[{"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who does the father accompany to track down the young American couple?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Sam Farragut is a sociopathic business executive in Southern California who forces a team of advertising agency employees to embark on a dangerous dirtbike trip to the Baja California desert in order to compete for his business .
Sent 2: The men are Warren Summerfield , a suicidal middle-aged ad executive who has been fired from the agency ; the straightlaced Paul McIlvain who is inattentive to his wife , and brash art designer Maxon who feels suddenly trapped after his girlfriend announces she is pregnant .
Sent 3: There are numerous long sequences of motorcycle riding on desert backroads .
Sent 4: Summerfield has been having an affair with McIlvian's wife .
Sent 5: He has not told his wife that he was fired and is simply serving out his tenure at the agency while looking for a new position .
Sent 6: His wife is actually aware of the affair .
Sent 7: Farragut convinces the ad men to make the motorcycle journey on the pretext of looking for a location to shoot a commercial .
Sent 8: In reality , Farragut is reckless and looking to involve the men in spontaneous edgy adventure of his own manipulation .
Sent 9: After they leave , McIlvain's wife suspects that Summerfield is planning to kill himself for the insurance money , but she can not convince Summerfield's wife to instigate a search .
Sent 10: The four men travel deeper into Mexico on isolated dirt roads .
Sent 11: At one point Summerfield contemplates plunging off a cliff .
Sent 12: After being humiliated by a young American couple in a Baja bar , Farragut tracks them down on the beach while accompanied by Maxon ", "answer groups": ["Maxon", "Farragut"], "distractor groups": ["Summerfield", "Mcllvain", "McIlvian's wife", "McIIvian", "The girlfriend", "Paul McIlvain", "The young American couple"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was Barnes working pro bono for when he secured a $115 million judgment in 1993 against Fleet Finance?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: On Monday, departing Gov. Roy Barnes will spend his first day as a private citizen by starting his new job as a full-time, pro-bono (unpaid) lawyer at the Atlanta Legal Aid Society.
Sent 2: The decision by Barnes, the most improbable casualty of Election Day 2002, to go to work for legal aid was almost as unexpected as his November defeat.
Sent 3: As a legal services attorney, Barnes will help women escape domestic violence, Mauricio Vivero is vice president seniors fight predatory lending scams and parents obtain child support for their kids.
Sent 4: of Legal In doing so, he will take his place on the front line of the U.S. legal community's Services Corporation, the uphill and underpublicized struggle to achieve equal access to justice for millions of Washington-Americans too poor to afford legal representation.
Sent 5: based nonprofit corporation chartered by The inaccessibility of the U.S. civil justice system is hardly a new development, but it Congress in took Barnes' decision to put the national media spotlight on our country's ongoing 1974 to promote equal access to access-to-justice crisis.
Sent 6: civil justice.
Sent 7: The 2000 U.S. census reports that more than 43 million Americans qualify for free federally funded legal assistance, yet fewer than 20 percent of eligible clients (annual income: 11,075 or less) are able to obtain legal help when they need it, according to the American Bar Association.
Sent 8: In Georgia, there is just one legal aid lawyer for every 10,500 eligible poor people.
Sent 9: Barnes understood this problem long before he became governor.
Sent 10: While in private practice, he handled many pro-bono cases and was a frequent volunteer in the Cobb County office of the federally funded Atlanta Legal Aid Society.
Sent 11: Most memorably, he secured a 115 million judgment in 1993 against Fleet Finance for victimizing 18,000 homeowners -- many of them senior citizens -- with its widespread predatory lending mortgage practices.
Sent 12: His long-standing commitment to the underserved is certainly admirable, but it should not be viewed as a rare and laudable act of civic virtue.
Sent 13: To be admitted to practice law, every attorney must take a professional oath to promote justice -- and every state's ethical rules include language indicating lawyers' responsibility to be guardians of fair play for those living in poverty.
Sent 14: In Georgia, many law firms, corporations and private attorneys are working pro bono to serve the neediest clients.
Sent 15: Yet only 23 percent of the state's 23,598 active lawyers reported meeting the Georgia State Bar's goal of 50 hours of pro-bono service in 2002.
Sent 16: The need for volunteers is most severe outside the five-county Atlanta metropolitan area, where 70 percent of the state's poor people are served by only 24 percent of the state's lawyers.
Sent 17: National pro-bono participation is even worse.
Sent 18: Only 23 percent of the roughly 1 million attorneys in America volunteer even one hour of pro-bono service annually, according to the ABA", "answer groups": ["He was working for the Atlanta Legal Aid Society", "Cobb County office"], "distractor groups": ["Fleet Finance", "Hs own company", "Homeowners"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why was the Algarve considered a legitimate target when it was attacked by Francis Drake?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: To protect its seagoing interests and trade routes, Portugal established strategic garrisons in Goa (India), Malacca (East Indies), and Hormuz in the Persian Gulf.
Sent 2: Portuguese explorers then embarked upon Macau (now Macao), the Congo, and various other parts of Africa, including the Sudan.
Sent 3: The Portuguese policy was to avoid armed strife and to develop a trade empire, rather than to conquer nations.
Sent 4: To this end it succeeded with relatively few blood-soaked episodes in its colonial history.
Sent 5: Adventures abroad, however, proved disastrous during the second half of the 16th century.
Sent 6: In 1557 the 14-year-old boy-king Sebasti\u00e3o ascended the throne, the beginning of a calamitous reign that was to end at the battle of Alcacer-Quiber (Morocco) in pursuit of a vain crusade.
Sent 7: Sebasti\u00e3o's untimely demise, alongside some 18,000 ill-prepared, badly led followers, set the stage for a crisis of succession.
Sent 8: For many years afterwards, legends and rumors bizarrely insisted that the king was still alive, and imposters turned up from time to time claiming the throne; those who were plausible enough to be deemed a threat were summarily executed.
Sent 9: In fact, the only rightful claimant to the crown was the elderly Prince Henry.
Sent 10: But after two years of alternating between the throne and his sickbed, he died, heirless.
Sent 11: Surveying the situation and smelling an opportunity, Spain occupied the power vacuum, and Portugal's neighbor and long-time antagonist became its master.
Sent 12: Spanish rule dictated Portugal's inadvertent involvement in Spain's ongoing wars.
Sent 13: In 1587 a squadron of British ships commanded by Francis Drake attacked the Algarve (now a \"legitimate target\" as Spanish territory) and sacked Sagres, thus depriving the world of the relics of Henry the Navigator.
Sent 14: Nine years later Faro was torched.
Sent 15: The 1386 Treaty of Windsor, by which Britain and Portugal had pledged eternal friendship, seemed a distant memory.
Sent 16: Portugal's empire was gradually eroded, and many of its trading posts (with the notable exception of Brazil) were picked off by the British and Dutch.
Sent 17: Finally, after 60 years of Spanish rule, Portuguese noblemen (aided by the French, then at war with Spain) organized a palace coup and restored independence.
Sent 18: The Great Disaster Portugal's greatest misfortune struck on All Saint's Day, 1 November 1755", "answer groups": ["It was spanish territory", "Spain took control of Portugal which meant Portugal became involved in Spain's wars"], "distractor groups": ["Because it was torched", "Because Sagres did not have to be sacked", "Francis drake was on it"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Do atoms of Gold differ?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["No, they all have the same structure and properties as all atoms of an element are the alike", "No"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": " Virginia Herbert?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Mr. Neville ( ( ( Anthony Higgins , a young and arrogant artist and something of a Byronic hero , is contracted to produce a series of 12 landscape drawings of an estate by Mrs. Virginia Herbert for her absent and estranged husband .
Sent 2: Part of the contract is that Mrs. Herbert agrees `` to meet Mr. Neville in private and to comply with his requests concerning his pleasure with me . ''
Sent 3: Several sexual encounters between them follow , each of them acted in such a way as to emphasise reluctance or distress on the part of Mrs Herbert and sexual aggression or insensitivity on the part of Mr Neville .
Sent 4: Meanwhile , whilst living on the estate , Mr. Neville gains quite a reputation with its dwellers , especially with Mrs. Herbert's son-in-law , Mr. Talmann .
Sent 5: Mrs. Herbert , wearied of meeting Mr. Neville for his pleasure , tries to terminate the contract before all of the drawings are completed and orders Mr. Neville to stop .
Sent 6: But he refuses to void the contract and continues as before .
Sent 7: Then Mrs. Herbert's married , but as yet childless , daughter , Mrs. Talmann , who has apparently become attracted to Mr. Neville , seems to blackmail him into making a second contract in Which he agrees to comply with what is described as her pleasure , rather than his a reversal of the position in regard to her mother .
Sent 8: A number of curious objects appear in Neville's drawings , Which point ultimately to the murder of Mr. Herbert , whose body is discovered in the moat of the house .
Sent 9: Mr. Neville completes his twelve drawings and leaves the house .
: What were the two parts of the contract that Mr. Neville had drew up for MRS", "answer groups": ["Reluctance or distress on the part of Mrs Herbert and sexual aggression or insensitivity on the part of Mr Neville", "A series of 12 landscaping drawings and the request for her to comply with his pleasures"], "distractor groups": ["To keep him happy", "To make him dinner"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Did the contract set up any sexual situations?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Mr. Neville ( ( ( Anthony Higgins , a young and arrogant artist and something of a Byronic hero , is contracted to produce a series of 12 landscape drawings of an estate by Mrs. Virginia Herbert for her absent and estranged husband .
Sent 2: Part of the contract is that Mrs. Herbert agrees `` to meet Mr. Neville in private and to comply with his requests concerning his pleasure with me . ''
Sent 3: Several sexual encounters between them follow , each of them acted in such a way as to emphasise reluctance or distress on the part of Mrs Herbert and sexual aggression or insensitivity on the part of Mr Neville .
Sent 4: Meanwhile , whilst living on the estate , Mr. Neville gains quite a reputation with its dwellers , especially with Mrs. Herbert's son-in-law , Mr. Talmann .
Sent 5: Mrs. Herbert , wearied of meeting Mr. Neville for his pleasure , tries to terminate the contract before all of the drawings are completed and orders Mr. Neville to stop .
Sent 6: But he refuses to void the contract and continues as before .
Sent 7: Then Mrs. Herbert's married , but as yet childless , daughter , Mrs. Talmann , who has apparently become attracted to Mr. Neville , seems to blackmail him into making a second contract in Which he agrees to comply with what is described as her pleasure , rather than his a reversal of the position in regard to her mother .
Sent 8: A number of curious objects appear in Neville's drawings , Which point ultimately to the murder of Mr. Herbert , whose body is discovered in the moat of the house .
Sent 9: Mr. Neville completes his twelve drawings and leaves the house ", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Yes, one in which Mrs. Herbert agrees to meet Mr. Neville in private and to comply with his requests concerning his pleasure"], "distractor groups": ["No, it did not"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What subject did the United States meet with Mahathir about?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Powell contended that it was not inconsistent to want to foster cooperation even with an organization like the Indonesian military, which has a history of human rights abuses.
Sent 2: \"If you get young officers, expose them to a military organization that is within a democratic political institution, such as the United States, then that rubs off on them,\" he said.
Sent 3: In Malaysia, Powell met with Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, who has led the country since 1981.
Sent 4: The Malaysian foreign minister, Syed Hamid Albar, later told local reporters that Powell had proposed that American and Malaysian officials review the idea of forming a regional training center in Malaysia to coordinate antiterrorism activities.
Sent 5: His brief stop in Malaysia also highlighted the moral ambiguities of the effort to prevent terrorism and its emphasis on cooperation with governments that the United States has often criticized.
Sent 6: The United States once distanced itself from Mahathir for strong-arm tactics with political rivals, and human rights groups criticize him for arresting and jailing scores of suspected militants, including some who may be linked to al-Qaida, without trial.
Sent 7: Powell said his discussions with Mahathir \"touched on the case\" of his former deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, who is serving a 15-year sentence on charges of sodomy and abuse of power after trials that Powell said the United States had \"always felt\" were flawed.
Sent 8: The assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, James Kelly, met on Tuesday morning with Anwar's wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, for what she later told Malaysian reporters was a discussion about both the detention of her husband and six supporters, and the campaign against terrorism", "answer groups": ["Former deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, who is serving a 15-year sentence on charges of sodomy and abuse of power", "Terrorism", "Former deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, who is serving a 15-year sentence"], "distractor groups": ["Trade", "To retrain his soldiers"]}, {"question": "
Sent 10: He alters like a clear pool to every mood of the sky, so that the shallow observer might forget how deep the waters are.
Multi Label Question: Who spoke of high and genteel matters", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: I wondered if that were my case--if I rode out for honour, and not for the pure pleasure of the riding.
Sent 2: And I marvelled more to see the two of us, both lovers of one lady and eager rivals, burying for the nonce our feuds, and with the same hope serving the same cause.
Sent 3: We slept the night at Aird's store, and early the next morning found Ringan.
Sent 4: A new Ringan indeed, as unlike the buccaneer I knew as he was unlike the Quaker.
Sent 5: He was now the gentleman of Breadalbane, dressed for the part with all the care of an exquisite.
Sent 6: He rode a noble roan, in his Spanish belt were stuck silver-hafted pistols, and a long sword swung at his side.
Sent 7: When I presented Grey to him, he became at once the cavalier, as precise in his speech and polite in his deportment as any Whitehall courtier.
Sent 8: They talked high and disposedly of genteel matters, and you would have thought that that red-haired pirate had lived his life among proud lords and high-heeled ladies.
Sent 9: That is ever the way of the Highlander", "answer groups": ["Ringan", "Grey and the gentleman of breadalbane"], "distractor groups": ["His wife"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who had a key?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The one person who, by his interference, could have settled all doubts was debarred by circumstances from interfering in the matter.
Sent 2: Wykham Delandre had quarrelled with his sister--or perhaps it was that she had quarrelled with him--and they were on terms not merely of armed neutrality but of bitter hatred.
Sent 3: The quarrel had been antecedent to Margaret going to Brent's Rock.
Sent 4: She and Wykham had almost come to blows.
Sent 5: There had certainly been threats on one side and on the other; and in the end Wykham, overcome with passion, had ordered his sister to leave his house.
Sent 6: She had risen straightway, and, without waiting to pack up even her own personal belongings, had walked out of the house.
Sent 7: On the threshold she had paused for a moment to hurl a bitter threat at Wykham that he would rue in shame and despair to the last hour of his life his act of that day.
Sent 8: Some weeks had since passed; and it was understood in the neighbourhood that Margaret had gone to London, when she suddenly appeared driving out with Geoffrey Brent, and the entire neighbourhood knew before nightfall that she had taken up her abode at the Rock.
Sent 9: It was no subject of surprise that Brent had come back unexpectedly, for such was his usual custom.
Sent 10: Even his own servants never knew when to expect him, for there was a private door, of which he alone had the key, by which he sometimes entered without anyone in the house being aware of his coming.
Sent 11: This was his usual method of appearing after a long absence", "answer groups": ["Geoffrey Brent", "Brent"], "distractor groups": ["Predator", "Margaret"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Did Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh discover the planet before The d'Archaic Papers were written?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Honours and legacy In 1929, Soviet writer Leonid Grossman published a novel The d'Archiac Papers, telling the story of Pushkin's death from the perspective of a French diplomat, being a participant and a witness of the fatal duel.
Sent 2: The book describes him as a liberal and a victim of the Tsarist regime.
Sent 3: In Poland the book was published under the title Death of the Poet.
Sent 4: In 1937, the town of Tsarskoye Selo was renamed Pushkin in his honour.
Sent 5: There are several museums in Russia dedicated to Pushkin, including two in Moscow, one in Saint Petersburg, and a large complex in Mikhaylovskoye.
Sent 6: Pushkin's death was portrayed in the 2006 biographical film Pushkin: The Last Duel.
Sent 7: The film was directed by Natalya Bondarchuk.
Sent 8: Pushkin was portrayed onscreen by Sergei Bezrukov.
Sent 9: The Pushkin Trust was established in 1987 by the Duchess of Abercorn to commemorate the creative legacy and spirit of her ancestor and to release the creativity and imagination of the children of Ireland by providing them with opportunities to communicate their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
Sent 10: A minor planet, 2208 Pushkin, discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, is named after him.
Sent 11: A crater on Mercury is also named in his honour.
Sent 12: MS Alexandr Pushkin, second ship of the Russian Ivan Franko class (also referred to as \"poet\" or \"writer\" class).
Sent 13: Station of Tashkent metro was named in his honour.
Sent 14: The Pushkin Hills and Pushkin Lake were named in his honour in Ben Nevis Township, Cochrane District, in Ontario, Canada.
Sent 15: UN Russian Language Day, established by the United Nations in 2010 and celebrated each year on 6 June, was scheduled to coincide with Pushkin's birthday", "answer groups": ["No, the papers were written in 1929 and the planet was discovered in 1977", "No. The planet was discovered in 1977"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Was there any evidence that the jump seat was used on Flight 00?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The hijackers attacked at 9:28.
Sent 2: While traveling 35,000 feet above eastern Ohio, United 93 suddenly dropped 700 feet.
Sent 3: Eleven seconds into the descent, the FAA's air traffic control center in Cleveland received the first of two radio transmissions from the aircraft.
Sent 4: During the first broadcast, the captain or first officer could be heard declaring \"Mayday\" amid the sounds of a physical struggle in the cockpit.
Sent 5: The second radio transmission, 35 seconds later, indicated that the fight was continuing.
Sent 6: The captain or first officer could be heard shouting:\" Hey get out of here-get out of here-get out of here.\"
Sent 7: On the morning of 9/11, there were only 37 passengers on United 93-33 in addition to the 4 hijackers.
Sent 8: This was below the norm for Tuesday mornings during the summer of 2001.
Sent 9: But there is no evidence that the hijackers manipulated passenger levels or purchased additional seats to facilitate their operation.
Sent 10: The terrorists who hijacked three other commercial flights on 9/11 operated in five-man teams.
Sent 11: They initiated their cockpit takeover within 30 minutes of takeoff.
Sent 12: On Flight 93, however, the takeover took place 46 minutes after takeoff and there were only four hijackers.
Sent 13: The operative likely intended to round out the team for this flight, Mohamed al Kahtani, had been refused entry by a suspicious immigration inspector at Florida's Orlando International Airport in August.
Sent 14: Because several passengers on United 93 described three hijackers on the plane, not four, some have wondered whether one of the hijackers had been able to use the cockpit jump seat from the outset of the flight.
Sent 15: FAA rules allow use of this seat by documented and approved individuals, usually air carrier or FAA personnel.
Sent 16: We have found no evidence indicating that one of the hijackers, or anyone else, sat there on this flight.
Sent 17: All the hijackers had assigned seats in first class, and they seem to have used them.
Sent 18: We believe it is more likely that Jarrah, the crucial pilot-trained member of their team, remained seated and inconspicuous until after the cockpit was seized; and once inside, he would not have been visible to the passengers", "answer groups": ["No, it is merely speculation", "No."], "distractor groups": ["Yes, Jarrah's ID was found near the seat in the wreckage", "yes", "Yes, Jarrah was placed there by a suspicious airline employee"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: To whom Ong and Sweeney were reporting the events from the hijacked flight?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: At 8:38, Ong told Gonzalez that the plane was flying erratically again.
Sent 2: Around this time Sweeney told Woodward that the hijackers were Middle Easterners, naming three of their seat numbers.
Sent 3: One spoke very little English and one spoke excellent English.
Sent 4: The hijackers had gained entry to the cockpit, and she did not know how.
Sent 5: The aircraft was in a rapid descent.
Sent 6: At 8:41, Sweeney told Woodward that passengers in coach were under the impression that there was a routine medical emergency in first class.
Sent 7: Other flight attendants were busy at duties such as getting medical supplies while Ong and Sweeney were reporting the events.
Sent 8: At 8:41, in American's operations center, a colleague told Marquis that the air traffic controllers declared Flight 11 a hijacking and \"think he's [American 11] headed toward Kennedy [airport in New York City].
Sent 9: They're moving everybody out of the way.
Sent 10: They seem to have him on a primary radar.
Sent 11: They seem to think that he is descending.\"
Sent 12: At 8:44, Gonzalez reported losing phone contact with Ong.
Sent 13: About this same time Sweeney reported to Woodward, \"Something is wrong.
Sent 14: We are in a rapid descent .
Sent 15: we are all over the place.\"
Sent 16: Woodward asked Sweeney to look out the window to see if she could determine where they were", "answer groups": ["Gonzalez and Woodward", "Gonzalez", "Woodward"], "distractor groups": ["Flight attendants", "Ong"]}, {"question": "
Sent 16: Journeys to England and Ireland 1835
Multi Label Question: Was De la democratie en Amerique only written in French in one volume?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont in America: Their Friendship and Their Travels edited by Oliver Zunz, translated by Arthur Goldhammer (University of Virginia Press; 2011) 698 pages; Includes previously unpublished letters, essays, and other writings Du systeme penitentaire aux Etats-Unis et de son application en France (1833) - On the Penitentiary System in the United States and Its Application to France, with Gustave de Beaumont.
Sent 2: De la democratie en Amerique (1835/1840) - Democracy in America.
Sent 3: It was published in two volumes, the first in 1835, the second in 1840.
Sent 4: English language versions: Tocqueville, Democracy in America, trans.
Sent 5: and eds., Harvey C. Mansfield and Delba Winthrop, University of Chicago Press, 2000; Tocqueville, Democracy in America (Arthur Goldhammer, trans.; Olivier Zunz, ed.) (The Library of America, 2004) ISBN 978-1-931082-54-9.
Sent 6: L'Ancien Regime et la Revolution (1856) - The Old Regime and the Revolution.
Sent 7: It is Tocqueville's second most famous work.
Sent 8: Recollections (1893) - This work was a private journal of the Revolution of 1848.
Sent 9: He never intended to publish this during his lifetime; it was published by his wife and his friend Gustave de Beaumont after his death.
Sent 10: Journey to America (1831-1832) - Alexis de Tocqueville's travel diary of his visit to America; translated into English by George Lawrence, edited by J-P Mayer, Yale University Press, 1960; based on vol.
Sent 11: V, 1 of the OEuvres Completes of Tocqueville.
Sent 12: L'Etat social et politique de la France avant et depuis 1789 - Alexis de Tocqueville Memoir On Pauperism: Does public charity produce an idle and dependant class of society?
Sent 13: (1835) originally published by Ivan R. Dee.
Sent 14: Inspired by a trip to England.
Sent 15: One of Tocqueville's more obscure works", "answer groups": ["No", "No, it was published in two volumes and translated into English as Democracy in America"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who do they believe did NOT give the terrorist money?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: As noted above, the 9/11 plotters spent somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 to plan and conduct their attack.
Sent 2: The available evidence indicates that the 19 operatives were funded by al Qaeda, either through wire transfers or cash provided by KSM, which they carried into the United States or deposited in foreign accounts and accessed from this country.
Sent 3: Our investigation has uncovered no credible evidence that any person in the United States gave the hijackers substantial financial assistance.
Sent 4: Similarly, we have seen no evidence that any foreign government-or foreign government official-supplied any funding.
Sent 5: We have found no evidence that the Hamburg cell members (Atta, Shehhi, Jarrah, and Binalshibh) received funds from al Qaeda before late 1999.
Sent 6: It appears they supported themselves.
Sent 7: KSM, Binalshibh, and another plot facilitator, Mustafa al Hawsawi, each received money, in some cases perhaps as much as 10,000, to perform their roles in the plot.
Sent 8: After the Hamburg recruits joined the 9/11 conspiracy, al Qaeda began giving them money.
Sent 9: Our knowledge of the funding during this period, before the operatives entered the United States, remains murky.
Sent 10: According to KSM, the Hamburg cell members each received 5,000 to pay for their return to Germany from Afghanistan after they had been selected to join the plot, and they received additional funds for travel from Germany to the United States.
Sent 11: Financial transactions of the plotters are discussed in more detail in chapter 7.
Sent 12: Requirements for a Successful Attack As some of the core operatives prepared to leave for the United States, al Qaeda's leaders could have reflected on what they needed to be able to do in order to organize and conduct a complex international terrorist operation to inflict catastrophic harm.
Sent 13: We believe such a list of requirements would have included leaders able to evaluate, approve, and supervise the planning and direction of the operation; communications sufficient to enable planning and direction of the operatives and those who would be helping them; a personnel system that could recruit candidates, vet them, indoctrinate them, and give them necessary training; an intelligence effort to gather required information and form assessments of enemy strengths and weaknesses; the ability to move people; and the ability to raise and move the necessary money.
Sent 14: The information we have presented about the development of the planes operation shows how, by the spring and summer of 2000, al Qaeda was able to meet these requirements.
Sent 15: By late May 2000, two operatives assigned to the planes operation were already in the United States.
Sent 16: Three of the four Hamburg cell members would soon arrive", "answer groups": ["Any foreign government", "Any person in the United States, any foreign government-or foreign government official", "Foreign government-or foreign government official"], "distractor groups": ["Hamburg", "Binalshibh", "Al queda"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Are two atoms of different elements the same?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["No, atoms of a single element are alike and differ from other elements", "No"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What Haight-Ashbury group supported the professor, a group he celebrates in return on the Joe Pyne Show.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Patricia Cross and her boyfriend Larry Osborne , two students in a San Francisco school , become expelled for the publication of an off-campus underground paper .
Sent 2: As a result , a philosophy professor , Dr. Jonathon Barnett , resigns his teaching position and decides to become an advocate for the counterculture youth movement and , specifically , the use of LSD .
Sent 3: The hippies of the Haight-Ashbury district first see him as a hero and then as something even more .
Sent 4: Dr. Barnett even makes an appearance on the Joe Pyne TV show to voice his support of the hippie community and the use of LSD .
Sent 5: One scheming young man sees the opportunity to build Dr. Barnett as the head of a cult centered around the use of LSD .
Sent 6: He hopes to earn profit from the users , Dr. Barnett's speeches known as `` happenings , '' and their lifestyles .
Sent 7: At a massive LSD-fueled dance , Patricia begins to have a bad trip Which leads to an argument between her and Pat , ultimately splitting the couple up .
Sent 8: After Patricia realizes that she's pregnant , Dr. Barnett advises her to have an abortion , ultimately leading to Patricia attempting suicide .
Sent 9: However , Larry saves her and makes the destruction of Dr. Barnett's cult his primary objective .
Sent 10: Larry shoots Dr. Barnett from the crowd at one of his massive speeches .
Sent 11: As another hippie in attendance calms the audience and Elliot sees his new leader for their cult-like organization , Larry realizes that his assassination of Dr. Barnett simply made him a martyr for the hippie movement ", "answer groups": ["The hippies", "Hero"], "distractor groups": ["Support", "Celebrates"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Under the leadership of the Duke of Wellington, what happened to Portugal?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Among the early blows struck for independence was a rebellion in the town of Olh\u00e3o.
Sent 2: On 16 June 1808, the townsfolk\u00a0\u2014\u00a0armed with little more than ancient swords, spears, and stones\u00a0\u2014\u00a0attacked and captured the local French garrison.
Sent 3: It's said that a party of local men then set sail from Olh\u00e3o all the way to Brazil, without maps or navigational aids, to tell the king of the insurrection.
Sent 4: The real battle, however, was waged under the leadership of the Duke of Wellington, whose coalition forces expelled the French after two years of bitter fighting.
Sent 5: The war left Portugal further weakened, and in 1822 its major empire outpost, Brazil, declared independence.
Sent 6: At the same time, a dispute over the crown continually raged between Pedro IV, the absentee monarch who preferred to reign as Emperor of Brazil rather than return to Portugal, and his brother Miguel.
Sent 7: The power struggle, with strong overtones of absolutism versus liberalism, excited the interest and intervention of other powers.
Sent 8: With British help, Pedro defeated Miguel off Cape St. Vincent in 1833, and his expeditionary force marched to Lisbon.
Sent 9: Pedro took the throne, though armed struggle continued for months and the lingering bitterness long after that.
Sent 10: By 1892 Portugal, racked by wars and the continuing expense of maintaining its African colonies (including those of Mozambique and Angola), declared itself bankrupt.
Sent 11: The seeds of discontent with absolutist rule were sown.
Sent 12: Kingdom's End Bloodshed would haunt the remaining years of the Portuguese monarchy.
Sent 13: On 1 February 1908, the royal family was riding in an open carriage along the Lisbon river front plaza, Terreiro do Pa\u00e7o, when an assassin opened fire and killed King Carlos and the heir to the throne, Prince Luis Filipe.
Sent 14: The prince's younger brother, Prince Manuel, was also hit, but he survived and was thus propelled to the throne at the tender age of 19.
Sent 15: Amid republican agitation, a surprise uprising led by elements within the armed forces deposed Manuel in 1910.
Sent 16: Having ruled for less than three years, Manuel died in exile in 1932 in England.
Sent 17: The sudden end of more than seven centuries of monarchy brought confusion and crisis to the country.
Sent 18: Presidents and prime ministers were ushered into and out of office an unbelievable 45 times between 1910 and 1926, until a military revolution suspended Portugal's problematic democracy", "answer groups": ["Weakened portugal", "The war left Portugal further weakened"], "distractor groups": ["It declared independence"]}, {"question": " Herbert?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Mr. Neville ( ( ( Anthony Higgins , a young and arrogant artist and something of a Byronic hero , is contracted to produce a series of 12 landscape drawings of an estate by Mrs. Virginia Herbert for her absent and estranged husband .
Sent 2: Part of the contract is that Mrs. Herbert agrees `` to meet Mr. Neville in private and to comply with his requests concerning his pleasure with me . ''
Sent 3: Several sexual encounters between them follow , each of them acted in such a way as to emphasise reluctance or distress on the part of Mrs Herbert and sexual aggression or insensitivity on the part of Mr Neville .
Sent 4: Meanwhile , whilst living on the estate , Mr. Neville gains quite a reputation with its dwellers , especially with Mrs. Herbert's son-in-law , Mr. Talmann .
Sent 5: Mrs. Herbert , wearied of meeting Mr. Neville for his pleasure , tries to terminate the contract before all of the drawings are completed and orders Mr. Neville to stop .
Sent 6: But he refuses to void the contract and continues as before .
Sent 7: Then Mrs. Herbert's married , but as yet childless , daughter , Mrs. Talmann , who has apparently become attracted to Mr. Neville , seems to blackmail him into making a second contract in Which he agrees to comply with what is described as her pleasure , rather than his a reversal of the position in regard to her mother .
Sent 8: A number of curious objects appear in Neville's drawings , Which point ultimately to the murder of Mr. Herbert , whose body is discovered in the moat of the house .
Sent 9: Mr. Neville completes his twelve drawings and leaves the house .
: Does Mr. Neville know anything about the murder of Mrs", "answer groups": ["Yes, as his drawings co", "Yes, a number of curious objects appear in Neville's drawings, which point ultimately to the murder of Mr. Herbert"], "distractor groups": ["No he did not"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who does Nicia get to help him to get Lucrezia to sleep with a stranger?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Callimaco is taken by the beauty of Lucrezia , but she is the loyal wife of Nicia , a rich and foolish lawyer .
Sent 2: Callimaco hires the service of a shady ` fixer ' named Ligurio to aid in his quest to sleep with her .
Sent 3: Lgurio informs Callimaco that Nicia and Lucrezia are anxious to have a child .
Sent 4: With the fixer's help , .
Sent 5: Callimaco masquerades as a doctor and convinces Nicia that the best way for Lucrezia to conceive a child is by her taking a potion made from the Mandrake Root .
Sent 6: He lies and warns Nicia that the first man to sleep with Lucrezia after she has taken the potion will die within eight days .
Sent 7: Together they devise a plan to kidnap a stranger to sleep with Lucrezia and draw out the poison .
Sent 8: Callimaco then disguises himself and arranges to be the one who is kidnapped .
Sent 9: Lucrezia is an honorable woman and does not at first agree to meet with the stranger .
Sent 10: Nicia gets both Lucrezia's mother , a woman of ill repute , and her confessor Brother Timoteo , a priest of low morals , to aid in convincing Lucrezia of the necessity of the plan .
Sent 11: After finally sleeping with Lucrezia , Callimaco confesses everything .
Sent 12: Lucrezia gives thought to the duplicity of her husband , her mother , and her confessor , and decides that she now wants Callimaco as a lover forever .
Sent 13: Callimaco gets what he had desired and everyone else continues to believe that each had outwitted the others ", "answer groups": ["Lucrezia's mother, a woman of ill repute", "Lucrezia' mother, and confessor Brother Timoteo", "Lucrezia's mother", "Lucrezia's confessor", "Brother Timoteo her confessor, a priest of low morals"], "distractor groups": ["Ligurio", "Callimaco", "Ligurio the fixer"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the name of the man who succumbs to Edwina's charms and saves her husband from a man-eating tiger during a safari?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The opening shot of the movie shows Kunti praying for Lord Krishna's protection for the Pandavas .
Sent 2: Lord Krishna consoles Kunti and promises to ever protect the Pandavas and guide them through troubles and problems that may occur in life .
Sent 3: The sons of Pandu and Dhritarashtra progeny break into an argument .
Sent 4: When Duryodhana insults the Pandavas as `` dependents '' , Bheema counters by saying that , the Kauravas are the progeny of a widow .
Sent 5: Duryodhana asks Veda Vyasa for an explanation .
Sent 6: He is then told that , since his mother , Gandhari had an astrological defect , she is first married of to a goat and then married to his father .
Sent 7: Duryodhana gains animosity towards the kingdom of Gandhara where the king , the father of his mother Gandhari , rules .
Sent 8: He attacks Gandhara and lays waste of the whole kingdom .
Sent 9: He them imprisons the royal family in his prison .
Sent 10: He gives them only one rice grain per prisoner .
Sent 11: The king of Gandhara then stops everyone from grabbing the little food that is provided .
Sent 12: He says that instead of everyone dying , they could keep at least one of their princes alive .
Sent 13: He chooses Sakuni to be alive .
Sent 14: Sakuni takes an oath that he will do everything he can to destroy the entire Kaurava clan .
Sent 15: He makes magic dice from his father's spinal cord .
Sent 16: The magic dice show exactly the number that he would want .
Sent 17: Duryodhana takes pity on the lone prisoner , Sakuni after the rest of the Gandhara royal family dies in prison out of starvation .
Sent 18: Sakuni joins the evil of coterie of Duryodhana , Karna and Dushyasana ", "answer groups": ["No answer", "Rob", "Does not apply"], "distractor groups": ["Bheema", "krishnan", "karnan"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What entity did NEADS warn in response to a 767 jet that had left Logan Airport for Las Vegas?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Right after the Pentagon was hit, NEADS learned of another possible hijacked aircraft.
Sent 2: It was an aircraft that in fact had not been hijacked at all.
Sent 3: After the second World Trade Center crash, Boston Center managers recognized that both aircraft were transcontinental 767 jetliners that had departed Logan Airport.
Sent 4: Remembering the \"we have some planes\" remark, Boston Center guessed that Delta 1989 might also be hijacked.
Sent 5: Boston Center called NEADS at 9:41 and identified Delta 1989, a 767 jet that had left Logan Airport for Las Vegas, as a possible hijack.
Sent 6: NEADS warned the FAA's Cleveland Center to watch Delta 1989.
Sent 7: The Command Center and FAA headquarters watched it too.
Sent 8: During the course of the morning, there were multiple erroneous reports of hijacked aircraft.
Sent 9: The report of American 11 heading south was the first; Delta 1989 was the second.
Sent 10: NEADS never lost track of Delta 1989, and even ordered fighter aircraft from Ohio and Michigan to intercept it.
Sent 11: The flight never turned off its transponder.
Sent 12: NEADS soon learned that the aircraft was not hijacked, and tracked Delta 1989 as it reversed course over Toledo, headed east, and landed in Cleveland.
Sent 13: But another aircraft was heading toward Washington, an aircraft about which NORAD had heard nothing: United 93.
Sent 14: United Airlines Flight 93 FAA Awareness.
Sent 15: At 9:27, after having been in the air for 45 minutes, United 93 acknowledged a transmission from the Cleveland Center controller.
Sent 16: This was the last normal contact the FAA had with the flight.
Sent 17: Less than a minute later, the Cleveland controller and the pilots of aircraft in the vicinity heard \"a radio transmission of unintelligible sounds of possible screaming or a struggle from an unknown origin.\"
Sent 18: The controller responded, seconds later: \"Somebody call Cleveland?\"This was followed by a second radio transmission, with sounds of screaming", "answer groups": ["Cleveland Center", "FAA's Cleveland Center", "FAA"], "distractor groups": ["A hijaking at the world trade center", "Pentagon", "Boston Center", "Another possible hijacked aircraft", "World Trade Center"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the name of the organization that supports the bible school?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- A Christian evangelical group said Thursday that a Bible school -- backed by American evangelist Franklin Graham -- was destroyed in the latest bombing raid to hit South Kordofan, an oil-rich Sudanese province that borders the newly created independent country of South Sudan.
Sent 2: At least eight bombs were dropped in the area Wednesday during the school's first day of classes, according to a statement by Samaritan's Purse, Graham's Christian humanitarian group, which supports the school.
Sent 3: Two bombs landed inside the compound -- located in the region's Nuba Mountains -- destroying two Heiban Bible College buildings and igniting grass fires across the area, the group said in a statement No injuries were reported.
Sent 4: \"It was a miracle that no one was injured,\" the statement added.
Sent 5: Graham, who has called on the international community to take out Sudan's air assets and establish a no-fly zone in the region, said in a statement Thursday that he blamed Sudan's air force for the strike.
Sent 6: At least four churches have been destroyed since August, the group said.
Sent 7: \"We are deeply concerned for the welfare and lives of the people of South Kordofan and we condemn the bombing of churches and Christian facilities,\" added Graham, son of the famed Rev. Billy Graham.
Sent 8: More than 78,000 people have fled South Kordofan and Blue Nile states since August of last year after an armed rebellion took root, the United Nations reported.
Sent 9: The Sudanese government is thought to have responded to the rebellion by conducting sustained air raids with the use of Russian-made Antonov bombers, which have raised concerns over civilian casualties.
Sent 10: Decades of civil war between the north and south, costing as many as 2 million lives, formally ended with a U.S.-brokered peace treaty in 2005", "answer groups": ["American evangelist Franklin Graham", "Samaritan's Purse,"], "distractor groups": ["Russian bommers", "President", "Uno"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who hasn't stepped in to help the funding?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Boone, Ia.
Sent 2: -Poor and elderly people may soon go without legal representation in Boone County.
Sent 3: Boone County Legal Aid, which for 31 years has provided legal services to those who couldn't afford them, will close in February if a 10,000 grant from Prairie Meadows Racetrack and Casino is not awarded.
Sent 4: The legal service is one of the few programs in Iowa that offers legal representation to those who qualify without turning to the state for its services.
Sent 5: \"It is a very sad situation, but that's the fact,\" said Alan Schroeder, city attorney and supervisor of Boone County Legal Aid.
Sent 6: For the past two years using money mostly from the city and county, Schroeder has upheld the outfit alone, taking on about 60 clients a year, and settling cases that range from domestic abuse to bankruptcy.
Sent 7: He also has a private practice.
Sent 8: If the legal service closes, he's unsure where his clients will go.
Sent 9: The city of Boone gave Schroeder 6,300 in July to resolve pending cases, said Kathy Berg, Boone's finance officer.
Sent 10: Without that, the program might already be closed.
Sent 11: \"All governments are having problems with finances,\" Boone Mayor George Maybee said.
Sent 12: \"No one else stepped in.
Sent 13: The county didn't.
Sent 14: The state didn't.\"
Sent 15: Donovan Olson, chairman of the county Board of Supervisors, said the board quit funding the legal service in July because it felt the county didn't need it.
Sent 16: Drake University ended its funding after the 2000 spring semester \"for a variety of reasons,\" Suzanne Levitt, the law professor who oversaw the program, said via e-mail.
Sent 17: Olson said Schroeder must prove Prairie Meadows is the primary money source for the board to grant the program any more money.
Sent 18: Schroeder ran the program without the help of law students or Drake, which had provided as much as two-thirds of the money in some years", "answer groups": ["The State", "The County", "Anyone"], "distractor groups": ["Stanford University", "Boone's finance officer", "Columbia University", "Boone County"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is her racial origin?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: These incoherent words threw the first glimpse of light on the meaning of her distress and penitence.
Sent 2: I doubt if the best woman in Christendom would so reproach and abase herself, if convicted of even a worse sin than the secret use of those stimulants for which the \"charny\" is a Martial equivalent.
Sent 3: No Martialist would dream of poisoning his blood and besotting his brain with alcohol in any form.
Sent 4: But their opiates affect a race addicted to physical repose, to sensuous enjoyment rather than to sensual excitement, and to lucid intellectual contemplation, with a sense of serene delight as supremely delicious to their temperament as the dreamy illusions of haschisch to the Turk, the fierce frenzy of bhang to the Malay, or the wild excitement of brandy or Geneva to the races of Northern Europe.
Sent 5: But as with the luxury of intoxication in Europe, so in Mars indulgence in these drugs, freely permitted to the one sex, is strictly forbidden by opinion and domestic rule to the other.
Sent 6: A lady discovered in the use of \"charny\" is as deeply disgraced as an European matron detected in the secret enjoyment of spirits and cigars; and her lord and master takes care to render her sufficiently conscious of her fault", "answer groups": ["Martian", "Martialist"], "distractor groups": ["European", "British"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which of the books loaned by Stoddard did Johnnie keep above all of the loaned books?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Johnnie had a set of small volumes of English verse, extensively annotated by his own hand, which Stoddard had brought to her early in their acquaintance, leaving it with her more as a gift than as a loan.
Sent 2: She kept these little books after all the others had gone back.
Sent 3: She had read and reread them--cullings from Chaucer, from Spenser, from the Elizabethan lyrists, the border balladry, fierce, tender, oh, so human--till she knew pages of them by heart, and their vocabulary influenced her own, their imagery tinged all her leisure thoughts.
Sent 4: It seemed to her, whenever she debated returning them, that she could not bear it.
Sent 5: She would get them out and sit with one of them open in her hands, not reading, but staring at the pages with unseeing eyes, passing her fingers over it, as one strokes a beloved hand, or turning through each book only to find the pencilled words in the margins.
Sent 6: She would be giving up part of herself when she took these back.
Sent 7: Yet it had to be done, and one miserable morning she made them all into a neat package, intending to carry them to the mill and place them on Stoddard's desk thus early, when nobody would be in the office.
Sent 8: Then the children came in; Deanie was half sick; and in the distress of getting the ailing child comfortably into her own bed, Johnnie forgot the books.
Sent 9: Taking them in at noon, she met Stoddard himself", "answer groups": ["A set of small volumes of annotated English verse", "Small volumes of English verse"], "distractor groups": ["Fiction stories"]}, {"question": " Who did Clarke expect to answer this?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Principals Committee had its first meeting on al Qaeda on September 4.
Sent 2: On the day of the meeting, Clarke sent Rice an impassioned personal note.
Sent 3: He criticized U.S. counterterrorism efforts past and present.
Sent 4: The \"real question\" before the principals, he wrote, was \"are we serious about dealing with the al Qida threat?
Sent 5: Is al Qida a big deal?
Sent 6: Decision makers should imagine themselves on a future day when the CSG has not succeeded in stopping al Qida attacks and hundreds of Americans lay dead in several countries, including the US,\" Clarke wrote.
Sent 7: \"What would those decision makers wish that they had done earlier?
Sent 8: That future day could happen at any time.\"
Sent 9: Clarke then turned to the Cole.\"
Sent 10: The fact that the USS Cole was attacked during the last Administration does not absolve us of responding for the attack,\" he wrote.
Sent 11: \"Many in al Qida and the Taliban may have drawn the wrong lesson from the Cole: that they can kill Americans without there being a US response, without there being a price.\"
: The real question' is 'is al Qida a big deal'", "answer groups": ["The principals", "Decision makers"], "distractor groups": ["Al Qaeda", "The Captain of the USS Cole", "Interviewers", "Bill Clinton", "The Taliban", "Rice"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the Catholic Church find in the casket of the body of a 19th century church official?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The film begins with members of the Catholic Church digging up the body of a 19th century church official , whose casket has a box-shaped urn chained to it .
Sent 2: Inside the box they discover artifacts belonging to Mater Lachrymarum , the last surviving member of the Three Mothers ; an ancient trio of powerful black witches .
Sent 3: In particular , the box contains a magic cloak that , when worn by Mater Lachrymarum , increases her powers significantly .
Sent 4: The urn is shipped to the Museum of Ancient Art in Rome , where Sarah Mandy , an American studying art restorationworks .
Sent 5: Sarah is dating the curator Michael Pierce , a single father who is away from the museum that night .
Sent 6: With help from the assistant curator , Sarah opens the box and finds the cloak , a dagger , and three statues representing the three witches .
Sent 7: Sending Sarah to her office to retrieve tools to help her translate the text on the artifacts , the curator is promptly attacked by the demonic agents of Mater Lachrymarum .
Sent 8: Sarah arrives too late to save her boss and starts to flee the museum .
Sent 9: Unfortunately , she is pursued by Mater Lachrymarum 's familiar and is only able to escape when a disembodied voice magically throws open a series of locked doors keeping her trapped inside the museum .
Sent 10: Sarah tells the police what happened as she spends the night with Michael and his son .
Sent 11: Michael visits the Cardinal who sent him the urn only to find out that , shortly after mailing the urn to him , he had a severe stroke and is now in a coma ", "answer groups": ["A box shaped-urn", "Artifacts belonging to Mater Lachrymarum and a magic cloak that , when worn by Mater Lachrymarum , increases her powers significantly. Also, the cloak , a dagger , and three statues representing the three witches"], "distractor groups": ["A chain"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Jenny go the beach?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Jenny was a 13 year old girl with blond hair and blue eyes.
Sent 2: She had gotten out of her last day of school and was free for the summer.
Sent 3: Two of her friends were going to the nearby beach to do some swimming and enjoy the sun.
Sent 4: Jenny went with them and when they got there the beach was very full and there were people everywhere.
Sent 5: They changed into their bathing suits and went to the water.
Sent 6: The water was very cold.
Sent 7: They chose not swim and walked to the sand.
Sent 8: Then they laid down on some towels and enjoyed the sun.
Sent 9: After several hours Jenny and her friends fell asleep.
Sent 10: They woke up and the sun was beginning to set.
Sent 11: When Jenny sat up she found that it was painful to touch her skin.
Sent 12: When she looked down she saw that she had a very bad sunburn.
Sent 13: Her friends were also very badly sunburned so they went home.
Sent 14: Jenny's mother gave her a cream to put on the sunburn.
Sent 15: Afterwards she felt a lot better and went to sleep", "answer groups": ["Swimming", "Jenny was free from school on summer break and 2 of her friends were going to the beach"], "distractor groups": ["Sleep", "Officials"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is looking at the year book?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Adrienne Saunders is happily married to her art dealer husband , Jack .
Sent 2: They have a daughter named Mary .
Sent 3: Adrienne hears from a friend that she thought she saw Jack in town when he claimed to be on an out of town business trip .
Sent 4: Adrienne confronts him , but he denies being in town , and their lives continue .
Sent 5: Soon after a museum curator is mysteriously murdered , and a relic that Jack bought for the museum is revealed to be a fake .
Sent 6: Jack is placed under suspicion , and then Adrienne receives word from the police that Jack perished in a car accident .
Sent 7: In trying to wrap up Jack 's affairs , Adrienne begins to suspect that her husband had switched identities with a high school classmate , Frank Sullivan .
Sent 8: When she sees a high school yearbook picture of her husband attributed to Sullivan , she is convinced .
Sent 9: She tracks down a relative of Saunders , who confirms that Frank and Jack were inseparable in high school .
Sent 10: After Jack died , the relative never saw Frank again .
Sent 11: She explained that Frank 's father was an alcoholic and that his mother worked as a toll booth operator .
Sent 12: She directs Adrienne to Frank 's mother , who lives in a rundown apartment in Brooklyn .
Sent 13: Frank 's mother bitterly receives the news that she has a granddaughter , telling Adrienne that Frank was always selfish and that he never looked in on her .
Sent 14: A stalker lurks at Adrienne 's loft .
Sent 15: He comes in to Adrienne 's bed while she is asleep and caresses her .
Sent 16: He watches Mary , who is spooked by the man in her room at night ", "answer groups": ["Adrienne", "Adrienne Saunders"], "distractor groups": ["Mary"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does the yearbook confirm Adrienne's doubt about her husband's identity?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Adrienne Saunders is happily married to her art dealer husband , Jack .
Sent 2: They have a daughter named Mary .
Sent 3: Adrienne hears from a friend that she thought she saw Jack in town when he claimed to be on an out of town business trip .
Sent 4: Adrienne confronts him , but he denies being in town , and their lives continue .
Sent 5: Soon after a museum curator is mysteriously murdered , and a relic that Jack bought for the museum is revealed to be a fake .
Sent 6: Jack is placed under suspicion , and then Adrienne receives word from the police that Jack perished in a car accident .
Sent 7: In trying to wrap up Jack 's affairs , Adrienne begins to suspect that her husband had switched identities with a high school classmate , Frank Sullivan .
Sent 8: When she sees a high school yearbook picture of her husband attributed to Sullivan , she is convinced .
Sent 9: She tracks down a relative of Saunders , who confirms that Frank and Jack were inseparable in high school .
Sent 10: After Jack died , the relative never saw Frank again .
Sent 11: She explained that Frank 's father was an alcoholic and that his mother worked as a toll booth operator .
Sent 12: She directs Adrienne to Frank 's mother , who lives in a rundown apartment in Brooklyn .
Sent 13: Frank 's mother bitterly receives the news that she has a granddaughter , telling Adrienne that Frank was always selfish and that he never looked in on her .
Sent 14: A stalker lurks at Adrienne 's loft .
Sent 15: He comes in to Adrienne 's bed while she is asleep and caresses her .
Sent 16: He watches Mary , who is spooked by the man in her room at night ", "answer groups": ["He is named Frank Sullivan", "Adrienne doubts that her husband Jack had switched identities with high school classmate, Frank Sullivan which she confirms after seeing the yearbook"], "distractor groups": ["He is missing"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the second quasi-legendary dynasty give rise to the concept of?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Hundreds of thousands of years before China was to become the world's longest-running civilization, the prologue was enacted by means of the flicker of a carefully tended fire.
Sent 2: Peking Man, a forebear of Homo sapiens, achieved a mastery of fire.
Sent 3: We might call it the first Chinese invention.
Sent 4: Not that he devised flint and steel, matches, or any other way of creating fire.
Sent 5: Peking Man simply learned how to capture flame, perhaps from a forest fire, and keep it alight.
Sent 6: He thus enjoyed two revolutionary luxuries: light and heat.
Sent 7: Technologically and sociologically, it was a phenomenal breakthrough: with fire, communities could live year 'round in one cave, in which cooking and even smelting could be pursued.
Sent 8: And so, by 600,000 b.c., about 50 km (31 miles) southwest of present-day Beijing, the ancestors of mankind were ready to settle down.
Sent 9: Several hundred thousand years later, when Marco Polo reached the capital of China, he was astonished by a further development in fire technology.
Sent 10: The Chinese, he announced, used black stones dug out of mountains as fuel.
Sent 11: Europeans did not yet have a word for \"coal,\" nor had they discovered a use for it.
Sent 12: The First Dynasty The confluence of mythology and history in China took place around 4,000 years ago during what is referred to as the Xia (Hsia) Dynasty.
Sent 13: This was still the Stone Age, but the people are thought to have made silk from thread produced by the worms they cultivated on the leaves of their mulberry trees.
Sent 14: And written language (which evolved as early as 4,500 to 5,000 years ago) was already in use, originally by oracles and then by official scribes\u00a0\u2014\u00a0China's first scholars.
Sent 15: During the second of the quasi-legendary dynasties, the Shang (from about the 16th to 11th centuries b.c.), the Chinese developed an interest in art.
Sent 16: Careful geometric designs as well as dragon and bird motifs adorned bowls and implements.
Sent 17: And with the arrival of the Bronze Age, the Chinese created bronze vessels of such beauty and originality that, until modern times, archaeologists refused to believe they were cast 3,000 years ago.
Sent 18: The Shang Dynasty gave rise to the concept of one Chinese nation under one government", "answer groups": ["Art", "One Chinese nation under one government"], "distractor groups": ["Fire", "Bowls", "Dragons"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: The first Chinese invention involved a master of what subject?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Hundreds of thousands of years before China was to become the world's longest-running civilization, the prologue was enacted by means of the flicker of a carefully tended fire.
Sent 2: Peking Man, a forebear of Homo sapiens, achieved a mastery of fire.
Sent 3: We might call it the first Chinese invention.
Sent 4: Not that he devised flint and steel, matches, or any other way of creating fire.
Sent 5: Peking Man simply learned how to capture flame, perhaps from a forest fire, and keep it alight.
Sent 6: He thus enjoyed two revolutionary luxuries: light and heat.
Sent 7: Technologically and sociologically, it was a phenomenal breakthrough: with fire, communities could live year 'round in one cave, in which cooking and even smelting could be pursued.
Sent 8: And so, by 600,000 b.c., about 50 km (31 miles) southwest of present-day Beijing, the ancestors of mankind were ready to settle down.
Sent 9: Several hundred thousand years later, when Marco Polo reached the capital of China, he was astonished by a further development in fire technology.
Sent 10: The Chinese, he announced, used black stones dug out of mountains as fuel.
Sent 11: Europeans did not yet have a word for \"coal,\" nor had they discovered a use for it.
Sent 12: The First Dynasty The confluence of mythology and history in China took place around 4,000 years ago during what is referred to as the Xia (Hsia) Dynasty.
Sent 13: This was still the Stone Age, but the people are thought to have made silk from thread produced by the worms they cultivated on the leaves of their mulberry trees.
Sent 14: And written language (which evolved as early as 4,500 to 5,000 years ago) was already in use, originally by oracles and then by official scribes\u00a0\u2014\u00a0China's first scholars.
Sent 15: During the second of the quasi-legendary dynasties, the Shang (from about the 16th to 11th centuries b.c.), the Chinese developed an interest in art.
Sent 16: Careful geometric designs as well as dragon and bird motifs adorned bowls and implements.
Sent 17: And with the arrival of the Bronze Age, the Chinese created bronze vessels of such beauty and originality that, until modern times, archaeologists refused to believe they were cast 3,000 years ago.
Sent 18: The Shang Dynasty gave rise to the concept of one Chinese nation under one government", "answer groups": ["Capturing fire", "Fire"], "distractor groups": ["Art", "Silk trade", "Civilization"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is the successor named following Michael Reupke's resignation?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Reuters Holdings PLC said Michael Reupke resigned as general manager to pursue unspecified interests, a move the news organization termed an \"amicable separation.\"
Sent 2: Mr. Reupke, 52 years old and a 27-year Reuters veteran, had been the information-services company's general manager for only six months.
Sent 3: His appointment to that post, which has senior administrative, staff and policy responsibilities, followed a several-year tenure as Reuters's editor in chief.
Sent 4: No successor was named, and Mr. Reupke's duties will be split among three other senior Reuters executives, the company said.
Sent 5: In a telephone interview, Mr. Reupke said his departure was for \"personal reasons,\" which he declined to specify.
Sent 6: \"There is no business reason for my departure,\" nor any disagreement over policy, he added.
Sent 7: He also rejected reports that his departure stemmed from disappointment the general manager's post hadn't also led to a board directorship at the London-based news organization.
Sent 8: Mr. Reupke was one of three executives on Reuters's eight-person executive committee who didn't also serve on the company's board of directors.
Sent 9: \"If I were choosing the people of tomorrow, I would have chosen the people who are now on the board,\" he said.
Sent 10: A Reuters spokesman said the departure reflects \"no change in strategy or profits.\"
Sent 11: Mark Shepperd, an analyst at UBS Philips & Drew in London, said, \"I suspect (the departure) will be fairly irrelevant for the company.
Sent 12: I would be very surprised if his departure signals any change in strategy or change in profit expectations.\"
Sent 13: On London's Stock Exchange, Reuters shares rose five pence to 913 pence (14.43).
Sent 14: In the U.S. over-the-counter market, American depositary shares for Reuters, each representing three shares in the London market, closed unchanged at 43.875.
Sent 15: The senior of the three executives who will assume Mr. Reupke's duties is Nigel Judah, 58, finance director and a Reuters board director.
Sent 16: Peter Holland, 45, deputy general manager, becomes director of corporate affairs.
Sent 17: And Patrick Mannix, 46, international technical manager, becomes director of group quality programs", "answer groups": ["Nigel Judah", "Peter Holland", "No successor was named. Reupke's duties will be split among three other senior Reuters executives"], "distractor groups": ["Michael Smith"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where do X-rays, come from?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Our sun and other stars release light energy.
Sent 2: At least this is what we see.
Sent 3: Our Sun and stars also emit more than just light.
Sent 4: Scientists call the type of energy that our Sun and stars release electromagnetic energy.
Sent 5: This form of energy travels through space.
Sent 6: Electromagnetic energy includes the light we see.
Sent 7: It also includes much more.
Sent 8: Many of these things we know about, but dont always think about.
Sent 9: Electromagnetic energy includes radio waves, microwaves, and X rays.
Sent 10: We now have devices in our homes and offices that release these same forms of energy.
Sent 11: We use electromagnetic energy to make our lives better", "answer groups": ["The sun and other stars", "Electromagnetic energy"], "distractor groups": ["From the hospital", "Earth"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What were the specimens of penmanship shown for?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: She led the way into the cheerful schoolroom, where big girls and little girls were sitting about, amusing themselves in the quiet of a long Sunday afternoon.
Sent 2: Several of the younger children ran to her as she came in, and stood holding fast to the folds of her black habit, staring up at the strangers, while she explained the kind of instruction given, the system, and the order reigning in each department.
Sent 3: Finally, she persuaded a little girl, only six years old, to take her dusky face out of the long flowing veil of the nun, and show how quickly she could read a sentence that Sister Winifred wrote on the blackboard.
Sent 4: Then others were called on, and gave examples of their accomplishments in easy arithmetic and spelling.
Sent 5: The children must have been very much bored with themselves that stormy Sunday, for they entered into the examination with a quite unnatural zest.
Sent 6: Two of the elder girls recited, and some specimens of penmanship and composition were shown.
Sent 7: The delicate complexion of the little nun flushed to a pretty wild-rose pink as these pupils of hers won the Colonel's old fashioned compliments", "answer groups": ["The examination", "To impress the Colonel"], "distractor groups": ["To win the prize"]}, {"question": " ''
Multi Label Question: Of the people who had initially entered Joe's house with an intention of cleaning it up, who didn't make it out at the end?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After his cousin Joe dies , Layne Vassimer and his girlfriend Macy , along with their friends Stephen , Maurice , Iris and Katrina , decide to clean up Joe's house with the intention of selling it .
Sent 2: When they see it for the first time , they discover the house completely covered in plates of iron armor .
Sent 3: The group also finds crop circles in the nearby cornfield .
Sent 4: When Iris , one of their friends , suddenly disappears they realize something is really wrong .
Sent 5: During a blackout , the house is attacked by aliens , who had previously killed Joe and abducted Iris .
Sent 6: The group figures out the aliens are allergic to iron , Joe had covered the house in it to keep them out .
Sent 7: They attempt to fight the aliens off , but the house is eventually blown up with Layne , Macy , and Katrina the only survivors .
Sent 8: In the end , they drive off , listening to the radio .
Sent 9: They hear a news report stating that the blackout they experienced affects five western states and parts of Canada .
Sent 10: They also hear that people everywhere are being attacked by `` strange creatures ", "answer groups": ["Stephen, Maurice and Iris", "Stephen, Iris, Maurice"], "distractor groups": ["Layne, macy, katrina"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Along with Abu Hoshar, who was one of the 15 terrorists arrested by Jordanian authorities?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In chapters 3 and 4 we described how the U.S. government adjusted its existing agencies and capacities to address the emerging threat from Usama Bin Laden and his associates.
Sent 2: After the August 1998 bombings of the American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, President Bill Clinton and his chief aides explored ways of getting Bin Laden expelled from Afghanistan or possibly capturing or even killing him.
Sent 3: Although disruption efforts around the world had achieved some successes, the core of Bin Laden's organization remained intact.
Sent 4: President Clinton was deeply concerned about Bin Laden.
Sent 5: He and his national security advisor, Samuel \"Sandy\" Berger, ensured they had a special daily pipeline of reports feeding them the latest updates on Bin Laden's reported location.
Sent 6: In public, President Clinton spoke repeatedly about the threat of terrorism, referring to terrorist training camps but saying little about Bin Laden and nothing about al Qaeda.
Sent 7: He explained to us that this was deliberate-intended to avoid enhancing Bin Laden's stature by giving him unnecessary publicity.
Sent 8: His speeches focused especially on the danger of nonstate actors and of chemical and biological weapons.
Sent 9: As the millennium approached, the most publicized worries were not about terrorism but about computer breakdowns-the Y2K scare.
Sent 10: Some government officials were concerned that terrorists would take advantage of such breakdowns.
Sent 11: On November 30, 1999, Jordanian intelligence intercepted a telephone call between Abu Zubaydah, a longtime ally of Bin Laden, and Khadr Abu Hoshar, a Palestinian extremist.
Sent 12: Abu Zubaydah said, \"The time for training is over.\"
Sent 13: Suspecting that this was a signal for Abu Hoshar to commence a terrorist operation, Jordanian police arrested Abu Hoshar and 15 others and informed Washington.
Sent 14: One of the 16, Raed Hijazi, had been born in California to Palestinian parents; after spending his childhood in the Middle East, he had returned to northern California, taken refuge in extremist Islamist beliefs, and then made his way to Abu Zubaydah's Khaldan camp in Afghanistan, where he learned the fundamentals of guerrilla warfare.
Sent 15: He and his younger brother had been recruited by Abu Hoshar into a loosely knit plot to attack Jewish and American targets in Jordan.
Sent 16: After late 1996, when Abu Hoshar was arrested and jailed, Hijazi moved back to the United States, worked as a cabdriver in Boston, and sent money back to his fellow plotters.
Sent 17: After Abu Hoshar's release, Hijazi shuttled between Boston and Jordan gathering money and supplies.
Sent 18: With Abu Hoshar, he recruited inTurkey and Syria as well as Jordan; with Abu Zubaydah's assistance, Abu Hoshar sent these recruits to Afghanistan for training", "answer groups": ["Raed Hijazi", "Hijazi"], "distractor groups": ["Abu Hoshar", "Antything else", "Bin Laden", "Abu Zubaydah", "Usama Bin Laden", "Bill Clinton"]}, {"question": " Roy Barnes' career choice different from previous governors?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Defeated last month for re-election, Gov. Roy Barnes announced Tuesday that he will spend his first six months out of office as an unpaid attorney for the Atlanta Legal Aid Society, where he will represent poor people.
Sent 2: \"One day I'll probably do some legal work that I will charge a handsome fee for - at least I hope there are those that are still willing to pay,\" he told reporters.
Sent 3: \"But for now, I think it is important to fulfill my duty as a lawyer to help those who need it the most, to speak for those who cannot speak for themselves and to defend those whose life and livelihoods depend on it,\" he said.
Sent 4: Previous governors have gone to prestigious law firms, joined corporate boards or returned to thriving businesses.
Sent 5: \"I don't think I've ever heard of anybody doing this before,\" Emory University political science professor Merle Black said.
Sent 6: \"If he's actually going to represent individuals for that organization, they're going to get great representation.
Sent 7: You're going to get some powerful legal muscle there,\" Mr. Black said.
Sent 8: Mr. Barnes said he already has his first case, but he wouldn't say what it is.
Sent 9: Atlanta Legal Aid provides civil services to poor people in five metro Atlanta counties.
Sent 10: Mr. Barnes said he was hoping to send a message to other lawyers.
Sent 11: \"This privilege to practice law is just that - it's a privilege.
Sent 12: And it comes with a cost and it comes with a bill .
Sent 13: We as lawyers have a responsibility to make sure that everyone, regardless of whether they can afford it or not, has quality representation.
Sent 14: And if we don't do that, then we're not much of a profession,\" he said.
Sent 15: Steven Gottlieb, the society's executive director, said, \"I can't imagine anything that could be better than to have the governor of the state, in his first act as a private citizen, donate six months of his time to represent poor people .
: How is Gov", "answer groups": ["He is working for free at a legal aid society rather than joining a prestigious law firm or business", "Previous governors have gone to prestigious law firms, joined corporate boards or returned to thriving businesses"], "distractor groups": ["Previous governors are working with Roy Barnes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did the Indonesian military perpetrate human rights abuses?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Powell contended that it was not inconsistent to want to foster cooperation even with an organization like the Indonesian military, which has a history of human rights abuses.
Sent 2: \"If you get young officers, expose them to a military organization that is within a democratic political institution, such as the United States, then that rubs off on them,\" he said.
Sent 3: In Malaysia, Powell met with Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, who has led the country since 1981.
Sent 4: The Malaysian foreign minister, Syed Hamid Albar, later told local reporters that Powell had proposed that American and Malaysian officials review the idea of forming a regional training center in Malaysia to coordinate antiterrorism activities.
Sent 5: His brief stop in Malaysia also highlighted the moral ambiguities of the effort to prevent terrorism and its emphasis on cooperation with governments that the United States has often criticized.
Sent 6: The United States once distanced itself from Mahathir for strong-arm tactics with political rivals, and human rights groups criticize him for arresting and jailing scores of suspected militants, including some who may be linked to al-Qaida, without trial.
Sent 7: Powell said his discussions with Mahathir \"touched on the case\" of his former deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, who is serving a 15-year sentence on charges of sodomy and abuse of power after trials that Powell said the United States had \"always felt\" were flawed.
Sent 8: The assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, James Kelly, met on Tuesday morning with Anwar's wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, for what she later told Malaysian reporters was a discussion about both the detention of her husband and six supporters, and the campaign against terrorism", "answer groups": ["Because that is how they were trained", "In an attempt to prevent terrorism", "They didn't operate within a democratic political institution"], "distractor groups": ["Got paid very little", "Because this is what was done"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Whose names and praises were in everyone's mouths?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: What a time of it Dawson's Landing was having!
Sent 2: All its life it had been asleep, but now it hardly got a chance for a nod, so swiftly did big events and crashing surprises come along in one another's wake: Friday morning, first glimpse of Real Nobility, also grand reception at Aunt Patsy Cooper's, also great robber raid; Friday evening, dramatic kicking of the heir of the chief citizen in presence of four hundred people; Saturday morning, emergence as practicing lawyer of the long-submerged Pudd'nhead Wilson; Saturday night, duel between chief citizen and titled stranger.
Sent 3: The people took more pride in the duel than in all the other events put together, perhaps.
Sent 4: It was a glory to their town to have such a thing happen there.
Sent 5: In their eyes the principals had reached the summit of human honor.
Sent 6: Everybody paid homage to their names; their praises were in all mouths.
Sent 7: Even the duelists' subordinates came in for a handsome share of the public approbation: wherefore Pudd'nhead Wilson was suddenly become a man of consequence.
Sent 8: When asked to run for the mayoralty Saturday night, he was risking defeat, but Sunday morning found him a made man and his success assured", "answer groups": ["The duelists'", "The principals of the duel", "The chief citizen and Pudd'nhead Wilson"], "distractor groups": ["The names of the 400 people present for the dramatic kicking of the heir of the chief citizen", "Aunt Patsy Cooper's", "The town's"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Outside of posing the humanitarian question, what else did the emancipation serve?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Soon after the conclusion of peace, important changes were made in legislation concerning industry and commerce, and the new freedom thus afforded produced a large number of limited liability companies.
Sent 2: Plans were formed for building a great network of railways, partly for the purpose of developing the natural resources of the country, and partly for the purpose of increasing its power for defense and attack.
Sent 3: The existence of serfdom was tackled boldly, taking advantage of a petition presented by the Polish landed proprietors of the Lithuanian provinces and, hoping that their relations with the serfs might be regulated in a more satisfactory way (meaning in a way more satisfactory for the proprietors), he authorized the formation of committees \"for ameliorating the condition of the peasants,\" and laid down the principles on which the amelioration was to be effected.
Sent 4: This step had been followed by one even more significant.
Sent 5: Without consulting his ordinary advisers, Alexander ordered the Minister of the Interior to send a circular to the provincial governors of European Russia (serfdom was rare in other parts), containing a copy of the instructions forwarded to the Governor-General of Lithuania, praising the supposed generous, patriotic intentions of the Lithuanian landed proprietors, and suggesting that perhaps the landed proprietors of other provinces might express a similar desire.
Sent 6: The hint was taken: in all provinces where serfdom existed, emancipation committees were formed.
Sent 7: The emancipation was not merely a humanitarian question capable of being solved instantaneously by imperial ukase.
Sent 8: It contained very complicated problems, deeply affecting the economic, social and political future of the nation.
Sent 9: Alexander had to choose between the different measures recommended to him and decide if the serfs would become agricultural laborers dependent economically and administratively on the landlords or if the serfs would be transformed into a class of independent communal proprietors.
Sent 10: The emperor gave his support to the latter project, and the Russian peasantry became one of the last groups of peasants in Europe to shake off serfdom.
Sent 11: The architects of the emancipation manifesto were Alexander's brother Konstantin, Yakov Rostovtsev, and Nikolay Milyutin.
Sent 12: On 3 March 1861, 6 years after his accession, the emancipation law was signed and published", "answer groups": ["Issues deeply affecting the economic, social and political future of the nation", "The economic, social and political future of the nation"], "distractor groups": ["The architects of the emancipation manifesto", "The existence of serfdom"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the shape of the urn, what were the specific artifacts were found in it and who did they belong too?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The film begins with members of the Catholic Church digging up the body of a 19th century church official , whose casket has a box-shaped urn chained to it .
Sent 2: Inside the box they discover artifacts belonging to Mater Lachrymarum , the last surviving member of the Three Mothers ; an ancient trio of powerful black witches .
Sent 3: In particular , the box contains a magic cloak that , when worn by Mater Lachrymarum , increases her powers significantly .
Sent 4: The urn is shipped to the Museum of Ancient Art in Rome , where Sarah Mandy , an American studying art restorationworks .
Sent 5: Sarah is dating the curator Michael Pierce , a single father who is away from the museum that night .
Sent 6: With help from the assistant curator , Sarah opens the box and finds the cloak , a dagger , and three statues representing the three witches .
Sent 7: Sending Sarah to her office to retrieve tools to help her translate the text on the artifacts , the curator is promptly attacked by the demonic agents of Mater Lachrymarum .
Sent 8: Sarah arrives too late to save her boss and starts to flee the museum .
Sent 9: Unfortunately , she is pursued by Mater Lachrymarum 's familiar and is only able to escape when a disembodied voice magically throws open a series of locked doors keeping her trapped inside the museum .
Sent 10: Sarah tells the police what happened as she spends the night with Michael and his son .
Sent 11: Michael visits the Cardinal who sent him the urn only to find out that , shortly after mailing the urn to him , he had a severe stroke and is now in a coma ", "answer groups": ["Mater Lachrymarum", "The Urn was box shaped and a (magical) cloak, a dagger and three statues were found all of which belonged to Mater Lachrymarum", "A magic cloak", "A box-shape"], "distractor groups": ["A hat", "A triangle", "Sarah"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does the train move?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Take a look at this train in Figure 1.11.
Sent 2: It looks very futuristic.
Sent 3: What do you notice about it?
Sent 4: Did you notice that the train has no wheels?
Sent 5: How can a train have no wheels?
Sent 6: It doesn't need wheels.
Sent 7: It actually floats, or levitates, just above the track.
Sent 8: Magnets enable the train to do this.
Sent 9: This is not a normal train.
Sent 10: This is a maglev train.
Sent 11: The word maglev stands for magnetic levitation.
Sent 12: Because it has no wheels, there is no friction.
Sent 13: Some magnets hold the train up.
Sent 14: Other magnets are used to move the train forward.
Sent 15: This train can go very fast.
Sent 16: It can reach speeds up to 480 kilometers (300 miles) per hour!
Sent 17: Magnets are pretty cool.
Sent 18: What exactly is a magnet?
Sent 19: How is it able to exert such force", "answer groups": ["The train uses magnets to move", "Magnets are used to keep the train up and move it forwards at speeds up to 480 kilometers (300 miles) per hour!", "Magnets are used to move it forward"], "distractor groups": ["Coal", "Electricity", "Air pressure", "Steam", "Future"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did the Hellfire warhead need work?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The CIA's senior management saw problems with the armed Predator as well, problems that Clarke and even Black and Allen were inclined to minimize.
Sent 2: One (which also applied to reconnaissance flights) was money.
Sent 3: A Predator cost about 3 million.
Sent 4: If the CIA flew Predators for its own reconnaissance or covert action purposes, it might be able to borrow them from the Air Force, but it was not clear that the Air Force would bear the cost if a vehicle went down.
Sent 5: Deputy Secretary of Defense Wolfowitz took the position that the CIA should have to pay for it; the CIA disagreed.
Sent 6: Second, Tenet in particular questioned whether he, as Director of Central Intelligence, should operate an armed Predator.\"
Sent 7: This was new ground,\"he told us.
Sent 8: Tenet ticked off key questions: What is the chain of command?
Sent 9: Who takes the shot?
Sent 10: Are America's leaders comfortable with the CIA doing this, going outside of normal military command and control?
Sent 11: Charlie Allen told us that when these questions were discussed at the CIA, he and the Agency's executive director, A. B.\" Buzzy\" Krongard, had said that either one of them would be happy to pull the trigger, but Tenet was appalled, telling them that they had no authority to do it, nor did he.
Sent 12: Third, the Hellfire warhead carried by the Predator needed work.
Sent 13: It had been built to hit tanks, not people.
Sent 14: It needed to be designed to explode in a different way, and even then had to be targeted with extreme precision.
Sent 15: In the configuration planned by the Air Force through mid-2001, the Predator's missile would not be able to hit a moving vehicle.
Sent 16: White House officials had seen the Predator video of the \"man in white.\"
Sent 17: On July 11, Hadley tried to hurry along preparation of the armed system.
Sent 18: He directed McLaughlin, Wolfowitz, and Joint Chiefs Vice Chairman Richard Myers to deploy Predators capable of being armed no later than September 1", "answer groups": ["It was designed to destroy tanks and needed to be re-designed to explode in a different way, and configured for precision strikes on moving vehicles", "It had been built to hit tanks, not people"], "distractor groups": ["It was malfunctioning", "Warhead"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who believes that 'some changes are in order', what other lawyer regularly handles these kinds of cases (PFA's) and what are their job titles?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: If you beat a dog in Schuylkill County, you'll probably get a 100 fine.
Sent 2: If you repeatedly beat a woman, you'll probably get the same fine.
Sent 3: In 2001, county judges heard 98 Protection From Abuse cases, finding the defendant guilty in 48 percent of those cases, either after a hearing or through a technical violation or plea.
Sent 4: Of those found guilty, the majority were ordered to pay court costs, plus a 100 fine.
Sent 5: No defendants were ordered to pay more than a 250 fine for violating the court order.
Sent 6: In 27 percent of the cases, the charges were dismissed or the defendant was found not guilty.
Sent 7: In the rest of the cases, charges were withdrawn or the matter is not yet resolved.
Sent 8: Sarah T. Casey, executive director of Schuylkill Women in Crisis, finds it disturbing that in most cases, the fine for violating a PFA is little more than the fine someone would get for cruelty and abuse toward an animal.
Sent 9: \"In most of the counties surrounding Schuylkill County, the penalties given for indirect criminal contempt are much stiffer than those in Schuylkill County,\" Casey said.
Sent 10: \"What kind of message are we sending those who repeatedly violate Protection From Abuse orders?
Sent 11: That it's OK to abuse women in Schuylkill County, because you'll only get a slap on the wrist?\"
Sent 12: Under state law, the minimum fine for contempt of a PFA is 100; the maximum fine is 1,000 and up to six months in jail.
Sent 13: Like others who are familiar with how the county's legal system does and doesn't work for victims of domestic violence, Casey believes some changes are in order.
Sent 14: Valerie West, a manager/attorney with Mid-Penn Legal Services, with offices in Pottsville and Reading, regularly handles domestic violence cases.
Sent 15: She finds fault with the local requirement that a custody order must be established within 30 days after a PFA is filed.
Sent 16: West said she feels a custody order should be allowed to stand for the full term of the PFA - up to 18 months - as it does in many other counties in the state.
Sent 17: \"It places an undue burden on the plaintiff, in terms of cost, finding legal representation and facing their abuser - not to mention a further burden on the system to provide those services,\" West said.
Sent 18: \"It may be difficult for the parties to reach an agreement so soon after violence has occurred", "answer groups": ["Sarah T. Casey, executive director of Schuylkill Women in Crisis and Valerie West, a manager/attorney with Mid-Penn Legal Services", "Sarah T. Casey and Valerie West, a manager", "Attorney with Mid-Penn Legal Services"], "distractor groups": ["Judges", "Manager"]}, {"question": "
Sent 18: The other part stayed with Europe.
Multi Label Question: Who thought that the rocks must have formed side by side", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Have you ever looked closely at a globe?
Sent 2: That continents look like a giant jig-saw puzzle.
Sent 3: North America looks like it could fit next to Europe.
Sent 4: The edge of South America matches Africa.
Sent 5: Scientists noticed these same features.
Sent 6: It caused them to start asking questions.
Sent 7: They wanted to know if these continents were was connected?
Sent 8: If so, how can something so large move so far?
Sent 9: What could possibly have enough force to move such a giant slab of rock?
Sent 10: Is there other evidence that can provide clues to the past positions of continents?
Sent 11: How can answering these questions help us?
Sent 12: A scientist named Alfred Wegener had these same questions.
Sent 13: Wegener look at rocks on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.
Sent 14: He noticed they were the same type and age.
Sent 15: He thought that the rocks must have formed side by side.
Sent 16: He proposed that the rocks then drifted apart.
Sent 17: One part went with North America", "answer groups": ["Alfred Wegener", "Wegener"], "distractor groups": ["Tom Michaels", "Europe", "Researcher"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who has been having an affair with McIlvain's wife, a situation his own wife is aware of?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Sam Farragut is a sociopathic business executive in Southern California who forces a team of advertising agency employees to embark on a dangerous dirtbike trip to the Baja California desert in order to compete for his business .
Sent 2: The men are Warren Summerfield , a suicidal middle-aged ad executive who has been fired from the agency ; the straightlaced Paul McIlvain who is inattentive to his wife , and brash art designer Maxon who feels suddenly trapped after his girlfriend announces she is pregnant .
Sent 3: There are numerous long sequences of motorcycle riding on desert backroads .
Sent 4: Summerfield has been having an affair with McIlvian's wife .
Sent 5: He has not told his wife that he was fired and is simply serving out his tenure at the agency while looking for a new position .
Sent 6: His wife is actually aware of the affair .
Sent 7: Farragut convinces the ad men to make the motorcycle journey on the pretext of looking for a location to shoot a commercial .
Sent 8: In reality , Farragut is reckless and looking to involve the men in spontaneous edgy adventure of his own manipulation .
Sent 9: After they leave , McIlvain's wife suspects that Summerfield is planning to kill himself for the insurance money , but she can not convince Summerfield's wife to instigate a search .
Sent 10: The four men travel deeper into Mexico on isolated dirt roads .
Sent 11: At one point Summerfield contemplates plunging off a cliff .
Sent 12: After being humiliated by a young American couple in a Baja bar , Farragut tracks them down on the beach while accompanied by Maxon ", "answer groups": ["Summerfield", "Warren Summerfield"], "distractor groups": ["Mcllvain", "McIlvian's wife", "Sam Farragut", "Paul McIlvain", "Maxon", "The girlfriend", "Farragut", "The young American couple"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Who rented a small house on Vega IV?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Let me begin again.
Sent 2: I like life on the resort worlds -- always have and, after the upcoming mindwipe, always will.
Sent 3: Last year, I rented a small house on Vega IV, a sea world, all islands and reefs and archipelagos, turquoise waters and aquamarine skies, sunrises like symphonies and sunsets like stars gone supernova.
Sent 4: There's only one city: called Nuevo Acapulco in La Enciclopedia del Empirio de la Humanidad, it's N'apulco to the locals.
Sent 5: The N'apulcans are mostly emigrants from Polaris II; the only difference between them and their Carribbean ancestors is that the ancestors fleeced NorAm tourists.
Sent 6: Now the N'apulcans profit from their Hispanic siblings.
Sent 7: I don't mean to sound cynical.
Sent 8: I suppose I wish to show that I'm still capable of a certain authorial distance, a semblance of dispassionate observation.
Sent 9: The following events may indicate otherwise.
Sent 10: In fine tourist tradition, most homes on Vega IV are named.
Sent 11: Mine was The Sleeping Flamingo, and its outer walls were coral pink.
Sent 12: Were they mood-sensitive, they would have changed as I first viewed them.
Sent 13: The rental agent, an attractive N'apulcan named Tasha Cortez, was not mood-sensitive either.
Sent 14: She said, \"It's beautiful, isn't it, Se\u00f1or Flynn?\"
Sent 15: My instinct was to gesture curtly with a cupped hand that she lift the wind boat and take me elsewhere.
Sent 16: But she was young and attractive (as I have said and may say again) and eager and so happy to be assisting the infamous Bernardo Flynn that I merely raised an eyebrow in mild scepticism.
Sent 17: And then, because a playwright cannot resist a promising line, I said, \"Your Sleeping Flamingo should be put to sleep", "answer groups": ["Senor Flynn", "The narrator", "Bernardo Flynn", "Flynn"], "distractor groups": ["Polaris II", "Tasha Cortez", "Nuevo Acapulco", "Sleeping Flamingo"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the Greeks call the early Stone Age inhabitants?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Little is known of the earliest Stone Age inhabitants of Europe's southwestern extremity.
Sent 2: The ancient Greeks called them the Cynetes (or Cunetes).
Sent 3: Whatever their origins, their culture evolved under the pressure and influence of foreign forces.
Sent 4: Among the many invading armies that settled here and contributed to nascent Portuguese culture were Phoenicians, who settled in the area around 1,000 b.c., followed by the Celts, Iberians, Greeks, and Carthaginians.
Sent 5: But it was the Romans, who arrived late in the third century b.c., who most greatly influenced all of Iberia.
Sent 6: They built towns, industries, roads, and bridges, developed agriculture, and bequeathed the Latin language, of which Portuguese is a direct descendant.
Sent 7: The Romans named the southwestern province of the peninsula Lusitania, oddly enough for one of the Celtiberian tribes they defeated, and by the third century a.d.
Sent 8: had introduced Christianity.
Sent 9: By the beginning of the fourth century the Algarve had a bishop in place, based in Faro.
Sent 10: But Rome had already fallen into decay, and soon hordes of northern tribesmen took over the empire.
Sent 11: The Algarve fell to the Visigoths in the mid-fifth century.
Sent 12: Under Moorish Rule In a.d.
Sent 13: 711, the Moors brought powerful armies from North Africa and launched a devastating attack on the Iberian peninsula, conquering much of what would become Spain and Portugal.
Sent 14: They imposed Islam and left an indelible influence on the countryside and the population of the Algarve.
Sent 15: The Moorish legacy can still be seen in the form of wells and waterwheels, squat white houses, the dark complexions of the people, and in the very name given the region\u00a0\u2014\u00a0taken from Al-Gharb, which means \"country of the west\" (when the Moors conquered the territory, it was the most westerly in the known world).
Sent 16: The Moors governed their Iberian kingdoms from across the border in Seville, but the Algarve had its own regional capital and huge, invulnerable fortress.
Sent 17: The capital was Chelb (or Xelb), and it was bigger and better defended than Lisbon.
Sent 18: Today the town, known as Silves, is a provincial outpost whose only besiegers are busloads of tourists who climb the narrow streets up to the old Moorish ramparts", "answer groups": ["The Cynetes (or Cunetes)", "Cunetes", "Cynetes"], "distractor groups": ["Xelb", "Chelb", "Europe\u00e2\u0080\u0099s southwestern extremity", "Stone age", "Libson", "Lisbon", "Phoenicians"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the paper that was influential in the development of quantum mechanics about?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Einstein was displeased with quantum theory and mechanics (the very theory he helped create), despite its acceptance by other physicists, stating that God \"is not playing at dice.\"
Sent 2: Einstein continued to maintain his disbelief in the theory, and attempted unsuccessfully to disprove it until he died at the age of 76.
Sent 3: In 1917, at the height of his work on relativity, Einstein published an article in Physikalische Zeitschrift that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, the physical process that makes possible the maser and the laser.
Sent 4: This article showed that the statistics of absorption and emission of light would only be consistent with Planck's distribution law if the emission of light into a mode with n photons would be enhanced statistically compared to the emission of light into an empty mode.
Sent 5: This paper was enormously influential in the later development of quantum mechanics, because it was the first paper to show that the statistics of atomic transitions had simple laws.
Sent 6: Einstein discovered Louis de Broglie's work, and supported his ideas, which were received skeptically at first.
Sent 7: In another major paper from this era, Einstein gave a wave equation for de Broglie waves, which Einstein suggested was the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of mechanics.
Sent 8: This paper would inspire Schrodinger's work of 1926", "answer groups": ["Statistics of absorption and emission of light", "Article in Physikalische Zeitschrift"], "distractor groups": ["Schrodinger's work of 1926", "Physikalische Zeitschrift"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are some ways besides latitude and longitude in which people describe location?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: How can you describe your location?
Sent 2: You might use a familiar system.
Sent 3: You might say, 'I live at 1234 Main Street, Springfield, Ohio.' You could also say, 'I live right behind the Elementary School.' This method uses the school as a point of reference.
Sent 4: Another example is, I am at the corner of Maple Street and Main Street. Both streets may be a good reference for anyone living in your town.
Sent 5: Scientists must be able to pinpoint a feature they are studying.
Sent 6: Scientists use a special system to describe locations.
Sent 7: They use latitude and longitude as a reference.
Sent 8: Lines of latitude and longitude form a grid.
Sent 9: You may have used a grid system while doing graphing.
Sent 10: This grid is centered on a reference point.
Sent 11: Zero latitude is the equator.
Sent 12: Lines of latitude run east to west.
Sent 13: They divide the Earth from North to South.
Sent 14: Lines of longitude run from north to south.
Sent 15: They divide the Earth from East to West.
Sent 16: Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England.
Sent 17: You may have heard the term, Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT.
Sent 18: The system of latitude and longitude works well for objects that do not move", "answer groups": ["Using a landmark or cross streets as a point of reference", "Address", "Landmarks", "Street cross sections", "By reference to well known locations"], "distractor groups": ["Polar region", "By polar coordinates", "Phone number"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Einstein pretend to be mistaken for Professor Einstein?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In the period before World War II, the New York Times published a vignette in their \"The Talk of the Town\" feature saying that Einstein was so well known in America that he would be stopped on the street by people wanting him to explain \"that theory\".
Sent 2: He finally figured out a way to handle the incessant inquiries.
Sent 3: He told his inquirers \"Pardon me, sorry!
Sent 4: Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein.\"
Sent 5: Einstein has been the subject of or inspiration for many novels, films, plays, and works of music.
Sent 6: He is a favorite model for depictions of mad scientists and absent-minded professors; his expressive face and distinctive hairstyle have been widely copied and exaggerated.
Sent 7: Time magazine's Frederic Golden wrote that Einstein was \"a cartoonist's dream come true\"", "answer groups": ["To handle inquirers", "To handle the incessant inquires", "To avoid inquiries in street"], "distractor groups": ["He was a wanted criminal", "He was a spy"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was tortured in homeland and who caught her?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After becoming disabled in a machete attack on a visit to his native Haiti, Jean-Claude Joseph needed help persuading his landlord to move him from a fifth-floor apartment to one on the ground floor.
Sent 2: Isaac Benjamin became ensnared in a bureaucratic snafu that took away his Social Security disability payments for more than two years.
Sent 3: The story of Martha, a woman from Sierra Leone, was more compelling.
Sent 4: Beaten, raped and tortured in her politically repressive homeland, she knowingly used someone else's passport to escape to America, but was caught by immigration authorities upon her arrival.
Sent 5: She desperately sought political asylum.
Sent 6: Not the kind of cases that lead to ground-breaking upheavals in the law, but the kind of cases that are handled day in and day out by lawyers for the legally disenfranchised who have no where else to turn.
Sent 7: The work of attorneys from Legal Services of New Jersey will be highlighted in a onehour documentary, \"Quest for Justice,\" to be aired 9 p.m.
Sent 8: today on New Jersey Network.
Sent 9: Produced by NYD2, a communications firm based in Somerset, the documentary features case histories of clients whose needs ranged from housing to fighting off deportation.
Sent 10: Joseph, a 54-year-old naturalized citizen, turned to Legal Services when the landlord of his federally subsidized apartment complex in Elizabeth turned a deaf ear to his request for a ground-floor apartment.
Sent 11: Having lost the use of his left arm in warding off the machete attack during a robbery attempt, Joseph said he found it increasingly difficult to negotiate the five flights of stairs lugging groceries or laundry on the frequent occasions when the building's elevator was out of order.
Sent 12: \"With this, it became impossible for me to stay upstairs,\" he said, pointing to the scars on his forearm.
Sent 13: \"If I cannot carry my groceries or my laundry, how can I live?\"
Sent 14: \"It was a compelling case,\" said Legal Services attorney Stephen St. Hilaire.
Sent 15: \"The key for us -- and we have to make tough decisions all the time on whether to take a case -- was visualizing what he had to do to get to the fifth floor, struggling with a bag of groceries,\" he said.
Sent 16: Benjamin, 53, of Jersey City had been collecting Social Security disability after undergoing double bypass surgery when the checks stopped coming.
Sent 17: He said the agency claimed he had failed to return a form updating the condition of his health.
Sent 18: \"But what got me was they didn't let me know they didn't get it, they just cut me off,\" he said, adding he found it impossible to negotiate the Social Security bureaucracy himself", "answer groups": ["Martha", "Immigration", "Martha was tortured in homeland and she was caught by immigration authorities while escaping", "Martha, Immigration authorities"], "distractor groups": ["Fred", "Stephen St. Hilaire", "The cops"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What circumstances threatened to relegate Las Vegas to the status of a small desert community that could no longer support its 3000 residents?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dam Good Luck: From the beginning, Las Vegas was built to serve travelers.
Sent 2: The railroad needed a way station, and Las Vegas was the place.
Sent 3: Growth continued for ten years, and by 1915 the town had telephones, round-the-clock electricity, and a growing population\u2002\u2014\u2002many of whom worked in the railroad repair shop.
Sent 4: But such heady progress would soon come to a halt.
Sent 5: The growing competition in rail transport resulted in Union Pacific buying the Los Angeles\u2013Salt Lake line.
Sent 6: Union Pacific then consolidated its operations, eliminating the Las Vegas repair facility.
Sent 7: Additionally, Las Vegas had been made a part of Nevada's new Clark County in 1909, a year when the legislature also outlawed gambling.
Sent 8: These unfortunate circumstances threatened to relegate Las Vegas to the status of a small desert community that could no longer support its 3000 residents.
Sent 9: But the southwest's growing need for water, combined with Las Vegas's fortuitous proximity to the Colorado River, would give Las Vegas a second chance to achieve prosperity.
Sent 10: Construction on Hoover Dam (originally Boulder Dam, subsequently renamed for the president who authorized the project) began in 1931 in a canyon 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Las Vegas.
Sent 11: Providing an influx of 165 million to the southwestern economy, Hoover Dam played a major role in preventing Las Vegas from drying up, both financially and literally.
Sent 12: Not only did it create jobs, but it also created Lake Mead, the massive reservoir that today provides water to all of southern Nevada.
Sent 13: More Government Help: The construction of Hoover Dam did not single-handedly save Las Vegas, however.
Sent 14: The state legislature helped as well, by legalizing gambling in 1931 and thus solidifying the future of the town, though legislators and residents could never have known this at the time.
Sent 15: The hordes of people who attended Hoover Dam's 1935 dedication set the city's now-formidable public relations machine into action.
Sent 16: They went to work on what has become one of the lengthiest citywide tourism campaigns ever attempted.
Sent 17: It didn't take long for the city to establish itself as a wild-West town with an \"anything goes\" attitude.
Sent 18: Vices outlawed or heavily controlled elsewhere were legal here, available any hour of any day (or night)", "answer groups": ["Union Pacific consolidated its operations, eliminating the Las Vegas repair facility. As well, Las Vegas had been made a part of Nevada's new Clark County in 1909, a year when the legislature also outlawed gambling", "Union Pacific consolidating its' operations", "Elimination of railroad jobs and outlawing gambling", "Elimination of the Las Vegas repair facility and outlawing of gambling", "Clark County outlawing gambling"], "distractor groups": ["Growing competition and reducing population", "Construction of Hoover dam and legalizing gambling", "Creation of Lake Mead and desertification", "Drought and heat", "Influx of hordes of people", "Construction of the Hoover Dam", "The proximity of Las Vegas to the Colorado River"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What were the hands of the watch studded with?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Paul put the despised watch away And laid out before him his array Of stones and metals, and when the morning Struck the stones to their best adorning, He chose the brightest, and this new watch Was so light and thin it seemed to catch The sunlight's nothingness, and its gleam.
Sent 2: Topazes ran in a foamy stream Over the cover, the hands were studded With garnets, and seemed red roses, budded.
Sent 3: The face was of crystal, and engraved Upon it the figures flashed and waved With zircons, and beryls, and amethysts.
Sent 4: It took a week to make, and his trysts At night with the Shadow were his alone.
Sent 5: Paul swore not to speak till his task was done.
Sent 6: The night that the jewel was worthy to give.
Sent 7: Paul watched the long hours of daylight live To the faintest streak; then lit his light, And sharp against the wall's pure white The outline of the Shadow started Into form.
Sent 8: His burning-hearted Words so long imprisoned swelled To tumbling speech.
Sent 9: Like one compelled, He told the lady all his love, And holding out the watch above His head, he knelt, imploring some Littlest sign.
Sent 10: The Shadow was dumb", "answer groups": ["Garnets", "Garnets and seemed budded roses"], "distractor groups": ["Zircons", "Topazes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did a mastery of fire achieve for Peking Man?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Hundreds of thousands of years before China was to become the world's longest-running civilization, the prologue was enacted by means of the flicker of a carefully tended fire.
Sent 2: Peking Man, a forebear of Homo sapiens, achieved a mastery of fire.
Sent 3: We might call it the first Chinese invention.
Sent 4: Not that he devised flint and steel, matches, or any other way of creating fire.
Sent 5: Peking Man simply learned how to capture flame, perhaps from a forest fire, and keep it alight.
Sent 6: He thus enjoyed two revolutionary luxuries: light and heat.
Sent 7: Technologically and sociologically, it was a phenomenal breakthrough: with fire, communities could live year 'round in one cave, in which cooking and even smelting could be pursued.
Sent 8: And so, by 600,000 b.c., about 50 km (31 miles) southwest of present-day Beijing, the ancestors of mankind were ready to settle down.
Sent 9: Several hundred thousand years later, when Marco Polo reached the capital of China, he was astonished by a further development in fire technology.
Sent 10: The Chinese, he announced, used black stones dug out of mountains as fuel.
Sent 11: Europeans did not yet have a word for \"coal,\" nor had they discovered a use for it.
Sent 12: The First Dynasty The confluence of mythology and history in China took place around 4,000 years ago during what is referred to as the Xia (Hsia) Dynasty.
Sent 13: This was still the Stone Age, but the people are thought to have made silk from thread produced by the worms they cultivated on the leaves of their mulberry trees.
Sent 14: And written language (which evolved as early as 4,500 to 5,000 years ago) was already in use, originally by oracles and then by official scribes\u00a0\u2014\u00a0China's first scholars.
Sent 15: During the second of the quasi-legendary dynasties, the Shang (from about the 16th to 11th centuries b.c.), the Chinese developed an interest in art.
Sent 16: Careful geometric designs as well as dragon and bird motifs adorned bowls and implements.
Sent 17: And with the arrival of the Bronze Age, the Chinese created bronze vessels of such beauty and originality that, until modern times, archaeologists refused to believe they were cast 3,000 years ago.
Sent 18: The Shang Dynasty gave rise to the concept of one Chinese nation under one government", "answer groups": ["Light", "Heat", "Light and heat"], "distractor groups": ["Forest fires", "Food", "Chinese invention"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why is Porky having some difficulty with getting a room?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Porky is looking all over the big city for a hotel room , but due to a convention there are no vacancies .
Sent 2: Porky takes the only available vacancy at one hotel , but will have to share with Daffy Duck , who is a very loud , obnoxious and annoying sort .
Sent 3: Daffy introduces his invisible kangaroo friend `` Hymie '' , but Porky wo n't believe that .
Sent 4: Daffy spends the rest of the night annoying Porky : pestering him with questions , shaking the bed , spilling water from a glass , hogging the blanket and finally literally sending the both of them flying off the bed when Daffy kicks , and startles , Porky with his literally frozen feet .
Sent 5: Fed up with his antics , Porky stuffs Daffy in a pillow case and drops him out of the window .
Sent 6: As Porky goes back to bed , Daffy returns bandaged , but shakes them off and prepares to get revenge .
Sent 7: Daffy tricks the half-asleep pig into stepping out of a window thinking he 's boarding a train .
Sent 8: Daffy hides the window saying it 's `` too gruesome '' to watch .
Sent 9: Suddenly he hears train noises , and behind the shade , sees the still-drowsy Porky pulling away on an actual train and waving at Daffy .
Sent 10: Daffy finds this silly .
Sent 11: Then he bounces all around the room , `` Hoo-Hoo ! ''
Sent 12: - ing wildly ", "answer groups": ["There is a large convention being held in the city", "A convention in town", "There are no vacancies", "An event", "A convention"], "distractor groups": ["Duck migration", "He does not have any money", "A game", "Rooms are too expensive"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Whose father closed off Alexander's tomb to the public?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Alexander's body was laid in a gold anthropoid sarcophagus that was filled with honey, which was in turn placed in a gold casket.
Sent 2: According to Aelian, a seer called Aristander foretold that the land where Alexander was laid to rest \"would be happy and unvanquishable forever\".
Sent 3: Perhaps more likely, the successors may have seen possession of the body as a symbol of legitimacy, since burying the prior king was a royal prerogative.
Sent 4: While Alexander's funeral cortege was on its way to Macedon, Ptolemy seized it and took it temporarily to Memphis.
Sent 5: His successor, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, transferred the sarcophagus to Alexandria, where it remained until at least late Antiquity.
Sent 6: Ptolemy IX Lathyros, one of Ptolemy's final successors, replaced Alexander's sarcophagus with a glass one so he could convert the original to coinage.
Sent 7: The recent discovery of an enormous tomb in northern Greece, at Amphipolis, dating from the time of Alexander the Great has given rise to speculation that its original intent was to be the burial place of Alexander.
Sent 8: This would fit with the intended destination of Alexander's funeral cortege.
Sent 9: Pompey, Julius Caesar and Augustus all visited the tomb in Alexandria, where Augustus, allegedly, accidentally knocked the nose off.
Sent 10: Caligula was said to have taken Alexander's breastplate from the tomb for his own use.
Sent 11: Around AD 200, Emperor Septimius Severus closed Alexander's tomb to the public.
Sent 12: His son and successor, Caracalla, a great admirer, visited the tomb during his own reign.
Sent 13: After this, details on the fate of the tomb are hazy.
Sent 14: The so-called \"Alexander Sarcophagus\", discovered near Sidon and now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museum, is so named not because it was thought to have contained Alexander's remains, but because its bas-reliefs depict Alexander and his companions fighting the Persians and hunting.
Sent 15: It was originally thought to have been the sarcophagus of Abdalonymus (died 311 BC), the king of Sidon appointed by Alexander immediately following the battle of Issus in 331.
Sent 16: However, more recently, it has been suggested that it may date from earlier than Abdalonymus' death", "answer groups": ["The great admirer", "Caracalla"], "distractor groups": ["Emperor Septimius Severus closed off Alexander's tomb to the public", "Caligula", "Augustus"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Are there other examples of static discharge?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You may wonder if there are other examples of static discharge.
Sent 2: The answer is yes.
Sent 3: Lightning is a form of static discharge.
Sent 4: It is much more dramatic than what happens between you and the door knocker, but it is the same principle.
Sent 5: You can see how it occurs in the following diagram and animation.
Sent 6: You have no doubt seen lightning in a rainstorm.
Sent 7: What does lighting have to do with static electricity?
Sent 8: As it turns out, everything!
Sent 9: During a rainstorm, clouds develop regions of different charges.
Sent 10: This happens due to the movement of air molecules, water drops, and ice particles.
Sent 11: The negative charges are concentrated at the base of the clouds.
Sent 12: The positive charges are concentrated at the top.
Sent 13: The negative charges repel electrons on the ground below.
Sent 14: The ground then becomes positively charged.
Sent 15: Over time the differences increase.
Sent 16: Eventually the electrons are discharged.
Sent 17: This is what we see as lightning.
Sent 18: You can watch an awesome slow-motion lightning strike below", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Lightning is a form of static discharge", "Lighting", "Door knocker"], "distractor groups": ["Sunlight", "Wind motion", "Rainstorm"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Give an example of an animal that does not need the care of its parents after birth.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Have you ever seen an egg?
Sent 2: Some animals do not have live births.
Sent 3: Instead, they lay eggs.
Sent 4: The eggs contain the embryo.
Sent 5: The embryo matures in the egg.
Sent 6: With time, it will hatch.
Sent 7: Some animals hatch and do not need care from their parents.
Sent 8: They are ready to live on their own.
Sent 9: Other animals will still need the care of their parents.
Sent 10: Sea turtles break out of their shells.
Sent 11: They immediately walk to the ocean.
Sent 12: They do this with no help from an adult.
Sent 13: Birds stay in the nest for many weeks.
Sent 14: They are cared for by their parents.
Sent 15: They leave the nest when they are strong enough to fly.
Sent 16: Some animals give birth to live offspring.
Sent 17: Animals like horses, cows, and whales give live birth.
Sent 18: Their offspring are born looking like mini adults", "answer groups": ["Sea Turtles, Sent 11: They immediately walk to the ocean. Sent 12: They do this with no help from an adult", "Sea turtles"], "distractor groups": ["Birds"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does the liquid metal within the Earth's core generate a magnetic field?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The idea that Earth is a magnet is far from new.
Sent 2: It was first proposed in 1600 by a British physician named William Gilbert.
Sent 3: Knowing it acts like a magnet is one thing.
Sent 4: Knowing why it acts like a magnet is more difficult.
Sent 5: In fact, finding out why is a fairly recent discovery.
Sent 6: To find out why required new technology.
Sent 7: It was the seismograph that made it possible to learn why the Earth acted like a magnet.
Sent 8: Seismograph are used to study earthquakes.
Sent 9: By studying earthquake waves they were able to learn about Earths interior.
Sent 10: They discovered that Earth has an inner and outer core.
Sent 11: The outer core consists of liquid metals, mainly iron and nickel.
Sent 12: Scientists think that Earths magnetic field is generated here.
Sent 13: It is caused by the motion of this liquid metal.
Sent 14: The liquid metal moves as Earth spins on its axis", "answer groups": ["The liquid metal in the outer core moves as the Earth spins generating a magnetic field", "It moves", "It is caused by the motion of this liquid metal"], "distractor groups": ["By nuclear reacations", "They discovered that Earth has an inner and outer core"]}, {"question": "
Sent 17: Many factors influence an areas climate.
Multi Label Question: Which of the 3 climate zones have long and cold winters", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The world can be divided into three climate zones.
Sent 2: The first climate zone is the polar zone.
Sent 3: As it sounds, the polar zone is near earths poles.
Sent 4: The polar zone has very long and cold winters.
Sent 5: Brrr!!!!
Sent 6: Near the equator is the tropical zone.
Sent 7: The tropical zone is known for being hot and wet.
Sent 8: Between these two zones is the temperate zone.
Sent 9: Temperatures there tend to be mild.
Sent 10: Its not too hot and not too cold.
Sent 11: You might expect places near the equator to be hot and wet.
Sent 12: Thats not always the case.
Sent 13: Sometimes there are other factors at work.
Sent 14: These factors can affect the local climate type or a region.
Sent 15: Oceans and mountain ranges can have a major impact.
Sent 16: They can greatly influence the climate of an area", "answer groups": ["The polar zone", "Polar"], "distractor groups": ["Temperate", "Freezing", "Temperature", "Tropical"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which nation was responsible for Jesuit missionaries working in Macau?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In the popular mind, the history of Hong Kong, long the entryway to China for Westerners, begins in 1841 with the British occupation of the territory.
Sent 2: However, it would be wrong to dismiss the long history of the region itself.
Sent 3: Archaeologists today are working to uncover Hong Kong's past, which stretches back thousands of years.
Sent 4: You can get a glimpse into that past at Lei Cheng Uk Museum's 1,600-year-old burial vault on the mainland just north of Kowloon.
Sent 5: In 1992, when construction of the airport on Chek Lap Kok was begun, a 2,000-year-old village, Pak Mong, was discovered, complete with artifacts that indicated a sophisticated rural society.
Sent 6: An even older Stone Age site was discovered on Lamma Island in 1996.
Sent 7: While Hong Kong remained a relative backwater in early days, nearby Guangzhou (Canton) was developing into a great trading city with connections in India and the Middle East.
Sent 8: By a.d.
Sent 9: 900, the Hong Kong islands had become a lair for pirates preying on the shipping in the Pearl River Delta and causing a major headache for burgeoning Guangzhou; small bands of pirates were still operating into the early years of the 20th century.
Sent 10: In the meantime, the mainland area was being settled by incomers, the \"Five Great Clans\": Tang, Hau, Pang, Liu, and Man.
Sent 11: First to arrive was the Tang clan, which established a number of walled villages in the New Territories that still exist today.
Sent 12: You can visit Kat Hing Wai and Lo Wai, villages with their walls still intact.
Sent 13: Adjacent to Lo Wai is the Tang Chung Ling Ancestral Hall, built in the 16th century, which is still the center of clan activities.
Sent 14: The first Europeans to arrive in the Pearl River Delta were the Portuguese, who settled in Macau in 1557 and for several centuries had a monopoly on trade between Asia, Europe, and South America.
Sent 15: As Macau developed into the greatest port in the East, it also became a base for Jesuit missionaries; it was later a haven for persecuted Japanese Christians.
Sent 16: While Christianity was not a great success in China, it made local headway, evidenced today by the numerous Catholic churches in Macau's historic center.
Sent 17: Intermarriage with the local Chinese created a community of Macanese, whose culture can still be seen in Macau's architecture and cuisine", "answer groups": ["Portugal", "The Portuguese"], "distractor groups": ["The British", "Asians", "South Africans"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What evidence exists that Greco-Bactrian influence extended to the sciences?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Some of the most unusual effects of Hellenization can be seen in Afghanistan and India, in the region of the relatively late-arising Greco-Bactrian Kingdom (250 BC-125 BC) in modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tajikistan and the Greco-Indian Kingdom (180 BC - 10 CE) in modern Afghanistan and India.
Sent 2: There on the newly formed Silk Road Greek culture apparently hybridized with Indian, and especially Buddhist culture.
Sent 3: The resulting syncretism known as Greco-Buddhism heavily influenced the development of Buddhism and created a culture of Greco-Buddhist art.
Sent 4: These Greco-Buddhist kingdoms sent some of the first Buddhist missionaries to China, Sri Lanka, and the Mediterranean (Greco-Buddhist monasticism).
Sent 5: The first figural portrayals of the Buddha, previously avoided by Buddhists, appeared at this time; they were modeled on Greek statues of Apollo.
Sent 6: Several Buddhist traditions may have been influenced by the ancient Greek religion: the concept of Boddhisatvas is reminiscent of Greek divine heroes, and some Mahayana ceremonial practices (burning incense, gifts of flowers, and food placed on altars) are similar to those practiced by the ancient Greeks.
Sent 7: One Greek king, Menander I, probably became Buddhist, and was immortalized in Buddhist literature as 'Milinda'.
Sent 8: The process of Hellenization extended to the sciences, where ideas from Greek astronomy filtered eastward and had profoundly influenced Indian astronomy by the early centuries AD.
Sent 9: For example, Greek astronomical instruments dating to the 3rd century BC were found in the Greco-Bactrian city of Ai Khanoum in modern-day Afghanistan while the Greek concept of a spherical earth surrounded by the spheres of planets was adopted in India and eventually supplanted the long-standing Indian cosmological belief of a flat and circular earth.
Sent 10: The Yavanajataka and Paulisa Siddhanta texts in particular show Greek influence", "answer groups": ["Greek astronomical instruments were found in Afghanistan", "Greek astronomical instruments found in Afghanistan and belief in a spherical Earth in India", "Greek culture influennced Indian Astronomy", "Ideas from Greek astronomy filtered eastward and had profoundly influenced Indian astronomy by the early centuries AD"], "distractor groups": ["Construction of the Silk Road", "The first figural portrayals of the Buddha, previously avoided by Buddhists, appeared at this time; they were modeled on Greek statues of Apollo", "Greek artwork used in science"]}, {"question": "?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: While this process moved along, diplomacy continued its rounds.
Sent 2: Direct pressure on the Taliban had proved unsuccessful.
Sent 3: As one NSC staff note put it, \"Under the Taliban, Afghanistan is not so much a state sponsor of terrorism as it is a state sponsored by terrorists.\"
Sent 4: In early 2000, the United States began a high-level effort to persuade Pakistan to use its influence over the Taliban.
Sent 5: In January 2000, Assistant Secretary of State Karl Inderfurth and the State Department's counterterrorism coordinator, Michael Sheehan, met with General Musharraf in Islamabad, dangling before him the possibility of a presidential visit in March as a reward for Pakistani cooperation.
Sent 6: Such a visit was coveted by Musharraf, partly as a sign of his government's legitimacy.
Sent 7: He told the two envoys that he would meet with Mullah Omar and press him on Bin Laden.
Sent 8: They left, however, reporting to Washington that Pakistan was unlikely in fact to do anything,\" given what it sees as the benefits of Taliban control of Afghanistan.\"
Sent 9: President Clinton was scheduled to travel to India.
Sent 10: The State Department felt that he should not visit India without also visiting Pakistan.
Sent 11: The Secret Service and the CIA, however, warned in the strongest terms that visiting Pakistan would risk the President's life.
Sent 12: Counterterrorism officials also argued that Pakistan had not done enough to merit a presidential visit.
Sent 13: But President Clinton insisted on including Pakistan in the itinerary for his trip to South Asia.
Sent 14: His one-day stopover on March 25, 2000, was the first time a U.S. president had been there since 1969.
Sent 15: At his meeting with Musharraf and others, President Clinton concentrated on tensions between Pakistan and India and the dangers of nuclear proliferation, but also discussed Bin Laden.
Sent 16: President Clinton told us that when he pulled Musharraf aside for a brief, one-on-one meeting, he pleaded with the general for help regarding Bin Laden.\"
Sent 17: I offered him the moon when I went to see him, in terms of better relations with the United States, if he'd help us get Bin Laden and deal with another issue or two.\"
Sent 18: The U.S. effort continued.
: Who met with Musharraf to discuss the issues of Pakistan cooperation with the U.S", "answer groups": ["Assistant Secretary of State Karl Inderfurth and the State Department's counterterrorism coordinator, Michael Sheehan, as well as President Clinton", "Michael Sheehan", "Karl Inderfurth and Michael Sheenan", "Karl Inderfurth", "Assistant secretary of state and State department of counterterrorism coordinator"], "distractor groups": ["President Clinton", "CIA", "Secret service"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Legal assistance is now a little easier for battered women to find in what county?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Legal assistance for battered women is hard to come by.
Sent 2: But it just got a little easier to find in Tarrant County.
Sent 3: This month, the federal Violence Against Women Office awarded a two-year, 350,000 grant to the Women's Haven of Tarrant County.
Sent 4: The money will allow the shelter to add a second full-time attorney to its staff and contract with the law school clinic at Texas Wesleyan University for pro bono and student services.
Sent 5: Most important, the funds will help fill a frustrating gap.
Sent 6: The Women's Haven, which provides shelter and outreach to domestic-violence victims, already has a full-time attorney.
Sent 7: But that person is prohibited (by funding parameters) from representing women in matters of divorce or child custody.
Sent 8: That's not a problem for most of the shelter's indigent residents, who can access free legal aid locally from West Texas Legal Services.
Sent 9: But many of the clients served by the Women's Haven outreach programs are the working poor, who don't qualify for free legal services.
Sent 10: Divorces and custody battles are simply out of their financial reach.
Sent 11: \"They can't begin to save up enough money for a divorce, so they're stuck,\" says Sonyia Hartwell, the Women's Haven's associate director.
Sent 12: \"They're completely shut out of the civil-law system.\"
Sent 13: In Texas, unlike in some other states, women who aren't divorced can't gain full control over their portion of assets.
Sent 14: And they can't obtain child support.
Sent 15: The grant will also provide law students with valuable experience working these types of cases.
Sent 16: \"They can't go to court, but they can interview clients and do all the initial intake work that needs to be done\" as well as investigative work, says Hartwell.
Sent 17: And there's no shortage of abuse victims who need this kind of help.
Sent 18: \"Within 60 days of hanging out her or his shingle,\" says Hartwell of the yet unhired new attorney, \"we'll have an active caseload of 20 or more", "answer groups": ["Tarrant County", "Tarrant"], "distractor groups": ["Porter county", "Midland"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Julia Child is an honorary board member of what organization?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Grande dame of cooking still going strong at 90: Julia Child celebrates in San Francisco.
Sent 2: How does it feel to turn 90 and have attained the status of an icon, a living legend?
Sent 3: \"It feels just like it felt before,\" Julia Child says with the throaty laugh familiar to millions who cut their culinary teeth on her \"French Chef\" television series.
Sent 4: The show, along with her seminal book, \"Mastering the Art of French Cooking\" (1961), revolutionized the way America cooks and eats.
Sent 5: While making light of the difference a day -- or another decade -- makes, Child intends to enjoy her birthday thoroughly.
Sent 6: First, there will be all the public observances, including a sold-out dinner Thursday at San Francisco's tony Fifth Floor restaurant, which -- like dinners that night at 19 other venues across the country -- will benefit the scholarship fund of the International Association of Culinary Professionals (which Child co-founded).
Sent 7: Friday to Sunday, the action moves to Napa, with both members-only and public events at COPIA: The American Center for Wine, Food and the Arts, of which she is an honorary board member.
Sent 8: Aug. 15, her actual birthday, will see her in Maine at an annual gathering of nieces, nephews, their offspring and friends, who for many years have rolled a joined birthday celebration for several members of the group into a jolly reunion.
Sent 9: The schedule Child and her assistant of 14 years, former pastry chef Stephanie Hersh, have laid out is not exactly a senior-citizen routine, even though Child has always been candid about her age and realistic in assessing her own capabilities.
Sent 10: When the Pasadena native moved back to California from her long-time home in the Boston area last year, she also made the move from a condominium she and her late husband, Paul, had purchased many years ago to a progressive retirement home.
Sent 11: She is in the most active of the four levels available, but should the need arise, she can move on to assisted living facilities within the same complex", "answer groups": ["COPIA: The American Center for Wine, Food and the Arts", "The American Center for Wine, Food and the Arts"], "distractor groups": ["International Association of Culinary Professionals", "The French Circle for Culinary Arts"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are three examples of Mounir er Motassadeq's extremist opinions?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Zakariya Essabar, a Moroccan citizen, moved to Germany in February 1997 and to Hamburg in 1998, where he studied medical technology.
Sent 2: Soon after moving to Hamburg, Essabar met Binalshibh and the others through a Turkish mosque.
Sent 3: Essabar turned extremist fairly suddenly, probably in 1999, and reportedly pressured one acquaintance with physical force to become more religious, grow a beard, and compel his wife to convert to Islam.
Sent 4: Essabar's parents were said to have made repeated but unsuccessful efforts to sway him from this lifestyle.
Sent 5: Shortly before the 9/11 attacks, he would travel to Afghanistan to communicate the date for the attacks to the al Qaeda leadership.
Sent 6: Mounir el Motassadeq, another Moroccan, came to Germany in 1993, moving to Hamburg two years later to study electrical engineering at theTechnical University.
Sent 7: A witness has recalled Motassadeq saying that he would kill his entire family if his religious beliefs demanded it.
Sent 8: One of Motassadeq's roommates recalls him referring to Hitler as a \"good man\" and organizing film sessions that included speeches by Bin Laden.
Sent 9: Motassadeq would help conceal the Hamburg group's trip to Afghanistan in late 1999.
Sent 10: Abdelghani Mzoudi, also a Moroccan, arrived in Germany in the summer of 1993, after completing university courses in physics and chemistry.
Sent 11: Mzoudi studied in Dortmund, Bochum, and Muenster before moving to Hamburg in 1995.
Sent 12: Mzoudi described himself as a weak Muslim when he was home in Morocco, but much more devout when he was back in Hamburg.
Sent 13: In April 1996, Mzoudi and Motassadeq witnessed the execution of Atta's will.
Sent 14: During the course of 1999, Atta and his group became ever more extreme and secretive, speaking only in Arabic to conceal the content of their conversations.
Sent 15: 87 When the four core members of the Hamburg cell left Germany to journey to Afghanistan late that year, it seems unlikely that they already knew about the planes operation; no evidence connects them to al Qaeda before that time.
Sent 16: Witnesses have attested, however, that their pronouncements reflected ample predisposition toward taking some action against the United States.
Sent 17: In short, they fit the bill for Bin Laden, Atef, and KSM.
Sent 18: Going to Afghanistan The available evidence indicates that in 1999, Atta, Binalshibh, Shehhi, and Jarrah decided to fight in Chechnya against the Russians", "answer groups": ["He said that he would kill his entire family if his religious beliefs demanded it, he admired Hitler, and he organized screenings of Bin Laden's speeches?", "Would kill family if religion demanded it"], "distractor groups": ["Wife must convert to islam", "Grow a beard", "Pressured friend with physical force over religious beliefs", "Kill family for religious beliefs", "Convert to Islam", "Fasting", "Prayer", "Want to live freely, expressions of lack of religion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How is burning wood in a campfire different from burning gasoline in a car?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Energy often changes from one form to another.
Sent 2: For example, the drummer transfers motion to sound energy.
Sent 3: When the moving drumstick strikes the drum head, the drum starts to vibrate.
Sent 4: The motion of the vibrating drum head creates the sound you hear.
Sent 5: Any form of energy can change into any other form.
Sent 6: Frequently, one form of energy changes into two or more different forms.
Sent 7: Have you ever sat in front of a campfire?
Sent 8: What are two things you notice?
Sent 9: The fire creates light.
Sent 10: It is also warm by the fire, meaning it creates heat.
Sent 11: The energy of the fire comes from the stored energy in the wood.
Sent 12: The wood contains chemical energy.
Sent 13: As it burns, the chemical energy is changed into light and heat.
Sent 14: Not all chemical energy changes produce light and heat.
Sent 15: Our cars use gasoline as a fuel.
Sent 16: Gasoline contains chemical energy.
Sent 17: When our cars burn gasoline in their engines, it is converted into motion and heat.
Sent 18: When energy changes forms, energy is conserved", "answer groups": ["Burning wood produces light and heat whereas burning gasoline produces motion and heat", "The chemical energy in wood burned in a campfire is converted to light and heat whereas in a car, the chemical energy in gasoline is converted to motion and heat"], "distractor groups": ["The former produces chemical energy whereas the latter causes motion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the most important change gravitational potential energy can have?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Gravitational Potential Energy is affected by position.
Sent 2: Like the leaves on trees, anything that is raised up has the potential to fall.
Sent 3: It has potential energy.
Sent 4: You can see examples of people with gravitational potential energy in 1.5 Figure below.
Sent 5: Gravitational potential energy depends on two things.
Sent 6: It depends on its weight, because a large falling rock can do more damage than a leaf falling from a tree.
Sent 7: It also depends on its height above the ground.
Sent 8: Like the skateboarder, the higher the ramp, the faster he will be going when he reaches the bottom.
Sent 9: Like all energy, gravitational potential energy has the ability to do work.
Sent 10: In this case, weight has the potential to deliver a force.
Sent 11: More important for us is that it has the ability to cause change.
Sent 12: What kind of change you may ask?
Sent 13: Gravitational potential energy has the ability to cause motion", "answer groups": ["The ability to cause motion", "Motion"], "distractor groups": ["Friction", "Deliver make skateboarders move"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was, at points, both considered semi-divine but also a counter-revolutionary force?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In the rest of the world, China's supreme sage, Kongfuzi (K'ung Fu-tzu), is better known by the romanized name \"Confucius.\" He was born in 551 b.c.
Sent 2: in what is now Shandong Province in eastern China.
Sent 3: So profound was his influence that eleven Chinese emperors made pilgrimages to the birthplace of the Great Teacher.
Sent 4: You, too, can pay your respects at the vast temple raised on the site of his home in the small town of Qufu (Chufu), and at his tomb in the woods just to the north.
Sent 5: The classics of Confucius, while seldom addressing spiritual and metaphysical matters, set standards for social and political conduct that still underlie many of the Chinese ways of doing and perceiving.
Sent 6: Confucius laid great stress on the proper and harmonious relationships between ruler and subject, parent and child, teacher and student, the individual and the state.
Sent 7: These relationships were deemed to be hierarchical and dictatorial.
Sent 8: If the order was disturbed, dire consequences inevitably resulted.
Sent 9: The son who disobeyed the father would bring disaster upon himself and his family, just as the emperor who defied the \"mandate of heaven\" or ignored the good of the empire brought ruin upon the nation.
Sent 10: Over the centuries Confucius has suffered more changes of fortune than probably any other philosopher.
Sent 11: Honored soon after his death as the greatest of scholars, he was later revered as semi-divine; you can still visit temples to Confucius in many Chinese cities.
Sent 12: During the Cultural Revolution (1966\u20131976), however, he was denounced as a counter-revolutionary force.
Sent 13: It was only after the death of Chairman Mao (1976) and the opening of China to the outside world under more progressive reformers that Confucius, too, was \"rehabilitated.\" Unlike Confucius, about whose life many specific and even colorful details are known, the philosopher Laozi (Lao Tse or Lao-Tzu) is an enigma.
Sent 14: Estimates of his date of birth vary by well over a century.
Sent 15: One legend even says he taught the young Confucius.
Sent 16: Laozi is immortalized by his book of thoughts on man, nature, and the universe, Daodejing (\"The Way and Its Power\"), which became the major text of China's greatest indigenous religion, Daoism (Taoism).
Sent 17: With its emphasis on nature, intuition, the individual, paradox (\"The knowledge which is not knowledge\"), and the cosmic flow known as \"The Way,\" Daoism became the religion of artists and philosophers.
Sent 18: After the death of Confucius, the Zhou Dynasty entered a period of strife known as the \"Warring States\" period (475\u2013221 b.c.)", "answer groups": ["K\u00e2\u0080\u0099ung Fu-tzu", "Kongfuzi", "Confucius"], "distractor groups": ["Laozi", "Zhou", "Chairman Mao"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What were the events preceding Einstein's seclusion?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After arriving in New York City, Einstein was taken to various places and events, including Chinatown, a lunch with the editors of the New York Times, and a performance of Carmen at the Metropolitan Opera, where he was cheered by the audience on his arrival.
Sent 2: During the days following, he was given the keys to the city by Mayor Jimmy Walker and met the president of Columbia University, who described Einstein as \"The ruling monarch of the mind.\"
Sent 3: Harry Emerson Fosdick, pastor at New York's Riverside Church, gave Einstein a tour of the church and showed him a full-size statue that the church made of Einstein, standing at the entrance.
Sent 4: Also during his stay in New York, he joined a crowd of 15,000 people at Madison Square Garden during a Hanukkah celebration.
Sent 5: Einstein next traveled to California where he met Caltech president and Nobel laureate, Robert A. Millikan.
Sent 6: His friendship with Millikan was \"awkward\", as Millikan \"had a penchant for patriotic militarism,\" where Einstein was a pronounced pacifist.
Sent 7: During an address to Caltech's students, Einstein noted that science was often inclined to do more harm than good.
Sent 8: This aversion to war also led Einstein to befriend author Upton Sinclair and film star Charlie Chaplin, both noted for their pacifism.
Sent 9: Carl Laemmle, head of Universal Studios, gave Einstein a tour of his studio and introduced him to Chaplin.
Sent 10: They had an instant rapport, with Chaplin inviting Einstein and his wife, Elsa, to his home for dinner.
Sent 11: Chaplin said Einstein's outward persona, calm and gentle, seemed to conceal a \"highly emotional temperament,\" from which came his \"extraordinary intellectual energy.\"
Sent 12: Chaplin also remembers Elsa telling him about the time Einstein conceived his theory of relativity.
Sent 13: During breakfast one morning, he seemed lost in thought and ignored his food.
Sent 14: She asked him if something was bothering him.
Sent 15: He sat down at his piano and started playing.
Sent 16: He continued playing and writing notes for half an hour, then went upstairs to his study, where he remained for two weeks, with Elsa bringing up his food.
Sent 17: At the end of the two weeks he came downstairs with two sheets of paper bearing his theory.
Sent 18: Chaplin's film, City Lights, was to premier a few days later in Hollywood, and Chaplin invited Einstein and Elsa to join him as his special guests", "answer groups": ["Einstein and his wife were invited to Charlie Chaplin's home for dinner where he disclosed his theory of relativity", "Ignored his food", "Played the piano", "He was having breakfast"], "distractor groups": ["He was talking to chaplain", "He got in a fight with Chaplin"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How can you find out how much snow fell in a particular time frame?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You might want to know how cold it is.
Sent 2: You may need to know how fast the wind is blowing.
Sent 3: Maybe it rained last night?
Sent 4: Do you know how much?
Sent 5: Does it feel humid to you?
Sent 6: You have heard all these questions before.
Sent 7: To answer these questions, we need data.
Sent 8: That data comes from special tools.
Sent 9: These tools collect data about the weather.
Sent 10: You can see some of the common tools listed below: A thermometer measures temperature.
Sent 11: An anemometer measures wind speed.
Sent 12: A rain gauge measures the amount of rain.
Sent 13: A hygrometer measures humidity.
Sent 14: A wind vane shows wind direction.
Sent 15: A snow gauge measures the amount of snow", "answer groups": ["By using a snow gauge", "You can gather data from a snow gauge"], "distractor groups": ["Wind vane", "By using an anemometer", "Hygrometer", "Rain gauge"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What year was Albania's illiteracy rate 85%?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Before the establishment of the People's Republic, Albania's illiteracy rate was as high as 85%.
Sent 2: Schools were scarce between World War I and World War II.
Sent 3: When the People's Republic was established in 1945, the Party gave high priority to wiping out illiteracy.
Sent 4: As part of a vast social campaign, anyone between the ages of 12 and 40 who could not read or write was mandated to attend classes to learn.
Sent 5: By 1955, illiteracy was virtually eliminated among Albania's adult population.
Sent 6: Today the overall literacy rate in Albania is 98.7%; the male literacy rate is 99.2% and female literacy rate is 98.3%.
Sent 7: With large population movements in the 1990s to urban areas, the provision of education has undergone transformation as well.
Sent 8: The University of Tirana is the oldest university in Albania, having been founded in October 1957", "answer groups": ["Before 1945", "1940"], "distractor groups": ["1990", "1955"]}, {"question": "
Sent 18: It means those choices must be integrated with America's message of opportunity to the Arab and Muslim world.
Multi Label Question: Who should be generous and caring to their neighbours", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In short, the United States has to help defeat an ideology, not just a group of people, and we must do so under difficult circumstances.
Sent 2: How can the United States and its friends help moderate Muslims combat the extremist ideas?
Sent 3: Recommendation: The U.S. government must define what the message is, what it stands for.
Sent 4: We should offer an example of moral leadership in the world, committed to treat people humanely, abide by the rule of law, and be generous and caring to our neighbors.
Sent 5: America and Muslim friends can agree on respect for human dignity and opportunity.
Sent 6: To Muslim parents, terrorists like Bin Laden have nothing to offer their children but visions of violence and death.
Sent 7: America and its friends have a crucial advantage-we can offer these parents a vision that might give their children a better future.
Sent 8: If we heed the views of thoughtful leaders in the Arab and Muslim world, a moderate consensus can be found.
Sent 9: That vision of the future should stress life over death: individual educational and economic opportunity.
Sent 10: This vision includes widespread political participation and contempt for indiscriminate violence.
Sent 11: It includes respect for the rule of law, openness in discussing differences, and tolerance for opposing points of view.
Sent 12: Recommendation: Where Muslim governments, even those who are friends, do not respect these principles, the United States must stand for a better future.
Sent 13: One of the lessons of the long Cold War was that short-term gains in cooperating with the most repressive and brutal governments were too often outweighed by long-term setbacks for America's stature and interests.
Sent 14: American foreign policy is part of the message.
Sent 15: America's policy choices have consequences.
Sent 16: Right or wrong, it is simply a fact that American policy regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and American actions in Iraq are dominant staples of popular commentary across the Arab and Muslim world.
Sent 17: That does not mean U.S. choices have been wrong", "answer groups": ["U.S. Government", "Us", "The U. S. Government", "American citizens"], "distractor groups": ["Bin Laden", "Animals", "Living beings", "Terrorists"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did the Carthaginians want Ibiza?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A handful of Bronze Age relics has fostered an assumption that prehistoric settlers inhabited Ibiza thousands of years ago.
Sent 2: Greater evidence of such a people is found on Mallorca and Menorca than on Ibiza, but one of the Balearics' most important sites is actually on the island of Formentera, where the megalithic monument/tomb of Ca Na Costa has been dated to 2000 b.c.
Sent 3: Ibiza's key location between Africa and ancient Iberia made it a convenient stopover for Mediterranean seafarers, such as the Phoenician traders, who called the island Ibosim.
Sent 4: The Greeks dubbed it Ebysos, the Romans called it Ebusus, and the Moors, Yebisah.
Sent 5: The Carthaginians: A detailed history of the island doesn't begin until it became a colony of Carthage in the 7th century b.c.
Sent 6: .
Sent 7: The Carthaginians originally came from the area comprising present-day Lebanon, and from their bases in North Africa and what's now Spain, they challenged the Roman Empire for domination of the Mediterranean region.
Sent 8: Their interest in Ibiza lay partly in its vast salt flats, which to this day remain the source of a profitable industry.
Sent 9: They capitalized on the natural resources by using the salt to cure fish, which they exported to their home country.
Sent 10: The Carthaginians also carried out lead mining and continued to be of significance up until this century.
Sent 11: It is believed that the lead pellets which were used by the Carthaginian general Hannibal were made on Ibiza.
Sent 12: The Carthaginians also considered the island a holy place, and here in great splendour they buried thousands of their citizens in a huge necropolis on the Puig des Molins (Hill of the Windmills) below the Dalt Vila (Old Town) of Ibiza.
Sent 13: Under the gnarled olive trees archaeologists have uncovered a treasure trove of statues, jewellery, pitchers, tools, and coins, which are now displayed in the town's two archaeological museums.
Sent 14: The Romans never really infiltrated Ibiza, and even after the defeat of Hannibal in 202 b.c.
Sent 15: during the Second Punic War their influence was restrained.
Sent 16: Only with the fall of Carthage in 146 b.c.
Sent 17: did they manage to make inroads, but, as local historians stress, Ibiza was neither conquered nor annexed by Rome, but confederated, retaining remarkable autonomy.
Sent 18: For centuries to come the old Carthaginian traditions were allowed to continue on Ibiza alongside the new Roman way of life", "answer groups": ["It was a holy place, vast salt flats, lead mining, and other natural resources", "Salt"], "distractor groups": ["Gold", "Land", "Government"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Social Security cut off Benjamin of Jersey City?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After becoming disabled in a machete attack on a visit to his native Haiti, Jean-Claude Joseph needed help persuading his landlord to move him from a fifth-floor apartment to one on the ground floor.
Sent 2: Isaac Benjamin became ensnared in a bureaucratic snafu that took away his Social Security disability payments for more than two years.
Sent 3: The story of Martha, a woman from Sierra Leone, was more compelling.
Sent 4: Beaten, raped and tortured in her politically repressive homeland, she knowingly used someone else's passport to escape to America, but was caught by immigration authorities upon her arrival.
Sent 5: She desperately sought political asylum.
Sent 6: Not the kind of cases that lead to ground-breaking upheavals in the law, but the kind of cases that are handled day in and day out by lawyers for the legally disenfranchised who have no where else to turn.
Sent 7: The work of attorneys from Legal Services of New Jersey will be highlighted in a onehour documentary, \"Quest for Justice,\" to be aired 9 p.m.
Sent 8: today on New Jersey Network.
Sent 9: Produced by NYD2, a communications firm based in Somerset, the documentary features case histories of clients whose needs ranged from housing to fighting off deportation.
Sent 10: Joseph, a 54-year-old naturalized citizen, turned to Legal Services when the landlord of his federally subsidized apartment complex in Elizabeth turned a deaf ear to his request for a ground-floor apartment.
Sent 11: Having lost the use of his left arm in warding off the machete attack during a robbery attempt, Joseph said he found it increasingly difficult to negotiate the five flights of stairs lugging groceries or laundry on the frequent occasions when the building's elevator was out of order.
Sent 12: \"With this, it became impossible for me to stay upstairs,\" he said, pointing to the scars on his forearm.
Sent 13: \"If I cannot carry my groceries or my laundry, how can I live?\"
Sent 14: \"It was a compelling case,\" said Legal Services attorney Stephen St. Hilaire.
Sent 15: \"The key for us -- and we have to make tough decisions all the time on whether to take a case -- was visualizing what he had to do to get to the fifth floor, struggling with a bag of groceries,\" he said.
Sent 16: Benjamin, 53, of Jersey City had been collecting Social Security disability after undergoing double bypass surgery when the checks stopped coming.
Sent 17: He said the agency claimed he had failed to return a form updating the condition of his health.
Sent 18: \"But what got me was they didn't let me know they didn't get it, they just cut me off,\" he said, adding he found it impossible to negotiate the Social Security bureaucracy himself", "answer groups": ["They say he had failed to return a form updating the condition of his health", "Didn't return update form", "He failed to return a form"], "distractor groups": ["He lost his hand", "Overweight", "He lied to the attorney", "He was ugly"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Is the Iranian government for or against women activists?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- As Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad visited the U.N. General Assembly in New York last month, the spotlight was once again on Iran.
Sent 2: And true to form, the Iranian president made his fair share of provocative statements for the Western media.
Sent 3: But while Ahmadinejad's mercurial rants captured our media's attention, back in Iran a coordinated strategy against the women's movement continued.
Sent 4: On the eve of Ahmadinejad's arrival to New York, Shiva Nazar Ahari, a prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison on charges including the vague crime of \"waging war against God\" -- a convenient catch-all offense for anyone who criticizes the regime and its human rights record.
Sent 5: There's no denying it -- Iran's women have had a bad year.
Sent 6: Nazar Ahari joins a steadily increasing number of other women's rights activists who are in prison for no greater crime than their attempt to fight for the rights of the women.
Sent 7: Hengameh Shahidi, Alieh Eghdam Doust, Bahareh Hedayat and Mahdiyeh Golrou have all been sent to Tehran's notorious Evin Prison on trumped-up charges related to their activism.
Sent 8: And while Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, arguably the most internationally recognized Iranian women's rights activist, remains unable to safely return to her country, the government is targeting those affiliated with her for arrest and imprisonment, including her lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and her former aide Jinous Sobhani.
Sent 9: Since the 2009 disputed elections and associated government crackdown on the overall reform movement, the government has increasingly targeted women activists.
Sent 10: The reasons behind this go well beyond the misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership.
Sent 11: Rather, it is more part of a deliberate and calculated strategy of the Iranian authorities to strike at the heart of the regime's greatest vulnerability -- internal legitimacy with its own people.
Sent 12: See more CNN.com opinion articles Iran's government recognizes and fears the broader power of the women activists who have been on the front line of reform in Iran for more than a decade.
Sent 13: One can roughly draw an analogy between the women's movement in Iran to movements of religious groups in Burma or Tibet, or the labor \"solidarity\" movements in the former Eastern bloc and associated labor-Roman Catholic solidarity in Poland -- all advocating initially for the freedoms of a specific group but which provoked government fears for their transformative power to promote broader human rights progress.
Sent 14: While the outside world occasionally reacts to the most egregious manifestations of Iran's repression of women -- such as the international condemnation associated with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian widow sentenced to stoning on charges of alleged adultery -- these events are often portrayed simply as a consequence of the regime's archaic viewpoint about gender", "answer groups": ["Against women activies", "Against"], "distractor groups": ["Love women activies"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which leaders in Cuba were weary of prolonged hostilities in 1878?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In 1878, Martinez Campos was Governor-General of Cuba, and Maximo Gomez was Commander-in-Chief of the Cuban forces.
Sent 2: Both parties were weary of the prolonged hostilities, and neither was able to compel the other to surrender.
Sent 3: Spain, however, professed a willingness to yield an important part of the demands of her rebellious subjects.
Sent 4: Martinez Campos and Gomez met at Zanjon and, on February 10, 1878, mutually agreed to what has been variously called a peace pact, a treaty, and a capitulation.
Sent 5: The agreement was based on provisions for a redress of Cuban grievances through greater civil, political, and administrative privileges for the Cubans, with forgetfulness of the past and amnesty for all then under sentence for political offences.
Sent 6: Delay in carrying these provisions into effect gave rise to an attempt to renew the struggle two years later, but the effort was a failure.
Sent 7: Matters then quieted down for a number of years.
Sent 8: The Cubans waited to see what would be done.
Sent 9: The Spanish Governor-General still remained the supreme power and, aside from the abolition of slavery, the application of the Spanish Constitution and Spanish laws to Cuba, and Cuban representation in the Cortes, much of which was rather form than fact, the island gained little by the new conditions.
Sent 10: Discontent and protest continued and, at last, broke again into open rebellion in 1895", "answer groups": ["Martinez Campos", "Maximo Gomez", "Martinez Campus and Maximo Gomez"], "distractor groups": ["Gomez Zedra", "Matin Garim", "Zanjon"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: To get a sense of how fast plates move, what can you look at on your body?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Earthquakes seemed to outline a special feature of earth's crust.
Sent 2: Earthquakes let scientists know where the crust was moving.
Sent 3: This led to the discovery that the Earths crust was broken up into regions, or plates.
Sent 4: Earthquakes happen most often along these plate boundaries.
Sent 5: This was evidence that continents can move.
Sent 6: The movements of the plates are called plate tectonics.
Sent 7: The Earths crust is divided into plates.
Sent 8: There are about a dozen large plates and several small ones.
Sent 9: Each plate is named for the continent or ocean basin it contains.
Sent 10: Scientists know he plates are in motion.
Sent 11: They now know the direction and speed of this motion .
Sent 12: Plates dont move very fast.
Sent 13: They move only a few centimeters a year.
Sent 14: This is about the same rate fingernails grow.
Sent 15: So you might wonder, what could cause this motion?
Sent 16: What supplies the energy to cause this change", "answer groups": ["Hair", "Fingernails"], "distractor groups": ["Feet", "Hand"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What city struggled to rebuild from Crusader wars and invasions?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Crusaders, Mamelukes, and Turks: The Crusaders established a feudal Christian state with Godfrey at its head.
Sent 2: They built many impressive churches during the term of the first Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, but in 1187 they were driven out by Muslim forces under the great warrior Saladin.
Sent 3: During the Sixth Crusade (1228\u2013 1229), the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II managed to secure Jerusalem for the Christians by negotiation.
Sent 4: The Christians, however, could not hold the city.
Sent 5: After they lost Jerusalem, a Mongol invasion swept through, and in 1244 the Mameluke dynasty of Egypt took control, ruling Jerusalem for the next 250 years.
Sent 6: The city struggled to rebuild from Crusader wars and invasions.
Sent 7: Much of the best Islamic architecture in the city was constructed in the Mameluke era, but the past thousand years had taken their toll: Jerusalem was unable to regain the prosperity it had enjoyed in earlier times.
Sent 8: In the early 16th century, the Ottoman Turkish Empire was advancing through the Middle East.
Sent 9: Jerusalem fell to the Ottomans in 1517, remaining under their control for 400 years.
Sent 10: Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilt the walls and gates in the form they retain to this day.
Sent 11: Fountains, inns, religious schools, and barracks were constructed.
Sent 12: But when Suleiman died, his empire, including Jerusalem, began a long period of decline.
Sent 13: The Holy City remained a backwater until the 19th century, when renewed interest among Christian pilgrims made it the destination of thousands of travelers each year", "answer groups": ["Jerusalem", "The Holy City"], "distractor groups": ["Rome", "Tel Aviv", "Constantinople", "Mongolia", "Turkey", "Egypt"]}, {"question": "
Sent 8: It depends, in part, on how we use them.
Multi Label Question: What do we need for building material and energy", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: We need natural resources for just about everything we do.
Sent 2: We need them for food and clothing, for building materials and energy.
Sent 3: We even need them to have fun.
Sent 4: Table 2.1 gives examples of how we use natural resources.
Sent 5: Can you think of other ways we use natural resources?
Sent 6: Use Vehicles Resources Rubber for tires from rubber trees Steel frames and other metal parts from minerals such as iron Example iron ore Electronics Plastic cases from petroleum prod- ucts Glass screens from minerals such as lead lead ore Use Homes Resources Nails from minerals such as iron Timber from trees Example spruce timber Jewelry Gemstones such as diamonds Minerals such as silver silver ore Food Sunlight, water, and soil Minerals such as phosphorus corn seeds in soil Clothing Wool from sheep Cotton from cotton plants cotton plants Recreation Water for boating and swimming Forests for hiking and camping pine forest Some natural resources are renewable.
Sent 7: Others are not", "answer groups": ["Resources from nature", "Natural Resources"], "distractor groups": ["Minerals", "Coal", "OIL"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What kind of fossils are used to date rock layers?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Fossils can be used to match up rock layers.
Sent 2: As organisms change over time, they look different.
Sent 3: Older fossils will look different than younger fossils.
Sent 4: Some organisms only survived for a short time before going extinct.
Sent 5: Knowing what organisms looked like at certain times also helps date rock layers.
Sent 6: Some fossils are better than others for this use.
Sent 7: The fossils that are very distinct at certain times of Earths history are called index fossils.
Sent 8: Index fossils are commonly used to match rock layers.
Sent 9: You can see how this works in Figure 2.30.
Sent 10: If two rock layers have the same index fossils, then they're probably about the same age", "answer groups": ["Index fossils"], "distractor groups": ["Old organisms", "Rocky fossils", "Cast fossils", "Mold fosdils", "Young organisms"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the name of the management company which manages the apartment complex where nine families were displaced in March?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Nine families displaced by a fire at Alamo Hills Apartments in March filed lawsuits Wednesday against the apartment complex.
Sent 2: They allege that the complex could have done more to protect belongings they were forced to abandon in the aftermath of the blaze.
Sent 3: Bernard Dempsey Jr., an attorney with Western Michigan Legal Services, the group that represents the tenants, said Alamo Hills gave the displaced families very limited opportunity to remove belongings.
Sent 4: \"They were given three days to get their stuff out, and if they couldn't get moved out in three days, their stuff was discarded,\" Dempsey said.
Sent 5: \"Alamo Hills just threw it out.\"
Sent 6: Others, he said, lost possessions to looters after the March 23 blaze, which left 78 people temporarily homeless.
Sent 7: According to the lawsuit, the tenants were prohibited from entering their apartments to retrieve possessions and were promised that the complex would provide security.
Sent 8: A spokesperson for PM One, the company that manages Alamo Hills, could not be reached for comment.
Sent 9: Nine separate suits were filed in 8th District Court, which handles civil claims of less than 25,000.
Sent 10: \"We're asking for the reimbursement of the value of their property and a small amount for stress -- 3,000 on top of their out-of-pocket expenses for their lost stuff,\" Dempsey said.
Sent 11: \"They're not looking to get rich off this.
Sent 12: A lot of this is simply because they were treated so badly.\"
Sent 13: Dempsey said most of the tenants who filed suits still live at the apartment complex, although many are trying to find homes elsewhere.
Sent 14: \"The new apartments (they were provided) were not in very good shape.
Sent 15: That's actually one of the claims,\" he said", "answer groups": ["PM One", "Alamo Hills Apartments"], "distractor groups": ["Homeless", "Alamo Hills"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is stock exchange 1st National Bank on and what was the third quarter net loss?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: William C. Walbrecher Jr., an executive at San Francisco-based 1st Nationwide Bank, was named president and chief executive officer of Citadel Holding Corp. and its principal operating unit, Fidelity Federal Bank.
Sent 2: The appointment takes effect Nov. 13.
Sent 3: He succeeds James A. Taylor, who stepped down as chairman, president and chief executive in March for health reasons.
Sent 4: Edward L. Kane succeeded Mr. Taylor as chairman.
Sent 5: Separately, Citadel posted a third-quarter net loss of 2.3 million, or 68 cents a share, versus net income of 5.3 million, or 1.61 a share, a year earlier.
Sent 6: The latest results include some unusual write-downs, which had an after-tax impact of 4.9 million.
Sent 7: Those included costs associated with the potential Valley Federal Savings and Loan Association acquisition, which was terminated on Sept. 27, 1989.
Sent 8: In addition, operating results were hit by an increase in loan and real estate loss reserves.
Sent 9: In American Stock Exchange composite trading, Citadel shares closed yesterday at 45.75, down 25 cents", "answer groups": ["American Stock Exchange with net loss $2.3 million", "American Stock Exchange (AMEX) with a third quarter net loss of 2.3 Million"], "distractor groups": ["$5.3 million", "$4.9 million", "Citadel with $4.9 million", "Valley Federal Savings with $2.3 million", "European Stock Exchange with $5.3 million"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why does Lucrezia want Callimaco to be her lover forever?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Callimaco is taken by the beauty of Lucrezia , but she is the loyal wife of Nicia , a rich and foolish lawyer .
Sent 2: Callimaco hires the service of a shady ` fixer ' named Ligurio to aid in his quest to sleep with her .
Sent 3: Lgurio informs Callimaco that Nicia and Lucrezia are anxious to have a child .
Sent 4: With the fixer's help , .
Sent 5: Callimaco masquerades as a doctor and convinces Nicia that the best way for Lucrezia to conceive a child is by her taking a potion made from the Mandrake Root .
Sent 6: He lies and warns Nicia that the first man to sleep with Lucrezia after she has taken the potion will die within eight days .
Sent 7: Together they devise a plan to kidnap a stranger to sleep with Lucrezia and draw out the poison .
Sent 8: Callimaco then disguises himself and arranges to be the one who is kidnapped .
Sent 9: Lucrezia is an honorable woman and does not at first agree to meet with the stranger .
Sent 10: Nicia gets both Lucrezia's mother , a woman of ill repute , and her confessor Brother Timoteo , a priest of low morals , to aid in convincing Lucrezia of the necessity of the plan .
Sent 11: After finally sleeping with Lucrezia , Callimaco confesses everything .
Sent 12: Lucrezia gives thought to the duplicity of her husband , her mother , and her confessor , and decides that she now wants Callimaco as a lover forever .
Sent 13: Callimaco gets what he had desired and everyone else continues to believe that each had outwitted the others ", "answer groups": ["Because she gives thought to the duplicity of her husband , her mother , and her confessor", "Because Callimaco was honest and he confessed the truth, where as all others lied to her", "To spite her family"], "distractor groups": ["Because she loved Lucrezia", "She fell in love", "Because she wanted a child", "Because she slept with Callimaco"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does Scheherazade's plan work to keep her alive and cure the sultan?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The series starts in Baghdad at an undetermined time .
Sent 2: The Sultan Shahryar has gone mad after accidentally killing his wife during a failed coup d' tat , Which she had planned with Shahryar's brother Schahzenan .
Sent 3: In his madness , Shahryar believes that all women now want to kill him , but the law states that the Sultan must be married again or the throne will be passed to his brother .
Sent 4: Shahryar therefore orders Grand Vizier Ja'Far ( ( ( Jim Carter to bring him a harem girl to marry and then have executed the next day .
Sent 5: In order to prevent this , the Grand Vizier's clever daughter , Scheherazade , decides to marry the Sultan herself .
Sent 6: Scheherazade has a plan to prevent her execution and at the same time cure the Sultan of his madness .
Sent 7: With the help of some tutoring from a bazaar storyteller , Scheherazade tells the Sultan a story every night , stopping at dawn with a cliffhanger and refusing to continue until dusk .
Sent 8: Shahryar must therefore let Scheherazade live for another day in order to hear the rest of the story .
Sent 9: Cunningly , Scheherazade has hidden a moral within every story , to bring the Sultan out of his madness .
Sent 10: Meanwhile , Schahzenan hears about the Sultan's madness and that he is unable to execute Scheherazade .
Sent 11: Perceiving this as weakness , Schahzenan leads his army to Baghdad in an attempt to take the throne by force .
Sent 12: However , by the time Schahzenan's army reaches the city , Scheherazade's plan has worked .
Sent 13: As a result of her stories , Shahryar has overcome his madness and has fallen in love with Scheherazade ", "answer groups": ["She told a story every night until morning without finishing it", "Anecdotal morals", "Story telling", "She tells the sultan a clever story with a healing moral hidden within every night but refuses to give up the ending until the next day"], "distractor groups": ["Psychotherapy", "Lying", "She made sultan sleep until morining"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where and Why was Einstein introduced to the famous actor?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After arriving in New York City, Einstein was taken to various places and events, including Chinatown, a lunch with the editors of the New York Times, and a performance of Carmen at the Metropolitan Opera, where he was cheered by the audience on his arrival.
Sent 2: During the days following, he was given the keys to the city by Mayor Jimmy Walker and met the president of Columbia University, who described Einstein as \"The ruling monarch of the mind.\"
Sent 3: Harry Emerson Fosdick, pastor at New York's Riverside Church, gave Einstein a tour of the church and showed him a full-size statue that the church made of Einstein, standing at the entrance.
Sent 4: Also during his stay in New York, he joined a crowd of 15,000 people at Madison Square Garden during a Hanukkah celebration.
Sent 5: Einstein next traveled to California where he met Caltech president and Nobel laureate, Robert A. Millikan.
Sent 6: His friendship with Millikan was \"awkward\", as Millikan \"had a penchant for patriotic militarism,\" where Einstein was a pronounced pacifist.
Sent 7: During an address to Caltech's students, Einstein noted that science was often inclined to do more harm than good.
Sent 8: This aversion to war also led Einstein to befriend author Upton Sinclair and film star Charlie Chaplin, both noted for their pacifism.
Sent 9: Carl Laemmle, head of Universal Studios, gave Einstein a tour of his studio and introduced him to Chaplin.
Sent 10: They had an instant rapport, with Chaplin inviting Einstein and his wife, Elsa, to his home for dinner.
Sent 11: Chaplin said Einstein's outward persona, calm and gentle, seemed to conceal a \"highly emotional temperament,\" from which came his \"extraordinary intellectual energy.\"
Sent 12: Chaplin also remembers Elsa telling him about the time Einstein conceived his theory of relativity.
Sent 13: During breakfast one morning, he seemed lost in thought and ignored his food.
Sent 14: She asked him if something was bothering him.
Sent 15: He sat down at his piano and started playing.
Sent 16: He continued playing and writing notes for half an hour, then went upstairs to his study, where he remained for two weeks, with Elsa bringing up his food.
Sent 17: At the end of the two weeks he came downstairs with two sheets of paper bearing his theory.
Sent 18: Chaplin's film, City Lights, was to premier a few days later in Hollywood, and Chaplin invited Einstein and Elsa to join him as his special guests", "answer groups": ["Universal Studios", "Both noted for pacifism", "Einstein was introduced to Chaplain at Universal Studios after finding out that he was a pacifist as well"], "distractor groups": ["He was introduced to charlie chaplain at universal studios because they were both inclined to do more harm than good", "He was introduced to fred astare", "Hollywood", "Both interested in science"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is gravity?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: So what is gravity?
Sent 2: A typical definition of gravity is that it is a force.
Sent 3: It causes an attraction between two masses.
Sent 4: According to this definition, anything that has mass exerts a force.
Sent 5: Any object exerts gravity on other objects.
Sent 6: It does not matter how small it is, it has gravity.
Sent 7: The more matter an object has, the more gravity it has.
Sent 8: Your pencil has a tiny bit of gravity, but far too little to notice.
Sent 9: What about a planet?
Sent 10: It would have a lot of gravity.
Sent 11: An objects gravity exerts a pull on other objects.
Sent 12: Friction only occurs between objects that are touching.
Sent 13: Gravity can act between objects that are not touching.
Sent 14: In fact, gravity can act over very long distances.
Sent 15: Where else can you feel gravity", "answer groups": ["a force", "The force of attraction between two masses"], "distractor groups": ["a troll", "The force of repultion between two masses", "distance"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What do wood and gasoline have in common?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Energy often changes from one form to another.
Sent 2: For example, the drummer transfers motion to sound energy.
Sent 3: When the moving drumstick strikes the drum head, the drum starts to vibrate.
Sent 4: The motion of the vibrating drum head creates the sound you hear.
Sent 5: Any form of energy can change into any other form.
Sent 6: Frequently, one form of energy changes into two or more different forms.
Sent 7: Have you ever sat in front of a campfire?
Sent 8: What are two things you notice?
Sent 9: The fire creates light.
Sent 10: It is also warm by the fire, meaning it creates heat.
Sent 11: The energy of the fire comes from the stored energy in the wood.
Sent 12: The wood contains chemical energy.
Sent 13: As it burns, the chemical energy is changed into light and heat.
Sent 14: Not all chemical energy changes produce light and heat.
Sent 15: Our cars use gasoline as a fuel.
Sent 16: Gasoline contains chemical energy.
Sent 17: When our cars burn gasoline in their engines, it is converted into motion and heat.
Sent 18: When energy changes forms, energy is conserved", "answer groups": ["They both have stored chemical energy", "They both contain chemical energy", "They contain chemical energy", "They contain chemical energy and they both burn"], "distractor groups": ["They both give out different forms of energies", "They are made of the same matter", "They both cause motion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the four types of climates discussed?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Temperate climates have moderate temperatures.
Sent 2: These climates vary in how much rain they get and when the rain falls.
Sent 3: You can see different types of temperate climates in Figure 2.40.
Sent 4: Mediterranean climates are found on the western coasts of continents.
Sent 5: The coast of California has a Mediterranean climate.
Sent 6: Temperatures are mild and rainfall is moderate.
Sent 7: Most of the rain falls in the winter, and summers are dry.
Sent 8: To make it through the dry summers, short woody plants are common.
Sent 9: Marine west coast climates are also found on the western coasts of continents.
Sent 10: The coast of Washington State has this type of climate.
Sent 11: Temperatures are mild and theres plenty of rainfall all year round.
Sent 12: Dense fir forests grow in this climate.
Sent 13: Humid subtropical climates are found on the eastern sides of continents.
Sent 14: The southeastern U.S. has this type of climate.
Sent 15: Summers are hot and humid, but winters are chilly.
Sent 16: There is moderate rainfall throughout the year.
Sent 17: Pine and oak forests grow in this climate", "answer groups": ["Temperate Climates", "Mediterranean", "Temperate", "Humid Subtropical Climates", "Marine West Coast", "Mediterranean Climate"], "distractor groups": ["Saharan Climate", "Winter spring summer fall", "Subarctic Climate", "Polar Climate"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did Ginny Kilgore receive at a dinner as recognition for laboring with little or no compensation to residents in the 39 north Mississippi counties?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Catherine V. \"Ginny\" Kilgore of Oxford, an attorney with North Mississippi Rural Legal Services, has been recognized for her dedication to serving the indigent.
Sent 2: Kilgore - who oversees delivering legal services to the disabled and elderly in 39 north Mississippi counties - is recipient of the University of Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award.
Sent 3: The award was announced recently at a dinne r, held in Kilgore's honor and hosted by law school Dean Samuel M. Davis, who presented her with an engraved plaque.
Sent 4: \"Ginny Kilgore is a public servant in the truest sense,\" said Davis.
Sent 5: \"Her selection continues the tradition of this award in recognizing those who have labored in the trenches, with little or no compensation but with great professional and personal satisfaction in helping to bring justice and equality to those who need it most.\"
Sent 6: \"This award means a great deal to me,\" Kilgore said, pointing to others so honored.
Sent 7: \"The work of those who received the award before me has been so important; I feel very honored.\"
Sent 8: After earning bachelor's and master's degrees in education and a few years teaching, Kilgore enrolled at the UM law school.
Sent 9: Upon graduation in 1975, she entered private law practice in Oxford, joining NMRLS in 1978.
Sent 10: Since then, she has earned promotions from managing attorney, senior attorney, then director of the Council on Aging project.
Sent 11: Since 1990, she has worked in the Administrative Law Unit and Resource Development, and directed the Elder Law Project, serving the northern half of the state.
Sent 12: She also is an adjunct professor in the UM law school's Civil Law Clinic.
Sent 13: She held a similar post a few years ago in the school's Elder Law Clinic.
Sent 14: Kilgore says she's found her niche.
Sent 15: \"I've always thought it was important to do work to help people.
Sent 16: I really enjoy it.
Sent 17: The issues I've dealt with through the years have been on the side of helping people maintain the basics of life - home, healt h care, jobs and family.\"
Sent 18: She says her desire to serve others was sparked early, growing up in a single-parent home, aware that her widowed mother faced certain challenges as she supported her four children through public school and college", "answer groups": ["She was given an engraved plaque", "University of Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award"], "distractor groups": ["Yorke Prize", "University of Mississippi School of Law's 2005 Public Service Award", "Nobel Peace Prize", "University of Mississippi School of Law's 2012 Public Service Award", "Helmuth-James-von-Moltke-Preis", "University of North Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award", "Brandeis Medal"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How was Pilar Gonzalez Ferreira killed?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Madrid, Spain (CNN) -- Relatives of a woman killed in a Spanish airline crash were erroneously given the remains of another victim, and then were asked by authorities to return them, CNN partner network CNN+ reported Thursday.
Sent 2: The victims of the crash were first laid out at a Madria convention center.
Sent 3: A Madrid judge has opened an investigation into the error, and judicial sources say the initial indication is that the mixup occurred not in the proper identification of the victim, but in delivering the wrong remains to the family in question, CNN+ reported.
Sent 4: The family Wednesday received an urn numbered 104, and were told it contained the ashes of their loved one, Pilar Gonzalez Ferreira, who died in the crash.
Sent 5: But as the family was preparing to leave Madrid, officials called to tell them about the error and asked for the return of urn 104, CNN+ reported.
Sent 6: Instead of urn 104, the family was supposed to have received urn 134, which actually contains the remains of Pilar Gonzalez, CNN+ reported, citing judicial sources and another family which also lost a relative in the crash.
Sent 7: The Spanair MD82 jet crashed last week at Madrid's airport as the plane was trying to take off, killing 154 people.
Sent 8: The aircraft, bound for Spain's Canary Islands, managed to rise only slightly before coming down quickly to the right of the runway, its tail section hitting the ground first, just off the asphalt.
Sent 9: Then the out-of-control plane skidded and bounced at least three times as it careered 1,200 meters (3,840 feet) across uneven terrain and exploded, coming to rest in a gully, a top official of the investigative commission told a news conference in Madrid on Tuesday.
Sent 10: Many of the bodies were badly charred from the fire, and authorities have used DNA samples to carry out numerous identifications", "answer groups": ["Spanish airline crash", "In a plane crash during takeoff at Madrid Airport. The plane exploded after skidding for 1,200m over uneven terrain", "Plane crash"], "distractor groups": ["Helicopter crash", "Road crash", "Officials"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What uniform did Grim use to disguise himself?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Grim disappeared upstairs himself, and returned about ten minutes later in the uniform of a Shereefian officer--that is to say, of Emir Feisul's Syrian army.
Sent 2: Nothing could be smarter, not anything better calculated to disguise a man.
Sent 3: Disguise, as any actor or detective can tell you, is not so much a matter of make- up as suggestion.
Sent 4: It is little mannerisms--unstudied habits that identify.
Sent 5: The suggestion that you are some one else is the thing to strive for, not the concealment of who you really are.
Sent 6: Grim's skin had been sun-tanned in the Arab campaign under Lawrence against the Turks.
Sent 7: The Shereefian helmet is a compromise between the East and West, having a strip of cloth hanging down behind it as far as the shoulders and covering the ears on either side, to take the place of the Arab head-dress.
Sent 8: The khaki uniform had just enough of Oriental touch about it to distinguish it from that of a British officer.
Sent 9: No man inexperienced in disguise would dream of choosing it; for the simple reason that it would not seem to him disguise enough.
Sent 10: Yet Grim now looked so exactly like somebody else that it was hard to believe he was the same man who had been in the room ten minutes before.
Sent 11: His mimicry of the Syrian military walk--blended of pride and desire not to seem proud--was perfect", "answer groups": ["He used a uniform of a Shereefian Officer of Emir Feisul's Syrian army", "The uniform of a Shereefian officer"], "distractor groups": ["He used a military uniform"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Does moving water have kinetic energy?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Flowing water causes sediment to move.
Sent 2: Flowing water can erode both rocks and soil.
Sent 3: You have already learned that materials can dissolve in water.
Sent 4: With enough time, even rocks can be dissolved by water.
Sent 5: This process happens really slowly.
Sent 6: It may take over a million years to dissolve a rock.
Sent 7: It doesnt matter how big the rock is.
Sent 8: With enough time, flowing water can dissolve it.
Sent 9: Moving water also has the ability to move small pieces of rock and soil.
Sent 10: How can water move a rock?
Sent 11: Doesnt it need energy?
Sent 12: Of course, water gets its energy because it is moving.
Sent 13: Moving water has kinetic energy.
Sent 14: Things that have more energy can do more work.
Sent 15: When water stops moving it will have no energy.
Sent 16: It will no longer be able to move the rock and soil.
Sent 17: When this happens the rock and soil will settle to the bottom of the calm water.
Sent 18: Scientists call this process deposition", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Moving water has kinetic energy"], "distractor groups": ["No it does not have kinetic energy", "No"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the right conditions for plants to grow in?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Plants also detect the daily cycle of light and darkness.
Sent 2: Do you know how plants respond to these changes?
Sent 3: Some plants open their leaves during the day.
Sent 4: It is during these hours the plant can collect sunlight.
Sent 5: At night, the plant closes its leaves to prevent water loss.
Sent 6: Many plants respond to the change in the length of the day.
Sent 7: As days grow shorter, some plants respond by going dormant.
Sent 8: Dormant is when a plant suspends its growth.
Sent 9: It does this in order to survive.
Sent 10: Shorter days signal the coming of winter.
Sent 11: Winter in most areas means extreme cold.
Sent 12: It is also very dry in the winter months.
Sent 13: As winter approaches, some plants respond by their leaves changing color.
Sent 14: After the change in color, they fall off.
Sent 15: This dormancy period helps trees.
Sent 16: It allows them to survive the cold and dry winter.
Sent 17: Plants only want to grow when conditions are right", "answer groups": ["Warm and moist conditions", "There needs to be sunlight and water", "Long days, enough moisture and warmer temperature"], "distractor groups": ["Very dry and hot conditions", "Somewhat cold and dry"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What course did Atta transfer to, where he received a degree, while living with host family in Hamburg?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Although Bin Laden, Atef, and KSM initially contemplated using established al Qaeda members to execute the planes operation, the late 1999 arrival in Kandahar of four aspiring jihadists from Germany suddenly presented a more attractive alternative.
Sent 2: The Hamburg group shared the anti-U.S. fervor of the other candidates for the operation, but added the enormous advantages of fluency in English and familiarity with life in the West, based on years that each member of the group had spent living in Germany.
Sent 3: Not surprisingly, Mohamed Atta, Ramzi Binalshibh, Marwan al Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah would all become key players in the 9/11 conspiracy.
Sent 4: Mohamed Atta was born on September 1, 1968, in Kafr el Sheikh, Egypt, to a middle-class family headed by his father, an attorney.
Sent 5: After graduating from Cairo University with a degree in architectural engineering in 1990, Atta worked as an urban planner in Cairo for a couple of years.
Sent 6: In the fall of 1991, he asked a German family he had met in Cairo to help him continue his education in Germany.
Sent 7: They suggested he come to Hamburg and invited him to live with them there, at least initially.
Sent 8: After completing a course in German, Atta traveled to Germany for the first time in July 1992.
Sent 9: He resided briefly in Stuttgart and then, in the fall of 1992, moved to Hamburg to live with his host family.
Sent 10: After enrolling at the University of Hamburg, he promptly transferred into the city engineering and planning course at the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, where he would remain registered as a student until the fall of 1999.
Sent 11: He appears to have applied himself fairly seriously to his studies (at least in comparison to his jihadist friends) and actually received his degree shortly before traveling to Afghanistan.
Sent 12: In school, Atta came across as very intelligent and reasonably pleasant, with an excellent command of the German language.
Sent 13: When Atta arrived in Germany, he appeared religious, but not fanatically so.
Sent 14: This would change, especially as his tendency to assert leadership became increasingly pronounced.
Sent 15: According to Binalshibh, as early as 1995 Atta sought to organize a Muslim student association in Hamburg.
Sent 16: In the fall of 1997, he joined a working group at the Quds mosque in Hamburg, a group designed to bridge the gap between Muslims and Christians.
Sent 17: Atta proved a poor bridge, however, because of his abrasive and increasingly dogmatic personality.
Sent 18: But among those who shared his beliefs, Atta stood out as a decisionmaker", "answer groups": ["Engineering and Planning", "City engineering and Planning"], "distractor groups": ["Architectural Engineering", "German"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the process called when the nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The center of an atom is held together by powerful forces.
Sent 2: This gives them a huge amount of stored energy.
Sent 3: This type of energy is called nuclear energy.
Sent 4: This energy can be released and used to do work.
Sent 5: This happens in nuclear power plants where they split apart the nucleus of an atom.
Sent 6: This splitting apart is called nuclear fission.
Sent 7: Another type of nuclear energy happens in the Sun.
Sent 8: Here the atoms nuclei are not split apart.
Sent 9: Instead, the nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together.
Sent 10: This process is called nuclear fusion.
Sent 11: Some of the suns energy travels to Earth.
Sent 12: This energy from nuclear fusion warms the planet and provides the energy for photosynthesis", "answer groups": ["This process is called nuclear fusion", "Fusion", "Nuclei undergo go fusion when joining", "Nuclear fusion"], "distractor groups": ["Photosynthesis", "Nuclear fission", "kinetic energy", "Electron Sharing"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does James fit into the usual clientele of MALS?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Thelma James was a prime candidate for a real estate ripoff: She is 68, has precious little money and can't read or write.
Sent 2: \"I won't lie to you.
Sent 3: I was so-o-o excited,\" the widow and former duplex dweller said of the purchase of her first home, a sagging frame structure on Snowden.
Sent 4: \"I was glad to get me a house.\"
Sent 5: When James realized she had been swindled she turned to Memphis Area Legal Services, which represented her in a lawsuit.
Sent 6: Now, James's monthly house notes have dropped from 796 - more than twice her monthly income - to an affordable 247.
Sent 7: Some of the people who took advantage of her through a questionable loan program were sent to jail.
Sent 8: \"I don't know what I would have done without Legal Services,\" said James.
Sent 9: \"They solved a lot of my problems.\"
Sent 10: James is one of more than 3,000 clients served last year by MALS, which provides assistance for civil matters, such as domestic abuse and family-related problems, Social Security and Supplemental Security Income, veterans, housing and consumer fraud cases.
Sent 11: Like James, most clients are elderly or female.
Sent 12: Some are handicapped.
Sent 13: Some need medical care or veteran's benefits.
Sent 14: Some are trying to escape eviction or an abusive marriage.
Sent 15: And 87 percent live at or below poverty level.
Sent 16: Shelby County Mayor A C Wharton recently said Legal Services is important for those who, because of poverty or other struggles in life, think justice is an empty word.
Sent 17: \"They must be given reason to believe that the law is for them too,\" said Wharton, a former executive director of MALS.
Sent 18: But MALS faces a funding crunch next year, brought on by a 200,000 shortfall from three revenue sources", "answer groups": ["She's illiterate", "She is poor", "She is elderly and female", "Female", "Elderly"], "distractor groups": ["She's happy", "She is a veteran", "Rich", "She is handicapped"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the Secret Service not realize when it first set up precautions around the White House complex?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Agencies Confer When they learned a second plane had struck the World Trade Center, nearly everyone in the White House told us, they immediately knew it was not an accident.
Sent 2: The Secret Service initiated a number of security enhancements around the White House complex.
Sent 3: The officials who issued these orders did not know that there were additional hijacked aircraft, or that one such aircraft was en route to Washington.
Sent 4: These measures were precautionary steps taken because of the strikes in New York.
Sent 5: The FAA and White House Teleconferences.
Sent 6: The FAA, the White House, and the Defense Department each initiated a multiagency teleconference before 9:30.
Sent 7: Because none of these teleconferences-at least before 10:00- included the right officials from both the FAA and Defense Department, none succeeded in meaningfully coordinating the military and FAA response to the hijackings.
Sent 8: At about 9:20, security personnel at FAA headquarters set up a hijacking teleconference with several agencies, including the Defense Department.
Sent 9: The NMCC officer who participated told us that the call was monitored only periodically because the information was sporadic, it was of little value, and there were other important tasks.
Sent 10: The FAA manager of the teleconference also remembered that the military participated only briefly before the Pentagon was hit.
Sent 11: Both individuals agreed that the teleconference played no role in coordinating a response to the attacks of 9/11.
Sent 12: Acting Deputy Administrator Belger was frustrated to learn later in the morning that the military had not been on the call.
Sent 13: At the White House, the video teleconference was conducted from the Situation Room by Richard Clarke, a special assistant to the president long involved in counterterrorism.
Sent 14: Logs indicate that it began at 9:25 and included the CIA; the FBI; the departments of State, Justice, and Defense; the FAA; and the White House shelter.
Sent 15: The FAA and CIA joined at 9:40.
Sent 16: The first topic addressed in the White House video teleconference-at about 9:40-was the physical security of the President, the White House, and federal agencies.
Sent 17: Immediately thereafter it was reported that a plane had hit the Pentagon.
Sent 18: We found no evidence that video teleconference participants had any prior information that American 77 had been hijacked and was heading directly toward Washington", "answer groups": ["They did not know an additional plane was headed to Washington", "That another plane was on its way to Washington"], "distractor groups": ["That this wasn't an accident", "That the planes were hijacked"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Why is it thought that the intensive search in the South China Sea was worthless?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Before the mysterious disappearance of one of its passenger jets this month, Malaysia wasn't a country used to finding itself dominating headlines around the world.
Sent 2: Some of its Southeast Asian neighbors, including Indonesia and the Philippines, have suffered devastating natural disasters in recent years and are all too familiar with the media frenzy that accompanies a major crisis.
Sent 3: But Malaysia has largely managed to stay out of the international spotlight since its independence from British colonial rule more than half a century ago.
Sent 4: \"It is one of these countries, because of its geography, that doesn't have earthquakes,\" said Ernest Bower, senior adviser for Southeast Asia studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Sent 5: \"It doesn't have tsunamis.
Sent 6: It hasn't been tested with a disaster like this.\"
Sent 7: The disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 has thrust the government into the dazzling glare of worldwide attention.
Sent 8: And it hasn't emerged with very good grades.
Sent 9: \"I think on a stress test, they're failing,\" Bower told CNN's Jake Tapper, pointing to the government's coordination of different agencies and communication with other countries.
Sent 10: China among critics Criticism and complaints have come from other countries involved in the search for the missing plane, including China and Vietnam, and from the relatives of passengers.
Sent 11: Malaysian officials have created confusion by issuing contradictory statements on key aspects of the investigation.
Sent 12: The majority of the people on board the plane were Chinese, and Beijing has increasingly voiced its displeasure with the search, especially after Malaysia announced over the weekend that evidence suggested the plane had been deliberately flown west into the Indian Ocean, away from its last confirmed location over the South China Sea.
Sent 13: \"The new information means the intensive search in the South China Sea for the whole past week was worthless and would never bear fruit,\" said a commentary published by China's state-run news agency Xinhua.
Sent 14: \"Even worse, the golden time for saving possible survivors, if any, was generously wasted", "answer groups": ["Because Malaysia said the plane had been flown west, not east", "Because Malaysia said that it was flown into the Indian Ocean", "There was evidence the search was taking place in the wrong location", "Because Malaysia announced evidence that the plane had been deliberately flown west into the Indian Ocean and therefore was not in the South China Sea"], "distractor groups": ["Because Malaysia said the plane was destroyed by terrorists", "Because there were no survivors", "There was new evidence that the plane was flown into the South China Sea"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did Bin Laden fear causing him to evacuate al Qaeda's Kandahar airport compound?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: While Nashiri was in Afghanistan, Nibras and Khamri saw their chance.
Sent 2: They piloted the explosives-laden boat alongside the USS Cole, made friendly gestures to crew members, and detonated the bomb.
Sent 3: Quso did not arrive at the apartment in time to film the attack.
Sent 4: Back in Afghanistan, Bin Laden anticipated U.S. military retaliation.
Sent 5: He ordered the evacuation of al Qaeda's Kandahar airport compound and fled- first to the desert area near Kabul, then to Khowst and Jalalabad, and eventually back to Kandahar.
Sent 6: In Kandahar, he rotated between five to six residences, spending one night at each residence.
Sent 7: In addition, he sent his senior advisor, Mohammed Atef, to a different part of Kandahar and his deputy, Ayman al Zawahiri, to Kabul so that all three could not be killed in one attack.
Sent 8: There was no American strike.
Sent 9: In February 2001, a source reported that an individual whom he identified as the big instructor (probably a reference to Bin Laden) complained frequently that the United States had not yet attacked.
Sent 10: According to the source, Bin Laden wanted the United States to attack, and if it did not he would launch something bigger.
Sent 11: The attack on the USS Cole galvanized al Qaeda's recruitment efforts.
Sent 12: Following the attack, Bin Laden instructed the media committee, then headed by Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, to produce a propaganda video that included a reenactment of the attack along with images of the al Qaeda training camps and training methods; it also highlighted Muslim suffering in Palestine, Kashmir, Indonesia, and Chechnya.
Sent 13: Al Qaeda's image was very important to Bin Laden, and the video was widely disseminated.
Sent 14: Portions were aired on Al Jazeera, CNN, and other television outlets.
Sent 15: It was also disseminated among many young men in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, and caused many extremists to travel to Afghanistan for training and jihad.
Sent 16: Al Qaeda members considered the video an effective tool in their struggle for preeminence among other Islamist and jihadist movements", "answer groups": ["U.S. military retaliation", "Bin Laden anticipated U.S. military retaliation"], "distractor groups": ["The USS Cole", "Bin Laden anticipated nothing", "There is no U.S. military retaliation"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why would a gold ring and a gold nugget have the same properties?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["Gold no matter what form is composed of atoms that contain the same elemental properties including the same structure, same properties and the same number of protons", "All gold atoms have the same structure and properties", "Atoms of gold are all the same"], "distractor groups": ["Atoms of gold are all different"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do garden warblers use the earth's magnetic field to guide animal migration?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Earths magnetic field helps protect Earth and its organisms.
Sent 2: It protects us from harmful particles given off by the sun.
Sent 3: Most of the particles are attracted to the north and south magnetic poles.
Sent 4: This is where Earths magnetic field is strongest.
Sent 5: This is also where relatively few organisms live.
Sent 6: Another benefit of Earths magnetic field is its use for navigation.
Sent 7: People use compasses to detect Earths magnetic north pole.
Sent 8: Knowing this helps them tell direction.
Sent 9: Many animals have natural 'compasses' that work just as well.
Sent 10: Birds like the garden warbler in Figure 1.36 use Earths magnetic field.
Sent 11: They use it to guide their annual migrations.
Sent 12: Recent research suggests that warblers and other migrating birds have structures in their eyes.
Sent 13: These structures let them see Earths magnetic field as a visual pattern", "answer groups": ["Have structures in their eyes that let them see Earths magnetic field as a visual pattern", "Recent research suggests that warblers and other migrating birds have structures in their eyes. These structures let them see Earths magnetic field as a visual pattern"], "distractor groups": ["Using antenna", "Direction", "Have structures in their eyes that let them see Earths magnetic field as a flying pattern", "Visual pattern", "Telepathy", "Sound echos off of objects", "Have structures in their eyes that let them see Moon's magnetic field as a visual pattern", "Have structures in their tongues that let them see Earths magnetic field as a visual pattern"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does the digestive system do regarding waste?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The digestive system is the body system that digests food.
Sent 2: It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically.
Sent 3: Both help in the process of turning food into nutrients.
Sent 4: The digestive system also eliminates solid food waste.
Sent 5: The major organs of the digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large in- testines.
Sent 6: These organs all work together to help you gain energy from the food you eat.
Sent 7: Digestion starts in the mouth.
Sent 8: When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach.
Sent 9: In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place.
Sent 10: Most chemical digestion and nearly all absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine.
Sent 11: This organ consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Sent 12: The large intestine is the last stop in the digestive system.
Sent 13: This is where water is absorbed.
Sent 14: The food not digested is released as waste", "answer groups": ["Eliminates", "It eliminates solid food waste and releases it from the body", "Waste is released", "It removes them"], "distractor groups": ["Chemically decomposes it", "Nothing", "Waste is absorbed", "Waste is turned into nutrients", "It absorbs them"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are differences between gold and copper?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["Gold is more rare and expensive than copper and is a better conductor of electricity", "Gold is more expensive than copper"], "distractor groups": ["Copper is more expensive than gold", "Copper is more rare and expensive than gold and is a better conductor of electricity"]}, {"question": " Barnett's cult his primary objective?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Patricia Cross and her boyfriend Larry Osborne , two students in a San Francisco school , become expelled for the publication of an off-campus underground paper .
Sent 2: As a result , a philosophy professor , Dr. Jonathon Barnett , resigns his teaching position and decides to become an advocate for the counterculture youth movement and , specifically , the use of LSD .
Sent 3: The hippies of the Haight-Ashbury district first see him as a hero and then as something even more .
Sent 4: Dr. Barnett even makes an appearance on the Joe Pyne TV show to voice his support of the hippie community and the use of LSD .
Sent 5: One scheming young man sees the opportunity to build Dr. Barnett as the head of a cult centered around the use of LSD .
Sent 6: He hopes to earn profit from the users , Dr. Barnett's speeches known as `` happenings , '' and their lifestyles .
Sent 7: At a massive LSD-fueled dance , Patricia begins to have a bad trip Which leads to an argument between her and Pat , ultimately splitting the couple up .
Sent 8: After Patricia realizes that she's pregnant , Dr. Barnett advises her to have an abortion , ultimately leading to Patricia attempting suicide .
Sent 9: However , Larry saves her and makes the destruction of Dr. Barnett's cult his primary objective .
Sent 10: Larry shoots Dr. Barnett from the crowd at one of his massive speeches .
Sent 11: As another hippie in attendance calms the audience and Elliot sees his new leader for their cult-like organization , Larry realizes that his assassination of Dr. Barnett simply made him a martyr for the hippie movement .
: What caused Larry to make the destruction of Dr", "answer groups": ["His ex-girlfriend Patricia was pregnant and Dr. Barnett advises her to have an abortion , ultimately leading to Patricia attempting suicide but saves her and this make the destruction of Dr. Barnett's cult his primary objective", "Patricia's pregnancy leads to suicide attempt"], "distractor groups": ["Destruction"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What affect does gravitational potential energy have on leaves?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Gravitational Potential Energy is affected by position.
Sent 2: Like the leaves on trees, anything that is raised up has the potential to fall.
Sent 3: It has potential energy.
Sent 4: You can see examples of people with gravitational potential energy in 1.5 Figure below.
Sent 5: Gravitational potential energy depends on two things.
Sent 6: It depends on its weight, because a large falling rock can do more damage than a leaf falling from a tree.
Sent 7: It also depends on its height above the ground.
Sent 8: Like the skateboarder, the higher the ramp, the faster he will be going when he reaches the bottom.
Sent 9: Like all energy, gravitational potential energy has the ability to do work.
Sent 10: In this case, weight has the potential to deliver a force.
Sent 11: More important for us is that it has the ability to cause change.
Sent 12: What kind of change you may ask?
Sent 13: Gravitational potential energy has the ability to cause motion", "answer groups": ["It gives it the potential to move", "The can fall", "Gravitational Potential Energy"], "distractor groups": ["They change color"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What two things can gravitation potential energy do?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Gravitational Potential Energy is affected by position.
Sent 2: Like the leaves on trees, anything that is raised up has the potential to fall.
Sent 3: It has potential energy.
Sent 4: You can see examples of people with gravitational potential energy in 1.5 Figure below.
Sent 5: Gravitational potential energy depends on two things.
Sent 6: It depends on its weight, because a large falling rock can do more damage than a leaf falling from a tree.
Sent 7: It also depends on its height above the ground.
Sent 8: Like the skateboarder, the higher the ramp, the faster he will be going when he reaches the bottom.
Sent 9: Like all energy, gravitational potential energy has the ability to do work.
Sent 10: In this case, weight has the potential to deliver a force.
Sent 11: More important for us is that it has the ability to cause change.
Sent 12: What kind of change you may ask?
Sent 13: Gravitational potential energy has the ability to cause motion", "answer groups": ["Ability to deliver a force and cause motion", "Deliver a force and do work", "Change , Motion"], "distractor groups": ["Shrink and expand objects"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Does the skin have any control over body temperature and if so in how many ways does it?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You couldnt survive without your skin.
Sent 2: It has many important functions.
Sent 3: The main function of the skin is controlling what enters and leaves the body.
Sent 4: It prevents the loss of too much water from the body.
Sent 5: It also prevents bacteria and other microorganisms from entering the body.
Sent 6: The skin helps maintain a constant body temperature.
Sent 7: It keeps the body cool in two ways.
Sent 8: Sweat from sweat glands in the skin evaporates to cool the body.
Sent 9: Blood vessels in the skin dilate, or widen.
Sent 10: This action increases blood flow to the body surface.
Sent 11: This allows more heat to reach the surface.
Sent 12: The heat is then able to radiate off the body.
Sent 13: The opposite happens to retain body heat.
Sent 14: Blood vessels in the skin constrict, or narrow.
Sent 15: This decreases blood flow to the body surface.
Sent 16: This reduces the amount of heat that reaches the surface.
Sent 17: When this happens, less heat can be lost to the air", "answer groups": ["Yes, the skin does help maintain a constant body temperature and it does in two different ways", "Yes, two", "Yes it controls body temperature by sweat and sweat gland to cool the body"], "distractor groups": ["Yes, and in 3 ways", "Air conditioner", "Yes, three", "Yes, in 5 ways"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why was detective Hoffman shocked when he went to deliver Corbett Denlon to the police?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Convicted murderer Seth Baxter awakens chained to a table beneath a pendulum blade .
Sent 2: A videotape informs him that crushing his hands between the presses will release him ; he does so , but the blade still swings down and violently cuts him in half , while someone watches through a hole in the wall .
Sent 3: The scene cuts to Agent Peter Strahm , who kills Jeff Denlon in self-defense and is sealed in the sickroom .
Sent 4: He finds a hidden passage with a tape recorder that warns him to stay in the sickroom , but ignores it .
Sent 5: He is attacked by a pig-masked figure in the passage and awakens with his head sealed in a box slowly filling with water , Which he survives by performing a tracheotomy using a pen .
Sent 6: Outside the plant , Detective Mark Hoffman delivers Corbett Denlon to the police and claims they are the only survivors , and is shocked when Strahm is brought out alive as well .
Sent 7: Jill Tuck is met by John Kramer's attorney , who is administering his will .
Sent 8: She is left a box and a videotape , in Which John stresses the importance of the box's contents .
Sent 9: She opens it with a key hung around her neck and then leaves without disclosing its contents .
Sent 10: In a memorial service held for David Tapp , Steven Sing , Allison Kerry , Eric Matthews , and Daniel Rigg , the five officers killed in action , Hoffman is promoted to detective lieutenant .
Sent 11: He is informed of the death of Agent Lindsey Perez while taking Strahm's phone and goes to the hospital to meet Strahm , who says that Hoffman's name was Perez's last words ", "answer groups": ["Hoffman was shocked when Strahm was brought out alive!", "When Strahm is brought out alive as well"], "distractor groups": ["He finds money"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who did the narrator meet on his journey and what were they on their way to do?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: At length, as I entered the pass, the huge rocks began to close around in all their wild, mysterious impressiveness, when suddenly, as I was gazing eagerly about me, a drove of gray hairy beings came in sight, lumbering toward me with a kind of boneless, wallowing motion like bears.
Sent 2: I never turn back, though often so inclined, and in this particular instance, amid such surroundings, everything seemed singularly unfavorable for the calm acceptance of so grim a company.
Sent 3: Suppressing my fears, I soon discovered that although as hairy as bears and as crooked as summit pines, the strange creatures were sufficiently erect to belong to our own species.
Sent 4: They proved to be nothing more formidable than Mono Indians dressed in the skins of sage-rabbits.
Sent 5: Both the men and the women begged persistently for whisky and tobacco, and seemed so accustomed to denials that I found it impossible to convince them that I had none to give.
Sent 6: Excepting the names of these two products of civilization, they seemed to understand not a word of English; but I afterward learned that they were on their way to Yosemite Valley to feast awhile on trout and procure a load of acorns to carry back through the pass to their huts on the shore of Mono Lake", "answer groups": ["He met Mono Indians who were going to the valley for trout and acorns", "Mono Indian"], "distractor groups": ["China", "India"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: When Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad made his provocative statements where was he visiting in New York?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- As Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad visited the U.N. General Assembly in New York last month, the spotlight was once again on Iran.
Sent 2: And true to form, the Iranian president made his fair share of provocative statements for the Western media.
Sent 3: But while Ahmadinejad's mercurial rants captured our media's attention, back in Iran a coordinated strategy against the women's movement continued.
Sent 4: On the eve of Ahmadinejad's arrival to New York, Shiva Nazar Ahari, a prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison on charges including the vague crime of \"waging war against God\" -- a convenient catch-all offense for anyone who criticizes the regime and its human rights record.
Sent 5: There's no denying it -- Iran's women have had a bad year.
Sent 6: Nazar Ahari joins a steadily increasing number of other women's rights activists who are in prison for no greater crime than their attempt to fight for the rights of the women.
Sent 7: Hengameh Shahidi, Alieh Eghdam Doust, Bahareh Hedayat and Mahdiyeh Golrou have all been sent to Tehran's notorious Evin Prison on trumped-up charges related to their activism.
Sent 8: And while Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, arguably the most internationally recognized Iranian women's rights activist, remains unable to safely return to her country, the government is targeting those affiliated with her for arrest and imprisonment, including her lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and her former aide Jinous Sobhani.
Sent 9: Since the 2009 disputed elections and associated government crackdown on the overall reform movement, the government has increasingly targeted women activists.
Sent 10: The reasons behind this go well beyond the misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership.
Sent 11: Rather, it is more part of a deliberate and calculated strategy of the Iranian authorities to strike at the heart of the regime's greatest vulnerability -- internal legitimacy with its own people.
Sent 12: See more CNN.com opinion articles Iran's government recognizes and fears the broader power of the women activists who have been on the front line of reform in Iran for more than a decade.
Sent 13: One can roughly draw an analogy between the women's movement in Iran to movements of religious groups in Burma or Tibet, or the labor \"solidarity\" movements in the former Eastern bloc and associated labor-Roman Catholic solidarity in Poland -- all advocating initially for the freedoms of a specific group but which provoked government fears for their transformative power to promote broader human rights progress.
Sent 14: While the outside world occasionally reacts to the most egregious manifestations of Iran's repression of women -- such as the international condemnation associated with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian widow sentenced to stoning on charges of alleged adultery -- these events are often portrayed simply as a consequence of the regime's archaic viewpoint about gender", "answer groups": ["The U.N. General Assembly", "The UN Assembly"], "distractor groups": ["Evin Prison"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Outside of whose office is a sign that reads must wear protective gear before coming in?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In her storage room-turned-office, Jennifer Baum works under an expanding leak that is causing the ceiling to turn brown and crumble.
Sent 2: Mold grows in the buckets positioned to catch the water.
Sent 3: She shrugs it off.
Sent 4: Outside her office she has taped up a clear plastic suit, and a sign that reads, \"All employees must don protective gear before coming in.\"
Sent 5: Such is life in limbo.
Sent 6: Nearly a year after Sept. 11, the Legal Aid Society-the lawyers for New York's poor and homeless-remains, well, homeless.
Sent 7: The nonprofit has been barred from returning to its 90 Church St. headquarters, across from the World Trade Center site, because of environmental concerns.
Sent 8: Legal Aid has uncomfortable company.
Sent 9: More than 11,500 New Yorkers continue to work out of temporary space, according to analysis by Manhattan-based real estate brokerage TenantWise.com Inc. and Crain's New York Business.
Sent 10: That's 8% of the 137,000 workers who lost their offices or access to them when the Twin Towers collapsed.
Sent 11: Legal Aid's 450 displaced attorneys and staffers have spent the past 12 months spread among previously unused spaces-some unused for good reason-in the nonprofit's other offices.
Sent 12: It could be another year and a half before they return to their old desks.
Sent 13: They have contended with difficult working conditions as demand for Legal Aid's services is on the rise because of Sept. 11 and the deteriorating economy.
Sent 14: The civil division is spread among a few boroughs.
Sent 15: Their papers and documents, some 20,000 boxes worth, are stuck in a storage facility in Linden, N.J. \"I am counting the days till we can have all the parts back in one place,\" says Steven Banks, Legal Aid's associate attorney in chief.
Sent 16: In the memories of the exiled workers, the old office has achieved mythical proportions.
Sent 17: They say the wood paneling and rugs had the ability to cool emotions and lift spirits.
Sent 18: The Legal Aid office on Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights, where 65 displaced workers have cobbled together space amid the faded and scratched walls, looks more like a bargain basement", "answer groups": ["Jennifer Baum", "Jennifer Baum's"], "distractor groups": ["All employees", "The CFO's", "More than 11,500 New Yorkers"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where was Marion Willey when tenants were evicted and who did he claim was responsible?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: When 74-year-old Penny Sweat was evicted from the HUD-subsidized Glendale Senior Housing in Salt Lake City last month, she moved to a nonsubsidized apartment at five times her previous rent because she was unaware of her rights.
Sent 2: It turns out the manager of the seniors complex, its attorneys and government overseers were unaware, too.
Sent 3: Lee Kemp, a hearing-impaired World War II disabled vet, also was evicted, but he contacted Utah Legal Services and was told to stay put.
Sent 4: Attorney Marty Blaustein then notified Utah Nonprofit Housing Corp., the building's owner, that Kemp's eviction was not legal and that he had a right to a hearing.
Sent 5: That didn't stop Utah Nonprofit Housing's attorneys from then sending Kemp a summons to show cause why he had not moved out.
Sent 6: Meanwhile, Sweat's granddaughter called Salt Lake City housing officials, federal housing officials, state officials and several agents of Utah Nonprofit Housing to find out about her grandmother's rights.
Sent 7: Nobody knew.
Sent 8: Blaustein then took Sweat's case along with Kemp's and demanded her ousting be rectified.
Sent 9: Utah Nonprofit Housing President Marion Willey returned from an out-of-town trip and learned HUD procedures were not followed.
Sent 10: The eviction was activated because of ongoing personality conflicts among seniors in the complex, he said, and the new building manager decided the problems were with Sweat and Kemp.
Sent 11: Several tenants blame other neighbors as perpetrators of the rift, however.
Sent 12: Willey said when his building manager called attorneys retained by the company, they erroneously told her she could go ahead and kick out the tenants.
Sent 13: When she called HUD to make sure, the inquiry got bogged down in bureaucracy and nobody called her back.
Sent 14: Willey says he has offered Sweat and Kemp apartments in another complex operated by his company at their old rates.
Sent 15: He also is retaining new attorneys", "answer groups": ["He was out of town and claimed the building manager called lawyers that told the building manager wrongly to evict", "Out-of-town trip", "Out-of-town trip , building manager", "Sweat and Kemp", "Out of town"], "distractor groups": ["Company", "Utah", "Other neighbors"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: What money was used to pay for the King Street property?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: With a budget of 329 million, LSC provides civil legal assistance to low-income people in every county in America, Kleiman said.
Sent 2: NLAP was created in 1968.
Sent 3: A decade later, the agency used a 50,000 LSC grant to buy a building at 438 King St. in Charleston and 33,000 to buy a building at 201 King St. in Georgetown, according to Erlenborn's letter to Kaynard.
Sent 4: In 1980, NLAP used 63,000 in LSC funds to buy property at 607 Main St. in Conway, the letter said.
Sent 5: On Nov. 14, 2001, NLAP transferred title of the King Street building in Charleston to the Charleston County Bar Association, according to county property records.
Sent 6: The local bar paid 5 for the building, which sits between a redeveloped office building and an antique shop.
Sent 7: The local bar said it would maintain the building for \"legal services to indigent residents of Charleston County and coastal South Carolina,\" the records said.
Sent 8: The King Street building appears to be vacant.
Sent 9: Notices at the entrance direct visitors to the equal justice center on West Montague Avenue in North Charleston.
Sent 10: E. Douglas Pratt-Thomas, president of the local bar, was not available for comment.
Sent 11: Charleston County has not appraised the King Street property because it is tax-exempt.
Sent 12: But Randall Goldman, managing partner of Patrick Properties, which owns buildings from 440 to 456 King St., said he estimates 438 King St. would sell for between 700,000 and 900,000.
Sent 13: \"That building, which was purchased solely with federal legal aid dollars, should be used to provide legal services for poor people in South Carolina,\" Kleiman said.
Sent 14: LSC wants the title to go to the equal justice center in Charleston or \"we want 100 percent of the proceeds from the sale of the building to stay in Charleston.
Sent 15: We are not contemplating taking that money out of South Carolina,\" he said.
Sent 16: Kleiman said if the neighborhood legal program in Charleston \"had honored their obligation, this would not be an issue", "answer groups": ["With federal legal aid dollars", "A $50,000 LSC grant", "LSC grant", "Federal aid dollars", "LSC funds"], "distractor groups": ["Kleinman dollars", "The Bar Association Dollars", "Charleston City dollars", "Proceeds from the sale of 607 Main St. in Conway"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Besides the duelists, who else received the town's honors?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: What a time of it Dawson's Landing was having!
Sent 2: All its life it had been asleep, but now it hardly got a chance for a nod, so swiftly did big events and crashing surprises come along in one another's wake: Friday morning, first glimpse of Real Nobility, also grand reception at Aunt Patsy Cooper's, also great robber raid; Friday evening, dramatic kicking of the heir of the chief citizen in presence of four hundred people; Saturday morning, emergence as practicing lawyer of the long-submerged Pudd'nhead Wilson; Saturday night, duel between chief citizen and titled stranger.
Sent 3: The people took more pride in the duel than in all the other events put together, perhaps.
Sent 4: It was a glory to their town to have such a thing happen there.
Sent 5: In their eyes the principals had reached the summit of human honor.
Sent 6: Everybody paid homage to their names; their praises were in all mouths.
Sent 7: Even the duelists' subordinates came in for a handsome share of the public approbation: wherefore Pudd'nhead Wilson was suddenly become a man of consequence.
Sent 8: When asked to run for the mayoralty Saturday night, he was risking defeat, but Sunday morning found him a made man and his success assured", "answer groups": ["The duelists' subordinates", "The duelist's subordinates also received honors"], "distractor groups": ["The heir of chief citizen", "The robbers", "Aunt Patsy Cooper", "President"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Would two atoms of gold have 79 protons each?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Yes, as all atoms of gold have similar structures and are the same"], "distractor groups": ["No"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Would the atoms of gold in a nugget be different from the atoms of gold in a ring?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["No, as all the atoms of an element are alike and have the same structure and properties", "No"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Larry shoot's Barnett after vowing what?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Patricia Cross and her boyfriend Larry Osborne , two students in a San Francisco school , become expelled for the publication of an off-campus underground paper .
Sent 2: As a result , a philosophy professor , Dr. Jonathon Barnett , resigns his teaching position and decides to become an advocate for the counterculture youth movement and , specifically , the use of LSD .
Sent 3: The hippies of the Haight-Ashbury district first see him as a hero and then as something even more .
Sent 4: Dr. Barnett even makes an appearance on the Joe Pyne TV show to voice his support of the hippie community and the use of LSD .
Sent 5: One scheming young man sees the opportunity to build Dr. Barnett as the head of a cult centered around the use of LSD .
Sent 6: He hopes to earn profit from the users , Dr. Barnett's speeches known as `` happenings , '' and their lifestyles .
Sent 7: At a massive LSD-fueled dance , Patricia begins to have a bad trip Which leads to an argument between her and Pat , ultimately splitting the couple up .
Sent 8: After Patricia realizes that she's pregnant , Dr. Barnett advises her to have an abortion , ultimately leading to Patricia attempting suicide .
Sent 9: However , Larry saves her and makes the destruction of Dr. Barnett's cult his primary objective .
Sent 10: Larry shoots Dr. Barnett from the crowd at one of his massive speeches .
Sent 11: As another hippie in attendance calms the audience and Elliot sees his new leader for their cult-like organization , Larry realizes that his assassination of Dr. Barnett simply made him a martyr for the hippie movement ", "answer groups": ["Destruction of Dr. Barnett's cult his primary objective", "To make destroying the cult his primary objective"], "distractor groups": ["Vowing"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What happened in the town of Olh\u00e3o?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Among the early blows struck for independence was a rebellion in the town of Olh\u00e3o.
Sent 2: On 16 June 1808, the townsfolk\u00a0\u2014\u00a0armed with little more than ancient swords, spears, and stones\u00a0\u2014\u00a0attacked and captured the local French garrison.
Sent 3: It's said that a party of local men then set sail from Olh\u00e3o all the way to Brazil, without maps or navigational aids, to tell the king of the insurrection.
Sent 4: The real battle, however, was waged under the leadership of the Duke of Wellington, whose coalition forces expelled the French after two years of bitter fighting.
Sent 5: The war left Portugal further weakened, and in 1822 its major empire outpost, Brazil, declared independence.
Sent 6: At the same time, a dispute over the crown continually raged between Pedro IV, the absentee monarch who preferred to reign as Emperor of Brazil rather than return to Portugal, and his brother Miguel.
Sent 7: The power struggle, with strong overtones of absolutism versus liberalism, excited the interest and intervention of other powers.
Sent 8: With British help, Pedro defeated Miguel off Cape St. Vincent in 1833, and his expeditionary force marched to Lisbon.
Sent 9: Pedro took the throne, though armed struggle continued for months and the lingering bitterness long after that.
Sent 10: By 1892 Portugal, racked by wars and the continuing expense of maintaining its African colonies (including those of Mozambique and Angola), declared itself bankrupt.
Sent 11: The seeds of discontent with absolutist rule were sown.
Sent 12: Kingdom's End Bloodshed would haunt the remaining years of the Portuguese monarchy.
Sent 13: On 1 February 1908, the royal family was riding in an open carriage along the Lisbon river front plaza, Terreiro do Pa\u00e7o, when an assassin opened fire and killed King Carlos and the heir to the throne, Prince Luis Filipe.
Sent 14: The prince's younger brother, Prince Manuel, was also hit, but he survived and was thus propelled to the throne at the tender age of 19.
Sent 15: Amid republican agitation, a surprise uprising led by elements within the armed forces deposed Manuel in 1910.
Sent 16: Having ruled for less than three years, Manuel died in exile in 1932 in England.
Sent 17: The sudden end of more than seven centuries of monarchy brought confusion and crisis to the country.
Sent 18: Presidents and prime ministers were ushered into and out of office an unbelievable 45 times between 1910 and 1926, until a military revolution suspended Portugal's problematic democracy", "answer groups": ["A rebellion", "On 16 June 1808, the townsfolk \u2014 armed with little more than ancient swords, spears, and stones \u2014 attacked and captured the local French garrison"], "distractor groups": ["A ritual", "The independence"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did kings of Spain visit Madrid?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Though prehistoric remains from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Ages have been unearthed in the Manzanares Valley, prior to Madrid's sudden elevation to capital city in 1561 its history was rather undistinguished.
Sent 2: Over a period of many centuries crucial in Spanish history, Madrid's significance was negligible.
Sent 3: The Romans built their most advanced outpost on the Iberian peninsula, but left nothing of consequence in Madrid.
Sent 4: Armies of North African nomads, intent on disseminating Islam, invaded the peninsula in a.d.
Sent 5: Within 10 years, they had overrun most of Spain.
Sent 6: If Madrid played any role in these pivotal events, no record of it remains.
Sent 7: The first solid references to this obscure settlement on the Castilian plateau, guarded by the looming Guadarrama mountain range, appear in the 9th century.
Sent 8: The Arabic name for \"place of many springs,\" variously recorded as Magerit, Mayrit or Magrit, eventually evolved into Madrid.
Sent 9: The hamlet entered historical chronicles for its military significance; it was located near the main line of resistance to the Christian reconquest.
Sent 10: Over centuries of struggle, the defending Moorish army built a full-scale fort, or Alc\u00e1zar, on the heights of Madrid commanding the Manzanares valley.
Sent 11: After several unsuccessful skirmishes, the Christian forces of Alfonso VI captured Madrid in 1083.
Sent 12: The Alc\u00e1zar became a fort of the crown of Castile.
Sent 13: During a counter-offensive in 1109, the town was overrun by the Moors, but the Christianized fortress held.
Sent 14: The Moors were expelled from the town, but they remained in control of southern Spain for almost four centuries.
Sent 15: Meanwhile, Madrid enjoyed brief prominence in 1308 when king Ferdinand IV and his Cortes, an early version of parliament, held a formal meeting in the fledgling town.
Sent 16: From then on, the kings of Spain began to visit Madrid, where the air was invigorating and the hunting excellent.
Sent 17: Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic monarchs that united all the provinces of Spain, first visited Madrid in 1477", "answer groups": ["Good air", "An early version of parliament, held a formal meeting in the fledgling town, the air was invigorating and the hunting excellent", "Because the air was invigorating and the hunting was excellent", "Good hunting"], "distractor groups": ["Women", "Because of a formal meeting"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is it called when rock and soil settle to the bottom of calm water?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Flowing water causes sediment to move.
Sent 2: Flowing water can erode both rocks and soil.
Sent 3: You have already learned that materials can dissolve in water.
Sent 4: With enough time, even rocks can be dissolved by water.
Sent 5: This process happens really slowly.
Sent 6: It may take over a million years to dissolve a rock.
Sent 7: It doesnt matter how big the rock is.
Sent 8: With enough time, flowing water can dissolve it.
Sent 9: Moving water also has the ability to move small pieces of rock and soil.
Sent 10: How can water move a rock?
Sent 11: Doesnt it need energy?
Sent 12: Of course, water gets its energy because it is moving.
Sent 13: Moving water has kinetic energy.
Sent 14: Things that have more energy can do more work.
Sent 15: When water stops moving it will have no energy.
Sent 16: It will no longer be able to move the rock and soil.
Sent 17: When this happens the rock and soil will settle to the bottom of the calm water.
Sent 18: Scientists call this process deposition", "answer groups": ["Deposition", "Process deposition"], "distractor groups": ["kinetic energy", "Loss energy"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: After Esquival arrived, did the Spanish remain in Nueva Sevilla?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The earliest signs of people on Jamaica are the remains of the Arawak, an AmerIndian society that originated on the north coast of South America.
Sent 2: Arawak peoples migrated to various Caribbean islands, arriving in Jamaica by the beginning of the eighth century.
Sent 3: They were peaceful and lived by \"slash-and-burn\" farming.
Sent 4: For meat, they bred pigs and ate iguana, both native to the island.
Sent 5: They were highly skilled in such manual activities as thatching and weaving.
Sent 6: In fact, the hammock was an AmerIndian invention that remains with us today; it is an object which, more than any other, evokes an image of a warm sunny day on a tropical isle.
Sent 7: The Arawak left a legacy of paintings in places such as Runaway Caves near Discovery Bay, and shards of pottery found at their settlements near Nueva Sevilla and Spanish Town have added a little to our knowledge about them.
Sent 8: Over 200 Arawak sites have been identified, and it is said that when the Spanish arrived in Jamaica there were approximately 100,000 Arawak living on the island.
Sent 9: They called Jamaica \"Xaymaca\" (\"land of wood and water\").
Sent 10: Columbus and the Arrival of Europeans Columbus first arrived in Jamaica on 5 May 1494 at Discovery Bay, where there is now a small park in his honor.
Sent 11: He stayed for only a few days but returned in 1502, landing here when the ships of his fleet became unserviceable; he waited at St. Ann's Bay for help to arrive from Cuba.
Sent 12: After the death of Columbus in 1505, Jamaica became the property of his son Diego, who dispatched Don Juan de Esquivel to the island as Governor.
Sent 13: Esquivel arrived in 1510 and created a base called Nueva Sevilla near St. Ann's Bay, from which he hoped to colonize the rest of the island.
Sent 14: The Spanish immediately began subjugating the Arawak population, many of whom died under the yoke of oppression and of diseases carried by the Europeans.
Sent 15: A number of them committed suicide rather than live the life created for them by the Spanish.
Sent 16: The site of Nueva Sevilla proved to be unhealthy and mosquito-ridden, and in 1534 the Spanish founded Villa de la Vega, today known as Spanish Town.
Sent 17: Pig breeding was the main occupation of these early settlers, but they also planted sugar cane and other crops that required large numbers of laborers.
Sent 18: The number of Arawak had already fallen dramatically, so the Spanish began to import slaves from Africa to work the land; the first Africans arrived in 1517", "answer groups": ["Moved to Villa de la Vega", "No", "No, they moved from Nueva Sevilla to Villa de la Vega due to mosquitoes and unhealthy conditions"], "distractor groups": ["Settled in St. Ann's Bay", "Yes"]}, {"question": "
Sent 15: Having failed and with no work , Diggler returned to the porn industry taking roles in low-budget homosexual films to help support his habit .
Multi Label Question: What has made Diggler Fail at his dream", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dirk Diggler was born as Steven Samuel Adams on April 15 , 1961 outside of Saint Paul , Minnesota .
Sent 2: His parents were a construction worker and a boutique shop owner who attended church every Sunday and believed in God .
Sent 3: Looking for a career as a male model , Diggler dropped out of school at age 16 and left home .
Sent 4: He was discovered at a falafel stand by Jack Horner .
Sent 5: Diggler met his friend , Reed Rothchild , through Horner in 1979 while working on a film .
Sent 6: Horner slowly introduced Diggler to the business until he became noticeable within the industry .
Sent 7: Diggler became a prominent model and began appearing in pornographic films , after Which his career took off .
Sent 8: He had critical and box office hits Which led him to stardom .
Sent 9: The hits and publicity led to fame and money Which led Diggler to the world of drugs .
Sent 10: With the amount of money Diggler was making he was able to support both his and Rothchild's addictions .
Sent 11: The drugs eventually caused a breakup between Diggler and Horner since Diggler was having issues with his performance on set .
Sent 12: After the breakup Diggler tried to make a film himself but the film was never completed .
Sent 13: He then attempted a music career Which was also successful but led him deeper into drugs because of the amount of money he was making .
Sent 14: He then starred in a TV show Which was a failure both critically and commercially ", "answer groups": ["Drugs", "Drug addiction"], "distractor groups": ["His break up with Horner", "Money"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What two activities do all four children play but didn't play on that day on the playground?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Tommy and Suzy (brother and sister) went to the playground one afternoon with their mom and dad, Jan and Dean.
Sent 2: They were playing a game of tag and having the best time ever running after each other and laughing.
Sent 3: They liked to play tag instead of building sandcastles or swinging.
Sent 4: They liked tag because they liked to run.
Sent 5: They like to play hopscotch or jump rope but that day they wanted to play tag.
Sent 6: Other games aren't as fun.
Sent 7: They met Tony and Ally (who are best friends) and invited them to play tag too.
Sent 8: Tony and Ally like to play other games like hopscotch or jump rope but that day they joined the game of tag.
Sent 9: Making new friends is important.
Sent 10: Tony and Ally would rather make friends than play their favorite games", "answer groups": ["Hopscotch", "Hopscotch and jump rope are two activities that all four children like to play", "Jump rope"], "distractor groups": ["Tag", "Tennis"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did these individuals show no remorse for anything they did?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In Meadowvale , California , on June 9 , 1970 , three babies are born at the height of a total eclipse .
Sent 2: Due to the sun and moon blocking Saturn , which controls emotions , the babies develop into children who are heartless and uncaring , with no feelings of remorse for their awful offences .
Sent 3: Ten years later , in 1980 , Curtis , Debbie and Steven begin to kill the adults around them and are able to escape detection because of their youthful and innocent fa ades .
Sent 4: However , when Timmy and Joyce discover their crimes , they find themselves as the targets of the evil children .
Sent 5: Their attempt to warn their neighbors about them are ignored .
Sent 6: Soon enough , Beverly discovers Debbie 's horrible secret with the newspaper clippings as evidence as proof and learns that she , Curtis and Steven were responsible for the murders .
Sent 7: She realizes that Joyce and Timmy were telling the truth all along and confronts her sister for it .
Sent 8: Beverly and Mrs. Brody forbids Debbie from hanging out with Curtis and Steven .
Sent 9: Debbie responds by killing her older sister in retaliation with a bow and arrow .
Sent 10: They soon attempt to murder Joyce and Timmy .
Sent 11: However , they fight back and manages to capture Steven and Curtis .
Sent 12: While Timmy calls the police from a neighbor 's house , Debbie manages to escape from the backyard and gets inside her mother 's car .
Sent 13: She manages to lie about Curits and Steven trying to set her up to take the fall for the attacks .
Sent 14: At the end , Curtis and Steven are arrested by the police much to the shock and anger of the town ", "answer groups": ["They were born at the height of a total eclipse (Sent 1), which is when the sun and moon block Saturn, or planet said to be in control of emotions (Sent 2)", "Due to the sun and moon blocking Saturn , which controls emotions , the babies develop into children who are heartless and uncaring , with no feelings of remorse for their awful offences"], "distractor groups": ["They were ill"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the reason IBM did not put the new factory in Asia?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: IBM opened a sprawling and sophisticated semiconductor factory here on Wednesday that cost more than 2.5 billion to build and equip, the largest single capital investment the company has ever made.
Sent 2: The factory, which opens as the computer chip business is in a slump, is a costly and risky move for IBM.
Sent 3: But it is also an expression of confidence by the company that it can remain a technology leader in the highly competitive global semiconductor industry, and a commitment that the best place to execute that strategy is in upstate New York.
Sent 4: IBM is an exception among computer makers in that it still invests heavily in research to advance the design, manufacture and materials used in semiconductor chips.
Sent 5: It is spending more than 500 million a year on semiconductor research and development.
Sent 6: The factory will produce a wide range of specialized semiconductors used in everything from the largest mainframe computers to cell phones and video-game consoles.
Sent 7: The new plant is part of IBM's push to gain a strong lead in chip-making beyond the personal computer business, where Intel and East Asian chip producers hold the advantage.
Sent 8: \"The core of our strategy is to lead in technology and attack the high-performance segments of the market,\" said John Kelly, senior vice president in charge of IBM's technology group.
Sent 9: An advantage to having the semiconductor fabricating factory here, Kelly explained, was that it was very close to its research laboratories in nearby Westchester County, N.Y. To stay ahead in advanced chip technology, he said, moving innovations out of the labs and into the factory as fast as possible is crucial.
Sent 10: \"What we call the lab-to-fab time should be as close to zero as possible,\" Kelly said.
Sent 11: \"If our strategy were anything but to be on the leading edge, we'd have put the plant in Asia.\"
Sent 12: The new factory, which will begin normal production early next year, will employ about 1,000 people", "answer groups": ["To be close to research laboratory in upstate New York, to minimize lab-to-fab time", "To produce cutting edge technology", "It was very close to its research laboratories in nearby Westchester County, N.Y. To stay ahead in advanced chip technology, he said, moving innovations out of the labs and into the factory as fast as possible is crucial", "They wanted to be close to their lab"], "distractor groups": ["To be American made", "Cost", "They wanted to keep jobs in the US"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where does Alan Schroeder work?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Boone, Ia.
Sent 2: -Poor and elderly people may soon go without legal representation in Boone County.
Sent 3: Boone County Legal Aid, which for 31 years has provided legal services to those who couldn't afford them, will close in February if a 10,000 grant from Prairie Meadows Racetrack and Casino is not awarded.
Sent 4: The legal service is one of the few programs in Iowa that offers legal representation to those who qualify without turning to the state for its services.
Sent 5: \"It is a very sad situation, but that's the fact,\" said Alan Schroeder, city attorney and supervisor of Boone County Legal Aid.
Sent 6: For the past two years using money mostly from the city and county, Schroeder has upheld the outfit alone, taking on about 60 clients a year, and settling cases that range from domestic abuse to bankruptcy.
Sent 7: He also has a private practice.
Sent 8: If the legal service closes, he's unsure where his clients will go.
Sent 9: The city of Boone gave Schroeder 6,300 in July to resolve pending cases, said Kathy Berg, Boone's finance officer.
Sent 10: Without that, the program might already be closed.
Sent 11: \"All governments are having problems with finances,\" Boone Mayor George Maybee said.
Sent 12: \"No one else stepped in.
Sent 13: The county didn't.
Sent 14: The state didn't.\"
Sent 15: Donovan Olson, chairman of the county Board of Supervisors, said the board quit funding the legal service in July because it felt the county didn't need it.
Sent 16: Drake University ended its funding after the 2000 spring semester \"for a variety of reasons,\" Suzanne Levitt, the law professor who oversaw the program, said via e-mail.
Sent 17: Olson said Schroeder must prove Prairie Meadows is the primary money source for the board to grant the program any more money.
Sent 18: Schroeder ran the program without the help of law students or Drake, which had provided as much as two-thirds of the money in some years", "answer groups": ["Boone County Legal Aid", "Private practice", "Alan Schroeder works as the supervisor at Boone County Legal Aid and he has a private practice as a city attorney"], "distractor groups": ["Prairie Meadows Racetrack and Casino", "Drake University", "Prairie Meadows"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquest but by who bringing it to the east coast?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Glory of Melaka: In the early days, if you were not a pirate or a mosquito, Melaka was not much of a place to live.
Sent 2: The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish.
Sent 3: But it had a sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra.
Sent 4: Later, the strategic location and deep-water channel close to the coast brought in the bigger vessels of the trade-wind traffic crossing the Indian Ocean.
Sent 5: The first to realize the larger commercial potential, as so often throughout the country's subsequent history, were the Chinese.
Sent 6: In 1409, under a new directive from Emperor Chu Ti to pursue trade in the South Seas and the Indian Ocean, a Chinese fleet of 50 ships headed by Admiral Cheng Ho called in at Melaka.
Sent 7: They made Parameswara an offer he could not refuse: port facilities and an annual financial tribute in exchange for Chinese protection against the marauding Thais.
Sent 8: In 1411, Parameswara took the money to Beijing himself, and the emperor gratefully made him a vassal king.
Sent 9: Twenty years later, the Chinese withdrew again from the South Seas trade.
Sent 10: The new ruler of Melaka, Sri Maharajah, switched his allegiance to the Muslim trading fraternity by marrying into the Muslim faith, wedding the daughter of a sultan in Sumatra.
Sent 11: Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquest\u2002\u2014\u2002as had been the case in North Africa and Europe\u2002\u2014\u2002but by trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching.
Sent 12: Bengali peddlers had already brought the faith to the east coast.
Sent 13: In Melaka and throughout the peninsula, Islam thrived as a strong, male-dominated religion of individuality, offering dynamic leadership and preaching brotherhood and self-reliance\u2002\u2014\u2002all qualities ideally suited to the coastal trade.
Sent 14: At the same time, Sufi mystics synthesized Islamic teaching with local Malay traditions of animistic magic and charisma, though Islam did not become the state religion until Muzaffar Shah became sultan of Melaka (1446\u20131459).
Sent 15: But the key figure in the sultanate was Tun Perak, bendahara (prime minister) and military commander.
Sent 16: He expanded Melaka's power along the west coast and down to Singapore and the neighboring Bintan islands.
Sent 17: He also had orang laut pirates patrolling the seas to extort tribute from passing ships.
Sent 18: After Ailied district chiefs had repelled assaults from Thai-controlled armies from Pahang, Tun Perak personally led a famous victory over a Thai fleet off Batu Pahat in 1456", "answer groups": ["Bengali peddlers", "Sri Maharaja"], "distractor groups": ["Parameswara", "Trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was guarding the way to escape?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: We were cornered in a sort of way already.
Sent 2: But these butchers up the cavern had been surprised, they were probably scared, and they had no special weapons, only those little hatchets of theirs.
Sent 3: And that way lay escape.
Sent 4: Their sturdy little forms--ever so much shorter and thicker than the mooncalf herds--were scattered up the slope in a way that was eloquent of indecision.
Sent 5: I had the moral advantage of a mad bull in a street.
Sent 6: But for all that, there seemed a tremendous crowd of them.
Sent 7: Very probably there was.
Sent 8: Those Selenites down the cleft had certainly some infernally long spears.
Sent 9: It might be they had other surprises for us.... But, confound it!
Sent 10: if we charged up the cave we should let them up behind us, and if we didn't those little brutes up the cave would probably get reinforced.
Sent 11: Heaven alone knew what tremendous engines of warfare--guns, bombs, terrestrial torpedoes--this unknown world below our feet, this vaster world of which we had only pricked the outer cuticle, might not presently send up to our destruction.
Sent 12: It became clear the only thing to do was to charge!
Sent 13: It became clearer as the legs of a number of fresh Selenites appeared running down the cavern towards us", "answer groups": ["Butchers", "Selenites"], "distractor groups": ["Officials", "Bulls"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the coordinated strategy against the women's movement?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- As Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad visited the U.N. General Assembly in New York last month, the spotlight was once again on Iran.
Sent 2: And true to form, the Iranian president made his fair share of provocative statements for the Western media.
Sent 3: But while Ahmadinejad's mercurial rants captured our media's attention, back in Iran a coordinated strategy against the women's movement continued.
Sent 4: On the eve of Ahmadinejad's arrival to New York, Shiva Nazar Ahari, a prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison on charges including the vague crime of \"waging war against God\" -- a convenient catch-all offense for anyone who criticizes the regime and its human rights record.
Sent 5: There's no denying it -- Iran's women have had a bad year.
Sent 6: Nazar Ahari joins a steadily increasing number of other women's rights activists who are in prison for no greater crime than their attempt to fight for the rights of the women.
Sent 7: Hengameh Shahidi, Alieh Eghdam Doust, Bahareh Hedayat and Mahdiyeh Golrou have all been sent to Tehran's notorious Evin Prison on trumped-up charges related to their activism.
Sent 8: And while Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, arguably the most internationally recognized Iranian women's rights activist, remains unable to safely return to her country, the government is targeting those affiliated with her for arrest and imprisonment, including her lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and her former aide Jinous Sobhani.
Sent 9: Since the 2009 disputed elections and associated government crackdown on the overall reform movement, the government has increasingly targeted women activists.
Sent 10: The reasons behind this go well beyond the misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership.
Sent 11: Rather, it is more part of a deliberate and calculated strategy of the Iranian authorities to strike at the heart of the regime's greatest vulnerability -- internal legitimacy with its own people.
Sent 12: See more CNN.com opinion articles Iran's government recognizes and fears the broader power of the women activists who have been on the front line of reform in Iran for more than a decade.
Sent 13: One can roughly draw an analogy between the women's movement in Iran to movements of religious groups in Burma or Tibet, or the labor \"solidarity\" movements in the former Eastern bloc and associated labor-Roman Catholic solidarity in Poland -- all advocating initially for the freedoms of a specific group but which provoked government fears for their transformative power to promote broader human rights progress.
Sent 14: While the outside world occasionally reacts to the most egregious manifestations of Iran's repression of women -- such as the international condemnation associated with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian widow sentenced to stoning on charges of alleged adultery -- these events are often portrayed simply as a consequence of the regime's archaic viewpoint about gender", "answer groups": ["A prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison", "Shiva Nazar was sentenced to 6 years in prison"], "distractor groups": ["The misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does the Iranian President speak to the Western media?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- As Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad visited the U.N. General Assembly in New York last month, the spotlight was once again on Iran.
Sent 2: And true to form, the Iranian president made his fair share of provocative statements for the Western media.
Sent 3: But while Ahmadinejad's mercurial rants captured our media's attention, back in Iran a coordinated strategy against the women's movement continued.
Sent 4: On the eve of Ahmadinejad's arrival to New York, Shiva Nazar Ahari, a prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison on charges including the vague crime of \"waging war against God\" -- a convenient catch-all offense for anyone who criticizes the regime and its human rights record.
Sent 5: There's no denying it -- Iran's women have had a bad year.
Sent 6: Nazar Ahari joins a steadily increasing number of other women's rights activists who are in prison for no greater crime than their attempt to fight for the rights of the women.
Sent 7: Hengameh Shahidi, Alieh Eghdam Doust, Bahareh Hedayat and Mahdiyeh Golrou have all been sent to Tehran's notorious Evin Prison on trumped-up charges related to their activism.
Sent 8: And while Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, arguably the most internationally recognized Iranian women's rights activist, remains unable to safely return to her country, the government is targeting those affiliated with her for arrest and imprisonment, including her lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and her former aide Jinous Sobhani.
Sent 9: Since the 2009 disputed elections and associated government crackdown on the overall reform movement, the government has increasingly targeted women activists.
Sent 10: The reasons behind this go well beyond the misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership.
Sent 11: Rather, it is more part of a deliberate and calculated strategy of the Iranian authorities to strike at the heart of the regime's greatest vulnerability -- internal legitimacy with its own people.
Sent 12: See more CNN.com opinion articles Iran's government recognizes and fears the broader power of the women activists who have been on the front line of reform in Iran for more than a decade.
Sent 13: One can roughly draw an analogy between the women's movement in Iran to movements of religious groups in Burma or Tibet, or the labor \"solidarity\" movements in the former Eastern bloc and associated labor-Roman Catholic solidarity in Poland -- all advocating initially for the freedoms of a specific group but which provoked government fears for their transformative power to promote broader human rights progress.
Sent 14: While the outside world occasionally reacts to the most egregious manifestations of Iran's repression of women -- such as the international condemnation associated with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian widow sentenced to stoning on charges of alleged adultery -- these events are often portrayed simply as a consequence of the regime's archaic viewpoint about gender", "answer groups": ["Fair share of provocative statements", "He makes provocative statements and mercurial rants"], "distractor groups": ["Nicely"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What stopped the progress of Las Vegas?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dam Good Luck: From the beginning, Las Vegas was built to serve travelers.
Sent 2: The railroad needed a way station, and Las Vegas was the place.
Sent 3: Growth continued for ten years, and by 1915 the town had telephones, round-the-clock electricity, and a growing population\u2002\u2014\u2002many of whom worked in the railroad repair shop.
Sent 4: But such heady progress would soon come to a halt.
Sent 5: The growing competition in rail transport resulted in Union Pacific buying the Los Angeles\u2013Salt Lake line.
Sent 6: Union Pacific then consolidated its operations, eliminating the Las Vegas repair facility.
Sent 7: Additionally, Las Vegas had been made a part of Nevada's new Clark County in 1909, a year when the legislature also outlawed gambling.
Sent 8: These unfortunate circumstances threatened to relegate Las Vegas to the status of a small desert community that could no longer support its 3000 residents.
Sent 9: But the southwest's growing need for water, combined with Las Vegas's fortuitous proximity to the Colorado River, would give Las Vegas a second chance to achieve prosperity.
Sent 10: Construction on Hoover Dam (originally Boulder Dam, subsequently renamed for the president who authorized the project) began in 1931 in a canyon 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Las Vegas.
Sent 11: Providing an influx of 165 million to the southwestern economy, Hoover Dam played a major role in preventing Las Vegas from drying up, both financially and literally.
Sent 12: Not only did it create jobs, but it also created Lake Mead, the massive reservoir that today provides water to all of southern Nevada.
Sent 13: More Government Help: The construction of Hoover Dam did not single-handedly save Las Vegas, however.
Sent 14: The state legislature helped as well, by legalizing gambling in 1931 and thus solidifying the future of the town, though legislators and residents could never have known this at the time.
Sent 15: The hordes of people who attended Hoover Dam's 1935 dedication set the city's now-formidable public relations machine into action.
Sent 16: They went to work on what has become one of the lengthiest citywide tourism campaigns ever attempted.
Sent 17: It didn't take long for the city to establish itself as a wild-West town with an \"anything goes\" attitude.
Sent 18: Vices outlawed or heavily controlled elsewhere were legal here, available any hour of any day (or night)", "answer groups": ["The elimination of its repair facility and outlawed gambling", "Eliminating the repair facility", "Las Vegas was a part of Clark County which outlawed gambling"], "distractor groups": ["The temperatures of the desert were too overwhelming", "Shutting down the power"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What enables IBM to make different kinds of custom chips?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The factory is highly automated and designed to shift flexibly to produce many different kinds of chips to suit demand.
Sent 2: \"The diversity is the big difference with this plant,\" said Richard Doherty, president of Envisioneering, a research firm.
Sent 3: \"It gives IBM the capability to make so many different kinds of custom chips, and the world is going to custom chips.\"
Sent 4: The 140,000-square-foot plant is a testament to advanced manufacturing technology.
Sent 5: The 300-millimeter silicon wafers -- about the size of a standard pizza -- are shuttled around the facility in enclosed plastic pods, which ride on overhead tracks.
Sent 6: They drop down from wires automatically into machines, sheathed in stainless steel and glass, for each stage of processing and fabrication.
Sent 7: Throughout the 500 processing steps, which typically last 20 days, the wafers are not touched by human hands.
Sent 8: The circuits etched into the chips are less than one thousandth the width of a human hair.
Sent 9: Human operators are there to monitor the systems, catch errors and fine-tune the production process for maximum efficiency.
Sent 10: Because each of the hundreds of processing machines is self-enclosed, and essentially airtight, the uniforms operators wear are less constricting than in the previous generation of chip plants, which looked like space suits.
Sent 11: The operators at the East Fishkill factory wear light nylon uniforms, light blue shoe coverings and translucent hair nets made of paper.
Sent 12: They look more like workers in a bakery.
Sent 13: Yes, said Richard Brilla, director of the new facility, \"but the donuts are a lot more costly here.\"
Sent 14: Each wafer, holding hundreds of chips, is worth 6,000 to 10,000 apiece, depending on what insulation, circuitry and materials are used", "answer groups": ["Diversity", "Designed to shift flexibly"], "distractor groups": ["The 140,000-square-foot plant", "Hundreds of processing machines", "Research", "The automated manufacturing technology", "The human operators who catch errors", "donuts"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why do operators at the East Fishkill factory look like workers in a bakery?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The factory is highly automated and designed to shift flexibly to produce many different kinds of chips to suit demand.
Sent 2: \"The diversity is the big difference with this plant,\" said Richard Doherty, president of Envisioneering, a research firm.
Sent 3: \"It gives IBM the capability to make so many different kinds of custom chips, and the world is going to custom chips.\"
Sent 4: The 140,000-square-foot plant is a testament to advanced manufacturing technology.
Sent 5: The 300-millimeter silicon wafers -- about the size of a standard pizza -- are shuttled around the facility in enclosed plastic pods, which ride on overhead tracks.
Sent 6: They drop down from wires automatically into machines, sheathed in stainless steel and glass, for each stage of processing and fabrication.
Sent 7: Throughout the 500 processing steps, which typically last 20 days, the wafers are not touched by human hands.
Sent 8: The circuits etched into the chips are less than one thousandth the width of a human hair.
Sent 9: Human operators are there to monitor the systems, catch errors and fine-tune the production process for maximum efficiency.
Sent 10: Because each of the hundreds of processing machines is self-enclosed, and essentially airtight, the uniforms operators wear are less constricting than in the previous generation of chip plants, which looked like space suits.
Sent 11: The operators at the East Fishkill factory wear light nylon uniforms, light blue shoe coverings and translucent hair nets made of paper.
Sent 12: They look more like workers in a bakery.
Sent 13: Yes, said Richard Brilla, director of the new facility, \"but the donuts are a lot more costly here.\"
Sent 14: Each wafer, holding hundreds of chips, is worth 6,000 to 10,000 apiece, depending on what insulation, circuitry and materials are used", "answer groups": ["Since they wear light uniforms, shoe coverings and hair nets", "This is because they wear light nylon uniforms, light blue shoe coverings and translucent hair nets made of paper"], "distractor groups": ["Since the processing machines are self-enclosed", "They make donuts", "Since they seem to wear space suits", "As the wafers are the size of a standard pizza"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Was Pushkin internationally known?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Honours and legacy In 1929, Soviet writer Leonid Grossman published a novel The d'Archiac Papers, telling the story of Pushkin's death from the perspective of a French diplomat, being a participant and a witness of the fatal duel.
Sent 2: The book describes him as a liberal and a victim of the Tsarist regime.
Sent 3: In Poland the book was published under the title Death of the Poet.
Sent 4: In 1937, the town of Tsarskoye Selo was renamed Pushkin in his honour.
Sent 5: There are several museums in Russia dedicated to Pushkin, including two in Moscow, one in Saint Petersburg, and a large complex in Mikhaylovskoye.
Sent 6: Pushkin's death was portrayed in the 2006 biographical film Pushkin: The Last Duel.
Sent 7: The film was directed by Natalya Bondarchuk.
Sent 8: Pushkin was portrayed onscreen by Sergei Bezrukov.
Sent 9: The Pushkin Trust was established in 1987 by the Duchess of Abercorn to commemorate the creative legacy and spirit of her ancestor and to release the creativity and imagination of the children of Ireland by providing them with opportunities to communicate their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
Sent 10: A minor planet, 2208 Pushkin, discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, is named after him.
Sent 11: A crater on Mercury is also named in his honour.
Sent 12: MS Alexandr Pushkin, second ship of the Russian Ivan Franko class (also referred to as \"poet\" or \"writer\" class).
Sent 13: Station of Tashkent metro was named in his honour.
Sent 14: The Pushkin Hills and Pushkin Lake were named in his honour in Ben Nevis Township, Cochrane District, in Ontario, Canada.
Sent 15: UN Russian Language Day, established by the United Nations in 2010 and celebrated each year on 6 June, was scheduled to coincide with Pushkin's birthday", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Yes, there are honors to him in Russia, Ireland, and Canada"], "distractor groups": ["No"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Besides the sun and the stars, what releases electromagnetic energy?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Our sun and other stars release light energy.
Sent 2: At least this is what we see.
Sent 3: Our Sun and stars also emit more than just light.
Sent 4: Scientists call the type of energy that our Sun and stars release electromagnetic energy.
Sent 5: This form of energy travels through space.
Sent 6: Electromagnetic energy includes the light we see.
Sent 7: It also includes much more.
Sent 8: Many of these things we know about, but dont always think about.
Sent 9: Electromagnetic energy includes radio waves, microwaves, and X rays.
Sent 10: We now have devices in our homes and offices that release these same forms of energy.
Sent 11: We use electromagnetic energy to make our lives better", "answer groups": ["Devices in our homes and offices", "Home devices", "Devices in our homes"], "distractor groups": ["Earth", "The ocean"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What pushed Mahender to spend time away from Sudha?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The movie is a powerful story that deals with feminism and patriarchy in the middle class of India .
Sent 2: It is shot in the present and past tense showing lives of the characters Mahender and Sudha as they lived together as well as separately .
Sent 3: The movie starts with Mahender getting down at the railway station and making his way to the waiting room just as it starts to rain heavily .
Sent 4: A woman , Sudha , is already sitting in the waiting room .
Sent 5: On seeing him , she tries to hide her face from him but later they confront each other .
Sent 6: Mahender has an accomplished business dealing with photography .
Sent 7: He respects his grandfather immensely .
Sent 8: Incidentally , he had been engaged to Sudha for 5 years but always made some excuse to delay their wedding .
Sent 9: However , this time his grandfather has fixed the wedding on the first week of the following month .
Sent 10: He reveals to Sudha that he is having an affair with one of the most radical representations of feminism in a girl called Maya .
Sent 11: He returns to tell Maya , but Maya has disappeared , leaving him some poetry .
Sent 12: Mahender then marries Sudha and is quite happy , but the sudden return of Maya causes tensions in their married life .
Sent 13: Mahender frequently tells Sudha about all the beautifully poignant , loving and authentic things Maya did over the years that they lived together .
Sent 14: Later , Maya tries to commit suicide , and this leads to Mahender spending time with her over a few weeks .
Sent 15: Sudha , not knowing about Maya 's suicide attempt and therefore believing that Mahender is being unfaithful to her , feels that her marriage was a mistake , and questions Mahender about his intentions ", "answer groups": ["Maya", "Maya's suicide attempt", "Maya's attempted suicide"], "distractor groups": ["His grandfather's photography shop", "Tara"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which portions indicate that James had limited income?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Thelma James was a prime candidate for a real estate ripoff: She is 68, has precious little money and can't read or write.
Sent 2: \"I won't lie to you.
Sent 3: I was so-o-o excited,\" the widow and former duplex dweller said of the purchase of her first home, a sagging frame structure on Snowden.
Sent 4: \"I was glad to get me a house.\"
Sent 5: When James realized she had been swindled she turned to Memphis Area Legal Services, which represented her in a lawsuit.
Sent 6: Now, James's monthly house notes have dropped from 796 - more than twice her monthly income - to an affordable 247.
Sent 7: Some of the people who took advantage of her through a questionable loan program were sent to jail.
Sent 8: \"I don't know what I would have done without Legal Services,\" said James.
Sent 9: \"They solved a lot of my problems.\"
Sent 10: James is one of more than 3,000 clients served last year by MALS, which provides assistance for civil matters, such as domestic abuse and family-related problems, Social Security and Supplemental Security Income, veterans, housing and consumer fraud cases.
Sent 11: Like James, most clients are elderly or female.
Sent 12: Some are handicapped.
Sent 13: Some need medical care or veteran's benefits.
Sent 14: Some are trying to escape eviction or an abusive marriage.
Sent 15: And 87 percent live at or below poverty level.
Sent 16: Shelby County Mayor A C Wharton recently said Legal Services is important for those who, because of poverty or other struggles in life, think justice is an empty word.
Sent 17: \"They must be given reason to believe that the law is for them too,\" said Wharton, a former executive director of MALS.
Sent 18: But MALS faces a funding crunch next year, brought on by a 200,000 shortfall from three revenue sources", "answer groups": ["She had precious little money and her bill was twice her monthly income", "More than twice her monthly income", "She has precious little money"], "distractor groups": ["When James realized she had been swindled", "Can't read or write"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who will Judith, Brick, and Ginger have to confront when they return to the warehouse?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The film begins with Brick Bardo ( Tim Thomerson , from ( ( Dollman hitchhiking to get to the town of Pahoota , where he tries to find a girl named Nurse Ginger ( Melissa Behr , who was shrunken to 11 inches in ( ( Bad Channels , to prove to her that she's not alone .
Sent 2: Meanwhile , the film cuts to Judith Grey , who has a nightmare about the events that happened in the previous film a year before .
Sent 3: Ever since the events that took place a year before , Judith has been watching the Toyland Warehouse , believing that the toys are still alive .
Sent 4: Meanwhile , a bum breaks into the Warehouse , and starts to mess around with a clown tricycle , until he gets knocked in the head with a box of toys , causing him to hit his head on the ground , killing him .
Sent 5: However , his blood continues to flow over to the place where the demon was buried , and brings back : Baby Oopsie Daisy , Jack Attack , Mr. Static , and this time brings up a new killer toy named Zombietoid , a blonde GI JOE action figure with a sword as a weapon .
Sent 6: Judith , who's now inside the building , finally sees the toys in full view , but is then arrested for breaking into a secluded building .
Sent 7: After the police leave , the toys force the new security guard Ray Vernon to help them with their needs .
Sent 8: Meanwhile , Judith , who now knows about Nurse Ginger and Brick Bardo's history , bribes a news reporter to tell her where they 're at , and tells her they are in Pahoota .
Sent 9: Judith , after having a deal with Bardo and Ginger to help her kill the toys , they head off back to the Warehouse ", "answer groups": ["The security guard who is helping the toys.", "Ray Vernon"], "distractor groups": ["Ginger", "Baby Oopsie Daisy , Jack Attack , Mr. Static , and Zombietoid", "the bum", "The toys", "Brick Bardo"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What were some of the President's first thoughts upon hearing of the attacks?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: At 9:48, a representative from the White House shelter asked if there were any indications of another hijacked aircraft.
Sent 2: The deputy director for operations mentioned the Delta flight and concluded that \"that would be the fourth possible hijack.\"
Sent 3: At 9:49, the commander of NORAD directed all air sovereignty aircraft to battle stations, fully armed.
Sent 4: At 9:59, an Air Force lieutenant colonel working in the White House Military Office joined the conference and stated he had just talked to Deputy National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley.
Sent 5: The White House requested (1) the implementation of continuity of government measures, (2) fighter escorts for Air Force One, and (3) a fighter combat air patrol over Washington, D.C.
Sent 6: By 10:03, when United 93 crashed in Pennsylvania, there had been no mention of its hijacking and the FAA had not yet been added to the teleconference.
Sent 7: The President and the Vice President The President was seated in a classroom when, at 9:05, Andrew Card whispered to him: \"A second plane hit the second tower.
Sent 8: America is under attack.\"
Sent 9: The President told us his instinct was to project calm, not to have the country see an excited reaction at a moment of crisis.
Sent 10: The press was standing behind the children; he saw their phones and pagers start to ring.
Sent 11: The President felt he should project strength and calm until he could better understand what was happening.
Sent 12: The President remained in the classroom for another five to seven minutes, while the children continued reading.
Sent 13: He then returned to a holding room shortly before 9:15, where he was briefed by staff and saw television coverage.
Sent 14: He next spoke to Vice President Cheney, Dr. Rice, New York Governor George Pataki, and FBI Director Robert Mueller.
Sent 15: He decided to make a brief statement from the school before leaving for the airport.
Sent 16: The Secret Service told us they were anxious to move the President to a safer location, but did not think it imperative for him to run out the door.
Sent 17: Between 9:15 and 9:30, the staff was busy arranging a return to Washington, while the President consulted his senior advisers about his remarks.
Sent 18: No one in the traveling party had any information during this time that other aircraft were hijacked or missing.
Sent 19: Staff was in contact with the White House Situation Room, but as far as we could determine, no one with the President was in contact with the Pentagon", "answer groups": ["That he needed to remain calm", "He noticed phones and pagers of the press ringing and he wished to remain calm and show strength in the face of the attacks"], "distractor groups": ["Sad", "Tragic", "To protect the children", "Happy", "To get out of there"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the reaction Christians had?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: But I think it is certain that most of the early Christians understood these words of our Lord's ascension and coming again in glory.
Sent 2: They believed that He was coming again in a very little while during their own life-time, in a few months or years, to make an end of the world and to judge the quick and the dead.
Sent 3: And as they waited for His coming, one generation after another, and yet He did not come, a sadness fell upon them.
Sent 4: Christ seemed to have left the world.
Sent 5: The little while that He had promised to be away seemed to have become a very long while.
Sent 6: Hundreds of years passed, and yet Christ did not come in glory.
Sent 7: And, as I said, a sadness fell on all the Church.
Sent 8: Surely, they said, this is the time of which Christ said we were to weep and lament till we saw Him again--this is the time of which He said that the bridegroom should be taken from us, and we should fast in those days.
Sent 9: And they did fast, and weep, and lament; and their religion became a very sad and melancholy one--most sad in those who were most holy, and loved their Lord best, and longed most for His coming in glory", "answer groups": ["Weeping and Lamenting", "Christians", "Fast, and weep, and lament; and their religion became a very sad and melancholy one"], "distractor groups": ["Happy", "Reaction"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was Grey presented to?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: I wondered if that were my case--if I rode out for honour, and not for the pure pleasure of the riding.
Sent 2: And I marvelled more to see the two of us, both lovers of one lady and eager rivals, burying for the nonce our feuds, and with the same hope serving the same cause.
Sent 3: We slept the night at Aird's store, and early the next morning found Ringan.
Sent 4: A new Ringan indeed, as unlike the buccaneer I knew as he was unlike the Quaker.
Sent 5: He was now the gentleman of Breadalbane, dressed for the part with all the care of an exquisite.
Sent 6: He rode a noble roan, in his Spanish belt were stuck silver-hafted pistols, and a long sword swung at his side.
Sent 7: When I presented Grey to him, he became at once the cavalier, as precise in his speech and polite in his deportment as any Whitehall courtier.
Sent 8: They talked high and disposedly of genteel matters, and you would have thought that that red-haired pirate had lived his life among proud lords and high-heeled ladies.
Sent 9: That is ever the way of the Highlander.
Sent 10: He alters like a clear pool to every mood of the sky, so that the shallow observer might forget how deep the waters are", "answer groups": ["Ringan", "The gentleman of breadalbane"], "distractor groups": ["A lady"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does the proposal envision?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Milwaukee, Wisconsin (CNN) -- President Barack Obama, in a bid to create jobs and boost economic growth, called on Congress on Monday to pass a 50 billion plan to renew the country's transportation infrastructure.
Sent 2: His address was the first of two speeches the president is scheduled to make this week to frame his administration's ongoing response to the recession, less than two months ahead of midterm elections in which Democratic majorities in the House and Senate are in jeopardy.
Sent 3: \"Today, I am announcing a new plan for rebuilding and modernizing America's roads, and rails and runways for the long term,\" said Obama, who spoke on Labor Day in Milwaukee, Wisconsin -- a state with competitive gubernatorial and U.S. Senate races.
Sent 4: \"We used to have the best infrastructure in the world.
Sent 5: We can have it again,\" he said to loud cheers from a crowd of union workers.
Sent 6: The proposal envisions -- over a six year period -- rebuilding 150,000 miles of roads, 4,000 miles of rail and 150 miles of airport runways.
Sent 7: It also would include modernizing the nation's air traffic control system in an effort to reduce delays and travel time.
Sent 8: \"This will not only create jobs immediately.
Sent 9: It's also going to make our economy hum over the long haul,\" said the president.
Sent 10: Obama hopes to work with Congress to enact an up-front investment of 50 billion -- an amount a White House statement said would represent a significant chunk of new spending on infrastructure.
Sent 11: The investment would then be paired with what the administration called a framework to improve transportation spending.
Sent 12: The long-term plan would include the establishment of an Infrastructure Bank, which would leverage federal dollars and focus on projects that could deliver the the biggest bang for the buck, Obama said.
Sent 13: The president stressed the need for Democrats and Republicans to work together on the transportation initiative, which would need to be approved by Congress", "answer groups": ["Rebuilding 150,000 miles of roads, 4,000 miles of rail, and 150 miles of airport runways and modernizing the air traffic control system", "A modernized and improved infrastructure", "A plan to rebuild 150,000 miles of roads, 4,000 miles of rail and 150 miles of airport runways"], "distractor groups": ["A Democratic majority in the House and Senate", "Better roads"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is ambassador to the United States from Palau?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Washington (CNN) -- The Pacific island nation of Palau has agreed to take in 17 Chinese Muslims held at the U.S. prison camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the country's ambassador to the United States said Wednesday.
Sent 2: The map shows the Pacific island nation of Palau in relation to China.
Sent 3: Details of the transfer are still being worked out, Ambassador Hersey Kyota told CNN.
Sent 4: But Kyota said his country, a former U.S. Pacific trust territory, has agreed to take in the ethnic Uighur detainees \"for humanitarian reasons\" and because of the \"special relationship\" between Palau and the United States.
Sent 5: U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly would not comment on the announcement, telling reporters, \"We're still involved in ongoing discussions.\"
Sent 6: The agreement includes some U.S. aid for Palau, Kyota said, but he said those details remained to be worked out as well.
Sent 7: The country, with a population of about 20,000, is about 1,000 miles southeast of Manila, Philippines, and about 4,600 miles west of Hawaii.
Sent 8: Palau has received nearly 900 million in U.S. aid since independence in 1994, according to congressional auditors, and depends on Washington for defense.
Sent 9: The \"Compact of Free Association\" between Palau and the United States is up for review, but Kelly said any additional aid offer \"is not linked to any other discussions we may be having with the government of Palau.\"
Sent 10: The Uighurs were accused of receiving weapons and military training in Afghanistan", "answer groups": ["Hersey Kyota", "Kyota"], "distractor groups": ["Uighurs", "Ian Kelly", "Ambassador Palau"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do astronauts hear each other?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Sound waves are mechanical waves.
Sent 2: They can travel only through matter.
Sent 3: They cannot travel through empty space.
Sent 4: This was demonstrated in the 1600s by a scientist named Robert Boyle.
Sent 5: Boyle placed a ticking clock in a sealed glass jar.
Sent 6: The clock could be heard ticking through the air and glass of the jar.
Sent 7: Then Boyle pumped the air out of the jar.
Sent 8: The clock was still running, but the ticking could not be heard.
Sent 9: Thats because the sound couldnt travel without air particles to transfer the sound energy.
Sent 10: Is there any other place where sound cannot be heard?
Sent 11: Here is a hint: is there any other place that does not have air molecules?
Sent 12: Thats right, in space sound cannot be transferred.
Sent 13: So can astronauts hear each other?
Sent 14: Yes, they can, because they are in enclosed space stations or pressurized suits.In both cases, they are surrounded by air molecules.
Sent 15: If they left their space ship and did not use their electronics, they would not be able to hear each other.
Sent 16: Next time you watch a science fiction movie, think about this factoid.
Sent 17: When spaceships are destroyed by hostile alien beings, there would be no sound heard.
Sent 18: Sound waves can travel through many kinds of matter", "answer groups": ["via pressurized air suits", "in enclosed areas", "They hear through air molecules in their spaceships.", "though electronics", "They are in enclosed space stations or pressurized suits.In both cases, they are surrounded by air molecules, but if they left their spaceship and did not use their electronics, they would not be able to hear each other."], "distractor groups": ["via gravity", "special training", "better hearing", "Boyle carries them with his empty jar."]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the profession of the first man in line?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Mr. Thorndike had risen, and, in farewell, was holding out his hand to Andrews.
Sent 2: He turned, and across the court-room the eyes of the financier and the stenographer met.
Sent 3: At the sight of the great man, Spear flushed crimson, and then his look of despair slowly disappeared; and into his eyes there came incredulously hope and gratitude.
Sent 4: He turned his head suddenly to the wall.
Sent 5: Mr. Thorndike stood irresolute, and then sank back into his chair.
Sent 6: The first man in the line was already at the railing, and the questions put to him by the judge were being repeated to him by the other assistant district attorney and a court attendant.
Sent 7: His muttered answers were in turn repeated to the judge.
Sent 8: \"Says he's married, naturalized citizen, Lutheran Church, die- cutter by profession.\" The probation officer, her hands filled with papers, bustled forward and whispered.
Sent 9: \"Mrs. Austin says,\" continued the district attorney, \"she's looked into this case, and asks to have the man turned over to her.
Sent 10: He has a wife and three children; has supported them for five years.\" \"Is the wife in court?\" the judge said.
Sent 11: A thin, washed-out, pretty woman stood up, and clasped her hands in front of her.
Sent 12: \"Has this man been a good husband to you, madam?\" asked the young judge.
Sent 13: The woman broke into vehement assurances.
Sent 14: No man could have been a better husband.
Sent 15: Would she take him back?
Sent 16: Indeed she would take him back.
Sent 17: She held out her hands as though she would physically drag her husband from the pillory.
Sent 18: The judge bowed toward the probation officer, and she beckoned the prisoner to her", "answer groups": ["Die-Cutter", "He was a die-cutter by profession"], "distractor groups": ["Judge"]}, {"question": "
Sent 8: This paper would inspire Schrodinger's work of 1926.
Multi Label Question: When did Einstein publish an article that was aligned with Planck's distribution law", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Einstein was displeased with quantum theory and mechanics (the very theory he helped create), despite its acceptance by other physicists, stating that God \"is not playing at dice.\"
Sent 2: Einstein continued to maintain his disbelief in the theory, and attempted unsuccessfully to disprove it until he died at the age of 76.
Sent 3: In 1917, at the height of his work on relativity, Einstein published an article in Physikalische Zeitschrift that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, the physical process that makes possible the maser and the laser.
Sent 4: This article showed that the statistics of absorption and emission of light would only be consistent with Planck's distribution law if the emission of light into a mode with n photons would be enhanced statistically compared to the emission of light into an empty mode.
Sent 5: This paper was enormously influential in the later development of quantum mechanics, because it was the first paper to show that the statistics of atomic transitions had simple laws.
Sent 6: Einstein discovered Louis de Broglie's work, and supported his ideas, which were received skeptically at first.
Sent 7: In another major paper from this era, Einstein gave a wave equation for de Broglie waves, which Einstein suggested was the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of mechanics", "answer groups": ["The height of his work on relativity, 1917", "1917"], "distractor groups": ["1926"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: The director of what entity claims legal help gives domestic abuse survivors a way to rebuild their lives?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Domestic Violence Legal Assistance Program fills the gap of legal resources for domestic violence survivors who can't afford an attorney.
Sent 2: Domestic violence survivors in Jackson, Vicksburg, Hattiesburg, Oxford and Pascagoula can all get help.
Sent 3: Julia Crockett, deputy director of Central Southwest Mississippi Legal Services Corp., said the program expects to help nearly 1,000 domestic violence victims.
Sent 4: Crockett said legal help gives domestic abuse survivors a way to rebuild their lives.
Sent 5: \"They have been made to feel by the abuser that no one is going to help them do anything, so when they come to us they are desperate,\" she said.
Sent 6: \"Those who need legal help and don't get it feel totally lost.
Sent 7: Because then they feel like they are forced to stay in that situation.\"
Sent 8: Crockett said the program, funded by a 300,000 grant from the U.S. Justice Department, has no economic restrictions on who can get help.
Sent 9: Legal services typically helps the poor.
Sent 10: Gladys Bunzy, who said she was in an abusive relationship with a boyfriend for eight years, said such a program is long overdue and could be a lifeline for those escaping violent relationships.
Sent 11: \"When I finally made up my mind to leave, I had a restraining order put against him and that was 50 but that was 50 well spent to me,\" said Bunzy, 40.
Sent 12: \"For people who can't afford it, this will be a godsend ... If a woman knows she is going to get some help that will be a burden off her mind, if the law will help her keep that person away from her.\"
Sent 13: Gwen Bouie-Haynes, project director of the Domestic Violence Services Center for Catholic Charities Inc., said often domestic violence survivors do not have the money to seek legal representation.
Sent 14: \"Legal assistance is a major issue for women fleeing a domestic violence situation,\" she said.
Sent 15: \"Often times women are in need of immediate legal assistance services for the protection of the mother and the child.
Sent 16: To get a protective order you need to be represented by an attorney.\"
Sent 17: Crockett said the pilot program was launched in 1998 at the Haven House Family Shelter Inc., a domestic violence shelter for women and children in Vicksburg.
Sent 18: The program has helped victims in 90 court cases, and 150 legal counseling sessions have been held there", "answer groups": ["Director of Central Southwest Mississippi Legal Services Corp", "Central Southwest Mississippi Legal Services Corp"], "distractor groups": ["Domestic violence services center for catholic charities inc", "DHHS", "Director of Haven House Family Shelter"]}, {"question": " Kane's purpose for arrival in town?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: On the previous evening,--March 12th,--the monotony of the camp had been unexpectedly disturbed by the arrival, from the direction of Salt Lake City, of a horseman completely exhausted by fatigue and cold, who proved to be no other than Mr. Kane, whose mission to the Mormons by way of California was at that time totally unknown to the army.
Sent 2: The next morning he introduced himself to the Governor, was received as his guest, and remained in conference with him throughout the day.
Sent 3: What was the character of their communication is unknown, except by inference from its results.
Sent 4: When presented to Judge Eckels, on the following day, Mr. Kane exhibited to him the letters he bore from the President, and other letters, also, from Brigham Young, accrediting him as a negotiator in the existing difficulties.
Sent 5: To General Johnston he showed nothing; nor did the Governor, to the knowledge of the camp, acquaint either that officer or any other person with the purport of his business.
Sent 6: It was evident to everybody, however, that the Mormon leaders, conscious of their inability to resist the force by which they would be assailed so soon as the snow should melt upon the mountains, were engaged in an effort, of which Mr. Kane was the agent, to secure through the Governor, if possible, indemnity for their past offences, in consideration of acknowledgment of his authority.
: What person was aware of Mr", "answer groups": ["The Governor", "Judge Eckels"], "distractor groups": ["General Johnston"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What motivated Secret Service to enhance White House security?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Agencies Confer When they learned a second plane had struck the World Trade Center, nearly everyone in the White House told us, they immediately knew it was not an accident.
Sent 2: The Secret Service initiated a number of security enhancements around the White House complex.
Sent 3: The officials who issued these orders did not know that there were additional hijacked aircraft, or that one such aircraft was en route to Washington.
Sent 4: These measures were precautionary steps taken because of the strikes in New York.
Sent 5: The FAA and White House Teleconferences.
Sent 6: The FAA, the White House, and the Defense Department each initiated a multiagency teleconference before 9:30.
Sent 7: Because none of these teleconferences-at least before 10:00- included the right officials from both the FAA and Defense Department, none succeeded in meaningfully coordinating the military and FAA response to the hijackings.
Sent 8: At about 9:20, security personnel at FAA headquarters set up a hijacking teleconference with several agencies, including the Defense Department.
Sent 9: The NMCC officer who participated told us that the call was monitored only periodically because the information was sporadic, it was of little value, and there were other important tasks.
Sent 10: The FAA manager of the teleconference also remembered that the military participated only briefly before the Pentagon was hit.
Sent 11: Both individuals agreed that the teleconference played no role in coordinating a response to the attacks of 9/11.
Sent 12: Acting Deputy Administrator Belger was frustrated to learn later in the morning that the military had not been on the call.
Sent 13: At the White House, the video teleconference was conducted from the Situation Room by Richard Clarke, a special assistant to the president long involved in counterterrorism.
Sent 14: Logs indicate that it began at 9:25 and included the CIA; the FBI; the departments of State, Justice, and Defense; the FAA; and the White House shelter.
Sent 15: The FAA and CIA joined at 9:40.
Sent 16: The first topic addressed in the White House video teleconference-at about 9:40-was the physical security of the President, the White House, and federal agencies.
Sent 17: Immediately thereafter it was reported that a plane had hit the Pentagon.
Sent 18: We found no evidence that video teleconference participants had any prior information that American 77 had been hijacked and was heading directly toward Washington", "answer groups": ["The strikes in New York", "Strikes in New York"], "distractor groups": ["Hijacked planes", "Bin Laden", "FAA orders"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Is Jason the killer?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A stranger in town meets pretty young Susan Martinez De La Cruz and accompanies her to a barbecue , where wealthy Jason Carberry is saying a few words for the recently departed Robin Randall , a citizen who got shot .
Sent 2: Jason objects to the stranger's presence , being Susan's guardian and protective of her .
Sent 3: He challenges him to a shootout , but the stranger pulls his pistol before Jason's can even clear the holster .
Sent 4: Calaveras Kate , a saloon singer who's in love with Jason , is relieved when the stranger declines to pull the trigger .
Sent 5: Rafael Moreno suddenly rides into town and picks a fight with the stranger .
Sent 6: Their brawl continues until the arrival of Judge Wallace Wintrop and his niece , Sheila , who have come to town from back East and deplore all this random violence out West .
Sent 7: The stranger is recognized as Reb Randall , the dead man's brother .
Sent 8: He is looking for the killer , who could be Rafael , or could be Jason , or could even be Billy Buckett , the coward of the county .
Sent 9: The women hold their breath to see if the men they love will survive ", "answer groups": ["It is unknown", "Only in speculation", "It's possible"], "distractor groups": ["Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is coming to see Jake next game?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Jake was walking to the park to play baseball with his friends.
Sent 2: He loved being outside on sunny days, and now that school was over for the year, he was playing baseball every day.
Sent 3: The more he played, the better he got.
Sent 4: Only Frank was better than he was.
Sent 5: He liked playing third base, but he often played in the field.
Sent 6: He was carrying his favorite mitt that his Grandfather had bought him.
Sent 7: His Grandfather had taught him to catch.
Sent 8: He loved spending time with him when he was younger, but he had moved last year.
Sent 9: Now he only saw his Grandfather in the summer.
Sent 10: Jake was really excited to show him his skills when he came to their next game.
Sent 11: He could throw really fast now.
Sent 12: He was sure his Grandfather would want to sit in the front to watch him.
Sent 13: He knew he would jump up and down.
Sent 14: Jake happily ran the rest of the way to the park thinking about how much fun he was going to have playing baseball this year", "answer groups": ["Jake's Grandfather", "Grandfather"], "distractor groups": ["Frank"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who are the people suspected to have killed Robin Randall?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A stranger in town meets pretty young Susan Martinez De La Cruz and accompanies her to a barbecue , where wealthy Jason Carberry is saying a few words for the recently departed Robin Randall , a citizen who got shot .
Sent 2: Jason objects to the stranger's presence , being Susan's guardian and protective of her .
Sent 3: He challenges him to a shootout , but the stranger pulls his pistol before Jason's can even clear the holster .
Sent 4: Calaveras Kate , a saloon singer who's in love with Jason , is relieved when the stranger declines to pull the trigger .
Sent 5: Rafael Moreno suddenly rides into town and picks a fight with the stranger .
Sent 6: Their brawl continues until the arrival of Judge Wallace Wintrop and his niece , Sheila , who have come to town from back East and deplore all this random violence out West .
Sent 7: The stranger is recognized as Reb Randall , the dead man's brother .
Sent 8: He is looking for the killer , who could be Rafael , or could be Jason , or could even be Billy Buckett , the coward of the county .
Sent 9: The women hold their breath to see if the men they love will survive ", "answer groups": ["Billy Buckett", "Rafael", "The suspects are Rafael Moreno, Jason Carberry, and Billy Buckett", "Jason Carberry", "Jason"], "distractor groups": ["Susan", "Kate", "The stranger", "Judge Wallace Wintrop", "Sheila"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How are the nutrients processed?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Living things need non-living matter as well as energy.
Sent 2: What do you think matter is used for?
Sent 3: One thing is to build bodies.
Sent 4: They also need it to carry out the processes of life.
Sent 5: Any non-living matter that living things need is called a nutrient.
Sent 6: Carbon and nitrogen are examples of nutrients.
Sent 7: Unlike energy, matter is recycled in ecosystems.
Sent 8: You can see how in Figure 3.11.
Sent 9: Decomposers release nutrients when they break down dead organisms.
Sent 10: The nutrients are taken up by plants through their roots.
Sent 11: The nutrients pass to primary consumers when they eat the plants.
Sent 12: The nutrients pass to higher level consumers when they eat lower level consumers.
Sent 13: When living things die, the cycle repeats", "answer groups": ["Through the roots", "The roots take up the nutrients they are passed on to those that eat the plants and then are passed to higher level consumer who eat the lower ones"], "distractor groups": ["By eating"]}, {"question": "
Sent 18: But among those who shared his beliefs, Atta stood out as a decisionmaker.
Multi Label Question: Who is in the Hamburg group", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Although Bin Laden, Atef, and KSM initially contemplated using established al Qaeda members to execute the planes operation, the late 1999 arrival in Kandahar of four aspiring jihadists from Germany suddenly presented a more attractive alternative.
Sent 2: The Hamburg group shared the anti-U.S. fervor of the other candidates for the operation, but added the enormous advantages of fluency in English and familiarity with life in the West, based on years that each member of the group had spent living in Germany.
Sent 3: Not surprisingly, Mohamed Atta, Ramzi Binalshibh, Marwan al Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah would all become key players in the 9/11 conspiracy.
Sent 4: Mohamed Atta was born on September 1, 1968, in Kafr el Sheikh, Egypt, to a middle-class family headed by his father, an attorney.
Sent 5: After graduating from Cairo University with a degree in architectural engineering in 1990, Atta worked as an urban planner in Cairo for a couple of years.
Sent 6: In the fall of 1991, he asked a German family he had met in Cairo to help him continue his education in Germany.
Sent 7: They suggested he come to Hamburg and invited him to live with them there, at least initially.
Sent 8: After completing a course in German, Atta traveled to Germany for the first time in July 1992.
Sent 9: He resided briefly in Stuttgart and then, in the fall of 1992, moved to Hamburg to live with his host family.
Sent 10: After enrolling at the University of Hamburg, he promptly transferred into the city engineering and planning course at the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, where he would remain registered as a student until the fall of 1999.
Sent 11: He appears to have applied himself fairly seriously to his studies (at least in comparison to his jihadist friends) and actually received his degree shortly before traveling to Afghanistan.
Sent 12: In school, Atta came across as very intelligent and reasonably pleasant, with an excellent command of the German language.
Sent 13: When Atta arrived in Germany, he appeared religious, but not fanatically so.
Sent 14: This would change, especially as his tendency to assert leadership became increasingly pronounced.
Sent 15: According to Binalshibh, as early as 1995 Atta sought to organize a Muslim student association in Hamburg.
Sent 16: In the fall of 1997, he joined a working group at the Quds mosque in Hamburg, a group designed to bridge the gap between Muslims and Christians.
Sent 17: Atta proved a poor bridge, however, because of his abrasive and increasingly dogmatic personality", "answer groups": ["Ramzi Binalshibh", "Mohamed Atta Ramzi Binalshibh, Marwan al Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah", "Ziad Jarrah", "Atta", "Marwan al Shehhi", "Mohamed Atta"], "distractor groups": ["Al Qaeda", "Hamburg", "USA", "Bin Laden", "Atef", "KSM", "Ziad"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who confirmed that the teleconference was not important to the coordination of a response to the attack?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Agencies Confer When they learned a second plane had struck the World Trade Center, nearly everyone in the White House told us, they immediately knew it was not an accident.
Sent 2: The Secret Service initiated a number of security enhancements around the White House complex.
Sent 3: The officials who issued these orders did not know that there were additional hijacked aircraft, or that one such aircraft was en route to Washington.
Sent 4: These measures were precautionary steps taken because of the strikes in New York.
Sent 5: The FAA and White House Teleconferences.
Sent 6: The FAA, the White House, and the Defense Department each initiated a multiagency teleconference before 9:30.
Sent 7: Because none of these teleconferences-at least before 10:00- included the right officials from both the FAA and Defense Department, none succeeded in meaningfully coordinating the military and FAA response to the hijackings.
Sent 8: At about 9:20, security personnel at FAA headquarters set up a hijacking teleconference with several agencies, including the Defense Department.
Sent 9: The NMCC officer who participated told us that the call was monitored only periodically because the information was sporadic, it was of little value, and there were other important tasks.
Sent 10: The FAA manager of the teleconference also remembered that the military participated only briefly before the Pentagon was hit.
Sent 11: Both individuals agreed that the teleconference played no role in coordinating a response to the attacks of 9/11.
Sent 12: Acting Deputy Administrator Belger was frustrated to learn later in the morning that the military had not been on the call.
Sent 13: At the White House, the video teleconference was conducted from the Situation Room by Richard Clarke, a special assistant to the president long involved in counterterrorism.
Sent 14: Logs indicate that it began at 9:25 and included the CIA; the FBI; the departments of State, Justice, and Defense; the FAA; and the White House shelter.
Sent 15: The FAA and CIA joined at 9:40.
Sent 16: The first topic addressed in the White House video teleconference-at about 9:40-was the physical security of the President, the White House, and federal agencies.
Sent 17: Immediately thereafter it was reported that a plane had hit the Pentagon.
Sent 18: We found no evidence that video teleconference participants had any prior information that American 77 had been hijacked and was heading directly toward Washington", "answer groups": ["The FAA manager and a NMCC officer", "The NMCC and FAA Manager"], "distractor groups": ["DOJ and FBI", "CIA and FBI"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who does IBM see as their technological competition?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: IBM opened a sprawling and sophisticated semiconductor factory here on Wednesday that cost more than 2.5 billion to build and equip, the largest single capital investment the company has ever made.
Sent 2: The factory, which opens as the computer chip business is in a slump, is a costly and risky move for IBM.
Sent 3: But it is also an expression of confidence by the company that it can remain a technology leader in the highly competitive global semiconductor industry, and a commitment that the best place to execute that strategy is in upstate New York.
Sent 4: IBM is an exception among computer makers in that it still invests heavily in research to advance the design, manufacture and materials used in semiconductor chips.
Sent 5: It is spending more than 500 million a year on semiconductor research and development.
Sent 6: The factory will produce a wide range of specialized semiconductors used in everything from the largest mainframe computers to cell phones and video-game consoles.
Sent 7: The new plant is part of IBM's push to gain a strong lead in chip-making beyond the personal computer business, where Intel and East Asian chip producers hold the advantage.
Sent 8: \"The core of our strategy is to lead in technology and attack the high-performance segments of the market,\" said John Kelly, senior vice president in charge of IBM's technology group.
Sent 9: An advantage to having the semiconductor fabricating factory here, Kelly explained, was that it was very close to its research laboratories in nearby Westchester County, N.Y. To stay ahead in advanced chip technology, he said, moving innovations out of the labs and into the factory as fast as possible is crucial.
Sent 10: \"What we call the lab-to-fab time should be as close to zero as possible,\" Kelly said.
Sent 11: \"If our strategy were anything but to be on the leading edge, we'd have put the plant in Asia.\"
Sent 12: The new factory, which will begin normal production early next year, will employ about 1,000 people", "answer groups": ["Intel and East Asian chip makers", "Intel and East Asian chip producers", "Intel", "East Asian chip producers"], "distractor groups": ["Apple", "The personal computer business", "Westchester County", "Samsung"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is a poet, a producer and a crime writer?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Horror-meister, Stephen King calls George Pelecanos \"perhaps the greatest living American crime writer.\"
Sent 2: His stories are set in Pelecanos' hometown of Washington, D.C., but this is not the side of the U.S. capitol that you see portrayed on TV with white marble monuments, lawyers and lobbyists.
Sent 3: Pelecanos is more interested in working families struggling to get by, the racial tensions in its ethnic neighborhoods and the low-lifes on the edges.
Sent 4: His crime-writing peers call Pelecanos the \"undisputed poet\" of Washington's gritty side.
Sent 5: The best-selling and award-winning author is out this week with his 17th and latest novel, \"The Cut.\"
Sent 6: It's the first in a new series featuring Iraq war veteran and private investigator Spero Lucas.
Sent 7: When he's not working for a Washington defense attorney, Lucas recovers stolen property for a 40% cut.
Sent 8: Now, a high-profile crime boss hires Lucas to find out who's been stealing from him, and it could turn out to be Lucas' biggest payday or an untimely end.
Sent 9: While Pelecanos made his bones in the noir tradition, there's a definite \"Western\" feel to \"The Cut.\"
Sent 10: The new novel takes place in a morally gray and often violent world.
Sent 11: It's peppered with pitch-perfect dialogue and captures the sights, sounds and taste of Washington in rich detail.
Sent 12: In short, Pelecanos reads like the real deal.
Sent 13: Pelecanos knows a thing or two about capturing the authenticity of urban America with an ethnically and socially diverse cast.
Sent 14: In addition to his success as a novelist, Pelecanos is a producer and writer for HBO's New Orleans-set, \"Treme.\"
Sent 15: He was previously a producer and Emmy-nominated writer on the hit series \"The Wire\" and the miniseries \"The Pacific.\"
Sent 16: Read an excerpt from \"The Cut\" CNN recently spoke to Pelecanos about his new novel.
Sent 17: The following is an edited transcript.
Sent 18: CNN: Tell me more about your new character, Spero Lucas", "answer groups": ["Pelecanos", "George Pelecanos"], "distractor groups": ["Maya Angelou", "Meyers Briggs", "Stephen King"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who delivered a short speech about playing to win in technology?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In remarks during a ribbon-cutting ceremony here on Wednesday, Gov. George E. Pataki said he expected the facility to generate thousands more jobs in the Hudson Valley area for contractors and suppliers catering to the factory.
Sent 2: He praised IBM for being \"a critical partner in our economic development efforts\" in New York state.
Sent 3: In a brief speech, Samuel J. Palmisano, IBM's chief executive, emphasized that it was important to make long-term investments despite the current slump in the technology business.
Sent 4: \"To play to win in technology, you innovate and you lead,\" he said.
Sent 5: But manufacturing technology products is a costly and cyclical business.
Sent 6: In June, IBM announced that it was taking a charge of more than 2 billion against earnings.
Sent 7: The largest single reasons for the charge were the cost of getting out of the business of manufacturing hard disks for storage, which it sold to Hitachi, and closing down some of its older semiconductor operations.
Sent 8: But Kelly said the demand for advanced chips, like those produced at IBM's facility in Burlington, Vt., is strong.
Sent 9: \"I need more capacity in that end of the market,\" he said, \"and this is factory is critical to meeting that growing demand.\"
Sent 10: If IBM has miscalculated the demand, it will suffer badly as both the high operating costs and depreciation on the huge capital investment for the East Fishkill factory drag down earnings.
Sent 11: But industry analysts said the plant should be insulated from a falloff in one or a few segments of the semiconductor market", "answer groups": ["The last name is Palmisano", "Samuel J Palmisano"], "distractor groups": ["Kelly", "Fishgill", "Gov. George E. Pataki", "George E Pataki"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does Arthur think of Allan's non-traditional stories?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Allan crouched over his desk once more, pen in hand and mind blank.
Sent 2: He contemplated a story, an outline he had laboriously constructed some time ago.
Sent 3: He had filled his pen and raised it, the nib descending towards the paper, before the sound came: the gentle, persistent tapping of the gnarled, primeval willow touching the window with long, insistent fingers.
Sent 4: His eyes awoke with a passionate, determined flame, though the only light came from the glutted moon.
Sent 5: Allan filled page after page, the words escaping from his mind onto the paper.
Sent 6: Where before they had marched in regiments, practiced in ranks and followed their leaders' commands, the words now escaped in their true forms, unhindered by any stricture.
Sent 7: He continued long into the night, until the eldritch orb had sunk into the waiting hands of the willow, raised perpetually skyward.
Sent 8: Arthur looked up from the results of a night's frenzied labors and looked Allan in the eye.
Sent 9: \"What is this?\"
Sent 10: he queried, indicating the pages he held in his left hand.
Sent 11: \"I decided that\u2026 since I wasn't having much success with more \u2013 traditional \u2013 stories, I might see what sort of work I produced if I let my imagination go freely,\" Allan replied, somewhat less self-assured than he had been the previous night.
Sent 12: \"What in G-d's name could have possessed you to do such a thing,\" cried Arthur, nearly raising his voice.
Sent 13: \"After all I said the day before, why have you abandoned centuries of literary progress for some self-indulgent fantasy?\"
Sent 14: He shook the papers at Allan, raising them like a belt above the head of a disobedient son.
Sent 15: \"This is nothing but a glorified Grimm's tale, a miscarried child of Stoker, a creation less fit to be published than to be told around an open fire at the hovel of some peasant!\"
Sent 16: He spoke the last word with such heavy intonation that Allan shrank back before the physical wave of sound emanating from Arthur's throat.
Sent 17: \"Do you hate the modern system of literature?
Sent 18: Do you personally despise the works the Enlightenment or the progress made since Shakespeare?\"
Sent 19: For a moment, Allan could hardly do more than shake his head.
Sent 20: \"No, of course not\u2026 I\u2013 \" \"Then why,\" Arthur barreled on, \"do you disregard them all and return to this superstitious babble, this morbid, paganistic drivel", "answer groups": ["He does not like them", "They are drivel", "They are glorified Grimm's tales"], "distractor groups": ["They are exciting", "They are inventive", "He adores them"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did Carthaginians capitalize on in Ibiza?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A handful of Bronze Age relics has fostered an assumption that prehistoric settlers inhabited Ibiza thousands of years ago.
Sent 2: Greater evidence of such a people is found on Mallorca and Menorca than on Ibiza, but one of the Balearics' most important sites is actually on the island of Formentera, where the megalithic monument/tomb of Ca Na Costa has been dated to 2000 b.c.
Sent 3: Ibiza's key location between Africa and ancient Iberia made it a convenient stopover for Mediterranean seafarers, such as the Phoenician traders, who called the island Ibosim.
Sent 4: The Greeks dubbed it Ebysos, the Romans called it Ebusus, and the Moors, Yebisah.
Sent 5: The Carthaginians: A detailed history of the island doesn't begin until it became a colony of Carthage in the 7th century b.c.
Sent 6: .
Sent 7: The Carthaginians originally came from the area comprising present-day Lebanon, and from their bases in North Africa and what's now Spain, they challenged the Roman Empire for domination of the Mediterranean region.
Sent 8: Their interest in Ibiza lay partly in its vast salt flats, which to this day remain the source of a profitable industry.
Sent 9: They capitalized on the natural resources by using the salt to cure fish, which they exported to their home country.
Sent 10: The Carthaginians also carried out lead mining and continued to be of significance up until this century.
Sent 11: It is believed that the lead pellets which were used by the Carthaginian general Hannibal were made on Ibiza.
Sent 12: The Carthaginians also considered the island a holy place, and here in great splendour they buried thousands of their citizens in a huge necropolis on the Puig des Molins (Hill of the Windmills) below the Dalt Vila (Old Town) of Ibiza.
Sent 13: Under the gnarled olive trees archaeologists have uncovered a treasure trove of statues, jewellery, pitchers, tools, and coins, which are now displayed in the town's two archaeological museums.
Sent 14: The Romans never really infiltrated Ibiza, and even after the defeat of Hannibal in 202 b.c.
Sent 15: during the Second Punic War their influence was restrained.
Sent 16: Only with the fall of Carthage in 146 b.c.
Sent 17: did they manage to make inroads, but, as local historians stress, Ibiza was neither conquered nor annexed by Rome, but confederated, retaining remarkable autonomy.
Sent 18: For centuries to come the old Carthaginian traditions were allowed to continue on Ibiza alongside the new Roman way of life", "answer groups": ["Salt to cure fish", "The natural resources"], "distractor groups": ["Lead mining", "Slave work"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: According to an observer, what would Neal never consider doing?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Still untaken are several steps that required goodwill from local bar associations and others who had opposed the combination.
Sent 2: \"[I am] not a fan of Neal's,\" admitted John Peck, a former board member of the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program and a Pasadena Bar Association board member.
Sent 3: Peck says bad feelings still linger among Ailies of the old program who feel left out.
Sent 4: \"They really screwed us.
Sent 5: We had a good program,\" Peck said.
Sent 6: An observer familiar with the reconfiguration debate who requested anonymity wondered why Dudovitz had not spent more time mending fences.
Sent 7: \"He ought to be bending over backwards for reconciliation, but if you want to do impact work and people in the San Gabriel Valley want direct services, you have to accommodate that or change your approach,\" the observer said.
Sent 8: \"Neal would never consider doing that.\"
Sent 9: More than a year after he officially incorporated the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley, Dudovitz had not placed a local resident on the board of Neighborhood Legal Services or made the rounds of the private legal community to recruit the volunteer lawyers.
Sent 10: \"Our emphasis has been on having our potential clients know about us and deliver services to them,\" Dudovitz said.
Sent 11: \"We have done that spectacularly.\"
Sent 12: He did not hire any of the old program's nine lawyers and has yet to permanently place any of his 18 new hires in the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley.
Sent 13: The lack of a legal aid presence in Pomona prompted the bar association and court officials to start their own once-monthly family law clinic.
Sent 14: After learning of the effort, Dudovitz sent personnel to staff the clinic for three hours per week and is helping to write a grant application to fund a self-help kiosk for Pomona patterned on the center he pioneered in Van Nuys.
Sent 15: The help, although late, has earned Dudovitz some appreciation.
Sent 16: \"There has been a transition and [the clinic] has helped to fill some void,\" said Deni Butler, administrator for the Eastern District Superior Court.
Sent 17: \"But we are working together quite nicely contrary to what the other side issue is.\"
Sent 18: Scott Wheeler, president of the Eastern Bar Association of Los Angeles and an ally of the old program, said he mobilized his 200 members to staff the clinic after watching the ranks of unserved poor grow over the past year", "answer groups": ["Bend over backwards for reconciliation", "Changing his approach", "Accommodating people who want direct services or changing his approach", "Making accommodations and"], "distractor groups": ["Apologizing to John Peck", "Changing his program for any reason", "Build fences for neighbors", "Volunteer at the once-monthly family law clinic"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How did the Roundheads attempt resistance?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Halting just outside the village, Harry formed his men with a front across the whole road, and directed the lines to advance, twenty yards apart.
Sent 2: Then, placing himself at their head, he gave the word, and charged down the street upon the Roundheads.
Sent 3: The latter, occupied by their attack upon the houses, were unconscious of the presence of their foe until he was close upon them, and were taken utterly by surprise.
Sent 4: The force of the charge was irresistible, and the Roundheads, dispersed and on foot, were cut down in all directions.
Sent 5: Groups of twos and threes stood together and attempted resistance, but the main body thought only of regaining their horses.
Sent 6: In three minutes after the Royalists entered the village the surviving Roundheads were in full flight, hotly pursued by the victorious Cavaliers.
Sent 7: These, being for the most part better mounted, overtook and slew many of the Roundheads, and not more than half the force which had set out returned to their quarters at Didcot.
Sent 8: The pursuit continued to within half a mile of that place, and then Harry, knowing that there was a force of Roundhead infantry there, drew off from the pursuit, and returned to Chalcombe.
Sent 9: He found that more than half of Sir Ralph Willoughy's men had been killed, many having been cut down before they could betake themselves to their arms, those quartered in the inn, and at two or three of the larger houses, having alone maintained a successful resistance until the arrival of succor", "answer groups": ["Groups of twos and threes stood together", "They tried in 3's"], "distractor groups": ["They attacked"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Why does Bernardo despise the house?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: To say her face fell would do a disservice to Tasha and to literature.
Sent 2: (Allow me my self-indulgences as you would those of a dying man -- when I convince my mindsmith to permit the wipe, there will be another Bernardo Flynn, one who knows no more of Tasha Cortez or Vega IV than he reads here.) Her brows drew together, creasing the lovely, caramel-colored skin around her eyes and showing the pattern for an old woman's wrinkles on her forehead.
Sent 3: Her lower lip (a trifle too narrow for her face, perhaps her only physical flaw) thrust forward slightly as she started to speak.
Sent 4: She caught herself, slid her jaw infinitesimally back into place, and said, \"You don't like it?\"
Sent 5: I laughed.
Sent 6: What could I do?
Sent 7: I clapped her shoulder to show I was not laughing at her.
Sent 8: \"Like it?
Sent 9: I hate it, despise it, abhor it!
Sent 10: It's gaudy, graceless, pretentious -- That house is an affront to taste and intelligence.
Sent 11: I should buy it to raze it, but I am not so kind-hearted.
Sent 12: I might, however, rent it.\"
Sent 13: I think she only heard the last words of my speech.
Sent 14: \"You will?\"
Sent 15: \"It amuses me.
Sent 16: Show me around, and then I shall decide.\"
Sent 17: \"Of course, Se\u00f1or Flynn.\"
Sent 18: \"And stop calling me 'se\u00f1or'.
Sent 19: Not even Los Mundos is so polite.
Sent 20: Call me Bernardo", "answer groups": ["It is gaudy, graceless, and pretentious", "It's gaudy, graceless, pretentious -"], "distractor groups": ["Its ugly"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the names of some of the women in prison charged for being women's activists?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- As Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad visited the U.N. General Assembly in New York last month, the spotlight was once again on Iran.
Sent 2: And true to form, the Iranian president made his fair share of provocative statements for the Western media.
Sent 3: But while Ahmadinejad's mercurial rants captured our media's attention, back in Iran a coordinated strategy against the women's movement continued.
Sent 4: On the eve of Ahmadinejad's arrival to New York, Shiva Nazar Ahari, a prominent young female defender of human rights, received a heavy sentence of six years in prison on charges including the vague crime of \"waging war against God\" -- a convenient catch-all offense for anyone who criticizes the regime and its human rights record.
Sent 5: There's no denying it -- Iran's women have had a bad year.
Sent 6: Nazar Ahari joins a steadily increasing number of other women's rights activists who are in prison for no greater crime than their attempt to fight for the rights of the women.
Sent 7: Hengameh Shahidi, Alieh Eghdam Doust, Bahareh Hedayat and Mahdiyeh Golrou have all been sent to Tehran's notorious Evin Prison on trumped-up charges related to their activism.
Sent 8: And while Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, arguably the most internationally recognized Iranian women's rights activist, remains unable to safely return to her country, the government is targeting those affiliated with her for arrest and imprisonment, including her lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh and her former aide Jinous Sobhani.
Sent 9: Since the 2009 disputed elections and associated government crackdown on the overall reform movement, the government has increasingly targeted women activists.
Sent 10: The reasons behind this go well beyond the misogynist nature of Iran's religious leadership.
Sent 11: Rather, it is more part of a deliberate and calculated strategy of the Iranian authorities to strike at the heart of the regime's greatest vulnerability -- internal legitimacy with its own people.
Sent 12: See more CNN.com opinion articles Iran's government recognizes and fears the broader power of the women activists who have been on the front line of reform in Iran for more than a decade.
Sent 13: One can roughly draw an analogy between the women's movement in Iran to movements of religious groups in Burma or Tibet, or the labor \"solidarity\" movements in the former Eastern bloc and associated labor-Roman Catholic solidarity in Poland -- all advocating initially for the freedoms of a specific group but which provoked government fears for their transformative power to promote broader human rights progress.
Sent 14: While the outside world occasionally reacts to the most egregious manifestations of Iran's repression of women -- such as the international condemnation associated with Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian widow sentenced to stoning on charges of alleged adultery -- these events are often portrayed simply as a consequence of the regime's archaic viewpoint about gender", "answer groups": ["Nazar Ahari", "Bahareh Hedayat", "Mahdiyeh Golrou", "Shirin Ebadi", "Hengameh Shahidi", "Alieh Eghdam Doust"], "distractor groups": ["Mahmoud Ahmadinejad"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Pope is being criticized/supported for what type of work?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Modern criticism of Pope focuses on the man, his circumstances and motivations, prompted by theoretical perspectives such as Marxism, feminism and other forms of post-structuralism.
Sent 2: Brean Hammond focuses on Pope's singular achievement in making an independent living solely from his writing.
Sent 3: Laura Brown (1985) adopts a Marxist approach and accuses Pope of being an apologist for the oppressive upper classes.
Sent 4: Hammond (1986) has studied Pope's work from the perspectives of cultural materialism and new historicism.
Sent 5: Along Hammond's lines, Raymond Williams explains art as a set of practices influenced by broad cultural factors rather than simply the vague ideas of genius alone.
Sent 6: Hayden Carruth, wrote that it was \"Pope's rationalism and pandeism with which he wrote the greatest mock-epic in English literature.\"
Sent 7: In Politics and Poetics of Transgression (1985) Peter Stallybrass and Allon White charge that Pope drew upon the low culture which he despised in order to produce his own \"high art\".
Sent 8: They assert Pope was implicated in the very material he was attempting to exclude, not dissimilar to observations made in Pope's time.
Sent 9: Colin Nicholson reads the poetry in terms of the Financial Revolution, showing how Pope responded to the corruption of the traditional 'landed interest' by the newly dominant 'moneyed interest'.
Sent 10: Feminists have also criticised Pope's works.
Sent 11: Ellen Pollak's The Poetics of Sexual Myth (1985) argues that Pope followed an anti-feminist tradition, that regarded women as inferior to men both intellectually and physically.
Sent 12: Carolyn Williams contends that a crisis in the male role during the 18th century in Britain impacted Pope and his writing", "answer groups": ["Poetics of Sexual Myth", "His writing", "Writings by him"], "distractor groups": ["Intellectually and physically", "Filmmaking"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Why was the Gandee family's 1984 Ford Bronco partially submerged in mud?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Shain Gandee, one of the stars of the MTV reality show \"Buckwild,\" has been found dead along with two other people in Kanawha County, West Virginia, authorities said Monday.
Sent 2: \"This is a very sad and tragic event,\" Kanawha County Commissioner Kent Carper said.
Sent 3: \"We live in a very small community.
Sent 4: Our thoughts and prayers are with the Gandee family.\"
Sent 5: Gandee, 21, was found dead in a vehicle along with his uncle, David Dwight Gandee, 48, and Donald Robert Myers, 27, authorities said.
Sent 6: 'Buckwild' producer talks about the show \"Earlier this day after releasing information Shain Gandee was missing, the Kanawha County Sheriff's Office received word of a disabled vehicle in a wooded area near Thaxton Hollow, Sissonville, Kanawha County WV,\" said a statement from the Sheriff's Office.
Sent 7: \"Deputies and members of the Sissonville Volunteer Fire Department used all terrain vehicles to access that vehicle, a 1984 Ford Bronco belonging to the Gandee family.
Sent 8: The vehicle was in a muddy area along a worn path.
Sent 9: Inside were the bodies of three people.\"
Sent 10: In a subsequent release, the Sheriff's Office said the vehicle was partially submerged in mud.
Sent 11: It was uneven but upright; its muffler was below the surface.
Sent 12: Mud covered the lower part of the Bronco's passenger side door, but the driver's side, where the younger Gandee sat, was free, the Sheriff's Office said.
Sent 13: Gandee was happy with life before death He was one of the nine cast members of \"Buckwild.\"
Sent 14: The show follows a group of young adults trying to have fun in Sissonville, West Virginia, pulling stunts such as turning a dump truck into a swimming pool or just riding around the woods on their all-terrain vehicles.
Sent 15: Gandee was billed as a former high school prom king who had done \"every job from coal mining to being a garbage man", "answer groups": ["It's unclear", "It was in a muddy area along a worn path"], "distractor groups": ["The vehicle was nowhere near mud", "The driver got it stuck on purpose", "The killers did that on purpose", "Ramzi Binalshibh"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Who called to engage in national reconciliation and creation of a truth commission to investigate the crisis, in addition to the unity government, before the new president takes office next month?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Deposed Honduran President Jose Manuel Zelaya will not be reinstated as head of state, an overwhelming majority of the Honduran congress voted Wednesday.
Sent 2: In an hours-long process, 111 lawmakers voted in favor of a motion not to return Zelaya to office.
Sent 3: A majority of 65 votes in the 128-member body was required to reject his reinstatement.
Sent 4: Zelaya was removed from office in a military-led coup on June 28 and replaced by congressional leader Roberto Micheletti.
Sent 5: On Wednesday, lawmakers voted one by one and addressed the chamber as they cast their vote, making for a slow process.
Sent 6: The vote was a key part of a U.S.-brokered pact that representatives for Zelaya and Micheletti signed October 29, giving Congress the power to decide Zelaya's fate.
Sent 7: The United States expressed disappointment Thursday over the latest rebuff to its diplomatic efforts to end the political crisis in Honduras.
Sent 8: U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs Arturo Valenzuela continued to call on the Honduran government to allow Zelaya's return and to create a unity government in the interim period before the new president takes office next month.
Sent 9: \"We are disappointed by this decision since the United States had hoped the [Honduran] Congress would have approved his return,\" Valenzuela said in a conference call with journalists in Washington.
Sent 10: \"Our policy since June 28 has been consistently principled.
Sent 11: It has condemned the coup d'etat and continued to accept President Zelaya as the democratically elected and legitimate leader of Honduras throughout this political crisis.\"
Sent 12: The United States continues to call for Honduras to engage in national reconciliation and creation of a truth commission to investigate the crisis, in addition to the unity government.
Sent 13: \"The absence of democratic, constitutional order is the unacceptable status quo,\" a senior U.S. administration official said on the conference call, remaining anonymous under the ground rules of the call and because of the sensitivity of the situation.
Sent 14: \"The election is a step toward a day where Honduras will have an electorally legitimate government in place", "answer groups": ["U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs Arturo Valenzuela", "The United States"], "distractor groups": ["Ecuadaor", "Britain"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Clarke feel it was important to fund the CIA and counterterrorism more?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The after-action review had treated the CIA as the lead agency for any offensive against al Qaeda, and the principals, at their March 10 meeting, had endorsed strengthening the CIA's capability for that role.
Sent 2: To the CTC, that meant proceeding with \"The Plan,\" which it had put forward half a year earlier-hiring and training more case officers and building up the capabilities of foreign security services that provided intelligence via liaison.
Sent 3: On occasion, as in Jordan in December 1999, these liaison services took direct action against al Qaeda cells.
Sent 4: In the CTC and higher up, the CIA's managers believed that they desperately needed funds just to continue their current counterterrorism effort, for they reckoned that the millennium alert had already used up all of the Center's funds for the current fiscal year; the Bin Laden unit had spent 140 percent of its allocation.
Sent 5: Tenet told us he met with Berger to discuss funding for counterterrorism just two days after the principals' meeting.
Sent 6: While Clarke strongly favored giving the CIA more money for counterterrorism, he differed sharply with the CIA's managers about where it should come from.
Sent 7: They insisted that the CIA had been shortchanged ever since the end of the Cold War.
Sent 8: Their ability to perform any mission, counterterrorism included, they argued, depended on preserving what they had, restoring what they had lost since the beginning of the 1990s, and building from there-with across-the-board recruitment and training of new case officers, and the reopening of closed stations.
Sent 9: To finance the counterterrorism effort, Tenet had gone to congressional leaders after the 1998 embassy bombings and persuaded them to give the CIA a special supplemental appropriation.
Sent 10: Now, in the aftermath of the millennium alert, Tenet wanted a boost in overall funds for the CIA and another supplemental appropriation specifically for counterterrorism.
Sent 11: To Clarke, this seemed evidence that the CIA's leadership did not give sufficient priority to the battle against Bin Laden and al Qaeda.
Sent 12: He told us that James Pavitt, the head of the CIA's Directorate of Operations, \"said if there's going to be money spent on going after Bin Laden, it should be given to him.
Sent 13: My view was that he had had a lot of money to do it and a long time to do it, and I didn't want to put more good money after bad.\"
Sent 14: The CIA had a very different attitude: Pavitt told us that while the CIA's Bin Laden unit did\"extraordinary and commendable work,\" his chief of station in London \"was just as much part of the al Qaeda struggle as an officer sitting in [the Bin Laden unit].\"
Sent 15: The dispute had large managerial implications, for Clarke had found Ailies in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)", "answer groups": ["Because CIA had been shortchanged ever since the end of the Cold War", "The CIA had been shortchanged and needed to preserve what it had to fight terrorism"], "distractor groups": ["Because CIS needs money to buy machineries"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did papa preserve?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Captured Moments by Will Shetterly I remember Papa's stopbox, a teal blue Tiempo Capturado that Mama brought home for his birthday.
Sent 2: It was huge and inefficient, and she should never have spent so many pesos on a toy, but Papa would not let her return it.
Sent 3: He used it to preserve baby tomatoes, cucumbers, and strawberries in translucent cubes that he stored in the pantry for spring-time meals in the middle of winter.
Sent 4: Mama kept her mink jacket, a family hand-me-down, safe from time in a stopbox, and lent the capturador to my uncle for his stamp collection.
Sent 5: Sometimes they would let us little ones to seal a treasured toy or a last piece of birthday cake until we begged them for its release, usually a few hours after enclosing it.
Sent 6: When my father died, a year after my mother, my sisters and I cleaned out their apartment.
Sent 7: We found our baby shoes protected in stopboxes.
Sent 8: I took mine home, where they sat above my computer while I worked on my first play.
Sent 9: One night when I did not believe love had ever existed for anyone, I used my own capturador, a sleek titanium Sanyo Tardar Ahora, to undo the stopbox.
Sent 10: Bringing my face close to the shoes, I breathed deeply of air that my parents had trapped while closing up that symbol of their love for me.
Sent 11: The instant would have been improved had my baby shoes been cleaned before they were encased.
Sent 12: But as soon as I coughed, I laughed, and I did not try to kill myself that night", "answer groups": ["Tomatoes, cucumbers, and strawberries", "Baby tomatoes, cucumbers, and strawberries"], "distractor groups": ["Baby shoes", "Spring-time meals in the middle of winter"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which planet reaches Darwin IV by traveling at 20% the speed of light?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Alien Planet starts out with an interstellar spacecraft named Von Braun , leaving Earth's orbit .
Sent 2: Traveling at 20 % the speed of light , it reaches Darwin IV in 42 years .
Sent 3: Upon reaching orbit , it deploys the Darwin Reconnaissance Orbiter , Which looks for potential landing sites for the probes .
Sent 4: The first probe , Balboa , explodes along with its lifting body transport during entry , because one of its wings failed to unfold .
Sent 5: Two backup probes , Leonardo da Vinci and Isaac Newton , successfully land on the planet , and learn much about its bizarre indigenous lifeforms , including an apparently sapient species .
Sent 6: The robotic probes sent out to research on Darwin IV are called Horus Probes .
Sent 7: Each Horus probe consists of an { { convert } } long inflatable , hydrogen-filled balloon , Which is covered with solar receptors , a computer ` brain ' , a ` head ' covered with sensors , and several smaller robots that can be sent to places too dangerous for the probes themselves .
Sent 8: The probes have a limited degree of artificial intelligence , very similar to the ` processing power ' of a 4-year-old .
Sent 9: All the real thinking is done by a supercomputer in the orbiting Von Braun .
Sent 10: The probes are programmed with different personalities ; Ike is more cautious , while Leo is the risk-taker .
Sent 11: The two probes are also equipped with a holographic message that will be projected to any sentient life found on Darwin .
Sent 12: After the two probes inflate their gas-bags , they encounter a voracious Arrowtongue and watch it pursue a Gyrosprinter ", "answer groups": ["Alien Planet", "Alien Planet with Von Braun"], "distractor groups": ["Isaac Newton", "Darwin Reconnaissance Orbiter", "Horus", "Balboa", "Leonardo da Vinci"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: When you sit in front of a campfire, where does the energy of the fire come from?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Energy often changes from one form to another.
Sent 2: For example, the drummer transfers motion to sound energy.
Sent 3: When the moving drumstick strikes the drum head, the drum starts to vibrate.
Sent 4: The motion of the vibrating drum head creates the sound you hear.
Sent 5: Any form of energy can change into any other form.
Sent 6: Frequently, one form of energy changes into two or more different forms.
Sent 7: Have you ever sat in front of a campfire?
Sent 8: What are two things you notice?
Sent 9: The fire creates light.
Sent 10: It is also warm by the fire, meaning it creates heat.
Sent 11: The energy of the fire comes from the stored energy in the wood.
Sent 12: The wood contains chemical energy.
Sent 13: As it burns, the chemical energy is changed into light and heat.
Sent 14: Not all chemical energy changes produce light and heat.
Sent 15: Our cars use gasoline as a fuel.
Sent 16: Gasoline contains chemical energy.
Sent 17: When our cars burn gasoline in their engines, it is converted into motion and heat.
Sent 18: When energy changes forms, energy is conserved", "answer groups": ["Stored energy in the wood", "Energy stored in the wood"], "distractor groups": ["It comes from the chemical energy it inherently possesses", "It comes from the heat and light it produces", "It comes from the light it gives out"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who did the Confederates let leave?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dick was enraged to see how contentedly the men bore the irksome confinement, the meager food, and harsh peremptoriness of the beardless boys set over them as guards.
Sent 2: Most of the prisoners passed the time in cards, playing for buttons, trinkets, or what not that formed their scanty possessions.
Sent 3: Dick learned that all the commissioned officers of the company with Wesley Boone had been wounded or killed in the charge near the stone bridge.
Sent 4: Wesley had been with the prisoners at first.
Sent 5: He had been struck on the head, and was in a raging fever when his father and sister came to the prison to take him away.
Sent 6: No one could tell where he was now, but Dick knew that he must be in the city, since there were no exchanges, the Confederates allowing no one to leave the lines except women with the dead, or those who came from the North on special permits.
Sent 7: Then he visited the provost headquarters, and was shown the complete list of names recorded in the books there; but Barney's was not among them.
Sent 8: At the Spottswood Hotel, the day after his coming, he met Elisha Boone, haggard, depressed, almost despairing.
Sent 9: Dick had no love for the hard-headed plutocrat, but he couldn't resist making himself known", "answer groups": ["Women with the dead, or those who came from the North on special permits", "The women and those from the North on special permits"], "distractor groups": ["Special operatives"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why is amber so exciting for scientists?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Fossils may form in other ways.
Sent 2: Fossils can be preserved almost completely.
Sent 3: In this process, the organism doesnt change much.
Sent 4: As seen below, tree sap may cover an organism.
Sent 5: With time, the sap hardens.
Sent 6: It turns to into amber.
Sent 7: The original organism is preserved.
Sent 8: This is very exciting for scientists.
Sent 9: They are able to study the DNA of the organism that no longer lives on Earth.
Sent 10: Some animals have been found frozen in ice.
Sent 11: Others have been found in tar pits after falling in.
Sent 12: Molds and casts are another way organisms can be fossilized.
Sent 13: Have you ever walked in soft mud and left footprints?
Sent 14: Once in a while, these traces of organisms can be preserved.
Sent 15: In this case, nothing is left of the organism.
Sent 16: A mold is an imprint of an organism that is preserved in rock.
Sent 17: The organisms remains break down completely.
Sent 18: There is nothing left of the original plant and animal", "answer groups": ["It can preserve an organism, including the DNA of creatures that don't exist on earth anymore", "Scientists are able to study the DNA of the organism that no longer exist on Earth", "It completely preserves the object"], "distractor groups": ["It looks beautiful", "Because they see a real animal", "Because it leaves a mold", "Because it leaves a cast"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Who are the players on the Argentina's soccer team?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Argentina's star-studded line-up began their World Cup campaign with a 1-0 victory over Nigeria in their Group B opener in Johannesburg on Saturday.
Sent 2: A goal from defender Gabriel Heinze after six minutes was all that separated the two teams after an inspired display from Nigeria goalkeeper Vincent Enyeama.
Sent 3: But South Korea ended the day on top of the group following a 2-0 victory over Greece in Port Elizabeth earlier on Saturday.
Sent 4: Goals from Lee Jung-Soo and Park Ji-Sung gave the 2002 semifinalists a comfortable win over the 2008 European cvhampions.
Sent 5: Argentina 1-0 Nigeria Enyeama could do little to stop Heinze's powerful early header from a Juan Sebastian Veron corner, but he kept his team alive with a string of acrobatic saves to deny World Player of the Year Lionel Messi.
Sent 6: Diego Maradona was delighted to secure his first victory as a World Cup coach, but critical of his strikers for failing to make the game safe.
Sent 7: \"When you don't kill things off in front of goal you can pay a heavy price.
Sent 8: They almost got a draw -- we missed loads of chances,\" Maradona told AFP.
Sent 9: \"Players such as Leo Messi and Higuain knocked in around 60 goals last season between them, yet today it was almost as if they couldn't set their sights on goal.
Sent 10: \"But the win means we can be calm -- we are in the right track", "answer groups": ["Gabriel Heinze", "Diego Maradona", "Lionel Messi", "Juan Sebastian Veron"], "distractor groups": ["Nigeria Enyeama", "Lee Jung-Soo, Park Ji-Sung"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do clouds develop different regions of charges?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You may wonder if there are other examples of static discharge.
Sent 2: The answer is yes.
Sent 3: Lightning is a form of static discharge.
Sent 4: It is much more dramatic than what happens between you and the door knocker, but it is the same principle.
Sent 5: You can see how it occurs in the following diagram and animation.
Sent 6: You have no doubt seen lightning in a rainstorm.
Sent 7: What does lighting have to do with static electricity?
Sent 8: As it turns out, everything!
Sent 9: During a rainstorm, clouds develop regions of different charges.
Sent 10: This happens due to the movement of air molecules, water drops, and ice particles.
Sent 11: The negative charges are concentrated at the base of the clouds.
Sent 12: The positive charges are concentrated at the top.
Sent 13: The negative charges repel electrons on the ground below.
Sent 14: The ground then becomes positively charged.
Sent 15: Over time the differences increase.
Sent 16: Eventually the electrons are discharged.
Sent 17: This is what we see as lightning.
Sent 18: You can watch an awesome slow-motion lightning strike below", "answer groups": ["Because of motion present in air molecules, water drops, and ice particles", "Because of movement of air molecules, water drops, and ice particles", "Through the movement of molecules, water drops, and ice particles"], "distractor groups": ["Due to dynamic discharge property of lightning", "Because positive charges are concentrated at the base of the clouds"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What type of energy do cars use to move?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Energy often changes from one form to another.
Sent 2: For example, the drummer transfers motion to sound energy.
Sent 3: When the moving drumstick strikes the drum head, the drum starts to vibrate.
Sent 4: The motion of the vibrating drum head creates the sound you hear.
Sent 5: Any form of energy can change into any other form.
Sent 6: Frequently, one form of energy changes into two or more different forms.
Sent 7: Have you ever sat in front of a campfire?
Sent 8: What are two things you notice?
Sent 9: The fire creates light.
Sent 10: It is also warm by the fire, meaning it creates heat.
Sent 11: The energy of the fire comes from the stored energy in the wood.
Sent 12: The wood contains chemical energy.
Sent 13: As it burns, the chemical energy is changed into light and heat.
Sent 14: Not all chemical energy changes produce light and heat.
Sent 15: Our cars use gasoline as a fuel.
Sent 16: Gasoline contains chemical energy.
Sent 17: When our cars burn gasoline in their engines, it is converted into motion and heat.
Sent 18: When energy changes forms, energy is conserved", "answer groups": ["Chemical energy", "Gasoline as a fuel"], "distractor groups": ["Heat energy"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the reasons land is cleared?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: When land is cleared, habitats are lost.
Sent 2: It may be cleared for agriculture.
Sent 3: It may also be used for building new homes or businesses.
Sent 4: Within the past 100 years, the amount of land used for agriculture has almost doubled.
Sent 5: Land used for grazing cattle has more than doubled.
Sent 6: Many wetlands have also been lost to agriculture.
Sent 7: The U.S. has lost almost all the natural tall-grass prairies.
Sent 8: Thee areas of tall thick grass have virtually disappeared.
Sent 9: These areas of land had thick fertile soil.
Sent 10: Their grasses had very deep root systems.
Sent 11: These deep and thick roots reduced the amount of soil erosion.
Sent 12: They also were home to many plants and animals.
Sent 13: Prairies were wonderful places.
Sent 14: They were home to colorful flowers, prairie dogs, and herds of bison", "answer groups": ["Agriculture, developement", "It is cleared to meet agricultural needs or to build homes and businesses", "New homes", "New businesses", "Agriculture"], "distractor groups": ["Increase land for herds of bison", "Dogs"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What stood in the way of the speaker and their escape?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: We were cornered in a sort of way already.
Sent 2: But these butchers up the cavern had been surprised, they were probably scared, and they had no special weapons, only those little hatchets of theirs.
Sent 3: And that way lay escape.
Sent 4: Their sturdy little forms--ever so much shorter and thicker than the mooncalf herds--were scattered up the slope in a way that was eloquent of indecision.
Sent 5: I had the moral advantage of a mad bull in a street.
Sent 6: But for all that, there seemed a tremendous crowd of them.
Sent 7: Very probably there was.
Sent 8: Those Selenites down the cleft had certainly some infernally long spears.
Sent 9: It might be they had other surprises for us.... But, confound it!
Sent 10: if we charged up the cave we should let them up behind us, and if we didn't those little brutes up the cave would probably get reinforced.
Sent 11: Heaven alone knew what tremendous engines of warfare--guns, bombs, terrestrial torpedoes--this unknown world below our feet, this vaster world of which we had only pricked the outer cuticle, might not presently send up to our destruction.
Sent 12: It became clear the only thing to do was to charge!
Sent 13: It became clearer as the legs of a number of fresh Selenites appeared running down the cavern towards us", "answer groups": ["Guns", "Bombs", "The Selenites"], "distractor groups": ["Caves", "Bull"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was the consequence of Ben talking back to the Judge?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dr. Benjamin Stone is a hotshot young surgeon who longs to leave the drudgery of a Washington , D.C. emergency room and finally leaps at his chance at more money and less death as a plastic surgeon in Beverly Hills .
Sent 2: On his last day , Ben's relationship with his co-workers is presumed to be anything but a warm one .
Sent 3: None of his colleagues will join him for a drink and a cake in his honor has an iced portion of the phrase `` Good riddance , asshole '' sliced out .
Sent 4: Ben's cross-country drive in a 1956 Porsche 356 Speedster is interrupted when he crashes in the rural hamlet of Grady , South Carolina .
Sent 5: The crash damages the fence of local Judge Evans , who sentences him to community service at a nearby hospital .
Sent 6: Ben offers to pay for the fence , but the stern judge increases his community service each time he talks back .
Sent 7: Defeated , he reports to the hospital , where Nurse Packer humbles him by ordering him to clock in and out , as would a factory worker .
Sent 8: Though upset , Ben quickly makes friends with Mayor Nick Nicholson , the town cafe's proprietor/head waitress , and Melvin , the local mechanic tasked with repairing Ben's car .
Sent 9: Ben soon finds his clinic work to be much more laid-back than the emergency room .
Sent 10: He has simple cases such as spots before the eyes , fishing hook impalings , and even reading mail for a young illiterate couple , whose baby he later delivers .
Sent 11: The experience also humbles Ben when he mistreats a case of mitral valve regurgitation leading to late cyanosis in the child ", "answer groups": ["Ben got more community service", "He's given more community service", "Judge increased the period community service every time he talked back", "Community service at a nearby hospital", "His community service is increased"], "distractor groups": ["Sentenced to jail", "He is sent back to Washington DC", "The judge scolded him", "His community service decreases", "Got his car impounded"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who's culture evolved under the pressure and influence of foreign forces?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Little is known of the earliest Stone Age inhabitants of Europe's southwestern extremity.
Sent 2: The ancient Greeks called them the Cynetes (or Cunetes).
Sent 3: Whatever their origins, their culture evolved under the pressure and influence of foreign forces.
Sent 4: Among the many invading armies that settled here and contributed to nascent Portuguese culture were Phoenicians, who settled in the area around 1,000 b.c., followed by the Celts, Iberians, Greeks, and Carthaginians.
Sent 5: But it was the Romans, who arrived late in the third century b.c., who most greatly influenced all of Iberia.
Sent 6: They built towns, industries, roads, and bridges, developed agriculture, and bequeathed the Latin language, of which Portuguese is a direct descendant.
Sent 7: The Romans named the southwestern province of the peninsula Lusitania, oddly enough for one of the Celtiberian tribes they defeated, and by the third century a.d.
Sent 8: had introduced Christianity.
Sent 9: By the beginning of the fourth century the Algarve had a bishop in place, based in Faro.
Sent 10: But Rome had already fallen into decay, and soon hordes of northern tribesmen took over the empire.
Sent 11: The Algarve fell to the Visigoths in the mid-fifth century.
Sent 12: Under Moorish Rule In a.d.
Sent 13: 711, the Moors brought powerful armies from North Africa and launched a devastating attack on the Iberian peninsula, conquering much of what would become Spain and Portugal.
Sent 14: They imposed Islam and left an indelible influence on the countryside and the population of the Algarve.
Sent 15: The Moorish legacy can still be seen in the form of wells and waterwheels, squat white houses, the dark complexions of the people, and in the very name given the region\u00a0\u2014\u00a0taken from Al-Gharb, which means \"country of the west\" (when the Moors conquered the territory, it was the most westerly in the known world).
Sent 16: The Moors governed their Iberian kingdoms from across the border in Seville, but the Algarve had its own regional capital and huge, invulnerable fortress.
Sent 17: The capital was Chelb (or Xelb), and it was bigger and better defended than Lisbon.
Sent 18: Today the town, known as Silves, is a provincial outpost whose only besiegers are busloads of tourists who climb the narrow streets up to the old Moorish ramparts", "answer groups": ["The earliest Stone Age inhabitants of Europe's southwestern extremity", "Cynetes"], "distractor groups": ["Rome", "Moors", "Tribes people"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What contribution did Camus make to philosophy?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Literary career During the war Camus joined the French Resistance cell Combat, which published an underground newspaper of the same name.
Sent 2: This group worked against the Nazis, and in it Camus assumed the nom de guerre Beauchard.
Sent 3: Camus became the paper's editor in 1943.
Sent 4: He first met Sartre at the dress rehearsal of Sartre's play, The Flies, in June 1943.
Sent 5: When the Ailies liberated Paris in August 1944, Camus witnessed and reported the last of the fighting.
Sent 6: Soon after the event on 6 August 1945, he was one of the few French editors to publicly express opposition and disgust to the United States' dropping the atomic bomb in Hiroshima.
Sent 7: He resigned from Combat in 1947 when it became a commercial paper.
Sent 8: After the war, Camus began frequenting the Cafe de Flore on the Boulevard Saint-Germain in Paris with Sartre and others.
Sent 9: He also toured the United States to lecture about French thought.
Sent 10: Although he leaned left, politically, his strong criticisms of Communist doctrine did not win him any friends in the Communist parties and eventually alienated Sartre.
Sent 11: In 1949, his tuberculosis returned, whereupon he lived in seclusion for two years.
Sent 12: In 1951, he published The Rebel, a philosophical analysis of rebellion and revolution which expressed his rejection of communism.
Sent 13: Upsetting many of his colleagues and contemporaries in France, the book brought about the final split with Sartre.
Sent 14: The dour reception depressed Camus; he began to translate plays.
Sent 15: Camus's first significant contribution to philosophy was his idea of the absurd.
Sent 16: He saw it as the result of our desire for clarity and meaning within a world and condition that offers neither, which he expressed in The Myth of Sisyphus and incorporated into many of his other works, such as The Stranger and The Plague.
Sent 17: Despite his split from his \"study partner\", Sartre, Camus was still categorized as an Existentialist.
Sent 18: He specifically rejected that label in his essay \"Enigma\" and elsewhere", "answer groups": ["Idea of the absurd", "Translating plays"], "distractor groups": ["Idea of the clarity"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: What is the name of the Nigerian goalkeeper?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Argentina's star-studded line-up began their World Cup campaign with a 1-0 victory over Nigeria in their Group B opener in Johannesburg on Saturday.
Sent 2: A goal from defender Gabriel Heinze after six minutes was all that separated the two teams after an inspired display from Nigeria goalkeeper Vincent Enyeama.
Sent 3: But South Korea ended the day on top of the group following a 2-0 victory over Greece in Port Elizabeth earlier on Saturday.
Sent 4: Goals from Lee Jung-Soo and Park Ji-Sung gave the 2002 semifinalists a comfortable win over the 2008 European cvhampions.
Sent 5: Argentina 1-0 Nigeria Enyeama could do little to stop Heinze's powerful early header from a Juan Sebastian Veron corner, but he kept his team alive with a string of acrobatic saves to deny World Player of the Year Lionel Messi.
Sent 6: Diego Maradona was delighted to secure his first victory as a World Cup coach, but critical of his strikers for failing to make the game safe.
Sent 7: \"When you don't kill things off in front of goal you can pay a heavy price.
Sent 8: They almost got a draw -- we missed loads of chances,\" Maradona told AFP.
Sent 9: \"Players such as Leo Messi and Higuain knocked in around 60 goals last season between them, yet today it was almost as if they couldn't set their sights on goal.
Sent 10: \"But the win means we can be calm -- we are in the right track", "answer groups": ["Enyeama", "Vincent Enyeama"], "distractor groups": ["Gabriel Heinze", "Group B", "Juan Sebastian Veron", "Johannesburg"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Zarco happened upon a small volcanic archipelago near Lisbon following the orders of which leader?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Befitting a lush, tropical island stranded in the middle of the ocean, Madeira\u2019s origins are shrouded in mystery and fanciful legend.
Sent 2: Some claim that the archipelago is what remains of Plato\u2019s lost Atlantis, or part of a landmass that once fused the continents of Europe and America.
Sent 3: The Portuguese Step Ashore: Recorded history of the volcanic archipelago begins in relatively recent times: 1418, just as the golden age of Portuguese discovery was erupting.
Sent 4: Under the leadership of Henry the Navigator, caravels set out from the westernmost point of the Algarve, in southern Portugal, in search of foreign lands, fame, and wealth.
Sent 5: Jo\u00e3o Gon\u00e7alves Zarco, sailing in the service of Prince Henry, made the first of many famous Portuguese discoveries, which would culminate a century later in Magellan\u2019s historic circumnavigation of the globe.
Sent 6: Zarco happened upon a small volcanic archipelago 1,000 km from Lisbon.
Sent 7: Perhaps Zarco knew precisely where he was heading, having learned of the existence of Madeira from a Castilian source.
Sent 8: After all, the waters of the Canary Islands, only 445 km (275 miles) to the south, had occupied busy shipping lanes for very nearly a century, and Genovese maps from the mid-14th century depict both Madeira and Porto Santo.
Sent 9: More likely, Zarco was heading for Guinea and storms forced him onto the beach of Porto Santo.
Sent 10: If so, then he was extremely fortunate, for he managed to land on the only large, sandy beach for hundreds of miles around.
Sent 11: Little wonder he subsequently named it Porto Santo (Holy Port).
Sent 12: The following year Zarco returned to claim the larger island he had seen from Porto Santo, and with him went Trist\u00e3o Vaz Teixeira and Bartolomeu Perestrelo.
Sent 13: They officially became the first men to set foot on the heavily forested island, naming it Ilha da Madeira, \u201cIsland of Timber.
Sent 14: \u201d The Portuguese Crown, delighted with its first important discovery, immediately embarked on a program of colonization.
Sent 15: Zarco and Teixeira were appointed co-go\u00advern\u00adors of Madeira, while Perestrelo was awarded Porto Santo", "answer groups": ["Prince Henry", "Henry the Navigator"], "distractor groups": ["Plato", "queen mary", "Trist\u00c3\u00a3o Vaz Teixeira", "Magellan", "Madiera"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does Madame White Snake use to distract and deceive?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: \"Femme\" is an apt description of the depiction of Madame White Snake and all her incarnations.
Sent 2: It refers to a woman who is dangerously attractive, and lures men to their downfall with her sexual attractiveness.
Sent 3: In both incarnations of Madame White snake, the authors depict her as bewitchingly beautiful.
Sent 4: Toyoo, her human lover in \"Lust of the White Serpant\" cannot shake the image of her beauty from his mind and dreams of her, and finds himself \"disturbed and agitated\" by her \"ethereal beauty\".
Sent 5: In \"Eternal Prisoner,\" Madame White Snake's bewitching beauty follows her lover Hs\u00fc into his dreams, and the next morning \"he was so distracted that he could not concentrate on doing business.\" Both of these stories align negative connotations with her beauty, suggesting that her sexuality is the cause of their distraction.
Sent 6: In addition to distracting sexuality, the irregular characterization of Madame White Snake might be another trait her character has in common with the archetypical noir femme fatale.
Sent 7: In her essay analyzing the noir film from a feminist perspective, Christine Gledhill writes \"Not only is the hero frequently not sure whether the woman is honest or a deceiver, but the heroine's characterisation is itself fractured so that it is not evident to the audience whether she fills the [femme fatale] stereotype or not\"", "answer groups": ["Her sexual attraction", "Sexual attractiveness and ethereal beauty", "Sexuality", "Her beauty"], "distractor groups": ["Her luts", "Eternal Prisoner slaves", "Beauty"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: When did the Secret Service initiate security enhancements around the White House?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Agencies Confer When they learned a second plane had struck the World Trade Center, nearly everyone in the White House told us, they immediately knew it was not an accident.
Sent 2: The Secret Service initiated a number of security enhancements around the White House complex.
Sent 3: The officials who issued these orders did not know that there were additional hijacked aircraft, or that one such aircraft was en route to Washington.
Sent 4: These measures were precautionary steps taken because of the strikes in New York.
Sent 5: The FAA and White House Teleconferences.
Sent 6: The FAA, the White House, and the Defense Department each initiated a multiagency teleconference before 9:30.
Sent 7: Because none of these teleconferences-at least before 10:00- included the right officials from both the FAA and Defense Department, none succeeded in meaningfully coordinating the military and FAA response to the hijackings.
Sent 8: At about 9:20, security personnel at FAA headquarters set up a hijacking teleconference with several agencies, including the Defense Department.
Sent 9: The NMCC officer who participated told us that the call was monitored only periodically because the information was sporadic, it was of little value, and there were other important tasks.
Sent 10: The FAA manager of the teleconference also remembered that the military participated only briefly before the Pentagon was hit.
Sent 11: Both individuals agreed that the teleconference played no role in coordinating a response to the attacks of 9/11.
Sent 12: Acting Deputy Administrator Belger was frustrated to learn later in the morning that the military had not been on the call.
Sent 13: At the White House, the video teleconference was conducted from the Situation Room by Richard Clarke, a special assistant to the president long involved in counterterrorism.
Sent 14: Logs indicate that it began at 9:25 and included the CIA; the FBI; the departments of State, Justice, and Defense; the FAA; and the White House shelter.
Sent 15: The FAA and CIA joined at 9:40.
Sent 16: The first topic addressed in the White House video teleconference-at about 9:40-was the physical security of the President, the White House, and federal agencies.
Sent 17: Immediately thereafter it was reported that a plane had hit the Pentagon.
Sent 18: We found no evidence that video teleconference participants had any prior information that American 77 had been hijacked and was heading directly toward Washington", "answer groups": ["After the second plane hit the world trade towers", "When it became apparent that it wasn't an accident", "After the second plane hit the World Trade Center"], "distractor groups": ["When the FAA told them to", "9:40am when the teleconference began"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are some memories Legal Aid's workers recall about the old office?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In her storage room-turned-office, Jennifer Baum works under an expanding leak that is causing the ceiling to turn brown and crumble.
Sent 2: Mold grows in the buckets positioned to catch the water.
Sent 3: She shrugs it off.
Sent 4: Outside her office she has taped up a clear plastic suit, and a sign that reads, \"All employees must don protective gear before coming in.\"
Sent 5: Such is life in limbo.
Sent 6: Nearly a year after Sept. 11, the Legal Aid Society-the lawyers for New York's poor and homeless-remains, well, homeless.
Sent 7: The nonprofit has been barred from returning to its 90 Church St. headquarters, across from the World Trade Center site, because of environmental concerns.
Sent 8: Legal Aid has uncomfortable company.
Sent 9: More than 11,500 New Yorkers continue to work out of temporary space, according to analysis by Manhattan-based real estate brokerage TenantWise.com Inc. and Crain's New York Business.
Sent 10: That's 8% of the 137,000 workers who lost their offices or access to them when the Twin Towers collapsed.
Sent 11: Legal Aid's 450 displaced attorneys and staffers have spent the past 12 months spread among previously unused spaces-some unused for good reason-in the nonprofit's other offices.
Sent 12: It could be another year and a half before they return to their old desks.
Sent 13: They have contended with difficult working conditions as demand for Legal Aid's services is on the rise because of Sept. 11 and the deteriorating economy.
Sent 14: The civil division is spread among a few boroughs.
Sent 15: Their papers and documents, some 20,000 boxes worth, are stuck in a storage facility in Linden, N.J. \"I am counting the days till we can have all the parts back in one place,\" says Steven Banks, Legal Aid's associate attorney in chief.
Sent 16: In the memories of the exiled workers, the old office has achieved mythical proportions.
Sent 17: They say the wood paneling and rugs had the ability to cool emotions and lift spirits.
Sent 18: The Legal Aid office on Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights, where 65 displaced workers have cobbled together space amid the faded and scratched walls, looks more like a bargain basement", "answer groups": ["Rugs", "Emotions and spirits", "The wood paneling and rugs had the ability to cool emotions and lift spirits", "The old office has achieved mythical proportions"], "distractor groups": ["The faded and scratched walls", "65 displaced workers"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What crimes did Frank commit?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Adrienne Saunders is happily married to her art dealer husband , Jack .
Sent 2: They have a daughter named Mary .
Sent 3: Adrienne hears from a friend that she thought she saw Jack in town when he claimed to be on an out of town business trip .
Sent 4: Adrienne confronts him , but he denies being in town , and their lives continue .
Sent 5: Soon after a museum curator is mysteriously murdered , and a relic that Jack bought for the museum is revealed to be a fake .
Sent 6: Jack is placed under suspicion , and then Adrienne receives word from the police that Jack perished in a car accident .
Sent 7: In trying to wrap up Jack 's affairs , Adrienne begins to suspect that her husband had switched identities with a high school classmate , Frank Sullivan .
Sent 8: When she sees a high school yearbook picture of her husband attributed to Sullivan , she is convinced .
Sent 9: She tracks down a relative of Saunders , who confirms that Frank and Jack were inseparable in high school .
Sent 10: After Jack died , the relative never saw Frank again .
Sent 11: She explained that Frank 's father was an alcoholic and that his mother worked as a toll booth operator .
Sent 12: She directs Adrienne to Frank 's mother , who lives in a rundown apartment in Brooklyn .
Sent 13: Frank 's mother bitterly receives the news that she has a granddaughter , telling Adrienne that Frank was always selfish and that he never looked in on her .
Sent 14: A stalker lurks at Adrienne 's loft .
Sent 15: He comes in to Adrienne 's bed while she is asleep and caresses her .
Sent 16: He watches Mary , who is spooked by the man in her room at night ", "answer groups": ["Stalks her", "Murder, impersonation, fraud"], "distractor groups": ["Murder"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was unaware of Penny Sweat's rights?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: When 74-year-old Penny Sweat was evicted from the HUD-subsidized Glendale Senior Housing in Salt Lake City last month, she moved to a nonsubsidized apartment at five times her previous rent because she was unaware of her rights.
Sent 2: It turns out the manager of the seniors complex, its attorneys and government overseers were unaware, too.
Sent 3: Lee Kemp, a hearing-impaired World War II disabled vet, also was evicted, but he contacted Utah Legal Services and was told to stay put.
Sent 4: Attorney Marty Blaustein then notified Utah Nonprofit Housing Corp., the building's owner, that Kemp's eviction was not legal and that he had a right to a hearing.
Sent 5: That didn't stop Utah Nonprofit Housing's attorneys from then sending Kemp a summons to show cause why he had not moved out.
Sent 6: Meanwhile, Sweat's granddaughter called Salt Lake City housing officials, federal housing officials, state officials and several agents of Utah Nonprofit Housing to find out about her grandmother's rights.
Sent 7: Nobody knew.
Sent 8: Blaustein then took Sweat's case along with Kemp's and demanded her ousting be rectified.
Sent 9: Utah Nonprofit Housing President Marion Willey returned from an out-of-town trip and learned HUD procedures were not followed.
Sent 10: The eviction was activated because of ongoing personality conflicts among seniors in the complex, he said, and the new building manager decided the problems were with Sweat and Kemp.
Sent 11: Several tenants blame other neighbors as perpetrators of the rift, however.
Sent 12: Willey said when his building manager called attorneys retained by the company, they erroneously told her she could go ahead and kick out the tenants.
Sent 13: When she called HUD to make sure, the inquiry got bogged down in bureaucracy and nobody called her back.
Sent 14: Willey says he has offered Sweat and Kemp apartments in another complex operated by his company at their old rates.
Sent 15: He also is retaining new attorneys", "answer groups": ["Attorneys", "Government overseers", "Managers of the senior complex", "Penny Sweat, the manager of the seniors complex, and its attorneys and government overseers", "Penny Sweat"], "distractor groups": ["Salt Lake City housing officials", "Penny's Granddaughter", "Lee Kemp", "Marty"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What event was Tim at when he finally got his bike?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Tim had always a red bike.
Sent 2: His birthday party was coming up and he hoped that his parents would finally get him the bike.
Sent 3: When his friends came over for the party, Tim was very worried that he wouldn't get the bike.
Sent 4: He looked at all the presents and none of them seemed big enough to have a bike in them.
Sent 5: Tim was sad.
Sent 6: When it was time to open the presents he opened them one at a time.
Sent 7: The first present was not a bike.
Sent 8: The second present was not a bike.
Sent 9: The third present was the biggest one.
Sent 10: Tim knew if the bike was going to be in any of the presents it was going to be in this box.
Sent 11: Tim opened it and there was no bike inside.
Sent 12: Just as Tim tried not to look too upset, his Dad brought in the biggest present of them all.
Sent 13: His Dad had been hiding the present all along.
Sent 14: Tim opened it and his new bike was inside the box.
Sent 15: Tim put the bike together with his Dad's help", "answer groups": ["His party", "His birthday party", "Birthday"], "distractor groups": ["A graduation", "Breakfast", "Christmas"]}, {"question": " Child a native of Pasadena moved back to California and is living where?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Grande dame of cooking still going strong at 90: Julia Child celebrates in San Francisco.
Sent 2: How does it feel to turn 90 and have attained the status of an icon, a living legend?
Sent 3: \"It feels just like it felt before,\" Julia Child says with the throaty laugh familiar to millions who cut their culinary teeth on her \"French Chef\" television series.
Sent 4: The show, along with her seminal book, \"Mastering the Art of French Cooking\" (1961), revolutionized the way America cooks and eats.
Sent 5: While making light of the difference a day -- or another decade -- makes, Child intends to enjoy her birthday thoroughly.
Sent 6: First, there will be all the public observances, including a sold-out dinner Thursday at San Francisco's tony Fifth Floor restaurant, which -- like dinners that night at 19 other venues across the country -- will benefit the scholarship fund of the International Association of Culinary Professionals (which Child co-founded).
Sent 7: Friday to Sunday, the action moves to Napa, with both members-only and public events at COPIA: The American Center for Wine, Food and the Arts, of which she is an honorary board member.
Sent 8: Aug. 15, her actual birthday, will see her in Maine at an annual gathering of nieces, nephews, their offspring and friends, who for many years have rolled a joined birthday celebration for several members of the group into a jolly reunion.
Sent 9: The schedule Child and her assistant of 14 years, former pastry chef Stephanie Hersh, have laid out is not exactly a senior-citizen routine, even though Child has always been candid about her age and realistic in assessing her own capabilities.
Sent 10: When the Pasadena native moved back to California from her long-time home in the Boston area last year, she also made the move from a condominium she and her late husband, Paul, had purchased many years ago to a progressive retirement home.
Sent 11: She is in the most active of the four levels available, but should the need arise, she can move on to assisted living facilities within the same complex.
: Julia Child, Grande dame of cooking and husband Paul spent most of their lives in Boston", "answer groups": ["A Progressive retirement home", "She lives in a progressive four level retirement home"], "distractor groups": ["San Francisco", "Assisted living complex", "Maine"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was The President doing when he noticed the press' phones and pagers start to ring?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: At 9:48, a representative from the White House shelter asked if there were any indications of another hijacked aircraft.
Sent 2: The deputy director for operations mentioned the Delta flight and concluded that \"that would be the fourth possible hijack.\"
Sent 3: At 9:49, the commander of NORAD directed all air sovereignty aircraft to battle stations, fully armed.
Sent 4: At 9:59, an Air Force lieutenant colonel working in the White House Military Office joined the conference and stated he had just talked to Deputy National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley.
Sent 5: The White House requested (1) the implementation of continuity of government measures, (2) fighter escorts for Air Force One, and (3) a fighter combat air patrol over Washington, D.C.
Sent 6: By 10:03, when United 93 crashed in Pennsylvania, there had been no mention of its hijacking and the FAA had not yet been added to the teleconference.
Sent 7: The President and the Vice President The President was seated in a classroom when, at 9:05, Andrew Card whispered to him: \"A second plane hit the second tower.
Sent 8: America is under attack.\"
Sent 9: The President told us his instinct was to project calm, not to have the country see an excited reaction at a moment of crisis.
Sent 10: The press was standing behind the children; he saw their phones and pagers start to ring.
Sent 11: The President felt he should project strength and calm until he could better understand what was happening.
Sent 12: The President remained in the classroom for another five to seven minutes, while the children continued reading.
Sent 13: He then returned to a holding room shortly before 9:15, where he was briefed by staff and saw television coverage.
Sent 14: He next spoke to Vice President Cheney, Dr. Rice, New York Governor George Pataki, and FBI Director Robert Mueller.
Sent 15: He decided to make a brief statement from the school before leaving for the airport.
Sent 16: The Secret Service told us they were anxious to move the President to a safer location, but did not think it imperative for him to run out the door.
Sent 17: Between 9:15 and 9:30, the staff was busy arranging a return to Washington, while the President consulted his senior advisers about his remarks.
Sent 18: No one in the traveling party had any information during this time that other aircraft were hijacked or missing.
Sent 19: Staff was in contact with the White House Situation Room, but as far as we could determine, no one with the President was in contact with the Pentagon", "answer groups": ["Listening to children read in a classroom", "Remaining in the classroom", "Listening to Children read"], "distractor groups": ["Standing behind the children", "Press Conference", "Running out the door", "Eating Breakfast"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was Arthur Thorndike thinking of on his morning drive?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: As his car slid downtown on Tuesday morning the mind of Arnold Thorndike was occupied with such details of daily routine as the purchase of a railroad, the Japanese loan, the new wing to his art gallery, and an attack that morning, in his own newspaper, upon his pet trust.
Sent 2: But his busy mind was not too occupied to return the salutes of the traffic policemen who cleared the way for him.
Sent 3: Or, by some genius of memory, to recall the fact that it was on this morning young Spear was to be sentenced for theft.
Sent 4: It was a charming morning.
Sent 5: The spring was at full tide, and the air was sweet and clean.
Sent 6: Mr. Thorndike considered whimsically that to send a man to jail with the memory of such a morning clinging to him was adding a year to his sentence.
Sent 7: He regretted he had not given the probation officer a stronger letter.
Sent 8: He remembered the young man now, and favorably.
Sent 9: A shy, silent youth, deft in work, and at other times conscious and embarrassed.
Sent 10: But that, on the part of a stenographer, in the presence of the Wisest Man in Wall Street, was not unnatural.
Sent 11: On occasions, Mr. Thorndike had put even royalty\u2014 frayed, impecunious royalty, on the lookout for a loan\u2014at its ease.
Sent 12: The hood of the car was down, and the taste of the air, warmed by the sun, was grateful.
Sent 13: It was at this time, a year before, that young Spear picked the spring flowers to take to his mother.
Sent 14: A year from now where would young Spear be?
Sent 15: It was characteristic of the great man to act quickly, so quickly that his friends declared he was a slave to impulse.
Sent 16: It was these same impulses, leading so invariably to success, that made his enemies call him the Wisest Man.
Sent 17: He leaned forward and touched the chauffeur's shoulder.
Sent 18: \"Stop at the Court of General Sessions,\" he commanded.
Sent 19: What he proposed to do would take but a few minutes.
Sent 20: A word, a personal word from him to the district attorney, or the judge, would be enough", "answer groups": ["The purchase of a railroad, the Japanese loan, the new wing to his art gallery, an article in a newspaper he owned attacking his favorite trust, and that a young man named spear was going to be sentenced for theft", "His daily routine, before he started thinking of Spear"], "distractor groups": ["The salutes", "The daily news", "The policemen that cleared the way for him", "His mother"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did the team avert from attacking an oil tanker and attempt to attack a warship?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Early in chapter 5 we introduced, along with Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, two other men who became operational coordinators for al Qaeda: Khallad and Nashiri.
Sent 2: As we explained, both were involved during 1998 and 1999 in preparing to attack a ship off the coast of Yemen with a boatload of explosives.
Sent 3: They had originally targeted a commercial vessel, specifically an oil tanker, but Bin Laden urged them to look for a U.S.warship instead.
Sent 4: In January 2000, their team had attempted to attack a warship in the port of Aden, but the attempt failed when the suicide boat sank.
Sent 5: More than nine months later, on October 12,2000, al Qaeda operatives in a small boat laden with explosives attacked a U.S. Navy destroyer, the USS Cole.
Sent 6: The blast ripped a hole in the side of the Cole, killing 17 members of the ship's crew and wounding at least 40.
Sent 7: The plot, we now know, was a full-fledged al Qaeda operation, supervised directly by Bin Laden.
Sent 8: He chose the target and location of the attack, selected the suicide operatives, and provided the money needed to purchase explosives and equipment.
Sent 9: Nashiri was the field commander and managed the operation in Yemen.
Sent 10: Khallad helped in Yemen until he was arrested in a case of mistaken identity and freed with Bin Laden's help, as we also mentioned earlier.
Sent 11: Local al Qaeda coordinators included Jamal al Badawi and Fahd al Quso, who was supposed to film the attack from a nearby apartment.
Sent 12: The two suicide operatives chosen were Hassan al Khamri and Ibrahim al Thawar, also known as Nibras.
Sent 13: Nibras and Quso delivered money to Khallad in Bangkok during Khallad's January 2000 trip to Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok.
Sent 14: In September 2000, Bin Laden reportedly told Nashiri that he wanted to replace Khamri and Nibras.
Sent 15: Nashiri was angry and disagreed, telling others he would go to Afghanistan and explain to Bin Laden that the new operatives were already trained and ready to conduct the attack.
Sent 16: Prior to departing, Nashiri gave Nibras and Khamri instructions to execute the attack on the next U.S.warship that entered the port of Aden", "answer groups": ["Bin Laden urged them to look for a U.S.warship instead", "The two suicide operatives chosen were Hassan al Khamri and Ibrahim al Thawar, also known as Nibras", "The team was convinced by Bin Laden to attack warship instead of an oil tanker"], "distractor groups": ["Killing 17 members of the ship's crew and wounding at least 40", "The blast ripped a hole in the side of the Cole, killing 17 members of the ship's crew and wounding at least 40", "They thought the warship would create a larger explosion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which part of Portugal is not known for quaint cities?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: For much of the world, the Algarve is synonymous with Portugal, yet the Portuguese will tell you the exact opposite: the region has little in common with the rest of the country.
Sent 2: The southern stretch of coast is more reminiscent of a North African landscape than a European one.
Sent 3: It has no cosmopolitan cities, like Lisbon and Porto, which are farther north.
Sent 4: Most of Portugal is known for quaint towns, medieval castles, and grand palaces.
Sent 5: The Algarve is more recognizable for impenetrable blocks of tourist apartments, hotels, and meticulously manicured golf courses.
Sent 6: And beaches.
Sent 7: Think Algarve and the mind pictures long, glorious stretches of golden sands, secluded coves framed by odd ochre-colored rock formations, and deep green waters.
Sent 8: With about 160 km (100 miles) of coastline, Portugal's southern province is one of Europe's premier beach destinations.
Sent 9: The occasionally chilly ocean is the Atlantic, but the Algarve has a sultry Mediterranean feel.
Sent 10: Its consistent climate is the best in Portugal, and one of the kindest in the world: more than 250 days of sunshine a year\u00a0\u2014\u00a0more than almost any other international resort area.
Sent 11: The moderating effect of the Gulf Stream produces a fresh springtime breeze throughout winter, and in late January and February, white almond blossoms blanket the fields.
Sent 12: In summer the heat is intense but rarely unbearable, and regardless, beautiful beaches and innumerable pools are always just a dive away.
Sent 13: Magnificent year-round weather has made the Algarve a huge destination for sporting vacations.
Sent 14: Superb golf facilities abound\u00a0\u2014\u00a0several with tees dramatically clinging to cliffs and fairways just skirting the edge of the ocean\u00a0\u2014\u00a0and horseback riding, tennis, big-game fishing, sailing, and windsurfing are immensely popular.
Sent 15: Sports, beaches and hospitable weather\u00a0\u2014\u00a0not to mention easily organized package vacations\u00a0\u2014\u00a0are surely the reasons the Algarve receives as many visitors as the rest of Portugal in its entirety.
Sent 16: But it's not just international tourists that descend on the Algarve; many Portuguese from Lisbon and elsewhere in the north have holiday homes and spend their summer vacations here.
Sent 17: The coast is neatly divided into the rugged Barlavento to the west and the flat beauty of Sotavento to the east.
Sent 18: West is where you'll find the famous orange cliffs and surreal eroded rock stacks", "answer groups": ["The Algarve", "Sotavento", "Algarve Province"], "distractor groups": ["Porto", "Lisbon", "Portuguese"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What action briefly seemed like it might convince the Taliban to give up Bin Laden?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After the August missile strikes, diplomatic options to press the Taliban seemed no more promising than military options.
Sent 2: The United States had issued a formal warning to the Taliban, and also to Sudan, that they would be held directly responsible for any attacks on Americans, wherever they occurred, carried out by the Bin Laden network as long as they continued to provide sanctuary to it.
Sent 3: For a brief moment, it had seemed as if the August strikes might have shocked the Taliban into thinking of giving up Bin Laden.
Sent 4: On August 22, the reclusive Mullah Omar told a working-level State Department official that the strikes were counterproductive but added that he would be open to a dialogue with the United States on Bin Laden's presence in Afghanistan.
Sent 5: Meeting in Islamabad with William Milam, the U.S. ambassador to Pakistan, Taliban delegates said it was against their culture to expel someone seeking sanctuary but asked what would happen to Bin Laden should he be sent to Saudi Arabia.
Sent 6: Yet in September 1998, when the Saudi emissary, Prince Turki, asked Mullah Omar whether he would keep his earlier promise to expel Bin Laden, the Taliban leader said no.
Sent 7: Both sides shouted at each other, with Mullah Omar denouncing the Saudi government.
Sent 8: Riyadh then suspended its diplomatic relations with the Taliban regime.
Sent 9: (Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and the United Arab Emirates were the only countries that recognized the Taliban as the legitimate government of Afghanistan.) Crown Prince Abdullah told President Clinton and Vice President Gore about this when he visited Washington in late September.
Sent 10: His account confirmed reports that the U.S. government had received independently.
Sent 11: Other efforts with the Saudi government centered on improving intelligence sharing and permitting U.S. agents to interrogate prisoners in Saudi custody.
Sent 12: The history of such cooperation in 1997 and 1998 had been strained.
Sent 13: Several officials told us, in particular, that the United States could not get direct access to an important al Qaeda financial official, Madani al Tayyib, who had been detained by the Saudi government in 1997.67Though U.S. officials repeatedly raised the issue, the Saudis provided limited information.
Sent 14: In his September 1998 meeting with Crown Prince Abdullah, Vice President Gore, while thanking the Saudi government for their responsiveness, renewed the request for direct U.S. access to Tayyib.
Sent 15: The United States never obtained this access.
Sent 16: An NSC staff-led working group on terrorist finances asked the CIA in November 1998 to push again for access to Tayyib and to see \"if it is possible to elaborate further on the ties between Usama bin Ladin and prominent individuals in Saudi Arabia, including especially the Bin Laden family.\"
Sent 17: One result was two NSC-led interagency trips to Persian Gulf states in 1999 and 2000.
Sent 18: During these trips the NSC, Treasury, and intelligence representatives spoke with Saudi officials, and later interviewed members of the Bin Laden family, about Usama's inheritance", "answer groups": ["August missile strikes", "Because the US said the Taliban would be responsible for any attacks on US citizens", "August strikes might have shocked the Taliban into thinking of giving up Bin Laden"], "distractor groups": ["Because the US was interrogating prisoners in Saudi custody", "The us would hold them responsible"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was going on with Pushkin in 1820?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Born in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen.
Sent 2: By the time he finished school as part of the first graduating class of the prestigious Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo near Saint Petersburg, his talent was already widely recognized within the Russian literary scene.
Sent 3: After school, Pushkin plunged into the vibrant and raucous intellectual youth culture of the capital, Saint Petersburg.
Sent 4: In 1820 he published his first long poem, Ruslan and Lyudmila, amidst much controversy about its subject and style.
Sent 5: Pushkin gradually became committed to social reform and emerged as a spokesman for literary radicals.
Sent 6: This angered the government, and led to his transfer from the capital (1820).
Sent 7: He went to the Caucasus and to the Crimea, then to Kamenka and Chisinau, where he became a Freemason", "answer groups": ["He had angered the government with his poem Ruslan and Lyudmila and it led to his transfer from the capital", "He was being transferred from the capital", "He published his first long poem and was transferred from the capital after angering the government"], "distractor groups": ["He became a freemason", "He was moving to the united states"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: The board overseeing the state Office of Crime Victim Reparations voted to deny a stopgap funding request for which two organizations?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Low-income domestic violence victims may find long-term legal help -- representation in divorces or child-custody disputes -- hard to come by, if two organizations now providing such help can't replace their lost funding.
Sent 2: The Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake and Utah Legal Services are already facing cutbacks after they were refused a federal grant of more than 450,000 in September.
Sent 3: The board overseeing the state Office of Crime Victim Reparations [CVR] has voted to deny a stopgap funding request from the two organizations.
Sent 4: While describing the request as a worthy cause, board members agreed Tuesday that funding divorces or custody disputes was outside their focus -- providing direct services for crime victims.
Sent 5: The 175,000 requested would have allowed the legal aid groups to maintain a skeleton staff to continue providing help beyond emergency protective orders for victims, completing existing cases and offering services in limited cases.
Sent 6: The groups also plan to enlist more pro bono attorneys through coordination with the Utah State Bar. \"We don't have a lot more options,\" said Anne Milne, executive director of Utah Legal Services, after learning of the CVR refusal Wednesday.
Sent 7: The organization has already lost some staff through attrition and has turned away some cases, she said.
Sent 8: Milne said she may ask the board overseeing her organization to give her until November to seek funding from additional sources.
Sent 9: Without additional funding, the outlook for longer-term legal help is unclear.
Sent 10: For two years, the groups had received 18-month civil legal assistance grants from the U.S. Department of Justice and had used them to provide such assistance.
Sent 11: But last month, a third request was denied.
Sent 12: Funding used to help victims obtain emergency protective orders remains in place, said Milne and Stewart Ralphs, executive director of the Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake.
Sent 13: Although an order's requirements that an abuser stay away from a victim may remain in effect for years, protective orders only settle issues such as child custody, child support, custody and property arrangements for 150 days.
Sent 14: Many judges are reluctant to address those issues in emergency protective orders, since the decrees stay in effect for such a short time, Milne and Ralphs said.
Sent 15: \"The likelihood a victim will return to her abuser increases if she cannot permanently sever the relationship and establish workable support, custody and property arrangements,\" the funding request to CVR said.
Sent 16: The Department of Justice said it denied the grant application, in part, because evaluators did not see enough collaboration between the organizations and victims' advocates, Ralphs and Milne told CVR board members.
Sent 17: While the two said they believe their organizations coordinate well, the organizations cannot appeal the grant denial.
Sent 18: Although CVR board members considered giving the money as a loan, not a grant, their vote on the funding request -- taken after Milne and Ralphs left the meeting -- was unanimous", "answer groups": ["The Legal Aid Society and Utah Legal Services", "The Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake and the Utah Legal Services"], "distractor groups": ["Legal Aid", "CVR Board"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What two astronomical features have been named after Pushkin?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Honours and legacy In 1929, Soviet writer Leonid Grossman published a novel The d'Archiac Papers, telling the story of Pushkin's death from the perspective of a French diplomat, being a participant and a witness of the fatal duel.
Sent 2: The book describes him as a liberal and a victim of the Tsarist regime.
Sent 3: In Poland the book was published under the title Death of the Poet.
Sent 4: In 1937, the town of Tsarskoye Selo was renamed Pushkin in his honour.
Sent 5: There are several museums in Russia dedicated to Pushkin, including two in Moscow, one in Saint Petersburg, and a large complex in Mikhaylovskoye.
Sent 6: Pushkin's death was portrayed in the 2006 biographical film Pushkin: The Last Duel.
Sent 7: The film was directed by Natalya Bondarchuk.
Sent 8: Pushkin was portrayed onscreen by Sergei Bezrukov.
Sent 9: The Pushkin Trust was established in 1987 by the Duchess of Abercorn to commemorate the creative legacy and spirit of her ancestor and to release the creativity and imagination of the children of Ireland by providing them with opportunities to communicate their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
Sent 10: A minor planet, 2208 Pushkin, discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, is named after him.
Sent 11: A crater on Mercury is also named in his honour.
Sent 12: MS Alexandr Pushkin, second ship of the Russian Ivan Franko class (also referred to as \"poet\" or \"writer\" class).
Sent 13: Station of Tashkent metro was named in his honour.
Sent 14: The Pushkin Hills and Pushkin Lake were named in his honour in Ben Nevis Township, Cochrane District, in Ontario, Canada.
Sent 15: UN Russian Language Day, established by the United Nations in 2010 and celebrated each year on 6 June, was scheduled to coincide with Pushkin's birthday", "answer groups": ["A minor planet 2208 Pushkin", "A minor planet and a crater on Mercury", "A crater on Mercury"], "distractor groups": ["Star", "Meteor"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What man-made construction ended up creating jobs and also creating Lake Mead?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dam Good Luck: From the beginning, Las Vegas was built to serve travelers.
Sent 2: The railroad needed a way station, and Las Vegas was the place.
Sent 3: Growth continued for ten years, and by 1915 the town had telephones, round-the-clock electricity, and a growing population\u2002\u2014\u2002many of whom worked in the railroad repair shop.
Sent 4: But such heady progress would soon come to a halt.
Sent 5: The growing competition in rail transport resulted in Union Pacific buying the Los Angeles\u2013Salt Lake line.
Sent 6: Union Pacific then consolidated its operations, eliminating the Las Vegas repair facility.
Sent 7: Additionally, Las Vegas had been made a part of Nevada's new Clark County in 1909, a year when the legislature also outlawed gambling.
Sent 8: These unfortunate circumstances threatened to relegate Las Vegas to the status of a small desert community that could no longer support its 3000 residents.
Sent 9: But the southwest's growing need for water, combined with Las Vegas's fortuitous proximity to the Colorado River, would give Las Vegas a second chance to achieve prosperity.
Sent 10: Construction on Hoover Dam (originally Boulder Dam, subsequently renamed for the president who authorized the project) began in 1931 in a canyon 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Las Vegas.
Sent 11: Providing an influx of 165 million to the southwestern economy, Hoover Dam played a major role in preventing Las Vegas from drying up, both financially and literally.
Sent 12: Not only did it create jobs, but it also created Lake Mead, the massive reservoir that today provides water to all of southern Nevada.
Sent 13: More Government Help: The construction of Hoover Dam did not single-handedly save Las Vegas, however.
Sent 14: The state legislature helped as well, by legalizing gambling in 1931 and thus solidifying the future of the town, though legislators and residents could never have known this at the time.
Sent 15: The hordes of people who attended Hoover Dam's 1935 dedication set the city's now-formidable public relations machine into action.
Sent 16: They went to work on what has become one of the lengthiest citywide tourism campaigns ever attempted.
Sent 17: It didn't take long for the city to establish itself as a wild-West town with an \"anything goes\" attitude.
Sent 18: Vices outlawed or heavily controlled elsewhere were legal here, available any hour of any day (or night)", "answer groups": ["Hoover Dam", "Boulder Dam"], "distractor groups": ["Construction of Los Angeles - Salt Lake line", "Union Pacific", "The Los Angeles-Salt Lake Line", "The diversion of Colorado river", "Union Pacific railroad", "The way station for the railroad"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the ethnicity of the 17 Chinese Muslims held in Guantanamo Bay?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Washington (CNN) -- The Pacific island nation of Palau has agreed to take in 17 Chinese Muslims held at the U.S. prison camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the country's ambassador to the United States said Wednesday.
Sent 2: The map shows the Pacific island nation of Palau in relation to China.
Sent 3: Details of the transfer are still being worked out, Ambassador Hersey Kyota told CNN.
Sent 4: But Kyota said his country, a former U.S. Pacific trust territory, has agreed to take in the ethnic Uighur detainees \"for humanitarian reasons\" and because of the \"special relationship\" between Palau and the United States.
Sent 5: U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly would not comment on the announcement, telling reporters, \"We're still involved in ongoing discussions.\"
Sent 6: The agreement includes some U.S. aid for Palau, Kyota said, but he said those details remained to be worked out as well.
Sent 7: The country, with a population of about 20,000, is about 1,000 miles southeast of Manila, Philippines, and about 4,600 miles west of Hawaii.
Sent 8: Palau has received nearly 900 million in U.S. aid since independence in 1994, according to congressional auditors, and depends on Washington for defense.
Sent 9: The \"Compact of Free Association\" between Palau and the United States is up for review, but Kelly said any additional aid offer \"is not linked to any other discussions we may be having with the government of Palau.\"
Sent 10: The Uighurs were accused of receiving weapons and military training in Afghanistan", "answer groups": ["The detainees are ethnic Uighurs", "Uighur"], "distractor groups": ["Hawaiian", "Afghani", "American", "Philippino", "Chinese"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does femme refer to?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: \"Femme\" is an apt description of the depiction of Madame White Snake and all her incarnations.
Sent 2: It refers to a woman who is dangerously attractive, and lures men to their downfall with her sexual attractiveness.
Sent 3: In both incarnations of Madame White snake, the authors depict her as bewitchingly beautiful.
Sent 4: Toyoo, her human lover in \"Lust of the White Serpant\" cannot shake the image of her beauty from his mind and dreams of her, and finds himself \"disturbed and agitated\" by her \"ethereal beauty\".
Sent 5: In \"Eternal Prisoner,\" Madame White Snake's bewitching beauty follows her lover Hs\u00fc into his dreams, and the next morning \"he was so distracted that he could not concentrate on doing business.\" Both of these stories align negative connotations with her beauty, suggesting that her sexuality is the cause of their distraction.
Sent 6: In addition to distracting sexuality, the irregular characterization of Madame White Snake might be another trait her character has in common with the archetypical noir femme fatale.
Sent 7: In her essay analyzing the noir film from a feminist perspective, Christine Gledhill writes \"Not only is the hero frequently not sure whether the woman is honest or a deceiver, but the heroine's characterisation is itself fractured so that it is not evident to the audience whether she fills the [femme fatale] stereotype or not\"", "answer groups": ["Femme refers to a woman who is dangerously attractive, and lures men to their downfall with her sexual attractiveness", "Woman who is dangerously attractive, and lures men to their downfall with her sexual attractiveness", "A sexually seductive woman", "A bewitchingly beautiful woman"], "distractor groups": ["All women", "Feminism", "A true lover"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was seated in the row behind two of the terrorists?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: We do not know exactly how the hijackers gained access to the cockpit; FAA rules required that the doors remain closed and locked during flight.
Sent 2: Ong speculated that they had \"jammed their way\" in.
Sent 3: Perhaps the terrorists stabbed the flight attendants to get a cockpit key, to force one of them to open the cockpit door, or to lure the captain or first officer out of the cockpit.
Sent 4: Or the flight attendants may just have been in their way.
Sent 5: At the same time or shortly thereafter, Atta-the only terrorist on board trained to fly a jet-would have moved to the cockpit from his business-class seat, possibly accompanied by Omari.
Sent 6: As this was happening, passenger Daniel Lewin, who was seated in the row just behind Atta and Omari, was stabbed by one of the hijackers-probably Satam al Suqami, who was seated directly behind Lewin.
Sent 7: Lewin had served four years as an officer in the Israeli military.
Sent 8: He may have made an attempt to stop the hijackers in front of him, not realizing that another was sitting behind him.
Sent 9: The hijackers quickly gained control and sprayed Mace, pepper spray, or some other irritant in the first-class cabin, in order to force the passengers and flight attendants toward the rear of the plane.
Sent 10: They claimed they had a bomb.
Sent 11: About five minutes after the hijacking began, Betty Ong contacted the American Airlines Southeastern Reservations Office in Cary, North Carolina, via an AT&T airphone to report an emergency aboard the flight.
Sent 12: This was the first of several occasions on 9/11 when flight attendants took action outside the scope of their training, which emphasized that in a hijacking, they were to communicate with the cockpit crew.
Sent 13: The emergency call lasted approximately 25 minutes, as Ong calmly and professionally relayed information about events taking place aboard the airplane to authorities on the ground.
Sent 14: At 8:19, Ong reported:\"The cockpit is not answering, somebody's stabbed in business class-and I think there's Mace-that we can't breathe-I don't know, I think we're getting hijacked.\"
Sent 15: She then told of the stabbings of the two flight attendants.
Sent 16: At 8:21, one of the American employees receiving Ong's call in North Carolina, Nydia Gonzalez, alerted the American Airlines operations center in Fort Worth, Texas, reaching Craig Marquis, the manager on duty.
Sent 17: Marquis soon realized this was an emergency and instructed the airline's dispatcher responsible for the flight to contact the cockpit.
Sent 18: At 8:23, the dispatcher tried unsuccessfully to contact the aircraft", "answer groups": ["Lewin", "Daniel Lewin"], "distractor groups": ["Ong", "Gonzalez", "Omari"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: On which Mediterranean islands the relicts of prehistoric settlements were found?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A handful of Bronze Age relics has fostered an assumption that prehistoric settlers inhabited Ibiza thousands of years ago.
Sent 2: Greater evidence of such a people is found on Mallorca and Menorca than on Ibiza, but one of the Balearics' most important sites is actually on the island of Formentera, where the megalithic monument/tomb of Ca Na Costa has been dated to 2000 b.c.
Sent 3: Ibiza's key location between Africa and ancient Iberia made it a convenient stopover for Mediterranean seafarers, such as the Phoenician traders, who called the island Ibosim.
Sent 4: The Greeks dubbed it Ebysos, the Romans called it Ebusus, and the Moors, Yebisah.
Sent 5: The Carthaginians: A detailed history of the island doesn't begin until it became a colony of Carthage in the 7th century b.c.
Sent 6: .
Sent 7: The Carthaginians originally came from the area comprising present-day Lebanon, and from their bases in North Africa and what's now Spain, they challenged the Roman Empire for domination of the Mediterranean region.
Sent 8: Their interest in Ibiza lay partly in its vast salt flats, which to this day remain the source of a profitable industry.
Sent 9: They capitalized on the natural resources by using the salt to cure fish, which they exported to their home country.
Sent 10: The Carthaginians also carried out lead mining and continued to be of significance up until this century.
Sent 11: It is believed that the lead pellets which were used by the Carthaginian general Hannibal were made on Ibiza.
Sent 12: The Carthaginians also considered the island a holy place, and here in great splendour they buried thousands of their citizens in a huge necropolis on the Puig des Molins (Hill of the Windmills) below the Dalt Vila (Old Town) of Ibiza.
Sent 13: Under the gnarled olive trees archaeologists have uncovered a treasure trove of statues, jewellery, pitchers, tools, and coins, which are now displayed in the town's two archaeological museums.
Sent 14: The Romans never really infiltrated Ibiza, and even after the defeat of Hannibal in 202 b.c.
Sent 15: during the Second Punic War their influence was restrained.
Sent 16: Only with the fall of Carthage in 146 b.c.
Sent 17: did they manage to make inroads, but, as local historians stress, Ibiza was neither conquered nor annexed by Rome, but confederated, retaining remarkable autonomy.
Sent 18: For centuries to come the old Carthaginian traditions were allowed to continue on Ibiza alongside the new Roman way of life", "answer groups": ["Ibiza", "Ibiza, Mallorca, Menorca, Formentera"], "distractor groups": ["Naples", "Sicily"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Name the manager of John Lennon's who died around 1967.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: { { plot } } In 1964 , in the peak of Beatlemania , a reluctant John Lennon is persuaded by manager Brian Epstein to meet Freddie Lennon , the father who abandoned him seventeen years earlier , with the press in attendance .
Sent 2: When they meet , John accuses his father of abandoning him , but his father says that `` he left it up to John . ''
Sent 3: John and Brian quickly leave the meeting .
Sent 4: The movie then jumps to 1967 , after Brian Epstein has died .
Sent 5: The Beatles are giving a press conference about their new film, Magical Mystery Tour .
Sent 6: John is skeptical about the film , but Paul ( ( ( Andrew Scott convinces him to go through with the idea .
Sent 7: John then invites his father to his mansion to live with him .
Sent 8: Freddie Lennon arrives and meets his grandson , Julian .
Sent 9: Sitting with his wife , John reads the criticism of Magical Mystery Tour , while comparing his wife to Brigitte Bardot , whom he says he will meet after he returns from India .
Sent 10: John finds a letter addressed to him , with the word `` Breathe '' written on it .
Sent 11: Later , after finding his father in a neighbor's house , Freddie reveals that he has a 19 year old girlfriend named Pauline , with whom he wants to live .
Sent 12: Lennon accuses his father of leaving him again , and then leaves , after telling his father that he wo n't live with him anymore .
Sent 13: After meeting Maharishi Mahesh Yogi , the Beatles quickly return to London , and in a press conference they say they made a mistake when they trusted Maharishi .
Sent 14: The journalists are curious about the Beatles new business -- Apple Records ", "answer groups": ["Brian Epstein", "Brian"], "distractor groups": ["Freddie Lennon", "Andrew Scott"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How would one describe Fred's demeanor?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: One look at Fred Rooney, and you just know he's the good guy.
Sent 2: A trace of childish innocence in his face gives the lanky Bethlehem lawyer a Jimmy Stewart-like quality of quiet trust.
Sent 3: In black jeans and button-down shirt, he's a kind of folk hero in the south Bethlehem melting pot where he's crafted a law practice catering to working-class families - mostly Latino - in the shadow of the hulkish remnants of Bethlehem Steel.
Sent 4: A two-hour drive away, at City University of New York Law School in Queens, Rooney spends several days a week helping upstart lawyers develop storefront practices that, like his, provide legal representation to folks who can't afford a 250-an-hour legal counselor.
Sent 5: Kristin Booth Glen, the law school's dean, took one look at Rooney and knew he was the right person to head the innovative Community Legal Resources Network.
Sent 6: ''Fred's so low-key, he's Midwestern in effect,'' says Glen, a former New York Supreme Court judge.
Sent 7: ''He captivates people, he inspires loyalty.''
Sent 8: For bringing legal representation to the poor and a host of other social causes, including finding medical care for seriously ill children in Latin America, the Moravian College Alumni Association has chosen Rooney for its prestigious Haupert Humanitarian Award.
Sent 9: The award, given to only a select few alumni, will be presented at 7:30 tonight at a reception on Moravian's Priscilla Payne Hurd campus.
Sent 10: Moravian, where he was an undergraduate in the early 1970s, inspired Rooney's deep sense of social justice.
Sent 11: The son of a Bethlehem Steel executive in New York, he came to the Bethlehem campus from an affluent upbringing on Long Island.
Sent 12: The young Rooney might have set his sights on Washington, D.C., like his uncle, former U.S. Rep. Fred Rooney of Bethlehem.
Sent 13: After all, politics run in the Rooney family.
Sent 14: His brother, state Rep. T.J. Rooney of Bethlehem, is a power in the state Legislature and the Democratic Party.
Sent 15: But on a trip to Colombia when he was a junior at Moravian, the child of privilege saw human suffering, malnutrition and poverty the likes of which he had never imagined.
Sent 16: ''I couldn't understand why we live this way and they live that way,'' Rooney recalled.
Sent 17: ''It's been the guiding light of my life ever since.''
Sent 18: After graduating in CUNY Law School's first class in 1986, he took a job with Lehigh Valley Legal Services", "answer groups": ["He has more of a Jimmy Stewart like countenance", "He was low keyed and captivated people", "Quiet trust"], "distractor groups": ["Suspicious", "He has more of a trace of childish innocence"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How did Johnnie feel when she finally decides to return the books to the office?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Johnnie had a set of small volumes of English verse, extensively annotated by his own hand, which Stoddard had brought to her early in their acquaintance, leaving it with her more as a gift than as a loan.
Sent 2: She kept these little books after all the others had gone back.
Sent 3: She had read and reread them--cullings from Chaucer, from Spenser, from the Elizabethan lyrists, the border balladry, fierce, tender, oh, so human--till she knew pages of them by heart, and their vocabulary influenced her own, their imagery tinged all her leisure thoughts.
Sent 4: It seemed to her, whenever she debated returning them, that she could not bear it.
Sent 5: She would get them out and sit with one of them open in her hands, not reading, but staring at the pages with unseeing eyes, passing her fingers over it, as one strokes a beloved hand, or turning through each book only to find the pencilled words in the margins.
Sent 6: She would be giving up part of herself when she took these back.
Sent 7: Yet it had to be done, and one miserable morning she made them all into a neat package, intending to carry them to the mill and place them on Stoddard's desk thus early, when nobody would be in the office.
Sent 8: Then the children came in; Deanie was half sick; and in the distress of getting the ailing child comfortably into her own bed, Johnnie forgot the books.
Sent 9: Taking them in at noon, she met Stoddard himself", "answer groups": ["Like she was giving up part of herself", "Miserable", "She felt as if she would be giving up a part of herself"], "distractor groups": ["Elated", "Relieved"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Khallad and Nashri became what position for what group in what years?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Early in chapter 5 we introduced, along with Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, two other men who became operational coordinators for al Qaeda: Khallad and Nashiri.
Sent 2: As we explained, both were involved during 1998 and 1999 in preparing to attack a ship off the coast of Yemen with a boatload of explosives.
Sent 3: They had originally targeted a commercial vessel, specifically an oil tanker, but Bin Laden urged them to look for a U.S.warship instead.
Sent 4: In January 2000, their team had attempted to attack a warship in the port of Aden, but the attempt failed when the suicide boat sank.
Sent 5: More than nine months later, on October 12,2000, al Qaeda operatives in a small boat laden with explosives attacked a U.S. Navy destroyer, the USS Cole.
Sent 6: The blast ripped a hole in the side of the Cole, killing 17 members of the ship's crew and wounding at least 40.
Sent 7: The plot, we now know, was a full-fledged al Qaeda operation, supervised directly by Bin Laden.
Sent 8: He chose the target and location of the attack, selected the suicide operatives, and provided the money needed to purchase explosives and equipment.
Sent 9: Nashiri was the field commander and managed the operation in Yemen.
Sent 10: Khallad helped in Yemen until he was arrested in a case of mistaken identity and freed with Bin Laden's help, as we also mentioned earlier.
Sent 11: Local al Qaeda coordinators included Jamal al Badawi and Fahd al Quso, who was supposed to film the attack from a nearby apartment.
Sent 12: The two suicide operatives chosen were Hassan al Khamri and Ibrahim al Thawar, also known as Nibras.
Sent 13: Nibras and Quso delivered money to Khallad in Bangkok during Khallad's January 2000 trip to Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok.
Sent 14: In September 2000, Bin Laden reportedly told Nashiri that he wanted to replace Khamri and Nibras.
Sent 15: Nashiri was angry and disagreed, telling others he would go to Afghanistan and explain to Bin Laden that the new operatives were already trained and ready to conduct the attack.
Sent 16: Prior to departing, Nashiri gave Nibras and Khamri instructions to execute the attack on the next U.S.warship that entered the port of Aden", "answer groups": ["Khallad and Nashri became operational coordinators for al Qaeda", "Operational coordinators for al Qaeda, both were involved during 1998 and 1999", "Khallad and Nashri became operational coordinators for Al Qaeda in 1998 and 1999"], "distractor groups": ["Prior to departing, Nashiri gave Nibras and Khamri instructions to execute the attack on the next U.S.warship that entered the port of Aden", "Nashiri was angry and disagreed, telling others he would go to Afghanistan and explain to Bin Laden that the new operatives were already trained and ready to conduct the attack", "They were deputies to Sheikh Mohammed", "Preparing to attack a ship off the coast of Yemen with a boatload of explosives. In January 2000"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does GMT stand for and how it is determined?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: How can you describe your location?
Sent 2: You might use a familiar system.
Sent 3: You might say, 'I live at 1234 Main Street, Springfield, Ohio.' You could also say, 'I live right behind the Elementary School.' This method uses the school as a point of reference.
Sent 4: Another example is, I am at the corner of Maple Street and Main Street. Both streets may be a good reference for anyone living in your town.
Sent 5: Scientists must be able to pinpoint a feature they are studying.
Sent 6: Scientists use a special system to describe locations.
Sent 7: They use latitude and longitude as a reference.
Sent 8: Lines of latitude and longitude form a grid.
Sent 9: You may have used a grid system while doing graphing.
Sent 10: This grid is centered on a reference point.
Sent 11: Zero latitude is the equator.
Sent 12: Lines of latitude run east to west.
Sent 13: They divide the Earth from North to South.
Sent 14: Lines of longitude run from north to south.
Sent 15: They divide the Earth from East to West.
Sent 16: Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England.
Sent 17: You may have heard the term, Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT.
Sent 18: The system of latitude and longitude works well for objects that do not move", "answer groups": ["Greenwich Mean Time, Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England", "GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time and is determined by the location of Longitudinal lines", "Greenwich Mean Time and it is determined by Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England"], "distractor groups": ["Greenland Mean Team and it is determined by zero degrees latitude", "Greenwich Marine Time and it is determined by the sun", "Great Magazine of Timepieces, determined by user reviews", "Great Migrating Time and it is determined by season"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are two ways of describing the same location?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: How can you describe your location?
Sent 2: You might use a familiar system.
Sent 3: You might say, 'I live at 1234 Main Street, Springfield, Ohio.' You could also say, 'I live right behind the Elementary School.' This method uses the school as a point of reference.
Sent 4: Another example is, I am at the corner of Maple Street and Main Street. Both streets may be a good reference for anyone living in your town.
Sent 5: Scientists must be able to pinpoint a feature they are studying.
Sent 6: Scientists use a special system to describe locations.
Sent 7: They use latitude and longitude as a reference.
Sent 8: Lines of latitude and longitude form a grid.
Sent 9: You may have used a grid system while doing graphing.
Sent 10: This grid is centered on a reference point.
Sent 11: Zero latitude is the equator.
Sent 12: Lines of latitude run east to west.
Sent 13: They divide the Earth from North to South.
Sent 14: Lines of longitude run from north to south.
Sent 15: They divide the Earth from East to West.
Sent 16: Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England.
Sent 17: You may have heard the term, Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT.
Sent 18: The system of latitude and longitude works well for objects that do not move", "answer groups": ["Uses the school as a point of reference.- a specific landmark", "Use a familiar system or define location in relation to other places", "To describe location one might give the cross streets for the current position or recite the entire street address"], "distractor groups": ["There is only one way of describing the same location", "Equator", "Latitude", "Remembering street names may be a good reference", "Longitude"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was known as the Great Teacher?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In the rest of the world, China's supreme sage, Kongfuzi (K'ung Fu-tzu), is better known by the romanized name \"Confucius.\" He was born in 551 b.c.
Sent 2: in what is now Shandong Province in eastern China.
Sent 3: So profound was his influence that eleven Chinese emperors made pilgrimages to the birthplace of the Great Teacher.
Sent 4: You, too, can pay your respects at the vast temple raised on the site of his home in the small town of Qufu (Chufu), and at his tomb in the woods just to the north.
Sent 5: The classics of Confucius, while seldom addressing spiritual and metaphysical matters, set standards for social and political conduct that still underlie many of the Chinese ways of doing and perceiving.
Sent 6: Confucius laid great stress on the proper and harmonious relationships between ruler and subject, parent and child, teacher and student, the individual and the state.
Sent 7: These relationships were deemed to be hierarchical and dictatorial.
Sent 8: If the order was disturbed, dire consequences inevitably resulted.
Sent 9: The son who disobeyed the father would bring disaster upon himself and his family, just as the emperor who defied the \"mandate of heaven\" or ignored the good of the empire brought ruin upon the nation.
Sent 10: Over the centuries Confucius has suffered more changes of fortune than probably any other philosopher.
Sent 11: Honored soon after his death as the greatest of scholars, he was later revered as semi-divine; you can still visit temples to Confucius in many Chinese cities.
Sent 12: During the Cultural Revolution (1966\u20131976), however, he was denounced as a counter-revolutionary force.
Sent 13: It was only after the death of Chairman Mao (1976) and the opening of China to the outside world under more progressive reformers that Confucius, too, was \"rehabilitated.\" Unlike Confucius, about whose life many specific and even colorful details are known, the philosopher Laozi (Lao Tse or Lao-Tzu) is an enigma.
Sent 14: Estimates of his date of birth vary by well over a century.
Sent 15: One legend even says he taught the young Confucius.
Sent 16: Laozi is immortalized by his book of thoughts on man, nature, and the universe, Daodejing (\"The Way and Its Power\"), which became the major text of China's greatest indigenous religion, Daoism (Taoism).
Sent 17: With its emphasis on nature, intuition, the individual, paradox (\"The knowledge which is not knowledge\"), and the cosmic flow known as \"The Way,\" Daoism became the religion of artists and philosophers.
Sent 18: After the death of Confucius, the Zhou Dynasty entered a period of strife known as the \"Warring States\" period (475\u2013221 b.c.)", "answer groups": ["Kongfuzi", "Confucius"], "distractor groups": ["Qufu", "Laozi", "Lao Tse or Lao-Tzu"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are some of the biggest problems women in violent domestic situations face?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Domestic Violence Legal Assistance Program fills the gap of legal resources for domestic violence survivors who can't afford an attorney.
Sent 2: Domestic violence survivors in Jackson, Vicksburg, Hattiesburg, Oxford and Pascagoula can all get help.
Sent 3: Julia Crockett, deputy director of Central Southwest Mississippi Legal Services Corp., said the program expects to help nearly 1,000 domestic violence victims.
Sent 4: Crockett said legal help gives domestic abuse survivors a way to rebuild their lives.
Sent 5: \"They have been made to feel by the abuser that no one is going to help them do anything, so when they come to us they are desperate,\" she said.
Sent 6: \"Those who need legal help and don't get it feel totally lost.
Sent 7: Because then they feel like they are forced to stay in that situation.\"
Sent 8: Crockett said the program, funded by a 300,000 grant from the U.S. Justice Department, has no economic restrictions on who can get help.
Sent 9: Legal services typically helps the poor.
Sent 10: Gladys Bunzy, who said she was in an abusive relationship with a boyfriend for eight years, said such a program is long overdue and could be a lifeline for those escaping violent relationships.
Sent 11: \"When I finally made up my mind to leave, I had a restraining order put against him and that was 50 but that was 50 well spent to me,\" said Bunzy, 40.
Sent 12: \"For people who can't afford it, this will be a godsend ... If a woman knows she is going to get some help that will be a burden off her mind, if the law will help her keep that person away from her.\"
Sent 13: Gwen Bouie-Haynes, project director of the Domestic Violence Services Center for Catholic Charities Inc., said often domestic violence survivors do not have the money to seek legal representation.
Sent 14: \"Legal assistance is a major issue for women fleeing a domestic violence situation,\" she said.
Sent 15: \"Often times women are in need of immediate legal assistance services for the protection of the mother and the child.
Sent 16: To get a protective order you need to be represented by an attorney.\"
Sent 17: Crockett said the pilot program was launched in 1998 at the Haven House Family Shelter Inc., a domestic violence shelter for women and children in Vicksburg.
Sent 18: The program has helped victims in 90 court cases, and 150 legal counseling sessions have been held there", "answer groups": ["Women cant usually afford an attorney", "Women in violent situations face problems like lack of money and feeling forced to stay in their current situation", "Need of immediate legal assistance services for the protection of the mother and the child"], "distractor groups": ["Seeking shelter", "No money to seek legal help"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who used to practice a slash-and-burn agriculture of yams and millet?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Over the centuries, the living here has always been easy enough to attract a steady stream of immigrants.
Sent 2: Bountiful food sources might have made Malaysia an inviting place for the contemporaries of Java Man\u2002\u2014\u2002in 230,000 b.c.
Sent 3: But thus far, the country's earliest traces of homo sapiens, found in the Niah Caves of northern Sarawak, are fragments of a skull dating to 40,000 b.c.
Sent 4: On the peninsula, the oldest human-related relics (10,000 b.c.
Sent 5: ) are Stone Age tools of the Negritos.
Sent 6: These small, dark Melanesians are related in type to Australian aborigines and are confined today to the forests of the northern highlands.
Sent 7: By 2,000 b.c.
Sent 8: , these timid, gentle nomads hunting with bow and arrow were driven back from the coasts by waves of sturdy immigrants arriving in outrigger canoes equipped with sails.
Sent 9: Mongolians from South China and Polynesian and Malay peoples from the Philippines and the Indonesian islands settled along the rivers of the peninsula and northern Borneo.
Sent 10: They practiced a slash-and-burn agriculture of yams and millet, a technique that exhausted the soil and imposed a semi-nomadic existence from one jungle clearing to another.
Sent 11: Families lived in wooden longhouses like those still to be seen today among the Iban peoples of Sarawak.
Sent 12: Another unit was added on to the communal dwelling each time a marriage created a new family.
Sent 13: Other tough migrants from the South Seas settled along the coasts\u2002\u2014\u2002sailors, fishermen, traders (for the most part pirates)\u2002\u2014\u2002known euphemistically as orang laut (sea people)", "answer groups": ["Mongolians from South China and Polynesian and Malay peoples from the Philippines and the Indonesian islands", "Mongolians", "Malay peoples", "Malay peoples from the Philippines", "Polynesians"], "distractor groups": ["Malaysians", "Iban"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the name of the nation holding the prisoners?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Washington (CNN) -- The Pacific island nation of Palau has agreed to take in 17 Chinese Muslims held at the U.S. prison camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the country's ambassador to the United States said Wednesday.
Sent 2: The map shows the Pacific island nation of Palau in relation to China.
Sent 3: Details of the transfer are still being worked out, Ambassador Hersey Kyota told CNN.
Sent 4: But Kyota said his country, a former U.S. Pacific trust territory, has agreed to take in the ethnic Uighur detainees \"for humanitarian reasons\" and because of the \"special relationship\" between Palau and the United States.
Sent 5: U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly would not comment on the announcement, telling reporters, \"We're still involved in ongoing discussions.\"
Sent 6: The agreement includes some U.S. aid for Palau, Kyota said, but he said those details remained to be worked out as well.
Sent 7: The country, with a population of about 20,000, is about 1,000 miles southeast of Manila, Philippines, and about 4,600 miles west of Hawaii.
Sent 8: Palau has received nearly 900 million in U.S. aid since independence in 1994, according to congressional auditors, and depends on Washington for defense.
Sent 9: The \"Compact of Free Association\" between Palau and the United States is up for review, but Kelly said any additional aid offer \"is not linked to any other discussions we may be having with the government of Palau.\"
Sent 10: The Uighurs were accused of receiving weapons and military training in Afghanistan", "answer groups": ["United states", "USA"], "distractor groups": ["Afghanistan", "Manilla", "China", "Cuba", "Palau"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: What kind of grades has Malaysia received concerning its handling of the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Before the mysterious disappearance of one of its passenger jets this month, Malaysia wasn't a country used to finding itself dominating headlines around the world.
Sent 2: Some of its Southeast Asian neighbors, including Indonesia and the Philippines, have suffered devastating natural disasters in recent years and are all too familiar with the media frenzy that accompanies a major crisis.
Sent 3: But Malaysia has largely managed to stay out of the international spotlight since its independence from British colonial rule more than half a century ago.
Sent 4: \"It is one of these countries, because of its geography, that doesn't have earthquakes,\" said Ernest Bower, senior adviser for Southeast Asia studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Sent 5: \"It doesn't have tsunamis.
Sent 6: It hasn't been tested with a disaster like this.\"
Sent 7: The disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 has thrust the government into the dazzling glare of worldwide attention.
Sent 8: And it hasn't emerged with very good grades.
Sent 9: \"I think on a stress test, they're failing,\" Bower told CNN's Jake Tapper, pointing to the government's coordination of different agencies and communication with other countries.
Sent 10: China among critics Criticism and complaints have come from other countries involved in the search for the missing plane, including China and Vietnam, and from the relatives of passengers.
Sent 11: Malaysian officials have created confusion by issuing contradictory statements on key aspects of the investigation.
Sent 12: The majority of the people on board the plane were Chinese, and Beijing has increasingly voiced its displeasure with the search, especially after Malaysia announced over the weekend that evidence suggested the plane had been deliberately flown west into the Indian Ocean, away from its last confirmed location over the South China Sea.
Sent 13: \"The new information means the intensive search in the South China Sea for the whole past week was worthless and would never bear fruit,\" said a commentary published by China's state-run news agency Xinhua.
Sent 14: \"Even worse, the golden time for saving possible survivors, if any, was generously wasted", "answer groups": ["Failing grades", "Not very good", "It hasn't emerged with very good grades", "Failing"], "distractor groups": ["It has passed", "Excellent", "Passing grades", "Ok grades", "Satisfactory"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What attracted bigger vessels to the island?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Glory of Melaka: In the early days, if you were not a pirate or a mosquito, Melaka was not much of a place to live.
Sent 2: The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish.
Sent 3: But it had a sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra.
Sent 4: Later, the strategic location and deep-water channel close to the coast brought in the bigger vessels of the trade-wind traffic crossing the Indian Ocean.
Sent 5: The first to realize the larger commercial potential, as so often throughout the country's subsequent history, were the Chinese.
Sent 6: In 1409, under a new directive from Emperor Chu Ti to pursue trade in the South Seas and the Indian Ocean, a Chinese fleet of 50 ships headed by Admiral Cheng Ho called in at Melaka.
Sent 7: They made Parameswara an offer he could not refuse: port facilities and an annual financial tribute in exchange for Chinese protection against the marauding Thais.
Sent 8: In 1411, Parameswara took the money to Beijing himself, and the emperor gratefully made him a vassal king.
Sent 9: Twenty years later, the Chinese withdrew again from the South Seas trade.
Sent 10: The new ruler of Melaka, Sri Maharajah, switched his allegiance to the Muslim trading fraternity by marrying into the Muslim faith, wedding the daughter of a sultan in Sumatra.
Sent 11: Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquest\u2002\u2014\u2002as had been the case in North Africa and Europe\u2002\u2014\u2002but by trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching.
Sent 12: Bengali peddlers had already brought the faith to the east coast.
Sent 13: In Melaka and throughout the peninsula, Islam thrived as a strong, male-dominated religion of individuality, offering dynamic leadership and preaching brotherhood and self-reliance\u2002\u2014\u2002all qualities ideally suited to the coastal trade.
Sent 14: At the same time, Sufi mystics synthesized Islamic teaching with local Malay traditions of animistic magic and charisma, though Islam did not become the state religion until Muzaffar Shah became sultan of Melaka (1446\u20131459).
Sent 15: But the key figure in the sultanate was Tun Perak, bendahara (prime minister) and military commander.
Sent 16: He expanded Melaka's power along the west coast and down to Singapore and the neighboring Bintan islands.
Sent 17: He also had orang laut pirates patrolling the seas to extort tribute from passing ships.
Sent 18: After Ailied district chiefs had repelled assaults from Thai-controlled armies from Pahang, Tun Perak personally led a famous victory over a Thai fleet off Batu Pahat in 1456", "answer groups": ["Deep water, sheltered harbor", "Sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra", "Deep-water channel close to the coast", "The strategic location"], "distractor groups": ["A swampy plain", "The Chinese", "The Muslims", "Well build ship channel", "The river small and sluggish"]}, {"question": "
Sent 11: But this term, which is relatively speaking, a neologism (The earliest uses were around the beginning of the 20th century
Multi Label Question: Who took on the virtues of a traditional Chinese female over time in Asia?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Madame White Snake: East Asian Femme Fatale of Old The Chinese legend of Madame White Snake, the snake demon that takes human form and becomes the wife of a man, has exerted a lasting influence over East Asian folktales and fiction for centuries.
Sent 2: Two quintessential novellas, \"The Lust of the White Serpant\" from Ugetsu Monogatari by the Japanese author Ueda Akinari and \"Eternal Prisoner under Thunder Peak Pagoda\" a traditional Chinese story, are both relatively complex and demonstrate not only the evolution of the White Snake figure to become a more believable human, but also what aspects may have given her enduring appeal.
Sent 3: While both these stories are ostensibly morality tales about the dangerous beauty of this femme fatale, the true source of pleasure from these narratives is the femme fatale's transgressive behavior, not her eventual punishment for it.
Sent 4: Early tales of Madame White Snake appeared in China as early as the Song Dynasty, and initially her portrayal was fairly direct, as a villainous demon who drains the life force out of her human husband.
Sent 5: But over time, characterizations of her became more complex, and the persona of Madame White Snake became more sympathetic, and perhaps even a model of the ideal Confucian wife, particularly in \"Pagoda\".
Sent 6: Whalen Lai notes, \"She was a loving wife, a caring mother, rescuer of her family from the first flood, and, at that point, a general benefactor of man.
Sent 7: She took on the virtues of a traditional Chinese female, particularly forbearance\".
Sent 8: But if she were really an ideal wife, why could she not live happily with her human mate?
Sent 9: Her dangerous sexuality is the key.
Sent 10: Femme fatale might seem an unusual term to apply to a character from pre-modern Chinese and Japanese literature who may exemplify the virtues of an ideal Confucian wife, since it is primarily associated with film characters, particularly those of the film noir genre", "answer groups": ["Traditional Chinese female", "Madame White Snake"], "distractor groups": ["Ueda Akinari", "Whalen Lai", "Modern Chinese female"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: In this paragraph what helps the reader to infer that the residents need help affording legal costs?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: After more than a year of effort, attorneys with Northwest Justice Project earlier this week told 25 families in a mobile home park here that they can keep their homes and no longer need to fear eviction.
Sent 2: The East Wenatchee City Council has entered into an Interlocal Agreement with the Wenatchee Housing Authority authorizing the Authority to purchase and maintain the Mobile Park Plaza mobile home park.
Sent 3: Located just north of the Wenatchee Valley Mall, the park had been threatened with closure for more than a year.
Sent 4: \"We cannot say enough about how relieved we are that this is over,\" said Manuel Luna, one of the residents of Mobile Park Plaza.
Sent 5: \"We were afraid that no solution would be found, and that our families would have no place to go.
Sent 6: We are very grateful for the help of our attorneys.
Sent 7: Without them, we would not have saved our homes.
Sent 8: We are also thankful for the help of the Housing Authority, the City Council and Mayor Steve Lacy.\"
Sent 9: Formerly owned by local businessman Dan Jennings, Mobile Park Plaza had been home to 45 low-income families, many of them Latino farm workers.
Sent 10: In October 2000 Jennings gave the park residents notice of his intent to close the park effective November 30, 2001.
Sent 11: While some park residents decided to move, others, including 25 families, organized an informal association to relocate or save their homes.
Sent 12: Unable to afford private legal counsel, the families asked for help from legal services attorneys at the Northwest Justice Project and Columbia Legal Services.
Sent 13: In the succeeding months, these attorneys worked with representatives of the Greater Wenatchee Housing Authority, the state Office of Community Development, Chelan County, the City of East Wenatchee, state legislators, Jennings and others to secure funding and find a solution.
Sent 14: \"There seemed to be a never-ending set of obstacles,\" said Patrick Pleas, an attorney with Northwest Justice Project.
Sent 15: \"Mr. Jennings had financial considerations, the City had growth and economic development considerations, and the State and Housing Authority had their own concerns.
Sent 16: Thankfully, hard work and good will from all parties allowed us to find a solution that works for everyone.\"
Sent 17: Northwest Justice Project and Columbia Legal Services are non-profit organizations that provide civil legal assistance to low-income individuals and families throughout Washington state.
Sent 18: Members of the state's Access to Justice Network, these organizations work with thousands of volunteer attorneys to ensure that justice is available to those who face critical legal problems and can't afford private legal counsel", "answer groups": ["They worked with organizations providing legal assistance to low-income individuals and families", "We can infer that they needed help because they used volunteer attorneys; the paragraph mentions low income farm workers, and it states they were unable to afford the help", "Because they can't afford private legal counsel", "Mobile Park Plaza was the home to 45 low-income families"], "distractor groups": ["Because they couldn't afford Columbia Legal Services", "They lived in a designated poverty zone", "The residents faced legal problems"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is left behind in a flood plain after the water recedes?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: A flood occurs when a river overflows its banks.
Sent 2: This might happen because of heavy rains.
Sent 3: Floodplains In very flat regions, flood water may spread out on the surface of the land.
Sent 4: It then slows down and drops its sediment.
Sent 5: If a river floods often, a floodplain develops.
Sent 6: A floodplain is an area where a thick layer of rich soil is left behind as the floodwater recedes.
Sent 7: Thats why floodplains are usually good places for growing plants.
Sent 8: They are very flat areas and they have very rich soils.
Sent 9: The Nile River valley is a great example of a floodplain.
Sent 10: Each year, the Nile River rises over its banks.
Sent 11: This floodwater carries a lot of sediment.
Sent 12: This sediment has been eroded off areas of land from upstream.
Sent 13: This sediment is dropped as the water slows down after spreading across the land.
Sent 14: What is left behind is a very rich soil.
Sent 15: Thats why crops can be raised in the middle of a sandy desert.
Sent 16: Natural Levees A flooding river often forms natural levees along its banks.
Sent 17: A levee is a raised strip of sediments deposited close to the waters edge", "answer groups": ["Very rich soil", "Sediment", "Thick layer of rich soil"], "distractor groups": ["Crops", "Treasure and beans are left after water recedes", "Flood water", "Natural levees", "Plants"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What were some fossils originally thought to be?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: For thousands of years, people have found fossils.
Sent 2: The fossils caused curiosity about Earths past.
Sent 3: How did these organisms live?
Sent 4: What type of world did they live in?
Sent 5: Fossils can tell us a lot about Earths history.
Sent 6: In ancient times, fossils inspired myths and stories.
Sent 7: These stories included tales of monsters and other incredible creatures.
Sent 8: What type of creature do you know that could inspire such stories?
Sent 9: Of course, dinosaur fossils were once mistaken for dragons bones.
Sent 10: Two thousand years ago, people discovered fossils in China.
Sent 11: At the time, they were thought to be dragon bones.
Sent 12: We know now that these were not bones, but fossils.
Sent 13: So what is the difference", "answer groups": ["Mythical beasts", "Incredible Creatues", "Monsters"], "distractor groups": ["Donald Trump", "fairies", "Students", "Altered humans", "birds", "Statues", "stories", "Monuments"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: By what period was al-Qaeda able to meet the requirements for a successful attack?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: As noted above, the 9/11 plotters spent somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 to plan and conduct their attack.
Sent 2: The available evidence indicates that the 19 operatives were funded by al Qaeda, either through wire transfers or cash provided by KSM, which they carried into the United States or deposited in foreign accounts and accessed from this country.
Sent 3: Our investigation has uncovered no credible evidence that any person in the United States gave the hijackers substantial financial assistance.
Sent 4: Similarly, we have seen no evidence that any foreign government-or foreign government official-supplied any funding.
Sent 5: We have found no evidence that the Hamburg cell members (Atta, Shehhi, Jarrah, and Binalshibh) received funds from al Qaeda before late 1999.
Sent 6: It appears they supported themselves.
Sent 7: KSM, Binalshibh, and another plot facilitator, Mustafa al Hawsawi, each received money, in some cases perhaps as much as 10,000, to perform their roles in the plot.
Sent 8: After the Hamburg recruits joined the 9/11 conspiracy, al Qaeda began giving them money.
Sent 9: Our knowledge of the funding during this period, before the operatives entered the United States, remains murky.
Sent 10: According to KSM, the Hamburg cell members each received 5,000 to pay for their return to Germany from Afghanistan after they had been selected to join the plot, and they received additional funds for travel from Germany to the United States.
Sent 11: Financial transactions of the plotters are discussed in more detail in chapter 7.
Sent 12: Requirements for a Successful Attack As some of the core operatives prepared to leave for the United States, al Qaeda's leaders could have reflected on what they needed to be able to do in order to organize and conduct a complex international terrorist operation to inflict catastrophic harm.
Sent 13: We believe such a list of requirements would have included leaders able to evaluate, approve, and supervise the planning and direction of the operation; communications sufficient to enable planning and direction of the operatives and those who would be helping them; a personnel system that could recruit candidates, vet them, indoctrinate them, and give them necessary training; an intelligence effort to gather required information and form assessments of enemy strengths and weaknesses; the ability to move people; and the ability to raise and move the necessary money.
Sent 14: The information we have presented about the development of the planes operation shows how, by the spring and summer of 2000, al Qaeda was able to meet these requirements.
Sent 15: By late May 2000, two operatives assigned to the planes operation were already in the United States.
Sent 16: Three of the four Hamburg cell members would soon arrive", "answer groups": ["By the spring and summer of 2000", "Summer of 2000"], "distractor groups": ["11", "9", "Before 1999", "Late 1999"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What two forms of digestion help to turn food into nutrients?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The digestive system is the body system that digests food.
Sent 2: It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically.
Sent 3: Both help in the process of turning food into nutrients.
Sent 4: The digestive system also eliminates solid food waste.
Sent 5: The major organs of the digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large in- testines.
Sent 6: These organs all work together to help you gain energy from the food you eat.
Sent 7: Digestion starts in the mouth.
Sent 8: When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach.
Sent 9: In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place.
Sent 10: Most chemical digestion and nearly all absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine.
Sent 11: This organ consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Sent 12: The large intestine is the last stop in the digestive system.
Sent 13: This is where water is absorbed.
Sent 14: The food not digested is released as waste", "answer groups": ["Mechanical and chemical", "It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically"], "distractor groups": ["Rational abd sensorial", "Personal and Chemical", "Physical and acidic", "Magically and mechanically", "Mechanical and Normal"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are some natural resource sources we can use as building materials?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: We need natural resources for just about everything we do.
Sent 2: We need them for food and clothing, for building materials and energy.
Sent 3: We even need them to have fun.
Sent 4: Table 2.1 gives examples of how we use natural resources.
Sent 5: Can you think of other ways we use natural resources?
Sent 6: Use Vehicles Resources Rubber for tires from rubber trees Steel frames and other metal parts from minerals such as iron Example iron ore Electronics Plastic cases from petroleum prod- ucts Glass screens from minerals such as lead lead ore Use Homes Resources Nails from minerals such as iron Timber from trees Example spruce timber Jewelry Gemstones such as diamonds Minerals such as silver silver ore Food Sunlight, water, and soil Minerals such as phosphorus corn seeds in soil Clothing Wool from sheep Cotton from cotton plants cotton plants Recreation Water for boating and swimming Forests for hiking and camping pine forest Some natural resources are renewable.
Sent 7: Others are not.
Sent 8: It depends, in part, on how we use them", "answer groups": ["Rubber, timber, steel metal, copper, ore, silver", "Trees", "Lead ore", "Minerals"], "distractor groups": ["Sea shells", "Rubber", "Nails"]}, {"question": " headquarters, across from the World Trade Center site, because of environmental concerns?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In her storage room-turned-office, Jennifer Baum works under an expanding leak that is causing the ceiling to turn brown and crumble.
Sent 2: Mold grows in the buckets positioned to catch the water.
Sent 3: She shrugs it off.
Sent 4: Outside her office she has taped up a clear plastic suit, and a sign that reads, \"All employees must don protective gear before coming in.\"
Sent 5: Such is life in limbo.
Sent 6: Nearly a year after Sept. 11, the Legal Aid Society-the lawyers for New York's poor and homeless-remains, well, homeless.
Sent 7: The nonprofit has been barred from returning to its 90 Church St. headquarters, across from the World Trade Center site, because of environmental concerns.
Sent 8: Legal Aid has uncomfortable company.
Sent 9: More than 11,500 New Yorkers continue to work out of temporary space, according to analysis by Manhattan-based real estate brokerage TenantWise.com Inc. and Crain's New York Business.
Sent 10: That's 8% of the 137,000 workers who lost their offices or access to them when the Twin Towers collapsed.
Sent 11: Legal Aid's 450 displaced attorneys and staffers have spent the past 12 months spread among previously unused spaces-some unused for good reason-in the nonprofit's other offices.
Sent 12: It could be another year and a half before they return to their old desks.
Sent 13: They have contended with difficult working conditions as demand for Legal Aid's services is on the rise because of Sept. 11 and the deteriorating economy.
Sent 14: The civil division is spread among a few boroughs.
Sent 15: Their papers and documents, some 20,000 boxes worth, are stuck in a storage facility in Linden, N.J. \"I am counting the days till we can have all the parts back in one place,\" says Steven Banks, Legal Aid's associate attorney in chief.
Sent 16: In the memories of the exiled workers, the old office has achieved mythical proportions.
Sent 17: They say the wood paneling and rugs had the ability to cool emotions and lift spirits.
Sent 18: The Legal Aid office on Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights, where 65 displaced workers have cobbled together space amid the faded and scratched walls, looks more like a bargain basement.
: Which organization has been barred from returning to its 90 Church St", "answer groups": ["Crain's New York Business", "Legal Aid Society", "The Legal Aid Society"], "distractor groups": ["Band Aid Society", "Deloittes", "Manhattan-based real estate brokerage", "Years"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What sort of subjects were in Durer's artworks?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Venetian artist Jacopo de' Barbari, whom Durer had met in Venice, visited Nuremberg in 1500, and Durer said that he learned much about the new developments in perspective, anatomy, and proportion from him.
Sent 2: De' Barbari was unwilling to explain everything he knew, so Durer began his own studies, which would become a lifelong preoccupation.
Sent 3: A series of extant drawings show Durer's experiments in human proportion, leading to the famous engraving of Adam and Eve (1504), which shows his subtlety while using the burin in the texturing of flesh surfaces.
Sent 4: This is the only existing engraving signed with his full name.
Sent 5: Durer made large numbers of preparatory drawings, especially for his paintings and engravings, and many survive, most famously the Betende Hande (English: Praying Hands, c.
Sent 6: 1508 Albertina, Vienna), a study for an apostle in the Heller altarpiece.
Sent 7: He also continued to make images in watercolour and bodycolour (usually combined), including a number of still lifes of meadow sections or animals, including his Young Hare (1502) and the Great Piece of Turf (1503, both also Albertina)", "answer groups": ["Young Hare", "Animals, still lifes, and people"], "distractor groups": ["Watercolour and bodycolour", "Lifes of meadow", "Internal organs"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How was Tim feeling right before he started opening presents?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Tim had always a red bike.
Sent 2: His birthday party was coming up and he hoped that his parents would finally get him the bike.
Sent 3: When his friends came over for the party, Tim was very worried that he wouldn't get the bike.
Sent 4: He looked at all the presents and none of them seemed big enough to have a bike in them.
Sent 5: Tim was sad.
Sent 6: When it was time to open the presents he opened them one at a time.
Sent 7: The first present was not a bike.
Sent 8: The second present was not a bike.
Sent 9: The third present was the biggest one.
Sent 10: Tim knew if the bike was going to be in any of the presents it was going to be in this box.
Sent 11: Tim opened it and there was no bike inside.
Sent 12: Just as Tim tried not to look too upset, his Dad brought in the biggest present of them all.
Sent 13: His Dad had been hiding the present all along.
Sent 14: Tim opened it and his new bike was inside the box.
Sent 15: Tim put the bike together with his Dad's help", "answer groups": ["Sad", "Anxious", "Worried"], "distractor groups": ["Excited", "Happy"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which idea for the emancipation of the serfs did Alexander lend his support to?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Soon after the conclusion of peace, important changes were made in legislation concerning industry and commerce, and the new freedom thus afforded produced a large number of limited liability companies.
Sent 2: Plans were formed for building a great network of railways, partly for the purpose of developing the natural resources of the country, and partly for the purpose of increasing its power for defense and attack.
Sent 3: The existence of serfdom was tackled boldly, taking advantage of a petition presented by the Polish landed proprietors of the Lithuanian provinces and, hoping that their relations with the serfs might be regulated in a more satisfactory way (meaning in a way more satisfactory for the proprietors), he authorized the formation of committees \"for ameliorating the condition of the peasants,\" and laid down the principles on which the amelioration was to be effected.
Sent 4: This step had been followed by one even more significant.
Sent 5: Without consulting his ordinary advisers, Alexander ordered the Minister of the Interior to send a circular to the provincial governors of European Russia (serfdom was rare in other parts), containing a copy of the instructions forwarded to the Governor-General of Lithuania, praising the supposed generous, patriotic intentions of the Lithuanian landed proprietors, and suggesting that perhaps the landed proprietors of other provinces might express a similar desire.
Sent 6: The hint was taken: in all provinces where serfdom existed, emancipation committees were formed.
Sent 7: The emancipation was not merely a humanitarian question capable of being solved instantaneously by imperial ukase.
Sent 8: It contained very complicated problems, deeply affecting the economic, social and political future of the nation.
Sent 9: Alexander had to choose between the different measures recommended to him and decide if the serfs would become agricultural laborers dependent economically and administratively on the landlords or if the serfs would be transformed into a class of independent communal proprietors.
Sent 10: The emperor gave his support to the latter project, and the Russian peasantry became one of the last groups of peasants in Europe to shake off serfdom.
Sent 11: The architects of the emancipation manifesto were Alexander's brother Konstantin, Yakov Rostovtsev, and Nikolay Milyutin.
Sent 12: On 3 March 1861, 6 years after his accession, the emancipation law was signed and published", "answer groups": ["The serfs being transformed into a class of independent communal proprietors", "Transforming the serfs into a class of independent communal proprietors"], "distractor groups": ["The serfs leaving Russia forever", "Ther serfs becomin dependent laborers"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do Bin Laden and Qutb rationalize the mass murder and hate of Americans and nonbelievers?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: He repeatedly calls on his followers to embrace martyrdom since \"The walls of oppression and humiliation cannot be demolished except in a rain of bullets.\"
Sent 2: For those yearning for a lost sense of order in an older, more tranquil world, he offers his \"Caliphate\" as an imagined alternative to today's uncertainty.
Sent 3: For others, he offers simplistic conspiracies to explain their world.
Sent 4: Bin Laden also relies heavily on the Egyptian writer Sayyid Qutb.
Sent 5: A member of the Muslim Brotherhood executed in 1966 on charges of attempting to overthrow the government, Qutb mixed Islamic scholarship with a very superficial acquaintance with Western history and thought.
Sent 6: Sent by the Egyptian government to study in the United States in the late 1940s, Qutb returned with an enormous loathing of Western society and history.
Sent 7: He dismissed Western achievements as entirely material, arguing that Western society possesses \"nothing that will satisfy its own conscience and justify its existence.\"
Sent 8: Three basic themes emerge from Qutb's writings.
Sent 9: First, he claimed that the world was beset with barbarism, licentiousness, and unbelief (a condition he called jahiliyya, the religious term for the period of ignorance prior to the revelations given to the Prophet Mohammed).
Sent 10: Qutb argued that humans can choose only between Islam and jahiliyya.
Sent 11: Second, he warned that more people, including Muslims, were attracted to jahiliyya and its material comforts than to his view of Islam; jahiliyya could therefore triumph over Islam.
Sent 12: Third, no middle ground exists in what Qutb conceived as a struggle between God and Satan.
Sent 13: All Muslims-as he defined them-therefore must take up arms in this fight.
Sent 14: Any Muslim who rejects his ideas is just one more nonbeliever worthy of destruction.
Sent 15: Bin Laden shares Qutb's stark view, permitting him and his followers to rationalize even unprovoked mass murder as righteous defense of an embattled faith.
Sent 16: Many Americans have wondered, \"Why do 'they' hate us?\"
Sent 17: Some also ask, \"What can we do to stop these attacks?\"
Sent 18: Bin Laden and al Qaeda have given answers to both these questions", "answer groups": ["They believe that all muslims need to fight against the non believers", "There is only 2 religions to choose from, Islam and jahilliyya", "Those who don't share his ideas are worthy of destruction", "All Muslims must take up arms in a righteous defense of an embattled faith against nonbelievers worthy of destruction"], "distractor groups": ["The prophet Mohammed said so", "All Americans are dumb", "They didnt like Americans"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who overtook the Romans?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Though prehistoric remains from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Ages have been unearthed in the Manzanares Valley, prior to Madrid's sudden elevation to capital city in 1561 its history was rather undistinguished.
Sent 2: Over a period of many centuries crucial in Spanish history, Madrid's significance was negligible.
Sent 3: The Romans built their most advanced outpost on the Iberian peninsula, but left nothing of consequence in Madrid.
Sent 4: Armies of North African nomads, intent on disseminating Islam, invaded the peninsula in a.d.
Sent 5: Within 10 years, they had overrun most of Spain.
Sent 6: If Madrid played any role in these pivotal events, no record of it remains.
Sent 7: The first solid references to this obscure settlement on the Castilian plateau, guarded by the looming Guadarrama mountain range, appear in the 9th century.
Sent 8: The Arabic name for \"place of many springs,\" variously recorded as Magerit, Mayrit or Magrit, eventually evolved into Madrid.
Sent 9: The hamlet entered historical chronicles for its military significance; it was located near the main line of resistance to the Christian reconquest.
Sent 10: Over centuries of struggle, the defending Moorish army built a full-scale fort, or Alc\u00e1zar, on the heights of Madrid commanding the Manzanares valley.
Sent 11: After several unsuccessful skirmishes, the Christian forces of Alfonso VI captured Madrid in 1083.
Sent 12: The Alc\u00e1zar became a fort of the crown of Castile.
Sent 13: During a counter-offensive in 1109, the town was overrun by the Moors, but the Christianized fortress held.
Sent 14: The Moors were expelled from the town, but they remained in control of southern Spain for almost four centuries.
Sent 15: Meanwhile, Madrid enjoyed brief prominence in 1308 when king Ferdinand IV and his Cortes, an early version of parliament, held a formal meeting in the fledgling town.
Sent 16: From then on, the kings of Spain began to visit Madrid, where the air was invigorating and the hunting excellent.
Sent 17: Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic monarchs that united all the provinces of Spain, first visited Madrid in 1477", "answer groups": ["North African nomads", "Armies of African Nomads", "The North African nomads intent on spreading Islam"], "distractor groups": ["Indians", "Christian forces"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was one cruel way in which the Bushido Code was enforced?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Tokugawa Takes All: When Hideyoshi died in 1598, he hoped to have his five-year-old son continue his \"dynasty,\" initially under the tutelage of five regents.
Sent 2: But one of the regents was Ieyasu Tokugawa, who had been biding his time at Edo for 12 years, nurturing dynastic ambitions of his own.
Sent 3: Of the cunning, ruthless triumvirate that came out on top at the end of the country's century of civil war, Tokugawa was without doubt the most patient, the most prudent\u2002\u2014\u2002and most treacherous.
Sent 4: He moved quickly to eliminate his strongest rivals, crushing them in 1600 at the great Battle of Sekigahara (near modern Nagoya).
Sent 5: During its subsequent two and a half centuries of rule from the new capital established at Edo, the Tokugawa organized a tightly controlled coalition of some 260 daimyo in strategic strongholds throughout the country.
Sent 6: The allegiance of this highly privileged and prestigious group was ensured by cementing their ethical principles in the code of bushido, \"The way of the warrior\": loyalty to one's master, defense of one's status and honor, and fulfillment of all obligations.
Sent 7: Loyalty was further enforced by holding the vassals' wives and children hostage in Edo.
Sent 8: All roads into Edo, the most famous being the Tokaido Highway, had checkpoints for guns coming in and for wives going out.
Sent 9: One of the most effective ways of keeping a tight rein on the country was to cut it off from the outside world, to keep Japan Japanese.
Sent 10: At first, Ieyasu Tokugawa was eager to promote foreign trade.
Sent 11: He wanted silk and encouraged the Dutch and British as good, nonproselytizing Protestants just interested in trade.
Sent 12: But he didn't like the Portuguese and Spanish Catholic missionaries, who he felt were undermining traditional Japanese values.
Sent 13: He banned their activities in 1612 and two years later ordered the expulsion of all missionaries and unrepentant Japanese converts.
Sent 14: Executions and torture followed.
Sent 15: Converts were forced to renounce their faith by trampling crucifixes and effigies of Jesus and Mary.
Sent 16: The Catholic Church has counted 3,125 martyrs in Japan from 1597 (beginning under Hideyoshi) to 1660.
Sent 17: In 1635 the Japanese were forbidden, on pain of death, to attempt to travel abroad, and Japanese citizens already overseas were prevented from returning, in case they brought back subversive Christian doctrines.
Sent 18: Western books were banned, as were Chinese books that mentioned Christianity", "answer groups": ["A vassal's wife and children were held hostage in Edo to force loyalty", "Loyalty was further enforced by holding the vassals\u00e2\u0080\u0099 wives and children hostage in Edo", "Holding the vassals\u00e2\u0080\u0099 wives and children hostage in Edo"], "distractor groups": ["Branding the vassals", "Killing the vassal's family hostage", "Promoting foreign trade", "Defending status and honor", "Traitors were murdered", "Fulfilling all obligations", "Beating the vassalls"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How long did RTSH exist when the international television service was launched?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (RTSH) is the public radio and TV broadcaster of Albania, founded by King Zog in 1938.
Sent 2: RTSH runs three analogue television stations as TVSH Televizioni Shqiptar, four digital thematic stations as RTSH, and three radio stations using the name Radio Tirana.
Sent 3: In addition, 4 regional radio stations serve in the four extremities of Albania.
Sent 4: The international service broadcasts radio programmes in Albanian and seven other languages via medium wave (AM) and short wave (SW).
Sent 5: The international service has used the theme from the song \"Keputa nje gjethe dafine\" as its signature tune.
Sent 6: The international television service via satellite was launched since 1993 and aims at Albanian communities in Kosovo, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro and northern Greece, plus the Albanian diaspora in the rest of Europe.
Sent 7: RTSH has a past of being heavily influenced by the ruling party in its reporting, whether that party be left or right wing.
Sent 8: According to the Albanian Media Authority, AMA, Albania has an estimated 257 media outlets, including 66 radio stations and 67 television stations, with three national, 62 local and more than 50 cable TV stations.
Sent 9: Last years Albania has organized several shows as a part of worldwide series like Dancing with the Stars, Big Brother Albania, Albanians Got Talent, The Voice of Albania, and X Factor Albania", "answer groups": ["55", "55 years", "Fifty Five"], "distractor groups": ["62", "257", "57"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who does Secretary Powel say is committed to counterterrorism cause?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell arrived here on Tuesday night for meetings with fellow foreign ministers aimed at solidifying a second front, in Southeast Asia, in the campaign against global terrorism.
Sent 2: But he has had to balance that goal with longstanding concerns about human rights abuses in the region.
Sent 3: In meetings on Tuesday in Malaysia and Singapore before touching down in this oil-producing sultanate for two days of talks with members of the Association of South East Asian Nations, Powell said he repeatedly raised the issue.
Sent 4: \"We still believe strongly in human rights, and that everything we do has to be consistent with universal standards of human rights,\" he said.
Sent 5: But at a news conference in Singapore, Powell hinted that the Bush administration was ready to discuss resuming military cooperation with Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim nation and a sometimes reluctant partner in the efforts to crack down on militant Islamic groups.
Sent 6: The United States cut virtually all military links with Indonesia in 1999 after its forces were implicated in the violence that swept East Timor after that territory voted for independence.
Sent 7: On Thursday, Powell and representatives of the nations of the Asian group, including Indonesia, are expected to sign a declaration promising cooperation to prevent terrorism by sharing information, blocking funds, tightening borders and making it hard to use forged travel papers.
Sent 8: \"We recognized that terrorism is a global threat and that the disturbing acts of terrorism and transnational crimes, which continue to threaten world peace and stability, must be tackled by the international community,\" the ministers said in a communique on Tuesday.
Sent 9: Powell is among the representatives from 13 nations outside Southeast Asia, including China, Japan and Russia, that are taking part in the annual meeting of the group's regional forum.
Sent 10: Terrorism dominates the agenda, though the possibility of a meeting here between Powell and his North Korean counterpart, Paek Nam Sun, has generated the most news.
Sent 11: It would be the highest-level contact between the United States and North Korea since President Bush took office.
Sent 12: Powell heads to Indonesia's capital, Jakarta, late on Thursday before finishing a weeklong trip through the region in the Philippines on Saturday.
Sent 13: He said that when he arrives in Jakarta, he will have \"some ideas and some initiatives\" to present to President Megawati Sukarnoputri.
Sent 14: Indonesia is already receiving 400,000 in the current fiscal year for civilian training programs and is to receive a like amount next year; and the United States expects to provide an additional 16 million this year to train police officers in counterterrorism.
Sent 15: At the same time, the Pentagon is reviewing how to allocate another 17 million in \"counterterrorism fellowships,\" some of which could go to Indonesia.
Sent 16: But a senior State Department official also acknowledged that some in the administration and Congress are pushing for more direct military cooperation, which would require congressional approval.
Sent 17: \"I think they recognize the danger that we all face and I think they have been cooperating more fully with us as time goes by, and I'm quite sure that Mrs. Megawati is committed to this cause,\" Powell said in Singapore.
Sent 18: He met there with Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong, who endorsed the idea of renewed military ties between the United States and Indonesia as an important step in stabilizing that country", "answer groups": ["Mrs. Megawati", "The United States", "President Megawati"], "distractor groups": ["President Bush", "Paek Nam Sun", "Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong", "The State Department"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: Which news agency ran a story that implied Russian organized crime may have infiltrated international sport at the Olympics?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Also on Feb. 12, a week before the ice dancing finals, Tokhtakhounov told Anissina's mother in a telephone call that the Russian federation official \"had called me from America\" to assure that \"we are going to make\" Anissina \"an Olympic champion.\"
Sent 2: He told her that the Russian skating federation official \"will help -- he has two or three judges.\"
Sent 3: On or about March 7, in a conversation between Tokhtakhounov and Anissina, she said she would have won the event without his assistance because the Russian judge did not vote for her and her partner.
Sent 4: She also apologized for not calling to thank him earlier, but that Gailhaguet had forbidden her.
Sent 5: She told Tokhtakhounov that she knew the FBI had interviewed Gailhaguet because of information that Tokhtakhounov \"was involved with the results\" of the ice dancing.
Sent 6: He assured her that it was nonsense, but that Gailhaguet \"knows my name very well -- he tried to help me, and later he made stuff up to scare you so you would not connect me to him even more.\"
Sent 7: The conversations seem to indicate a familiarity between Tokhtakhounov and Anissina.
Sent 8: Tass, the official Russian news agency, reported that Anissina attended a ceremony in 1999 at a Paris hotel honoring Tokhtakhounov for his philanthropy.
Sent 9: That Russian organized crime may have infiltrated international sport at the Olympics stunned Phyllis Howard, president of the U.S. Figure Skating Association.
Sent 10: \"This is a criminal act and it certainly puts things in a different league,\" Howard said.
Sent 11: Lloyd Ward, chief executive officer of the U.S. Olympic Committee, said in a statement, \"Competitors from all nations must be assured that they compete on a level playing field", "answer groups": ["Tass", "Tass, the official Russian news agency"], "distractor groups": ["Russian Associated Press", "U.S. Figure Skating Association", "CNN World", "Russian Skating Federation", "Stalingrad News"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Was the leadership of Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz confirmed before or after Vice President Cheney called Crown Prince Abdullah to seek Saudi help?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Bush administration did not develop new diplomatic initiatives on al Qaeda with the Saudi government before 9/11.
Sent 2: Vice President Cheney called Crown Prince Abdullah on July 5, 2001, to seek Saudi help in preventing threatened attacks on American facilities in the Kingdom.
Sent 3: Secretary of State Powell met with the crown prince twice before 9/11.
Sent 4: They discussed topics like Iraq, not al Qaeda.U.S.-Saudi relations in the summer of 2001 were marked by sometimes heated disagreements about ongoing Israeli- Palestinian violence, not about Bin Laden.
Sent 5: The confirmation of the Pentagon's new leadership was a lengthy process.
Sent 6: Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz was confirmed in March 2001 and Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Douglas Feith in July.
Sent 7: Though the new officials were briefed about terrorism and some of the earlier planning, including that for Operation Infinite Resolve, they were focused, as Secretary Rumsfeld told us, on creating a twenty-first-century military.
Sent 8: At the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Shelton did not recall much interest by the new administration in military options against al Qaeda in Afghanistan.
Sent 9: He could not recall any specific guidance on the topic from the secretary.
Sent 10: Brian Sheridan-the outgoing assistant secretary of defense for special operations and low-intensity conflict (SOLIC), the key counterterrorism policy office in the Pentagon-never briefed Rumsfeld.
Sent 11: He departed on January 20; he had not been replaced by 9/11.
Sent 12: Rumsfeld noted to us his own interest in terrorism, which came up often in his regular meetings with Tenet.
Sent 13: He thought that the Defense Department, before 9/11, was not organized adequately or prepared to deal with new threats like terrorism.
Sent 14: But his time was consumed with getting new officials in place and working on the foundation documents of a new defense policy, the quadrennial defense review, the defense planning guidance, and the existing contingency plans.
Sent 15: He did not recall any particular counterterrorism issue that engaged his attention before 9/11, other than the development of the Predator unmanned aircraft system.
Sent 16: The commander of Central Command, General Franks, told us that he did not regard the existing plans as serious.
Sent 17: To him a real military plan to address al Qaeda would need to go all the way, following through the details of a full campaign (including the political-military issues of where operations would be based) and securing the rights to fly over neighboring countries.
Sent 18: The draft presidential directive circulated in June 2001 began its discussion of the military by reiterating the Defense Department's lead role in protecting its forces abroad", "answer groups": ["March 2001", "Before"], "distractor groups": ["After the saudi's help", "July 5 2001"]}, {"question": "\"
Multi Label Question: How is it apparent that the FDA has taken a proactive role in dealing with this situation?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Washington (CNN) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced Wednesday that laboratory tests on popular smoking devices known as electronic cigarettes have found they contain carcinogens and other toxic chemicals dangerous to humans.
Sent 2: E-cigarettes are battery-operated and contain cartridges filled with nicotine and other chemicals.
Sent 3: Known as \"e-cigarettes,\" the devices are battery-operated and contain cartridges filled with nicotine and other chemicals, spiced with flavors such as chocolate, cola or bubble gum.
Sent 4: While manufacturers tout e-cigarettes as a \"healthy way\" to smoke, federal health officials say the devices turn nicotine, which is highly addictive, and other chemicals into a vapor that is inhaled by the user.
Sent 5: \"The FDA is concerned about the safety of these products and how they are marketed to the public,\" said Dr. Margaret A. Hamburg, commissioner of the FDA.
Sent 6: CNN contacted Florida-based Smoking Everywhere, one of the largest manufacturers of e-cigarettes, after the FDA announcement, and a spokeswoman said the company had no comment.
Sent 7: Because e-cigarettes have not been submitted to the FDA for evaluation or approval, the agency had no way of knowing the levels of nicotine or the amounts or kinds of other chemicals that the various brands of these products deliver to the user.
Sent 8: That is why the FDA began to test them.
Sent 9: The FDA's Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis analyzed the ingredients in a small sample of cartridges from two leading brands of e-cigarettes.
Sent 10: In releasing its information, the FDA did not identify the two companies, but said in one sample, diethylene glycol -- a chemical used in antifreeze that is toxic to humans -- was detected.
Sent 11: Other samples detected carcinogens that are dangerous to those who smoke them, the FDA said.
Sent 12: The FDA has been examining and seizing shipments of non-U.S.-made e-cigarettes at the U.S. border since summer 2008.
Sent 13: To date, 50 shipments have been stopped.
Sent 14: The products examined thus far meet the definition of a combination drug-device product under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Sent 15: \"We know very little about these devices, said Dr. Jonathan Samet, director of the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California, \"but to say they are healthy -- that's highly doubtful", "answer groups": ["They have seized over 50 shipments and they started examining these shipments back in 2008", "Examining and seizing shipments", "Seizing shipments of non-U.S.-made e-cigarettes"], "distractor groups": ["Made e-cigarettes illegal", "Products deliver to the user"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What lead to the development of katakana system?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Golden Heian Era: The geomancers in 794 decided that Heian-kyo (modern Kyoto) would be an auspicious site for the imperial family.
Sent 2: It was indeed\u2002\u2014\u2002until 1869.
Sent 3: Grants of tax-free land over the years had been made to Buddhist temples and members of the court aristocracy.
Sent 4: The most powerful families thus carved out for themselves whole regions that were to become the fiefdoms of Japanese feudalism.
Sent 5: By the end of the eighth century the clans had created a hierarchy of shiki, or rights, from the highest to the lowest ranks of society.
Sent 6: The aristocrat or court patron lent his prestige to a powerful provincial proprietor, who employed a competent estate-manager to oversee smallholders, who in turn worked their farms with dependent laborers.
Sent 7: This elaborate structure of interdependent rights and obligations was to serve Japanese society right into the 20th century.
Sent 8: Meanwhile, Heian court life blossomed in an effusion of aesthetic expression.
Sent 9: Princes and princesses judged the merits of birds, insects, flowers, roots, or seashells.
Sent 10: Literary party games held in ornate palace gardens required each guest to compose a small poem as his wine cup floated toward him along a miniature winding channel of water.
Sent 11: Expeditions were organized to the best viewing points for the first spring cherry blossoms, and special pavilions were built to watch the rising of the full moon.
Sent 12: Every gesture, from the most banal opening of an umbrella to the sublimest act of lovemaking, had its appropriate ceremonial.
Sent 13: Conversation often took the form of elegant exchanges of improvised verse.
Sent 14: The changing role of Chinese culture in Japanese life was epitomized in the language itself.
Sent 15: In the absence of an indigenous alphabet, Japanese scholars had with the greatest difficulty tried to adapt the complex ideograms of monosyllabic Chinese to the essentially polysyllabic Japanese.
Sent 16: Thus developed the katakana system used as a vehicle for writing Buddhist names and concepts.
Sent 17: After rival Fujiwara factions had been struggling for years to gain control of the imperial throne, they turned to the Taira and Minamoto armies in 1156 to wage the four-year war that heralded the end of the golden age of the Heian court.
Sent 18: The Taira, controlling the region along the Inland Sea, defeated the Minamoto armies based in the Kanto province east of the capital", "answer groups": ["The absences of an indigenous alphabet", "In the absence of an indigenous alphabet, Japanese scholars had with the greatest difficulty tried to adapt the complex ideograms of monosyllabic Chinese to the essentially polysyllabic Japanese"], "distractor groups": ["The Chinese", "The Buddhists", "The changing role of Chinese culture", "A need for language"]}, {"question": "
Sent 18: After Ailied district chiefs had repelled assaults from Thai-controlled armies from Pahang, Tun Perak personally led a famous victory over a Thai fleet off Batu Pahat in 1456.
Multi Label Question: Describe the land of Melaka", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The Glory of Melaka: In the early days, if you were not a pirate or a mosquito, Melaka was not much of a place to live.
Sent 2: The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish.
Sent 3: But it had a sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra.
Sent 4: Later, the strategic location and deep-water channel close to the coast brought in the bigger vessels of the trade-wind traffic crossing the Indian Ocean.
Sent 5: The first to realize the larger commercial potential, as so often throughout the country's subsequent history, were the Chinese.
Sent 6: In 1409, under a new directive from Emperor Chu Ti to pursue trade in the South Seas and the Indian Ocean, a Chinese fleet of 50 ships headed by Admiral Cheng Ho called in at Melaka.
Sent 7: They made Parameswara an offer he could not refuse: port facilities and an annual financial tribute in exchange for Chinese protection against the marauding Thais.
Sent 8: In 1411, Parameswara took the money to Beijing himself, and the emperor gratefully made him a vassal king.
Sent 9: Twenty years later, the Chinese withdrew again from the South Seas trade.
Sent 10: The new ruler of Melaka, Sri Maharajah, switched his allegiance to the Muslim trading fraternity by marrying into the Muslim faith, wedding the daughter of a sultan in Sumatra.
Sent 11: Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquest\u2002\u2014\u2002as had been the case in North Africa and Europe\u2002\u2014\u2002but by trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching.
Sent 12: Bengali peddlers had already brought the faith to the east coast.
Sent 13: In Melaka and throughout the peninsula, Islam thrived as a strong, male-dominated religion of individuality, offering dynamic leadership and preaching brotherhood and self-reliance\u2002\u2014\u2002all qualities ideally suited to the coastal trade.
Sent 14: At the same time, Sufi mystics synthesized Islamic teaching with local Malay traditions of animistic magic and charisma, though Islam did not become the state religion until Muzaffar Shah became sultan of Melaka (1446\u20131459).
Sent 15: But the key figure in the sultanate was Tun Perak, bendahara (prime minister) and military commander.
Sent 16: He expanded Melaka's power along the west coast and down to Singapore and the neighboring Bintan islands.
Sent 17: He also had orang laut pirates patrolling the seas to extort tribute from passing ships", "answer groups": ["A swampy place", "In its earliest days, it was a terrible sight to see with its infertile, swampy plain, but Malaka experienced a huge transformation when the chinese settled there", "Swampy; sheltered harbor to protect from monsoons; but overall unpleasant", "In the early days, it was not much of a place to live", "It was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish"], "distractor groups": ["It has been a home for muslims throughout the history", "The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish", "It was a great continent with lot of resources"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What position did Reupke hold one year ago?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Reuters Holdings PLC said Michael Reupke resigned as general manager to pursue unspecified interests, a move the news organization termed an \"amicable separation.\"
Sent 2: Mr. Reupke, 52 years old and a 27-year Reuters veteran, had been the information-services company's general manager for only six months.
Sent 3: His appointment to that post, which has senior administrative, staff and policy responsibilities, followed a several-year tenure as Reuters's editor in chief.
Sent 4: No successor was named, and Mr. Reupke's duties will be split among three other senior Reuters executives, the company said.
Sent 5: In a telephone interview, Mr. Reupke said his departure was for \"personal reasons,\" which he declined to specify.
Sent 6: \"There is no business reason for my departure,\" nor any disagreement over policy, he added.
Sent 7: He also rejected reports that his departure stemmed from disappointment the general manager's post hadn't also led to a board directorship at the London-based news organization.
Sent 8: Mr. Reupke was one of three executives on Reuters's eight-person executive committee who didn't also serve on the company's board of directors.
Sent 9: \"If I were choosing the people of tomorrow, I would have chosen the people who are now on the board,\" he said.
Sent 10: A Reuters spokesman said the departure reflects \"no change in strategy or profits.\"
Sent 11: Mark Shepperd, an analyst at UBS Philips & Drew in London, said, \"I suspect (the departure) will be fairly irrelevant for the company.
Sent 12: I would be very surprised if his departure signals any change in strategy or change in profit expectations.\"
Sent 13: On London's Stock Exchange, Reuters shares rose five pence to 913 pence (14.43).
Sent 14: In the U.S. over-the-counter market, American depositary shares for Reuters, each representing three shares in the London market, closed unchanged at 43.875.
Sent 15: The senior of the three executives who will assume Mr. Reupke's duties is Nigel Judah, 58, finance director and a Reuters board director.
Sent 16: Peter Holland, 45, deputy general manager, becomes director of corporate affairs.
Sent 17: And Patrick Mannix, 46, international technical manager, becomes director of group quality programs", "answer groups": ["He was the editor in chief", "Information-services company's general manager", "General Manager"], "distractor groups": ["Director", "Executive Manager"]}, {"question": "
Sent 18: The Legal Aid office on Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights, where 65 displaced workers have cobbled together space amid the faded and scratched walls, looks more like a bargain basement.
Multi Label Question: Where was the original address of the Legal Aid Society headquarters", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In her storage room-turned-office, Jennifer Baum works under an expanding leak that is causing the ceiling to turn brown and crumble.
Sent 2: Mold grows in the buckets positioned to catch the water.
Sent 3: She shrugs it off.
Sent 4: Outside her office she has taped up a clear plastic suit, and a sign that reads, \"All employees must don protective gear before coming in.\"
Sent 5: Such is life in limbo.
Sent 6: Nearly a year after Sept. 11, the Legal Aid Society-the lawyers for New York's poor and homeless-remains, well, homeless.
Sent 7: The nonprofit has been barred from returning to its 90 Church St. headquarters, across from the World Trade Center site, because of environmental concerns.
Sent 8: Legal Aid has uncomfortable company.
Sent 9: More than 11,500 New Yorkers continue to work out of temporary space, according to analysis by Manhattan-based real estate brokerage TenantWise.com Inc. and Crain's New York Business.
Sent 10: That's 8% of the 137,000 workers who lost their offices or access to them when the Twin Towers collapsed.
Sent 11: Legal Aid's 450 displaced attorneys and staffers have spent the past 12 months spread among previously unused spaces-some unused for good reason-in the nonprofit's other offices.
Sent 12: It could be another year and a half before they return to their old desks.
Sent 13: They have contended with difficult working conditions as demand for Legal Aid's services is on the rise because of Sept. 11 and the deteriorating economy.
Sent 14: The civil division is spread among a few boroughs.
Sent 15: Their papers and documents, some 20,000 boxes worth, are stuck in a storage facility in Linden, N.J. \"I am counting the days till we can have all the parts back in one place,\" says Steven Banks, Legal Aid's associate attorney in chief.
Sent 16: In the memories of the exiled workers, the old office has achieved mythical proportions.
Sent 17: They say the wood paneling and rugs had the ability to cool emotions and lift spirits", "answer groups": ["90 Church St, across from the World Trade Center site", "90 Church Street"], "distractor groups": ["New York", "123 World Trade Center Blvd", "Storage facility in Linden, N.J"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does an objects gravity cause it to do?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: So what is gravity?
Sent 2: A typical definition of gravity is that it is a force.
Sent 3: It causes an attraction between two masses.
Sent 4: According to this definition, anything that has mass exerts a force.
Sent 5: Any object exerts gravity on other objects.
Sent 6: It does not matter how small it is, it has gravity.
Sent 7: The more matter an object has, the more gravity it has.
Sent 8: Your pencil has a tiny bit of gravity, but far too little to notice.
Sent 9: What about a planet?
Sent 10: It would have a lot of gravity.
Sent 11: An objects gravity exerts a pull on other objects.
Sent 12: Friction only occurs between objects that are touching.
Sent 13: Gravity can act between objects that are not touching.
Sent 14: In fact, gravity can act over very long distances.
Sent 15: Where else can you feel gravity", "answer groups": ["exert and attraction and pull on other objects", "an attraction", "have a push and pull"], "distractor groups": ["a friction", "nothing"]}, {"question": "
Sent 15: He also is retaining new attorneys.
Multi Label Question: What was the issue with Penny Sweat and Lee Kemp", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: When 74-year-old Penny Sweat was evicted from the HUD-subsidized Glendale Senior Housing in Salt Lake City last month, she moved to a nonsubsidized apartment at five times her previous rent because she was unaware of her rights.
Sent 2: It turns out the manager of the seniors complex, its attorneys and government overseers were unaware, too.
Sent 3: Lee Kemp, a hearing-impaired World War II disabled vet, also was evicted, but he contacted Utah Legal Services and was told to stay put.
Sent 4: Attorney Marty Blaustein then notified Utah Nonprofit Housing Corp., the building's owner, that Kemp's eviction was not legal and that he had a right to a hearing.
Sent 5: That didn't stop Utah Nonprofit Housing's attorneys from then sending Kemp a summons to show cause why he had not moved out.
Sent 6: Meanwhile, Sweat's granddaughter called Salt Lake City housing officials, federal housing officials, state officials and several agents of Utah Nonprofit Housing to find out about her grandmother's rights.
Sent 7: Nobody knew.
Sent 8: Blaustein then took Sweat's case along with Kemp's and demanded her ousting be rectified.
Sent 9: Utah Nonprofit Housing President Marion Willey returned from an out-of-town trip and learned HUD procedures were not followed.
Sent 10: The eviction was activated because of ongoing personality conflicts among seniors in the complex, he said, and the new building manager decided the problems were with Sweat and Kemp.
Sent 11: Several tenants blame other neighbors as perpetrators of the rift, however.
Sent 12: Willey said when his building manager called attorneys retained by the company, they erroneously told her she could go ahead and kick out the tenants.
Sent 13: When she called HUD to make sure, the inquiry got bogged down in bureaucracy and nobody called her back.
Sent 14: Willey says he has offered Sweat and Kemp apartments in another complex operated by his company at their old rates", "answer groups": ["Unaware", "They were unfairly evicted from there homes", "They were evicted from the seniors complex", "A riff"], "distractor groups": ["AGE", "Neighbors", "She moved to a nonsubsidized apartment at five times her previous rent"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the four forms of energy that are electromagnetic?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Our sun and other stars release light energy.
Sent 2: At least this is what we see.
Sent 3: Our Sun and stars also emit more than just light.
Sent 4: Scientists call the type of energy that our Sun and stars release electromagnetic energy.
Sent 5: This form of energy travels through space.
Sent 6: Electromagnetic energy includes the light we see.
Sent 7: It also includes much more.
Sent 8: Many of these things we know about, but dont always think about.
Sent 9: Electromagnetic energy includes radio waves, microwaves, and X rays.
Sent 10: We now have devices in our homes and offices that release these same forms of energy.
Sent 11: We use electromagnetic energy to make our lives better", "answer groups": ["X-rays", "Light, radio waves, microwaves, and X rays", "Light energy,radio waves, microwaves, and X rays", "Radio waves", "Microwaves"], "distractor groups": ["Fire", "High waves", "Wind", "Ocean waves", "Sound energy,", "Sound waves"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are some suggestions for requirements of the people in this new committee that is being proposed?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Recommendation: Congressional oversight for intelligence-and counterterrorism-is now dysfunctional.
Sent 2: Congress should address this problem.
Sent 3: We have considered various alternatives: A joint committee on the old model of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy is one.
Sent 4: A single committee in each house of Congress, combining authorizing and appropriating authorities, is another.
Sent 5: The new committee or committees should conduct continuing studies of the activities of the intelligence agencies and report problems relating to the development and use of intelligence to all members of the House and Senate.
Sent 6: We have already recommended that the total level of funding for intelligence be made public, and that the national intelligence program be appropriated to the National Intelligence Director, not to the secretary of defense.
Sent 7: We also recommend that the intelligence committee should have a subcommittee specifically dedicated to oversight, freed from the consuming responsibility of working on the budget.
Sent 8: The resolution creating the new intelligence committee structure should grant subpoena authority to the committee or committees.
Sent 9: The majority party's representation on this committee should never exceed the minority's representation by more than one.
Sent 10: Four of the members appointed to this committee or committees should be a member who also serves on each of the following additional committees: Armed Services, Judiciary, Foreign Affairs, and the Defense Appropriations subcommittee.
Sent 11: In this way the other major congressional interests can be brought together in the new committee's work.
Sent 12: Members should serve indefinitely on the intelligence committees, without set terms, thereby letting them accumulate expertise.
Sent 13: The committees should be smaller-perhaps seven or nine members in each house-so that each member feels a greater sense of responsibility, and accountability, for the quality of the committee's work.
Sent 14: The leaders of the Department of Homeland Security now appear before 88 committees and subcommittees of Congress.
Sent 15: One expert witness (not a member of the administration) told us that this is perhaps the single largest obstacle impeding the department's successful development.
Sent 16: The one attempt to consolidate such committee authority, the House Select Committee on Homeland Security, may be eliminated.
Sent 17: The Senate does not have even this.
Sent 18: Congress needs to establish for the Department of Homeland Security the kind of clear authority and responsibility that exist to enable the Justice Department to deal with crime and the Defense Department to deal with threats to national security", "answer groups": ["Four of the members appointed to this committee or committees should be a member who also serves on each of the following additional committees: Armed Services, Judiciary, Foreign Affairs, and the Defense Appropriations subcommittee", "The majority of the committee should never exceed the minority by more than one and four of the members on the committee should also serve in Armed Services, Judiciary, Foreign Affairs and the Defense Appropriations subcommittee"], "distractor groups": ["They should have serviced in the Armed Forces Committee", "Have legal background and completed military training", "They should have served multiple years in different intelligence committees"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What is the greatest objection of RxP opponents?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Critics say that is not nearly enough compared with other prescribers, such as M.D. psychiatrists or nurse practitioners who have at least six years' medical education and clinical experience.
Sent 2: Neither Davison nor most other RxP opponents doubt the efficacy of medications.
Sent 3: Their greatest objection is to the notion of turning psychology into a prescribing profession.
Sent 4: In a field that has struggled long and hard to prove that mind, mood and behavior can be studied empirically, the past decade, Davison says, has seen \"exciting developments\" that demonstrate the validity of various psychotherapeutic interventions and the psychosocial-behavioral models on which they are based.
Sent 5: \"The timing is peculiar to abandon psychological science or to convert it to a medical science,\" explains Elaine M. Heiby of the University of Hawaii, who chairs a committee of the 1,000-member American Association of Applied and Preventive Psychology that is concerned about the medicalization of psychology.
Sent 6: \"Making sure that practicing psychologists are giving patients interventions based on the best available psychological science should be the APA's priority,\" argues Emory University's Scott Lilienfeld, president of the Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology (SSCP).
Sent 7: More than any philosophical betrayal of psychology, RxP opponents fear that the movement will undermine the science they love.
Sent 8: They believe that if prescriptive authority becomes the norm, biomedical requirements will inevitably seep into the psychology curriculum, at the expense of traditional psychological science and methodology.
Sent 9: Lilienfeld feels that many clinical psychologists already receive inadequate training in fundamentals such as research design and evaluation.
Sent 10: RxP opponents charge the APA with pushing its prescription-privileges agenda without adequately assessing support for it in the field.
Sent 11: The 300-member SSCP is the only group within the APA to have taken a formal stance against prescription privileges.
Sent 12: The APA has scheduled 30 minutes at its meeting in August for an RxP debate, but its leadership believes it already has an accurate sense of support for its RxP policy.
Sent 13: \"Except for this small vocal minority, we have just not gotten a lot of groundswell against this from members,\" says APA president Philip G. Zimbardo of Stanford University.
Sent 14: With prescription privileges now a reality in one state, some RxP opponents concede that it may be too late.
Sent 15: This year four states besides New Mexico -- Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois and Tennessee -- have pending legislation for psychologist prescription privileges.
Sent 16: Over the past decade, 14 state legislatures have considered such laws.
Sent 17: Between 1991 and 1997, a U.S. Department of Defense psychopharmacology demonstration project involving two to four years' training produced 10 military psychologists who can write prescriptions", "answer groups": ["The notion of turning psychology into a prescribing profession", "Their greatest objection is to the notion of turning psychology into a prescribing profession", "The notion of turning psychology into a prescription profession"], "distractor groups": ["It will cost too much money", "Their greatest objection is that psychologist will not allow to write prescription"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Describe the events that occurred before the attack on the USS Cole?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Early in chapter 5 we introduced, along with Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, two other men who became operational coordinators for al Qaeda: Khallad and Nashiri.
Sent 2: As we explained, both were involved during 1998 and 1999 in preparing to attack a ship off the coast of Yemen with a boatload of explosives.
Sent 3: They had originally targeted a commercial vessel, specifically an oil tanker, but Bin Laden urged them to look for a U.S.warship instead.
Sent 4: In January 2000, their team had attempted to attack a warship in the port of Aden, but the attempt failed when the suicide boat sank.
Sent 5: More than nine months later, on October 12,2000, al Qaeda operatives in a small boat laden with explosives attacked a U.S. Navy destroyer, the USS Cole.
Sent 6: The blast ripped a hole in the side of the Cole, killing 17 members of the ship's crew and wounding at least 40.
Sent 7: The plot, we now know, was a full-fledged al Qaeda operation, supervised directly by Bin Laden.
Sent 8: He chose the target and location of the attack, selected the suicide operatives, and provided the money needed to purchase explosives and equipment.
Sent 9: Nashiri was the field commander and managed the operation in Yemen.
Sent 10: Khallad helped in Yemen until he was arrested in a case of mistaken identity and freed with Bin Laden's help, as we also mentioned earlier.
Sent 11: Local al Qaeda coordinators included Jamal al Badawi and Fahd al Quso, who was supposed to film the attack from a nearby apartment.
Sent 12: The two suicide operatives chosen were Hassan al Khamri and Ibrahim al Thawar, also known as Nibras.
Sent 13: Nibras and Quso delivered money to Khallad in Bangkok during Khallad's January 2000 trip to Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok.
Sent 14: In September 2000, Bin Laden reportedly told Nashiri that he wanted to replace Khamri and Nibras.
Sent 15: Nashiri was angry and disagreed, telling others he would go to Afghanistan and explain to Bin Laden that the new operatives were already trained and ready to conduct the attack.
Sent 16: Prior to departing, Nashiri gave Nibras and Khamri instructions to execute the attack on the next U.S.warship that entered the port of Aden", "answer groups": ["The teams attack on a warship failed after the suicide boat sank causing them to regroup and attack the USS Cole nine months later", "They had originally targeted a commercial vessel, specifically an oil tanker, but Bin Laden urged them to look for a U.S.warship instead. Then in January 2000, their team had attempted to attack a warship in the port of Aden, but the attempt failed when the suicide boat sank ,more than nine months later, on October 12,2000, al Qaeda operatives in a small boat laden with explosives attacked a U.S. Navy destroyer, the USS Cole", "In January 2000 operational coordinators for al Qaeda: Khallad and Nashiri had attempted to attack a warship in the port of Aden, but the attempt failed when the suicide boat sank", "Local al Qaeda coordinators included Jamal al Badawi and Fahd al Quso, who was supposed to film the attack from a nearby apartment"], "distractor groups": ["Bin Laden sent out worf that US cargo ship was expected in Amen port and operatives were sent to destroy it but destroyed USS Cole instead", "Nibras and Quso delivered money to Khallad in Bangkok during Khallad's January 2000 trip to Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok. Sent 14: In September 2000, Bin Laden reportedly told Nashiri that he wanted to replace Khamri and Nibras", "Al Qaeda operatives in a small boat laden with explosives attacked"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What reasons does Bin Laden give for issuing a fatwa on all Americans?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In February 1998, the 40-year-old Saudi exile Usama Bin Laden and a fugitive Egyptian physician, Ayman al Zawahiri, arranged from their Afghan headquarters for an Arabic newspaper in London to publish what they termed a fatwa issued in the name of a \"World Islamic Front.\"
Sent 2: A fatwa is normally an interpretation of Islamic law by a respected Islamic authority, but neither Bin Laden, Zawahiri, nor the three others who signed this statement were scholars of Islamic law.
Sent 3: Claiming that America had declared war against God and his messenger, they called for the murder of any American, anywhere on earth, as the \"individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any country in which it is possible to do it.\"
Sent 4: Three months later, when interviewed in Afghanistan by ABC-TV, Bin Laden enlarged on these themes.
Sent 5: He claimed it was more important for Muslims to kill Americans than to kill other infidels.\"
Sent 6: It is far better for anyone to kill a single American soldier than to squander his efforts on other activities,\" he said.
Sent 7: Asked whether he approved of terrorism and of attacks on civilians, he replied:\"We believe that the worst thieves in the world today and the worst terrorists are the Americans.
Sent 8: Nothing could stop you except perhaps retaliation in kind.
Sent 9: We do not have to differentiate between military or civilian.
Sent 10: As far as we are concerned, they are all targets.\"
Sent 11: Note: Islamic names often do not follow the Western practice of the consistent use of surnames.
Sent 12: Given the variety of names we mention, we chose to refer to individuals by the last word in the names by which they are known: Nawaf al Hazmi as Hazmi, for instance, omitting the article \"al\" that would be part of their name in their own societies.
Sent 13: We generally make an exception for the more familiar English usage of \"Bin\" as part of a last name, as in Bin Laden.
Sent 14: Further, there is no universally accepted way to transliterate Arabic words and names into English.
Sent 15: We have relied on a mix of common sense, the sound of the name in Arabic, and common usage in source materials, the press, or government documents.
Sent 16: When we quote from a source document, we use its transliteration, e.g.,\"al Qida\" instead of al Qaeda.
Sent 17: Though novel for its open endorsement of indiscriminate killing, Bin Laden's 1998 declaration was only the latest in the long series of his public and private calls since 1992 that singled out the United States for attack.
Sent 18: In August 1996, Bin Laden had issued his own self-styled fatwa calling on Muslims to drive American soldiers out of Saudi Arabia", "answer groups": ["He claimed that American had declared war against God [Allah] and his messenger [Mohammed] and that Americans are the worst thieves and terrorists in the world", "He claimed that America had declared war against God and his messenger", "They believe that the worst thieves and terrorists in the world today are the Americans"], "distractor groups": ["They want to take revenge for not allowing them to migrate to America", "To avenge the deaths of innocents", "To call on Muslims to drive American soldiers out of Saudi Arabia", "To give them a reason to change their evil", "To convert them to Islam"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Consdider the original schools in the consortium and those that have joined to find out how many are currently teaching this type of law.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Life for the partners of Cates, Katalinic & Lund holds little of the glamour one might expect from a career in law.
Sent 2: Instead of lunches at Lut\ufffd\ufffdce, they caucus at the Palace Diner in Queens.
Sent 3: Wooing clients means passing out fliers on street corners, not securing box seats at Madison Square Garden.
Sent 4: To make ends meet, one partner stacks pipe and cleans the yard at a plumbing warehouse.
Sent 5: Another handles urine samples in a hospital lab.
Sent 6: A sign of failure, of a feeble economy, perhaps?
Sent 7: Hardly.
Sent 8: They are heeding the call of a growing pool of law schools, which are for the first time pointing graduates in a new direction and teaching them how to get there.
Sent 9: Forget the lure of large firms, the security of a government post.
Sent 10: Here is how to grapple \"in the service of justice,\" as many of the schools put it, instead.
Sent 11: Convinced that corporate largess and government programs barely dent the nation's legal needs, the law schools are urging graduates to buck tradition, pass up big salaries and ignore mushrooming student debt to join tiny neighborhood practices or simply start their own, all with an eye toward charging no more than their clients can afford.
Sent 12: This is not pro bono legal work; it is \"low bono,\" a term the schools coined to define the atypical kind of law career they are training students for.
Sent 13: While its practitioners do charge for their services, they are also dead set on turning no one away - or at least as few as possible.
Sent 14: \"When you go into this kind of social justice law, it's really brutal and you're almost guaranteed to struggle for a couple of years before there's a light at the end of the tunnel,\" said Fred Rooney, director of the Community Legal Resource Network at City University of New York School of Law, from which the lawyers of the newly formed Cates, Katalinic & Lund graduated last May.
Sent 15: \"But if our graduates don't do it, the millions of people who cannot access justice in this country will continue to soar.\"
Sent 16: The movement, primly called the consortium, started four years ago by CUNY, Northeastern University, the University of Maryland and St. Mary's Law School in Texas.
Sent 17: (St. Mary's later dropped out.) Since then, it has drawn seven additional law schools to its ranks: the University of Michigan, Rutgers and Syracuse Law Schools, New York Law School, University of New Mexico School of Law, Thomas M. Cooley Law School and Touro Law School.
Sent 18: It has elicited at least initial interest from 19 more", "answer groups": ["University of Michigan", "Ten schools currently teach this", "Rutgers and Syracuse Law Schools", "New York Law School", "University of New Mexico School of Law", "Thomas M. Cooley Law School"], "distractor groups": ["Madison University", "Ohio State"]}, {"question": " Mint will go toward what causes?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The 1933 double eagle, a 20 gold piece with a mysterious history that involves a president, a king and a Secret Service sting operation, was auctioned Tuesday last night for a record price for a coin, 7.59 million, nearly double the previous record.
Sent 2: The anonymous buyer, believed to be an individual collector who lives in the United States, made the winning bid in a fiercely contested nine-minute auction at Sotheby's in Manhattan.
Sent 3: Eight bidders were joined by 500 coin collectors and dealers in an auction house audience seemingly devoid of celebrity bidders, while an additional 534 observers followed the bidding on eBay.
Sent 4: As auction houses prepare for their fall seasons in an uncertain economy, the sale price \"suggests that the marketplace for important items is enormously strong,\" said David Redden, a vice chairman at Sotheby's, who was the auctioneer.
Sent 5: \"This is an astonishing new record for a coin,\" he said.
Sent 6: In an unprecedented move, the auction proceeds were split by the U.S. Mint and a London coin dealer, Stephen Fenton, who had won that right in court after having been arrested by Secret Service agents for trying to sell the coin in the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in Manhattan in 1996.
Sent 7: Henrietta Holsman Fore, the director of the U.S. Mint, who witnessed the sale, said, \"The monies we receive will go toward helping to pay down the debt and to fight the war on terrorism.\"
Sent 8: Fenton commented that the double eagle had been on \"a long historic journey, with a very satisfying ending.\"
Sent 9: He added, \"I am thrilled with the price.\"
Sent 10: The previous numismatic record holder was an 1804 U.S. silver dollar, which sold for 4.14 million in 1999.
Sent 11: Sotheby's partner in the one-lot auction was Stack's Rare Coins, with which it shared the customary 15 percent commission.
Sent 12: \"I have never seen as much interest in the sale of any coin in my 30 years in the business,\" said Lawrence R. Stack, the company's managing director.
Sent 13: \"This is the Mona Lisa of coins,\" said Beth Deisher, editor of Coin World, the largest weekly coin publication in the United States, with a circulation of 85,000.
Sent 14: \"It is unique.
Sent 15: Forbidden fruit.\"
Sent 16: Collectors' Web sites have surged with speculation about the sale price, and enthusiasts even organized betting pools.
: The half of the auction proceeds that were given to the U.S", "answer groups": ["Fight the war on terrorism", "Pay down the debt", "Helping to pay down the debt and to fight the war on terrorism"], "distractor groups": ["Recycling programs and the space program", "Pay a lawsuit", "Military Spending", "Welfare"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Was the author usually an admirer of the women in a plush Gainsborough hat and a gown of wine-coloured silk.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The little party in the cabin, so disastrously begun, finished, under the mellowing influence of wine and woman, in excellent feeling and with some hilarity.
Sent 2: Mamie, in a plush Gainsborough hat and a gown of wine-coloured silk, sat, an apparent queen, among her rude surroundings and companions.
Sent 3: The dusky litter of the cabin set off her radiant trimness: tarry Johnson was a foil to her fair beauty; she glowed in that poor place, fair as a star; until even I, who was not usually of her admirers, caught a spark of admiration; and even the captain, who was in no courtly humour, proposed that the scene should be commemorated by my pencil.
Sent 4: It was the last act of the evening.
Sent 5: Hurriedly as I went about my task, the half-hour had lengthened out to more than three before it was completed: Mamie in full value, the rest of the party figuring in outline only, and the artist himself introduced in a back view, which was pronounced a likeness.
Sent 6: But it was to Mamie that I devoted the best of my attention; and it was with her I made my chief success", "answer groups": ["Mamie", "No"], "distractor groups": ["No one"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How was Gross able to connect the Jewish community to the internet?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Cuba will pardon more than 2,900 prisoners, the government said Friday, though U.S. subcontractor Alan Gross is not among those who will be freed.
Sent 2: The decision to release the prisoners follows \"numerous requests\" from their family members and religious institutions, and is a humanitarian gesture, said Cuban President Raul Castro.
Sent 3: Among those who might be freed are prisoners over the age of 60, along with those who are sick, female or young with no previous criminal record.
Sent 4: With some exceptions, prisoners convicted of spying, terrorism, murder and drug trafficking will not be released.
Sent 5: Those who will be freed have already served a \"important\" part of their sentences and exhibited good behavior, according to an official statement published on the state-run website Cubadebate.
Sent 6: The jailed American, Gross, will not be among those pardoned, the Cuban Interests Section in Washington said.
Sent 7: Gross was jailed in December 2009, when he was working as a subcontractor on a U.S. Agency for International Development project aimed at spreading democracy.
Sent 8: Castro has accused him of importing satellite equipment to connect dissidents to the Internet, and this year Cuba's highest court upheld the 15-year sentence imposed on Gross for committing crimes against the security of the state.
Sent 9: He has maintained his innocence and said he was trying to help connect the Jewish community to the Internet.
Sent 10: Castro, speaking to the National Assembly, said that 86 prisoners from 25 countries would be among those released in coming days.
Sent 11: He cited the upcoming visit of Pope Benedict XVI as one of the motivations behind the move, which he said showed the \"generosity and strength of the revolution.\"
Sent 12: The pope has said he plans to visit Mexico and Cuba before Easter", "answer groups": ["Importing satellite equipment to connect dissidents to the Internet", "He imported satellite equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Because of his history of espionage"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Would deposition of or the moving of a particular rock take more energy?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Flowing water causes sediment to move.
Sent 2: Flowing water can erode both rocks and soil.
Sent 3: You have already learned that materials can dissolve in water.
Sent 4: With enough time, even rocks can be dissolved by water.
Sent 5: This process happens really slowly.
Sent 6: It may take over a million years to dissolve a rock.
Sent 7: It doesnt matter how big the rock is.
Sent 8: With enough time, flowing water can dissolve it.
Sent 9: Moving water also has the ability to move small pieces of rock and soil.
Sent 10: How can water move a rock?
Sent 11: Doesnt it need energy?
Sent 12: Of course, water gets its energy because it is moving.
Sent 13: Moving water has kinetic energy.
Sent 14: Things that have more energy can do more work.
Sent 15: When water stops moving it will have no energy.
Sent 16: It will no longer be able to move the rock and soil.
Sent 17: When this happens the rock and soil will settle to the bottom of the calm water.
Sent 18: Scientists call this process deposition", "answer groups": ["Moving of the rock takes more energy", "The moving of a rock would take more energy than the deposition of that rock"], "distractor groups": ["No", "Deposition of rock", "Yes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who did Philip's troops quickly route?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: As Philip marched south, his opponents blocked him near Chaeronea, Boeotia.
Sent 2: During the ensuing Battle of Chaeronea, Philip commanded the right wing and Alexander the left, accompanied by a group of Philip's trusted generals.
Sent 3: According to the ancient sources, the two sides fought bitterly for some time.
Sent 4: Philip deliberately commanded his troops to retreat, counting on the untested Athenian hoplites to follow, thus breaking their line.
Sent 5: Alexander was the first to break the Theban lines, followed by Philip's generals.
Sent 6: Having damaged the enemy's cohesion, Philip ordered his troops to press forward and quickly routed them.
Sent 7: With the Athenians lost, the Thebans were surrounded.
Sent 8: Left to fight alone, they were defeated.
Sent 9: After the victory at Chaeronea, Philip and Alexander marched unopposed into the Peloponnese, welcomed by all cities; however, when they reached Sparta, they were refused, but did not resort to war.
Sent 10: At Corinth, Philip established a \"Hellenic Alliance\" (modeled on the old anti-Persian alliance of the Greco-Persian Wars), which included most Greek city-states except Sparta.
Sent 11: Philip was then named Hegemon (often translated as \"Supreme Commander\") of this league (known by modern scholars as the League of Corinth), and announced his plans to attack the Persian Empire", "answer groups": ["The Thebans (and/or the Athenians)", "The Athenians"], "distractor groups": ["Officials", "The Peloponnese", "The Spartans"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are two elements of ocean basins?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: What if you could drain all of Earths oceans?
Sent 2: What would it look like?
Sent 3: You might be really surprised.
Sent 4: You see that the surface has two main features.
Sent 5: It has continents and ocean basins.
Sent 6: Continents are large land areas.
Sent 7: These are the areas that are mostly above sea level.
Sent 8: Ocean basins extend from the edges of continents.
Sent 9: They include the ocean floor and Earths deep ocean trenches.
Sent 10: You will also notice the ocean floor is not flat.
Sent 11: It too has many Continents are much older than ocean basins.
Sent 12: Some rocks on the continents are billions of years old.
Sent 13: Ocean basins may only be millions of years old.
Sent 14: Because the continents are so old, a lot has happened to them!
Sent 15: As we view the land around us, we see landforms.
Sent 16: Landforms are physical features on Earths surface.
Sent 17: These features change over time, but how?
Sent 18: There are actually two types of forces at work", "answer groups": ["The ocean floor, and deep ocean trenches", "The ocean floor and trenches", "Ocean floor", "Deep ocean trenches"], "distractor groups": ["Basins and continents", "Continent", "Sea level"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where were the prisoners being transferred to?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Washington (CNN) -- The Pacific island nation of Palau has agreed to take in 17 Chinese Muslims held at the U.S. prison camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the country's ambassador to the United States said Wednesday.
Sent 2: The map shows the Pacific island nation of Palau in relation to China.
Sent 3: Details of the transfer are still being worked out, Ambassador Hersey Kyota told CNN.
Sent 4: But Kyota said his country, a former U.S. Pacific trust territory, has agreed to take in the ethnic Uighur detainees \"for humanitarian reasons\" and because of the \"special relationship\" between Palau and the United States.
Sent 5: U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly would not comment on the announcement, telling reporters, \"We're still involved in ongoing discussions.\"
Sent 6: The agreement includes some U.S. aid for Palau, Kyota said, but he said those details remained to be worked out as well.
Sent 7: The country, with a population of about 20,000, is about 1,000 miles southeast of Manila, Philippines, and about 4,600 miles west of Hawaii.
Sent 8: Palau has received nearly 900 million in U.S. aid since independence in 1994, according to congressional auditors, and depends on Washington for defense.
Sent 9: The \"Compact of Free Association\" between Palau and the United States is up for review, but Kelly said any additional aid offer \"is not linked to any other discussions we may be having with the government of Palau.\"
Sent 10: The Uighurs were accused of receiving weapons and military training in Afghanistan", "answer groups": ["A Pacific Island Nation", "Palau"], "distractor groups": ["Washington", "Hawaii", "Phillipines"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Is Hamilton associated with more than one school?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The only home Hamilton ever owned was a Federal style mansion designed by John McComb Jr., which he built on his 32-acre country estate in Hamilton Heights in upper Manhattan.
Sent 2: He named the house, which was completed in 1802, the \"Grange\" after his grandfather Alexander's estate in Ayrshire, Scotland.
Sent 3: The house remained in the family until 1833 when his widow sold it to Thomas E. Davis, a British born real estate developer, for 25,000.
Sent 4: Part of the proceeds were used by Eliza to purchase a new townhouse from Davis (Hamilton-Holly House) in Greenwich Village with her son Alexander.
Sent 5: The Grange, first moved from its original location in 1889, was moved again in 2008 to a spot in St. Nicholas Park on land that was once part of the Hamilton estate, in Hamilton Heights, a neighborhood in upper Manhattan.
Sent 6: The historic structure was restored to its original 1802 appearance in 2011, and is maintained by the National Park service as Hamilton Grange National Memorial.
Sent 7: Alexander Hamilton served as one of the first trustees of the Hamilton-Oneida Academy in New York state.
Sent 8: Later the Academy received a college charter in 1812, and the school was formally renamed Hamilton College.Columbia University, Hamilton's alma mater, has official memorials to Hamilton on its campus in New York City.
Sent 9: The college's main classroom building for the humanities is Hamilton Hall, and a large statue of Hamilton stands in front of it.
Sent 10: The university press has published his complete works in a multivolume letterpress edition.
Sent 11: Columbia University's student group for ROTC cadets and Marine officer candidates is named the Alexander Hamilton Society", "answer groups": ["Yes", "Columbia University,Hamilton-Oneida Academy and Hamilton College", "Yes, Hamilton was named a trustee of Hamilton College and went to Colombia University"], "distractor groups": ["Columbia University only"]}, {"question": " What was the outcome of the joining?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Although Bin Laden, Atef, and KSM initially contemplated using established al Qaeda members to execute the planes operation, the late 1999 arrival in Kandahar of four aspiring jihadists from Germany suddenly presented a more attractive alternative.
Sent 2: The Hamburg group shared the anti-U.S. fervor of the other candidates for the operation, but added the enormous advantages of fluency in English and familiarity with life in the West, based on years that each member of the group had spent living in Germany.
Sent 3: Not surprisingly, Mohamed Atta, Ramzi Binalshibh, Marwan al Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah would all become key players in the 9/11 conspiracy.
Sent 4: Mohamed Atta was born on September 1, 1968, in Kafr el Sheikh, Egypt, to a middle-class family headed by his father, an attorney.
Sent 5: After graduating from Cairo University with a degree in architectural engineering in 1990, Atta worked as an urban planner in Cairo for a couple of years.
Sent 6: In the fall of 1991, he asked a German family he had met in Cairo to help him continue his education in Germany.
Sent 7: They suggested he come to Hamburg and invited him to live with them there, at least initially.
Sent 8: After completing a course in German, Atta traveled to Germany for the first time in July 1992.
Sent 9: He resided briefly in Stuttgart and then, in the fall of 1992, moved to Hamburg to live with his host family.
Sent 10: After enrolling at the University of Hamburg, he promptly transferred into the city engineering and planning course at the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, where he would remain registered as a student until the fall of 1999.
Sent 11: He appears to have applied himself fairly seriously to his studies (at least in comparison to his jihadist friends) and actually received his degree shortly before traveling to Afghanistan.
Sent 12: In school, Atta came across as very intelligent and reasonably pleasant, with an excellent command of the German language.
Sent 13: When Atta arrived in Germany, he appeared religious, but not fanatically so.
Sent 14: This would change, especially as his tendency to assert leadership became increasingly pronounced.
Sent 15: According to Binalshibh, as early as 1995 Atta sought to organize a Muslim student association in Hamburg.
Sent 16: In the fall of 1997, he joined a working group at the Quds mosque in Hamburg, a group designed to bridge the gap between Muslims and Christians.
Sent 17: Atta proved a poor bridge, however, because of his abrasive and increasingly dogmatic personality.
Sent 18: But among those who shared his beliefs, Atta stood out as a decisionmaker.
: When did Atta join a working group", "answer groups": ["Poor performance as bridge between Muslims and Christians", "In the fall of 1997, he joined a working group at the Quds mosque in Hamburg, a group designed to bridge the gap between Muslims and Christians. Atta proved a poor bridge, however, because of his abrasive and increasingly dogmatic personality", "1997, became decision maker", "1997"], "distractor groups": ["1996, became leader", "Excelled as bridge between Muslims and Christians", "1995"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What cultural phenomenon led to the existence of a Greco-Bactrian synthesis?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Some of the most unusual effects of Hellenization can be seen in Afghanistan and India, in the region of the relatively late-arising Greco-Bactrian Kingdom (250 BC-125 BC) in modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tajikistan and the Greco-Indian Kingdom (180 BC - 10 CE) in modern Afghanistan and India.
Sent 2: There on the newly formed Silk Road Greek culture apparently hybridized with Indian, and especially Buddhist culture.
Sent 3: The resulting syncretism known as Greco-Buddhism heavily influenced the development of Buddhism and created a culture of Greco-Buddhist art.
Sent 4: These Greco-Buddhist kingdoms sent some of the first Buddhist missionaries to China, Sri Lanka, and the Mediterranean (Greco-Buddhist monasticism).
Sent 5: The first figural portrayals of the Buddha, previously avoided by Buddhists, appeared at this time; they were modeled on Greek statues of Apollo.
Sent 6: Several Buddhist traditions may have been influenced by the ancient Greek religion: the concept of Boddhisatvas is reminiscent of Greek divine heroes, and some Mahayana ceremonial practices (burning incense, gifts of flowers, and food placed on altars) are similar to those practiced by the ancient Greeks.
Sent 7: One Greek king, Menander I, probably became Buddhist, and was immortalized in Buddhist literature as 'Milinda'.
Sent 8: The process of Hellenization extended to the sciences, where ideas from Greek astronomy filtered eastward and had profoundly influenced Indian astronomy by the early centuries AD.
Sent 9: For example, Greek astronomical instruments dating to the 3rd century BC were found in the Greco-Bactrian city of Ai Khanoum in modern-day Afghanistan while the Greek concept of a spherical earth surrounded by the spheres of planets was adopted in India and eventually supplanted the long-standing Indian cosmological belief of a flat and circular earth.
Sent 10: The Yavanajataka and Paulisa Siddhanta texts in particular show Greek influence", "answer groups": ["The creation of the Silk Road between the Hellenic area and Asia", "Greek concept of a spherical earth surrounded by the spheres of planets was adopted in India and eventually supplanted the long-standing Indian cosmological belief of a flat and circular earth", "The Silk Road", "The newly formed Silk Road"], "distractor groups": ["The Yavanajataka and Paulisa Siddhanta texts", "Process of Hellenization extended to the sciences, where ideas from Greek astronomy filtered eastward and had profoundly influenced Indian astronomy by the early centuries AD", "The spread of astronomy"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are Eastern barbarians?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Enter the Shoguns: Japan's austere, ruthless, but statesmanlike new ruler, Yoritomo Minamoto, set up his government in Kamakura (just south of modern Tokyo), well away from the \"softening\" influence of court life that had been the undoing of his predecessor, Kiyomori.
Sent 2: First of the national rulers to take the title of sei-i tai-shogun (\"barbarian-subduing great general\"), Minamoto expanded and consolidated his power by confiscating lands from some of the defeated Taira and redistributing them to his samurai vassals.
Sent 3: Minamoto died in 1199, and the feudal structure passed intact to the tutelage of his widow's family, the Hojo, who were content to play regent to a figurehead shogun, in much the same way as the Fujiwara had done with the emperor.
Sent 4: The fiction of Japanese imperial power had become infinitely extendable.
Sent 5: The emperor at Kyoto\u2002\u2014\u2002still seconded by a Fujiwara regent at court\u2002\u2014\u2002legitimized a Minamoto who was himself a military dictator controlled by a Hojo regent.
Sent 6: In a country where form and substance were inextricably interrelated, two things counted in politics: symbolic authority and real power.
Sent 7: Neither could exist without the other.
Sent 8: A thwarted Mongol invasion in 1274 weakened the Kamakura regime.
Sent 9: The fighting brought none of the usual spoils of war that provincial warlords and samurai had come to expect as payment.
Sent 10: And the treasury was empty after earthquake, famine, and plague had crippled the economy.
Sent 11: Buddhist monasteries were using their private armies to support imperial ambitions to bring power back to Kyoto.
Sent 12: Worst of all, the Kamakura warriors, resenting the way the Kyoto court referred to them as \"Eastern barbarians,\" sought refinement in a ruinous taste for luxury: extravagant feasts, rich costumes, and opulent homes.
Sent 13: Kamakura was falling apart", "answer groups": ["They are barbarians that have ruinous taste for luxury. With extravagant feasts, rich costumes, and opulent homes", "Kamakura warriors"], "distractor groups": ["The Taira", "Warriors from the east", "Buddhist Monasteries", "The Mongols"]}, {"question": "
Sent 13: In January, President Barack Obama's National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling released a report that spread blame for the accident among Transocean, BP -- which leased the rig -- and Halliburton, which installed the rig's cement casing.
Multi Label Question: List some of the effects of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon explosion", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Declaring 2010 \"The best year in safety performance in our company's history,\" Transocean Ltd., owner of the Gulf of Mexico oil rig that exploded, killing 11 workers, has awarded its top executives hefty bonuses and raises, according to a recent filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Sent 2: That includes a 200,000 salary increase for Transocean president and chief executive officer Steven L. Newman, whose base salary will increase from 900,000 to 1.1 million, according to the SEC report.
Sent 3: Newman's bonus was 374,062, the report states.
Sent 4: Newman also has a 5.4 million long-term compensation package the company awarded him upon his appointment as CEO in March 2010, according to the SEC filing.
Sent 5: The latest cash awards are based in part on the company's \"performance under safety,\" the Transocean filing states.
Sent 6: \"Notwithstanding the tragic loss of life in the Gulf of Mexico, we achieved an exemplary statistical safety record as measured by our total recordable incident rate and total potential severity rate,\" the SEC statement reads.
Sent 7: \"As measured by these standards, we recorded the best year in safety performance in our Company's history.\"
Sent 8: The company called that record \"a reflection on our commitment to achieving an incident-free environment, all the time, everywhere,\" the SEC filing states.
Sent 9: The company did not respond to an e-mail from CNN seeking comment.
Sent 10: The April 20, 2010, explosion on the Deepwater Horizon rig injured 17 workers and killed 11 others, including nine Transocean employees, according to the SEC filing.
Sent 11: It has been called the worst spill in U.S. history.
Sent 12: The well was capped three months later, but not before millions of barrels of oil spilled into the Gulf", "answer groups": ["Injured 17 workers", "11 killed, millions of barrels oil spilled into the Gulf", "17 workers injured, 11 killed and the worst spill in U.S. history", "killed 11 workers", "17 workers injured and 11 killed"], "distractor groups": ["The death of 28 workers", "20 workers wounded", "President Obama's National Commission reporting the blame was solely on Transocean Ltd", "killed 20 workers"]}, {"question": " RamakantD. The ", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Elaan is a declaration of war against the reign of terror unleashed by the ganglords .
Sent 2: The story revolves around an upright and principled Police Officer , A.C.P. Ramakant Chaudhary whose eldest son Vikas is killed in a pre-planned accident .
Sent 3: But the A.C.P. is unable to nab the culprits for want of valid evidence .
Sent 4: Consequently , the A.C.P. , his wife Revati and younger son Vishal are griefstricken over the loss of young Vikas .
Sent 5: While the atmosphere in the city is already vitiated by the atrocities of ganglords Baba Khan and Manna Shetty who enjoy the support of some unscrupulous police personnel , the A.C.P. vows to make the ruthless gangsters bite the dust , without taking the law in his own hands .
Sent 6: On the other hand , Vishal an angry young man , can not stand this injustice since the police had failed to arrest his brother's killers , and he silently resents his A.C.P father's inaction in dealing with the culprits .
Sent 7: The ideologies of the father and son clash - Which lead to a conflict between a dutiful father and a reckless son .
Sent 8: The only one who understands the agony of Vishal is Mohini , the daughter of head constable Devkinandan Sharma .
Sent 9: The day comes when Vishal confronts Baba Khan and Manna Shetty Which leads to tension and gory situation for the A.C.P. , as the ganglords threaten to eliminate the A.C.P. as well as his wife Revati and son Vishal .
: ", "answer groups": ["A.C.P. Ramakant Chaudhary", "The A.C.P", "Ramakant", "Revati"], "distractor groups": ["Vishal"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which climate zone is situated between the other two geographically?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The world can be divided into three climate zones.
Sent 2: The first climate zone is the polar zone.
Sent 3: As it sounds, the polar zone is near earths poles.
Sent 4: The polar zone has very long and cold winters.
Sent 5: Brrr!!!!
Sent 6: Near the equator is the tropical zone.
Sent 7: The tropical zone is known for being hot and wet.
Sent 8: Between these two zones is the temperate zone.
Sent 9: Temperatures there tend to be mild.
Sent 10: Its not too hot and not too cold.
Sent 11: You might expect places near the equator to be hot and wet.
Sent 12: Thats not always the case.
Sent 13: Sometimes there are other factors at work.
Sent 14: These factors can affect the local climate type or a region.
Sent 15: Oceans and mountain ranges can have a major impact.
Sent 16: They can greatly influence the climate of an area.
Sent 17: Many factors influence an areas climate", "answer groups": ["The temperate zone is between the polar and tropical zones", "Temperate"], "distractor groups": ["Central", "Polar", "Tropical", "Temperature", "Middle"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the book The Rebel bring about?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Literary career During the war Camus joined the French Resistance cell Combat, which published an underground newspaper of the same name.
Sent 2: This group worked against the Nazis, and in it Camus assumed the nom de guerre Beauchard.
Sent 3: Camus became the paper's editor in 1943.
Sent 4: He first met Sartre at the dress rehearsal of Sartre's play, The Flies, in June 1943.
Sent 5: When the Ailies liberated Paris in August 1944, Camus witnessed and reported the last of the fighting.
Sent 6: Soon after the event on 6 August 1945, he was one of the few French editors to publicly express opposition and disgust to the United States' dropping the atomic bomb in Hiroshima.
Sent 7: He resigned from Combat in 1947 when it became a commercial paper.
Sent 8: After the war, Camus began frequenting the Cafe de Flore on the Boulevard Saint-Germain in Paris with Sartre and others.
Sent 9: He also toured the United States to lecture about French thought.
Sent 10: Although he leaned left, politically, his strong criticisms of Communist doctrine did not win him any friends in the Communist parties and eventually alienated Sartre.
Sent 11: In 1949, his tuberculosis returned, whereupon he lived in seclusion for two years.
Sent 12: In 1951, he published The Rebel, a philosophical analysis of rebellion and revolution which expressed his rejection of communism.
Sent 13: Upsetting many of his colleagues and contemporaries in France, the book brought about the final split with Sartre.
Sent 14: The dour reception depressed Camus; he began to translate plays.
Sent 15: Camus's first significant contribution to philosophy was his idea of the absurd.
Sent 16: He saw it as the result of our desire for clarity and meaning within a world and condition that offers neither, which he expressed in The Myth of Sisyphus and incorporated into many of his other works, such as The Stranger and The Plague.
Sent 17: Despite his split from his \"study partner\", Sartre, Camus was still categorized as an Existentialist.
Sent 18: He specifically rejected that label in his essay \"Enigma\" and elsewhere", "answer groups": ["Rejection of communism", "The final split with Sartre"], "distractor groups": ["Rejection of socialism", "Seclusion for two years"]}, {"question": " air defense on 9/11?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Clarifying the Record The defense of U.S. airspace on 9/11 was not conducted in accord with preexisting training and protocols.
Sent 2: It was improvised by civilians who had never handled a hijacked aircraft that attempted to disappear, and by a military unprepared for the transformation of commercial aircraft into weapons of mass destruction.
Sent 3: As it turned out, the NEADS air defenders had nine minutes' notice on the first hijacked plane, no advance notice on the second, no advance notice on the third, and no advance notice on the fourth.
Sent 4: We do not believe that the true picture of that morning reflects discredit on the operational personnel at NEADS or FAA facilities.
Sent 5: NEADS commanders and officers actively sought out information, and made the best judgments they could on the basis of what they knew.
Sent 6: Individual FAA controllers, facility managers, and Command Center managers thought outside the box in recommending a nationwide alert, in ground-stopping local traffic, and, ultimately, in deciding to land all aircraft and executing that unprecedented order flawlessly.
Sent 7: More than the actual events, inaccurate government accounts of those events made it appear that the military was notified in time to respond to two of the hijackings, raising questions about the adequacy of the response.
Sent 8: Those accounts had the effect of deflecting questions about the military's capacity to obtain timely and accurate information from its own sources.
Sent 9: In addition, they overstated the FAA's ability to provide the military with timely and useful information that morning.
Sent 10: In public testimony before this Commission in May 2003, NORAD officials stated that at 9:16, NEADS received hijack notification of United 93 from the FAA.
Sent 11: This statement was incorrect.
Sent 12: There was no hijack to report at 9:16.
Sent 13: United 93 was proceeding normally at that time.
Sent 14: In this same public testimony, NORAD officials stated that at 9:24, NEADS received notification of the hijacking of American 77.
Sent 15: This statement was also incorrect.
Sent 16: The notice NEADS received at 9:24 was that American 11 had not hit the World Trade Center and was heading for Washington, D.C. In their testimony and in other public accounts, NORAD officials also stated that the Langley fighters were scrambled to respond to the notifications about American 77,178 United 93, or both.
Sent 17: These statements were incorrect as well.
Sent 18: The fighters were scrambled because of the report that American 11 was heading south, as is clear not just from taped conversations at NEADS but also from taped conversations at FAA centers; contemporaneous logs compiled at NEADS, Continental Region headquarters, and NORAD; and other records.
: Who handled the U.S", "answer groups": ["FAA", "FAA controllers, facility managers, and the Military", "Civilians"], "distractor groups": ["11 was not conducted in accord with preexisting", "Facility manager", "The army", "The coast guard", "9"]}, {"question": "
Sent 14: 645 by Nakatomi Kamatari, founder of the great Fujiwara clan, which was to rule Japanese affairs for hundreds of years and provide prominent advisers to the emperor even up to the 19th century.
Multi Label Question: The religion brought to Japan from China", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Chinese Influences: The Japanese were forced out of the Korean peninsula in the sixth century, but not before the Koreans had bequeathed to the Yamato court copies of the sacred images and scriptures of Chinese Buddhism.
Sent 2: Just as Christianity introduced Mediterranean culture into northern Europe, so Buddhism brought Chinese culture into Japanese society.
Sent 3: Throughout the seventh and eighth centuries numerous Japanese monks, scholars, and artists made the perilous trip west across the Sea of Japan to study Chinese religion, history, music, literature, and painting\u2002\u2014\u2002later to be brought back for further development in Japan.
Sent 4: An outstanding figure of this time was Prince Shotoku, who in 604 developed the \"Seventeen-Article Constitution,\" outlining a code of human conduct and the ideals of state as a basic law for the nation.
Sent 5: He also established relations with the Sui dynasty in China.
Sent 6: Through him, the Japanese imperial court developed Chinese patterns of centralized government, with its formal bureaucracy of eight court ranks.
Sent 7: The Chinese calendar was used to calculate the year of Japan's foundation by counting back the 1,260 years of the Chinese cosmological cycle.
Sent 8: Thus, 660 b.c.
Sent 9: is still the official date celebrated nationwide.
Sent 10: At this early stage in its history Japan was already (for the most part) only nominally ruled by the emperor.
Sent 11: De facto power was exercised by the militarily and economically strongest family.
Sent 12: The Sogas had promoted Buddhism as an imperially sanctioned counterweight to the native Shinto religion, along with the new Chinese customs, to weaken the influence of their more conservative rivals.
Sent 13: But they in turn were ousted in a.d", "answer groups": ["Chinese Buddhism", "Buddhism"], "distractor groups": ["Jainism", "Christianity", "Hinduism", "Taoism", "Shinto"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Brazil declare independence when it did?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Among the early blows struck for independence was a rebellion in the town of Olh\u00e3o.
Sent 2: On 16 June 1808, the townsfolk\u00a0\u2014\u00a0armed with little more than ancient swords, spears, and stones\u00a0\u2014\u00a0attacked and captured the local French garrison.
Sent 3: It's said that a party of local men then set sail from Olh\u00e3o all the way to Brazil, without maps or navigational aids, to tell the king of the insurrection.
Sent 4: The real battle, however, was waged under the leadership of the Duke of Wellington, whose coalition forces expelled the French after two years of bitter fighting.
Sent 5: The war left Portugal further weakened, and in 1822 its major empire outpost, Brazil, declared independence.
Sent 6: At the same time, a dispute over the crown continually raged between Pedro IV, the absentee monarch who preferred to reign as Emperor of Brazil rather than return to Portugal, and his brother Miguel.
Sent 7: The power struggle, with strong overtones of absolutism versus liberalism, excited the interest and intervention of other powers.
Sent 8: With British help, Pedro defeated Miguel off Cape St. Vincent in 1833, and his expeditionary force marched to Lisbon.
Sent 9: Pedro took the throne, though armed struggle continued for months and the lingering bitterness long after that.
Sent 10: By 1892 Portugal, racked by wars and the continuing expense of maintaining its African colonies (including those of Mozambique and Angola), declared itself bankrupt.
Sent 11: The seeds of discontent with absolutist rule were sown.
Sent 12: Kingdom's End Bloodshed would haunt the remaining years of the Portuguese monarchy.
Sent 13: On 1 February 1908, the royal family was riding in an open carriage along the Lisbon river front plaza, Terreiro do Pa\u00e7o, when an assassin opened fire and killed King Carlos and the heir to the throne, Prince Luis Filipe.
Sent 14: The prince's younger brother, Prince Manuel, was also hit, but he survived and was thus propelled to the throne at the tender age of 19.
Sent 15: Amid republican agitation, a surprise uprising led by elements within the armed forces deposed Manuel in 1910.
Sent 16: Having ruled for less than three years, Manuel died in exile in 1932 in England.
Sent 17: The sudden end of more than seven centuries of monarchy brought confusion and crisis to the country.
Sent 18: Presidents and prime ministers were ushered into and out of office an unbelievable 45 times between 1910 and 1926, until a military revolution suspended Portugal's problematic democracy", "answer groups": ["Pedro IV took advantage of a weakened Portugal to become Emperor of Brazil", "Portugal was weak", "Because the war left Portugal further weakened, 1822"], "distractor groups": ["Portugal was bankrupt", "The French helped them", "It won war, 1820"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: The hysteria that Moore's film warns about is fueled by which wing's ignorance?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Animated history of the US.
Sent 2: Of course the cartoon is highly oversimplified, and most critics consider it one of the weakest parts of the film.
Sent 3: But it makes a valid claim which you ignore entirely: That the strategy to promote \"gun rights\" for white people and to outlaw gun possession by black people was a way to uphold racism without letting an openly terrorist organization like the KKK flourish.
Sent 4: Did the 19th century NRA in the southern states promote gun rights for black people?
Sent 5: I highly doubt it.
Sent 6: But if they didn't, one of their functions was to continue the racism of the KKK.
Sent 7: This is the key message of this part of the animation, which is again being ignored by its critics.
Sent 8: Buell shooting in Flint.
Sent 9: You write: \"Fact: The little boy was the class thug, already suspended from school for stabbing another kid with a pencil, and had fought with Kayla the day before\".
Sent 10: This characterization of a six-year-old as a pencil-stabbing thug is exactly the kind of hysteria that Moore's film warns against.
Sent 11: It is the typical right-wing reaction which looks for simple answers that do not contradict the Republican mindset.
Sent 12: The kid was a little bastard, and the parents were involved in drugs -- case closed.
Sent 13: But why do people deal with drugs?
Sent 14: Because it's so much fun to do so?
Sent 15: It is by now well documented that the CIA tolerated crack sales in US cities to fund the operation of South American \"contras\" It is equally well known that the so-called \"war on drugs\" begun under the Nixon administration is a failure which has cost hundreds of billions and made America the world leader in prison population (both in relative and absolute numbers)", "answer groups": ["Typical right-wing reaction", "The right wing"], "distractor groups": ["The left wing", "NRA wing", "Conservative wing"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why was William Gilbert unable to explain prove theory that the Earth acts like a magnet in 1600?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The idea that Earth is a magnet is far from new.
Sent 2: It was first proposed in 1600 by a British physician named William Gilbert.
Sent 3: Knowing it acts like a magnet is one thing.
Sent 4: Knowing why it acts like a magnet is more difficult.
Sent 5: In fact, finding out why is a fairly recent discovery.
Sent 6: To find out why required new technology.
Sent 7: It was the seismograph that made it possible to learn why the Earth acted like a magnet.
Sent 8: Seismograph are used to study earthquakes.
Sent 9: By studying earthquake waves they were able to learn about Earths interior.
Sent 10: They discovered that Earth has an inner and outer core.
Sent 11: The outer core consists of liquid metals, mainly iron and nickel.
Sent 12: Scientists think that Earths magnetic field is generated here.
Sent 13: It is caused by the motion of this liquid metal.
Sent 14: The liquid metal moves as Earth spins on its axis", "answer groups": ["There was no appropriate technology", "Gilbert could not prove his theory because seismograph technology required see the Earth's interior was not yet developed", "Knowing it acts like a magnet is one thing. Sent 4: Knowing why it acts like a magnet is more difficult. To find out why required new technology"], "distractor groups": ["Humanity was not ready to accept his explanation", "Seismograph are used to study earthquakes"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was the first president to visit Pakistan since 1969?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: While this process moved along, diplomacy continued its rounds.
Sent 2: Direct pressure on the Taliban had proved unsuccessful.
Sent 3: As one NSC staff note put it, \"Under the Taliban, Afghanistan is not so much a state sponsor of terrorism as it is a state sponsored by terrorists.\"
Sent 4: In early 2000, the United States began a high-level effort to persuade Pakistan to use its influence over the Taliban.
Sent 5: In January 2000, Assistant Secretary of State Karl Inderfurth and the State Department's counterterrorism coordinator, Michael Sheehan, met with General Musharraf in Islamabad, dangling before him the possibility of a presidential visit in March as a reward for Pakistani cooperation.
Sent 6: Such a visit was coveted by Musharraf, partly as a sign of his government's legitimacy.
Sent 7: He told the two envoys that he would meet with Mullah Omar and press him on Bin Laden.
Sent 8: They left, however, reporting to Washington that Pakistan was unlikely in fact to do anything,\" given what it sees as the benefits of Taliban control of Afghanistan.\"
Sent 9: President Clinton was scheduled to travel to India.
Sent 10: The State Department felt that he should not visit India without also visiting Pakistan.
Sent 11: The Secret Service and the CIA, however, warned in the strongest terms that visiting Pakistan would risk the President's life.
Sent 12: Counterterrorism officials also argued that Pakistan had not done enough to merit a presidential visit.
Sent 13: But President Clinton insisted on including Pakistan in the itinerary for his trip to South Asia.
Sent 14: His one-day stopover on March 25, 2000, was the first time a U.S. president had been there since 1969.
Sent 15: At his meeting with Musharraf and others, President Clinton concentrated on tensions between Pakistan and India and the dangers of nuclear proliferation, but also discussed Bin Laden.
Sent 16: President Clinton told us that when he pulled Musharraf aside for a brief, one-on-one meeting, he pleaded with the general for help regarding Bin Laden.\"
Sent 17: I offered him the moon when I went to see him, in terms of better relations with the United States, if he'd help us get Bin Laden and deal with another issue or two.\"
Sent 18: The U.S. effort continued", "answer groups": ["President Clinton", "Bill Clinton"], "distractor groups": ["Barack Obama", "George Bush", "George W. Bush"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What will happen to oil and why?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Imagine a glass of your favorite drink that never became empty.
Sent 2: Now think about what really happens.
Sent 3: You take a drink and there is less in the glass.
Sent 4: You keep drinking and soon it is all gone.
Sent 5: Good thing you have more to refill your glass.
Sent 6: What if there would never be any more of your favorite drink.
Sent 7: What would you do?
Sent 8: Now you know the difference between renewable and non-renewable.
Sent 9: Its too bad that many things here on Earth will run out.
Sent 10: This includes some of our natural resources we depend on.
Sent 11: Things like oil will not last forever.
Sent 12: There is a limited supply.
Sent 13: Someday, we will run out, so then what?
Sent 14: At current rates of use, coal will last about 300 years.
Sent 15: Petroleum will be used up in just a few decades", "answer groups": ["It will run out because its nonrenewable", "It will run out because there is a limited amount", "Oil will not last forever since there is a limited supply"], "distractor groups": ["It will run out because it is renewable", "It will last forever"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where did Kilgore graduate from in 1975?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Catherine V. \"Ginny\" Kilgore of Oxford, an attorney with North Mississippi Rural Legal Services, has been recognized for her dedication to serving the indigent.
Sent 2: Kilgore - who oversees delivering legal services to the disabled and elderly in 39 north Mississippi counties - is recipient of the University of Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award.
Sent 3: The award was announced recently at a dinne r, held in Kilgore's honor and hosted by law school Dean Samuel M. Davis, who presented her with an engraved plaque.
Sent 4: \"Ginny Kilgore is a public servant in the truest sense,\" said Davis.
Sent 5: \"Her selection continues the tradition of this award in recognizing those who have labored in the trenches, with little or no compensation but with great professional and personal satisfaction in helping to bring justice and equality to those who need it most.\"
Sent 6: \"This award means a great deal to me,\" Kilgore said, pointing to others so honored.
Sent 7: \"The work of those who received the award before me has been so important; I feel very honored.\"
Sent 8: After earning bachelor's and master's degrees in education and a few years teaching, Kilgore enrolled at the UM law school.
Sent 9: Upon graduation in 1975, she entered private law practice in Oxford, joining NMRLS in 1978.
Sent 10: Since then, she has earned promotions from managing attorney, senior attorney, then director of the Council on Aging project.
Sent 11: Since 1990, she has worked in the Administrative Law Unit and Resource Development, and directed the Elder Law Project, serving the northern half of the state.
Sent 12: She also is an adjunct professor in the UM law school's Civil Law Clinic.
Sent 13: She held a similar post a few years ago in the school's Elder Law Clinic.
Sent 14: Kilgore says she's found her niche.
Sent 15: \"I've always thought it was important to do work to help people.
Sent 16: I really enjoy it.
Sent 17: The issues I've dealt with through the years have been on the side of helping people maintain the basics of life - home, healt h care, jobs and family.\"
Sent 18: She says her desire to serve others was sparked early, growing up in a single-parent home, aware that her widowed mother faced certain challenges as she supported her four children through public school and college", "answer groups": ["UM", "University of Mississippi", "UM law school"], "distractor groups": ["MIT", "University of Oxford", "LSU", "TM Law School", "Oxford", "Harvard", "Yale"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why was Katherine unsuccessful in representing herself?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Lash is associate dean at the University of Southern California Law School.
Sent 2: Johnson is a justice on California's Second District Court of Appeal.
Sent 3: Lash and Johnson are co-chairs of the California Commission on Access to Justice.
Sent 4: The full report can be viewed at (www.calbar.org).
Sent 5: In her year-long odyssey through the California justice system, Katherine, a 35-year-old single mother with three children, experienced failure at every turn.
Sent 6: Leaving her abusive husband, she moved into the only apartment she could afford, and soon discovered a broken toilet and non- working oven, rats and roaches, and a fourthfloor landing with no railing.
Sent 7: She began withholding rent pending repairs her landlord refused to make, but then her Medi-Cal benefits were cut off when she could not provide rent receipts.
Sent 8: She lost health care for her children and herself, although she is a borderline diabetic in need of medication and her children were suffering from rat bites.
Sent 9: Katherine tried to seek help through the courts.
Sent 10: Representing herself at an administrative hearing, she lost her appeal to restore Medi-Cal benefits because she did not have proper documentation of the rent account.
Sent 11: When she went to a courthouse to file a complaint against her landlord, she found the process so confusing that she gave up and went home.
Sent 12: According to \"The Path to Justice: A Five-Year Status Report on Access to Justice in California,\" prepared by the California Commission on Access to Justice, Katherine is just one of 4.6 million poor Californians whose basic civil legal needs -- often involving such critical needs as housing, health care, education, employment, safety and transportation -- are not being addressed.
Sent 13: California has a critical dearth of legal services for the poor, and, as this report makes clear, it is imperative that the state join with the federal government and private funders to increase resources so that all Californians, regardless of income, have equal access to our justice system.
Sent 14: Our justice system is predicated on the assumption that both parties will be represented by lawyers who act as gatekeepers and guides through a complex legal system that would otherwise be inaccessible to many of us.
Sent 15: Unfortunately, the most vulnerable members of our society are the least able to afford legal services.
Sent 16: California does have a strong network of legal aid organizations that try to help meet the needs of the poor, but there's just one legal aid lawyer available per 10,000 poor people.
Sent 17: We may promise \"justice for all,\" but for those who can't afford a lawyer, that promise is often a lie.
Sent 18: In its new report, the Commission on Access to Justice notes some significant steps toward providing equal access to justice for all Californians", "answer groups": ["The legal system was too confusing", "She found the process so confusing that she gave up", "She did not produce the proper documents"], "distractor groups": ["She didn't know the case", "She had no money", "She didn't have a car", "She couldn't read"]}, {"question": " County Street?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Representing yourself in court can be a tricky endeavor.
Sent 2: There are confusing legal terms to learn, strict procedures to follow and volumes of case law that often need to be understood to prepare a case.
Sent 3: Lake County officials and a private agency that assists indigent litigants in Illinois want to make the practice easier by creating a self-help center for people who choose to represent themselves in legal matters.
Sent 4: The center, which will be housed in the law library at the main courthouse in Waukegan, could open later this summer.
Sent 5: \"I think it's going to be extremely helpful,\" Court Administrator Bob Zastany said.
Sent 6: \"There is a population out there that will take advantage of this resource.\"
Sent 7: The self-help center will be the only one of its kind in the county.
Sent 8: Only a few operate nationwide, officials said.
Sent 9: The project is the work of Lake County circuit court officials and Prairie State Legal Services, a statewide agency with an office in Waukegan that provides information and legal assistance to poor and elderly Illinois residents.
Sent 10: The organization has received a 25,000 grant from the Illinois Equal Justice Foundation, a nonprofit group that funds programs designed to increase access to legal information and assistance, to help pay for the effort.
Sent 11: Prairie State will share the money with the county.
Sent 12: The county's law library is on the first floor of the governmental center at 18 N. County St. The new self-help center will be designed to help litigants find the information they need to properly represent themselves in court, an undertaking that can be complicated and confusing.
Sent 13: \"Some people can do OK on their own, and some people can do OK with some help,\" said Linda Rothnagel, the managing attorney for Prairie State Legal Services.
Sent 14: \"But other people can't do it.
Sent 15: It's not always easy.\"
Sent 16: Self-representation is a right affirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Sent 17: The practice is far more common in civil matters than in criminal cases.
Sent 18: In fact, self-represented litigants - formally called \"pro se\" in Latin, or \"for oneself\" - in criminal defenses are so rare that statistics about the practice generally are not kept, legal experts say.
: Who is creating the self-help center which will be housed in the law library at 18 N", "answer groups": ["Lake County officials and a private agency", "An independent agency that helps the indigent as well as the officials of Lake County", "Lake County officials and a private agency that assists indigent litigants in Illinois called Prairie Legal Services"], "distractor groups": ["Illinois Equal Justice Foundation", "Law library", "A private agency that helps wealthy litigants and Lake Community College officials", "U.S. Supreme Court", "Lake County officials"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: In what parts of UM law school has she worked?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Catherine V. \"Ginny\" Kilgore of Oxford, an attorney with North Mississippi Rural Legal Services, has been recognized for her dedication to serving the indigent.
Sent 2: Kilgore - who oversees delivering legal services to the disabled and elderly in 39 north Mississippi counties - is recipient of the University of Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award.
Sent 3: The award was announced recently at a dinne r, held in Kilgore's honor and hosted by law school Dean Samuel M. Davis, who presented her with an engraved plaque.
Sent 4: \"Ginny Kilgore is a public servant in the truest sense,\" said Davis.
Sent 5: \"Her selection continues the tradition of this award in recognizing those who have labored in the trenches, with little or no compensation but with great professional and personal satisfaction in helping to bring justice and equality to those who need it most.\"
Sent 6: \"This award means a great deal to me,\" Kilgore said, pointing to others so honored.
Sent 7: \"The work of those who received the award before me has been so important; I feel very honored.\"
Sent 8: After earning bachelor's and master's degrees in education and a few years teaching, Kilgore enrolled at the UM law school.
Sent 9: Upon graduation in 1975, she entered private law practice in Oxford, joining NMRLS in 1978.
Sent 10: Since then, she has earned promotions from managing attorney, senior attorney, then director of the Council on Aging project.
Sent 11: Since 1990, she has worked in the Administrative Law Unit and Resource Development, and directed the Elder Law Project, serving the northern half of the state.
Sent 12: She also is an adjunct professor in the UM law school's Civil Law Clinic.
Sent 13: She held a similar post a few years ago in the school's Elder Law Clinic.
Sent 14: Kilgore says she's found her niche.
Sent 15: \"I've always thought it was important to do work to help people.
Sent 16: I really enjoy it.
Sent 17: The issues I've dealt with through the years have been on the side of helping people maintain the basics of life - home, healt h care, jobs and family.\"
Sent 18: She says her desire to serve others was sparked early, growing up in a single-parent home, aware that her widowed mother faced certain challenges as she supported her four children through public school and college", "answer groups": ["The elder law clinic and the civic law clinic", "Administrative Law Unit and Resource Development, Civic Law Clinic, and Elder Law clinic", "Civil Law Clinic"], "distractor groups": ["Arbitration Law Clinic", "Business Law", "Criminal Law Clinic", "Bankruptcy Law", "Criminal Law", "Human Rights Law Clinic"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who was the tennis player that lost to Jo-Wilfried Tsonga?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (CNN) -- Jo-Wilfried Tsonga ended Roger Federer's hopes of winning a record-equaling seventh Wimbledon title on Wednesday as the French 12th seed staged a stunning fightback to reach the semifinals.
Sent 2: Federer appeared to be cruising into the last four after winning the first two sets, but Tsonga inflicted the Swiss world No. 3's first defeat from that vantage point in 179 grand slam matches.
Sent 3: It was only the third time in the 29-year-old's glittering career that the 16-time grand slam champion had surrendered a two-set lead.
Sent 4: Tsonga, ranked 19th in the world, triumphed 3-6 6-7 (3-7) 6-4 6-4 6-4 on Centre Court, serving out to love as he earned a clash with second seed Novak Djokovic.
Sent 5: The Serbian, who beat Tsonga in the 2008 Australian Open final, ended the dream run of Australian 18-year-old Bernard Tomic.
Sent 6: Tsonga defeated Federer for just the second time in six meetings, their first on grass.
Sent 7: \"It was amazing.
Sent 8: I played unbelievable.
Sent 9: It's never easy to come back against Roger.
Sent 10: I'm so happy, it's crazy,\" the 26-year-old told reporters after reaching the semifinals at Wimbledon for the first time.
Sent 11: \"He's the biggest champion in the sport.
Sent 12: He has achieved so much and is the best player in the world.
Sent 13: To be two sets down and come back was unbelievable.
Sent 14: I served really well.
Sent 15: Against Djokovic I will have to come out and do the same again.\"
Sent 16: Federer has now lost in the quarterfinals two years in a row, being beaten by eventual runner-up Tomas Berdych in 2010.
Sent 17: \"Jo played great.
Sent 18: Really from start to finish I don't remember seeing a break point after I broke him in the first game,\" Federer said", "answer groups": ["Federer", "Roger Federer"], "distractor groups": ["Bernard Tomic", "Djokovic"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did nine families claim Alamo Hills Apartments failed to protect?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Nine families displaced by a fire at Alamo Hills Apartments in March filed lawsuits Wednesday against the apartment complex.
Sent 2: They allege that the complex could have done more to protect belongings they were forced to abandon in the aftermath of the blaze.
Sent 3: Bernard Dempsey Jr., an attorney with Western Michigan Legal Services, the group that represents the tenants, said Alamo Hills gave the displaced families very limited opportunity to remove belongings.
Sent 4: \"They were given three days to get their stuff out, and if they couldn't get moved out in three days, their stuff was discarded,\" Dempsey said.
Sent 5: \"Alamo Hills just threw it out.\"
Sent 6: Others, he said, lost possessions to looters after the March 23 blaze, which left 78 people temporarily homeless.
Sent 7: According to the lawsuit, the tenants were prohibited from entering their apartments to retrieve possessions and were promised that the complex would provide security.
Sent 8: A spokesperson for PM One, the company that manages Alamo Hills, could not be reached for comment.
Sent 9: Nine separate suits were filed in 8th District Court, which handles civil claims of less than 25,000.
Sent 10: \"We're asking for the reimbursement of the value of their property and a small amount for stress -- 3,000 on top of their out-of-pocket expenses for their lost stuff,\" Dempsey said.
Sent 11: \"They're not looking to get rich off this.
Sent 12: A lot of this is simply because they were treated so badly.\"
Sent 13: Dempsey said most of the tenants who filed suits still live at the apartment complex, although many are trying to find homes elsewhere.
Sent 14: \"The new apartments (they were provided) were not in very good shape.
Sent 15: That's actually one of the claims,\" he said", "answer groups": ["They allege that the complex could have done more to protect belongings they were forced to abandon in the aftermath of the blaze", "Their belongings"], "distractor groups": ["Their apartments", "Lost possessions to looters after the March 23 blaze, which left 78 people temporarily homeless"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What ended the pledge of eternal peace with England?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: To protect its seagoing interests and trade routes, Portugal established strategic garrisons in Goa (India), Malacca (East Indies), and Hormuz in the Persian Gulf.
Sent 2: Portuguese explorers then embarked upon Macau (now Macao), the Congo, and various other parts of Africa, including the Sudan.
Sent 3: The Portuguese policy was to avoid armed strife and to develop a trade empire, rather than to conquer nations.
Sent 4: To this end it succeeded with relatively few blood-soaked episodes in its colonial history.
Sent 5: Adventures abroad, however, proved disastrous during the second half of the 16th century.
Sent 6: In 1557 the 14-year-old boy-king Sebasti\u00e3o ascended the throne, the beginning of a calamitous reign that was to end at the battle of Alcacer-Quiber (Morocco) in pursuit of a vain crusade.
Sent 7: Sebasti\u00e3o's untimely demise, alongside some 18,000 ill-prepared, badly led followers, set the stage for a crisis of succession.
Sent 8: For many years afterwards, legends and rumors bizarrely insisted that the king was still alive, and imposters turned up from time to time claiming the throne; those who were plausible enough to be deemed a threat were summarily executed.
Sent 9: In fact, the only rightful claimant to the crown was the elderly Prince Henry.
Sent 10: But after two years of alternating between the throne and his sickbed, he died, heirless.
Sent 11: Surveying the situation and smelling an opportunity, Spain occupied the power vacuum, and Portugal's neighbor and long-time antagonist became its master.
Sent 12: Spanish rule dictated Portugal's inadvertent involvement in Spain's ongoing wars.
Sent 13: In 1587 a squadron of British ships commanded by Francis Drake attacked the Algarve (now a \"legitimate target\" as Spanish territory) and sacked Sagres, thus depriving the world of the relics of Henry the Navigator.
Sent 14: Nine years later Faro was torched.
Sent 15: The 1386 Treaty of Windsor, by which Britain and Portugal had pledged eternal friendship, seemed a distant memory.
Sent 16: Portugal's empire was gradually eroded, and many of its trading posts (with the notable exception of Brazil) were picked off by the British and Dutch.
Sent 17: Finally, after 60 years of Spanish rule, Portuguese noblemen (aided by the French, then at war with Spain) organized a palace coup and restored independence.
Sent 18: The Great Disaster Portugal's greatest misfortune struck on All Saint's Day, 1 November 1755", "answer groups": ["Spain's new involvement with Portugal caused Portugal to become enmeshed in Spain's war with Britain and the British attached Portugal", "Treaty of Windsor"], "distractor groups": ["Prince Henry", "Treaty of Portugal", "The Great Disaster"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What happens to atoms during nuclear fusion?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The center of an atom is held together by powerful forces.
Sent 2: This gives them a huge amount of stored energy.
Sent 3: This type of energy is called nuclear energy.
Sent 4: This energy can be released and used to do work.
Sent 5: This happens in nuclear power plants where they split apart the nucleus of an atom.
Sent 6: This splitting apart is called nuclear fission.
Sent 7: Another type of nuclear energy happens in the Sun.
Sent 8: Here the atoms nuclei are not split apart.
Sent 9: Instead, the nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together.
Sent 10: This process is called nuclear fusion.
Sent 11: Some of the suns energy travels to Earth.
Sent 12: This energy from nuclear fusion warms the planet and provides the energy for photosynthesis", "answer groups": ["Nuclei are fused together", "They are fused or joined together.", "The nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together"], "distractor groups": ["Electric energy", "Neutrons break apart", "The atoms nuclei are split apart", "Photosynthesis", "Electrons are spit out"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: After stacking up on his side of the table, Tom shoots the balls, but Jerry hangs onto what?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: { { Plot } } Tom plays pool in a deserted pool hall , pocketing two balls by lowdown means and then wakes Jerry up by shooting the 10-ball into the pocket where he is sleeping .
Sent 2: Jerry awakes just in time to avoid the 10-ball and is carried out to the ball return , where the 10 and the 13 smash the mouse between each other .
Sent 3: Jerry is mad and walks up through the pocket , first sees nothing , but after a few steps back to the pocket , he spots Tom perched behind it .
Sent 4: Jerry tries to jump into another corner pocket , but Tom aims a cue ball with so much force that it roll's into the pocket , and spins back out of it and it rolls Jerry backwards to Tom , who has made a ramp with his cue stick for the mouse to slide up .
Sent 5: Jerry stops at the top of the stick and is then blown down by Tom , who then shoots a stream of balls to make the mouse flat .
Sent 6: The whole train rebounds back towards the cat and the balls stack up at Tom's end of the table .
Sent 7: Tom shoots all the balls in succession with his cue , and then tries to shoot Jerry , but the mouse hangs onto the cue tip .
Sent 8: The cat , as if he were saying `` Have it your way '' , chalks up and shoots the 8-ball using Jerry .
Sent 9: The mouse drops off the cue tip and then is upended by the 8-ball rolling in circles , and Tom forces Jerry to jump through the ball rack as if he were a circus performer .
Sent 10: Tom then sets it on fire to add an additional level of torment , and when Jerry accomplishes this with poise , Tom discards the flaming rack and shoots the 8-ball across the table and back ", "answer groups": ["Cue Tip", "The cue stick tip"], "distractor groups": ["Cue Ball"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How are all the atoms of gold alike?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["They all contain 79 protons", "All gold atoms have the same structure and properties", "All atoms within gold have the same structure and properties regardless of their physical shape"], "distractor groups": ["They all make up gold", "They all contain 80 protons"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why are atoms in one element different from those in another element?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: An atom is the very smallest particle that still the elements properties.
Sent 2: All the atoms of an element are alike.
Sent 3: They are also different from the atoms of all other elements.
Sent 4: For example, atoms of gold are always the same.
Sent 5: It does not matter if they are found in a gold nugget or a gold ring.
Sent 6: All gold atoms have the same structure and properties.
Sent 7: For example, all gold atoms contain 79 protons.
Sent 8: One of golds unique properties is that it is a great conductor of electricity.
Sent 9: Gold is a better conductor of electricity than copper.
Sent 10: Gold is more rare and expensive than copper.
Sent 11: Copper is used in house wiring.
Sent 12: Gold is far too expensive", "answer groups": ["Atoms are the smallest units that contain elemental properties therefore, all atoms within one element are expressly alike to each other but different from those of another element", "This question is not answered in the text", "Atoms are what create different properties in an element"], "distractor groups": ["Atoms are all the same"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How did Joey meet the poodle and what kind of relationship did he have with it?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Joey got a German Shepherd for his birthday present.
Sent 2: He had never had any pets before, but was always excited to see the other dogs and cats in his neighborhood.
Sent 3: Since his birthday was in June, he spent a lot of time playing outside with his new puppy, which he named Max.
Sent 4: Max and Joey would often run through fields in a game of chase.
Sent 5: They also liked to go through the small forest behind the house, making a game of hide and seek.
Sent 6: They never went near the lake because Joey was afraid of water.
Sent 7: One day, Max hid a little too well and Joey couldn't find him.
Sent 8: Joey spent the afternoon looking for his German Shepherd where they often played, like the field and forest.
Sent 9: Joey was a shy boy who often read by himself, and Max was his best friend.
Sent 10: After dinner, he went to look for Max one last time before he had to take a bath and go to bed.
Sent 11: He heard some barking on the next street, so he ran to see if it was his puppy.
Sent 12: Sure enough, he saw Max playing with a poodle.
Sent 13: The dogs were having so much fun.
Sent 14: Joey brought Max home, happy that he had his puppy back.
Sent 15: Max seemed to be happy to have his human by his side as well as a new doggy friend.
Sent 16: All summer long, Joey took Max to the poodle's house so they could play without having to worry about losing his present", "answer groups": ["Max was playing with the poodle", "Joey met the poodle when he found Max playing with it. Joey was happy Max had found a new friend for them and they went and played together"], "distractor groups": ["Max was eating the poodle"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What waste material do our cells release into the atmosphere?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You just got done with a long run.
Sent 2: You are gasping for air.
Sent 3: Why does your body react this way?
Sent 4: What is the purpose of breathing?
Sent 5: All the cells of your body need oxygen to work properly.
Sent 6: Your bodys circulatory system works with the respiratory system to deliver the oxygen.
Sent 7: Your blood carries red blood cells.
Sent 8: The main job of red blood cells is to carry oxygen throughout your body.
Sent 9: The red blood cells get oxygen in the lungs.
Sent 10: The lungs are the main organs of the respiratory system.
Sent 11: The respiratory system is the body system that takes in oxygen.
Sent 12: It then releases carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere.
Sent 13: The carbon dioxide is the waste material from the cells", "answer groups": ["Carbon dioxide", "CO2"], "distractor groups": ["Oxygen", "Air", "O2"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: After her undergraduate and post-graduate degrees, where did Kilgore attend law school?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Catherine V. \"Ginny\" Kilgore of Oxford, an attorney with North Mississippi Rural Legal Services, has been recognized for her dedication to serving the indigent.
Sent 2: Kilgore - who oversees delivering legal services to the disabled and elderly in 39 north Mississippi counties - is recipient of the University of Mississippi School of Law's 2002 Public Service Award.
Sent 3: The award was announced recently at a dinne r, held in Kilgore's honor and hosted by law school Dean Samuel M. Davis, who presented her with an engraved plaque.
Sent 4: \"Ginny Kilgore is a public servant in the truest sense,\" said Davis.
Sent 5: \"Her selection continues the tradition of this award in recognizing those who have labored in the trenches, with little or no compensation but with great professional and personal satisfaction in helping to bring justice and equality to those who need it most.\"
Sent 6: \"This award means a great deal to me,\" Kilgore said, pointing to others so honored.
Sent 7: \"The work of those who received the award before me has been so important; I feel very honored.\"
Sent 8: After earning bachelor's and master's degrees in education and a few years teaching, Kilgore enrolled at the UM law school.
Sent 9: Upon graduation in 1975, she entered private law practice in Oxford, joining NMRLS in 1978.
Sent 10: Since then, she has earned promotions from managing attorney, senior attorney, then director of the Council on Aging project.
Sent 11: Since 1990, she has worked in the Administrative Law Unit and Resource Development, and directed the Elder Law Project, serving the northern half of the state.
Sent 12: She also is an adjunct professor in the UM law school's Civil Law Clinic.
Sent 13: She held a similar post a few years ago in the school's Elder Law Clinic.
Sent 14: Kilgore says she's found her niche.
Sent 15: \"I've always thought it was important to do work to help people.
Sent 16: I really enjoy it.
Sent 17: The issues I've dealt with through the years have been on the side of helping people maintain the basics of life - home, healt h care, jobs and family.\"
Sent 18: She says her desire to serve others was sparked early, growing up in a single-parent home, aware that her widowed mother faced certain challenges as she supported her four children through public school and college", "answer groups": ["UM Law School", "UM", "University of Mississippi"], "distractor groups": ["MM Law School", "Yale", "VM Law School", "Oxford Law School", "MIT", "LSU", "Harvard"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Where did the people live and what happened to the landscape over the years?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The inhabited history of the Las Vegas Valley stretches to 23,000 b.c.
Sent 2: , when much of the area was covered by a prehistoric lake.
Sent 3: During this period, the indigenous people lived in caves, hunting the mammals that gathered at the shoreline.
Sent 4: The landscape of the valley changed dramatically over the next 200 centuries.
Sent 5: The glaciers feeding the lake melted away and the lake evaporated.
Sent 6: Fossils tell an obscure story of man's slow and sporadic development.
Sent 7: Around 3000 b.c.
Sent 8: , native Archaic Indians began to develop a lasting hunting and gathering culture.
Sent 9: By this time, the valley was in much the same geographic state as it exists in today, with one exception\u2002\u2014\u2002the presence of artesian springs that bubbled to the surface in several areas.
Sent 10: These springs fed a network of streams draining through the Las Vegas Wash to the Colorado River.
Sent 11: The areas surrounding the springs were desert oases: sprawling collections of grasses, trees, and wildlife.
Sent 12: Many springs lay in areas that would eventually become the center of the modern Las Vegas metropolis.
Sent 13: For about 4000 years, the Archaics thrived in a culture that included many signs of early civilization.
Sent 14: Signs of even more advancement appeared halfway through the first millennium a.d.
Sent 15: , when the Anasazi Indians inhabited the valley.
Sent 16: Far more progressive than the Archaics, the Anasazi utilized such formal agricultural techniques as irrigation to assist their harvest.
Sent 17: This permitted the Anasazi to achieve a benchmark of advanced society\u2002\u2014\u2002the ability to live in permanent shelters year-round without need to follow wildlife.
Sent 18: Mysteriously, the Anasazi vanished from the valley around a.d", "answer groups": ["The people lived in caves, hunting the mammals that gathered at the shoreline.Over the years the glaciers melted and the lake evaporated", "Caves", "In caves, changed dramatically"], "distractor groups": ["Desert regions", "In permanent shelters, utilized for formal agriculture", "New lakes discovered"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who are the financial providers contributing to Bush's campaign, claimed by Palast?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The film starts with a brief pre-title clip from presenter Greg Palast s aborted interview with Florida Director of Elections Clayton Roberts , who walks out .
Sent 2: Palast introduces George W. Bush with particular reference to his popular image as a war hero cemented in the public mind by his landing on the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln for the 2003 Mission Accomplished Speech .
Sent 3: However Palast alleges that Bush used his father s influence to gain a draft-dodging placement with the Texas Air National Guard Which he subsequently failed to serve .
Sent 4: Palast picks up the story with Bush s 2000 US Presidential Election campaign where he claims Florida Governor Jeb Bush and Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris used their influence to purge and discount the ballots of predominantly Gore-supporting black voters through the fake felons list compiled by private company DBT/ChoicePoint for US 4 million .
Sent 5: Palast goes on to examine the corporate donors to Bush s election campaign , such as Enron CEO Ken Lay , who as members of Bush s pioneer network contributed huge sums through family and friends , and who he claims subsequently profited from the Bush presidency with senior government appointments , no-bid contracts , executive orders and deregulation .
Sent 6: Palast outlines what he refers to as the Bush-cycle , where Bush family members use money to gain political office and then use the office to gain even more money , dating back to Senator Prescott Bush who funded the family s entry into the oil business , citing the example of Bush s Harken Energy winning a contract to drill in the Persian Gulf thanks he alleges to Bush Snr s presidency ", "answer groups": ["Enron CEO", "Ken Lay", "Ken Lay and Prescott Bush", "Bush Family"], "distractor groups": ["Greg Palast", "The Trumps", "DBTVChoicePoint", "The Clintons", "Texas Air National Guard", "The Obamas"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are two things that make it tough for an aquatic plant to reproduce?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Do all plants live on the land?
Sent 2: Some plants do live in the water.
Sent 3: To do this, they have evolved special traits.
Sent 4: Plants that live in water are called aquatic plants.
Sent 5: Living in water has certain benefits.
Sent 6: There is certainly plenty of water!
Sent 7: The plant does not need special traits to absorb, transport, or conserve water.
Sent 8: They do not need a large root system.
Sent 9: They do not need a strong stem to hold up the plant.
Sent 10: The plant uses the water for support.
Sent 11: Dont think water plants have it easy, though.
Sent 12: They also face challenges.
Sent 13: Living in water isnt that easy.
Sent 14: They do need some special traits to survive.
Sent 15: It is tough for the plant to reproduce.
Sent 16: Pollination by wind or animals cant happen under water.
Sent 17: Sunlight cannot reach very far beneath the waters surface.
Sent 18: Some aquatic plants have floating flowers and leaves", "answer groups": ["Pollination by wind or animals cant happen under water", "Pollination by wind or animals cannot happen under water, and sunlight cannot reach very far beneath the water's surface", "Pollination by wind or animals cant happen under water.Sunlight cannot reach very far beneath the waters surface"], "distractor groups": ["They have fruits and flowers inside water,", "Pollination is difficult to happen underwater, water doesn't have room to grow plants"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Are Utah Legal Services and the Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake well staffed?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Low-income domestic violence victims may find long-term legal help -- representation in divorces or child-custody disputes -- hard to come by, if two organizations now providing such help can't replace their lost funding.
Sent 2: The Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake and Utah Legal Services are already facing cutbacks after they were refused a federal grant of more than 450,000 in September.
Sent 3: The board overseeing the state Office of Crime Victim Reparations [CVR] has voted to deny a stopgap funding request from the two organizations.
Sent 4: While describing the request as a worthy cause, board members agreed Tuesday that funding divorces or custody disputes was outside their focus -- providing direct services for crime victims.
Sent 5: The 175,000 requested would have allowed the legal aid groups to maintain a skeleton staff to continue providing help beyond emergency protective orders for victims, completing existing cases and offering services in limited cases.
Sent 6: The groups also plan to enlist more pro bono attorneys through coordination with the Utah State Bar. \"We don't have a lot more options,\" said Anne Milne, executive director of Utah Legal Services, after learning of the CVR refusal Wednesday.
Sent 7: The organization has already lost some staff through attrition and has turned away some cases, she said.
Sent 8: Milne said she may ask the board overseeing her organization to give her until November to seek funding from additional sources.
Sent 9: Without additional funding, the outlook for longer-term legal help is unclear.
Sent 10: For two years, the groups had received 18-month civil legal assistance grants from the U.S. Department of Justice and had used them to provide such assistance.
Sent 11: But last month, a third request was denied.
Sent 12: Funding used to help victims obtain emergency protective orders remains in place, said Milne and Stewart Ralphs, executive director of the Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake.
Sent 13: Although an order's requirements that an abuser stay away from a victim may remain in effect for years, protective orders only settle issues such as child custody, child support, custody and property arrangements for 150 days.
Sent 14: Many judges are reluctant to address those issues in emergency protective orders, since the decrees stay in effect for such a short time, Milne and Ralphs said.
Sent 15: \"The likelihood a victim will return to her abuser increases if she cannot permanently sever the relationship and establish workable support, custody and property arrangements,\" the funding request to CVR said.
Sent 16: The Department of Justice said it denied the grant application, in part, because evaluators did not see enough collaboration between the organizations and victims' advocates, Ralphs and Milne told CVR board members.
Sent 17: While the two said they believe their organizations coordinate well, the organizations cannot appeal the grant denial.
Sent 18: Although CVR board members considered giving the money as a loan, not a grant, their vote on the funding request -- taken after Milne and Ralphs left the meeting -- was unanimous", "answer groups": ["No they are losing staff due to cutbacks", "No they have a shortage", "No. They run on a skeleton crew of attrition and face cutbacks"], "distractor groups": ["They are well staffed but face lack of funding"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the two forms matter can exist in?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The properties of matter depend on the types of atoms that matter is made of.
Sent 2: Matter can exist in two forms.
Sent 3: It can be a pure substance.
Sent 4: This means it is not mixed with anything.
Sent 5: It can also be a combination of different substances.
Sent 6: This means it can be a mix of different types of atoms.
Sent 7: You may recall that atoms differ based on the numbers of protons they contain.
Sent 8: Some atoms contain only one proton such as Hydrogen.
Sent 9: Other atoms contain many protons.
Sent 10: There are many types of atoms.
Sent 11: For example, Helium has two protons.
Sent 12: An Oxygen atom has eight.
Sent 13: Water is composed of a two types of atoms.
Sent 14: Water is made of two Hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atoms.
Sent 15: There are only so many types of atoms.
Sent 16: These atoms can be mixed into an almost limitless amount of substances.
Sent 17: So what do we call a substance that has only a single type of atom", "answer groups": ["Pure", "Pure Substance & A Combination of Different Substances", "Mixture", "It can be a pure substance or It can also be a combination of different substances", "Combination of different substances"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals", "Atoms"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What target crossed into Washington Center's airspace at 9:10?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: According to the radar reconstruction, American 77 reemerged as a primary target on Indianapolis Center radar scopes at 9:05, east of its last known position.
Sent 2: The target remained in Indianapolis Center's airspace for another six minutes, then crossed into the western portion of Washington Center's airspace at 9:10.
Sent 3: As Indianapolis Center continued searching for the aircraft, two managers and the controller responsible for American 77 looked to the west and southwest along the flight's projected path, not east-where the aircraft was now heading.
Sent 4: Managers did not instruct other controllers at Indianapolis Center to turn on their primary radar coverage to join in the search for American 77.
Sent 5: In sum, Indianapolis Center never saw Flight 77 turn around.
Sent 6: By the time it reappeared in primary radar coverage, controllers had either stopped looking for the aircraft because they thought it had crashed or were looking toward the west.
Sent 7: Although the Command Center learned Flight 77 was missing, neither it nor FAA headquarters issued an all points bulletin to surrounding centers to search for primary radar targets.
Sent 8: American 77 traveled undetected for 36 minutes on a course heading due east for Washington, D.C. By 9:25, FAA's Herndon Command Center and FAA headquarters knew two aircraft had crashed into the World Trade Center.
Sent 9: They knew American 77 was lost.
Sent 10: At least some FAA officials in Boston Center and the New England Region knew that a hijacker on board American 11 had said \"we have some planes.\"
Sent 11: Concerns over the safety of other aircraft began to mount.
Sent 12: A manager at the Herndon Command Center asked FAA headquarters if they wanted to order a \"nationwide ground stop.\"
Sent 13: While this was being discussed by executives at FAA headquarters, the Command Center ordered one at 9:25.
Sent 14: The Command Center kept looking for American 77.
Sent 15: At 9:21, it advised the Dulles terminal control facility, and Dulles urged its controllers to look for primary targets.
Sent 16: At 9:32, they found one.
Sent 17: Several of the Dulles controllers \"observed a primary radar target tracking eastbound at a high rate of speed\" and notified Reagan National Airport.
Sent 18: FAA personnel at both Reagan National and Dulles airports notified the Secret Service", "answer groups": ["Airplane", "American Flight 77"], "distractor groups": ["Helicopter", "United 88"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What causes a species to disappear forever and could never be brought back?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: From a human point of view, a habitat is where you live.
Sent 2: It might be your city, town, or neighborhood.
Sent 3: Your habitat can be altered.
Sent 4: Most people move a few times in their lives.
Sent 5: But a plant cannot move.
Sent 6: An animal may not be suited to live in another area.
Sent 7: A habitat is the natural home or environment of an organism.
Sent 8: Humans often destroy the habitats of other organisms.
Sent 9: The loss of habitat can cause the extinction of species.
Sent 10: Extinction is when a species disappears forever.
Sent 11: Once a species is extinct, it can never be brought back.
Sent 12: Humans cause habitat destruction in many ways.
Sent 13: There are two common ways this happens.
Sent 14: Land may be cleared.
Sent 15: Another way is when an animal or plant is brought to an area where it does not belong", "answer groups": ["loss of habitat", "Extinction"], "distractor groups": ["habitat growth"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What bank was the potential acquisition and what quater was the loss associated with this reported?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: William C. Walbrecher Jr., an executive at San Francisco-based 1st Nationwide Bank, was named president and chief executive officer of Citadel Holding Corp. and its principal operating unit, Fidelity Federal Bank.
Sent 2: The appointment takes effect Nov. 13.
Sent 3: He succeeds James A. Taylor, who stepped down as chairman, president and chief executive in March for health reasons.
Sent 4: Edward L. Kane succeeded Mr. Taylor as chairman.
Sent 5: Separately, Citadel posted a third-quarter net loss of 2.3 million, or 68 cents a share, versus net income of 5.3 million, or 1.61 a share, a year earlier.
Sent 6: The latest results include some unusual write-downs, which had an after-tax impact of 4.9 million.
Sent 7: Those included costs associated with the potential Valley Federal Savings and Loan Association acquisition, which was terminated on Sept. 27, 1989.
Sent 8: In addition, operating results were hit by an increase in loan and real estate loss reserves.
Sent 9: In American Stock Exchange composite trading, Citadel shares closed yesterday at 45.75, down 25 cents", "answer groups": ["Valley Federal Savings and Loan Association, Quater Three", "Valley Federal Savings and Loan Association acquisition, 3rd quarter"], "distractor groups": ["San Francisco-based 1st Nationwide Bank, 1st quarter", "Nationwide Bank", "San Francisco-based 1st Nationwide Bank, 2nd quarter", "Citadel Holding Corp., 3rd quarter", "Valley Federal Savings and Loan Association, 1st Quarter"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: In which books did Tocqueville analyze living conditions?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Alexis-Charles-Henri Clerel de Tocqueville (French: [aleksi SaRl aRi kleRel d@ tokvil]; 29 July 1805 - 16 April 1859) was a French political thinker and historian best known for his works Democracy in America (appearing in two volumes: 1835 and 1840) and The Old Regime and the Revolution (1856).
Sent 2: In both of these, he analyzed the improved living standards and social conditions of individuals, as well as their relationship to the market and state in Western societies.
Sent 3: Democracy in America was published after Tocqueville's travels in the United States, and is today considered an early work of sociology and political science.
Sent 4: Tocqueville was active in French politics, first under the July Monarchy (1830-1848) and then during the Second Republic (1849-1851) which succeeded the February 1848 Revolution.
Sent 5: He retired from political life after Louis Napoleon Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup, and thereafter began work on The Old Regime and the Revolution.
Sent 6: He argued that the importance of the French Revolution was to continue the process of modernizing and centralizing the French state which had begun under King Louis XIV.
Sent 7: The failure of the Revolution came from the inexperience of the deputies who were too wedded to abstract Enlightenment ideals.
Sent 8: Tocqueville was a classical liberal who advocated parliamentary government, but was skeptical of the extremes of democracy", "answer groups": ["Democracy in America and The Old Regime and the Revolution", "Democracy in America"], "distractor groups": ["Democracy in the World", "Drug"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Willow trees create a special chemical that serves as what?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: When you get sick, your body springs to action.
Sent 2: Your body starts to fight the illness.
Sent 3: Thats why you want to eat right and get plenty of sleep.
Sent 4: You need a strong immune system to fight off illness.
Sent 5: Plants dont have an immune system.
Sent 6: That does not mean they do not get sick.
Sent 7: Plants are affected by disease just like us.
Sent 8: Typically, their first line of defense is the death of part of the plant.
Sent 9: This prevents the infection from spreading.
Sent 10: Many plants also produce special chemicals to fight disease.
Sent 11: For example, willow trees produce a chemical to kill the bacteria.
Sent 12: The same compound is used in many acne products.
Sent 13: You can see a picture of a willow tree in Figure Plants may be smarter than we think.
Sent 14: No, they cannot talk to each other.
Sent 15: They may be able to send messages, though", "answer groups": ["To kill the bacteria", "Compound in acne products", "To kill bacteria and as acne product"], "distractor groups": ["To growth of bacteria", "Anti-inflammatory medication", "Antidepressant", "Bacterial agent"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Contrast Tokugawa's attitude toward the British and Dutch traders and the Portuguese and Spanish missionaries.", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Tokugawa Takes All: When Hideyoshi died in 1598, he hoped to have his five-year-old son continue his \"dynasty,\" initially under the tutelage of five regents.
Sent 2: But one of the regents was Ieyasu Tokugawa, who had been biding his time at Edo for 12 years, nurturing dynastic ambitions of his own.
Sent 3: Of the cunning, ruthless triumvirate that came out on top at the end of the country's century of civil war, Tokugawa was without doubt the most patient, the most prudent\u2002\u2014\u2002and most treacherous.
Sent 4: He moved quickly to eliminate his strongest rivals, crushing them in 1600 at the great Battle of Sekigahara (near modern Nagoya).
Sent 5: During its subsequent two and a half centuries of rule from the new capital established at Edo, the Tokugawa organized a tightly controlled coalition of some 260 daimyo in strategic strongholds throughout the country.
Sent 6: The allegiance of this highly privileged and prestigious group was ensured by cementing their ethical principles in the code of bushido, \"The way of the warrior\": loyalty to one's master, defense of one's status and honor, and fulfillment of all obligations.
Sent 7: Loyalty was further enforced by holding the vassals' wives and children hostage in Edo.
Sent 8: All roads into Edo, the most famous being the Tokaido Highway, had checkpoints for guns coming in and for wives going out.
Sent 9: One of the most effective ways of keeping a tight rein on the country was to cut it off from the outside world, to keep Japan Japanese.
Sent 10: At first, Ieyasu Tokugawa was eager to promote foreign trade.
Sent 11: He wanted silk and encouraged the Dutch and British as good, nonproselytizing Protestants just interested in trade.
Sent 12: But he didn't like the Portuguese and Spanish Catholic missionaries, who he felt were undermining traditional Japanese values.
Sent 13: He banned their activities in 1612 and two years later ordered the expulsion of all missionaries and unrepentant Japanese converts.
Sent 14: Executions and torture followed.
Sent 15: Converts were forced to renounce their faith by trampling crucifixes and effigies of Jesus and Mary.
Sent 16: The Catholic Church has counted 3,125 martyrs in Japan from 1597 (beginning under Hideyoshi) to 1660.
Sent 17: In 1635 the Japanese were forbidden, on pain of death, to attempt to travel abroad, and Japanese citizens already overseas were prevented from returning, in case they brought back subversive Christian doctrines.
Sent 18: Western books were banned, as were Chinese books that mentioned Christianity", "answer groups": ["He encouraged the Dutch and British, but didn't like the Portuguese and Spanish missionaries", "He encouraged the traders but kicked out the missionaries", "He wanted to encourage non religious traders to promote foreign trade, but religious missionaries he believed were undermining Japanese values", "British and dutch traders were allowed, Portugese & Spanish missionaries were banned", "He was accepting of the British and Dutch, but not of the Portugese & Spanish"], "distractor groups": ["He liked the the Portuguese and Spanish missionaries, but didn't welcome the British and Dutch", "He banned the British and the Dutch first, then the Portugese and Spanish", "He attacked the traders and welcomes the missionaries to preach their religion", "He welcomes both groups into Japan", "He banned all of them"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which day of the week did Marsha meet her noodle friend?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Marsha loves playing with her noodle friend.
Sent 2: She had it for a long time so it is now a dark brown color.
Sent 3: When her mom first made it, it was white.
Sent 4: The night she met her noodle friend was spaghetti night.
Sent 5: Marsha's favorite dinner was spaghetti, which happened to be every Tuesday night.
Sent 6: On one Tuesday, a piece of spaghetti fell on the kitchen floor.
Sent 7: To Marsha, it looked like a stick man so she kept him.
Sent 8: She named her new noodle friend Joey and took him everywhere she went.
Sent 9: Sometimes Joey gets a little dried out so Marsha's mom told her to soak him in water every few days.
Sent 10: There were a couple times that the family dog, Mika, has tried to take Joey from Marsha and eat him!
Sent 11: So from now on, Marsha takes extra special care to make sure Joey is safe and sound at all times.
Sent 12: During the day she keeps him in a plastic bag in her pocket.
Sent 13: At night, she puts him under her pillow.
Sent 14: She loves Joey and wants to always be friends with him", "answer groups": ["Tuesday night", "Tuesday"], "distractor groups": ["Thursday", "Monday"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What does the Earth's surface consist of?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: What if you could drain all of Earths oceans?
Sent 2: What would it look like?
Sent 3: You might be really surprised.
Sent 4: You see that the surface has two main features.
Sent 5: It has continents and ocean basins.
Sent 6: Continents are large land areas.
Sent 7: These are the areas that are mostly above sea level.
Sent 8: Ocean basins extend from the edges of continents.
Sent 9: They include the ocean floor and Earths deep ocean trenches.
Sent 10: You will also notice the ocean floor is not flat.
Sent 11: It too has many Continents are much older than ocean basins.
Sent 12: Some rocks on the continents are billions of years old.
Sent 13: Ocean basins may only be millions of years old.
Sent 14: Because the continents are so old, a lot has happened to them!
Sent 15: As we view the land around us, we see landforms.
Sent 16: Landforms are physical features on Earths surface.
Sent 17: These features change over time, but how?
Sent 18: There are actually two types of forces at work", "answer groups": ["It has continents and ocean bases", "Two main features - Continents and Ocean Basins", "Landforms"], "distractor groups": ["There are basins and continents", "Ocean", "Continent", "Surface"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How many times were ships destroyed during the multiple conflicts between England and the Dutch?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Expansion quickly peaked however, and the European powers who had carved up the New World set about testing each other in dynastic conflicts and colonial rivalry.
Sent 2: The English were the main rivals of the Dutch on the high seas, and there were several wars between the two in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Sent 3: In 1665\u20131667 the Dutch sailed up the River Medway and sank the British fleet moored there.
Sent 4: The 18th century saw Amsterdam grow into the foremost financial center in the world, but the seeds of decline had already been planted.
Sent 5: When the English colonies in New England rose up in revolt against the British, they found ready Ailies in the Dutch.
Sent 6: From their colonies in the Caribbean they sent caches of arms and ammunition.
Sent 7: The British were furious and went to war in 1780, destroying the Dutch navy and signaling a sudden decline in power and influence from which the Netherlands never recovered.
Sent 8: Trade suffered to such an extent that in 1791 the VOC went into liquidation.
Sent 9: In the latter part of the century there were anti-Orange demonstrations by pro-French factions in the country, and in 1795 Napoleon Bonaparte took the Netherlands in his epic march across Europe.
Sent 10: Under the yoke of another foreign power, and with trade at an all time low, the Golden Age was truly dead.
Sent 11: The Return of the House of Orange Napoleon installed his brother Louis as King of Holland and he chose to take the fine Town Hall on Dam Square as his palace\u00a0\u2014\u00a0now the Koninklijk Palace.
Sent 12: But only four years later he fled the city after civil disturbances broke out when he raised taxes.
Sent 13: When Napoleon's bubble burst and French power began to wane, William of Orange emerged from exile and was proclaimed king in 1813.
Sent 14: Amsterdam had to work its way out of economic decline, but throughout the 19th century the city grew steadily.
Sent 15: Industrialization changed the city.
Sent 16: With the building of the Central Station at the end of the century, Amsterdam turned its back on its seafaring past and looked towards the mechanical age for its future.
Sent 17: The station was built over the old harbor wall and some of the oldest canals in the city center were filled in to allow better access to motorized vehicles.
Sent 18: Dam Square was landlocked for the first time in its history", "answer groups": ["The Dutch sank the British fleet in 17th century and the British sank Dutch navy in 18th century", "2", "Two times between 17th and 18th centuries"], "distractor groups": ["Three times in the 19th century", "6", "4", "8", "There were no ships sank in the British-Dutch wars"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do lines of longitude and latitude differ from one and another?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: How can you describe your location?
Sent 2: You might use a familiar system.
Sent 3: You might say, 'I live at 1234 Main Street, Springfield, Ohio.' You could also say, 'I live right behind the Elementary School.' This method uses the school as a point of reference.
Sent 4: Another example is, I am at the corner of Maple Street and Main Street. Both streets may be a good reference for anyone living in your town.
Sent 5: Scientists must be able to pinpoint a feature they are studying.
Sent 6: Scientists use a special system to describe locations.
Sent 7: They use latitude and longitude as a reference.
Sent 8: Lines of latitude and longitude form a grid.
Sent 9: You may have used a grid system while doing graphing.
Sent 10: This grid is centered on a reference point.
Sent 11: Zero latitude is the equator.
Sent 12: Lines of latitude run east to west.
Sent 13: They divide the Earth from North to South.
Sent 14: Lines of longitude run from north to south.
Sent 15: They divide the Earth from East to West.
Sent 16: Zero longitude runs through Greenwich, England.
Sent 17: You may have heard the term, Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT.
Sent 18: The system of latitude and longitude works well for objects that do not move", "answer groups": ["Longitudinal lines run North to South while latitudinal lines run East to West", "Lines of latitude run east to west and longitude is north to south"], "distractor groups": ["Lines of latitude run north to south, lines of longitude run from east to west", "Longitude is longer than latitude", "Latitude is two dimensional and longitude is three dimensional", "Lines of latitude run north to south and longitude runs east to west", "Latitude runs the length and longitude runs the width"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How are magnetic forces different from other forces?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Magnets are able to place a force on certain materials.
Sent 2: This force is called a magnetic force.
Sent 3: The force a magnet exerts is a little different from the forces you may normally think about.
Sent 4: You exert a force on a book when you lift it.
Sent 5: You also exert a force on the pedals of your bicycle.
Sent 6: In both those cases, those forces cause a change.
Sent 7: The change you see in both these cases is called motion.
Sent 8: Magnets, too, can produce change.
Sent 9: They can produce motion just like you do.
Sent 10: Unlike you, magnets do not have to touch something to exert a force.
Sent 11: A magnetic force is exerted over a distance.
Sent 12: Thats right, a magnet can push or pull certain items without ever touching them.
Sent 13: Thats how the maglev train works.
Sent 14: Do you know another type of force that does not require objects to touch?
Sent 15: These forces are known as non-contact forces.
Sent 16: Another type of non-contact force you may be familiar with is gravity.
Sent 17: Gravity too can cause changes in motion.
Sent 18: Gravity holds our moon in orbit without touching it", "answer groups": ["They produce force without touching", "Magnetic force can produce motion without actual contact with certain materials"], "distractor groups": ["Pretty much the same; the all use touching", "Other forces cause a change called motion", "Magnets produce force by touching"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What type of room did Rolfe examine?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Rolfe put down the little dog he had been holding, and went out into the hall.
Sent 2: The dog accompanied him, frisking about him in friendly fashion.
Sent 3: Rolfe first examined the bedroom that he had seen Inspector Chippenfield enter.
Sent 4: It was a small room, containing a double bed.
Sent 5: It was prettily furnished in white, with white curtains, and toilet-table articles in ivory to match.
Sent 6: A glance round the room convinced Rolfe that it was impossible for a man to secrete himself in it.
Sent 7: The door of the wardrobe had been flung open by the inspector, and the dresses and other articles of feminine apparel it contained flung out on the floor.
Sent 8: There was no other hiding-place possible, except beneath the bed, and the ruthless hand of the inspector had torn off the white muslin bed hangings, revealing emptiness underneath.
Sent 9: Rolfe went out into the hall again, and entered the room next the bedroom.
Sent 10: This apartment was apparently used as a dining-room, for it contained a large table, a few chairs, a small sideboard, a spirit-stand, a case of books and ornaments, and two small oak presses.
Sent 11: Plainly, there was no place in it where a man could hide himself.
Sent 12: The next room was the bathroom, which was also empty.
Sent 13: Opposite the bathroom was a small bedroom, very barely furnished, offering no possibility of concealment.
Sent 14: Then the passage opened into a large roomy kitchen, the full width of the rooms on both sides of the hall, and the kitchen completed the flat", "answer groups": ["Dining room", "Bedroom", "Bathroom", "Kitchen", "It was a small room, containing a double bed"], "distractor groups": ["Foyer", "Basement", "Nursery", "Guest room"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What did the small room look like?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Rolfe put down the little dog he had been holding, and went out into the hall.
Sent 2: The dog accompanied him, frisking about him in friendly fashion.
Sent 3: Rolfe first examined the bedroom that he had seen Inspector Chippenfield enter.
Sent 4: It was a small room, containing a double bed.
Sent 5: It was prettily furnished in white, with white curtains, and toilet-table articles in ivory to match.
Sent 6: A glance round the room convinced Rolfe that it was impossible for a man to secrete himself in it.
Sent 7: The door of the wardrobe had been flung open by the inspector, and the dresses and other articles of feminine apparel it contained flung out on the floor.
Sent 8: There was no other hiding-place possible, except beneath the bed, and the ruthless hand of the inspector had torn off the white muslin bed hangings, revealing emptiness underneath.
Sent 9: Rolfe went out into the hall again, and entered the room next the bedroom.
Sent 10: This apartment was apparently used as a dining-room, for it contained a large table, a few chairs, a small sideboard, a spirit-stand, a case of books and ornaments, and two small oak presses.
Sent 11: Plainly, there was no place in it where a man could hide himself.
Sent 12: The next room was the bathroom, which was also empty.
Sent 13: Opposite the bathroom was a small bedroom, very barely furnished, offering no possibility of concealment.
Sent 14: Then the passage opened into a large roomy kitchen, the full width of the rooms on both sides of the hall, and the kitchen completed the flat", "answer groups": ["It was prettily furnished in white, with white curtains, and toilet-table articles in ivory to match", "It was barely furnished"], "distractor groups": ["It was heavily furnished"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What two pieces of information does a vector provide?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Force is a vector.
Sent 2: What then is a vector?
Sent 3: Think about how you would give directions to a friend.
Sent 4: You would not say, just walk half a mile.
Sent 5: The person may walk a half mile in the wrong direction!
Sent 6: More information is needed.
Sent 7: You may say, follow this particular road for a half mile.
Sent 8: You may say, look for the green house on Sumter St. In both examples, you provided a direction.
Sent 9: You also gave the distance.
Sent 10: In other words, you provided a vector.
Sent 11: You did not just give a distance.
Sent 12: Both pieces of information are needed to find a location.
Sent 13: This is just like describing forces.
Sent 14: To explain forces, both size and direction are needed.
Sent 15: Notice the girl in Figure 1.1.
Sent 16: She is pushing the swing away from herself.
Sent 17: Thats the direction of the force.
Sent 18: She can give the swing a strong push or a weak push", "answer groups": ["Direction", "Distance", "Direction and distance"], "distractor groups": ["Direction and force", "Size", "Motion and distance", "Force and distance"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How does moving water make electricity?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Renewable Energy Resource Sunlight Sunlight can be used to heat homes.
Sent 2: It can also be used to produce electricity.
Sent 3: This conversion is made possible by solar cells.
Sent 4: However, solar energy may not always be practical.
Sent 5: Some areas are just too cloudy.
Sent 6: Example Solar panels on the roof of this house generate enough electricity to supply a familys needs.
Sent 7: Moving Water Falling water can have a lot of energy.
Sent 8: Its energy can be converted into kinetic energy.
Sent 9: This energy can turn a turbine and generate electricity.
Sent 10: The water may fall naturally over a waterfall or flow through a dam.
Sent 11: A drawback of dams is that they flood land upstream.
Sent 12: They can also reduce water flow downstream.
Sent 13: Either effect may harm ecosystems.
Sent 14: Wind Wind is moving air.
Sent 15: It has kinetic energy that can do work.
Sent 16: Wind turbines change the kinetic energy of the wind to electrical energy.
Sent 17: Only certain areas of the world get enough steady wind.
Sent 18: Many people also think that wind turbines are noisy and not very nice to look at", "answer groups": ["Falling water can have a lot of energy which can be converted into kinetic energy that turns a turbine and generates electricity", "Water can generate electricity by turning a turbine", "Water can move a turbine that generates power"], "distractor groups": ["Electricity can be made by taking the hydrogen out of moving water", "Electricity can be made by storing the water in batteries", "Water's energy can turn a turbine and magically result in electricity"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How is the center being created?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Representing yourself in court can be a tricky endeavor.
Sent 2: There are confusing legal terms to learn, strict procedures to follow and volumes of case law that often need to be understood to prepare a case.
Sent 3: Lake County officials and a private agency that assists indigent litigants in Illinois want to make the practice easier by creating a self-help center for people who choose to represent themselves in legal matters.
Sent 4: The center, which will be housed in the law library at the main courthouse in Waukegan, could open later this summer.
Sent 5: \"I think it's going to be extremely helpful,\" Court Administrator Bob Zastany said.
Sent 6: \"There is a population out there that will take advantage of this resource.\"
Sent 7: The self-help center will be the only one of its kind in the county.
Sent 8: Only a few operate nationwide, officials said.
Sent 9: The project is the work of Lake County circuit court officials and Prairie State Legal Services, a statewide agency with an office in Waukegan that provides information and legal assistance to poor and elderly Illinois residents.
Sent 10: The organization has received a 25,000 grant from the Illinois Equal Justice Foundation, a nonprofit group that funds programs designed to increase access to legal information and assistance, to help pay for the effort.
Sent 11: Prairie State will share the money with the county.
Sent 12: The county's law library is on the first floor of the governmental center at 18 N. County St. The new self-help center will be designed to help litigants find the information they need to properly represent themselves in court, an undertaking that can be complicated and confusing.
Sent 13: \"Some people can do OK on their own, and some people can do OK with some help,\" said Linda Rothnagel, the managing attorney for Prairie State Legal Services.
Sent 14: \"But other people can't do it.
Sent 15: It's not always easy.\"
Sent 16: Self-representation is a right affirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Sent 17: The practice is far more common in civil matters than in criminal cases.
Sent 18: In fact, self-represented litigants - formally called \"pro se\" in Latin, or \"for oneself\" - in criminal defenses are so rare that statistics about the practice generally are not kept, legal experts say", "answer groups": ["Through $25,000 grant from the Illinois Equal Justice Foundation", "In a joint effort between Lake County circuit court officials and Prairie State Legal Services [9] with a $25,000 grant from Equal Justice Foundation [10]", "With a grant from the Illinois Equal Justice Foundation"], "distractor groups": ["With a $30,000 grant from Lake County", "Law library", "Prairie State Legal Services", "With a grant from Prairie State Legal Services"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Which of the mentioned physical states most likely lack the property of hardness?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Physical properties include the state of matter.
Sent 2: We know these states as solid, liquid, or gas.
Sent 3: Properties can also include color and odor.
Sent 4: For example, oxygen is a gas.
Sent 5: It is a major part of the air we breathe.
Sent 6: It is colorless and odorless.
Sent 7: Chlorine is also a gas.
Sent 8: In contrast to oxygen, chlorine is greenish in color.
Sent 9: It has a strong, sharp odor.
Sent 10: Have you ever smelled cleaning products used around your home?
Sent 11: If so, you have probably smelled chlorine.
Sent 12: Another place you might smell chlorine is at a public swimming pool.
Sent 13: The chlorine is used to kill bacteria that may grow in the water.
Sent 14: Other physical properties include hardness, freezing, and boiling points.
Sent 15: Some substances have the ability to dissolve in other substances.
Sent 16: Some substances cannot be dissolved.
Sent 17: For example, salt easily dissolves in water.
Sent 18: Oil does not dissolve in water", "answer groups": ["liquid and gas", "Gas and Liquid"], "distractor groups": ["solid and gas"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: When a judge issues an emergency protective order is it long or short term and how many days does it cover?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Low-income domestic violence victims may find long-term legal help -- representation in divorces or child-custody disputes -- hard to come by, if two organizations now providing such help can't replace their lost funding.
Sent 2: The Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake and Utah Legal Services are already facing cutbacks after they were refused a federal grant of more than 450,000 in September.
Sent 3: The board overseeing the state Office of Crime Victim Reparations [CVR] has voted to deny a stopgap funding request from the two organizations.
Sent 4: While describing the request as a worthy cause, board members agreed Tuesday that funding divorces or custody disputes was outside their focus -- providing direct services for crime victims.
Sent 5: The 175,000 requested would have allowed the legal aid groups to maintain a skeleton staff to continue providing help beyond emergency protective orders for victims, completing existing cases and offering services in limited cases.
Sent 6: The groups also plan to enlist more pro bono attorneys through coordination with the Utah State Bar. \"We don't have a lot more options,\" said Anne Milne, executive director of Utah Legal Services, after learning of the CVR refusal Wednesday.
Sent 7: The organization has already lost some staff through attrition and has turned away some cases, she said.
Sent 8: Milne said she may ask the board overseeing her organization to give her until November to seek funding from additional sources.
Sent 9: Without additional funding, the outlook for longer-term legal help is unclear.
Sent 10: For two years, the groups had received 18-month civil legal assistance grants from the U.S. Department of Justice and had used them to provide such assistance.
Sent 11: But last month, a third request was denied.
Sent 12: Funding used to help victims obtain emergency protective orders remains in place, said Milne and Stewart Ralphs, executive director of the Legal Aid Society of Salt Lake.
Sent 13: Although an order's requirements that an abuser stay away from a victim may remain in effect for years, protective orders only settle issues such as child custody, child support, custody and property arrangements for 150 days.
Sent 14: Many judges are reluctant to address those issues in emergency protective orders, since the decrees stay in effect for such a short time, Milne and Ralphs said.
Sent 15: \"The likelihood a victim will return to her abuser increases if she cannot permanently sever the relationship and establish workable support, custody and property arrangements,\" the funding request to CVR said.
Sent 16: The Department of Justice said it denied the grant application, in part, because evaluators did not see enough collaboration between the organizations and victims' advocates, Ralphs and Milne told CVR board members.
Sent 17: While the two said they believe their organizations coordinate well, the organizations cannot appeal the grant denial.
Sent 18: Although CVR board members considered giving the money as a loan, not a grant, their vote on the funding request -- taken after Milne and Ralphs left the meeting -- was unanimous", "answer groups": ["Short term", "These are shorter orders and stay for 150 days", "Emergency protective orders are short term and it lasts for a 150 days"], "distractor groups": ["Emergency protective orders are long term"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What are the benefits of the earth's magnetic field?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Earths magnetic field helps protect Earth and its organisms.
Sent 2: It protects us from harmful particles given off by the sun.
Sent 3: Most of the particles are attracted to the north and south magnetic poles.
Sent 4: This is where Earths magnetic field is strongest.
Sent 5: This is also where relatively few organisms live.
Sent 6: Another benefit of Earths magnetic field is its use for navigation.
Sent 7: People use compasses to detect Earths magnetic north pole.
Sent 8: Knowing this helps them tell direction.
Sent 9: Many animals have natural 'compasses' that work just as well.
Sent 10: Birds like the garden warbler in Figure 1.36 use Earths magnetic field.
Sent 11: They use it to guide their annual migrations.
Sent 12: Recent research suggests that warblers and other migrating birds have structures in their eyes.
Sent 13: These structures let them see Earths magnetic field as a visual pattern", "answer groups": ["Helps protect Earth and its organisms", "Navigation", "Protects us from harmful particles given off by the sun", "Protects us from harmful particles from the sun and navigation"], "distractor groups": ["Helps protect Moon and its balance with Sun", "Absorbs antivirus codes from memory chips", "To cause gravity", "Visual pattern", "To allow for conduction", "Helps protect Sun and its interaction with Earth", "To give direction"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who's influence was so profound that eleven Chinese emperors made pilgrimages to his birthplace?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: In the rest of the world, China's supreme sage, Kongfuzi (K'ung Fu-tzu), is better known by the romanized name \"Confucius.\" He was born in 551 b.c.
Sent 2: in what is now Shandong Province in eastern China.
Sent 3: So profound was his influence that eleven Chinese emperors made pilgrimages to the birthplace of the Great Teacher.
Sent 4: You, too, can pay your respects at the vast temple raised on the site of his home in the small town of Qufu (Chufu), and at his tomb in the woods just to the north.
Sent 5: The classics of Confucius, while seldom addressing spiritual and metaphysical matters, set standards for social and political conduct that still underlie many of the Chinese ways of doing and perceiving.
Sent 6: Confucius laid great stress on the proper and harmonious relationships between ruler and subject, parent and child, teacher and student, the individual and the state.
Sent 7: These relationships were deemed to be hierarchical and dictatorial.
Sent 8: If the order was disturbed, dire consequences inevitably resulted.
Sent 9: The son who disobeyed the father would bring disaster upon himself and his family, just as the emperor who defied the \"mandate of heaven\" or ignored the good of the empire brought ruin upon the nation.
Sent 10: Over the centuries Confucius has suffered more changes of fortune than probably any other philosopher.
Sent 11: Honored soon after his death as the greatest of scholars, he was later revered as semi-divine; you can still visit temples to Confucius in many Chinese cities.
Sent 12: During the Cultural Revolution (1966\u20131976), however, he was denounced as a counter-revolutionary force.
Sent 13: It was only after the death of Chairman Mao (1976) and the opening of China to the outside world under more progressive reformers that Confucius, too, was \"rehabilitated.\" Unlike Confucius, about whose life many specific and even colorful details are known, the philosopher Laozi (Lao Tse or Lao-Tzu) is an enigma.
Sent 14: Estimates of his date of birth vary by well over a century.
Sent 15: One legend even says he taught the young Confucius.
Sent 16: Laozi is immortalized by his book of thoughts on man, nature, and the universe, Daodejing (\"The Way and Its Power\"), which became the major text of China's greatest indigenous religion, Daoism (Taoism).
Sent 17: With its emphasis on nature, intuition, the individual, paradox (\"The knowledge which is not knowledge\"), and the cosmic flow known as \"The Way,\" Daoism became the religion of artists and philosophers.
Sent 18: After the death of Confucius, the Zhou Dynasty entered a period of strife known as the \"Warring States\" period (475\u2013221 b.c.)", "answer groups": ["Kongfuzi (K\u00e2\u0080\u0099ung Fu-tzu)", "Confucius", "So profound was his influence that eleven Chinese emperors made pilgrimages to the birthplace of the Great Teacher, Confucius"], "distractor groups": ["Twenty-six Chinese emperors have visited his birthplace", "The Great Teacher"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why did Georgie participate in the cons and end up getting caught?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Dylan and Jez are two orphans who meet in their twenties and vow to achieve their shared childhood dream of living in a stately home .
Sent 2: In pursuit of this dream they spend their days living in a disused gas holder , spending as little money as possible and conning the upper classes out of their riches .
Sent 3: During one of their biggest cons , their lives are touched by Georgie , who needs money to save the Down's syndrome foundation that her brother attends .
Sent 4: When a con goes wrong , the two find themselves in gaol to be released only after their entire fortune is rendered useless because of a recall of 50 notes .
Sent 5: It is down to an elaborate plan involving Dylan , Jez and Georgie , to break them out of gaol in order to save their dream .
Sent 6: The film , in essence , is part Ealing comedy , part underdog farce with a sequence of madcap adventures set against a striking soundtrack by contemporary Britpop artists .
Sent 7: Unlike straight rom-coms or mainstream comedies of the period Shooting Fish contained a generous blending of fact and fantasy ", "answer groups": ["To save Down Syndrome foundation", "Georgie wanted to save the down syndrome center for a relative", "He was trying to fund a Down Syndrome foundation"], "distractor groups": ["To save Down Syndrome brother", "Georgie wanted to be rich"]}, {"question": "11?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Take a look at this train in Figure 1.11.
Sent 2: It looks very futuristic.
Sent 3: What do you notice about it?
Sent 4: Did you notice that the train has no wheels?
Sent 5: How can a train have no wheels?
Sent 6: It doesn't need wheels.
Sent 7: It actually floats, or levitates, just above the track.
Sent 8: Magnets enable the train to do this.
Sent 9: This is not a normal train.
Sent 10: This is a maglev train.
Sent 11: The word maglev stands for magnetic levitation.
Sent 12: Because it has no wheels, there is no friction.
Sent 13: Some magnets hold the train up.
Sent 14: Other magnets are used to move the train forward.
Sent 15: This train can go very fast.
Sent 16: It can reach speeds up to 480 kilometers (300 miles) per hour!
Sent 17: Magnets are pretty cool.
Sent 18: What exactly is a magnet?
Sent 19: How is it able to exert such force?
: What do you notice about figure 1", "answer groups": ["Figure 1.11 is a futuristic looking train, with no wheels that leviates above a track", "The train uses magnets to move", "The train has no wheels"], "distractor groups": ["Magnets", "The train goes backwards", "The train is like a helicopter", "The train has no conductor"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: According to the study by Cambridge Academics how accurately were they able to predict sexuality?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: (Financial Times) -- The increasing amount of personal information that can been gleaned by computer programs that track how people use Facebook has been revealed by an extensive academic study.
Sent 2: Such programmes can discern undisclosed private information such as Facebook users' sexuality, drug-use habits and even whether their parents separated when they were young, according to the study by Cambridge university academics.
Sent 3: In one of the biggest studies of its kind, scientists from the university's psychometrics team and a Microsoft-funded research centre analysed data from 58,000 Facebook users to predict traits and other information that were not provided in their profiles.
Sent 4: The algorithms were 88 per cent accurate in predicting male sexual orientation, 95 per cent for race and 80 per cent for religion and political leanings.
Sent 5: Personality types and emotional stability were also predicted with accuracy ranging from 62-75 per cent.
Sent 6: Facebook declined to comment.
Sent 7: The study highlights growing concerns about social networks and how data trails can be mined for sensitive information, even when people attempt to keep information about themselves private.
Sent 8: Less than 5 per cent of users predicted to be gay, for example, were connected with explicitly gay groups.
Sent 9: Michal Kosinksi, one of the report's authors, told the Financial Times that the university's techniques could easily be replicated by companies to infer personal attributes a person did not wish to share, such as sexual orientation or political views: \"We used very simple and generic methods.
Sent 10: Marketing companies and internet companies could spend much more time and resources, and hence get much higher accuracy than we did.\"
Sent 11: Last week , the EU agreed to water down proposals for a radical overhaul of data privacy regulation.
Sent 12: The move reflects governments' reluctance to impede internet businesses that might spur economic growth, and follows fierce lobbying from technology companies including Facebook and Google.
Sent 13: Personal data has become big business.
Sent 14: Wonga, the UK online lender, makes credit judgments within seconds based on thousands of pieces of information, including an applicant's Facebook profile.
Sent 15: Tesco, the supermarket chain, this month started to use its customers' shopping histories to sell targeted online advertising.
Sent 16: The report also revealed some unexpected correlations -- such as people who liked 'curly fries' having higher IQs, while those who like Facebook's \"Sliding on Floors With Your Socks On\" page were unlikely to use drugs", "answer groups": ["88 percent", "88% accurate"], "distractor groups": ["5% accurate", "50 percent", "80% accurate", "95% accurate", "Very inaccurate"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What type of nuclear energy process occurs in the sun?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The center of an atom is held together by powerful forces.
Sent 2: This gives them a huge amount of stored energy.
Sent 3: This type of energy is called nuclear energy.
Sent 4: This energy can be released and used to do work.
Sent 5: This happens in nuclear power plants where they split apart the nucleus of an atom.
Sent 6: This splitting apart is called nuclear fission.
Sent 7: Another type of nuclear energy happens in the Sun.
Sent 8: Here the atoms nuclei are not split apart.
Sent 9: Instead, the nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together.
Sent 10: This process is called nuclear fusion.
Sent 11: Some of the suns energy travels to Earth.
Sent 12: This energy from nuclear fusion warms the planet and provides the energy for photosynthesis", "answer groups": ["Nuclear fusion", "The joining of atoms nuclei", "Fusion"], "distractor groups": ["The splitting of atoms", "Fission", "kinetic energy process", "Nuclear fission", "Heat conversion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What was done in order to minimize collateral damage in Kandahar in December of 1998?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Zinni feared that Bin Laden would in the future locate himself in cities, where U.S. missiles could kill thousands of Afghans.
Sent 2: He worried also lest Pakistani authorities not get adequate warning, think the missiles came from India, RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA'S INITIAL ASSAULTS 135 and do something that everyone would later regret.
Sent 3: Discussing potential repercussions in the region of his military responsibility, Zinni said, \"It was easy to take the shot from Washington and walk away from it.
Sent 4: We had to live there.\"
Sent 5: Zinni's distinct preference would have been to build up counterterrorism capabilities in neighboring countries such as Uzbekistan.
Sent 6: But he told us that he could not drum up much interest in or money for such a purpose from Washington, partly, he thought, because these countries had dictatorial governments.
Sent 7: After the decision-in which fear of collateral damage was an important factor- not to use cruise missiles against Kandahar in December 1998, Shelton and officers in the Pentagon developed plans for using an AC-130 gunship instead of cruise missile strikes.
Sent 8: Designed specifically for the special forces, the version of the AC-130 known as \"Spooky\"can fly in fast or from high altitude, undetected by radar; guided to its zone by extraordinarily complex electronics, it is capable of rapidly firing precision-guided 25, 40, and 105 mm projectiles.
Sent 9: Because this system could target more precisely than a salvo of cruise missiles, it had a much lower risk of causing collateral damage.
Sent 10: After giving Clarke a briefing and being encouraged to proceed, Shelton formally directed Zinni and General Peter Schoomaker, who headed the Special Operations Command, to develop plans for an AC-130 mission against Bin Laden's headquarters and infrastructure in Afghanistan.
Sent 11: The Joint Staff prepared a decision paper for deployment of the Special Operations aircraft.
Sent 12: Though Berger and Clarke continued to indicate interest in this option, the AC-130s were never deployed.
Sent 13: Clarke wrote at the time that Zinni opposed their use, and John Maher, the Joint Staff 's deputy director of operations, agreed that this was Zinni's position.
Sent 14: Zinni himself does not recall blocking the option.
Sent 15: He told us that he understood the Special Operations Command had never thought the intelligence good enough to justify actually moving AC-130s into position.
Sent 16: Schoomaker says, on the contrary, that he thought the AC-130 option feasible.
Sent 17: The most likely explanation for the two generals' differing recollections is that both of them thought serious preparation for any such operations would require a long-term redeployment of Special Operations forces to the Middle East or South Asia.
Sent 18: The AC-130s would need bases because the aircraft's unrefueled range was only a little over 2,000 miles", "answer groups": ["Not using cruise missiles", "Use AC-130 gunships", "Plans were developed to use AC-130s rather than cruise missle strikes"], "distractor groups": ["Use cruise missiles", "Not allowing Pakistan access to weaponry", "Not use AC-130 gunships", "Not deploying AC-130s"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: The framework to improve transportation spending congress is being asked for would cost how much?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Milwaukee, Wisconsin (CNN) -- President Barack Obama, in a bid to create jobs and boost economic growth, called on Congress on Monday to pass a 50 billion plan to renew the country's transportation infrastructure.
Sent 2: His address was the first of two speeches the president is scheduled to make this week to frame his administration's ongoing response to the recession, less than two months ahead of midterm elections in which Democratic majorities in the House and Senate are in jeopardy.
Sent 3: \"Today, I am announcing a new plan for rebuilding and modernizing America's roads, and rails and runways for the long term,\" said Obama, who spoke on Labor Day in Milwaukee, Wisconsin -- a state with competitive gubernatorial and U.S. Senate races.
Sent 4: \"We used to have the best infrastructure in the world.
Sent 5: We can have it again,\" he said to loud cheers from a crowd of union workers.
Sent 6: The proposal envisions -- over a six year period -- rebuilding 150,000 miles of roads, 4,000 miles of rail and 150 miles of airport runways.
Sent 7: It also would include modernizing the nation's air traffic control system in an effort to reduce delays and travel time.
Sent 8: \"This will not only create jobs immediately.
Sent 9: It's also going to make our economy hum over the long haul,\" said the president.
Sent 10: Obama hopes to work with Congress to enact an up-front investment of 50 billion -- an amount a White House statement said would represent a significant chunk of new spending on infrastructure.
Sent 11: The investment would then be paired with what the administration called a framework to improve transportation spending.
Sent 12: The long-term plan would include the establishment of an Infrastructure Bank, which would leverage federal dollars and focus on projects that could deliver the the biggest bang for the buck, Obama said.
Sent 13: The president stressed the need for Democrats and Republicans to work together on the transportation initiative, which would need to be approved by Congress", "answer groups": ["Fifty Billion USD", "$50 billion"], "distractor groups": ["$50 Million", "$150,000", "$4 Billion"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: A meeting in late 1999 showed that which two programs had very little in common?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Former Long Beach Executive Director Toby Rothschild, now a policy wonk in Iwasaki's outfit, agreed.
Sent 2: \"To some extent, I did look at it and say, 'We are the littlest kid on the block, and we don't want to get beat up so we need a bigger protector,'\" Rothschild said.
Sent 3: \"Once we got past that, it became a real positive for the Long Beach program and Long Beach clients.\"
Sent 4: But to the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley legal aid program, the positives of merging with Dudovitz's program, San Fernando Valley Neighborhood Legal Services, were never obvious.
Sent 5: A meeting in late 1999 between Dudovitz and the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program's board showed how little the two programs had in common and how difficult bridging the gap between their ideologies would be, Dudovitz recalled.
Sent 6: Although no merger plans were discussed, board members at the smaller program knew of Dudovitz's preference for impact litigation over direct services.
Sent 7: \"We had a discussion about what our separate views were,\" Dudovitz said.
Sent 8: \"The message we got was that they wanted their program to stay as it was.\"
Sent 9: Lauralea Saddick, former executive director of the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program, said her board simply did not share Dudovitz's desire to spend money influencing social policy and participating in high-profile litigation over poverty-related issues.
Sent 10: \"Our board's philosophy was that the money given by the federal government was to help people with basic everyday needs,\" Saddick said.
Sent 11: \"It might take a little bit of humility to take those kinds of cases.
Sent 12: Impact work is very important ... but what was the good of getting the law changed if no one is there to help the individual?\"
Sent 13: Before the San Gabriel program was subsumed by Dudovitz's group, it offered to merge with the Legal Aid Society of Orange County.
Sent 14: The boards of both organizations eschewed impact litigation in favor of the 1960s model of providing direct client services.
Sent 15: Supported by resolutions from the Pasadena, San Gabriel, Eastern and Foothill bar associations, the two programs drew up plans to merge and submitted them to the Legal Services Corp. Dudovitz won Iwasaki's backing to oppose the deal, and Legal Services Corp., the national funding source, overruled the proposed San Gabriel-Pomona Valley/Orange County merger.
Sent 16: On Jan. 27, 2001, the federal agency awarded the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley service area to Dudovitz under the umbrella of an expanded San Fernando program, citing the location of both programs in Los Angeles, which would allow \"better coordinated and more effective advocacy on county government policies.\"
Sent 17: The San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program sued Legal Services Corp. to stop the takeover, claiming the federal program based the decision on favoritism for the politically active Dudovitz and the politically powerful Iwasaki.
Sent 18: Though the federal suit accomplished little, it effectively suspended the end of the old program and the start of the new one for nearly a year", "answer groups": ["The Dudovitz and the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program", "Dudovitz and the San Gabriel-Pomona Valley program's", "The San Gabriel-Pomona Valley legal aid program and San Fernando Valley Neighborhood Legal Services"], "distractor groups": ["San Fernando", "San Gabriel", "The San Fernando program", "San Gabriel-Ponoma Valley program and Legal Aid Society of Orange County"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who's recommendation was finalized by an addition made to the list of covered illnesses for people who were exposed to toxins at the site of the World Trade Center during the 9/11 attacks?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Federal health authorities Monday added 58 types of cancer to the list of covered illnesses for people who were exposed to toxins at the site of the World Trade Center in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks.
Sent 2: The addition finalizes a recommendation from Dr. John Howard, administrator of the World Trade Center Health Program.
Sent 3: Howard proposed in June that the program accept the recommendations of its Science/Technical Advisory Committee and add some cancers to the coverage list -- 14 categories in all.
Sent 4: Firefighters responding to 9/11 at increased cancer risk The advisory committee review called for expanded \"coverage for certain types of cancer resulting from exposure to toxins released at Ground Zero.\"
Sent 5: \"The publication of this final rule marks an important step in the effort to provide needed treatment and care to 9/11 responders and survivors through the WTC Health Program,\" Howard said in a statement Monday.
Sent 6: The rule is expected to be published Wednesday in the Federal Register, and will take effect 30 days after its publication, Howard said.
Sent 7: 9/11 detective dies after battle with lung cancer First responders, volunteers, survivors of the attacks and residents near the site who meet specific qualifications will be eligible for coverage, according to the World Trade Center Health Program.
Sent 8: According to the proposed rule, an estimated 950 to 2,150 people would take advantage of the additional coverage.
Sent 9: The estimated cost for the total cancer treatment ranges between 14.5 million and 33 million, the proposal said", "answer groups": ["Dr. John Howard", "Administrator of the World Trade Center Health Program"], "distractor groups": ["Dr. John Harrington", "World Trade Center Health Program", "Advisory committee"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Approximately how many years passed between the Xia Dynasty and the creation of the oldest known bronze vessels in China?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Hundreds of thousands of years before China was to become the world's longest-running civilization, the prologue was enacted by means of the flicker of a carefully tended fire.
Sent 2: Peking Man, a forebear of Homo sapiens, achieved a mastery of fire.
Sent 3: We might call it the first Chinese invention.
Sent 4: Not that he devised flint and steel, matches, or any other way of creating fire.
Sent 5: Peking Man simply learned how to capture flame, perhaps from a forest fire, and keep it alight.
Sent 6: He thus enjoyed two revolutionary luxuries: light and heat.
Sent 7: Technologically and sociologically, it was a phenomenal breakthrough: with fire, communities could live year 'round in one cave, in which cooking and even smelting could be pursued.
Sent 8: And so, by 600,000 b.c., about 50 km (31 miles) southwest of present-day Beijing, the ancestors of mankind were ready to settle down.
Sent 9: Several hundred thousand years later, when Marco Polo reached the capital of China, he was astonished by a further development in fire technology.
Sent 10: The Chinese, he announced, used black stones dug out of mountains as fuel.
Sent 11: Europeans did not yet have a word for \"coal,\" nor had they discovered a use for it.
Sent 12: The First Dynasty The confluence of mythology and history in China took place around 4,000 years ago during what is referred to as the Xia (Hsia) Dynasty.
Sent 13: This was still the Stone Age, but the people are thought to have made silk from thread produced by the worms they cultivated on the leaves of their mulberry trees.
Sent 14: And written language (which evolved as early as 4,500 to 5,000 years ago) was already in use, originally by oracles and then by official scribes\u00a0\u2014\u00a0China's first scholars.
Sent 15: During the second of the quasi-legendary dynasties, the Shang (from about the 16th to 11th centuries b.c.), the Chinese developed an interest in art.
Sent 16: Careful geometric designs as well as dragon and bird motifs adorned bowls and implements.
Sent 17: And with the arrival of the Bronze Age, the Chinese created bronze vessels of such beauty and originality that, until modern times, archaeologists refused to believe they were cast 3,000 years ago.
Sent 18: The Shang Dynasty gave rise to the concept of one Chinese nation under one government", "answer groups": ["3000 years", "1000", "3000"], "distractor groups": ["5 centuries", "10000"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What happens in the large intestine?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The digestive system is the body system that digests food.
Sent 2: It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically.
Sent 3: Both help in the process of turning food into nutrients.
Sent 4: The digestive system also eliminates solid food waste.
Sent 5: The major organs of the digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large in- testines.
Sent 6: These organs all work together to help you gain energy from the food you eat.
Sent 7: Digestion starts in the mouth.
Sent 8: When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach.
Sent 9: In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place.
Sent 10: Most chemical digestion and nearly all absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine.
Sent 11: This organ consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Sent 12: The large intestine is the last stop in the digestive system.
Sent 13: This is where water is absorbed.
Sent 14: The food not digested is released as waste", "answer groups": ["This is where water is absorbed. The food not digested is released as waste", "Water is absorbed"], "distractor groups": ["Food is broken down into nutrients", "Nutriets are absorbed", "Food is mechanically decomposed", "Food is absorbed"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What happens to electrons to make them turn into lightning?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: You may wonder if there are other examples of static discharge.
Sent 2: The answer is yes.
Sent 3: Lightning is a form of static discharge.
Sent 4: It is much more dramatic than what happens between you and the door knocker, but it is the same principle.
Sent 5: You can see how it occurs in the following diagram and animation.
Sent 6: You have no doubt seen lightning in a rainstorm.
Sent 7: What does lighting have to do with static electricity?
Sent 8: As it turns out, everything!
Sent 9: During a rainstorm, clouds develop regions of different charges.
Sent 10: This happens due to the movement of air molecules, water drops, and ice particles.
Sent 11: The negative charges are concentrated at the base of the clouds.
Sent 12: The positive charges are concentrated at the top.
Sent 13: The negative charges repel electrons on the ground below.
Sent 14: The ground then becomes positively charged.
Sent 15: Over time the differences increase.
Sent 16: Eventually the electrons are discharged.
Sent 17: This is what we see as lightning.
Sent 18: You can watch an awesome slow-motion lightning strike below", "answer groups": ["Electrons gets discharged", "Eventually the electrons are discharged", "They discharge", "Electrons repel negative charge on ground below", "The negative charges repel electrons on the ground below"], "distractor groups": ["Electrons change their properties", "Slow-motion", "Electron becomes neutrally charged"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Domestic violence accounts for 5 of 12 deaths in which city and state, according to the paragraph?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The grant also will help victims go through court proceedings after losing a job or being evicted because of an abuser's actions, Xanthopoulos said.
Sent 2: \"It's going to help the victims, but it's also going to help their children,\" he said.
Sent 3: More than 270 domestic violence assaults in Madison County were reported last year, according to Tennessee Bureau of Investigation statistics.
Sent 4: In Jackson, more than 730 domestic violence assaults were reported last year, according to records.
Sent 5: \"Domestic violence is certainly on the increase and we need to do something to curve that.
Sent 6: I see this as helping that,\" Madison County Sheriff David Woolfork said of the grant.
Sent 7: Domestic violence accounted for five of 12 murders in 2001 in Jackson, police have said.
Sent 8: And the increase in calls prompted Jackson Police Chief Rick Staples in March to form a focus group to determine if police officers need to make changes in their response to domestic calls", "answer groups": ["Jackson, TN", "In Jackson, Tennessee"], "distractor groups": ["Jackson, Michigan", "Madison, TN", "Jackson, MS", "Jackson, Mississippi"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Why was Allan nervous?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Nathan read the package of words in silence, his only motions the steady progress of his eyes and occasional replacement of pages.
Sent 2: Allan sat nervously across from him in a chair Nathan had probably upholstered himself, a patchwork design of fabric containing easily more stuffing than any other furniture item of the period.
Sent 3: At long last, Nathan reached the end and set down his reading on the table between them.
Sent 4: Allan leaned forward unconsciously.
Sent 5: \"It's the best story you've ever written.\"
Sent 6: Allan exhaled and leaned back into the chair, his face relaxing in imitation of his thoughts.
Sent 7: \"So,\" he asked, \"you don't think it's a waste of ink and paper, a futile expedition into morbidity or literary debauchery?\"
Sent 8: \"Heavens, no,\" said Nathan, aghast.
Sent 9: \"This is one of the strongest works I've read in ages.
Sent 10: It speaks to the deepest storyteller's instinct within us all, yet is entirely original.
Sent 11: My dear friend, you have done it.
Sent 12: Oh, they may rail against you at first; they may decry you as a heathen or a literary savage; but while those in power say such things, others will read your tales and see their true worth.
Sent 13: Believe me when I say that you will be read a century from now.\"
Sent 14: Allan, though dubious as to that possibility, felt some temptation from the compliment; mainly, it granted him the encouragement he still needed.
Sent 15: Nathan promised to show the story to a printer he knew and Allan left it with him, then walked home under the spreading maples with a smile lingering on his face.
Sent 16: He felt now that perhaps Nathan was right; although the man was somewhat peculiar, he had both an unimpeachable honesty and a certain propensity for insight.
Sent 17: Certainly, it was undeniable that the stories had an originality to them.
Sent 18: His mind's strangest fruit had ripened at last, and he found the taste less bitter than expected.
Sent 19: These thoughts and others like them filled his head as he walked the long road home.
Sent 20: It was evening, and the sky burned orange in the west when he neared home at last", "answer groups": ["Because he let Nathan read his story", "He wanted to know nathan's opinion", "He thought that it was a waste of ink and paper, a futile expedition into morbidity or a literary debauchery"], "distractor groups": ["He was worried that Nathan would not like what he wrote", "He knew his story was rubbish"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: Who is on the Idaho Project for Justice Committee?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Victims of domestic violence will have access to quality legal representation through a campaign undertaken by Idaho Supreme Court Chief Justice Linda Copple Trout and corporate leaders.
Sent 2: \"Thousands of times a year, Idahoans are victims of domestic violence.
Sent 3: The victims are often women and their children and they frequently have few resources with which to pursue their legal rights,\" Trout said Tuesday.
Sent 4: \"This campaign helps fill that gap in legal services for women who need the help at a time when they are in crisis.\"
Sent 5: The Idaho Partners for Justice Project has already secured pledges of more than 35,000 from law firms, attorneys, corporations and individuals.
Sent 6: The goal is 100,000.
Sent 7: The drive to pay for free legal services will continue for the next two months.
Sent 8: The money goes to Idaho Legal Aid Services and the Idaho Volunteer Lawyers Program.
Sent 9: Last year, more than 5,000 petitions were filed in Idaho for protection orders in domestic violence cases.
Sent 10: More than 12,000 victims contacted shelters or crisis hotlines.
Sent 11: Joining Trout in the announcement was Idaho Bar Association President Fred Hoopes of Idaho Falls and Ida-West Energy Co. Chief Executive Officer Randy Hill, members of the project's executive committee.
Sent 12: Also on hand were some women who were victims of such violence, but benefited from free legal services.
Sent 13: Last year's campaign generated enough money and resources to help more than 450 victims.
Sent 14: The help ranged from representation in protection order hearings to legal assistance in divorce, visitation and child support cases.
Sent 15: The donations are tax deductible", "answer groups": ["Idaho Supreme Court Chief Justice Linda Copple Trout and corporate leaders", "Fred Hopes and Randy Hill"], "distractor groups": ["Leslie Stewart", "Fred Hill", "Randy Hoopes", "Idaho Supreme Court Chief Justice Linda Copple Trout and Randy Gregory", "Idaho Chief of Police Bob Hoskins"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How do nuclear fission and nuclear fusion differ?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The center of an atom is held together by powerful forces.
Sent 2: This gives them a huge amount of stored energy.
Sent 3: This type of energy is called nuclear energy.
Sent 4: This energy can be released and used to do work.
Sent 5: This happens in nuclear power plants where they split apart the nucleus of an atom.
Sent 6: This splitting apart is called nuclear fission.
Sent 7: Another type of nuclear energy happens in the Sun.
Sent 8: Here the atoms nuclei are not split apart.
Sent 9: Instead, the nuclei of the atoms are fused, or joined together.
Sent 10: This process is called nuclear fusion.
Sent 11: Some of the suns energy travels to Earth.
Sent 12: This energy from nuclear fusion warms the planet and provides the energy for photosynthesis", "answer groups": ["Nuclear fission splits the nucleus and fusion fuses the nucleus", "In nuclear fission, the nucleus of the atom is split apart. In nuclear fusion, atoms are fused, or joined together", "The nucleus splits in nuclear fission, but does not in nuclear fusion", "Fusion joins atoms nuclei", "Fission splits atoms nuclei"], "distractor groups": ["Fission fuses the nucleus and fusion splits the nucleus", "Fission causes photosynthesis and fusion doesn't", "Fusion comes from the moon and fission from the sun", "Fission joins atoms nuclei", "Fusion splits atoms nuclei"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: According to the World Trade Center Health Program, 950 to 2150 people would take advantage of additional coverage, which would incur an estimated cost of how much money?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Federal health authorities Monday added 58 types of cancer to the list of covered illnesses for people who were exposed to toxins at the site of the World Trade Center in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks.
Sent 2: The addition finalizes a recommendation from Dr. John Howard, administrator of the World Trade Center Health Program.
Sent 3: Howard proposed in June that the program accept the recommendations of its Science/Technical Advisory Committee and add some cancers to the coverage list -- 14 categories in all.
Sent 4: Firefighters responding to 9/11 at increased cancer risk The advisory committee review called for expanded \"coverage for certain types of cancer resulting from exposure to toxins released at Ground Zero.\"
Sent 5: \"The publication of this final rule marks an important step in the effort to provide needed treatment and care to 9/11 responders and survivors through the WTC Health Program,\" Howard said in a statement Monday.
Sent 6: The rule is expected to be published Wednesday in the Federal Register, and will take effect 30 days after its publication, Howard said.
Sent 7: 9/11 detective dies after battle with lung cancer First responders, volunteers, survivors of the attacks and residents near the site who meet specific qualifications will be eligible for coverage, according to the World Trade Center Health Program.
Sent 8: According to the proposed rule, an estimated 950 to 2,150 people would take advantage of the additional coverage.
Sent 9: The estimated cost for the total cancer treatment ranges between 14.5 million and 33 million, the proposal said", "answer groups": ["14.5 million to 33 million dollars", "Between $14.5 million and $33 million"], "distractor groups": ["$2.5 million", "$5.5 million to $9 million", "$14.5 million", "Less than $14.5 million"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: What languages spoken by the different attorneys of Neighborhood Legal Services? Name three", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: Neighborhood Legal Services, which provides free legal services to the poor, has expanded into the San Gabriel and Pomona valleys, areas with large Asian populations, many of whom speak limited or no English.
Sent 2: Language is their biggest obstacle, but the Asian communities' cultural isolation and service providers' lack of cultural expertise also play a part, said NLS executive director Neal Dubovitz.
Sent 3: And with 13 percent to 15 percent of the Asian population in the U.S. living below the poverty line, NLS services are badly needed, Dubovitz said.
Sent 4: \"Although it is a significant part of the poverty population, Asians historically have not been able to participate in the services and programs available to the poor,\" he said.
Sent 5: From simple telephone advice to complete legal representation in court, the agency provides free consumer, health, family, immigration, housing, public benefits and labor legal services to people who earn under 1,380 per month.
Sent 6: Legal service providers have long served large Latino populations, who have cultural diversity but share a common language.
Sent 7: \"I remember the days when there were only a handful of people in the legal offices who spoke Spanish,\" Dudovitz said.
Sent 8: \"Now Spanish and English are interchangeable.
Sent 9: Our goal is to have that for the major Asian languages as well.\"
Sent 10: Before the expansion, only a few NLS lawyers spoke Asian languages, said attorney Rebecca Yee, who was hired by NLS in April 2002 to design and head the project.
Sent 11: \"Now we have people speaking Cantonese, Mandarin, Thai, Khmer (from Cambodia), Korean, Vietnamese, Japanese and Tagalog,\" Yee said.
Sent 12: One of the 13 attorneys hired to work with the program is Irene Mak, a family law attorney who speaks Cantonese, Mandarin and Thai.
Sent 13: Mak was a partner at a private law firm before she went to work for NLS two years ago, earning up to 20,000 less a year working on domestic violence cases.
Sent 14: \"The job is more satisfying than the money,\" said Mak, who grew up in Hong Kong and Thailand before coming to the United States.
Sent 15: \"I could use my language skills and wanted to give back to the Asian community.\"
Sent 16: NLS expanded when Legal Services Corp., the federal agency that funds providers of free legal services nationwide, reduced the number of grantees in the Los Angeles area from five to three, Dudovitz said.
Sent 17: NLS won the competitive grant over the Legal Services Program for Pasadena, San Gabriel-Pomona valleys.
Sent 18: That boosted its client base from 16,000 to around 25,000, and NLS opened an office in El Monte", "answer groups": ["Cantonese, Mandarin and Thai", "Japanese", "Korean", "Cantonese", "Khmer", "Cantonese, Mandarin, Korean", "Tagalog", "Vietnamese", "Mandarin", "Thai"], "distractor groups": ["Italian, ASL, Gaelic", "Tamil", "Tagalog, Vietnamese and Cantonese", "Cantonese, Thai and Vietnamese", "Lao", "Hindi"]}, {"question": "
Multi Label Question: How is food digested?", "paragraph": "Paragraph: Sent 1: The digestive system is the body system that digests food.
Sent 2: It digest food in two ways, mechanically and chemically.
Sent 3: Both help in the process of turning food into nutrients.
Sent 4: The digestive system also eliminates solid food waste.
Sent 5: The major organs of the digestive system include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large in- testines.
Sent 6: These organs all work together to help you gain energy from the food you eat.
Sent 7: Digestion starts in the mouth.
Sent 8: When food is swallowed, it travels through the esophagus to the stomach.
Sent 9: In the stomach, digestion continues and a small amount of absorption of nutrients takes place.
Sent 10: Most chemical digestion and nearly all absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine.
Sent 11: This organ consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Sent 12: The large intestine is the last stop in the digestive system.
Sent 13: This is where water is absorbed.
Sent 14: The food not digested is released as waste", "answer groups": ["Chemically and mechanically", "Via the esophagus all the way to the large intestine", "Mechanically in the mouth and chemically in the stomach and small intestine", "Food is digested mechanically and chemical through a process that includes the mouth, esophagus, small intestine and large intestine"], "distractor groups": ["Food is digested personally and chemically through a process that includes the mouth, esophagus, small intestine and large intestine", "Food is digested mechanically and chemical through a process that includes the mouth, esophagus, small intestine and bladder", "Via the nose and to stomacch", "By stomach", "By large intestine"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A girl lays back in a knotted top that would fall just below her breasts if she had any, and another is caught applying a Toddlers & Tiaras-worthy amount of makeup while lounging in her underwear", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This is a place that's seen its better years, but if you cock your head the right way, there's plenty of beauty on display here", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.There are five tips below and if to apply them to your sex life they will help you become the amazing lover you want to be, giving her multiple, earth-shattering, full body orgasms", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u2019 \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He himself has said that he is gay, gay is not the Peruvian word, the word is [faggot]", "answer groups": ["insult", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The first big October surprise was a 2005 hot mic recording of Donald Trump bragging about grabbing women \u201cby the pussy,\u201d aggressively kissing them and getting away with it because he\u2019s a star", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Will I always be perceived as the black girl with the big tits and the fat ass, or am I seen as the black girl with the big tits and the fat ass because of the way I dress", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u2019\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cWe received many messages like: \u2018You should be sent to gas chamber,\u2019 \u2018I will cut your throat when I meet you,\u2019 \u2018Your neighbors are coming after you", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I once prevented the rape of a woman by butt stroking her attacker with a shotgun while he was in the act of penetrating her", "answer groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cShe is such a whore, that bitch seems to be completely deranged", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Yo momma so fat she needs a heavy stasis grappler to slow her roll Yo mamma is so fat, you can harvest her rolls for moon goo Yo momma so fat Dante wouldent let Sapporo use her to make money", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.DREAMEATER10 (Garen) [00:20:51] : nigga first of all ur both soft n i can fuck u up in person thats on everythin BITCH Vetaut (Twitch) [00:21:03] : sadly u cant..", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Azealia Banks was supposed to be the new Lil Kim - the baddest bitch on the block, a strong sister, with a potty mouth that could rhyme and didn't give a fuck", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Ann Coulter, of here, there and everywhere, says the Democratic Party is so dumb that \u201cit's as if all the brain-damaged people in America got together and formed a voting block\u201d", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Madison, what you've just said is one of the most insanely idiotic things I have ever heard \u2026 Everyone in this room is now dumber for having listened to it", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A MAN, who pleaded guilty to raping one woman and attempting to rape a second, shouted at the infant son of his rape victim: \u201cThis is all your mother is worth ... this is what your f***ing mother deserves", "answer groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Lyrical gems include \u201cI could kill a bitch man, I\u2019m so fucking crazy\u201d and the oh-so-catchy hook \u201call the dudes wiggle your dicks for Brooke Candy", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Root blasted Obama as a \u201cpsychopath, sociopath and ego-maniac who rules as a tyrant\u201d and claimed that the president sees himself as a god who can exploit \u201cignorant, na\u00efve and gullible voters", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Donald Trump and Insane Clown Posse tell the Deplorables and Juggalos, respectively, that the establishment is laughing at them, and that the people in power think that they're stupid and racist", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.At any moment, you might take a sword to the face, or a screw to the foot, or have your Hodor hodored off by some crazy hodoring bastard", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A young guy looked up from his booze and roared: \u201cYou\u2019re going to f****** die here,\u201d at his housemates, before muttering to himself: \u201cI\u2019m going to f****** die here", "answer groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "' \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u2018Fuck this, I could die tomorrow, let's go out there and I'm gonna fucking kill this guy", "answer groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": ") \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This means you can forego the stupid, terrible, awful, (did I mention stupid", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Emma Watson shows up to shout, \u201cI\u2019m not fucking around\u201d and smash Seth Rogen in the schnoz with an axe handle, and the phrases \u201cHermione just stole all of our shit\u201d and \u201cFuck your house, Franco\u201d set themselves up to compete for legendary status", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.EEeeeee! Can't wait to frame it.\n\nEDIT #2: A goddamned lightsaber showed up on my doorstep today. Holy fucking shit balls!! This is the most exciting thing, ever", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.That\u2019s concrete,\u201d said local pedestrian Frank Brogden, who shook his head while pondering why the dumbshit California black oak was stupid enough to believe its saplings could grow in an area devoid of soil, nutrients, and water", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Someone might say that feminists look like uptight ugly fat chicks who are pissed off that hotter chicks get more dick", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.One of the oldest, most outrageously sexist ideas presents sex as a lose-lose for girls: girls who have sex are slutty, while girls who don't have sex are prudes", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u2019 \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And this is Grimes on big set-pieces in live shows: \u201cI\u2019m like, \u2018Do you understand how fucking bad it is for the environment for everyone to be having 20,000 lbs of lights and this giant fucking fake set of New York", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.No one likes having to deal with stupid people, but the truth is most of us have to interact with people who we find to be stupid on a daily basis", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cYeezy introduced the skinny jeans to the Rap scene / Then wore a fuckin\u2019 skirt on the video screen / Then he wore it again at a memorial / I can\u2019t pretend that the shit ain\u2019t deplorable", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "p? \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Can't wait to see MVP Cheese shake things up with their stupid bullshit :DMake sure to keep this thread bumped too, guys http://na.leagueoflegends.com/board/showthread.p", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She said he also forced her to touch his penis over his clothing and then exposed his penis to her", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Diaosi is a meme moniker that translates to penis hair. first used in a petty forum argument (if I\u2019m a penis, then you\u2019re something smaller), the word can be seen as somewhat analogous to the Japanese word Otaku", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d\n\nThe full Live Nation statement: \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cPARTYNEXTDOOR and his crew are some bitch ass niggas. Now tell me that. Tell me what I said now?\u201d he said, before adding, \u201cTell him to pay that fake-ass budget they\u2019ve been pressing at night", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.By that I don\u2019t mean that I want them to boast about how big their cock is* or many women they\u2019ve fucked or how many times each one of those women came", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I had never like being so flat chested with wide hips and bigger thighs, but he seemed to really like my bigger hips and thighs", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Imagine you've made a sex tape and you're pleased with it \u2013 that you consent to sex, and consent to the filming and you think you look hot", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If the female orgasm was abolished, women would continue to have sex because the act of feeling a man thrusting deep inside them with masculine power would still be pleasing", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This sex tape is what made her famous and its still selling like hotcakes today thanks to amazing naked photos like these", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.One woman said that Roy Moore touched her sexually and kissed her when she was 14 and he was 32", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It also uses a specially made touching sensor suit that makes your body feel as though it\u2019s being touched, as well as a pair of boob-like appendages for you to grope and manipulate", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Then, your gym teacher tells you to strip naked and walk onto the pool deck with your nude male classmates", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Like.. she whitewashed a Black woman\u2019s body to put her head on it for coolness/edgy/sexy points\u2026 because she is literally using the sexuality of a Black woman but making it white aka ok and attractive", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He appears to kiss her cheek, stroke her neck, and run his hand along her breast", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The lucky guy soon gets to feel her lips on his and on down to his rock hard rod as she gives him a blowjob, and he returns the favor with plenty of fingering, pussy licking, and much more", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Eating out a butt can seem daunting, but it\u2019s one of the most intimate and sensual sex acts you can do with your partner", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Then he knelt between her legs and felt her soft skin from her hips up to her breasts and gently squeezed her breasts again", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He even asked her to take off her pants and her panties, so that he could see her butt", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She reached over and pull down his sweatpants and proceeded to suck his dick while I sat there and watched", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Do you enjoy watching those extra kinky cam girl acts, where the beauty will just get lost in pleasure while reaching the hottest orgasm you have ever seen", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She pursed her lips and flicked her tongue, gazing steadily at her viewers, who encouraged her to \u201ctwerk,\u201d \u201cshow tits,\u201d and \u201cblow me, girl", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Audio Live Now 43 f US Sexy cougar with a phat ass ready to make you cum", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.My So-Called Life's Angela Chase, for instance, backs out of losing her virginity to her longtime crush, the dopey but sexy Jordan Catalano, because she's simply not ready", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.do it for Compton/I'm willing to die for this shit, nigga/I'll take your fucking life for this shit, nigga/We ain't going back to broke, family selling dope/That's why you maney-ass rap niggas better know,\u201d Kendrick raps on the opening verse", "answer groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Don't tell me, while lying in bed after the first time we have sex, that my breasts are almost as nice as [insert woman's name here]", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "com \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The breast enhancing bar makes a great holiday gift for a gal with small breasts and a sense of humor! Find it at Amazon", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And then several days later you find out your dad has been sneaking into your room while you slept and has been sucking on your chest to make giant hickeys where your nipples should be", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Karim grabbed the 17-year-old girl's butt, tried to kiss her on the mouth and made it clear that he wanted to have sex with her", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.and you'll find a sexy mesh trunk except the ass has been cut out of it and that hole is edged in black...", "answer groups": ["insult", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And, as if by magic, the most beautiful pinch atop his browned head, tightly sliced by the anus of some kind of goddess", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.From creamy facial cumshots to surprise anal creampie surprises, you'll be hard pressed to go anywhere else to feed your erotic appetite", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Her pussy selfies are very sexy and you can expect a nice shaved snatch to view in intimate angles", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It's your favorite color, it flatters your butt and never gives you a front-wedgie, and yet you'd like your girls to be a little more showy", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Her mother would take a burning hot pestle straight out of a fire and use it to press her breasts", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.You don\u2019t get to use our words to try to justify yourself to other FA people, any more than you get to use Your Gay Best Friend saying it\u2019s ok to use the words faggot and dyke to tell me I shouldn\u2019t have a problem with straight people saying those words", "answer groups": ["insult", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She has a great body with fake but stunning 34E (75F) boobs that look amazing on her rather small frame", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A busty brunette says cops trampled on her God-given \u2014 and perfectly legal \u2014 right to flaunt what Mother Nature gave her when they arrested her for going topless in a Brooklyn park and forced her to cover up", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He absentmindedly unrolled a sucker from its wrapper and placed it in his mouth, eyes still glued to the filigree pendant that was dangling from Robin\u2019s neck, a good three inches above her generous cleavage", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Girls Gone Wild: Girls on Girls, Surrender the Booty 3: The Search for More Arse, Jenna Jameson: Ultimate Collection, Playboy: the Complete Centerfolds, Girls Kissing: Volume One, Hot Babes\u2026I don\u2019t think I need to go on", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She sat naked on a tree branch, her arms stretched upwards, but her hair largely covered her breasts", "answer groups": ["sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I\u2019m a hot, horny MILF who wants to bury your face in my size 44 DD tits, while I fuck your brains out on my kitchen counter", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The women kick the men, hit them with a club, spit upon them, and spray them with a liquid spray", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I was drinking a cup of whiskey..walked up to one of them and kicked on his ass..the other one tried to react, i threw my alcohol on his face like the barbershop and when I approach to hit him..they all ran away", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Anal Lube 9000 07-19-2015, 12:26 AM I printed this out and placed my penis on the bottom part and jerked off as if she's sucking me off", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Felarca was filmed calling a man a Nazi, and punching him in the stomach repeatedly while shouting for him to \u201cget the fuck off our streets", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cFor the rest of my life I\u2019m going to stay out late and come back whenever I want, kill things, scratch people, attack kids, shit on things, take catnip, if you don\u2019t like it then cash me outside", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cWith the intent to point out the ridiculous nature of the threats (\u2018shoot every black person\u2019) and the illiterate language used by racists (\u2018gonna\u2019), Matthew posted the following: 'Gonna shoot all black people.....", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cSo the only answer to that is to kill male babies and just kill any man you see in the street", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Kim K gives the most amazing blowjobs ever working over his huge black dick like a pro before getting her sweet tight shaved pussy fucked", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The bomb threat allegedly made by D\u2019Ambrosio was a Facebook posting where he bragged: \u201cF*** a boston bomb wait till u see the s*** I do, I\u2019m be famous rapping, and beat every murder charge that comes across me", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.;DI hope you like it.Kill la Kill belongs to Trigger - I love you guys", "answer groups": ["threat", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cIf you know of any addicts, go ahead and kill them yourself as getting their parents to do it would be too painful.\u201d said Duterte, going on to add, \u201cThese sons of whores are destroying our children", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I swear to God, I\u2019ll throw you on the ground and put my foot straight through your fucking skull", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Republicans are of the more modest opinion that if you want to slaughter your child in utero, you should have to pay for it yourself", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.So I fucked her, and the first time we tried to do doggystyle, for some reason I thought you were supposed to fuck her in the ass", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.--Donald Trump is a fascist threat to our way of life, says racist things and loves to attack women over their looks", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.You are a member of a mysterious order of assassins where you have trained your whole life to do one thing and one thing only \u2013 to kill", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I\u2019m not just killing them I\u2019m fucking slaughtering them and I\u2019m going to gut them and skin them, quarter them and butcher them and feed them to the soup kitchen and homeless shelters of America", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Lotz of thangs n' lyrics ta git tha fuck into so let\u2019s just jump tha fuck into dat shiznit son", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cNoels out of the fucking country weren't we all love get on a fucking plane and play your tunes for the kids you sad fuck,\u201d a subsequent tweet reads", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Mnyukulo made him suck his breast, perform oral sex, and went on to sit on his lap and penetrate himself using the teen\u2019s penis", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.17Now therefore kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman that hath known man by lying with him", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Punching and kicking her to the ground while she writhed in agony, her attackers then ripped her clothes off and continued the beating, pulling her hair and kicking her in the breasts and groin", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Morgan proceeds to suck his massive wang and get fucked all over the kitchen. The best part was when she fit herself on the stool to get mounted and harsh fucked. Watching her guzzle down jizz was quite the treat too", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.There\u2019s about twenty drunk people and they start screaming things like \u201cFuck the police,\u201d \u201cNYPD, KKK, how many children did you kill today", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A controversial New York City pastor warns protesters: If you disrupt my church we will \u201ccastrate your men and slit the throats of your women\u201d and then \u201cpiss on the graves of your ancestors", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Took her to the cash machine, helped his cousin rape her, then blew half her pretty, Jewish face off with a shotgun", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\n\n\n\nMORE \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This album is about rape. Rape of women, rape of the land, rape of children, despoiling of traditional lands without consent", "answer groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Two boys aged 10 and 11 were today found guilty of attempting to rape an eight-year-old girl, but were cleared of raping her", "answer groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He might be a bit annoying, and yeah he's an easy target for ridicule, but if you say you've never been pissed at 4am, singing every lyric on the Back to Bedlam album, you're a liar", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The general confusion is that we are all racist, stupid, rednecks and we lost the war so we need to shut up", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Delilah is both a whore, as she is paid by the Philistines to discover the secret of Samson\u2019s power, and a liar, as she pretends to care for Samson in order to extract his secret and render him impotent", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Y'all redditors ain't know shit All ya motherfuckers talk about Bulba ain't no hitta Bulba ain't this Bulba a fake SHUT THE FUCK UP Y'all don't play with that Bulba", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.So how the hell did the smart and sober people of Jagjaguwar turn the reigns of a label over to the drunken idiots who make up the band Oneida", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.They called her, among other things, an \u201cold racist bitch,\u201d and a \u201cwitch,\u201d and \u201csick in the head", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Incase you are an idiot, the way it works is, you aren't actually being hauled around in a cage, the human legs are fake, and the head of the gorilla are fake, and you are standing in the gorillas legs", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u2019\u2019 \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u2018\u2018My wrists look like I am a jewel thief/But that\u2019s just cuz I am a boss bitch/Now macaroni cheese and grill my swordfish,\u2019\u2019 she says in a song entitled, appropriately enough, \u2018\u2018Boss Ass Bitch", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Martin Luther King Jr. cheated on his wife, Ghandi had a thing for little girls and hated black Africans, and Mother Teresa, despite being the go-to metaphor for goodness, was a complete asshole", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Just when I thought you Dumb-o-crats couldn\u2019t get any dumber, you\u2019ve somehow managed to find a way to take your stupidity to a whole new freakin\u2019 level", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The only way to teach something so stupid is to be extremely stupid, and that's the only thing these campaigns got right", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.*** Rick Perry has craved fucking men in the ass most of his life", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Boiled down, the new Obama message to Americans is: you\u2019re too stupid to overcome your fears\u2026 This year, Democrats have embraced with gusto the notion that Republicans, and by extension anyone thinking of voting for them, are dimwits", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Or maybe he planned to hide the filthy kafir nude slut statues with a coat of paint", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.There are simply too many acts of stupidity being done by people who run religious and charter schools in the state, and one of them is so stupid that it\u2019s probably illegal", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If you talk shit to them like you just talked shit to the CHP they will drag your ass into a little room and beat the fuck out of you", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I guess she just saw the girls twitter picture and called her fat. And a \u201ccyber bully\u201d. So, whatever. Go Rihanna, be an idiot. Go date Chris Brown again, and then get your ass beat again. I bet the sunglasses salesman in your mall can\u2019t wait", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cYou\u2019re all weak f---ing weak, you weak f---ing dogs ... f---ing black c--ts,\u201d he is heard to say", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I don't walk into a fucking Wallmart and ask you where the fucking cyanide is cunt, stay the fuck out of shit that has less than nothing to do with you", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.When I was born, my dick looked like any other baby boy's\u2014tiny and pink, bobbing around on top of a big set of balls like an elf hat", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.What\u2019s worse, she keeps being friends with the guy who she has betrayed (by not sucking his dick) and has the audacity to date and copulate with OTHER DUDES who are obviously inferior to our hero", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.W. Jackson, is a nutjob who has claimed that the Democratic party is worse than the KKK, and that gays are pedophiles and perverts", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And you won\u2019t even be a good whore because nobody wants to fuck a girl with a book in front of her face", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.momma is so fat, she cant fit inside a large pos yo momma so fat when she jumps and lands she forces everything around her to bridge Yo momma is so fat, POSes can be built around her", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Exhibit B: I Love Dick's entire premise rests on a couple's shared crush on a famous artist (named, of course, Dick)", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Anytime that you caught somebody doing something stupid, then you could collect $5 from them as a tax\u2026and if they paid you the Stupid Tax, then they had done something stupid again and so they should give you another $5", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Samantha Bee was so eager to take on Donald Trump\u2019s 2005 boasts about grabbing women \u201cby the pussy\u201d that her Full Frontal team rushed out a video Friday night in which she had some similar things to say about men\u2019s balls", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.>but army vets are VERY much the soul of the cuckservative [even if I hate this therm], they are pretty dumb because they never think for themselves they obey orders, many of them they are dumb as rocks because the never even dig into anything", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cYou are not welcome here\u2026 You lower the value and safety of our good town\u2026 You bring death wherever your cursed people go", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Millar\u2019s scripts have brought us fine moments like an incestual baby bomb, gang rape with plenty of wisecracks, and ending a comic by giving the reader a middle finger while anally raping them", "answer groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.How stupid does the Senate background-check vote look now, I ask the pundits and others who thought it was dumb politics for Obama and the Democrats to push for a vote that they obviously knew they were going to lose", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If you TELL US that you\u2019re sure we\u2019re going to assume you\u2019re a troll BUT REALLY YOU\u2019RE NOT, then yeah, actually, you are a fucking troll, because you\u2019re still writing in with shit you know will piss people off and be disruptive, and you\u2019re doing it on purpose", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.EVERYONE. people really wanna be mad at Black people for everything and not talk about this shit. but we have the power to be ANTI everything. lmao. suck my dick from the back if you believe that", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.So them muthafu***** ova at Odd Future records done signed a fu***** group of crackas and ni**** in a hardcore punk band called Trash Talk", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The anus is a 1\u00bd-inch canal located at the lower end of the rectum, between two rather rounded, muscular pieces of meat, the buttocks", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The man is a fucking genius when it comes to dark fucking characters and complex fucking story telling, and Anne Frank was never either of those fucking things", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.After sliding the front seats of her SUV as far back as they would go, Nikki climbed on top of me - rubbing her crotch back and forth over the growing bulge in my pants while I groped her ass and ran my hands through her hair and up and down her back", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Erase This Game is a new offseason feature in which we, merciless jerks that we are, find the dumbest football game ever played by one school", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.However, now that we are more than 100 days into 45\u2019s first term\u2014which seems to be permanently set at basic bitch level\u2014not only is it the perfect time for Clinton to launch her \u201cBitch, I Told You So\u201d tour, but she should keep adding dates", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Want to pick up the phone and call a slutty girls who's up for wanking herself with her dildo while you listen", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And while we have your attention, listen up: Do yourself a favor and learn how to unclasp the two or three stupid hooks on the back of any normal, functional bra without having to fumble around like an idiot because you're a) rusty or b) asexual", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I\u2019m wondering if these fellows are vying for the idiots of the year award or the idiots of the century award,\u201d she told ABC radio", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And during a long interlude where he asked fans to tell various different celebrity women that they \u201cshould fuck with me,\u201d he made an offhand comment that pissed off a lot of his fans: \u201cI don\u2019t really like black girls like that", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.slight deviation from usual content but this needed to be done. sort this shit out and then norway. i swear im not trying to drag it on, it's just...shit keeps popping up", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And you come back rapping on our door, hat in hand, and you say: \u2018Baby, I know you left me, but if we get back together, I pledge to you, I promise you, I will still try to fuck your sister", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.No! He sits on his ass all day smokin\u2019 dope and jerkin\u2019 off while he plays that fuckin\u2019 game", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.In October the actor was featured in a celebrity endorsement video in which he called Trump \u201cblatantly stupid\u201d, \u201ca punk\u201d, \u201ca dog\u201d, \u201ca pig\u201d, \u201ca con\u201d and \u201ca bullshit artist\u201d", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Who the fuck\u2019s the dumbass to call her \u201csexy but stupid\u201d as if she doesn\u2019t dumb herself down enough just to be AROUND Joker. omfg I need a minute", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.We\u2019ve all had those fantasies as a kid; the one where you\u2019ve finally had enough of this shit and you rip off your school uniform to reveal a black belt in kung fu and open a can of whoop-ass on some unsuspecting bully", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This is welcome news, especially because we're no longer the gayest city according to some dumb gay magazine that is barely even a magazine anymore so we won't even mention it", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "identity_attack"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A guy started trolling his 'friend' for saying stupid stuff on Facebook, but who is really the jerk here", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.YOU KNOW, LIKE IN THE VERY FIRST EPISODE OF THE FUCKING SHOW ALL THE FUCKING WAY BACK IN SEASON FUCKING ONE, FOR EXAMPLE", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.To do this, you really have to tighten your anus and have it stay that way; if you let go, you are more likely to release the fart", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": ") \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.(Look at the fucking cat look at Cao Lu and then look at Jia and then look down like \u201cfuck my life\u201d", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The devil walks around and beats the shit out of you, and demons laugh at your torment while they probably rape you and spit in your face", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This babe with long blonde hair and slim body loves sex so much that she started fucking immediately when she turned 18", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I was trying to snoop in on some shit with the Vipers and turns out she was there... then I saw that she BLEW UP A FUCKING BUILDING", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.While I do not have time to break down all of the bullshit in Trump\u2019s speech, I\u2019ve highlighted the most egregious lines and broken down why they are bullshit", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Judging by the fact that you\u2019re on the finest Melee shitpost archive known to the galaxy, you too were once a pre-pubescent esports masturbator", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If after seven years of the schmuck you want to have a beer with you've found yourself longing for the good old todays, you're just a retard", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.So I can now add \u201cbitch\u201d to the list of profanities I\u2019ve had thrown my way for failing to smile at street harassers; I\u2019d already crossed off \u201ccow\u201d, \u201cwhore\u201d, \u201cslut\u201d and \u201cc***\u201d", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I'm done with his bullshit and lies, and I'm done with his supporters and the bullshit they spew to cover for him", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I will beat your turn count the fuck out with rigging the likes of which has never been seen before on this subreddit, mark my fucking words", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I could give a fuck about your weight because things like that prove that you're an ugly person regardless", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.You then take your finger, lick it, touch it to the powder and rub it gently on your butthole", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.They called her \u201cwhite bitch,\u201d pelted her with pencils, and tossed rocks as she walked to her car, warning that she would \u201cget shot\u201d and \u201cget my ass kicked", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.EDIT)WHO THE HELL KEEPS PUTTING MY SHIT IN RANDOM GAME FORUM THREADS", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Then, you wake up from that dream and realize, holy shit, you're in Inception...but Leo's not naked next to you so you're really pissed (or really happy, depending)", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.No longer can the phrases: \u201cfuck, this corn dog is the shit\u201d, or \u201cshit, that son of a bitch has a gun\u201d be uttered without immediate dismissal from the event", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Seweid claimed in a Facebook post that Trump supporters yelled \u201cLook, it\u2019s a fucking terrorist,\u201d and \u201cGet the hell out of the country\u201d and \u201cYou don\u2019t belong here", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I dont kno what hour in the day this shit was recorded but it sounds like some 5 AM shit", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.When Thomas was read her Miranda rights by a Monroe Police Department officer, she stated that her boyfriend was a \u201cbitch,\u201d adding that he \u201cgot in her face so she beat his ass,\u201d according to a May 16 probable cause affidavit", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Editor's note: Think that Clive Martin is being a stupid garbage person who doesn't know when to keep his dumb mouth shut about shit he doesn't understand", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.No bandmates blocking my cock, no heavy gear breaking my back, and no shitty 30-year-old van getting 8 miles per gallon", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Like your mate putting his dirty socks in the damn hamper, for example", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This one has been used to prove that masturbation is evil and punishable by death, so much so that the words masturbation and onanism are synonymous", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cHe was openly flirtatious, he grabbed my ass, he talked about sex to me and in front of me", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.What the hell is one supposed to say in response to this class of thing, except, you\u2019re a dick", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cWell, Donald Trump maybe because his views on the environment are pretty f***ing scary, and that will affect my children,\u201d he told the online magazine, before going on to dismiss all politicians as \u201cf****** idiots\u201d", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I got shit to say and you\u2019re a fucking idiot if you think I can be shut up", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.So I piss all in ther elike thighs out man, cock o the walk, yeah I'm the best fucken sculler you ever got your hot load boilin for, mamanger creep, gimme the gig, you'd be lucky if yyou had me in there", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If yo' lil pimp knows how tha fuck ta have empathy fo' others, then he'll be able ta peep tha ghetto from a mo' judgment-free perspectizzle n' is ghon be able ta put his dirty ass up in one of mah thugsz shoes", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And, of course, all straight males are pedophiles, because all straight males are sexually attracted to fifteen year old girls with delicious breasts, bouncy buttocks, and slim waists", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.You\u2019d have one two-fingered hand swinging from your face \u2013 a hand as sensitive as tumescent genitals, but which could smash a wall or pick a cherry", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It is, in fact, the same goddamn gnome I carried through Episode goddamn Two, for the same goddamn reason: there was an achievement for it", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If it weren\u2019t for the heaping pile of dog shit that is Burger King (other than chicken fries, shout out chicken fries), more people would be woke to the fact that McDonald\u2019s is a cancer on the American culture", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I've lost family members due to those arseholes in the 1940s BUT if some idiot wants to glorify them on these key-cap designs with their moronic Logo, then let him", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The ideal position is similar to trying to take a shit in a public toilet and not wanting your ass to touch the nasty ass toilet", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Our analysis reveals a dearth of fucks in the District relative to the rest of the nation; the local fuck frequency in D.C. is a scant 11.7 per 1000 tweets", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cI need to say some shit about the UTR, and I need to say some shit about racism, \u2019cause I\u2019m not fucking racist, I\u2019m Spanish,\u201d he said on the Facebook Live video", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It\u2019s bullshit, and I\u2019m going to tell you why it\u2019s bullshit, but first let me lay some context down for you", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.These days, everyone likes to laugh and point fingers at our dumb idiot ancestors who were so dumb, they thought the Irish were bad immigrants", "answer groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This week, Dick Metcalf has been fired by his longtime employer and cursed, threatened and damned by many of his former readers for something he wrote", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This is great news for Ponzis who want free money from stupid lenders, but it\u2019s a dangerous warning for all of us who supplied taxpayer bailout money to the stupid bankers who gave out free money last time", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He called the airport cops\u2026 No shit, I was just detained at SFO for 30 minutes for calling someone a sissy", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.When I told him all the sports the school offered sucked and I hated teams because people sucked too, he suggested boxing", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Then they put a stick of bacon in it. And then a motherf***ing beef straw.It\u2019s brunch in a glass. It\u2019s the liquid equivalent of taking two defibrillation paddles to the chest. And most importantly, it\u2019s real.Real ridiculous, but who cares", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The God Of Fuck was performing at Budapest Open Air on July 20, when he premiered the tracks \u2018Say10\u2019, \u2018We Know Where You Fucking Live\u2019, \u2018Heaven Upside Down\u2019 and \u20181\u00b0\u2019", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Free porno on the Internet has become so boring so rediscover a sensual world of nude babes with luscious boobs who live to make you blow the biggest loads of jizz possible", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "profanity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.End of the day, you hit that ATWR squat/bench/total or just a huge ass PR, and you came 1st in your weight class AND the meet (too bad there was only one other guy in your class you out totaled by 300lbs) and holy shit do you feel like your balls are the size of coconuts", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit", "flirtation"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cI AM A HUGE FUCKING CHEAP ASSHOLE PLEASE SHIT IN MY SOUP\u201d is all this says", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If you\u2019re walking down the street one day, and some bitter douchebag gives you a dirty look, he may be more than just a bitter douchebag giving you a dirty look while you walk down the street", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Bill took no time in jumping on Silverman for \u201ccalling Americans stupid\u201d, Bill said that Silverman said religion was a \u201cscam\u201d, that implies that anyone that believes in it is stupid", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.She then goes onto scream \u201cF*** off cos you f*****g knew an\u2019 all", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Tebow took the much worse route of continuing to suck and refusing to try other options until a nutjob coach willing to try anything said F**k it", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u2019 \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If you found your dog pissing on a rug and then your child urinating on the dog, you would think, \u2018Yeah, I\u2019m annoyed, but they\u2019re idiots who don\u2019t know what they\u2019re doing so they get to walk away from this one", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It's a Thursday night and all my mates are off their tits on coke and shit... [we just want to] do something creative", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The short version: no embeds, don't out people's real names, don't bemuch of an asshole, body fluids are off topic, Mods reserve the right to delete, screen, and freeze the fuck out of stuff", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.If you want to call me a bitch, call me a bitch, but that\u2019s just kind of stupid", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The great \u201cGreek Empire\u201d that history books love to tout never fucking existed and your view of ancient race relations is entirely based on modern American race relations, which is ahistoric, fucked up, and racist", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.In one LSD dream, I shit all over the rug and shit all over the floor", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.People who don\u2019t know shit about any religion and yet act like they do are some of the most arrogant motherfuckers on the planet", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\\I don't hate you D*N.. but you SUCK, and I mean SUCK as a producer", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Even if you don\u2019t give a shit about making a pie crust you\u2019ll watch this damn thing from start to finish", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.In fact, if we were IRL and someone started talking shit about all trans people, I\u2019d put the liberal smack-down on their ass", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Knicks owner James Dolan is an asswipe and a schmuck, and according to the New York Post, he is also a giant asshole", "answer groups": ["insult", "toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.In this premier quality porn video content, we have the ever cute Sydney Cole bobbing up and down on a fat cock", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It sucks huge hairy balls and doubley so if you\u2019re on a budget as, of the rare as rocking horse shit plus stores there are, they are mostly heinously over priced", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I mean, I knew that 100% pure is bullshit, but I didn\u2019t know just how much bullshit. 100% bullshit", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It\u2019s just that she is out there allegedly fuckin\u2019 the rockstars of her dreams and you out there fuckin\u2019 groupies", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.On the album\u2019s first track, El-P calls his rap peers \u201cvaginas for the fame;\u201d on the second, he exhorts the naysayers in the audience to \u201crun backwards through a field of dicks;\u201d and on the third, Killer Mike brags about \u201ckilling cunts in [his] Colosseum", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A teenage girl claims that an NYPD detective raped her and another forced her to perform oral sex after she was caught smoking pot in Coney Island", "answer groups": ["severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "profanity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The child stated that the soldier then opened his trousers, showing him his erect penis, and asked him to suck his \u201cbangala\u201d (penis)", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I heard if you lie on your cock til it goes numb then it feels like you're wanking off someone else", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I say if you had a dick at one point in time, you also have all the bone structure that comes with having a dick", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Front page titles over the past three years included: \u201cMouth raping your little sister since 1905,\u201d \u201cSucking the nipple and biting the tit since 1905\u201d and \u201cPerpetuating racial stereotypes since 1905", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The hideous sounding event, billed as BYOS \u2013 Bring Your Own Semen \u2013 will teach participants to cook ejaculate into starters, mains, puddings and even drinks", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The \u201cGirls\u201d creator dressed up as a \u201cGrabbed Pussy\u201d for Halloween, a play on Donald Trump\u2019s despicable \u201cgrab them by the pussy\u201d comments from a 2005 hot mic recording leaked to the Washington Post several weeks ago", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Did you hear the one about the Amazonian fish who swam up a penis, took up residence in said penis owner\u2019s bladder, and could not be extracted due to its umbrella-like spines", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.After performing her ass off at the half-time show of Super Bowl LI, Lady Gaga was body shamed by the kind of people who think their opinions about women\u2019s bodies matter, and who want to attract other sexist misogynist assholes by taking to the internet to show off their bigotry", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The erection is caused by blood filling two main tubes that run up either side of the penis, causing the penis tissue to expand and become stiff", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.A Chinese porn addict is now recovering in hospital after undergoing intensive surgery to extract a giant live eel that had gnawed its way up his digestive tract after he shoved it up his anus", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.His penis was made using a skin graft from his arm and works via a pump hidden inside one of his testicles", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.I've tried lots of weird looking sex toys in my day, but the clit pump - which is an electronic sucking device that cups over the clitoris to engorge it with blood - looks kind of scary", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cThe penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.\u201cI\u2019m not Steve Bannon, I\u2019m not trying to suck my own cock,\u201d he said, speaking of Trump\u2019s chief strategist", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.He couldn\u2019t keep his dick up so I started watching porn, and the only thing that entertained me was butt sex", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And he added that he was \u201cembarrassed because I masturbated in the lounge, and it was possible that the ejaculate may have gone from my hands to the woman\u2019s blanket", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Actually, it probably won't do that, but it's fun to see a man who hates gay people and porn (and just about everything else that is fun and decent in modern American society) with his nose made out of an anal sex scene", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Kevin Chaney repeatedly would ask her to perform oral sex on him in the office, that he once blocked her from leaving after she rejected his request for oral sex, and that he once rubbed the zipper of her jeans with his hand", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Elephants and odd hoofed mammals (like rhinos and horses) have huge penises, that can be 1.5 m (5 ft) long, but actually the biggest penis belongs to the biggest animal: the blue whale", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.In animals with an os penis, blood pressure still plays an important role, but the pressure functions to push a bone structure into the penis in order to achieve an erection", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.And there\u2019s no better way to do that than serving an asshole a slice of truly homemade bread...leavened with the yeast of your own vagina", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": "\u201d \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.But now that I\u2019ve given birth to my own future set of tits, I know that maybe things aren\u2019t as simple as \u201cthings I can fuck\u201d and \u201cthings I could but don\u2019t want to", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.One note of advice, you know what they say, if you assume you make an ass out of \u2018u\u2019 and an ass out of \u2018me\u2019 (Ass-u-me)", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Police in southern Bangladesh say a woman cut off a man's penis during an alleged attempt to rape her and took it to a police station as evidence", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The Murfreesboro Post reports that Garner allegedly grabbed his penis and tried to take off his shorts in an attempt to perform oral sex on him", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.This AB.....well it was easier than I expected but still a pain in the ass.I was a total jerk on the muffin on this one....people said I was making them too easy", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "sexually_explicit", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.On the contrary, the Dirk Diggler of the animal kingdom has a penis up to 50 times it's body length - making it the world's largest penis, relative to size", "answer groups": ["profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Jodi Arias testified today that her Mormon boyfriend Travis Alexander forced her to have anal sex after he baptized her into the church by saying vaginal sex was off limits but 'everything else' was allowed", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Politicians face scandals not just for cheating, but for receiving oral sex in the White House, paying prostitutes to indulge their adult baby fetish, soliciting sex in airport bathrooms and sending pictures of their genitalia over social media", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.It\u2019s also a fact that orgasms after anal sex are a lot stronger than those that come from vaginal sex, and over 90% of women that have had anal in their last sexual encounter had an orgasm, which is a very important metric to keep in mind", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The Queen kicks his ass in their first fight and then proceeds to rape him in the mouth", "answer groups": ["threat", "toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.The show that brought you Michael's dick, James's ass, Aaron's eyebrows, Adam's nipples, Jack's foot & Maggie's boobs is back", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.>Derpy's ass broke your Nokia from 2001 by sitting on it (Good lord you are afraid of that ass) so no more Snake for you", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " \n\n Multi Label Question: Does this sentence satisfy any of the following definitionss? /n", "paragraph": "A threat describes an intention to inflict pain, injury, or violence against an individual or group. An insult refers to an inflammatory or negative comment directed towards a person or group. severe_toxicity is characterized by a very hateful, aggressive, or disrespectful comment. toxicity involves rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable remarks that may cause people to leave a discussion. profanity includes swear words, curse words, or other obscene or profane language. sexually_explicit refers to references to sexual acts, body parts, or other lewd material. An identity_attack involves negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their identity. Lastly, flirtation consists of pickup lines, compliments about appearance, or subtle sexual innuendos.Women with ReGS report weird sensations at the clitoris, vagina, labia and the region around the vagina, (such as on the pubic bone and the groins) and sometimes the anal region", "answer groups": ["toxicity", "profanity", "sexually_explicit"], "distractor groups": ["threat", "insult", "severe_toxicity", "identity_attack", "flirtation"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Argentine meat exports duringJan/Feb 1987 totalled 39,714 tonnes, against 36,594 tonnesshipped in the same 1986 period, National Meat board said. Shipments in tonnes with comparative figures for the 1986period, in brackets, included: beef 26,945 (20,096), horse meat3,257 (4,211) and beef offal 7,660 (10,502). Argentine's meat exports totalled 20,243 tonnes in February1987, against 19,217 tonnes shipped in the same 1986 month. Shipments in tonnes, with comparative figures for February1986, in brackets, included: beef 13,272 (11,464), horse meat1,543 (2,083) and beef offal 4,476 (4,672), the board added. Main destinations for refrigerated beef (bone inequivalent) were as follows, in tonnes, with comparativefigures for 1986 in brackets - EC 5,500 (7,900), Brazil 5,200 (unavailable), Israel 3,700(3,000), Peru 2,500 (800), Singapore 500 (300), Switzerland 500(400), Canary Islands 500 (300), Malta 500 (700), Aruba/Curazao200 (300), Chile 100 (600). Main destinations for canned meat and cooked beef (bone inequivalent), in tonnes with comparative figures for Jan/Feb1986, in brackets, were - United States 11,200 (13,400), EC 4,700 (5,100)", "answer groups": ["carcass", "livestock"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "lei", "nickel", "saudriyal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Honeywell Inc said its total debtrose by more than 85 pct in 1986, mainly due to its 1.02billion dlr acquisition of the Sperry Aerospace Group. At yearend, according to the company's 1986 annual report,Honeywell's total debt stood at 1.44 billion dlrs, comparedwith 776.6 mln dlrs in 1985. Honeywell said that if it had acquired the Sperry unit atthe beginning of 1986, its loss for the full year would havebeen 9.88 dlrs a share. Honeywell's actual loss in 1986 was 8.33 dlrs a share", "answer groups": ["acq", "earn"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "tin", "ship", "sun-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Regency Cruises Inc said it agreed tosell a 40 pct interest in the corporation that owns the M/VRegent Sea cruise ship for 2.1 mln dlrs to MonmouthInternational SA, which owns the other 60 pct. The company said it also extended a 1.7 mln dlr securedloan to Monmouth to finance completion of the renovation ofanother vessel, the M/V Regent Star, which is scheduled tobegin operating in late June. Regency Cruises, which operates both ships, received afive-year extension, to November 1995, to the Regent Sea'soriginal charter agreement, it said. It also received areduction, to 600,000 dlrs from 1.6 mln dlrs, of its totalcharter guarantee for the Regent Sea and Regent Star. Regency also reported 1986 earnings of 5,695,000 dlrs or 37cts a share on revenues of 40.9 mln dlrs. It began operationsin November 1985. In addition, the company said its bank, Irving Bank Corp, agreed to waive a one mln dlr counter guarantee for thebank to provide a 2.6 mln dlrs guarantee for Regency's FederalMaritime Commission bond. The company said after April 3 the exercise price of itswarrants will return to two dlrs until they expire April 21.The price had been reduced to 1.50 dlrs for the three weeksending April 3", "answer groups": ["ship", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["nickel", "pet-chem", "carcass", "wpi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Swift Independent Packing Co said itagreed in principle to sell its Huron, South Dakota, pork plantto Huron Dressed Beef, for undisclosed terms. Completion of the proposed transaction is subject toHuron's ability to hire an experienced work force atcompetitive rates, and receive government approval of thepurchase and operation of the plant, Swift said", "answer groups": ["livestock", "carcass", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["soy-oil", "rand", "fishmeal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "North Korea unveiled plans to boostindustrial and agricultural production sharply over the nextseven years and to greatly expand its foreign trade. Prime Minister Li Gun-mo told the eighth Supreme People'sAssembly in Pyongyang that North Korea intends to increaseinternational trade by 220 pct in the period 1987/93, grossindustrial output by 90 pct and agricultural production by 40pct, according to the North Korean Central News Agency,monitored here", "answer groups": ["trade", "ipi"], "distractor groups": ["rand", "groundnut-oil", "potato", "lin-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": " saidthe value of its oil and gas reserves increased by 19 pct to52.6 mln dlrs from 44.2 mln dlrs reported at year-end 1985,according to an independent appraisal. Orbit said it has reserves of 2.4 mln barrels of oil andnatural gas liquids and 67.2 billion cubic feet of natural gas. In addition, 75 pct owned hasCanadian reserves of 173,000 barrels of oil and 1.6 bcf ofnatural gas with a current value of 2.2 mln dlrs, Orbit said", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["sfr", "orange", "instal-debt", "bfr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A range of substantial policyinitiatives need to be implemented to shift resources fromconsumption to production in the Zimbabwe economy, says theZimbabwe Banking Corporation (ZBC) in its quarterly economicreview. The state owned banking group says although Zimbabwe'sbalance of payments improved significantly last year theunderlying position deteriorated. Last year's improved tradesurplus was partly the result of sales of stockpiled gold andcontinued import restraint. It says debt service charges are projected to exceed 35 pctof exports in 1987 and warns against squeezing imports further. ZBC says mining industry import quotas for the first sixmonths of 1987 have been halved and those for manufacturingindustry cut by a third. It contrasts the performance of manufacturing industry in1967 to 1974, with that since independence in 1980. Industrialproduction almost doubled between 1967 and 1974, when foreigncurrency allocations almost trebled in real terms. Since 1980, import allocations have been cut 45 pct and theZimbabwe dollar has depreciated by more than 60 pct. As aresult the bank says the external purchasing power of foreigncurrency allocations is currently only 20 pct of its 1980levels", "answer groups": ["ipi", "trade", "bop"], "distractor groups": ["alum", "housing", "wheat"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cominco Ltd's 3,200unionized workers at its Trail and Kimberley, British Columbialead-zinc operations voted 94 pct in favor of authorizing apossible strike, the union said in reply to an inquiry. Their two-year contracts expire on April 30. A spokesman for the United Steelworkers of America, whichrepresents the workers, reiterated that private mediation talksare set for Monday and that no strike date had been set. The union has said it is asking for a three pct wage hikein each year of a proposed two-year contract, while Cominco hasoffered a 40 ct an hour increase in the third year of aproposed contract if workers agree to loosen rules on jobclassifications. The average unionized worker's wage is now about 14.78 dlrsan hour. Cominco's Trail operations produced 240,000 long tons ofzinc and 110,000 long tons of lead in 1986. The Sullivan mineat Kimberley produced 2.2 mln long tons of ore last year, mostfor processing at the Trail smelter", "answer groups": ["lead", "zinc"], "distractor groups": ["earn", "nzdlr", "palmkernel", "cruzado"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Japan's Jiji Press quoted Bank of JapanGovernor Satoshi Sumita as telling Japanese reporters thecentral bank will continue determined market intervention toprevent a further rise in the value of the yen. Sumita, who is attending an annual meeting of the AsianDevelopment Bank, also said he does not think the yen willcontinue to rise, Jiji reported. He said the Bank of Japan iskeeping close contact with other major industrial nations onconcerted market intervention, Jiji said. He said coordinatedintervention is the only way to stop the dollar from droppingtoo fast, Jiji said. The dollar fell below 138 yen today", "answer groups": ["dlr", "money-fx", "yen"], "distractor groups": ["cottonseed", "fuel", "sorghum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Monsanto Chemical Company, a unit ofMonsanto Co , is to acquire the polyphenyls business ofRhone-Poulenc Chimie, a unit of Rhone-Poulenc ,Monsanto said in a statement issued from its Europeanheadquarters. The statement did not disclose financial details. Gustaaf Francx, general manager of Monsanto Chemical CoEurope-Africa, said the acquisition would help Monsanto toexpand its customer base for polyphenyls, which are used ascomponents for high temperature heat transfer fluids", "answer groups": ["acq", "pet-chem"], "distractor groups": ["rape-oil", "can", "strategic-metal", "wpi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Monsanto Co said it is acquiringcertain commerical assets of polyphenyl business. Terms of the transaction were not disclosed. Among the assets being acquired are its polyphenyl businessworldwide, including biphenyl and the heat transfer fluidGilotherm TH, together with associated manufacturing andapplication technology, Monsanto said", "answer groups": ["acq", "pet-chem"], "distractor groups": ["oat", "lead", "rupiah", "yen"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Credit Corporation(CCC) has transferred 21.0 mln dlrs in credit guaranteespreviously earmarked for sales of U.S. corn and 5.0 mln dlrsfor sales of oilseeds to increase available coverage on salesof U.S. poultry meat to Iraq, the U.S. Agriculture Departmentsaid. The department said the action was taken at the request ofIraq's State Trade Organization for Grains and Foodstuffs. The guarantee line for sales of corn has been reduced from78.0 mln dlrs to 57.0 mln and the line for oilseeds from 5.0mln dlrs to zero. The guarantee line for sales of frozen poultry has beenincreased from 30.0 mln dlrs to 56.0 mln dlrs, USDA said", "answer groups": ["grain", "oilseed", "livestock", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["pet-chem", "can"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Japanese crushers bought 5,000 tonnesof Canadian rapeseed in export business overnight for lateMay/early June shipment, trade sources said", "answer groups": ["rapeseed", "oilseed"], "distractor groups": ["zinc", "instal-debt", "lumber", "dlr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it forecast ashortage of around 800 mln stg in the money market today. Among the main factors affecting liquidity, bills maturingin official hands and the take-up of treasury bills will drainsome 1.61 billion stg. Partly offsetting this outflow, exchequer transactions anda fall in note circulation will add around 425 mln stg and 360mln stg respectively. In addition, bankers' balances abovetarget will add some 20 mln stg to the system today", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["sun-meal", "skr", "sorghum", "saudriyal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone said thedollar's sharp fall against the yen overnight was onlytemporary. The dollar dropped sharply in New York after news that PaulVolcker would step down as chairman of the U.S. FederalReserve. Nakasone told reporters he did not expect U.S. Policy tochange after Volcker steps down", "answer groups": ["yen", "money-fx", "dlr"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "f-cattle", "rand"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it provided themoney market with help of 97 mln stg in the morning session. This compares with the Bank's revised estimate of a 750 mlnstg shortage in the system today. The central bank bought bank bills outright comprising 12mln stg in band one at 9-7/8 pct and 85 mln stg in band two at9-13/16 pct", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["groundnut-oil", "oilseed", "cotton", "stg"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Winter kill has probably affected WestGerman winter barley and rapeseed to an above average degreethis season, West German grain trader Alfred C. Toepfer said inits latest report. It is too soon to assess the extent of the damage, but itis likely that northern West German crops are particularly atrisk because of insufficient snow cover, it said. The soil needs to warm up rapidly and moisture content mustimprove to avoid further delays to spring field work, it added", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "rapeseed", "barley", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["money-supply", "income"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The premiers of Canada'seastern provinces and the governors of America's New Englandstates urged development of Canada's offshore oil and gasfields and construction of a pipeline from Nova Scotia to NewEngland. Newfoundland premier Brian Peckford, speaking to the annualconference of New England and eastern Canadian leaders, saiddevelopment would prevent a repetition of the energy crisis ofthe early 1970s. The group also agreed to discuss energy and security ofsupply next spring. Drilling off Canada's Atlantic coast has stalled sinceworld oil prices began tumbling two years ago. The resolutionsupporting a natural gas pipeline from Nova Scotia to NewEngland has been on the agenda for six years, and this is thesixth year it has been approved. The two-day conference ends tomorrow", "answer groups": ["nat-gas", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["sfr", "money-supply", "linseed", "instal-debt"]}, {"question": "> What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "said it successfully drilled and completed a significantdevelopment well 65 miles southwest of Houston, Texas. The well has a choke of 11/64 of an inch and is 10,097 feetdeep. The well initially tested at a maximum daily flow rate oftwo mln cubic feet of gas and 304 barrels of condensate. Participants in the new well, along with Sterling, areTrafalgar House Ltd of the U.K. and and three companies producing grocery products for 180mln dlrs. Borden said the four companies are expected to have 1987sales totaling 230 mln dlrs. It said Prince, a Lowell, Mass., producer of pasta andItalian food sauces, is expected to account for 210 mln dlrs ofthis total. This year's sales of Borden pasta -- by the 13regional brands and the premium Creamette brand distributed ona nearly national basis -- are expected to toal 285 mln dlrs,it said. Borden said the other three companies being acquired areSteero Bouillon of Jersey City, N.J., Blue Channel Inc, aBeaufort, S.C., producer of canned crabmeat, and the cannedshrimp products line of DeJean Packing Inc of Biloxi, Miss. Borden also said the divestment of three operations withabout 50 mln dlrs a year in sales is expected to produce nearly45 mln dlrs in cash for use toward the purchase of newbusinesses. It said the sale of Polyco of Cincinnati, Ohio, which makespolyvinyl acetate emulsions, to Rohm and Haas Co wasannounced by the buyer last month. Borden said the divestment of two producers of toy modelsand hobby items -- Heller in France and Humbrol in England --is in process", "answer groups": ["pet-chem", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "heat", "lei", "lumber"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": " said anewly-formed subsidiary, the group, hasnegotiated an exclusive long-term contract with Spain's to market its zinc metal exports. Metal Traders said in a statement the contract wouldunderpin the worldwide zinc, copper and lead trading activitiesof Austmet, a wholly-owned London-based company with a U.S.Unit in Stamford, Connecticut. Austmet has recruited a group of base metal traders,currently operating out of Britain and the U.S., Who havehandled Asturiana's business for the past five years, it said. Asturiana has a three-year option to purchase 25 pct of theAustmet group, to be priced on an independent valuation at thetime of exercise, Metal Traders said. Austmet will have an initial equity base of one mln stg, aturnover of 200 mln Australian dlrs rising to 300 mln in thefirst year, and credit lines of up to 30 mln U.S. Dlrs. Austmet should be generating profits from July 1 and a1.5-2.5 mln dlr net is envisaged within two years, it said. Metal Traders said Asturiana has the largest zinc smeltingcapacity in Europe -- nearly 200,000 tonnes a year of 99.995pct high-grade zinc, at Aviles in northern Spain. Metal Traders, a listed company, was formerly whose chief activity was the development andmarketing of high-technology smelting processes invented inAustralia, notably the Siromelt Zinc Fuming Process. But in late 1986, control of the company changed and itexpanded by acquisition into metal trading in Australia andAsia. It then changed its name. It also has the marketing contract for mineral sandsproduced by , of which it holds 17.5 pct. In today's statement, Metal Traders also said it isreviewing possible acquisition of a mineral producer", "answer groups": ["zinc", "lead", "copper"], "distractor groups": ["cruzado", "coconut", "oilseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Indonesia will build a crude palm oilterminal at a new port on Batam island, south of Singapore,Research and Technology Minister Yusuf Habibie said. The terminal will be able to handle 2.1 mln tonnes of crudepalm oil from new plantations in northern Sumatra and westernKalimantan (Borneo), he said. A tender for engineering work on the Asia Port project willbe offered mid-year. Habibie did not say when the terminal wasexpected to be operational", "answer groups": ["ship", "palm-oil", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["rye", "palladium", "wpi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "India's castor oil exports areprovisionally estimated at 30,000 tonnes in fiscal 1986/87,ending March 31, against 54,000 tonnes in 1985/86 due to ashortfall in the domestic castorseed crop, private traderssaid. Drought in parts of the country is expected to reduce thecastorseed crop to a provisionally estimated 350,000 tonnes in1986/87 from 550,000 tonnes in 1985/86, they told Reuters", "answer groups": ["castor-oil", "veg-oil", "castorseed", "oilseed"], "distractor groups": ["reserves", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": " said itagreed to issue 7.8 mln treasury shares to acquire interests inthree gold mining companies in Brazil and an option to increasethe company's interest in a platinum property. The company said the transactions will bring immediateproduction and earnings to Consolidated TVX, enhance itsprecious metal potential and is expected to improve cash flowand earnings on a per share basis. The company did not givespecific figures. Consolidated TVX said it will acquire 29 pct of CMP, apublic gold mining company in which TVX already holds a 15 pctinterest, making TVX the largest single shareholder. The company also agreed to acquire a 19 pct stake in NovoAstro, a private company, and a 16 pct interest in Teles PiresMining, increasing the TVX's ownership to 51 pct. In addition, Consolidated TVX said it will acquire theright to add a 10 pct interest to a platinum property in whichit already owns a 29.4 pct stake. CMP earned 11 mln Canadian dlrs in 1986 and expects toproduce 42,000 ounces of gold in 1987 at a cost of 160 U.S.dlrs an ounce, Consolidated TVX said. Novo Astro operates Brazil's richest gold mine located inAmapa State, with an average grade of 0.8 ounces of gold a tonin a hardrock quartz vein, Consolidated TVX said. Mining ofeluvial surface material produced 25,000 ounces in 1986 and isexpected to produce 60,000 ounces in 1987. It also said Teles Pires Mining controls rights to a 350kilometer section of the Teles Pires River, where one dredge isexpected to produce 10,000 ounces of gold in 1987", "answer groups": ["platinum", "acq", "gold"], "distractor groups": ["castor-oil", "bfr", "lin-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Indian State Trading Corporation(STC) bought a 20,000 tonne cargo of optional origin rapeseedoil at its vegetable oil import tender yesterday, traders said.The oil was for June 20/July 20 shipment at 321 dlrs per tonnecif. Traders said the STC attempted to buy eight cargoes ofprocessed palm oil but its price ideas were too low forexporters. It also failed to secure soyoil for the same reason,they said", "answer groups": ["veg-oil", "rape-oil"], "distractor groups": ["livestock", "pet-chem", "linseed", "inventories"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Federal Reserve is expected toenter the U.S. Government securities market to add temporaryreserves, economists said. They expect it to supply the reserves indirectly byarranging around 1.5 of customer repurchase agreements. Federal funds, which averaged 6.22 pct yesterday, opened atsix pct and remained there in early trading", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["rye", "cotton", "fishmeal", "alum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Credit Corp (CCC) hasaccepted bids for export bonuses to cover sales of 340,000tonnes of hard red winter wheat and 210,000 tonnes of soft redwinter wheat to China, the U.S. Agriculture Department said. The bonuses awarded averaged 36.22 dlrs per tonne, and thewheat is scheduled for delivery during May-Oct 1987. The bonus awards were made to Cargill, Inc (305,000tonnes), Continental Grain Co (155,000 tonnes), MitsubishiInternational Corp (60,000 tonnes) and Richco Grain Co (30,000tonnes). Bonuses will be paid to the exporters in the form ofcommodities from CCC stocks. The purchases complete the Export Enhancement Programinitiative for China announced Jan 26", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["sorghum", "money-supply", "dkr", "tapioca"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Changes by the USDA in its posted countyprices have successfully increased PIK-and-roll activity as away to pull corn out of government stockpiles, with theresulting jump in free supplies pressuring terminal corn basisvalues, cash grain dealers said. Processors dropped spot Chicago corn basis bids three centsafter covering most of the April needs this week, with rivercorn basis bids following CIF Gulf corn values lower. The surge in PIK-and-roll also pressured corn futures, withMay settling today down three cents per bushel at 1.58-1/2dlrs, near the contract low of 1.49-1/4 dlrs. But unlike in thepast when lower prices slowed country movement, now lowercounty prices widen the differentials with the corn loan andmake PIK-and-roll even more attractive, they noted", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["castorseed", "nkr", "skr", "carcass"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Colombian exports other than coffee rose55 pct in January compared with the same period last year,figures from the government statistics institute show. Non-coffee exports amounted to 180.8 mln dlrs fob comparedwith 147.5 mln dlrs for coffee, a drop of 42 pct from lastyear. The trade balance registered a 35 mln dlr surplus, comparedwith a 56 mln dlr surplus in January 1986. The national planning department forecast that in 1987coffee, Colombia's traditional major export, will account foronly one third of total exports, or about 1.5 billion dlrs", "answer groups": ["trade", "coffee"], "distractor groups": ["jet", "nickel", "barley", "peseta"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "ABM Gold Corp will use the proceeds ofan initial public offering of seven mln shares of stock at 10dlrs a share to increase its interest in three Canadiancompanies, said co-managing underwriters PaineWebber Inc andAdvest Inc. ABM Gold manages and develops properties of Sonora GoldCorp , Goldenbell Resources Inc , United GoldCorp and Inca Resources Inc . Proceeds will be used to raise its stake in Sonora, buy a15 pct interest in the net profits of Sonora's Jamestown mine,and buy capital stock of Goldenball and United, they said. ABM Gold explores, acquires and develops gold properties inCalifornia, and also processes gold-bearing ore into goldbullion. The co-managing underwriters said they are selling 3.5 mlnshares in the U.S. and Canada, while an interational offeringwill be managed by PaineWebber International. The underwritershave been granted an option to buy up to an additional 105,000shares to cover over-allotments", "answer groups": ["gold", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["dmk", "cottonseed", "hk", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Turkish Central Bank set alira/dollar rate for April 2 of 780.00/783.90 to the dollar,down from the previous 777.00/780.89. The Bank also set alira/mark rate of 429.15/431.30 to the mark, up from theprevious 430.50/432.65", "answer groups": ["dmk", "dlr", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["dfl", "groundnut", "zinc"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Italy has shown interest in British newcrop wheat recently but the actual volume booked so far byItalian buyers has not been large, traders said. They put purchases at around 50,000 tonnes for Sept/Decshipments but said some of the business was transacted at thestart of the year. Italian interior home markets have been active in recentweeks and traders said around 200,000 tonnes have tradedbetween dealers and home consumers. Some of this has beencovered in the market here and more possibly will be, traderssaid", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["money-supply", "heat", "retail", "meal-feed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Chicago Mercantile Exchange floortraders and commission house representatives are guesstimatingtoday's hog slaughter at about 280,000 to 300,000 head versus294,000 week ago and 303,000 a year ago. Cattle slaughter is guesstimated at about 120,000 to126,000 head versus 120,000 week ago and 124,000 a year ago", "answer groups": ["livestock", "hog"], "distractor groups": ["lumber", "cottonseed", "lead", "oat"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "February volume at the Chicago Board ofTrade, CBT, declined 14 pct from the year-ago month to8,191,266 contracts, the exchange said. A relatively steady interest rate climate reduced volume inthe most active contract, Treasury bond futures, by 17.5 pctfrom a year ago to 4,307,645 contracts. However, trading in most agricultural futures contractsincreased last month, led by oats and corn futures. Oats volume tripled to 27,662 contracts, and corn volumeincreased 35 pct to 580,204 contracts. Wheat and soybean oilfutures activity also rose from a year ago, while soybean andsoybean oil volume slipped, the exchange said. Major Market Index futures increased activity 37 pct duringthe month with 194,697 contracts changing hands", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn", "oilseed", "oat", "soybean"], "distractor groups": ["copper"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Honduras will tender April 2 forU.S. and non-U.S. flag vessels to import 19,369 tonnes of wheatin bulk, an agent for the country said. The agent said Honduras is seeking vessels to deliver 7,369 tonnes during a period that includes laydays of April15-30, and 12,000 tonnes with laydays of May 15-30. Offers are due no later than 1200 hrs EST, April 2, andwill remain valid through the close of business the followingday, the agent said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "ship", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["soy-meal", "cocoa", "bop"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it had providedthe money market with a further 168 mln stg assistance in theafternoon session. This takes the Bank's total help so fartoday to 1.88 billion stg and compares with its estimate of arecord two billon stg shortage in the system. The central bank purchased bank bills outright comprising25 mln stg in band one at 9-7/8 pct, 138 mln stg in band two at9-13/16 pct and three mln stg in band three at 9-3/4 pct. It also bought two mln stg of treasury bills in band two at9-13/16 pct", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["oat", "castor-oil", "alum", "cpu"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Australian beef output is forecast todecline to 1.34 mln tonnes carcass weight in 1987 and 1.36 mlnin 1988 from 1.44 mln in 1986, the Australian Meat andLive-Stock Corp (AMLC) said. Exports of beef/veal are also predicted to decline to480,000 tonnes shipped weight in 1987 from 515,000 in 1986, andthen rally to 490,000 in 1988, the AMLC said in a summary ofits bi-annual meat and livestock forecasts. It sees cattle numbers remaining at around the 1986 levelof 23.2 mln beasts in both years because herd rebuilding isexpected to be slower than previously forecast. Beef producers are becoming more confident that higherreturns in the market, both domestically and overseas, willcontinue, the AMLC said. The slow herd build-up and the forecast lower production isexpected to bring about a slight drop in both export anddomestic consumption this year, it said. The forecast does not assume a turnaround in productionlevels until late next year. It said the outlook for beef exports as a proportion ofoutput remains much the same as last year when it was around 55pct of total production. In 1985 it was 52 pct. The increase in exports of beef as a percentage ofproduction has mainly been attributed to the decline in theAustralian dollar, the AMLC said. It also forecast that Australia's four major markets, theU.S., Japan, Canada and Taiwan, will continue to dominate thechilled and frozen beef export markets. They take collectivelyaround 94 pct of total Australian exports", "answer groups": ["livestock", "carcass"], "distractor groups": ["nkr", "soy-oil", "soybean", "peseta"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. exporters will have theopportunity to sell an additional 300,000 tonnes of U.S. durumwheat to Algeria under the Export Enhancement Program, EEP, theU.S. Agriculture Department said. The department said the sales will be subsidized withcommodities from the Commodity Credit Corporation, CCC,inventory and the subsidy will enable U.S. exports to competeat commercial prices in the Algerian market. Algeria has already purchased 300,000 tonnes of U.S. durumwheat under a previous export enhancement initiative announcedNovember 10, 1986, it said. Details of the latest initiative, including an invitationfor offers from exporters, will be issued in the near future,the department said", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["dfl", "iron-steel", "earn", "plywood"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Australian wheat shipments rose to1.33 mln tonnes in February from 1.01 mln in January, anAustralian Wheat Board official said. February's shipments were down on the 1.54 mln tonnesshipped in February 1986. Cumulative shipments for the first five months of theOctober/September wheat year were 6.12 mln tonnes, as against6.54 mln a year earlier, the official said. The major destinations in February were: China (419,196tonnes), Egypt (301,909), Iraq (142,055), Japan (110,261),South Korea (100,847) and the Soviet Union (100,056 tonnes)", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["dmk", "income", "tin", "cornglutenfeed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dutch soymeal imports fellto 75,500 tonnes in January from 97,070 in December and 120,228in January 1986, Central Bureau of Statistics figures show. The U.S. Was the largest supplier in January with 38,760tonnes, down from 46,899 in December and 63,111 in January1986. Brazil supplied 1,263 tonnes in January, down from 7,411 inDecember and 27,088 in January 1986. Dutch imports of Argentine soymeal in January were 34,663tonnes, down from 41,365 tonnes in December but above the13,375 tonnes in the year ago month. Total Dutch exports of soymeal in January were 128,015tonnes, down from 133,559 tonnes in December and 155,050exported in January 1986. European Community countries were the main destinations forDutch soymeal exports with 102,355 tonnes compared with 124,026in December and 116,080 in January 1986. Among third country destinations, the Soviet Union was thelargest costumer in January, taking 11,985 tonnes compared withnil in December and 26,074 tonnes in January 1986", "answer groups": ["soy-meal", "meal-feed"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "cotton-oil", "nickel", "tapioca"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A total of 1.886 mln hectares was sownto wheat in Britain, excluding Northern Ireland, up to December1, 1986 for the 1987 crop, a Ministry of Agriculture censusshows. It compares with 1.925 mln planted in the same period 1985. The barley area was unchanged at 952,000 ha, but oilseedrape increased to 393,000 from 333,000 ha", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["red-bean", "groundnut-oil", "saudriyal", "cpu"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "mexico's proven reserves of liquidhydrocarbons at end-1986 were 70 billion barrels, slightly downfrom 70.9 billion a year ago and 71.75 billion in 1984, thestate oil company petroleos mexicanos (pemex) announced. Reserves were just 5.77 billion barrels in 1974, rosesharply to 40.19 billion in 1978 and flattened out at 72billion in both 1981 and 1982. In its annual report, pemex said average crude output in1986 was 2.43 mln barrels per day, 202,000 bpd down on 1985.Average exports were 1.29 mln bpd, down from 1.44 mln bpd. The company did not say what percentage of hydrocarbons wascrude oil, but has previouly said it was about 48 pct. Natural gas output in 1986 was 3.43 billion cubic feet perday, down from 3.6 billion in 1985. Due mainly to the fall in oil prices to around 12 dlrs from25 dlrs in the year, 58 wells, both exploratory and production,were suspended, 38 of them in less productive areas than theoffshore campeche fields which accounted for 64 pct ofproduction", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["jobs", "linseed", "wpi", "jet"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "India is reported to have bought twowhite sugar cargoes for April/May shipment at its tender todaynear 227 dlrs a tonne cost and freight and could be seeking athird cargo, traders said. A British operator is believed to have sold one of thecargoes, while an Austrian concern is thought to have featuredin the second cargo sale, they said", "answer groups": ["ship", "sugar"], "distractor groups": ["inventories", "tea", "sun-meal", "f-cattle"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of Japan bought a modest amountof dollars at around 145.10 yen just after the market hereopened, dealers said. Just before the opening, the dollar dropped swiftly asspeculators concluded the Group of Seven (G-7) comminuiqueissued in Washington contained nothing basically new, theysaid. It fell about a half yen, to around 145. The G-7 reaffirmed that their currencies around currentlevels reflect economic fundamentals. One dealer said the Bank of Japan probably intervened inAustralia before the opening here, but could not confirm this", "answer groups": ["dlr", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["sun-oil", "interest", "barley", "platinum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. oil demand as measured byproducts supplied rose 2.3 pct in the four weeks ended March 13to 16.49 mln barrels per day (bpd) from 16.11 mln in the sameperiod a year ago, the Energy Information Administration (EIA)said. In its weekly petroleum status report, the EnergyDepartment agency said distillate demand was up 2.9 pct in theperiod to 3.43 mln bpd from 3.33 mln a year earlier. Gasoline demand averaged 6.93 mln bpd, up 4.0 pct from 6.67mln last year, while residual fuel demand was 1.31 mln bpd, off7.9 pct from 1.42 mln, the EIA said. Domestic crude oil production was estimated at 8.36 mlnbpd, down 8.1 pct from 9.10 mln a year ago, and gross dailycrude imports (excluding those for the SPR) averaged 3.70 mlnbpd, up 24.8 pct from 2.96 mln, the EIA said. Refinery crude runs in the four weeks were 11.92 mln bpd,up 1.0 pct from 11.80 mln a year earlier, it said. Year-to-date figures will not become available until March26 when EIA's Petroleum Supply Monthly data for January 1987becomes available, the agency said", "answer groups": ["crude", "gas"], "distractor groups": ["nkr", "cocoa", "linseed", "sun-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Jacobs Suchard AG expects a world cocoasurplus of around 100,000 tonnes in 1987 compared with a104,000 tonne surplus in 1986, Jens Sroka, head of commoditybuying, told a news conference. The company expects prices to remain at around currentlevels despite the likelihood of agreement on buffer stockrules at the forthcoming London cocoa talks, and believesmarket intervention by the buffer stock manager would stabiliseprices. Sroka said world coffee prices are expected to remain weakif any international coffee talks fail to produce agreement. Sroka said stagnating consumption and slight overproductionwill continue to weigh on coffee prices and he forecast acontinued build-up in stocks. The recent failure of the London coffee talks had surprisedmarket observers. Unless reason prevails and the major producers return tothe conference table, the world coffee market will remain freeand the consequences for some producers dependant on coffee fortheir foreign exchange earnings would be catastrophic, Srokaadded", "answer groups": ["coffee", "cocoa"], "distractor groups": ["groundnut-oil", "gold", "lumber", "ipi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it operated inthe money market this afternoon, buying 226 mln stg in bills. In band one, the central bank bought 37 mln stg treasurybills and 72 mln stg bank bills at 9-7/8 pct together with 117mln stg band two bank bills at 9-13/16 pct. This brings total money market help so far today to 241 mlnstg and compares with the Bank's revised estimate of a 350 mlnstg shortfall", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["gas", "lit", "rape-meal", "tea"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "SAFT, a unit of Cie Generaled'Electricite of France, said it bought U.K.-based Alcad Ltdfrom Penn Central Corp's Marathon Manufacturing Cos Inc. Terms of the deal were not disclosed. Alcad is one of the world's largest producers ofpocket-plate nickel-cadmium storeage batteries, used inindustrial and railroad applications to start engines and aslight sources, SAFT said. SAFT said it expects to add 400 jobs at the U.K.operations", "answer groups": ["acq", "strategic-metal", "nickel"], "distractor groups": ["platinum", "tea", "coconut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "China has switched purchases of U.S.wheat totaling 60,000 tonnes from the 1986/87 season, whichbegan June 1, to 1987/88 season delivery, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment said. The department said outstanding wheat sales to China forthe current season amount to 90,000 tonnes and sales fordelivery in the 1987/88 season amount to 910,000 tonnes. Total corn commitments for the 1986/87 season total1,015,800 tonnes, the department said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["cocoa", "housing", "copra-cake"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "World seaborne iron ore imports willfall sharply by the year 2000 with declining imports to the ECand Japan only partially offset by increased demand from SouthEast Asia, a report by Ocean Shipping Consultants said. The report predicts annual world seaborne iron ore importsof 267.7 mln tonnes by 2000 versus 312.4 mln tonnes in 1985. It estimates that total bulk shipping demand from the ironore sector will fall by almost 10 pct, or 200 billion tonnemiles, with shipping demand associated with the coking tradedown about 17 pct or 130 billion tonne miles. The report sees EC imports falling to 91.7 mln tonnes in2000 from 123.6 mln in 1985 with Japanese imports falling to 89mln from 124.6 mln tonnes. Imports to South East Asia are seenrising to 58.6 mln from 32.6 mln tonnes in 1985. It predicts that EC steel production will fall to 109 mlntonnes in 2000 from 135.7 mln in 1985 with Japanese productionfalling to 92 mln from 105.3 mln. South Korea and Taiwan are expected to double their outputto 40 mln tonnes with Chinese production increasing by 25 mlntonnes to 80 mln, it added", "answer groups": ["iron-steel", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["lin-oil", "interest", "alum", "naphtha"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department iscurrently discussing an amendment to a PL 480 agreement signedwith Morocco on January 22, but the mix of commodities underthe amendment has not been determined, a U.S. AgricultureDepartment official said. The official noted the agreement signed in January providedfor the supply of about 55,000 tonnes of vegetable oil, 55,000tonnes of corn and 126,000 tonnes of wheat, all for deliveryduring the current fiscal year, ending this September 30. No purchase authorizations for the commodities provided inthe January agreement have been announced by the department", "answer groups": ["corn", "wheat", "grain", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["pork-belly", "tapioca"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Dutch central bank said it hasaccepted bids totalling 6.5 billion guilders at tender for neweleven-day special advances at 5.3 pct covering the periodMarch 9 to 20 aimed at relieving money market tightness. Subscriptions to 500 mln guilders were met in full, amountsabove 500 mln at 35 pct. The new facility replaces old seven-day advances worth 4.8billion guilders at the same rate", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["alum", "livestock", "silver", "hog"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The European Community's, EC, cerealmanagement committee granted export licences for 5,000 tonnesof quality soft bread-making wheat at a maximum export rebateof 134.75 European currency units, Ecus, per tonne, traderssaid. The committee also granted export certificates of 35,000tonnes of barley at 137.35 Ecus per tonne, but rejected allbids for the export of soft feed wheat, they said. Certificates were also granted for the export of 15,000tonnes of maize at a maximum rebate of 132.90 Ecus per tonne,the traders said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain", "corn", "barley"], "distractor groups": ["gold", "cocoa"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The number of seismic crewssearching for oil and gas in the United States dropped by nineto a total of 151 crews, a decrease of six pct from January,the Society of Exploration Geophysicists said. The February total represented a 49 pct decrease fromFebruary 1986. Worldwide, the association's monthly survey showed thatseismic exploration for oil and gas increased to 395 inFebruary, up three from the month before. Africa added threeseismic crews, the Middle East increased by two and the FarEast added one while reductions were reported in Central andSouth America, Europe and the United States", "answer groups": ["nat-gas", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["nkr", "dfl", "heat", "palm-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Soviet Union featured prominently inU.K. Grain exports outside the EC for the period July 1/March13, taking a combined total of 1.10 mln tonnes of wheat andbarley out of all-destination U.K. Exports of 7.16 mln tonnes,the Home Grown Cereals Authority said, quoting provisionalCustoms and Excise figures. The Soviet total comprises 634,000 tonnes of wheat and472,000 tonnes of barley. Grain traders said the figuresunderstate shipments already made by several thousand tonnesand they expect total U.K. Grain exports to the USSR thisseason to reach 2.5 mln tonnes, comprising 1.5 mln wheat/1.0mln barley", "answer groups": ["barley", "grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["housing", "coconut", "cornglutenfeed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Loans and advances from the DutchCentral Bank to the commercial banks fell 1.01 billion guildersto 9.5 billion guilders in the week ending March 30, the Bank'sweekly return showed. Dealers said payments by the Dutch state, partly in theform of civil service wages, had outweighed payments to theState, causing the money market deficit to ease. The Treasury's account with the Bank dropped 960 mlnguilders to 6.5 billion guilders. Liabilities in gold or foreign currency rose 200 mln to11.9 billion guilders. Dealers said it was more likely that the alteration in thisitem on the weekly return indicated normal commercial foreignexchange business rather than intervention by the Central Bank. The Bank itself does not disclose information onintervention. Seasonal variation brought bank notes in circulation up 190mln guilders to 29.7 billion guilders. Total gold and currency reserves rose 173 mln guilders to56.4 billion guilders. Call money and period rates were barely changed in theweek. Today all were traded at 5-3/8 to 5-1/2 pct", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["reserves", "income", "strategic-metal", "tapioca"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Thailand exported 75,160 tonnes of ricein the week ended March 31, down from 88,785 tonnes theprevious week, the Commerce Ministry said. It said the government and private exporters shipped 36,552and 38,608 tonnes respectively. Private exporters concluded advance weekly sales for 22,086tonnes against 44,483 tonnes the previous week. Thailand exported 1.23 mln tonnes of rice in January/March,down from 1.29 mln tonnes a year ago. It has commitments toexport another 381,171 tonnes this year", "answer groups": ["grain", "rice"], "distractor groups": ["plywood", "platinum", "rye", "sun-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Agricultural Stabilization andConservation Service (ASCS) is seeking offers to process roughrice owned by the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) anddeliver about 27.0 mln pounds of milled rice for exportshipment May 6-20 and May 21-June 5, an ASCS spokesman said. Offers must be received by 1300 CDT April 7, and successfulofferors will be notified April 10", "answer groups": ["rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["pork-belly", "f-cattle", "trade", "corn-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dry weather pushed further intoSouth Africa's Orange Free State's Maize Triangle in the weekended March 14, the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility of theU.S. Agriculture and Commerce Departments said. In a summary of its Weather and Crop Bulletin, the agencysaid scattered showers continued throughout Transvaal, but drypockets persisted in the northeast and south. Temperatures average one to four degrees C above normalthroughout all grain areas, stressing grain-filling corn inareas receiving lightest rainfall, it said. The agency said rainfall during February was near to abovenormal in most areas, but earlier periods of hot, dry weatherreduced yield prospects in parts of the northern Transvaal andsouthern Orange Free State", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["interest", "pork-belly", "castorseed", "linseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dry weather covered most Europeancrop areas in the week ended March 14, except for those insouthwestern France, southern Italy, and Greece, the JointAgricultural Weather Facility of the U.S. Agriculture andCommerce Departments said. In its International Weather and Crop sumary, the agencysaid mixed rain and snow covered Greece. Winter grains in England, France, and northern Italyremained dormant. Grains usuaually break dormancy in March. Winter grains in Eastern Europe usually break dormancy inearly April, it said. Showers improved irrigation supplies in winter wheat areasof northern Pakistan and northern India, it said. Normally, wheat harvesting is well underwaty in centralIndia and just beginnning to the north, ending in most areas bylate April. Showers improved irrigation supplies in southern India,reversing February's below-normal trend. Summer rice is usually in or nearing reproduction in mostsouthern areas, it said. In the Philippines, most rainfall was restricted to thecentral islands, continuing February's drying trend in Luzonand southern Mindanao. Locally heavy showers dotted Indonesia and Malaysia asrainfall generally decreased eastward through the islands. In February locally heavy showers may have caused floodingin Java, it said. The second cnsecutive week of dry weather stressed Moroccanwinter grains, approaching teh heading stage, the agency said. Light to moderate rain spread from northern Thailand toNorthern Vietnam as dry weather prevailed elsewhere inSoutheast Asia. Dry weather covered winter grain areas in western andcentral Algeria, but soil moisture was likely adequate to meetcrop demands, it said. Light showers in eastern Algeria and Tunisia maintainedadequate moisture for crop growth, it said. Timely rains will be needed in the next several weeks aswinter grains advance through the critical reproductive phase,the agency said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain", "rice"], "distractor groups": ["corn", "platinum", "bfr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The agreement between the U.S. And theEuropean Community (EC) on special imports of maize and sorghumprovides an equal chance for all non-EC countries to supply theSpanish market, an EC Commission spokeswoman said. She denied that any unpublished clause of the agreementguaranteed the bulk of the maize export business would go tothe U.S., As one EC official told Reuters yesterday. Under the agreement, the EC will import two mln tonnes ofmaize and 300,000 tonnes of sorghum a year into Spain atspecially reduced levy rates for the next four years. The Commission has yet to decide whether the maize willcome in through direct purchases by the Spanish interventionboard or by a tender system", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn", "sorghum"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "soybean", "interest"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Indian State Trading Corporation(STC) bought 20,000 tonnes of optional origin soybean oil and6,000 tonnes of rbd palm olein at its import tender yesterday,traders said. Pakistan, however, rejected offers at its tender for 12,000tonnes of rbd palm oil, but is expected to reenter the marketnext week, they said. The STC soyoil purchase was for May 20/Jun 20 shipment at319 dlrs per tonne cif and the palm olein for Apr 25/May 25shipment at 355 dlrs per tonne", "answer groups": ["soy-oil", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["coconut-oil", "silver", "nickel", "inventories"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A prolonged dry spell has damaged111,350 hectares of rice and corn plantations in 10 provincesin the central and southern Philippines, agriculture officialssaid. They said some 71,070 tonnes of agricultural produceestimated at about 250 mln pesos was lost to the lack ofrainfall. They warned of a severe drought if the prevailingconditions continued until next month. Agriculture Secretary Carlos Dominguez said he hoped thelosses would be offset by the expected increase in output inother, normally more productive areas not affected by the dryspell. Affected were 14,030 hectares of palay (unmilled rice),representing a production loss of 22,250 tonnes valued at 77.8mln pesos, Department of Agriculture reports said. About 48,820 tonnes of corn from 97,320 hectares valued at170.8 mln pesos have also been lost, they said. Officials said the hectarage planted to palay that has beenhit by the drought accounted for only one pct of national totalthus the damage is considered negligible. In the case of corn, they said the loss can be filled byproduction from non-traditional corn farms which diversifiedinto the cash crop from sugar two years ago. The Philippine Coconut Authority said coconut productionin the major producing region of Bicol might drop by 25 pct to320,000 tonnes if the dry spell continued. There were noreports of actual damage", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn", "rice"], "distractor groups": ["nkr", "ringgit", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Brooklyn Union Gas Co's BrooklynUnion Exploration Co Inc unit said it entered a 200 mln dlrthree-year gas and oil exploration and development venture withSmith Offshore Exploration Co. The agreement calls for drilling of 10 to 12 offshore wellsper year, primarily in the Gulf of Mexico area off the Texasand Louisiana coasts and 30 to 40 onshore Texas and LouisianaGulf Coast wells", "answer groups": ["nat-gas", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["corn-oil", "orange", "potato", "sun-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. Agriculture Secretary Richard Lynghas asked Japan to open its farm market further to helpWashington cut its trade deficit and ease protectionistpressures, an Agriculture Ministry official told reporters. Hideo Maki, Director General of the ministry's EconomicAffairs Bureau, quoted Lyng as telling Agriculture MinisterMutsuki Kato that the removal of import restrictions would helpJapan as well as the United States. The meeting with Kato opened a 12-day visit to Japan byLyng, who is here to dicuss farm trade. However, Maki quoted Kato as replying that Japan wasalready the world's largest grain importer. Kato added Japan is the largest customer for U.S. Grain anddepended on domestic output for only 53 pct of its foodrequirements in 1985. Lyng said the U.S. Put high priority on talks on 12 farmproducts named in U.S. Complaints against Japan to the GeneralAgreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) last year, as well as onbeef, citrus products and rice. Kato said Japan will maintain its current level ofself-sufficiency and will try not to produce surplus ricebecause potential production is higher than domestic demand. The world farm market suffers from surpluses because ofrising production by exporting countries, he added. Lyng said the U.S. Has been trying to reduce farm productoutput with expensive programs, Maki said. Maki said the U.S. And Japan will hold detailed discussionson each trade item as well as a new round of GATT trade talksat a meeting on April 20, in which U.S. Trade RepresentativeClayton Yeutter will join", "answer groups": ["grain", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["tea", "zinc", "rapeseed", "jobs"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "At least 60,000 tonnes of corn worth 240mln pesos have been smuggled into the Philippines over the pastfew months, the Manila Bulletin newspaper said, quoting anofficial in the National Food Authority (NFA). The official, who was not named, said a large corn shortageand corruption among customs and Coast Guard personnel havejeopardised the government's ban on corn imports, which wasaimed at saving foreign currency. The newspaper quoted NFA Marketing Director Jig Tan assaying monthly corn consumption stood at about 331,000 tonnesagainst a national stock inventory of 191,732 tonnes. Tan said a continuing drought affecting about 49,150hectares of corn has led to the loss of 43,725 tonnes of cornworth 174.9 mln pesos and contributed to the shortage. The newspaper quoted Linda Geraldez, an NFA statistician,as saying despite the drought and the shortage, the totalinventory at the end of the January/June crop season isexpected to be at least 201,000 tonnes", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["nat-gas", "ship", "cottonseed", "soy-oil"]}, {"question": "\u0003 What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The European Community's cerealmanagement committee rejected all bids to export free marketsoft wheat at today's weekly tender, traders said. The committee awarded 123,000 tonnes of free market barleyexport licences at a maximum export refund of 138.75 Ecus pertonne", "answer groups": ["barley", "wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["soybean", "rubber", "can"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The EC Commission decided to open aspecial daily export rebate today for maize exports to Morocco,Israel, Canary Islands and zone 5c (Sub-Saharan Africa), tradesources said here. The rebate was set at 153 European currency units per tonnefor March and 133 for April through July", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["carcass", "earn", "peseta", "tin"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Graan Elevator Mij said its balance inport of grains, oilseeds and derivatives rose to 136,000 tonneson March 7 from 31,000 a week earlier, after arrivals of523,000 tonnes and discharges of 418,000 tonnes last week. The balance comprised 38,000 tonnes of grains and oilseedsand 98,000 tonnes of derivatives. This week's estimated arrivals total 194,000 tonnes, ofwhich 45,000 are grains/oilseeds and 149,000 derivatives. The figures cover around 95 pct of Rotterdam traffic in theproducts concerned", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["rape-meal", "lit", "skr", "cocoa"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The recent purchase of 1.5 mlntonnes of U.S. corn by Japan and 600,000 tonnes by South Koreasuggests that the two countries' demand for reliable suppliesof corn is increasing, the U.S. Agriculture Department said. In its World Production and Trade Report, the departmentsaid that view is reinforced by the expectation of a decline inexportable supplies of Argentine corn and uncertainty over theavailability of South African and Chinese corn. With these corn purchases, Japan is committed to buying 7.7mln tonnes of U.S. corn in 1986/87 (Sept-Aug), nearly 400,000tonnes greater than year-ago figures to date. South Korea's cumulative commitments amount to 2.5 mlntonnes, up 1.5 mln compared to last year, it said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["rupiah", "gas", "cruzado", "lin-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Soviet farmers had sown spring cropson only 15.8 mln hectares or 11 pct of cultivated land by April27, compared with 26.2 mln ha by April 21, 1986, Izvestia said. Grains and pulses (except maize) were sown on 6.7 mln ha,compared with 13.1 mln at the same time last year, it added. Spring sowing is off to a slow start, with planting two tofour weeks behind schedule in many areas of the Ukraine,Byelorussia and Russia, because the winter was unusually cold. Western agricultural experts believe the crop could stillbe good but heavy winterkill will make it difficult to reachthe 1987 grain target of 232 mln tonnes. The 1986 crop was 210mln", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["bfr", "ship", "strategic-metal", "wheat"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department saidprivate U.S. exporters reported sales of 104,000 tonnes of cornto unknown destinations for shipment in the 1986/87 marketingyear. The marketing year for corn began September 1, it said", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["naphtha", "skr", "lin-oil", "cottonseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Australian Government will likelyreimburse the Australian Wheat Board, AWB, about 132 mln (U.S.)dlrs to pay wheat farmers for their 1986/87 crop, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. In its report on Export Markets for U.S. Grains, thedepartment said the sharp fall in world wheat prices hasreduced the export sales revenue of the AWB to levelsinsufficient to cover its breakeven export price estimated ataround 98 dlrs per tonne. For example the recent large sales of wheat to China (1.5mln tonnes) and Egypt (2.0 mln tonnes) were well below thebreakeven export price, it said. Australian wheat farmers normally receive an advancepayment known as the Guaranteed Minimum Price, GMP, calculatedat 90 pct of the average of estimated returns in the currentyear and the two lowest of the previous three years, thedepartment said. In addition, deductions for taxes, freight, handling andstorage are deducted from the GMP the farmer receives. But the department said the Australian Bureau ofAgricultural Economics, BAE, predicts wheat production willdrop sharply from 17.8 mln tonnes in 1986/87 to 13.5 mln in1989/90. The decline will result from low world grain prices leadingto shifts to livestock and other crops which could benefit U.S.wheat exports, the department said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["ringgit", "castor-oil", "corn-oil", "copra-cake"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The European Community, EC, sold75,000 tonnes of soft wheat at a subsidized price of between 85and 89 dlrs per tonne FOB for March delivery in a continuingbid to establish itself in the Brazilian wheat market, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. The sale sharply undercut the U.S. offer of 112 dlrs pertonne FOB for 33,000 tonnes of wheat, it said in its latestreport on Export Markets for U.S grains. EC sales to Brazil total about 225,000 tonnes during1986/87 (July-June) in stark contrast to only 50,000 tonnes inthe 1985/86 season, it said. The increasing presence of EC wheat in Brazil comes at atime when the Brazilian Wheat Board, BWB, expects the wheatimport market will expand to 3.4 mln tonnes from the currentforecast of 3.0 mln in the 1986/87 year. The BWB cites record consumption and an eventual decline indomestic production, and says government plans to lower theguaranteed price of wheat from 242 dlrs per tonne to 180 dlrswill contribute to greater import demand, the USDA said. It said the BWB expects the U.S. to be major supplier ofthe additional 400,000 tonnes, but commitments for purchase ofU.S. wheat through two-thirds of 1986/87 year total only600,000 tonnes versus 700,000 a year ago", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["ship", "lin-oil", "palmkernel", "sorghum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French soft wheat exports to otherEuropean Community countries fell 18 pct to 4.13 mln tonnes inthe first seven months of the 1986/87 season to Januarycompared with 5.04 mln in the same 1985/86 period, the FrenchCereals Intervention Office (ONIC) said. According to latest ONIC statistics, the main buyers wereItaly with 1.89 mln against 1.63 mln in the same 1985/86period, West Germany 480,450 tonnes against 717,689, theNetherlands 462,048 (532,299) and Belgium 417,887 tonnes(919,337). British and Greek imports of French soft wheat during thisperiod were below year-ago levels. Between July 1 last year andJanuary 31, Britain bought 274,665 tonnes against 642,800tonnes, ONIC figures showed. But Spanish purchases were up sharply at 258,507 tonnesagainst 2,751 tonnes in the same 1985/86 period and Portugalbought 37,599 tonnes compared with zero. ONIC said the drop in French exports to other Communitycountries was due to British competition", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["silver", "wool", "housing", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "European currency markets reacted quietlyto the G-7 communique, with comments from bankers and dealersranging from disappointment that it was not more concrete tosurprise that the markets should have expected so much. The dollar opened lower against virtually all currenciesand traded in a narrow range after the communique, whichreaffirmed support for the Paris accord on currencystabilisation but contained no moves to strengthen it. Frankfurt and Zurich dealers saw the dollar staying broadlyentrenched in its current trading range", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "dlr"], "distractor groups": ["sfr", "iron-steel", "platinum", "lit"]}, {"question": "3 CORN 200 200 147 147 What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department gaveprojected carryover free stocks of feedgrains, corn and wheatunder loans, with comparisons, as follows, in mln bushels,except feedgrains, which is in mln tonnes -- 1986/87 1985/86 04/09/87 03/09/87 04/09/87 03/09/87 Under Regular Nine Month Loan -- WHEAT 225 300 678 678 FEEDGRAINS 52.1 68.1 75.7 75.7 CORN 1,800 2,400 2,589 2,589 Special Producer Storage Loan Program -- WHEAT 165 150 163 163 FEEDGRAINS 7.0 6.7 5.3 5", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["money-fx", "soy-meal", "gold"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Mint said it is seekingoffers on 3,701,000 lbs of electrolytic copper and 629,000 lbsof electrolytic cut nickel cathodes or briquettes that itintends to purchase. It said both metals are for delivery in the week of May 11to Olin Corp, East Alton, Ill. Offers for the copper are due by 1100 hrs EDT, April 21,while offers on the nickel are due at 1100 hrs EDT on April 14. The Mint said that firms, in submitting their offers,select to receive payment by standard check or be wiretransfer. Awards are determined by whichever of the two methodsis most cost advantageous, based on the cost of money at thattime. The minimum acceptance periods for each solicitation isthree calendar days for the copper and 10 calendar days for thenickel, the Mint said", "answer groups": ["nickel", "copper"], "distractor groups": ["sun-meal", "fuel", "platinum", "skr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "AMAX Incx said it has identifiedadditional gold and silver ore reserves at its AMAX SleeperMine near Winnemucca, Nev.. It said as a result of recent drilling, reserves at thhemine are now estimated at 2,470,000 short tons of ore grading0.24 ounce of gold and 0.50 ounce of silver per ton that istreatable by conventional milling techniques. AMAX said additional reserves amenable to heap leaching areestimated at 38.3 mln tons averaging 0.025 ounce gold and 0.24ounce silver per ton. Further drilling is being conducted, itsaid", "answer groups": ["silver", "gold"], "distractor groups": ["skr", "sugar", "pork-belly", "cpi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The House Agriculture Committee votedto make approximately 2.8 billion dlrs of feedgrains deficiencypayments immediately instead of in the late fall. A similar measure was decisively defeated on the Senatefloor last week. The bill, which passed by a voice vote, would allowso-called Findley payments to be made immediately rather thanlate this year. Payments for 1987-90 feedgrains crops would notbe changed. Because the bill would move 2.8 billion dlrs of spendinginto fiscal 1987 from fiscal 1988, the measure is expected tomeet stiff resistance in the full House", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["fishmeal", "sugar", "groundnut-oil", "saudriyal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it revised upits forecast of today's surplus in the money markets to 250 mlnstg from its earlier estimate of a 150 mln. The central bank has not operated in the market today", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["cpu", "gas", "pork-belly", "gold"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French operators have requested licencesto export 675,500 tonnes of maize, 245,000 tonnes of barley,22,000 tonnes of soft bread wheat and 20,000 tonnes of feedwheat at today's European Community tender, traders said. Rebates requested ranged from 127.75 to 132.50 EuropeanCurrency Units a tonne for maize, 136.00 to 141.00 Ecus a tonnefor barley and 134.25 to 141.81 Ecus for bread wheat, whilerebates requested for feed wheat were 137.65 Ecus, they said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "corn", "grain", "barley"], "distractor groups": ["retail", "palm-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Thai rice exports rose to 72,987 tonnesin the week ended October 13 from 54,075 the previous week, theCommerce Ministry said. It said the government and private exporters shipped 26,272and 46,715 tonnes respectively. Private exporters concludedadvance weekly sales for 106,640 tonnes against 98,152 theprevious week. The said it ministry expects at least 65,000tonnes in exports next week. Thailand has shipped 3.43 mln tonnes of rice in the year todate, down from 3.68 mln a year ago. It has commitments toexport another 388,390 tonnes this year", "answer groups": ["rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["ship", "cruzado", "coffee", "plywood"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Rainfall in the past few days has easedthe threat of drought in the south China province of Guangdong,the New China News Agency said. It said 75 pct of early rice fields are ready to be plantedand seedlings have already been transplanted on 90 pct of ricefields in Hainan island. Some 840,000 hectares of farmland havebeen planted with cash crops including sugar cane, peanuts andsoybeans, 67,000 ha more than in 1986. The provincial government has increased investment in grainand taken effective measures to combat natural disasters thisyear, the agency said, but gave no further details", "answer groups": ["grain", "rice"], "distractor groups": ["nickel", "oilseed", "yen", "carcass"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Moderate to heavy rain continuedover early double-crop rice areas in eastern Guangxi,Guanghdong, eastern Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Zhejiang in theweek ended March 28, the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility ofthe U.S. Agriculture and Commerce Departments said. In its International Weather and Crop summary, the agencysaid The moisture lessened the need for irrigation. Moisturefor early rice planting is adequate to abundant in most areas,and inundative rain in Guangdong and southern Jiangxi may havewashed out some rice fields requiring replanting. Light showers in southern Sichuan increased topsoilmoisture for corn planting, which likely is off to a slow startdue to earlier dryness, it said. In the North China Plain, dry weather covered winter wheatin the vegetative stage, and rain is needed to meet increasingcrop moisture requirements, it said. Weekly temperatures in the North China Plain were nearnormal, the agency noted", "answer groups": ["rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["cotton-oil", "linseed", "potato", "silver"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Egypt will tender Thursday for200,000 tonnes of optional origin corn, U.S. number two orequivalent, 14.5 pct moisture, for late April shipment, privateexport sources said. Shipment will be from the Gulf or Great Lakes if U.S.origin, they said", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["cottonseed", "lei", "rye", "bfr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. Trade Representative ClaytonYeutter suggested the U.S. could file a formal complaint withthe General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) challengingCanada's decision to impose duties on U.S. corn imports. Asked about the Canadian government decision to apply aduty of 84.9 cents per bushel on U.S. corn shipments, Yeuttersaid the U.S. could file a formal complaint with GATT under thedispute settlement procedures of the subsidies code. Other U.S. options would be to appeal the decision inCanadian courts, or to retaliate against Canadian goods, alower-level U.S. trade official said. However, retaliation isan unlikely step, at least initially, that official said. Nodecision on U.S. action is expected at least until afterdocuments on the ruling are received here later this week", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["soy-oil", "rape-oil", "lit", "crude"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department gavethe following breakdown of grain remaining in the farmer-ownedgrain reserve as of April 1, in mln bushels, by reserve number-- I II III IV V VI Wheat nil nil 0.1 0.3 10.5 479.7 Corn -- -- -- 4.1 1,231.9 -- Sorghum-x -- -- -- 0.1 38.8 -- Barley -- -- -- 0.1 73.9 -- x - mln cwts. Note - USDA says above totals may not matchtotal in reserve numbers", "answer groups": ["wheat", "sorghum", "corn", "barley", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["lin-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The EC Cereals Management Committeeagreed in Brussels today that 300,000 tonnes of U.K.Intervention wheat would be made available for sale on the U.K.Home market over the next three months, the Ministry ofAgriculture said. The committee agreed that 70,000 tonnes of wheat would bemade available on April 14 followed by a further 30,000 tonneslater in the month. It also gave an assurance that a further 100,000 tonneswould be allocated for both May and June, which would completethe 300,000 tonnes originally requested by the U.K.. The ministry said sales out of intervention for July andAugust would be discussed later. Earlier, Paris trade sources said the EC Commission madeavailable a further 70,000 tonnes of British intervention feedwheat for sale to the domestic market", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["cpu", "rice", "cocoa", "peseta"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Egypt is expected to tender April 22for 500,000 tonnes of corn for May through September shipments,private export sources said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["wool", "sorghum", "stg", "ringgit"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A majority of the Senate AgricultureCommittee urged President Reagan to reverse his opposition toexport subsidies to the Soviet Union as a way to get itsnegotiators to purchase some 500 mln dlrs in American wheat. The group, led by committee chairman Patrick Leahy, aVermont Democrat, urged Reagan to step up negotiations with theSoviet Union by providing export subsidies to help U.S.farmers", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["rand", "sunseed", "corn-oil", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French maize producers will ask the ECCommission to grant permanent maize export rebates followingthe recent EC/U.S. Accord guaranteeing the U.S. An annualexport quota of two mln tonnes of maize for Spain over fouryears, the French maize producers association, AGPM, said. The Commission has already decided to accord rebates forthe export of 500,000 tonnes of French maize, of which rebatesfor around 100,000 tonnes have been granted. The request will be made when export certificates have beengranted for all the 500,000 tonnes, the AGPM said. The association said that the request would cover exportsto all destinations, adding that the Soviet Union, which hasimportant maize needs, is currently excluded from the list ofdestination countries for the 500,000 tonnes of French maize. The U.S. Agriculture Department has forecast Soviet maizeimports for the 1986/87 campaign at 4.90 mln tonnes against10.40 mln in 1985/86", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["oilseed", "skr", "lumber", "bop"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Futures TradingCommission has approved the Minneapolis Grain Exchange'sapplication to trade high fructose corn syrup-55, HFCS-55,futures contracts, the commission said. The contract provides for the delivery of 48,000 lbs, plusor minus two pct, of bulk HFCS-55 meeting specified standardsregarding its physical and chemical properties. CFTC said the exchange plans to begin trading a July 1987HFCS-55 contract on April 6. CFTC said the soft drink industry currently buys at least95 pct of all U.S.-produced HFCS-55, a liquid food and beveragesweetener produced through the processing of corn starch bycorn refiners", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["veg-oil", "plywood", "cottonseed", "oat"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The joint committee of Taiwan's maizeimporters will tender on April 29 for two cargoes of U.S.Maize, totalling between 54,000 and 87,000 tonnes for deliverybetween May 21 and June 25, a committee spokesman told Reuters. Taiwan has set a calendar 1987 import target of 2.92 mlntonnes compared with imports of 3.05 mln in 1986. About 80 pctof the imports are expected to come from the U.S. And the restfrom South Africa, the spokesman said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["stg", "fuel", "groundnut-oil", "cornglutenfeed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A cargo of U.S. corn for the SovietUnion was rejected and forced to be unloaded at a Chicagoexport elevator earlier this week after it failed to makegrade, with the British vessel Broompark now being reloaded, anelevator spokesman said. The first attempt to load the ship failed when thepercentage of broken kernels proved to be higher than contractspecifications, he said. The Soviets traditionally refuse to take sub-grade grain ata price discount, as is the practice with many other importingnations, he added. The official estimated the reloading of the vessel withabout 700,000 tonnes of corn may be completed by Tuesday, April28", "answer groups": ["grain", "ship", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["money-supply", "oat", "coconut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pests and disease, which destroyed 1.1mln tonnes of wheat in China in 1986, are threatening crops on11.64 mln hectares this year, the China Daily said. About 14.54 mln hectares of wheat were affected in 1986. The paper said abnormal weather conditions had encouragedthe spread of wheat midges in 2.47 mln hectares in Shanxi,Henan, Sichuan, Anhui, Hebei and Jiangsu. In Henan, Shandong and Hebei wheat aphids are affecting4.67 mln hectares, wheat red mite 2.8 mln hectares and wheatpowdery mildew 1.7 mln hectares", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["lei", "soybean", "coconut", "iron-steel"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Morocco will tender Thursday for120,000 to 210,000 tonnes of U.S. wheat, cheapest varietypreferred, for May and June shipments under PL 480, privateexport sources said. The tender will consist of three lots of up to 70,000tonnes each for shipment May 1-30, May 10-June 10, and May25-June 25, they said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["lumber", "nat-gas", "cocoa", "potato"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)announced 1.5 mln dlrs in credit guarantees previouslyearmarked to cover sales of dry edible beans to Honduras havebeen switched to cover sales of white corn, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. The department said the action reduces coverage for salesof dry edible beans to 500,000 dlrs and creates the new line of1.5 mln dlrs for sales of white corn. All sales under the credit guarantee line must beregistered and shipped by September 30, 1987, it said", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["castorseed", "orange", "rice", "income"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Pakistani government allowed theprivate sector to export cotton and rice in a new trade policyannounced to cover the next three years. Commerce and Planning Minister Mahbubul Haq said in atelevised speech it was also decided to allow duty-free importof cotton yarn. Cotton and rice are Pakistan's main exports, which havebeen handled exclusively by state corporations since early1970s. Haq said now the private sector would export cotton andrice along with the state corporations. He said duty-free import of cotton yarn was allowed to makehigh quality yarn available to local ancillary industries andto enable them to compete effectively in the world market. Thiswould help overcome domestic shortages of yarn, he said", "answer groups": ["rice", "cotton", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["pork-belly", "oat", "rubber"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Vietnam has ordered its army to growmore food to ease shortages and meet economic recovery goalsset for 1990. The army newspaper Quan Doi Nhan Dan, monitored here, saidsoldiers must work harder to care for rice, vegetables andother crops endangered by the present unusually hot weather. The paper said the 1.6-mln strong regular army contributedless than one pct to the nation's 18.2 mln tonne food output. North Vietnam has set a 1990 food target of 23 to 24 mlntonnes", "answer groups": ["grain", "rice"], "distractor groups": ["red-bean", "tea", "orange", "sun-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Agriculture Ministry said it setJapan's beef import quota for the six months from April 1 at93,000 tonnes, up from 83,000 in the second half of 1986/87 and85,000 a year earlier. Under an agreement with the U.S. And Australia, Japan hasbeen increasing imports by 9,000 tonnes a year from March 31,1985, to reach a projected 177,000 tonnes in the year to March31, 1988", "answer groups": ["carcass", "livestock"], "distractor groups": ["retail", "dfl", "rye", "lit"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Yugoslavia's top oil and natural gasproducer has started to implement a cooperationcontract signed last year with the French petrochemical concern, the official Tanjug news agency said. Under the deal Petro Chemie supplies oil to Ina refineriesin Sisak and Rijeka and ships parts to 12 Yugoslav firms in thepetrochemical, chemical, textile and plastics industries. TheYugoslav firms, in turn, will export oil products to France. Tanjug said this year's exchange will value 530 mln dlrs. Ina signed a similar deal with West Germany's Hoechst AG two years ago. Ina also has joint ventures and co-production projects,involving Yugoslavia's other main producer of NoviSad, with partners in Angola, Algeria and Tunisia, exploringfor and exploiting oil and natural gas. An estimated 300,000 tonnes of oil will thus be obtainedfrom fields in Angola over the next 15 years, Tanjug said. Ina accounts for some 75 pct of Yugoslavia's total oilproduction, which amounts to 4.2 mln tonnes a year. Ina earned more than 154 mln dlrs from exports of goods andservices to 39 countries last year and ranks among Yugoslavia'sleading export enterprises. In a separate statement issued through Tanjug, Ina said ithas successfully completed the first drill at the depth of over3,000 meters in the Bay of Baes, in Tunisia. Ina is jointlyprospecting with the U.S. Firm Conoco for oil and gas there. Work on a second drill, below 4,000 meters, would startsoon in the Bay of Gabes, the statement said. Ina would investabout 8.5 mln dlrs in prospecting in the Gabes area. Conoco, which has completed geological prospecting for theTunisian government, has transferred one third of its optionrights in the region to Ina, it said", "answer groups": ["crude", "pet-chem"], "distractor groups": ["platinum", "yen", "cpu", "palmkernel"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Spot volume in the Australian foreignexchange market jumped to a record 22.63 billion dlrs a day inJanuary from 16.18 billion in December and 8.27 billion a yearearlier, the Reserve Bank said in its monthly bulletin. The previous record was 17.51 billion dlrs last August. The peak broke a steady trading trend of 15 to 17 billiondlrs a day seen in the second half of 1986. Including forward deals, total deliverable volume was 27.01billion dlrs a day (13.43 billion against the Australiandollar) against 19.56 billion (8.48 billion) in December and9.92 billion (5.88 billion) a year earlier, the bank said", "answer groups": ["austdlr", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["soybean", "orange", "hog", "citruspulp"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Chicago Mercantile Exchange floortraders and commission house representatives are guesstimatingtoday's hog slaughter at about 295,000 to 305,000 head versus307,000 week ago and 311,000 a year ago. Cattle slaughter is guesstimated at about 124,000 to128,000 head versus 127,000 week ago and 126,000 a year ago", "answer groups": ["hog", "livestock"], "distractor groups": ["palmkernel", "pet-chem", "alum", "soy-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Light, scattered showers coveredwinter wheat areas in the North China Plain in the week endedMarch 14, moistening topsoils for wheat, just breaking dormancyin most central and northern areas, the Joint AgriculturalWeather Facility of the U.S. Agriculture and CommerceDepartments said. In its International Weather and Crop summary, the agencysaid southern winter wheat areas are in the early vegetativestage. Above-normal February temperatures over the North ChinaPlain caused winter grains to break dormancy early in thesouth. Moderate to heavy rains in southern Jiangsu, Anhui,eastern Hebei, Hunan , Jiangxi, Fujian, and Zheziang, reversedFebruary's below normal precipitation pattern. The agency said the wet weather in these areas providedample moisture for rice planting and lessened the need forirrigation. Mostly dry weather in early-rice areas of Guanxi andGuandong resulted in irrigation for continued rice planting, itsaid", "answer groups": ["wheat", "rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["nkr", "trade", "retail"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Brazil will export 6,000 tonnesof poultry and 10,000 tonnes of frozen meat to Iraq in exchangefor oil, Petrobras Commercial Director Carlos Sant'Anna said. Brazil has a barter deal with Iraq and currently imports215,000 barrels per day of oil, of which 170,000 bpd are paidfor with exports of Brazilian goods to that country", "answer groups": ["livestock", "carcass", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["dmk", "lead", "alum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Alcoa of Australia Ltd , owned51 pct by the Aluminum Co of America , said net profit roseto 20.2 mln dlrs in the first quarter of 1987 from 0.8 mln inthe same 1986 period. Sales revenue climbed to 300.9 mln from 233.0 mln. Thecompany paid 36.5 mln income tax compared with 4.8 mln. Capital expenditure was 24.0 mln, against 33.4 mln. Alcoaspent 15.7 mln on its new Portland aluminium smelter comparedwith 25.8 mln the year before. Over 65 pct of the smelter'sfirst potline is on stream and by the second quarter it will beproducing at the full annual rate of 150,000 tonnes a year", "answer groups": ["alum", "earn"], "distractor groups": ["propane", "f-cattle", "yen", "instal-debt"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The West German Intervention Board saidit accepted 962,192 tonnes of grain from the start of thecurrent agricultural year to the end of last month, comparedwith 1.8 mln tonnes during the July/February period in 1985/86. It said it accepted 336,097 tonnes of bread wheat (nil inthe year-earlier period), 16,818 (nil) tonnes of high qualitywheat, 33,623 (523,625) tonnes of feed wheat, 3,426 (168,682)tonnes of rye, 88,494 (32,766) tonnes of high quality rye,2,313 (105,005) tonnes of summer barley and 481,421 (972,794)tonnes of winter barley", "answer groups": ["grain", "barley", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["reserves", "lei", "saudriyal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Japan's preliminary industrial productionindex (base 1980) rose 0.7 pct to a seasonally adjusted 122.8in March from the previous month, the Ministry of InternationalTrade and Industry said. Production had fallen 0.2 in Feburary from a month earlier. The preliminary, unadjusted March index fell 0.2 pct from ayear earlier after remaining flat in Feburary. The adjusted March producers' shipment index (same base)fell 0.6 to 117.3 from February. The unadjusted index rose 0.3pct from a year earlier. The adjusted March index of producers' inventories offinished goods (same base) rose 0.7 pct to 105.4 from Feburary.The unadjusted index fell 1.1 pct from a year earlier", "answer groups": ["inventories", "ipi"], "distractor groups": ["cottonseed", "income", "cornglutenfeed", "corn"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": ", earlierreporting an initial six month loss, said it agreed to sellwholly owned Multi-Step Manufacturing Inc for 100,000 dlrscash, subject to shareholder and regulatory approval. Multi-Step also said it will pay 900,000 dlrs to cancel711,192 of its own shares, which will be acquired from MichaelPenhale and his benficiaries. Penhale will control and manageMulti-Step Manufacturing, following the transactions. Multi-Step had a 739,146 dlr loss for the six months endedDecember 31. The company received its initial public listing inDecember. The company said its ladder-making unit has been losing300,000 dlrs quarterly. The sale, expected to close in April, also calls forretirement of the unit's 400,000 dlr bank debt, Multi-Stepsaid. The unit also has agreed to pay a debt of 400,000 dlrs toTarxien Company Ltd, which is 40 pct owned by Multi-Step. Multi-Step previously said it agreed to acquire theremaining 60 pct of Tarxien it does not already own", "answer groups": ["earn", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["lei", "rape-oil", "citruspulp", "veg-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of France will not hold a moneymarket intervention tender today, ruling out a further cut inits 7-3/4 pct intervention rate, central bank sources said. At the tenders, depending on market conditions, the Bankinjects liquidity into the market by buying up first categorypaper. But market sources said that while the recent francperformance leaves room for a further quarter point cut in theintervention rate there was plenty of market liquidity. The Bank cut its rate to 7-3/4 pct from eight pct on March9, the first change since January 2. Interest rates also fellthe same week in Britain, Belgium and Italy", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["oilseed", "palladium", "groundnut-oil", "rye"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pakistan's consumer price index (base1975/76) fell to 231.93 in January 1987 from 233.26 in December1986, and compared with 223.66 a year ago, the federal Bureauof Statistics said. The wholesale price index (same base) rose to 229.83 inJanuary from 229.06 in December and compared with 217.97 inJanuary 1986", "answer groups": ["wpi", "cpi"], "distractor groups": ["cruzado", "cocoa", "hog", "nat-gas"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The International Wheat Council (IWC)lifted its estimate for 1986/87 world wheat and coarse grainproduction by one mln tonnes to a record 1,377 mln, comparedwith 1,351 mln tonnes the previous season. In its monthly market report, the IWC said it is leavingunchanged its forecast of world wheat production for the coming1987/88 season at between 520 and 530 mln tonnes against arecord 534 mln in 1986/87. The one mln tonne upward revision in1986/87 wheat production reflects several minor adjustments.The IWC raised the 1986/87 coarse grain trade figure two mln to87 mln tonnes. It left wheat trade unchanged at 86 mln. The IWC 1986/87 estimate for world trade in wheat andcoarse grain is thus estimated two mln tonnes higher at 173 mlnagainst 169 mln the previous season with the forecast three mlnrise in Soviet imports offset by small reductions elsewhere. The IWC said the area harvested for wheat in 1987/88 islikely to be down from last year as low world prices andrestrictive national policies measures begin to take effect. At least four of the five major exporters expect to see adrop in wheat sowings without offset in other countries. Thereis still potential for even higher average wheat yields but theIWC said there are increasing signs world output may level off. Although it is still early to assess the coarse grainoutlook, the IWC said barley acreage is likely to fall in theEuropean Community but increase in Canada. U.S. Maize area isexpected lower but oat sowings could rise. After damage to its maize crop last year, the Soviet Unionplans to expand this area by as much as 50 pct to over six mlnhectares in a year when many frost damaged wheat fields arelikely to be resown to this and other spring crops. Improvedweather and a further increase in the use of intensivecultivation methods could therefore see a marked rise in Sovietmaize output in 1987, the IWC said. Any reduction in world coarse grain output would bebolstered by the large carryover stocks from 1986/87, the IWCsaid. It left its estimates of wheat and coarse grain stocks atend\u007fof different marketing years unchanged at 178 and 210 mlntonnes, respectively, against 160 and 167 mln a year earlier. After record world durum wheat production of 218.8 mlntonnes last season, the IWC said there are already signs ofanother large crop this coming season with higher outputexpected in the EC, Canada, the U.S. And North Africa", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "nzdlr", "gold", "money-fx"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Thai traders plan to establish a companyto regulate maize forward trading, in what could be a firststep towards a commodities futures exchange, maize dealerssaid. Traders and Internal Trade Department officials agreed lastweek to commission a study on a structure to regulate maizeforward trading and to set up a company, Thailand CommodityExchange Co Ltd, with 30 businesses as shareholders who willact as brokers in the futures market. Chanthong Pattamapong, a commodities trader asked to todraw up the study, said if the maize futures market succeeds itmay be extended to other commodities, perhaps sugar and rubber", "answer groups": ["sugar", "grain", "corn", "rubber"], "distractor groups": ["gnp", "pet-chem"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Texas weekly USDA state crop reportsaid stormy winter weather limited fieldwork before conditionsimproved later in the week. A snowstorm caused some cattle deaths in the Panhandle, andcold, wet weather covered many areas. Windy weather followed todry fields and limit planting delays. Small grains made good progress despite cool temperatureswhich slowed growth. Additional moisture was needed in someareas. Many fields were booting and some were beginning tohead. Wheat was rated 16 pct fair, 56 pct good and 28 pctexcellent. Corn and sorghum planting progressed, and land preparationwas ahead of schedule in the Plains despite snowy weather.Cotton planting progressed in the Lower Valley", "answer groups": ["grain", "sorghum", "wheat", "cotton", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["cruzado"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it had providedthe money market with 1.143 billion mln stg assistance inresponse to an early round of bill offers from the discounthouses. Earlier, the Bank forecast the system would face a verylarge deficit today of around 1.75 billion stg. The central bank purchased bank bills outright comprising393 mln stg in band one at 9-7/8 pct, 649 mln stg in band twoat 9-13/16 pct and 85 mln stg in band three at 9-3/4 pct. In addition it bought 16 mln stg of local authority billsin band two at 9-13/16 pct", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["palladium", "copper", "red-bean", "nzdlr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French operators have requested licencesto export 320,000 tonnes of free market barley, 225,000 tonnesof maize, 25,000 tonnes of free market bread-making wheat and20,000 tonnes of feed wheat at today's EC tender, trade sourcessaid. For the barley, rebates of between 138 and 141.25 Europeancurrency units (Ecus) per tonne were sought, for maize theywere between 129.65 and 139 Ecus, for bread-making wheat around145 Ecus and for feed wheat around 142.45 Ecus. Barley rebates of up to 138.50 Ecus were requested for atotal of 40,000 tonnes and at 139 Ecus for 85,000 tonnes. Rebates of up to 130 Ecus per tonne were requested for atotal of 55,000 tonnes maize and up to 131 Ecus for 105,000tonnes, the sources said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "corn", "grain", "barley"], "distractor groups": ["money-supply", "trade"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Turkey's current account deficit widenedin July to 674 mln dlrs from 454 mln in June but fell from 1.22billion in July last year, the State Statistics Institute said. The cumulative trade position in July showed a 1.85 billiondlr deficit after 1.33 billion in June and 1.89 billion a yearearlier, with exports at 4.91 billion and imports, both FOB, at6.76 billion. The government aims to narrow the current account deficitfor the whole of 1987 to 975 mln dlrs, compared with 1.52billion last year, up from 1.01 billion in 1985. Bankers forecast the 1987 deficit will exceed one billiondlrs, because a spurt in exports is expected to slowconsiderably in the last five months following a massivedrawdown of inventories", "answer groups": ["bop", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["lei", "propane", "wheat", "potato"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The European Commission's decision torelease an additional 300,000 tonnes of British interventionfeed wheat for the home market will provide only moderaterelief in an increasingly tight market, traders said. Some operators had been anticipating a larger tonnage,pointing out that at this week's U.K. Intervention tender themarket sought to buy 340,000 tonnes but only 126,000 tonneswere granted. The new tranche of intervention grain is unlikely tosatisfy demand, they said, and keen buying competition forsupplies in stores is expected to keep prices firm. The release of the feed wheat followed recent strongrepresentations by the U.K. Grain trade to the Commission.There has been growing concern that rising internal prices,triggered by heavy exports, were creating areas of shortage ininterior markets. The latest EC authorisation will add 70,000 tonnes at theApril 14 tender and a further 30,000 tonnes later in the month.The remaining 200,000 tonnes will be made available in May andJune. News of the release produced an early downward reaction inlocal physical markets, but by midday some sections had halvedearly two stg losses while others were unchanged. Ministry of Agriculture figures for March indicate 1.85 mlntonnes of wheat and 1.74 mln tonnes of barley remain in thefree market. However, some traders believe these figures areoverstated and, while some may still be held on the farm, thebulk of wheat is already sold. Some of the grain is also offthe market in futures stores. A total of 2.10 mln tonnes of intervention wheat has beensold for export or to the home market since the season startedJuly 1, leaving an unsold balance in intervention of about 1.59mln tonnes. Intervention barley sales have reached just over 1.0 mlntonnes, leaving about 753,000 tonnes, traders said. This season's U.K. Export performance has surpassed allearly expectations and has created the present nervoussituation in domestic markets where the fear now is free marketsupplies may not last out until new crop becomes available inAugust. The market is sticking to its recent prediction of totalbarley and wheat exports of around 10.5 mln tonnes, a newrecord and nearly double the previous record of 5.9 mln tonnesachieved in the 1984/85 season. Traders expect U.K. Wheat exports to reach 6.0 mln andbarley around 4.50 mln tonnes. The Soviet Union has booked a record total of 2.5 mlntonnes of British wheat and barley this season, but only 1.28mln had surfaced in Customs export figures by March 25, traderssaid. Other EC countries have bought large amounts of Britishgrain and for the July 1/March 25 period had taken 2.59 mlntonnes of wheat and 2.06 mln tonnes of barley. This compareswith 1.28 mln and 868,700 tonnes last season. The market is expecting prices, particularly wheat, to staybuoyant for the remaining few months of the season. If suppliesbecome more difficult and prices strengthen further, feedcompounders may increase cereal substitute usage, traders said", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["trade", "rapeseed", "linseed", "sfr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Tunisia is expected to tender shortly for100,000 tonnes of soft wheat for shipment between April andJune, covered by COFACE export credits, trade sources said. Over 300,000 tonnes of French soft wheat have been sold toTunisia since the beginning of the 1986/87 campaign, of which225,000 to 250,000 tonnes have already been shipped, they said", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["earn", "money-supply", "hk", "cocoa"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Unidentified jets attacked three Iranianoil rigs in the southern Gulf early on Monday, setting at leastone of them ablaze, regional shipping sources said. Earlier today in Washington, U.S. Television networks hadreported that American forces launched a retaliatory strikeagainst Iran late Sunday, attacking two Iranian offshore oildrilling platforms and setting them ablaze. The shipping sources said Iran's Sassan, Rostam and Rakhshoffshore oilfields were attacked at 0700 local (0300 GMT) by awave of jet fighter bombers. Smoke was seen spiralling up fromthe Rostam field soon after. At least one of the other two targets was also believed tobe ablaze, the sources said. The Sassan and Rostam fields have been targets for Iraqiair strikes in the past, but Baghdad had not reported anysouthern Gulf missions prior to news of the latest attack. Shipping and military sources in the region have said Iranused its southern Gulf rigs as bases to launch helicopter andlater speedboat attacks on neutral ships in the waterway. U.S. Officials had been meeting on a response since Fridaywhen an attack on a Kuwaiti port severely damaged aU.S.-flagged ship. President Reagan said on Sunday he hadalready made a decision on the U.S. Response to Friday's Iranattack but would not say what the decision was", "answer groups": ["ship", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["copra-cake", "saudriyal", "fishmeal", "hk"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Finance Ministry has asked commercialbanks to moderate their dollar sales, JiJi News Agencyreported, quoting financial sources. Finance Ministry officials were unavailable for comment.The report also could not be confirmed by several bank dealers. Earlier, Japanese trust banking sources said the Ministryhad asked them to moderate their dollar sales. A Ministry official said earlier this week the ministry hadrecently surveyed currency transactions by investors, butdeclined to say whether this aimed at reducing their dollarsales", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "dlr"], "distractor groups": ["peseta", "gold", "crude", "sunseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Portugal's Gross Domestic Product (GDP)will grow around four pct this year, the same rate as in 1986,according to a Bank of Portugal forecast. Total investment this year, the country's second as amember of the European Community (EC), will rise nearly 10 pct,again the same rate as last year, the central bank study said. It added that Portugal's current account was forecast toshow a surplus of 400 mln dlrs this year compared with 1.13billion in 1986 and 369 mln the previous year. Last year's high surplus was attributed to cheaper oil andraw materials, lower world interest rates and a weaker dollar. Imports by volume were forecast to grow 10 pct this yearand exports four pct compared with increases of 16.5 pct and6.6 pct respectively in 1986, the bank said. The forecasts were calculated on the assumption that thenon-expansionary monetary policy carried out by the currentgovernment would be maintained, particularly in budget spendingand income and in wage policy. The bank added that the 1987 forecasts were also based onthe assumption that the international economic situation andPortugal's world trade relations would remain more or less thesame as in 1986. The central bank said the high rate of investment estimatedfor 1986 was due to government policies and to increasingoptimism among firms whose financial situation had improvedsince 1985. This tendency was expected to continue this year,especially in the construction and public works sectors. Financial aid from the EC had also helped to boostinvestment last year, the bank said", "answer groups": ["gnp", "bop"], "distractor groups": ["austdlr", "jet", "inventories", "skr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Indonesian rupiah has held steadysince its 31 pct devaluation against the dollar six months ago,but has slipped against the mark and to a lesser extent againstthe yen, according to central bank figures. In the past month, the rupiah has fallen five pct againstthe yen. Today's middle rate per 100 yen was 1,129.78 against1,075.20 at end-February and 1,058.6 at devaluation inSeptember. Bank Indonesia's quoted rate for the dollar, the maincurrency for Indonesia's oil and gas exports, was 1,644.0today, the same rate fixed at the time of devaluation. The rate for the West German mark was 913.28 today, a sharpdrop from September when it was 786.06. The British pound has risen to 2,657.93 against 2,429.83. The value of the rupiah is set daily against a basket ofcurrencies by the central bank. The rise in the value of the mark and the yen has hitIndonesia by increasing its debt servicing levels. Its totaldisbursed foreign debt is estimated by the World Bank at 37billion dlrs. Japan is one of Indonesia's key trading partners, takinghalf its oil exports", "answer groups": ["yen", "rupiah", "money-fx", "dmk"], "distractor groups": ["alum", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Sources close to Italy's said , a French companyowned by Ferruzzi, would take over control of , the corn wet milling business acquired by theItalian group earlier this week from CPC International Inc. The sources told Reuters that European Sugar, owned byFerruzzi subsidiary Eridania Zuccherifici Nazionali SpA, planned to seek a listing on the Paris bourse andmake a share offering there. CPC International announced Tuesday it had agreed inprinciple to sell its European corn wet millng business toFerruzzi. The deal is worth 630 mln dlrs", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["skr", "jet", "citruspulp"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Federal Reserve is not expected tointervene in the government securities market today, severaleconomists said. They said the Fed does not have a much of an adding needthis week and may wait until tomorrow or Monday beforesupplying reserves. But a few economists said there was an outside chance thatthe Fed may inject reserves indirectly via a small round ofcustomer repurchase agreements. Federal funds hovered at 6-1/8 pct this morning afteraveraging 6.32 pct yesterday", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["housing", "nat-gas", "rapeseed", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cominco Ltd said notalks were scheduled with striking workers at its Trail smelterand Kimberley, British Columbia lead-zinc mine. A company spokesman said the company and union metinformally Tuesday but talks did not constitute a formalbargaining session. The last formal talks were on June 5. The workers went on strike May 9 and production has beenshut down since then. The Trail smelter produced 240,000 long tons of zinc and110,000 long tons of lead last year. The Sullivan mine atKimberley produced 2.2 mln long tons of ore in 1986, most forprocessing at the Trail smelter", "answer groups": ["zinc", "lead"], "distractor groups": ["nat-gas", "ipi", "income", "fishmeal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Lightning strikes hit the grain sectorof the port of Rotterdam today after employers turned downunion demands for shorter working hours in a new labouragreement, transport union FNV spokesman Bert Duim said. Around 140 grain handlers stopped work, 125 of them at thetwo Europoort locations of Graan Elevator Mij (GEM), whichhandles about 95 pct of grain, oilseeds and derivatives passingthrough Rotterdam. GEM managing director Pieter van der Vorm said thefacilities were 40 pct operational. The employers had invited the unions for talks later today,but details of the labour agreement would not be on the agenda,Van der Vorm said. It is barely one month since the end of an eight-weekcampaign of lightning strikes against redundancies inRotterdam's general cargo sector, which stevedoring companiessaid cost them millions of guilders", "answer groups": ["meal-feed", "veg-oil", "oilseed", "grain", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["strategic-metal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Britain's visible trade deficit narrowedto a seasonally adjusted provisional 224 mln stg in Februaryfrom 527 mln in January, The Trade and Industry Departmentsaid. The current account balance of payments in February showeda seasonally adjusted provisional surplus of 376 mln stgcompared with a surplus of 73 mln in January. Invisibles in February were put provisionally at a 600 mlnsurplus, the same as in January. Seasonally adjusted, imports rose in February to 7.16billion stg from 6.73 billion in January. Exports rose to arecord 6.93 billion last month from 6.20 billion in January. Trade Department officials said the improvement inBritain's current account contrasted with most privateforecasts and they attributed much of the strength to importsrising less quickly in February than might otherwise have beenexpected. The Department said exceptionally cold weather in Januaryreduced exports that month and that there had been an elementof catching up in the February figures. The seasonally adjusted volume index, base 1980, a guide tounderlying non-oil trade, showed exports rising to 131.0 from114.6 in January and imports rising to 142.2 from 136.5. The value of British oil exports in February rose to 751mln stg from 723 mln in Jnauary while oil imports rose to 425mln from 352 mln. The Department said the upward trend in non-oil exportvolume continues and the underlying level of non-oil importvolume seems to have stablised. The Departnment said exports to the U.S. May be benefitingfrom fluctuations in the mark and yen exchange rates", "answer groups": ["bop", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["barley", "rape-oil", "propane", "dkr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. corn sales to Tunisia, Moroccoand other North African countries may face increasedcompetition from European Community (EC) corn sales, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. In its World Production and Trade report, the USDA saidsales of French corn for nearby delivery have been confirmedwith an export subsidy of about 145 dlrs per tonne, bringingthe French price to about 72 dlrs per tonne, FOB. While this is about the same price as U.S. corn, EC cornhas lower transport costs, the department noted. The French sales mark the beginning of commercial EC cornexports which could reach 750,000 tonnes to North Africa andthe Middle East, areas which have traditionally purchased theircorn needs from the United States, the department said. Department officials said the 750,000 tonnes of exports arefor the year up to September 30 1987. They said export licenses for about 500,000 tonnes havebeen issued so far", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["naphtha", "dkr", "lead", "plywood"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Live cattle futures posted a robustrally today after a major beef packing company said it wouldend a lockout at its slaughtering plant in Dakota City, Neb. April delivery cattle on the Chicago Mercantile Exchangeclosed at 64.45 cents a pound, up 0.83 cent, as the marketexpected demand for live animals to increase as the plantrestarts operations. Iowa Beef Processors, a division of Occidental Petroleum,said it planned to reopen the plant, one of the largest in thenation, on March 16. The plant has been closed since Dec. 14,the day after a contract between IBP and Local 222 of theUnited Food and Commercial Workers Union expired. The plant employs 2,800 workers and can slaughter severalthousand animals a day, a company spokesman said. The company said it locked out union workers because theythreatened to disrupt operations. It was unclear whether unionmeatpackers would return to work. They rejected the company'slatest contract offer March 5. Traders said cattle prices advanced at midsession as rumorscirculated that the lockout was ending, and gains were furtherfueled by a noticeable increase in demand for live animals oncash markets in Nebraska and the Texas Panhandle. The rally in cattle also boosted values of live hogs andfrozen pork bellies, which also were supported by indicationsthat producers were expanding their hog herds at a slower ratethan previously expected. Petroleum futures posted a modest rally on the New YorkMercantile Exchange. But a report that the Soviet Union planned to reduce theprice of its crude oil exports may pressure the market Friday,said Nauman Barakat, petroleum analyst in New York with SmithBarney, Harris Upham and Co. Buying by companies that deal in petroleum helped pricesrecover from early weakness, traders said. Gold futures rallied, partly in response to strength in thesilver market, on the Commodity Exchange in New York. Silverprices rallied after a U.S. brokerage house recommended itscustomers buy the metal, traders said. Coffee futures drifted lower in response to a report thatColombia lowered the price of its exports, traders said. Sugar prices closed slightly higher on the Coffee, Sugarand Cocoa Exchange despite a large export sale by the EuropeanCommission on Wednesday. Soybeans were higher, wheat lower and corn mixed on theChicago Board of Trade. Soybeans were boosted by expectations that the AgricultureDepartment would report a healthy signup for the ConservationReserve Program, which pays farmers to leave highly erodibleland idle instead of planting a crop, traders said. Concern that a strike by Brazilian seamen might interruptexports of soybeans from Brazil, where the harvest is justbeginning, also underpinned prices, they said. Wheat prices were pressured by selling in response totrends on price charts, they said", "answer groups": ["livestock", "l-cattle"], "distractor groups": ["coconut", "hk", "wool", "trade"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Dutch central bank announced new12-day special advances at an unchanged rate of 5.3 pct tocover money market tightness for the period April 3 to 15. The amount will be set at tender on April 3 between 0700and 0730 hours GMT. The new facility replaces the current 4.2 billion guildersof nine-day advances which expire tomorrow. Money market dealers said the rate for the new advances wasin line with expectations. They added they expect the Bank toallocate between 4.0 and 4.5 billion guilders", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["peseta", "rupiah", "dmk", "can"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The following deliveries are scheduledfor April 6 against Chicago Baord of Trade Futures - Silver - 392 lots at Chicago, Illinois. Kilo Gold - 21 lots. 16 at Chicago, Illinois, 5 at NewYork, New York", "answer groups": ["silver", "gold"], "distractor groups": ["naphtha", "saudriyal", "coconut-oil", "castorseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Dutch Central Bank said it hasaccepted bids totalling 4.8 billion guilders at tender for newseven-day special advances at 5.3 pct covering the period March2 to 9 aimed at relieving money market tightness. Subscriptions to 300 mln guilders were met in full, amountsabove 300 mln at 50 pct. The new facility replaces old five-day advances worth 8.0billion guilders at the same rate. Dealers expect this week's money market shortage to bearound 12 billion guilders", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["veg-oil", "castorseed", "oilseed", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Dutch central bank announced neweleven-day special advances at an unchanged 5.3 pct to aidmoney market liquidity, covering the period March 9 to 20. The amount will be set at tender on Monday March 9 between0800 and 0830 GMT. The new facility will replace the current4.8 billion guilders of seven-day advances expiring Monday. Money dealers estimated today's money market shortage at 11to 11.25 billion guilders, barely changed from yesterday. They said call money was still relatively high at 6-1/8 to6-1/4 pct as a result of the tight set of bids accepted by theBank for the previous seven-day facility", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["dmk", "nkr", "cruzado", "cottonseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Indian State Trading Corporation(STC) bought three cargoes of rbd palm olein at its vegetableoil import tender yesterday, traders said. Late yesterday themarket was reporting it had bought one to two cargoes. The business comprised two 6,000 tonne cargoes for March15/April 15 shipments at 355 dlrs per tonne cif, and 6,000tonnes for May at 358 dlrs. The first two cargoes were on acash basis and the May position was transacted on a 30 pctcounter-trade basis, traders said", "answer groups": ["veg-oil", "palm-oil"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "lit", "retail", "inventories"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bundesbank accepted bids for 6.1billion marks at today's tender for a 28-day securitiesrepurchase pact at a fixed rate of 3.80 pct, a central bankspokesman said. Banks, which bid for a total 12.2 billion marks liquidity,will be credited with the funds allocated today and must buyback securities pledged on May 6. Some 14.9 billion marks will drain from the market today asan earlier pact expires, so the Bundesbank is effectivelywithdrawing a net 8.1 billion marks from the market withtoday's allocation. A Bundesbank spokesman said in answer to enquiries that thewithdrawal of funds did not reflect a tightening of creditpolicy, but was to be seen in the context of plentifulliquidity in the banking system. Banks held an average 59.3 billion marks at the Bundesbankover the first six days of the month, well clear of the likelyApril minimum reserve requirement of 51 billion marks. The Bundesbank spokesman noted that by bidding only 12.2billion marks, below the outgoing 14.9 billion, banksthemselves had shown they felt they had plenty of liquidity. Dealers said the Bundesbank is keen to prevent too muchliquidity accruing in the market, as that would blunt theeffectiveness of the security repurchase agreement, its mainopen-market instrument for steering market interest rates. Twofurther pacts are likely this month over the next two weeks. The Bundesbank is currently steering call money between 3.6and 3.8 pct, although short-term fluctuations outside thatrange are possible, dealers said", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["sunseed", "sugar", "lin-meal", "cotton"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cominco Ltd said itexpects to meet today with two of five United Steelworkers ofAmerica locals on strike at its Trail smelter and Kimberley,B.C. lead-zinc mine, a Cominco spokesman said. It had no meeting scheduled with the other three strikinglocals, which rejected a tentative three-year contractSaturday, Cominco spokesman Richard Fish said. Fish said the pact that was rejected contained a cost ofliving increase tied to the Canadian consumer price index, butno wage increase. With 81 pct of the membership voting, 54.5pct voted no and 45.5 pct voted yes, the union said. The three locals represent about 2,600 production andmaintenance workers, while the remaining two locals cover about600 office and technical workers. The office and technical workers last negotiated May 21.Production at Trail and Kimberley has been shut down since thestrike began May 9 and Cominco has had to declare forcemajeure, which means the company may be unable to honorcontracts for products from the smelter and mine. Each of the five locals have separate contracts, all ofwhich expired April 30, but the main issues are similar. The Trail smelter, about 400 miles east of Vancouver,produced 240,000 long tons of zinc and 110,000 long tons oflead last year. The Sullivan mine at Kimberley, about 450 mileseast of Vancouver, produced 2.2 mln long tons of ore last year,most for processing at the Trail smelter. The smelter also produced cadmium, bismuth and indium. Trail smelter revenue was 356 mln Canadian dlrs in 1986", "answer groups": ["zinc", "lead", "strategic-metal"], "distractor groups": ["copra-cake", "palm-oil", "lit"]}, {"question": "00 160 round, part bnls 50-85 few 137 161 round, bnls 42-80 few 147 161 diamond cut 49-85 few 149 167 knuckle 8-15 few 148 167a knuckle, peeled 8-15 few 163 168 top inside round 14-26 165-175 170 bottom gooseneck rnd 18-33 131-135 More\u0003 What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Demand good for moderatesupplies of most beef cuts, However, limited interest noted fortenderloins/flank steaks. Yield grade 2-3 beef cuts, fabricateditems, vacuum packed. LBS CHOICE ROUND CUTS -steady/up 11", "answer groups": ["livestock", "carcass"], "distractor groups": ["red-bean", "can", "crude", "pet-chem"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Total corn sales by Argentina to theSoviet Union are only 1.5 to 1.8 mln tonnes, with deliveryspread out from March to June, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment's Counselor in Buenos Aires said in a field report. The report, dated March 27, said many sources have statedthat the Soviet Union was initially interested in purchasing2.3 mln tonnes lof corn from Argentina. However, Soviet purchases from the United States havetended to displace additional Argentine purchases, the reportsaid. The USDA has to date reported USSR purchases of 2.6 mlntonnes of U.S. corn for delivery in the current U.S.-USSR grainagreement year, which ends this September 30, it said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["rupiah", "dfl", "can", "hog"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Has been promised a nearmonopoly of maize exports to Spain from third countriesguaranteed under an agreement with the European Community, anEC official said. The official, who asked not to be named, told Reuters thatthe guarantee was given in an unpublished clause of theagreement. Under the accord, which began in January, third countrieswere guaranteed access for the next four years for two mlntonnes a year of maize to the Spanish market, as well as300,000 tonnes of sorghum. However, the official said the U.S. Had been assured thatalmost all the exports would be reserved for its traders. The EC Commission is to ask member states to agree either atender system to fix reduced import levies for the maize or toauthorise direct imports by the Spanish intervention board. EC sources noted that under a tender system maize fromoutside the U.S. Would sometimes be offered on more favourableterms than that from the U.S. No Commission spokesman was immediately available forcomment", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain", "sorghum"], "distractor groups": ["acq", "bfr", "rapeseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. said itwill sign a contract March 17 to buy a half interest in aCorpus Christi, Texas refinery and related operations. The contract, to be signed by PDVSA and ChamplinPetroleum's parent company, the Union Pacific Corp, will createa new joint venture called Champlin Refining. The state oil company said PDVSA will pay on the order of30 mln dlrs for the half interest in Champlin. Energy minister Arturo Hernandez Grisanti said Wednesdaythe cost would be 33 mln dlrs in cash, plus an additional 60mln in crude and refined oil shipments. PDVSA and Union Pacific have sought a line of credit from agroup of North American and Japanese banks to finance the newcompany's working capital, the Venezuelan company said. Under the deal, PDVSA will supply up to 140,000 barrels aday to the refinery with the option to place 50,000 bpd more -mostly gasoline and distillates - through Champlin'sdistribution system in 10 U.S. states. The new company will be directed by a six-member board,with three representatives each from PDVSA and Union Pacific. According to PDVSA, Venezuelans will occupy such keypositions such as treasurer and vice-president formanufacturing. The total capacity of the Champlin refinery is 160,000 bpdof crudes and another 40,000 bpd of intermediates. The plantwill be able to handle 110,000 bpd of Venezuelan heavy crudes,which make up more than half of the country's crude oilexports", "answer groups": ["acq", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["wheat", "palladium", "dlr", "rye"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it had providedthe money market with 37 mln stg assistance in the morningsession. This compares with the Bank's downward revisedestimate of the shortfall in the system today of around 700 mlnstg. The central bank purchased bank bills outright comprisingfour mln stg in band one at 10-7/8 pct and 33 mln stg in bandtwo at 10-13/16 pct", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["coconut-oil", "citruspulp", "strategic-metal", "corn"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "West Virginia has been declared freeof tuberculosis and brucellosis from its cattle population, theU.S. Agriculture Department said. It said a state is recognized as tuberculosis-free if nocase of the disease is diagnosed for at least five years and ifthe state complies with the uniform methods and rules of thestate-federal cooperative eradication program. To achieve brucellosis-free status, a state's cattlepopulation must remain uninfected for the previous 12 months. There are 33 states, plus the U.S. Virgin Islands,classified as free of bovine tuberculosis and 24 states, plusPuerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, which have eradicatedbrucellosis. Only 20 states and the U.S. Virgin islands haveeradicated both diseases, it noted", "answer groups": ["livestock", "l-cattle"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "barley", "oat", "dkr"]}, {"question": "\u0003 What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Interest rates on the London money marketwere slightly firmer on news U.K. Chancellor of the ExchequerNigel Lawson had stated target rates for sterling against thedollar and mark, dealers said. They said this had come as a surprise and expected thetargets, 2.90 marks and 1.60 dlrs, to be promptly tested in theforeign exchange markets. Sterling opened 0.3 points lower intrade weighted terms at 71.3. Dealers noted the chancellor said he would achieve hisgoals on sterling by a combination of intervention in currencymarkets and interest rates. Operators feel the foreign exchanges are likely to teststerling on the downside and that this seems to make a fall inU.K. Base lending rates even less likely in the near term,dealers said. The feeling remains in the market, however, thatfundamental factors have not really changed and that a rise inU.K. Interest rates is not very likely. The market is expectedto continue at around these levels, reflecting the current 10pct base rate level, for some time. The key three months interbank rate was 1/16 point firmerat 10 9-7/8 pct", "answer groups": ["stg", "interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["citruspulp", "nkr", "nat-gas"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The number of British gold articleshallmarked during the first quarter of this year rose by morethan 11 pct on the corresponding period last year, figuresreleased by the Assay Offices of Great Britain show. More than 2.5 mln British items were hallmarked during thequarter, up 11.1 pct on the same year ago period. The fourAssay Offices also marked 832,222 foreign gold articles, up 2.5pct on last year. In weight terms the 7.19 mln grams of British gold assayedwas a 15.3 pct increase, while the 2.95 mln grams of foreigngold represented a rise of 3.1 pct. British silver goods assayed totalled 698,132, an increaseof 6.2 pct but only 78,457 foreign items were marked, a fall of11.1 pct. A total of 10,968 kilos of silver were assayed, an 11.1 pctrise. The number of platinum items marked fell 12.5 pct to 1,785,while in weight terms the total slipped 8.1 pct to 9,849 grams. A spokesman for the Assay Offices of Great Britain said hewas particularly encouraged to see the percentage increase forBritish manufactured goods", "answer groups": ["platinum", "gold", "silver"], "distractor groups": ["dkr", "f-cattle", "cotton"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The DIW economic research institutesaid West German economic growth in 1987 is unlikely to reachthe 1.5 pct rate it had forecast earlier this year. The institute, whose forecasts are more pessimistic thanthose of the other four leading German institutes, said theeconomy had passed its peak in the summer of 1986, and itsprospects had dimmed significantly since the autumn. The DIW repeated earlier predictions that gross nationalproduct (GNP) in the first quarter of 1987 would contract inreal, seasonally adjusted terms against the weak final quarterof last year. The DIW said that even if the economy recovers in theremaining three quarters, it was unlikely that demand andproduction would rise strongly enough to bring GNP growth up to1.5 pct. Other institutes and economists have recently revised theirforecasts for German 1987 growth to around two pct. In a report DIW disputed arguments by other economists thatthe economy was showing mixed development, with domestic demandhealthy but foreign demand weak. DIW said the crucial split was between weak demand forcapital goods, and strong demand for buildings and consumergoods, not between foreign and domestic demand. It noted that domestic demand for capital goods had beenhit in recent months by the weakness of exports, which hadcaused West German firms to scale back investment plans. Service industries, unlike manufacturing industry, werecontinuing to do well because they relied on consumer demand,it said. In a separate report the HWWA economic research institutein Hamburg said West Germany's real trade surplus would fallmarkedly this year. However, the nominal trade surplus would show little changefrom 1986's record 112.2 billion marks because of a furtherimprovement in the terms of trade on average in 1987 comparedwith 1986, it said", "answer groups": ["gnp", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["lin-meal", "fuel", "interest", "carcass"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "A top Japanese businessman said thecountry's four largest economic organizations will soon presentto the government a set of proposals to expand domestic demand. Eishiro Saito, Chairman of the Federation of EconomicOrganizations (Keidanren), told a news conference thegovernment should draw up a package of economic measurestotalling more than 5,000 billion yen. Saito said the government's package should include plans toremove residual import restrictions on agricultural productsand to lift tariffs on industrial products. Leading industrialised countries should also step upconcerted market intervention to stabilize exchange rates,Saito said. The measures will be presented to Prime Minister YasuhiroNakasone as a joint proposal of Keidanren, the Japan Federationof Employers' Association, the Japan Committee for EconomicDevelopment and the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Saito said Japan should stop paying only lip service to itspledges to open its markets. The proposed measures should be undertaken by increasedfiscal spending, he added", "answer groups": ["gnp", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["sugar", "crude", "fuel", "cpu"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pakistan will retender for 6,000 tonnesof refined bleached deodorised palm oil for second half Marchshipment tomorrow, after failing to take up offers today, palmoil traders said", "answer groups": ["palm-oil", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["pet-chem", "wpi", "livestock", "alum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Credit Crporation hasaccepted a bid for an export bonus to cover the sale of 8,000tonnes of hard red winter wheat to Zaire, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment said. The wheat is scheduled for shipment May 11-June 11, 1987,the department said. The bonus, to Continental Grain Co, was 32.55 dlrs pertonne and will be paid in the form of commodities from CCCstocks. An additional 7,000 tonnes of wheat are still available toZaire under the Export Enhancement program initiative announcedon October 17, 1986, it said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["nzdlr", "ringgit", "tea", "veg-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Senate this week might take upproposed legislation that could serve as a lightning rod toexpose broad initiatives to change U.S. farm policy. The Senate could consider a House-passed bill that wouldallow wheat and feedgrains farmers to receive at least 92 pctof their income support payments if flooding last yearprevented, or will prevent, them from planting their 1987crops, Senate staff members told Reuters. Also pending is a bill extend the life of the NationalCommission on Dairy Policy. Sen. Rudy Boschwitz, R-Minn., intends to offer an amendmentto one of the bills that would suspend the minimum plantingrequirement for all 1987 wheat, feedgrain, cotton and riceproducers, an aide said. Under current law, producers must plant at least 50 pct oftheir base acreage to be eligible for 92 pct of theirdeficiency payments. Most major U.S. farm groups have lobbied hard againstmaking any fundamental changes in the 1985 farm bill out offear a full-scale debate could expose agricultural problems tobudget-cutting pressures. Representatives of these farm groups have said they alsofear efforts by Midwestern Democrats to force a floor vote on abill that would require large acreage set-asides in return forsharply higher support prices. However, Sen. Tom Harkin, D-Iowa, sponsor of the bill, toldReuters he did not intend to offer his measure as a flooramendment but to bring it through the committee", "answer groups": ["cotton", "rice", "wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["rape-meal", "inventories"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pakistan will tender tomorrow for 12,000tonnes of refined bleached deodorised palm olein tomorrow,split in two equal cargo lots for first and second half Aprilshipments, traders said. The tender will be financed with Islamic Development Bankcredit", "answer groups": ["palm-oil", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["rice", "jet", "dmk", "cocoa"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it provided 24mln stg help to the money market in the morning session. This compares with the bank's upward revised shortageforecast of around 500 mln stg. The central bank purchased bank bills outright comprisingtwo mln stg in band one at 10-7/8 pct and 22 mln stg in bandtwo at 10-13/16 pct", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["groundnut", "money-supply", "wheat", "pork-belly"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Senate budget committee sitsdown tomorrow to start drafting a fiscal 1988 budget, with thebudget writers expected to look at several proposals for fueltaxes and other tax options to cut the budget. In a briefing book for the drafting sessions, a number ofrevenue raising tax options are proposed, including a five dlrsa barrel fee on domestic and imported oil, a fee just onimported oil, and a broad based tax on domestic energyconsumption based on five pct of value. Other proposals include various excise taxes andcombinations of import surcharges or tariffs, including a 10pct import across the board import surcharge that would raise22 billion dlrs next year alone, more in later years. The committee, however, will only include revenue numbersin its proposed budget with the actual revenue decisions leftto the House and Senate tax-writing committees. The committee will draft a budget which its chairman, SenLawton Chiles, a Florida Democrat, said he hopes would raise atleast 18 billion dlrs in revenues, or about half the minimum 36billion dlr deficit reduction he has in mind. The House Budget Committee also plans to start drafting aseparate budget plan later this week, which would have to bereconciled with the Senate version. The final budget would bethe fiscal 1988 spending and revenue blueprint", "answer groups": ["crude", "fuel"], "distractor groups": ["rapeseed", "dkr", "lumber", "saudriyal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Brazilian bank workers votedto launch a nationwide strike this month, compounding labourunrest arising from the failure of the government'santi-inflation plan. At a rally in this city, about 100 km northwest of SaoPaulo, about 5,000 bank workers voted to strike on March 24unless their demand for 100 pct pay rises is met. Wilson Gomes de Moura, president of the nationalconfederation which groups the bank employees' 152 unionsrepresenting 700,000 workers, told Reuters the indefinitestoppage would affect all banks. The vote came as a stoppage by seamen entered its thirdweek and as 55,000 oil workers threatened action against thestate-owned petroleum company Petrobras. The government ordered thousands of troops into therefineries on Tuesday to forestall any occupation, but thetroops were removed yesterday. Petrobras said it had requested their withdrawal becausethe refineries were calm and oil workers had indicated theirwillingess to negotiate next Wednesday. The government has alsosent marines into the main ports. A spokesman at strike headquarters for the seamen in Rio deJaneiro said unions were studying an offer by privateshipowners for a 120 pct pay rise. Seamen employed by two small companies have alreadyaccepted a 120 pct pay rise and returned to work, as have about5,000 seamen employed by Petrobras. Last week also saw widespread protests by hundreds ofthousands of farmers over what they see as unfairly highinterest rates charged by banks. According to official estimates, prices rose by more than33 pct in the first two months of this year", "answer groups": ["ship", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["trade", "yen", "jet", "austdlr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dow Chemical Co said itincreased prices by nine cts a pound (solids) forstyrene-butadiene latex and plastic pigments, effective MayOne. Dow did not release the percentage increase. It said the increase will affect the floor coveringmarkets, paper, paperboard and specialty markets. It said the increase is in addition to a previouslyannounced seven cts a pound (solids) increase, effective MarchOne", "answer groups": ["rubber", "pet-chem"], "distractor groups": ["rapeseed", "propane", "orange", "lit"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it operated inthe money market this morning, buying 103 mln stg bank bills. The central bank bought in band one 60 mln stg at 9-7/8, inband two eight mln at 9-13/16, in band three 26 mln at 9-3/4and in band four nine mln stg at 9-11/16 pct. This compares with the bank's forecast of a 400 mln stgshortfall today", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["corn-oil", "gold", "coconut-oil", "gnp"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Devon Resource Investors said asof January one, its estimated proven reserves increasedby 443,000 net equivalent barrels to 32.4 billion cubic feet ofnatural gas and 660,000 barrels of oil, compared with 29.5 bcfof gas and 700,500 barrels of oil as of Jan one, 1986. Devon said that its estimated future net revenuesattributable to reserves is about 58 mln dlrs with a presentvalue, discounted at 10 pct, of 38 mln dlrs. It also said that it expects to have sufficient cash flowto cover its annual payout of 60 ct per unit and expand itsdrilling budget in 1987", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["cottonseed", "gnp", "money-supply", "palladium"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. current account deficitwidened to a record 36.84 billion dlrs on a balance of paymentsbasis in the October-December fourth quarter of 1986 from arevised 35.29 billion dlrs in the third quarter, the CommerceDepartment said. Previously, the department said the third-quarter deficitwas 36.28 billion dlrs. For the full year 1986, the current account, a broadmeasure of trade performance, was in deficit a record 140.57billion dlrs after a 117.68 billion dlr deficit in 1985. The department said an increase in the merchandise tradedeficit during the fourth quarter to 38.4 billion dlrs from37.1 billion dlrs in the third quarter was the main reason forthe worsening deficit. Net service receipts declined to 5.5 billion dlrs in thefinal quarter from six billion dlrs in the third quarter. The current account includes trade in merchandise andservices as well as U.S. financial transactions with the restof the world. The department said the merchandise trade deficit for allof 1986 grew to 147.7 billion from 124.4 billion dlrs in 1985. Net service receipts were 22.3 billion dlrs in 1986,compared with 21.7 billion dlrs in 1985, the department said. Net unilateral transfers during the fourth quarter lastyear, covering foreign aid and government pensions, were downto 3.9 billion dlrs from 4.2 billion dlrs in the third quarterbecause of fewer U.S. government grants to Mideast countries. Liabilities to foreigners reported by U.S. banks rose 35.3billion dlrs between October and December after increasing 30.1billion dlrs in the third quarter. For the full year, these liabilities grew 77.4 billion dlrsafter rising by 40.4 billion dlrs in 1985. The department said inflows were boosted in the fourthquarter by international activities of Japanese banks andstrong demand within the United States to finance acquisitions. Net foreign sales of U.S. Treasury securities by foreignerswere 2.7 billion dlrs in the quarter after purchases of 500 mlndlrs in the third quarter. Net foreign purchases of securities other than U.S.Treasury securities in the fourth quarter were 11.8 billiondlrs, compared with 17.2 billion dlrs in the third quarter. For all 1986, foreign purchases of securities excludingU.S. Treasury securities were a record 70.7 billion dlrs,surpassing the previous record 50.9 billion dlr total in 1985. Claims on foreigners reported by U.S. banks in the fourthquarter rose 29.9 billion dlrs after a 19.3 billion dlrthird-quarter increase. U.S. sales of foreign securities rose to 2.7 billion dlrsfrom 300 mln dlrs in the third quarter because of a sharpselloff of foreign stocks and bonds, the department said. Outflows for U.S. direct investment abroad fell to 5.7billion dlrs from eight billion dlrs in the third quarter. Foreign direct investment in the United States increased14.4 billion dlrs in the fourth quarter, compared with 5.6billion dlrs in the previous quarter, because of stepped-upacquisitions, the department said. Foreign official assets in the United States increased 800mln dlrs between October and December after rising 15.4 billiondlrs in the third quarter. For the full year 1986, foreign official assets grew 33.4billion dlrs after a 1985 decrease of 1.9 billion dlrs asforeign monetary authorities intervened heavily in exchangemarkets late in the year as the dollar fell, commerce said", "answer groups": ["bop", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["platinum", "cocoa", "castor-oil", "coconut-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Mexico bought 11,000 to 14,000 tonnesof Canadian rapeseed, as rumored earlier this week, with priceand shipment period details unavailable, trade sources said", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "rapeseed"], "distractor groups": ["carcass", "palmkernel", "corn-oil", "hk"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Singapore's United Industrial Corp Ltd(UIC) has agreed in principle to inject 16 mln dlrs inconvertible loan stock into , acreditor bank official said. UIC is likely to take a controlling stake in the troubledinternational coffee trading firm, but plans are not finalisedand negotiations will continue for another two weeks, he said. Teck Hock's nine creditor banks have agreed to extend thecompany's loan repayment period for 10 years although apercentage of the new capital injection will be used to pay offpart of the debt. Teck Hock owes more than 100 mln Singapore dlrs and sincelast December the banks have been allowing the company topostpone loan repayments while they try to find an investor. The nine banks are Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp Ltd, UnitedOverseas Bank Ltd, Banque Paribas, Bangkok Bank Ltd, CitibankN.A., Standard Chartered Bank Ltd, Algemene Bank Nederland NV,Banque Nationale de Paris and Chase Manhattan Bank NA", "answer groups": ["coffee", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["iron-steel", "veg-oil", "income", "copper"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The European Commission was authorisedto buy up to one mln tonnes of maize into intervention storesin the second half of June, although sales into interventionnormally end on April 30, Commission sources said. They said approval was given by the EC's Cereals ManagementCommittee because of the possible disturbance of the market dueto heavy imports of maize under the agreement between the ECand the United States. The agreement guarantees access to the Spanish market fortwo mln tonnes of non-EC maize a year for the next four years. The sources said the intervention price for the maize wouldbe 201.49 Ecus a tonne. They said at this price it seemed unlikely that the full They added the decision is also designed to prevent massiveoffers of maize for intervention just ahead of the normal April30 deadline, which could be caused by speculation about theimplementation of the accord with the United States", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["sunseed", "palmkernel", "platinum", "sun-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Grain traders said they were stillawaiting results of yesterday's U.K. Intervention feed wheattender for the home market. The market sought to buy 340,000 tonnes, more than doublethe remaining 150,000 tonnes available under the currenttender. However, some of the tonnage included duplicate bidsfor supplies in the same stores. Since the tenders started last July 861,000 tonnes ofBritish feed wheat have been sold back to the home market", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["peseta", "f-cattle", "jobs", "silver"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Japanese crushers, starting to buy U.S.Soybeans for April shipment, have recently made purchases ofsome 48,000 tonnes, trade sources said. The sources said they could not estimate the total volumeto be purchased for April shipping because Japan's crushingprogram for April and June is unclear. They had predicted earlier that crushers' April shipmentU.S. Bean purchases would drop to 260,000 to 270,000 from themonthly average of 300,000 to 330,000 tonnes due to low soybeanmeal prices", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "soybean"], "distractor groups": ["lei", "silver", "citruspulp", "tapioca"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Hamilton Oil Corp said reserves at theend of 1986 were 59.8 mln barrels of oil and 905.5 billioncubic feet of natural gas, or 211 mln barrels equivalent, up 10mln equivalent barrels from a year before", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "castor-oil", "citruspulp", "acq"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of Spain suspended its dailymoney market assistance and offered to drain funds with three-and seven-day repurchase agreements at 12-1/2 pct, money marketsources said. The sources said the measures were a further attempt torein in money supply and were likely to force some institutionsto scramble for funds before the 10-day accounting period forreserve requirements closes on Monday. The bank, which raised its rate for ordinary overnightassistance to 13-3/4 from 13-1/2 pct on Wednesday, opened itsspecial borrowing facility for overnight funds at 14-1/2 pct. Money market sources said institutions in need of fundswere likely to have to return to the bank tomorrow for furtherassistance. The bank rarely invites applications for ordinaryassistance on a Saturday and the sources said it was morelikely to open its special borrowing facility again", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "money-supply", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["crude", "coconut-oil", "inventories"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Mountain States Resources Corpsaid it acquired two properties to its strategic mineralsholdings. The acquisitions bring to its land position a total of5,100 acres of titanium, zirconium and rare earth resources,the company said. Both properties, located in southern Utah, consist ofapproximately 1,430 acres of unpatented mining claims and onestate lease, it said. The company also announced the formation of Rare TechMinerals Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary", "answer groups": ["acq", "strategic-metal"], "distractor groups": ["corn-oil", "veg-oil", "nkr", "copper"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Newmont Mining Corp said MagmaCopper Co anticipates being able to produce copper at a profitby 1991, assuming copper prices remain at their current levels. In an information statement distributed to Newmontshareholders explaining the dividend of Magma shares declaredTuesday, Newmont said Magma had a net loss of 46.6 mln dlrs in1986, adding this was equal to 1.22 cts a share. Newmont holders will receive 80 pct of Magma's stock as adividend of one share for each of the 30,458,000 Newmont sharesnow held. Newmont will retain 15 pct of the stock. The 1986 net loss was on a pro forma basis, Newmont said.On a historical basis, it added, Magma had a 1986 net loss of58.1 mln dlrs on a loss from operations of 42.3 mln dlrs. On Dec 31, 1986, Newmont said, Magma had about 85.0 mlndlrs of net operating loss carryforwards expiring in 1999-2000and about 4.0 mln dlrs of investment tax credit carryoverexpiring in 2000-2001. Newmont said Magma has pre-tax losses of 290 mln dlrsduring the 1981 through 1985 period, noting the five major U.S.primary copper producers reported aggregate pre-tax losses of1.9 billion dlrs during five year period. Newmont said Magma had total sales of 347.3 mln dlrs lastyear, including copper sales of 293.4 mln dlrs. It said the copper sales value was up from 267.6 mln dlrsin 1985 reflecting a 10.1 pct increase in quantity sold to212,000 short tons and a 0.4 pct decrease in price", "answer groups": ["copper", "earn"], "distractor groups": ["jobs", "groundnut", "f-cattle", "orange"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Kansas City Commodity Credit Corpoffice is preparing a wheat catalogue containing roughly 300mln bushels, scheduled to be released in the next two to threeweeks, a CCC spokesman said. The catalogue should include all CCC stocks stored atterminals and about 50 pct of the stocks stored at countryelevators, the spokesman said. Hard red winter wheat shouldcomprise the bulk of the stocks, followed by spring wheat, hesaid. The release date is tentative in case there are snags inthe catalogue's preparation, the spokesman said", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["housing", "ipi", "groundnut", "gold"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.K. Exported 535,460 tonnes of wheatand 336,750 tonnes of barley in January, the Home Grown CerealsAuthority (HGCA) said, quoting adjusted Customs and Excisefigures. Based on the previous January figures issued on February 9,wheat exports increased by nearly 64,000 tonnes and barley byabout 7,000 tonnes. The new figures bring cumulative wheat exports for theperiod July 1/February 13 to 2.99 mln tonnes, and barley to2.96 mln compared with 1.25 and 1.89 mln tonnes respectively ayear ago. January wheat exports comprised 251,000 tonnes to EuropeanCommunity destinations and 284,000 tonnes to third countries. The Soviet Union was prominent in third countrydestinations, taking 167,700 tonnes while Poland was creditedwith 54,500 and South Korea 50,000 tonnes. Italy was thelargest EC recipient with 75,000 tonnes followed by WestGermany with 55,200 and France 52,000 tonnes. Barley exports for January comprised 103,700 tonnes to theEC and 233,000 to third countries. The Soviet Union was thelargest single importer with 133,265 tonnes followed by SaudiArabia with 53,800 tonnes", "answer groups": ["grain", "barley", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["rape-oil", "cpi", "rape-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Canadian and Egyptian wheat negotiatorsfailed to conclude an agreement on Canadian wheat exports toEgypt during talks last week, but the Canadian team will returnto Cairo for further negotiations, Canadian embassy officialssaid. An embassy official declined to identify which issuesremained to be resolved and when the talks would resume. In a five-year protocol signed in 1985, Cairo agreed topurchase 500,000 tonnes of Canadian wheat a year", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["palladium", "palmkernel", "l-cattle", "stg"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French sugar group Beghin-Say, which is49.6 pct owned by Italy's Gruppo Ferruzzi, is to raise itscapital to 703 mln francs from 527 mln through a three-for-oneissue of shares and investment certificates to financeexpansion, president Jean-Marc Vernes told analysts. For the first stage Beghin-Say will issue some 2.05 mln new65 franc shares at 500 francs to increase capital to 660 mlnfrancs. The share currently trades at 734 francs. Then 658,000new 65 franc investment certificates will be issued at 400francs, raising capital to 703 mln francs. The capital increase will bring the group around 1.2billion francs in new funds to finance its expansion plans.These include the possible acquisition of the Corn Productsmaize starch plant at Haubourdin in northern France, Vernessaid. Ferruzzi is one of several groups bidding to buy all ofCorn Products' installations in Europe. Apart from the Frenchplant, these include three factories in each of Italy and WestGermany, two in Britain and Spain and one in the Netherlandsand Denmark. Corn Products has put a 650 mln dlr price tag on theinstallations, and Beghin-Say estimates that acquisition of theHaubourdin plant would cost between 80 and 100 mln dlrs, Vernessaid. If this bid fails, Beghin-Say would consider acquiring anddeveloping two other French plants, either in the maize orwheat starch sector. Beghin-Say is also planning to finance European expansionfor its Kaysersberg subsidiary, another major reason for itscapital increase. Kaysersberg, which was transformed from a division ofBeghin-Say into a fully-fledged chemical subsidiary last year,has been holding talks with other European companies onpossible accords, Vernes said. He added the company could beintroduced onto the Paris Bourse in the near future", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["jet", "money-supply", "soy-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department saidprivate U.S. exporters reported new sales of 900,000 tonnes ofcorn to the Soviet Union and 350,000 tonnes of corn switchedfrom previously announced unknown destinations to the USSR. The corn is for delivery during the 1986/87 marketing yearand under the fourth year of the U.S.-USSR Long Term GrainSupply Agreement, the USDA said. The department said exporters also reported corn sales of143,000 tonnes for delivery to Taiwan, with 56,000 tonnes forshipment in the 1986/87 season and the balance for shipment inthe 1987/88 year. The marketing year for corn began September 1. Sales of corn to the USSR for delivery during the fourthyear of the agreement, which ends this September 30, now total2.25 mln tonnes", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["oilseed", "palladium", "ship", "wpi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of Finland said it wasreducing restrictions on the use of money market rates asreference rates for loans. The Bank would start quoting money market rates referred toas HELIBOR (Helsinki Interbank Offered Rate). Banks mayhenceforth use these as reference rates in their lending, itsaid. From May 1 the banks would be allowed, without specialcentral bank approval, to use as a reference rate not only itsbase rate but also other Bank of Finland rates or the officialmoney market rate used in market transactions. A derivative of these could also be used, the statementsaid. But housing loans would be excepted and their lendingrate would, as formerly, be linked directly or indirectly tothe Bank of Finland's base rate. The new guidelines involve mainly two changes. Money marketrates in future would be used as reference rates for loans witha maturity of over five years and the introduction of a newreference rate would no longer require central bank approval. The decision was made as a continuation of the centralbank's process of liberalisation, it said", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["cotton", "palm-oil", "castor-oil", "housing"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Total Erickson Resources Ltd andConsolidated Silver Standard Mines Ltd said that TotalErickson has purchased all Consolidated's interests in its DomeMountain property for 60,000 Total Erickson shares and 70,000dlrs in cash. The companies said the property has several gold-bearingveins and has considerable exploration potential", "answer groups": ["acq", "gold"], "distractor groups": ["heat", "soy-meal", "groundnut", "retail"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Exports of French soft wheat for theperiod July 1, 1986, to March 1, 1987, fell 27.6 pct to 8.21mln tonnes from 11.34 mln tonnes in the same 1985/86 period,the national cereals office ONIC said quoting customs figures. Of this total, exports to non-EC countries totalled 3.76mln tonnes, 34 pct down on 5.70 mln, and exports to EC nations4.45 mln tonnes, 21.1 pct down on a previous 5.64 mln. Main EC destinations were Italy with two mln tonnes versus1.9 mln, Belgium 500,000 tonnes (one mln), Netherlands 500,000(600,000), West Germany 500,000 (800,000), Spain 300,000(zero), Britain 300,000 (700,000), Greece 200,000 (300,000),and Ireland 100,000 (200,000). In flour, exports totalled 980,000 tonnes, up 6.5 pct on aprevious 920,000 tonnes. Exports of maize totalled 4.11 mln tonnes, 37.4 pct up on aprevious 2.99 mln. Exports to non-EC countries were 190,000tonnes against 140,000 and to EC countries 3.92 mln tonnesagainst 2.84 mln. Main EC desinations were Netherlands 900,000 (600,000),Belgium 800,000 (one mln), Britain 700,000 (500,000), WestGermany 400,000 (same), Italy 300,000 (200,000) and Greece300,000 (zero)", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["nzdlr", "copper", "tin"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Denmark's balance of payments oncurrent account was provisionally put at zero in February,against a 181 mln crown surplus in January and a 1.5 billiondeficit in February 1986, the National Statistics Office said. Exports rose to 13.94 billion crowns in February from 12.53billion in January, against 14.16 billion in February lastyear. February imports rose to 13.94 billion from 12.35 billionin January, against 15.67 billion in February 1986. The February figure provisionally gives a trade surplus for1987 of 180 mln crowns, against a 3.04 billion deficit in thesame 1986 period", "answer groups": ["bop", "trade"], "distractor groups": ["red-bean", "sugar", "corn", "coffee"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The New York Coffee, Sugar and CocoaExchange (CSCE) elected former first vice chairman GeraldClancy to a two-year term as chairman of the board of managers,replacing previous chairman Howard Katz. Katz, chairman since 1985, will remain a board member. Clancy currently serves on the Exchange board of managersas chairman of its appeals, executive, pension and politicalaction committees. The CSCE also elected Charles Nastro, executive vicepresident of Shearson Lehman Bros, as first vice chairman.Anthony Maccia, vice president of Woodhouse, Drake and Carey,was named second vice chairman, and Clifford Evans, presidentof Demico Futures, was elected treasurer", "answer groups": ["sugar", "cocoa", "coffee"], "distractor groups": ["linseed", "peseta", "potato"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "THE FOLLOWING RAINFALL WAS RECORDED INTHE 24 HOURS UP TO (1200) GMT TODAY PARANA STATE: CASCAVEL NIL, PONTA GROSSA NIL,CAMPO MOURAONIL, LONDRINA NIL, MARINGA NIL. RIO GRANDO DO SUL STATE: PASSO FUNDO NIL, SANTA MARIA 7.0MILLIMETRES, CRUZ ALTA 8.5 MM, SAO LUIZ GONZAGA 4.4 MM", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "soybean"], "distractor groups": ["ship", "rye", "cpi", "rape-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Staley Continental Incsaid it sold its 50 interest in Sociedad Iberica deMolturacion, S.A. (Simsa), a soybean and sunflower seedprocessing company based in Madrid, Spain. Staley's investment in Simsa no longer fit its overallcoporate strategy and an agreement to sell the interest wascompleted in May, it said. Staley said the Simsa transaction will not have a materialeffect on its balance sheet", "answer groups": ["acq", "soybean", "oilseed", "sunseed"], "distractor groups": ["nickel", "crude"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "City Resources Ltd said it has agreedin principle to sell a 50 pct interest in a group of mineralproperties in the southwest Pacific to a buyer it did not namefor 30 mln Canadian dlrs. The company said a preliminary estimate of the geologicalresources of one of the properties to a depth of 200 metersindicates a potential of 1.2 mln ounces of gold, and by themiddle of 1987 it expects to establish proven ore reservescontaining at least 500,000 ounces of gold. It said miningcould start in 1988, subject to a satisfactory prefeasibilitystudy. The company said completion of the transaction is subjectto regulatory and shareholder approvals. City Resources is controlled by City Resources Ltd ofAustralia", "answer groups": ["gold", "acq"], "distractor groups": ["hog", "strategic-metal", "sun-meal", "ipi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Peru will put into effect Monday a foreignexchange rationing system for imports designed to stop a slidein the country's international reserves, a government decree inthe Official Gazette said. Under the system, importers will be required to present abill from the foreign seller of goods and apply for a licensefor foreign exchange. The central bank will have 10 days todecide whether to issue the required foreign exchange. Net international reserves now total about 800 mln dlrscompared to 1.54 billion dlrs a year ago. The system will be effective until the end of 1988. A ceiling for foreign exchange availability will be set bya council with members from the central bank, the economyministry and the planning and foreign trade institutes. Thecentral bank will issue licenses to procure foreign exchange inaccordance with guidelines set by the council. Peru's reserves fell sharply due to a drop in the tradesurplus to about five mln dlrs in 1986 from 1.1 billion in1985, according to preliminary central bank estimates. Total exports dropped to 2.50 billion dlrs last year against2.97 billion in 1985. Imports last year rose sharply as gross domestic productgrew by about 8.5 pct, the highest economic growth levelregistered in 12 years. Imports were about 2.49 billion dlrs in1986 against 1.87 billion in 1985, according to preliminaryestimates. The cushion of reserves allowed Peru to take a hard-linedebt stance last year and suspend most payments due on its 14.3billion dlr foreign debt", "answer groups": ["reserves", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["coconut-oil", "gold", "gnp", "strategic-metal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Utilization of offshore mobile rigs inthe Gulf of Mexico climbed by 2.1 pct last week to 38.9 pct,reflecting a total of 91 working rigs, Offshore Data Servicessaid. One year ago, the Gulf of Mexico utilization rate was 32.5pct. Offshore Data Services said some drilling contractors hadreported recent increases of about 1,000 dlrs a day on largejackup rigs, which now command rates of 11,000 to 12,000 dlrs aday. In the European/Mediterranean area the rig utilization raterose 0.6 pct to 53.6 pct, against 67.3 pct one year ago. Worldwide rig utilization rose by 1.2 pct to 57.7 pct,reflecting a net increase of eight working rigs. Offshore DataServices said a total of 419 rigs were in use worldwide and 307were idled last week", "answer groups": ["nat-gas", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["corn-oil", "inventories", "acq", "lei"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Ice conditions are unchanged at theSoviet Baltic oil port of Ventspils, with continuous andcompacted drift ice 15 to 30 cms thick, the latest report ofthe Finnish Board of Navigation said. Icebreaker assistance to reach Ventspils harbour is neededfor normal steel vessels without special reinforcement againstice, the report said. It gave no details of ice conditions at the other majorSoviet Baltic export harbour of Klaipeda", "answer groups": ["crude", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["meal-feed", "castorseed", "jobs", "bop"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of England said it did notoperate in the money market in the morning session. Earlier, the central bank had estimated the deficit in thesystem today at some 450 mln stg", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["rapeseed", "lin-oil", "alum", "yen"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Federal Reserve is unlikely tooperate in the U.S. government securities market during itsusual intervention period this morning, economists said. Fed funds opened comfortably at 5-15/16 pct and remained atthat level. Yesterday Fed funds averaged 5.99 pct", "answer groups": ["money-fx", "interest"], "distractor groups": ["wheat", "castor-oil", "cpu", "fuel"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. House and Senate budgetnegotiators agreed as part of an overall budget accord reachedyesterday, to cut 1.25 billion dlrs from fiscal 1988 spendingon agricultural programs, Congressional sources told Reuters. The agreed cut in farm programs is a compromise between 1.4billion sought by the Senate and one billion by the House. The negotiators also agreed to cut 1.6 billion from thefarm budget in fiscal 1989 and 2.45 billion in 1990, for atotal of 5.3 billion in saving over three years, sources said. The agreement presents the House and Senate Agriculturecommittees with difficult choices on how to make changes inagriculture programs that achieve the budget savings targetswithout jeopardizing popular support payments, seniorCongressional aides told Reuters. Some farm state lawmakers already are manuevering to findthe budget savings. Rep. Dan Glickman, D-Kan., Chairman of the House grainssubcommittee, has introduced a bill which would freeze wheatand corn loan rates for the 1988 crop at the current 2.28 dlrsand 1.92 dlrs respectively, saying it would save 500 mln dlrs. House Agriculture Committee chairman Kika De la Garza hassaid the committee will consider the Glickman proposal. But Congressional sources said the proposal is unlikely tobe approved because of opposition from Republican lawmakers anda strong stance by Agriculture Secretary Richard Lyng, who saidfreezing loan rates would send the wrong signal to other majorgrain export competitors and would not achieve the budgetsavings Glickman claims. Another area where Glickman and other have said budgetsavings might be made is to increase acreage reduction program,ARP, levels for wheat and corn. However, on this issue also Lyng has taken a strong standwithin the Reagan administration, arguing that the 1988 cropwheat acreage reduction should be left at 27.5 pct and not 30pct as sought by the Office of Management and Budget, OMB. Mostcommodity lobbyists expect Lyng to prevail. Congressional sources said the only way to achievesignificant budget cuts through ARP increases would be to boostthe 1988 corn ARP. But one informed Congressional source saidsingling-out corn for an ARP increase would would be seen asunfair to one commodity. Congressional sources said the areas where Congress is mostlikely to eventually look for budget savings are sometightening of the payment limitation rules, and possible adoption of a 0/92 program for the 1988 crops of major grains. Those changes would achieve a portion of the 1.25 billionbut not enough, they said. Ultimately, Congressional sources said the agriculturecommittees may be forced to apply an across-the-board cut onall Commodity Credit Corp. payments to farmers, including pricesupport loans and deficiency payments, similar to theGramm-Rudman-Hollings budget cut applied in fiscal 1986. This idea has been suggested by the American Farm BureauFederation, AFBF, as the fairest approach for all commodities", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["cotton", "retail", "ipi", "nkr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Turkey's Central Bank set a lira/dollarrate for April 3 of 782.50/786.41 to the dollar, down from780.00/783.90. It set a lira/D-mark rate of 428.30/430.44 tothe mark, up from 429.15/431.30", "answer groups": ["dlr", "money-fx", "dmk"], "distractor groups": ["stg", "nat-gas", "bfr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "No raw sugar is being unloaded at Tateand Lyles refinery at Silvertown on the River Thames followinga fire yesterday afternoon, Tate and Lyle Plc said. The fire destroyed a large sector of the main conveyor fromthe raw sugar jetty to the weighhouse. The company said it is not yet known how long the jettywill be out of use but it hoped that by tomorrow unloading ofthe bulk carrier Mykon Wave will be able to continue usingtemporary arrangements, Tate and Lyle said. The Mykon Wave arrived in the port recently with about18,300 tonnes of bulk sugar from Maputo in Swaziland. About1,600 tonnes remain to be discharged. Five other ships loaded with raw sugar are awaiting atSilvertown to be discharged, Tate and Lyle added", "answer groups": ["sugar", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["trade", "rape-oil", "income", "jet"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Occidental Petroleum Corp said agroup in which it is a participant discovered oil in theoffshore Norwegian North Sea Block 9/2-1 exploratory well. The well tested at a maximum rate of 6,800 barrels of 39degree API gravity oil and 918 thousand cubic feet of gasthrough a 3/4 inch choke. The well, the first to be drilled onthe block, was drilled in about 320 feet of water to a totaldepth of 12,228 feet subsea. Occidental has a 10-pct stake in the 136,067-acre blockoperated by Statoil, the Norwegian state oil company, whichholds a 50 pct interest", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["jet", "nzdlr", "tea", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Drought has resulted in a reductionin China's estimated wheat crop this year to 87.0 mln tonnes,2.0 mln below last year's harvest, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment's officer in Peking said in a field report. The report, dated March 25, said imports in the 1987/88season are projected at 8.0 mln tonnes, 1.0 mln tonnes abovethe the current season's estimate. Imports from the United States are estimated at 1.5 mlntonnes compared to only 150,000 tonnes estimated for the1986/87 year, it said. After travelling to major wheat producing areas andobtaining more information on the planted area, the totalplanted area was estimated down 290,000 hectares due to the dryfall, it said. The report said to compensate for the below normalprecipitation irrigation has increased as has the use offertilizer. While there are pockets where irrigation is not possible,most of the wheat crop has access to some water and thereforehas emerged from dormancy and is doing well, the report said. It said scattered rain in many parts of China in the past10 days has improved the situation but information on haildamage in Anhui is incomplete", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["jobs", "veg-oil", "cotton", "gas"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.S. Agriculture Department saidit had accepted a bid for an export bonus to cover a sale ofdurum wheat to Algeria. USDA General Sales Manager Melvin Sims said the CommodityCredit Corp accepted one bid from Cam USA Inc on a sale of18,000 tonnes of durum wheat. Sims said the bonus was 42.44 dlrs per tonne and shipmentwas scheduled for June 20-30, 1987. An additional 246,000 tonnes of durum wheat are stillavailable to Algeria under the export enhancement program", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["cpu", "hog", "corn-oil", "zinc"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Commodity Credit Corporation(CCC) has switched 10 mln dlrs in credit guarantees to Mexicoto cover purchases of U.S. wheat, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment said. The credit guarantees were previously earmarked for salesof U.S. dry edible beans and rice, it said. The action reduces the guarantee lines previouslyauthorized of dry edible beans to by five mln dlrs to 45 mlndlrs and for rice from five mln to zero and increases coveragefor wheat sales from five mln to 15 mln dlrs", "answer groups": ["wheat", "rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["sugar", "lin-meal", "pet-chem"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The United Nations Food and AgricultureOrganization, FAO, said it approved emergency food aid worthmore than 14.3 mln dlrs for drought victims in Ethiopia. The aid will include 30,000 tonnes of wheat and 1,200tonnes of vegetable oil for farmers in the Wollo and Illubaborregions. FAO said it has also approved more than 1.4 mln dlrs offood aid for 8,000 families in Sri Lanka. In addition, 583,225dlrs of aid will be made available to Malawi to feed 96,700people displaced from Mozambique and a further 340,200 dlrs forcyclone victims in Vanuatu in the South Pacific", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["bop", "cottonseed", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The 11,254,837 acres of highly erodablefarmland submitted to the U.S. Department of Agriculture forthe conservation reserve program was within trade guesses of10-12 mln and should have an overall neutral impact on grainand soybean prices Monday, grain traders said. Farmers enrolled 1,894,764 acres of corn base acreage inthe conservation program to take advantage of a corn bonusrental payment that was offered by the USDA, which may underpinnew crop futures, they said. New crop corn prices firmed earlier this week on ideas of alarge sign-up in the program. But traders noted that the pooryielding acres being set-aside will result in only a modestdecrease in final production figures, since farmers willconcentrate on high yielding land. Of a total 11,254,837 erodoble acres submitted, usdaaccepted 10,572,402 acres into the program at an average rentalpayment of 51.17 dlrs per acre. Farm land signed up to date now totals 19,488,587 acres", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["reserves", "soy-meal", "lead", "sunseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Gotaas-Larsen Shipping Corpsaid it had exercised an option to build a fifth in a series ofcrude oil carriers to be constructed by in South Korea", "answer groups": ["crude", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["coconut", "wool", "cotton", "oat"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pacific Resources Inc said it hasinstalled a CALM (Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring) single-pointmooring terminal off the southwest coast of Oahu at itsHawaiian Independent Refinery at a cost of 3.5 mln dlrs. The system transfers crude and fuel oils from tankers tothe refinery's tank farm and carries refined products to shipsfor export, PRI said. Company chairman Robert G. Reed said the new mooring systemwill permit 24-hour service in most kinds of weather and willreduce ship turnaround time. He said the mooring is the firstof its kind in the U.S. The new system can accomodate vessels up to 150,000deadweight tons, or one mln barrels of cargo, PRI said", "answer groups": ["crude", "fuel", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["castor-oil", "carcass", "jobs"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Iraq said its forces sank three Iranianboats that tried to approach its disused deep water oilterminal in the northern Gulf today. A military spokesman, quoted by the official Iraqi newsagency, said other Iranian boats fled. He did not identify thevessels. Iraq's major oil outlets in the northern Gulf were closedshortly after the war with Iran started in late 1980", "answer groups": ["crude", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["cotton-oil", "bop", "wheat", "soy-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Texas Petroleum Corp said it issued 14.4mln shares of restricted common stock in exchange for oil andgas properties and joint ventures located in the U.S. andoverseas. The properties were acquired from and Texas Petroleum Corp in Canada, the company said.It added the acquisitions were the first step toward creatingan oil and gas exploration and development enterprise", "answer groups": ["crude", "nat-gas"], "distractor groups": ["gnp", "trade", "fuel", "oilseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. Rep. Dan Glickman, D-Kan.,chairman of the House Agriculture subcommittee on wheat,soybeans and feedgrains, said he would today introduce a billto apply the so-called 0/92 concept to wheat and feedgrainsproducers. Glickman told Reuters the measure would allow 1987 winterwheat producers and 1988 feedgrains producers the possibilityof receiving no less than 92 pct of their income supportpayments regardless of how much acreage they planted. He also said his bill would protect program participantsfrom reduced income payments in the event market prices roseabove the loan rate", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["ship", "pork-belly", "heat", "alum"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Japan appears to be relying less oncorn from China, Argentina and South Africa and more onsupplies from the United States, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment said. In its World Production and Trade report, the departmentsaid in the past seven weeks reported U.S. corn sales of nearlythree mln tonnes to Japan are about three times the levelduring this period last year. Reports of short Argentine supplies and the apparentunwillingness of the Chinese to sell at current world pricesmay have caused Japanese buyers to turn to the United Statesfor corn supplies, the department said", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["peseta", "coffee", "coconut-oil", "zinc"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French operators have requested licencesto export 422,000 tonnes of free market maize, 212,000 tonnesof barley and 20,000 tonnes of feed wheat at today's EC tender,trade sources said. For the maize, rebates requested range between 129.25 and138.74 European currency units per tonne, for the barleybetween 138.94 and 145 Ecus and for feed wheat 141.75 Ecus", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["cornglutenfeed", "zinc", "acq"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.K. Domestic wheat markets dropped aboutone stg per tonne early this morning following overnight newsthat the EC is releasing a further 300,000 tonnes of wheat fromBritish intervention stores for the home market over a threemonth period. April deliveries of denaturable wheat were offered in EastAnglia at 124 stg and May at 125 stg per tonne, both one stgdown on yesterday's traded rates. The market is expecting U.K. Wheat futures to show asimilar loss at today's opening", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat"], "distractor groups": ["cornglutenfeed", "castor-oil", "zinc", "linseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Saudi Arabia bought 4,000 tonnes ofMalaysian refined bleached deodorised palm olein for June 1/10shipment at around 356 dlrs per tonne cost and freight Jeddah,traders said", "answer groups": ["palm-oil", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["corn-oil", "cruzado", "castorseed", "instal-debt"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The staff of the Commodity FuturesTrading Commission, CFTC, recommended that the regulatoryagency approve the Minneapolis Grain Exchange's application totrade high fructose corn syrup-55, HFCS-55, futures contracts. The commission is expected to approve the application at ameeting tomorrow. The proposed contract would provide for the delivery of48,000 lbs, plus or minus two pct, of bulk HFCS-55, a liquidfood and beverage sweetener produced through processed cornstarch by corn refiners. Under proposed rules, a shipping certificate has a limitedlife, as it expires 30 days following the last day of tradingof the expiring contract month. A premium charge of 14.40 dlrsper contract per day would be assessed under the proposal", "answer groups": ["sugar", "grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["groundnut", "carcass", "zinc"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "There were three grain ships loadingand two ships were waiting to load at Portland, according tothe Portland Merchants Exchange", "answer groups": ["ship", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["gold", "l-cattle", "rice", "veg-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The joint committee of Taiwan's soybeanimporters will tender March 12 for a 27,000 tonne cargo of U.S.Soybeans for March 20 to April 5 delivery, a committeespokesman told Reuters. Taiwan's soybean imports in calendar 1987 are provisionallyset at 1.81 mln tonnes compared with a revised 1.74 mln tonnesimported last year. The 1.74 mln tonne figure was revised from 1.76 mln tonnes. Taiwan imports all its soybeans from the United States", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "soybean"], "distractor groups": ["interest", "soy-meal", "stg", "gas"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "St. Joe Gold Corp said it plans toproceed with development of its Golden Patricia gold propertyin northwestern Ontario. It said about five mln dlrs will be spent to continueunderground development and obtain operating permits andanother 10.2 mln dlrs is expected to be required to completeunderground development, construct a mill and provide theinfrastructure needed to put the mine into commercialproduction. St. Joe Gold said if the necessary operating permits weregranted in time, it would start gold production in the secondhalf of the year ending October 31, 1988 at an annual rate ofabout 40,000 troy ounces. The company said the property is estimated to contain over500,000 troy ounces of gold, and the initial mining projectcovers only seven of 192 claims, with drill-indicated reservesof 293,000 short tons grading 0.88 troy ounce of gold per ton. It said initial mine output is expected to be about 150tons of ore daily. St. Joe Gold said the Golden Patricia vein has not beentested at depth or along strike to the east and west andexploration is continuing on the Golden Patricia property andthe adjacent wholly-owned Muskeg Lake property. The company also said its Richmond Hill gold and silverdeposit in the Carbonate district of western South Dakota hasbeen shown by drilling to contain about 3,900,000 tons grading0.055 troy ounce of gold and 0.23 troy ounce of silver per ton. It said preliminary results are encouraging and a feasibilitystudy is nearing completion", "answer groups": ["silver", "gold"], "distractor groups": ["groundnut-oil", "oat", "linseed", "sugar"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Thailand will this week seekclarification from the U.S. About its decision to freeze riceexport prices from January to early April, Commerce MinisterMontri Pongpanich said. Montri told reporters he will seek a meeting with U.S.Ambassador William Brown to determine why the U.S. Failed toset its weekly rice prices in accordance with rising worldprices during the period. He said the U.S. Has followed a policy of weakening worldrice prices by announcing highly subsidised export prices lowerthan those quoted by Thai traders. Thai officials said weekly rice prices as announced by theU.S. Agriculture Department were unchanged for 11 weeks up toApril 8. Thailand, a major rice exporter, has criticised the U.S.Farm Act which provides heavy subsidies to U.S. Exportersenabling them to compete with Thai exporters. Thai officials said average export prices of Thai rice fell19 pct last year and another 5.8 pct during the first quarterthis year. The Board of Trade said Thailand exported 1.23 mln tonnesin January/March, down from 1.29 mln a year ago. It said the export decline was partly due to the reluctanceof Thai traders to accept all foreign orders as world pricesdid not rise in line with firming domestic prices. The board said, however, that Thailand may export more ricelater this year, especially to Africa, the Middle East andAsia, due to lower production in many drought affected Africancountries and to expected small exportable surpluses in Burmaand Pakistan. It said Thai rice exports to nine major African buyers roseto 351,889 tonnes during the first quarter from 93,038 a yearearlier", "answer groups": ["rice", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["soy-meal", "gas", "lead", "ipi"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Finance Minister Manuel Azpurua saidtoday he will travel to Japan in mid-May to seek new creditsfor planned expansions in Venezuela's state aluminum, steel andpetrochemical industries. Azpurua told reporters he will be accompanied by CentralBank President Hernan Anzola and Director of Public FinanceJorge Marcano. 'The idea is to hold meetings with Japanese economic andfinancial authorities, with the banks which have business andcredits in Venezuela and with some of the Japanese companiesalready active here,' Azpurua said", "answer groups": ["alum", "iron-steel", "pet-chem"], "distractor groups": ["palladium", "pork-belly", "l-cattle"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Loans and advances from the Dutchcentral bank to the commercial banks were barely changed at12.9 billion guilders in the week up to and including March 2,the central bank weekly return showed. The Treasury's account with the bank dropped 1.3 billionguilders. Dealers said a larger amount of funds in the form ofinterest and repayments on state loans went out than came inthe form of tax payments to the state. Notes in circulation rose 360 mln to 27.7 billion as thepublic withdrew cash to celebrate this week's Carnival festivalor take an end-of-winter holiday break, dealers said. Current money market rates are at 5-3/4 to 6-1/4 pct forcall money against 5-1/4 to 5-3/8 a week ago, and between5-5/16 and 5-9/16 pct against 5-1/4 to 5-1/2 for one to 12month periods, dealers said. The cause for the rise was a rather tight 4.8 billionguilders of special advances set by the Bank yesterday comparedwith 8.0 billion guilders for the previous set, dealers added. They expect the money market shortage to continue around 12billion guilders this week. The weekly return showed total Dutch gold and currencyreserves rose 11.3 mln guilders to 56.0 billion guilders", "answer groups": ["interest", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["sugar", "earn", "lei", "wool"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Bangladesh passed on its weekend tenderfor 100,000 tonnes of optional origin soft wheat, privateexport sources said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["barley", "retail", "money-supply", "can"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Despite earlier optimisticindications, the South African corn crop is at a critical stagein its development and recent reports of heat stress couldreduce production and therefore exportable supplies, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. In its report on Export Markets for U.S. Grains, thedepartment said South Africa's corn exports in the 1986/87(Oct-Sept) season are estimated at 2.5 mln tonnes, up 40 pctfrom the previous year. The re-emergence of South Africa as a competitor follows aperiod of severe droughts, which at one point required SouthAfrica to import 2.7 mln tones of U.S. corn in 1983/84, itsaid. Since those imports in 1983/84, the U.S. has been facingincreased competition from South Africa in Taiwan and Japan. But if South Africa is perceived as lacking availablesupplies, purchases of U.S. corn may be further stimulated, thedepartment said", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["alum", "palm-oil", "reserves", "coconut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The size of French 1986/87 carryoverbarley stocks, estimated at 1.72 mln tonnes compared with700,000 tonnes in 1985/86 is worrying, French CerealsIntervention Office (ONIC) Director Bernard Vieux said. He told journalists these estimates were unchanged at theend of February from the previous month while export forecastswere lowered to 4.5 mln tonnes from 5.76 mln in 1985/86. Vieux called on the EC Commission to help by awarding alarger volume of export certificates and said if no outlets areopened for French barley a large amount could be put intointervention. A small amount of French barley has already been put intointervention, Vieux said without detailing the amount. The outlook for French maize is better with 1986/87 exportsto non-EC countries now put at 700,000 tonnes against 200,000tonnes at the end of January and against 155,000 tonnes in1985/86. The higher estimate is due to the EC Commission's decisionto hold special export tenders for French maize, he said", "answer groups": ["barley", "corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["cotton-oil", "rand", "coconut-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Moderately active grain fixing wasreported out of the U.S. But none of the business involved thesignificant voyages to the Continent or Japan, ship brokerssaid. A steady 13.50 dlrs was paid from the U.S. Gulf to Moroccoand 23.25 dlrs was paid for 27,000 long tons from the Gulf toTaiwan. A vessel carrying 13,500 long tons of bagged wheatflour from the Gulf to Aqaba received a lump sum of 472,500dlrs. Grain from the Great Lakes to Algeria made 28 dlrs against27.75 paid for similar fixing towards the end of March. Market talk suggested a Federal Commerce vessel had beenbooked to move grain from the Great Lakes to Morocco on Comanavaccount at about 22 dlrs and 15.50 had been paid for a cargo ofoilseeds from British Columbia to Japan, but no confirmationwas obtainable. On the Continent, shippers agreed 19 dlrs for wheat from LaPallice to Buenaventura and 10.75 dlrs for grain from Ghent toNaples/Venice range. Elsewhere, maize from East London to Japanpaid 22 dlrs. Soviet charterers reappeared in the timecharter sector andsecured a 30,000 tonner from Savona for a trans-Atlantic roundtrip at 4,450 dlrs daily and a 31,000 tonner fromAntwerp-Hamburg for a similar voyage at 4,250 dlrs daily", "answer groups": ["ship", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["corn", "jobs", "cotton-oil", "stg"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. corn sales of just over 1.0 mlntonnes in the week ended April 2 were eight pct above the priorweek, but 25 pct below the four-week average, the U.S.Agriculture Department said. In comments on its latest Export Sales Report, thedepartment said Iraq, Japan and the USSR were the largestbuyers. Sales for the next marketing year, which begins September1, totaled 503,200 tonnes and were mainly to Iraq and Taiwan. Wheat sales of 119,300 tonnes for the current season andnet reductions of 13,700 tonnes for the 1987/88 season werefour-fifths below the combined total for the prior week and thefour-week average, it said. Sri Lanka was the most active wheat destination withpurchases of 52,500 tonnes for the current year, it said. Other significant purchasers for the current year wereMexico and Honduras, it said. Soybean sales of 240,500 tonnes were one-fifth below theprior week and nearly one-third below the four-week average. Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Italy and Israel were the majorpurchasers, the department said. Net sales of 117,700 tonnes of soybean cake and meal fell31 pct from the previous week and 38 pct below the four-weekaverage. Major increases for West Germany, Venezuela, theNetherlands and Saudi Arabia were partially offset byreductions for unknown destinations, USDA said. Activity in soybean oil resulted in decreases of 2,400tonnes, with sales to unknown destinations down by 2,700tonnes, while sales to Canada increased 200 tonnes, theDepartment said. Combined sales of 71,300 running bales of cotton -- 60,200bales for the current season and 11,100 bales for 1987/88season -- were four-fifths higher than the prior week's levelbut nine pct below the four-week average. Mexico was the dominant buyer for the current year followedby Zaire, Italy, and Spain, the department said.The primary buyers for the 1987/88 season were South Korea,Spain, Japan and Taiwan, the department said. Sorghum sales of 143,300 tonnes were 25 pct less than theprior week, with Japan and Venezuela the main buyers", "answer groups": ["veg-oil", "oilseed", "meal-feed", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["nickel", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "U.S. House Speaker Jim Wright said hewould question President Reagan tomorrow about his plan toprotect Kuwaiti oil tankers with U.S. warships from attacks byIran in the Gulf. House and Senate Democrats, who control Congress, have beencritical of Reagan's plan but have not decided how or if theyshould try to pass legislation to prohibit it. Wright, a Texas Democrat, told reporters the Administrationhad gone ahead with plans to reflag the Kuwaiti tankers as U.S.ships without asking Congressional leaders for their advice", "answer groups": ["ship", "crude"], "distractor groups": ["veg-oil", "copra-cake", "jet", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd said it began building the world's most advanced energy-savingtanker, which consumes only 48 tonnes of fuel oil a day. Construction of the 258,000 dwt VLCC (very large crudecarrier) Nisseki Maru for , a shipping armof Nippon Oil Co Ltd , is expected to be completed inApril 1988. It would run on the Japan/Gulf route, a companystatement said. The statement gave no other details. Mitsubishi Heavy last year finished building a vlcc ofsimilar size, but which consumed 57 tonnes of fuel a day", "answer groups": ["fuel", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["can", "interest", "jobs", "soybean"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Tanzania has arranged to sell53,000 tonnes of maize to Malawi, Mozambique and Zaire, radioTanzania said. The radio said the grain would be delivered soon, but gaveno details about the value of the sales. Tanzania is expecting a record maize harvest of 2.3 mlntonnes in the 1987/88 financial year ending June, up from abumper crop of 2.1 mln in 1986/87", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["rape-meal", "hog", "tapioca", "lit"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Private exporters reported sales of125,000 tonnes of U.S. corn to the Soviet Union for deliveryduring the 1987/88 season and under the fifth year of the LongTerm Grain Supply Agreement. The department noted the sales are the first reported fordelivery during the fifth year of the Agreement, which beganOctober 1, 1987. Sales of wheat and corn to the USSR for delivery during thefourth year of the agreement totaled 8,182,500 tonnes --4,080,500 tonnes of wheat and 4,102,300 tonnes of corn. Inaddition, sales of soybeans totaled 68,200 tonnes, it said", "answer groups": ["corn", "soybean", "wheat", "oilseed", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["linseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Tonight's American Petroleum Instituteoil inventory report is expected to show another drawdown indistillate stocks of between two and 7.5 mln barrels for theweek ending March 20, oil analysts and traders said. They said they expect gasoline inventories to be depletedby about one to four mln barrels. Analysts were divided on the crude stocks. Some saw stocksunchanged to as much as three mln barrels higher. Others saidstocks could be down one to five mln barrels. Crude throughputvolumes are expected to be unchanged to slightly higher orlower than the week ended March 13, traders said. The API recorded a 7.4 mln barrel stockdraw for U.S.distillates in the week ended March 13. Analysts see another draw reflecting historic seasonal trends. For the week ended March 13, API reported gasoline stocksdown 2.9 mln barrels. Those expecting a draw of as much as four mln barrels saidthey are looking for fairly high consumption rates as thespring and summer driving season gets underway this year,because retail prices are still low compared to recent years. U.S. crude oil stocks were reported down by 4.4 mln barrelsfor the week ended March 13. Analysts are divided over theoutcome for last week because there is uncertainty aboutwhether throughput levels increased or decreased last week. Some see crude stock levels unchanged to three mln barrelshigher, while others think inventories could be as much as fivemln barrels below the previous week. The lower estimates are supported by the belief that cruderuns increased and imports fell. The API reported crude runs 154,000 b/d higher for the weekended March 13. Analysts are calling it unchanged to slightlyup or down for the week ended March 20. Expectations for product stockdraws are already beingreflected in firmer prices, traders said. But if draws are atthe higher end of the estimated range, they added, the effectwill be bullish. Any stockbuild would be a negative factor,they said. Crude runs normally increase in March, and any decrease inruns would be friendly to the market, said Peter Beutel ofElders Energy Futures Inc", "answer groups": ["crude", "gas"], "distractor groups": ["retail", "groundnut", "cottonseed", "tea"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Taiwan will tender Thursday, March 26,for a total of 356,000 tonnes of U.S. number two yellow corn(14.5 pct moisture) for various Sept/Dec shipments via Gulf orPacific Northwest ports, U.S. exporters said", "answer groups": ["corn", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["zinc", "heat", "bfr", "groundnut"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Vietnam will resettle 300,000 people onstate farms known as new economic zones in 1987, to create jobsand grow more high-value export crops, the communist partynewspaper Nhan Dan said. Yesterday's edition, received here today, said Vietnamwould invest one billion dong, including the costs ofrelocation, in 272 new economic zones. About one third of thatsum would be spent on export crops such as coffee, tea, rubberand pepper in the Central Highlands, it said. Since 1975, Vietnam has resettled about three millionpeople from cities and crowded river deltas to the zones", "answer groups": ["coffee", "rubber", "tea"], "distractor groups": ["cocoa", "trade", "soy-oil"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The U.K. Produced 820,400 tonnes ofoilcake and meal and 431,000 tonnes of crude vegetable oil incalendar 1986, Ministry of Agriculture figures show. They compare with 785,800 tonnes of oilcake and meal and407,400 tonnes of crude vegetable oil produced in 1985. Total oilseeds crushed rose to 1.27 mln tonnes from 1.21mln in 1985", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "meal-feed", "veg-oil"], "distractor groups": ["castorseed", "money-fx", "rice"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "There were no shipments of U.S.grain or soybeans to the Soviet Union in the week ended March12, according to the U.S. Agriculture Department's latestExport Sales report. The USSR has purchased 1.0 mln tonnes of U.S. corn fordelivery in the fourth year of the U.S.-USSR grain agreement. Total shipments in the third year of the U.S.-USSR grainsagreement, which ended September 30, amounted to 152,600 tonnesof wheat, 6,808,100 tonnes of corn and 1,518,700 tonnes ofsoybeans. Shipments to the USSR in the second year of the agreeementamounted to 2,887,200 tonnes of wheat and 15,750,100 tonnes ofcorn", "answer groups": ["grain", "soybean", "corn", "wheat", "oilseed"], "distractor groups": ["sun-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "India is to partially cover the costof its Malaysian palm oil imports through a countertrade dealinvolving the construction of two bridges valued at 20 mlndlrs, an Indian trade source told Reuters. He said Malaysia agreed to the oil-for-bridges deal inOctober after India said it could no longer buy some 700,000tonnes of palm oil a year because of its trade deficit. Malaysia has also agreed to barter palm oil for 30 mln dlrsof hydroelectric equipment and is interested in countertradingfor Indian iron ore, wheat and other goods and services, hesaid", "answer groups": ["veg-oil", "palm-oil"], "distractor groups": ["rape-oil", "peseta", "barley", "stg"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Grain traders and analysts look for a10 to 12 mln acre sign-up in the USDA's conservation reserveprogram, scheduled to be announced after 1400 CST today. The USDA probably will accept about 80 to 90 pct of theacres submitted, they said. Total enrollment in the first three years of the program isonly 8.9 mln acres, so the sharp increase expected this yearhas underpinned new crop corn futures all week. However, some analysts said a 10 to 12 mln acre sign-up mayend up being negative to new crop corn prices, citing tradetalk earlier this year that 14 to 15 mln acres may be submittedby farmers. Also, acres set-aside under the conservationprogram are by definition poor yielding, so the impact on totalcorn production will be minimal, they added", "answer groups": ["grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["propane", "pork-belly", "corn-oil", "nickel"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Bank of Japan intervened in the marketin the early afternoon, buying dollars around 147.30 yen andcontinuing to buy them as high as 147.50 yen, dealers said. The Bank intervened just after the dollar started rising onbuying by securities houses at around 147.05 yen, and hoped toaccelerate the dollar's advance, they said. The dollar rose as high as 147.50 yen", "answer groups": ["dlr", "money-fx"], "distractor groups": ["copra-cake", "money-supply", "skr", "austdlr"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Grain analysts surveyed by the AmericanSoybean Association, ASA, projected acreage this year at 59.1mln acres of soybeans and 64.7 mln acres of corn. In 1986, farmers planted 61.5 mln acres of soybeans and76.7 mln acres of corn, according to the February 9 USDAsupply/demand report. The USDA is to release its 1987 plantingintentions report March 31. The survey included 15 soybean estimates and 13 cornestimates and was released in the March 16 Soybean Updatenewsletter sent to members. Estimates ranged from 56.0 mln to 63.0 mln acres ofsoybeans and 59.5 mln to 68.0 mln acres of corn. An ASA spokesman said the association plans no survey offarmers' planting intentions this year", "answer groups": ["oilseed", "corn", "soybean", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["coffee", "cottonseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "From April through December 1986,the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) issued 3.85 billion dlrsworth of generic certificates and about 1.8 billion had notbeen exchanged by January 1, 1987, the U.S. AgricultureDepartment said. The department said an additional 4.3 billion dlrs incertificates has been authorized for issuance duringJanuary-August, 1987. These certificates will provide ample free supplies of cornand wheat for the remainder of the crop year, the departmentsaid in a summary of its Agricultural Outlook report. Freeing of stocks through certificates is making U.S. grainmore competitive on world markets, it said. The department said last summer, for example, certificateswere exchanged for 215 mln bushels of corn. This helpedincrease marketable supplies, so farm-level corn pricesaveraged about two dlrs per bushel -- somewhat lower than theywould have otherwise. The lower prices probably led to an increase in usage of 40to 50 mln bushels, it said. The department said government spending on farm programs infiscal year 1987 is projected to fall half a billion dlrs from1986's 25.8 billion dlrs. During 1988 and 1989, the cost escalation of the first halfof the 1980's will reverse. If current policy remains in force,annual farm program spending by 1992 will be down from lastyear's record by more than eight billion dlrs, it said. The department said the President's budget proposals for1988-1992 would cut farm program spending an additional 24billion dlrs. In 1987, foreign economic growth is expected to remainclose to 2.6 pct, the same as in 1986, but above the 2.4 pctaverage of 1980-86, it said. Partially because of this improvement, U.S. export volumeis expected to rise in fiscal 1987 for the frist time in sevenyears, the department said", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain", "corn"], "distractor groups": ["rubber", "lei", "soy-meal"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Contract terms for trade in coconutoil are to be changed from long tons to tonnes with effect fromthe Aug/Sep contract onwards, Dutch vegetable oil traders said. Operators have already started to take account of theexpected change and reported at least one trade in tonnes forAug/Sept shipment yesterday. The Federation of Oils Seeds and Fats Associations, FOSFA,in London said it had previously advised traders to adopt themetric system for coconut oil transactions to bring thecommodity into line with other vegetable oils", "answer groups": ["veg-oil", "coconut-oil"], "distractor groups": ["sugar", "alum", "cotton-oil", "rice"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Two days of talks between management andunions to try to end the 3-1/2 month labour dispute at CargillU.K. Ltd's oilseed crushing plant at Seaforth ended yesterdaywithout resolving the situation, a company spokesman said. Fresh talks are expected to be held early next week but theactual date has not yet been fixed, he added. Oilseed processing at the mill has been at a standstillsince December 19 and the company has declared force majeurefor deliveries of soymeal and soyoil ahead to May", "answer groups": ["soy-oil", "veg-oil", "soybean", "oilseed", "soy-meal"], "distractor groups": ["sunseed"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "French exporters estimated that around600,000 tonnes of French soft wheat has been sold to China fordelivery in the 1986/87 (July/June) year. Around 300,000 tonnes were exported to China between July1986 and February this year. Another 100,000 to 150,000 tonnes will be shipped duringthis month and around the same amount in April, they said. France sold around 250,000 tonnes of soft wheat to China in1985/86, according to customs figures. However, certain exporters fear China may renounce part ofits contract with France after being offered one mln tonnes ofU.S. soft wheat under the Export Enhancement Program in Januaryand making some purchases under the initiative", "answer groups": ["grain", "wheat", "ship"], "distractor groups": ["jobs", "coffee", "rye"]}, {"question": " What topics are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Poland's winter wheat is likely tosurvive recent frosts but the impact of the cold will not beknown until late April, the Polish meteorology institute said. Some varieties of winter wheat sown in Poland can surviveground temperatures as low as minus 20 degrees C, SpokesmanTeresa Tomaszewska told Reuters. Even though an earlier thin protective layer of snow mainlymelted in February, air temperatures down to minus 30 C shouldnot be harmful, she said, but added that wheat can still bedamaged by cold spells in March and April, when young shootsmay be exposed to night frosts", "answer groups": ["wheat", "grain"], "distractor groups": ["sun-oil", "oat", "palladium", "sun-meal"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Excitation-Contraction Coupling Time is More Sensitive in Evaluating Cardiac Systolic Function.Background: Pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy is a key step leading to heart failure. Previous cellular and animal studies demonstrated that deteriorated excitation-contraction coupling occurs as early as the compensated stage of hypertrophy before the global decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This study was to evaluate the cardiac electromechanical coupling time in evaluating cardiac systolic function in the early stage of heart failure.Methods: Twenty-six patients with Stage B heart failure (SBHF) and 31 healthy controls (CONs) were enrolled in this study. M-mode echocardiography was performed to measure LVEF. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) combined with electrocardiography (ECG) was used to measure cardiac electromechanical coupling time.Results: There was no significant difference in LVEF between SBHF patients and CONs (64.23 \u00b1 8.91% vs. 64.52 \u00b1 5.90%; P = 0.886). However, all four electromechanical coupling time courses (Qsb: onset of Q wave on ECG to beginning of S wave on TDI, Qst: onset of Q wave on ECG to top of S wave on TDI, Rsb: top of R wave on ECG to beginning of S wave on TDI, and Rst: top of R wave on ECG to top of S wave on TDI) of SBHF patients were significantly longer than those of CONs (Qsb: 119.19 \u00b1 35.68 ms vs. 80.30 \u00b1 14.81 ms, P < 0.001; Qst: 165.42 \u00b1 60.93 ms vs. 129.04 \u00b1 16.97 ms, P = 0.006; Rsb: 82.43 \u00b1 33.66 ms vs. 48.30 \u00b1 15.18 ms, P < 0.001; and Rst: 122.37 \u00b1 36.66 ms vs. 93.25 \u00b1 16.72 ms, P = 0.001), and the Qsb, Rsb, and Rst time showed a significantly higher sensitivity than LVEF (Rst: P =0.032; Rsb: P = 0.003; and Qsb: P = 0.004).Conclusions: The cardiac electromechanical coupling time is more sensitive than LVEF in evaluating cardiac systolic function", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Self-aggregation of synthetic bacteriochlorophyll-d analogues possessing a B-ring reduced chlorin pi-system.Zinc 3(1)-hydroxy-13(1)-oxo-chlorophyll derivatives 3 and 4 having a B-ring reduced chlorin pi-system (C7-C8, C17=C18) were prepared as models of self-aggregative bacteriochlorophyll-d, which are regioisomers of 1 and 2 possessing a natural-type D-ring reduced chlorin pi-system (C7=C8, C17-C18). 3(1)-Epimerically pure forms of secondary alcohol 3 (3-CH(OH)CH(3)) as well as primary alcohol 4 (3-CH(2)OH) were effectively synthesized by modifying naturally available bacteriochlorophyll-a. Self-aggregation of 3 and 4 in an aqueous micellar solution was examined by UV-vis and CD spectroscopies and compared with that of their regioisomeric 1 and 2", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Recognition of carboxylate anions and carboxylic acids by selenium-based new chromogenic fluorescent sensor: a remarkable fluorescence enhancement of hindered carboxylates.A selenium metal-based new fluorescence sensor 5-pivaloylamino-1,2,5-selenodiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-7-(6H)-one (receptor 1) has been reported for the recognition of monocarboxylic acids and carboxylate anions both by UV-vis and fluorescence methods. Receptor 1 recognizes carboxylate anions more than monocarboxylic acids and it is a selective sensor for carboxylates with specially hindered carboxylate anions. The changes of fluorescence intensity are remarkably enhanced with red shift in presence of bulky carboxylate anions. The X-ray crystal structure of receptor 1 with pivalic acid has been reported", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Pulmonary surfactant model systems catch the specific interaction of an amphiphilic peptide with anionic phospholipid.Interfacial behavior was studied in pulmonary surfactant model systems containing an amphiphilic alpha-helical peptide (Hel 13-5), which consists of 13 hydrophobic and five hydrophilic amino acid residues. Fully saturated phospholipids of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) were utilized to understand specific interactions between anionic DPPG and cationic Hel 13-5 for pulmonary functions. Surface pressure (pi)-molecular area (A) and surface potential (DeltaV)-A isotherms of DPPG/Hel 13-5 and DPPC/DPPG (4:1, mol/mol)/Hel 13-5 preparations were measured to obtain basic information on the phase behavior under compression and expansion processes. The interaction leads to a variation in squeeze-out surface pressures against a mole fraction of Hel 13-5, where Hel 13-5 is eliminated from the surface on compression. The phase behavior was visualized by means of Brewster angle microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. At low surface pressures, the formation of differently ordered domains in size and shape is induced by electrostatic interactions. The domains independently grow upon compression to high surface pressures, especially in the DPPG/Hel 13-5 system. Under the further compression process, protrusion masses are formed in AFM images in the vicinity of squeeze-out pressures. The protrusion masses, which are attributed to the squeezed-out Hel 13-5, grow larger in lateral size with increasing DPPG content in phospholipid compositions. During subsequent expansion up to 35 mN m(-1), the protrusions retain their height and lateral diameter for the DPPG/Hel 13-5 system, whereas the protrusions become smaller for the DPPC/Hel 13-5 and DPPC/DPPG/Hel 13-5 systems due to a reentrance of the ejected Hel 13-5 into the surface. In this work we detected for the first time, to our knowledge, a remarkably large hysteresis loop for cyclic DeltaV-A isotherms of the binary DPPG/Hel 13-5 preparation. This exciting phenomenon suggests that the specific interaction triggers two completely independent processes for Hel 13-5 during repeated compression and expansion: 1), squeezing-out into the subsolution; and 2), and close packing as a monolayer with DPPG at the interface. These characteristic processes are also strongly supported by atomic force microscopy observations. The data presented here provide complementary information on the mechanism and importance of the specific interaction between the phosphatidylglycerol headgroup and the polarized moiety of native surfactant protein B for biophysical functions of pulmonary surfactants", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Organisms", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Study on the method for determination of sulfate in Fe-catalyst by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry].A direct method was reported for the determination of sulfate in iron-catalyst by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The samples were dissolved with hydrochloric acid. The interference factors of hydrochloric acid and iron were studied. The results showed that the effect of iron on the test of sulfate was not only to cause background interference but also to depress the intensity of sulfur seriously as well, and the effect increased with the increment of iron amount. Due to the physical in terference, a high concentration of HCl also depresesed the intensity of sulfur. Matrix effect from iron and HCl were corrected by matrix matching method. The recommended method is simple and rapid, and show satisfying precision and accuracy. The recoveries were more than 97%, and the relative standard deviations of six samples were less than 3%", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A pH-sensitive chitosan-tripolyphosphate hydrogel beads for controlled glipizide delivery.A chitosan(CS)-tripolyphosphate (TPP) hydrogel bead was prepared by the ionic gelation method for the controlled delivery of glipizide. The structure and surface morphology of the beads were characterized by FT-IR and SEM, separately. Factors influencing the swelling behavior of the hydrogel beads were also investigated, such as CS concentration (X(1)), TPP concentration (X(2)), the weight ratio of drug to polymer (X(3)), crosslinking time (X(4)), and the volume ratio of CS to TPP (X(5)). In addition, the swelling property and the delivery behavior of the hydrogel bead was studied as well. With decreasing of pH value, the swelling ratio of the bead was increasing. The swelling ratio of hydrogel bead at pH 1.5 was relatively high, while this value was low at pH 6.8. The amount of glipizide released from the hydrogel bead at pH 1.5 was about 90%, while this value approached 36% at pH 6.8. The results clearly suggested that the CS-TPP hydrogel beads were used as a pH-sensitive controlled release system for the delivery of glipizide", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "6-Aza-2'-deoxy-2'-arabinofluorouridine, a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside with an N-sugar conformation in the solid state and in solution.In the title compound, 2-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-1,2,4-triazine-3,5(2H,4H)-dione, C(8)H(10)FN(3)O(5), the torsion angle of the N-glycosylic bond is anti [chi = -125.37 (13) degrees]. The furanose moiety adopts the N-type sugar pucker ((3)T(2)), with P = 359.2 degrees and tau(m) = 31.4 degrees. The conformation around the C4'-C5' bond is antiperiplanar (trans), with a torsion angle gamma of 177.00 (11) degrees. A network is formed via hydrogen bonds from the nucleobases to the sugar residues, as well as through hydrogen bonds between the sugar moieties", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Enzymatic synthesis of UDP-(3-deoxy-3-fluoro)-D-galactose and UDP-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro)-D-galactose and substrate activity with UDP-galactopyranose mutase.The novel UDP-sugar uridine 5'-(3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-galactopyranosyl diphosphate) (1) and UDP-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro)-D-galactose (2) have been prepared enzymatically and tested as substrate analogues for the enzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UDP-Galp mutase EC 5.4.99.9). Turnover of both 1 and 2 by UDP-Galp mutase was observed by HPLC and 19F NMR. The HPLC elution profile and 19F chemical shift of the products are consistent with the formation of the predicted furanose forms of 1 and 2. The Km values for compounds 1 and 2 were similar to those of the natural substrate UDP-Galp (0.26 mM for 1, 0.2 mM for 2, and 0.6 mM for UDP-Galp), but the values for kcat were substantially different (1.6/min for 1, 0.02/min for 2, and 1364/min for UDP-Galp). A correlation was also observed between the equilibrium yield of product formed during turnover of UDP-sugar by UDP-Galp mutase (UDP-Galp, compound 1 or compound 2), and the amount of furanose present for the free sugar at thermal equilibrium in aqueous solution, using 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy. The implications of these results to the mechanism of the unusual enzymatic reaction are discussed", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities"]}, {"question": "n. Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Parameters altering the success of the one-anastomosis rat heart-lung transplant.The single-anastomosis heart-lung transplantation method in the rat developed by Lee and associates has been examined and has proven to be simple and reproducible. Technical procedures are discussed emphasizing those procedures that require special caution to ensure successful graft function. The donor and recipient rat strain combination has been found to influence the success of the transplantation procedure. Rat strain combinations used in our laboratories resulted in different percentages of donor heart survival. Using Lewis rat (RT1 1/1) recipients, 68% of Brown Norway rat (RT1n/n) donor hearts and 97% of NBR rat (RT1 1/1) donor hearts survived. However, only 29% of Fischer rat (RT1 1/1) donor hearts survived longer than 2 days when transplanted into Lewis rat recipients. In our laboratories, the Lee method of single-anastomosis heart-lung transplantation has been used successfully to evaluate whether immunoregulatory compounds alter heart allograft rejecti", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Comparison of delivery characteristics from a combination metered-dose inhaler using the Andersen cascade impactor and the next generation pharmaceutical impactor.The purpose of this research was to compare two cascade impaction devices for the aerodynamic particle size assessment of a combination metered-dose inhaler (MDI) product, Combivent. Particle size analysis was performed using an Anderson Mark II cascade impactor (ACI) and a Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor (NGI), both fitted with a preseparator and either a 1 L glass chamber or USP throat, and operated at various flow rates. Particle size distributions (PSDs) and dose delivery profiles were assessed by means of the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), geometric standard deviation (GSD), fine particle fraction <5 micron aerodynamic diameter (FPF(<5 microm)), and induction port deposition fraction (IPF). Under their normal operating conditions, the ACI (28.3 L/min) and the NGI (30 L/min) yield similar PSDs and dose delivery profiles. However, this equivalent performance for the ACI and the NGI no longer exists at a higher flow rate of 60 L/min. Furthermore, changes in PSD results may also be obtained between different operators and/or when different induction port designs were employed. Thus, it is strongly recommended that special care be taken to eliminate variation in experimental parameters and/or selection of ancillary devices such as the preseparator, induction port or throat, to insure good repeatability and reproducibility when testing inhalation drugs", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Simultaneous modeling of the Kovats retention indices on OV-1 and SE-54 stationary phases using artificial neural networks.In this study, a quantitative structure-property relationship technique has been used for the simultaneous prediction of Kovats retention indices for some esters, alcohols, aldehyde and ketones on OV-1 and SE-54 stationary phases, using an artificial neural network (ANN). The best-selected descriptors that appear in the models are the molecular values, number of atoms in each molecule, molecular shadow area on the xy plane and the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital. A 4-6-2 ANN was generated using these descriptors as inputs and its outputs will be the Kovats retention indices on OV-1 and SE-54 stationary phases. After optimization of the network parameters, the network was trained using a training set. For the evaluation of the predictive power of the generated ANN, an optimized network was used to predict the Kovats retention indices of the prediction set. The results obtained in this study showed that the average percentage deviation between the predicted ANN and the experimental values of Kovats retention indices for the prediction set were 2.5 and 3.0% on the OV-1 and SE-54 stationary phases, respectively. These values are in good agreement with the experimental results", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Humanities", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[The levels of adenine nucleotides and hypoxanthine in blood of patients on long-term hemodialysis using dialysis fluid containing acetate or bicarbonate].Intraerythrocyte adenine nucleotides concentration reflects energy balance of red cells and plays pivotal role in their function. In hemodialysed patients both ATP and ADP concentration in red cells was higher than in controls, p < 0.001 and p < 0.005 respectively. But AMP and hypoxanthine did not differ from control. No change of ATP, ADP and AMP was observed after hemodialysis, but hypoxanthine fall significantly, p < 0.001. The pattern of nucleotides concentration and its changes during hemodialysis was the same regardless of the mode of the therapy; e.g. acetate or bicarbonate", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A double-blinded, comparative study of the effects of short preseason specific immunotherapy and topical steroids in patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.BACKGROUND: Both specific immunotherapy (SIT) and nasal steroid (NS) have been shown to effectively reduce symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Although a number of investigators have convincingly shown anti-inflammatory effects of both treatments in separate studies, few comparative studies have been performed.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of preseason SIT with a standardized allergen extract and NS in seasonal allergic disease (rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma).METHODS: We examined 41 patients allergic to birch pollen, 21 with rhinoconjunctivitis and 20 with both rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma; they were treated in a randomized, double-blinded comparative study with birch SIT and NS (budesonide 400 microg daily). Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was measured before and during the season. Changes in eosinophil number, eosinophil cationic protein, and eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA) in peripheral blood were investigated.RESULTS: Symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis increased significantly less in the NS-treated patients than in the SIT-treated patients during the final 2 weeks of the season (P = .03 and P = .04, respectively). Seasonal peak expiratory flow values decreased significantly only in the NS-treated patients (P = .01). In the NS-treated patients, bronchial hyperresponsiveness increased significantly during the season (P = .0001); however, SIT treatment prevented seasonal PC(20) increase in the asthmatic patients. Measurement of blood eosinophils, eosinophil cationic protein, and eosinophil chemotactic activity demonstrated significant seasonal increase only in the NS-treated asthmatic patients.CONCLUSION: Treatment with NS was more effective than short-course preseason SIT in reducing symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis; however, the 2 therapies were equivalent in terms of the need for rescue medication. SIT prevented seasonal increase in bronchial hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil number, eosinophil cationic protein, and eosinophil chemotactic activity only in asthmatic patients. The mechanisms underlying bronchial hyperresponsiveness developing during allergen exposure in rhinitis might be different from those operating in asthma", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Vitamin B(12) incorporated with multiwalled carbon nanotube composite film for the determination of hydrazine.Electrochemically active composite film containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and vitamin B(12) was synthesized on glassy carbon, gold, and indium tin oxide electrodes by the potentiodynamic method. The presence of MWCNTs in the composite film (MWCNT-B(12)) modified electrode mediates vitamin B(12)'s redox reaction, whereas vitamin B(12)'s redox reaction does not occur at bare electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies reveal that MWCNTs present in MWCNT-B(12) film enhance electron shuttling between the reactant and electrode surface. The surface morphology of bare electrode, MWCNT film. and MWCNT-B(12) composite film was studied using atomic force microscopy, which reveals vitamin B(12) incorporated with MWCNTs. The MWCNT-B(12) composite film exhibits promising enhanced electrocatalysis toward hydrazine. The electrocatalysis response of hydrazine at MWCNT film and MWCNT-B(12) composite film was measured using cyclic voltammetry and amperometric current-time (i-t) curve techniques. The linear concentration range of hydrazine obtained at MWCNT-B(12) composite film using the i-t curve technique is 2.0 \u00ecM-1.95 mM. Similarly, the sensitivity of MWCNT-B(12) composite film for hydrazine determination using the i-t curve technique is 1.32 mA mM(-1)cm(-2), and the hydrazine's limit of detection at MWCNT-B(12) composite film is 0.7 \u00ecM", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Borderline tuberculoid leprosy--an unusual presentation: a case report.A twenty-six year old lady presented herself with multiple erythmatous, scaly, well-defined, hypo-esthetic plaques over bilateral soles, face and left leg. Histopathology revealed features consistent with borderline tuberculoid leprosy", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira.Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by a spirochaete bacterium, Leptospira. Serological detection of this micro-organism basically relies on a conventional microscopic agglutination test (MAT), which has some limitations and disadvantages. In the present study, immunoblotting has been applied as an alternative method for differentiating serogroups and serovars of leptospires. Leptospiral whole-cell lysates from a total of 26 serovars were subjected to immunoblotting using rabbit antisera against individual serovars. The findings clearly demonstrated that the pattern of immunoreactive bands could be used to differentiate between leptospires of different serogroups, consistent with MAT results. There was a multi-band pattern that was unique for the pathogenic Leptospira antigens and was not observed in the non-pathogenic Leptospira biflexa and non-leptospiral bacteria (i.e. Escherichia coli, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Helicobacter pylori). For pathogenic Leptospira species, a prominent smear-like band at approximately 19-30 kDa was present when the antigens were probed with the homologous antisera. The molecular size of the prominent band, although it showed a cross-reaction between members within the same serogroup, differed among different serovars. The results obtained from polyclonal antibodies (antisera) were confirmed using mAb. With its simplicity and safety of experimental procedures, it is proposed that immunoblotting may potentially be useful as an alternative method for differentiating between serogroups of leptospires", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Impaired heart rate variability in patients with mitral annular calcification: an observational study.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to study time indices of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with mitral annular calcification (MAC).METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was performed. Fifty patients with echocardiographic evidence of MAC and 50 age- and gender-matched control subjects without echocardiographic evidence of MAC were included. All the study participants underwent 2-dimensional echocardiographic examinations and 24-hour Holter monitoring for HRV analysis. Student-t, Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: Hypertension and coronary artery disease were more common in the MAC group than in the control group. All HRV parameters including mean RR interval, SDNN, SDANN, SDNN index, pNN50 and RMSSD were reduced in the MAC group when compared with the control group (p<0.05 for all). In hypertensive subgroup, all HRV parameters except mean RR interval were diminished in patients with MAC when compared with those without MAC (p<0.05 for all). In non-hypertensive subgroup, all HRV parameters were also diminished in patients with MAC when compared with those without MAC. In the subgroup of patients with coronary artery disease, patients had lower HRV parameters except mean RR interval, pNN50 and RMSSD in comparison to those without MAC (p<0.05 for all). In the subgroup of patients without coronary artery disease, all HRV parameters were depressed in patients with MAC in comparison to those without MAC (p<0.05 for all).CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that MAC was associated with reduced heart rate variability which possibly reflects decreased parasympathetic tone with a predominant activity of the sympathetic tone", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Impact of routine percutaneous coronary intervention after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation.INTRODUCTION: Since 2003, we have routinely used percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) to treat patients < 80 years of age after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) related to ventricular fibrillation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of routine PCI in association with MTH and the potential influence of age.METHODS: We studied 111 consecutive patients resuscitated successfully following OHCA related to shock-sensitive rhythm. They were divided into five groups according to age: < 45 years (n = 22, group 1), 45 to 54 years (n = 27, group 2), 55 to 64 years (n = 22, group 3), 65 to 74 years (n = 23, group 4) and ?75 years (n = 17, group 5). Emergency coronary angiography was performed in hemodynamically stable patients < 80 years old, regardless of the electrocardiogram pattern. MTH was targeted to a core temperature of 32\u00b0C to 34\u00b0C for 24 hours.RESULTS: Most patients (73%) had coronary heart disease, although its incidence in group 1 was lower than in other groups (41% versus 81%; P = 0.01). In group 1, all patients but one underwent coronary angiography, and 33% of them underwent associated PCI. In group 5, only 53% of patients underwent a coronary angiography and 44% underwent PCI. Overall in-hospital survival was 54%, ranging between 52% and 64% in groups 1 to 4 and 24% in group 5. Time from collapse to return of spontaneous circulation was associated with mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05 (25th to 75th percentile range, 1.03 to 1.08); P < 0.001), whereas PCI was associated with survival (OR = 0.30 (25th to 75th percentile range, 0.11 to 0.79); P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that routine coronary angiography with potentially associated PCI may favorably alter the prognosis of resuscitated patients with stable hemodynamics who are treated with MTH after OHCA related to ventricular fibrillation. Although age was not an independent cause of death, the clinical relevance of this therapeutic strategy remains to be determined in older people", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Signs of steroid myopathy in a group of patients with asthma undergoing continuous steroid therapy].The 35 patients with bronchial asthma undergoing continuous steroid therapy were examined in order to reveal any signs of steroid myopathy. More than 80% of patients complained of muscle weakness. In the physical examination the motor function was correct in the majority of patients. Muscular enzymes and blood electrolytes were normal. EMG has shown typical myopathic changes In over 80% of patients. The diagnosis of subclinical steroid myopathy was based mainly on EMG examination. This myopathy was independent of sex, age, dose an duration of therapy", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Characterisation of the alpha 1-protease inhibitor system in Thoroughbred horse plasma by horizontal two-dimensional (ISO-DALT) electrophoresis. 2. Protease inhibition.The protease inhibitory spectra of the eight homozygous Thoroughbred Pi types against trypsin, elastase and chymotrypsin have been determined. The alpha 1-protease inhibitor proteins exhibit three classes of inhibitory specificity towards these enzymes. The Pi types F, I, N and U exhibit class I (trypsin, elastase and chymotrypsin) and class II (trypsin and elastase) types of inhibition and fit Juneja et al.'s (1979) classification of two separate genetic systems Pi 1 and Pi 2 based on differences in the inhibitory spectra against trypsin and chymotrypsin. The remaining four Pi types are exceptions to Juneja et al.'s (1979) classification. Types G, L, S1 and S2 possess class I but not class II proteins. A third class of proteins (class III) which exclusively inhibit chymotrypsin was detected in all eight protease inhibitor types. Type G is well represented by class III proteins because two of the three major proteins of the ISO-DALT pattern inhibit only chymotrypsin and is thus an exception to Juneja et al.'s (1979) classification", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Role of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography and dynamic flow in the evaluation of hepatic tumors treated with radiofrequency.The contribution of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and dynamic flow (DF) (Toshiba) in the evaluation following treatment of hepatic tumors with radiofrequency (RF) is discussed. Twenty-seven patients with 34 hepatic tumors were included in this prospective study. The treated tumors measured 10-58 mm in diameter (mean diameter 29 mm). Two tumors were treated twice and one three times, comprising a total of 38 target lesions treated with RF and evaluated by 127 contrast-enhanced CDUS. The results of CDUS follow-up were compared to those of the dynamic MRI at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and 1 year. Before RF, the injection of Levovist raised the number of vascularized lesions seen with unenhanced Doppler from 44% to 79%. All the non-vascularized lesions were metastases. Twenty-four hours after RF, four tumors presented an enhancement with Levovist, in which two were insufficiently treated lesions. Twenty-one treated tumors have been followed-up jointly by CDUS and MRI at the same time at 2 months, 20 at 4 months, 12 at 6 months and nine at 1 year. Compared to the MRI and the evolution, the CDUS presented a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% for the detection of progressive recurrence. The preliminary results show that the CDUS is useful to confirm the absence of detectable vascularity after treatment with RF ablation, whereas the presence of enhancement must be confirmed by MRI", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A comparative study of the unfolding of the endoglucanase Cel45 from Humicola insolens in denaturant and surfactant.Cellulases are increasingly being used for industrial purposes, particularly in washing powders, yet little is known of the factors governing the stability of proteins in detergent solutions. We present a comparative analysis of the behavior of the cellulase Cel45 from Humicola insolens in the presence of the denaturant guanidinium chloride and the anionic detergent C12-LAS. Although Cel45 unfolds in GdmCl according to a simple two-state model under equilibrium conditions, it accumulates a transient intermediate during refolding. The four disulfide bonds do not contribute detectably to the stability of the native state. Cel45 is unfolded by very low concentrations of C12-LAS (1-4 mM). An analysis of 16 mutants of Cel45 shows a very weak correlation between unfolding rates in denaturant and detergent; mutants that have the same unfolding rate in GdmCl (within a factor of 1.5) vary 1,000-fold in their unfolding rates in C12-LAS. The data support a simple model for unfolding by detergent, in which the introduction of positive charges or removal of negative charges greatly increases detergent sensitivity, while interactions with the hydrophobic detergent tail contribute to a smaller extent. This implies that different detergent-mediated unfolding pathways exist, whose accessibilities depend on individual residues. Double-mutant cycles reveal that mutations in two proximal residues lead to repulsion and a destabilization greater than the sum of the individual mutations as measured by GdmCl denaturation, but they also reduce the affinity for LAS and therefore actually stabilize the protein relative to wild-type. Ligands that interact strongly with the denatured state may therefore alter the unfolding process", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Stage IV small cell esophageal carcinoma that responded to various chemotherapeutic regimens with relative longevity - a case report].Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is reported to be both rare and aggressive, and is commonly associated with a short post-diagnosis survival period. We report a case of Stage IV small cell carcinoma of the esophagus involving a relatively long survival period of 2 years. The patient was a 70-year-old man with a chief complaint of epigastric discomfort. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy by a local physician showed a protruding tumor at the mid-thoracic esophagus. Tumor biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma. Chest-abdominal computed tomography revealed multiple liver metastases, and swelling of a number of regional lymph nodes. The diagnosis was cT3N4M1, cStage IVb esophageal small cell carcinoma. According to the regimen used for lung small cell carcinoma, we administered CDDP/CPT-11. After administration of four courses, the primary lesion, liver metastases, and lymph node metastases significantly reduced, indicating a partial response. However, after completion of eight courses, liver metastasis and lymph node swelling recurred. The patient subsequently received other therapeutic regimens such as CBDCA/VP-16, AMR, NGT, and CDGP/5-FU. However, the tumor gradually progressed, and the patient died approximately 2 years after the first treatment", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Identification of autoantibody against beta-amyloid peptide in the serum of elderly.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by two major neurological features: amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (A-beta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. Several lines of evidence suggest that antibodies against A-beta play a protective role in the neuropathology of AD. In this study, we describe the purification of an autoantibody against A-beta from human serum using affinity purification method. The purified autoantibody recognized A-beta deposits in the brain of aged Tg2676 mice, an animal model of AD. The serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody correlated inversely with age in both AD patients and control non-demented elderly subjects. Furthermore, the levels were significantly lower in AD patients compared with the age-matched control subjects. It is the first time to show the identification of endogenous anti-A-beta autoantibody in human serum and suggesting that serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody might be a good biomarker for AD patients", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The histopathology of uterine leiomyomas following treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH agonists) cause pituitary desensitization by downregulation of GnRH receptors, decrease gonadal steroid production, and reduce uterine volume in women with leiomyomas. The purpose of this study was to examine the morphologic changes in uterine leiomyomas associated with GnRH agonist treatment. The study group consisted of 33 patients (mean age, 36.9 years) who presented with infertility, dysmenorrhea, and/or menorrhagia, and who were treated with a GnRH agonist prior to surgery. A control group consisted of 44 premenopausal patients (mean age, 41.5 years) with similar symptomatology who underwent resection of leiomyomas only. In neither group was there any history of recent pregnancy, uterine surgery, or hormone replacement therapy. Microscopic review of all cases was performed without knowledge of the therapeutic history. No differences with respect to mitotic activity, fibrosis, edema, or vascular changes were detected. There is a suggestion that leiomyomas subjected to preoperative GnRH agonist treatment showed increased cellularity (P = .04); necrosis (P < .001) was associated with preoperative GnRH agonist treatment. The reduction of leiomyoma size during GnRH agonist therapy may be due to both ischemic injury and cellular atrophy. Although necrosis of leiomyomas is associated with GnRH agonist treatment, the lack of significant pleomorphism or mitotic activity distinguishes these altered leiomyomas from leiomyosarcomas", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Unusual structural properties of water within the hydration shell of hyperactive antifreeze protein.Many hypotheses can be encountered explaining the mechanism of action of antifreeze proteins. One widespread theory postulates that the similarity of structural properties of solvation water of antifreeze proteins to ice is crucial to the antifreeze activity of these agents. In order to investigate this problem, the structural properties of solvation water of the hyperactive antifreeze protein from Choristoneura fumiferana were analyzed and compared with the properties of solvation water present at the surface of ice. The most striking observations concerned the temperature dependence of changes in water structure. In the case of solvation water of the ice-binding plane, the difference between the overall structural ordering of solvation water and bulk water diminished with increasing temperature; in the case of solvation water of the rest of the protein, the trend was opposite. In this respect, the solvation water of the ice-binding plane roughly resembled the hydration layer of ice. Simultaneously, the whole solvation shell of the protein displayed some features that are typical for solvation shells of many other proteins and are not encountered in the solvation water of ice. In the first place, this is an increase in density of water around the protein. The opposite is true for the solvation water of ice - it is less dense than bulk water. Therefore, even though the structure of solvation water of ice-binding plane and the structure of solvation water of ice seem to share some similarities, densitywise they differ", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Silent myocardial ischemia in patients with transient ischemic attacks].Given evidence that ischemic heart disease is the most frequent cause of death in patients with cerebrovascular disease, we used ergometrics to screen 80 patients with TIA for silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) at the neurological unit of Hospital Cl?nico Universitario in Zaragoza, Spain. The patients were compared with a control group of 80 with no signs of heart disease. Neither the patients nor the controls had ever shown clinical signs of coronary ischemia and their baseline electrocardiograms were normal. Stress test results were positive in 25 (31%) of the TIA patients, and in 4 (5%) (p < 0.001) of the controls, showing that the prevalence of SMI is significantly higher in TIA patients than in the general population. Hiperlipidemia (75% testing positive versus 43% negative, p < 0.01) and diabetes (31% testing positive versus 13% negative, p < 0.01) were the risk factors statistically related with a positive stress test", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Endoscopic ablation of esophageal malignancies with the neodymium-YAG laser and electrofulguration.The case reports of 40 patients with obstructive esophageal cancer treated with electrofulguration (EF) or neodymium (Nd)-YAG laser were reviewed. Surgery was contraindicated because of advanced carcinoma (17 patients), recurrence after resection (13 patients), recurrence after irradiation (four patients), and poor medical condition (four). Two patients refused surgery. There were 31 men and four women; mean age was 62 years. There were 31 adenocarcinomas, eight squamous cell carcinomas, and one metastatic breast carcinoma. Tumor locations were lower esophagus in 35 patients, middle esophagus in three, and cervical esophagus in two. Thirty-five patients had obstructions; two, bleeding, and three, both. None of the patients could swallow solids. A total of 255 treatments were given (mean, 6.6 per patient). The mean number of Nd-YAG treatments was 1.9; for EF, 1.3. All 40 patients tolerated solid food after treatment and the esophagus remained open from three to 14 weeks. Mean survival from first treatment was 11 months; from diagnosis, 17 months. Both techniques were safe and effective", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Betamethasone dipropionate in optimized vehicle. Intermittent pulse dosing for extended maintenance treatment of psoriasis.A study was done of extended maintenance therapy using either betamethasone dipropionate (Diprolene) in optimized vehicle (OV) (ointment) or placebo in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Of 59 patients originally enrolled in the study, 38 assessable patients achieved clearing of at least 85% improvement from baseline with traditional betamethasone in OV twice a day for two to three weeks before intermittent pulse dosing was attempted. Thereafter, the test medication was used on weekends (three consecutive doses at 12-hour intervals) once a week. Fourteen patients (74%) of the betamethasone in OV group and four patients (21%) of the placebo group maintained a remission status for 12 weeks. Intermittent pulse dosing with betamethasone in OV seems safe and efficacious maintenance therapy in selected psoriatic patients", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Outcomes after unrestricted use of everolimus-eluting stent compared to paclitaxel- and sirolimus-eluting stents.Compared to paclitaxel-eluting stents (PESs) and sirolimus-eluting stents (SESs), a paucity of data exists regarding the clinical outcome of everolimus-eluting stents (EESs) in unselected patients with the entire spectrum of obstructive coronary artery disease. The present study cohort included 6,615 consecutive patients at Washington Hospital Center who underwent coronary artery stent implantation with EESs (n = 519), PESs (n = 2,036), or SESs (n = 4,060). Patients who received bare metal stents, zotarolimus-eluting stents, or 2 different drug-eluting stent types were excluded. The analyzed clinical end points were death, death or Q-wave myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization, definite stent thrombosis, and major adverse cardiac events, defined as the composite of death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or TLR at 1 year. The groups were well matched for the conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease, except for systemic hypertension, which differed among the groups. The unadjusted end points for EESs and PESs were death (4.5% vs 7.1%; p = 0.03), TLR (3.4% vs 4.6%; p = 0.24), target vessel revascularization (5.6% vs 7.1%; p = 0.46), death or Q-wave myocardial infarction (4.5% vs 7.4%; p = 0.02), and definite stent thrombosis (0.0% vs 0.7%; p = 0.09). The unadjusted end points for EES and SES were death (4.5% vs 5.2%; p = 0.45), TLR (3.4% vs 5.8%; p = 0.3), target vessel revascularization (5.6% vs 8.6%; p = 0.05), death or Q-wave myocardial infarction (4.5% vs 5.4%; p = 0.39), and definite stent thrombosis (0.0% vs 1.08%; p = 0.003). The rates of major adverse cardiac events were similar among the 3 groups. After multivariate analysis, the rate of death or Q-wave myocardial infarction between the EES and PES groups was no longer significant (hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 0.59 to 2.20, p = 0.70). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest the use of EES in routine clinical practice is both safe and effective but offers no clinically relevant advantage in terms of hard end points compared to PES or SES", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Non-paroxysmal arterioventricular junctional tachycardia during postprandial hypoglycaemia in an obese non-diabetic patient.We have observed the simultaneous occurrence of postprandial hypoglycaemia and a rare cardiac arrhythmia: non-paroxysmal arteriovenous junctional tachycardia (NPJT) in a patient with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD) submitted to oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT). To our knowledge the association between hypoglycaemia and NPJT has not been previously described. The pathogenesis of NPJT might involve a myocellular Ca2+ overloading determined by a hypoglycaemia-induced catecholamine discharge in a transiently ischaemic myocardium", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Intraductal Laser Fiber Tip Fracture and Retrieval During Sialendoscopic Laser-Assisted Lithotripsy.Fragmentation of flexible laser fiber tips has been reported to occur during therapeutic bronchoscopy and urologic stone treatment. We report fragmentation of 200-\u00b5m single-use silica-based fibers during sialendoscopy-controlled Holmium:YAG laser treatment of a parotid and a submandibular stone. The technique employed to successfully retrieve the fiber tips is described in the context of identifying this potential complication from endoscopic management of sialolithiasis", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Immunodiffusion studies of some Nocardia strains.Forty-three strains of Nocardia, one of Actinomadura and two of Nocardiopsis were studied using the comparative immunodiffusion technique. Three reference precipitation systems were employed: one represented Nocardia asteroides N10, one N. asteroides ATCC 19247, and one N. otitidis-caviarum ATCC 14629. One tight cluster was formed by the N. otitidis-caviarum strains and another tight cluster was formed by some of the N. asteroides strains studied. However, other strains of N. asteroides were distinct from the latter cluster. Furthermore, N. asteroides ATCC 19247, which is the type strain, differed from most ot the N. asteroides strains tested. Strains of the species N. asteroides, N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica and N. otitidis-caviarum were found to be closely related, while N. amarae strains differed slightly from this group. The strains referred to Actinomadura and Nocardiopsis were clearly distinct from the three Nocardia reference strains; nevertheless, three antigens common to these genera were revealed", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Comparison and discussion of different surgical methods used to treat vesicovaginal fistulas].OBJECTIVE: To compare the feasibility and prognosis of different surgical methods used for vesicovaginal fistulas and to explore the value of electrocoagulation treating small ones.METHODS: The medical data of 19 patients who had undertaken transvaginal VVF repairs in Peking University People's Hospital between October 2008 and November 2016 were retrospectively collected. The follow-ups were performed. The patients' age ranged from 31 to 55 years with the median age of 48 years and the history length ranged from 1 month to 24 months with the median length of 3 months. Their fistula situation, surgical methods and prognosis were analyzed and the differences and similarities were compared.RESULTS: Three patients (15.79%) was performed by electrocoagulation, 4 (21.05%) by transvaginal repair, 5 (21.32%) by laparoscopic repair and 7(36.84%) by open operation. Except one patient who rejected urinary catheter and D-J catheters, the rest of the patients discharged with catheters. Twelve patients (63.2%) got full satisfaction with one operation. One of the 3 patients who undertook electrocoagulation repeated the operation for twice and got completely cured within 1 month while the other two undertook the operation once and got dry within 1 month. Three patients who undertook transvaginal repair got dry within 1 month. Two of the 5 patients who undertook laparoscopic repair had readmission for a second operation and the other 3 got dry after operation. Five of the 7 open repair patients got dry while the other 2 attempted other center for treatment.CONCLUSION: Transvaginal repair has been the main surgery procedure for VVF, but it is limited by the location of fistula and the condition of vaginal. For patients not suitable for transvaginal repair, laparoscopic repair and open surgery are feasible. However both laparoscopic repair and open surgery are more invasive. Based on that, electrocoagulation becomes a better choice. In our research, patients with small and high location fistula treated by electrocoagulation got a higher cure rate and bear less surgical trauma. Electrocoagulation used in the treatment of VVF showed advantages of less trauma, less bleeding and better satisfaction. Fistulas with low location were more suitable for transvaginal repair. Complex VVF, especially with narrow ureteral open and ureteral fistulas, were more suitable for open and laparoscopic repair. As for single and small fistula, the electrocoagulation can be the first choice", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Isolation and purification of an unspecific component from human serum albumin, typical for pathology].Albumin from blood serum of healthy persons and from patients with various pathologies and different severity of diseases was characterized using isoelectric focusing in borate-polyol system. In all the pathologies studied a new component occurred, which had an isoelectric point at pH 5.5 and which was not found in fresh albumin preparations isolated from healthy persons. This fraction was isolated and purified. Its isoelectric point was near pH 4.5-4.6 in isoelectrofocusing with ampholines. The divergences were due to complex formation of albumin with ampholines. The modified protein corresponded immunochemically to the human blood serum albumin, did not contain polymers, had a decreased amount of alpha-helix structures as shown by dispersion of optic rotation and its molecular mass was similar to the mass of native albumin", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Connexin 43 expression in intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer].OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of connexin 43 (Cx43) in the intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells and clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect connexin 43 in 75 paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissues, matched paracancerous tissue, and intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells.RESULTS: The positive rates of Cx43 expression were 33.3% (25/75) in gastric cancer tissue specimens and 100% (75/75) in matched paracancerous tissue (P<0.01). The positive detection rate of free cancer cells in peritoneal lavage was 38.6% (29/75) and the positive rate of Cx43 in peritoneal free gastric cancer cells was 72.4% (21/29), which was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer tissue specimens (P<0.01). Significant association was observed of Cx43 expression of free gastric cancer cells with tumor infiltration and histological type (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Cx43 gene may be involved in the mechanism of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Detection of syphilitic hearing loss.Syphilis can cause sensorineural hearing loss that is potentially treatable. To determine the incidence of positive serological findings in patients with sensorineural hearing loss, the rapid plasma reagin card test (RPRCT) and the FTA-ABS test were performed in a study group composed of patients with sensorineural hearing loss of obscure origin. Of the 306 patients with sensorineural hearing loss, 20 (6.5%) demonstrated a positive FTA-ABS as compared with two of 100 (2%) of the control group. Considerable variation was found in the rate of the false-negative and the biological false-positive RPRCT as performed by our hospital and state laboratories when compared with the results of the FTA-ABS test. Syphilis should be considered in any patient with sensorineural hearing loss of obscure origin, despite a negative history for syphilis. The FTA-ABS is the preferred test to exclude hearing loss of syphilitic origin", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Determination of butyl- and phenyltin compounds in human urine by HS-SPME after derivatization with tetraethylborate and subsequent determination by capillary GC with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometric detection.A headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) method was developed and optimized for gas chromatographic separation and determination of commonly found organotin compounds in human urine after potential exposure. Butyl- and phenyltin compounds were in situ derivatized to ethylated derivatives by sodium tetraethylborate (NaBEt(4)) directly in the urine matrix. The relevant parameters affecting the yield of the SPME procedure were examined using tetrabutyltin as internal standard. The method was optimized for direct use in the analysis of undiluted human urine samples and mono-, di- and tri-substituted butyl- and phenyltin compounds could be determined after a 15-min headspace extraction time at room temperature. The selectivity of the microwave-induced plasma atomic emission detector (MIP-AED) as an element specific detector in combination with the relatively selective sample preparation technique of HS-SPME allowed the interference-free detection of the organotin compounds in all cases. A quadrupole mass spectrometer was used in parallel experiments as a detector for the confirmation of the identity molecular structure of the eluted compounds. The performance characteristics of the developed method are given for the determination of mixtures of these compounds. Finally the proposed method was applied to the analysis of several human urine samples", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Agglutinating mouse IgG3 compares favourably with IgMs in typing of the blood group B antigen: Functionality and stability studies.Mouse immunoglobulins M (IgMs) that recognize human blood group antigens induce haemagglutination and are used worldwide for diagnostic blood typing. Contrary to the current belief that IgGs are too small to simultaneously bind antigens on two different erythrocytes, we obtained agglutinating mouse IgG3 that recognized antigen B of the human ABO blood group system. Mouse IgG3 is an intriguing isotype that has the ability to form Fc-dependent oligomers. However, F(ab')2 fragments of the IgG3 were sufficient to agglutinate type B red blood cells; therefore, IgG3-triggered agglutination did not require oligomerization. Molecular modelling indicated that mouse IgG3 has a larger range of Fab arms than other mouse IgG subclasses and that the unique properties of mouse IgG3 are likely due to the structure of its hinge region. With a focus on applications in diagnostics, we compared the stability of IgG3 and two IgMs in formulated blood typing reagents using an accelerated storage approach and differential scanning calorimetry. IgG3 was much more stable than IgMs. Interestingly, the rapid decrease in IgM activity was caused by aggregation of the molecules and a previously unknown posttranslational proteolytic processing of the \u00ec heavy chain. Our data point to mouse IgG3 as a potent diagnostic tool", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Hollow-fiber-supported liquid membrane microextraction of amlodipine and atorvastatin.A simple, environmentally friendly, and efficient method, based on hollow-fiber-supported liquid membrane microextraction, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed for the extraction and determination of amlodipine (AML) and atorvastatin (ATO) in water and urine samples. The AML in two-phase hollow-fiber liquid microextraction is extracted from 24.0 mL of the aqueous sample into an organic phase with microliter volume located inside the pores and lumen of a polypropylene hollow fiber as acceptor phase, but the ATO in three-phase hollow-fiber liquid microextraction is extracted from aqueous donor phase to organic phase and then back-extracted to the aqueous acceptor phase, which can be directly injected into the high-performance liquid chromatograph for analysis. The preconcentration factors in a range of 34-135 were obtained under the optimum conditions. The calibration curves were linear (R(2) ? 0.990) in the concentration range of 2.0-200 \u00ecg/L for AML and 5.0-200 \u00ecg/L for ATO. The limits of detection for AML and ATO were 0.5 and 2.0 \u00ecg/L, respectively. Tap water and human urine samples were successfully analyzed for the existence of AML and ATO using the proposed methods", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Personal method of transhiatal esophageal resection for neoplasm using thoracoscopy].A method of the simultaneous with vats is presented. While lifting the oesophagus by hand introduced through widened hiatus the mobilization is performed using VATS", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "MODIFIED HEIDELBERG TECHNIQUE FOR PANCREATIC ANASTOMOSIS.BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistula is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreatoduodenectomy. To prevent this complication, many technical procedures have been described.AIM: To present a novel technique based on slight modifications of the original Heidelberg technique, as new pancreatojejunostomy technique for reconstruction of pancreatic stump after pancreatoduodenectomy and present initial results.METHOD: The technique was used for patients with soft or hard pancreas and with duct size smaller or larger than 3 mm. The stitches are performed with 5-0 double needle prolene at the 2 o'clock, 4 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 8 o'clock, 10 o'clock, and 12 o'clock, positions, full thickness of the parenchyma. A running suture is performed with 4-0 single needle prolene on the posterior and anterior aspect the pancreatic parenchyma with the jejunal seromuscular layer. A plastic stent, 20 cm long, is inserted into the pancreatic duct and extended into the jejunal lumen. Two previously placed hemostatic sutures on the superior and inferior edges of the remnant pancreatic stump are passed in the jejunal seromuscular layer and tied.RESULTS: Seventeen patients underwent pancreatojejunostomy after pancreatoduodenectomy for different causes. None developed grade B or C pancreatic fistula. Biochemical leak according to the new definition (International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery) was observed in four patients (23.5%). No mortality was observed.CONCLUSION: Early results of this technique confirm that it is simple, reliable, easy to perform, and easy to learn. This technique is useful to reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Separation optimization of aniline and seven 4-substituted anilines in high-submicellar liquid chromatography using empirical retention modeling and Derringer's desirability function.The separation optimization of aniline and seven 4-substituted derivatives in high-submicellar LC was performed using an interpretive optimization strategy and Derringer's desirability function. Description of the retention of solutes was carried out through several hyperbolic and logarithmic retention models using the retention data of five mobile phases of SDS (0.06-0.12 M) and methanol (50-70% v/v) at pH 3. Among the investigated models, a logarithmic retention model logk=c0+c1\u00f6+c2[S]+c12\u00f6[S]+d12(\u00f6[S])0.5 showed the best prediction capability and was used to predict the solute retention factors. A grid search program was used to calculate the retention times of each solute, based on the best retention model, for all combinations of SDS and methanol concentrations in the factor space. Two different chromatographic goals, analysis time and retention differences between adjacent peaks, were evaluated simultaneously using Derringer's desirability function for each mobile phase conditions in the grid search. Optimal mobile phase composition for separation of eight anilines was found to be 0.119 M SDS and 53% v/v methanol. Under these conditions, full resolutions with a reasonable analysis time (22 min) were obtained. At the optimal condition, a good agreement was observed between predicted and experimental values of the retention times", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Clinical characteristics of borderline ovarian tumors and stage I epithelial ovarian cancer: an analysis of 143 cases].OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical pathological characteristics and high risk factors for borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) and stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).METHODS: A total of 91 patients with BOT and 52 patients with stage IEOC who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital from November 2002 to May 2010 were recruited in this study. The patients' clinical characteristics were reviewed respectively and compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The women in BOT group were significantly younger than those in EOC group (41.16 \u00b1 14.95 vs. 50.90 \u00b1 14.37,P<0.01). Compared with women with BOT, women with EOC were more likely to be post-menopausal(42.3% vs. 23.1%,P=0.016) and more with family history of malignant tumors (26.9% vs. 13.2%,P=0.04).There were no significant differences in the size of tumors and the serum level of tumor markers. But the size of solid portion of the tumor of EOC was significantly larger than that of BOT(P<0.01). The extent of the increase of CP2 among the patients with EOC was higher than that among the patients with BOT(256.99 vs. 116.59, P=0.028). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in tumors' histopathological type(P<0.01). The serous and mucous tumors were more common in EOC group (90.1%, 82/91). In contrary, endometrioid, clear cells and mixed epithelial cancers were more common in EOC group than serous and mucous cancers (44.2%, 23/52).CONCLUSION: Although the clinical presentation of patients with stage I EOC was similar to that of those with BOT, there were significant differences in the patients' age, post-menopausal or not, family history of malignant tumors, size of solid portion of tumors, extent of the increase of the tumor biomarker, especially of CP2 and tumors histopathological type. These clinicopathological characteristics might be helpful for us to make different diagnosis", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Multiplexed protein analysis using spotted antibody microarrays.This chapter describes methods for the production and use of antibody microarrays. The methods are divided into (a) antibody handling and microarray production, (b) sample preparation, and (c) microarray use. Two types of detection methods are described: direct labeling and a fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA). In the direct labeling method, all proteins in a complex mixture are labeled with either a fluorophore or a hapten that allows subsequent detection. In FLISA detection, a capture antibody on the microarray captures the unlabeled protein target, which is detected by a detection antibody and a fluorophore-labeled secondary antibody. Each method has particular optimal uses, which are discussed in the text", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Immunochemical detection of proteins and nucleic acids on filters using small luminescent inorganic crystals as markers.A new luminescent marker for the immunochemical detection of proteins and nucleic acids on filters is reported. The label consists of inorganic crystals, generally called phosphors, with a particle size of 0.1-0.3 microns, stabilized in suspension with polycarboxylic acids and subsequently conjugated to immunoreactive macromolecules. Immunophosphor conjugates exhibit slowly decaying fluorescence that is strong and practically nonfading and not sensitive to quenching by water molecules. They are therefore suited for conventional fluorescence detection as well as for time-resolved detection. The lifetime of the phosphors was in the micro/milliseconds range upon excitation with ultraviolet light. Proteins or nucleic acids immobilized on nitrocellulose filters were detected immunochemically or by hybridization, using haptenized nucleic acid probes followed by immunochemical detection, respectively. The ultimate detection limit of proteins, using phosphor-labeled macromolecules including an immunochemical amplification step, was found to be 10 fg. The detection limit of nucleic acids was 300 fg for demonstration of hapten-labeled probes and 10 pg in hybridization formats with hapten-labeled probes. The sensitivity of methods using phosphor-labeled macromolecules was in all cases as good as or better than that of methods using alkaline phosphatase developed to NBT/BCIP. The use of immunophosphors for detection of proteins and nucleic acids on Western and Southern blots is demonstrated. Finally, the use of multiple phosphors with different kinetic and spectral characteristics for multiparameter studies is indicated", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Chromosome number of Severtzov's sheep (Ovis ammon severtzovi): G-banded karyotype comparisons within ovis.Severtzov's sheep (Ovis ammon severtzovi; Nasonov 1914) has a 2n = 56 diploid chromosome number and a karyotype consisting of two pairs of biarmed and 25 pairs of acrocentric autosomes, a large acrocentric X, and a minute biarmed Y. The G-banding patterns of the largest pair of biarmed chromosomes were identical to those of the largest biarmed chromosomes in all wild and domestic sheep of the genus Ovis. The banding patterns of the second pair of biarmed chromosomes were identical to the third pair of biarmed chromosomes in all sheep of the genus Ovis with 2n = 54 and to the third largest pair of chromosomes in the 2n = 52 karyotype of the Siberian snow sheep (O. nivicola). The G-banded karyotype of Severtzov's sheep is consistent with all subspecies of argali (O. ammon spp.) that have been karyotyped. Numerical ascription of acrocentric chromosome equivalents based upon the fundamental karyotype of Ovis that gave rise to the biarmed chromosomes of severtzovi are 1 and 3, and 5 and 11 for the largest and second largest biarmed chromosomes, respectively. Based upon diploid chromosome number and G bands, Severtzov's sheep should be considered a subspecies of argali and not a urial", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Pharmacological prevention of postoperative adhesions experimentally induced in the rat.In order to evaluate the preventive action of certain drugs in the formation of adhesions, three different types of trauma were induced in the uterine horns of 105 female Wistar rats. The animals were divided into six groups of 15 rats each and to each group was administered respectively: aprotinin i.p.; hydrocortisone i.p.; dextran 70 i.p.; colchicine i.p.; saline i.p.; colchicine i.m. One more group of 15 rats was left without treatment, as control. Four weeks later the adhesions were evaluated according to a qualitative/quantitative score and the results analysed using advanced statistical analysis. Aprotinin achieved the best results both in and around the trauma areas. Dextran produced an overall reduction of adhesions, but showed no specific effect on the trauma areas. The other substances failed to improve the adhesion situation", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The ciliogenic protein Oral-Facial-Digital 1 regulates the neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells.Oral-Facial-Digital 1 (OFD1) Syndrome is an X-linked developmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene Ofd1. OFD1 syndrome involves malformation of the face, oral cavity, and digits and may be characterized by cystic kidneys and mental retardation. Deletion or missense mutations in Ofd1 also result in loss of primary cilia, a microtubule-based cellular projection that mediates multiple signaling pathways. Ofd1 mutant mice display pleiotropic developmental phenotypes, including neural, skeletal, and cardiac defects. To address how loss of Ofd1 and loss of primary cilia affect early differentiation decisions, we analyzed embryoid bodies (EBs) derived from Ofd1 mutant embryonic stem (ES) cells. Ofd1 mutant EBs do not form primary cilia and display defects in Hedgehog and Wnt signaling. Additionally, we show that ES cells lacking Ofd1 display an increased capacity to differentiate into neurons. Nevertheless, neurons derived from Ofd1 mutant ES cells fail to differentiate into V3 interneurons, a cell type dependent on ciliary function and Hedgehog signaling. Thus, loss of Ofd1 affects ES cell interpretation of developmental cues and reveals that EBs model some aspects of ciliopathies, providing insights into the developmental origins of OFD1 syndrome and functions of cilia", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Immunological alterations associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria in South Korea.Various haematological and immunological studies on patients infected with Plasmodium vivax were undertaken, at diagnosis (day 0), after treatment with chloroquine but during primaquine treatment (day 10) and after all treatment (day 59), in South Korea (where there has been a recent and abrupt increase in the incidence of such infection). The main aims were to gain an understanding of the haemto-immunological alterations of this malarial infection, both before and after treatment, and to identify at least one useful marker for the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of P. vivax malaria. Thirty-eight patients with P. vivax malaria were compared with 20, apparently healthy controls. At diagnosis, the patients had lymphopenia, marked eosinopenia (the eosinophil count being correlated with the platelet count) and thrombopenia. Cells of most of the lymphocyte subsets investigated [i.e. CD3+, CD8+, CD19+, CD56+, CD3-/CD56+ and CD8+/CD56+ but not CD4+, CD3+/CD56+ or CD25+] were significantly less common among the lymphocytes of patients at diagnosis than among those of the controls. After initiating treatment, the numbers of CD19+ lymphocytes gradually increased (to normal values by day 59), whereas those of CD3+/56+ lymphocytes remained abnormally low throughout the follow-up period. The proportions of lymphocytes identified as CD4+ appeared to be unaffected by treatment. Although serum concentrations of IgE (and, to a lesser extent, IgM) were elevated in the patients at diagnosis, they were subnormal on day 10 post-treatment and normal at the day-59 follow-up. Serum concentrations of IgG and IgA in the patients were always found to be similar to those in the controls. At diagnosis the serum concentrations of complements C3 and C4 were significantly elevated in the patients. C3 remained at the same high concentration during follow-up but the concentration of C4, like that of IgE, was found to be subnormal on day 10 and normal 7 weeks later. The level of parasitaemia (%) was only found to be significantly correlated with haemoglobin concentration. The observation of eosinopenia with elevated IgE and C4 could be a useful indicator of P. vivax malaria, and treatment response could be followed by serial monitoring of serum concentrations of IgE and C4", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Iloprost-induced inhibition of proliferation of coronary artery smooth muscle cells is abolished by homologous desensitization.In addition to inhibition of platelet function, prostacyclin and its stable analogues are reported to attenuate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. However, desensitization of prostacyclin responsiveness is a known phenomenon in platelets. In this study we investigated the time-dependent effects of the prostacyclin-mimetic iloprost and of PGE1, respectively, on PDGF-induced proliferation of cultured coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Proliferation, assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation was markedly inhibited by coincubation with iloprost (100 nM) and PGE1 (100 nM) for 4 h. In contrast, addition of iloprost (100 nM) for 24 h did not decrease smooth muscle cell proliferation, whereas inhibition by PGE1 or by forskolin was not diminished. These results suggest a homologous desensitization of anti-mitogenic effects of iloprost in coronary artery smooth muscle cells, probably at receptor-level", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Interpretation of postvagotomy endoscopic Congo red test results in relation to ulcer recurrence 5 to 12 years after operation.BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to estimate, after vagotomy, the location and extension of residual vagal innervation of the gastric corpus mucosa by using the endoscopic Congo red test (ECRT) and its relation to recurrent ulcer (RU), as well as the results of quantitative gastric acid tests: basal acid output (BAO), maximal acid output (MAO), and nocturnal acid output (NAO).METHODS: A total of 271 consecutive vagotomized duodenal ulcer (DU) patients were studied 5 to 12 years (mean 8 years) after the operation. In all cases gastroscopy and ECRT were performed simultaneously. ECRT was considered positive if a red to black-blue (pH <3.0) color change of the gastric corpus mucosa occurred within the first 3 minutes, and the cases were classified as having small extension (SE), ie, one or more areas with a diameter of 1 to 30 mm, or large extension (LE), ie, 20% or more of the gastric corpus showing residual vagal innervation. No red to black-blue changes (pH >3.0) were attributed to negative ECRT. BAO, MAO, and NAO were determined preoperatively and postoperatively in 108 cases out of 271 and correspond with ECRT results.RESULTS: Recurrent ulcer occurred in 18 out of 135 ECRT-positive and in 1 out of 136 ECRT-negative cases. RU occurred 5 times more frequently in LE than SE cases (P <0.05). The postoperative mean values of BAO, MAO, and NAO were significantly higher in ECRT-positive than in ECRT-negative cases (P <0.001), and higher in LE than in SE cases (P <0.01; for NAO, P >0.05).CONCLUSION: ECRT is a practical and reliable method in the evaluation of postvagotomy DU patients: Negative ECRT practically includes recurrent ulcer risk; positive ECRT of large extension is related to fivefold higher recurrent ulcer risk compared with ECRT of small extension; and ECRT reflects BAO, MAO, and NAO results and can be used instead of them as a less time-consuming procedure, which is more convenient for the patient", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Immunoprecipitation of melanogenic enzyme autoantigens with vitiligo sera: evidence for cross-reactive autoantibodies to tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2).In the present study we describe the detection of TRP-2 antibodies in vitiligo patients using in vitro 35S-labelled human TRP-2 in a radioimmunoassay. Of 53 vitiligo sera examined in the assay, three (5 9%) were found to be positive for TRP-2 antibodies. In contrast, 20 control sera, sera from 10 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and sera from 10 patients with Graves' disease were all negative. All three patients positive for TRP-2 antibodies (mean age 54 years, age range 50-63 years) had had vitiligo of the symmetrical type for more than 1 year and all of them also had an associated autoimmune disorder: Graves' disease in one and autoimmune hypothyroidism in two. In addition, antibodies to the melanogenic enzyme tyrosinase were present in their serum. To examine any immunological cross-reactivity between TRP-2 and tyrosinase, the three vitiligo sera positive for TRP-2 antibodies were preabsorbed with COS-7 cell extract containing either expressed TRP-2 or tyrosinase, and subsequently used in the radioimmunoassay. These absorption studies indicated that preincubation with both proteins inhibited the immunoreactivity of the positive sera in the immunoassay using in vitro translated 35S-TRP-2. This antibody cross-reactivity suggests the humoral response to the two melanogenic enzymes in these patients may not be entirely independent", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Evanescent wave long-period fiber bragg grating as an immobilized antibody biosensor.An immunosensor using a long-period grating (LPG) was used for sensitive detection of antibody-antigen reactions. Goat anti-human IgG (antibody) was immobilized on the surface of the LPG, and detection of specific antibody-antigen binding was investigated. This sensor operates using total internal reflection where an evanescent field interacts with bound antibody immobilized over the grating region. The reaction between antibody and antigen altered the LPG transmission spectrum and was monitored in real time as a change in refractive index, thereby eliminating the need for labeling antigen molecules. Human IgG binding was observed to be concentration dependent over a range of 2-100 microg mL-1, and equilibrium bound antigen levels could be attained in approximately 5 min using an initial rate determination. Binding specificity was confirmed using human interleukin-2 and bovine serum albumin as controls, and nonspecific adsorption of proteins did not significantly interfere with detection of binding. Antigen detection in a heterogeneous protein mixture and in crude cell lysate from Escherichia coli was also confirmed. Moreover, regeneration of the LPG surface via diethylamine treatment resulted in approximately 80% removal of bound antigen. Subsequently, fibers reexposed to antigen retained greater than 85% of the initial signal after five consecutive regeneration cycles", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "T cell receptor ligation triggers novel nonapoptotic cell death pathways that are Fas-independent or Fas-dependent.Short-term culture of activated T cells with IL-2 renders them highly susceptible to apoptotic death triggered by TCR cross-linking. Activation-induced apoptosis is contingent upon caspase activation and this is mediated primarily by Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) interactions that, in turn, are optimized by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-regulated signals. Although T cells from mice bearing mutations in Fas (lpr) or FasL (gld) are more resistant to activation-induced cell death (AICD) than normal T cells, a significant proportion of CD8(+) T cells and to a lesser extent CD4(+) T cells from mutant mice die after TCR religation. Little is known about this Fas-independent death process. In this study, we demonstrate that AICD in lpr and gld CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells occurs predominantly by a novel mechanism that is TNF-alpha-, caspase-, and p38 MAPK-independent and has morphologic features more consistent with oncosis/primary necrosis than apoptosis. A related Fas- and caspase-independent, nonapoptotic death process is revealed in wild-type (WT) CD8(+) T cell blasts following TCR ligation and treatment with caspase inhibitors, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, or neutralizing anti-FasL mAb. In parallel studies with WT CD4(+) T cells, two minor pathways leading to nonapoptotic, caspase-independent AICD were identified, one contingent upon Fas ligation and p38 MAPK activation and the other Fas- and p38 MAPK-independent. These data indicate that TCR ligation can activate nonapoptotic death programs in WT CD8(+) and CD8(+) T blasts that normally are masked by Fas-mediated caspase activation. Selective use of potentially proinflammatory oncotic death programs by activated lpr and gld T cells may be an etiologic factor in autosensitization", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "c-erbB-2 is not a major factor in the development of colorectal cancer.We have investigated c-erbB-2 protein expression in a large cohort of well-characterized colorectal tumours, and in a subset of lymph node metastases. We have also evaluated a Val(655)Ile single nucleotide polymorphism, which is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, in a subset of the colorectal cancer patients and in healthy control subjects. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that while 81.8% of tumours expressed c-erbB-2, in the majority of cases equivalent levels of c-erb-B2 were seen in adjacent normal mucosa. Colon tumours were significantly more likely to express c-erbB-2 than rectal tumours (P=0.015). Only 52.4% of the metastases displayed staining patterns concordant with their primary tumour, indicating that determination of c-erbB-2 protein in colorectal tumours cannot predict the status of lymph node metastases. PCR--RFLP analysis of the Val(655)Ile single nucleotide polymorphism demonstrated that allele frequencies were identical between colorectal cancer patients and a control group of Caucasian subjects (Ile=0.80 and Val=0.20 in each case), indicating that it is not related to the risk of developing colorectal cancer in this population. Furthermore, there was no relationship between c-erbB-2 protein expression and gene polymorphism (P=0.58). In terms of prognosis, no association was seen between either c-erbB-2 protein expression or the presence of the Val allele and patient survival (P>0.05 in each case), suggesting that c-erbB-2 is not a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Toxicity of aerosol propellants in the respiratory and circulatory systems. VI. Influence of cardiac and pulmonary vascular lesions in the rat.Three propellants were selected for investigation in rats because of their non-uniform effect in mice and monkeys. Trichlorofluoromethane (FC 11) provoked arrhythmia in all three animal species, dichlorodifluoromethane (FC 12) in monkeys and rats but not in mice, and difluoroethane (FC 152a) only in rats. In rats the alterations in heart rate and electrocardiographic pattern during inhalation of these propellants are largely brought about by release of catecholamines from the adrenal gland, because adrenalectomy or prior injection of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs decreased the incidence of cardiac effects. Rats that have pulmonary vascular thrombosis or cardiac necrosis become more sensitive to proarrhythmic activity of these propellants", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Photodegradation of nalidixic and tiaprofenic acids and nifedipine in aerobic conditions.Since nalidixic acid had been previously studied in acidic and basic media, nifedipine had been investigated in anaerobic conditions and under ultraviolet light and tiaprofenic acid had not been studied at all, their photodegradation was carried out in this laboratory under milder conditions, with methanol as the solvent and using visible light. The role of oxygen was demonstrated and the photoproducts were isolated and identified spectroscopically", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Role of LRRK2 in the regulation of dopamine receptor trafficking.Mutations in LRRK2 play a critical role in both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Up to date, the role of LRRK2 in PD onset and progression remains largely unknown. However, experimental evidence highlights a critical role of LRRK2 in the control of vesicle trafficking that in turn may regulate different aspects of neuronal physiology. We have analyzed the role of LRRK2 in regulating dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) and D2 (DRD2) trafficking. DRD1 and DRD2 are the most abundant dopamine receptors in the brain. They differ in structural, pharmacological and biochemical properties, as well as in localization and internalization mechanisms. Our results indicate that disease-associated mutant G2019S LRRK2 impairs DRD1 internalization, leading to an alteration in signal transduction. Moreover, the mutant forms of LRRK2 affect receptor turnover by decreasing the rate of DRD2 trafficking from the Golgi complex to the cell membrane. Collectively, our findings are consistent with the conclusion that LRRK2 influences the motility of neuronal vesicles and the neuronal receptor trafficking. These findings have important implications for the complex role that LRRK2 plays in neuronal physiology and the possible pathological mechanisms that may lead to neuronal death in PD", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Toxic effects of supplemental copper and roxarsone when fed alone or in combination to young pigs.Three experiments were conducted to investigate the roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) X copper (Cu) interaction in weanling pigs. Supplemental roxarsone at 400 mg/kg diet decreased rate and efficiency of weight gain and caused visible neurological signs of toxicosis. Copper addition (CuSO4 X 5H2O) at a level of 650 mg Cu/kg diet likewise decreased weight gain and feed efficiency, and it also increased hepatic Cu deposition. The combination of these growth-depressing dosages of roxarsone and Cu resulted in a far greater reduction in gain and efficiency of feed utilization than was the case when either compound was fed alone. A growth-promoting dosage of Cu (250 mg/kg) increased weight gain by 32% in one experiment but showed no efficacy in alleviating the growth-depression resulting from feeding 400 mg/kg roxarsone. A roxarsone dosage of 100 mg/kg increased gain and feed efficiency. Surprisingly, the decreased weight gain in pigs fed 650 mg/kg Cu was ameliorated by feeding 100 mg/kg roxarsone concomitantly. This level of roxarsone also reduced liver Cu concentration substantially. It thus appears that the nature of the roxarsone X Cu interaction is dependent on the dose of each compound administered. Moreover, low-dose roxarsone administration appears to ameliorate Cu toxicity, but low-dose Cu feeding does not show efficacy against roxarsone toxicity", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A comparison of two culturing methods for chronic wounds.Bacterial infection has always been a potential complication of any wound. Controversy exists regarding the significance of bacteria in chronic wounds. It is important to accurately diagnose wound infection by bacterial identification and quantification in order to prevent unnecessary and/or inappropriate treatments and to minimize patient complications. The primary function of culturing is to identify infection in a wound. The tissue culture is an accepted standard for measuring infection, although swab cultures are commonplace in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to test the differences in bacterial counts and identification in swab and tissue cultures taken from the same wound site of 10 chronic wounds. It was hypothesized that if swab and tissue cultures are equally effective in identifying and quantifying the organisms in a chronic wound, they are equally effective methods in determining infection in the chronic wound. The reliability, validity and limitations of the study are discussed, as well as the statistical analyses and results", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Analysis of immunocompetent cells in the middle ear mucosa.A quantitative analysis of immunocompetent cells in the middle ear mucosa of mice was carried out by an indirect immunostaining method using various monoclonal antibodies. Mice bred in germ-free, specific pathogen-free, and conventional conditions were used to examine nonimmunized middle ear mucosa. Middle ear mucosae of otitis media-induced mice were also examined. In normal middle ear mucosa, mast cells were substantial, followed by Mac-1-positive cells and lymphocytes. Even though IgA-, IgM-, and Lyt-1-positive cells were seen in the mucosa of conventional mice, IgM-positive cells were seen only in mucosae of specific pathogen-free and germ-free mice. In otitis media-induced mice by inoculation with nontypable Haemophilus influenzae or lipopolysaccharide, Mac-1-positive cells were dominant. Although the numbers of IgM- and Lyt-1-positive cells increased markedly, the numbers of other lymphocyte subsets did not increase until 14 days after inoculation. These findings suggest that the middle ear is immunologically a potential organ as long as it is not exposed to antigenic stimulation. It is considered to be an immunoreactive site only after it has been activated with pathogens", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Physical signs and lung function tests in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)].We examined 40 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) admitted to our institute between April and September 1985 for acute exacerbation, when they recovered from acute exacerbation and became cooperative to undergo lung function tests. Additionally, a follow up study was also done 4 years later, for assessing whether the physical signs were indicative of poor prognosis or not, correlated with survival rate, frequency of acute exacerbations and mechanical ventilation required and application of home oxygen therapy (HOT). Four physical signs, including increased activity of strap muscle, recession of supraclavicular fossae in inspiration, loss of pump-handle movement and loss of bucket-handle movement were associated with significantly low values in all lung function parameters tested but other signs were correlated with only in 2 or 3 parameters. The long-term prognosis was poor in the patients with more physical signs (abnormality score), namely the patients, who were on HOT because of development of chronic respiratory failure had significantly more frequent episodes of acute exacerbation and mechanical ventilation, had definitely higher scores than others who did not need HOT", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The mechanical effects of intervertebral disc lesions.OBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanical effect of individual concentric tears, radial tears and rim lesions of the intervertebral disc anulus.DESIGN: In vitro dynamic mechanical testing of sheep discs comparing the mechanical behaviour before and after lesion creation.BACKGROUND: Structural changes to the disc in the form of anular lesions are a feature of disc degeneration and degeneration has been related to changes in the mechanical function of the disc. However, the effect of individual lesions is unknown.METHODS: Fifteen ovine, lumbar disc body units were tested in flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. Concentric tears, radial tears and rim lesions were experimentally introduced and the motions repeated. The mechanical response after lesion creation was compared to the undamaged response.RESULTS: It was found that an anterior rim lesion reduced the peak resistive moment produced by the disc in extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. Concentric tears and radial tears did not affect the peak resistive moment, however, radial tears reduced the hysteresis of response in flexion/extension and lateral bending. The neutral zone was not affected by the presence of disc lesions.CONCLUSIONS: These results show that rim lesions reduce the disc's ability to resist motion. Radial tears change the hysteresis of response indicating an altered stress distribution in the disc.RELEVANCE: These changes may lead to overloading of the spinal ligaments, muscles and zygapophysial joints, possibly damaging these structures. This suggests a mechanism for a cycle of degeneration that is instigated by small changes in the mechanical integrity of the intervertebral disc", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Endocarditis associated with disseminated group B streptococcal infection.Endocarditis due to group B streptococci occurred in two men associated with meningitis in one and septic arthritis in the other. Therapy with penicillin failed in the first patient necessitating aortic valve replacement. Clindamycin therapy was not curative in the second and the patient responded to a four-week course of vancomycin therapy", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "SAH gene variants revisited in the European Project On Genes in Hypertension.OBJECTIVE: Previous studies found significant association of hypertension and hypertension-related phenotypes with genetic variation in SAH (Spontaneously hypertensive rat-clone A-Hypertension-associated). We sought independent confirmation of these findings in the European Project On Genes in Hypertension.METHODS AND RESULTS: We randomly recruited 2603 relatives from 560 families and 31 unrelated subjects from six European populations (mean age 38.8 +/- 15.7 years; 52.1% women). We measured systolic/diastolic blood pressure (mean, 122.4/76.6 mmHg), body mass index (24.9 kg/m2), triceps skinfold (1.7 cm), waist-to-hip ratio (0.83 units), serum total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (5.14 and 1.33 mmol/l), serum triglycerides (1.95 mmol/l) and blood glucose (4.90 mmol/l). We genotyped the G-1606A and -962del/ins polymorphisms. In all subjects, the allele frequencies were 11.8 and 29.5% for -1606A and -962del, respectively. Lewontin's D' was 0.97 (P < 0.0001). Haplotype frequencies were 58.8% for -1606G plus -962ins, 29.5% for -1606G plus -962del, and 11.7% for -1606A plus -962ins. Both before and after adjustment for covariates, none of the phenotype-genotype associations approached statistical significance. Our study had 80% power to detect on two-sided tests (P = 0.05), effect sizes of 1.8/1.3 mmHg for systolic/diastolic blood pressure, 0.52 kg/m2 for body mass index, 0.01 units for the waist-to-hip ratio, 0.96 mm for the triceps skinfold, 0.13 and 0.05 mmol/l for total and HDL cholesterol, 0.18 mmol/l for serum triglycerides, and 0.11 mmol/l for blood glucose. The family-based analyses did not reveal population stratification (P > or = 0.67).CONCLUSION: The evidence supporting an association of hypertension or hypertension-related phenotypes with the SAH gene remains equivocal in human studies", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Involvement of histamine receptors in SAPK/JNK phosphorylation.Histamine is a mediator of inflammation in allergic disease and asthma. Stress activated protein kinases/c-jun N-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) are involved in asthma. This study examined the role of histamine receptors on the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK in splenocytes. C57BL/6 mice splenocytes were treated with histamine (10\u207b\u2074 M to 10\u207b?? M), and its selective receptor agonists, phorbol 12 myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was used as a positive control, and phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK was determined. Histamine (10\u207b\u2074 M-10\u207b\u2078 M) inhibited phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. H1R agonist betahistine (10\u207b\u2075 M) decreased SAPK/JNK phosphorylation and H2R agonist amthamine (10\u207b\u2075 M) did not show any significant effect. However, H3R agonist methimepip (10\u207b\u2076 M) and H4R agonist 4-methyl histamine (10\u207b\u2076 M), increased SAPK/JNK phosphorylation. We used TNF\u00e1 knockout mice to determine if histamine regulated SAPK/JNK phosphorylation via TNF\u00e1. While the effects of histamine and H1 agonists were similar to that of wild type mice in inhibiting the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK, the effects of H3 and H4 agonists differed in TNF\u00e1 knockout mice splenocytes. Activation of H3 receptors decreased SAPK/JNK phosphorylation in TNF\u00e1 knockout mice, as opposed to an increase in wild type mice, whereas H4 agonist did not show any significant effect on the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. This data showed that histamine acting through H4 receptors caused the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK via TNF\u00e1. The role of H4 receptors in pro-inflammatory response is intriguing", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Liver metastasis models of colon cancer for evaluation of drug efficacy using NOD/Shi-scid IL2Rgammanull (NOG) mice.To examine the drug efficacy of a novel farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI), CH4512600, in vivo, we developed a reliable liver metastasis model of human colon cancer using NOD/Shi-scid IL2Rgamma(null) (NOG) mice. Eleven human colon cancer cell lines were examined for their ability to form diverse metastatic foci in the livers of NOG mice. When inoculated with 10(4) COLO320DM, HCT 116, HT-29, WiDr, LoVo and LS174T cells, liver metastasis was evident in 100% (6/6), 100% (6/6), 88.9% (8/9), 87.5% (7/8), 83.3% (5/6) and 50.0% (3/6) of the NOG mice, respectively. CaCo2, COLO201, LS123, SW48 and SW1417 showed no metastasis when seeded at 10(4) cells even in NOG mice. The mRNA expression levels and genetic mutations of N, H and K-RAS genes, which directly affect the levels of cellular RAS protein that would be molecular target for FTI, were also examined in these six metastatic human colon cancer cell lines for molecular biological and genotypic characteristics. Only three cell lines had a point mutation in the RAS oncogene. LS174T cell line had a point mutation of the K-RAS gene at codon 12 (gly12 --> asp; G12D), and HCT 116 and LoVo cell lines had a point mutation of the K-RAS gene at codon 13 (gly13 --> asp; G13D). Relative gene expression levels of N, H and K-RAS genes in the HCT 116 cell line were 2.6-5.0-fold lower than that of LS174T and LoVo cell lines. We selected HCT 116 cell line from our liver metastasis model for evaluation of FTI CH4512600 efficacy in vivo. Using the NOG mouse liver metastasis model, we demonstrated the effectiveness of FTI CH4512600 to suppress tumor growth in vivo and to prolong mouse survival significantly from 36.9+/-2.9 to 50.3+/-9.4 days", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Isoflurane alone versus small dose propofol with isoflurane for removal of laryngeal mask airway in children-a randomized controlled trial.OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety of laryngeal mask airway removal using two different deep anaesthesia techniques in paediatric patients.METHODS: The Randomized Control Trial was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from April 2012 to November 2013, and comprised patients aged 2-10 years scheduled for infraumbilical surgeries. Anaesthesia was induced with sevoflurane and later it was maintained by is oflurane, oxygen and nitrous oxide. The laryngeal mask airway was removed in the intervention group-I at 0.4 minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane with propofol 1mg/kg. In the control group-II, it was removed at 1.2 minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane alone. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis.RESULTS: Of the 50 patients, there were 25(50%) in each of the two groups. Overall, there were 46(92%) males and 4(8%) females. Incidence of airway obstruction and teeth clenching was significantly higher in group-II (p<0.05 each). Emergence duration was also significantly increased in group-II compared to group-I (p=0.001). The Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit stay timing was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.74).CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal mask airway removal under deep anaesthetic technique of low-dose propofol with isoflurane was found to be associated with minimal adverse airway events than isoflurane alone in paediatric patients", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Tags and bands of the female external genitalia in the newborn infant.A high incidence of hymenal tags (5.75%) and hymenal bands (2.7%) was found during the routine physical examination of 974 female infants within the first 24 hours of life. Hymenal tags usually disappear spontaneously as the estrogen effect diminishes. If they do not, biopsy should be considered. A simple test is proposed to demonstrate the superficial position of the hymenal band and its lack of connection with an internal structure", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Alveolar macrophages fat stain in early diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome.The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome (FES). The presence of fat droplets in alveolar macrophages was addressed in 13 trauma patients with bone fractures and 10 non-trauma patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The control group was composed of 5 anesthesized patients with ischemic heart disease, immediately prior to cardiac surgery. Two patients with suggestive clinical and laboratory signs of FES had 40% and 24% fat-containing alveolar cells, respectively. The trauma patients without signs of FES displayed a wide variation in the percentage of fat-containing macrophages (from 3% to 95%). Most of the patients with ARDS who were receiving lipid emulsion as part of their parenteral nutrition, had a high percentage (> 85%) of fat-containing macrophages. Patients with normal lungs had no fat-containing macrophages. Our findings suggest that BAL Oil Red O-positive macrophages are frequently observed in trauma patients irrespective of the presence of FES. Therefore, estimation of the percentage of fat-containing macrophages from BAL is an unreliable marker of FES", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Monokine mediated release of intracellular iron in tumor target cells in vitro.Activated macrophages cocultured with tumor cells mediate intracellular iron release in both lytically-sensitive and lytically-resistant targets. The early inhibition of aconitase and loss of intracellular iron in tumor targets upon coincubation with activated macrophages have been proposed to be causally linked. In this report we demonstrate that release of iron may be monokine mediated. The monokine is rapidly released from murine BCG-activated peritoneal macrophages after endotoxin triggering, reaching peak levels in the supernatant within 2-4 hr. The response of the target depends on both the dose of the monokine administered and the duration of its exposure. The monokine is heat-labile and is retained by ultrafiltration on a YM-10 membrane. Iron-release is not mediated by a cytolytic factor secreted by activated macrophages, nor by a factor which causes reversible lesions in the electron transport chain. The molecular weight of the iron-releasing monokine is approximately 50 kD as determined by HPLC gel filtration on Superose 12", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Spontaneous regression of two putative supratentorial haemangioblastomas in one patient.Supratentorial haemangioblastomas are exceedingly rare lesions. We report a patient with spontaneous regression of two suspected supratentorial haemangioblastomas after removal of one lesion. The patient was a 61-year-old man who had a generalised seizure. Investigation with MRI revealed three supratentorial lesions situated in the trigone, occipital and frontal locations. The lesion in the occipital area was surgically removed and the histopathology was consistent with a haemangioblastoma. MRI investigations performed 6 months and one year after the operation confirmed that the two remaining lesions had totally disappeared", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Diagnostic approach in mechanical jaundice, complicated by purulent cholangitis].Up-to-date high-informative non-invasive diagnostic methods were used in 54 patients with obstructive jaundice (OJ) complicated by purulent cholangitis (PC). Treatment-diagnostic algorithm can to improve results of diagnosis. This algorithm is the following: ultrasonic examination as a screening method; if a case of jaundice is unclear and obturation is prolonged magnetic-resonance tomography and magnetic-resonance cholangiopancreaticography are carried out; in block of a distal part of the common bile duct--spiral computed tomography with bolus amplification and duodenoscopy. Invasive diagnostic methods--endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTCG) are performed in buit indications in possibility to perform lithextraction and effective endoscopic decompression or in the tumor of Vater's papilla in case of low block. PTCG is used in high block and finished by percutaneous transhepatic bile outflow. General diagnostic efficacy of the complex in OJ was 97.8%. Diagnostic algorithm permitted us to make diagnosis and to start treatment in 85% during 1-2 days after hospitalization. Bile ducts decompression as a main stage of PC treatment was performed in the first 2 days after hospitalization. Diagnostic quest was performed at the same time with therapy after detoxication and correction of hemostasis disturbances", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Fasting Enhances the Contrast of Bone Metastatic Lesions in 1818F-fluciclovine (trans-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid) is an amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) tracer used for cancer staging (e.g., prostate and breast). Patients scheduled to undergo amino acid-PET are usually required to fast before PET tracer administration. However, there have been no reports addressing whether fasting improves fluciclovine-PET imaging. In this study, the authors investigated the influence of fasting on fluciclovine-PET using triple-tracer autoradiography with 14C-fluciclovine, [5,6-\u00b3H]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (\u00b3H-FDG), and 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP) in a rat breast cancer model of mixed osteolytic/osteoblastic bone metastases in which the animals fasted overnight. Lesion accumulation of each tracer was evaluated using the target-to-background (muscle) ratio. The mean ratios of 14C-fluciclovine in osteolytic lesions were 4.6 \u00b1 0.8 and 2.8 \u00b1 0.6, respectively, with and without fasting, while those for \u00b3H-FDG were 6.9 \u00b1 2.5 and 5.1 \u00b1 2.0, respectively. In the peri-tumor bone formation regions (osteoblastic), where 99mTc-HMDP accumulated, the ratios of 14C-fluciclovine were 4.3 \u00b1 1.4 and 2.4 \u00b1 0.7, respectively, and those of \u00b3H-FDG were 6.2 \u00b1 3.8 and 3.3 \u00b1 2.2, respectively, with and without fasting. These results suggest that fasting before 18F-fluciclovine-PET improves the contrast between osteolytic and osteoblastic bone metastatic lesions and background, as well as 18F-FDG-PET", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "What information should lead to a suspicion of catheter sepsis in HPN?BACKGROUND & AIMS: The diagnosis of catheter sepsis in patients on home parenteral nutrition can be difficult and patients often do not present with classical symptoms of pyrexia whilst feeding. This study reviews the clinical and diagnostic criteria needed to diagnose catheter sepsis.METHODS: A retrospective consecutive notes review of 2 years of patients presenting with catheter infections assessed symptoms, inflammatory markers and some liver function tests. The same data was also collected on those same patients who had successfully under gone line salvage. The two sets were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test and predictive calculations were carried out using receiver operated characteristic curves.RESULTS: Over the two year period there were 37 episodes of CRBSI in 31 patients recorded. Successful catheter salvage was achieved in 30 episodes (in 24 patients) which is an 81% salvage rate. The most significant abnormality seen was a raised C-reactive protein, but less than a third of patients had a raised white cell count. However, there were significant changes in the bilirubin (p=0.0007) and albumin (p=0.0013) in these patients. Almost a third of patients who feel unwell do not present with a raised temperature.CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of CRBSI remains difficult, but it should be suspected in patients with newly abnormal CRP, albumin or bilirubin and in the non-specifically unwell patient a clinician should not be misled by a normal white cell count and apyrexia", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Bone marrow stromal cells co-modified with BMP-2 and bFGF gene].AIM: To establish modified bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) which can express BMP-2 and bFGF stably.METHODS: BMP-2 and bFGF gene were amplified by RT-PCR, and then cloned into the expression vector pcDNA3.0. After being confirmed by DNA sequencing, pcDNA3.0-BMP-2 and pcDNA3.0-bFGF were co-transfected into rat BMSCs with Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The expression of BMP-2 and bFGF gene in rat BMSCs was detected by RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA.RESULTS: BMP-2 and bFGF gene were cloned, and their sequences were identical with those in GenBank. The expression plasmids, pcDNA3.0-BMP-2 and pcDNA3.0-bFGF, were constructed and co-transfected into rMSCs successfully. RT-PCR showed the mass transcription of BMP-2 and bFGF mRNA in transfected BMSCs. Western blot, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA confirmed the expression of BMP-2 and bFGF genes in transfected cells and in the supernatant.CONCLUSION: We have constructed the optimal rat BMSCs which can be used in bone tissue engineering", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Human T lymphocyte phenotypes after bone marrow transplantation. T cells expressing Ia-like antigen.Peripheral blood Ia-positive (Ia+) T cells were enumerated in 52 patients who had received allogeneic or syngeneic bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of acute leukemia or severe aplastic anemia. Twenty-two normal people showed 3 +/- 2% of peripheral blood T cells to be Ia+. During the first 130 days posttransplant, all patient groups showed a moderate elevation in the percentage (mean: 21-26%) of Ia+ T cells, regardless of the type of transplant performed, and regardless of the presence or absence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Although there was marked individual variation (range 5-76%), there was a trend towards a decrease in the percentage of Ia+ T cells with increasing time after transplantation. Long-term survivors still showed a small (range 3-20%, mean 10%) but significant elevation in the relative number of Ia+ T cells 1-3.4 years after transplantation, regardless of the presence or absence of chronic GVHD. It is not currently known why Ia+ T cells are found in these patients, but accelerated lymphopoiesis, subclinical infection, and excessive immune stimulation caused by microorganisms or other foreign antigens could be contributing factors", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The RhoA effector mDia is induced during T cell activation and regulates actin polymerization and cell migration in T lymphocytes.Regulation of actin polymerization is critical for many different functions of T lymphocytes, including cell migration. Here we show that the RhoA effector mDia is induced in vitro in activated PBL and is highly expressed in vivo in diseased tissue-infiltrating activated lymphocytes. mDia localizes at the leading edge of polarized T lymphoblasts in an area immediately posterior to the leading lamella, in which its effector protein profilin is also concentrated. Overexpression of an activated mutant of mDia results in an inhibition of both spontaneous and chemokine-directed T cell motility. mDia does not regulate the shape of the cell, which involves another RhoA effector, p160 Rho-coiled coil kinase, and is not involved in integrin-mediated cell adhesion. However, mDia activation blocked CD3- and PMA-mediated cell spreading. mDia activation increased polymerized actin levels, which resulted in the blockade of chemokine-induced actin polymerization by depletion of monomeric actin. Moreover, mDia was shown to regulate the function of the small GTPase Rac1 through the control of actin availability. Together, our data demonstrate that RhoA is involved in the control of the filamentous actin/monomeric actin balance through mDia, and that this balance is critical for T cell responses", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Delayed closure of open abdomen in septic patients treated with negative pressure wound therapy and dynamic fascial suture: the long-term follow-up study.INTRODUCTION: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is widely used in the treatment of open abdomen (OA). The use of dynamic fascial sutures (DFS) increases the rate of successful delayed closure by reducing fascial lateralization. We recently published a prospective controlled trial including 87 patients undergoing abdominal surgery for secondary peritonitis between 2007 and 2012. Patients were treated with NPWT and DFS for approximation of fascial edges. The present study represents a follow-up assessment of these patients 5-9\u00a0years after OA treatment with NPWT and DFS.METHODS: The 39 patients still alive were included in the recent study according to the protocol of our last study in 2013. All patients received a questionnaire regarding long-term complications after OA treatment between 2007 and 2012. Mean follow-up was 5-9\u00a0years. Analyzed parameters included pain, the presence of incisional hernia, and subsequent surgical interventions. Results were analyzed quantitatively.RESULTS: One patient had deceased since the last publication in 2013, and hence 38 patients were included in the current study. The median age was 60.9 (25.2-86.1) years, and 17 (44.7%) were females. Overall 56.3% of the original 87 patients had died during the long-term follow-up period. 21 patients (55.3%) answered the questionnaire. Six (28.6%) declared that they suffered from pain in the previous operating field, five (23.8%) at rest, and three (14.3%) during exercise. In five patients (23.8%), pain lasted for more than 3\u00a0months. One patient (4.8%) still requires analgesic treatment. Among the 21 patients, seven (33.3%) were found to have incisional hernias. Three hernias (42.9%) were treated by surgery.CONCLUSION: Incisional hernia rates after OA treatment remain high, but are accompanied by little pain. The ideal technique of fascial closure after NPWT should be investigated in further research", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Evolution of distinct EGF domains with specific functions.EGF domains are extracellular protein modules cross-linked by three intradomain disulfides. Past studies suggest the existence of two types of EGF domain with three-disulfides, human EGF-like (hEGF) domains and complement C1r-like (cEGF) domains, but to date no functional information has been related to the two different types, and they are not differentiated in sequence or structure databases. We have developed new sequence patterns based on the different C-termini to search specifically for the two types of EGF domains in sequence databases. The exhibited sensitivity and specificity of the new pattern-based method represents a significant advancement over the currently available sequence detection techniques. We re-annotated EGF sequences in the latest release of Swiss-Prot looking for functional relationships that might correlate with EGF type. We show that important post-translational modifications of three-disulfide EGFs, including unusual forms of glycosylation and post-translational proteolytic processing, are dependent on EGF subtype. For example, EGF domains that are shed from the cell surface and mediate intercellular signaling are all hEGFs, as are all human EGF receptor family ligands. Additional experimental data suggest that functional specialization has accompanied subtype divergence. Based on our structural analysis of EGF domains with three-disulfide bonds and comparison to laminin and integrin-like EGF domains with an additional inter-domain disulfide, we propose that these hEGF and cEGF domains may have arisen from a four-disulfide ancestor by selective loss of different cysteine residues", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Process control and design considerations for methanol-induced denitrification in a sequencing batch reactor.The primary goal of this research was to determine the effect of methanol-induced denitrification on volatile suspended solids production, settleability, and oxidation-reduction potential in a full-scale sequencing batch reactor. Batch tests were also conducted to determine the influence of mixing and acclimatization on the denitrification of wastewater with methanol. The observed sludge production in the full-scale sequencing batch reactor with methanol addition was 0.21 kg volatile suspended solids l(-1) methanol, versus the calculated stoichiometric sludge production of 0.17 kg volatile suspended solids l(-1) methanol. The settleability in the full-scale sequencing batch reactor, measured by the sludge volume index, increases linearly with increasing denitrification rate. The total change in the oxidation-reduction potential magnitude during a sequencing batch reactor cycle increased linearly with increasing denitrification rate. A minimum of 55% increase in the denitrification rate was observed in a batch reactor with methanol addition and a sludge acclimatized to methanol addition, compared to a batch reactor with methanol addition and a non-acclimatized sludge. The non-acclimatized batch reactor had a negligible denitrification rate without methanol addition. However, significant denitrification rates were observed in the acclimatized batch reactors without methanol addition, potentially caused by microbial storage or an increased population of denitrifiers that scavenge any available carbon. A completely mixed batch reactor, with sludge acclimatized to methanol addition during the anoxic cycle, had an increase in the denitrification rate ranging from 660%, without methanol addition, to 200%, with a methanol dosage of 12.7 mg l(-1), compared to the unmixed batch reactor with an acclimatized sludge. Therefore, mixing appears to be critical to the denitrification process, to realize the best kinetic performance", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Amniotic fluid testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone in the determination of fetal sex.To determine whether hormone analysis could be used for accurate determination of fetal sex, we measured testosterone (T) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in 130 amniotic fluid samples at midgestation. The mean unconjugated T in amniotic fluid of 73 patients carrying male fetuses was 202 pg. per milliliter (95 per cent confidence limits [CL]: 70 to 580) and all but three had levels higher than 90 pg. per milliliter. The mean amniotic fluid unconjugated T for 49 patients carrying female fetuses of 41 pg. per milliliter (95 per cent CL: 11 TO 125) was fivefold lower than that for the male fetuses and all but three patients carrying female fetuses had amniotic fluid T levels of 90 pg. per milliliter or lower. The mean amniotic fluid FSH of 0.7 ml. U. per milliliter (95 per cent CL: less than 0.5 to 3.4) for subjects with male fetuses was tenfold lower than that for patients with female fetuses. Amniotic fluid FSH levels less than 2.0 ml. U. per milliliter were found in 88 per cent of patients carrying male fetuses and in only one patient with a female fetus, and levels greater than 10 ml. U. per milliliter were found in those with female fetuses only. In eight patients (7 per cent of cases), neither amniotic fluid T nor FSH determinations were indicative of fetal sex. Measurement of unconjugated T and FSH in amniotic fluid may be an adjunct to other methods of determining fetal sex", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "An anatomical method for re-siting the umbilicus.The umbilicus is the only normal scar on the body and it is the most noticeable scar following abdominoplasty and TRAM or DIEP flap procedures. We describe a technique for resiting the umbilicus that attempts to recreate the anatomical structure by attaching the superficial fascia to the periumbilical skin to produce a fullness around the depression in which the umbilicus sits. This is aesthetically desirable and avoids the uncomfortable tethering of the umbilicus to the rectus sheath associated with other techniques", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "AMPK promotes survival of c-Myc-positive melanoma cells by suppressing oxidative stress.Although c-Myc is essential for melanocyte development, its role in cutaneous melanoma, the most aggressive skin cancer, is only partly understood. Here we used the NrasQ61KINK4a-/- mouse melanoma model to show that c-Myc is essential for tumor initiation, maintenance, and metastasis. c-Myc-expressing melanoma cells were preferentially found at metastatic sites, correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness and high tumor initiation potential. Abrogation of c-Myc caused apoptosis in primary murine and human melanoma cells. Mechanistically, c-Myc-positive melanoma cells activated and became dependent on the metabolic energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a metabolic checkpoint kinase that plays an important role in energy and redox homeostasis under stress conditions. AMPK pathway inhibition caused apoptosis of c-Myc-expressing melanoma cells, while AMPK activation protected against cell death of c-Myc-depleted melanoma cells through suppression of oxidative stress. Furthermore, TCGA database analysis of early-stage human melanoma samples revealed an inverse correlation between C-MYC and patient survival, suggesting that C-MYC expression levels could serve as a prognostic marker for early-stage disease", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Hyperlactacidemia during antiretroviral therapy: frequency and clinical-therapeutic correlations].While asymptomatic hyperlactacidemia is quite a frequent phenomenon among HIV-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), lactic acidosis is a rare, but potentially life-threatening occurrence. Epidemiology, clinical and laboratory presentation, evolution, and outcome of this phenomenon are currently under intensive investigation, and the most likely pathogenetic pathways seem to involve mitochondrial toxicity prompted by the administration of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Our case-control study on an extensive, single centre population treated for HIV infection provides novel insights on these emerging issues, reported and discussed on the basis of the most recently published findings", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Surgical treatment of lung cancer patients with brain metastases].The authors present an experience with diagnosing and treatment of 16 patients suffering from lung cancer with solitary metastasis into the brain. The examination performed has shown that in 7 out of 16 patients the surgical treatment was found to be not expedient. This solution was based on the detection of an extensive spread of lung cancer: multiple metastasis outside the thoracic cavity and the brain or inside the brain, and in one case--due to a considerable reduction of indices of the functional and reserve capacities of respiration and blood circulation. Single-step operations were carried out in 9 patients with lung cancer with a solitary metastasis into the brain (resection of the lung with an ablation of the brain metastasis). Out of the 9 patients operated on 6 patients survived for as long as 1.5 to 2 years, one patient lived longer than 4 years. Two other patients operated upon in June 2003 and March 2004 are still alive and feel much better. Satisfactory results of treatment of these patients show such methods to be expedient", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Identification of an encystation-specific transcription factor, Myb protein in Giardia lamblia.The life cycle of Giardia lamblia contains two differentiation processes, encystation and excystation. We performed an experiment to identify the genes induced during encystation using the differential display reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Three of twelve isolated cDNA clones that showed increased transcription during encystation were identified to be of the myb2, which encodes a well-known transcriptional factor involved in cellular development and differentiation. The amino acid sequences of the Myb2 protein deduced from the isolated gene revealed that this Myb2 has a DNA binding domain comprising two imperfect repeats at its carboxyl-terminus. The nuclear localization of Myb2 protein during encystation was observed in vivo by expressing a Myb2-GFP fusion protein. In a random site selection experiment, the oligonucleotides bound by rMyb2 contained a conserved sequence of GTTT(G/T)(G/T). Two promoters of the encystation-induced genes, myb2, and cwp1, were also found to bind to rMyb2, whereas gap1, one of the constitutive genes did not", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Thalamocortical Innervation Pattern in Mouse Auditory and Visual Cortex: Laminar and Cell-Type Specificity.Despite many previous studies, the functional innervation pattern of thalamic axons and their target specificity remains to be investigated thoroughly. Here, in primary auditory cortical slices, we examined thalamic innervation patterns for excitatory and different types of inhibitory neurons across laminae, by optogenetically stimulating axons from the medial geniculate body. We found that excitatory cells and parvalbumin (PV)-expressing inhibitory neurons across layer 2/3 (L2/3) to L6 are directly innervated by thalamic projections, with the strongest innervation occurring in L4. The innervation of PV neurons is stronger than that of excitatory neurons in the same layer, with a relatively constant ratio between their innervation strengths across layers. For somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibitory neurons, essentially only L4 neurons were innervated by thalamic axons and the innervation was much weaker compared with excitatory and PV cells. In addition, more than half of inhibitory neurons in L1 were innervated, relatively strongly, by thalamic axons. Similar innervation patterns were also observed in the primary visual cortex. Thus, thalamic information can be processed independently and differentially by different cortical layers, in addition to the generally thought hierarchical processing starting from L4. This parallel processing is likely shaped by feedforward inhibition from PV neurons in each individual lamina, and may extend the computation power of sensory cortices", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Fish sperm subpopulations: Changes after cryopreservation process and relationship with fertilization success in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum).Fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the native Brazilian fish with the highest agricultural production under intensive aquaculture in South America. However, the decrease in the genetic variability in fish farms has become necessary the improvement of cryopreservation process through new statistical studies of spermatozoa (like subpopulation studies). The evaluation of the kinetic data obtained with a computer-assisted sperm analysis system, applying a two-step cluster analysis, yielded in tambaqui three different subpopulations in fresh sperm: SP1, considered as a slow nonlinear subpopulation; SP2, considered as a fast nonlinear subpopulation, and finally; SP3, considered as a fast linear subpopulation. For cryopreserved sperm, the cluster analysis yielded only two sperm subpopulations: SP1', considered as a slow nonlinear subpopulation and SP2', which seemed to be an intermediate subpopulation (showing medium motility and velocity values) merged from SP2 and SP3 obtained from fresh sperm. Coefficients of correlation (r) and determination (r2) between the sperm subpopulations from fresh sperm and the fertilization rates were calculated, and SP2 and SP3 (the fast-spermatozoa subpopulations) showed a high-positive correlation with the fertilization rates (r\u00a0=\u00a00.93 and 0.79, respectively). In addition, the positive significant correlations found in curvilinear velocity (r\u00a0=\u00a00.78), straight line velocity (r\u00a0=\u00a00.57), and average velocity (r\u00a0=\u00a00.75) indicate that sperm kinetic features seem to be a key factor in the fertilization process in tambaqui, as occur in other fish species", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid influx is mediated by an active transport system in Chinese hamster ovary cells.The influx of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was studied. The cells mainly took up but did not metabolize the undissociated form of the herbicide. The uptake of 2,4-D was carried out against a concentration gradient and was inhibited by sodium azide and dinitrophenol. The results presented here show that the herbicide influx was an active, energy dependent process. (Na+ + K+)ATPase does not seem to be involved because ouabain, an inhibitor of the enzyme, did not affect the 2,4-D uptake", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "An optimal combination of MCCB and CANTAB to assess functional capacity in older individuals with schizophrenia.INTRODUCTION: Cognitive deficits predict functional capacity in patients with schizophrenia including in late life. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) are widely used to assess cognition in this population. The aim of this study was to determine a minimal set of subtests across the two batteries that would be strongly associated with functional capacity in older patients with schizophrenia.METHODS: Sixty participants age 50\u2009years or older with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 30 control participants were enrolled. Cognition was assessed using the MCCB and the CANTAB. Functional capacity was assessed using the USCD Performance-based Skills Assessment (UPSA). Stepwise linear regressions were performed to determine the best set of cognitive tests associated with functional capacity.RESULTS: UPSA total score was negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with education and the MCCB global score. Most of the MCCB domains and subtests, and several of the CANTAB subtests correlated with UPSA total score. In the regression model, MCCB global score accounted for 42.5% of UPSA variance. In contrast, a combination of only four subtests (processing speed and verbal learning from the MCCB, and affective information processing and working memory from the CANTAB) accounted for 60% of UPSA variance.CONCLUSIONS: Performance on MCCB and CANTAB is strongly associated with functional capacity in older patients with schizophrenia. A selective combination of MCCB and CANTAB subtests may be as effective in assessing functional capacity in late life schizophrenia. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Gene deletion explains both in vivo and in vitro generated chromosome 2 aberrations associated with murine myeloid leukemia.Ninety-five percent of radiation-induced murine myeloid leukemias contain chromosome 2 aberrations. A dominant molecular defect has not yet been identified: both deletions and breakpoint-specific events have been postulated. We have generated a model in which chromosome 2 lesions have been generated in vitro in a clonal tumor cell line. In this study cytogenetic and molecular comparisons are made between two of these in vitro generated lesions and eight derived in vivo: seven by the conventional radiation protocol, and one by infection with Moloney leukemia virus. All 10 lines consistently exhibited hemizygous loss of an 18 cM region between Hoxd-4 and II-1 alpha, with variable breakpoints at both ends. These results are consistent with deletion of a gene in common rather than breakpoint-specific events, for lesions resulting from all three protocols. This will allow a novel approach to the identification of a putative tumor suppressor gene, ie to describe the biological effect of the in vitro generated deletion, and to clone the gene by complementation. In preparation for this approach, we have further narrowed the region to approximately 6.5 cM by microsatellite mapping of 22 radiation-induced F1 tumors. In addition, we have eliminated the possibility that imprinting ablates expression from the remaining undeleted chromosome", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A Promising Antiprion Trimethoxychalcone Binds to the Globular Domain of the Cellular Prion Protein and Changes Its Cellular Location.The search for antiprion compounds has been encouraged by the fact that transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) share molecular mechanisms with more prevalent neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) conversion into protease-resistant forms (protease-resistant PrP [PrPRes] or the scrapie form of PrP [PrPSc]) is a critical step in the development of TSEs and is thus one of the main targets in the screening for antiprion compounds. In this work, three trimethoxychalcones (compounds J1, J8, and J20) and one oxadiazole (compound Y17), previously identified in vitro to be potential antiprion compounds, were evaluated through different approaches in order to gain inferences about their mechanisms of action. None of them changed PrPC mRNA levels in N2a cells, as shown by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR. Among them, J8 and Y17 were effective in real-time quaking-induced conversion reactions using rodent recombinant PrP (rPrP) from residues 23 to 231 (rPrP23-231) as the substrate and PrPSc seeds from hamster and human brain. However, when rPrP from residues 90 to 231 (rPrP90-231), which lacks the N-terminal domain, was used as the substrate, only J8 remained effective, indicating that this region is important for Y17 activity, while J8 seems to interact with the PrPC globular domain. J8 also reduced the fibrillation of mouse rPrP23-231 seeded with in vitro-produced fibrils. Furthermore, most of the compounds decreased the amount of PrPC on the N2a cell surface by trapping this protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. On the basis of these results, we hypothesize that J8, a nontoxic compound previously shown to be a promising antiprion agent, may act by different mechanisms, since its efficacy is attributable not only to PrP conversion inhibition but also to a reduction of the PrPC content on the cell surface", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Risk Assessment of Secondary Primary Malignancies in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Big-Data Intelligence Platform-Based Analysis of 6,377 Long-term Survivors from an Endemic Area Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy during 2003-2013.PURPOSE: The incidence, risk factors and survival impact of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) among survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy are poorly characterized.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Consecutive patients (n=6,377) from the big-data intelligence platform at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, China (in a high-incidence area) with newly diagnosed non-metastatic pathologically proven non-keratinizing undifferentiated NPC treated with IMRT\u00b1chemotherapy between January 2003 and June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Cumulative incidence of SPMs was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify potential risk factors for SPMs and assess whether SPMs affect overall survival.RESULTS: Of the 6,377 patients, 189 (3.0%) suffered SPMs (median follow-up, 62 months). One-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-cumulative risks of SPMs were 0.4%, 0.9%, 1.6%, 2.2%, and 2.6%, respectively. Latency from start of IMRT to SPMs diagnosis was 37 months (range, 6 to 102 months). In patients with SPMs, 14.3% suffered SPMs within 1 year post-IMRT: 1-3 years, 38.1%; 3-5 years, 33.9%; and >5 years, 13.7%. Lung cancer was the most common SPM (50/6,377, 0.78%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated sex (male, 64% increase), age (?50 years, 68% increase), and smoking history (41% increase) were significant risk factors for SPMs, and SPMs were associated with poorer overall survival.CONCLUSION: This large cohort study confirms SPMs a dreadful complication for long-term survivors of NPC treated with IMRT. SPMs negatively impact overall survival in NPC. Close follow-up is recommended for older male survivors with a smoking history", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Femoropopliteal and femorotibial arterial reconstructive surgery. Special reference to the autogenous venous bypass procedure using unreversed vein after eversion valvectomy.The outcome of 127 femoropopliteal and 23 femorotibial arterial reconstructions carried out between January 1960 and December 1972 has been reviewed. The operative method was autogenous saphenous vein bypass in 109 cases, 82 of which were performed using unreversed vein with eversion valvectomy. The indication for reconstruction was advanced ischemia in 39%. Two patients died primarily and 23 late deaths have occurred subsequently. 19 grafts or reconstructed segments became occluded primarily. Most of them were femorotibial reconstructions of Dacron bypass reconstructions. Most of the failures occurred within 1 year of surgery. Using eversion valvectomy technique, the 1- and 5-year patency rates were 57 and 50% respectively. In femorotibial reconstructions the 1-year patency rate was 36%. There was a distinct difference in patency between the cases with excellent of good outflow and those with fiar or poor outflow. The difference was less distinct between patients with claudication and those with advanced ischemia. Eight limbs needed major amputation", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor \u00eaB ligand antibody treatment increases osteoclastogenesis-promoting IL-8 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.The receptor activator of nuclear factor \u00eaB ligand (RANKL) is an important factor for osteoclastogenesis and contributes to the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); thus, the anti-RANKL antibody (Ab) has been expected to protect joint destruction in RA patients. IL-8 also has osteoclastogenic activity; however, the role of IL-8 in the bone pathology of RA as well as the relation between IL-8 and RANKL remain unclear. In the present study, clinical observation revealed serum IL-8 levels of 611 pg ml-1 in RA patients with anti-RANKL Ab and 266 pg ml-1 in the same patients without anti-RANKL Ab. In vitro assay showed that anti-RANKL Ab induced production of IL-8 from pre-osteoclast-like cells (OCLs), and IL-8 promoted the formation of OCLs from peripheral monocytes even without RANKL activity. We further showed that treatment with FK506 (tacrolimus) possibly inhibits the increase in IL-8 levels in RA patients with anti-RANKL Ab, and in vitro assay confirmed that FK506 suppressed IL-8 production in pre-OCLs. These results suggest that inhibition of RANKL induces the change in osteoclastogenesis-promoting factor from RANKL to IL-8, and FK506 may be a valuable combination drug to support the use of anti-RANKL Ab in treatment of RA", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Effects of methyl methanesulfonate on mouse sperm chromatin structure and testicular cell kinetics.Effects of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) on mouse testicular cell kinetics and sperm chromatin structure were determined flow cytometrically. Mice were exposed to a single ip injection of saline containing 0 or 150 mg/kg MMS. Relative ratios of 1N, 2N and 4N testicular cells were not affected until 22 days postexposure. Ratios of 1N cell types were altered from 13 to 22 days and were near normal by 25 days. This study revealed an MMS induced alteration of chromatin structure in testicular, elongated spermatids by the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), a flow cytometric measure of the susceptibility of acridine orange stained sperm DNA to denaturation in situ. The SCSA also detected alterations in cauda sperm chromatin structure at 3 days, which was 8 days prior to alterations in sperm head morphology, indicating the increased sensitivity of the SCSA. SCSA data were practically similar whether measuring either fresh or frozen/thawed sperm, or whether measured by two different types of flow cytometers: a) laser driven, orthogonal optical axis; or b) low cost mercury arc lamp system with epiillumination. The data support the model of Sega and Owens [Mutat Res 111:227-244:1983] that MMS alkylates cysteine-SH groups in sperm protamines, thereby destabilizing sperm chromatin structure and leading to broken chromosomes and mutations", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Electric shock-like sensations in 42 cancer patients: clinical characteristics and distinct etiologies.We retrospectively evaluated 42 consecutive cancer patients manifesting electric shock-like sensations. Fourty three percent presented with Lhermitte's sign (LS), 24% with the previously described outstretching ir. abduction maneuver (OAM) of the arms, and 33% had both phenomena. Twenty nine patients had underlying polyneuropathy related to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in 27 and to thiamine deficiency in 2. Thirtreen patients had myelopathy which was induced by radiotherapy in 11. Patients with polyneuropathy manifested both LS and OAM, while patients with myelopathy more often presented with LS. Neurologic signs suggestive of spinal cord involvement were present in 3 patients with polyneuropathy and in 7 of 11 irradiated patients. MRI disclosed cervical spinal cord swelling in 3 patients with LS. Prolonged cervical latencies on SSER were noted in 5 of 15 patients. All had LS and 3 also had OAM associated with abnormal latencies in the brachial plexi. We conclude that LS and OAM are positive sensory manifestations of increased mechanosensitivity of the damaged central or peripheral sensory axons in the cervico-brachial area. In cancer patients, these phenomena largely manifest treatment-induced myelopathy or polyneuropathy. Auxillary studies help to confirm diagnosis and to depict the uncommon but treatable causes", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Wilms' tumor in an adult with multiple osteoblastic metastases.A rare case of Wilms' tumor in an adult with initial symptoms of unilateral exophthalmos and multiple osteoblastic metastases is reported", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Named Groups", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Parental perspectives of diabetes management in Alabama public schools.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess parental perceptions of the current state of care for children with diabetes in the Alabama public school system, identify existing disparities, and determine what resources would most improve diabetes management in this setting. There is a significant need for such information because of the paucity of published data on the current state of diabetes care in Alabama public schools.METHODS: We based our survey on the American Diabetes Association guidelines and collected responses on the Internet via SurveyMonkey and by paper surveys. We distributed surveys to parents of children with diabetes through the Children's Hospital endocrinology clinic, a diabetes camp, and through the Alabama Association of School Nurses e-mail listserv.RESULTS: A majority of children had type 1 diabetes mellitus. Students who could conveniently check their blood glucose levels (BGLs) at school were significantly more likely to participate in all school activities and their parents were significantly more likely to be satisfied with their child's diabetes care at school. Compared with minority students (defined as all races other than white), white students were more likely to be able to conveniently check their BGLs at school.CONCLUSIONS: The accommodation and care for children with diabetes is highly variable within much of the Alabama public school system. The ability to conveniently check BGLs at school is key for participation in all school activities and for parental satisfaction with diabetes care at school. Institution of a uniform, statewide diabetes training protocol for school personnel could improve care and parental satisfaction", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Topical Antibiotic Use Coselects for the Carriage of Mobile Genetic Elements Conferring Resistance to Unrelated Antimicrobials in Staphylococcus aureus.Topical antibiotics, such as mupirocin and fusidic acid, are commonly used in the prevention and treatment of skin infections, particularly those caused by staphylococci. However, the widespread use of these agents is associated with increased resistance to these agents, potentially limiting their efficacy. Of particular concern is the observation that resistance to topical antibiotics is often associated with multidrug resistance, suggesting that topical antibiotics may play a role in the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. New Zealand (NZ) has some of the highest globally recorded rates of topical antibiotic usage and resistance. Using a combination of Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time (SMRT) whole-genome sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing, and Bayesian phylogenomic modeling on 118 new multilocus sequence type 1 (ST1) community Staphylococcus aureus isolates from New Zealand and 61 publically available international ST1 genome sequences, we demonstrate a strong correlation between the clinical introduction of topical antibiotics and the emergence of MDR ST1 S. aureus We also provide in vitro experimental evidence showing that exposure to topical antibiotics can lead to the rapid selection of MDR S. aureus isolates carrying plasmids that confer resistance to multiple unrelated antibiotics, from within a mixed population of competitor strains. These findings have important implications regarding the impact of the indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Gemmobacter intermedius sp. nov., isolated from a white stork (Ciconia ciconia).A cream-coloured, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod- to irregular shaped bacterium, strain 119/4(T), was isolated from a choana swab of a white stork nestling on sheep blood agar. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and subsequent comparisons showed that it was a member of the family Rhodobacteraceae, showing 94.9\u200a% similarity to the type strain of Gemmobacter tilapiae and 94.6\u200a% similarity to that of Gemmobacter nectariphilus, but also similarly low sequence similarity to the type strains of Rhodobacter viridis (94.8\u200a%), Rhodobacter veldkampii (94.6\u200a%) and Paenirhodobacter enshiensis (94.6\u200a%). Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees showed that strain 119/4(T) clustered close to species of the genus Gemmobacter. The quinone system contained high amounts of ubiquinone Q-10 with traces of Q-8, Q-9 and Q-11, and the fatty acid profile consisted mainly of C18\u200a:\u200a1\u00f97c, C16\u200a:\u200a1\u00f97c/iso-C15\u200a:\u200a0 2-OH and C10\u200a:\u200a0 3-OH. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phoshatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. Major polyamines were putrescine and spermidine. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain 119/4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Gemmobacter, for which the name Gemmobacter intermedius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 119/4(T) (\u200a=\u200aCIP 110795(T)\u200a=\u200aLMG 28215(T)\u200a=\u200aCCM 8510(T))", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Different binding capacities of influenza A and Sendai viruses to gangliosides from human granulocytes.The structures of gangliosides from human granulocytes were elucidated by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry as their partially methylated alditol acetates. In human granulocytes besides GM3 (II3Neu5Ac-LacCer), neolacto-series gangliosides (IV3Neu5Ac-nLcOse4Cer, IV6Neu5Ac-nLcOse4Cer and VI3Neu5Ac-nLcOse6Cer) containing C24:1, and to some extent C22:0; and C16:0 fatty acid in their respective ceramide portions, were identified as major components. In this study we demonstrate that gangliosides from human granulocytes, the second most abundant cells in peripheral blood, can serve as receptors for influenza viruses A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), A/X-31 (H3N2), and a parainfluenza virus Sendai virus (HNF1, Z-strain). Viruses were found to exhibit specific adhesion to terminal Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal and/or Neu5Ac alpha 2-6Gal sequences as well as depending on the chain length of ganglioside carbohydrate backbones from human granulocytes, these important effector cells which represent the first line of defence in immunologically mediated reactions", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A body-weight-based method to estimate inorganic arsenic body burden through tilapia consumption in Taiwan.In the present study, a stage-classified exposure model is developed to better characterize long-term arsenic (As) accumulation of both genders of children, adolescents, and adults through tilapia consumption in Taiwan. Ingestion rate as well as elimination rate of As are treated dynamically and are used to parameterize the stage-classified accumulation model. Model simulations are carried out to produce temporal changes of As body burden of the residents who consume tilapia from blackfoot disease (BFD)-endemic area in three major cities in Taiwan. The model presented here can be served as a strong framework for refining human health risk assessments through fish consumption", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Limb and gender differences in the development of coordination in early infancy.Young infants produce a variety of spontaneous arm and leg movements in the first few months of life. Coordination of leg joints has been extensively investigated, whereas arm joint coordination has mainly been investigated in the sitting position in the context of early reaching and grasping. The current study investigated arm and leg joint coordination of movements produced in the supine position in 10 fullterm infants aged 6, 12 and 18 weeks. Longitudinal comparisons within limbs (intralimb) as well as between limbs (interlimb, ipsilateral and contralateral) were made as well as an exploration of differences in the development for boys and girls. The relationship between the joint angles was examined by measuring pair-wise cross-correlation functions for the angular displacement curves of the leg (hip, knee and ankle) and arm (shoulder, elbow and wrist) joints of both the right and left side. Both the arms and legs were found to follow a similar pattern of intralimb coordination, although the leg joints were more tightly coupled than the arm joints, particularly the proximal with the middle joint. In support of earlier findings, differences in the development of the right and left side were identified. In addition, gender differences in joint coordination were found for both intralimb and interlimb coordination. This contrasts with the view that gender differences in motor development may be primarily a result of environmental influences", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Outcomes in stage I testicular seminoma: a population-based study of 9193 patients.BACKGROUND: Few studies have quantified temporal patterns of cause-specific mortality in contemporary cohorts of men with early-stage seminoma. Given that several management strategies can be applied in these patients, each resulting in excellent long-term survival, it is important to evaluate associated long-term sequelae. In particular, data describing long-term risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are conflicting.METHODS: We identified 9193 men diagnosed with stage I seminoma (ages 15-70 years) in the population-based SEER registries (1973-2001). We calculated survival estimates, standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), and adjusted hazard rates (AHRs).RESULTS: During 121,037 person-years of follow-up (median, 12.3 years), 915 deaths (SMR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.16-1.32) were reported, with significant excesses for suicide (n = 39; SMR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.06-1.98), infection (n = 58; SMR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.80-3.00), and second malignant neoplasms (SMNs; n = 291; SMR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.61-2.03), but not CVD (n = 201; SMR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80-1.05). After radiotherapy (78% patients), CVD deaths were not increased (n = 158; SMR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.04), in contrast to SMN deaths (n = 246; SMR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.67-2.14). SMN mortality was higher among patients administered radiotherapy than among those not given radiotherapy (AHR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.99-1.88; P = .059), with a cumulative 15-year risk of 2.64% (95% CI, 2.19-3.16). Suicide, although rare, accounted for 1 in 230 deaths.CONCLUSIONS: Modern radiotherapy as applied in this large population-based study is not associated with excess CVD mortality. Although increased all-cause mortality exists, cumulative SMN risk is considerably smaller than reported in historical series, but additional follow-up will be required to characterize long-term trends. The increased risk of suicide, previously unreported in men with stage I seminoma, requires confirmation", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Behavioral and endocrine consequences of simultaneous exposure to two different stressors in rats: interaction or independence?Although behavioral and endocrine consequences of acute exposure to stressors have been extensively studied, little is known about how simultaneous exposure to two different stressors interacts to induce short- and long-term effects. In the present experiment we studied this interaction in adult male rats exposed to cat fur odor (impregnated cloth) or immobilization on boards either separately or simultaneously. We reasoned that exposure to the odor of a potential predator while immobilized, may potentiate its negative consequences as compared to exposure to only one of the stressors. Exposure to cat odor elicited the expected reduction of activity and avoidance of the area where the impregnated cloth was located. The endocrine response (plasma levels of ACTH and corticosterone, as a measure of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, HPA) was markedly greater after immobilization than after cat fur odor and no additive effects were found by simultaneous exposure to both stressors. Cat odor, but not immobilization, increased anxiety-like behavior as evaluated in the elevated plus-maze 7 days after the stressors, with no evidence of enhanced HPA activation. In addition, cat odor exposure resulted in long-lasting (8 days later) fear conditioning to the box containing a clean cloth, which was reflected by hypoactivity, avoidance of the cloth area and enhanced HPA activation. All these effects were similarly observed in rats exposed simultaneously to cat odor and immobilization. In rats only exposed to immobilization, only some weak behavioral signs of fear conditioning were found, but HPA activation in response to the context paired to immobilization was enhanced to the same extent as in cat odor-exposed animals, supporting a certain degree of endocrine conditioning. The present results did not reveal important behavioral interactions between the two stressors when animals experienced both simultaneously, whereas some interactions were found regarding HPA activation. Theoretical implications are discussed", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The changing face of P300 BCIs: a comparison of stimulus changes in a P300 BCI involving faces, emotion, and movement.BACKGROUND: One of the most common types of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is called a P300 BCI, since it relies on the P300 and other event-related potentials (ERPs). In the canonical P300 BCI approach, items on a monitor flash briefly to elicit the necessary ERPs. Very recent work has shown that this approach may yield lower performance than alternate paradigms in which the items do not flash but instead change in other ways, such as moving, changing colour or changing to characters overlaid with faces.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The present study sought to extend this research direction by parametrically comparing different ways to change items in a P300 BCI. Healthy subjects used a P300 BCI across six different conditions. Three conditions were similar to our prior work, providing the first direct comparison of characters flashing, moving, and changing to faces. Three new conditions also explored facial motion and emotional expression. The six conditions were compared across objective measures such as classification accuracy and bit rate as well as subjective measures such as perceived difficulty. In line with recent studies, our results indicated that the character flash condition resulted in the lowest accuracy and bit rate. All four face conditions (mean accuracy >91%) yielded significantly better performance than the flash condition (mean accuracy\u200a=\u200a75%).CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Objective results reaffirmed that the face paradigm is superior to the canonical flash approach that has dominated P300 BCIs for over 20 years. The subjective reports indicated that the conditions that yielded better performance were not considered especially burdensome. Therefore, although further work is needed to identify which face paradigm is best, it is clear that the canonical flash approach should be replaced with a face paradigm when aiming at increasing bit rate. However, the face paradigm has to be further explored with practical applications particularly with locked-in patients", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Changes in FiO2 affect PaO2 with minor alterations in cerebral concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin during liquid ventilation in healthy piglets.OBJECTIVE: To measure the impact of changes in the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) on systemic and cerebral oxygen supply in gas and liquid ventilated healthy animals.DESIGN: Interventional prospective animal study.SETTING: University research laboratory.PARTICIPANTS: Ten healthy, new-born piglets.INTERVENTIONS: Variations in FiO2 during conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) followed by partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with two different filling volumes of PF 5080 (10 vs. 30 ml/kg).MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Arterial blood gases were obtained 15 min after changing FiO2 and concentrations of cerebral oxygenated and total hemoglobin were determined with near infrared spectroscopy. During CMV an increase in FiO2 1.0 was associated with a constant rise in PaO2 but only a small increase in the cerebral concentration of oxygenated Hb. Initiation of PLV (at FiO2 of 1.0) caused a rapid drop in PaO2 towards values that were similar to CMV at FiO2 of 0.5. At FiO2 of 0.5 a reduction in oxygenated Hb was found in the 30 ml/kg filling group. Complete filling of the lungs with PFC caused a significant drop in total cerebral Hb concentration. CONCLUSIONS. According to our data, PLV in healthy lungs should be performed with a FiO2 of 1.0 and a small filling volume to avoid deterioration in cerebral oxygen supply", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Surveys of hospital infection in the Birmingham region. I. Effect of age, sex, length of stay and antibiotic use on nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staphyloccus aureus and on post-operative wound infection.Cross-sectional surveys of infection in relation to ward structure and practice were made in 38 hospitals between 1967 and 1973, including repeat surveys in 12 hospitals. The survey team (a research nurse and a senior microbiologist or technician) visited one ward a day and entered data on patients, including appearance of wounds seen at change of dressings, on the structure of the ward, and on ward practices; bacteriological swabs were taken from noses of all patients and staff of wards visited and from infected or open wounds, also from some environmental sites. Effect of age, sex, length of hospital stay and antibiotic use on carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and on post-operative sepsis are considered here.Clinical infection (sepsis), further classified as ;severe', ;moderate' or ;mild' in accordance with a code of physical signs, including inflammation and suppuration, was found in 6.1% of clean undrained operation wounds. Drained wounds and those through hollow, heavily colonized viscera (;contaminated' wounds) had higher sepsis rates than undrained and ;clean' wounds; there was less sepsis with closed drainage and with small drains. Staph. aureus (24%) was the commonest single bacterial species, but gram-negative bacilli (50%) were found in a much larger proportion of septic wounds. The results showed that the infection rate was lowest among patients between 20 and 40 years old. Infection was significantly more common in male than in female patients.Nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant Staph. aureus, used as an index of hospital-acquired infection, was commonest in geriatric patients and least common in gynaecological patients. There was correlation between nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant staphylococci and age of the patient, length of hospital stay, sex, (male greater than female), operative treatment, and treatment with tetracycline, ampicillin and nitrofurantoin, but not with penicillin", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Tolerance to the reinforcing effects of cocaine in a progressive ratio paradigm.This experiment used rats to test whether a regimen of chronic cocaine would produce tolerance to cocaine i.v. self-administration under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. Under this PR schedule, an increasing number of responses was required to complete the ratio for each subsequent cocaine injection, and failure to complete the required ratio for the next injection within 1 h of the previous cocaine injection terminated the session. The number of injections taken in the session was termed the breaking point and used as the dependent variable. Rats were trained under this schedule until breaking point values were stable, after which cocaine dose-effect data were obtained: the breaking point increased as the dose of cocaine increased. Subsequently, rats were assigned to one of two groups for 7 days of chronic treatment: one group was infused with cocaine (18 mg/kg, given over 20 min once every 8 h) and the other group received 0.9% saline. Following termination of chronic treatment, cocaine dose-effect data were redetermined in both groups. Chronic cocaine treatment significantly decreased breaking point values across the entire dose-effect curve, although the effect was observed in only four of seven subjects. In contrast, chronic saline treatment produced no significant effect on the breaking point measures. Following a further 5 days of recovery from chronic treatment, cocaine dose-effect data were redetermined in both groups; these curves were essentially identical to those obtained before chronic treatments. These data support the hypothesis that tolerance occurs to the reinforcing effects of cocaine, as measured by a decrease in the breaking point, at least for a subset of animals", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Evaluation of susceptibility of HIV-1 CRF01_AE variants to neutralization by a panel of broadly neutralizing antibodies.Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are very promising agents for HIV-1 prophylaxis and AIDS treatment. However, the neutralization susceptibility of circulating recombinants such as CRF01_AE, which is becoming increasingly prevalent, has not been studied in detail until now. Here, we focused on CRF01_AE in China and aimed to find bNAbs that can be used for neutralization of CRF01_AE. Full-length env clones were obtained from the plasma samples of 22 HIV-1-infected individuals sampled in 2009 and 2015. An env-pseudovirus-based neutralization assay was conducted using five categories of bNAbs: VRC01, NIH45-46G54W, and 3BNC117 (targeting the CD4 binding site); PG9 and PG16 (targeting the V1V2 loop); 2G12 (glycan specific), PGT121 and 10-1074 (targeting the V3 glycan); 2F5, 4E10, and 10E8 (targeting the membrane-proximal external region (MPER)). The neutralizing efficiency was compared, and features of the escape pseudoviruses were analyzed. The CRF01_AE pseudoviruses exhibited different susceptibility to these bNAbs. Overall, 4E10, 10E8, and 3BNC117 neutralized all 22 env-pseudotyped viruses, followed by NIH45-46G54W and VRC01, which neutralized more than 90% of the viruses. 2F5, PG9, and PG16 showed only moderate breadth, while the other three bNAbs neutralized none of these pseudoviruses. Specifically, 10E8, NIH45-46G54Wand 3BNC117 showed the highest efficiency, combining neutralization potency and breadth. Mutations at position 160, 169, 171 were associated with resistance to PG9 and PG16, while loss of a potential glycan at position 332 conferred insensitivity to V3-glycan-targeting bNAbs. Our results may help for choosing bNAbs that can be used preferentially for prophylactic or therapeutic approaches in China", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The Early Postoperative Effects of Cochlear Implantation on Horizontal Semicircular Canal Function.OBJECTIVES: To use video head impulse testing to examine the effect of cochlear implantation (CI) on horizontal SCC vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain early after surgery, and to relate outcomes to subjective imbalance.STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center.PATIENTS: Thirty-seven (23F:14M) adult cochlear implant recipients (mean age, 55; age range, 20-80).INTERVENTION: Cochlear implantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The VOR of the horizontal semicircular canal of both the operated and non-operated ears was examined using video head impulse testing before surgery and at days 1, 7, and 28 following surgery. VOR gain, VOR gain asymmetry, and the change in VOR gain from preoperative baseline where the primary outcome measures. Subjective imbalance was assessed using a structured questionnaire.RESULTS: VOR gain value for the operated ear was 0.88\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.21. Mean VOR gain on day 1 postoperatively was 0.86\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.19; on day 7, 0.87\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.17, and on day 30, 0.91\u200a\u00b1\u200a0.21. Before surgery median asymmery was -5.50%, on day 1 it was -5.30%, at day 7, -6.44%, and at day 30 it was -2.61%. There was no significant difference between these measures for the cohort across the four time points. Thirteen of 37 (35%) of patients experienced imbalance in the follow-up period, but this was not correlated to changes in VOR gain.CONCLUSION: Horizontal semicircular canal function is preserved in the immediate and early postoperative period. This suggests that horizontal semicircular canal impairment is not likely to be responsible for postoperative imbalance", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Mapping of functional regions in the amino-terminal portion of the herpes simplex virus ICP27 regulatory protein: importance of the leucine-rich nuclear export signal and RGG Box RNA-binding domain.Infected-cell protein 27 (ICP27) is an essential herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) regulatory protein that activates a subset of viral delayed-early and late genes, at least in part through posttranscriptional mechanisms. Previous studies have shown that the amino (N)-terminal half of the protein contains important functional regions, including a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES). However, to date, the phenotype of an HSV-1 ICP27 NES mutant has not been reported. In this study, we engineered and characterized dLeu, an HSV-1 deletion mutant that specifically lacks ICP27's NES (amino acids 6 to 19). The phenotype of dLeu was analyzed alongside those of eight other ICP27 N-terminal deletion mutants. We found that in Vero cells, dLeu displays modest defects in viral gene expression and an approximately 100-fold reduction in the production of viral progeny. Unlike wild-type (WT) ICP27, which exhibits a cytoplasmic distribution in addition to its predominant nuclear localization, dLeu ICP27 is highly restricted to the cell nucleus. This strongly suggests that the N-terminal leucine-rich sequence functions as an NES during viral infection. Our analysis of dLeu and the other mutants has enabled us to genetically define the regions in the N-terminal 200 residues of ICP27 which are required for efficient viral growth in Vero cells. Only two regions appear to be important: (i) the leucine-rich NES and (ii) the RGG box RNA-binding domain, encoded by residues 139 to 153. A virus lacking the RGG box-encoding sequence, d4-5, has a phenotype similar to that of dLeu in that it displays modest defects in viral gene expression and grows poorly. Interestingly, deletion of both the NES and RGG box, as well as the sequences in between, is lethal. The resulting virus, d1-5, displays severe defects in viral gene expression and DNA synthesis and is unable to produce significant amounts of infectious progeny. Therefore, the N-terminal portion of ICP27 contains at least two functional domains which collectively are absolutely essential for viral infection", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Primary pulmonary spindle cell tumour (haemangiopericytoma) in a dog.Haemangiopericytoma is a soft tissue sarcoma believed to originate from pericytes. These tumours are commonly located on the skin and subcutaneous tissue of dogs and are most commonly found on the limbs. To the authors' knowledge, primary lung haemangiopericytomas have not been previously described in dogs. This case report describes the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a primary haemangiopericytoma of the lung in a 10-year-old male, neutered, Siberian husky dog. Staging of the tumour was performed using a computed tomography scan of the thorax and a computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion. Treatment was a right caudal lobectomy from a right lateral approach. No regional lymph node changes were noted on computed tomography or intraoperative assessments. Histopathology confirmed a spindle cell tumour that stained positive for vimentin and negative for desmin and S-100", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Norepinephrine transporter function and autonomic control of metabolism.Genetic variability, numerous medications, and some illicit drugs influence norepinephrine transporter (NET) function; however, the metabolic consequences of NET inhibition are poorly understood. We performed a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial in 15 healthy subjects who ingested 8 mg of the selective NET inhibitor reboxetine or placebo. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates were determined by indirect calorimetry before and during iv infusion of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 micro g isoproterenol/min. Adipose tissue metabolism was studied by microdialysis before and during local isoproterenol perfusion. At rest, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates did not differ between reboxetine and placebo treatment. At 1 micro g/min isoproterenol, energy expenditure was significantly increased in men (+15%) and women (+20%) with both reboxetine and placebo treatment. However, carbohydrate oxidation rate was significantly higher with reboxetine compared with placebo. Baseline and isoproterenol-stimulated adipose tissue blood flow was about 2-fold higher with reboxetine vs. placebo. Furthermore, glucose supply and metabolism was significantly increased and lipid mobilization much more stimulated in adipose tissue under reboxetine when compared with placebo at all isoproterenol concentrations used. We conclude that acute NET inhibition increases adipose tissue glucose uptake and metabolism. While lipid mobilization is increased, overall lipid oxidation is decreased during beta-adrenergic stimulation. This effect cannot be explained by increased systemic or adipose tissue norepinephrine concentrations. Instead, NET inhibition may sensitize adipose tissue to beta-adrenergic stimulation", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A method to create reference maps for evaluation of ultrasound images of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Ten formalin-fixed atherosclerotic carotid plaques removed by endarterectomy were molded into rectangular agar blocks containing fiducial markers on the top surface. Plaque and fiducial markers were imaged with 3-D multiangle ultrasound (US) spatial compounding as well as planar X ray. Subsequently, the blocks were decalcified, sliced, photographed and analyzed histologically. This gave a total of 123 slices. The plaque regions of the photographs were outlined and the outline adjusted to partly compensate for occasional displacement during slicing. Inside this outline, the material constitutions were found by incorporating the histologic information. From this set, slices with 1. too much tissue displacement due to cutting or 2. lack of identification of calcification as found by x ray, were removed. This resulted in 53 reference maps. The material types identified covered soft tissues, fibrous tissue, calcified tissue and unidentified tissues. The 53 reference maps can be used for direct automated quantitative comparison with US images", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Co-administration of aprotinin and epsilon-aminocaproic acid during cardiopulmonary bypass in a swine model.Despite the beneficial effects of pharmacological interventions to prevent bleeding and to reduce the need for autogeneic blood, there are concerns that these agents induce a prothrombotic state. The purpose of this study was to examine the coagulation phenomena influenced by the coadministration of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A swine model of CPB was utilized in this study. During 120 min of CPB, treatment animals (N = 5) received 6 x 10(6) Kiu of aprotinin and 30 grams of EACA; whereas, control animals (N = 3) received an equal volume of 0.9% saline. Indices of thrombogenicity included hematological variables, gross pathology, and circuit examination for the presence of thrombus. The application of both antifibrinolytics resulted in an increase use of heparin. Total heparin requirements were significantly different between treatment group (58,800 +/- 3493 iu) versus control group (51,000 +/- 3464 iu). D-dimer concentration was also significantly higher in the control group (500-1000 ng mL-1) than in the treatment group (250-500 ng mL-1) at 5 and 30 min postprotamine. Other coagulation markers tested were not observed to be statistically significant between groups. Thromboelastographic (TEG) index decreased in the treatment group during the surgical procedure and bypass from 2.74 +/- 2.9 to -1.36 +/- 4.1 as compared to an increase from 2.62 +/- 2.9 to 4.05 +/- 0.4 in the control group. Pathologic analysis revealed occurrences of thrombus formation in small vessels in the lung and kidney glomeruli of treatment animals. The concurrent use of both aprotinin and EACA may induce a prothrombotic or coagulant state as determined by histological assessment", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Prevalence and time trend analysis of antimicrobial resistance in respiratory bacterial pathogens collected from diseased pigs in USA between 2006-2016.Swine respiratory disease complex (SRDC) causes massive economic losses to the swine industry and is a major animal welfare concern. Antimicrobials are mainstay in treatment and control of SRDC. However, there is a lack of data on the prevalence and trends in resistance to antimicrobials in bacterial pathogens associated with SRDC. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and changes in resistance to 13 antimicrobials in swine bacterial pathogens (Streptococcus suis, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus suis and Haemophilus parasuis) in the U.S.A using data collected at University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between 2006 and 2016. For antimicrobials for which breakpoints were available, prevalence of resistance remained below 10% except for tetracycline in S. suis and P. multocida isolates, and these prevalence estimates remained consistently low over the years despite statistical significance (p\u00a0<\u00a0.05) in trend analysis. For antimicrobial-bacterial combinations without available breakpoints, the odds of isolates being resistant increased by >10% annually for 7 and 1 antimicrobials in H. parasuis and S. suis isolates respectively, and decreased >10% annually for 4 and 1 antimicrobials in A. suis and H. parasuis isolates, respectively, according to the ordinal regression models. Clinical implications of changes in AMR for A. suis and H. parasuis should be interpreted cautiously due to the lack of interpretive criteria and challenges in antimicrobial susceptibility tests in the case of H. parasuis. Future studies should focus on surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and establishment of standardized susceptibility testing methodologies and interpretive criteria for these animal pathogens of critical importance", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Phase Difference-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging (PADRE) Technique for the Detection of Age-Related Microstructural Changes in Optic Radiation: Comparison with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI).BACKGROUND The optic radiation (OR) is a white-matter bundle connecting the lateral geniculate body and the visual cortex. Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) is a new MRI technique that is able to achieve precise delineation of the OR. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the volume and signal intensity of the OR using PADRE, and to establish a volumetric reference of the OR from a healthy population, compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine healthy volunteers underwent MR imaging with PADRE and DTI sequences on a 3.0-T scanner. For the volumetric analysis with PADRE, the OR corresponding to the external sagittal stratum was manually traced, while an automated thresholding method was used for the DTI-based volumetric analysis of the OR. RESULTS The mean right and left OR volumes measured from the PADRE images were 1469.0\u00b1242.4 mm\u00b3 and 1372.6\u00b1310.2 mm\u00b3, respectively. Although OR volume showed no significant correlation with age, the normalized OR signal intensity showed a linear correlation with increasing age (r\u00b2=0.50-0.53; P<0.01). The OR signal intensity on PADRE and DTI-related quantitative parameters for the OR showed significant correlations (r\u00b2=0.46-0.49; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The PADRE technique revealed exceptional preservation of OR volume, even in later life. Moreover, PADRE was able to detect age-related changes in signal intensity of the OR and may contribute to future analyses of pathological neurodegeneration in patients with glaucoma and multiple sclerosis", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Microbial coexistence through chemical-mediated interactions.Many microbial functions happen within communities of interacting species. Explaining how species with disparate growth rates can coexist is important for applications such as manipulating host-associated microbiota or engineering industrial communities. Here, we ask how microbes interacting through their chemical environment can achieve coexistence in a continuous growth setup (similar to an industrial bioreactor or gut microbiota) where external resources are being supplied. We formulate and experimentally constrain a model in which mediators of interactions (e.g. metabolites or waste-products) are explicitly incorporated. Our model highlights facilitation and self-restraint as interactions that contribute to coexistence, consistent with our intuition. When interactions are strong, we observe that coexistence is determined primarily by the topology of facilitation and inhibition influences not their strengths. Importantly, we show that consumption or degradation of chemical mediators moderates interaction strengths and promotes coexistence. Our results offer insights into how to build or restructure microbial communities of interest", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Air pollution and daily clinic visits for migraine in a subtropical city: Taipei, Taiwan.This study was undertaken to determine whether there was an association between air pollutant levels and daily clinic visits for migraine in Taipei, Taiwan. Daily clinic visits for migraine and ambient air pollution data for Taipei were obtained for the period 2006-2011. The relative risk of clinic visits for migraine was estimated using a case-crossover approach, controlling for weather variables, day of the week, seasonality, and long-term time trends. In the single-pollutant models, on warm days (>23\u00b0C) statistically significant positive associations were found for increased rate of migraine occurrence and levels of particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3). On cool days (<23\u00b0C), all pollutants were significantly associated with increased migraine visits except CO and SO2. For the two-pollutant models, O3 and NO2 were significant for higher rate of migraine visits in combination with each of the other four pollutants on cool days. On warm days, CO remained statistically significant in all two-pollutant models. This study provides evidence that higher levels of ambient air pollutants enhance the risk of clinic visits for migraine", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Factors affecting C3 in intestinal schistosomiasis.Complement component C3 was investigated in sera of a group of schistosomal patients free from obvious nephritis. C3 was studied in relation to S. mansoni egg count, presence of HBsAg, and liver functions. C3 level was low in schistosomal patients than normal individuals. Levels were low in both HBsAg --ve and HBsAG +ve schistosomal patients. No significant difference was found between HBsAg --ve and HBsAg +ve in one hand, and between patients with egg counts more than 400 and those with egg counts less than 400 eggs/1 gr as regards level of C3 on the other hand. Presence of ascites did not affect C3 concentration. Positive correlation was found with Serum albumin, but not with prothrombin concentration serum alkaline phosphatase or serum transaminases", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Cognitive and serotonergic vulnerability to depression: convergent findings.Cognitive reactivity (CR) is a psychological vulnerability marker of depression, whereas response to acute tryptophan depletion (ATD; a serotonergic challenge procedure) is a biological vulnerability marker. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these markers. Thirty-nine remitted depressed patients participated in 2 ATD sessions in a double-blind crossover design. CR, assessed prior to the ATD sessions, predicted depressive response to high-dose ATD. CR also diminished the effects of 2 known predictors of ATD response: gender and residual symptoms. Neuroticism and behavioral inhibition were unrelated to ATD response. CR is associated with an increased sensitivity to reductions of serotonin concentrations. These findings present a small step toward unifying cognitive and neurobiological theories of depression", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A study of the effects of internal organ motion on dose escalation in conformal prostate treatments.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To assess the effect of internal organ motion on the dose distributions and biological indices for the target and non-target organs for three different conformal prostate treatment techniques.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined three types of treatment plans in 20 patients: (1) a six field plan, with a prescribed dose of 75.6 Gy; (2) the same six field plan to 72 Gy followed by a boost to 81 Gy; and (3) a five field plan with intensity modulated beams delivering 81 Gy. Treatment plans were designed using an initial CT data set (planning) and applied to three subsequent CT scans (treatment). The treatment CT contours were used to represent patient specific organ displacement; in addition, the dose distribution was convolved with a Gaussian distribution to model random setup error. Dose-volume histograms were calculated using an organ deformation model in which the movement between scans of individual points interior to the organs was tracked and the dose accumulated. The tumor control probability (TCP) for the prostate and proximal half of seminal vesicles (clinical target volume, CTV), normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for the rectum and the percent volume of bladder wall receiving at least 75 Gy were calculated.RESULTS: The patient averaged increase in the planned TCP between plan types 2 and 1 and types 3 and 1 was 9.8% (range 4.9-12.5%) for both, whereas the corresponding increases in treatment TCP were 9.0% (1.3-16%) and 8.1% (-1.3-13.8%). In all patients, plans 2 and 3 (81 Gy) exhibited equal or higher treatment TCP than plan 1 (75.6 Gy). The maximum treatment NTCP for rectum never exceeded the planning constraint and percent volume of bladder wall receiving at least 75 Gy was similar in the planning and treatment scans for all three plans.CONCLUSION: For plans that deliver a uniform prescribed dose to the planning target volume (PTV) (plan 1), current margins are adequate. In plans that further escalate the dose to part of the PTV (plans 2 and 3), in a fraction of the cases the CTV dose increase is less than planned, yet in all cases the TCP values are higher relative to the uniform dose PTV (plan 1). Doses to critical organs remain within the planning criteria", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Evaluation of candidemia in epidemiology and risk factors among cancer patients in a cancer center of China: an 8-year case-control study.BACKGROUND: Candidemia is the worldwide life-threaten disease, especially in cancer patients. This study was aimed to identify and evaluate the risk factors of candidemia in cancer patients, which will prompt the improvement on current therapeutic strategies and prognosis.METHODS: A retrospective, case-control study was conducted from inpatients of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, during 2006 to 2013. Analyses were performed between cancer patients with candidemia as study case, and patients with bacterial bloodstream infections as control. Each case was matched up with two controls, for gender and inpatient duration. Candida species, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes were reviewed in details.RESULTS: Total number of 80 cases and 160 controls were enrolled and analyzed in this study. Candida albicans was identified as the most prevalent species and account for 55.0% candidemia, followed by Candida parapsilosis complex (21.3%), Candida tropicalis (8.8%), Candida glabrata complex (7.5%), Candida lusitaniae (3.8%), and Candida famata (3.8%). The crude mortality at 30-days of candidemia was up to 30.0%, which is significantly higher than bacterial bloodstream infections (p\u00a0=\u00a00.006). Logistical analysis demonstrated that total parenteral nutrition >5\u00a0days (p\u00a0=\u00a00.036), urinary catheter >2\u00a0days (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), distant organ metastasis of cancer (p\u00a0=\u00a00.002) and gastrointestinal cancer (p\u00a0=\u00a00.042) were the independent risk factors for candidemia.CONCLUSIONS: Candidemia showed significant higher mortality than bacterial bloodstream infections, C. albicans was cited as the primary pathogen. Total parenteral nutrition, urinary catheter, distant organ metastasis of cancer and gastrointestinal cancer are independent predictors for candidemia, this findings provides potential therapeutic targets for improving the outcome", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "High signal intensity on T2-weighted MR imaging at term-equivalent age in preterm infants does not predict 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DEHSI on T2-weighted MR imaging in preterm infants at term-equivalent age has been regarded as an unfavorable marker for neurodevelopmental outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the presence and extent of DEHSI and neurodevelopmental outcomes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the MR images of 160 preterm infants at term-equivalent age. The presence of DEHSI was evaluated in separate regions and classified into 5 grades based on the extent of DEHSI. We also examined within those infants with DEHSI, whether typical signal-intensity characteristics of the posterior periventricular crossroads region were visible. Finally, ADC and FA values within the white matter were analyzed. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at 2-year corrected age with a standardized neurologic examination and the BSID-II.RESULTS: The grade of DEHSI had significant linear trends with increasing ADC and a trend toward lower FA values. However, there was no relationship between the degree of DEHSI and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcomes. In contrast, 13 infants with DEHSI who did not have visible posterior crossroads had poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes compared with infants with visible posterior crossroads.CONCLUSIONS: Although DEHSI may represent disturbances in white matter structure, as illustrated by its relationship to altered ADC and FA values, there is no relationship to short-term neurodevelopment outcome unless there are invisible posterior crossroads, representing a severe form of global high T2 signal intensity", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Synchronization dynamics of two coupled neural oscillators receiving shared and unshared noisy stimuli.The response of neurons to external stimuli greatly depends on the intrinsic dynamics of the network. Here, the intrinsic dynamics are modeled as coupling and the external input is modeled as shared and unshared noise. We assume the neurons are repetitively firing action potentials (i.e., neural oscillators), are weakly and identically coupled, and the external noise is weak. Shared noise can induce bistability between the synchronous and anti-phase states even though the anti-phase state is the only stable state in the absence of noise. We study the Fokker-Planck equation of the system and perform an asymptotic reduction rho(0). The rho(0) solution is more computationally efficient than both the Monte Carlo simulations and the 2D Fokker-Planck solver, and agrees remarkably well with the full system with weak noise and weak coupling. With moderate noise and coupling, rho(0) is still qualitatively correct despite the small noise and coupling assumption in the asymptotic reduction. Our phase model accurately predicts the behavior of a realistic synaptically coupled Morris-Lecar system", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Mathematical modeling of ultradeep sequencing data reveals that acute CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses exert strong selective pressure in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques but still fail to clear founder epitope sequences.The prominent role of antiviral cytotoxic CD8(+) T-lymphocytes (CD8-TL) in containing the acute viremia of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and SIV) has rationalized the development of T-cell-based vaccines. However, the presence of escape mutations in the acute stage of infection has raised a concern that accelerated escape from vaccine-induced CD8-TL responses might undermine vaccine efficacy. We reanalyzed previously published data of 101,822 viral genomes of three CD8-TL epitopes, Nef(103-111)RM9 (RM9), Tat(28-35)SL8 (SL8), and Gag(181-189)CM9 (CM9), sampled by ultradeep pyrosequencing from eight macaques. Multiple epitope variants appeared during the resolution of acute viremia, followed by the predominance of a single mutant epitope. By fitting a mathematical model, we estimated the first acute escape rate as 0.36 day(-1) within escape-prone epitopes, RM9 and SL8, and the chronic escape rate as 0.014 day(-1) within the CM9 epitope. Our estimate of SIV acute escape rates was found to be comparable to very early HIV-1 escape rates. The timing of the first escape was more highly correlated with the timing of the peak CD8-TL response than with the magnitude of the CD8-TL response. The transmitted epitope decayed more than 400 times faster during the acute viral decline stage than predicted by a neutral evolution model. However, the founder epitope persisted as a minor population even at the viral set point; in contrast, the majority of acute escape epitopes were completely cleared. Our results suggest that a reservoir of SIV infection is preferentially formed by virus with the transmitted epitope", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "o-Diphenol oxidase activity of molluscan hemocyanins.Diphenoloxidase activities of two molluscan hemocyanins, isolated from the marine snails Rapana venosa and garden snails Helix vulgaris were studied using o-diphenol and L-Dopa as substrates. The dimers of H. vulgaris Hc show both, diphenol (K(m)=2.86 mM and K(cat)=4.48) and L-Dopa activity due to a more open active sites of the enzyme and better access of the substrates. The K(m) value of molluscan H. vulgaris Hc is very close to those of Helix pomatia and Sepia officinalis Hcs, but several times higher compared to those of Rapana and Octopus Hcs. Also HvH has a very high enzyme activity compared with other molluscan Hcs. Kinetic measurements with native RvH and both structural subunits, RvH1 and RvH2, show that RvH and only one structural subunit, RvH2, exhibited only o-diphenol activity, but no L-Dopa oxidizing activity", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Physical and Physiological Factors Influence Behavioral Responses of Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to Synthetic Attractants.Volatile chemicals from waste artificial larval media as well as from bovine blood inoculated with bacteria isolated from screwworm-infested wounds attract gravid females of Cochliomyia hominivorax Coquerel and Cochliomyia macellaria (F.). Chemicals identified from volatiles are dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, phenol, p-cresol, and indole; a blend of these attracted females to oviposit. Present studies investigated the effectiveness of these compounds, either in a blend or individually as potential oviposition attractants. Tests were conducted to determine the effects of gender, ovarian age, and the color and type of substrates on attraction response and oviposition of C. macellaria adults. Results showed that substrates treated with dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) alone or the five-compound blend alone attracted significantly more gravid females than other chemicals. Black substrates treated with DMTS attracted more gravid flies than did the yellow substrates. Yellow substrates treated with indole attracted more males and nongravid females. In oviposition tests, females deposited significantly more eggs on meat-based substrates than those without meat. These findings suggest that several factors have to be considered for developing an effective oviposition attractant that should include effectiveness of individual chemicals used, the ratio of the chemicals in a blend, and their concentrations. Also, an effective trap design will need to consider using suitable color which will selectively attract gravid females", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The exon-junction complex proteins, Y14 and MAGOH regulate STAT3 activation.Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is activated by cytokines and growth factors, mediates biological actions in many physiological processes. In a previous study, we found that Y14, a core component of the exon-junction complex (EJC) bound to STAT3 and upregulated the transcriptional activity of STAT3 by influencing its DNA-binding activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that STAT3 endogenously interacts with Y14. In addition, we found that MAGOH, a Y14 partner in the EJC, inhibits the STAT3-Y14 complex formation. Furthermore, small-interfering RNA-mediated reduction of MAGOH expression enhanced interleukin-6-induced gene expression. These results indicate that MAGOH regulates the transcriptional activation of STAT3 by interfering complex formation between STAT3 and Y14", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Caspase inhibition impaired the neural stem/progenitor cell response after cortical ischemia in mice.Cortical ischemia induces proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and provokes migration of these cells toward the injured area. Despite sustained migration of NSPCs for an extended period of time after injury, they do not appear to survive. Here, we hypothesized that the anti-apoptotic broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh would increase NSPC survival in the injured cortex. However, contrary to our expectations, caspase inhibition did not promote NSPC survival and cortical neurogenesis. On the contrary, it abolished ischemia-induced proliferation and decreased the number of migrating neuroblasts in the injured cortex. Moreover, caspase inhibition decreased the levels of the chemoattractant chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1\u00e2. We hence for the first time show that caspase inhibition abrogates the response of NSPCs to an ischemic injury, presumably by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors. Thus, caution is warranted if anti-apoptotic strategies are applied for neuroprotection", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Modulation of the effects of osteoprotegerin (OPG) ligand in a human leukemic cell line by OPG and calcitonin.The discovery of osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and RANK has elucidated the mechanism by which osteoblasts and stromal cells regulate osteoclastic differentiation and function and mediate the effects exerted by other hormones and cytokines. We have investigated the effects of these novel cytokines on the preosteoclastic cell line FLG 29.1. We show that OPGL alone and in combination with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) dramatically reduced replication and increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. However, although FLG29.1 cells appear to adhere to the bone surface, they are not able to form resorption lacunae. OPG and calcitonin completely abolished the differentiation induced by OPGL. RANK was detectable in FLG 29.1 and the number of positive cells was increased by OPGL/CSF-1 treatment while reduced by calcitonin. We propose that calcitonin could interact with the OPG/OPGL, and its effects on RANK may explain in part the action of this hormone in suppressing bone resorption", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Emotional and cardiovascular sensitization to daily stress following childhood parental loss.Adverse childhood events can influence the development of emotional and physiological self-regulatory abilities, with significant consequences for vulnerability to psychological and physical illness. This study evaluated stress sensitization and inoculation models of the impact of early parental death on stress exposure and reactivity in late adolescence/young adulthood. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and diary reports of minor stress were collected every 30 min during waking hours over a 24-hr period from 91 late adolescents/young adults (43 early bereaved, 48 nonbereaved). Across the sample, minor stressors were associated with elevated BP and negative affect. The bereaved group had lower BP than did the nonbereaved group. Within the bereaved group, higher perceived caring from the surviving parent was associated with fewer reports of minor stress and lower stress-related negative affect. Higher perceived parental caring during childhood was associated with lower BP across the sample and more frequent hassles in the nonbereaved group. Findings support both the stress inoculation and sensitization models, suggesting that childhood parental loss and parental caring exert important influences on children's development of stress sensitivity", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Risk factors of breast cancer among women in eastern India: a tertiary hospital based case control study.AIM: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers of women in India with high fatality rate. Over a 1 year study period 105 consecutive biopsy or fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed breast cancer patients were interviewed by direct questionnaire method regarding risk factors attending Surgery and Radiotherapy OPD of Medical College Kolkata, West Bengal while taking other 105 patients attending Surgery Department for some other disease as controls. The data were compiled in MS Excel 2007 and analyzed by Epi info 3.5.1 software. Among the cases, rural residence, illiteracy and low socio-economic status was significantly higher than controls. Late onset of menarche, late onset of menopause, ever OCP usage, breast feeding for 1-2 years and age of 1st childbirth between 20-30 years were found to be significant protective factors. People should be made aware regarding the modifiable risk factors to prevent breast cancer", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "iMonDB: Mass Spectrometry Quality Control through Instrument Monitoring.Over the past few years, awareness has risen that for mass-spectrometry-based proteomics methods to mature into everyday analytical and clinical practices, extensive quality assessment is mandatory. A currently overlooked source of qualitative information originates from the mass spectrometer itself. Apart from the actual mass spectral data, raw-data objects also contain parameter settings and sensory information about the mass instrument. This information gives a detailed account of the operation of the instrument, which eventually can be related to observations in mass spectral data. The advantage of instrument information at the lowest level is the high sensitivity to detect emerging defects in a timely fashion. To this end, we introduce the Instrument MONitoring DataBase (iMonDB), which allows us to automatically extract, store, and manage the instrument parameters from raw-data objects into a highly efficient database structure. This enables us to monitor the instrument parameters over a considerable time period. Time course information about the instrument performance is necessary to define the normal range of operation and to detect anomalies that may correlate with instrument failure. The proposed tools foster an additional handle on quality control and are released as open source under the permissive Apache 2.0 license. The tools can be downloaded from https://bitbucket.org/proteinspector/imondb", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Inhibition effect of cardiotonic pills on venous thrombosis induced in rat mesentery by photochemical reaction.This paper was aimed to explore the inhibition effect of cardiotonic pills (CP) on venous thrombosis induced in rat mesentery by photochemical stimulation (PS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethane. Thrombosis was induced in the mesenteric venule by PS with photosensitizer hematoporphyrin and an ultraviolet beam. The rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 6), PS (n = 6) and PS + CP group (n = 6) where CP solution (0.4 g/kg.b) was administrated orally 60 min before PS. Microcirculatory disturbances in the mesentery were observed under an inverted microscope with a color video-camera. Based on the recorded images, the development of thrombosis was evaluated in term of time of thrombosis appearance (T(a)) and area ratio of thrombus/vessel (AR). The expression of adhesion molecule (CD31) of platelet was examined in blood taken from the abdominal aorta, using flow cytometry. The T(a) was approximately 10 seconds after PS in PS group, but it was approximately 20 seconds in PS + CP group. The AR in PS + CP group was significantly reduced, compared to that in PS group, during the period of the observation. The CD31 expression was not changed in both groups, while positive cells were significantly increased in the number. It is suggested that CP might suppress thrombus development under the interaction of platelet with endothelium", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Emergency medical information system for transferring patients to the medical institute by triage-result.The Objective of this study was to triage the emergency patients in a pre-hospital stage and transfer them to the appropriate medical institute by the triaged result. For this, considering the pre-hospital emergence situation, we selected the Manchester system as the triage. So we analyzed the components of the ambulance records in Korea, transformed MTS components according to analysis-results of the ambulances and applied them to the information system in using a C# web application. Then we made the emergency medical institute database with the distances of any selected places and institute-grade in the emergency medical system and connected the triage-result with the medical institute database. Through this study, the medical institute can be selected based on patient condition. In addition we also can expect the emergency medical institutes to be effectively managed", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Isolation, cultivation and identification of Borrelia burgdorferi genospecies from Ixodes ricinus ticks from the city of Brno, Czech Republic.A total of 305 ticks (21 larvae, 243 nymphs, 19 females and 22 males) were collected by flagging of vegetation in suburban woods of Pisarky Park (city of Brno) from July to October 2002. The midgut of each tick was dissected out and transferred individually into BSK-H medium. After cultivation, all specimens were examined by dark-field microscopy (DFM) for the presence of borreliae. Out of 305 tick samples, 45 were (14.8%) DFM positive. The following polymerase chain reaction (PCR) then revealed 37 (12.1%) samples positive for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA. All 37 samples were further analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. PCR-RFLP analysis revealed 14 strains of B. afzelii (37.8%), 15 strains of B. garinii (40.5%) and 2 strains of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (5.4%). Four samples (10.8%) showed a mixed population of these genospecies. Two samples produced atypical RFLP pattern which were detected by sequence analysis as B. valaisiana (5.4%). Isolation attempts resulted in 21 spirochaetal strains (including two stains of B. valaisiana). The results show the diversity of B. burgdorferi s.l. in tick population and refer the risk of infection by pathogenic borreliae in Brno", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "When friendship formation goes down the toilet: design features of shared accommodation influence interpersonal bonds and well-being.Despite its omnipresence, the influence of the built environment on human psychology is not well understood. In a five-wave longitudinal study, we investigated whether physical design features within shared student accommodation predicted the frequency of coincidental meetings between new flatmates, and whether these meetings predicted the strength of their interpersonal bonds and psychological well-being. Multilevel latent growth modelling on responses from 462 new university residents supported our hypotheses: Respondents living in flats with design features that encouraged the use of communal areas--a shared common area and an absence of ensuite toilets--reported unintentionally meeting their flatmates more frequently within their flats. This in turn predicted the initial strength of their interpersonal bonds with their flatmates, which in turn positively predicted their well-being. These effects were maintained throughout the 10-week study. Our findings provide an empirical basis for the development of shared housing designed to foster positive relationships and well-being among residents", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Changes in energy metabolism in relation to physical activity due to fermentable carbohydrates in group-housed growing pigs.Fermentable nonstarch polysaccharides (dietary fiber) affect energy retention in group-housed growing pigs by reducing physical activity. This study assessed the effects of fermentation and bulkiness of dietary carbohydrates on physical activity in relation to energy metabolism. Eight clusters of 14 pigs were fed one of four diets in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Factors included 1) gastrointestinal fermentation and 2) dietary bulkiness. Contrasts in fermentation were created by exchanging gelatinized maize starch with raw potato starch on a volume basis. Bulkiness was altered by adding 15% milled wheat straw to the diets. Apart from these differences, amounts of other dietary ingredients fed to the pigs were similar. Pigs were housed in groups. Nitrogen and energy balances were measured per cluster during a 14-d period. Dietary bulkiness did not affect ME intake, heat production, or energy retention. Metabolizability decreased when maize starch was replaced with raw potato starch (P< .01), resulting in a lower energy retention on the potato starch diets (P<.01). However, the lower ME intake on the potato diets was partially compensated by a reduced energy expenditure on physical activity (P< .01), which was 17.6% lower than that of pigs fed the maize starch diets. Dietary bulkiness did not affect physical activity. The effect of fiber-rich diets (nonstarch polysaccharides) on activity in growing group-housed pigs seems to be related to fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract, and not to bulkiness (volume)", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Spatial distribution of citizen science casuistic observations for different taxonomic groups.Opportunistic citizen science databases are becoming an important way of gathering information on species distributions. These data are temporally and spatially dispersed and could have limitations regarding biases in the distribution of the observations in space and/or time. In this work, we test the influence of landscape variables in the distribution of citizen science observations for eight taxonomic groups. We use data collected through a Portuguese citizen science database (biodiversity4all.org). We use a zero-inflated negative binomial regression to model the distribution of observations as a function of a set of variables representing the landscape features plausibly influencing the spatial distribution of the records. Results suggest that the density of paths is the most important variable, having a statistically significant positive relationship with number of observations for seven of the eight taxa considered. Wetland coverage was also identified as having a significant, positive relationship, for birds, amphibians and reptiles, and mammals. Our results highlight that the distribution of species observations, in citizen science projects, is spatially biased. Higher frequency of observations is driven largely by accessibility and by the presence of water bodies. We conclude that efforts are required to increase the spatial evenness of sampling effort from volunteers", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Deficiency in type I interferon signaling prevents the early interferon-induced gene signature in pancreatic islets but not type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.Type I interferons (IFNs) have been implicated in the initiation of islet autoimmunity and development of type 1 diabetes. To directly test their involvement, we generated NOD mice deficient in type I IFN receptors (NOD.IFNAR1(-/-)). Expression of the type I IFN-induced genes Mx1, Isg15, Ifit1, Oas1a, and Cxcr4 was detectable in NOD islets as early as 1 week of age. Of these five genes, expression of Isg15, Ifit1, Oas1a, and Mx1 peaked at 3-4 weeks of age, corresponding with an increase in Ifn\u00e1 mRNA, declined at 5-6 weeks of age, and increased again at 10-14 weeks of age. Increased IFN-induced gene expression was ablated in NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) islets. Loss of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) resulted in reduced islet expression of Mx1 at 2 weeks of age, but TLR2 or TLR9 deficiency did not change the expression of other IFN-induced genes in islets compared with wild-type NOD islets. We observed increased \u00e2-cell major histocompatibility complex class I expression with age in NOD and NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) mice. NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) mice developed insulitis and diabetes at a similar rate to NOD controls. These results indicate type I IFN is produced within islets in young mice but is not essential for the initiation and progression of diabetes in NOD mice", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Influence of formulation properties on chemical stability of captopril in aqueous preparations.The influence of various formulation properties on the chemical stability of captopril in aqueous media at pH 3 was investigated, in order to reformulate and increase the shelf-life of an oral mixture of the drug. At this pH, chemical stability is improved by an increase in drug concentration (1-5 mg/ml) and a decrease in temperature (5-36 degrees C), the latter demonstrated by a linear Arrhenius-plot. The activation energy is low (Ea = 10.2 kcal/mol), thus the Q10 value is only 1.8 in pure aqueous solutions. The degradation at the lowest concentration investigated in pure aqueous solution apparently follows zero order kinetics. The reaction order is changed at higher concentrations. We are presenting a hypothesis of intramolecular proton transfer from the thiol to the ionized carboxylic group as the initial step in the oxidative degradation pathways of captopril. Long-term stability of 1 mg/ml captopril in aqueous solutions at pH 3, stored at 36 degrees C for one year, shows that the sugar alcohol sorbitol accelerates degradation of the drug while Na-EDTA at a concentration as low as 0.01% is sufficient to stabilize these samples. Purging with N2-gas prior to storage is not essential for drug stability, as long as Na-EDTA is present. Only at a low level of Na-EDTA (0.01%) combined with a high level of sorbitol (35%), purging with N2-gas appears to have a small effect. The destabilizing effect of sugar alcohols is confirmed by accelerated degradation also in the presence of glycerol. The efficient stabilization in the presence of Na-EDTA at a low concentration indicates that the metal-ion-catalyzed oxidation pathway dominates the chemical degradation process at low pH, although several mechanisms seem to be involved depending on excipients present", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Promoters and processing sites within the transforming region of bovine papillomavirus type 1.The mRNAs present in bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1)-transformed C127 cells were studied by primer extension. The results show that two internal promoters are present in the E region of BPV-1 in addition to the previously identified promoter at coordinate 1 (H. Ahola, A. Stenlund, J. Moreno-L?pez, and U. Pettersson, Nucleic Acids Res. 11:2639-2650, 1983). One, located at coordinate 31, generated a set of mRNAs with heterogeneous 5' ends, which may encode the major transforming protein of BPV-1, the E5 protein. The second promoter, which is located at coordinate 39, generates colinear mRNAs which encode either the E4 protein or a truncated form of the E2 protein. Unlike the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (O. Danos, E. Georges, G. Orth, and M. Yaniv, J. Virol. 53:735-741, 1985), BPV-1 appears to lack a separate promoter for expression of the E7 protein. The major splice sites in the transforming region (E region) of the BPV-1 genome were also identified by nucleotide sequence analysis", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Spectrofluorometric studies of the lipid probe, nile red.We found that the dye nile red, 9-diethylamino-5H-benzo[alpha]phenoxazine-5-one, can be applied as a fluorescent vital stain for the detection of intracellular lipid droplets by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytofluorometry (J. Cell. Biol. 1985. 100: 965-973). To understand the selectivity of the staining, we examined the fluorescence properties of nile red in the presence of organic solvents and model lipid systems. Nile red was found to be both very soluble and strongly fluorescent in organic solvents. The excitation and emission spectra of nile red shifted to shorter wavelengths with decreasing solvent polarity. However, the fluorescence of nile red was quenched in aqueous medium. Nile red was observed to fluoresce intensely in the presence of aqueous suspensions of phosphatidylcholine vesicles (excitation maximum: 549 nm; emission maximum: 628 nm). When neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols or cholesteryl esters were incorporated with phosphatidylcholine to form microemulsions, nile red fluorescence emission maxima shifted to shorter wavelengths. Serum lipoproteins also induced nile red fluorescence and produced spectral blue shifts. Nile red fluorescence was not observed in the presence of either immunoglobulin G or gelatin. These results demonstrate that nile red fluorescence accompanied by a spectral blue shift reflects the presence of nile red in a hydrophobic lipid environment and account for the selective detection of neutral lipid by the dye. Nile red thus serves as an excellent fluorescent lipid probe", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Stability of elastin in the developing mouse aorta: a quantitative radioautographic study.Elastic lamina growth during development and the ultimate stability of elastin in the mouse aortic media was investigated by light and electron microscopic radioautography. Following a single subcutaneous injection of L-[3,4-3H]valine at 3 days of age, animals were killed at 9 subsequent time intervals up to 4 months of age. One day after injection, radioautographic silver grains were primarily observed over the elastic laminae; however, silver grains were also seen over the smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix. By 21 to 28 days of age, the silver grains were almost exclusively located over the elastic laminae. From 28 days to 4 months of age, the distribution of silver grains appeared relatively unchanged. Quantitation of silver grain number/micron2 of elastin showed a steady decrease in the concentration of silver grains associated with the elastic laminae from 4 to 21 days of age. After this time, no significant difference in silver grain concentration was observed. Since the initial decrease in grains/micron2 of elastin corresponds to a period of rapid post-natal growth, the decrease is likely to be a result of dilution of the radiolabel due to new elastin synthesis. With the assumption that little or no significant turnover occurs during this time, a constant growth rate of 4.3% per day was predicted by linear regression analysis. Since no significant difference in the concentration of silver grains was observed from 28 to 118 days of age, no new growth or turnover of elastin can be said to occur during this time period. This is supported by the observation that animals injected with radiolabeled valine at 28 days and 8 months of age showed no significant incorporation of radiolabel into the elastic laminae. The results from this study present the first long-term radioautographic evidence of the stability of aortic elastin and emphasize that initial deposition of elastin and proper assembly of elastic laminae is a critical event in vessel development", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Molecular characterization of a large group of Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC patients reveals the evolutionary history of the disease.Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPSIIIC) is a severe, rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by variants in the heparan-\u00e1-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) gene which result in lysosomal accumulation of heparan sulfate. We analyzed clinical presentation, molecular defects and their haplotype context in 78 (27 novel) MPSIIIC cases from 22 countries, the largest group studied so far. We describe for the first time disease-causing variants in the patients from Brazil, Algeria, Azerbaijan, and Iran, and extend their spectrum within Canada, Colombia, Turkey, and the USA. Six variants are novel: two missense, c.773A>T/p.N258I and c.1267G>T/p.G423W, a nonsense c.164T>A/p.L55*, a splice-site mutation c.494-1G>A/p.[P165_L187delinsQSCYVTQAGVRWHHLGSLQALPPGFTPFSYLSLLSSWNC,P165fs], a deletion c.1348delG/p.(D450fs) and an insertion c.1479dupA/p.(Leu494fs). The missense HGSNAT variants lacked lysosomal targeting, enzymatic activity, and likely the correct folding. The haplotype analysis identified founder mutations, p.N258I, c.525dupT, and p.L55* in the Brazilian state of Paraiba, c.493+1G>A in Eastern Canada/Quebec, p.A489E in the USA, p.R384* in Poland, p.R344C and p.S518F in the Netherlands and suggested that variants c.525dupT, c.372-2G>A, and c.234+1G>A present in cis with c.564-98T>C and c.710C>A rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms, have been introduced by Portuguese settlers in Brazil. Altogether, our results provide insights into the origin, migration roots and founder effects of HGSNAT disease-causing variants, and reveal the evolutionary history of MPSIIIC", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "An RbAp48-like gene regulates adult stem cells in planarians.Retinoblastoma-associated proteins 46 and 48 (RbAp46 and RbAp48) are factors that are components of different chromatin-modelling complexes, such as polycomb repressive complex 2, the activity of which is related to epigenetic gene regulation in stem cells. To date, no direct findings are available on the in vivo role of RbAp48 in stem-cell biology. We recently identified DjRbAp48 - a planarian (Dugesia japonica) homologue of human RBAP48 - expression of which is restricted to the neoblasts, the adult stem cells of planarians. In vivo silencing of DjRbAp48 induces lethality and inability to regenerate, even though neoblasts proliferate and accumulate after wounding. Despite a partial reduction in neoblast number, we were always able to detect a significant number of these cells in DjRbAp48 RNAi animals. Parallel to the decrease in neoblasts, a reduction in the number of differentiated cells and the presence of apoptotic-like neoblasts were detectable in RNAi animals. These findings suggest that DjRbAp48 is not involved in neoblast maintenance, but rather in the regulation of differentiation of stem-cell progeny. We discuss our data, taking into account the possibility that DjRbAp48 might control the expression of genes necessary for cell differentiation by influencing chromatin architecture", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Autopsy findings in 42 consecutive patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a relentlessly progressive lung disease that commonly results in respiratory failure and death. However, the cause of death in these patients has not previously been fully defined. The current study reviews the clinical records and pathological findings of 42 consecutive patients with IPF who underwent a post mortem at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) over a 9-yr period, from January 1996 to December 2004. The median (range) age at post mortem for the patients was 74 (46-98 yrs) yrs, which included 25 (60%) males. A total of 31 (74%) patients died in the hospital. The immediate causes of death were reported as: respiratory (64%), cardiovascular (21%), or noncardiopulmonary (14%). Acute exacerbation of IPF was the most common immediate cause of death (29%). Pneumonia, aspiration and drug-induced lung disease were identified as other causes of respiratory death. Evidence of pulmonary hypertension was present in the post mortem of 19 (45%) patients and was the immediate cause of death in two of these patients. The immediate cause of death was clinically unsuspected in five (12%) patients and IPF was diagnosed post mortem in nine (21%) patients. The majority of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had undergone a post mortem were found to have died from respiratory causes. Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was found to be the most common cause of death whilst death from the gradual progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was found to be less common", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Characterization of plasma membrane respiratory chain and ATPase in the actinomycete Nonomuraea sp. ATCC 39727.We have characterized the respiratory system of the aerobic actinomycete Nonomuraea sp. ATCC 39727. The plasma membrane of the microorganism is shown to contain a protonmotive respiratory chain and H+-ATPase. The respiratory chain is made up of a rotenone-sensitive NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, a four subunits aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase and a bc1 complex. The H+-ATPase is characterized as an F0F1-type on the basis of its sensitivity to specific inhibitors; the enzyme is also inhibited by mM concentrations of Ca2+. The activity of the respiratory chain increases during the exponential growth phase, but is depressed in the stationary phase. The H+-ATPase activity reaches, as the respiratory chain, a maximal activity at the end of the exponential growth phase and then remains constant in the stationary phase", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Clinical course and short-term outcome of postsplenectomy reactive thrombocytosis in children without myeloproliferative disorders: A single institutional experience from a developing country.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical outcome and complications in the pediatric population who had splenectomy at our institution, emphasizing the incidence of postplenectomy reactive thrombocytosis (RT) and its clinical significance in children without underlying hematological malignancies.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of pediatric patients undergoing splenectomy were retrospectively reviewed for the period 1999-2018. The following variables were analyzed: Demographic parameters (age, sex), indications for surgery, operative procedures, preoperative and postoperative platelet count (postplenectomy RT), the use of anticoagulant therapy, and postoperative complications. The patients were divided into two groups according to indications for splenectomy: The non-neoplastic hematology group and the non-hematology group (splenectomy for trauma or other spleen non-hematological pathology).RESULTS: Fifty-two pediatric (37 male and 15 female) patients who underwent splenectomy at our institution were reviewed. Thirty-four patients (65%) were in the non-hematological group (splenic rupture, cysts, and abscess) and 18 patients (35%) in the non-neoplastic hematological group (hereditary spherocytosis and immune thrombocytopenia). The two groups did not differ significantly in regards to the patients' age, sex, and preoperative platelet count (P>0.05 for all variables). Forty-nine patients (94.2%) developed postplenectomy RT. The percentages of mild, moderate and extreme thrombocytosis were 48.9%, 30.7%, and 20.4%, respectively. The comparisons of RT patients between the non-neoplastic hematology and the non-hematology group revealed no significant differences in regards to the patients' age, sex, preoperative and postoperative platelet counts, preoperative and postoperative leukocyte counts, and the average length of hospital stay (P>0.05 for all variables). None of the patients from the cohort was affected by any thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications.CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that RT is a very common event following splenectomy, but in this study it was not associated with clinically evident thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications in children undergoing splenectomy for trauma, structural lesions or non-neoplastic hematological disorders", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Genetic engineering with endothelial nitric oxide synthase improves functional properties of endothelial progenitor cells from patients with coronary artery disease: an in vitro study.Recent studies have reported a marked impairment in the number and functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In view of an important role of eNOS in angiogenesis, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of eNOS gene transfer in ex vivo expanded EPCs isolated from patients with CAD. The expanded EPCs were transfected with mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1-eNOS containing the full-length human eNOS gene using lipofectamine. About 35-40% of the eNOS-EPCs had higher expression of eNOS as compared to untransfected EPCs. EPCs transfected with pcDNA3.0-EGFP, the plasmid vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) were used as control. The untransfected, GFP-transfected and eNOS-transfected EPCs were compared in terms of important functional attributes of angiogenesis such as proliferation, migration, differentiation and adhesion/integration into tube-like structures in vitro. Functional studies revealed that in the presence of defined growth conditions, compared to the untransfected and GFP-transfected cells, eNOS-EPCs from patients with CAD have a significant increase in [3H] thymidine-labeled DNA (P < 0.01), migration (14.6 +/- 1.8 and 16.5 +/- 1.9 vs. 23.5 +/- 3.4 cells/field, P < 0.01), ability to differentiate into endothelial-like spindle-shaped cells (46 +/- 4.5 and 56.5 +/- 2.1 vs. 93.2 +/- 6.6 cells/field, P < 0.001) and also incorporation into tube-like structures on the matrigel (GFP-EPCs: 21.25 +/- 2.9 vs. GFP-eNOS-EPCs: 34.5 +/- 5.5 cells/field, P < 0.05). We conclude that eNOS gene transfection is a valuable approach to augment angiogenic properties of ex vivo expanded EPCs and eNOS-modified EPCs may offer significant advantages than EPCs alone in terms of their clinical use in patients with myocardial ischemia", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Effect of chlorine on cultivability of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and \u00e2-lactamase genes carrying E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The worldwide spread of toxin-producing and multi-drug resistant bacteria in water, food and the environment is considered a major threat to human health. Drinking water quality is controlled by inspection of fecal indicators presence whereby viable contaminants will be efficiently reduced by chlorination which is a common process for disinfection. However, the all-out efficiency is arguable, because bacterial regrowth has been documented after disinfection. In this study, we investigated the stability of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and \u00e2-lactamase expressing E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, both equipped with multiple or single \u00e2-lactamase resistance genes. The aim of the study was to analyze the efficiency of chlorine (Cl2) disinfection against shigatoxigenic or \u00e2-lactamase producing bacteria. Cl2 reacts with the bacterial cells after first contact. Counts of antibiotic resistant E. coli were lower after short than upon extended Cl2 treatment. P. aeruginosa counts decreased moderately upon 15-60\u2009min treatment with 1.2\u2009mg Cl2/l, while cells adapted to tap water were not cultivable anymore. We assume that the bacterial physiology changed to a temporary non-cultivatable state at first Cl2 contact followed by resuscitation of some cells at later stages. STEC viability went down continuously at low Cl2 concentrations and these toxigenic E. coli isolates exhibited slightly increased stability to Cl2 treatment compared with non-toxigenic E. coli. Controlling the efficiency of disinfection, realistic counts of cultivatable cells are achieved after extended Cl2 action", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Hypoalgesia in response to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) depends on stimulation intensity.UNLABELLED: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an electrophysical modality used for pain management. This study investigated the dose response of different TENS intensities on experimentally induced pressure pain. One hundred and thirty TENS na?ve healthy individuals (18-64 years old; 65 males, 65 females) were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n = 26 per group): Strong Non Painful TENS; Sensory Threshold TENS; Below Sensory Threshold TENS; No Current Placebo TENS; and Transient Placebo TENS. Active TENS (80 Hz) was applied to the forearm for 30 minutes. Transient Placebo TENS was applied for 42 seconds after which the current amplitude automatically reset to 0 mA. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were recorded from 2 points on the hand and forearm before and after TENS to measure hypoalgesia. There were significant differences between groups at both the hand and forearm (ANOVA; P = .005 and .002). At 30 minutes, there was a significant hypoalgesic effect in the Strong Non Painful TENS group compared to: Below Sensory Threshold TENS, No Current Placebo TENS and Transient Placebo TENS groups (P < .0001) at the forearm; Transient Placebo TENS and No Current Placebo TENS groups at the hand (P = .001). There was no significant difference between Strong Non Painful TENS and Sensory Threshold TENS groups. The area under the curve for the changes in PPT significantly correlated with the current amplitude (r(2) = .33, P = .003). These data therefore show that there is a dose-response effect of TENS with the largest effect occurring with the highest current amplitudes.PERSPECTIVE: This study shows a dose response for the intensity of TENS for pain relief with the strongest intensities showing the greatest effect; thus, we suggest that TENS intensity should be titrated to achieve the strongest possible intensity to achieve maximum pain relief", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP attenuates apoptotic cell death induced by cisplatin.The genotoxin cisplatin is commonly used in chemotherapy to treat solid tumors, yet our understanding of the mechanism underlying the drug response is limited. In a focused siRNA screen, using an siRNA library targeting genes involved in ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like signaling, we identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP as a key regulator of cisplatin-induced genotoxicity. HOIP forms, with SHARPIN and HOIL-1L, the linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC). We show that cells deficient in the HOIP ligase complex exhibit hypersensitivity to cisplatin. This is due to a dramatic increase in caspase-8/caspase-3-mediated apoptosis that is strictly dependent on ATM-, but not ATR-mediated DNA damage checkpoint activation. Moreover, basal and cisplatin-induced activity of the stress response kinase JNK is enhanced in HOIP-depleted cells and, conversely, JNK inhibition can increase cellular resistance to cisplatin and reverse the apoptotic hyperactivation in HOIP-depleted cells. Furthermore, we show that HOIP depletion sensitizes cancer cells, derived from carcinomas of various origins, through an enhanced apoptotic cell death response. We also provide evidence that ovarian cancer cells classified as cisplatin-resistant can regain sensitivity following HOIP downregulation. Cumulatively, our study identifies a HOIP-regulated antiapoptotic signaling pathway, and we envisage HOIP as a potential target for the development of combinatorial chemotherapies to potentiate the efficacy of platinum-based anticancer drugs", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Detection of HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction and culture in seronegative intravenous drug users in an inner-city emergency department.STUDY BACKGROUND: After a health care worker's unprotected exposure to a patient's blood, the current recommendation is to obtain consent from the source for serologic testing for HIV. If the test is negative, no further follow-up of the exposed provider is usually indicated.OBJECTIVE: To determine if patients testing negative for HIV-1 antibody on routine serology harbor occult HIV-1 infection.DESIGN: Cross-sectional, identity-unlinked, patient-related data and blood sample procurement for HIV-1 infection.SETTING: Inner-city university hospital emergency department with high HIV-1 seroprevalence among patients.TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: IV drug users not known to have HIV-1 infection.MEASUREMENTS: Serum samples were analyzed for HIV-1 antibodies by enzyme immunoassay and Western blot. Peripheral mononuclear cells were analyzed for HIV-1 provirus by polymerase chain reaction and viral culture.MAIN RESULTS: Of 131 patients, 36 (27.5%) were Western blot-confirmed seropositive for HIV-1. Of the 95 seronegative patients, six (6.3%) were polymerase chain reaction positive, and one of these was confirmed with culture. The negative predictive value of standard serology was 93.5% with polymerase chain reaction alone and 98.9% with concordant polymerase chain reaction and culture results.CONCLUSION: There may be a significant number of ED patients in HIV-1 prevalent populations who have occult HIV-1 infection not detectable by serology at the time of a health care provider exposure. Although these data suggest that further prospective study is warranted to better quantify the frequency of this phenomenon, these preliminary data suggest that current Centers for Disease Control recommendations regarding provider exposures may need to be reappraised for certain situations", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Antithrombotic treatment and characteristics of elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation hospitalized at Internal Medicine departments. NONAVASC registry.BACKGROUND AND OBJETIVES: The prevalence of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) increases with the patient's age and is associated with high morbi-mortality rates. The main goal of this study was to describe the characteristics of hospitalized elderly patients with NVAF and to identify the clinical and functional factors which determine the use of different antithrombotic strategies.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational, prospective, multicentre study carried out on patients with NVAF over the age of 75, who had been admitted for any medical condition to Internal Medicine departments.RESULTS: We evaluated 804 patients with a mean age of 85 years (range 75-101), of which 53.9% were females. The prevalence of risk factors and cardiovascular disease was high: hypertension (87.6%), heart failure (65.4%), ischemic cardiomyopathy (24.4%), cerebrovascular disease (22.4%) and chronic kidney disease (45%). Among those cases with previous diagnoses of NVAF, antithrombotic treatment was prescribed in 86.2% of patients: anticoagulants (59.7%), antiplatelet medication (17.8%) and double therapy (8.7%). The factors associated with the use of antithrombotic treatment were history of acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation progression longer than one year. Older age, atrial fibrillation for less than one year, higher HAS-BLED scores and severe cognitive impairment were associated with the use of anti-platelet drugs. Permanent atrial fibrillation favoured the use of anticoagulants.CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized patients older than 75 years old with NVAF showed numerous comorbidities. The percentage of anticoagulation was small and 18% received only anti-platelet therapy. The patient's age, atrial fibrillation's progression time and the severity of the cognitive impairment influenced this therapy choice", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "DISC1 mRNA expression is not influenced by common Cis-acting regulatory polymorphisms or imprinting.The hypothesis that genetic variation in Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) influences risk of schizophrenia and other major psychiatric disorders is supported by a growing body of genetic association data and plausible functional biology. Risk of psychiatric disorder is not attributable to non-synonymous changes that alter the protein coding sequence of DISC1, although certain such variants possibly contribute to risk haplotypes. Thus, it is widely hypothesized that the risk variants at DISC1 influence its expression. As a complicating factor, it has also been recently proposed that DISC1 is subject to imprinting, a hypothesis that would profoundly influence the interpretation of current genetic studies. We have tested these two main hypotheses using allelic expression analysis. Of 148 human brain mRNA samples, 65 were informative for analysis. However, only a single sample showed evidence for unequal expression of paternal and maternal transcripts. Analysis of the proximal promoter region in that subject revealed the presence of a previously unknown duplication of the 22 nucleotides -168 to -147 relative to the transcription start site. However, the altered expression in that subject did not appear to be explained by this insertion. Our data robustly demonstrate that DISC1 is not imprinted in the adult human brain, and strongly suggest that reports of genetic association between DISC1 and psychiatric disorder are not explicable by sequence changes that alter mRNA abundance", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Suppression of rat hepatic cytochrome P450s by protein-calorie malnutrition: complete or partial restoration by cysteine or methionine supplementation.Pharmacokinetic profiles of therapeutic agents are altered by protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM). The current study was designed to determine the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450s in rats after protein restriction and to investigate its molecular basis. Western blot analysis revealed that rats with protein restriction for 4 weeks exhibited marked suppression in the hepatic P450 1A2, 2C11, 2E1, and 3A1/2 levels. Northern blot analysis showed that hepatic P450 1A2, 2C11, and 3A1/2 mRNAs were significantly decreased in the state of PCM. The P450 2E1 mRNA level was slightly decreased in PCM rats, suggesting the possibility that expression of P450 2E1 affected by PCM might result from the transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional regulation. PCM-induced changes in most P450 expression completely or partially returned to control levels by a week of cysteine supplementation. Cysteine also prevented decreases in P450 1A2, 2C11, 2E1, and 3A1/2 mRNA levels by PCM. Methionine was minimally active in restoring the P450 expression. A metabolic change in hepatic ethoxyresorufin dealkylase activity in PCM rats was consistent with the P450 apoprotein and mRNA levels. Although the plasma concentrations of azosemide, a loop diuretic, primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A, increased in protein-deprived rats, cysteine supplementation significantly reduced the increased plasma concentrations of the drug. The altered pharmacokinetic parameters of azosemide in PCM rats returned to those of control after cysteine supplementation, corroborating the conclusion that cysteine was effective in restoring cytochrome P450 expression and metabolic activities", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Molecular genetic study of Egyptian patients with macular corneal dystrophy.AIM: To identify the underlying genetic defect in Egyptian patients with macular corneal dystrophy (MCD).METHODS: A clinical and molecular genetic study was performed on 11 patients from six families with MCD. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and histopathological examination of corneal buttons following keratoplasty. The coding region of the carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST6) gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all affected subjects. This was followed by direct sequencing and restriction digest analyses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antigenic keratan sulfate (KS) in patients' serum was also performed.RESULTS: Six homozygous mutations, of which three are novel, were identified within the coding region of CHST6 in six unrelated MCD families. The barely detectable level of antigenic KS in the serum of the affected individuals indicated that they all have MCD type I, including the subtype IA.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a molecular genetic analysis of MCD in the Egyptian population. These data indicate the extensive allelic heterogeneity within CHST6 and further support its essential role in maintaining corneal transparency", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The effect of hospice on Medicare and informal care costs: the U.S. Experience.The effect of hospice on third-party payer costs has long been of great interest in the United States and other nations. The choice of hospice could also influence the costs experienced by patients and family members as compared with when Medicare beneficiaries choose to use normal care. This article considers both types of cost in the context of the United States. Hospice provides a rare example of a medical or multiprofessional intervention that improves quality of life for patients while reducing the costs of third-party insurers. Out-of-pocket costs do not differ by hospice use, but families experience higher informal costs when a loved one who is dying uses hospice. There are likely benefits of such interactions that would offset any costs, but these are hard to quantify. The Medicare program is supposed to provide necessary and reasonable care to beneficiaries, and hospice would easily pass any such assessment", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Prolonged waiting times for liver transplantation in obese patients.OBJECTIVE: To quantify the independent association between obesity and access to liver transplantation.BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with higher complication rates, longer hospitalization, and worse survival after liver transplantation. Nevertheless, transplantation provides survival benefit to patients with end-stage liver disease, regardless of body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that, despite survival benefit, providers were reluctant to transplant obese patients because of the inherent difficulty of these cases and their inferior outcomes. Our goal was to quantify the independent association between BMI and waiting time for orthotopic liver transplantation as a surrogate marker for this reluctance.METHODS: We studied 29,136 wait-list candidates in the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) era, categorized as severely obese (BMI 35-40), morbidly obese (BMI 40-60), and reference (BMI 18.5-35). All models were adjusted for factors relevant to the allocation system, factors possibly influencing access to healthcare, and factors biologically related to disease progression and outcomes.RESULTS: The odds of receiving a MELD exception were 30% lower in severely obese and 38% lower in morbidly obese patients. Similarly, the likelihoods of being turned down for an organ were 10% and 16% higher, and the rates of being transplanted were 11% and 29% lower in severely obese and morbidly obese patients, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Current practice seems to indicate a reluctance to transplant obese patients. If indeed as a community we feel that liver allografts should not be distributed to patients with excessive postoperative risk, we should consider expressing this as a formal change to our allocation policy rather than through informal practice patterns", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Liver histology and immunohistochemical findings in asymptomatic Indians with incidental detection of hepatitis B virus infection.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The relationship between hepatocyte expression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens, liver histology and viral replication in asymptomatic subjects with incidental detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) remains unclear. We evaluated the histological activity index (HAI) and hepatocyte expression of viral antigens with replicative status in asymptomatic chronic HBV infection.METHODS: Asymptomatic subjects with incidental detection of HBsAg and ALT levels less than twice the upper limit of normal were grouped as follows: Group A - negative for HBeAg and HBV DNA (no HBV replication); B - HBeAg negative, HBV DNA positive (low HBV replication or pre-core mutant); C - positive HBeAg and HBV DNA (high viral replication). Liver biopsies were assessed for HAI (Ishak's scoring system). These were also subjected to immunohistochemistry for expression of HBsAg and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg); distribution, staining pattern and quantitative measurement of antigen expression were assessed.RESULTS: Median HAI was similar in the three groups (1.0, 2.0 and 2.0 in groups A, B and C, respectively). All subjects in Group C showed discrete cytoplasmic expression of HBsAg, whereas the other two groups showed heterogeneity in distribution and pattern of HBsAg staining. Quantitative measurement of cytoplasmic HBsAg revealed similar results in the three groups. Core antigen (nuclear) was detected in 4 of 5 subjects in Group C and none of those in Groups A and B. Ground-glass hepatocytes were seen in 20 and orcein-positive cells in 26 cases. HBsAg was detected by immunohistochemistry in 37 biopsies.CONCLUSIONS: Among asymptomatic subjects with chronic HBV infection, those with high rate of viral replication had discrete cytoplasmic HBsAg expression and nuclear expression of core antigen; these findings were uncommon in subjects with low or no viral replication", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science"]}, {"question": "s. Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Progressive resistance training without volume increases does not alter arterial stiffness and aortic wave reflection.Endurance exercise is efficacious in reducing arterial stiffness. However, the effect of resistance training (RT) on arterial stiffening is controversial. High-intensity, high-volume RT has been shown to increase arterial stiffness in young adults. We tested the hypothesis that an RT protocol consisting of progressively higher intensity without concurrent increases in training volume would not elicit increases in either central or peripheral arterial stiffness or alter aortic pressure wave reflection in young men and women. The RT group (n = 24; 21 +/- 1 years) performed two sets of 8-12 repetitions to volitional fatigue on seven exercise machines on 3 days/week for 12 weeks, whereas the control group (n = 18; 22 +/- 1 years) did not perform RT. Central and peripheral arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic pressure wave reflection (augmentation index; AIx), brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and plasma levels of nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured before and after RT. RT increased the one-repetition maximum for the chest press and the leg extension (P < 0.001). RT also increased lean body mass (P < 0.01) and reduced body fat (%; P < 0.01). However, RT did not affect carotid-radial, carotid-femoral, and femoral-distal PWV (8.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.2 m/sec; 6.5 +/- 0.1 vs. 6.3 +/- 0.2 m/sec; 9.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.3 m/sec, respectively) or AIx (2.5% +/- 2.3% vs. 4.8% +/- 1.8 %, respectively). Additionally, no changes were observed in brachial FMD, NOx, NE, or blood pressures. These results suggest that an RT protocol consisting of progressively higher intensity without concurrent increases in training volume does not increase central or peripheral arterial stiffness or alter aortic pressure wave characteristics in young subjec", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle after burn injury are not caused by increased cell volume.BACKGROUND: In a recent report, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) stimulated protein synthesis and inhibited protein breakdown in skeletal muscle after bum injury. The mechanism of the anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle is not known. We tested the hypotheses that IGF-1 stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein breakdown in skeletal muscle secondary to cell swelling and that cell swelling in itself induces an anabolic response in muscle tissue.METHODS: Extensor digitorum longus muscles from control and burned rats were incubated in the absence or presence of 1 microg/mL of IGF-1. Protein synthesis and breakdown rates were determined by measuring incorporation of 14C-phenylalanine into protein and net release of tyrosine, respectively. Cell volume was measured by determining wet and dry weight and by using 3H-mannitol as an extracellular marker.RESULTS: IGF-1 stimulated protein synthesis and inhibited protein breakdown in muscles from nonburned and burned rats without influencing cell volume. Incubating muscles in hypo-osmotic medium increased cell volume by 17% and inhibited protein breakdown by 14% but did not influence protein synthesis.CONCLUSIONS: The anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle are not caused by increased cell volume. The results differ from those reported previously in liver cells in which the anabolic effects of IGF-1 were associated with cell swelling. The role of changes in cell volume in the regulation of protein metabolism may be different in skeletal muscle than in other tissues", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Rationale and design of the Randomized Evaluation of patients with Stable angina Comparing Utilization of noninvasive Examinations (RESCUE) trial.RESCUE is a phase III, randomized, controlled, multicenter, comparative efficacy study, designed to compare two diagnostic imaging/treatment paradigms that use coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) or single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) for assisting in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with stable angina symptoms, and guiding subsequent treatment. The study is based on the hypothesis that CCTA as a diagnostic tool is associated with no increase in cardiac risk, decreased cost, and reduced radiation exposure compared with SPECT MPI. The RESCUE trial was funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN) Fund for Imaging Innovation, began in 2011, and completed in 2014", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Genomic Analysis of ShewanellaShewanella sp. O23S is a dissimilatory arsenate reducing bacterial strain involved in arsenic transformations within the abandoned gold mine in Zloty Stok (SW Poland). Previous physiological studies revealed that O23S may not only release arsenic from minerals, but also facilitate its immobilization through co-precipitation with reduced sulfur species. Given these uncommon, complementary characteristics and the application potential of the strain in arsenic-removal technologies, its genome (~5.3 Mbp), consisting of a single chromosome, two large plasmids (pSheA and pSheB) and three small plasmid-like phages (pSheC-E) was sequenced and annotated. Genes encoding putative proteins involved in heavy metal transformations, antibiotic resistance and other phenotypic traits were identified. An in-depth comparative analysis of arsenic respiration (arr) and resistance (ars) genes and their genetic context was also performed, revealing that pSheB carries the only copy of the arr genes, and a complete ars operon. The plasmid pSheB is therefore a unique natural vector of these genes, providing the host cells arsenic respiration and resistance abilities. The functionality of the identified genes was determined based on the results of the previous and additional physiological studies, including: the assessment of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance under various conditions, adhesion-biofilm formation assay and BiologTM metabolic preferences test. This combined genetic and physiological approach shed a new light on the capabilities of O23S and their molecular basis, and helped to confirm the biosafety of the strain in relation to its application in bioremediation technologies", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Costs and Trends of Emergency Department Utilization Pre-ACA and Post-ACA: Evidence From a Rural Georgia Hospital.BACKGROUND: A high volume of emergency department (ED) visits in the rural United States may be the result of barriers to accessing primary care. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased the number of insured, which may improve patient access to primary care and therefore reduce ED utilization. The objective of this study is to estimate the trends and cost of ED utilization pre-ACA and post-ACA implementation in a rural United States.DATA AND METHODS: We use 2009-2013 ED utilization data from a rural Georgia hospital to estimate trends and costs by demographic characteristics, referring source, and payor information. T tests and log-linear regression models are used to assess the sociodemographic factors impacting ED inflation-adjusted costs before (2009-2010) and after ACA (2011-2013) implementation.RESULTS: During 2009-2013, 39,970 ED encounters were recorded with an average cost (AC) of $2002 per visit. Results indicate that during pre-ACA, on average, 8702 encounters were recorded per year with an AC of $1759. During post-ACA, there were 7521 annual visits, with an annual AC of $2241. Regression model results indicate that AC were significantly higher for men, older adults, nonblack patients, those with private insurance, and during the post-ACA period.CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that post-ACA, declining ED visits may be due to more patients with insurance accessing primary care instead of ED. We further hypothesize that increased AC during this period may be due to ED visits being of an emergent nature, which require more resources to treat. Further comprehensive investigation is warranted to study the impact of ACA on ED utilization for nonemergency purposes among rural and nonrural hospitals", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Fifteen years of imposex and tributyltin pollution monitoring along the Portuguese coast.IMO's Anti-Fouling Systems convention banned the use of organotin-based antifouling systems in 2008 as the ultimate effort to stop tributyltin (TBT) inputs into the marine environment. One of the hazardous effects of TBT is imposex (the superimposition of male sexual characters onto gastropod females), a phenomenon that may cause female sterility and the gastropod populations decline. Despite previous European Union legislation had already been shown effective in reducing the imposex levels along the Portuguese coast, this study intends to confirm these decreasing trends after 2008 and describe the global evolution in the last 15 years. Imposex levels were assessed in two bioindicators - the dog-whelk Nucella lapillus and the netted-whelk Nassarius reticulatus (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) - in 2011 and 2014, and the results were compared with previous years. Both species showed progressive decreasing trends in imposex levels over the last 15 years; median values of the vas deferens sequence index (VDSI) fell from 3.96 to 0.78 in N.\u00a0lapillus and from 3.39 to 0.29 in N.\u00a0reticulatus. The temporal/spatial evolution of imposex suggests an apparent shift of TBT hotspots, being now restricted to fishing ports and marinas in detriment of large commercial harbours where TBT levels fell rapidly. Butyltins were measured in the whole tissues of N.\u00a0lapillus females collected in 2014: monobutyltin (MBT) varied from < DL (detection limit: 1\u00a0ng Sn/g) to 13\u00a0ng Sn/g dw, dibutyltin (DBT) from 2.2 to 27\u00a0ng Sn/g dw and TBT from 1.5 to 55\u00a0ng Sn/g dw. Although TBT body burden has declined over time, the butyltin degradation index ([MBT]+[DBT])/[TBT] exhibited values\u00a0<\u00a01 in c. a. 90% of the sites assessed, suggesting that recent TBT inputs are still widespread in the Portuguese coast eventually due to illegal use of TBT antifouling systems and TBT desorption from sediments", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Simple and sensitive aptasensor based on quantum dot-coated silica nanospheres and the gold screen-printed electrode.A novel electrochemical aptasensor involving quantum dots-coated silica nanospheres (QDs/Si) and the screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGE) was developed for the detection of thrombin. The screen-printed electrodes with several advantages, including low cost, versatility, miniaturization, and mechanical regeneration after each measurement cycle, were employed. On the other hand, the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were electrodeposited on the surface of SPGE to obtain AuNPs/SPGE. And this sandwich format (Apt/thrombin/Apt-QDs/Si) was fixed on the AuNPs/SPGE to fabricate the electrochemical aptasensor. The bound CdTe QDs were dissolved in an acid-dissolution step and were detected by electrochemical stripping analysis. The proposed aptasensor has excellent performance such as high sensitivity, good selectivity and analytical application in real samples. The combination of nanoparticles with the screen-printed electrode is favorable for amplifying electrochemical signals, and useful for large-scale fabrication of the electrochemical aptasensors, which would lay a potential foundation for the development of the electrochemical aptasensor", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Unrecognized trauma and PTSD among public mental health consumers with chronic and severe mental illness.Lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and current PTSD was assessed among 142 mental health consumers with serious mental illness served by a psychosocial rehabilitation day program. Lifetime exposure to trauma was high (87%). The rate of PTSD based on the PTSD Checklist (PCL) was also high (19-30% depending on different scoring criteria). Overall, the PCL had strong internal reliability for this sample. Documentation of trauma and PTSD was exceptionally low in medical records. Results suggest that trauma and PTSD are significantly overlooked in the public mental health system. Improved recognition of trauma and PTSD are needed in order to provide meaningful services to this highly vulnerable population", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Mutation of N-linked glycosylation in EpCAM affected cell adhesion in breast cancer cells.Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) expression is elevated in breast cancer tissue, and correlates with the cancer metastasis and cell adhesion. Although EpCAM glycosylation is supposed to be associated with its function, the contribution of N-glycosylation to its function remains unclear. Here we analyzed cell adhesion ability of EpCAM in breast cancer cells. The results showed that EpCAM expression was associated with cell adhesion and N-glycosylation mutation of EpCAM decreased adhesion capacity. N-glycosylation mutation of EpCAM was correlated with lower levels of integrin \u00e21 and fibronectin. We also found that effect of N-glycosylation of EpCAM on cell adhesion was regulated via FAK/Akt/Gsk-3\u00e2/\u00e2-catenin signaling pathway, which further adjusted MMP2/9 expression and activities. Our studies identified the characteristics and function of EpCAM glycosylation sites on breast cancer cell adhesion. These data could potentially clarify molecular regulation of EpCAM by N-glycosylation and intensify our understanding of the utility of glycosylated EpCAM as a target for breast cancer therapy", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Helicobacter pylori Eradication Causes Perturbation of the Human Gut Microbiome in Young Adults.BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence shows that Helicobacter pylori protects against some metabolic and immunological diseases in which the development of these diseases coincide with temporal or permanent dysbiosis. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of H. pylori eradication on the human gut microbiome.METHODS: As part of the currently on-going ESSAY (Eradication Study in Stable Adults/Youths) study, we collected stool samples from 17 H. pylori-positive young adult (18-30 years-old) volunteers. The same cohort was followed up 6, 12 and 18 months-post H. pylori eradication. The impact of H. pylori on the human gut microbiome pre- and post-eradication was investigated using high throughput 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) sequencing using the Illumina Miseq followed by data analysis using Qiime pipeline.RESULTS: We compared the composition and diversity of bacterial communities in the fecal microbiome of the H. pylori-positive volunteers, before and after H. pylori eradication therapy. The 16S rRNA gene was sequenced at an average of 150,000-170,000 reads/sample. The microbial diversity were similar pre- and post-H. pylori eradication with no significant differences in richness and evenness of bacterial species. Despite that the general profile of the gut microbiome was similar pre- and post-eradication, some changes in the bacterial communities at the phylum and genus levels were notable, particularly the decrease in relative abundance of Bacterioidetes and corresponding increase in Firmicutes after H. pylori eradication. The significant increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing bacteria genera could also be associated with increased risk of metabolic disorders.CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary stool metagenomics study shows that eradication of H. pylori caused perturbation of the gut microbiome and may indirectly affect the health of human. Clinicians should be aware of the effect of broad spectrum antibiotics used in H. pylori eradication regimen and be cautious in the clinical management of H. pylori infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Re-evaluation of the life cycle of Eimeria maxima Tyzzer, 1929 in chickens (Gallus domesticus).A time-course study was conducted to resolve discrepancies in the literature and better define aspects of the Eimeria maxima life cycle such, as sites of development and both morphology and number of asexual stages. Broiler chickens were inoculated orally with five million E. maxima oocysts (APU1), and were necropsied at regular intervals from 12 to 120 h p.i. Small intestine tissue sections and smears were examined for developmental stages. The jejunum contained the highest numbers of developmental stages. At 12 h p.i., sporozoites were observed inside a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in the epithelial villi and the lamina propria. By 24 h, sporozoites enclosed by a PV were observed in enterocytes of the glands of Lieberk?hn. At 48 h p.i., sporozoites, elongated immature and mature schizonts, were all seen in the glands with merozoites budding off from a residual body. By 60 h, second-generation, sausage-shaped schizonts containing up to 12 merozoites were observed around a residual body in the villar tip of invaded enterocytes. At 72 and 96 h, profuse schizogony associated with third- and fourth-generation schizonts was observed throughout the villus. At 120 h, another generation (fifth) of schizonts were seen in villar tips as well as in subepithelium where gamonts and oocysts were also present; a few gamonts were in epithelium. Our finding of maximum parasitization of E. maxima in jejunum is important because this region is critical for nutrient absorption and weight gain", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": "n. Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Viral load and physical status of human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 in cervical samples from female sex workers infected with HPV 18 in Burkina Faso.Viral DNA load and physical status might be predictive of either high-grade cervical lesions or disease progression among women infected by human papillomavirus (HPV) 16, but these virological markers have rarely been studied in HPV 18 infections. The relationships between HPV 18 DNA load, viral genome physical status and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions were analyzed among female sex workers infected with HPV18 in Burkina Faso. HPV 18 E2 and E6 genes were quantitated by real-time PCR. Among 21 women infected with HPV 18, 67% of whom were HIV-1-seropositive, 11 (52.4%) had a normal cytology, 8 (38.1%) had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and 2 (9.5%) had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Total viral load and integrated viral load were higher in women with squamous intraepithelial lesions than in women with normal cytology (P = 0.01 for both parameters). Total viral load and integrated viral load were higher in HIV-1-seropositive women than in those who were not infected with HIV (P = 0.01, and P, 0.01, respectively). Total viral load or integrated viral load >1,000 copies/ng of DNA were more frequent in women with squamous intraepithelial lesions than in women with normal cytology (7/10 vs. 1/11; P = 0.007) and in HIV-1-seropositive women (8/14 vs. 0/7 in HIV-uninfected women; P = 0.02). Both HPV 18 DNA and integrated DNA loads might represent markers of cervical lesions. Prospective evaluations are needed to establish the value of these parameters to predict high-grade lesion or lesion progressi", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Relative fitness can decrease in evolving asexual populations of S. cerevisiae.It is generally accepted from the darwinian theory of evolution that a progressive increase in population adaptation will occur in populations containing genetic variation in fitness, until a stable equilibrium is reached and/or the additive genetic variation is exhausted. However, the theoretical literature of population genetics documents exceptions where mean population fitness may decrease in response to evolutionary changes in gene frequency, due to varying selective coefficients, sexual selection or to epistatic interactions between loci. Until now, no examples of such exceptions have been documented from fitness estimates in either natural or experimental populations. We present here direct evidence that, as a result of epistatic interactions between adaptive mutations, mean population fitness can decrease in asexual evolving populations of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Mixed-model reanalysis of primate data suggests tissue and species biases in oligonucleotide-based gene expression profiles.An emerging issue in evolutionary genetics is whether it is possible to use gene expression profiling to identify genes that are associated with morphological, physiological, or behavioral divergence between species and whether these genes have undergone positive selection. Some of these questions were addressed in a recent study (Enard et al. 2002) of the difference in gene expression among human, chimp, and orangutan, which suggested an accelerated rate of divergence in gene expression in the human brain relative to liver. Reanalysis of the Affymetrix data set using analysis of variance methods to quantify the contributions of individuals and species to variation in expression of 12,600 genes indicates that as much as one-quarter of the genome shows divergent expression between primate species at the 5% level. The magnitude of fold change ranges from 1.2-fold up to 8-fold. Similar conclusions apply to reanalysis of Enard et al. 2002 parallel murine data set. However, biases inherent to short oligonucleotide microarray technology may account for some of the tissue and species effects. At high significance levels, more differences were observed in the liver than in the brain in each of the pairwise species comparisons, so it is not clear that expression divergence is accelerated in the human brain. Further, there is an apparent bias toward upregulation of gene expression in the brain in both primates and mice, whereas genes are equally likely to be up- or downregulated in the liver when these species diverge. A small subset of genes that are candidates for adaptive divergence may be identified on the basis of a high ratio of interspecific to intraspecific divergence", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The role of the attention focus in the visual information processing underlying saccadic adaptation.Three experiments were performed to determine how an error signal for driving saccadic adaptation is derived from visual information processing. The first experiment demonstrated that an intrasaccadic displacement of a visual background does not influence saccadic adaptation when a small foveal target is used. The second experiment showed that when a different type of target, a 4.8 deg annulus, is used an intrasaccadic background shift influences the adaptive process. The third experiment showed that the size of the saccade target determines the size of the attention focus around the time of a saccade. These findings suggest that the attention focus selects the visual information used for a trans-saccadic comparison in order to generate the error signal", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Influence of the energetic state of rat liver mitochondria on the sensitivity of the phosphate carrier towards SH reagents.Phosphate transport into rat liver mitochondria was measured by the swelling technique in 0.1 M ammonium phosphate. Energized or non-energized mitochondria were preincubated with different thiol reagents and evidence is given that with a slow-reacting thiol reagent, ethacrynate, the inactivation of the phosphate carrier is obtained when mitochondria are energized, while poor or no inactivation occurs when mitochondria are non-energized or preincubated with Pi. Moreover, the inactivation depends on the presence of Mg2+ and on the nature of the substrate. Some comparative essays were done using N-ethylmaleimide as a thiol reagent, but no energy-linked variation of N-ethylmaleimide inhibition on phosphate transport was obtained. Taking into account the fact that both thiol-reagents incorporation into rat liver mitochondria is sitmulated by the presence of substrate, the different behaviour of these two thiol-reagents towards Pi transport is discussed on the basis of their different reactivity with SH groups", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Effect of yoga combined with aerobic exercise intervention on morphological and blood lipid indicators in female college students.BACKGROUND: Regular aerobic exercise can effectively increase microvascular function in skeletal muscle and promote the oxidation of fatty acids. However, whether the effect of aerobic exercise intervention is affected by fat content is worth of further exploration. In this study, by means of yoga combined with exercise, the authors explored the effect of aerobic exercise on morphology and blood lipids in female college students.METHODS: A total of 81 female college students who voluntarily participated in this study were enrolled by Body Mass Index (BMI) obtained from the physical examination when entering the school. The participants were assigned to normal (BMI: 20.98\u00b11.52 kg/m2, N.=29), overweight (BMI: 25.57\u00b11.34 kg/m2, N.=27), and obesity (BMI: 28.46\u00b12.36 kg/m2, N.=25) groups by BMI, and all of them completed a 12-week Yoga combined with aerobic exercise training program. Relevant morphological such as body weight, body height, waist circumference, hip circumference, etc. and blood lipid indicators such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were measured before and after training. One-way ANVOA, paired-sample t-test were used in this study.RESULTS: After training program, the results indicated that: 1) the hip, body weight, BMI and body fat percentage in all three groups significantly decreased; 2) waist circumference in normal and obesity groups had a significant change than that in overweight group, hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in overweight group were better than those in normal and overweight groups; the decrease in BMI in overweight and obesity groups was significantly greater than that in normal group, and the weight loss and decreased body fat percentage in obesity group were the highest, followed by overweight group, and the smallest in normal group; 3) in all three groups, HDL-C significantly increased, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C significantly decreased, TC and TG significantly decreased in obesity group; and 4) TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C in obesity group were significantly higher than those in normal and overweight groups, while change in TC and TG were the highest in obesity group, the second the overweight group, and the lowest in normal group.CONCLUSIONS: Twelve-week yoga combined with aerobic exercise training has a significant positive effect on morphological and blood lipid indicators in female college students. The yoga combined with aerobic exercise training can be recommended for young women with overweight and obesity population", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The effect of adult participation in a school-based family intervention to improve Children's diet and physical activity: the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health.UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND. There are strong theoretical reasons for including a family component with a school-based intervention aimed at eating, activity, and smoking behaviors, but the empirical findings to date are limited and show mixed results. The overall CATCH family intervention added only knowledge and attitudinal effects, but no additional behavioral outcomes. This study provides a dose analysis of the family component of the CATCH study by assessing the effect of the level of adult participation.METHOD: This secondary analysis included students who attended a CATCH family intervention school during all 3 years of the study. The extent of the adult-child interaction, the key aspect of the CATCH family intervention, was measured by the number of activity packets that an adult household member completed with the child. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the association of adult participation with the child's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to diet and physical activity.RESULTS: Statistically significant results suggested that dose effects were found for knowledge and attitudes related to diet and physical activity. These effects were more pronounced for minority and male students.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that dose response of a family intervention has been shown in the acquisition of positive knowledge and attitudes toward health habit changes. The methodology of dose response can be applied to other health promotion projects", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Adherence to waiting-time targets for pediatric nephrology clinic referrals.Waiting times for specialist consultation have not been adequately studied, especially in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which pediatric nephrology subspecialty clinic referral waiting times are adhered to with regard to previously determined access targets. Referrals to the pediatric nephrology clinics at Children's Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada, received between October 2007 and November 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Appointment schedule was allotted by a nephrologist based on the patient's presenting complaint, reported in the referral, in accordance with the previously determined access targets. Adherence to access targets was assessed by the actual clinic visit. There were a total of 250 referrals during the timeframe studied. The median waiting time was 73 (range 0-193) days. Overall, 64% (159/250) of patients met their access target. The median time that patients waited over their access target was 6 (range 0-78) days. Of the patients who did not meet their access targets, 31% (28/91) exceeded their target by 20% or more. Office handling was a component for patients with access target <1 week, whereas availability of clinic space was the main reason for nonadherence to access targets", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Migration of endophytic diazotroph Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 inside wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and its effect on microRNAs.Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571, a novel rhizobium, forms endosymbionts with its nature host Sesbania rostrata, a semi-aquatic leguminous tree. Recent studies showed that A. caulinodans ORS571, as endophytic rhizobium, disseminated and colonized inside of cereal plants. However, how this rhizobium infects monocot plants and the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional levels. In this study, we employed laser scanning confocal microscope to monitor the pathway that rhizobium invade wheat; we also investigated the potential role of miRNAs during A. caulinodans ORS571 infecting wheat. Our results showed that gfp-labeled A. caulinodans ORS571 infected wheat root hairs and emerged lateral roots, then disseminated and colonized within roots and migrated to other plant tissues, such as stems and leaves. Endophytic rhizobium induced the aberrant expression of miRNAs in wheat with a tissue- and time-dependent manner with a peak at 12-24\u00a0h after rhizobium infection. Some miRNAs, such as miR167 and miR393 responded more in roots than that in shoots. In contrast, miR171 responded higher in shoots than that in roots. These results suggested that miRNAs could be responsive to A. caulinodans ORS571 infection and played important role in plant growth, nutrient metabolisms, and wheat-rhizobium interactions", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Peptide-Membrane Interactions Affect the Inhibitory Potency and Selectivity of Spider Toxins ProTx-II and GpTx-1.Gating modifier toxins (GMTs) from spider venom can inhibit voltage gated sodium channels (NaVs) involved in pain signal transmission, including the NaV1.7 subtype. GMTs have a conserved amphipathic structure that allow them to interact with membranes and also with charged residues in regions of NaV that are exposed at the cell surface. ProTx-II and GpTx-1 are GMTs able to inhibit NaV1.7 with high potency, but they differ in their ability to bind to membranes and in their selectivity over other NaV subtypes. To explore these differences and gain detailed information on their membrane-binding ability and how this relates to potency and selectivity, we examined previously described NaV1.7 potent/selective GpTx-1 analogues and new ProTx-II analogues designed to reduce membrane binding and improve selectivity for NaV1.7. Our studies reveal that the number and type of hydrophobic residues as well as how they are presented at the surface determine the affinity of ProTx-II and GpTx-1 for membranes and that altering these residues can have dramatic effects on NaV inhibitory activity. We demonstrate that strong peptide-membrane interactions are not essential for inhibiting NaV1.7 and propose that hydrophobic interactions instead play an important role in positioning the GMT at the membrane surface proximal to exposed NaV residues, thereby affecting peptide-channel interactions. Our detailed structure-activity relationship study highlights the challenges of designing GMT-based molecules that simultaneously achieve high potency and selectivity for NaV1.7, as single mutations can induce local changes in GMT structure that can have a major impact on NaV-inhibitory activity", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Psychotherapy and the aged.Psychotherapy for ageing or old people is defined and described, and certain theoretical and practical aspects are dealt with. Special emphasis is laid on the direction and movement of a series of therapeutic encounters, so as to make clear, even to the non-specialist reader, what the patient might expect to gain from these", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Capacitative Ca2+ entry contributes to the Ca2+ influx induced by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in GH3 pituitary cells.Treatment of GH3 cells with either hypothalamic peptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), the endomembrane Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin or the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin mobilized, with different kinetics, essentially all of the Ca2+ pool from the intracellular Ca2+ stores. Any of the above- described treatments induced a sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), which was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and was prevented by Ni2+ but not by dihydropyridines (DHPs), suggesting that it was due to capacitative Ca2+ entry via activation of a plasma membrane pathway which opened upon the emptying of the intracellular Ca2+ stores. The increase of the plasma membrane permeability to Ca2+ correlated negatively with the filling degree of the intracellular Ca2+ stores and was reversed by refilling of the stores. The mechanism of capacitative Ca2+ entry into GH3 cells differed from similar mechanisms described in several types of blood cells in that the pathway was poorly permeable to Mn2+ and not sensitive to cytochrome P450 inhibitors. In GH3 cells, TRH induced a transient [Ca2+]i increase due to Ca2+ release from the stores (phase 1) followed by a sustained [Ca2+]i increase due to Ca2+ entry (phase 2). At the single-cell level, phase 2 was composed of a DHP-insensitive sustained [Ca2+]i increase, due to activation of capacitative Ca2+ entry, superimposed upon which DHP- sensitive [Ca2+]i oscillations took place. The two components of the TRH-induced Ca2+ entry differed also in that [Ca2+]i oscillations remained for several minutes after TRH removal, whereas the sustained [Ca2+]i increase dropped quickly to prestimulatory levels, following the same time course as the refilling of the stores. The drop was prevented when the refilling was inhibited by thapsigargin. It is concluded that, even though the mechanisms of capacitative Ca2+ entry may show differences from cell to cell, it is also present and may contribute to the regulation of physiological functions in excitable cells such as GH3. There, capacitative Ca2+ entry cooperates with voltage-gated Ca2+ channels to generate the [Ca2+]i increase seen during phase 2 of TRH action. This contribution of capacitative Ca2+ entry may be relevant to the enhancement of prolactin secretion induced by TRH", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Organisms", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The Cost of Asthma Treatment in Phramongkutlao Hospital: Population-Based Study in Adults.BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects patients' quality of life and work performance. The cost of asthma treatment is a global economic burden. The costs include the direct medical costs and the indirect costs, such as the loss of productivity, which is difficult to quantify.OBJECTIVE: Analyze the cost of asthma treatment in Thailand.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Seventy-four asthmatic patients who had exacerbation were enrolled in the present study. Self-answer questionnaires were completed by the subjects including characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and level of asthma control by asthma control test (ACT) score. We evaluated the cost of asthma treatment calculated from direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect medical costs.RESULTS: The average total cost per month was 2,752 Thai baht (US$ 86). The direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect medical costs were 52.39%, 20.73%, and 26.88%, respectively. The direct medical costs accounted for quick-relief medications 11.91% and control medications 36.85% of the total medical cost. Loss of productivity, loss of work caused by asthma exacerbation, was the majority cost of non-medical costs. The average cost of treatment in uncontrolled was higher than partly controlled asthmatic patients but without significant difference. Healthcare payment system and age range affected the total costs of asthma treatment.CONCLUSION: The direct non-medical costs and indirect medical costs tend to play an important role of asthma treatment. The data suggested that cost savings could be achieved by improving asthma control", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Accumulation of terpenoid phytoalexins in maize roots is associated with drought tolerance.Maize (Zea mays) production, which is of global agro-economic importance, is largely limited by herbivore pests, pathogens and environmental conditions, such as drought. Zealexins and kauralexins belong to two recently identified families of acidic terpenoid phytoalexins in maize that mediate defence against both pathogen and insect attacks in aboveground tissues. However, little is known about their function in belowground organs and their potential to counter abiotic stress. In this study, we show that zealexins and kauralexins accumulate in roots in response to both biotic and abiotic stress including, Diabrotica balteata herbivory, Fusarium verticillioides infection, drought and high salinity. We find that the quantity of drought-induced phytoalexins is positively correlated with the root-to-shoot ratio of different maize varieties, and further demonstrate that mutant an2 plants deficient in kauralexin production are more sensitive to drought. The induction of phytoalexins in response to drought is root specific and does not influence phytoalexin levels aboveground; however, the accumulation of phytoalexins in one tissue may influence the induction capacity of other tissues", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Flow-induced protein kinase A-CREB pathway acts via BMP signaling to promote HSC emergence.Fluid shear stress promotes the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) of the developing mouse embryo. We determined that the AGM is enriched for expression of targets of protein kinase A (PKA)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a pathway activated by fluid shear stress. By analyzing CREB genomic occupancy from chromatin-immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data, we identified the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway as a potential regulator of CREB. By chemical modulation of the PKA-CREB and BMP pathways in isolated AGM VE-cadherin(+) cells from mid-gestation embryos, we demonstrate that PKA-CREB regulates hematopoietic engraftment and clonogenicity of hematopoietic progenitors, and is dependent on secreted BMP ligands through the type I BMP receptor. Finally, we observed blunting of this signaling axis using Ncx1-null embryos, which lack a heartbeat and intravascular flow. Collectively, we have identified a novel PKA-CREB-BMP signaling pathway downstream of shear stress that regulates HSC emergence in the AGM via the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Possibilities of an open magnetic resonance scanner integration in therapy simulation and three-dimensional radiotherapy planning].PURPOSE: A system for digital integration of an open MR scanner (0.23 T, Figure 1) in therapy simulation and 3D radiation treatment planning is described.METHOD: MR images were acquired using the body coil and various positioning and immobilization aids. A gradient echo sequence (TR/TE 320 ms/24 ms) was used to create axial and coronal data sets. Image distortions were measured and corrected using phantom measurements (Figure 2) and specially developed software.RESULTS: Maximal and mean distortions of the MR images could be reduced from 19 mm to 8.2 mm and from 2.7 mm to 0.7 mm, respectively (Figure 3 to 5, Table 1). Coronal MR images were recalculated in fan beam projection for use at the therapy simulator. Tumor and organ contours were transferred from the MR image to the digitally acquired and corrected simulator image using a landmark matching algorithm (Figure 6 and 7). For 3D treatment planning, image fusion of axial MR images with standard CT planning images was performed using a landmark matching algorithm, as well (Figure 8). Representative cases are shown to demonstrate potential applications of the system.CONCLUSION: The described system enables the integration of the imaging information from an open MR system in therapy simulation and 3D treatment planning. The low-field MR scanner is an attractive adjunct for the radio-oncologist because of the open design and the low costs", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Parental history of diabetes modifies the association between abdominal adiposity and hyperglycemia.OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the association between abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia differs according to the presence of a parental history of diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3,068 men and women, aged 20-65 years, without known diabetes who were fasting participants of a population-based study in three Dutch towns. Hyperglycemia was defined as a fasting plasma glucose concentration of 6.1 mmol/l (American Diabetes Association criterion). Waist circumference was categorized according to previously defined waist action levels. All estimates were adjusted for age and town.RESULTS: The regression coefficients for the association between waist circumference and fasting plasma glucose were larger in participants who had a parental history of diabetes than in those who did not (men beta = 0.31 vs. 0.16 mmol/SD, P [for interaction] = 0.003; women beta = 0.24 vs. 0.11 mmol/SD, P = 0.002). Furthermore, larger waist circumference (men > or = 94 vs. < 94 cm, women > or = 88 vs. < 80 cm) was associated with a greater excess prevalence of hyperglycemia in participants who had a parental history of diabetes than in those who did not (men 12.4 vs. 2.0%, P = 0.03; women 13.6 vs. 5.9%, P = 0.05). Adjustment for physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, and educational level did not materially change the results.CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the association between abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia is stronger in the presence of a parental history of diabetes. Blood glucose screening may be warranted at lower levels of waist circumference in individuals with a parental history of diabetes", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Jejunal Perforation From Blunt Abdominal Trauma by an End Zone Pylon in a Division I Football Player.This case highlights the importance of vigilant clinical suspicion in diagnosing abdominal perforation. Intra-abdominal injury can be difficult to identify during competition, and timely diagnosis of jejunal perforation is difficult because of initially subtle clinical findings that gradually progress over time. Identifying intra-abdominal injuries early can improve the outcome of the patient. In-game evaluation did not identify this injury. The athlete completed the game, and the injury was ultimately identified with peritoneal signs and a negative Carnett sign, making abdominal wall injury less likely. The athlete underwent surgical repair of the perforation without complication and has since returned to full activity. It is important to maintain a high index of suspicion and to be observant with serial examinations, advanced abdominal examination maneuvers, and to have a broad differential diagnosis in the case of significant impact to the abdomen during athletics", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Transthyretin Amyloidosis: Chaperone Concentration Changes and Increased Proteolysis in the Pathway to Disease.Transthyretin amyloidosis is a conformational pathology characterized by the extracellular formation of amyloid deposits and the progressive impairment of the peripheral nervous system. Point mutations in this tetrameric plasma protein decrease its stability and are linked to disease onset and progression. Since non-mutated transthyretin also forms amyloid in systemic senile amyloidosis and some mutation bearers are asymptomatic throughout their lives, non-genetic factors must also be involved in transthyretin amyloidosis. We discovered, using a differential proteomics approach, that extracellular chaperones such as fibrinogen, clusterin, haptoglobin, alpha-1-anti-trypsin and 2-macroglobulin are overrepresented in transthyretin amyloidosis. Our data shows that a complex network of extracellular chaperones are over represented in human plasma and we speculate that they act synergistically to cope with amyloid prone proteins. Proteostasis may thus be as important as point mutations in transthyretin amyloidosis", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Putting veterans with heart failure FIRST improves follow-up and reduces readmissions.Background: Despite improvements in length of stay and mortality, congestive heart failure (CHF) remains the most common cause of 30-day readmissions to the hospital. Though multiple studies have found that early follow-up after discharge (eg, within 7\u2009days) is critical to improving 30-day readmissions, implementation strategies are challenging in resource-limited settings. Here we present a quality improvement initiative aimed at improving early follow-up while maximising available resources.Methods: This was a medical resident-driven initiative. A process map of the discharge and follow-up appointment process was created that identified multiple areas for improvement. Based on these findings, a two-part intervention was implemented. First, heart failure discharge education with focus on early follow-up was disseminated to providers throughout the internal medicine department. Subsequently, improved identification of high-risk patients (Failure Intervention Risk StratificationTool) and innovative use of the existing electronic medical record (EMR) were employed to sustain and improve on gains from the first set of interventions.Results: We increased our 7-day follow-up rate from 47% to 57% (p=0.429) and decreased the average time to follow-up from 17.6 days to 8.7 days (p=0.016) following the first intervention. The percentage of patients readmitted within 30 days after discharge at baseline (2012-2013) and following the first intervention (education and standardisation of follow-up scheduling) and second intervention (risk stratification, intensive follow-up and EMR change) was 25% and 21%, respectively. Thirty-day mortality rate decreased from 10% in 2011 to 7.16% in December 2015.Conclusion: Close hospital discharge follow-up and identification of high-risk patients with CHF are useful approaches to reduce readmissions. Using the existing EMR tool for identifying high-risk patients and improving adherence to best practices is an effective intervention. In patients with CHF these strategies improved time to follow-up and 30-day readmissions while decreasing mortality", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Cold-season disasters on the Eurasian steppes: Climate-driven or man-made.Socio-ecological damage from climate-related disasters has increased worldwide, including a type of cold-season disaster (dzud) that is unique to the Eurasian steppes, notably Mongolia. During 2000-2014, dzuds killed approximately 30 million livestock and impacted the Mongolian socio-economy. The contributions of both natural and social processes to livestock mortality were not previously considered across Mongolia. Here, we consider the contribution of both multiple climate hazards (drought, cold temperatures and snow), and socioeconomic vulnerability (herders' livestock and coping-capacity) to mortality risk. We performed multi-regression analyses for each province using meteorological, livestock and socioeconomic datasets. Our results show that 93.5% of mortality within Mongolia was caused by a combination of multi-hazards (47.3%) and vulnerability (46.2%), suggesting dzuds were both climate- and man-made. However, in high-mortality hotspots, mortality was primarily caused by multi-hazards (drought-induced pasture deficiency and deep-snow). Livestock overpopulation and a lack of coping capacities that caused inadequate preparedness (e.g., hay/forage) were the main vulnerability factors. Frequent and severe multi-hazards greatly increased the mortality risk, while increased vulnerability caused by socioeconomic changes in Mongolia since the 1990s tended to amplify the effects of multi-hazards. Thus, reductions in herder vulnerability within high-mortality hotspots would likely be an effective means of mitigating the risk of future dzuds", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Cholesterol homeostasis in T cells. Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment results in equal loss of cholesterol from Triton X-100 soluble and insoluble fractions.Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD) is frequently used to acutely deplete cells of cholesterol. A widespread assumption is that MBCD preferentially targets cholesterol in lipid rafts and that sensitivity to MBCD is proof of lipid raft involvement in a cellular process. To analyse any MBCD preference systematically, progressive cholesterol depletion of Jurkat T cells was performed using MBCD and [3H]-cholesterol. It was found that at 37 degrees C, MBCD extracts similar proportions of cholesterol from the Triton X-100 resistant (lipid raft enriched) as it does from other cellular fractions and that the cells rapidly reestablish the relative differences in cholesterol concentration between different compartments. Moreover, cells restore the cholesterol level in the plasma membrane by mobilising cholesterol from intracellular cholesterol stores. Interestingly, mere incubation at 0 degrees C caused a loss of plasma membrane cholesterol with a concomitant increase in cholesteryl esters and adiposomes. Moreover, only 35% of total cholesterol could be extracted by MBCD at 0 degrees C and was accompanied by a complete loss of plasma membrane and endocytotic recycling centre filipin staining. This study clearly shows that MBCD does not specifically extract cholesterol from any cellular fraction, that cholesterol redistributes upon temperature changes and that intracellular cholesterol stores can be used to replenish plasma membrane cholesterol", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Direct and indirect costs attributable to osteoarthritis in active subjects.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the direct and indirect costs of osteoarthritis (OA) in an active population, and to identify factors significantly influencing these expenditures.METHODS: A cohort of 3,440 subjects employed by the Li?ge City Council was followed prospectively for 6 months. Subjects were asked to report monthly OA related health resource utilization (contacts with health professionals, medical examinations, drug consumption, etc.) and absence from work. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) was evaluated at baseline using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-form 36 (SF-36). Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with the probability that the individual incurred costs, and multiple regression identified factors influencing the magnitude of these costs.RESULTS: A total of 1,811 subjects filled in at least one questionnaire (response rate 52%). The mean duration of followup was 3.46 months. Self-reported prevalence of OA was 34.1%. The mean total direct costs were 44.5 euros per OA patient-month. Contacts with health professionals, medical examinations, drugs, and hospital stays accounted for 23.7 euros, 8.7 euros, 6.7 euros, and 4.9 euros, respectively, per OA patient-month. The average number of sick-leave days was 0.8 per OA patient-month. From a payer's perspective, this loss of productivity represented a mean cost of 64.5 euros per OA patient-month. We also recorded 0.02 mean days off work per active subject-month due to informal care by relatives, yielding a mean cost of 1.8 euro per active subject-month for the employer. Poorer scores for most of the dimensions of the SF-36 at baseline were significantly associated with greater likelihood of incurring direct and indirect costs and with higher costs among subjects who reported costs. If we consider the overall cohort of active subjects, the burden of OA related to the direct and indirect costs was 15.2 euros and 23.8 euros, respectively, per active subject-month.CONCLUSION: Direct and indirect costs attributable to OA are substantial, with productivity related costs being predominant. Poorer HRQOL was a major determinant of these expenditures", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Import of an incompletely folded precursor protein into isolated mitochondria requires an energized inner membrane, but no added ATP.We have studied the post-translational import of incomplete precursor chains into isolated yeast mitochondria. The precursor was a fusion protein containing a mitochondrial presequence attached to mouse dihydrofolate reductase. In vitro-synthesis of the precursor was interrupted by the elongation inhibitor cycloheximide and the arrested nascent chains cosedimenting with ribosomes were released by EDTA. These incomplete chains were efficiently imported by isolated yeast mitochondria; their import resembled that of the complete precursor in requiring an energized inner membrane and a mitochondrial presequence. It differed from that of the completed precursor in its resistance to methotrexate (which only binds to correctly folded dihydrofolate reductase) and its independence of added ATP. The incomplete chains were also more sensitive to proteinase K than the completed precursor. We conclude that the incomplete chains were incompletely folded and suggest that the lack of tight folding caused import into mitochondria to become independent of added ATP. This implies that ATP may participate, directly or indirectly, in the unfolding of the precursor for its transport into mitochondria", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Streptomyces globosus DK15 and Streptomyces ederensis ST13 as new producers of factumycin and tetrangomycin antibiotics.Fifty seven soil-borne actinomycete strains were assessed for the antibiotic production. Two of the most active isolates, designed as Streptomyces ST-13 and DK-15 exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity and therefore they were selected for HPLC fractionation against the most suppressed bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ST-13) and Chromobacterium violaceum (DK-15). LC/MS analysis of extracts showed the presence of polyketides factumycin (DK15) and tetrangomycin (ST13). The taxonomic position of the antibiotic-producing actinomycetes was determined using a polyphasic approach. Phenotypic characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the isolates matched those described for members of the genus Streptomyces. DK-15 strain exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Streptomyces globosus DSM-40815 (T) and Streptomyces toxytricini DSM-40178 (T) and ST-13 strain to Streptomyces ederensis DSM-40741 (T) and Streptomyces phaeochromogenes DSM-40073 (T). For the proper identification, MALDI-TOF/MS profile of whole-cell proteins led to the identification of S. globosus DK-15 (accession number: KX527570) and S. ederensis ST13 (accession number: KX527568). To our knowledge, there is no report about the production of these antibiotics by S.globosus and S. ederensis, thus isolates DK15 and ST13 identified as S. globosus DK-15 and S.ederensis ST-13 can be considered as new sources of these unique antibacterial metabolites", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Exploratory factor analysis: health perceptions of Chinese early childhood educators in Hong Kong.The aim of this study was to explore health perceptions of preschool teachers, with a view to inform early childhood practices and teacher education. Pre-service student-teachers and in-service teachers (n = 200) who were voluntarily recruited completed a 24-item health attitude questionnaire. Factor analysis identified four dimensions of health attitudes, reflecting physical, psychosocial, mental and emotional domains. Inter-correlations among the factors suggested that early childhood educators in Hong Kong embrace a holistic view of health, although they consider physical and emotional health as more salient than the psychosocial and mental health dimensions. In comparisons of the perceptions of in-service teachers and student-teachers, students placed less emphasis on psychosocial health, but teachers placed more emphasis on physical health. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for designing health education programmes for preschool teacher education", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "An evaluation of a new test of reactive agility and its relationship to sprint speed and change of direction speed.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a new test of agility, the reactive agility test (RAT), which included anticipation and decision-making components in response to the movements of a tester. Thirty-eight Australian football players took part in the study, categorized into either a higher performance group (HPG) (n=24) or lower performance group (LPG) (n=14) based on playing level from the previous season. All participants undertook testing of a 10m straight sprint (10mSS), a 8-9m change of direction speed test (CODST), and the RAT. Test-retest and inter-tester reliability testing measures were conducted with the LPG. The intra-class correlation (ICC) of the RAT was 0.870, with no significant (p<0.05) difference between the test results obtained on the first and second test sessions using a t-test. A dependent samples t-test revealed no significant (p<0.05) difference between the test results of two different testers with the same population. The HPG were significantly (p=0.001) superior to those of the LPG on the RAT, with no differences observed on any other variable. The RAT is an acceptably reliable test when considering both test-retest reliability, as well as inter-rater reliability. In addition, the test was valid in distinguishing between players of differing performance level in Australian football, while the 10mSS and CODST were not. This result suggests that traditional closed skill sprint and sprint with direction change tests may not adequately distinguish between players of different levels of competition in Australian football", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Four new species of Cichlidogyrus (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae) from Sarotherodon mvogoi and Tylochromis sudanensis (Teleostei, Cichlidae) in Cameroon.The four Cichlidogyrus species (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae) found on the gills of Sarotherodon mvogoi and Tylochromis sudanensis (Teleostei, Cichlidae) in Cameroon are considered new and are described herein. Cichlidogyrus mvogoi n. sp. from Sarotherodon mvogoi, characterised by a long (> 100 \u00b5m), thin and spirally coiled penis and a short marginal hook pair I. Cichlidogyrus sigmocirrus n. sp. from Tylochromis sudanensis, characterised by a short marginal hook pair I, a slightly spirally coiled penis with reduced heel, an accessory piece being a spirally coiled band wrapped round the penis and attached to the penis basal bulb by a very thin filament. Cichlidogyrus chrysopiformis n. sp. from Tylochromis sudanensis, characterised by an marginal hook pair I of medium size, a thin spirally coiled penis (1.5 turn) with a developed flared heel, an accessory piece being a large gutter shaped band, ending in a narrow complex extremity, and linked to the basal bulb of the penis by a very thin filament, a short, straight and slightly ringed vagina. Cichlidogyrus djietoi n. sp. from Tylochromis sudanensis, characterised by a slightly spirally coiled penis (2 turns) with developed heel, an accessory piece being a large gutter shaped band, ending in a narrow folded back extremity, a short funnel shaped vagina. The three latter species are also remarkable by the morphology of their auricles implanted on the anterior side of the dorsal transverse bar which make them (together with the other species described from Tylochromis hosts) a homogeneous and original group within Cichlidogyrus, this distinctive feature seems to be ancestral compared to other Cichlidogyrus species", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Physician-led, hospital-linked, birth care centers can decrease cesarean section rates without increasing rates of adverse events.BACKGROUND: This study compares outcomes at a hospital-linked, physician-led, birthing center to a traditional hospital labor and delivery service.METHODS: Using de-identified electronic medical records, a retrospective cohort design was employed to evaluate 32,174 singleton births during 1998-2005.RESULTS: Compared with hospital service, birth care center delivery was associated with a lower rate of cesarean sections (adjusted Relative Risk = 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.59-0.91; p < 0.001) without an increased rate of operative vaginal delivery (adjusted Relative Risk = 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.97-1.13; p = 0.25) and a higher initiation of breastfeeding (adjusted Relative Risk = 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.25-1.30; p ? 0.001). A maternal length of stay greater than 72 hours occurred less frequently in the birth care center (adjusted Relative Risk = 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.66; p < 0.001). Comparing only women without major obstetrical risk factors, the differences in outcomes were reduced but not eliminated. Adverse maternal and infant outcomes were not increased at the birth care center.CONCLUSION: A hospital-linked, physician-led, birth care center has the potential to lower rates of cesarean sections without increasing rates of operative vaginal delivery or other adverse maternal and infant outcomes", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Antifungal and Herbicidal Effects of Fruit Essential Oils of Four Myrtus communis Genotypes.The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the fruits of four selected Myrtus communis L. genotypes from Turkey was characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. 1,8-Cineole (29.20-31.40%), linalool (15.67-19.13%), \u00e1-terpineol (8.40-18.43%), \u00e1-pinene (6.04-20.71%), and geranyl acetate (3.98-7.54%) were found to be the major constituents of the fruit essential oils of all M. communis genotypes investigated. The oils were characterized by high amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes, representing 73.02-83.83% of the total oil compositions. The results of the fungal growth inhibition assays showed that the oils inhibited the growth of 19 phytopathogenic fungi. However, their antifungal activity was generally lower than that of the commercial pesticide benomyl. The herbicidal effects of the oils on the seed germination and seedling growth of Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Lactuca serriola L., and Rumex crispus L. were also determined. The oils completely or partly inhibited the seed germinations and seedling growths of the plants. The findings of the present study suggest that the M. communis essential oils might have potential to be used as natural herbicides as well as fungicides", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Association of allostatic load with health-related quality of life in patients with arterial hypertension: a cross-sectional analysis.AIMS OF THE STUDY: Allostatic load (AL), as a marker of cumulative stress, is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, and reduced health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in healthy adults. In patients with hypertension, AL and its association with HrQoL have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) explore AL in a cohort of hypertensive patients and to (2) determine its association with HrQoL, while controlling for other health-related variables.METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the Styrian Hypertension Study were analysed and included 126 participants (50% female) with a history of arterial hypertension; the mean age was 60.9 years (standard deviation 9.9). AL was derived from a set of 10 biomarkers including neurophysiological, neuroendocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular and inflammatory parameters. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was administered for assessment of HrQoL. Additional health-related variables included sociodemographic data, lifestyle factors and comorbidities.RESULTS: Calculation of AL resulted in sum scores based on 10 binary variables, which were used to categorise patients as either “low AL” (<3) or “high AL” (≥3). Multivariate adjusted analyses revealed that higher AL was associated with better HrQoL with regard to the mental health domain F(1,1243) = 7.017; p = 0.009). All other components of HrQoL were not related to AL.CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to results in healthy populations, we found a positive association between AL and the mental health domain of HrQoL. This finding suggests a specific coping pattern among a subgroup of hypertensive patients, possibly influencing their clinical management and outcome", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Molecular characterization of human coronaviruses and their circulation dynamics in Kenya, 2009-2012.BACKGROUND: Human Coronaviruses (HCoV) are a common cause of respiratory illnesses and are responsible for considerable morbidity and hospitalization across all age groups especially in individuals with compromised immunity. There are six known species of HCoV: HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, MERS-CoV and SARS-HCoV. Although studies have shown evidence of global distribution of HCoVs, there is limited information on their presence and distribution in Kenya.METHODS: HCoV strains that circulated in Kenya were retrospectively diagnosed and molecularly characterized. A total of 417 nasopharyngeal specimens obtained between January 2009 and December 2012 from around Kenya were analyzed by a real time RT-PCR using HCoV-specific primers. HCoV-positive specimens were subsequently inoculated onto monolayers of LL-CMK2 cells. The isolated viruses were characterized by RT-PCR amplification and sequencing of the partial polymerase (pol) gene.RESULTS: The prevalence of HCoV infection was as follows: out of the 417 specimens, 35 (8.4 %) were positive for HCoV, comprising 10 (2.4 %) HCoV-NL63, 12 (2.9 %) HCoV-OC43, 9 (2.1 %) HCoV-HKU1, and 4 (1 %) HCoV-229E. The Kenyan HCoV strains displayed high sequence homology to the prototypes and contemporaneous strains. Evolution analysis showed that the Kenyan HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63 isolates were under purifying selection. Phylogenetic evolutionary analyses confirmed the identities of three HCoV-HKU1, five HCoV-NL63, eight HCoV-OC43 and three HCoV-229E.CONCLUSIONS: There were yearly variations in the prevalence and circulation patterns of individual HCoVs in Kenya. This paper reports on the first molecular characterization of human Coronaviruses in Kenya, which play an important role in causing acute respiratory infections among children", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Pollen tube growth and guidance is regulated by POP2, an Arabidopsis gene that controls GABA levels.During angiosperm reproduction, pollen grains form a tube that navigates through female tissues to the micropyle, delivering sperm to the egg; the signals that mediate this process are poorly understood. Here, we describe a role for gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) in pollen tube growth and guidance. In vitro, GABA stimulates pollen tube growth, although vast excesses are inhibitory. The Arabidopsis POP2 gene encodes a transaminase that degrades GABA and contributes to the formation of a gradient leading up to the micropyle. pop2 flowers accumulate GABA, and the growth of many pop2 pollen tubes is arrested, consistent with their in vitro GABA hypersensitivity. Some pop2 tubes continue to grow toward ovules, yet they are misguided, presumably because they target ectopic GABA on the ovule surface. Interestingly, wild-type tubes exhibit normal growth and guidance in pop2 pistils, perhaps by degrading excess GABA and sharpening the gradient leading to the micropyle", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Soil amendment: a technique for soil remediation of lactofen.Lactofen, a member of the diphenyl ether chemical family, shows great potential for the control of broadleaf weeds associated with leguminous crops. It presents a high degree of selectivity when applied post-emergence to soybean and peanut crops. This paper presents the persistence of lactofen under a soybean crop under various conditions, including without remediation techniques, under soil solarization with polyethene sheets, and soil solarization followed by straw amendment. The results indicate that dissipation is faster when using the soil solarization technique (set II) compared to no treatment (set I) and is further enhanced by tstraw amendment, where almost 90% dissipation was recorded (set III). The dissipation followed first-order kinetics with a half-life that varied from 30 to 10 days. The half-life of lactofen was 15 days in treatments of soil solarization and straw amendments alone, indicating that both techniques have to be used in combination to achieve successful remediation of soil. Use of biodegradable polythene/substitute material will make this process a popular technique and may also improve its commercial viability", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[HUVECs respond to low shear stress stimulation by activating Wnt/\u00e2-catenin signaling pathway].Objective To investigate the influence of different fluid shear stress (FSS) on Wnt/\u00e2 signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its relationship with atherosclerosis. Methods HUVECs were subjected to different FSS (0, 1, 15 dynes/cm2) for various durations (6, 12, 18, 24 hours) using a shear stress device. Subsequently, real-time quantitative PCR was used to observe the mRNA expression levels of dishevelled 2 (Dvl2) and \u00e2-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, and immunofluorescence technology to observe their protein expression and localization. Results The low FSS promoted the expression and recruitment of Dvl2 as well as the translocation of \u00e2-catenin into the nucleus at the early stage of loading low FSS. Conversely, laminar FSS inhabited their expression and nuclear translocation of \u00e2-catenin. Conclusion Wnt signaling pathway participates in the stress response of vascular endothelial cells to low shear stress", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Sexist language: should we be concerned?What is sexist language? It is inherently discriminatory language, either written or spoken, that implies an unjustified sexual bias against a group or an individual, usually women, but sometimes men. The identification of sexist language and the need for a change to nonsexist forms have long been topics of controversy. In this article we review the history of the debate as well as the evidence that this form of discriminatory language causes harm. The latter point is important, since the whole question is often dismissed as insignificant. The relevance of the issue to scientific and, particularly, medical writing is explored. Finally, a survey of journal writing is presented to help answer first, the question of how much of a problem still exists, and second, if so, what recommendations are needed to ameliorate it", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Information Science"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The effect of chlorpromazine on intracellular Ca2+Using Fura-2AM microfluorimetry, it was shown for the first time that neuroleptic chlorpromazine causes intracellular Ca2+ concentration increase in macrophages due to Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular Ca2+ stores and subsequent Ca2+ entry from the external medium. Chlorpromazine-induced Ca2+ entry is inhibited by La3+ and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and is associated with Ca2+ store depletion", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "An implicit measure of olfactory performance for non-human primates reveals aversive and pleasant odor conditioning.We have little understanding of how odorants are processed in neural networks of the primate brain. Because chemo-stimuli are harder to control than physical stimuli (e.g. vision, audition), such research was limited by the temporal resolution, accuracy, and reliability of olfactometers (odor producing machines). Recent advances were able to create olfactometers that overcome these limitations, allowing their use together with neuroimaging techniques in humans. From the behavioral point of view, olfaction research requires a behavioral measure that can be used to quantify olfactory performance. This becomes a real problem when working with animals, where, unlike humans, explicit measures are harder to obtain. Furthermore, because odorants are powerful primitive reinforcers, such implicit measures can be beneficial to use in learning paradigms. Here we describe an olfactometer suitable for use in non-human primates, and an end-port design that allows the accurate measure of real-time respiratory modulations that are elicited in response to odor presentation. We demonstrate that this implicit measure is differentially modulated when experiencing pleasant or aversive odors. We then present an experimental paradigm in which monkeys learn to associate tones with odors, and show that the time delay from the conditioned stimuli to the next breath can be used to measure learning and memory expression in this paradigm. Using this construct, we reveal olfactory performance during acquisition and extinction of odor conditioning. These techniques can be used in electrophysiological recordings from relevant brain areas to shed light on neural networks involved in odor processing and reinforcement-learning", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Psychiatry and Psychology"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Nursing care in postwar Madrid.OBJECTIVE: To describe the work of the Salus Infirmorum Sisterhood in caring for the most underprivileged individuals from the postwar outskirts of Madrid, through the voluntary service of the nurses who were part of that Institution.METHODS: A historical study based on the analysis of primary sources from the Sisterhood's archives.RESULTS: Salus Infirmorum once relied on more than 100 volunteer nurses who treated over 425-thousand people in 21 parish dispensaries located within the neediest neighborhoods of Madrid, providing both preventative and curative medical care. Nurses were offered adequate training in exchange for the care provided.CONCLUSION: Salus Infirmorum took healthcare to the streets of Madrid, treating patients in improvised medical clinics set up in parishes or in the patient's own home, as the situation required, in addition to training women who otherwise would not have had access to it", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Total synthesis of ageladine A, an angiogenesis inhibitor from the marine sponge Agelas nakamurai.[reaction: see text] A 12-step total synthesis of the tricyclic heteroaromatic marine metabolite ageladine A has been achieved using a 6pi-azaelectrocyclization and a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of N-Boc-pyrrole-2-boronic acid with a chloropyridine as key steps", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Classification, distribution and change of Uighur medicinal materials resources].With the development and change of Uygur medicine, The sources,medicinal parts and producing area of some Uygur Medicine have changed. It is more important to master the classification, distribution and change of Uygur medicinal materials. These were more than 1 200 kinds Uygur medicine in history were resaerched by field investigation, philological research, and textual research, which main source of original plant were 140 families, 510 genera, 840 species; and source of original animal were 76 families, 107 genera, the original animal 141 species; 55 kinds of original mineral, which main producer were Xinjiang and Central Asia, West Asia, the Mediterranean, and North Africa, Southeast Asia and other provinces in China, there are individual medicinal materials from the Americas, Europe and other places. Through this study the classification, distribution, source and evolution of specific families and genera of Uygur medicine resources have mastered.It is hoped to provide theoretical basis for further research and development of Uygur medicinal materials", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Interpretation and working through.The function of insight is independent of content. Insight is the result of the assignment of meaning as distinct from finding meaning. Interpretation leads to insight which binds anxiety and lifts repression, thus providing relief of symptoms. Working is learning to apply the assigned meaning to new situations", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "The role of butyrate in the reverse transformation reaction in mammalian cells.The reverse transformation reaction of Chinese hamster ovary cells from compact, epithelial-like, randomly growing, heavily knobbed, lectin reactive cells into stretched, tighly adherent, smooth-surfaced, lectin resistant, fibroblast-like cells normally elicited by dibutyryl cAMP can be produced to its complete extent by N6-monobutyryl cAMP or 8-bromo-cAMP, O2'-monobutyryl cAMP is ineffective as is cAMP itself in the absence of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase activity. In the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cAMP is fully effective. These results indicate that the role of the butyryl groups of dibutyryl cAMP and, especially, the N6-butyryl, in the reverse transformation reaction is protection of the cAMP analogue from degradation. Butyrate at concentrations of about 1 mM does produce a response which to some extent mimics that of cAMP analogues. The cells, however, fail to assume a fibroblastic-like shape, but rather become flattened. The butyrate effect is much slower and less readily reversible than that evoked by cAMP analogues. Butyrate produces an approximately 2-fold increase in intracellular cAMP levels. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that butyrate effects, in part, are mediated by AMP", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Beyond the classroom, 'pro-active teaching methods--a must for today's CPD movement'.Non-traditional teaching approaches are not recent innovations in the field of continuing medical and professional development; however, there is a lack of employing such methods in our context. The reasons could include lack of awareness, recognition and overlapping and adoption of these approaches, peculiarly academic detailing, by the pharmaceuticals. Nevertheless these methods have proven to be useful in changing physicians' behaviour and attitudes towards patient care and health safety. Moreover, it guides, promotes and derives the self-directedness of the physicians to acquire current knowledge, skills and generic attributes that are required for lifelong learning", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Accountability for quality of care: Monitoring all aspects of quality across a framework adapted for action.Quality of care is essential to maternal and newborn survival. The multidimensional nature of quality of care means that frameworks are useful for capturing it. The present paper proposes an adaptation to a widely used quality of care framework for maternity services. The framework subdivides quality into two inter-related dimensions-provision and experience of care-but suggests adaptations to reflect changes in the concept of quality over the past 15years. The application of the updated framework is presented in a case study, which uses it to measure and inform quality improvements in northern Nigeria across the reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health continuum of care. Data from 231 sampled basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care (BEmONC and CEmONC) facilities in six northern Nigerian states showed that only 35%-47% of facilities met minimum quality standards in infrastructure. Standards for human resources performed better with 49%-73% reaching minimum standards. A framework like this could form the basis for a certification scheme. Certification offers a practical and concrete opportunity to drive quality standards up and reward good performance. It also offers a mechanism to strengthen accountability", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Anatomy", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Extracellularly applied ruthenium red and cADP ribose elevate cytosolic Ca2+ in isolated rat osteoclasts.We demonstrated recently that the divalent cation-sensing receptor on the osteoclast, the Ca2+ receptor (CaR), is a functional component of a cell surface-expressed ryanodine receptor-like molecule (RyR). The objective of the present study was to further characterize this putative RyR by use of the two well-known cell-impermeant RyR modulators, ruthenium red and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic diphosphate ribose (cADPr). We found that, when applied extracellularly, ruthenium red (5 x 10(-8)-10(-4) M) and cADPr (5 x 10(-6) M) triggered an elevation of cytosolic [Ca2+]. Depolarization of the cell membrane by the application of 0.1 M K+ in the presence of 5 x 10(-6) M. valinomycin resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in the magnitude of the cytosolic Ca2+ response to extracellular ruthenium red (5 x 10(-9) and 5 x 10(-5) M), a phenomenon that was not seen when osteoclasts were hyperpolarized using 5 x 10(-3) M K+ with 5 x 10(-6) M valinomycin. In the presence of an intact nonleaky cell membrane, these results would favor a plasma membrane locus of action for the two modulators. Furthermore, pretreatment of osteoclasts with either modulator resulted in a markedly attenuated cytosolic Ca2+ transient elicited in response to the CaR agonist Ni2+, thus confirming an interaction between the cADPr- and ruthenium red-sensitive sites and the osteoclast CaR. The inhibition of the cytosolic Ca2+ response to Ni2+ induced by ruthenium red remained unchanged in the face of membrane potential changes. Finally, the cytosolic Ca2+ response to caffeine (5 x 10(-4) M), another RyR modulator, was also strongly attenuated by pretreatment with 5 x 10(-9) M ruthenium red. We conclude that ruthenium red and cADPr act on plasma membrane-resident sites and that both these sites interact with the process of divalent cation sensing", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Estimating the cost of visiting nursing service by visiting nursing model for urban public health center in Korea].PURPOSE: This study focused on analysing costs per visiting nursing care based on nursing activities in a public health center.METHOD: The Easley-Storfjell Instrument(1997) was used for a prospective descriptive analysis of self-records for workload data from 10 visiting nurses during 4 weeks on all nursing activities. In addition, analysis of the 478 visiting nursing records and cost data from 5 home visiting departments in public health centers during one year of 2003 was done.RESULT: The workload of visiting nurses by the type of model was identified as follows: Type I showed that caseloads made up 32.9 % of all nurse activities, and type II showed that the caseloads made up 45.8 %. Second, The cost per visit in type I was 33,088 won and 31,323 won in type II. Third, the estimated budgets were 1,902,436 won to 12,057,696 won for the type I model. and 4,151,316 won to 17,432,712 won for the type II model for one year.CONCLUSION: This study's results will contribute to baseline data used to establish on infrastructure for visiting nursing program and visiting nursing agencies based on the budget of visiting nursing services", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Market fallacies in health economics.Serious methodological errors that plague studies in health economics are examined with the focus on misconceptions about the nature and functions of markets. The belief that market economics do not apply to the medical marketplace involves circular reasoning that treats man-made laws and regulations as though they were unchangeable laws of nature. Arguments against the market provision of health care are questioned and the 'information gap' problem is shown to be aggravated, if not caused, by regulations that prevent normal information flows in the market. Similarly, the contention that health care insurance pushes up costs is criticised on the basis of both theory and empirical evidence. The apparent failure to contain costs may be blamed on legal restrictions, government spending and pressure from medical associations. Confusion between normative theory and positive theory is also examined", "answer groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Organisms"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Itinerant magnetism in metallic CuFe2Ge2.Theoretical calculations are performed to understand the electronic structure and magnetic properties of CuFe2Ge2. The band structure reveals large electron density N(EF) at the Fermi level suggesting a strong itinerant character of magnetism. The Fermi surface is dominated by two dimensional sheet like structures, with potentially strong nesting between them. The magnetic ground state appears to be ferromagnetic along a and antiferromagnetic in other directions. These results show that CuFe2Ge2 is an antiferromagnetic metal, with similarities to the Fe-based superconductors; such as magnetism with substantial itinerant character and coupling between magnetic order and electrons at the Fermi energy", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Organisms", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Comparing four methods to inform parents about child behavior management: how to inform for consent.One hundred twenty parents were shown descriptions of eight traditional behavior management techniques via one of four different presentation methods: one of two types of video presentation, an oral presentation, or a written presentation. They were asked whether they felt well informed about each technique and asked for consent to perform any one of the techniques that might be needed with their child. Fisher's exact test found that a written explanation resulted in parents who felt well informed significantly less often than those in the other conditions, while an oral presentation resulted in parents who felt well informed more often than those in the other groups, although this difference was not statistically significant. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) found no significant differences between the four conditions with respect to parents providing consent, however, exact tests found the oral method produced significantly better consent for some individual procedures. More than 60% of the parents considered information about each technique to be material or consequential to their decision to consent. Acceptability was correlated with consent, however, more than 10% of the respondents reported incongruencies between consent and acceptability (high approval ratings without subsequent consent or low approval ratings followed by consent). Overall, the oral method of delivering information to parents about child behavior management techniques was the best method of ensuring that the average parent felt informed and was likely to consent", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Geographicals", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Biphasic effects of dexamethasone on glycogen metabolism in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.Glucocorticoids (GC), the basic function of which is modulating carbohydrates metabolism, play a critical role in stress response by enhancing the organism's resistance. It is widely believed that they could promote glycogen synthesis. However, it is doubtful whether GC can still stimulate glycogen deposition in stress response, as it is known that glucose is imperatively needed at that time. Here, we used primary cultured rat hepatocytes to investigate the effects of GC on glycogen metabolism in vitro to exclude other influences in stress. The results showed that dexamethasone (Dex) played biphasic effects on hepatocytes glycogen metabolism depending on its dosage and the duration of stimulation. Dex could decrease glycogen content of hepatocytes in the higher concentration within a relatively shorter period of time, which could not be blocked by cycloheximide. Therefore, dual roles in hepatic glycogen metabolism played by GC were demonstrated, and a non-genomic mechanism might be involved in the glycogenolytic action of GC. We postulated that the biphasic effects of GC on hepatic glycogen metabolism might be of important significance in stress response", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Working conditions and health in Central America: a survey of 12,024 workers in six countries.OBJECTIVE: To describe the survey methodology and initial general findings of the first Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health.METHODS: A representative sample of 12,024 workers was interviewed at home in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. Questionnaire items addressed worker demographics, employment conditions, occupational risk factors and self-perceived health.RESULTS: Overall, self-employment (37%) is the most frequent type of employment, 8% of employees lack a work contract and 74% of the workforce is not covered by social security. These percentages are higher in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, and lower in Costa Rica, Panama and Nicaragua. A third of the workforce works more than 48\u2005h per week, regardless of gender; this is similar across countries. Women and men report frequent or usual exposures to high ambient temperature (16% and 25%, respectively), dangerous tools and machinery (10%, 24%), work on slippery surfaces (10%, 23%), breathing chemicals (12.1%, 18%), handling toxic substances (5%, 12.1%), heavy loads (6%, 20%) and repetitive movements (43%, 49%). Two-thirds of the workforce perceive their health as being good or very good, and slightly more than half reports having good mental health.CONCLUSIONS: The survey offers, for the first time, comparable data on the work and health status of workers in the formal and informal economy in the six Spanish-speaking Central American countries, based on representative national samples. This provides a benchmark for future monitoring of employment and working conditions across countries", "answer groups": ["Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Humanities", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Food patterns and socioeconomic indicators of food consumption amongst Inuvialuit in the Canadian Arctic.BACKGROUND: Inuvialuit in the Canadian Arctic have been experiencing a nutrition transition resulting in a decrease in nutrient-dense food consumption, which may, in part, explain this population's increasing chronic disease rates. Because the available literature is limited, the present study aimed to document the extent of this transition by examining current dietary patterns and socioeconomic factors affecting food group consumption.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three Inuvialuit communities in the Northwest Territories between 2007 and 2008. A validated food frequency questionnaire determined intake frequency of fruit and vegetables (FV), traditional foods (TF) and non-nutrient-dense foods (NNDF). Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed by questions on education, ownership of items in working condition used to create a Material Style of Life (MSL) scale and residents in household employed/on income support. Daily intake frequencies were compared by gender and age group using Wilcoxon rank sum test. SES association with food group intake was determined using logistic regression.RESULTS: The response rate was 65-85%. One hundred and seventy-five participants were female and 55 were male, aged 19-84 years [mean (SD) 44 (14)]. Mean frequencies of FV and TF consumption were 1.6 (1.5) and 1.6 (1.7) times per day, respectively. NNDF were reported 9.2 (3.0) times per day. The highest MSL score (>12) was significantly associated with higher fruit (?0.7 times per day) and higher TF intake (?1.1 times per day) compared with the lowest score (?7). An intermediate MSL score (8-12) was related to higher vegetable consumption (?0.4 times per day).CONCLUSIONS: NNDF were consumed approximately seven times more frequently than TF in the present study, indicating that the dietary transition is well underway amongst Inuvialuit. Participants with higher SES were more likely to consume nutrient-dense foods, suggesting possible cost barriers", "answer groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Temporal changes in the attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas among adults in the Capital Region of Denmark from 2007 to 2010.AIM: The population's attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas is important for their passing, implementation and compliance. Smoking bans are believed to reduce the social acceptability of smoking, and once people experience them, public support increases--also among pre-ban sceptics. This study aimed to examine the temporal changes in public attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas from 2007 to 2010 and whether these changes differed across educational attainment, smoking status and intention to quit among smokers.METHODS: Data from two surveys among adults (aged 25-79 years) in 2007 and 2010 in the Capital Region of Denmark (n=36,472/42,504, response rate = 52.3) was linked with data on sex, age and educational attainment from central registers. Age-standardised prevalence of supportive attitude towards smoking bans was estimated. Temporal changes in supportive attitude were explored in workplaces, restaurants and bars using logistic regression models.RESULTS: The prevalence of supportive attitude towards smoking bans increased significantly in all arenas from 2007 to 2010. Positive temporal changes in supportive attitude towards smoking bans were seen across educational attainment, smoking status and intention to quit smoking in restaurants and across smoking status for smoking bans in workplaces and bars.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that the public's attitude towards smoking in public arenas has changed after the implementation of a comprehensive smoking ban. This change in attitude can support implementation of future legislation on smoking and may lead to positive changes in smoking norms", "answer groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Information Science", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Examination of fine-scale spatial-temporal overlap and segregation between two closely related congeners Gadus morhua and Gadus ogac in coastal Newfoundland.The spatial and temporal movement patterns of sympatric juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and Greenland cod Gadus ogac were studied using high-resolution radio-acoustic positioning in a coastal area of Newfoundland during the summers of 2009 and 2010. A total of 20 fish (10 G. ogac and 10 G. morhua) were equipped with acoustic transmitters and monitored for periods up to 23 days. Most fishes showed high site fidelity with mean residence times of 12\u00b74 (G. morhua) and 14\u00b74 days (G. ogac). A few individuals showed a transient use of the study area, ranging distances up to c. 4 km. Mean daily home ranges [95% kernel utilization distributions (KUDs)] and core activity areas were significantly larger for G. morhua (3\u00b78 and 0\u00b75 ha) than for G. ogac (2\u00b77 and 0\u00b73 ha). Home ranges were not related to total length (LT ) for G. morhua but showed a weak positive relationship for G. ogac. Gadus morhua occupied larger areas during the day while G. ogac occupied slightly larger areas at night. Mean rates of movement for G. ogac and G. morhua ranged from 0\u00b783 to 1\u00b724 and 0\u00b776 to 1\u00b776 LT s(-1) , respectively, and were highest during crepuscular periods. Overall, G. morhua were wider ranging, moved at faster rates and were active throughout the diel cycle compared to G. ogac of the same size. It is suggested that differential use of space and activity periods plays an important role in the successful coexistence of these two species", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Organisms", "Disciplines and Occupations"], "distractor groups": ["Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Life course variation in the relation between maternal marital status and preterm birth.PURPOSE: Maternal marriage is protective against preterm birth (PTB), whereas advanced maternal age\u00a0is associated with increased PTB risk. Because relations between social factors and health may vary during the life course, we assessed how the relation between marital status and PTB risk may change with maternal age.METHODS: We assessed the interaction between marital status and maternal age as a determinant of PTB among all live singleton births in Michigan between 1995 and 2006. We also fit stratified models by race. We calculated absolute differences in predicted PTB as well as odds ratios of PTB by marital status for each age group.RESULTS: In adjusted models, there was a significant interaction (p(interaction)<.001) between marital status and maternal age. The predicted probability of PTB by marital status was marginally different among mothers ages 20-25 years (absolute difference of 1.5%); this difference was substantially greater (3.9% or greater) after 31 years of age. Odds of PTB followed a similar trajectory. Findings were similar among black and white mothers.CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between marriage and PTB may vary with maternal age suggesting that the influence of social factors on risk for adverse birth outcomes may differ through the maternal life trajectory. We discuss plausible explanations for these findings", "answer groups": ["Health Care", "Organisms", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Saponins and other constituents from the leaves of Aralia elata.A new triterpenoid saponin, together with five known saponins, were isolated from the nonpolar n-hexane fraction of the leaves of Aralia elata. The structure of the new saponin, durupcoside C, was elucidated as hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The known saponins were characterized as 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, hederagenin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (alpha-hederin), and hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (collinsonidin). In addition, two known lipids, Arisaema glyceride 3 and ceramide mixtures were also isolated and characterized. Collinsonidin and two known lipids were isolated for the first time from this plant", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Named Groups"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Inhibition of Dermatophilus congolensis by substances produced by bacteria found on the skin.Bacteria, isolated from the skins of clinically normal sheep, were tested for inhibitory activity against Dermatophilus congolensis grown in vitro. Out of 85 bacterial isolates, 19, mainly Bacillus spp., showed zones of inhibition when grown together with D. congolensis. The inhibitory activity was shown to be due to the metabolites released by the bacteria", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Rapid molecular identification of Neisseria meningitidis isolates using the polymerase chain reaction followed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis.Typing of Neisseria meningitidis strains is currently performed with conventional and molecular methods. Our objectives were: first, to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the PorA gene (VR1 region) to distinguish N. meningitidis subtypes and second, to evaluate the method for the identification and characterization of N. meningitidis in patient specimens. SSCP analysis of the VR1 region of the PorA1/2 gene from 126 N. meningitidis strains and 29 clinical samples identified seven SSCP types (SP-1 to SP-7); four strains were not typeable by the method. Classification according to the SSCP methods and serosubtype agreed for 122 of the 126 typeable strains (96.8%). For the 24-culture positive clinical samples, serosubtype and SSCP agreed in all cases. Five samples, which were culture-negative but obtained from children during an apparent outbreak of meningococcal disease in a primary school, presented identical SSCP classification for each sample (SP-2). PCR-SSCP is a rapid and cost-effective method for typing N. meningitidis strains that could provide important early information in the surveillance of suspected meningococcal outbreaks, particularly when culture-negative specimens constitutes the main source of material to analyze", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Is Geriatric Depression Scale-15 a suitable instrument for measuring depression in Brazil? Results of a Rasch analysis.Depressive symptoms are the most prevalent mental health condition in older adults. Since it cannot be measured directly, the use of instruments is mandatory. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is one of the most widely used scales to measure depression in the elderly. It is recognized that the cultural context is a major determinant of the instrument's psychometric performance. Up to the present, this scale has mainly been investigated through classical psychometric approaches. The present study aims to explore whether the 15-item GDS is a suitable instrument in a Brazilian sample. In addition, it explores the potential improvement in the psychometric performance by item refinement. Four hundred twenty-four elderly adults selected through convenience sampling completed the 15-item GDS. Data were analyzed by the Rasch Measurement Model. The Rasch analysis is a powerful modern approach to explore psychometric performance of instruments in health sciences. It examines both the scale and the individual item performance in depth. The 15-item GDS proved not to be suitable in a Brazilian sample. Item misfit and differential item functioning were responsible for considerable misperformance. Scale reduction led to a 10-item structure. This refined format presented adequate psychometric performance and no differential item functioning. The present study offers an alternative and more adequate version of the GDS to be applied in Brazilian subjects. It is also in line with the need for shorter, valid scales in clinical settings. Further investigations are needed to develop a set of cultural-invariant items, which could then be applied in transcultural investigations free of bias", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Information Science"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[Preparation and analysis of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage].This investigation was aimed at the preparation of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage and the feasible method for producing type II collagen in bulk. After dispersal of the porcine articular cartilage, the proteoglycans were extracted by guanidinium hydrochloride and dissolved by pepsin in acid solvent. The contaminants including denatured and degraded protein and other collagen was removed via the repeated procedure of purification. For obtaining the purer type II collagen, the chromatography with sepharose H. P. Column was also used. The purity of the sample was compared with the type II collagen produced by Sigma Company. Both type II collagens were characterized by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and maximal violet chromatography, and all of the results accorded with the standard photograph in the references. The purity of the sample was higher than that of the product of Sigma Company. This prepared collagen of type II is a product of high purity. The raw materials are the common porcine articular cartilage, which is rich in resource and low in cost. Therefore, it is suitable to produce type II collagen in batches", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Humanities"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Case report of flipper anatomic anomaly of Sotalia guianensis from Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro.The cetacean flipper consists of a soft tissue that encases most of the forelimb containing humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. Several studies have documented the typical cetacean's flipper anatomy, but only a few described digital anomalies and the most common are fusions and supernumerary such as polydactily and polyphalangy. The flippers of the Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis have a falciform general aspect showing individual differences and marks produced by individual contact in social interactions that mainly occur on the posterior border. Here, we report for the first time a case of flippers with anatomical anomalies of loss of digits and deviation of radius of an adult S. guianensis from Ba?a de Sepetiba (22\u00b054'-23\u00b004', 43\u00b036'-44\u00b002'W), Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Anatomy", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Phenomena and Processes", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Do HMOs affect educational disparities in health care?BACKGROUND: We wanted to examine how membership in a health maintenance organization (HMO) is related to delivery of preventive clinical services to patients with different educational levels.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 1996-1997 Community Tracking Study Household Survey among adults aged 18 to 64 years with private or Medicaid health insurance. We examined interactions between respondent educational level and HMO membership for the following measures: having a regular source of care and, in the past year, having had a physician visit, a mental health visit, a mammogram (women > or = 50 years), an influenza vaccination (ages > or = 55 years), or smoking cessation counseling (smokers).RESULTS: After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, community size, insurance type, physical and mental health status, and smoking, respondents with less education were significantly less likely to have had a physician visit or mental health visit, mammogram, or influenza vaccination in the past year. Disparities in receipt of preventive care by educational level were smaller among HMO members. Differences in disparities between HMO members and non-HMO members reached statistical significance for influenza vaccination and showed a trend for mental health visits (P = .06). Moreover, HMO members with less than 12 years of education received services at levels comparable to non-HMO members with more education.CONCLUSIONS: There are appreciable disparities in receipt of preventive care by education among nonelderly insured persons. HMO membership is associated with smaller disparities for some services. Those with the lowest levels of education appeared to benefit the most from HMO membership", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Health Care", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Photochemical reduction of hexavalent chromium in glycerol-containing solutions.Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in the form of potassium dichromate was photochemically reduced to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] in aqueous solutions containing glycerol. This reaction occurred rapidly during irradiation with either unfiltered sunlight or a UVA-emitting light source. Photochemical reduction of Cr(VI) was pH-dependent and did not occur in dilute solutions of sodium hydroxide. In acidified solutions, the reduction occurred at elevated rates and at lower concentrations of glycerol. This reaction was found to be dependent on the unsubstituted alcohol groups of glycerol since alpha-phosphoglycerol and beta-phosphoglycerol did not support the photochemical reduction of Cr(VI). These findings suggest that glycerol or related polyols can be used for the remediation of hexavalent (toxic) chromium at contaminated environmental sites", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Organisms", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Correlations between scores on Chinese versions of long and short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale among elderly Chinese.A total of 187 elderly Chinese from the community were interviewed with the Chinese versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale-the long form and the short form. The scores on a proposed new version of the short form were also calculated. Cronbach alpha for the Geriatric Depression Scale-long form was .86. The correlations were significant between scores on the long and short forms (r = .94, p < .05) and between these on the long and new short forms (r = .91, p < .05). Cronbach coefficient alpha for the short form was .77 and for the new short form .81. Results of our study indicated that responding by these elderly persons on both short forms is acceptably internally consistent in comparison with those on the original Geriatric Depression Scale", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Information Science", "Organisms", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "[The use of microcrystalline cellulose dispersions for the production of dermatologic agents].The employment oft microcrystalline cellulose of the Heweten-type (cellulose powder(AB-GDR) for the production of dermatological preparations as aqueous and aqueous-oily multicomponent systems can contribute to the opening of a further field of application of this auxiliary substance in pharmaceutical factories and pharmacies. By means of intensive shearing and mixing forces, e.g. a colloid mill, it is possible to produce dispersions with fluid media, which proved to be stable when they contained a solid content over 8 p.c. Such dispersions can improve the utilization properties of various preparations. By varying the solid content concentration one can produce dispersions of different properties. Microcrystalline cellulose powders meet the demands which characterize an auxiliary substance in general. Special attention has to be drawn on the problem of microbiological stability because of the necessarily high moisture content of the dispersion. Preparations manufactured by colloid wet grinding with microcrystalline cellulose are distinguished by a high physicochemical stability", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Diseases", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Stimulation of Ca2+-gated Cl- currents by the calcium-dependent K+ channel modulators NS1619 [1,3-dihydro-1-[2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-benzimidazol-2-one] and isopimaric acid.Because chloride (Cl(-)) channel blockers such as niflumic acid enhance large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca)), the aim of this study was to determine whether there is a reciprocal modification of Ca(2+)-activated chloride Cl(-) currents (I(ClCa)) by two selective activators of BK(Ca). Single smooth muscle cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion from murine portal vein and rabbit pulmonary artery. The BK(Ca) activators NS1619 [1,3-dihydro-1-[2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl-)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-benzimidazol-2-one] and isopimaric acid (IpA) augmented macroscopic I(ClCa) elicited by pipette solutions containing [Ca(2+)](i) > 100 nM without any alteration in current kinetics. Enhanced currents recorded in the presence of NS1619 or IpA reversed at the theoretical Cl(-) equilibrium potential, which was shifted by approximately -40 mV upon replacement of the external anion with the more permeable thiocyanate anion. NS1619 increased the sensitivity of calcium-activated chloride channel (Cl(Ca)) to Ca(2+) (approximately 100 nM at +60 mV) and induced a leftward shift in their voltage dependence (approximately 80 mV with 1 micro Ca(2+)). Single-channel experiments revealed that NS1619 increased the number of open channels times the open probability of small-conductance (1.8-3.1 pS) Cl(Ca) without any alteration in their unitary amplitude or number of observable unitary levels of activity. These data, in addition to the established stimulatory effects of niflumic acid on BK(Ca), show that there is similarity in the pharmacology of calcium-activated chloride and potassium channels. Although nonspecific interactions are possible, one alternative hypothesis is that the channel underlying vascular I(ClCa) shares some structural similarity to the BK(Ca) or that the latter K(+) channel physically interacts with Cl(Ca)", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anatomy", "Organisms", "Chemicals and Drugs"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Gastric gnathostomiasis in a cat.A mass found in the stomach of a 10-year old cat contained a female worm of the genus Gnathostoma. The mass was described as a muscular pseudogranuloma induced by the worm. Although the worm species could not be ascertained, it was concluded that the cat served as an aberrant host for a Gnathostoma sp that usually infects wild mammals in the area", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Diseases"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Enrichment of neurons and neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells.Human embryonic stem (hES) cells proliferate and maintain their pluripotency for over a year in vitro (M. Amit, M. K. Carpenter, M. S. Inokuma, C. P. Chiu, C. P., Harris, M. A. Waknitz, J. Itskovitz-Eldor, and J. A. Thomson. 2000. Dev. Biol. 227: 271-278) and may therefore provide a cell source for cell therapies. hES cells were maintained for over 6 months in vitro (over 100 population doublings) before their ability to differentiate into the neural lineage was evaluated. Differentiation was induced by the formation of embryoid bodies that were subsequently plated onto appropriate substrates in defined medium containing mitogens. These populations contained cells that showed positive immunoreactivity to nestin, polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PS-NCAM) and A2B5. After further maturation, these cells expressed additional neuron-specific antigens (such as MAP-2, synaptophysin, and various neurotransmitters). Calcium imaging demonstrated that these cells responded to neurotransmitter application. Electrophysiological analyses showed that cell membranes contained voltage-dependent channels and that action potentials were triggered by current injection. PS-NCAM and A2B5 immunoselection or culture conditions could be used to produce enriched populations (60-90%) which could be further differentiated into mature neurons. The properties of the hES-derived progenitors and neurons were found to be similar to those of cells derived from primary tissue. These data indicate that hES cells could provide a cell source for the neural progenitor cells and mature neurons for therapeutic and toxicological uses", "answer groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Organisms", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Humanities", "Named Groups", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Characterization of Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I capable of removing soluble selenium from the aqueous phase under aerobic conditions.Pseudomonas stutzeri strain NT-I was isolated from the drainage wastewater of a selenium refinery plant. This bacterium efficiently reduced selenate to elemental selenium without prolonged accumulation of selenite under aerobic conditions. Strain NT-I was able to reduce selenate completely at high concentrations (up to 10 mM) and selenite almost completely (up to 9 mM). In addition, higher concentrations of selenate and selenite were substantially reduced. Activity was observed under the following experimental conditions: 20-50\u00b0C, pH 7-9, and 0.05-20 g L(-1) NaCl for selenate reduction, and 20-50\u00b0C, pH 6-9, and 0.05-50 g L(-1) NaCl for selenite reduction. Under anaerobic conditions, selenate was reduced more rapidly, whereas selenite was not reduced at all. The high selenate- and selenite-reducing capability at high concentrations suggested that strain NT-I is suitable for the removal of selenium from high-strength industrial wastewater", "answer groups": ["Phenomena and Processes", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "A study of school nurse job satisfaction.This study explored job satisfaction and changes needed to help boost levels of job satisfaction. Self-reported job satisfaction data were collected from 71 school nurses employed in elementary, middle, and high school settings via interactive focus groups. The subjects participated in a 30- to 45-minute focus group session that was audiotaped and transcribed by the principal investigator. Beliefs about job satisfaction were identified and classified into exclusive categories or themes. While the majority of school nurses expressed contentment with their jobs, certain factors that would increase job satisfaction, such as salary and control issues, were discussed. Overall, 83% of school nurses in this study were satisfied in their present positions; however, issues of coping and role strain were identified as major contributors to low morale. Only 17% of the school nurses voiced job dissatisfaction, primarily attributed to low salaries and lack of trust and support from administration. As school nurses face a diverse community with complex needs, adaptation is needed for job satisfaction to be maintained. For this to occur, school nurses must take the initiative to educate administrators, parents, and communities about their role in the school setting", "answer groups": ["Geographicals", "Health Care", "Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Humanities", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Educational intervention to improve effectiveness in treatment and control of patients with high cardiovascular risk in low-resource settings in Argentina: study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial.INTRODUCTION: Hypercholesterolaemia is estimated to cause 2.6 million deaths annually and one-third of the cases of ischaemic heart disease. In Argentina, the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia increased between 2005 and 2013 from 27.9% to 29.8%. Only one out of four subjects with a self-reported diagnosis of coronary heart disease is taking statins. Since 2014, statins (simvastatin 20\u2005mg) are part of the package of drugs provided free-of-charge for patients according to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification. The goal of this study is to test whether a complex intervention targeting physicians and pharmacist assistants improves treatment and control of hypercholesterolaemia among patients with moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk in Argentina.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a cluster trial of 350 patients from 10 public primary care centres in Argentina to be randomised to either the intervention or usual care. The study is designed to have 90% statistical power to detect a 0.7\u2005mmol/L reduction in low-density lipoproteins cholesterol from baseline to 12\u2005months. The physician education programme consists of a 2-day initial intensive training and certification workshop followed by educational outreach visits (EOVs) conducted at 3, 6 and 9\u2005months from the outset of the study. An on-site training to pharmacist assistants during the first EOV is performed at each intervention clinic. In addition, two intervention support tools are used: an app installed in physician's smartphones to serve as a decision aid to improve prescription of statins according to patient's CVD risk and a web-based platform tailored to send individualised SMS messages to patients.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from an independent ethics committee. Results of this study will be presented to the Ministry of Health of Argentina for potential dissemination and scale-up of the intervention programme to the entire national public primary care network in Argentina.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02380911", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Diseases", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms", "Named Groups", "Psychiatry and Psychology"], "distractor groups": ["Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Maternal Perception of Adequacy of Mother's Milk Among Mothers Giving Birth at a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka.BACKGROUND:: Sri Lanka boasts high rates of early and exclusive breastfeeding. Perceived inadequacy of milk, a global problem, is the main cause for early cessation of breastfeeding.RESEARCH AIMS:: The aims of this study are to (a) determine the prevalence, (b) identify the risk factors, and (c) ascertain the association that maternal psychological distress has with perceived inadequacy of milk (PIM), among mothers during the early postpartum period. Identifying and addressing modifiable risk factors for PIM may improve mothers' satisfaction with breastfeeding.METHODS:: A cross-sectional descriptive study of mothers ( n = 249) during the first week after birth was conducted at Colombo North Teaching Hospital (Ragama, Sri Lanka) from May 1, 2016, to June 10, 2016. Participants were recruited when the infant was more than 24 hours but less than 7 days old. A self-administered questionnaire, including the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, was used.RESULTS:: The majority of mothers (78%) perceived their milk quantity to be adequate. A family member telling mothers that their milk supply was low had the most significant associations with perceived inadequacy. Other associations were antenatal maternal complications and birth by cesarean section. Kessler scores indicating psychological distress occurred in 26% of all participating mothers, with a higher mean score in those with PIM.CONCLUSIONS:: Sri Lankan family members should be educated further about normal patterns of milk production during the postpartum period. The authors recommend that PIM be included in screening tools for postpartum depression in Sri Lanka", "answer groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anatomy", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Phenomena and Processes"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Diseases", "Humanities", "Information Science"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Effects of social conditions during adolescence on courtship and aggressive behavior are not abolished by adult social experience.Social experience during adolescence has long-lasting consequences for adult social behavior in many species. In zebra finches, individuals reared in pairs during adolescence start to court females faster, sing more courtship motifs to females and are more aggressive compared with group-reared males. We investigated whether such differences are stable during adulthood or can be abolished by novel social experience after adolescence by giving all birds extensive experience with group life during adulthood. Courtship and aggressiveness increased in all males, but pair-reared males still had a higher motif rate and were more aggressive than group-reared males. Males no longer differed in courtship latency. In addition to the stable treatment differences, individual differences in behavior remained stable over time. Our results show that differences in behavior acquired during adolescence are preserved into adulthood, although adults still change their social behavior. Adolescence can thus be seen as a sensitive period during which social conditions have a lasting effect on adult behavior", "answer groups": ["Psychiatry and Psychology", "Health Care", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Information Science", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Anatomy", "Phenomena and Processes", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Geographicals", "Named Groups", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Social inequalities and dental caries in six-year-old children from the Netherlands.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to investigate the association of different socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors with dental caries in six-year-old children. Furthermore, we applied a district based approach to explore the distribution of dental caries among districts of low and high socioeconomic position (SEP).METHODS: In our cross-sectional study 5189 six-year-olds were included. This study was embedded in a prospective population-based birth cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, the Generation R Study. Parental education level, parental employment status, net household income, single parenting, and teenage pregnancy were considered as indicators for SEP. Dental caries was scored on intraoral photographs by using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index. We compared children without caries (dmft=0) to children with mild caries (dmft=1-3) or severe caries (dmft >3). Multinomial logistic regression analyses and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to study the association between SEP and caries, and between district and caries, respectively.RESULTS: Only maternal education level remained significantly associated with mild caries after adjusting for all other SEP-indicators. Paternal educational level, parental employment status, and household income additionally served as independent indicators of SEP in children with severe caries. Furthermore, living in more disadvantaged districts was significantly associated with higher odds of dental caries.CONCLUSION: Dental caries is more prevalent among six-year-old children with a low SEP, which is also visible at the district level. Maternal educational level is the most important indicator of SEP in the association with caries.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results should raise concerns about the existing social inequalities in dental caries and should encourage development of dental caries prevention strategies. New knowledge about the distribution of oral health inequalities between districts should be used to target the right audience for these strategies", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Named Groups"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "NH4(+) triggers the release of astrocytic lactate via mitochondrial pyruvate shunting.Neural activity is accompanied by a transient mismatch between local glucose and oxygen metabolism, a phenomenon of physiological and pathophysiological importance termed aerobic glycolysis. Previous studies have proposed glutamate and K(+) as the neuronal signals that trigger aerobic glycolysis in astrocytes. Here we used a panel of genetically encoded FRET sensors in vitro and in vivo to investigate the participation of NH4(+), a by-product of catabolism that is also released by active neurons. Astrocytes in mixed cortical cultures responded to physiological levels of NH4(+) with an acute rise in cytosolic lactate followed by lactate release into the extracellular space, as detected by a lactate-sniffer. An acute increase in astrocytic lactate was also observed in acute hippocampal slices exposed to NH4(+) and in the somatosensory cortex of anesthetized mice in response to i.v. NH4(+). Unexpectedly, NH4(+) had no effect on astrocytic glucose consumption. Parallel measurements showed simultaneous cytosolic pyruvate accumulation and NADH depletion, suggesting the involvement of mitochondria. An inhibitor-stop technique confirmed a strong inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate uptake that can be explained by mitochondrial matrix acidification. These results show that physiological NH4(+) diverts the flux of pyruvate from mitochondria to lactate production and release. Considering that NH4(+) is produced stoichiometrically with glutamate during excitatory neurotransmission, we propose that NH4(+) behaves as an intercellular signal and that pyruvate shunting contributes to aerobic lactate production by astrocytes", "answer groups": ["Anatomy", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Laparoscopic bariatric surgery for morbid obesity: the first hundred cases in an Irish centre.INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated outcomes for the first 100 bariatric surgical procedures in a single, publicly funded Irish centre.METHODS: This was a retrospective, chart-based study. Demographics and comorbidities of patients, peri- and post-operative outcomes and health benefits obtained by surgery were assessed.RESULTS: In total, 87 patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedures, 11 underwent sleeve gastrectomies and 2 underwent duodenal switch. The first 13 operations were done as open procedures. Of the remaining 87 cases, 85 were started laparoscopically. Postoperatively, 2 laparotomies were performed for bleeding and 2 patients developed incarcerated incisional hernias that required repair. The 30-day readmission rate was 6% of which 2 patients required emergency surgery. There was one postoperative mortality from cardio-respiratory failure.CONCLUSIONS: This series audits the introduction of a publicly funded bariatric service in Ireland and reports a high percentage of procedures completed laparoscopically with an acceptable morbidity and mortality", "answer groups": ["Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Phenomena and Processes", "Health Care", "Named Groups", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Geographicals"], "distractor groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Maternal Employment Status and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children 6-23 Months in Tanzania.As women in developing world settings gain access to formal work sectors, it is important to understand how such changes might influence child nutrition. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between maternal employment status and minimum meal frequency (MMF) among children in Tanzania. Interviews were conducted with 5000 mothers of children ages 0\u207b23 months. The questionnaire used in these interviews was developed by adopting questions from Tanzania's latest Demographic and Health Survey (2015\u207b2016) where possible and creating additional questions needed for programmatic baseline measurements. MMF was used as proxy for child nutrition. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify associations between employment status and parenting practices of Tanzanian mothers and MMF of their children. After adjusting for confounders, informal maternal employment [OR = 0.58], lack of financial autonomy [OR = 0.57] and bringing the child with them when working away from home [OR = 0.59] were negatively associated with meeting MMF. Payment in cash [OR = 1.89], carrying food for the child [OR = 1.34] and leaving food at home for the child [OR = 2.52] were positively associated with meeting MMF. Informal maternal employment was found to be negatively associated with meeting MMF among Tanzanian children. However, behaviors such as bringing or leaving prepared food, fiscal autonomy and payment in cash showed significant positive associations. These findings could help direct future programs to reduce child stunting", "answer groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Phenomena and Processes", "Geographicals", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Organisms", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Named Groups", "Health Care"], "distractor groups": ["Humanities", "Information Science", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Anatomy", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Diseases"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Clostridium difficile ClpP Homologues are Capable of Uncoupled Activity and Exhibit Different Levels of Susceptibility to Acyldepsipeptide Modulation.Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) has emerged as a promising new target for antibacterial development. While ClpPs from single isoform expressing bacteria have been studied in detail, the function and regulation of systems with more than one ClpP homologue are still poorly understood. Herein, we present fundamental studies toward understanding the ClpP system in C. difficile, an anaerobic spore-forming pathogen that contains two chromosomally distant isoforms of ClpP. Examination of proteomic and genomic data suggest that ClpP1 is the primary isoform responsible for normal growth and virulence, but little is known about the function of ClpP2 or the context required for the formation of functional proteases. For the first time in a pathogenic bacterium, we demonstrate that both isoforms are capable of forming operative proteases. Interestingly, ClpP1 is the only homologue that possesses characteristic response to small molecule acyldepsipeptide activation. On the contrary, both ClpP1 and ClpP2 respond to cochaperone activation to degrade an ssrA-tagged substrate. These observations indicate that ClpP2 is less susceptible to acyldepsipeptide activation but retains the ability to interact with a known cochaperone. Homology models reveal no obvious characteristics that would allow one to predict less efficient acyldepsipeptide binding. The reported findings establish the uniqueness of the ClpP system in C. difficile, open new avenues of inquiry, and highlight the importance of more detailed structural, genetic, and biological characterization of the ClpP system in C. difficile", "answer groups": ["Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Geographicals", "Anatomy", "Humanities", "Diseases", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Information Science", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Distribution of palatal and other arteries in cleft and non-cleft human palates.Cleft lip and cleft palate are two possible effects of fusion failure of embryonic facial processes. Aberrant facial morphogenesis suggest aberrant arterial distribution. Prompted by surgical need, studies detailing major branches of the third or pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery acquire practical significance. Therefore postomortem arteriographic studies were undertaken to ascertain location of these major arteries and their branches in twelve near-term human fetuses. Comparison was made between arterial distributions in three cleft and nine non-cleft fetal palates. The question of bilateral symmetry was examined. It is known that these major branches are commonly present on both sides, but the study revealed numberous variations in each facial half in both cleft and non-cleft palates. Variation implies morphologic contradiction with sterotype presentations. So numberous are the variations that occasionally they may account for sudden and unexpected hemorrhage during surgery/and retarded healing or sphacelus of flaps following surgery", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Diseases", "Anatomy"], "distractor groups": ["Health Care", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Information Science", "Phenomena and Processes", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Disciplines and Occupations"]}, {"question": "e. Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Effects of nutraceuticals on sexual satisfaction and lower urinary tract symptoms in a cohort of young-old men.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutraceuticals containing multiple supplemental facts (Virherbe\u00ae/Rekupros\u00ae) on sexual satisfaction and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in young-old men. In an open-label trial, 40 males (mean age 66\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013) with sexual disturbances and mild LUTS but without cognitive/motor impairment and clinical hypogonadism were enrolled. Sexual desire (SD; IIEF-SD domain) and satisfaction (Global Assessment Question; GAQ), the capacity to perform daily activities (evaluated by 6-min walking test [6MWT]), and International Prostate Symptoms Scores (IPSS) were evaluated before and after oral administration of 2 capsules/day of each supplement for 8\u00a0weeks. The difference from baseline for SD was +2.6 (p\u00a0<\u00a0.05) and -4.2 points for IPSS (p\u00a0<\u00a0.05), with significance in subscales of urinary streaming/nocturia (p\u00a0<\u00a0.01), respectively; 6MWT increased from 507\u00a0\u00b1\u00a044 versus 527\u00a0\u00b1\u00a058\u00a0meters (p\u00a0<\u00a0.001). GAQ scale-responses showed overall improvement in overall 75% population, with a significant improvement in QoL (p\u00a0<\u00a0.01). These changes returned to baseline at 1-month withdrawal follow-up. No adverse events were reported. These supplemental facts improved sexual desire, satisfaction with sex life, physical performance, and LUTS in young-old men, suggesting that they may be effective in patients in whom standard treatments are not suitab", "answer groups": ["Named Groups", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Phenomena and Processes", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Organisms", "Humanities", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Diseases", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment"], "distractor groups": ["Disciplines and Occupations", "Geographicals", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Information Science", "Anatomy"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Rural Family Medicine Outcomes at the University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth (MSD) opened in 1972 with a mission to train physicians serving rural Minnesota, emphasizing family medicine and American Indian (AI) communities. Nationwide there are shortages in family medicine and AI physicians, and MSD is a leader in these outcomes.METHODS: This is a longitudinal, retrospective cohort analysis of 1972-2009 MSD graduates using descriptive statistics and multivariate regression to determine relationships between gender, race, age, and hometown and outcomes of family medicine specialty, rural practice, and rural family medicine practice.RESULTS: MSD graduate outcomes are significantly higher than other US medical schools but declining, 47% chose family medicine and 37% chose a rural first practice location. Selection of rural and family medicine declined more rapidly for men than women, but there was no overall gender difference. AI graduates had rates of rural family medicine similar to their white classmates and older AI students were more likely to select rural family medicine. Graduates from rural hometowns were more likely to select rural practice but not to practice family medicine.CONCLUSIONS: MSD culture and curricula produce AI, family medicine, and rural physicians, but the school is experiencing a downward trend. Understanding the relationship between demographics and outcomes over time will assist policy makers and educators in optimizing strategies to develop the rural family medicine workforce", "answer groups": ["Organisms", "Health Care", "Geographicals", "Psychiatry and Psychology", "Named Groups", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena"], "distractor groups": ["Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Humanities", "Phenomena and Processes", "Information Science", "Anatomy", "Diseases", "Chemicals and Drugs"]}, {"question": " Given the above article, which MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) root categories can be assigned to it? ", "paragraph": "Neutrophils ameliorate lung injury and the development of severe disease during influenza infection.The clinical response to influenza infection ranges from mild disease to severe pneumonia and it remains unclear whether the inflammatory response to infection is protective or pathogenic. We have defined a novel role for neutrophils in ameliorating lung injury during influenza infection, thereby limiting development of severe disease. Infection of neutrophil-depleted mice with influenza virus HKx31 (H3N2) led to rapid weight loss, pneumonia, and death. Neutropenia was associated with enhanced virus replication in the respiratory tract; however, viral titers were declining at the time of death, leading us to investigate other factors contributing to mortality. In addition to thymic atrophy, lymphopenia, and viremic spread, depletion of neutrophils led to exacerbated pulmonary inflammation, edema, and respiratory dysfunction. Thus, while it is well established that neutrophils contribute to lung injury in a range of pathological conditions, reduced numbers or impaired neutrophil function can facilitate progression of mild influenza to severe clinical disease", "answer groups": ["Diseases", "Anatomy", "Organisms"], "distractor groups": ["Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena", "Health Care", "Disciplines and Occupations", "Information Science", "Named Groups", "Geographicals", "Humanities", "Chemicals and Drugs", "Phenomena and Processes", "Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment", "Technology, Industry, and Agriculture", "Psychiatry and Psychology"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "ChemDirect On B2B Chemical Marketplace Popularity. Email\nFew verticals are as vital or as global as the chemical industry, where the raw materials that cross borders find their way into everything from computer chips to potato chips. Shortages of those chemicals and bottlenecks in supply chains ultimately translate into shortages on shelves of everything from beauty products to paint cans.\nAnd yet, the chemical buying process itself, in which buyers connect with suppliers, place orders and get them fulfilled, is archaic and paper based. As ChemDirectCEO Tyler Ellisontold Karen Webster, Its extraordinarily opaque.\nIts a highly fragmented market, too, said Ellison, marked by $6 trillion in sales volume but where even major players have low single-digit market share.\nIts also marked by intermediaries including distributors, so transparency into end demand (and supply) is, to put it mildly, less than optimal. There are any number of causes of friction in the supply chain, said Ellison, tied to regulatory and political events everything from pandemics to production disruptions to tariffs.\nThe inefficient sales cycles can be improved considerably, he said, with two-sided automated, direct and digital marketplaces that bring buyers and sellers online in an experience that changes not just sourcing and price discovery, but the entire procurement process.\nThe urgency is there, and Ellison said ChemDirects genesis stems from his own time as CEO of a chemicals manufacturing company that led to frustration with lack of visibility into end markets and the multiple steps involved in getting orders in place.\nThe conversation came amid ChemDirects announcement earlier this month that it had launched version 2.0 of its website, with enhanced point, click and buy capabilities, as well as faster delivery speeds.\nIn terms of mechanics, as the platform is embedded into enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems via application programming interfaces (APIs), a chemical buyer can shop on the marketplace for the best pricing from verified chemical suppliers and manufacturers. The manufacturers, he said, are vetted (internally) by the platform (additional verification and security checks come from the payments partners).\nSuppliers are given a digital storefront at no cost, allowing buyers to shop directly and access those suppliers marketing materials and accreditation certificates. Along the way, he said, eliminating the distributors from the equation (and from the marketplace) allows those suppliers to build up their brands as they become known and trusted by the buyers.\nFinding the Tipping Point\nIn constructing the marketplace, which debuted last year and took six months to build, once wed reached that tipping point, the customer acquisition has been very good, said Ellison.\nHe added that the most recent enhancement of the site serves all manner of buyers and suppliers, from larger firms down to technical buyers (who scout for chemicals with different characteristics and even impurities) to occasional buyers who might be considered long tail users.\nThe companys platform also has payments functionality built in. Ellison noted that ChemDirect has partnered with Balance, a B2B payments firm, and Stripe to offer terms across a range of payments optionality, from ACH to cards. The payments functionality built into the platform allows payments to be staged based on certain milestones or approvals and receipts.\nAnd in a departure from what seems to be the fashion du jour no blockchain or cryptocurrencies are in the mix.\nThe Logistics Puzzle\nBeyond payments, Ellison said that one key failing of most B2B eCommerce sites centers on the fulfillment side of the equation. The average time till fulfillment in the chemicals space lasts anywhere from 12 to 20 weeks; the average fulfillment time with ChemDirect is three and a half days.\nOne of the of the things weve learned about institutional buyers is that they like a permission-based system, he said. If youre the procurement director, you might have 15,000 of monthly permissions to buy, and weve digitized that whole process. Knitting together a more digital value chain and skipping all those steps benefits everybody.\nThat shortened fulfillment time has positive ripple effects up and down supply chains as firms cut down on their inventory and re-ordering costs, he said.\nIn the future, the platform will continue to bring buyers and sellers together globally, with focus on the largest production regions in Asia, including India and China, and the largest consumption regions, marked by the U.S. and western Europe, he said.\nFurther advances in payments will be tied to continued efforts to understand the processes and constraints around foreign producers. As Ellison said: Some of them need prepayments, others do not. Still other firms can forward position inventory under a range of terms. We need to map out workflows before we overlay solutions.\nMonetizing the Data\nThe wealth of data accumulated on the platform across buyers and sellers can hint at changes in the market in the surpluses or shortages that loom. Case in point: Ellison recounted how in the early throes of the pandemic, isopropyl alcohol (and all the things that go into it) saw spikes in demand in the thousands of percentage points. In March of last year, ChemDirect was among the only places that had access to isopropyl alcohol. Passing the demand data along to the manufacturer allowed it to adjust its production.\nWe consider ourselves the demand scouts of the industry, he said, with data that may be, eventually, monetized while creating a B2C experience in a B2B marketplace", "answer groups": [" product updates", " new initiatives or programs", "product launching & presentation", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["closing", "hiring"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Companies What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Aegis, radar and lasers: Lockheed Martin naval systems update. By the Naval Technology team\nSign up to our newsletters\nSign up here\nTheres also whats known as the interim solution, and this is a request from Greece to have some ships provided by this successful country that would be a gap-filler for them until the new capability arrives.\nWhats the latest on the Spy 7 next-generation radar technology?\nWere getting near the end of the delivery of the Long Range Discrimination Radar (LRDR) for the Missile Defence Agency in Alaska, which has been going quite well.\nThe LRDR is made up of shoebox-size building blocks that you can build into as large an array as you like. Whats nice about that technology is that you can configure it to pretty much any size aperture that you like depending on the application. Weve taken that technology and applied it to other applications and received the designation of Spy 7.\nWeve had some success with Spain and Canada. Most interestingly, in Japan we started out with a land-based configuration and now its moved to a sea-based application. Weve had some success in international markets, and each one of those is slightly different but all built on that same common backbone of technology.\nRendering of the future F-110 frigate equipped with AN/SPY-7 radar. Credit: Navantia.\nWhats the latest with the Aegis Combat System?\nWe have over 250 US naval vessels deployed with Aegis and over 50 in international fleets. We continue to work in partnership with both the US Navy and the Missile Defence Agency providing air and missile defence capabilities. Its a strong three-way partnership.\nThe big focus weve got now is were working on a new release which is called Baseline 10. Were also in the process of working to transition the way we deliver capability.\nWere familiar with DevSecOps for delivering smaller increments of capability on a more frequent basis, so were undergoing a big transformation in that regard and were working very hard with the US Navy to go on that journey together.\nLockheed Martin is using DevSecOps to deliver new software release to the Aegis Combat System. Credit: Lockheed Martin\nWhat directed energy, or laser, weapons projects are you working on?\nThere are two really exciting projects, one for the US Navy one for the US Army. The one for the US Navy is called HELIOS [high-energy laser with integrated optical-dazzler and surveillance] and that has moved from the factory into a test environment and were starting to go through some serious testing.\nWe had a bit of a delay in the availability of range time to do some of the testing and calibration of that, but weve worked through those issues now with the Navy and the other government agencies that were involved, and weve been able to start that testing process. As soon as we get that completed, well be able to sell off the HELIOS system to the US Navy; thats about a 60 kW laser.\nWhats unique about it is its designed to integrate directly into a DDG [Arleigh Burke-class destroyer] and one of the US Navy ships is slated to go on is the USS Preble. We worked hard to integrate the laser weapons system into the Aegis combat system to build a control as part of the overall combat capability on the ship. This is very different to a lot of the other programmes that are strictly more prototype in nature; its made to be an integrated piece of combat capability for the ship.\nNow, its 60 kW and so the conversation has been how do you scale that capability up? We designed it to go to about double, about 120 kW, with very minimal design, just adding additional what we call fibre laser modules into that system. To go higher than 120 wed have to make some more substantial design changes.\nThe one for the Army is a much larger system; 300 kW. Were working with Lieutenant General Thurgood, director of rapid capabilities at the critical technologies office and hes chartered to rapidly develop this 300kW as a mobile ground-based application. Were building the laser capability as well as the beam director and deep beam control systems that align and make use of the laser.\nWere also partnering with a company called Dynetics, out of Huntsville, Alabama, which is working on the power and thermal systems to help us package it all together. Were going to do an initial lab demonstration in 2022 and a field demonstration by 2024.\nThe theme of this years DSEI is multi-domain integration. How is Lockheed Martin working towards that?\nOur companys made a lot of progress in coming together across the corporation under the One LM policy. We made tremendous progress first under Marillyn Houston and now under Jim Taiclet, our new CEO, who is very focused on bringing us all together.\nHes also very focused on a vision for what he calls 21st-century warfighting. The premise is that warfare in the future will have to be conducted differently if were going to stay ahead of our adversaries. That means taking whats already in our customers inventories and using them more effectively, making them more connected. How do you start to leverage all those assets as an integrated capability, how do you take advantage of commercial technologies?\nJim Taiclet spent time in the commercial telecom world and so hes been a big proponent of engaging commercial firms across the US to be part of our future strategies. Weve coined a concept within Lockheed Martin, which is 5G.mil. How do you leverage the emerging 5G capability thats out there commercially and militarise it? How do you make it safe, secure and encrypted in a way that it can be leveraged as a military network to support that 21st-century warfighting concept?\nWeve been very involved in a lot of demonstration activity as military services have looked to start experimentation for the future. We participated in the recent Northern Edge, Talisman Sabre and Valiant Shield. Weve tried to invest in experimentation, as a way to get ahead of where our customers were thinking they need to be in the future and help them to find a path to get there", "answer groups": ["product updates", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["participation in an event", "expanding geography", "event organization", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nFor more information, visit Perfect Wardor to arrange a demo email us What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Using technology on the journey to outstanding maternity care at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital. You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser\nUsing technology on the journey to outstanding maternity care at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital\nThursday 25 February 2021\nPrint\nPerfect Ward's solution is perfectly designed to support bespoke and transformational quality programmes across NHS hospitals\nNorfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (NNUH) has chosen the Perfect Ward mobile solution to help define and implement the Trusts radical new quality programme. The primary aim is to define a tailored set of evidence-based metrics to transform performance across the entire Maternity Care Pathway.\nNNUH has moved from a paper-based auditing system, to measuring quality improvements digitally. The results show the Perfect Ward solution has helped to halve the time needed to perform audits while empowering staff to deliver outstanding maternity care across the pathway.\nYvonne Christley, Deputy Chief Nurse at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust commented, For us the biggest benefit of using Perfect Ward is its ability to capture everything visually and the tagging functionality is great. At a glance, we can see metrics for every part of the maternity care pathway, by division and across the whole organisation.\nIt gives us rich and vivid data that is simple and easy to interpret. Audits can be now be done in half the time, hugely important when our target for audits is 20 minutes during this critical first phase. We could never have embarked on such an ambitious programme without an effective digital system like Perfect Ward.\nWhile eliminating the heavy administrative burden associated with auditing and giving staff extra time to look after patients, the transparency of the Perfect Ward mobile solution empowers staff by promoting accountability. Staff have truly engaged with the technology because they see the immediate results of their audits and are keen to share their success stories.\nAlan Birch, Chief Commercial Officer at Perfect Ward added, Perfect Ward's solution is perfectly designed to support bespoke and transformational quality programmes across NHS hospitals and all health and social care environments in these challenging times. Using mobile devices, managers have complete control of their quality metrics on the move, can view the results of live audits as they are completed and make meaningful improvements accordingly. For frontline staff, our technology is a powerful motivational tool making their roles easier, more engaging and helping to unleash their full potential.\nThe next step for NNUH is to test the new metrics and gain valuable patient feedback by involving the mothers themselves. December 2020 sees the launch of the Maternity Departments first Continuity of Care Team with the goal of having one full audit across the entire patient journey. Until now, nurses typically carried out their own individual audits for the mothers in their care. However, the success of the new project has inspired the team to utilise audits as a valuable vehicle for sharing learning and outstanding practice, along with areas that may require improvement.\nProfessor Nancy Fontaine, Chief Nurse at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust concluded, Working with Perfect Ward is a pleasure. We benefit from an excellent working relationship and great communication allowing us to adapt our audits as required. I would have no hesitation in advocating Perfect Ward for its ease of use and powerful reporting to other organisations.\nNNUH expects to share the results of the next phase of its quality programme in the near future. For updates and the opportunity to participate in a webinar, visit\n-ends-\nAbout Norfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust\nNorfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (NNUH) carries out nearly 1 million outpatient appointments, day case procedures and inpatient admissions annually.\nIt predominantly serves the people of Norfolk and north Suffolk, although some patients are referred from further afield especially to access specialist services available at the Trust.\nMore than 8,000 staff and a dedicated team of 600 volunteers care and provide support for patients who are referred to NNUH by around 100 local GP practices and from other acute hospitals and from GPs around the country.\nFor more information, visit\nNorfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust\nAbout Perfect Ward\nPerfect Ward is a specialist provider in digital quality improvement and safety solutions across health, aged and social care. Working with leading organisations in the UK, Australia, South Africa and the Middle East, Perfect Ward is designed to make health and quality inspections easier and more efficient. Using Perfect Ward empowers frontline staff to take ownership of quality and frees up time to care.\nWorking across hospitals, operating theatres, pharmacies, ambulance services, care homes, aged care, community and social care, Perfect Ward is a digital solution for all healthcare environments", "answer groups": [" service & product providing", "alliance & partnership", " executive statement", " new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nContact Details What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Inovo catalyses global investors as it closes new fund on 54m, to scale Polish startups. Through diverse global LPs, Inovo is able to offer portfolio companies greater range of global capital to help them scale.\nNew York --News Direct-- Inovo\nInovo\n, the venture capital fund investing in technology startups across Poland and Central & Eastern European region (CEE), has today announced the final close of its second fund, Inovo II, at 54m. A range of global funds, entrepreneurs and family offices joined the European Investment Fund (EIF) as the cornerstone investor.\nInovo wants to light up Poland. Photo credit: MICHA SADOWSKI\nInovo specialises in identifying disruptive tech startups and supporting their development and growth through participation in early-stage, post-traction seed and Series A funding. Having a diverse range of LPs in the fund will enable portfolio companies to secure global funding as they scale and expand abroad. The new fund has already committed funding to several investment opportunities with leading international investors, including European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Andreessen Horowitz, Hoxton Ventures and Point Nine Capital. Notable investments include: Spacelift, Infermedica, Jutro Medical, AI Clearing, Zowie, Preply, Packhelp, Intiaro, Tidio, Allset and Eyerim.\nThis fundraise follows the success of Inovo I which generated 3.2x return on investments from a portfolio of 15 high-growth tech startups, most of which have since been sold profitably, two have IPOd, and three top-performing remain in the portfolio. One of the remaining investments is Booksy, the marketplace for beauty services where Inovo invested at the Seed stage. Now the company is one of the worlds top 100 marketplaces with 10 million app downloads and raised $70m in a Series C round (led by CatRock). Booksy is widely considered to become one of the first unicorn startups (those that have a valuation of $1b) from Poland.\nTomasz Swieboda, Managing Partner at Inovo\ncommented: The tech ecosystem in the CEE region is growing at an exceptional pace. In Poland the growth rate is 70% year-on-year. In 2020, almost 500m in venture capital was deployed to 300 companies, which will almost certainly grow this year. It is our expectation that this decade will produce 10 unicorns and a few decacorns from Poland.\nStory continues\nWith the launch of its second fund, Inovo is aiming to cement its reputation as one of the leading early stage investors in Poland and the CEE region, while helping enterprising startups realize their potential, paving the way for later-stage funding from international VCs.\nWith 38 million people, Poland is a large market itself. Last year we've seen IPOs of two tech companies valued at over $1bn and focused on the domestic market - Allegro and InPost. Market size is both an advantage and an obstacle, resulting in Polish ecosystem being not very well connected to the West. At Inovo we strive to change that. We are perfectly placed to act as a catalyst to accommodate the new wave of ambitious local founders who want to follow in the footsteps of Booksy, Brainly and Docplanner and target global markets. Through our collaborative approach and international network we can help bridge them to larger investors added\nTomasz Swieboda\n.\nStefan Batory, Cofounder & CEO at Booksy\ncommented: The growth of the Polish startup ecosystem will accelerate after seeing success stories, proving that its possible to build global businesses out of the CEE region. I am certain that Booksy will serve as one such example, and then many will follow in our footsteps. However, for this to happen, startups need access to VCs like Inovo, which will provide not only capital, but also guidance and international connections for businesses to scale rapidly.\nAbout Inovo\nInovo is a venture capital fund investing in rapidly growing tech companies at Seed / Series A across Poland and the Central and Eastern Europe region (CEE). We back early-stage, post-traction startups with up to 3M of initial investment, and help them build global brands, while driving growth of the local startup ecosystem.\nWe take great pride in being close to top founders who think big. Were investors in: Booksy, Restaumatic, Sotrender, Infermedica, Spacelift, Tidio, AI Clearing, Zowie, Jutro Medical, Intiaro, Packhelp, Preply, Eyerim, Allset", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["other", "participation in an event", "article publication"]}, {"question": " Please consider subscribing to our daily newsletter text alertsand our YouTube channel You can also follow us on Snapchat Twitter Instagram Facebookand TikTok What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Some free government COVID tests made in China. Food and Drug Administration\nTHE ANSWER\nYes, the U.S. government bought COVID-19 tests that were made in China. Three companies are providing the government with the tests that are being sent to American households, and one of those companies manufactures its tests in China.\nWHAT WE FOUND\nThe U.S. Army allocated $2 billionto help procure some of the 500 million tests promised by Biden. That money went to three companies.\nTwo contracts worth about $300 million apiece were awarded to two companies: Rocheand Abbott\nRoche is a Swiss-owned company that partners with SD Biosensorto manufacture its rapid tests. SD Biosensor is a Korean company, and the tests are made in Korea.\nAbbott is an American company, and its rapid tests are manufactured in the United States, specifically facilities in Maine and Illinois.\nThe rest of the money nearly $1.3 billion was awarded to iHealth Labs\nIts evident from pictures of the teston iHealths website and from the packaging on the shipped tests themselves that the product is manufactured in China.\nIn addition, even though iHealth Labs is based in California, its a subsidiary of a Chinese company, Andon Health\nWhite House Press Secretary Jen Psaki acknowledged these facts in a briefing on Feb. 2\nWe needed to meet a need that we had in this country for more tests, she said. And a shortage of tests and the understandable demand from people across this country to get tests and make them free and accessible required us purchasing some of those tests from China in order to meet that demand.\nAll of the tests purchased by the government went through the same authorization process.\nThe FDA gave emergency use authorization to iHealthto make COVID tests likewise to Roche and Abbott. An EUA is the same thing the FDA gave Pfizer and Moderna for COVID vaccines.\nThe EUA outlines specific protocols for tracking how safe and effective the tests are, which iHealth and the other companies are required to follow.\nMore from VERIFY:\nYes, the free N95 masks from the federal government are manufactured in the US\nThe VERIFYteam works to separate fact from fiction so that you can understand what is true and false", "answer groups": [" regulatory approval", " company description", "service & product providing"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "executive appointment", "ipo exit"]}, {"question": " Price and Consensus What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Here's What Makes Reliance Steel (RS) a Solid Choice Right Now. Free Report\n) is benefiting from strong demand across key end-use markets, a diversified product base and strategic acquisitions. Shares of the company have risen 21% in the past three months.\nWe are optimistic about its prospects and believe that the time is right to add the stock to the portfolio as it looks poised to carry the momentum ahead.\nLets delve deeper into the factors that make this Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy) stock an attractive choice for investors.\nEstimates Northbound\nOver the past three months, the Zacks Consensus Estimate for earnings for Reliance Steel for 2022 has increased 11.2%. The consensus estimate for first-quarter 2022 earnings has also been revised 16.5% upward over the same time frame. The favorable estimate revisions instill investor confidence in the stock.\nPositive Earnings Surprise History\nReliance Steels earnings outpaced the Zacks Consensus Estimate in each of the trailing four quarters, the average being 12.3%.\nSuperior Return on Equity (ROE)\nROE is a measure of a companys efficiency in utilizing shareholders funds. ROE for the trailing 12-months for Reliance Steel is 24.8%, above the industrys level of 23.9%.\nUpbeat Prospects\nDemand in non-residential construction, which is Reliance Steels biggest end-market, has gradually expanded and is nearing the pre-pandemic levels. Demand in this market is expected to remain healthy on solid bidding activity. The company expects non-residential construction activities to strengthen through 2022.\nReliance Steel is also witnessing strength in semiconductors and an accelerated recovery in the energy (oil and natural gas) market. Demand in the heavy industry also remains steady. The company is also seeing improved demand in commercial aerospace on a recovery in activities. It remains optimistic about the business environment and sees robust underlying demand in the majority of its end markets in the first quarter of 2022.\nThe company has also been following an aggressive acquisition strategy for a while as part of its core business policy to drive operating results. Its latest acquisitions of Rotax Metals, Admiral Metals and Nu-Tech Precision Metals are in sync with its strategy of investing in high-quality businesses.\nRotax Metals diversifies the company's products by widening its portfolio of specialty bronze, brass and copper products. Massachusetts-based Admiral Metals strong reputation in the metal industry with high levels of customer service and next-day delivery flexibility promises to further solidify Reliance Steels position.\nNu-Techs reputation in the key markets that it serves through its proprietary processes and quality certifications and its support for Reliance Steels customer, product and geographical diversification strategies make it a solid choice. RS anticipates the acquisition to aid its growth in the nuclear, aerospace and other industries.\nReliance Steel also remains focused on offering incremental returns to its shareholders. Last month, its board raised its quarterly dividend by 27.3% to 87.5 cents per share. It repurchased around 2.1 million shares of its common stock for $323.5 million in 2021. The company also returned more than $500 million to its stockholders in 2021 through dividends and share repurchases.\nThe company also generated cash flow from operations of $799.4 million in 2021 and ended the year with $300.5 million of cash. It has adequate liquidity to meet its short-term debt obligations.\nReliance Steel & Aluminum Co", "answer groups": [" company description", " expanding industry", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "participation in an event", "closing"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "This bio-tech company is innovating Maine. Staff\nThis bio-tech company is innovating Maine\nBlack Bear alumni, faculty, staff, and students are among Maines most productive innovators and entrepreneurs. This months edition of our Innovators of UMaine series showcases Neuright, a Maine-based biotech company co-founded by Kristy Townsend 02 Ph.D. (above right), and Magdalena Blaszkiewicz 19G, Ph.D. (center). The company is developing a medical device that will aid in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy, specifically the small-fiber neuropathy that can manifest through sensations such as pins-and-needles, numbness, and tingling. Peripheral neuropathy is common in patients with diabetes and those who are undergoing chemotherapy treatments, but the condition also occurs without obvious cause, and is stubbornly difficult to diagnose, Townsend and Blaszkiewicz say. The pair, working with collaborators at UMaine including Rosemary Smith, professor of electrical and chemical engineering (above left); Leonard Kass, associate professor of biological sciences; Nuri Emanetoglu, associate professor of electrical and computer engineering; and Ali Abedi, professor of electrical and computer engineering, have developed a microneedle electrode array thats designed to record nerve activity. The goal is to create a functional diagnostic tool for aging and diabetes-related small fiber neuropathy.\nNeuright evolved out of Blaszkiewiczs Ph.D. research in the Townsend Lab at UMaine. The founders developed a plan for commercialization through UMaines MIRTA Accelerator program, and Neuright is headquartered at the Upstart Center for Entrepreneurship. Now based at Ohio State, the Townsend Lab maintains close ties with research collaborators at UMaine and Neurights founders say they are committed to growing the company in Maine.\nThis month, Bear Tracks had a chance to catch up with the founders, who are wrapping up preclinical trials in mice (all conducted at UMaine with strong research support from undergraduate students) and preparing for clinical testing in humans.\nBT: What was the inspiration for your innovation?\nKT:\nThis really came out of Magdas Ph.D. research in my lab when I was faculty at UMaine. We were investigating the nerves in the adipose tissue, or fat tissue, thats under the skin, and how those change with obesity, diabetes, and aging. We found that the nerve density is reduced, indicating probable nerve death and neuropathy in the adipose. We wanted a tool to be able to measure functionally, that the nerves were not as active as they should be, and then look at what implications that would have for metabolic health, and health of our fat tissue, but there was just no way to do it. Its really hard to measure the function of the nerves in adipose we can look at molecular markers, and that sort of indicates how healthy and how functional they are, but theyre indirect measures. We assembled a team at UMaine and started to get prototypes together and began recording. At the time, we didnt think this was something that could be commercializable, or that it should be, but we were invited to take part in the first cohort of the MIRTA accelerator program at UMaine, and we did. What we learned was that our research needed to measure the function of these nerves in patients with neuropathy matched a clinical diagnostic need, and by developing a commercialization strategy and a spin-off company, we could help the technology be developed and hopefully become useful for patients.\nBT: How will your innovation impact people?\nMB:\nThrough [customer discovery in] the MIRTA program, we came to understand that physicians who are trying to diagnose small-fiber peripheral neuropathy are struggling with the tools available. Theyre having to use multiple tools and put patients through a battery of testing to get a final diagnosis, which is often a diagnosis of exclusion. For a patient who is experiencing pain, numbness, tingling and loss of sensation, the process is harrowing and doesnt always result in a definitive answer. Some patients spend years trying to get a diagnosis, and early-stage cases can be missed because existing methods cant detect reduced nerve function. Right now, there is no cure for peripheral neuropathy, but there are intervention measures that could slow the progress of the disease if it can be identified sooner. This technology would help patients get to a diagnosis faster and pursue treatment earlier. While clinicians will use the test first and make the diagnosis officially, were trying to be very patient centric in our design because its patients who want and need this technology to reach a more reliable answer even if there isnt an easy treatment.\nBT: What are your goals for your innovation? Where do you see it five years from now?\nMB:\nFive years from now, we hope to have been cleared by the FDA for marketing so we can have this device in clinics being used by physicians. We want to get the first phase of our concept out there as a diagnostic tool, but then continue evolving the platform. We see the device potentially being used to provide treatment or investigate whether certain treatments would work. We also hope to be able to collect neurological signature data from patients to better understand whats causing these neuropathies. Those data could help other researchers come up with more targeted therapies for the different types of peripheral neuropathy. So, as were getting the first iteration of the idea commercialized and out the door, were also going to be working on the next evolution to focus on treatment and understanding the cause of the disease by using our microneedle array to collect data that will help us get to biomarkers and biosignatures.\nBT: How do you see innovation in biotech benefitting Maine?\nKT:\nIm also on the board of directors for the Bioscience Association of Maine and we recently undertook a big data collection effort around what the biotech and bioscience space looks like in Maine. This is a growing sector of Maines economy and we have a lot of talent that can be leveraged. Not just for academic spin-out companies like ours, but attracting people to come to Maine and to collaborate with universities or collaborate with other small biotechs. Maine is a state where its cheaper to set up shop, but you still have the proximity to Boston. Were committed to keeping Neuright in Maine not just because we have strong connections here and we love Maine and want an excuse to come back, but because it really is a good place for a small biotech business. We also hope to have our device manufactured in Maine because it has all the infrastructure for medical device manufacturing. I was born in Maine, I was raised in Maine, Im a Maine proponent. After seeing the data, I do think Maine is a great place to grow or start or move a small company like ours.\nNOTE: The Innovators of UMaine series is supported by a grant to the Alumni Association from the Maine Technology Institute", "answer groups": ["new initiatives & programs", " clinical trial sponsorship"], "distractor groups": ["investment in public company", "product updates", "department establishment", "expanding geography"]}, {"question": "621 miles], Lagos daily records an average of 227 vehicles per every kilometer of road, What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Nigerias Lagos City Named The Second Most Stressful City In The World. told Zenger News.\nAnd the city motorists aggressive driving methods worsen the situation.\nGovernor of Lagos State Babajide Olusola at the groundbreaking ceremony and commencement of civil works for the Lagos Rail Mass Transit Red Line Project on April 15, 2021. The Red Line is one of seven rail lines specified in the states Strategic Transport Master Plan for mass commuter mobility to alleviate chronic traffic congestion and reduce pollution. (Jubril A. Gawat, @Mr_JAGs/Twitter)\nAnother city resident, Richard Okotie, a management consultant, believes the problem in Lagos is simple: too many cars on tiny, degraded, and overused roads.\nIn Lagos, traffic congestion can be so severe that a short commute from any one point of the city to the next that ordinarily would take 20 minutes might take up to an hour, he told Zenger News.\nI even once contemplated abandoning my car in gridlock and walking home or to work, but this is Lagos, not the United States. You may never find the car if you do so.\nin May 1967, Lagos is Nigerias smallest state, covering 3,577.28 square kilometers [7, 951, 654 miles], out of which 779.56 square kilometers [377, 615 miles] is a wetland.\nThe city was\nranked\nthe second most stressful city globally after Mumbai, India, in the 2021 Least and Most Stressful Cities Index, commissioned by the German wellness brand Vaay and released in May 2021.\nThe study consists of four broad categories governance, city, finance, and citizens health each made up of individual stress indicators that determine how stressful a city is to live in.\nSafety and security, socio-political stability, population density, air, light, noise pollution levels, traffic congestion, and weather conditions are among the factors considered.\nOur objective with this study is to show what cities can achieve for their citizens through effective governance, robust environmental policies, and well-resourced social welfare systems, Vaay co-founder Finn Age Hnsel said in a statement.\nThe Cost of Air Pollution in Lagos, a recent World Bank\nstudy\n, estimates that disease and untimely deaths caused by ambient air pollution cost $2.1 billion in 2018.\nWith over 5 million cars and 200,000 commercial vehicles on the roads [when the national average is 11 vehicles per kilometer or 0", "answer groups": ["article publication", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "company description", "product updates", "alliance & partnership"]}, {"question": " Going through the pandemic has further reiterated for us with the importance of that, but also having us look at oth What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Trilogy Launches Workforce Initiatives Considers New Services in Ongoing Pandemic Response. Send email\nTrilogy Health Services has invested millions into employee education and retention a process that continues as the coronavirus pandemic surges across the country, CEO Leigh Ann Barney told Senior Housing News.\nThe Louisville, Kentucky-based owner and operator is partnering with two colleges to provide continuing education opportunities for its workforce.\nFirst, Trilogy employees and their direct dependents are eligible for scholarships of up to $7,500 to study at the University of Louisville, through an existing partnership between the school and Trilogy Health Services Care Tuition Scholarship program. The scholarship is available to all of the universitys 200 degree programs undergraduate, graduate and professional programs.\nAdvertisement\nIn February, Trilogy and the University of Louisville announced a program offering priority admission to Trilogy employees to attend the colleges nursing program, beginning this fall. The school will work toward accepting up to 25 Trilogy employees per semester, and up to 50 annually. Trilogy Health Services and The Bufford Family Foundation also jointly committed $250,000 towards revitalizing the U of L School of Nursings simulation lab.\nTrilogy is also in the process of formalizing a similar partnership with the Galen College of Nursing Louisville to offer employees priority admission, in the schools Louisville and Cincinnati campuses. These partnerships are intended to give Trilogy employees seeking a career path an opportunity to do so, and in highly competitive nursing programs.\nNursing schools traditionally have limited spots, so they can be difficult to get into. That makes it a little bit more challenging for someone who wants to go from an LPN to an RN, Barney said. If we have designated spots within these nursing programs, then we can put our employees in there and that gives us a leg up.\nAdvertisement\nTrilogy was the 33rd-largest senior living provider in the United States in 2019, according to rankings compiled by industry association Argentum. Overall, the company has a portfolio that includes 110 communities spread across Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio and Michigan. The company is jointly owned by Griffin American Healthcare REIT III and NorthStar Healthcare Income.\nIn this interview, Barney shares details of Trilogys Covid-19 response including how it has segmented its communities to address potential outbreaks; the impact the pandemic is having on its development pipeline; and permanent operational changes stemming from the outbreak including potential involvement in new service lines.\nThis interview has been edited for length and clarity.\nRecommended SHN+ Exclusives\nHow is Trilogy handling markets where there are surges in positive coronavirus cases?\nWe operate in the Midwest, so weve never had the large cases like the Northeast or California or the Southeast. It was a little bit different based on each state and probably had to do with how each state closed and when they closed for business.\nAs communities started to reopen, the biggest thing weve seen recently has been a larger uptick of positives from employees. We attribute that to the vacation season. We had numerous employees taking off and going places. We have a process in place, especially if they go to a hotspot, they have to get tested and have a negative test before they come back to work. We are seeing more positives from those tests. The good thing about this is now that we have testing, we can quarantine those employees and were not seeing the spread as significantly within our facilities. We are catching it from our testing processes that we didnt have access to as readily back in March when things were starting.\nHow are the communities set up to prevent outbreaks, and to isolate residents who test positive?\nWeve split our communities into green units, yellow units and red units. The folks that are in the green units have all been tested and theyre negative for Covid-19. The yellow unit is a transitional unit. This would be where a new admission would come into the facility. Theyll go into the yellow unit for at least two weeks, and theyll be tested. Once we have two negative tests, theyll move off to the green.\nIf someone tests positive, we put them into the red unit and we only have staff that works exclusively on a red unit, so theres no cross contamination between any of the units. They have a separate entryway, PPE is lined up for everybody within that unit. We keep it very contained and very manageable. I think that has helped us.\nThis was something that we developed early on in one of our campuses when we had an outbreak. And we figured that this was the best way to manage it. That also gave us more comfort in our ability to take people from outside the community as admissions, because we know that were not going to mingle them in with everyone else.\nHas Trilogy considered moving staff working in these red units\non-site\n?\nWe havent asked anyone to stay away from their family. Working on the red unit has been voluntary. For the folks that are willing and want to do that, there is extra compensation. Typically the people that do work in that unit, you have the ability to quarantine or maybe it wouldnt be someone who has an underlying health issue.\nWhat other incentives is Trilogy offering its employees?\nOur foundation has historically been known for educational opportunities, as well as employee assistance. We continue to help our employees through that employee assistance program. Weve seen more needs along the lines of child care assistance, as well as helping with food, and we may pay bills. We have seen an increase in the need. Weve also tried to increase our foundation contributions.\nHave there been any changes to Trilogys educational initiatives since the virus spread across the country. Specifically, what is the status of the\nPurdue University Global Initiative\n?\nWe did a pause on new enrollment, but everybody thats in the program is able to continue. We expect that in January well be able to open it back up to new enrollees.\nThe apprenticeship programs that we run, were still promoting, and those all come with pay increases, from the workforce grants that we were able to receive to help fund those programs. Participation in our high school internship programhas also slowed due to the fallout from COVID-19: who could work and who couldnt work; what age they had to be within the facility; as well as parents being concerned about their children. We would love to hire more of these students, but these hurdles have presented a challenge.\nWhat other service lines has Trilogy been able to leverage for operational and cost efficiencies?\nWe already had our own pharmacy and therapy company. That was very helpful. Any time you can control an ancillary service, you get the financial benefits, but also the service that you need in those areas", "answer groups": [" new initiatives or programs", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "executive appointment", "closing", "subsidiary establishment"]}, {"question": " (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nShow Caption What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Bensons Pet Center opens in Saratoga Springs. Bensons Pet Center welcomes both two- and four-legged shoppers. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nBy Lauren Halligan| lhalligan@troyrecord.com| Troy Record\nPUBLISHED:\nFebruary 25, 2022 at 1:00 p.m.\n| UPDATED:\nFebruary 25, 2022 at 1:01 p.m.\nSARATOGA SPRINGS, N.Y. Saratoga County now has one more spot where its all about the pets, with the opening of the newest Bensons Pet Center.\nAn eighth Bensons location is now open at 175 Ballston Ave. in Saratoga Springs. Following a soft opening phase over the past couple of months, the store is now in full swing and fully stocked with supplies for dogs, cats, and more.\nThe opportunity presented itself, and we thought it would fit a good niche for this side of the Saratoga and Ballston Avenue area, said general manager Moira Nowc, who has been with the Bensons for 16 years, on why the company decided to expand in this area.\nBensons has two other centers in Saratoga County, in Wilton and Clifton Park, as well as Bensons Fish Room in Ballston Spa.\nUnlike most Bensons Pet Center locations, the new store does not have live pets for sale, though it does carry feeder crickets and rodents.\nOne of the most unique features of the Spa City center is its do-it-yourself dog wash station, with three bays (two large and one small) where owners can bathe their dogs on site. We kind of jokingly say Come mess up our bathroom instead of yours, Nowc said, noting that the $15 fee includes use of the stores shampoo, towels, aprons, and hairdryers. Then we clean up and disinfect and do the laundry.\nThe dog wash stations have been busy ever since the stores opening. We knew it would be popular, Nowc said. We didnt realize how popular it was going to be.\nThe Saratoga Springs store is the first Bensons location to offer a dog washing station, and due to its success, the company plans to offer it at other locations in the future.\nAlong with this latest expansion, Bensons Pet Center is currently in its 30th anniversary year. The company was originally founded in 1992 in Saratoga County, with a store in the former Saratoga Mall. Over the past three decades, Bensons has grown to become a small independent chain of full-line pet supply stores with locations throughout the greater Capital Region, as well as one in Pittsfield, Mass.\nAs a community-focused business, Bensons Pet Center is pleased to welcome regular customers and their pets at all of its stores. Every time you walk into Bensons we want you to feel like you are home, Nowc said.\nThe new stores staff members are enjoying meeting and learning the names of many visitors and their pets. We love what we do, Nowc said.\nNowc is also glad to be welcoming back local customers that had previously switched to shopping online for their pets needs, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Weve gained a lot of customers who are excited to come back to us because they used to be our customers but then they found it more convenient to go to Chewy or on Amazon, she said. So a lot of people are refreshing back into independent stores, which is awesome.\nThe Saratoga Springs store is open seven days a week, from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday through Saturday and 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. on Sunday.\nSame-day delivery is available within 10 miles of any location for orders placed before 3 p.m. on weekdays.\nCurbside pick-up is available too.\nBensons welcomes walk-ins for the do-it-yourself dog wash station during business hours, until an hour before closing.\nMore information about Bensons Pet Center is available online at bensonspet.com.\nThe new store can be contacted by calling (518) 682-3712.\nBensons Pet Center, a local family-owned and operated company, now has a total of eight locations. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nBensons Pet Center welcomes both two- and four-legged shoppers. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nBensons Pet Center carries lots of different treats for dogs. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nThe new Bensons Pet Center in Saratoga Springs features a dog wash station. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nA large inventory of cat toys is displayed at Bensons Pet Center. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nPet owners can give their pups a bath at the do-it-yourself dog wash station at the new Bensons Pet Center in Saratoga Springs. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nLeft to right: Bensons Pet Center staff members Carrie Barber, Brandon Whalen, Moira Nowc and Christine Pruiksma smile in front of the stores do-it-yourself dog wash station. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nThe new Bensons Pet Center is open seven days a week. (Lauren Halligan Medianews Group)\nThe new Bensons Pet Center is located at 175 Ballston Ave. in Saratoga Springs", "answer groups": [" company description", "expanding geography", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "product updates", "hiring"]}, {"question": "\nRead more on Unified communications What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Kurmi brings UC, CC provisioning automation to the cloud. Published:\n22 Mar 2022 10:00\nIn a post-pandemic working environment that has not only prompted the move towards hybrid working but has also seen enterprises increasingly looking for flexible and agile management tools that can be delivered in the cloud, unified communications (UC) and collaboration services software developer Kurmi Software has launched Kurmi as a service (KaaS).\nThe platform is fundamentally designed to deliver simplified provisioning of unified communications and contact centre services to enterprises worldwide from the cloud. KaaS pairs all the capabilities of Kurmis on-premise platform with a hosted model that is intended to deliver faster and easier access to the tools required to streamline and optimise the day-to-day administration of unified communication platforms, including Avaya, Cisco, Microsoft and Zoom.\nOutlining reasons for the launch, Kurmi said research had shown that the Unified Communications market is expected to reach $344bn by 2028, driven by digital transformation, a hybrid workforce environment and a surge in enterprise cloud adoption and migration. It also pointed out that the dynamic had in no small part been accelerated by the pandemic, and that a move towards hybrid working has also seen enterprises increasingly looking for flexible and agile management tools that can be delivered in the cloud.\nEnterprises are always looking at ways to cut costs and the volume of hours required to support critical UC solutions is a big part of this, said Thibaut Felgeres, CEO at Kurmi Software. This is why we have developed Kurmi as a service, to extend the delivery model options for our UC automation services beyond on-premise into the cloud. KaaS enables users to benefit from all the existing Kurmi Software features, but with the added flexibility of total cloud management, instantaneous updates and a predictable upfront monthly cost.\nDeveloped to meet this rising demand for UC automation, KaaS is attributed with accelerating the implementation of UC management and creates an improved customer experience, automatically delivering the latest and most up-to-date release of the platform, without the IT overhead. It also offers a transparent and predictable monthly cost model with a range of additional benefits for enterprise customers.\nKurmi added that with KaaS, the ability to create templates by site or function and set up repeatable processes could reduce the amount of time needed to onboard new users by up to 80%, and transforms provisioning UC into a fast, one-click activity.\nAdditionally, automated moves, adds, changes and deletes (MACDs) workflows and processes, including flexible Role Based Access Control (RBAC) and advanced features such as rollback and scheduling, means that IT admin teams can assign day-to-day UC management tasks to employees without advanced technical skills, including helpdesk staff, local administrators and HR assistants.\nRead more about unified communications\nGlobal infrastructure provider implements private network to enable unified collaboration\nand contact centre systems firm to augment and scale networks to accommodate rapid growth and spikes in demand.\nIT needs a unified communications strategy for voice and video conferencing, chat and other tools. This step-by-step guide helps you implement, evaluate and manage UC in the enterprise.\nWith the latest in data encryption and cloud-based systems maintenance, KaaS is said to offer benefits with security software, removing the need for manual integration or security expertise by automatically keeping up-to-date and compliant with the latest regulations and threats, with all platform management handled by Kurmi. All KaaS users will receive access to the latest Kurmi support for new features from their platform suppliers without delay.\nProviding an alternative delivery model to Kurmis on-premise service, KaaS will complement the existing Kurmi UC Provisioning suite, giving customers the same experience, but with what the company assures will be the added flexibility and peace of mind that comes with a SaaS model", "answer groups": [" company description", " executive statement", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["investment in public company", "funding round", "m&a"]}, {"question": "\nWhile we have been speaking about the benefits of our solutions for a while, the circumstances have meant th What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "#LockdownLessons: INOVO embraces cloud-based solutions. INOVO\noffers contact centres a flexible way to service, sell to, or collect from customers across any channel all with a view to transforming the customer experience, saving costs and driving efficiency and profitability. Through a collaborative approach, the company provides award-winning technology, solutions and professional services that deliver better, measurable results.\nWynand Smit, CEO of INOVO, shares how the lockdown regulations has impacted the contact centre specialists...\nWynand Smit is CEO at INOVO\nHow has Covid-19 impacted your business?\nWe provide the local contact centre industry with innovative technology professional services and solutions, and it, fortunately, hasnt had a negative impact on our business.\nOur technology has always been accessible externally, and we are still running operationally at 100% even though our employees started working from home a week before the lockdown was announced by the government.\nIn addition, the nature of the pandemic has seen an increased demand for specific solutions that our company offers - particularly those that help businesses migrate towards using digital customer contact channels or set up self-service offerings through these multiple channels.\nHow did you prepare for the lockdown?\nWe didnt have to change much, as we have always been able to work remotely; this is what allowed us to take the decision to close our office early, out of concern for the health and safety of our employees. We focused on communicating with our staff and customers on what the changes were and to ensure that people had access to any hardware or software they required.\nWhat's the biggest challenge you are facing during this pandemic?\nWe dont have any operational challenges for our sales, service or support; we have been using a variety of collaboration and video conferencing tools to ensure that project teams can carry on as usual, but they were using these before the lockdown anyway.\nI feel however that people are still yearning for engagement on an interpersonal level - which you cannot get from a video call - and these are some of the changes that we will have to get used to.\nWhat sort of assistance will you need going forward?\nNothing from a financial or operational standpoint. While we didnt expect anything on this scale, our business model was designed to withstand such external impacts. Perhaps one area of assistance would be in understanding and correctly implementing the new legislative and compliance requirements that we will be faced with when everyone starts returning to the offices.\nIf you are able to operate, what steps are you taking to continue operating?\nAs mentioned earlier, we are very blessed that nothing has changed. We are engaging with our employees to ensure that operations are being improved where possible.\nThe big challenge going forward is to look at ways in which we can evolve our company communications, engagements and culture in light of this new way of working.\nWhat measures have you put in place for your employees?\nEven though we are an essential services provider, we continued operating as usual under the Level 5 lockdown, but remotely. No employees were required to come into the office. The company has since procured masks, disinfectants and other items required to maintain a sanitised workplace and to prepare for a return to work. Yet, given that our employees are equipped and enabled to work from anywhere, we wont force anyone to come into the office even when lockdown restrictions are eased.\nBeyond their health, we understand that these unique circumstances also mean that employees require support in handling the changes in the environment, pressures at work and more.\nEven before the lockdown, the company made use of a wellness programme to provide employees with help, be it through guidance, advice or coaching - provided by an independent organisation.\nAre you communicating with your customers? If so, how?\nWe proactively reached out to all our customers before we closed our offices to find out if we could be of assistance. While the national lockdown hadnt been announced yet, we felt that some contact centres (like ourselves) would seek to enable their employees to work from home or even activate self-service options or digital channels to help them serve their customers better remotely.\nOnce the restrictions were announced, we quickly worked with our customers to help them with some of the technical preparations and to ensure that they could continue operating during the lockdown. Fortunately, our cloud and hosted solutions are perfectly suited to enable remote working.\nHow are you offering assistance to your customers who rely on your services?\nAs our solutions are cloud-based, we do not need to actually send anyone to a customer site. Our customer engagements have been carrying on as before - most of these sessions were done remotely anyway, and this has not changed with the pandemic or the lockdown restrictions.\nWhat we have found is that our customers are looking for even more information on what they can do through using our solutions.\nWe have had several exploratory sessions to look at what is possible for our customers, and how they can make services available through multiple digital channels so that their customers can get things done without having to visit physical stores or offices, and optimise what they are already doing.\nWhat do you predict the next 6 months will be like?\nI dont think anyone can answer this with certainty. We will see uncertain economic times, and everyone has to play their part in helping out where they are able to. As an example, INOVO has always had a strong focus on working on CSR initiatives in the field of education, and that hasnt changed.\nIf anything, we have committed ourselves to do even more next year.\nApart from providing resources, we are helping out by providing technical assistance to one of our partners, a non-profit organisation that works to ensure that fewer kids drop out of school. Rather than just giving them money, we have designed and implemented technology to help them with their day to day operations.\nFor example, we have created a field workers application to help them digitise their work. This means they can work with more schools and children without having to increase their own cost base - potentially enabling them to help even more children than before.\nEach one of us - whether as a company or as an individual - has to look at where we can make a difference or help mitigate the impact of the epidemic in our communities.\nNow is the time to innovate and experiment. What is INOVO doing?\nGiven the nature of our business, we continue to innovate. Fortunately, the solutions that our company develops have become even more relevant at this time, when lockdown restrictions have meant that more businesses are looking for new ways in which to interact with their customers", "answer groups": ["executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "other", "ipo exit", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": "\nYou May Also Be Interested In What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Bayonne Medical Center Won't Close Prospective Owners Say. apply.\nYou have successfully signed up for the TAPinto Bayonne Newsletter.\nDr. Nizar Kifaieh, Hudson Regional Hospitals CEO, insists that HRH is the rightful owner of Bayonne Medical Center and CarePoint is a tenant operating an acute care facility there. He said CarePoint is in default of its lease, but there is no danger that an eviction of CarePoint will result in a closure of the hospital. Hudson Regional Hospital has a plan to immediately assume ownership of the hospital with continued employment for staff.\nHudson Regional Hospital will honor its agreement with the HPAE at Bayonne Medical Center, he said. CarePoint has not negotiated a new labor agreement with HPAE and faces consequences from expiration of its current bargaining agreement.\nIt makes no sense to use eminent domain to take the property in order to make sure it remains a hospital, when it will remain a hospital if Hudson Regional takes over anyway, Sharon Ashe-Nadrowski said of the potential $95 million purchase of the property that would allow Bayonne Hospital LLC. to take over operations, noting that the move would double the citys debt.\nOffering a reminder that city officials have already taken precautions to make sure that the property cannot be used for any other purpose than a hospital by changing the zoning, Ashe-Nadrowski further shared her view that HRH has the credentials to operate the facility whereas Bayonne Hospital does not.\nFinally, she continued, while the city has established a hospital authority, nobody has yet to be named to it and so it cannot perform its duties to oversee the transition of ownership of the hospital operations.\nSign up for TAPinto Bayonne E-News alertsto be the first to read about all things Bayonne!\nDownload the FREE TAPinto App! Click here for Android- Click here for iOSfor breaking news, traffic/weather alerts and special offers.\nKnow a story we should share with readers? Email editor Steve Lenoxand tell him about it", "answer groups": [" hiring", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "service & product providing", "funding round", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "com reserves the right to remove any comment that does not follow the comment policy For support, contact What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Alpine to sport alternate livery for F1 season-opener. Alpine to sport alternate livery for F1 season-opener\nBy\nTuesday 22nd February, 2022 - 9:08am\nAlpines alternate F1 livery\nThe Alpine Formula 1 team will feature a revised livery at the opening two grands prix of the season.\nUnveiled in a predominantly blue livery, Fernando Alonso and Esteban Ocon will pilot pink machines in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.\nThat comes in deference of new title sponsor BWT which has joined the operation for the coming season.\nThe Enstone squad rebranded last year to Alpine, switching from the traditional yellow and black of parent company Renault to French racing blue for 2021.\nBWT was previously aligned with Aston Martin, which ran a British racing green last season after Racing Point as it was known prior to its own rebranding a year ago campaigned in the pink of BWT.\nIts understood the lack of the Austrian companys corporate colours on the Aston Martin AMR21 was a key reason it opted to switch allegiances for 2022.\nJoining the company in moving from Aston Martin to Alpine for the coming season is Otmar Szafnauer, who joins as team principal.\nHe comes following a management shakeup which saw Marcin Budkowski and Alain Prost leave the team during the off-season.\nAlpine revealed a show car during its presentation on Monday evening with the real A522 set to be shaken down in Barcelona on Tuesday.\nJoin the discussion below in the Speedcafe.com comments section\nPlease note: Speedcafe", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", " executive appointment", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives or programs", "m&a", "other"]}, {"question": "\nGet What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Edoc Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ:ADOC) Sees Large Increase in Short Interest. Share on Stocktwits\nEdoc Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ:ADOC) was the recipient of a significant growth in short interest in May. As of May 14th, there was short interest totalling 1,800 shares, a growth of 38.5% from the April 29th total of 1,300 shares. Currently, 0.0% of the companys stock are sold short. Based on an average daily trading volume, of 28,900 shares, the short-interest ratio is presently 0.1 days.\nInstitutional investors and hedge funds have recently bought and sold shares of the company. Panagora Asset Management Inc. purchased a new position in shares of Edoc Acquisition in the fourth quarter worth about $124,000. Walleye Trading LLC purchased a new position in Edoc Acquisition during the fourth quarter valued at approximately $145,000. Peddock Capital Advisors LLC purchased a new position in Edoc Acquisition during the first quarter valued at approximately $191,000. Landscape Capital Management L.L.C. purchased a new position in Edoc Acquisition during the fourth quarter valued at approximately $205,000. Finally, Walleye Capital LLC purchased a new position in Edoc Acquisition during the fourth quarter valued at approximately $218,000", "answer groups": ["investment in public company", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "expanding geography", "hiring", "partnerships & alliances"]}, {"question": " But pu What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Concept Of Scope 3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions, And How To Measure Them For Carbon Management By Fossil Energy And Other Companies. Part 1.. Why Do Fracking Opponents Ignore Its Moral Benefits?\nBIO: Josh Weber founded nZero (then called Ledger8760) with Josh Griffin in 2017. At that time, he was practicing as an energy and regulatory attorney focused on electric and natural gas regulation, renewables development and policy, and customer-driven sustainability initiatives. His experience in regulatory and market issues shaped nZero's approach to building accessible, accurate, and transparent data to drive decarbonization and guide customer strategy.\n1. Your company nZero is new. Can you tell us about the company, its mission goals, employees, and location(s)?\nnZero is a 24/7 climate management platform that gives companies, cities and communities accurate emissions data they need to make decisions that will allow them to reach net zero. We provide our customers with actionable and audit-ready insights that empower them to take tangible steps to lower their carbon impact and meet the increasing demands for ongoing and transparent reporting, driving climate action and accountability across a variety of industries. Unlike other carbon management offerings who rely on outdated third-party data and opaque averages, we gather accurate, first-party, contextual data into a comprehensive view, because better data leads to better decisions. The data we provide to our customers empowers them to pinpoint inefficiencies within their operations, easily implement carbon reduction actions, and spend smarter.\nOur customers own or operate over 3,000 buildings and discrete sites, spanning multiple industries in North America and Europe. We are quickly expanding globally, growing our client roster by 20% month-over-month and can help clients in any industry meet their carbon goals by providing them access to 24/7 and on-demand emissions data.\nAs of now, nZeros client base is largely split between individual facilities and a growing number of whole company assessments. In the first category of individual facilities, we work primarily on large commercial complexes and industrial sites. However, these projects tend to upgrade to company-wide tracking as the value of the work with the individual projects quickly becomes apparent. Building a tool for individuals and homes is something we feel strongly about, but there are logistical and privacy-related challenges to manage if you want to maintain the same high level of accuracy and quality that defines the nZero product. However, these challenges are not insurmountable, and we hope to have more on this soon.\nJosh Weber, co-founder of nZero.\nwww.craigmitchelldyer.com, 2017 Craig Mitchelldyer\n2. How will measurements of GHG emissions help us get to net-zero by 2050 the goal of the Paris agreement?\nTo put it simply, you cant change what you cant measure. Access to accurate emissions data gathered on a 24/7 basis is key to creating an actionable roadmap to achieve more sustainable operations. Relying on averages leads to costly blind spotsfor example, documented organizations under-reporting, or sometimes over-reporting certain emissions by as much as 35%. Because we make our technology easy to implement, our clients can focus on how to improve their carbon footprint, versus just how to calculate it.\nOur insights help users weigh the carbon and cost impact of decisions and understand not only which investments can produce the greatest reductions, but which investments can have the highest Carbon ROI, so they can quickly and confidently make operational decisions to reduce emissions faster than ever before. This instant access to accurate data will enable companies to move towards their net-zero goals much faster than previous measurement methods have allowed while allowing them to report their process to their stakeholders and consumers along the way.\n3. Please define Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions, and say why Scope 3 emissions are important.\nIts important to communicate these categories in a manner that the average consumer can easily understand. We like to tell people that Scope 1 is what you personally emit, Scope 2 is what you directly induce someone else to emit, and Scope 3 are the embedded emissions you buy or sell. So, if I drive a car that burns gasoline and emits GHG, it falls under Scope 1. If I flip on a light switch, someone, somewhere turns up a generation unit that likely emits greenhouse gases, and since Ive directly induced them to do so, it falls under Scope 2.\nIf I purchase a sandwich, Ive paid for packaging that was created using fossil fuel, bread that was grown with fertilizer and baked in a gas oven, and meat, cheese and mayonnaise that was processed, all of which involved significant GHG emissions and the sum of those emissions Ive purchased make up my Scope 3. Another way to look at it is that my Scope 3 impact is someone elses scope 1 and scope 2. My Scope 1 and Scope 2 are someone elses Scope 3.\nScope 3 emissions are important for two reasons. Firstly, the impact of all the things I buy and sell may outweigh the impact of the fuel I burn and the electricity I use. Secondly, Scope 3 emissions are an acknowledgment that we are all in this together, and my behavior as a consumer, a corporation, or a public entity is utterly entwined with others. It is a problem we all must solve, and a problem that we all can influence.\nIf our goal is simply to maintain a correct inventory of emissions, then, theoretically, we could do that by knowing the Scope 1 and Scope 2 of everyone out there emitting greenhouse gases. But our goal is much bigger; we need to understand and reduce our impact. I can choose between the ham sandwich or a garden salad, and neither will change my Scope 1 or Scope 2, but my choice may materially affect my Scope 3 impact. On a larger scale, there is a significant difference between the full lifecycle Scope 3 impact of choosing to buy a brand-new home rather than purchasing a remodeled cottage. My new, energy efficient home may have lower Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, but how long will it take to offset the Scope 3 impact of the new lumber, steel, and concrete required to build it?\nFrom a corporate perspective, looking at downstream emissions, failure to consider the Scope 3 impact of the gasoline sold by an oil and gas company hides the massive impact of that oil companys primary product, and it removes any incentive for that company to sell a more renewable product instead of gasoline. Scope 3, then, is essential to move beyond taking carbon inventories to understanding the GHG impacts of doing business. And it reminds us that nothing we do takes place in a vacuum. We are all part of the problem, and we must all be part of the solution.\n4. Give an example of where Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions come from in a major oil and gas company like BP, or Shell, or ExxonMobil.\nnZero does not have access to any proprietary data about any of the companies you mention, so I cannot comment on the activities of any major oil or gas company beyond what you find reported in the public domain", "answer groups": ["executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["other", "participation in an event", "alliance & partnership", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nShare What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Enjin and Health Hero To Launch NFT-Wellness App By CoinQuora. Enjin and Health Hero To Launch NFT-Wellness App\nEnjin announces its partnership with Health Hero to develop a wellness-NFT app.\nThe app name is Go! by Health Hero.\nThe app collects wellness data and activities through health tracking app like Apple (NASDAQ:) Health, Google (NASDAQ:) Fit, and FitBit.\nOn Wednesday, Enjin (ENJ) announces its partnership with Health Hero, a digital health engagement company partnered, to develop an NFT-powered wellness application. Health Hero is known to have partnered with Microsoft (NASDAQ:), Salesforce (NYSE:), and Slack.\nConsequently, the new health-monitoring app will be coined as Go! by Health Hero. The team further explained that this app will introduce the concept of Well-being and NFTs (W-NFTs). Thus, the app is meant to collect wellness data and activities through health tracking devices and apps like Apple Health, Google Fit, and FitBit.\nOf note, Enjin is the platform of choice for building products that integrate NFTs in their stack, offering their own Walle\nThis article was first published on coinquora.com\nDisclaimer:\nFusion Media\nwould like to remind you that the data contained in this website is not necessarily real-time nor accurate. All CFDs (stocks, indexes, futures) and Forex prices are not provided by exchanges but rather by market makers, and so prices may not be accurate and may differ from the actual market price, meaning prices are indicative and not appropriate for trading purposes. Therefore Fusion Media doesn`t bear any responsibility for any trading losses you might incur as a result of using this data.\nFusion Media\nor anyone involved with Fusion Media will not accept any liability for loss or damage as a result of reliance on the information including data, quotes, charts and buy/sell signals contained within this website. Please be fully informed regarding the risks and costs associated with trading the financial markets, it is one of the riskiest investment forms possible", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["other", "company description", "regulatory approval", "support & philanthropy"]}, {"question": "\nPerpignan shared his plans after he completes the program, I want to go in What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Health Care Hero. Health Care Hero\nUR Nursing grad surprised with $100K award in recognition of his selfless work on COVID front lines\nJose Perpignan 16N waited in front of his computer for an interview to begin one October morning, completely unaware he was moments away from winning a life-changing amount of money.\nOn live TV.\nThe popular morning show Live with Kelly and Ryan was holding a Healthcare Hero $100K Giveaway contest in collaboration with SoFi, a digital finance company, to recognize health care professionals for their work on the front lines during the pandemic. Perpignan knew his friend, Erika Hunt, had nominated him for the prize, but he thought producers were reaching out to clarify some of the information submitted about him.\nThen the shows executive producer, Michael Gelman, got on the line.\nJose is that you? Can you hear me? Can you see me? said Gelman, feigning a poor connection over Zoom.\nYeah, I can hear you, replied Jose.\nIm having a little bit of a bad connection. Hold on for one second. Let me try to fix it.\nJose? asked host Ryan Seacrest, Hey, its Ryan and Kelly Ripa!\nWe just thought wed let you know that you are the winner of our Healthcare Hero $100,000 giveaway! Ripa said excitedly.\nSurprised and nervous, Perpignan thanked the show, Erika, and family members who recognized his deep commitment to the nursing profession and the community.\nI dont know what to say! Im so grateful to have this help. It will put me in a space to focus more on my goals and giving back to the community, which is what Ive dreamed of doing for a very long time. It means so much to my family, my kids, and all of my friends. Were just so happy! said Perpignan.\nRecognizing that health care workers were among the hardest hit during the COVID-19 crisis, SoFi teamed up with Live with Kelly and Ryan to award $100,000 to one doctor, nurse, or physician assistant who has made a major difference in their community. Viewers were asked to submit nominations, which were judged on many criteria, including the impact that the individual made during the pandemic.\nMitigating the Effects of COVID-19\nPerpignan felt the sting of COVID-19 from the start. The pandemic put a halt to his full-time job at LiveOnNY, an organ transplant organization. To continue working full time, Perpignan picked up shifts as a care coordinator at the New York-Presbyterian Hospitals cardiothoracic intensive care unit, which forced him to quarantine away from his family for 14 days.\nIn addition to working 12-hour shifts at the hospital, Perpignan coordinated with the Greater New York City Black Nurses Association (GNYCBNA) chapter he co-founded to prevent the virus from hitting his Bronx neighborhood. The group picked up seniors prescriptions and groceries and provided personal protective equipment (PPE) to those who couldnt leave their homes.\nPerpignan and members of the GNYCBNA also hosted virtual meetings with other Black Nurses Associations in the surrounding areas to share what to expect when the virus hit their hospitals. They discussed how to advocate for PPE, what politicians to contact for resources, and where to go for emotional support.\nAt New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Perpignan, like many nurses, was the last person some patients saw before they succumbed to the virus. He remembered one particular nurse who eventually tested positive for COVID-19 after he came out of retirement to work on the front line. Perpignan held up a tablet while the patients wife spoke her last words to her husband.\nWhen thinking of those emotional moments, Perpignan said, I try to be as genuine and authentic as possible with my patients and family members. I start with condolences to the family, and I always touch light on the positives that I know of this person. Ill say, He went out fighting, and I know he did that with his family in his heart. I tried to rewrite his ending, He didnt just die from COVID-19 in the ICU, but he died because he wanted to come back to fight. Hes a hero.\nPerpignan explained thats why he likes working at LiveOnNY, If a 26-year old overdosed, I tell the parents their child didnt just die from overdosing, they saved eight lives.\nFinding His Niche in Nursing\nIts this innate sense of optimism and positivity that helped Perpignan find his true calling as a caregiver.\nA Brooklyn, NY, native, Perpignan, grew up in a 39-story building as the oldest of 10 children. He decided on a career in caring when his father, an emergency medical technician, brought an ambulance to his school's career day in first grade.\nPerpignan attended Binghamton University and graduated with a bachelors degree in Africana studies. During college, he shadowed a few physicians and fell in love with nursing, specifically the interactions between nurses and their patients and families.\nAfter graduation, he spent several years working as a patient care technician before he was accepted into the University of Rochester School of Nursings Accelerated Program for Non-Nurses.\nIt was at the UR School of Nursing that Perpignan truly felt at home. He was thankful for the schools holistic application review process, which identifies an applicants academic strengths, life experiences, and ethical character to determine their ability to contribute to a diverse learning environment and improve the health of individuals and communities. The UR School of Nursing saw Perpignans potential when other schools might have overlooked him.\nAs a student, Perpignan always went out of his way to learn the name of every student in his cohort, as well as the cohorts above and below him. He always admired Dean Kathy Rideout, EdD, PPCNP-BC, FNAP, for doing the same.\nDean Rideout shaped my mindset on what leadership is. I remember walking by her in the hallway and she said, Oh, hey Jose! I was amazed. How can she work in the hospital, run a nursing school, and still know everyones name? I pride myself on becoming the type of leader Kathy is, said Perpignan.\nBeginning His DNP Journey\nStarting in January, Perpignan will take the next step in his leadership journey, beginning the UR School of Nursings Post-Bachelor of Science to Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program. The program is designed for nurses who wish to earn their DNP degree through an area of nurse practitioner or clinical nurse leader specialty.\nPerpignan will return to Rochester in the spring of 2022 with his family to complete the clinical portion of the program. He looks forward to starting this next chapter with his wife and two children in a new home.\nAccording to Perpignan, it was the GNYCBNA that prompted him to advance his nursing career. A lot of the mentors within the organization have their doctorates. Im the only one thats on the board that doesnt have a masters or a doctorate. The exposure of being around them opened my eyes to the resources, access, education, and plans they have. Thats what I want, he said", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", " event organization", " participation in an event"], "distractor groups": ["service & product providing", "m&a", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nSTRICTLY NO AGENCIES What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "IT Support Technician Hampton Magna Warwickshire. Job Description\nIT Support Technician (1 st Line, 2 nd Line, HelpDesk, Windows/Windows Server, Active Directory, Microsoft 365)\nWe are LinkIT Advanced Solutions and are an independent IT company, established since 2011, we provide quality IT Support & Services to all types of businesses, charities and the educational sector across the Midlands.\nDue to our organic growth, an exciting opportunity has arisen for an IT Support Technician to join our team, initially supporting our customers via Remote HelpDesk, we are an expanding IT Support company and have opportunities to develop your skills and further your career within the business as the role progresses. There will be opportunities to be involved with Onsite Support Projects, Large Scale Windows Deployments, Microsoft 365 Configuration, Server Installs & Project work.\nOur working hours are flexible between the hours of 08:30 - 17:00, Monday - Friday, with work-from-home opportunities if required, we are looking to recruit a new Team member with a minimum of 20 hours per week to assist our existing team of technicians, all applicants will be considered.\nThe Role\nDuties include providing 1st Line & 2 nd Line technical support via Telephone, Email and Remote Assistance, supporting customers with a range of support queries, which will require the successful candidate to possess experience in the following;\nWindows Operating Systems\nWorking experience of Microsoft Office Suite\nOffice 365 admin\nGoogle Workspace and user management\nActive Directory and user account management\nPC & Laptop repairs\nThe following experience would be advantageous, but not essential;\nFamiliar with Windows Server Operating Systems\nAn understanding of Server Roles & Services - Active Directory, Group Policy, DNS, DHCP\nApple OS Support\nApple VPP, DEP & MDM management\nExperience with LAN, WAN & TCP/IP technologies\nExperience configuring and managing VPN connectivity\nThe Person\nThe ideal candidate we are looking for, will have experience working within a similar role or having worked for a Managed Service Provider would be advantageous, however training will be provided where required. Possession of any IT qualifications including MCP/Comptia A+ would be also desirable but not required.\nYou will require the following qualities:\nExcellent communication\nEssential 'can do' attitude.\nKeen to expand your knowledge in key technologies and an interest in technology developments and standards.\nExcellent problem solver\nMust have excellent documentation skills\nBe capable of escalating calls to the Senior Engineers when appropriate\nThis is an exciting opportunity for someone who enjoys working in an active, fast-moving environment, has good interpersonal, fault finding and diagnostic skills and a passion for IT.\nThe Package\nThe role will attract an annual salary starting at 20,000 dependent on hours worked, but will be negotiable dependent on experience.\nWe also offer a Pension Contributions Scheme and Travel Costs/Mileage Paid. Further to this, you will be joining a business that invests heavily in its staff, with training opportunities and 20 days annual leave plus Bank Holidays.\nWe are committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children & adults. Because of the nature of some of our work in the Educational field, applicants will be required to undertake pre-employment checks, such as an Enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) Check", "answer groups": [" hiring", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["other", "foundation", "new initiatives or programs", "article publication"]}, {"question": ": What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "CIBE Guangzhou 2019. Sketch\nMarked as its 48th event since 1989, the China International Beauty Expo (CIBE) has once again opened its international-friendly venue in Guangzhou to feature what beauty, hair, and cosmetic products China has to offer in the face of global aesthetic trends.\nConsidered another successful participation with many booth visits from potential buyers, Asterasys displayed well over 40 devices and products for testing, manufactured by its cosmetic line Dr. Seolreim, Liftera-V and -A, along with other flagship technologies that have undergone name changes to better suit their true purposes.\nCIBE Guangzhou 2019\nFair Date: September 5-7, 2019\nBooth No", "answer groups": [" participation in an event", "product launching & presentation", "expanding industry"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "new initiatives & programs", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nBy What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Denver-based Strive Health forms partnership with nephrology practice NANI. Reporter, Denver Business Journal\nSep 21, 2021\nStrive Health, a Denver-based, tech-enabled kidney care company, has launched a partnership with the countrys largest independent nephrology group.\nAs part of the strategic partnership, Nephrology Associates of Northern Illinois and Northern Indiana (NANI) will not only utilize Strive Healths services to treat kidney diseases but is also now an equity investor.\nNANI is the largest nephrology physician practice in the U.S. with 135 nephrologists across Illinois, Indiana and New Jersey. The Oak Brook, Illinois-based practice has been evaluating how it will participate in value-based care care that shifts away from fee-for-service and instead reimburses health care providers based on the quality of care they are administering.\nWe looked at Strive health and we were impressed with what they could offer us, said Dr. Manish Tanna physician leader of NANIs value-based care committee.\nStrive Health specializes in technology and high-touch care to catch patients early in their kidney disease. It uses machine learning technology to determine patients who are most at-risk, and then Strive pairs those patients with dedicated caregivers to help coach them through slowing the progression of kidney disease.\nThrough the partnership, Tanna said NANI will use Strive Health to help with its clinical workflows and care coordination, data analytics and projecting outcomes, and improve the education it provides to patients.\nFor Strive, partnering with NANI meant working with one of the largest high-quality kidney care practices in the country.\nLook at their reputation, their best practice, their focus on quality, their appreciation for the future of nephrology in terms of where nephrology is headed, and their confirmation with us that value-based care is putting the nephrologist in a really important drivers seat to help manage the care for late-stage kidney patients, CEO Chris Riopelletold Denver Business Journal.\nRiopelle added that the validation of an organization like NANI working with Strive in addition to the 400 nephrologists nationally the company already has partnerships with means more kidney care providers will be looking at working with the Denver company.\nIn addition to the partnership, which Riopelle said will include Strive health care providers being embedded at NANI offices, he said the organization becoming an equity partner opens up future opportunities.\nWe are really interested in driving alignment with them in a long-term way through our partnership. As part of our partnership, they have made an investment into Strive. We like that it drives alignment, and it creates an opportunity that most nephrology groups dont have, which is the chance to invest in a venture-backed growth stage company, Riopelle said. He declined to share the size of the investment NANI made but said it was meaningful and would send a strong message to the nephrology community. In March, the company closed a $140 million Series Bround, which included investment from CapitalG, the independent growth fund for Google-parent company Alphabet.\nStrive has been growing over the last two years. In May, the company announced it had selected Denver as its home for a 250-person expansionwith the help of incentives from the Colorado Economic Development Commission. In 2020, the company had grown its employee base\nby 600%.\nRiopelle told DBJ that, despite a deep commitment to Colorado, the company doesnt have any provider partnerships in the state yet. Riopelle said that part of the reason is that, when it comes to kidney health, Colorados mostly-fit population does well compared to elsewhere in the U.S. But the company is in discussion with potential partners. He also added that the state is a great place to base a company because people want to be here.\nOur biggest impact to Colorado is continuing to be an employer of choice for great health care people and finding as many as we can whod like to have Denver as their home base, he said", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", " executive statement", " new initiatives or programs", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "hiring"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Smith honored as Bayada hero. Smith honored as Bayada hero\nStaff Writer\nThe Courier-Tribune\nTHOMASVILLE Bayada Home Health had its divisional Q4 Hero ceremony and Douglas Smith, PTA (physical therapy assistant), won the hero of the quarter award.\nBayada Home Health recognizes clinicians that go above and beyond the call of duty.\nSmith, who grew up in Asheboro, joined the Thomasville Bayada a year ago and has been such an asset to the company. His fellow co-workers love him and his patients love him, according to a press release from the center", "answer groups": [" participation in an event", "event organization"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "foundation", "support & philanthropy", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": "\nLogin What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Seattle start-up raises $4M to develop platform to help with long-term care labor shortages. Share by Email\nTodd Owens\nThe COVID-19 pandemic has exposed even more deeply the dire labor shortages facing the senior living and care industry. In response, Seattle-based startup Kevala now is working to help fill the gap.\nThe firm recently raised $4 million to help fund its integrated workforce management and care orchestration platform, which can be used by long-term care facilities for staffing, compliance and more. Private equity firm Vulcan Capital led the funding round, which also included participation from Costanoa Ventures, High Alpha and PSL Ventures.\nKevala spun out of Seattle startup studio Pioneer Square Labs in April. The startup is focused on helping senior living communities and skilled nursing facilities access supplemental nursing staff. Through the technology, users can build a curated pool of on-call nurses to fill shifts.\nAs the demand for nurses outstrips the supply, and the gap widens, the healthcare labor shortage is becoming a national crisis, Kevala CEO Todd Owens told Geekwire By building an integrated and intelligent software as a service solution, we are able to usher in a modern work environment and significantly impact a facilitys bottom line, he said.\nOne of Kevalas clients, Aegis Living, already has expressed need for the technology.\nWere incredibly excited to work with Kevala to develop a unique platform that will enable us to better manage our care teams time and scheduling to ensure everyone is in the right place, at exactly the right time and do it with the same technology they are already using in other parts of their lives, Kris Engskov, president of Aegis Living, said in a statement.\nYou must be a registered member of McKnight's Senior Living to post a comment\nPlease register or login first to post a comment", "answer groups": ["funding round", " executive statement", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "subsidiary establishment", "department establishment"]}, {"question": "\nMORE FOR YOU What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Blue Cross Health Insurers Back Nonprofit Drug Makers Cheaper Insulin. Thursday announced plans to manufacture\nand distribute insulins that, once approved, will be available to people with diabetes at significantly lower prices than insulins currently on the market.\nHaving the Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans on board is an indication of the potential to shift coverage away from higher priced insulins to the generic version Civica plans to introduce. Insurers have ways to move the market when it comes to drug costs by shifting higher priced prescriptions on their preferred lists of drugs known as formularies to a different tier that would lead health plan enrollees to choose a less expensive generic.\nThe new insulin will be available sometime in 2024 in vials and prefilled pens at no more than $30 per vial or $55 for a box of five pens, Civica Rx said. The lower cost is much less than prices that can list for more than $100 and in some cases more than $500.\nEarlier this week during his State of the Union speech, President Biden ripped into drug companies for charging high prices for insulin as part of his call for a cap of $35 per month for patients.\nImagine what its like to look at your child who needs insulin and have no idea how youre going to pay for it, Biden said. Lets cap the cost of insulin at $35 a month so everyone can afford it", "answer groups": ["regulatory approval", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["hiring", "alliance & partnership", "closing", "company description"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Stories What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "BF&M Prepare 300 Packages Donate $20K. BF&M\nput together an initiative in support of the Womens Resource Centre mission, with their staff preparing 300 essential personal care packages for women and families in need, which were distributed this past weekend, with the company supplementing staff donations with a further $20,000 of personal care essentials.\nTina Laws, Executive Director, Womens Resource Centre & Abigail Clifford, President and Group COO, BF&M\nBF&M staff helped out in a number of ways. They contributed to a company-wide drive to bring in items such as soap, deodorant and toothpaste. They volunteered their time to prepare and fill the care package bags. They also organized the distribution of the packages. BF&M supplemented staff donations with a further $20,000 of personal care essentials, a spokesperson said.\nAbigail Clifford, President and Group COO, commented: With the cost of living increasing in Bermuda, families with limited resources are finding it harder and harder to afford both food and basic necessities.\nWhen faced with having to choose between personal care items and food, food is typically prioritised. As a committed partner and supporter of the Womens Resource Centre, we wanted to show our support of their invaluable work by responding to this need that they brought to our attention.\nTina Laws, Executive Director of the Womens Resource Centre explained: As the leading resource and voice for women in Bermuda, we are ecstatic about this gracious donation from BF&M and their staff.\nOver 300 women received a care package. There are never enough words to express the joy we feel when sharing hope with other women. The Womens Resource Centre is extremely grateful to BF&M for supporting our mission to enhance the lives of women and their families in Bermuda.\nDonations like this make it possible to share hope with the women in the community and we thank BF&M so much for helping us to make this possible", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "department establishment", "ipo exit", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Minnesota twins raise $3M to increase accessibility to disability care. Mary Ann Azevedo\n8 hours\nHaving a loved one with specialized care needs is incredibly challenging, but not something that people who have never had to deal with the issue would necessarily quite understand.\nFor anyone who has had to help care for someone with special needs, the lack of options out there to navigate finding access to care providers is almost shocking.\nTwin sisters Melanie Fountaine\nand\nMelissa Danielsen know the problem firsthand, having\nhelped take care of their brother, who had a developmental disability and severe epilepsy, for years.\nWe saw the struggle for our family to find reliable care, Danielsen told TechCrunch.\nAfter he passed away 12 years ago at the age of 29, the siblings decided they wanted to dedicate their careers to making disability care accessible to families with complex care needs. They founded Joshs Place,\na company that provided group home accommodations and other services to adults across Minnesota,\nwhich ended up being acquired by REM Minnesota in early 2020.\nThe pair then came up with the concept behind\nJoshin\n, a digital care platform that aims to connect care providers to families with specialized care needs. (Both companies were named after the sisters brother, who was named Josh). And today, that startup is announcing it has closed on a $3 million seed round of funding co-led by Anthemis Group and The Autism Impact Fund.\nJoshin started out as an app that creates a care plan that helps it match families to a carefully vetted trained caregiver. It has evolved to also include a corporate benefits program that involves Joshin partnering with companies who want to offer an inclusive care benefit to their employees.\nImage Credits: Joshin\nAn estimated one in five families have complex health needs, ranging from children with neurodivergence to dependent adults with developmental and physical disabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has only highlighted the need for support, making it even more difficult to find necessary care. As such, many people (most of which are women) are finding they have to leave jobs to become full-time caregivers.\nFor too long, people with special health needs and their families have been underserved and had fragmented access to disability care providers, said CEO Danielsen.\nAs ADA turns 30, tech is just getting started helping people with disabilities\nCOO Fountaine says that\nhistorically the care economy has focused on children under 12, or adults over 65 childcare and eldercare, respectively.\nJoshin really is positioned to be the leader in that huge age gap thats out there, she said. We work with people at all stages of life, and I think its unfortunate that until now, thats been missing from the conversation.\nThe company plans to use its new capital in part to grow its network of care providers. It also aims to expand its corporate benefits program.\nWere continuing to scale our technology to lessen the burden of caregiving responsibilities for employees and their families, added Danielsen.\nOver the past 12 months, Joshins community of members and caregivers has grown 200%. With the new funding, the startup plans to expand its services to Los Angeles and Seattle. It is currently operational in its home base of Minneapolis, Minn., Chicago and New York City.\nJoshin will be soft launching in 8 new markets over the next few weeks and hopes to be national very soon, Fountaine said.\nThe startup is starting\nwith employers, and building up the data that it derives from that effort. Over the next year, it intends to partner with managed Medicaid organizations, and with both private and public insurance companies so that it can get families access to this care, quickly, said Danielsen.\nOur goal is to make this to make quality care free for families who need it, she told TechCrunch.\nChris Male, co-founder of the Autism Impact Fund, said his organization backs companies that are addressing unmet needs of the autism community. Finding, retaining, and coordinating care are three of the biggest hurdles that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families face, according to Male.\nJoshin has a proven ability to provide a reliable means to source caregivers with diverse skill sets and potential to serve as a platform for streamlining access to a variety of critical yet highly fragmented services for the special needs community, he said. Given the current insurance payer landscape and employer emphasis on DEI, Joshin is not only generating strong impact for a large disability market, but is a monetizable opportunity as both a reimbursable service and as a benefit to employees.\nBy partnering with employers, Male added, Joshin will help provide an environment of support that will allow employees to quickly and easily access key resources and thus minimize downtime. Matthew Jones, managing director at Anthemis, said his firm doubled down on its investment in the startup because it saw in its founders one of the strongest examples of founder-market fit out there. (Anthemis also led the companys $1.6 million funding round in July of 2020).\nThe progress that they have made since our last investment coupled with the insights that they have collected led us to believe that doubling down in this round was a no-brainer, he told TechCrunch.\nAlso, the complexity that comes with building technology in the space makes the barriers to entry very high, Jones added.\nThe teams grit, combined with their understanding of the problems and opportunities associated with disability-related care, set Joshin apart, he wrote via email. No other platform comes close in terms of having such specialized leaders at the helm, so its no surprise that corporates are lining up to add Joshin to their roster of employee benefits", "answer groups": ["funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "foundation", "company description", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nMore articles from the BDN\nPost navigation What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dirigo Labs hires Couture as growth manager. Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\nWATERVILLE Central Maine Growth Council is pleased to announce the appointment of Emalee Couture as growth manager for Dirigo Labs, a Waterville-based startup accelerator. Couture will be responsible for developing and managing relationships with a variety of organizations, startups, founders, and business professionals across New England, catalyzing entrepreneurship and innovation for both the mid-Maine region and the accelerator to ensure successful use of the Dirigo Labs platforms and suite of services.\nMaine has always felt like home to me, states Couture. I grew up here, went to school here, and Im so excited to be back in the state I love and have the opportunity to work for Dirigo Labs to support the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the central Maine region.\nCMGC designed and led the initiative to create Dirigo Labs, encouraging the establishment of a vibrant startup hub for the mid-Maine region. In 2020, CMGC received a federal grant from the U.S. Economic Development Agencys Build-to Scale Venture Challenge to implement the $1.2 million project. Core to the initiative will be the development of an innovation hub model that combines an entrepreneurship center, coworking space for remote workers, and an accelerator platform that empowers and connects entrepreneurs and startups with the innovation ecosystem, venture funding, and an entrepreneurial community to aggressively scale and master their business.\nEmalee previously served as an associate officer at the Massachusetts Institute for Technology Technology Licensing Office where she was responsible for evaluating and protecting inventions and working with entrepreneurs and established companies to execute on intellectual property agreements, enabling the commercialization of MIT inventions. Emalee graduated from the University of Maine at Orono in May 2018 with a bachelor of science in engineering physics with a concentration in mechanical engineering.\nEmalee is a perfect example of a boomeranger who has returned to Maine with much-needed experience that will ultimately help build a stronger economic future for our state, said Susan Ruhlin, managing director of Dirigo Labs. Her expertise in technology licensing and intellectual property assessment will be pivotal for the Dirigo Labs startup community; we are thrilled to have her on our growing and dynamic team.\nApplications for the Accelerator will open in late 2021, with an anticipated launch in early 2022. The cohort of innovation-based startups will participate in an entrepreneurship-focused curriculum, targeted mentoring sessions, and leverage the academic expertise from the accelerators partner institutions, student interns, and the regions general business community. For more information about Dirigo Labs and Central Maine Growth Council, please visit\nhttp://www.centralmaine.org/region/dirigo-labs/\n.\nCentral Maine Growth Council, located in Waterville, is a public-private collaborative regional economic development partnership funded by municipalities and businesses who share a common vision of economic prosperity for our region. CMGC is committed to fostering a robust regional economy. We believe that a vibrant, healthy economy best serves our citizens standard of living and quality of life.\nAs a public-private economic development partnership fostering a robust\nmid-Maine economy, CMGC is organizing the tech industrys ability to transition the post-manufacturing economy through the Dirigo Labs initiative. Through this initiative, Dirigo Labs will galvanize mid-Maines unique diversity of academic institutions and tech firms to develop a startup accelerator that harnesses the entrepreneurship and digital skills of our students, graduates, academic faculty, and business owners to build a sustainable tech and innovation hub that powers a thriving rural economy", "answer groups": [" company description", " executive statement", "executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "department establishment", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": "\nFor more information about Niche and how the company can help you, including the digital billboard, visit: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Health and Care Awards: Hospital team's is the best. Anti-social behaviour on trains in Wales on the rise\nSubsequently, ongoing support, guidance and reassurance is provided by a team of stoma nurses, whose work involves visiting patients in their homes, or in the case of many older people, their care homes.\nLast year an individual helped by both teams took time to show their appreciation by nominating the Stoma and Colorectal Nursing Department for the South Wales Argus Health & Care Awards.\nSenior nurse Donna Lafferty, one of those who attended the ceremony towards the end of 2019, describes how the accolade gave everybody a lift.\nI felt so proud of the ward and the stoma department because I know the work they put in and the passion they have for their patients and the fact this had been recognised was amazing, she says.\nIn addition, we were one of three finalists for the Aneurin Bevan Patient Choice Awards, a testament to the way they go over and above whats required of them.\nLike many hospital departments and nursing teams, Covid-19 has made a huge impact on the way the Stoma and Colorectal Nursing Department operates, placing huge pressures on an already busy team and increasing the levels of stress felt by patients.\nWhether its been helping those most in need of surgery to have their operations ahead of the first lockdown, finding new means of communications to enable people in hospitals to talk to their relatives or continuing to provide effective support and reassurance to those getting used to life with a stoma, the team has risen to every challenge.\nThe ages of the people we help stretch from late teens to eighties or nineties, which encompasses a wide range of abilities when it comes to technology, Ms Lafferty explains. Weve used whatever devices we can to make life better for our patients, and found ways to help those who need a different approach.\nMore recently a green pathway has been set up to enable elective surgeries to take place while minimising the infection risk as much as possible.\nWe have been doing some surgery but this is a more robust way through which were trying to get through the back log thats built up, says Ms Lafferty. The safety of our patients is paramount in all we do.\nA big thanks to our awards sponsor\nNICHE is sponsoring the GP Practice of the Year Category in the South Wales Argus Health & Care Awards.\nNiche is an award-winning firm of chartered financial planners, providing independent fixed-fee financial advice with a focus on lifetime financial planning.\nFounded in 2005, the company offers a range of services specialising in all areas of finance, from pension and retirement planning to mortgages and income protection.\nSpeaking about the decision to support this years South Wales Argus Health & Care Awards, Matt Wiltshire, managing director and chartered financial planner at Niche, said: After recently sponsoring the South Wales Argus Sports Awards and celebrating the best of local sport, we are proud to also support the South Wales Argus Health & Care Awards and help honour all those incredible health and care workers.\nNiches awards include the South Wales Arguss Contribution to the Community accolade.\nEarlier this year the company installed a giant digital billboard on the side of their office, which overlooks the M4 motorway next to the Brynglas Tunnels in Newport - topped by a red Welsh dragon overlooking the motorway at the River Usk.\nIts mission is to help local businesses, charities, and events shout about the good they do with an incredibly unique digital out-of-home (DOOH) advertising opportunity", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "article publication", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": "\n What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Nashville-based woman-led precision nutrition startup Rootine lands $3M. August 10, 2021\nFrom vitamins to minerals to weight loss pills, consumers have thousands of dietary supplements to choose from.\nBut what if you could find a formula made just for you?\nEnter\n, a Nashville-based precision health startup. Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to look at individual DNA, blood, and lifestyle test results, Rootine creates a hyper-customized daily micronutrient formula.\nAnd it seems to be taking off.\nIn addition to gaining celebrity clients like Carolina Panthers player Brian Burns, Rootine has landed $3 million in seed funding.\nThe future of health is data-driven and personalized, said Rachel Soper Sanders co-founder and CEO.\nThe raise boasts an eclectic mix of investors, including Novogenia GMBH, DSM Venturing, Duro VC, Launch TN Impact Fund, Cleo Capital and 20-plus angels including founders, executives, and clinicians from Havenly, Eterneva, Facebook, SoFI, Notion and Eight Sleep, among others.\nSanders said around 50% of participants are from underrepresented investor communities including women, people of color and the Latinx community.\nThe funds will be used towards investing in product and software development and expanding its team, which is currently at eight full-time employees.\nWe are actively hiring specifically in engineering and customer experience, Soper said.\n\nBooming business\nThe global dietary supplements market size is expected to reach $272 billion by 2028, according to a recent report\nThe pandemic has only helped fuel this growth, with the increasing demand for immunity-boosting supplements, including vitamins, minerals, and several herbs, it said.\nBack in 2018, Sanders, a Harvard Business School grad who previously worked in product and strategy at naviHealth, founded Rootine alongside Daniel Wallerstorfer a molecular biologist and geneticist based out of Manchester, England.\nThey had met through a mutual mentor at Techstars, a global platform for investment and innovation, and the professional sparks flew, Sanders recalled.\nWe both knew that nutrition was a key part of optimizing how we felt and performed every day, but when we looked at the solutions available at the time, we were unimpressed with the status quo, so we did something about it.\nFrom his lab in Manchester, Wallerstorfer built the foundation for their precision nutrition technology and a micronutrient product.\nThe result of our unique scientist/CEO partnership is Rootine.\nEven before the pandemic, they started building a remote-first workplace with headquarters in Nashville.\nNashville is the center of healthcare in the United States, has a great startup community that is growing fast, tons of entertainment, and the cost of living is more affordable than many cities on the coasts, Sanders said. For logistical reasons, the central location also makes a lot of sense to service the US market.\nGoing forward, Sanders said the company will continue operating remote-first but will have a physical location in Nashville as a home base post-pandemic for in-person events and collaboration both for the Rootine team and our member community.\nWe are entering a new era of human performance, Sanders said. Finally, there is a health stack for the empowered consumer and Rootine is an essential contributor", "answer groups": [" expanding geography", " executive statement", " alliance & partnership", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "event organization"]}, {"question": "\nPublished on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "C-CIDA identifies 3 local kits makers to ramp-up cost-effective Covid-19 testing. COMMENT\nKeeping widespread testing to be the core of Indias response to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, Bengaluru-based Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms C-CIDA (Covid-19 Innovation Deployment Accelerator) has identified three Indian start-up companies CoSara Diagnostics, Huwel Life Sciences and DNAXperts, to scale-up production of low-cost kits.\nC-CIDA has selected three indigenous diagnostic kit makers to ramp-up their production. Currently, two of the three companies have received regulatory approval from ICMR, and one is already in the market. The testing cost for all three companies has been pegged at around 1,000 per test, which is less than a quarter of the current cost of imported test kits at 4,500.\nLocally-made and locally-sourced testing kits like CoSara, Huwel and DNAXperts will strengthen Indias testing capacity and help in controlling the scale of transmission. Under the current circumstances, the faster we turn to locally manufactured low-cost, rapid and reliable diagnostic kits the better it will be to boost the number of tests to ICMRs target of one lakh a day, said Dr Taslimarif Saiyed, CEO & Director, C-CAMP.\nC-CIDA is backed by a multi-partner coalition of several Indian and global industry and investor bodies which include Social Alpha, United Nations Health Innovation Exchange or UNIHIE, MedTechConnect, Xynteo India2022, AIC-CCMB, CCMB, India Health Fund, PATH, Action Covid-19 Team or ACT and 91Springboard.\nCoSara Diagnostics\nAhmedabad-based CoSara Diagnostics is the first Indian company to get a test licence from CDSCO in late March. The kit that was in a fast-track validation study at NIV, Pune, has now received manufacturing licence and is ready to hit the market.\nTheir single-step reaction kit (RT-PCR) is based on a trademarked CoPrimer technology of US-based partner company Co-Diagnostics. The kit gives results in two and a half hours and costs a fraction of imported kits. The company can produce 20,000 kits a day.\nHuwel Lifesciences\nHuwel Lifesciences of Hyderabad is an end-to-end locally-made and locally-sourced kit that received ICMR approval and NARI validation in late March. Their product is a real-time qualitative PCR kit for quick diagnostics that reduces the testing time to less than two hours. Moreover, all molecular reagents and diagnostic consumables are being made in-house, an otherwise major loophole in availability and cost management. Their ultrafast and sensitive chip-based PCR can handle large volumes with ease, making a rapid and confirmatory diagnosis affordable and accessible.\nRecently, the company deployed a consignment of 10,000 kits in Telengana, with two more orders on the way.\nDNAXperts\nDNAXperts is a Noida-based company which has developed a fast, real-time PCR kit for Cov-2 RNA detection. It uses special probes for enhanced sensitivity and specificity, and takes less than an hour to test. A second kit that they have proposed does away with RNA extraction by directly putting the swab sample in a buffer. This test is expected to further reduce the time taken for results. DNAXperts is currently undergoing ICMR approval for both the kits. It can produce 8,000-10,000 kits a day with a capacity to scale up to one lakh kits", "answer groups": [" regulatory approval", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "patent publication", "closing", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nIn addition to Moore, upcoming features in the campaign include Sanderson Farms employees\nShaunta McDowell What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Sanderson Farms Celebrates Women in Agriculture. Sanderson Farms Celebrates Women in Agriculture\nLAUREL, Miss.\n,\nMarch 8, 2022\n/PRNewswire/ From the farm to the board room, and everywhere in between, women are thriving in all facets of the agriculture industry. As the industry is challenged to produce food more efficiently, sustainably and in increasing volume, female professionals are answering the call across the nation.\nTo coincide with International Womens Day on\nMarch 8\n, Sanderson Farms will celebrate the women who make up a vital part of its workforce for the remainder of the month by featuring a different female member of its workforce each week on its social media channels, along with a link to a brief employee profile on their website.\nThrough this special campaign, we will recognize women who have made invaluable contributions to this companys success, said\nLampkin Butts\n, president and chief operating officer of Sanderson Farms. These leaders are just examples of the many women working behind-the-scenes to keep our company operating at the top of our industry, and I couldnt be more thankful to have their insight and perspective guiding our company decisions each day.\nIn the U.S., more than half of all farming operations had at least one female operator, according to the 2019 Agricultural Resource Management Survey. The same survey found that women were the principal operator, or the operator primarily responsible for the daily operation of the farm, on 31 percent of farms specializing in poultry.\nToday, female leadership is not limited to just farming operations in the agriculture industry. According to a 2019 study conducted by the American Farm Bureau, 27 percent of 3,000 female respondents from 49 states identified their occupation as an agriculture-related business, not including farms or ranches. The same study found that 62 percent of female respondents have the opportunity to lead in the agricultural organization where they are involved.\nAt Sanderson Farms, the prevalence of women in agriculture is no different. Women account for nearly 45 percent of Sanderson Farms employees and nearly 27 percent of the companys management team, including female directors and division management. Of the new employees hired in fiscal year 2021 at Sanderson Farms, 44 percent were women.\nFor the nations third largest poultry producer, Sanderson Farms evident confidence in female leadership begins at the top with the companys board of directors. In 2021, the Womens Forum of\nNew York\nrecognized Sanderson Farms as a Corporate Champion for having over 40 percent of the companys board seats filled by women.\nSince the very beginning of our companys history over 75 years ago, women have been a crucial part of our success, said\nJoe F. Sanderson Jr.\n, chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Sanderson Farms. Throughout my career, I have been surrounded by women who have led with intelligence, integrity and courage, and, together, we have led this company through a period of growth that has been unparalleled in our industry.\nFor eight consecutive years, the company was also named a Winning W Company by an advocacy and education group, 20/20 Women on Boards, for its inclusion of women on its board of directors and in leadership positions. In 2021, the same organization, now known as 50/50 Women on Boards, named Sanderson Farms to its Gender Diversity Index with the indexs highest rating of companies with gender-balanced boards. Only seven percent of the companies on the Russel 3000 Index earned this highest rating.\nFirst launched in 2018, Sanderson Farms Women in Agriculture series seeks to spotlight hard-working professionals in vital roles across the company. While these women come from different life, educational and career backgrounds, they all bring unique contributions to our company and the industry.\nJust because the agricultural industry is mostly male-dominated, women should not doubt themselves or their abilities, said\nAndretta Moore\n, field employee relations manager for Sanderson Farms and one of the women being featured in the campaign. Sanderson Farms doesnt just say there are opportunities for women, they are actively placing women into positions of leadership. Whether on the board of directors or as division managers, I have seen Sanderson Farms take the opportunity to place the most qualified people into positions of authority", "answer groups": ["company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "closing", "hiring", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nLatest News What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "10 Genesee Co. communities making Medstar only EMS service. Share on LinkedIn\nMUNDY TWP., Mich. (WNEM)-\nTen Genesee County communities have signed on to an exclusive agreement with an emergency medical service provider.\nUnder the agreement, only Medstar will be able to provide EMS services in these specific areas.\nWe do have a sizable senior population in Mundy Township. And I know that weighed heavily on a number of our board members, said Mundy Township Manager Chad Young.\nMundy Township is one of numerous Genesee County locations that have exclusivity agreements with Medstar set to begin in 60 days.\nMedstar, the way that the agreement is structured, is guaranteeing to us that theyll respond within that nine-minute timeframe 90 percent of the time or greater, Young said.\nMedstar CEO Kolby Miller said the ambulance service will use a dynamic deployment model. A method that will promote safety, system design, and ems system effectiveness.\nWhen you staff on a demand model, you place your vehicles where the highest probability of a call is going to be for a safe response. And during the peak times we staff for peak volume. And then during the lower periods of volume request, you staff to cover the geography so that you can continue those safe responses, Miller said.\nMiller knows there are some people in Genesee County who have raised concerns over potential lawsuits, liability issues, or longer response time in the case that an ambulance from another company might be closer to the 911 call.\nI think that when you design vehicles so that youre preventing 35 and 40- and 50-minute response times that some of the periphery in the county is seeing, and managing all of the response times, you ultimately improve the response time for the system. Rather than just focusing on a 45 second or 50 second difference between one or two of the individual calls and using that as some sort of scare tactic, Miller said.\nYoung said Mundy Township can opt out of the agreement anytime with 30 days notice. But he hopes that is not necessary.\nWere gonna try. Were gonna take a shot at it and see if it does provide a discernible improvement to that quality of service to our residents and community, Young said.\nCopyright 2022 WNEM. All rights reserved", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "clinical trial sponsorship", "closing", "funding round"]}, {"question": " The San Jose, California jury, consisting of eight men and four women, also returned a verdict of not guilty on four other counts []\nPrimary Sidebar What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "ALung Technologies wins FDA de novo nod for Hemolung respiratory assist system. Abbott CEO touts future of biowearables in first-ever healthcare company keynote at CES\nAbbott (NYSE:ABT) Chairman & CEO Robert B. Ford highlighted what the future holds as he presented the first healthcare keynote ever at CES. Speaking at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2022 event, Ford headlined the Human-Powered Health: Unlocking the Possibility of You event, announcing that Abbott is developing a new category of biowearables called Lingo. Get []\nRing Precision Components, New Vision Industries and Dieco combine into The Producto Group\nCulper Capital Partners announced that it acquired Ring Precision Components, New Vision Industries and Dieco. As a result of the acquisition of the Ring Precision, New Vision and Dieco, Culper has formed its first control platform, the Producto Group, according to a news release. Ring Precision and Dieco were sold as part of a corporate []\nHow Abbott seeks to improve care, health inequities for people with cardiovascular disease\nAbbott is on a mission to grasp the scope of the patient journey through cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment. The companys Beyond Intervention Initiative kicked off a few years ago to improve patient care and quality of life. What Abbott found was that there is plenty of ground to make up. Thats what all these []\nVitalPath acquires Modern Catheter Technologies\nVitalPath announced today that it acquired catheter delivery system developer Modern Catheter Technologies. The Roseville, Minnesota-based company said in a news release that the acquisition builds upon its acquisition of VitalDyne in March 2021. Maplewood, Minnesota-based ModernCaths microcatheter expertise brings added strength to VitalPaths services in the neurovascular, coronary and peripheral market segments, the company []\nMedAcuity appoints new COO, VP of engineering\nMedAcuity announced today that it appointed Karl Pessinis as its COO and promoted Tony Carter to VP of engineering. Pessinis joins Westford, Massachusetts-based MedAcuity having most recently served as managing director at All Covered (Konica Minolta Technology Services), responsible for New England. His experience ranges across other technology services leadership roles as he has also []\nDesign patents can provide extra protection for medical robots\nFiling design patents can protect a medical robots overall aesthetic and the software user interface. Roman Fayerberg, Todd C. Basile and David J. Dykeman, Greenberg Traurig Medical robotics companies often emphasize utility patents when building strategic patent portfolios, given the complex nature of robotics technology. However, dont overlook design patents, which provide another layer of []\nThe pandemic tested Medtronics mettle: Its CFO explains how\nCFO Karen Parkhill discusses leadership, innovation and restructuring Medtronic the largest organization in medtech. Karen Parkhill drew on her experience in the banking industry to offer Medtronic a prognosis as the COVID-19 pandemic started rippling across the globe. Parkhill, Medtronics CFO and EVP, was CFO of JPMorgan Chases commercial banking business during and after the []\nTPG Capital makes majority investment in Confluent Medical Technologies\nConfluent Medical Technologies announced today that TPG Capital agreed to make a majority investment in the company. TPG Capital joins Amerpand Capital Partners, an existing investor that will retain a substantial minority interest in Confluent, according to a news release. Scottsdale, Arizona-based Confluent partners OEMs to support the design, development and manufacturing of life-saving implants, []\nAbbott sees the delivery system as a differentiator for its TAVR\nA top Abbott executive explains how the companys FlexNav delivery system could make the Portico TAVR competitive. Abbott is aiming to claw away market share from transcatheter aortic valve replacement pioneers Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. The Abbott Park, Illinoisbased medtech company in September announced FDA approval of its Portico with FlexNav TAVR system, more than []\nWithings plans launch for Body Scan smart scale platform\nWithings is promoting its Body Scan in-home connected health station smart scale platform, with a launch planned later this year. Las Vegas-based Withings Body Scan goes beyond weight management to offer a way for users to take proactive control over their health with segmental body composition, heart rate and vascular age monitoring, according to a []\nJury finds Elizabeth Holmes guilty on 4 counts\nAfter more than 50 hours and seven days of deliberations, the Elizabeth Holmes federal fraud trial jury found her guilty on four counts of wire fraud and conspiracy to commit wire fraud", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["foundation", "regulatory approval", "funding round", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nAbout The Author\nEsther is the Founder and Editor in Chief of NJ Tech Weekly\nLeave a Reply What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Jersey Shore Women in Tech Guest Anita OMalley Talks about Branding via LinkedIn. Women in Tech\n,\nAnita OMalley, founder and CEO of the digital and social media marketing firm Leadarati (Lincroft), gave the attendees at a recent Jersey Shore Women in Tech meeting tips on building their brands on LinkedIn.\nJersey Shore Women in Tech is an organization created to support, educate, mentor and develop a network for women in the information technology industry. The group previously met at the Cowerks coworking space in Asbury Park, but since March 2020, organizers Jenna Gaudio, Alison Lamano and Brittany Jacobs have been holding virtual meetings monthly.\nOMalley has been helping people with their LinkedIn profiles for more than 10 years and, full disclosure, she is also a former contributing columnist at NJTechWeekly.com.\nOMalley began the meeting by discussing branding and how it works. You to have to create an identifiable brand, she told the group. Whats the brand? Its everything you say. Its everything you write about. Its what you look like. Its what people think about you when they hear your name.\nLinkedIn, which specializes in business connections, is the ideal social networking space in which to create a profile that will present a 360-degree view of you as a person, OMalley said. If you are looking for work, for example, you want people to think of your expertise. Think a minute, and think about what your expertise is and lock it into your brain because, in branding yourself, everything you do has to point to that expertise.\nThe tips OMalley gave to the group were oriented towards helping people recognize their specific expertise and control how others see them online, rather than leaving it up to fate.\nHere are just some of OMalleys tips:\nStart with a photo. You want to have a photo that is friendly, approachable, close and high resolution. Stay away from photos picturing you in attire that is inappropriate for business, screenshots and the like.\nPay attention to the headline, the space under your name. This is the number-one place that LinkedIn grabs key words from, for its algorithm search. OMalleys own LinkedIn profile uses the following headline: Digital & Social Media Marketing | Content/PR | Demand Gen | IT Specialty | LinkedIn Brand Expert. This is a very valuable piece of real estate that, if you dont do anything with it, and you leave it up to default, the default is your title. I encourage you to use it for key words, she said.\nThe first two lines are most important in the About area, she said, because this is what people see in the profile. Probably the most common mistake that people make on LinkedIn is that they dont use it at all. They waste the opportunity to put expertise in there and also be ranked higher in a search. But, number two, theyll also use it to describe their company or will use it as a resume in the third person. Dont do that.\nUse the About section to tell a story about you and your expertise, but also a little bit about you as a person. Leadarati often trains software engineers, architects and some C-level executives, and they always want to be seen as having gravitas, having that high-level brand. So, we very carefully go through this About section and we tell a story.\nWhen writing your profile, dont use jargon. This is [true] in any business writing, but especially in your profile. This profile is not a brochure about your company. Its really about you. Remember, people are doing business with people that they like, and that they trust and that they feel are experts. Write your profile in a conversational style, she added.\nAlso make use of LinkedIns ability to add links, she said. You can and should upload documents that show a 360-degree view of your abilities, she noted.\nFor more information about the Jersey Shore Women in Tech organization, visit this\nRelated posts\nNJTW News: Happy Thanksgiving, Princeton START Program And More\n[This article was taken from NJTW News, an NJTechWeekly.com newsletter. Sign up for it here.] We wish you all a happy and healthy Thanksgiving week!...\nMentors Push You, Are Work Therapists, Are Sounding Boards and Much More, Gurevich Tells Jersey Shore Women in Tech\nRita Gurevich, founder and CEO of SPHERE Technology Solutions (Hoboken), came to the Jersey Shore Women in Tech meetup last month to talk with the..", "answer groups": ["participation in an event", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "partnerships & alliances", "subsidiary establishment", "expanding geography"]}, {"question": "\nFor more information about PrivateDoc, What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "PrivateDoc use CQC feedback to focus business transformation. Health care: Using negative feedback to make a positive change\nPUBLISHED: 08:30 11 November 2020\nSimon Weir\nFeedback from the regulator combined with agile IT development allowed PrivateDoc to change the way it worked Picture: PrivateDoc\nakr11_f - stock.adobe.com\nAt some point, every business will be told it can improve. PrivateDoc proves that sometimes it can be the best way not only to raise standards but to exceed them.\nEmail this article to a friend\nTo send a link to this page you must be logged in.\nPrivateDoc co-founder and managing director Paul Marshall Picture: PrivateDoc\nWorking in a tightly regulated environment can present challenges, especially if the regulator hands down a critical report. That doesnt have to be entirely negative, though: used correctly, responding to the feedback can transform a business.\nWhen the Care Quality Commission gave a negative rating to online medical clinic PrivateDoc, the team chose to see that not as a problem but as an opportunity to refine and improve its systems, making them not only more robust but also more scaleable.\nOur aim is not to just meet the minimum standards required by the regulator but to go beyond and be truly market leading, explains founder Paul Marshall. To be given a poor rating based on about 1pc of transactions was unacceptable to us, but it helped us reassess our systems.\nPrivateDoc is not an online pharmacy but an online clinic offering a range of treatments for everything from weight loss and stopping smoking to erectile disfunction and hair loss. This means it is much more strictly regulated. As patients are assessed by doctors, they have access to a range of prescription medications some of which are not available on the NHS.\nDr Alexandra Phelan, medical director of PrivateDoc Picture: PrivateDoc\nThe PrivateDoc doctors are very proud of the fact that were all GPs and we approach this clinic as if it is normal practice, says Dr Alexandra Phelan, medical director of PrivateDoc. Even before Covid-19, GPs have been working more digitally and since the pandemic it has been the standard way of working.\nHowever, working at this higher level means PrivateDoc is subject to the same level of scrutiny from the CQC as any GP practice or care-giver.\nWe want to be working at that level, to give patients the reassurance, says Mr Marshall. However, the CQC is astonishingly good at identifying inconsistencies. It didnt matter that we were nailing our standard operating procedure for 99pc of cases it was the 1pc of exceptions that were the issue.\nOne area that had to be adjusted was the system of record keeping. We took three steps: making staff more accountable; making the software more helpful; and then having quality improvement action (QIA) systems to monitor each record and ensure it gets to the right level, says Mr Marshall.\nPrivateDoc has the advantage of having a sister company, Kwiboo, that is a dedicated IT business able to quickly produce the necessary programming to update the systems.\nAs well as updating the record-keeping process to produce consistent, verifiable, date-stamped logs, PrivateDoc looked to enhance the system. It introduced a feature to allow key information to be pinned to the top of records, to help the doctors pick it up more quickly.\nAnother area to assess was the ID verification process, which initially was based on a three-step check using the industry-standard GBG Global ID database, the electoral role and the credit database. To develop an even more-robust system, PrivateDoc is introducing ground-breaking biometric checks.\nIts very similar to the systems used in the automatic gates at airports, Mr Marshall explains. We can use a scanned document like a passport and compare that to the patient on the webcam.\nThe system is even able to identify fake documents. Its a radical approach to using tech to solve the problem.\nSome of these innovations would not have come about if the CQC report had not flagged up areas that needed to be improved. Mr Marshall says PrivateDoc seized on the opportunity to show how good we are.\nStandards cant be allowed to dwindle and the way weve embedded the new processes means they will keep going for every patient, he concludes. Reacting to the feedback has allowed the business to not only satisfy the regulator but also create a solid platform for growth", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "investment in public company", "partnerships & alliances", "event organization"]}, {"question": "\nFollow me on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Natalist raises $5 million from Katrina Lake, Julia Cheek, Rock Health To Redesign The Prenatal Experience. The Ultimate Guide To Starting A Side Hustle Part 1: Passion Is Not The Way\nI am excited to work closely with this group of investors to pursue our vision for improving the fertility experience. Most of our investors are parents (three of them LGBTQ parents), each with their own unique fertility journey. So they bring not just capital, but an authentic connection and desire to push our mission forward and help others start families, said Halle Tecco, Founder and CEO.\nWith plans to expand its offering of evidence-based products and educational resources, Natalist is positioned to grow its reach in the family planning arena. Specifically, Natalist is in the R&D phase with a few additional products including products specifically designed to cover the needs of women with particular conditions like PCOS and endometriosis, as well as exploring products addressing male fertility.\nNatalist supplements\nNatalist\nThis November the company also plans to launch Parent Plans, a guided book and journal covering topics from conception to parenting philosophies. Natalist will offer a version of the book for LGBTQ couples that explores topics and concerns unique to this group.\nAn Often Difficult Journey Many Can Relate To\nAileen Lee, from Cowboy Ventures, highlights her passion to improve this space: From my own experience, I know how confusing and outdated existing fertility products and offerings can be. The Natalist team is well positioned to redesign what it means to start a family. Im proud to be an investor and join them on this mission.\nJulia Cheek, CEO of EverlyWell, at-home lab-testing company that raised $50million last April, said: Its an incredibly exciting time in the womens health space, and particularly in fertility where women and their partners are proactively sharing their fertility journeys and looking for communities like Natalist to support them. As a new mom myself, Im excited to back the Natalist team to support others embarking on what can be a lonely and emotional process for many women.\nChristine Lemke, Cofounder and President of Evidation Health, a Series C health technology and service company that helps innovative life sciences and healthcare organizations understand how everyday behavior impact health outcomes, emphasizes the big opportunity in this space. My fertility journey, along with many others, is fraught, confusing, and full of unreliable and under-researched information. This creates a compelling opportunity in multiple dimensions its a large and unformed market, and when the problem is addressed, Natalist can positively impact families everywhere.\nThe group not only recognizes the urgent need to deliver better support to future parents during their fertility journey, but also the lack of personalized product selections and evidence-based educational resources for the various groups of people who have different needs, and is committed to continuing their efforts in this direction with this funding round", "answer groups": ["funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["executive appointment", "other", "new initiatives or programs", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Reckitt to sell E45 skincare brand for 200m. Reckitt to sell E45 skincare brand for 200m\nBy\n24 December 2021\nConsumer giant ReckittBenckiser has agreed the sale of skincare brand E45 for 200 million.\nThe Slough-based company, which also owns brand including Dettol and Durex, told investors on Friday morning that it is set to sell the business to Swedish group Karo Pharma.\nE45 cream was created in 1952 by Reckitt subsidiary Crookes Healthcare and was initially only available in hospitals.\nHowever, increased demand and positive results saw the brand move into traditional retail.\nIn the financial year to December 2020, the E45 brand and related sub-brands had a combined net revenue of 43 million.\nNow is the right time to pass E45 on to a new owner, and we are confident that Karo will build on the strength of the E45 brand to capture the significant opportunities ahead\nThe proposed sale is the latest move by Reckitt to shake up its portfolio in a bid to focus on higher growth areas of its operations.\nIt comes after the firm sold its infant formula and child nutrition business in China and its Scholl foot treatment brand earlier this year.\nReckitts strategy also saw it acquire menthol treatment business Biofreeze in July.\nChief executive Laxman Narasimhan aid: E45 is an iconic, trusted skincare brand that over 60 years has become a leader in science-based skincare.\nAs we shift from a brand-led to a category-led growth strategy, we are focusing on high growth categories with brands we can stretch into new places and spaces to support our medium-term growth ambitions, including 4%-6% growth in health.\nNow is the right time to pass E45 on to a new owner, and we are confident that Karo will build on the strength of the E45 brand to capture the significant opportunities ahead.\nThe sale is subject to closing conditions, including consultations with employee representatives in France, but is expected to complete in the second quarter of next year.\nThe best videos delivered daily\nWatch the stories that matter, right from your inbox\nThanks, your email has been added to our newsletter.\nThanks, your email has been added to our newsletter.\nSubmitting..", "answer groups": [" m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "new initiatives & programs", "new initiatives or programs", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": "\n0 What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Healthtech startup Solutionreach launches SR Health, an AI-enabled solution to increase patient engagement for healthcare providers. SR Health\n, an AI-enabled solution to solve patient engagement challenges for hospitals, health systems, and enterprise healthcare organizations.\nSR Healths AI-powered patient engagement solutions leverage Solutionreachs 20 years of experience and data, including two billion interactions per year with more than 80 million patients throughout the U.S. to approach healthcare communications with ease and cohesiveness for both patients and providers regardless of the size of organization.\nFounded in 2000 by Jim Higgins, Solutionreach is revolutionizing the healthcare experience for both providers and their patients. Through its market-leading patient relationship management platform, Solutionreach supports higher patient satisfaction and loyalty, greater efficiency, and ultimately, stronger healthcare organizations. Solutionreach partners with more than 25,000 provider organizations in numerous specialties.\nDespite their enormous footprint and impact on the health of our communities, healthcare enterprises are extremely underserved today when it comes to practical, real-world tools to engage their patients, says Josh Weiner, CEO of Solutionreach. Our mission with SR Health is to be a breath of fresh air in patient engagement for larger organizations by building upon our 20 years of market leadership and connecting patients to their providers across all healthcare specialties.\nDesigned with enterprise healthcare providers in mind, the SR Health platform meets large organizations needs to control access and permissions for numerous departments and user roles. Administrators can create different roles to match functional teams (marketing, front desk, call center, etc.) and give users the appropriate levels of access. Tied with Solutionreachs history of patient engagement such as the optimal timing and frequency of communications, this information will assist in optimizing outcomes, adhering to generational preferences in how patients communicate with their healthcare providers, and fueling SR Health as an emerging leader in large-scale personalized communications within healthcare.\nAt Boston Childrens Hospital, we strive to create an optimal patient and family experience to accompany our world-renowned care, says Kevin Pawl, Senior Director, Patient Access at Boston Childrens Hospital. It was important to our team to find a partner that could deliver practical and effective solutions for timely communication. We are excited to collaborate with SR Health to help transform the patient and family communication experience.\nSR Healths unique approach to patient engagement includes the ability for providers to create flows for a broad spectrum of patient communications. These flows meet patients and staff needs simultaneously by adhering to patient preferences for messaging channels (text, email, etc.) while saving time by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to efficiently handle routine interactions with patients more quickly. Communications related to scheduling (appointment confirmations, pre-visit instructions, recalls, etc.), care plans (post-visit surveys, education, etc.), ongoing outreach (marketing campaigns, review requests, etc.), and billing are easily customizable and configurable via the SR Health platform.\nWhile we continue to extend our leadership position among dental, vision, and independent medical practices, the launch of SR Health marks a re-dedication to solving patient engagement challenges for ALL patient-provider environmentsincluding hospitals and large health systems, says Weiner", "answer groups": ["company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", " hiring", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nSee also What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Sony Honda forge strategic e-mobility alliance. Read time\n2min 20sec\nJapanese multinational electronics corporation Sony Group has signed a memorandum of understanding with automobile manufacturer Honda Motor, which outlines their intent to establish a new company focusing on e-mobility.\nAccording to the Japanese tech giants, the strategic alliance aims to create a new era of mobility through which they will engage in the joint development and sales of high value-added battery electric vehicles (EVs) and commercialise them in conjunction with providing mobility services.\nThe alliance aims to bring together Honda's mobility development capabilities, vehicle body manufacturing technology and after-sales service management experience, with Sony's expertise in the development and application of imaging, sensing, telecommunication, network and entertainment technologies, to develop a new generation of mobility and services, and continue to evolve going forward.\nSee also\nContinental shift needed to up electric vehicles in Sub-Saharan Africa\nSonys purpose is to fill the world with emotion through the power of creativity and technology, says Kenichiro Yoshida, representative corporate executive officer, chairman, president and CEO of Sony Group.\nThrough this alliance with Honda, which has accumulated extensive global experience and achievements in the automobile industry over many years and continues to make revolutionary advancements in this field, we intend to build on our vision to make the mobility space an emotional one, and contribute to the evolution of mobility centred around safety, entertainment and adaptability.\nSales of the first EV model from the new company are expected to start in 2025. The new entity is expected to plan, design, develop and sell the EVs, but not own and operate manufacturing facilities, according to the companies.\nHonda is expected to be responsible for manufacturing the first EV model at its vehicle manufacturing plant. It is expected that a mobility service platform will be developed by Sony and made available for the new entity.\nThe new company will aim to stand at the forefront of innovation, evolution and expansion of mobility around the world, by taking a broad and ambitious approach to creating value that exceeds the expectations and imagination of customers, says Toshihiro Mibe, director, president, representative executive officer and CEO of Honda Motor.\nWe will do so by leveraging Hondas technology and know-how in relation to the environment and safety, while aligning the technological assets of both companies.\nAlthough Sony and Honda are companies that share many historical and cultural similarities, our areas of technological expertise are very different. Therefore, I believe this alliance brings together the strengths of our two companies, and offers great possibilities for the future of mobility", "answer groups": [" product launching & presentation", "subsidiary establishment", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "department establishment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Healthcare Sector Enters the Gig Economy: Nurses Join ShiftPixy Platform. Tweet\nShare\nShiftPixy, a human capital management platform, has announced an alliance with US Wellness through which US Wellness will immediately place 9,000 of its nurses on the ShiftPixy platform.\nThe rise of the gig economy has been steady for the past few years. With the pandemic, however, its growth has increased dramatically. With more awareness about how gig workers contribute to business, the need to reduce fixed costs in the form of full-time employees and the ability to map ready-to-hire talent to immediate requirements have contributed to this segment.\nMost sectors have already created a thriving non-traditional gig workforce that works seamlessly alongside its regular, full-time workers, with these employees bringing specific expertise to the project at hand. The hospitality sector was one of the first few to move to this model. It is estimated that the percentage of workers participating in the gig economy will\nand that more than 90% of the workers would consider freelancing or independent contracting work.\nHealthcare Embraces the Gig Economy\nThe healthcare industry is now embracing this change in business operations too.\nShiftPixy has announced an alliance with US Wellness\nthrough which US Wellness, an employee wellness provider, will immediately place 9,000 nurses on the ShiftPixy platform. ShiftPixy is a human capital management platform that drives employment in the gig economy through the use of next-gen mobile engagement technology. It helps businesses with shift-based employees so that they can minimize their administrative burdens and connect quickly with a ready-for-hire workforce.\nThe current approach toward talent acquisitionand deployment is not working effectively for healthcare workers. Nurses, for example, face the risk of burnout, being forced to overwork due to internal staffing gaps. This can result in loss of productivity and affect patient safety. Healthcare workers also want to have some degree of control over their work schedules so that they can maintain a healthy work-life balance.\nShiftPixy\nco-founder and CEO Scott Absher said, We will be working diligently with our new partner to immediately on-board 9,000 members of the US Wellness team, followed by an expected additional 11,000 team members over the coming weeks. We couldnt be more excited to enter this important alliance and look forward to helping US Wellness achieve its vital corporate mission for years to come.\nHR Technology News:\nWeekly HR Tech Partnership Watch: Relias and Kronos Become Partners to Benefit Healthcare Customers, and More\nThe Gig Tech Space Is Thriving\nHiring for the gig economy is different from the traditional talent acquisition process. Solution providers and platforms must have a more in-depth insight into what the company wants since the contracts are short term and usually more demanding. Sometimes companies prefer to work with a managed service provider so that they can help manage their contingent workforces and manage compliance risks. For example, PeopleScout MSP Solutionsworks in this space for gig workers and temporary staff.\nSome well-known platforms that have been providing gig workers are\nFreelancer\nand Upwork These platforms, however, are different from ShiftPixy in the way they are designed. On these platforms, freelancers can browse for jobs, check client ratings, and place bids on projects. They can also communicate with clients right through the platform and manage their invoicing process. But for healthcare, a dedicated provider is essential.\nApart from such networks, other apps are also common.\nWonolo\nis an on-demand staffing platform that helps job seekers to connect with hourly or same-day jobs from well-known brands.\nAmid these universal apps, there are two other kinds of apps as well those that cater to specific talent pools only and those that are an extension of a large organizations business need. Care.com which provides opportunities to caregivers for jobs in childcare, adult and senior care, pet care, and home care, is an example of the first. Amazon Flex which provides temporary jobs in delivery services, is an example of the second.\nPlatforms like ShiftPixy manage compliance and scheduling in addition to staffing. The app offers insights on labor law compliance as well as shift hours worked, break frequency, and time between shifts.\nHR Technology News:\nTalent Gaps in Healthcare Industry: How the Randstad US and AMN Healthcare Partnership Could Address It\nThe gig economy is here to stay, and solutions that cater to its varied requirements are evolving continually. The question is whether they will evolve as fast as the changes the workplace is undergoing and whether they will be able to change organizations mindset about using them on a larger scale", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["foundation", "company description", "support & philanthropy"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Suited for speed, manufacturer helps Ford crank out ventilators. Save\nAnother area manufacturer has joined the fight against COVID-19.\nMME Group of Vadnais Heights is partnering with Ford Motor Co. in its quest to assemble 50,000 medical ventilators in 100 days. In late March, Ford announced its plans to retool a Michigan facility to produce the lifesaving device. The Detroit automaker signed a $336 million contract with the federal government last week sealing the deal. The facility expected to open April 20.\nMME was selected to manufacture an intricate silicone diaphragm component critical to the function of the ventilators, which keep people alive when they cant breathe on their own.\nTypical lead times to produce this type of part is two to three months. MME built tooling to begin production in 10 days.\nRight now, things require rapid response times, not status-quo processes, said Robert Archambault, owner and CEO. For decades, MME has built its entire business on providing fast reaction to urgent demand. We are motivated and driven to use those resources to aid in the health needs of our communities.\nThe ventilator part is just one item MME is making in the battle against coronavirus. When an existing customer based in Kansas City requested its Eagle series of masks increase in production by tenfold, the company responded. The Eagle mask, which aids in short-term respiratory support and/or ventilation, is designed for a single use. Demand is expected to hit 200,000, which is 10 times the normal volume.\nCoincidentally, MME is also partnering with Breathe99, the patent-pending social mask featured in a separate story this week.\nLex Reinke heads up sales and marketing for MME. He reached out to Breathe99 designer Max Bock-Aronson last August after seeing the startup online. I had confidence in what they were doing pretty quickly, Reinke recalled. This was even before the virus hit China. The mask was unique and designed by engineers. I knew masks were popular on a global scale, and this one was different from those you see people wearing on a daily basis. It is a medical, high-grade quality mask with an everyday, kind of fashionable look. I hadnt seen that before.\nThe Vadnais company is working daily to reallocate resources to put personal protection equipment\nproducts first, Archambault said. We are also reaching out to all of our clients and the manufacturing industry as a whole to offer additional services in engineering, tooling, molding and assembly to aid anyone who is on the front lines of the COVID-19 fight and unable to keep up with the demands. It is our duty as a critical sector manufacturer in America.\nArchambault has led MME since he bought out the owner of a small tool shop called Minnesota Mold and Engineering in 2001 and turned it into a full-service contract manufacturer employing 140 people.\nMost of MMEs manufacturing is for medical device companies, as well as consumer and defense contracts that require FDA and ISO certifications. It operates 24/7 in more than 75,000 square feet of space, spread over the main headquarters off Labore Road and a smaller distribution facility in Maplewood.\nWould he say MME is in the right place at the right time during this health crisis? I wouldnt use that phrase, but were the right company built to serve, Archambault replied.\nAfter the great recession, we made a corporate decision to do more highly regulated products things that matter. We have a strong people-first culture. We try to be involved in the community and our people are always looking for ways to give back. To be able to help (in this crisis) is a gift. Its been almost ordained", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " service & product providing"], "distractor groups": ["funding round", "m&a", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Businesses urged to support Eden Valley Hospice ambassadors scheme. charity has launched a scheme for businesses to help support its work with people with life-limiting illnesses, their families and carers.\nUnder Eden Valley Hospice and Jigsaw, Cumbrias Childrens Hospices\nBusiness\nAmbassadors scheme allows businesses to support the charity from as little as 365 just 1 a day.\nIn return, the companies will receive a range of benefits, including priority access to hospice events and sponsorship opportunities, corporate volunteering opportunities and much more.\nThe first company to join the hospices Business Ambassadors scheme is Stobart Rail & Civils. Managing director Kirk Taylor said: I have been to the hospice a few times now, met the team and have seen first-hand the amazing work carried out there.\nWe are very proud to be Business Ambassadors and consider each one of our staff members a representative.\nThis is a cause we are delighted to support.\nNatalie Bingham, corporate relationship co-ordinator at Eden Valley Hospice and Jigsaw, said: We are delighted to have Stobart Rail & Civils as our first hospice Business Ambassadors.\nHere at Eden Valley Hospice and Jigsaw we rely on the support of generous businesses who help us to continue providing care to our patients and families when they need it the most.\nIts important for us that our partnerships are mutually beneficially.\nOur Businesses Ambassador scheme is open to local, regional and national organisations and all of them get to enjoy a range of benefits.\nFor more information, visit www.edenvalleyhospice.org, www.jigsawhospice.org or contact the fundraising team on 01228 810801", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", "new initiatives or programs", " support & philanthropy", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["subsidiary establishment", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": ")\nT What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Is Technology Any Match for a Dogs Nose? This Project is Trying.. Is Technology Any Match for a Dogs Nose? This Project is Trying.\nSam Prickett\nApril 14, 2019\nShare this story:\nEric Housh, who co-founded the medical technology company AerBetic, keeps these boxing gloves in his office as a reminder of the fight that comes with starting a small business. (Source: Solomon Crenshaw Jr.)\nIn some ways, Birmingham-based medical technology company AerBetic is attempting to imitate one of the most sensitive detection devices in nature: a dogs nose.\nThe idea came from diabetic alert dogs, said AerBetic co-founder Eric Housh, referring to canines trained to alert diabetic owners when their blood sugar is too low, something they can smell on their owners breath. While those dogs are effective, Housh said, they can be prohibitively expensive. Plus, theres a long wait time to get one, and you cant really take the dog everywhere, right? he added.\nHis proposed solution is a non-invasive diabetes alert device that uses your exhaled breath to infer your diabetic status. Its a product thats been in development in Birmingham for two years, with assistance from the citys medical and technical research community. A limited-run beta model is slated to be completed this year, and the company expects to have a consumer-ready version of the device next year.\nWhen we came up with this idea, we knew we wanted to found the company here, to grow the company here, said Housh, who co-founded the company with current CEO Arnar Thors. Its always been our mission to bring this sort of advanced product to market and do it from right here in Birmingham.\nAerBetic works through tiny gas sensors that can detect down to the parts-per-billion level. Those sensors, once programmed to detect the same exhaled volatile organic compounds that the dog looks for, will be attached to wearable devices, which in turn are connected to a mobile app.\nAerBetics technology uses tiny sensors, which will be attached to wearable devices, to alert diabetics when their blood sugar is too low. (Solomon Crenshaw Jr", "answer groups": ["new initiatives & programs", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["executive statement", "funding round", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " Its VinCommerce arm operates one of the countrys largest co What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "DSM announces early redemption of 500 million bond. A major gold rush may be about to kick off in Canada, with one little-known miner having surpassed all expectations with its latest drill results\n8h ago\nBitcoins Obstacles Mount Amid China Cryptocurrency Warning\n(Bloomberg) -- Bitcoin and other major cryptocurrencies slumped after the Peoples Bank of China conveyed a statement reiterating that digital tokens cant be used as a form of payment.The largest token fell below $40,000 for the first time since early February, dropping as much as 10% to $38,973 on Wednesday and continuing a weeklong slide sparked by Elon Musks back-and-forth comments on Tesla Inc.s holdings of the coin. Ether, Dogecoin and last weeks sensation, Internet Computer, also retreated.This is the latest chapter of China tightening the noose around crypto, said Antoni Trenchev, managing partner and co-founder of Nexo in London, a crypto lender.Virtual currencies should not and cannot be used in the market because theyre not real currencies, according to a notice posted on the PBOCs official WeChat account. Financial and payments institutions are not allowed to price products or services with virtual currency, the notice said.The statement doesnt have any new regulatory steps, according to Yu Lingqu, a vice director at the China Development Institute think-tank in Shenzhen. The notice was conveyed by the central bank but compiled by industry associations rather than government officials, making it less powerful, according to Liu Yang, a lawyer at Beijing-based law firm DeHeng Law Offices.They just want caution, said Bobby Lee, founder and chief executive officer of crypto storage provider Ballet. They feel the market is over-hyped, theres speculative trading, theyre looking out for the best interests of the people.Beijing since 2017 has abolished initial coin offerings and clamped down on virtual currency trading within its borders, forcing many exchanges overseas. The country was once home to about 90% of trades but the lions share of mining and major players have since fled abroad.China has recently taken steps to issue its own digital yuan, seeking to replace cash and maintain control over a payments landscape that has become increasingly dominated by technology companies not regulated like banks.Its no surprise to me, as Chinese capital controls can be challenged by cryptocurrency purchases in the country and transfers out of the country, said Adam Reynolds, CEO for APAC at Saxo Markets. So avoiding use of them in the country is essential to maintaining capital controls. The only tolerable digital currency to a government with strong capital controls is their own CBDC.Many chartists and technical analysts are looking at Bitcoins 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI), which entered oversold levels Tuesday, as well as the 200-day moving average around $39,800. Breaching the 200-DMA could mean it drops to $30,000, where its previously found support.Read more: Bitcoin Chartists See Rout Worsening With $40,000 in FocusFor Stephane Ouellette, chief executive and co-founder of FRNT Financial, the moves have more to do with Musks recent tweets about Bitcoin.TSLAs entrance into the space saw some of the most aggressive BTC buying Ive personally ever seen -- and it has to unwind, Ouellette said. The EV-makers retraction that it will accept Bitcoin as payment was the catalyst that accelerated the spread consolidation. Then over the weekend, little comments here and there have continued to confuse, he said.Meanwhile, the latest Bank of America fund manager survey showed that Long Bitcoin is the most crowded trade in the world right now. The poll captures 194 fund managers with $592 billion worth of assets under management overall.When an asset becomes the most crowded trade in the BofA survey, it has frequently signaled a near-term pullback in the past, said Matt Maley, chief market strategist for Miller Tabak + Co. When you combine this with the news out of China, its not a surprise that Bitcoin is seeing some more weakness.(Updates markets starting in second paragraph.)More stories like this are available on bloomberg.comSubscribe now to stay ahead with the most trusted business news source.2021 Bloomberg L.P.\n2h ago\nAlibaba Leads $400 Million Investment in Vietnam Retail Firm\n(Bloomberg) -- Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. and partners are investing $400 million in Vietnamese conglomerate Masan Group Corp.s retail arm, a deal that will expand the Chinese e-commerce giants online groceries business in Southeast Asia.Alibaba and Baring Private Equity Asia are leading a consortium that will take a 5.5% stake in The CrownX, which holds Masans interests in Masan Consumer Holdings and VinCommerce, while the conglomerate will own 80.2% of the firm following the investment, according to a statement Tuesday. The deal implies a pre-investment valuation of $6.9 billion for The CrownX, the statement showed.Masan is in advanced talks with other investors on a further investment of $300 million to $400 million into The CrownX that is expected to close in 2021, the company said. Shares of the Vietnamese corporation rallied as much as 2.7% in early trading Tuesday.As part of the deal, the Vietnamese retail firm will team up with Alibabas Southeast Asian unit Lazada to expand its digital business in the country. Jack Mas corporation is seeking to expand its foothold in Southeast Asia, home to more than 650 million people, as competition and regulatory scrutiny intensify in its home market of China. Vietnams digital economy is forecast to grow to $52 billion by 2025, an annual 29% increase from 2020, according to estimates by Bain & Co., Google and Temasek.The move should strengthen Lazadas competitive position by broadening its offerings in groceries, similar to the RedMart acquisition in Singapore, Bloomberg Intelligence senior analyst Vey-Sern Ling said. The Southeast Asia e-commerce markets are nascent and Alibaba will probably invest much more in the future, especially since competition in the region is increasing.VinCommerce will provide groceries to Lazadas e-commerce platform in Vietnam and turn its physical stores into pick-up points for online orders, according to the statement. Groceries account for half of the countrys retail market and a quarter of consumer spending, but online penetration is still nascent, the statement said.Our immediate priority is to modernize Vietnams grocery market and develop an unparalleled consumer proposition from assortment to shopping experience, said Danny Le, chief executive officer of Masan Group.Masan Group is controlled by Vietnamese tycoon Nguyen Dang Quang. Founded in 1996, the Ho Chi Minh City-based firm is best-known for its fish sauce which it sells under brands including Chin-Su and Nam Ngu, according to its website. It has interests in retailing and mining as well as a stake in Vietnam Technological & Commercial Joint-Stock Bank, commonly known as Techcombank", "answer groups": [" company description", " executive statement", "investment in public company", " expanding geography", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["participation in an event"]}, {"question": "com/winter-clothing-drive What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "JonnyPops and Kowalskis team up for winter clothing drive. St. Louis Park-based JonnyPops and grocery store chain Kowalskis Market are pairing up to provide in-store winter clothing donation boxes benefiting Josephs Coat and Sharing & Caring Hands.\nThe effort coincides with World Kindness Day Friday, Nov. 13.\nAll 11 Kowalskis Market stores across the metro area will house multiple donation bins for winter clothing and hygiene product collection Saturday, Nov. 7, through Sunday, Nov. 15. JonnyPops will provide each donor with a buy-one-get-one-free coupon for its pops that can be used at any retail location.\nEveryone has the power to change the world with something as simple as an act of kindness, said Erik Brust, CEO of JonnyPops. It is so important to recognize that we are all better when we stand together.\nThe frozen treat company has built a kind-deed generator online to help promote creating good deeds. All submissions will be considered for new stick sayings in 2021.\nFor more information and a list of most needed donation items for the donation drive, visit jonnypops", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " executive statement", " support & philanthropy"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "department establishment", "expanding geography"]}, {"question": "\nShare What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pathway to Living Adds 22 Communities in $97M Transaction With Welltower. Send email\nPathway to Living is dramatically growing its senior housing portfolio with the addition of 22 communities in a transaction with Welltower (NYSE: WELL).\nThis partnership with Welltower is one that, when combined with our design and construction platform and middle-market management expertise, will bring an elevated experience to seniors across the 22-property portfolio, Pathway to Living CEO Jerry Finis told Senior Housing News. Looking ahead, the competition in the sector will intensify and present new challenges, so we believe our expertise in the sector will continue attracting attention from potential partners keeping Pathway to Living on its growth plan into the future.\nThe Toledo, Ohio-based real estate investment trust (REIT) completed the acquisition of the 22-property portfolio for a purchase price of $97 million, which represents a significant discount to replacement cost, the company stated in a business update issued Tuesday. Newmark (NYSE: NMRK) handled the sale, vice chairman Chad Lavender told SHN.\nAdvertisement\nWelltower is also under contract to purchase another seven-community senior housing portfolio for approximately $50 million, a deal that is expected to close in in the third quarter of 2021.\nA representative for Welltower declined to elaborate on the portfolio addition when reached by SHN.\nThe move is set to nearly double Pathways senior housing portfolio, which numbered 29 communities before the transaction. Pathway operates in six states, according to its website.\nAdvertisement\nReal estate firm Waterton bought a controlling stakein Pathway to Living in 2019. The company has pursued a multi-brand strategy in building out its portfolio, with its Azpira Place, Aspired Living and Victory Centre properties serving different price points.\nPathway to Living CEO Jerry Finis traces the companys originsback to the development of two communities in Illinois in 1997. The companys original focus was in affordable senior housing, but that later evolved into a focus on private-pay senior housing.\nIn more recent years, Pathway has helped lead the wellness charge in the senior living industry with its Viva operating framework. The provider was also among the first in the U.S. to begin building wellness centers into communities, according to COO Maria Oliva\nRecommended SHN+ Exclusives\nWelltower has in 2021 broadened and deepened its ties to senior housing operating companies. For instance, the Toledo-Ohio based real estate investment trust (REIT) in May inked a new partnership with Treplus Communitiesthat promises to expand the best-in-class Treplus product offering into Welltowers senior living portfolio.\nWelltower also in Februaryannounced it had acquired from Healthpeak Properties (NYSE: PEAK) a 790-unit portfolio of senior housing communities operated by Harbor Retirement Associates (HRA).\nIn recent weeks, leaders with Welltower have reported an uptick in lifestyle-driven consumers, which CEO Shankh Mitra said was a pleasant surprise.\nI honestly thought you were going to see more needs-based residents coming first and probably lifestyle residents would wait another six months, Mitra said last monthat the RBC Capital Markets Global Healthcare Conference.\nWelltower in April saw the first occupancy gains in its SHO portfolio since the start of the pandemic. As of June 4, spot occupancy in the REITs senior hosing operating portfolio spot registered at 73.8% The REIT still has a hill to climb to get back to its pre-pandemic occupancy total of 85.6% in January, 2020", "answer groups": [" investment in public company", " company description", "alliance & partnership", " executive statement", " expanding geography"], "distractor groups": ["other"]}, {"question": "\nFollow me on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cannabis Company Cresco Labs To Acquire Columbia Care For $2 Billion. Click on the conversation bubble to join the conversation\nGot it!\nBig Bud: Cresco announced it will acquired Columbia Care for $2.1 billion to form one of the largest cannabis companies in the country.\nAP Photo/Richard Vogel\nC\nresco Labs, the Illinois-based cannabis producer, will acquire New York-based Columbia Care for $2 billion in an all-stock transaction.\nIf the deal is completed, Cresco will become one of the countrys largest cannabis producers and retailers with over 100 dispensaries across 18 states.\nWe couldnt be more excited, says Charlie Bachtell, CEO of Cresco. Its a unique opportunity to create industry leadership; it's a very important time with some sort of federal regulatory reform, we think, on the horizon.\nMarijuana is still illegal on the federal level but 37 states have some sort of regulated market, with 18 allowing adult-use sales. Last year, legal sales totaled $26 billion in the U.S. and by 2030 the legal market will grow to around $65 billion, according to Cowen.\nNicholas Vita, the co-founder and CEO of Columbia Care, will join Crescos board but Bachtell is expected to lead the company.\nReuters first reported late Tuesday that the two companies were nearing an agreement.\nThe deal will have hurdles, including divesting a number of dispensaries and a few licenses in states where the two companies overlap, like Arizona, Florida, Illinois Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio. New York, where medical marijuana is legal and the states adult-use market is in the process of launching, is projected to be a $4.2 billion market within five years. Its a great opportunity where we do have overlapthey are incredibly valuable states that that people want to be in, so there's a good market for divestment, says Bachtell.\nColumbia Care will expand Crescos presence to states like long-standing cannabis markets like California and Colorado, as well as states like New Jersey and Virginia, which have both passed adult-use but havent launched sales yet. We have the material markets of today, but [Columbia Care] has the markets of tomorrow, Bachtell says.\nUnder the terms of the deal, Cresco will acquire all the issued and outstanding Columbia Care shares. Columbia Care shareholders will receive 0.5579 of a Cresco Labs share for each Columbia Care share, which represents a 16% premium based on the closing price Columbia Care and 19% premium of Cresco Labs shares. Columbia Care shareholders will hold approximately 35% of Cresco Labs.\nSince our founding, our mission has been to deliver the best outcome for our stakeholders, Vita said in a statement. In an evolving industry, the opportunities to better achieve our mission through consolidation led us to this historic moment.\nBoth companies are publicly listed in Canada due to the U.S. federal ban on cannabis. Columbia Care and Cresco have seen their stock prices crater 50% over the last year, but they are not alonethe entire industry has had difficulty keeping stock prices up as the U.S. government has not made meaningful progress in cannabis reform during the Biden administration.\nThe combined company will have the second-largest retail footprint in the industry after Trulieve. (Cresco has 49 dispensaries and Columbia has 99.)\nThe new company will also diversify the number of states in which the bulk of Crescos revenue comes from. Right now, 80% of its revenue is derived from Illinois, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. If the deal closes, those states will only make up 50% of the companys revenue, with states like Colorado and Florida and New Jersey climbing up the list.\nWe focus on cannabis like the consumer packaged good that it is, and having access to 70% of the addressable market is how we turn our brand portfolio into the Miller High Life, Coca-Cola and Johnnie Walker Blue Label of cannabis, says Bachtell", "answer groups": ["m&a", " company description", " executive appointment", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "other"]}, {"question": ": What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "CBE Shanghai 2019. Sketch\nThe 24th edition of the China Beauty Expo (CBE) was held in Shanghai, hosting more than 3,000 companies and 140,000 visitors from all over the world, to witness cutting-edge developments in cosmetics and beauty care products.\nAs one of the companies proud to have exhibited in the three-day event, Asterasys showcased its growingly popular Liftera-V and other medical devices designed for effective skin and body care procedures. As part of its carefully formulated skincare line, Dr. Seolreim, Asterasys also displayed to its visitors the Revitalizing Cica Care Control Cream, a solution that calms and moisturizes sensitive skin, and the Perfect Balance Lotion, formulated with triple hyaluronic acid. Both products, along with other solutions by Dr. Seolreim, can be purchased at clinics and beauty shops\nCBE Shanghai 2019\nVenue: Shanghai New International Expo Center\nFair Date: May 20 22, 2019\nBooth No", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " participation in an event"], "distractor groups": ["subsidiary establishment", "expanding geography", "regulatory approval", "hiring"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Trukkin clinches UAE logistics award for innovative solutions. Trukkin, a techno-logistics company headquartered in Dubai, won the Transport and Logistics Middle Easts Most Innovative Truck Aggregation Solutions Provider Award. The TLME awards used a public voting system that garnered thousands of votes from across the region, with Trukkin coming out as a clear winner.\nRajesh Nair, head of sales and operations at Trukkin in the region, received the award on behalf of the companys founder and CEO Janardan Dalmia.\nDalmia said: When we started Trukkin back in 2017, little did we know that the startup would cover so much ground in just a few short years. Trukkins strong year-on-year growth, its ability to enter and capture new markets and bring all transportation stakeholders in one place, are the result of the teams relentless efforts to change the logistics ecosystem. We are thankful to Transport and Logistics Middle East and the people who voted for Trukkin for leading to this momentous win.\nThe award recognizes companies that kept cargo moving and turned supply chain related challenges during the pandemic into an opportunity by focusing on innovative, technology-driven solutions to meet the demands of a changing world. Additionally, a simple yet powerful user interface and depth of functionality and data reliability were some of the defining characteristics of the winning innovation.\nThis is not the first time that Trukkin has won an award. In its short existence, the company has bagged numerous accolades, including the Best Brands 2021 UAE Edition and Road Transporter of the Year 2019, among several others.\nSince its founding in 2017, Trukkin has used technology to reinvent and rebuild the logistics ecosystem. The company connects shippers with truckers (individuals and companies) in 12 countries across the region, with offices in UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan. According to its website, the startup has more than 2,000 transporters and 10,000 drivers in its network who have moved over 50,000 shipments to date. It claims to have grown threefold since the start of the pandemic.\nTrukkins seamless, powerful products enable faster delivery, a consistent and reliable system, and a transparent platform for both truckers and shippers. The companys non-asset-based road network simplifies the entire process by extending flexibility, maximizing shippers ability to find a transporter, accelerating delivery, and reducing direct and indirect costs", "answer groups": ["participation in an event", " executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "foundation", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\nShare What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "VITAS Grows Florida Footprint with Two New Inpatient Hospice Centers. Send email\nVITAS Healthcare, hospice subsidiary of Chemed Corp. (NYSE: CHEM), this week opened two inpatient facilities in Broward county, Florida. One unit is housed at the Broward Health Medical Center, the other at Sunrise Health and Rehabilitation, with VITAS expecting to care for upwards of 900 patients annually through the new centers.\nThe inpatient unit at Broward Health features eight rooms with amenities aimed at providing home-like comfort in a clinical care setting, including overnight accommodations for friends and family. At Sunrise, 16 private patient rooms include similar amenities, along with areas for conversation and reflection. Patients at each facility will receive care 24/7 from an interdisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, volunteers and bereavement experts.\nWe are honored to partner with the Broward Health system to offer comprehensive, compassionate care to their patients and families, said Betty Bel, VITAS vice president of operations. The benefit is two-fold in that patients with advanced illness have greater support to align with their goals of care, and hospital staff can rely on our specialized teams to provide a smooth transition to the nearby in-hospital inpatient unit.\nAdvertisement\nThe two facilities continued expansion in Florida for Miami-headquartered VITAS. The company last year openedan inpatient unit at the AdventHealth Lake Wales Hospital campus and unveiledanother at the Community Health and Rehabilitation Center, also in Florida. Other inpatient centers in the state include Broward Health North, Broward Health Coral Springs and the Florida Medical Center.\nEach of the new inpatient centers feature private bathrooms, a private quiet room and shared family rooms and kitchens. The Sunset location includes an outdoor area, activities for children and specialized therapies. These include Paw Pals pet therapy visits and care specific to the unique needs of veterans approaching the end of life such as bedside salutes and Honor Flight virtual reality experiences.\nVITAS has served patients in the Broward county area since 1980. The company operates 49 hospice programs across 14 states and in the District of Columbia, with 28 inpatient hospice units nationwide. More than 9,880 staff provide advanced illness care, with VITAS reporting an average daily census ticking past 17,780 patients at the close of Q4 last year.\nAdvertisement\nWe are privileged to serve and support patients who require levels of care beyond routine hospice service, said Kathleen Coronado, general manager for VITAS in Broward county. The availability of this hospice unit helps ease the concerns of hospice patients and their families, relieving some of the burden on hospital staff and rooms, while providing the high level of compassionate care that VITAS is known for.\nA growing aging population is driving demand for hospice in the Sunshine State. Seniors 60 and older are projectedto represent 32.5% of Floridas overall population by 2030, a jump from roughly a quarter of adults 65 and older currently living in the state, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.\nFlorida in 2018 ranked third nationwide for hospice utilization at 57.9%,among Medicare decedents, according to the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. Only Utah and Arizona saw higher rates at 59.4% and 59.2%, respectively.\nThe U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) reportedin 2019 that more than 140,700 patients utilized the Medicare Hospice Benefit statewide, with reimbursement totalling more than $1.9 billion.\nFloridas state government lit the wayfor hospice expansion last year. The Florida Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) initially indicated that it would approve four hospice certificates of need across seven counties during 2021, but ultimately approved nearly twice as many.\nVITAS was among those awarded a certificate of need, along with Alleo Health, Hernando-Pasco Hospice Inc., Amedisys (NASDAQ: AMED), Catholic Hospice Inc., Continuum Care of Miami Dade, Affinity Care of Manatee County, among others", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "expanding geography", " company description", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nRelated\nClick To Download This Post As PDF What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "TALES OF ARCADIA: 3BELOW PREMIERES ON DREAMWORKS ON MARCH 1. I just want to let you know that all opinions are my own and I may earn from qualifying purchases. Regardless, I only recommend products or services I use personally and believe will be good for my readers.\nEnjoy and feel free to share with your friends!\nDreamWorks NBCUniversal International Networks 24-hour channel dedicated to kids and family entertainment today announced the channel premiere ofTales of Arcadia: 3Below. The new series will unlock 13, 30-minute episodes, each showcasing out-of-this-world storytelling and intergalactic sci-fi fantasy that is set to keep viewers tuning in. The series will premiere on DreamWorks from Monday, March 1 at 7:20pm (PHT).\n3Belowis the second story in visionary Guillermo Del Toros award-winningTales of Arcadiatrilogy, a saga of shared stories about a seemingly ordinary town filled with unexpected heroes who rise to fight the dark forces that reside there.\nIn a battle of heroes and villains,Tales of Arcadia: 3Belowwill follow two royal teenage aliens and their bodyguard as they flee a surprise takeover of their home planet by an evil dictator and crash land in Arcadia. Now, on the run from intergalactic bounty hunters and prying humans, they struggle to blend in and adapt to the bizarre world of high school all the while attempting to repair their ship so they can return and defend their home planet.Loaded with action and adventure,Tales of Arcadia: 3Belowhighlights the power of friendship and family with a touch of fish-out-of-water comedy.\nTales of Arcadia: 3Belowwill join a line up of fan favourite shows on DreamWorks, including the recently released seriesThe Epic Tales of Captain Underpants,The Boss Baby: Back in BusinessandKung Fu Panda: The Paws of Destinyin addition toTrolls: The Beat Goes On!,Dragons: Race to theEdge, The Adventures of Puss in Boots,andAll Hail King Julien.\nTales of Arcadia: 3Below premieres March 1 with episodes at 7:20pm (PHT) weekdays on DreamWorks.\n* Complete list of channel information can be found at:\nhttp://www.dreamworks-asia.com/\nAbout NBCUniversal International Networks\nNBCUniversal International Networks is one of the worlds premier entertainment portfolios, delivering quality content and compelling brands to over 160 territories across Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and Asia Pacific.The channel brands in the portfolio include UNIVERSAL TV, SYFY, E! Entertainment Television, 13\nTH\nSTREET, Studio Universal, Telemundo, Bravo, DreamWorks and Golf Channel. These unique brands deliver a full range of entertainment experiences to local audiences across the globe. Further, NBCUniversal News Group, one of the most influential and respected portfolios of on-air and digital news properties in the world, operates CNBC and NBC News internationally.\nNBCUniversal International Networks is a division of NBCUniversal, one of the worlds leading media and entertainment companies in the development, production, and marketing of entertainment, news, and information to a global audience. NBCUniversal owns and operates a valuable portfolio of news and entertainment television networks, a premier motion picture company, significant television production operations, a leading television stations group, world-renowned theme parks, and a suite of leading internet-based businesses. NBCUniversal is a subsidiary of Comcast Corporation.\nAbout DreamWorks\nDreamWorks, the 24-hour, HD, kids and family network brings DreamWorks beloved movie heroes to the small screen to star in their own TV shows. The channel features Emmy award-winning, original television series such as Dragons: Race to the Edge and The Adventures of Puss in Boots and the critically acclaimed Tales of Arcadia: Trollhunters. The channel also presents a daily morning preschool block, DreamWorks Junior, for 2-5 year olds featuring favourites such as Noddy Toyland Detective and Raa Raa the Noisy Lion. DreamWorks is currently available in seven languages across nine countries in Asia including two branded blocks. Visit\n, and DreamWorks Asia on Facebook and Instagram for more information", "answer groups": [" company description", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "expanding geography", "executive appointment", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Health Chain Aster Plans $400 Million Bond, India Expansion. Aster DM\nHealthcare\nLtd., a Dubai-based operator of hospitals and pharmacies thats expanding across India, is revisiting a potential sale of dollar bonds after pushing back a planned issuance last year.\nAster, which runs 26 hospitals and hundreds of clinics and pharmacies in the Gulf and India, will seek to issue about $400 million of securities possibly in the next three to six months, according to Chairman Azad Moopen. The notes would mature in seven to eight years, and would retire and replace existing debt.\nWe have started discussion with the bankers regarding the bond issue, Moopen, 68, said in an interview. The firm decided not to go ahead with the sale early last year because of the Covid-19 pandemic, he said.\nRead more on Asters previous plan\nAster is expanding across India, looking to open at least four hospitals there in the next four years. Moopen wants the South Asian nation of nearly 1.4 billion people to account for about a third of the companys business, up from a fifth at present. Growth will come from pent-up desire for quality medical services, he said, calling it a huge demand-supply gap.\nMany Indians resort to out-of-pocket spending on private treatment due to the parlous condition of the countrys state health-care system. India currently spends just 1.28% of gross domestic product on public health, a figure that lags behind the global average and has been described as low by its own planning organization.\nPrime Minister Narendra Modi promised in his first term to raise that number to 2.5% by 2025. In January, after the pandemic exposed urgent shortfalls in public health care, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharamans federal budget allocated a 137% hike in health spending.\nOur plan is to focus more on India, Moopen said, adding that the company will build up its tele-medicine, laboratory, and home-care businesses. Aster has only three pharmacies in India at present, but its planning an exponential surge to 150 in the next financial year, and a similarly paced expansion every year after that, he said.\nFunding for Asters expansion drive will come from internal capital and the company doesnt have any plans to raise funds externally, said Moopen.\n2021 Bloomberg L.P", "answer groups": [" company description", "expanding geography", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "m&a", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": "\nSome organizations CareLinc has contributed to include:\nSusan Mast ALS Foundation What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "CareLinc Medical Equipment: linking community through giving back. CareLinc\nspecializes in medical equipment sales and rentals along with equipment repair for people of all ages and sizes. They are billing specialists and work directly with insurances to try and get prescribed medical equipment as a paid benefit.\nThrough years of growth and development, CareLinc has added vital services and dedicated support teams to help customers to the best of their ability. Staffing registered respiratory therapists in the clinical department allows CareLinc to offer one-on-one clinical care and respiratory services to the youngest and most delicate of patients. Their Hospice team, Long Term Care (Nursing Home) team, the PAP team, and the Power Mobility and Home Accessibility department each devote themselves to assisting specific types of customers for CareLinc. These employees are experts in their specialties and were able to offer individual, functional and focused attention to these types of customers and the products they use most often.\nCareLinc has philanthropy instilled within their genetics from the first day they became a company.\nCareLinc has donated hundreds of thousands of dollars in the last three years", "answer groups": ["company description", " support & philanthropy"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "product launching & presentation", "ipo exit", "closing"]}, {"question": "\nThe pandemic has changed the traditional patient care model, leading to more digital and virtual based tools to help physicians and patients remain What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Jen Butler of Medisafe: Take risks. Pinterest\nTake risks Its so important to not settle for complacency but rather always advance oneself and those around you to evolve. Taking risks keeps us all fresh and invigorated.\nThe telephone totally revolutionized the way we could communicate with people all over the world. But then came email and took it to the next level. And then came text messaging. And then came video calls. And so onWhats next? Whats just around the corner?\nIn this interview series, called The Future Of Communication Technology we are interviewing leaders of tech or telecom companies who are helping to develop emerging communication technologies and the next generation of how we communicate and connect with each other.\nAs a part of this series, I had the pleasure of interviewing Jennifer Butler, Chief Marketing Officer for Medisafe.\nJennifer Butler joined Medisafe in January 2019 as the companys first Chief Marketing Officer bringing more than 20 years of marketing and consulting experience to the organization. Prior to joining Medisafe, she served as vice president of marketing at New Century Health and Eliza, an HMS company engaging Medicare and Medicaid members in health programs. Jennifer also led Tufts Health Plans Commercial Marketing which included member engagement initiatives from benefit education to healthcare consumption tools. Jennifers experience also includes marketing strategy work at Deloitte Consulting in addition to mergers and acquisitions at BankBoston and Chase Securities. Jennifer earned her MBA from Boston University and A.B. from Bowdoin College.\nThank you so much for joining us in this interview series! Before we dive in, our readers would love to get to know you a bit better. Can you tell us a bit about your backstory and how you got started?\nI took a rather uncommon path in my career, starting in investment banking and consulting. Through that experience, I learned how the combination of strategy and marketing can help to grow a company. After spending six years at Deloitte I made the move to focus on strategic marketing, largely because I was well versed in industries are led by complex regulations and need effective communication to help its consumers access the system. With the advancement of digital technologies, I see how new digital means can advance patient communication and support behavior change.\nCan you share the most interesting story that happened to you since you began your career?\nWhen I first started in the healthcare sector with a regional health plan, we took an unconventional approach to engage members in their health plans. We applied a magic of Disney approach that helped members unlock the power of their membership in their health. We created an emotional connection to something that is actually intangible and uninspiring and drove patient engagement through new communication strategies.\nCan you please give us your favorite Life Lesson Quote? Can you share how that was relevant to you in your life?\nI have always believed that whatever the problem, theres a solution. I understand that challenges will occur, and problems arise, but finding a solution is where you create success. Not only does this lead to several options in responding to challenges, but it can also generate new opportunities.\nNone of us are able to achieve success without some help along the way. Is there a particular person who you are grateful towards who helped get you to where you are? Can you share a story about that?\nIf I had to name a particular person then Id call out David Morris who was the Chief Revenue Officer at Eliza and encouraged me to join his team. Under his direction, I was able to see the potential of using technology advancements to bring consumerism into healthcare. This experience opened my eyes to the possibilities of technology revolutionizing healthcare from access to delivery to consumption.\nHow have you used your success to bring goodness to the world?\nAt our company, we receive countless stories of how our digital platform has helped patients manage their health, their medications, and provide hope in living with chronic conditions. Even parents and caregivers turn to Medisafe to help turn the complex into a simple daily task. We have been able to provide peace of mind and reassurance to 7M patients throughout their treatment journey.\nOk wonderful. Lets now shift to the main focus of our interview. Can you tell us your digital patient communication? How do you think it helps people?\nMedisafe is a consumer proven application and platform. From the patient reviews to the measurable outcomes to the cost savings of medications, weve been able to make a qualitative and quantitative impact on the industry. Our digital platform expands simple communication to create digital relationships that help patients manage their health and their lives.\nHow do you think this might change the world?\nAmidst the backdrop of a global pandemic, providing digital communication and support to patients is paramount to any return to normal and helping patients navigate their health. Digital patient communication helps to ensure ongoing support in helping patients manage the most personal elements of their lives their health.\nKeeping \nBlack Mirror\n in mind can you see any side effects about this technology?\nWith our platform, we are a companion to medication and enhance support to therapy. We aim to enhance something that is already existing, not replace it altogether. Given that a persons health enables them to do anything in life, I can envision our technology becoming a more relied-upon resource for numerous aspects of their lives and health.\nWhat was the tipping point that drove this breakthrough? Can you tell us that story?\nWe started as a B2C company, but the ability to demonstrate the value we offer to the pharma industry served as a tipping point for our company. Our digital communication platform enables pharma to provide guided and supportive engagement to patients throughout their treatment journey. Once pharma leaders saw how we can create digital coordination and connectivity within the treatment cycle, we moved from a novelty to an essential element in medication management.\nWhat will lead this technology to wider adoption in the next five years?\nI believe digital patient communications will move further upstream, become more commonplace as part of both acute and chronic care treatments. I envision a time in the near future where digital drug companions are launched at the point of a prescription, and the opportunity to bring physicians directly into the patient medication journey.\nThe pandemic has changed so many things about the way we behave. One of them of course, is how we work and how we communicate in our work. How is digital patient communication helping to address the new needs that have arisen as a result of the pandemic", "answer groups": ["funding round", " company description", " executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "service & product providing", "other"]}, {"question": "\nArticle content What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Revitalist Provides Summary of 2021 Reporting Patient Visits of 5 000 a 128% Increase From 2020. Revitalist Provides Summary of 2021, Reporting Patient Visits of 5,000, a 128% Increase From 2020\nBack to video\nPatient Visits and Sales\nPatient visits grew extensively in 2021, totaling approximately 5,000, up 128% from 2020. Sales for the year ended December 31, 2021, totaled approximately $2,200,000 (unaudited), representing a 110% increase year over year. Monthly visits are listed in the chart above.\nExpansion\nRevitalist commenced the year with one clinic under operation and ended with seven clinics across four states in the USA. January 2022 announcements included the opening of an additional clinic in Washington, D.C and the acquisition of clinic assets in Jacksonville, FL bringing the current total to nine clinics in 6 states. In addition, the Company executed agreements during 2021 securing options to open nine additional clinics in the USA for a period of three years. The Company also proudly announced patient coverage with Medicare and other insurance providers during the year as well as multiple strategic collaborations including US Veterans Affairs and clinical study partners.\nAdvertisement\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\nRevitaland\nRevitalist acquired a 60% interest in Revitaland Meta Tech Inc. to expand virtual clinics in the metaverse (\nRevitaland\n). Revitaland virtual clinics will allow patients to work with clinicians who arent in the same physical space in real time.\nThe Metaverse is an expansive network of 3D worlds and simulations that support continuity of identity, objects, history, payments, and entitlements, and can be experienced synchronously by an effectively unlimited number of users, each with an individual sense of presence.\nAwards & Publications\nRevitalist CEO Kathryn Walker received Microdoses Entrepreneur of the Year award in November 2021 at Wonderland: Miami, the largest psychedelic medicine business event.\nAdvertisement\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\nClarus securities published coverage on the Company on October 25, 2021, with a speculative buy rating and a target of $1.50 per share. Revitalist was also featured by Forbes in an article highlighting the Companys holistic approach to ketamine treatments and the vision of its founder, Kathryn Walker.\nEquity Financing\nRevitalist successfully raised over $11,000,000 in 2021, with its last $3,000,000 financing closing in November 2021 whereby H.C. Wainwright & Co. acted as the exclusive placement agent.\nCapital Markets\nOn August 24, 2021, the Company commenced trading on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the symbol CALM. Shortly thereafter, Revitalist listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the OTCQB.\nAdvertisement\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\nRevitalist CEO, Kathryn Walker states, We are thrilled with the year we had in 2021 as we continued to form relationships with clinicians in the USA, provided 5,000 patient visits, and further optimized our operations to facilitate long-term growth. We ended the year with seven clinics and announced another two recently, bringing the total clinic count to nine. During the calendar year 2021, Revitalist also made several notable accomplishments in the capital markets, including our public listing on the Canadian Securities Exchange and raising over $11,000,000. On behalf of the Revitalist team, I express my utmost gratitude to everybody who contributed to our success over the past year as we continue to deliver exceptional patient care and corporate growth.\nAdvertisement\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\nABOUT REVITALIST LIFESTYLE AND WELLNESS LTD.\nRevitalist Lifestyle and Wellness Ltd. (CSE: CALM) (OTC: RVLWF) (FSE: 4DO) is a publicly traded company, headquartered in Knoxville, Tennessee, with clinics operating across the United States and expanding. Revitalist is dedicated to empowering individuals toward an improved quality of well-being through a combination of comprehensive care and future-centric treatments provided by medical professionals, mental health experts, and chronic pain specialists. Since opening their first clinic in 2018, Revitalist has provided thousands of infusions for patients suffering from treatment-resistant conditions. Additionally, Revitalist offers a number of lifestyle optimization services and vitamin infusions that can bring anyone closer to total wellness. For additional information and to be added to the Companys mailing list, please click here.\nAdvertisement\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " expanding geography", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "product launching & presentation", "regulatory approval"]}, {"question": "\nShare What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Homethrive Raises $18M to Fuel its Expansion into Health Plans and the Self-Insured Employer Market. Homethrive, a tech-enabled provider of non-medical care management and personal assistance services, raised an $18 million funding round.\nThe funding round was led by venture capital firm 7wireVentures, and investment firm Pitango HealthTech.\nHomethrive has earmarked the new funds to be used in a number of areas, Dave Jacobs, co-founder and co-CEO of Homethrive, told Home Health Care News.\nAdvertisement\nWere going to accelerate our penetration into health plans, and also accelerate our penetration into the self-insured employer market, Jacobs said. Additionally, we are investing considerably to build out the technology stack that will power the service we provide to those different markets.\nHomethrives staff of social workers provides clients with a comprehensive care plan for older adults, as well as coaching, personal assistance and concierge services. The Chicago-based company which has 50 employees services the private-pay market, long-term care insurance companies and Medicare Advantage plans.\nWhile Homethrives aim is to facilitate aging in place, Jacobs expressed that this goes hand-in-hand with addressing the social determinants of health.\nWe think that they are very interrelated, he said. We think that by addressing the social determinants of health, whether thats food insecurity, isolation, loneliness, transportation or home safety, we can make it much easier for people to age at home.\nHomethrive said its Series A round comes on the heels of the COVID-19-related spotlight that has been placed on home-based care.\nJacobs believes that people overwhelmingly prefer to be cared for in their own home a preference that has become a necessity due to the public health emergency.\nPeople had different choices, they could be at home, or they could oftentimes go to a senior living community, and now because of COVID people are much more reluctant to move out of their home, Jacobs said. We have a number of members who were in senior living communities and their families have brought them back home.\nMany of the companys clients are also people who are unable to provide in-person support to their aging family members.\nThe challenge is families not being able to spend time with and do things to help their aging loved ones, Jacobs said.Theyre not able to travel, theyre not able to go see them so they need help in navigating those things. Also, the incidence of depression, isolation and loneliness have gone up because those older adults are more cut off from other services and organizations that they would otherwise engage with.\nLooking ahead, Homethrive is focused on further solidifying itself in the home-based care space.\nWe have spent the last two years proving the model, making sure we can deliver results and that we can really affect caregivers and older adults in a very positive way, Jacobs said. Now, our focus is on really accelerating that and improving the efficiency through which we provide that service", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " new initiatives or programs", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "ipo exit", "expanding geography"]}, {"question": "\nTags What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Savannah River Mission Completion accepting applications for elementary school grants. Newsletters\nClose\nSavannah River Mission Completion is accepting applications from local elementary school teachers for science, technology, engineering, and math grants. SRMC will award grants up to $1,000 to teachers to enhance their hands-on STEM capabilities with their students.\nSubmitted photo\nSavannah River Mission Completion accepting applications for elementary school grants\nSubmitted articlemystory@aikenstandard.com\nMar 22, 2022\n4 hrs ago\nSavannah River Mission Completion is accepting applications from local elementary school teachers for science, technology, engineering, and math grants. SRMC will award grants up to $1,000 to teachers to enhance their hands-on STEM capabilities with their students.\nSubmitted photo\nSubscribe today!\nSavannah River Mission Completion, the Savannah River Site liquid waste contractor, is accepting applications from local elementary school teachers for science, technology, engineering and math grants.\nThe Power As One Mini-Grant Program is designed to empower educators to promote STEM projects in their classrooms. SRMC will award grants up to $1,000 to teachers to enhance their hands-on STEM capabilities with their students.\nPublic elementary schools in Aiken, Allendale, Bamberg, Barnwell, Edgefield and Orangeburg counties in South Carolina, and Columbia and Richmond counties in Georgia, are eligible to apply for the grants.\nTeachers elevate the mind and give energy to the character of every child, said Dave Olson, SRMC president and program manager. These grants are one small way we can come alongside our teachers to provide our students with ample opportunities for success. We are one community helping to empower the next generation. Together, we are the Power As One.\nInterested teachers should contact their schools principal for more information about the SRMC grant program. The deadline to submit applications is April 7. One application per school will be accepted.\nFor an application, visit srsimcc.com Teachers must submit their application packets to tina.melton@srs.govon or before April 7. For more information, call Tina Melton, SRMC public affairs, at 803-646-9368.\nSRMC comprises parent company BWX Technologies Inc. with partners Amentum and Fluor. Its team brings the capabilities necessary to accelerate cleanup at the U.S. Department of Energys Savannah River Site through safe nuclear operations, optimized and integrated mission execution, and strong corporate governance", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "support & philanthropy"], "distractor groups": ["closing", "article publication", "expanding geography", "department establishment"]}, {"question": " Along with providing this What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust and Merseyside Police jointly.... BST\nTriage car\nMersey Care NHS Foundation Trust and Merseyside Police have today jointly launched a new bespoke mental health triage car to help those in crisis on Merseyside get urgent assessment and access to the services they need.\nThe two organisations, in conjunction with Liverpool and Sefton Clinical Commissioning Groups, have run a triage car service since 2014, until now using a marked police car that has been removed from frontline duties because of the number of miles it had driven.\nBut after a successful joint application to the Beyond Places of Safety Fund, a 15 million fund made available by the Government to focus on improving urgent mental healthcare in local areas, they have secured finance to launch a state of the art new triage car.\nMarian Bullivant, Mersey Cares Criminal Justice Liaison and Diversion and Triage Care Operational Manager, said: The mental health triage car initiative has been a great success for all parties it has helped free up police resources and allowed us to reach people in crisis and provide the assessment and care they need.\nThis new triage car will enable us to reach more people who need us and strengthens the partnership between ourselves and Merseyside Police. Weve learned a lot on both sides about how we each work and shared best practice to ensure a highly successful working relationship.\nMerseyside Polices Mental Health Liaison Officer, Hayley Sherwen, said: Too often, the police deal with vulnerable people when really they should be signposted to other emergency services who are better placed to support them.\nThe triage car allows us to operate more efficiently with our partners and engage more openly with individuals in crisis.The service encounters individuals in both public places or in their own homes and aims to provide them with the safety and confidence to explain their situation to the team.\nThe car has already been a great success, in terms of dealing with frequent callers to the police and reducing inappropriate calls", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " alliance & partnership", "new initiatives & programs"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "hiring", "ipo exit"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Rootine Is Improving Health Outcomes With Precision Nutrition. The data-driven nutrition company raises $3 million seed, empowering members to leverage their health data to achieve optimal health\nNASHVILLE, Tenn.(BUSINESS WIRE)August 10, 2021\nRootine\nannounced today that it has raised $3 million in seed financing to empower members to improve their health and human performance with precision nutrition. Investors in the round include Novogenia GMBH, DSM Venturing, Duro VC, Launch TN Impact Fund, Cleo Capital and 20+ Angels including founders, executives, and clinicians who have worked at Havenly, Eterneva, Facebook, SoFI, Eight Sleep and more.\nResearch indicates that up to 90% of the U.S. lacks adequate daily vitamin and mineral intake, resulting in micronutrient deficiencies that can have a significant impact on fatigue, mood, stress, sleep, and chronic diseases. Inadequate nutrition is also the number one cause of illness in the United States and nutritional deficiencies can be linked to 700,000deaths each year.\nWhile many try to cure these deficiencies and health conditions through one-size-fits-all supplements or nutrition plans, Rootineis building advanced technology and personalized solutions designed to optimize health and human performance. Today, members gain access to at-home testing and health data analytics, actionable insights, precision-personalized micronutrients, and digital health tracking tools through their member dashboard.\nPrecision nutrition is an innovative approach that considers multiple data points including dietary habits, lifestyle, DNA, blood test results, and physical activity to develop targeted nutrition recommendations. The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently announced its 10 year investmentin furthering precision nutrition science. As part of this initiative, the NIH has demonstrated its belief in precision nutritions ability to predict and leverage individual responses to promote health.\nToday, consumers either cannot access the relevant health data they need or cannot effectively utilize data they already have. Rootines precision nutrition technology leverages AI to ingest, analyze, and match individual DNA, blood, and lifestyle test results with thousands of clinical studies with the goal of unlocking better health outcomes.\nThe future of health is data-driven and personalized, says Rachel Soper Sanders, co-founder and CEO of Rootine. We are entering a new era of human performance. An era in which we can achieve optimal health with products designed to enhance fitness, mental acuity, sleep, nutrition, and metabolic health through prescriptive solutions. Finally, there is a health stack for the empowered consumer and Rootine is an essential contributor.\nSanders holds an MBA from Harvard Business School and previously worked in healthcare in investment banking, product, and strategy. She founded Rootine alongside Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer, PhD, who holds a PhD in biotechnology and is a leading expert in nutrigenetic science. Sanders and Dr. Wallerstorfer met through a mutual mentor at Techstars and launched Rootine after personally struggling to find nutrition solutions to optimize their own health.\nWe came together around a common missionto empower people to leverage their personal data to improve health, says Dr. Wallerstorfer.\nABOUT ROOTINE\nRootine\nunlocks better health and daily performance for members by leveraging precision nutrition. Rootines first product focuses on optimizing cellular nutrition through a precision-personalized daily micronutrient membership and a unique digital experience where members can track and improve health. Rootine is differentiated in its test-take-track process, unmatched data and insights, and unique delivery form factor (microbeads). Rootine is helping thousands of members improve their health, from professional athletes and celebrities to high performing individuals around the U.S. Founded by Rachel Soper Sanders and Dr. Daniel Wallerstorfer, PhD in 2018, the company is building a remote-first team of leading scientists, engineers, and brand marketers with headquarters in Nashville, TN", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " product updates", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "m&a", "closing"]}, {"question": " We need to make sure our current customers dont run out, so we havent taken on some of that new busines What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Acquisitions are Central to growth. No comments\nSuccession will continue to be on the minds of a lot of businesses owners in 2022 and is presenting companies like Central McGowan with growth opportunities. After three acquisitions in 2021, Central McGowan President/CEO Joe Francis is not ruling out more this year.\nSource: Central McGowan\nCobot welding package\nWere growth minded and opportunistic, and I believe there will be more acquisitions down the road, its just a matter of when and what market, what type of business, Francis told gasworld.\nWhile we dont set particular metrics or have a specific acquisition strategy, we continually seek out opportunities as its certainly in our DNA. We have a comprehensive process for vetting them out.\nThe market around us is fairly stable. There are not a lot of small independents left from a welding supply standpoint, but you never know if you continue to expand geographically what might be out there. And we have three business units: distribution, automation and CO2 solution, so the net we cast is pretty broad. We are looking at investing back into the business with physical assets and people.\nThe Minnesota-based distributor completed its third acquisition of 2021 in November with Preferred Welder Sales in Mankato, Minnesota, following deals for Metro Welding Supply in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in April and Fessler Carbonic Gas in Des Moines, Iowa, in March.\nCentral McGowan also expanded its carbon dioxide (CO\n2\n) business with the acquisition of St. Paul, Minnesota-based Jasons Beverage Carbonation Company in 2019. It now has seven locations, spread across Minnesota and areas of North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa and Wisconsin. ColdZERO Central McGowans own brand of dry ice is manufactured fresh daily at its St. Cloud and St. Paul locations.\nPreferred Welder Sales provided access to a new customer base for us and allowed us to expand into southern Minnesota, Francis said.\nIt jump starts our potential in southern Minnesota. Metro was also a new customer base and both fit us well culturally. We were able to expand our Twin Cities market and it expanded our capability to include welding and automation after the Jasons acquisition for theCO\n2\nmarket in 2019. Fessler Carbonic is different than the other two their whole business revolves around beverage carbonation and supporting customers needing CO\n2\n. \nWeve gotten pretty good at operating a beverage carbonation business. We have a pretty good recipe in making those type of businesses a success. \nWith headquarters in St. Cloud, Minnesota, Central McGowan is a diversified independent distributor of industrial, medical and food and beverage gases; welding equipment/technology and supplies; and dry ice. This year, Central McGowan celebrates 75 years in business and Francis is the third generation from his family to lead the company which has been expanding.\nAnd these are exciting times for the company with the acquisitions.\nPreferred Welder Sales has served the Mankato area and southern Minnesota since 1987, specializing in the farm and auto industries as well as servicing and repairing most brands of welding and cutting equipment. Fessler Carbonic Gas - founded in 1940 - is a beverage carbonation business with customers all over Iowa.\nFessler delivers high-pressure cylinders of carbonic and nitrogen gases and beverage gas equipment; does on-site refills ofCO\n2\nvia bulk tankers; and installs and maintains beverage equipment for restaurants, bars, convenience stores, stadiums, microbreweries and more. The acquisition more than doubled Central McGowans beverage carbonation business, and built upon the 2019 acquisition of St. Paul, Minnesota-based Jasons Beverage Carbonation Company which has been rebranded as Central McGowan CO\n2\nSolutions.\nMetro Welding Supply is a bustling welding distribution store that has served the Minneapolis area since 1985.\nFrancis says all three acquisitions became available due to succession.\nAll three of the acquisitions in 2021 related to succession planning. Each of the owners had no internal successor and were looking at retirement, Francis said.\nSuccession is relevant to a lot of independent distributors this year and Meritus Gas Partnerships established a little over a year ago has signed up five distributors to its platform with the aim being to establish a national federation of independent distributors of industrial, medical and specialty gases and associated welding and safety supplies.\nSource: Central McGowan\nFrancis believes there will be more acquisitions related to succession this year across the industry.\nI do think there will be more acquisitions in the industry this year, Francis said.\nI think Meritus has a unique strategy, I know the folks there, and I wish them success. Succession challenges are certainly out there, I dont know whether I would call it one of the biggest issues for distributors right now. However, the pandemic coupled with the unknowns of whats coming from a tax implication standpoint, have people more actively looking at what their options are. If they dont have an internal successor, its likely that they are looking at being able to be acquired by somebody.\nWe [Central McGowan] got lucky, we went through a succession planning process, ownership and management, ten years ago. Im third generation, and what I learned is that the commitment and support of the second generation is vital to ensure the transition to third generation is successful. Theres no way we could have done what we did without that support. People are starting to realize that succession is a big challenge and trying to figure out their plans.\nFrancis says another big challenge the industry will face in 2022 is the labor market, including recruitment, retention and training.\nWhile the lack of drivers often gets the spotlight, the tight job market is much broader than that, Francis said.\nYou also have supply chain disruption. We try to buy a lot of our products locally but we are not immune to supply chain issues.\nSource: Central McGowan\nCO\n2\navailability caused problems for some in certain regions over the summer months especially last year. Central McGowan expanded its Fargo, North DakotaCO\n2\ndistribution hub to be a fully-stocked retail store and distribution site in October 2020 and has managed to keep its customers stocked withCO\n2\nIn the Midwest we have a big supply ofCO\n2\nwith the ethanol plants so we are a little bit safer from a total supply point but it does ebb and flow and it has fluctuated in the past, Francis said.\nBut it has been challenging. What we have managed to do is invest heavily in our bulk fleet, so we pick upCO\n2\nourselves. Weve balanced out where we pick up product and invested in increasing our storage capacity across a few different locations.\nWhen things got tight over the summer, thats when we got an influx of spot buying calls which we turned away", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement", " expanding geography"], "distractor groups": ["participation in an event", "regulatory approval", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nContact Us: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Baby Disposable Diaper Market Breaking New Grounds and Touch New Level in upcoming year by MEGA, RAD Medical, Fippi, Deerting, ABENA, Anerie, Kimberly Clark, Chikool The Courier. Business\n/\nBaby Disposable Diaper Market Breaking New Grounds and Touch New Level in upcoming year by MEGA, RAD Medical, Fippi, Deerting, ABENA, Anerie, Kimberly Clark, Chikool\nBaby Disposable Diaper Market Breaking New Grounds and Touch New Level in upcoming year by MEGA, RAD Medical, Fippi, Deerting, ABENA, Anerie, Kimberly Clark, Chikool\nJune 3, 2021\n5\nA2Z Market Research announces the release of the Baby Disposable Diaper Market research report. The market is predicted to grow at a healthy pace in the coming years. Baby Disposable Diaper Market 2021 research report presents an analysis of market size, share, and growth, trends, cost structure, statistical and comprehensive data of the global market. The Market report offers remarkable data regarding the industrys growth parameters, the current state of the market in terms of analysis of possible economic situations, and macroeconomic analysis.\nSample Report with Latest Industry Trends @:\nhttps://www.a2zmarketresearch.com/sample?reportId=380951\nThe top companies in this report include:\nMEGA, RAD Medical, Fippi, Deerting, ABENA, Anerie, Kimberly Clark, Chikool, SCA, Daddys Choice, Cojin, Linette HELLAS, P&G (Pampers), Ontex, Domtar, Daddy Baby, Chiaus, YIDUO\nThis report provides an in-depth review of the current state of the Baby Disposable Diaper market, daring its growth and all other essential elements in all of the major markets of the county. It presents a gigantic amount of market data, compiled using myriad primary and secondary research practices. The data in this report has been reduced on a business basis using various systematic methods.\nFor a comprehensive analysis, the Baby Disposable Diaper market is segmented by product type, region, and application. Due to its regional focus, the market is alien to North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa as well as Latin America. Major companies are working on distributing their products and services across different regions. In addition, procurements and associations from some of the leading organizations. All of the factors intended to drive the global marketplace are examined in depth.\nGet Impressive Discount@:\nhttps://www.a2zmarketresearch.com/discount?reportId=380951\nThis report gives an in depth and broad understanding of Baby Disposable Diaper Market. With exact data cover all key features of the current market, this report offers widespread data of leading companies. Appreciative of the market state by amenability of correct historical data regarding each and every sector for the forecast period is mentioned. Driving forces, restraints and opportunities are given to help give an improved picture of this market investment for the forecast period of 2021 to 2027.\nKey Factors Impacting Market Growth:\nConvergence of data with accuracy and high speed\nRising demand for efficient computing\nIncreasing opportunities through improved research, computation, and data analysis performances\nHigh price and data security issues\nThe main questions answered in the report are:\nHow big will the market and growth rate be in 2027?\nWhat are the key drivers for the global Baby Disposable Diaper market?\nWhat are the major market trends influencing the growth of the global Baby Disposable Diaper Market?\nWhat are the challenges for market growth?\nWho are the key vendors in the global Baby Disposable Diaper market?\nWhat market opportunities and threats are vendors facing in the global Baby Disposable Diaper market?\nWhat are the main findings of the five forces analysis of the global Baby Disposable Diaper Market?\nReasons to Purchase this Report:\nEstimates 2021-2027 Baby Disposable Diaper Market development trends with the recent trends and SWOT analysis\nMarket dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come\nMarket segmentation analysis including qualitative and quantitative research incorporating the impact of economic and policy aspects\nRegional and country-level analysis integrating the demand and supply forces that are influencing the growth of the market.\nCompetitive landscape involving the market share of major players, along with the new projects and strategies adopted by players in the past five years\nComprehensive company profiles covering the product offerings, key financial information, recent developments, SWOT analysis, and strategies employed by the major market players\nBuy Exclusive Report @:\nhttps://www.a2zmarketresearch.com/buy?reportId=380951\nAbout A2Z Market Research:\nThe A2Z Market Research library provides syndication reports from market researchers around the world. Ready-to-buy syndication Market research studies will help you find the most relevant business intelligence.\nOur Research Analyst Provides business insights and market research reports for large and small businesses.\nThe company helps clients build business policies and grow in that market area. A2Z Market Research is not only interested in industry reports dealing with telecommunications, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, financial services, energy, technology, real estate, logistics, F & B, media, etc. but also your company data, country profiles, trends, information and analysis on the sector of your interest", "answer groups": [" company description", "article publication"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "expanding geography", "product updates", "funding round"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Mosaic Worker Wins National Award Included. Supported. Empowered.. May 23, 2019\nLisa Behrens\nBEATRICE, Nebraska The American Network of Community Options and Resources (ANCOR) announced that Lisa Behrens, a direct support professional at Mosaic in Beatrice, has been named the recipient of the 2019 DSP of the Year award. Behrens joins more than four dozen other recipients of ANCORs 2019 Direct Support Professional of the Year awards, chosen from a field of nearly 350 outstanding nominees.\nMosaic in Beatrice is overwhelmingly proud of Lisa, for her award recognition of course, but more importantly for her dedication and commitment to true community inclusion for the individuals we support, said Amy Bell, Executive Director of Mosaic in Beatrice. We cannot think of anyone who more clearly demonstrates the power of person-centered supports, and were so grateful that ANCOR has recognized Lisa with this high-profile honor.\nAwarded annually since 2007, ANCORs Direct Support Professional of the Year awards recognize outstanding professionals who provide long-term supports and services to individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD). The awards and the accompanying presentation at ANCORs Annual Conference were created to celebrate the important role Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) play in ensuring individuals with I/DD can be included and empowered in their communities, and to raise awareness about a direct support workforce in crisis. Nationally, turnover rates near 50 percent amount to a significant shortage of DSPs", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "participation in an event"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "department establishment", "article publication", "expanding geography"]}, {"question": "com\nAdvertisement What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Edoc Acquisition in Merger Deal to Take Calidi Biotherapeutics Public. Resize icon\nBy Chris Wack\nEdoc Acquisition Corp. is in a deal to make Calidi Biotherapeutics Inc. a publicly traded company.\nShares of the blank check company were halted at $10.26 in midday trading.\nUpon closing the transaction, seen happening in the second quarter of 2022, the combined company will be named Calidi Biotherapeutics Inc. and led by Allan Camaisa, chief executive and chairman of the board. The new company's common stock intends to list on the Nasdaq Capital Market.\nThe transaction includes proceeds of up to $92 million in trust at Edoc and a concurrent $25 million PIPE from institutional investors.\nUpon closing of the combination, Calidi would be expected to have cash and cash equivalents of $117 million and a pro forma enterprise valuation of $449 million.\nWrite to Chris Wack at chris.wack@wsj", "answer groups": [" m&a", "ipo exit"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "product updates", "article publication"]}, {"question": ")\nREAD MORE ON: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "1908 E-ventures Pvt Ltd (an Ador Group Enterprise) acquires personal care brand Coccoon. Group\n, a 114-year-old diversified business Group. The diversified business Grouphas over forty years of experience in the manufacturing and distribution of skin care and personal care products. 1908 E-ventures Pvt. Ltd.runs Sublime Life an online platform and community founded in 2019, to connect and access ethical, sustainable, and clean brands from across the globe to the conscious consumer of today. The acquisition aims to bring growth for brand cocoon at 10x. In February 2022, Sublime Liferaised $2 million in a funding round led by Root Ventures. Funds raised in this round will be utilized towards scaling up and strengthening the operations of Sublime Life also boasting 1908s strategy to establish itself as a House of Brands.\nCoccoon brand by EM & EM Personal Care Pvt Ltd.is devoted to protection, pampering & nourishment with products in the skin and hair care category for men and women. Founded by Dr. Mohit Lalvania serial entrepreneur, his ventures are focused on solving problems in the beauty and personal care industry. With a passion for formulation, knowledge, and resources from having years of experience in the industry, he established a personal care brand, Coccoon in 2017, to stir the entire beauty industry. Coccoondelivers customers with products that are paraben-free, devoid of any harmful chemicals, and developed from a composition of ingredients that include natural actives obtained from natural sources across the globe.\nCommenting on the acquisition, Dr. Deep Lalvani 1908 E-Ventures\nPvt Ltd\nsaid, This is a significant time for us at The Company. Coccoonis a quality brand celebrated across India. Its exciting range in the personal care category aligns with our sensibilities of creating clean and environmentally conscious products. Coccoonpresents us with an immense opportunity to cater to the aspirations of wellness and beauty-conscious customers around the world. We will extend our full support for Coccoonto regain its rightful glory. He further added Sublime Life as the pioneer of the clean beauty industry in Indiawill work closely with its customers and stakeholders to bring the best-in-class products and formulations to market. With Coccoon the company will further enhance its product offering with performance-based and concern-based ingredients and products. We look forward to growing the brand exponentially in the coming years. Dr. Mohit Lalvani Founder Coccoonsaid With a core focus on well-being, our products go through a series of tests and we have been quick to establish products that are non-toxic, clinically tested, dermatologically approved, and safe to use. This acquisition is a step in the right direction for us as it will unlock strong collaborations between both the brands and drive Coccoons growth by leveraging the global reach of 1908 E-ventures Pvt Ltd(an Ador\nGroup\nEnterprise) and their varied skilled capabilities. Coccoonhas acclaimed products in the skin and hair care segment like sulphate free shampoos, nourishing hair masks, hair serums, polishing mists, and products like repairing night creams, moisturizers, face washes in the skincare segment. Coccoonis also known for the uniqueness of products and formulations across its skincare and haircare range. The product range is targeted at urban women and men who not only care about how they look but are also conscious of the kind of products that they use on their skin and hair.\nThe official acquisition was completed after 6 weeks of planning. With this acquisition, 1908 E-Venturesfurther plans to build on its clean beauty platform led house of brand strategy and is geared up to further enhance the eco-system for Coccoonand accelerate growth with new product launches and marketing strength for the brand About AdorMultiproducts Ltd: AMPL a leading contract manufacturer of personal care products in India offers a one-stop shop from product conception to finished goods. We have one manufacturing unit strategically located in Puducherrywhich is beneficial to cater to the large lucrative Indiamarket. Since its inception, AdorMultiproducts Ltd. (AMPL) has gone a long way to become one of Indias leading players in the industry. The organization is listed on Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE), Mumbai. AdorMultiproducts Ltd. is the parent company and largest majority shareholder in 1908 E-ventures Pvt. Ltd.About Coccoon: Coccoonensures a healthy concoction of advanced sciences and botanic elements to provide you with utmost benefits for all rounded skin care and hair care regime. They are humanely developed and promise to always remain that way. With a keen interest in your well-being, the products go through a series of tests that are Non-Toxic Clinically Tested, Dermatologically Approved and Safe to Use. Coccoonboasts of an R and D arm that enables us to explore new territories and innovate for the future where the products are spun by the voice-driven by the evolving need for skin and hair protection. A future where beauty products dont just beautify but also protect, pamper and nourish.\nAbout Em & Em Personal Care Pvt. Ltd Em & Em Personal Care Pvt. Ltd is a company known for developing innovative, clinically tested and dermatologically approved skin and hair care products. They have developed trend-setting products offering the best of both worlds - instant, visible results as well as long-lasting solutions. Driven by the beauty aspirations of todays men and women, the range lets you customers enjoy the goodness of unique, active ingredients from around the globe.\nPWR PWR\n(This story has not been edited by Devdiscourse staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " department establishment", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "company description", "product updates"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Kent Community Health NHS Foundation Trust. 5 November 2020\nCare home telehealth trial extended\nA project that involves keeping a close eye on the health of care home residents has been extended for a year after a trial showed impressive results.\nThe Docobo telehealth project was initially piloted for six months in two care homes in Maidstone, Kent. In the first three months, it resulted in a 32 per cent reduction in hospital admissions, a 25 per cent reduction in 999 calls, a 67 per cent reduction in 111 calls and a 44 per cent reduction in all GP contact.\nAs a result of this success, it is now running in four care homes, with three of the homes in Maidstone and one in Tonbridge. The project was paused during the first wave of COVID-19, but resumed and extended in September (2020).\nUsing a Docobo telehealth solution, staff at the care homes carry out simple health checks with residents each day and record these via a Docobo app.\nThis system is closely monitored by the Complex Care Team at Kent Community Health NHS Foundation Trust (KCHFT) which can instantly see if a residents health is stable or deteriorating. The team can then immediately step in with the most appropriate action, which might be as simple as carrying out increased observations to monitor a patient more closely, or tweaking a patients medication.\nKCHFT Project Manager Andy Platt said: We extended the project because the clinical team at KCHFT and staff at the first two care homes established an excellent relationship and a new way of working, which resulted in improved outcomes for the care home residents.\nThe result from the trial showed a clear reduction in unplanned hospital admissions and contact with emergency care services, which is vital for these key NHS services, and we expect the level of reductions we are seeing will remain the same, as the number of care homes we support increases.\nTogether with the excellent results we have achieved, its also important to realise how using this is benefitting care home residents. Their health is being closely monitored and any deterioration in their health is detected much quicker than before, resulting in spending less time with GPs and in hospital and more time feeling comfortable in their homes. A visit to A&E can be stressful and unsettling.\nThe project has seen KCHFT and care home staff monitoring residents with long-term conditions, such as heart failure, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The care home staff do simple healthcare checks with residents each day and ask condition specific questions, such as have they felt dizzy, short of breath or more tired than normal. They record this information using the Docobo app, which is installed on a tablet.\nAndy said: The Complex Care Team at KCHFT closely monitors the data trends and will quickly detect if a residents health is deteriorating. We have set up parameters for each patient and if their observations fall outside of these, an alert is sent to the on duty complex care nurse who would then respond to the alert.\nThe project is reducing pressures on urgent care services. It also means the Complex Care Team can focus on the patients who urgently need the specialist care that they provide.\nThe care homes we worked with during the trial were very positive about this project and said it has resulted in their staff becoming more confident in looking after residents and carrying out basic observation checks, including blood pressure and temperature. It has helped improve their knowledge and skills.\nAndy has worked on the project with colleagues Steph Rhodes, Head of Long Term Services and Lauren Warburton, Operational Manager west Kent. It has been overseen by KCHFT Medical Director Sarah Phillips.\nThe care homes involved in the project are The Oast, Chippendayle Lodge and Eastfields, in Maidstone and Chestnut Lodge, Tonbridge.\nAndy ran a quality improvement (QI) project to help with the introduction of Docobo at the care homes. He aimed to reduce hospital admissions, calls to 999 and GP visits, each by 10 per cent, but far surpassed this initial target.\nAdrian Flowerday, Managing Director and Co-founder of Docobo, said: Its brilliant to see the real benefits of remote monitoring for care home residents and the fantastic stats speak for themselves.\nDocobo has been working in Kent for some years now and the quality improvement route taken to develop the new way of working in care homes is something weve been happy to support the excellent team at Kent with. The great results are a combination of the people, process and technology coming together, so Id like to personally thank the staff at KCHFT and the care homes for the amazing outcomes, and the fact that it helps so much during the pandemic and lockdown, is great", "answer groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", " alliance & partnership", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["closing", "article publication", "participation in an event"]}, {"question": "\nMore Coverage What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "KX pilates has opened a new studio in Carina and plans a major growth push into Queensland. QLD Business\nDon't miss out on the headlines from QLD Business. Followed categories will be added to My News.\nAUSTRALIAs largest pilates franchise has launched a new studio in Brisbanes southside with plans to kickstart a new growth phase in Queensland.\nKX Pilates opened its new venture in Carina on Saturday which will be the 11th company studio while there are another 70 franchises across Australia, 10 in China and one on Indonesia.\nAaron Smith, 38, who founded the company in 2010 in Melbourne, said they have been in Queensland for about six years and Carina will be their sixth studio.\nOur focus is a big push for more growth up in Queensland, he said.\nWhen we want to grow a state we will open a corporate studio first to really get that buzz and vibe and show prospective franchisees that were putting our money where or mouth is.\nMr Smith started his career as a personal trainer in Melbourne before heading overseas in the early 2000s in search of the latest fitness innovations.\nIn London he came across a dynamic style of pilates which he ended up bringing back to Australia with his own twist a combination of traditional pilates with the strengthening and toning aspects of circuit training.\nIn February 2020 KX pilates celebrated 10 years in business and was on track for $25m annual turnover pre Covid.\nHowever, revenues plunged during lockdown when he was forced to close all studios sparking a pivot to adapt the KX experience from in-studio to an online offer, accessed through an app, including on-demand workouts and live classes with trainers.\nKX pilates founder Aaron Smith. PICTURE: Julian Kingma\nMr Smith, who with his wife and three children recently moved to the Sunshine Coast, stepped down as CEO more than three years ago to focus on overall brand strategy, innovation, and international expansion.\nWe plan to have up to 150 studios over the next three to five years, he said.\nPeople are still a bit iffy about training but we hope in a couple of months things will get back to more normality.\nMr Smith said the franchise model was a natural fit for fitness businesses and all franchisees were either trainers or clients\nThe franchise model works because the natural evolution of a trainer. They want their own businesses at the end of the day, he said", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " new initiatives or programs", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "support & philanthropy", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nFitness & Wellness What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Sugar.fit To Raise $10 Mn In Seed Round Led By Cult.fit, Others. linkedin\nThe funding, expected to close by September, also saw participation from Endiya Partners and Tanglin Venture Partners\nSugar.fit helps users monitor their glucose levels, provides health consultations, personalised care meals, and stress relief & exercise plans\nCurrently operating in Bengaluru and Delhi-NCR, the company plans to use the funds to expand to 10 more cities\nBengaluru-based healthtech startup Sugar.fit that helps users manage and reverse diabetes, is slated to raise $10 Mn in a seed round led by Cult.fit (formerly, Cure.fit). Endiya Partners and Tanglin Venture Partners will also participate in the round, which is expected to close by September.\nFounded by Madan Somasundaram and Shivtosh Kumar, the platform was in stealth mode for nine months until June 2021. It is currently operational in Bengaluru and Delhi-NCR, eyeing an ARR of $1 Mn in the current quarter. The funding will help the startup expand to 10 cities over the next few months.\nSugar.fit helps users monitor their glucose levels, provides health consultations, personalized care meals, and stress relief & exercise plans. Somasundaram states, 90% of our users are seeing a significant drop in their blood sugar levels along with a drastic reduction in medication and weight and are on track for diabetes reversal. Our customers have rated the product 3.9 on a scale of 4 and we are seeing referrals from word-of-mouth every day.\nHrithik Roshan-backed Cult.fit\nwill support the Sugar.fit team with its fitness and wellness content, access to its consumer base in the country, and network of doctors and coaches.\nFounded by Myntra cofounder Mukesh Bansal and former Flipkart executive Ankit Nagori in 2016, Cult.fit uses an online-offline model to offer physical fitness, mental fitness (Mind.fit), nutrition (Eat.fit), with a primary care vertical (Care.fit). It had also acquired connected fitness startup, TREAD to tap into the fitness hardware segment.\nWhile Sugar.fit is not a direct brand under Cult.fit, the company will leverage the healthtech startups customer base to help them solve Type 2 diabetes problems and symptoms.\nA report states that around 77 Mn people in India suffered from diabetes in 2019 and another 80 Mn are pre-diabetic. It is a leading cause of several fatal health complications which requires people to continuously monitor and regulate their sugar levels. There is increasing evidence that with proper medical and lifestyle interventions, diabetes can be prevented, managed better and even reversed.\nSome major players in the health, fitness and wellness space are startups such as Stratfit, Growfitter, Fitnapp, and HealthifyMe, HealWell24 and Malaika Arora-backed SARVA Yoga.\nIn the diabetes diagnosis and prevention segment, Sugar.fit directly competes with Pharmeasy-backed BeatO. The healthtech recently raised almost $6 Mn and claims to have 500,000 app installs overall and 300,000 subscribers, with 25,000 such paying members joining every month", "answer groups": ["funding round", " expanding geography"], "distractor groups": ["hiring", "product updates", "new initiatives or programs", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nMore Thursday Stock Market News What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Uber News: 13 Things for UBER Stock Investors to Know About the NYC Taxi Deal. ) stock is on the move Thursday as investors react to news of a massive New York City taxi deal.\nSource: Proxima Studio / Shutterstock.com\nLets get into that news and everything potential investors in UBER stock need to knowabout it below!\nUber has signed a deal that allows it to list all taxis in NYC on its app.\nThis will have Curb Mobility and Creative Mobile Technologies, the licensed technology providers for NYC, integrating their tech into the Uber app.\nThat will result in some 14,000 taxis being added to the ride-hailing service.\nIt also opens up those drivers to receive tips from Uber customers.\nThe deal makes it so Uber passengers will pay the same for a taxi as they would a lift through the ride-sharing service.\nHowever, one difference is that taxi drivers will see an estimated fare price for the trip.\nThis allows them to reject any others that they dont deem worth their time.\nAs part of the agreement, these cab drivers will also give up a portion of their earnings to Uber.\nThe deal allowing taxis on the Uber app is a major shift from the previous competitive nature between the two businesses.\nEven so, its more of a necessity for taxi drivers than Uber.\nThe industry has been suffering ever since the ride-sharing service entered the scene around 10 years ago.\nWhile taxi drivers have tried different methods to better compete with Uber, the company continued to chip away at their business.\nWith todays deal, taxi drivers may see an increase in business, and Uber will see more profits, which would be a win-win situation.\nUBER stock is up 2.3% as of Thursday morning.\nTheres more stock market news for traders to dive into below!\nWeve got all the hottest stock market news that traders need to know about. That includes the top stocks to watch this week, Russian stock news, as well as this mornings pre-market stock movers. You can find all of this news at the following links", "answer groups": [" service & product providing", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "company description", "ipo exit", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\nRead More News on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Have declared my innings while I am not out, says Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Chief. Comment\nSynopsis\nAs Delhi Metro Rail Corporations (DMRC) managing director Mangu Singh prepares to hang up his boots after steering the organisation for more than a decade and through the worst pandemic in 100 years, the mass transit systems ridership is now closest to pre-Covid levels.\nMangu Singh\n(This story originally appeared in\non Mar 29, 2022)\nAs Delhi MetroRail Corporations (DMRC) managing director Mangu Singhprepares to hang up his boots after steering the organisation for more than a decade and through the worst pandemic in 100 years, the mass transit systems ridership is now closest to pre-Covid levels.\nWe have up to 70% of our pre-Covid ridership, the 66-year-old Singh said in an interview Monday. From 56-57 lakh passenger trips before the outbreak, the figure now stands at 42 lakh on weekdays, he said, adding, We hope the moment school and colleges open, we will see a jump of 5 to 6 lakh.\nSingh said while the metro is nearing 50 lakh passenger trips, it could take time to reach 56 lakh again as many are still working from home or avoiding travel. Earlier, on weekends, people would take joyrides but that has drastically reduced.\nNow, the metro only has office-goers. Passengers going to their workplace will return but there will be fewer in the non-essential category, he said, adding that DMRC is taking all safety precautions.\nThe pandemic resulted in a loss of about Rs 3,500 crore for DMRC, but its reserves, earned through consultancy, came in handy, apart from non-fare revenue, he said.\nFull support from all sides\nAlthough he was at the helm during a devastating pandemic that forced services to close or be restricted for months, Singh considers land acquisition and permission to cut trees as his biggest challenges. Unfortunately, activists sometimes give out wrong information to the public but there is a positive aspect too. If the metro is not there, pollution and emissions would be much higher, he said.\nWhile Delhigovernment and the Centre equal stakeholders in DMRC have sparred over the past few years over various issues, particularly the fare hike, Singh said he has always received full support. Politics is one thing, but I believe nobody will stop you from doing work. We got full support from both the sides, he said.\nOn the arbitral award DMRC has to pay to Delhi Airport Metro Express Private Limited, a subsidiary of Reliance Infrastructure for the Airport Express Line, Singh said it is not a penalty as perceived by some, but a clause in such contracts.\nOur fight all along was that we are not at fault, so (DAMEPL) should not be paid fully. We believed right from the beginning that metro projects are not fit for private investment because the contract period is so long and there are so many uncertainties, he added.\nSingh said that in a challenging and rewarding tenure, his only regret is the metros technical control remains with Indian Railways. Moreover, there should be an automatic mechanism for fare revision at regular intervals based on factors like wholesale price index, he added.\nNo politics or pvt firm role\nIn 2011, when Metro man E Sreedharan decided to quit, the capital witnessed many bureaucrats and technocrats vying for the position but the baton was passed on to Singh.\nSingh said he never wanted to work in Delhi. I perceived life here as tough and it was not an easy decision, he said. But destiny had other plans. Since taking charge, Singh let his work do the talking.\nNow, with Vikas Kumar, director (operations), expected to take over the reins, the outgoing MD said DMRC is an organisation with many competent people to lead it. Asked if he had any advice for his successor, he said with a smile, Rest assured, DMRC is in safe hands.\nI have declared my innings while I am not out, Singh said, adding one should not delay such decisions.\nAsked whats in store for him next, Singh said, The plan for the next one month is not thinking about the future. After that, we will see.\nOn whether politics was an option, Singh replied with an emphatic no. If you fight elections at this age, you cant do grassroot politics. I will also not be working for any big private company, he said, reasoning he would be used for his position to get work done in government offices, rather than for his knowledge. DMRC, however, will always remain in his heart and he would always be available for it, he added", "answer groups": [" executive appointment", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "closing", "expanding industry", "department establishment"]}, {"question": "ca What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Surreys Women of Options campaign tops $1.5M with push from waterfront companies. Community\nSurreys Women of Options fundraising effort has reached its $1.5-million goal, thanks to a late-campaign push from waterfront companies in the area.\nThe South of the Fraser Maritime Employers group has donated $36,000 to Options Community Services project to build an affordable-housing complex now taking shape in Newton, at 81 Avenue and King George Boulevard.\nTo celebrate the organizations 50th anniversary, 50 local Women of Options were each tasked with raising $25,000 to build and furnish the housing project, starting last February\nThe new complex, to be operated by Habitat Housing Society, will cater to women fleeing violence, refugees, seniors, at-risk youth and others facing barriers in finding decent, affordable homes.\nLocal waterfront companies that donated to the cause include Ceres Terminals Canada, DP World Fraser Surrey, Global Container Terminals Canada, Western Group, and BC Maritime Employers Association.\nOptions Community Services is one of the most respected not-for-profit organizations in the South Fraser region, said Jennifer Perih, of Global Container Terminals, on behalf of the group. We couldnt be prouder to answer their call and support their critical work building affordable housing for women, youth and others at risk of homelessness in our communities.\nRELATED STORY: $50K boost for Surreys Women of Options campaign to build affordable housing\nOf the 100 units in the new building, 30 will be market rentals, and the remaining 70 will be well below market rates, with rent starting as low as $375 per month. The building will also house community services such as Early Years, mental-health outreach and family services.\nWhat a wonderful way to wrap up our campaign to raise $1.5 million to build affordable homes for Surrey women and others in need of support, said Christine Mohr, CEO of Options Community Services and Habitat Housing Society, its sister company managing the project.\nThanks to Penny Priddy, we have forged new relationships within our waterfront industry. Together, we are making a big difference.\nPriddy, among the Women of Options fundraisers and a former board member of Vancouver Fraser Port Authority, reached out to the waterfront companies and helped co-ordinate their donation to the campaign.\nOptions is planning an Around the World anniversary galafor April 8, 2022, at Hazelmere Golf and Tennis Club. For more details visit womenofoptions", "answer groups": [" new initiatives or programs", " support & philanthropy", "funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["other", "product updates"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "ADM joins sustainable innovation alliance. Sam Danley\nCHICAGO ADM Ventures, the corporate venture capital arm of ADM, is joining forces with the Genesis Consortium.\nFounded by Silicon Valley-based investors SOSV and Mayfield Fund, Genesis is a global alliance of venture capital firms and corporations dedicated to supporting startups that leverage biology to promote human and planetary health. SOSV is the parent company of IndieBio, a startup accelerator and early-stage investor for biology-centered startups.\nThe new partnership will accelerate the commercial launch and scale-up of startups solving health and environmental problems, according to ADM.\nWe view the Genesis Consortium as a conduit through which ADM can collaborate with emerging players in the industry to bring to market new, natural products that simultaneously meet consumer demands and solve pressing global challenges, said Ian Pinner, chief strategy and innovation officer at ADM. Innovative startups are unlocking scientific advancements by leveraging biology and fermentation to produce nutritional, health and wellness, and bio-material solutions sustainably and cost-competitively. ADM is focused on leveraging its deep expertise in fermentation to accelerate the commercialization of these game-changing innovations.\nADM works with innovators advancing sustainability across its global business and has recently announced partnerships with startup companies including Air Protein a maker of air-based meat, Spiber, a maker of lab-grown spider silk, and NET Power, a clean energy company.\nThrough ADM Ventures, it invests in startups with disruptive technologies across three key areas: human nutrition, animal nutrition and sustainability. It also seeks startups that utilize ADMs assets and feedstock to produce sustainable materials, in addition to technologies that enhance the effectiveness of ADMs operations. ADM Ventures separate, internal incubated new products group creates and operates new product lines and new businesses for the company", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "m&a", "support & philanthropy"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "PCHC to start drive-thru COVID-19 testing. Drive-thru testing for COVID-19 is now available at the Pineville Community Health Center.\nPCHC will begin offering the drive-thru testing on Wednesday, May 20.\nAppointments are required. Please call the appointment line at 606-654-4693, Monday thru Friday from 9-5.\nStandard days and times for testing will be Mondays and Fridays 11am - 5pm and Saturday from 10am - 2 pm.\nWere not limiting it to residents or anything else, its just by appointment only and it takes an order from a doctor or family practice to get the test through the lab company. We can also set it up through our nurse practitioners so that we can write an order for them, PCHS CEO Terry Nichols said. We do bill insurance but there is no cost to the patient. If the patient doesnt have insurance there is a way in Kentucky and well get them set up so that it gets taken care of.\nPCHC is also doing antibody blood testing in their lab.\nThe antibody test is for people that think they have been exposed to it or think they may have had it in the past. They dont have to be showing any symptoms whatsoever, Nichols said. Again, it takes an order from their family practice or through our nurse practitioner, either way.\nThe drive-thru test is done with a swab of the nasal cavity and results are available within 48 to 72 hours. The hospital will pass the results along to the ordering physician who will then notify the patient.\nAs we do more tests, the time may extend out. We have some labs that initially got covered up and it was taking four to seven days, Nichols added. Right now its 48 to 72 hours.\nResults from the antibody test are usually available in 12 to 24 hours. Nichols said those times could also get lengthened as the number of tests being done increases.\nHe said PCHC is equipped to handle as many as 200 tests per day.\nFriday afternoon the hospital did a test run with Bell County Judge-Executive and Pineville Mayor Scott Madon among the first to be tested along with Jailer Gary Ferguson and Bell County Public Health Director Teresa Hunter and Health Department Nurse Supervisor Trissa Wilder.\nWhen Brock was about to receive the first test, Nichols said they had a special swab just for him and produced a five-foot swab as a joke. The actual testing was done by nurses Mary Bishop and Bonnie Browning.\nThat wasnt nearly as bad as I expected it to be, Brock said. I would definitely encourage everyone to come and get tested.\nSupport Local Journalism\nWeve been there for you, now were asking that you be there for us. While we will continue to share COVID-19 and urgent health news for free, we will be requiring a subscription for most of our news and sports content. Please click on SUBSCRIBE or call your local newspaper office", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " executive statement", " expanding industry"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "expanding geography", "department establishment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "ZibaHub launches Inclusive Beauty to help consumers. ZibaHub launches Inclusive Beauty to help consumers find beauty professionals who meet their needs\nWednesday, 23 December 2020(\n1 hour ago\n)\nZibaHub created an digital networking platform for beauty and wellness professionals. Now, it's created badges and filters to help consumers find professionals who meet their specific needs", "answer groups": ["new initiatives & programs", " product updates"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "m&a", "foundation", "regulatory approval"]}, {"question": " The earbuds are teased to have a transparent designthat is claimedto be the sole reason behind the delay in their launch What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Nothing Ear 1 TWS Earbuds Price Revealed, Set to Debut With Active Noise Cancellation. Nothing Ear 1 TWS Earbuds Price Revealed, Set to Debut With Active Noise Cancellation\nNothing Ear 1 TWS Earbuds Price Revealed, Set to Debut With Active Noise Cancellation\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds will take on the likes of Googles Pixel Buds A-Series and Samsungs Galaxy Buds Live at the GBP 99 price tag.\nBy Jagmeet Singh| Updated: 6 July 2021 18:17 IST\nPhoto Credit: Nothing\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds are teased to feature a transparent design\nHighlights\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds global pricing has been revealed\nThe company is yet to announce Ear 1s price in India\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds will be first of 3 products from the company\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds price has been revealed after much anticipation and a slew of early teasers. The venture owned by OnePlus co-founder Carl Pei on Tuesday informed Gadgets 360 that its Ear 1 true wireless stereo (TWS) earbuds will offer active noise cancellation (ANC) at a global price tag of GBP 99 (roughly Rs. 10,200). The earbuds are already teased to have a transparent design that would be aimed to counter Apple AirPods. Alongside the availability planned for markets including the US and UK, the Nothing Ear 1 earbuds are also set to debut in India.\nNothing Ear 1 price\nThe Nothing Ear 1TWS earbuds from Nothing will be available with a global price tag of GBP 99 that makes them sit alongside Google Pixel Buds A-Seriesand Samsung Galaxy Buds Live However, the pricing is certainly lower than the 2nd-generation AirPodsthat are available in the UK with a regular charging case at GBP 159 (roughly Rs. 16,400). Nothinghas not yet revealed the India pricing of the Ear 1 earbuds. But nonetheless, the London-based company is likely to reveal those details in the coming days considering its interest in the Indian market so far.\nNothing Ear 1 features\nAlongside the global price, Nothing revealed that the Ear 1 TWS earbuds would come with ANC support using three high-definition microphones. Carl Pei stated in his interviewwith TechCrunch that the earbuds will be similar feature-wise to AirPods Pro, which are at GBP 249 (roughly Rs. 25,700).\nOnePlus Co-Founder Carl Peis Nothing to Launch Its TWS Earbuds on July 27\nNothing Ear 1 TWS earbuds will be the first of three products that the company has in the works, TechCrunch reports", "answer groups": [" company description", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "expanding industry", "support & philanthropy", "event organization"]}, {"question": "\n###\nShare article on social media or email:\nView article via: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Script to Screen Announces Insider Interview on Direct Response Television: How Storytelling Can Grow Your Brand. Script to Screen Announces Insider Interview on Direct Response Television: How Storytelling Can Grow Your Brand\nShare Article\nDRTV Expert Ken Kerry and Chief Marketing Officer of Dental Choice Holdings Bob Molhoek on How to Know if Retail is Right for Your Brand in 2022\nScript to Screen logo\nWe have decades of experience assisting brands such as Sports Illustrated, Rolling Stone, Nike, BMW, and others getting their messages straight to the consumer.\nLOS ANGELES (PRWEB)\nMarch 24, 2022\nIn the latest in a series of ThoughtLeaderThursday Insider Interviews hosted by integrated Direct Response/Direct-to-Consumer agency Script to Screen, its Co-Founder and Executive Creative Director Ken Kerrywill join with Chief Marketing Officer of Dental Choice Holdings, Bob Molhoek on Direct Response Television: How Storytelling Can Grow Your Brand on Thursday, March 24, 2022 at 2:00pm ET / 11:00am PT.\nAs CMO of Dental Choice Holdings, Molhoek runs campaigns for AIRWAAV, Game On Mouthguards and CustMbite Dental Products. He is an experienced leader who has used his creativity, entrepreneurial spirit, and marketing expertise to help dozens of businesses and brands create momentum and marketplace success. Most of Molhoeks career has been spent leading strategy and business development at agencies including Fallon, Olson, and SixSpeed or leading startup ventures with company exits totaling more than $300 million. He has worked on leading global brands or their subsidiaries including BMW, Nike, Target, Allianz and UnitedHealth Group.\nInsider Interview attendees will learn:\nWhy DRTV is essential for educating customers and how to break into retail (move to line up)\nLong form vs. short form content: which is right for your brand?\nThe importance of channel diversity and media layering\nHow to create problem-solution oriented content\nTo watch this Insider Interview, please visit:\nhttps://www.scripttoscreen.com/join-us-for-direct-response-television-how-storytelling-can-grow-your-brand/\nWe have decades of experience assisting brands such as Sports Illustrated, Rolling Stone, Nike, BMW, and others getting their messages straight to the consumer. We demonstrate in this Insider Interview how we can apply our successful methods to a variety of consumer products and industries, said Molhoek.\nKerry said, Our discussion with Bob will highlight how he and Dental Choice Holdings have used DRTV brilliantly to garner record-breaking success for products such as AIRWAAV. Direct response advertising can be the answer for similar products in various industries that will benefit from reaching the consumer quickly with vibrant and detailed visuals detailing new and innovative features. Join our Insider Interview to learn the secrets of how to make direct response ads work for your product or service.\nKerry serves as Executive Creative Director at Script to Screenand his hands-on involvement ensures the highest production values are combined with solid Direct Response principles. He co-founded Script to Screen in 1986, along with his wife, Barbara, CEO. Script to Screen has produced more long-form infomercials for more marketers than any other company.\nAbout Script to Screen\nEstablished in 1986, Script to Screen is an industry-leading Integrated Direct Response Agency, delivering a single, end-to-end solution for Direct-to-Consumer sales, lead generation, web traffic and conversions, and retail lift. Specializing in a strategic combination of cost-effective customer acquisition and brand building, Script to Screen has successfully collaborated with entrepreneurs and big brands alike to expand revenue channels and build businesses. Clients such as AAA, Amazon, Bare Escentuals, Beachbody, Blink, Bose, Church & Dwight, Cleva, Comcast, Conair, Ehealthinsurance, Este Lauder, Generac, Guthy-Renker, Hoover, Keurig, LifeLock, LOral, Nescaf, Netspend, Nugenix, Nutrisystem, Omaha Steaks, philosophy, SharkNinja, Snow Joe, SoClean, Tria Beauty, Pfizer, and Wahl are among the major companies that have turned to Script to Screen for creative strategy, messaging and production in all channels in both offline and online of their DRTV campaigns", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "patent publication", "other", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Whiting, Oasis merger WHOAsis will double new company's size without adding any new debt. Save\nThey dont yet have a name, but they will soon be the Williston Basins largest asset holder and its No. 2 producer. Whiting and Oasis have announced a merger, WHOAsis if you will, because it's the sort of deal that stops you for a moment as you consider the ramifications. This deal doubles the size of either company alone, giving them 972,000 net acres and 170,000 barrels of oil production per day, all while maintaining an essentially leverage-free company.\nWhiting was one of the first Bakken companies to declare bankruptcy in the wake of the COVID-19-induced downturn in the oil and gas sector in 2020. It had too much debt from the Kodiak deal, which left it too overextended when yet another downturn hit. Oasis followed suit not long after. It had overextended itself in part with what was one of the most expensive entries into the Permian.\nThe two emerged from bankruptcy a few short months later, shedding billions in debt in the process, and followed what seemed like an almost identical playbook. Each company sold off assets in other basins and used the proceeds to scale up in the Williston Basin, snapping up contiguous properties, all while maintaining as low a debt profile as possible.\nNeither of these companies can achieve the size and scale they would need, however, to make further deals on the Williston Basin consolidation that is likely ahead, Enverus analyst Andrew Dittmar told the Williston Herald in an email.\nThis is particularly key, as there are large positions held by multi-basin producers that could be available as acquisition targets for Whiting and Oasis, but were likely beyond the scope of deals that either company could tackle on their own, he said. Further acquisitions should be part of the combined companies strategy, as inventory management is key in a relatively mature play like the Bakken, and further consolidation will continue to broaden the companys relevance in equity markets.\nPeterson appeared to reflect similar reasoning during an investor call when asked if the new company plans to roll up more acquisitions in the Basin.\nI think our visions really align, he said. How weve gone the last year to grow our positions in the Basin. And I think putting the two companies together obviously gives us much, much more financial strength to pursue or chase other situations that might arise.\nPeterson also described the WHOAsis merger as just the first in a series of steps the new company needs to take over the next several years.\nNew financial strength is just one of several advantages Whiting and Oasis gain by merging, Peterson added.\nThe new company will be worth about $6 billion combined and will generate $1.2 billion in free cash flow at $85 WTI pricing and $3.50 MMBtu NYMEX gas. This while remaining basically leverage free.\nWhiting shareholders will own about 53 percent of the combined company upon closing and Oasis shareholders will own about 47 percent. Whiting shareholders will receive $6.25 per share in the form of merger consideration, while Oasis shareholders will get a special dividend of $15 per share.\nAs we look to the free cash flow thats going to be generated by the combined entity, it is a pretty sizable number, Peterson said. So I think returning some to our shareholders up front makes a lot of sense.\nA name will be announced at a later date for the new company, which will be headquartered in Houston, which is where Oasis is headquartered. Whiting's Denver headquarters, meanwhile, will also be maintained for the foreseeable future.\nWHOAsis will be run by top executives from both companies, Peterson said, bringing together two very experienced Bakken teams. Whiting President and Chief Executive Officer Lynn Peterson will serve as Executive Chair and Oasis Chief Executive Officer Danny Brown will serve as Chief Executive Officer of the new company.\nPeterson and Brown outlined $65 million in cost savings they expect on an annual basis starting the second half of 2023, after the transaction closes in late 2022.\nBrown said about $35 million is associated with administrative items, and about $30 million are operational synergies, while Peterson stressed that the executive team is not trying to be overly aggressive on cost efficiency.\nWe are excited to move forward together as a much stronger combined company with a debt-free balance sheet, Peterson said. And were confident that our combined company will continue to be a leader from an ESG perspective.\nBrown said both companies together will be second lowest in the Williston Basin in terms of greenhouse gas emissions intensity, based on gross operating production.\nWhile were pleased with the performance, I think its fair to say were excited to work together ro build on these best practices and reduce our emission intensity further, Brown added.\nOasis and Whiting each plan to continue their existing activity levels, running about the same number of rigs in each company prior to close and for a period of time after the closing, until the management team has put together a new, integrated and optimized development plan.\nAmong the low-hanging fruit as far as opportunities to improve efficiency, Peterson said he foresees longer laterals on a combined acreage position, as well as more flexibility to move rigs and completion crews around, while avoiding any midstream constraints.\nAnalysts are characterizing the merger as a true marriage of equals, but don't think it's necessarily a harbinger for further public company consolidation.\nThere are not that many potential merger pairs out there that have as clear a path to consolidation as these two, Dittmar said, adding, Rather than signaling an exit for a seller or a strategic shift for a buyer, this deal is about two companies that plan to continue down the same path as before the deal, but have merged their parallel tracks. In a highly volatile energy market like we have currently, mergers of equals like this make more sense than a true buy/sell deal that is hard to price", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "new initiatives or programs", "other", "patent publication"]}, {"question": "\n2021 InvestorPlace Media, LLC What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "BNGO Stock Is Great Buy as Bionano Progresses on Multiple Fronts. ) continues to take steps that will, in the long-term, tremendously boost its results and the share price. Consequently, I remain very bullish on BNGO stock.\nSource: Natali_ Mis/ShutterStock.com\nMore specifically, the sales of Bionanos Saphyr DNA mapping system are still accelerating, while a recent acquisitionby the company should make the product much more useful and valuable.\nAlso very importantly, Bionano continues to make progress toward proving Saphyrs ability to detect diseases early, thereby saving many lives. That proof, in turn, will enable the users of Saphyr to be reimbursed by the government for their purchases and use of the system. As a result, the genome analysis company will be able to meaningfully increase its prices.\nSales Acceleration and a Potent Acquisition\nIn the third quarter, Bionano more than doubled shipments 24 versus 11 during the year-earlier period, and 13 in the first quarter, CEO Erik Homlin told participants on the Q3 earnings conference call on Nov. 4.\nWhats more, the company sold a quarterly record 3,969 nanochannel array flow cells, a 122% jump over the same period a year earlier. A flow cell is used each time a human genome is analyzed by Saphyr.\nMeanwhile, Bionano announced it will buy BioDiscovery, whose platform allows the structural variants of DNA to be analyzed more easily and more quickly, Chief Business Officer Rich Shippy said.\nThe $100 million cash and stock dealalso will enable Bionano to directly target the discovery and translational research markets, Shippy explained. Finally, BioDiscoverys software will allow Bionano to integrate Saphyrs optical DNA mapping capabilities with next-generation sequencing and genetic analysis capabilities, the CEO stated.\nI believe that the acquisition will make Saphyr more attractive by significantly simplifying the use of the system for researchers and medical professionals. Perhaps more importantly for BNGO stock, my analysis shows that the inclusion of BioDiscoverys software will enable Bionano to charge much more for the use of Saphyr.\nThats because, in developed countries, professionals have become very used to paying significant, recurring subscription fees for software. For example, its not unusual for businesses to charge a company $25 per user, per month for software. By charging such subscription fees for the combination of Saphyr and BioDiscovery, Bionano should be able to exponentially increase its revenue.\nAnd finally, as Bionanos chief business officer, indicated, the company should benefit meaningfully from being able to pitch Saphyr to BioDiscoverys current users and from marketing BioDiscoverys software to Saphyrs current users.\nGetting Closer to Reimbursement\nIn a study of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) an otherwise rare muscle disease, Saphyr showed that it was able to generate data more quickly, accurately and more reproducibly than the current gold standard method of Southern blot, Homlin reported. And in an ongoing, postnatal study, Saphy demonstrated 100% concordance with standard testing tools, he stated. He noted that it also identified what he described as valuable information that will enable researchers to correctly diagnose more patients.\nBionano is also making progress in its trials of Saphyr for the analysis of blood cancers and prenatal diseases.\nWe believe data to be generated as part of these studies will serve as a basis to support changes in guidelines set by medical societies that will ultimately recommend uses of optical genome mapping as part of the standard of care, Homlin stated.\nIn other words, these studies will probably yield positive results, causing insurers and governments to reimburse hospitals and researchers for the use of Saphyr. That, in turn, will enable Bionano to charge much higher prices for Saphyr, greatly lifting the price of BNGO stock.\nThe Bottom Line on BNGO Stock\nBionanos acquisition makes Saphyr much more attractive and should enable the company to meaningfully raise its top and bottom lines. The $100 million price tag should pay off for BNGO stock holders.\nMeanwhile, the company continues to make significant progress on studies that should result in the use of Saphyr being reimbursed by governments and insurers. Such a development, more than likely, would enable Bionano to charge much more for its products, causing BNGO stock to surge.\nGiven these points and the relatively low $149 billion market capitalization on the shares, I continue to recommend that long-term investors buy the stock.\nOn the date of publication, Larry Ramer\nheld a long position in BNGO.\nPublishing Guidelines\n.\nLarry Ramer has conducted research and written articles on U.S. stocks for 14 years. He has been employed by The Fly and Israels largest business newspaper, Globes. Larry began writing columns for InvestorPlace in 2015.Among his highlysuccessful, contrarian picks have been GE, solar stocks, and Snap. You can reach him on StockTwits at@larryramer.\nArticle printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2021/11/bngo-stock-great-buy-bionano-progressing-on-multiple-fronts/", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["other", "event organization", "product updates", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\nTAGS What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Rakuten plays 5G cloud-native Symphony with Robin.io. Robin.io\n, the Kubernetes storage startup with a 5G edge infrastructure operations and management software stack, has been snapped up by Rakuten Symphony.\nRakuten, regarded as Japans version of Amazon, is an online retail company that owns mobile carrier Rakuten Symphony, originally Rakuten Mobile. The Symphony business unit was spun off in August 2021 and has both 4G/5G technology and services in its portfolio.\nRakuten Symphony CEO Tareq Amin said in a statement: We plan to continue to invest into Robin.ios cloud-native portfolio of products to further advance our capabilities and offer the most advanced and highly integrated cloud platform mobile operators demand.\nEdge cloud requirements are unique and critical as mobile operators transition to 5G. The next era of digital experience requires another level of performance, responsiveness and consistency that enables telecom operator and enterprise transformation to be safely accelerated while creating a platform to support the next 10 years of experiences.\nRobin.io diagram\nRobin.io was founded in 2013 by CEO Partha Seetala and has raised $86m in venture capital funding. It has more than 70 patents for its cloud-native storageand associated technologies, and started collaborating with Rakuten in 2019 when Rakuten Mobile used Robin.io in production for the Japanese deployment of the worlds first end-to-end fully virtualised cloud-native mobile network. Robin.io has petabyte-size deployments with its software running on tens of thousands of servers in production.\nRakuten said that the addition of Robin.ios multi-cloud mobility, hyper automation and orchestration capabilities to the Rakuten Symphony portfolio allows the creation of highly efficient, consistent high performance cloud infrastructure and operations, from edge to central data centre. The new business unit wants to accelerate and strengthen the complete end-to-end automated cloud offering for customers across the globe.\nSeetala, who will become president of Rakuten Symphonys Unified Cloud business unit, said: I am delighted that Robin.ios technology innovations over the last several years will now get a much bigger canvas to lead the vision for cloud-native transformation for the industry. Our vision to deliver simple to use, easy to deploy hyperscale automation is very well aligned.\nThe acquisition terms are confidential and the deal is subject to closing conditions. As Robin.io is apparently doing extremely well and has unique cloud-native, 5G edge automation technology, we might expect a 4x or 5x return for its investors", "answer groups": [" company description", "m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "participation in an event", "alliance & partnership"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Amazons Luxe Listings becomes hot property as streaming giant plans global versions. , registeror subscribeto save articles for later.\nNormal text size\nVery large text size\nAdvertisement\nAmazon Prime Video is considering launching international versions of its local reality series Luxe Listings after the first season outperformed expectations in countries outside of Australia.\nThe streaming giant announced plans to air a third season of Luxe Listings Sydney, which showcases some of the most expensive properties in the city, before the end of the year. But James Farrell, Amazon Studios vice president of local original film and TV said teams across the world were already trying to find a way to make their versions.\n(L-R) Gavin Rubinstein from Luxe Listings Sydney, actor Shuang Hu from Five Blind Dates, Amazon Prime head of international originals, James Farrell and local content boss Tyler Bern\nCredit:\nDominic Lorrimer\nWhat surprised me was how well it travelled outside Australia, Mr Farrell said. Were thinking should we remake it in Canada? Should we make it in Europe?\nThis was the first one, and its gone so well that all the teams around the world that have seen this one are saying hey, were going do that here. Its really cool to kind of have an idea originate and do so well that we want to do it in more places.\nLuxe Listings Sydney, which first launched last year, is a reality show that follows real-estate agentsDLeanne Lewis, Gavin Rubinstein, buyers agent Simon Cohen and, in season two, international marketing specialist Monika Tu as they negotiate deals in Sydneys hyper-competitive real-estate market.\nAmazon Prime Videos local content boss Tyler Bern said the company did not break out audience viewing for any of its programs, but the commission of a third season was indicative of its success. Mr Berns comments were made as Prime Video announced the release of its first local film, Five Blind Dates, written by actor and influencer Shuang Hu. The film, which is about a Chinese Australian tea-shop owner looking for love, will start production in April.\nLoading\nFive Blind Dates is the 15th local program to be commissioned by Amazon Prime Video since 2019. Mr Bern said last May the company had invested $150 million in local programsthrough the launch of documentaries such as The Test, stand-up comedy specials such as LOL: Last One Laughing AU and dramas including Back to the Rafters.\nLike other global streaming giants, Amazon Prime Video has come under pressure in recent years to increase its investment in local content. Communications Minister Paul Fletcher announced plans to establish an incentive scheme which would require global services to invest in Australian content and report annually on expenditure. If these services fail to invest 5 per cent of gross Australian revenue in local content, the scheme would mandate them. The streaming giants already believe they invest enough in the market without it.\nAdvertisement\nMr Farrell said the company already spent a lot of money on local investment, but said the Australian market was challenging because of the extreme shortage in production staff and equipment.\nTheres only a couple of other countries in the world that I go to - Spain is another one- where they just cant find people to hold the cameras, Mr Farrell said. Theres so much production going on, but there are no stages, theres no cameras.\nMr Bern said there was no short-term fix to the problem.\nIts up to the production community and to people like us and our peers commissioning content...to start investing in training to build capacity from the ground up because right now, you cant get a sound stage or someone to hold a camera, he said.\nAmazon has emerged in recent years as a major force in Hollywood, which is currently undergoing a fresh wave of consolidation as legacy media companies adjust their business models to streaming.\nLoading\nIn Australia, Amazon Prime Video competes for eyeballs against international streaming services such as Paramount+ , Disney+ and Netflix, as well as local players Stan, Foxtels Kayo Sports and Binge. Foxtel is currently deciding whether to list on the ASX,a decision that is being determined by a range of factors including the expiry of a major output deal with HBO Max. If it goes ahead, it could ultimately lead to a shakeout in the local streaming landscape.\nMr Farrell said one of the unique things about the Australian market was that more people join Amazon for its streaming service than its retail offering.\nThe majority of people in Australia come in through streaming, he says. Its amazing that were bringing people to Amazon, and then they start to learn about all the other benefits of being Prime members.\nHe said there was still a long way to go in growing the platforms global subscriber base.\nThe Market Recap newsletter is a wrap of the days trading", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "expanding geography", " product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "partnerships & alliances", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "BodyBio Introduces E-Lyte Balanced Electrolyte Concentrate. 0\nShares\nMILLVILLE, N.J. BodyBio, the nutritional supplement company and leader in cellular health, has launched a new size E-Lyte, a balanced electrolyte concentrate designed to mimic the electrolyte levels in the body. BodyBio was one of the first to make a hydration supplement in 1984, and still boats the highest concentration on the market. E-Lyte contains no sugars or artificial sweeteners; just pure, salty electrolytes formulated with the three ingredients that support perfect pH balance sodium, potassium and magnesium.\nAvailable online in a 4 oz. bottle for $8.99 and a 20 oz. bottle for $24.99, a capful of E-Lyte is all thats required to optimize an 8 oz. glass of water for full electrolyte recovery and replenishment. E-Lyte can also be added to foods normally salty in flavor liked cooked soups, stews, pasta or broth.\nE-Lyte is different from any other electrolyte drink available. It has no sugars and no artificial sweeteners and has been engineered to be the best in aiding with electrolyte recovery, said Jessica Berman, Head of Marketing. When you actively work to recharge and give your body what it needs, everything aligns with it: mood, energy, recovery, acuteness, and overall quality of health.\nWith the medical grade ratio of minerals in E-Lyte, electrolytes can prevent cramps, boost energy, maintain body temperature, reducing fatigue and aid in neurological functions. Electrolyte loss can be caused by stress, poor diet, exercise, pregnancy, illness and medications.\nE-Lyte in not only prescribed to address electrolyte deficiencies but can be proactively applied to support the body for fitness training and extended workouts. Two-time Triathlon World Cup Champion, Renee Tomlin, uses E-Lyte in tandem with her triathlon training sessions in Colorado Springs, Colorado, which is at an elevation of 6,000 ft.\nI have to be conscious of the impact my training regiment can have on my hydration status. Fortunately, E-Lyte mixed with 10-12ozs of apple juice in the morning helps pre-load or replenish essential electrolytes before or between the mornings sessions, noted Tomlin. Not only is it critical to have the proper balance of electrolytes in your system, but its imperative to stay on top of this balance in certain environmental conditions or under particular bodily stressors.\nFor more information on E-Lyte and BodyBio visit bodybio.com/elyte-electrolyte-concentrate.\nAbout BodyBio\nRESEARCH BACKED. QUALITY DRIVEN. BodyBio was conceived when the founder, Ed Kane, developed targeted blood chemistry analysis and epigenetic testing to investigate the most complex disorders in the world. His mission began with developing a medical software program that would produce a list of required nutrients based on an individuals blood chemistry results matched to the medical literature. The findings from that research developed into BodyBio as we know it today", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["foundation", "alliance & partnership", "regulatory approval", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": " Five years later, she started Obria Group, whose mission is to partner with the best pregnancy medical clinics across the country who share a vision to offer patients a full scope of medical services, What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "EXCLUSIVE: HHS Makes $5.1 Million Grant to Pro-Life Community Clinics. Would Women Be OK Without Planned Parenthood?\nWith the HHS grant, Bravo said, she hopes to expand Obrias reach through branding, getting our name out there so we can bring more clinics, and expanding medical services.\nAnd, she said, really just uniting the pro-life movement, coming together and start working together instead of being fractured.\nBravo, 66, has three sons of her own. She said Obria was born out of her own experience as a post-abortive mother who wishes she had a life-affirming option to consider when she had the abortion in\n1980\n.\nShe said she gave up the engineering consulting firm she owned following her return to church one day after staying away for a time. She heard a talk from a woman after Mass who spoke about reaching out to women in crisis pregnancies.\nBravo decided to become a counselor at a pregnancy resource center, and that ultimately led her to start up Obria:\nI launched Birth Choice Clinics, and then of course knew that we had to rebrand into a name that millennials would embraceone word, one name, and a name that we could trademark so that we can define what it is and nobody else could take it. So, I hired a branding company [and] we became Obria and hit the ground running.\nBravo founded Obria Medical Clinics in 2012", "answer groups": ["funding round", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "clinical trial sponsorship", "hiring", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " In the meantime, any person who does not need the wait to be too lengthy can at all times flip to a just right\ndisregard it What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "All of the main points of the spectacular Hogwarts Legacy State of Play: release window gameplay tale and a lot more. WhatsApp\nHogwarts Legacy its been sufficient and there was left over to fill a State of Play which turns out to have fallen brief. Avalanche Studios is giving all of it in Warners major guess for this yr and what used to be noticed this night will gasoline much more the need for what might be probably the most nice video games of the yr. quarter-hour had been sufficient to boost expectancies and display little drugs of the whole thing that awaits us on this spectacular\nmotion\nOpen international RPG set within the Harry Potter universe.\nFrom the start of the presentation, the sport has made its role-playing side transparent with a personality author who will lay the principles for our avatar simply prior to going throughout the sorting hat rite. Its going to rely on him wherein of the 4 homes of Hogwarts we can start our journey, one that may take us to the depths of essentially the most well-known fort of magical realism, and that turns out made up our minds to satisfy the dream of hundreds of thousands of enthusiasts of the franchise: to be scholars of Hogwarts.\nAs scholars, we should attend the categories of the other topics of our path as we domesticate our relationships with our colleagues (which might accompany us at sure occasions and can have their very own missions that may let us get to understand them higher). From protection towards the darkish arts to botany and potions, thru spell duels. All this to broaden a personality that we will mould to our liking in step with the training this is performed. we can use a wide variety of spells and potions to take advantage of a battle device that appears to be stuffed with probabilities and that adapts, no less than aesthetically, whats noticed within the motion pictures and whats learn within the books to 1000 wonders.\nWingardium Leviosa, accio, confundus, espelliarmus, lumos\n They all have long gone for a stroll within the gameplay of the State of Play appearing explicit and justified makes use of. The chances appear monumental.\nA finding out that may lend a hand us to discover each the good surroundings that surrounds the mystical faculty and the personal Hogwarts and its underground caverns. The fort appears to be stuffed with secrets and techniques to find, proposing an exploration that strongly remembers the standard tours of Harry Potter and corporate to unmask the thriller of the day (lurking lecturers integrated). As well as, on a visible stage, the sport performed by way of Avalanche is as detailed as its impressive. From the lecture rooms within the motion pictures to the eating room, the courtyards, the Hogsmeade village, the whole thing is recreated intimately in step with the classy universe established by way of the cinematographic works. Till weve instance to peer, finally, the Hufflepuff commonplace room.\nHistorical past, for its section, puts us at past due 19th century, and places us within the position of a magician in a position to perceiving and channeling an historical and mysterious magic. A premise that he makes use of in an effort to broaden his personal plot wherein, it sort of feels, the goblins are reserved for him. So hell for sure delve into the the explanation why the mystical neighborhood does now not permit them to make use of wands to channel his mysterious energy. However past that, what the name places prior to us is a big open international, stuffed with all the ones actions and customs which were construction the fiction of this magical international. From Quidditch to Implausible Beasts,\ncrafteo\nto profit from in potions, elevating crops with magical houses, skirmishes with darkish wizards, unfastened flight on a brush, secret ruins, dragons and a lot more.\nHogwatrs Legacy has been producing expectancies for a very long time, and for now it has gained them over with an exemplary presentation wherein it has put the entire playing cards at the desk, changing into, as of nowadays, one of the expected video video games of the yr. An adaptation to which, at the present time, its tricky accountable him for far. To the contrary, I believe that a couple of folks can have been stuck by way of marvel by way of what Avalanche confirmed.\nSadly, we dont but have a precise date, however sure with a release window that puts the sport in Christmas 2022. The 3 Smart Males and Santa Claus are going to have paintings", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " participation in an event"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "clinical trial sponsorship", "hiring", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nMost Popular What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "New Chairman Coming At Scandinavian Tobacco Group. Share\nShare\nScandinavian Tobacco Group, one of the largest producers of premium cigars in the world, will soon have a new chairman. Nigel Northridge, who has been chairman since 2017, intends to retire, and has informed the board of directors that he will not run for reelection in March.\nIn a statement released today, the STG board said it will elect Henrik Brandt as the new chairman at the annual meeting on March 31. Brandt presently serves as vice chairman. He joined the board in 2017.\nBrandt has held top positions at tobacco companies including House of Prince A/S, and served as chief executive officer of Denmark-based brewing and beverage company Royal Unibrew A/S from 2008 to 2017.\nSTG is the parent company of General Cigar Co. (makers of Macanudo, La Gloria Cubana, CAO and a host of other cigars) as well as retailer Cigars International", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "participation in an event", "article publication"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Latest deal lands STG Logistics a Port Everglades footprint. International Warehouse Services (IWS)\n.\nFlorida-based IWS provides warehousing, trucking and distribution services out of its 250,000-square-foot facility in Port Everglades. The companys full-time staff of 50 also offers brokerage and customs clearance.\nTerms of the transaction were not disclosed.\nThe IWS acquisition further expands our capabilities and presence in the strategically located and rapidly growing port of Port Everglades, where STG currently has no presence, Paul Svindland, CEO of Chicago-based STG, stated in a press release.\nSvindland\n, following the unwinding of now-defunct truckload carrier Celadon, where he held the same role.\nSTG was acquired by middle-market private equity firm\nWind Point Partners\nin 2016. STGs offering includes container freight, contract logistics and customized transportation services. Its ocean container freight services segment moves import/export freight from port to final destination through a network of 20 bonded company and 63 partner facilities.\nWith the help of Wind Point, STG has acquired 10 logistics companies in the past five years, including Dura Freight, Neutralogistics, Extra Express, Channel Distribution, Freight Force and Veeco.\nGrowth via acquisition remains a prominent component of our strategy for expanding STGs scale and scope, Konrad Salaber, managing director at Wind Point, said. IWS is an important addition to STGs platform as we continue to strengthen our position as the largest network of U.S. customs bonded warehouses in North America.\nManagement from IWS will help lead STGs South Florida operations following the closing.\nIm committed and looking forward to staying with the business that my wife and I founded 37 years ago and Im excited to partner with the STG team in the next stage of combined growth, said Fred Rogacki, IWS founder and president.\nWind Points transportation and logistics portfolio also includes Dicom Transportation, A&R Logistics and American Trailer Rental Group", "answer groups": [" m&a", "expanding geography", " executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Amazon completes deal to acquire MGM Studios. The deal\nmight not mean much change for MGM fans, at least for now. For instance, the company does not anticipate changes in planned release dates or projects that MGM already has in progress.\nThough MGMs award-winning library is expected to be used to boost the offerings on Amazon Prime Video, Amazon says it has no plans to make MGM content exclusive to its Prime Video customers. And while the company does intend to back future theatrical releases, it will do so on a case-by-case basis.\nMGM has a nearly century-long legacy of producing exceptional entertainment, and we share their commitment to delivering a broad slate of original films and television shows to a global audience, Mike Hopkins, senior vice president of Prime Video and Amazon Studios, said in a statement.We welcome MGM employees, creators, and talent to Prime Video and Amazon Studios, and we look forward to working together to create even more opportunities to deliver quality storytelling to our customers.\nIn addition to the Bond and Rocky franchises, MGMs libraryincludes Stargate, Survivor, The Voice, The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, The Handmaids Tale and more. Upcoming movies include Creed, Legally Blonde 3 and Samaritan.\nAdobe\nThe FTC Continues To Examine The Deal\nAlthough the deal closed after a regulatory deadline passed with no action from the FTC, the commission continues to investigatethe giant retailer regarding its industry dominance. If a majority of the five-member commission voted to do so, it could challenge the acquisition later.\nMeanwhile, European regulators have approved the deal. This is Amazons largest acquisition since it obtained Whole Foods for $13.7 billion in 2017. MGM will be overseen by Senior Vice President Mike Hopkins, and no layoffs are planned.\nThis story originally appeared on Don't Waste Your Money Checkout Don't Waste Your Moneyfor product reviews and other great ideas to save and make money.\nCopyright 2022 Scripps Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.\nThe Morning Headlines,\nsign up for a mix of what you need to know to start the day in Colorado, picked for you.\nnow signed up to receive the\nThe Morning Headlines", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "funding round", "expanding industry", "service & product providing"]}, {"question": "\nFollow us on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Exxon appoints former GM executive to lead its energy transition business. Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\nExxon Mobil Corp. on Tuesday appointed Dan Ammann, former president of automaker General Motors, to lead the oil companys energy transition business effective May 1.\nThe appointment signals a shift in Exxon to hire outsiders for senior roles after activist investors won three seats last year on the U.S. producers board. Exxon last year hired Kathryn Mikells from drinks maker Diageo Plc as its finance chief.\nAmmann replaces Joe Blommaert as chief of its Low Carbon Solutions unit, Exxon said on Tuesday. Blommaert will retire after 35 years at the oil producer. In December, Ammann abruptly left the Detroit automaker where he was chief executive of its self-driving car subsidiary Cruise.\nPrior to running Cruise, Ammann served as the Detroit companys president and chief financial officer, and was a Wall Street banker with Morgan Stanley before that. People familiar with the matter said he was dismissed after disagreeing with GM over when to take Cruise public.\nGM Chief Executive Mary Barra has downplayed the need for a quick Cruise public offering, and the carmaker has repeatedly stressed the importance of that business to its overall operations. Ammann could not immediately be reached for comment.\nHe joined GM as treasurer in 2010 and helped lead the companys initial public offering following its 2009 restructuring. At Exxon, he will lead its energy transition business, which oversees efforts to generate new revenue from carbon sequestration technologies and hydrogen production. Exxon put the unit on the same footing as its other operations as part of a restructuring disclosed in January.\nWe welcome Dan to ExxonMobil and will use his knowledge and experience to continue to build our Low Carbon Solutions business, Exxon Chief Executive Darren Woods said.\nExxon on Tuesday also said lead independent director Kenneth C. Frazier will retire on May 25 after 13 years on the companys board. He will be replaced by Joseph (Jay) L. Hooley, former chairman and CEO of State Street Corp. Hooley has been on Exxons board since 2020.\n(Reporting by Sabrina Valle and Ben Klayman; editing by Jonathan Oatis and Mark Porter)\nGet live Share Market updates and latest India News and business news on Financial Express. Download Financial Express App for latest business news", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "article publication", "ipo exit", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Align Technology promotes importance of digital dentistry for interdisciplinary Orthodontics at 16th Annual Conference of the Saudi Orthodontic Society. Dubai, United Arab Emirates: Align Technology, Inc. (Align) (Nasdaq: ALGN) a leading global medical device company that designs, manufactures, and sells the Invisalign system of clear aligners, iTero intraoral scanners, and exocad CAD/CAM software for digital orthodontics and restorative dentistry, has reinforced its commitment to dental professionals in the region with its presence at the 16th Annual Conference of the Saudi Orthodontic Society as a platinum sponsor of the event. Taking place at Crown Plaza Hotel in Riyadh, KSA from 24th - 27th February 2022, the annual conference is set to highlight the importance of Interdisciplinary Orthodontics, and will bring together more than 500 individuals from the orthodontic industry including doctors, lab practitioners, and industry partners. Over the course of the conference, a range of lectures, panel discussions and workshops will take place, focused on topics that promote interdisciplinary orthodontics, and interdisciplinary collaboration. In line with the regional vision to support digital transformation, the region has been on an upward trajectory for mass innovation, which was further catalysed during the past two years worldwide. The 16th SOS Annual Conference will serve as a much-needed platform for leveraging the digital technologies that will move us toward the future of dentistry, as well as foster more collaboration between the different specialties in the feild. The digitisation of the dental sector is upon us, and this entails the improvement of digital practices for doctors as well as the delivery of higher quality treatment for patients. said Angelo Maura, General Manager Middle East & Africa at Align Technology. Our work in the orthodontic field includes a lot of future planning for patients in which we propose the different outcomes that can be achieved through traditional treatment methods. This planning often requires collaboration with other dental specialities including a prosthodontist and a periodontist as well. Todays technologies and advancements of digital dentistry allow for this collaboration to take place, which increases the quality of patient treatment. Bringing expert dental practitioners together from across the region, the SOS 16th Annual Conference aims to highlight the importance of interdisciplinary and collaborative dentistry. This is the future of best practice, and will ensure dental practitioners across the region are working together to deliver more holistic treatment. Dr Mohamad Al Harbi, President of SOS. Align Technology will be hosting two key events during the conference, focused on driving interdisciplinary orthodontics through the use of digital technologies. One of these will be a lecture Dr. Waddah Sabouni, discussing Alternative Approaches to Orthognathic Surgery with Clear Aligners on 26th of February at from 9am-9.45am. Dr. Waddah Sabouni is an Orthodontist specialist, who is a member of the French Orthodontic Society, American Orthodontic Society, World Orthodontic Society, board member of the French Aligner Society and speaker for European Align Society. He is also international speaker for Align Technology, and winner of the Align Technology International Research Awards in 2015. The lecture will be covering the management of orthognathic surgery cases within the Invisalign system, explaining different approaches to the timing of the surgery within orthodontic treatment. Addtionally, Dr. Sabouni will be sharing his perspective on the differences, benefits and considerations between the alternative approaches. Another key event being hosted by Align Technology will be a four-hour long workshop, also by Dr. Waddah Sabouni, on Aligner Treatment: Possibilities and Considerations. Taking place 27th of February from 2pm-6pm, the workshop will explore the broad aspects of the applicability of clear aligners within the orthodontic practice, including the scope of malocclusions that can be treated with aligners, as well as different interdisciplinary treatments such as cases with periodontal considerations, pre-prosthetic or pre-restorative treatments. Ahead of the conference, Align Technology annoucened its most recent innovations in the region, including the technology-enhancing digital capabilities and convenience, designed to enhance Invisalign treatment planning quality, efficiency, and scale, and contribute to a better doctor-patient engagement and treatment outcomes. These latest updates include Align Technologys ClinCheck Live Update for 3D controls, enabling real-time ClinCheck treatment plan modifications that improve practice productivity, while also improving quality of treatment plans. Align Technology also announced its Invisalign Personalized Plan (IPP) - an innovation that automatically applies a doctors specific treatment preferences for comprehensive cases, enhancing efficiency and step-changing treatment planning consistency for optimal doctor and patience experience. The Invisalign Practice App has also seen a significant upgrade, now providing mobile integration with the Invisalign Doctor Site (IDS), enabling doctors to manage their practice at their fingertips. For more information about the 16th Annual Conference of the Saudi Orthodontic Society, visit: https://sos.sa/annual-conference/27 For more information about Align Technology, visit: https://www.aligntech.com/ Send us your press releases to pressrelease.zawya@refinitiv.com Press Release 2022 Disclaimer: The contents of this press release was provided from an external third party provider. This website is not responsible for, and does not control, such external content. 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To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, this website, its parent company, its subsidiaries, its affiliates and the respective shareholders, directors, officers, employees, agents, advertisers, content providers and licensors will not be liable (jointly or severally) to you for any direct, indirect, consequential, special, incidental, punitive or exemplary damages, including without limitation, lost profits, lost savings and lost revenues, whether in negligence, tort, contract or any other theory of liability, even if the parties have been advised of the possibility or could have foreseen any such damages", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", " product updates", "event organization"], "distractor groups": ["other", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nLittle Paddington Preschool Bartley, 7 Playfair Road, Singapore 367984 (Near Tai Seng MRT), Tel: (+65) 9770 8412,\n[emailprotected] What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "NEW Little Paddington Preschool Bartley (Save $1,600 in school fees!). Schools\nLittle Paddington Preschool has just opened at Bartley! The new campus has a Role Play Room, Immersive Digital Room and LEGO Wall for plenty of child-led experiential learning\nWeve always loved Little Paddington Preschoolfor their holistic curriculum it focuses on encouraging curiosity, exploration, creativity and learning by doing, while striking a balance with childrens wellbeing, instilling core values, social and emotional development. Not to mention they also offer great depth of learning across diverse academic areas! Thats just one of the reasons why theyre Singapores leading preschool, coupled with the fact that they have some of the best school campuses around.\nLittle Paddington Preschools newest\nBartley campus\nis a beautiful sanctuary designed by educational specialists. Its innovative environment comprises a seamless blend of extensive outdoor ateliers (from a pirate ship playground, to a water park and rooftop garden) and purposefully built indoor facilities that engage children in meaningful learning experiences. Keep reading to find out more about their fab facilities and how you can get an exclusive $1,600 off school fees!\nKids dressing up in the Role Play Room at Little Paddington Preschool\nNew Little Paddington Preschool Bartley campus\nLittle Paddington Preschools purposefully built campuses provide children with an incredible variety of opportunities to develop a sense of curiosity and wonderment. On top of the must-have, staple facilities, Little Paddington Preschool Bartley also has new and exciting facilities for children to discover and engage with.\nRole Play Room\nRole-playing is more than just dressing up in costumes and acting as different characters. Unlike other activities that need direction, children perform imaginative play naturally. Little Paddington Preschool Bartleys Role Play Room is made for children to express themselves using their imagination, which aids in the development of social, emotional, creative, physical, lingual, and problem-solving skills. With a Hospital, Police Station, Fire Station, Supermarket and Caf (just to mention a few!) the possibilities here are endless. It inspires children to build entire cities, pretend to be in different professions, play out various scenarios and learn to make connections with what they see in real life.\nDigital Room\nThe Digital Room showcases some immersive installations, designed for hands-on exploration and play (reminiscent of the interactive Future World installations at the ArtScience Museum). Imagine the kids playing a giant piano with their feet, then jumping on numbers to solve a mathematical puzzle! Theyll even get to see their own creations and artwork come to life on screen, thanks to the clever software that scans illustrations and animates them with interactive backdrops. The Digital Room helps to create a stimulating environment to bring learning to life.\nStudents in the Specialist Music Atelier playing musical instruments\nOther stunning features of Little Paddington Preschool Bartley include:\nOutdoor spaces including a pirate ship playground, water play, rooftop garden, sand play and cycling area\nSpecialist Music & United Nations Ateliers where children go on a journey of fun project-based learning, discoveries, and explorations\nLEGO Wall\nwhere kids can develop their fine motor skills\nSTEM program to help little inventors and innovators practice robotics and coding\nA beautiful and soulful Reading tree corner for children to unwind and read\n\nYoure Invited! Open Week at Little Paddington Preschool Bartley\nMake sure you register for the upcoming Open Week at Little Paddington Preschool Bartley! At the Open Week, youll be able to roam around the beautiful campus, speak to the schools nurturing teachers and see interactive digital displays that will surely delight the kids.\nSign up here!\nDates: 16 20 February 2021, 9:30am 12:30pm\nSave $1,600 when you enrol your child at Little Paddington Preschool Bartley before 31 March 2021. Exclusive for Sassy Mama readers", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " article publication", " new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "partnerships & alliances", "event organization"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Health and Safety Helpdesk Administrator. Apply for this job now\nJob Description\nTEMPORARY - Full Time (37.5 hours) or Part Time (Minimum of 25 hours) for between 6 to 9 months. Opportunity for other positions after temporary period.\nCreative Support is a national, fast growing, organisation with charitable status providing care and support to people across England with a wide range of needs. We are also a Registered Social Landlord managing around 1,000 units of supported housing. Creative Support is regulated by the CQC and Regulator of Social Housing and must demonstrate high standards of health and safety compliance. As a large employer of over 5,000 staff nationally we promote safety awareness and good practice, with a commitment to keeping our staff and service users as safe as possible.\nWe are currently recruiting a Health & Safety Helpdesk Administrator, based at our head office in Stockport\nto cover a period of maternity leave. This post will start in April 2022.\nThis is a busy and responsible job which will offer job satisfaction to someone with a conscientious and diligent approach. You will run the Health & Safety Helpdesk, acting as a first point of contact. You will read and review all accident and incident reports, escalating concerns as required. You will be responsible for preparing a wide range of reports and statistics to meet management and governance requirements. You will also produce safety related information bulletins and campaigns.\nWorking within the Health and Safety Team you will play a key role in ensuring a positive health and safety culture across our services. You will support the Health & Safety Team with general administration, data collection and inputting, safety compliance and reporting functions. You will be required to handle information of a confidential nature and must observe the highest standards of diligence and professionalism\nAs our Health & Safety Helpdesk Administrator you will make a real difference to the health and safety of service users and staff across our company. You will be expected to identify and follow up concerns in a proactive and professional manner. A basic interest in health and safety and the provision of social care and social housing is essential. Further health and safety training will be provided to the successful candidate.\nHealth & Safety Helpdesk Administrator day to day duties:\nRunning the Health & Safety Helpdesk and responding to enquiries\nManaging the Health & Safety email In-box\nResponding to queries and safety concerns from staff across the country\nReading and reviewing accident and incident reports Inputting safety data into databases and spreadsheets\nContributing to property safety compliance as required Working with the team collating audit reports and following up action plans\nCompiling data and producing reports\nAnswering the phone, taking accurate messages and informing the team and senior managers of any important communications or events\nProducing information bulletins, safety campaigns and newsletters Assisting colleagues with administrative tasks and follow up\nBenefits of working with Creative Support:\nFlexible working arrangements\nHigh level of training and development through our\nCreative Academy Pension with company contribution\nFree life assurance 20 days paid annual leave plus bank holidays, plus an additional day off for your birthday after 2 years of service\nMileage allowance/travel expenses\nFriendly, supportive work environment\nCareer development opportunities\nA flexible and helpful approach, good customer care and excellent telephone skills are essential as you will often be the first point of contact for our staff. You will need to have relevant administrative experience. You will also need good written communication and IT skills including the ability to accurately record accidents, incidents and other data on databases and spreadsheets. Attention to detail and the ability to critically read documents and accurately identify facts and issues is essential. You will need to be assertive and confident as you will be escalating concerns to colleagues and senior managers. Degree level education and experience of working in a health and safety related environment is desirable.\nThis job could be full time (37.5 hours) or part-time subject to a minimum of 25 hours and could be worked during school hours. Our offices are readily accessible on public transport as we are based in in the centre of Stockport close to the mainline train station and with frequent buses into Manchester.\nCreative Support is a passionate, inclusive, and anti-racist organisation. We are a Stonewall Diversity Champion, Disability Confident Employer who have recently received Investors in People Silver award. We actively encourage applications from candidates from all backgrounds and cultures.\nWe would encourage you to apply to us even if you have not yet had your COVID 19 vaccine. You will be required to have your first COVID 19 vaccine prior to your interview and your second vaccine before you start work with us. This time will be used to complete post interview recruitment checks", "answer groups": ["company description", " hiring"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "regulatory approval", "investment in public company", "funding round"]}, {"question": "\nSign up to our free newsletters by What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "London company complete successful flight test of vehicle they say will replace cars. 1642023428\nLondon company complete successful flight test of vehicle they say will replace cars\nA London company have today revealed a successful flight test of a vehicle they say will replace cars.\nBellwether Industries Volar eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing) is a flying hypercar for private owners.\nThey say it is the worlds first without a large wingspan or exposed blades, making it ideal for urban use.\nThe futuristic half-scale version flew at an altitude of 13 feet (4 metres) with a speed of 40 kilometres per hour (25 miles per hour).\nThe team say the Dubai test flight demonstrated stability and controllability of the prototype", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "foundation", "support & philanthropy", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "World Mental Health Day: The importance of nurturing positive psychological health. Why smart quality professionals deny serious risks in a post-pandemic world\nWorld Mental Health Day\nSafety & Health Practitioner\nIn aid of World Mental Health Day on Sunday 10 October, SHP caught up with Karl Simons OBE, Executive Director for Health, Safety and Wellbeing at FYLD.\nFostering a positive mental health environment for workers across all industries is at the forefront of health, safety and welfare strategies. Mental health affects the quality of life of workers as well as the morale and productivity of workplaces whether that be in an office or out in the field. As such, tools that help identify sources of stress and improve work processes particularly for distributed workforces such as those out in the field can make a significant difference to employees and employers.\nWhat do you think the main factors are when developing a positive mental health environment for field teams?\nKarl Simons (KS): Research shows that one in four people in the UK will experience a mental health problem at some point during their life, with around 14% of people experiencing mental health problems in the workplace.\nFor field workers, they are under pressure from many angles in hazardous environments that can affect their mental health as employees. For example, frustrations arising from the burden of paperwork and compliance requirements can place an excessive administrative load on field teams. Instead of being enablers for work safety, workers often feel that these systems exist to protect their employer from liability and they consequently feel unprotected at work.\nThere are also unexpected hazards that field teams frequently face. They must perform risk assessments and put adequate control measures in place, but they may feel they lack the knowledge or experience to make significant decisions about risk. This uncertainty leads to anxiety and stress and is detrimental to their mental health.\nIts not just field workers that are affected by potential mental health issues, is it?\n(KS): No, contributors to mental health problems are not just limited to field workers. Supervisors also face challenges that cause stress or anxiety. During for example, the movement of personnel has been more limited than usual. Disruption to normal services, caused by factors such as resource depletion, have left supervisors having to adapt to new challenges. They have been unable to get to sites in-person as often as they would like, leading to a sense of disconnect with their field worker teams.\nIn normal circumstances, supervisors would typically oversee between four-six gangs and site visits were common. However, the demands of increased paperwork and lack of oversight to prioritise sites with the highest risk can prevent supervisors being as mobile and visible as they, and their management, would like. This uncertainty and added frustration contributes to the stress of the supervisory role and keeps supervisors in a reactive mode, often overwhelmed.\nWhat solutions are available to combat these challenges?\n(KS): AI solutions are revolutionising the way teams operate in the field. FYLD is an artificial intelligence platform that enables safer, more productive, field force operations. It includes a risk assessment module that has an immediate psychological effect on workers that, in turn, immediately and positively impacts their behaviour on site.\nWith FYLD, the risk assessment is transformed from being a frustrating and routine task. Workers are no longer just sitting in huts or vans, repetitively completing generic tick box questions or cutting and pasting into forms. Instead, they work with a live and interactive system that visualises risks to make their work safer. FYLD requires teams to be out on site looking at and describing the hazards in front of them in real-time.\nTeams take a video of their job site while talking through the hazards they see. The FYLD solution, uses natural language processing and machine learning to codify hazards from the verbal messages and images received, and then provides control measures to the field team that are pre-agreed with the organisations safety team. Team leaders can therefore be confident that a dynamic and robust assessment of the site is in place and will be complied with. They can have this confidence 100% of the time regardless of whether they can get to site.\nWhat are the key advantages of using AI technology over traditional methods for improving workers mental health?\n(KS): FYLD enables companies with large field force operations to deliver safer, more productive operations. A significant advantage of FYLD over paper-based systems and tick box questions on electronic forms of tablets is cloud connectivity. Managers and safety professionals can see the risk assessments in real-time and make proactive contributions to assessing hazards and control measures. This interaction brings a level of expertise to the field that is not available presently in companies normal risk assessment or operating systems. It transforms the risk assessment from a routine task that frustrates workers to a live visualisation of risks that makes their work safer. It also allows supervisors to visualise the work site, helping bridge the communication gap to the field and overcome the sense of isolation that comes from working at home.\nAn open API with the ability to connect and integrate with other company systems is available. This means that external information can be combined with FYLD data. This can include simple but powerful information that meets the essential needs of workers while in the field and ease worker anxiety, for example, the location of the nearest open public toilet or hospital. Alerts for changing weather patterns that will impact site safety can be delivered to field workers, too. FYLD can also make the job site location available to emergency responders in the case of an incident. With job locations often in remote, hard to find areas, this can dramatically improve the ability to secure treatment for an injured work mate. All these features contribute to the well-being of workers both psychologically and physically.\nWhat is the impact of using an AI powered solution for risk assessments in the field?\n(KS): There are many tangible benefits of adopting an AI solution. For example, access to risk assessments and workflows at the touch of a button on a smart-phone or tablet enables supervisors to be far more proactive in removing job blockers and, therefore, field worker frustrations. FYLD works to support field workers and relieve their frustrations. For this reason, it is being adopted easily by field workers. FYLD is removing sources of negative mental health at the frontline.\nAt FYLD we frequently hear stories about how our solution has positively affected the health and wellbeing of field workers. One recent example occurred when a supervisor picked up a change in tone of voice from a field worker while he was undertaking a real time review of a site risk assessment", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "expanding industry", "executive appointment", "funding round"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Articles What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Milliken & Company Announce Acquisition of Zebra-chem. No Comments\nMilliken & Company (Milliken), a global diversified manufacturer with more than a century and a half of materials science expertise, has formally acquired Zebra-chem GmbH (Zebra-chem), a global chemicals company known for its peroxide and blowing agent masterbatches. With more brands and governments globally setting goals to increase their use of recycled materials, plastics manufacturers are faced with the challenges of using recycled plastics effectively. Peroxide masterbatches, like those from Zebra-chem and Milliken, make it possible to incorporate up to 100% recycled content into these new plastics.\nMillikens long-term focus on innovation and sustainability encourages us to consider how we contribute to some of todays leading challenges, like how to effectively incorporate recycled plastics in manufacturing, says Halsey Cook, Milliken & Company president and CEO. Im excited to welcome the exceptional talent within Zebra-chem as they join the passionate team at Milliken to move the needle on sustainable innovation.\nHeadquartered in Bad Bentheim, Germany, Zebra-chem carries a respected portfolio of chemical blowing agent and peroxide masterbatches for application in most thermoplastics and engineering plastics.\nZebra-chems leading position in Europe allows Milliken to leverage its congruent innovation platforms, global presence and commercial expertise to accelerate market solutions that improve and increase manufacturing with recycled plastics, says Wim Van de Velde, vice president, Europe, Middle East and Africa, for Millikens Chemical Division. Our combined skillsets will facilitate faster and more customized solutions that achieve our customers sustainability goals.\nCombining the strengths of Milliken and Zebra-chem opens up new potential to expand solutions that accelerate and improve plastic recycling. Customers will benefit from enhanced research and development capabilities, shared knowledge and a broadened product portfolio from trusted, leading manufacturers.\nAs Zebra-chem integrates into Milliken, daily operations will continue without interruption, including relationships with existing suppliers and customers.\nJones Day represented Milliken in the transaction, and BDO acted as Millikens financial advisor", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "m&a", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "expanding industry", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nBy\nA key to making employees want to stay\nBy What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "New Aegis Living community pilots wellness program, incorporates nature into design. Share by Email\nPrint\nAegis Livings newest assisted living and memory care community opens today in Bellevue, WA, with a design that incorporates components of nature and with the pilot-testing of a wellness program for eventual rollout to the companys 32 other communities.\nCalling Aegis Living Bellevue Overlake an oasis in the city, Aegis Living founder, CEO and Chairman Dwayne Clark said the communitys opening comes as the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated just how important home is.\nThe community 122 units in a 106,000-square-foot building in the companys headquarters city is the first property that Aegis Living has designed to fully focus on biophilia and peoples innate connection to nature.\nIts a topic about which Clark is passionate.\nWe dont do enough in senior housing to get people connected back to nature. We put people in rooms, and they play bingo and they go to birthday parties, but theyre in the confines of an artificial environment, he told McKnights Senior Living last year as planning for the community was underway. What were trying to do is think, What can we do to get people back in nature? What can we do to get people connected to the Earth? What can we do to improve peoples immune systems? We think thats a real big idea.\n| See: Aegis Living sees personalized medicine as the future, CEO says |\nNature-oriented features of Bellevue Overlake include a glass solarium with natural wood, six-foot palm trees, and a waterfall and koi pond in the buildings lobby. Throughout the community, biophilic design elements include flooring, furnishings and fixtures.\nThis wall is adorned with living plants.\nClark said last year that hospitals have found that biophilia improves peoples immune systems. They originally discovered this by putting people, post-op, in rooms that overlook brick walls and other people in rooms that overlook gardens, he said. And they found that the people whose rooms overlooked the gardens were healing twice as fast as the people whose rooms overlooked the brick wall.\nOther features of Bellevue Overlake include indoor and outdoor gathering spaces, a living room, a juice bar, two lounges, a movie theater and activity center, a dining room with a private dining room option, and a salon and barber shop. A top floor lounge offers views of the city and Mount Rainier.\nWellness program tested\nThe senior living community also is pilot-testing a new wellness program designed to take a proactive approach to physical, emotional and mental wellness, including sleep, nutrition, movement, cognitive wellness and mindfulness.\nAegis Living plans to use the experience to help mold what will one day be a company-wide wellness program. A second pilot project is being planned for the companys Kirkland Waterfront community set to open this summer.\nI spend one to two hours a day studying it, Clark said last year about the companys plans to make personalized medicine a cornerstone of future offerings.\nI spent the last five and a half years doing research and study and going to meetings and conferences, and even putting myself in my own kind of personalized health experiments, to create a book that came out this fall called 30 Summers More: Adding Time Back to Your Aging Clock. It has become a bestseller on Amazon, he said at the time. And what I discovered during this journey was, there are so many things that we can do to improve the lives of our residents.\nBellevue Overlake residents will have access to personalized wellness programming based on their health priorities. Another feature of the community is a wellness corridor with space for massages, a balance studio, and a saltwater pool under a canopy of greenery.\nIf you think about it, no one grows up saying, Man, I cant wait to go into assisted living. Its my dream in life. Right?, Clark said in 2020. But if you invent a company or a concept that says, Hey, not only do I think Im going to improve the quality of your life as you age, but I think I can extend your life expectancy through some very well-thought-out methodologies and science and so on, thats significant. Thats really significant. Were not at that point yet, but I think we have that capability.\nRelated Articles\nThink you're protected by an arbitration agreement? You may be mistaken\nNews\nBill broadening scope of assisted living supported by industry advocates\nNews\nMore than 201,000 in long-term care have died from COVID, but just how many more?\nBy\nIs this the best they can do", "answer groups": ["company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "foundation", "new initiatives & programs", "support & philanthropy"]}, {"question": "\nSource: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "BioSkryb Discusses First Data Demonstrating Improved Accuracy of Whole Genome Amplification Technology for Single Cell Analyses. Pharmaceutical Technology's In the Lab eNewsletter 01-06-2021,\nVolume 16,\nIssue 1\nA novel PTA technology captures more than 95% of the genomes of single cells, providing more uniform, accurate, and reproducible single-cell analysis data.\nOn Dec. 1, 2020, BioSkryb, a developer of genomic amplification technologies, reported the release of foundational data demonstrating that primary template-directed amplification (PTA) has a superior ability to accurately and uniformly amplify the genomes of single cells. The data was released on bioRxiv, the preprint server, prior to publication.\nWhole genome amplification (WGA) is required for low-input DNA and single-cell analysis, and single-cell approaches are critical for tackling difficult biological questions involving genomic heterogeneity. Current WGA technologies and methods for single-cell or low-input DNA analysis, however, only cover a fraction of the genome, have a limited capacity to detect genetic variation in each cell, and suffer from significant biases, experimental artifacts, and poor reproducibility. The new data show that PTA can overcome these limitations as well as provide high-quality, scalable analysis of single-cell genomic heterogeneity. Having access to this analysis can enable new insights into human disease at the cellular level and empower high-resolution diagnostics for cancer, gene-editing, and other applications, BioSkryb stated in a company press release.\nFurthermore, the PTA technology accurately calls genomic variants within tissues, one cell at a time, and reproducibly captures more than 95% of the genomes of those cells in a more controlled and accurate manner than existing approaches. According to the data released, PTA can be reliably used to call copy number variation in primary cancer cells and genome-wide variant detection in gene-edited cells. The technology can enable the feasibility of performing single-cell evaluations of biopsies from cancer and gene-edited tissues.\nThe PTA technology has been made a part of BioSkrybs ResolveDNA kits, which contain all the enzymes and reagents needed for whole genome amplification from single cells or ultra-low DNA inputs. The kits employ a unique set of nucleotides to prevent recopying of the amplification products, which results in less errors and higher, more uniform coverage of the genome. The PTA technology also enables the attachment of cell barcodes to the resultant products for pooling and downstream analysis.\nWe developed PTA to accurately and efficiently decipher genetic diversity at the cellular level so that we can better detect, understand, and treat disease, said Charles Gawad, MD, PhD, inventor of the PTA technology, cofounder of BioSkryb, and associate professor at Stanford University, in the press release. These data show that PTA amplifies the genomes of single cells with high coverage breadth and uniformity in a reproducible manner to significantly improve variant calling of all types. The ability of PTA to enable highly accurate genetic information at single-cell resolution could uncover new drug targets for cancer and neurological diseases as well as identify CRISPR off-target activity to monitor the safety and fidelity of gene editing.\nChuck and I cofounded BioSkryb to ensure researchers had access to the most advanced DNA analysis technologies, so its especially exciting to see the superior performance of PTA over current methods and to be able to make it commercially available through our ResolveDNA kits, said Jay West, PhD, CEO, and cofounder of BioSkryb, in the press release. Existing whole genome amplification methods uncover a fraction of the genomic information, but now with ResolveDNA, researchers can explore new places in the genome and be confident in the quality of the sequencing data at those sites", "answer groups": ["article publication", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["investment in public company", "new initiatives & programs", "alliance & partnership", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": "\nRecent News & Articles What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Robert Sammis and JGL discuss succession and exit planning for local entrepreneurs. Robert Sammis and JGL discuss succession and exit planning for local entrepreneurs\nin Business Law\nOn Tuesday July 17\nth\n, Prince Georges County Economic Development Corporations Innovation Station hosted an informative event for businesses going through transition. Called Planning Your Exit Strategy, this free event featured special guest speaker Robert Sammis, President and CEO of Business Transition Advisors. JGL was pleased to attend the event and work with Robert Sammis to assist business owners understand succession and exit strategy planning. Roberts seminar addressed the necessity of planning succession early in the business process as well as share best practices and valuable tips that will help attendants when its time to retire or step down from their company.\nThe seminar occurred as part of a series of events proposed by the Prince Georges County Economic Development Corporation (EDC). As part of its commitment to serving the greater community, JGL works hand-in-hand with groups like the EDC and individual community members like Robert Sammis to provide high-quality legal counsel", "answer groups": [" participation in an event", "event organization"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "executive appointment", "foundation", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": " to expand minimally invasive diagnostics to patients in North America with the EarlyCDT Lung test for lung nodule management, adding a 4th blood-based test to the portfolio\nExpanded reach of Nodify XL2 testing for lung nodule management\nPartnership with Thermo Fisher Scientific to devel What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Biodesix Named Company of the Year by Colorado BioScience Association. has been named Company of the Year by the Colorado BioScience Association (CBSA). The company was honored at the 16\nth\nAnnual CBSA Awards Dinner on November 7, 2019. The CBSA serves as the hub for Colorados life science industry with member organizations spanning biotechnology, pharmaceutical, medical device, diagnostic, ag bio, mobile digital health, research, academic, and service providers. Biodesix was selected as Company of the Year in recognition of the significant milestones the company reached in advancing patient access to novel diagnostic testing in the clinic, and in ongoing development of new tests that address areas of high unmet clinical needs across the continuum of care in lung cancer. Lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer death among men and women. In 2018, approximately 234,000 patients were diagnosed and 154,000 died due to lung cancer, which represents over 25 percent of all cancer deaths in the United States.\nCBSAs Annual Awards Dinner highlighted how health innovations from Colorado make a global impact. We are proud to honor Biodesix for its innovation and bringing top minds together to strengthen the future of healthcare. As the first company to provide four best-in-class diagnostic tests for patients in lung cancer, Biodesix has demonstrated its commitment to helping physicians and their patients navigate lung cancer therapy decisions. The timing of this award is an additional honor, as it is lung cancer awareness month, said Jennifer Jones Paton, President and CEO of CBSA. CBSA is proud to honor Biodesix for its breakthroughs for patients, leadership in Colorados life sciences community and track record of success.\nKey milestones for Biodesix in 2019:\nAcquisition of Oncimmune in the U.S", "answer groups": [" company description", " event organization", " executive statement", "participation in an event"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nSign up\nMost read stories What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Renton investor purchases Vivacity Care building. SMS\nA Renton, Washington-based investor has purchased a building occupied by Vivacity Care Center in Spokane Valley.\nSpokane Valley Clinic LLC, whose principal is Soyam Vahora, CEO of Renton-based Aamir Stations, bought the building for $7.7 million earlier this month from Spokane investor John Pariseau, according to Spokane County Assessors Office records.\nPremera Blue Cross and Vera Whole Health opened the 12,000-square-foot Vivacity Care Center, at 16009 E. Indiana Ave., last year, marking the third location in the Spokane area.\nThe center is part of Premeras plan to expand advanced primary care services in Spokane. Premera and Vera Whole Health opened the first Vivacity Care Center at 9001 N. Country Homes Blvd. in January 2020.\nClayton J. Brown, Christopher Edwards and Ruthanne Romero, investment specialists in commercial real estate brokerage Marcus & Millichaps Seattle office, represented the seller.\nVahora was not immediately available for comment on the purchase.\nPremera Blue Cross holds a long-term lease for the Vivacity Care Center in the building, according to a Marcus & Millichap company release.\nPremera Blue Cross did not respond to a request for comment on its lease agreement with Vahora.\nMountlake Terrace-based Premera Blue Cross is a nonprofit independent licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. It provides health benefits and services to more than 2 million people.\nComcast boosts download speeds in Spokane\nComcast is boosting internet download speeds for Spokane County customers who subscribe to the companys Xfinity Performance Starter + and Gigabit Internet packages.\nBeginning Thursday, Comcast Xfinity Performance Starter + customers will receive an internet speed boost from 25 megabits per second to 50 megabits per second. Customers upload speed will increase from 3 to 5 megabits per second.\nComcast is also increasing broadband speed from 1 gigabit per second to 1.2 gigabits per second for Gigabit Internet customers. The upload speed will remain at 35Mbps for Gigabit Internet subscribers.\nThe upgrades will be made at no additional cost, according to the company.\nThe companys broadband service upgrades are part of a national rollout that began this year.\nTing Internet expands service into North Idaho\nTing Internet, a subsidiary of Canada-based telecommunications company Tucows Inc., is expanding fiber internet service to Dover and Kootenai in North Idaho.\nInfrastructure work is underway in both cities with fiber internet access slated to launch later this year, according to the company.\nWe are grateful to be a part of the greater Sandpoint community and to bring new opportunities to local residents and businesses through fiber internet, Kari Saccomanno, Ting manager for the greater Sandpoint area, said in a statement. Theres been a strong response from customers in Sandpoint, and were thrilled to announce today that were expanding our service to reach more residents in our broader community.\nTings resident-internet service is offered in three packages: $39 per month for 50 Mbps; $69 per month for 200 Mbps; and $89 per month for gigabit fiber internet with 1,000 Mbps.\nTing also offers customizable internet plans for businesses, starting at $139 per month.\nFrom staff reports\nThe Spokesman-Review Newspaper\nLocal journalism is essential.\nGive directly to The Spokesman-Review's Northwest Passages community forums series -- which helps to offset the costs of several reporter and editor positions at the newspaper -- by using the easy options below. Gifts processed in this system are not tax deductible, but are predominately used to help meet the local financial requirements needed to receive national matching-grant funds.\nSubscribe to the Coronavirus newsletter\nGet the days latest Coronavirus news delivered to your inbox by subscribing to our newsletter", "answer groups": [" company description", "expanding geography", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["funding round", "executive appointment", "closing"]}, {"question": "\nBy Katherine Durrell\nThis feature is provided by\nFoodIngredientsFirst What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "108Labs embraces IP incubation model to fund scalable cell-cultured dairy. 108Labs embraces IP incubation model to fund scalable cell-cultured dairy\n108Labs embraces IP incubation model to fund scalable cell-cultured dairy\n22 Mar 2022 --- 108Labs has unveiled its M2 smart bioreactor milk production platform, bringing the US-based company closer to cell-cultured breast milk and bovine dairy ingredients. In addition, licensing the technology will help bring in extra funding, CEO Shayne Giuliano tells NutritionInsight.\nWe know we cant build the 170,000 factories needed to replace cows ourselves, so we are building an intellectual property (IP) incubation and B2B business model that can accelerate the field by creating turnkey solutions. Food, dairy and pharmaceutical companies around the world can then leverage these to build their own Pure M2 factories, he states.\nBy minimizing the barrier to entry for the production of Pure Milks made with M2 and showing what is possible with product development and existing collaborators, 108Labs believes it can convince corporates to invest internally in M2 and Pure.\nWe can then attract all the capital investments worldwide needed to [improve babies well-being] as soon as possible with Pure Human Milk, and replace cow farming for the majority of the worlds supply of bovine milk by 2040.\nPure Milk is any cell-cultured milk made with Pure Mammary Factors cell medium and growth factors.\nSolving all the problems?\nWithin 108Labs, there are numerous entities including Pure Mammary Factors, which aims to reduce the barrier of entry for Pure dairy product research and product commercialization.\nM2 combined with Pure Mammary Factors may solve all the problems with cell-cultured milks, from the first safe to consume cell-cultured milk to scalability to affordability to global accessibility, he states. \nDeveloping M2 combined with Pure Mammary Factors, in particular, is where we think we can have the biggest impact on convincing companies around the world to invest in cell-cultured milk research now.\nThis is to get on the path to commercial phase dairy food replacement, humanized infant formula and prescription drugs as soon as possible.\nThe only way\n108Labs believes technology like M2 is the only path to commercializing cell-cultured milks.\nIt is almost impossible to produce food-grade milk with manual methods because non-food-grade buffers are needed to remove milk bioreactors from incubators by hand to manipulate them.\nTherefore, M2 is billed as a turnkey wetware, software and hardware milk-making stack driven by AI to reduce the cost and accelerate the scaling of cell-cultured milk production worldwide.\nGiuliano estimates that completion of the first stack could take around 18 to 24 months from now.\nBecause of the nature of software-driven solutions, once we have completed our first stack which I actually think of as an artificial cow our second artificial cow can be built in an hour, he notes.\nGiuliano stands in front of redacted M2 architectural design, which reflects plans for cell-cultured cheese.\nTaking advantage of bioactivity\nGiuliano highlights that M2 is a species-agnostic platform that is engineered to produce replacement milks not alternative milks.\nThe same molecules as those found in raw human breast milk or raw bovine milk. Except that M2 produces safe to consume raw milks, which are suitable for therapeutic and food product research and development without pasteurization.\nHe continues that applications are the same as all current milk applications if not more.\nHumanized infant formula, prescription drugs, cheese, butter, French toast anything you can make with milk today, except with Pure Milks, we get to take advantage of the full bioactivity of these molecules in a way no one ever has who doesn't drink raw milk.\nGuiding investment\nGiuliano says the self-funded research incubation model at 108Labs is moving toward licensing and consulting as it transitions to commercial focuses.\nWe have yet to accept investment at 108Labs, but we have accepted investment in 108Labs-affiliated entities. We expect to attract more investment into product development once we complete the transition from research into commercial phases of cell-cultured milk development over the next three to seven years, he states.\n108Labs is also planning to license its emerging fields of cell-cultured milks and antibodies with partners around the world.\nWe dont talk publicly about our partners because these fields are so competitive, and we want to work with everyone possible to impact the world the most, says Giuliano.\nThe company does give exclusivity in some cases, at least geographically, but long-term, it wants to support as many partners as possible.\nElectron microscopy image of secretory milk IgA immunoglobulins.\nEmbracing the full-stack approach\nExpanding on the meaning of a stack, Giuliano explains full-stack usually includes client software and server software serving some purpose.\nIn the case of M2, the client is a smart bioreactor that includes hardware and sensors and pumps connected to our AI and server stack, which includes both distributed and centralized computing.\nAltogether, this allows 108 Labs to control the operations of milk bioreactors around the world with artificial intelligence from its headquarters in Hillsborough, North Carolina.\nDue to the laborious nature of cell-cultured milk production which is actually a tissue engineering rather than suspension cell-culture biotechnology we believe that only through automated, AI-controlled solutions and smart stacks that take into account all the hardware, wetware and software requirements can cell-cultured milks become commercially successful, Giuliano emphasizes.\nThe road ahead\n108Labs has numerous worlds first goals for the next two years, including launching a turnkey smart bioreactor platform capable of producing any species of cell-cultured milk, FDA-approved cell-cultured milk, affordable food-grade medium and growth factors and a replacement cell-cultured cheese.\nWere also targeting the first human milk prescription drug to enter trials and the first infant formula using fully human molecules, says Giuliano.\nAll these goals come from a simple focus on mastering mammary cells. Everything we do right now moves us close to all these goals. We can only achieve all these goals at once by building collaborations with companies that can invest and develop these products with our help, Giuliano emphasizes", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "company description", "hiring", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nInvest Smarter with The Motley Fool\nJoin Over 1 Million Premium Members Receiving\nNew Stock Picks Each Month\nDetailed Analysis of Companies\nLive Streaming During Market Hours\nAnd Much More What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "1 Top Pot Stock Ready for a Bull Run. Current Price\n$3.15\nYoure reading a free article with opinions that may differ from The Motley Fools Premium Investing Services. Become a Motley Fool member today to get instant access to our top analyst recommendations, in-depth research, investing resources, and more.\nLearn More\nFederal decriminalization hasn't happened yet, but that isn't holding back revenue growth, and investors might soon take notice\nCannabis companies are experiencing record revenue growth, but the stock prices for these companies aren't following in the same path. There's a dark force keeping share prices down, and it's not The Batman.\nBut one of these companies appears ready to lead the turnaround for investors while offering a strongly discounted share price after losing 64% of its value since its 52-week high.\nImage source: Getty Images.\nGlobal turmoil is leading investors away from cannabis\nWhere there's smoke, there's fire. And there's been a lot of smoke around cannabis investmentsfor the past year. But Columbia Care\n(\n7.15%\n)\nstands out as one company that is ready to make a bull run once the smoke clears and the market stabilizes. Many of the fires being faced are not related directly to the cannabis market. The Biden administration promoted the decriminalization of cannabis but is spending its time, understandably, dealing with military conflicts, inflation, and supply chain constraints.\nThose are all legitimate reasons to put cannabis decriminalization on the back burner. Unfortunately, investors are taking note, which is leading them away from cannabis as an investment, and more toward less risky and, in some cases, higher-dividend-paying companies.\nCannabis sales continue to grow year over year\nMeanwhile, the cannabis market continues to flourish on a state-by-state basis. For example, Columbia Care is a multi-state operator (MSO) with growing operations spread across the U.S. and saw annual revenue increase 172% on a year-over-year basis as of March, helped along by a sequential quarterly growth rate of 29%. The annual growth rate is higher than 29 of 30 cannabis companies with quarterly revenue greater than $25 million, according to tracking data from New Cannabis Ventures. And its 29% quarterly growth is tops among all 30 of those companies. It doesn't get much better than that.\nDuring the past year, Columbia Care has been extremely busy expanding its footprint, including opening its 80th dispensary in the U.S., entering the medical market in Missouri, rebranding its dispensaries across Florida, becoming the first cannabis operator to offer whole flower in New York, and becoming and the first company to manufacture cannabis extract vaporizer pens in the U.K.\nColumbia Care ended the third quarter with a year-over-year quarterly gross profit increase of 205%, to $64 million, and enjoyed a gross margin of 49%, crushing the 26% and 27% gross margins of competitors Tilray, and Grow Generation, and in line with top revenue generating MSO Curaleaf Holdings.\nBut investors have gotten nervous around lowered guidance from the company for full-year 2021 revenue -- earnings release scheduled for March 25 -- which got slashed by 7% due to pricing pressures and softening retail sales in larger markets, including California, Colorado, and Florida, as well as some unanticipated regulatory delays impacting store openings in new markets. These negative comments led to the continued slide in Columbia Care's stock price. But they didn't deter analysts such as Pablo Zuanic of Cantor Fitzgerald, who kept an overweight rating on the stock and a $5.20 price target, which reflects a premium of 111% over the current price.\nRising revenue and falling stock prices give investors an opportunity\nThe revenue growth rate for the quarter and the year may be easily shrugged off by some investors if it were a company with a lower revenue total, but the $132 million for Q3 ranks Columbia Care eighth among public cannabis companies for total quarterly revenue. Fortunately for investors with a long-term approach -- which is kind of a must for cannabis investing -- the drop in stock price while revenue continues to grow opens the door to opportunity for a piece of a top 10 revenue-producing MSO at a discounted price. That opportunity could be escalated by a global cannabis market that is projected to grow to as much as $128 billion by 2028, supported by a 26% compound annual growth rate.\nThe company's growth going forward should be supported by an enlarged footprint extending into emerging markets including New Jersey, New York, and Virginia, which should help pad its revenue numbers as those states launch retail cannabis sales in the next two years. And if a new bill proposed in Virginia is passed, it could bring forward that state's 2024 launch up by 16 months, making Columbia Care a buy-now candidatewith the potential for a strong bull run.\nThis article represents the opinion of the writer, who may disagree with the official recommendation position of a Motley Fool premium advisory service. Were motley! Questioning an investing thesis even one of our own helps us all think critically about investing and make decisions that help us become smarter, happier, and richer", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "m&a", "new initiatives & programs", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nShare article on social media or email:\nView article via: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "PDHI Enters into Partnership with VBA. PDHI Enters into Partnership with VBA\nShare Article\nPDHIs digital population health management tools are coming soon to the VBAGateway member portal\nLogo\nThe benefits of partnering with PDHI for our clients are two-fold, said Michael Clayton, CEO & President of VBA. Payers and their end-user companies can deepen engagement with their members while utilizing this new data to identify health risks and impact health outcomes.\nBASKING RIDGE, N.J. (PRWEB)\nFebruary 21, 2022\nPDHI, a leading software provider supporting health plan, point of care, and corporate wellness health initiatives, was selected as a preferred technology partner to support VBAs expansion of population health management and wellness services within its technology platform.\nVBA, whose platform is leveraged by leading health plans, TPAs, and large employers across the nation, has chosen to integrate the ConXus Platform into its VBAGateway member portal. The benefits of partnering with PDHI for our clients are two-fold, said Michael Clayton, CEO & President of VBA. Payers and their end-user companies can deepen engagement with their members while utilizing this new data to identify health risks and impact health outcomes.\nTo help these plan sponsors make a positive impact on members' well-being, PDHI will be customizing a range of digital health solutions for VBA clients. Members will be able to access NCQA certified health assessments and expertly crafted self-management tools covering a breadth of health topics, all available from any device, at any time.\nDue to recent events, health plans, TPAs, and employer groups have been placing a renewed focus on health and well-being efforts, said Jennifer Jolley, President & CEO of PDHI. This partnership is an incredible opportunity for us to do our part to make health improvement tools more easily accessible to plan participants.\nAbout PDHI\nPDHI is a software organization that develops and distributes the ConXus Platform to support health plan, point of care, and employer health initiatives. PDHI is a software organization that develops and distributes the ConXus Platform to support population health management, point of care, and wellness programs. With a 25-year track record of success, PDHI is trusted by hundreds of companies including health plans, wellness providers, and large employers across the United States. Learn more at pdhi.com.\nAbout VBA\nVBA is a proactive, leading-edge software design company providing comprehensive solutions to the insurance industry. Uniquely delivered on a secure, cloud-based platform, VBA provides one common architecture for all benefit administration. Our software development process focuses on continuous improvement to address market demands and ever-changing industry requirements. This empowers our clients to focus on business strategy and growth while streamlining their operations. Learn more at vbasoftware.com", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["other", "m&a", "participation in an event"]}, {"question": "\nMost Read What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Top Bakken producers Oasis, Whiting to merge. Share on Pinterest\nShare on LinkedIn\nWILLISTON, N.D. (KFYR) - Two big-time players in the Williston Basin announced Monday that they will be merging.\nOasis Petroleum and Whiting Petroleum will be combining to form a new company, which will be headed by executives from both companies. The company will have a premier position in the Williston Basin with top-tier assets across 972,000 acres and a combined production of 167,800 barrels per day, according to a press release. Officials say the merger will allow them to create a new leader that is poised for significant and resilient cash flow generation.\nTogether, we will leverage best practices of both companies, to unlock the enormous combined potential for our assets and organizations, said Lynn Peterson, Whiting President/CEO\nWe believe the combined company will be an even more attractive investment opportunity with compelling scale, strong free cash flow, and significant upside potential, said Danny Brown, Oasis CEO.\nBrown will serve as the President and CEO of the new company, while Peterson will become the executive chair of the board.\nThe transaction is expected to close later this year under a new name, which has not been announced.\nOfficials from Oasis and Whiting say they will continue their ESG efforts, including applying best practices across both companies related to safety, gas capture and emissions reduction.\nCopyright 2022 KFYR. All rights reserved", "answer groups": ["m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "other", "event organization", "subsidiary establishment"]}, {"question": "\nPartner Content What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "XSport Global Inc. Stock Quote (U.S.: OTC). No Headlines Available\nXSport Global Inc.\nXSport Global, Inc. develops internet portal and mobile applications. It also creates, develops, promotes, markets, produces and distributes online or mobile applications. The company operates through the CarePanda platform, which is an online software that helps people to share and control healthcare information. It focuses on developing HeadTrainer mobile application, which primarily focuses on the youth sports markets. XSport Global was founded by Maurice E. Durschlag on September 11, 2017 and is headquartered in Charlotte, NC", "answer groups": [" company description", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "department establishment", "regulatory approval", "hiring"]}, {"question": "\nPosted-In: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Will.i.am Alyssa Milano And Other Celebs Back Berlin-Based CBD Company Sanity Group. License\nFour high-profile celebrities became the new endorsers of Sanity Group, a Berlin-based CBD and medical cannabis company, by investing in the firms latest funding round of $4.8 million.\nThe company, which owns German CBD brand VAAY, received investments from Black Eyed Peas founding member, musician Will.i.am, actress Alyssa Milano, German soccer player Mario Goetze and model Stefanie Giesinger.\nEarlier this year, Benzinga reportedthe closing of Sanity Groups Series A funding of $22 million, the largest cannabis funding round in Europe to date.\nThe effort was led by Calyx, a European Cannabis-focused investment fund and HV Holtzbrinck Ventures, one of Germany's largest Venture Funds. Other participants in the round includedKaran Wadhera (managing partner at Casa Verde), Scooter Braun's investment fund TQ Ventures and Berlin-based Cherry Ventures.\nThe investment was consideredthe largest cannabis financing round in Europe at the time.\nThe company now is at $29 million in funding.\nThis latest, celebrity-backed round coincides with VAAYs launch in the UK and the German launch of This Place, a CBD cosmetics line.\nThe group also owns Vayamed, a medical cannabis company developing new therapies and pharmaceuticals.\nI am a big fan of innovative health companies, especially after seeing the growing research that is done around the hemp plant. The Sanity Group team has found the right approach and have created high-quality products to help people, said Will.i.am, whose participation in Sanity Group marks his first cannabis investment.\nFinn Age Hnsel, co-CEO Sanity Group said that this additional investment in the business will help drive forward the expansion of the companys Wellbeing division and its brands across Europe.\nLead image by Ilona Szentivanyi. Copyright: Benzinga.\n 2020 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved", "answer groups": ["funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "other", "investment in public company", "department establishment"]}, {"question": "\nPosted-In: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Michigan-Based MSO C3 Industries Announces Rebrand Of Its Cloud Cover Cannabis Brand. License\nC3 Industries, a multi-state, vertically integrated cannabis operator headquartered in Michigan, is rolling out a refresh of its Cloud Cover Cannabis brand, including an updated packaging design, brand strategy and a new website.\nCloud Cover's newly outlined brand strategy clearly communicates how the people behind the brand put the product first in everything they do. The redesigned single-page website, which incorporates modern graphics and lively fonts, takes the user on a journey through the Cloud Cover story.\nWe're thrilled to unveil our updated Cloud Cover 2.0 branding, which represents the brands high-quality product offering and status as a standing leader in its markets, Vishal Rungta, president and CFO of C3 Industriestold Benzinga. We believe the bold new look will resonate with our existing customer base and new customers alike as we continue expansion, establishing our unique brand identity within our target consumer base.\nMs contenido sobre cannabisen Espaol en El Planteo.\nFor the latest in financial news, exclusive stories, memes follow\nBenzinga\non Twitter Facebook& Instagram For the best interviews, stock market talk & videos, subscribe to Benzinga Podcastsand our YouTube channel\n2021 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "product updates"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "department establishment", "subsidiary establishment", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": "\nRequired fields are marked What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Client Spotlight: Bill Fabbri,President of WjF GeoConsultants, Inc.. 0\nAs the founder and President of Massachusetts-based WjF GeoConsultants, Inc. an environmental consulting and site development firm, and valued REGENESIS client, Bill Fabbri experiences first-hand the broad spectrum of specialized services required for successful regulatory site closure and project completion. As President and Principal Hydrogeologist for WjF, Fabbri is responsible for nearly every facet of the environmental remediation process, from proposal stage to site closure. He shares, As the owner and Principal, I oversee all aspects of running and operating WjF, which includes client interaction, proposal writing, reviewing data/reports, etc., as well as being the Licensed Site Professional (LSP) for many projects. I particularly like leading the client through the Massachusetts Contingency Plan (i.e., the MassDEP regulations) regulatory maze. Most of my clients are not familiar with the MassDEP regulations, and within the DEP system there are many challenging situations that can play out. Achieving regulatory closure is the endpoint through the entire process. Its my job as their LSP to provide clients with options, along with costs, and have them select the best option for their situation. Another aspect he enjoys is the diversity in his firms projects. He adds, No two projects are alike. Some may have similarities, but each location can present its own unique challenges as they relate to contaminants of concern, site conditions or receptors, and I like the variability.\nFabbri founded WjF in 2006, after first gaining valuable geo-science and environmental remediation experience from key positions with a few other consulting firms. His first job opportunity in the industry came about while completing his BS in Geology from the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. He continues, I started my environmental career in 1986 when I answered an ad posted by an environmental compliance firm in West Springfield, MA that appeared in the Geology Department at the University of Mass-Amherst. The company was looking for a Geologist to work on a drilling rig to log soil samples at commercial and industrial locations that were being bought and sold. At that time the Massachusetts environmental regulations were in their infancy, so It was a great opportunity for me to learn as the industry evolved. Essentially, I was in the right place at the right time. I was with that firm for over four years, working my way up to Project Manager. Over the next several years, Fabbri advanced his career through positions that included Project Manager and Operations Manager, before becoming part owner in an environmental consulting firm with a former colleague. It was around this time, in 2002, that he earned his MS in Geology/Hydrogeology from the University of Pennsylvania. He adds, I started WjF in early 2006 and its been my longest employment of my career! Fortunately for me, the first two firms I worked for were very small, so I got exposed to a variety of complex sites along with different remediation technologies and approaches. When asked what he enjoys most about his work, he points to the satisfaction of completing a project for his client and achieving regulatory closure. He continues, As a smaller firm, we achieve about 20-plus closures per year. I also enjoy having flexibility with our staff and work schedules. I never deny a vacation or time off, as I believe life is too short.\nWhen it comes to working with REGENESIS, Fabbri appreciates the companys methodology and level of proficiency in guiding WjF through what can be a challenging process. He shares, My involvement with REGENESIS goes back to the early days of WjF. By using REGENESIS pragmatic approach and technical expertise, weve successfully collaborated on several projects. Weve been fortunate to have worked directly with REGENESIS on a few of their projects as a sub-contractor, and I sincerely appreciate their confidence in my staff regarding the application of their products. Its always a team effort! With regard to the use of REGENESIS products, RegenOx, PersulfOx, ORC and ORC Advanced are utilized often, as well as PlumeStop and PetroFix. Fabbri continues, We like the full range of REGENESIS products because they are cost-effective, although specific use depends on site and contaminant conditions. For groundwater plumes in sensitive drinking water aquifers, PlumeStop and PetroFix have been terrific, as they are able to reduce contaminant concentrations to below drinking water standards. We use RegenOx and ORC when excavating contaminated soils and applying these products to an open excavation, since it is such a cost-effective method for application and getting contact through mixing. When asked about the future goals of WjF, he emphasizes that he likes the fact they are a smaller firm. I like the size we are, he says. I enjoy being involved, and need to be as an LSP. I also appreciate developing and maintaining our client relationships.\nLiving just outside of Springfield, Mass. with his wife Laurie of 27 years, Fabbri has two grown sons. In his free time, he enjoys playing ice hockey, cooking, and traveling. I love to cook, he says. I also love to make Italian-style red wines, such as Chianti, Barbera, and Sangiovese. In addition, I enjoy traveling with my wife and family in the U.S. and Europe, particularly Italy. Its especially difficult to travel with the boys now as theyre older and they live so far away. However, one thing my wife and I have learned is that if were willing to pay for them, theyre willing to come! And thats what its all about, spending time as a family!\nWhen asked how hes seen the remediation industry change over the years, Fabbri feels it is evolving, in part due to new contaminants and regulations. He continues, In my 30-plus years in this industry, Ive noticed the evolution of remediation, the emergence of new contaminants, and how the Massachusetts regulations continue to evolve. Ive also seen many companies close, merge or get bought out. And how would he encourage others to join his field of study? This field can always use scientists with various scientific backgrounds- from geologists to engineers to biologists to chemists, there is a niche and a company for you out there. For those who want to work in this industry, there are still historical issues that we must address, along with the issues that are emerging, that will need our expertise.\nREGENESIS is proud to have Bill Fabbri, President and Principal Hydrogeologist for WjF GeoConsultants, Inc., as a valued client and partner in environmental remediation, and appreciates his vast experience and knowledge base in providing successful remediation outcomes for REGENESIS and its clients.\nLeave a Reply\nYour email address will not be published", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "article publication", "investment in public company", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": "\nPublished on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Yara to hive off Agoro Carbon Alliance as separate entity. Smoke from chimneys. FILE PHOTO| Photo Credit: VICTOR FRAILE\n\nMove will provide Agoro Carbon India more flexibility and options to implement practical changes and farming interventions\nBengaluru, March 22\nAgoro Carbon Alliance, formed to address the global challenges in agriculture, will become a separate legal entity from its parent company Yara from April 1.\nThe strategic move will provide Agoro Carbon India more flexibility and options to implement practical changes and farming interventions across Indian farms. It will enable the company to help growers in their decarbonisation journey, impart agronomic knowledge to help produce quality crop yield and healthier soil and connect farmers to the carbon credit market.\nEven after the separation, Agoro Carbon Alliance will remain 100 per cent owned and backed by Yara, and the two companies will continue to collaborate closely. All Agoro Carbon Alliances existing contracts with growers, partners and vendors will be transferred to the new company with no alteration, the company said in a statement.\nAgoro Carbon Indias focus is the large-scale, practical decarbonization of Indian farms. This move allows us to focus fully on our Indian growers success by keeping strategic control and flexibility around our core offerings while also cementing our position as a strong, independent and highly motivated agent of change in the Indian agriculture sector. India has a big role to play in global food security, and we at Agoro Carbon, as a high-impact, independent, global business, are well-poised to partner locally with Indian growers to achieve massive farm-level decarbonization, Prithviraj Sen Sharma, Managing Director of Agoro Carbon Alliance India,\nAgoro Carbon is encouraging Indian farmers to adopt climate-friendly farming techniques and assisting them in producing in a sustainable manner. The company has been working with small holder farmers in Wardha, Maharashtra and Punjab.\nAlex Bell, CEO of Agoro Carbon Alliance, said, Our independent status gives us the best of both worlds: enabling Yaras full strategic backing of Agoro Carbon, while giving us even more operational flexibility. Agoro Carbon will continue to focus on practical agronomic excellence and be input and practice agnostic. The separation underscores our intent and confirms our ability to be entirely focused on providing best in class and unbiased farmer enablement to generate premium environmental assets for responsible buyers and investors", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "subsidiary establishment", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "participation in an event", "other"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "One Month of Learnings from Flo Healths Bug Bounty Program: A Q&A with CISO, Leo Cunningham. LinkedIn\nThe CISO of Flo Health, the worlds most popular womens health app, knows that enabling his security team with the most advanced security testing methods is of the utmost importance to brand trust and user loyalty.\nWe recently sat down with CISOLeo Cunninghamto hear about Flo Health's learnings from the first 30 days of their bug bounty program. Read on to see what Leo shared about the importance of leveraging the global hacker community and how vulnerability findings help improve Flo Health's internal processes.\nTell us who you are.\nHi, Im Leo Cunningham, the CISO at Flo Health.\nWhat does Flo Health do? Why is cybersecurity so important?\nLeo Cunningham: Flo is the most popular womens health app globally; over 190 million users have downloaded Flo, attaining 40 million monthly active users. With over 80+ medical experts, Flo supports women during their entire reproductive lives. The app provides curated cycle and ovulation tracking, personalized health insights, expert tips, and a private community for women to share their questions and concerns. Flo Health app is available in more than 20 languages on iOS and Android.\nFlo prioritizes safety and keeps a sharp focus on being the most trusted digital source for womens health information. Cybersecurity is the most important thing to our business due to the sensitive data we process and the large amount of user data we store.\nWhat led you to HackerOne?\nLeo Cunningham: Before using HackerOne, we used to run penetration testing via a vendor. However, these traditional pentests limited us because we couldnt access niche skill sets. We wanted to add a modern approach to what we were already practicing. Choosing HackerOne means were not limiting ourselves. We can open up our application and platform to the largest global community of ethical hackers. We wanted to reach a diverse community and pool of talent to push the boundaries, give us a better measure of our security, and detect vulnerabilities that could have been missed internally. By offsetting some of our vulnerability management and testing efforts, we have saved ourselves a huge amount of time and money.\nWhat were some of the first successes?\nLeo Cunningham: Launching the HackerOne program has allowed us to look at our internal processes and refine these to ensure maximum ROI and efficiency when dealing with multiple sources of vulnerability information.\nIn the first month of the program, we reached out to 200 people on the platform to see if they could test what we already put in place. So far, we have had a couple of items disclosed. One of the bugs disclosed so far was a low vulnerability. This bug was already known to our security team and is a legacy item with no impact on Flo. Because the bug bounty submission was from another perspective, we decided to pay $200 for this as it was insightful to know how a hacker viewed this vulnerability.\nThe interaction with the HackerOne team and with the hacker community has been great. HackerOne Triage verifies the findings before being submitted to us for review. This saves Flo so much time and reduces our efforts on checking items.\nHow are hackers helping you reduce business risk?\nLeo Cunningham: The hacker community is assisting us in achieving a position where we are as secure as we can be while allowing the business to operate as usual. This also helps us review current processes, Jira workflows and makes developers aware of security bugs.\nA hacker finds a bug - what happens next? Leo Cunningham: Once a bug has gone through HackerOne triage, we first fully validate the vulnerability ourselves, then add this to our vulnerabilities project, and if eligible, a bounty is paid out. From there, the relevant metadata is added, and the bug is sorted into a list of prioritized items to get fixed according to our internal SLA structure for remediation. The bug is then fixed and closed.\nHow do hackers help you spot vulnerability trends across your attack surface?\nLeo Cunningham: Hackers can spend more time across a wide range of areas to understand our technology and product, then apply their niche skillset to help us paint a picture of any issues that need to be addressed, ultimately helping us maximize our ROI.\nWhat advice would you give to other CISOs planning to start a bug bounty program?\nLeo Cunningham: If you havent already, set up a formalized internal process to deal with items in an orderly fashion. Make sure your teams are ready to understand and remediate upcoming issues. Think about what you want to get from the program and implement your plan accordingly.\nHow do you quantify working with hackers? Leo Cunningham: Working with the hacker community allows us to receive bugs that are not seen in traditional penetration tests and gives us a larger window of time in which to find these bugs. HackerOne provides the largest community of ethical hackers in the world, which makes it the best and biggest resource out there. The more hackers there are reviewing our items, the better.\nEach company is different and has different needs, but in order to quantify working with hackers, I ask myself the following:\nWhat do I currently spend on external penetration tests, and what level of coverage do I get? If I want exposure to a large community of hackers who live and breathe security testing, would this option give me more scope on tests for my product?\nAm I time-boxed with internal or external testing? If so, this adds additional pressure when you can freely open up your product (within a restricted and secure space) and allow hackers to take their time and spend longer on testing.\nHaving a bug bounty program is great from the brand perspective. It shows the world that you are investing in security and that you are open to a varied and wide community of testers who dedicate their time finding security bugs that could seriously impact your company if found by a malicious hacker.\nQ: How do you measure the value of data security?\nLeo Cunningham: At our core, we are a platform that relies on very sensitive data, and our customers need to be able to trust us with this information. Like all companies, a data breach has the potential to cause a lot of damage. Flo, as a result, has a very strong focus on security at all levels, and HackerOne is a crucial part of this process.\nWhats the biggest lesson youve learned so far?\nLeo Cunningham: Be prepared to deal with all sorts of information from various skill sets and keep an open mind.\nWhat does success look like in the future for you?\nLeo Cunningham: Success for us will be when we are getting minimal bugs reported, penetration tests return little to no results, and our internal vulnerability count is minimal.\nAnything else youd like to share?\nLeo Cunningham: The HackerOne customer service and account management team have been world-class", "answer groups": ["company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "support & philanthropy", "event organization", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nIn this article What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Nigeria and World News Nigeria The Guardian Nigeria News Nigeria and World News. Share on Telegram\nA Nigerian, Korede Azeez, has emerged one of the winners in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and Netflix groundbreaking short film competition tagged African Folktales, Reimagined.\nA Nigerian, Korede Azeez, has emerged one of the winners in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and Netflix groundbreaking short film competition tagged African Folktales, Reimagined.\nWinners, which cut across Sub-Saharan Africa, are to receive training and mentorship from industry professionals.\nThey will also get $75,000 production grant to create short films to premiered on Netflix this year as an Anthology of African folktales.\nBesides Azeez, five other winners announced yesterday, in a statement by Ayomide Olumide of Hill+Knowlton Strategies on behalf of the organisers, include Gcobisa Yako from South Africa; Loukman Ali (Uganda); Mohamed Echkouna (Mauritania); Voline Ogutu (Kenya) and Walter Mzengi of Tanzania.\nEach victor gets $25,000 in addition to a production budget of $75,000 to create short films through a local production company and under the guidance of Netflix-appointed supervising producer and industry mentors from across the continent.\nThe contest, launched by Netflix and UNESCO in October 2021, is aimed at promoting diverse local stories and bringing them to the world, via African Folktales.\nIn his congratulatory message, Director-General of UNESCO, Audrey Azoulay said: The fact that their films will be shown to a global audience is part of our commitment to promoting cultural diversity around the world.\nNetflix Director of Content in Africa, Ben Amadasun noted: Its been a truly inspiring journey for us to experience the level of creativity from our candidates", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " support & philanthropy", "event organization"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "product updates", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": "\n### What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Accuserve Brings Three Firms Together to Provide a Unique Managed Repair Platform Built on Expertise and Service. Top News\n3 days ago\nCode Blue, MADSKY and Accuwin come together as Accuserve, a concierge-style service provider helping property owners invest in and protect their assets so that they can do more of what matters most.\nAccuserve Solutions\nAccuserve Solutions\nSPRINGFIELD, Ohio, Feb. 17, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) When property owners need help responding to unforeseen circumstances, the caring experts at Accuserve Solutions Inc. are there to help. Code Blue, MADSKY, and Accuwin deliver innovative solutions for interior and exterior property repair. All are built on a foundational commitment to accurately assessing damage, defining the right scope of work, and managing restoration projects to completion with care, compassion, and expertise. Today, these distinct business units come together under the Accuserve brand. Accuserve works with property owners, insurance carriers, and a national network of contractors to deliver an unrivaled level of accuracy and service in the property restoration space. This allows property owners to quickly get back to whats most important in their lives.\nAccuserves CEO, Hunter Powell, leads this initiative. Powell took over the role of CEO of Code Blue, MADSKY, and Accuwin in 2020. He quickly recognized an opportunity to provide a superior customer experience by unifying the three companies under one brand. This unified the breadth of expert capabilities and bound the company together through a cultural commitment to caring and compassionate service.\nWe are launching Accuserve to make it easier for all of our stakeholders to work with us and receive our commitment to accurate and high-service outcomes. Our experts help accurately assess damage, connect homeowners with skilled trade professionals, and manage the full restoration process from start to finish,\nstated Hunter Powell.\nOperating under one brand with a shared vision and values, we will create a smoother experience for homeowners, carriers, and contractors.\nAccuserve is launching with a new logo and website, www.Accuserve.com, where contractors can apply to join the network of restoration experts, property owners can access expert content to help with restoration questions or challenges, and carriers can read more about the firms full suite of solutions built on an unparalleled balance of accuracy and service.\nFor every situation, Accuserve provides timely, trusted, and quality solutions that help property owners get back to what matters most. Accuserves staff of trained experts complements its network of trusted and experienced contractors to accurately assess property damage and develop the fastest, most effective restoration plan.\nOur solutions stand out from the rest for several reasons. Weve combined innovative technologies, expertly trained professionals, streamlined processes and caring people into the most accurate, high-touch restoration concierge service out there,\nadds Powell.\nWe define service as a unique balance of care and compassion in lockstep with expert capability.\nABOUT ACCUSERVE\nAccuserve is a full-service managed repair platform that provides concierge-style property restoration services. With expertise in water mitigation, interior general contracting, roofing and exterior, as well as window restoration, Accuserve unifies its contractor and carrier partners in delivering an empathetic home restoration experience for property owners. It blends quality and capability with care and compassion. Accuserves national network of contractors, partnered with its expert staff and supported by its innovative, unique training and customer support capabilities, deliver a level of accuracy and service that cant be matched", "answer groups": [" company description", "m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["participation in an event", "service & product providing", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "com\n What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Medisafe Secures $30M in Series C Funding to Build Future Model of Patient Support. Medisafe Secures $30M in Series C Funding to Build Future Model of Patient Support\nPress Release\nInvestments led by Sanofi Ventures and ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund\nThe digital health leader readies for solution expansion across the healthcare ecosystem with latest round of funding\nFebruary 25, 2021, Boston, MA Medisafe a leading digital therapeutics company creating digital drug companions, today announced that it has raised $30 million in Series C funding with investments led by Sanofi Ventures and ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund, joined by Leumi Partners, Menorah Mivtachim and Consensus Business Group, previous investors Pitango HealthTech, 7wireVentures, M Ventures, Octopus Ventures, lool Ventures, Triventures, Ourcrowd, and Qualcomm Ventures.\nWith this new investment Medisafe will further expand its end-to-end solutions supporting patients managing medications and accelerate revenues growth. Cris De Luca, Global Head, Digital Investments at Sanofi Ventures and David Klein, Co-Founder, Managing Partner ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund will join Medisafes board of directors.\nThe COVID-19 pandemic has proven to us that supporting patients digitally through virtual care and leveraging data-driven insights, is going to be foundational to future models of healthcare and improving outcomes, De Luca said.\nWeve been following Medisafe and witnessed its massive growth as the healthcare industry is rapidly deploying digital solutions, said David Klein, Co-Founder, Managing Partner ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund. Were excited to partner with the company, its investors and partners at this inflection point to drive together to new heights.\nFounded in 2012, Medisafe is the largest medication management platform with over 7M registered users globally. Medisafes growth is rapidly accelerating as the healthcare industry turns to digital health solutions to support patients. Partnering with top global pharma companies and expanding opportunities across the health ecosystem, Medisafe deploys digital drug companions to holistically support patients throughout their unique therapy journey. Medisafes advanced technology transforms patient behaviors powered by JITI (Just-in-Time-Interventions), AI data-driven personalized engine providing support for patients.\nOver the past eight years, Medisafe has amassed a database of over four billion dosage behaviors informing JITI to maximize engagement and driving outcomes. In 2020, Medisafe expanded its platform first launching Medisafe Care Connector which links the all-critical human element into patient support programs digitally connecting patients with clinicians. Last September, Medisafe introduced Maestro, a proprietary no-code technology to build, deploy and optimize personalized journeys. Medisafe Maestro provides a scalable solution to activate patient journeys, orchestrate patient support interventions and increase overall speed to market.\nThis investment allows Medisafe to expand holistic treatment support for patients to impact behavior change and ultimately outcomes. Medisafe is continuously advancing its technology to meet the dynamic needs of patients managing complex therapies, said Omri Shor, CEO and Co-Founder of Medisafe. The future model of patient support is not purely digital but adaptable to empower human connections. In fact, we are seeing impressive results connecting clinicians and care givers into the support solutions with adoption rates 4x that of pure digital and increasing nurse-to-patient connectivity by 1.8x. We are excited to build out further capabilities to meet the evolving needs of the industry.\nAbout Medisafe\nMedisafe is the leading evidence-based digital therapeutics company providing medication management solutions across the healthcare continuum, a $300 billion problem in the US alone. Medisafe supports patient journeys with AI driven technology that dynamically engages patients during the course of their treatment based on each patients regimen, condition and specific circumstance. Medisafe fosters collaboration among patients, their loved ones and healthcare professionals, and partners with the healthcare ecosystem, from pharma companies to payers and providers, to improve outcomes. With seven million registered patient and caregiver users have recorded on Medisafes platform over two billion successful medication doses on their iOS and Android smartphones and tablets and contributed 350,000 user reviews that average 4.7 out of 5 stars in the App Store and Google Play stores. Medisafe is a HIPAA and GDPR compliant solution and ISO 27001:2013 certified. For more information please visit www.medisafe", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "m&a", "alliance & partnership"]}, {"question": "h.com\nView source version on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Regence Health Plans and Strive Health Partner to Deliver Comprehensive Kidney Care Program. Strive Health\n, the national leader in value-based kidney care, today announced that Regencehealth plans are bringing Strives comprehensive kidney care program to Medicare Advantage (MA) and commercially insured members living with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This program includes a regional, state-of-the-art Strive Health Kidney Care Centerthat recently opened in Medford, Oregon. The center accommodates future and existing dialysis patients on all modalities, including in-center, home and peritoneal dialysis.\nThis press release features multimedia. View the full release here:\nhttps://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220104005323/en/\nRegence health plans are bringing Strive Healths comprehensive kidney care program to members living with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease in Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Utah. This initiative includes the opening of an innovative dialysis center. (Photo: Business Wire)\nStrives comprehensive kidney care program will drive quality improvements, including earlier interventions, whole-person care and hospital admission reductions, for 16,000 Regence members in Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Utah who have Stage 3 CKD through ESKD.\nPeople living with kidney disease require a more person-focused and holistic treatment approach, said Marion Couch, Regence's Chief Medical Officer and Senior Vice President of Health Care Solutions. Strive Healths comprehensive and proactive care approach will help us deliver on our goal to make health care better, simpler and more affordable for our members and customers. We are excited to partner with Strive to create a new approach to this disease.\nMore than 1 in 7U.S. adults are estimated to have kidney disease, which requires a proactive, value-based approach that promotes patient health and well-being. Changes outlined in the 21st Century Cures Act are expected to significantly increase the number of ESKD patients enrolled in MA plans, and new value-based payment models are revolutionizing care delivery for this population.\nStrives technology-enabled, high-touch clinical model addresses social determinants of health, improves care outcomes and reduces unnecessary healthcare costs by:\nClosing care gaps through coordination with the members primary care physician, nephrologist and other specialists.\nApplying predictive analytics through artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning technology to identify potential adverse events sooner.\nDelivering direct, home-based and virtual clinical services, education and training to delay kidney disease progression.\nEstablishing experienced, local Kidney Heroes teams to better support members through whole-person care, including care coordination, disease management, wound care, medication management and acute care management.\nKidney disease requires a fresh and comprehensive approach centered around the patient, said Chris Riopelle, CEO of Strive Health. Regence and Strive Health will offer transformative care to address the clinical and social determinants impacting kidney disease in a way that also controls long-term healthcare costs. We are thrilled to bring our Kidney Heroes teams to Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Utah, where they can deliver compassionate and complete care to enhance member quality of life.\nIf youre interested in learning more about the Strive Health Dialysis Center in Medford, visit StriveHealth-MedfordDialysis.comTo explore dialysis technician, nurse, administrator and other job openings at Strive, visit the Strive Health Careers site\nAbout Regence\nRegence serves more than 3.3 million people through its Regence health plans in Idaho, Oregon, Utah and Washington. Each Regence health plan is a nonprofit independent licensee of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association. Regence is part of a family of companies dedicated to transforming health care by delivering innovative products and services that change the way consumers nationwide experience health care. For more information, please visit Regence.com\nAbout Strive Health\nStrive Health is the nations leader in value-based kidney care and partner of choice for innovative healthcare payors and providers. Strive's core solutions include Population Health, Strive Care Partners (a value-based nephrology platform) and Complete Dialysis. Using a unique combination of high-touch care teams, predictive analytics, advanced technology, seamless integration with local providers and next-generation dialysis services, Strive forms an integrated care delivery system that supports the entire patient journey from chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Strive partners with commercial and Medicare Advantage payors, Medicare, health systems and physicians through flexible value-based payment arrangements, including risk-based programs. Backed by New Enterprise Associates, Alphabets CapitalG, Redpoint, Town Hall Ventures, Echo Health Ventures and Ascension Ventures, Strive delivers compassionate kidney care the way it should be done. For more information, visit Twitter LinkedInor www.strivehealth.com or email info@striveheal", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives or programs", "expanding geography", "clinical trial sponsorship"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "GUEST OPINION: Dominion has a secured, sustainable water supply. Save\nWater is life in the West, and the key to economic growth and quality of life in Colorado!\nTheres no question that big problems exist, and creative and thoughtful solutions are whats needed to reduce water usage, especially as the Front Range population continues to grow and water becomes an even more precious resource.\nYou may have seen several references in publications such as Colorado Politics and The Denver Gazette which stated that Dominion Water and Sanitation District (Dominion), and more specifically, Sterling Ranch is a likely recipient of water from a proposed Renewable Water Resources project in the San Luis Valley. Nothing could be further from the truth.\nDominion, the water district we lead with a diverse, talented staff, in partnership with the Sterling Ranch Community Authority Board, designed a water system and implemented water demand management to be sustainable from the beginning of this thriving new community.\nThe CAB developed and has successfully implemented a water demand management strategy that dramatically reduced the water its residents use to less than 30 percent of what Douglas County requires of new development.\nDominion, which serves the CAB, existing communities on declining wells and potential future customers in the greater northwest region of Douglas County, has already acquired all the renewable water needed for the planned Sterling Ranch Community at its full buildout. This has been accomplished through renewable water owned on the South Platte River and working collaboratively with Denver Water, Aurora Water, and the South Metro WISE Authority to establish formal agreements. All these purchases and contracts were in place before a single home was built in Sterling Ranch. For these reasons, and many more, Dominion, Sterling Ranch, and the CAB, do not need, the San Luis Valley water.\nDominion is leading the way in solving the Northwest Douglas County regions water and wastewater challenges. To this extent Dominion, the Town of Castle Rock, and Plum Creek Water Reclamation Authority have submitted a proposal to receive federal funds for a regional wastewater and water solution along the Highway 85 Corridor. This proposal will solve regional water quality issues, provide wastewater transmission services, and supply municipal water to stranded communities who rely on declining and low-quality groundwater.\nDominion has already built an extremely robust water supply portfolio capable of supporting Sterling Ranchs full build-out for its maximum density which includes:\nRenewable water through the WISE Partnership:\nRenewable water on the South Platte River\nReturn flows delivered via the South Platte River\nGroundwater as a back-up for drought conditions\nRainwater harvesting (the only District or Water Utility legally allowed to implement utility scale rainwater harvesting)\nStorage in Chatfield Reservoir\nAquifer storage and recovery to replenish the aquifer from withdrawals during drought\nThe CAB has implemented demand management by:\nRequiring every homes landscape design to be reviewed and approved for water conservation prior to installation\nDual water metering for indoor and outdoor usage and assigning a higher rate to outdoor usage\nRequiring every home to use an irrigation system with evo-transpiration data and is manufactured by a local Colorado company: Rachio\nWorked with the Denver Botanic Gardens to develop a landscape palette for residents\nMost importantly water demand management is being embraced by the public and the residents of Sterling Ranch. To this extent, Sterling Ranch has had the highest number of home sales for a Master Planned Community in the Denver market for two years in a row, and in 2021 was ranked as one of the top planned communities in the United States according to the National John Burns Report.\nLets be very clear, water is a severe challenge in our state. One that can only be solved by myriad proactive efforts led by experts to simultaneously develop robust and reusable water systems while also stretching every drop as far as it can take us.\nWe believe that Dominion, CAB, and Sterling Ranch have done this, and we look forward to continuing to lead the way in water sustainability along the Front Range.\nBrock Smethills is a member of the Board of Directors of the Dominion Water and Sanitation District. Andrea Cole is the districts general manager.\nBrock Smethills is a member of the Board of Directors of the Dominion Water and Sanitation District. Andrea Cole is the districts general manager", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", "new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "subsidiary establishment", "foundation", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nShare article on social media or email:\nView article via: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Lulu Launches New Ecommerce Solution for Direct-to-Consumer Book Fulfillment. Lulu Launches New Ecommerce Solution for Direct-to-Consumer Book Fulfillment\nShare Article\nLulu announces new ecommerce integration with WordPress\nLulu Direct\nLulu is currently the only company that allows creators to print books on-demand through ecommerce channels directly to consumers. Just as Lulu has led the way in self-publishing over the last twenty years, we are now leading the way in author ecommerce tools.\nRESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. (PRWEB)\nMarch 21, 2022\nLulu.com\ns publishing platform, Lulu Direct,enables authors to take advantage of direct-to-consumer sales channels, combined with the ease and flexibility of print-on demand. Now integrated with popular ecommerce providers like Shopify and WooCommercethis cutting-edge technology makes sales, fulfillment, and supply chain logistics easier to manage for authors and creators.\nLulus VP of Marketing, Matt Briel explains, By increasing our investment in the ecommerce channel, Lulu has repositioned itself as a player in several high-growth sectors including ecommerce, mobile, dropshipping, print-on-demand, and the greater creator economy. Lulu is currently the only company that allows creators to print books on-demand through ecommerce channels directly to consumers. Just as Lulu has led the way in self-publishing over the last twenty years, we are now leading the way in author ecommerce tools.\nCurrently, Lulu Direct works with the popular WordPress plugin, WooCommerce, as well as the fastest growing ecommerce platform right now, Shopify. Within the Lulu Direct dashboard, authors can connect books directly to their Shopify or WordPress websites. This model uses the Lulu network for automated print and fulfillment, giving authors complete control over retail choices and the ability to sell globally at the push of a button.\nSome of the benefits of direct-to-consumer sales for authors include:\nKeep 100% of the Revenue: The author is charged fulfillment costs only.\nRetain Customer Data: The author can gather key customer data for future marketing opportunities and list building.\nWhite Labeled Solutions & No Inventory: Customizable packaging inserts give the buyer a fully author-branded experience from purchase to delivery with the convenience of print-on-demand.\nFor more information, interview or article requests, please contact Sarah Gilbert at sgilbert@lulu.com.\nAbout Lulu\nSince 2002, Lulu has powered the knowledge-sharing economy by enabling creators in more than 225 countries and territories to publish over 2 million books. Lulu is dedicated to making the world a better place, one book at a time, through sustainable practices, innovative print-on-demand products and a commitment to excellent service", "answer groups": [" company description", " alliance & partnership", "product launching & presentation", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "product updates"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Premier Foods set to explore whitespace categories' amid international push. LinkedIn\nPremier Foods credits its successful branded growth model for building increased stability as the business prepares to expand into new categories and readies for overseas expansion.\nSpeaking on an investor call this morning (16 November), CEO Alex Whitehouse explained Premier Foods plans to extend its branded growth model, which has proved successful across its five core categories, into new whitespace categories where the buisness hopes to generate incremental revenue streams.\nWhat were doing is taking our leading brand positions and strong brands, and were developing new products for our consumers from those brands based on our insight into how their lives are changing and the way they shop, Whitehouse explained.\nMr Kipling, for example, is set to enter the biscuit category for the first time and expand into a range of branded ice cream, backed by TV advertising spend. Ice cream launches are also planned for Ambrosia and Angel Delight.\nThe business is poised to launch a range of insight driven new products in adjacent categories, building on the initial success of its Cape Herb and Spice, and Oxo rubs and marinades products. Branching out from the Oxo core of stock cubes, the range of marinade and rub flavours is set to expand.\nWhat were doing is taking our leading brand positions and strong brands, and were developing new products for our consumers.\nAlex Whitehouse, Premier Foods\nSeveral of the groups brands are said to have retained higher household penetration rates (a measure of how many consumers buy a brand on at least one occasion in a given timeframe), than pre-pandemic.\nWhitehouse noted 800,000 households who tried Sharwoods cooking sauces have continued to buy the brand post-lockdown. The company also saw success by pivoting into new products catering to people cooking more at home, such as Loyd Grossmans pizza-making range and cake mixes from Mr Kipling.\nWhilst its all still early days for us in new categories. Were getting to a point where collectively it all starts to add up to something interesting. Were looking at delivering towards 10m of revenue from those new category extensions over the full year this year, said Whitehouse.\nBisto unveils first new ad in six years amid 4m push to reach next generation\nGoing into the key festive period and the run-up to Easter, Premier Foods plans to maintain marketing spend at similar levels to 2021. The company spent 59.6m during the 26 weeks to 2 October on selling, marketing and distribution costs.\nLooking ahead, this will be the second consecutive year the business has invested in TV advertising for its Ambrosia, Batchelors, Bisto, Mr Kipling, Oxo and Sharwoods brands.\nClearly were able to invest more last year because of the year that we had that was great. So, in terms of overall levels, probably looking to similar levels of marketing compared with last year, but a step up compared to two years ago, said CFO Duncan Leggett.\nOur aim is to grow margin so that we can invest that behind the brands in consumer marketing and thats very much what weve been able to achieve over the last couple of years.\nMr Kipling skips across the pond\nSpurred on by international revenue growth of 7% versus two years ago, the company is going into full rollout mode in Canada with Mr Kipling slices, after seeing high-levels of repeat purchase. A testing phase for the Mr Kipling brand in the US is coming up.\nWhitehouse said the company will follow the same process it did in Canada by stocking the brand with a few retail partners, the expectation being Mr Kipling will land on US shelves by late December or early January.\nIn the US, were going to be following the same process that we followed in Canada. Were going into an initial launch with a couple of customers in the US while were working with those customers, to make sure weve got the model right as we did in Canada, said Whitehouse.\nThe Sharwoods brand is currently on display across 2,400 distribution points in the US, as the company noted the Indian cooking sauce market in the States remains at an early stage.\nPremier Foods on why its ramping up its marketing investment in 2021\nPremier Foods has also been focusing on bringing its UK branded growth model into Ireland, where the company posted growth of 38% compared to 2019. There will be support for brands in Ireland with TV advertising through the winter.\nRevenues for Premier Foods hit 394.1m during the 26 weeks to 2 October, down 6.5% on the 421.5m generated during the height of the pandemic in 2020, but up 7.5% on 2019. The business sales through online channels are up 80% compared to two years ago.\nPremier Foods posted a statutory pre-tax profit of 30.7m, down 39.2% on the 50.5m generated in 2020, but up 104.7% on a two-year basis. Compared to pre-pandemic in 2019, the companys second-quarter group revenue was up 8.5%, with branded revenue ahead by 13.3%.\nFor the half-year period, revenue rose by 11.4% on a two-year basis, reflecting what Premier Foods describes as the strength of its branded growth model.\nWe feel that weve had a really strong first half of the year and weve taken a lot of momentum into the second half with lots of strong plans, Whitehouse concluded", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " new initiatives or programs", " executive statement", " expanding geography"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nInterested parties can learn more by visiting: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Wilshire CA Pet Dental Care Cat/Dog Preventative Teeth Examinations Launched. There were 123 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 184,816 in the last 365 days.\nWilshire CA Pet Dental Care Cat/Dog Preventative Teeth Examinations Launched\nNews Provided By\nMarch 06, 2022, 03:25 GMT\nShare This Article\nPark La Brea, California-based Park La Brea Veterinary Care (323-931-1210) has announced the expansion of its pet dental care services to include clients in Wilshire, Miracle Mille, Fairfax District, West Adams, and surrounding areas.\n/\nEIN News\n/ -- Los Angeles, United States, March 05, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) --\nThe recent update comes amid growing demand for high-quality dental treatment for cats and dogs. Services now include cleaning, adjustments, filing, extraction, and general oral health examinations. The practice recommends that dog and cat teeth should be checked at least once a year.\nMore details can be found at:\nhttp://parklabreavets.com\nMuch like humans, animals with poor oral health are susceptible to a number of serious complications. Reflecting an increasing awareness among local pet owners, Park La Brea Veterinary Care now provides dental treatments designed to prevent tooth loss, oral pain, bad breath, and internal damage.\nAccording to the American Veterinary Medical Association, a number of symptoms can indicate that a pet has oral health problems. These can include bad breath, broken or loose teeth, discolored teeth, abnormal chewing, reduced appetite, pain in and around the mouth, or bleeding from the mouth.\nCats and dogs can develop periodontal diseases relatively early in their lives, and the expanded services from the Park La Brea practice are designed to detect and treat such conditions at the earliest possible stage. Oral examinations look for signs of plaque and tartar, particularly below the gumline, which can progress into more serious issues.\nWith advanced radiological equipment, the center can also carry out more detailed inspections of a pets oral health. A range of preventative and corrective treatments now ensure that pets remain in good overall health.\nAbout Park La Brea Veterinary Care\nAs a full service veterinary care provider, the practice also provides internal medicine, surgery, vaccines, flea control, parasite prevention, bathing and grooming, radiography, and more. Reflecting a commitment to customer service, Park La Brea Veterinary Care also now conducts house calls in Wilshire, Miracle Mille, Fairfax District, West Adams, and surrounding suburbs.\nA company representative stated: Our practice philosophy, simply stated, is to care for your pet as if it was one of our own. Our goal is to keep your pets happy and healthy. We believe in the rational, ethical, and scientific approach to problem-solving and we use the best available clinical evidence from systematic research when making decisions about the care and welfare of your pet", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "expanding geography", " expanding industry"], "distractor groups": ["executive appointment", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": "\nIn New York, a state that has been hit hard by the COVID-19 emergency, about half of all in-home care providers said they have experienced patients or family members refusi What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "[Updated] Home Helpers CEO: FDA Authorization of At-Home COVID-19 Test Is a Great First Step. Send email\nThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has officially granted an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the first at-home COVID-19 test kit. The move could improve coronavirus testing for in-home care workers and their patients moving forward.\nFor now, health care workers and first responders who have potentially been exposed to the virus or those who are showing symptoms will be given first access to testing kits produced by LabCorp, a global life sciences company headquartered in Burlington, North Carolina.\nSince the start of the COVID-19 emergency, many Americans have faced roadblocks in getting tested for the virus, making the exact number of confirmed cases largely unknown. The same holds true for hospitals and health care providers, including organizations that deliver care in the home setting.\nAdvertisement\nThis is a great first step in providing more widespread testing to the health care community and eventually our clients, Emma Dickison, CEO and president of Home Helpers, told Home Health Care News. We know, as weve been dealing with this pandemic, about the importance of widespread testing for our country to be able to help mitigate the virus. Without testing, it will be a challenge to get back to any kind of normalcy.\nHome Helpers is a Cincinnati-based in-home care franchise company that has over 300 locations across the U.S.\nIn addition to her role at Home Helpers, Dickison also serves as president of the Home Care Association of Americas (HCAOA) board of directors. HCAOA is a Washington, D.C.-based trade organization that represents nearly 3,000 home care companies.\nAdvertisement\nAs part of its testing process, LabCorp and its clinical laboratory network will allow users to receive a sample collection kit through the mail and send the test back to its labs for results. The test which individuals can carry out themselves involves collecting a nasal sample via a Q-tip-style cotton swab.\nThroughout this pandemic, we have been facilitating test development to ensure patients access to accurate diagnostics, which includes supporting the development of reliable and accurate at-home sample collection options, FDA Commissioner Dr. Stephen Hahn said in a statement. Specifically, for tests that include home sample collection, we worked with LabCorp to ensure the data demonstrated from at-home patient sample collection is as safe and accurate as sample collection at a doctors office, hospital or other testing site.\nOverall, the FDA has authorized more than 50 diagnostic tests during the coronavirus public health emergency, working with over 350 different test developers.\nWorst-case scenarios\nWhile home health clinicians arent explicitly named in the FDA authorization or LabCorps plans, the availability of easy-to-use COVID-19 at-home test kits could aid providers in their efforts to keep both patients and staff safe.\nMore than anything, the ability to test and confirm suspected coronavirus cases among in-home clinicians and caregivers would help providers prevent further spread of the virus.\nEnabling individuals to self-administer sample collection will help reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others and reduces the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE), as the tests do not require a clinician to perform the test collection, a LabCorp spokesperson told HHCN in an email. It is also important to have health care workers tested so that they can continue to help others in need as we fight the COVID-19 virus.\nIn North Carolina at least 14 cases of the coronavirus were recently linked to a Rutherford County-based home health agency.\nMeanwhile, a 71-year-old home health patient in Kentucky passed away this week from COVID-19,\nthe Lexington Herald Leader reported Wednesday\n. The patient was receiving in-home physical therapy services after suffering a severe stroke in December.\nAbout six days after receiving a visit from his physical therapist, the patients home health company called and said the therapist had tested positive for COVID-19. The patients daughter and wife both present during the home health visit also contracted the virus.\nWhile it wouldnt take all risk out of the equation, more widely available testing for in-home care workers would at the very least help providers identify compromised front-line staff sooner.\nFor clinicians, they are at greater risk for contracting the virus, Dickison said. I think the latest is that about 25% of those who have been diagnosed [with COVID-19] are health care professionals. This provides them an easy test to make sure that they are healthy at the time of work.\nDespite the two recent examples, there hasnt been widely reported stories of home-based care providers spreading COVID-19. Within the long-term care space, nursing homes have largely taken center stage.\nMore than 4,900 nursing homes and other long-term care facilities across the United States have coronavirus cases, according to New York Times data. More than 55,000 residents and staff members at those facilities have contracted the virus and more than 10,300 have died.\nYet even nursing homes and assisted living communities struggle with adequate testing.\nWere hearing from our nursing homes and assisted living communities that have undertaken expanded testing that they are finding a high number of residents and staff who are positive, but without symptoms, Mark Parkison, president and CEO of the American Health Care Association (AHCA) and the National Center for Assisted Living (NCAL), said in a statement. Without access to more testing, long term care providers are at a severe disadvantage in identifying more of these asymptomatic residents and staff.\nTesting toward the bottom line\nThe availability of more in-home COVID-19 tests like the kind developed by LabCorp would also help providers seeing deceased visits and care interruptions due to the virus.\nFearing contact with the coronavirus, many home care clients and home health patients have turned down care services, refusing to allow caregivers or clinicians into their homes for safety reasons. At the same time, some visits havent been able to take place because caregivers worry about spreading the virus without appropriate PPE.\nIn a recent HCAOA survey of more than 1,200 in-home care professionals, 90% said their agencies were seeing clients cancelling visits. More than 60% said their agencies had employees calling off work.\nBeing able to have the testing and PPE available gives both the client and caregiver the best possible opportunity to stay safe, Dickison said. Tests, clean surfaces, washing hands, hand sanitizers, masks and gloves all of these things work together in concert.\nMore than 70% of the respondents in the HCAOA survey said their agencies were facing shortages of masks and hand sanitizer", "answer groups": [" company description", "regulatory approval", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "event organization", "patent publication"]}, {"question": "\nAttachment What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Innosphere Ventures Colorado BioScience Association and Colorado BioScience Institute Announce New Incubation Program to Grow Life Sciences Startups. State Funding from Advanced Industries Business Accelerator Grant to Support Program\nAbout Innosphere Ventures\nInnosphere accelerates the success of science and technology-based startups through its unique accelerator and commercialization programs, specialized laboratory facilities, and venture capital fund. Innosphere has supported founders and CEOs building high-tech companies for 24 years and is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization with a strong mission to grow the regions entrepreneurial ecosystem.\nDenver, CO, Feb. 17, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) Innosphere Ventures, Colorado BioScience Association (CBSA), and Colorado BioScience Institute (The Institute) today announced their plan to launch a comprehensive incubator program for life sciences startups with support from the State of Colorado. Colorados Office of Economic Development and International Trade (OEDIT) released the names of winning recipients of their 2022 Advanced Industries Business Accelerator Grant earlier today, which included the life sciences incubator program proposed by Innosphere, CBSA, and The Institute.\nThe state-funded life sciences incubator program will offer startups developing will offer startups who are developing or commercializing technologies, products, devices, and life-saving breakthroughs the combined expertise and insights of the three organizations. Participants will access Innospheres leading incubation program for entrepreneurs, CBSAs resources and programming, which are designed to build a collaborative environment and supportive business climate for life sciences innovation, and the Institutes expertise in life sciences-specific educational programs.\nThis is an exciting partnership with CBSA and The Institute to support early-stage life sciences founders through this first-of-its-kind life sciences incubation program, said Mike Freeman, Innosphere CEO. There hasnt been a better time for health innovation, so this is a great opportunity for technical founders, university researchers and physician entrepreneurs who are ready to accelerate the progress of their startup.\nInnosphere, CBSA, and The Institute will launch the first cohort in 2022, with the goal of selecting ten life sciences startups developing promising innovations that could save and change lives. A second incubator program will be run in 2023. Due to the state grant funding, the one-year incubator program will be offered at a minimal cost to companies selected for the cohort.\nColorado BioScience Association is thrilled to supercharge the growth of our communitys most promising early-stage companies and support startups in our ecosystem with this new incubator, said Elyse Blazevich, Colorado BioScience Association and Colorado BioScience Institute President & CEO. We thank our partners at OEDIT for recognizing the future impact of a comprehensive incubator program for life sciences startups and the Colorado state legislature for continued funding of the business-critical Advanced Industries Accelerator Grant and Tax Credit programs.\nThe Advanced Industries Business Accelerator Grant provides funding to programs in Colorado that have developed or are developing programming for early-stage companies in the states advanced industries. The state funding will allow founders of ten selected life sciences companies to take part in the year-long Innosphere-led incubator, membership in Colorado BioScience Association, with access to more than 30 education and networking opportunities each year, and fully funded participation in The Institutes Foundations of Leadership or Executive Leadership programs.\nLife sciences leaders from Colorados best-known companies, institutions, and organizations have advanced their careers and expanded their networks through our executive leadership programs, said Meg John, Colorado BioScience Institute Vice President. We are pleased to build on the strong track record of these highly-regarded programs and welcome participants in the new Innosphere, CBSA, and CBSI incubator.\nInnosphere and Colorado BioScience Association also seek to continue the comprehensive incubator past the two-year period funded by the state. A Colorado Coalition, led by Innosphere Ventures, is seeking $100 million in a U.S. Economic Development Administration (EDA) Build Back Better grant to grow the Colorado Front Range regions R&D-intensive growth cluster. The Build Back Better proposal would rapidly scale the local life sciences and cleantech industries. The Colorado Coalitions grant proposes five construction projects along with a variety of non-construction projects, including: growing cluster employment, particularly focused on growing the regions Black and LatinX workforce; and incubating startup ventures, especially increasing those owned by people of color. Continued funding of this incubation program is included in the proposal.\n###\nAbout Colorado BioScience Association\nColorado BioScience Association (CBSA) creates co-opportunity for the Colorado life sciences community. CBSA champions a collaborative life sciences ecosystem and advocates for a supportive business climate. From concept to commercialization, member companies and organizations drive global health innovations, products and services that improve and save lives. The association leads Capital and Growth, Education and Networking, Policy and Advocacy, and Workforce Cultivation to make its members stronger, together. Learn more: cobioscience.com\nAbout the Colorado BioScience Institute\nColorado BioScience Institute is a non-profit that provides workforce development and STEM education programs to cultivate and diversify the life sciences talent pipeline in Colorado. The Institute provides educational programs for students and teachers, individuals and companies contributing to the overall workforce cultivation efforts in our state. The Institutes programs reach students and teachers beginning in middle school and professionals at all stages of their careers. All Institute programs either prepare students for careers in life sciences or promote growth to those already in the industry, providing the life sciences community with a highly skilled workforce", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", " executive statement", " alliance & partnership", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "product launching & presentation"]}, {"question": "\nAbout the University of Oregon\nThe University of Oregon, w What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "$425 million lead gift to U of O launches Ballmer Institute for Children's Behavioral Health. $425 million lead gift to U of O launches Ballmer Institute for Childrens Behavioral Health\nUniversity of Oregon\nFormer Concordia University campus in Portland to serve as its EUGENE, Ore. (KTVZ) TheUniversity of Oregonon Tuesday officially launchedThe Ballmer Institute for Childrens Behavioral Health, a bold new approach to addressing the behavioral and mental health care needs of Oregons children. The Portland-based institute is made possible by a lead gift of more than $425 million from Connie and Steve Ballmer, co-founders of\nBallmer Group Philanthropy\n.\nThe institute establishes a new national model for behavioral and mental health care by uniting the UOs top-ranked research programs, Oregon public schools and families, and community support groups in the creation and delivery of intervention and treatment programs that can be part of the daily lives of K-12 students. The UO will propose a new degree program and launch a certificate program to empower a new workforce eager to meet childrens needs within schools and organizations.\nConnie and Steve Ballmer, who have already provided exceptional support and inspiration for childrens behavioral health, are now empowering the university to make immediate and lasting positive impacts on childrens behavioral and mental health, said Michael H. Schill, University of Oregon president and professor of law. A bold effort is needed to address the behavioral and mental health needs of our youth. This gift is monumental. It enables UO researchers and experts to build on a collective vision to develop innovative and scalable programs, and to address the need for a sustainable workforce that can work directly with our children.\nThe commitment of more than $425 million allows the UO to chart a new path for higher education.As a public research university, it is always important to reflect our broad role within the state and beyond, said Patrick Phillips, UO provost and senior vice president. We naturally celebrate our core mission of education and research, but here we have an unprecedented opportunity to build upon these strengths to have an incredible impact on the world.\nThe Ballmers, through Ballmer Group Philanthropy, have a legacy of building partnerships that support our youth. Right now, the need for behavioral health services across our country is at critical levels, and there is an opportunity to strengthen and enhance the behavioral health system so that it is set up to address every childs needs - now and in the future, said Connie Ballmer, who earned a bachelors degree at the University of Oregon and served on its Board of Trustees from 2014 to 2021. Steve and I are excited to help bring to life this institute, which can help strengthen talent and build partnerships to create long-lasting impact for Oregons kids and families.\nThe Ballmer Institute will be based in Portland, the epicenter of Oregons crisis, andwill partner with K-12 schools statewide beginning withPortland Public Schools. Portland Superintendent Guadalupe Guerrero said he believes this type of collaboration has tremendous implications for both young people and educators.\nThe global pandemic has only amplified the mental and behavioral health needs of students here in Portland and across the country, said Guerrero. School districts are often ill-capacitated to adequately address these barriers to learning. We have a responsibility to find innovative ways to support the holistic needs of our students and are excited for our groundbreaking partnership with the Ballmer Institute.\nGovernor Kate Brown also endorses and supports this novel approach. Oregon must take action to address the behavioral and mental health crisis that we are facing in communities across the entire state, Brown said. I am so pleased the Legislature has made a significant investment in resources, support and services. However, we need a workforce. And thats where the Ballmer Institute steps up.\nTheBallmer Institute for Childrens Behavioral Health at the University of Oregonwill be the first of its kind and the most comprehensive effort undertaken by a U.S. university and its partners, creating a new model of care. Through the institute, the UO will:\nDevelop a new level of behavioral health practitioners through new undergraduate degree and certificate programs. The new degree program is subject to state approval.\nDeliver science-based early detection, prevention, and treatment strategies directly into the lives of children and their families.\nAccelerate the discovery and dissemination of new technologies and research informed by clinical context.\nProvide scholarships through a $100 million endowment to graduate a new, diverse and culturally rich workforce prepared to work directly with those in need.\nEarly goals call for the Ballmer Institute to graduate annually, from the proposed bachelors degree program, at least 200 behavioral health practitioners prepared to bring their passion and unique skill set into Oregons public schools.The University of Oregon will also offer a certificate program for mid-career students to prepare and empower as many graduates as possible with community-based skills that can make an immediate and lasting impact.\nInitial plans also call for more than 20 new faculty members who will collaborate continually to inform, strengthen, and expand the body of research in the field of childrens behavioral and mental health. While training students, the faculty members will also develop innovative programs and refine approaches in the education community.\nThe unique approach calls for enhanced public-private partnerships in which researchers will work in coordination with school districts behavioral health professionals, local agencies, prevention and digital behavioral health startups, and healthcare providers to deliver behavioral health wellness interventions into the daily lives of children.\nIn the coming days, the University of OregonBoard of Trustees is expected to review a purchase agreement for the former Concordia University campus in northeast Portland, which will be home to the new institute.\nAbout Ballmer Group\nBallmer Group is committed to improving economic mobility. We invest in organizations that work to reduce and eliminate systemic barriers to opportunity, combat structural racism, and provide direct services to help kids and families succeed. We focus on multiple issues, areas, and systems that can impact economic mobility, such as early learning, K-12 education, college and career pathways, housing, health, and criminal justice. Ballmer Group is both a national and regional funder we have a presence and invest deeply in southeast Michigan, Washington state, and Los Angeles County. Ballmer Group was co-founded by philanthropist Connie Ballmer and her husband Steve Ballmer, former CEO of Microsoft, founder of USAFacts, and chairman of the Los Angeles Clippers. Twitter:@BallmerGroup", "answer groups": [" company description", " support & philanthropy", " new initiatives or programs", "funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\noptional screen reader What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Donaldson Callif Perez Promotes Katy Alimohammadi Crown to Partner. See All\nLos Angeles-based entertainment law film Donaldson Callif Perezhas promoted associate Katy Alimohammadi Crown to partner.\nCrown specializes in representing filmmakers in all stages of their projects, including production legal services, rights clearance and distribution. She has established herself as a leading production and clearance counsel on documentary series including HBOs Music Box, The Last Dance, Tiger King and Random Acts of Flyness. She has also worked as clearance counsel on scripted projects such as Bombshell, The Front Runner, Zola and Leave No Trace, as well as documentaries including Operation Varsity Blues, Circus of Books, Shirkers and the Oscar-nominated films The Mole Agent and Crip Camp.\nKaty has been a strong voice at our firm from the first day she arrived. Her love for film and books influences all her work in support of the creative community, said Michael Donaldson.\nCrown has been with Donaldson Callif Perez since joining as a law clerk in 2014. She received her Doctor of Law (J.D.) from the UCLA School of Law. She has also served on the faculty of the UCLA School of Theater, Film & Televisions Professional Programs, and has been an advisor for the Womens Center for Creative Work labs.\nOver the past 13 years, Donaldson Callif Perez has build a profile within the world of entertainment, and particularly in documentary. The firm advises clients in all aspects of development, production, clearance and distribution matters related to independent film and television productions.\nFor the last eight years, Katy has been an instrumental part of our growth as a firm and the development of our firm culture, said Chris Perez. She is a tremendous advocate for her clients and has eagerly taken on some of the most impactful and most challenging projects in our office. Shes developed into a thought leader both within our firm and in the industry as a whole. Im proud to stand next to her as partner.\nSome of Crowns most recent projects include serving as clearance counsel on Jerry Seinfelds scripted project Unfrosted; Fyre Fest director Chris Smiths Netflix project Bad Vegan; and handling production legal and clearance work for A24s documentary division and clearance on their scripted projects. Her regular clients include Pineapple Street Studios podcasts, The Ringer and parent company Spotify, A24, Bron, Women In Film, and Film Independent.\nTheres a misconception that lawyers are always the people in the room saying you cant do that. I was drawn to DCP early in my career because of the firms focus on working with filmmakers, rather than against them, said Crown. Its important to the firm that we bring our clients creative vision to life without sugarcoating the law or the risks associated with their specific work. It also helps that I get to advise clients whose work I greatly admire, and on the types of projects I would enjoy as a viewer or listener", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["closing", "hiring", "ipo exit", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nTagged: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Will.I.Am Praises Plant-Based Diet For 'Transforming' His Life. 2\nminutes\nAmerican rapper Will.i.amhas credited a plant-based diet for transforming his life, and has invested in a vegan CBD brand,\nThe former Black Eyed Peas star ditched animal products back at the end of 2017 after a visit to the doctor prompted a lifestyle change.\nHealth benefits\nHe has spoken publicly about the health benefits of being plant-based, such as lowering his cholesterol, blood pressure and losing weight.\nThe cholesterol is down but it runs in my family, and diabetes, Will.i.am said following shortly after his switch to veganism.\nSo I want to get it under control now so I dont have to worry about it later on.\nWhat I crave now is juice\nNow, the star says his four-year journey of eschewing from animal products has really transformed his life.\nHe told the\nEvening Standard:\nOnce youve cleaned your body out of all the toxins, you dont have any cravings What I crave now is juice.\nIve always worked out but when you work out and eat right its a totally different realm. Not that Im trying to build muscle and get all swoll. I just wanted to tone up.\nVegan CBD\nLast year, Will.i.am along with a slew of other celebs including Justin Bieber invested in vegan CBD brand VAAY.\nThe German startup offers a range of products such as CBD-infused bath bombs and oils. Its products are available in both the UK and Germany.\nOne thing that I like is when people build brands and companies and products, that to me is heaven, The Voice judge added.\nGetting behind people and investing and helping other entrepreneurs get on and bring a product to market, that to me is calming and peace because thats all I know: hunting the dream.\nWhat is CBD for?\nAccording to VAAY the majority of German CBD consumers use CBD for pain relief, relaxation, general well-being, sleep aid, to fight inflammation, for muscle relaxation after sports (8,5%), and to promote concentration.\nHowever, the brand states: Yes, theres evidence which suggests that CBD may help for some conditions. But, theres more research needed to examine the effects of CBD on its own", "answer groups": ["funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "partnerships & alliances", "hiring", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Why YOU could benefit from Vitamin D supplements RIGHT NOW. View\ncomments\nWhile health has always been important, supporting our overall wellbeing is something that many more of us are thinking about these days.\nVitamin D is needed to maintain normal teeth and bones, for the normal functioning of our muscles, the process of cell division around the entire body and the normal function of our immune system.\nThe UK Department of Health now recommends that everybody takes a daily vitamin D supplement of 10ug (400IU) to contribute to the maintenance of normal bones and muscle function.\nOur body is able to synthesise Vitamin D when we get enough UV rays, but it can be difficult to get enough direct sun every day to ensure we have sufficient stores of Vitamin D.\nWhile many of us are staying indoors so much more, we might not be getting enough Vitamin D from sunshine exposure, so taking a Vitamin D supplement has never been so important.\nOur body is able to synthesise Vitamin D when we get enough UV rays, but it can be difficult to get enough direct sun to ensure we have sufficient stores of Vitamin D\nVitabiotics, the UK's No. 1 vitamin company, has pioneered Vitamin D supplements suitable for the entire family, including the UKs favourite Vitamin D,\nUltra-Vitamin D\n(1000IU or 2000IU), for those looking for more than the standard 10ug.\nThe Vitabiotics range also includes Wellkid Peppa Pig Vitamin D soft jellies for children and Wellbaby Vitamin D Drops for infants and babies.\nVitabiotics is also proud to be supporting front-line NHS workers with supply of its Ultra vitamin D including staff at Guys and St Thomas Hospital, Kings College Hospital and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trusts. The support has been extended to not only cover staff at key hospitals like these, but all 5,300-frontline staff of the London Ambulance Service and other services across the country.\nWhat does Vitamin D do?\nVitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that is essential in maintaining normal bones and teeth.\nIt is needed to regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate absorbed in the body and how it is used.\nVitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that is essential in maintaining healthy strong bones\nCalcium is essential not only forming and maintaining bones and teeth, but in the healthy functioning of our muscles, the process of cell division around the entire body.\nImportantly, vitamin D is now understood and proved to be vital for the normal function of our immune system.\nVitamin D is also important for the process of cell division around the entire body and the normal function of our immune system\nRemarkably, for older people, it seems Vitamin D also plays a role in our fundamental stability as studies have shown that taking 20g or more of Vitamin D daily helps to reduce the risk of falls resulting from postural instability and muscle weakness in those over the age of 60.\nHow can I get it?\nThere are three main ways the sun, through certain foods or through supplements.\nOften known as the 'sunshine vitamin' our body is able to synthesise Vitamin D when we get enough UV rays through sunlight.\nHowever, it can be difficult in the UK to get enough direct sun to ensure we have sufficient stores of Vitamin D.\nWith many of us spending the majority of our time indoors, Public Health England is recommending that we consider taking a Vitamin D supplement every day\nThis is especially true as the UV rays needed for us to make Vitamin D can not, in general penetrate through glass windows, so even if the sun is streaming into your home, office or car it will not help.\nFun-gi fact!\nMushrooms are one of the richest food sources of Vitamin D.\nIf you unwrap your mushrooms and leave them in direct sunlight for at least 60 minutes, its been proven to boost the level of Vitamin D contained within them.\nAnd while sunlight is a great way to keep your Vitamin D levels up, it is important not to expose yourself to too much direct UV rays due to the increased risk of sun damage to the skin and other risks.\nAlso sunscreen will limit vitamin D production, though it remains important to use a SPF suncream if you are planning to be out in the sun for any length of time.\nIt is possible to get Vitamin D through your diet, however the levels contained in foods are very small, and it can be really hard to obtain adequate amounts this way alone.\nHowever it is worth considering adding these healthy, and Vitamin D containing foods into your diet if you don't eat them already; oily fish, mushrooms, red meat and liver and egg yolks.\nIn addition to a healthy balanced diet, an easy and recommended way to make sure you are getting enough Vitamin D, is to take a daily supplement.\nTaking a quality daily supplement is a great way to ensure you are getting the vitamin D your body needs\nIn fact in 2016 Public Health England released official guidelines that adults and children over 5 years should consider taking a daily supplement of 10g of Vitamin D every day, especially during the autumn and winter.\nIn light of many of us now spending more time indoors, in 2020 the NHS website is now also recommending all of us consider taking Vitamin D each day.\nHowever not all supplements on the market are the same quality, and the amount of choice can leave us confused.\nSo what is the best form of Vitamin D to take?\nUltra Vitamin D 1000IU and 2000IU provide the highest grade D3\nThere are in fact two types of Vitamin D generally provided in supplements; D2 also known as Ergocalciferol, and D3 or Cholecalciferol", "answer groups": ["article publication", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "m&a", "executive appointment", "service & product providing"]}, {"question": "\nFor further information, please contact:\nIR enquiries\nCell: +44 7561 431 762\nEmail: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Nordic Nanovector R&D Day: Building Value from Betalutin and a pipeline of broader therapeutic opportunities targeting CD37. in the section: Investors & Media/Reports and Presentations/R&D Day 2021.\nMore detail on what will be presented is as follows:\nMr Skullerud, CEO will outline the strategic vision for Nordic Nanovector beyond the pivotal Phase\n2b\nPARADIGME trial for Betalutin, including its development in other NHL indications where Betalutin's unique profile could address unmet patient needs. Mr Skullerud will also introduce the emerging CD37-targeting opportunities within the company's portfolio.\nDr\n, MD, FACP - Abby and John Friend Professor of Cancer Research at the\nNorthwestern University\nFeinberg School of Medicine, whose research focus is to improve the outcome of patients with lymphoma - will discuss the remaining unmet medical needs in relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL), particularly in elderly and frail populations. He will also provide an update on the evolution of the treatment algorithm given the recent introduction of several novel therapies. He will look at the potential role of next generation radioimmunotherapies in addressing these challenges.\nPierre Dodion, MD, incoming Nordic Nanovector CMO, will discuss the planned expansion of the Betalutin clinical programme for earlier line treatment of FL and expansion to other NHL subtypes such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). He will also discuss how insights from earlier clinical studies are expected to inform development of Betalutin in these indications.\nMarco Renoldi, MD, COO, will discuss how targeted radioimmunotherapy can be integrated into NHL care pathways, focusing on an independent government affairs project - the Radioligand Therapy Readiness Assessment Framework - funded in part by Nordic Nanovector and led by The Health Policy Partnership (HPP) to realise the potential of radioligand therapy (radioimmunotherapy).\nLars Nieba, PhD, CTO, will discuss progress being made in preparing the CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls) component essential for the BLA (Biologics License Application) of Betalutin. He will also cover other key steps the company is undertaking to become launch ready, pending a successful clinical trial and regulatory process.\nMaureen Deehan\n, PhD, Head of Corporate Development and Strategy, and\nJostein Dahle\n, PhD, CSO, will discuss the rationale behind the company's focus on CD37 as a target, and the emerging opportunities for product development and value creation within its pipeline. These opportunities include:\nHumalutin, a radioimmunotherapy candidate based on a chimeric anti-CD37 antibody conjugated to lutetium-177 for NHL,\nAlpha37, an alpha-emitting radioimmunotherapy candidate based on a chimeric anti-CD37 antibody conjugated to lead-212, currently being explored with partner Oranomed for relapsed refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia,\nA fully humanized anti-CD37 antibody with potential in haematological cancers and autoimmune diseases, and\nA CD37 DOTA CAR-T cell opportunity in haematological cancers, which was recently the subject of a research collaboration with the\nUniversity of Pennsylvania\nA Q&A session will follow the presentations", "answer groups": [" event organization", "new initiatives & programs"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography", "hiring", "company description", "foundation"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Renton-based investor buys Vivacity Care Center building in Spokane Valley for $7.7 million. (509) 459-5581\nA Renton-based investor has purchased a building occupied by Vivacity Care Center in Spokane Valley.\nSpokane Valley Clinic LLC, whose principal is Soyam Vahora, CEO of Renton-based Aamir Stations, bought the building for $7.7 million earlier this month from Spokane investor John Pariseau, according to Spokane County Assessors Office records.\nPremera Blue Cross and Vera Whole Health opened the 12,000-square-foot Vivacity Care Center, at 16009 E. Indiana Ave., last year, marking the third location in the Spokane area.\nThe center is part of Premeras plan to expand advanced primary care services in Spokane. Premera and Vera Whole Health opened the first Vivacity Care Center at 9001 N. Country Homes Blvd. in January 2020.\nClayton J. Brown, Christopher Edwards and Ruthanne Romero, investment specialists in commercial real estate brokerage Marcus & Millichaps Seattle office, represented the seller.\nVahora was not immediately available for comment on the purchase.\nPremera Blue Cross holds a long-term lease for the Vivacity Care Center in the building, according to a Marcus & Millichap company release.\nPremera Blue Cross did not respond to a request for comment on its lease agreement with Vahora.\nMountlake Terrace-based Premera Blue Cross is a nonprofit independent licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. It provides health benefits and services to more than 2 million people.\nThe Spokesman-Review Newspaper\nLocal journalism is essential.\nGive directly to The Spokesman-Review's Northwest Passages community forums series -- which helps to offset the costs of several reporter and editor positions at the newspaper -- by using the easy options below. Gifts processed in this system are not tax deductible, but are predominately used to help meet the local financial requirements needed to receive national matching-grant funds.\nSubscribe to the Coronavirus newsletter\nGet the days latest Coronavirus news delivered to your inbox by subscribing to our newsletter", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "product updates", "alliance & partnership", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nMacroTra What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Special Initiative Undertaken By ICICI Lombard For Underprivileged Children. 0\nWe all know that the years spent in school are one of the most important times in every childs life. Almost every parent leaves no stone unturned to give the best education to their children. But too often one important learning tool that may be overlooked is a childs vision. According to WHO report, more than 90% of visually impaired people come from the economically weaker section of the society, and this puts a lot of underprivileged children at risk.\nPoor eye care among underprivileged children is fast emerging as a critical issue in India, especially because they do not have access to an eye examination and a pair of glasses. They also tend to be more susceptible to eye infections and diseases because of poor dietary habits & unhealthy lifestyle. But these ocular challenges can be easily prevented, treated and corrected if caught early on. Therefore, early screening for detection is extremely important to tackle this rising vision problem and one such endeavour we came across is the ICICI Lombard Caring Hands initiative.\nHere I present the interview of Jerry Jose, Head Human Resources, ICICI Lombard General Insurance speaking about Caring Hands, a unique CSR initiative and employee volunteering program run by ICICI Lombard. Excerpts of an interview:\nCan you please tell us more about ICICI Lombard Caring Hands campaign?\nCaring Hands aims at providing preventive healthcare services in the area of eye-vision to underprivileged children. Studies have shown that 80% of what a child learns is processed visually. When a childs vision suffers, chances are his school-work does, too. These vision problems often go undetected in children from less-affluent families which affect their learning ability, personality, and adjustment in school. Children are the builders of our nation and ensuring quality vision for children in their formative years is a challenging task. The Caring Hand initiative is inclusive in every sense of the word. It ensures a better vision for children, thereby facilitating a brighter future for them.\nWhat is the history and motivation behind ICICI Lombards caring hands campaign?\nAt ICICI Lombard, we have continuously strived to go beyond our business focus and contribute to further the well- being of the community in which we are present. We have taken multiple steps to meet this objective through specific initiatives in the areas of Preventive Healthcare, Road Safety, and Disaster support. The scope of the initiative was sharpened to focus on preventive care of eyesight. The idea was to make the exercise more tangible as students who were diagnosed with poor vision could be provided with corrective vision spectacles and thereby offer a solution to their eyesight problem. The eye check-up camps though planned over two months are conducted across schools all over the country on a single day.\nWhy is it invested in the eye-care sector?\nThe Company identified a cause, i.e. eye problems in kids and worked towards offering a solution to the problem. Given that children are our countrys future, it made a lot of sense to focus on this age group. We could thus build a sustainable activity wherein every year new children reaching the particular age band can be diagnosed, and their issue of poor vision addressed.\nTell us a description of how the programme works.\nThe employees of ICICI Lombard entirely manage the activity. The Company provides the guidelines to ensure consistency across branches and provide the necessary support. Employees volunteer to take the lead from the various offices and locations of ICICI Lombard. The Captains further form and lead a team of employees. Each Captain with his/her team is responsible for one eye check-up camp.\nTeams are responsible for:\nObtaining permission from schools serving underprivileged children to conduct free eye check-up camps for students\nArranging ophthalmologists (eye-specialists)/ eye doctors for each camp\nCollating the vision data as diagnosed by the ophthalmologists and sharing data on children requiring spectacles\nPlacing the order and collecting ready spectacles (the company has entered into a central tie-up with reputed spectacle manufacturers to provide spectacles)\nHanding over spectacles to the school authorities\nThe Companys CSR Committee, Marketing & Corporate Communication team and HR ensure constant communication and facilitating coordination between branches at various stages of the activity.\nWhat are the areas that the campaign works towards reaching?\nThe initiative takes place across India. The campaign focuses on ensuring that underprivileged children who otherwise do not have access to quality health check-up especially in the area of eyesight are provided with the right diagnosis and solution in the form of spectacles. The initiative focuses on children in the age group of 9 13 years who are in the formative years of their career.\nWhat is the reach of the programme?\nICICI Lombards employee-driven CSR activity has reached out to underprivileged children for five years in a row. Over the last seven years, the initiative has touched over 175,000 children across 100 cities in the country. In the process, we have provided free spectacles to over 20,000 children thereby helping them with a clear vision and the confidence to aspire for a bright future.\nIn the last seven years, we have catered to across 273 schools in nearly 100 cities. Last year, the activity helped identify 5874 cases of poor vision that were provided with corrective lenses free of cost. Over 2,500 employees participated from various locations forming teams that joined hands to plan and execute the entire activity. With the Companys long-standing commitment towards this unique initiative, ICICI Lombard continues to increase the scope of its activity with each passing year.\nWhat have been the results of the campaign?\nICICI Lombards employee-driven CSR activity has reached out to underprivileged children for five years in a row. Over the last seven years, the initiative has touched over 175,000 children across 100 cities in the country. In the process, we have provided free spectacles to over 20,000 children thereby helping them with a clear vision and the confidence to aspire for a bright future. This day has now been earmarked as the Caring Hands Day at ICICI Lombard. This initiative has also been recognized by the Guinness World Records (Record created Most eye tests in one-hour multiple venues is 1526).\nTell us a few success stories of the campaign.\nOver the last 7 years, the initiative has been reaching out to more and more students. Starting with 11,000 children in the first year, i.e. 2011, Total kids screened\n36217\n5582\nkids till date.\nSecondly, around 50% of the employees participate every year which shows the overall importance that the initiative has been able to garner within the company.\nDisclaimer: The views expressed by the interviewee in this feature are entirely his own and does not necessarily reflect the views of MacroTraveller", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["article publication", "patent publication", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Laguna Woods HOA says rise in insurance costs wont affect 2023 fees Orange County Register. The fountain in front of Clubhouse 1 in Laguna Woods Village.(Courtesy of VMS Inc.)\nBy Brooke Becher| brookebecher@gmail.com|\nMarch 27, 2022 at 7:55 p.m.\n| UPDATED:\nMarch 27, 2022 at 7:56 p.m.\nThird Mutual President Robert Mutchnick recently reminded members that the condo board is due to renew its property insurance premium June 1.\nAs you know, our property insurance premiums have jumped each of the past few years because of the reevaluation of property, our separation from United [Mutual] and the large insurance increases demanded by the insurance industry, Mutchnick said during a meeting of the board March 15.\nThe company AJ Gallagher will be brokering the insurance deal, he said.\nLuckily, Mutchnick said, things may be looking up: As for the good news, Third believes we have enough in the operating budget to cover the cost of insurance and therefore believe that insurance will not have any additional impact on the [assessment] fee for 2023.\nAt the start of this year, Third residents experienced a 20% increase of $93 the maximum legally allotted amount an HOA is permitted to increase assessments in one year in monthly assessments. The average Third member now pays $777.12 per manor per month.\nOccupancy fee\nThird board members agreed to a new rule that will charge a $50 occupancy fee, per manor per month, for each additional occupant beyond two people.\nOfficials said the operating budget is based on two-person households, so additional people need to be accounted for.\nBoth the Golden Rain Foundation and United Mutual already have additional occupancy fees in place, charging $100 and $50 respectively.\nThe additional fee will be used to mitigate expenses related to the additional occupants, such as increased utility rates particularly water and wear-and-tear of common areas, according to a Village Management Services staff report.\nAn estimated 73 condos in Third Mutual house more than two non-lessee occupants. As proposed, the occupancy fee is projected to generate about $43,800 per year.\nOf the 67 live-in care providers in Third Mutual, 26 are third or fourth persons of residence. If applied to those 26, the fee would generate an additional income of $15,600.\nThe total of these two sums estimate an additional annual income of $59,400 for Third.\nDirector Annie McCary said there has been overwhelming feedback from residents, in-person and via email, in favor of the resolution.\nThe board unanimously approved the resolution. It takes immediate effect.\nAlteration fee schedule\nOn second reading, the Third board members tabled a resolution that would have implemented a revised manor alteration fee schedule and raise several fees.\nAlterations are optional modifications to a unit that require Thirds consent, as defined in a staff report.\nAs proposed, the charge a member pays upon variance request was scheduled to increase by $20 jumping from $50 to $70.\nFurthermore, the Basic Variance fee would have been set at $380, the Complex Variance fee at $662, the Unauthorized Alteration fee at $350, and the Resale Inspection fee would have increased from $115 to $220.\nDirector Jim Cook said many of the fees are antiquated. He said the schedule may have once served a purpose to regulate alterations within the Village before Laguna Woods became a city but in the 23 years since incorporation, inspectors are no longer sparse.\nWe are duplicating services that are done by the city, he said. Most of [the alteration fees] should be eliminated.\nHe added that many of the variances listed should be recategorized as mutual consents. Im going to vote no on this until we revise what we require variances for.\nThird member Judith McCourt, who said she once served as a deputy director for a large Orange County organization and still works full-time as president of a corporation, coined Thirds schedule a double-fee system that up charges four to five times city rates.\nFor example, a standard variance fee to install a new central HVAC in Third costs $662. This would be paid in addition to the city cost of $141.\nStaff had projected $83,000 in additional revenue from the proposed alterations fee schedule.\nResident Lisa Mills, a former city council member and former CEO of Orange County Transportation Authority, pointed to the lengthy process of variance approval.\nThis system is very broken, Mills said, listing the various stops, double fees and number of months a resident must wait.\nOn the outside, Mills paid one fee and made one stop at city hall, she said. Residents here who are older, maybe more frail are asked to go through a very tough process.\nBoard members sent the fee schedule back to the committee level for discussion.\nCOVID-19 update\nThe adjusted daily case rate in Orange County has continued to fall, on Tuesday reported at 3.7 new cases per 100,000 residents, according to the OC Health Care Agency.\nThe testing positivity rate the number of swabs and spit tests that return positive the coronavirus stands at 1.9%.\nThe health equity rate the test positivity of disproportionately impacted neighborhoods follows at 2.3%.\nIn the city of Laguna Woods, public health officials reported 1,057 COVID-19 cases as of Tuesday. Laguna Woods has now had 75 coronavirus-related fatalities reported.\nResale report\nThe average resale price for a unit in Third Mutual in February was $507,520, up from $396,818 in February 2021, according to a VMS staff report. Resales year to date numbered 76, up from 71 the year prior. Sales volume in February was $12.7 million compared with $12 million in February 2021", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "foundation", "alliance & partnership", "hiring"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Links: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Green Peak Innovations Launches Michigan Cannabis Brand. covering medical cannabis cultivation, processingand provisioning in Michigan, rolled out its North Cannabis Company brand Thursday.\nWhat Happened\nTheNorth Cannabis Company brand will include only products made and distributed in Michigan, the company said.\nGreen Peak Innovations has already shipped flower, pre-rolls, wax and shatter under the new brand name, sales director Sunni Marsden said in a statement.\nTen provisioning centers in Michigan have already committed to carry the new brand, including Ann Arbor's Exclusive Provisioning Center and Om of Medicine;Bay City's Elite Wellness and Nature's Medicine;Flint's Common Citizen and Michigan Organic Solutions; Lansing's Homegrown;Pinconning's High Quality Provisioning Center;Bangor's Green Door;and Roger City's Meds Caf.\nWhy It's Important\nGreen Peak Innovations has the potential to become one of the largest cannabis companies in Michigan.\nThe company is headquartered in Windsor Township.\nIn March, the company\ncompleted an oversubscribed mezzanine debt round\n, raising more than $30 million that it plans to use on expanding its Windsor Township facility.\nMichiganis in the process of legalizing recreational cannabis after the move was approved by voters in November.\nState officials arein the process of drafting rules for the adult-use market and expect to present them next month.\nWhat's Next\nMarsden said Green Peak will begin shipping other products such as vapes, chewsand gummies in the coming weeks", "answer groups": [" new initiatives or programs", "product launching & presentation", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["participation in an event", "product updates", "department establishment"]}, {"question": "com\nABOUT FOSSILABS, LLC\nFossiLabs is a privately held company specializing in the process of engineering porous bone-like scaffolding structures with polyether ether ketone (PEEK), utilizing the additive manufacturing FFF process to enhance medi\nFor the original version on PRWeb visit: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Curiteva, Inc. Acquires FossiLabs, LLC: Redefines Active Implant. Curiteva acquires FossiLabs, innovator of a process for 3D printing PEEK medical implants.\nHUNTSVILLE, Ala. (PRWEB) December 17, 2020\nHuntsville, Alabama-based spine manufacturer Curiteva announced a market-shifting transaction with the acquisition of FossiLabs, a company focused on the development of Fused Filament Fabrication 3D printed PEEK medical implants. The innovative start-up developed a proprietary process to fabricate scaffolding structures with controlled areas of macroporosity and advanced hydrophilicity to increase surface area and promote osseointegration. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.\nFossiLabs founder and inventor Todd Reith joined the company as Director of Emerging Technology and will lead the development and commercialization of this patent-pending transformative technology. I am very excited to partner with the talented individuals at Curiteva. Their multi-disciplined experienced team, diverse resources, and unparalleled focus on advancing patient care is a perfect complement for accelerating the commercialization of this novel technology, commented Reith.\nThe interbody fusion market is estimated to be $2.6B and PEEK still represents 62% of implanted devices. Curiteva contends this will be the first 3D printed PEEK interbody device offering an interconnected porous structure and a bioactive surface for optimal healing and radiographic evaluation. Surgeons want an implant that participates in healing and promotes fusion in the interbody space. Titanium still creates imaging challenges and is not an ideal modulus for bone. This represents a remarkable step forward in our options for achieving fusion in the interbody space, stated Austin based spine surgeon Randy Dryer, MD.\nCuriteva recently announced a successful private funding round of $20M and indicated one key focus for the capital was to secure innovative technology. The acquisition of FossiLabs reflects Curitevas continued commitment to developing and investing in disruptive technologies, said Eric Linder, Chief Technology Officer. Our plan is to work diligently to execute on a robust domestic and international IP strategy, engage key opinion leaders in optimizing implant design, and submit for FDA 510(k) clearance in 2021, added Linder.\nABOUT CURITEVA\nCuriteva is a privately held technology and manufacturing company dedicated to advancing spine surgery and improving clinical outcomes by partnering with providers and suppliers to deliver innovative and intuitive implant systems to the market. Our business is founded on a commitment to building world-class manufacturing, accelerating research and development, maintaining lean operational discipline, and delivering novel technology to meet the evolving needs of our customers and the patients they serve. For more information, please visit http://www.curiteva", "answer groups": ["m&a", " funding round", " patent publication", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "regulatory approval"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Madison VR developer switches its focus to medical training. Save\nFor years, the company ArchVirtual has been bringing architecture into the realm of virtual reality. Now, its trying to do the same for job training, and training medical professionals in particular.\nArchVirtual recently launched a software platform called Acadicus a virtual reality tool that medical training facilities can use to teach and simulate procedures for aspiring nurses, emergency response technicians and clinicians. Two weeks after the projects launch, company co-founder Jon Brouchoud said hes already working with the UW Health Clinical Simulation Program to implement the technology there.\nWith Acadicus, you can put on a headset, and be immersed with a medical expert, Brochoud said. Youre not a static observer, a passive observer of a video. Youre engaged in the learning. Youre able to pick up instruments and follow along.\nBrouchoud said that the software could be applied to environmental job training in industries from construction to automotive repair. However, the company is primarily targeting medical training facilities for Acadicus' launch.\nSchools that buy Acadicus get a library of virtual reality training simulations. A student pops on a virtual reality headset, picks a course, and find themselves in an operating room, an examination room, an ambulance, or any one of the softwares other pre-built environments. They would be able to see the avatars of other students participating in the course, as well as that of an instructor and have access to an inventory of tools, from scalpels to valve masks, as well as interactive assets like human dummies to practice procedures on.\nFrom there, theyd be able to follow along the instructor as they walk through a medical procedure. Currently, Brouchoud said the technology is well-suited for teaching broad-stroke lessons things like establishing a sterile field on a patient, or walking through the fundamentals of emergency response. In later iterations of the software, he hopes to enable more sophisticated lessons, such as complex surgical techniques.\nBut the real innovation that sets Acadicus apart, said Brouchoud, is the ability for instructors to record themselves giving demonstrations in Acadicus.\nAn instructor literally walks in, hits record, and Acadicus records everything theyre saying, everything theyre doing, said Brouchoud. They can save that training into the library...and someone else can come in and see face-to-face this instructor talking.\nBrouchoud said this is an innovation in hands-on health care education. Up until this point, facilities have been investing in sim-labs brick-and-mortar recreations of health care environments with high-tech equipment and mannequins or acquire off-the-shelf or commissioned VR simulations that lack specificity or customizability.\nA product like Acadicus, said Brouchoud, means that a facility wouldnt have to invest millions in expensive sim-lab equipment, or commission a VR developer every time they want to make a new course in virtual reality.\nWeve realized that, if we really wanna make a difference in the industry, the time and cost and complexity has to come down, he said.\nAlthough Brouchoud and ArchVirtual have made job training software before, the new focus on Acadicus represents a pivot: Up until recently, Brouchouds and ArchVirtuals specialty had been in bringing architecture to life in VR. The company would render 3D models of basketball arenas, condos, or even Madison office buildings for either project managers or members of the public to experience firsthand.\nBrouchoud decision to focus on medical training came about after the death of his father in 2017. He said that during his dads hospitalization, he learned about the shortage of nurses and medical professionals across the country and moreover, the shortage of trainers that can lead to skills deficits among those in the health care industry.\nLearning about that skills deficit profoundly shook him, he said. He even considered leaving ArchVirtual to go to medical school himself. However, he ultimately decided to use his existing skillset in VR development to help fix the problem.\nHe also decided to name the software after the Latin name of the Saw Whet owl, the bird that his father had spent his career studying.\nBrouchoud launched the software at a medical simulation conference in San Antonio in January. He said it was met with strongly positive feedback, and that he is already working with a number of early partners on implementing the technology.\nTheres a couple of people nibbling around this from an academic perspective, said Brouchoud. I would say theres no other tool like it on the market", "answer groups": ["expanding industry", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "new initiatives & programs", "regulatory approval", "other"]}, {"question": "\nContact Us: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Sino Biological and Ainnocence Partner to Offer Next-Generation Antibody Development CRO Services. Sino Biological Inc.\nMar 24 2022\nBeijing, China March 22, 2022 Sino Biological, Inc. (Sino Biological or the Company), a biotechnology company listed on the Shenzhen stock exchange subsidiary ChiNext (SZSE: 301047), which provides biological research reagents and related technical contract research services, is pleased to announce a CRO services partnership with Ainnocence, Inc. of San Jose, California.\nImage credit: Sino Biological\nUnder the terms of this partnership, Sino Biological will add Ainnocences cutting-edge artificial intelligence-based prediction technology to its current antibody development CRO services offering. The AI-based platform enables fast, efficient, and accurate prediction of antibody-\nantigen\ninteraction, including binding affinity assessment. This empowers Ainnocence, using computer-based algorithms, to accurately design antibodies to be developed and manufactured by Sino Biological for clients worldwide. Financial terms were not disclosed.\nDr. Rob Burgess, Sino Biologicals Chief Business Officer, stated The addition of Ainnocences AI-based antibody-antigen binding prediction technology will enable Sino Biological to further enhance its antibody development CRO services offering, thus saving customers precious development time and ensuring antibody-antigen binding affinities that meet their strict demands. We look forward to working with the Ainnocence team to offer next-generation antibody design and development services.\nIm confident that our partnership with Sino Biological will catalyze Ainnocences Biologics AI design applications in the biotech industry, and ultimately accelerate clinical translation of cutting-edge medical technologies. stated Dr. Lurong Pan, Ainnocence CEO.\nAbout Sino Biological:\nSino Biological Announces Successful Closing of 4.98 Billion RMB Public Offering and Listing on the Shenzhen ChiNext Stock Exchange\nVideo credit: Sino Biological\nSino Biological is an international reagent supplier and service provider. The company specializes in recombinant protein production and antibody development. All of Sino Biological's products are independently developed and produced, including recombinant proteins, antibodies and cDNA clones. Sino Biological is the researchers' one-stop technical services shop for the advanced technology platforms they need to make advancements. In addition, Sino Biological offer pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology firms pre-clinical production technology services for hundreds of monoclonal antibody drug candidates.\nAbout Ainnocence\nAinnocence is a next-generation biotech company with a fast, self-evolving AI drug design platform. The companys third-generation AI system delivers lightening-fast virtual screening and multi-objective pharmacological profile optimization for small molecule, antibody and other complex therapeutic modalities. This platform provides a computational screening capacity of up to 10^10 protein sequences or chemical compounds within hours. The end results are a short list of candidates with very high wet lab hit rate, and a dramatically reduced discovery time and cost", "answer groups": [" service & product providing", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "support & philanthropy", "expanding geography", "closing"]}, {"question": "m.com/explore/tags/norwalkmoms/ (John Levin) What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Norwalk photos: Rebel Daughter Day in Art Park. Tweet\nThe Art Park Pop Up Market around 1:30 p.m. Tuesday. (John Levin)\nLiz Perpek, marketing director for Frannys Farmacy in Westport. Westport is the first franchise of this hemp and CBD products producer and distributor with a store on 33 Elm Street. They have an application pending for a THC products license in Westport. The store has partnered with Easton Grows to locally grow hemp products on town of Easton owned farm land. (John Levin)\nNORWALK, Conn. John Levin took these photos Tuesday in the Isaacs Street parking lot owned by real estate broker Jason Milligan.\nRebel Daughter Cookies has taken the space formerly solely occupied by Nutty Bunny, on the eastern side of the former Leonard Street municipal parking lot. Owner Anna Grossman organized a women-owned business pop-up and about 30 companies attended, Milligan said. It was a grand opening that coincided with International Womens Day.\nShe was pleasantly surprised with the number of businesses that wanted to participate and with the turnout, Milligan said. It seems like the visitors and businesses would be interested in doing it again.\nGrossman, a Wilton resident, started the business in November 2019, and opened its bakery and pickup location at 21 Isaacs St. last month, Levin said. Her cookies are f amazing I accused her of being a crack dealer.\nInside Rebel Daughter, where other businesses were selling stuff: Nutty Bunny non-dairy ice cream, Sylvias Kitchen, and others. (John Levin)\nJenifer Milano of The Vintage Horse. Shes from Trumbull. (John Levin)\nProducts from Frannys Farmacy in Westport. (John Levin)\nFrom left, Chelsea Daniel, Alix Daher, and Anne Grossman. (John Levin)\nProducts from Frannys Farmacy in Westport. (John Levin)\n(John Levin)\nJohn Levin said he tasted this AMAZING Chili Oil product made by Norwalker Aya Forster and its labeling is accurate. (John Levin)\nNorwalker Aya Forster and her Chili Oil products. (John Levin)\nProducts from Frannys Farmacy in Westport. (John Levin)\nNorwalker Ilana Eck, founded Stylish Spoon to offer gluten free amazing baked goods, and will be opening a production facility on Water Street in April or May, John Levin said. At left is Norwalker Genie Morris, loyal longtime Stylish Spoon customer and also the founder and manager of Norwalk Moms, Instagram at: https://www.instagram.com/norwalkmoms/?hl=en and https://www.instagr", "answer groups": ["regulatory approval", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "foundation", "subsidiary establishment", "funding round"]}, {"question": " For development-related inquiries, interested parties can contact us at\n[emailprotected] What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Snowsports Industries America. Industry Press Releases\nMarch 2, 2022, from Alpine-X\nWe believe everyone should have the opportunity to experience the joy of snowsports, regardless of location or weather. Thats why were excited to announce that we have signed a letter of intent with a dynamic partner to co-develop Alpine-X branded resorts in\nTEXAS\n! Get ready to ski in a ten-gallon hat because were bringing snow year-round to the Lone Star State.\nAlthough we cant disclose all the details just yet, under the agreement, our companies will form a joint venture to evaluate and select sites, structure and source development capital, and oversee the design of the resorts. All properties developed under the joint venture will be branded as Alpine-X Indoor Snowsports Resorts, and we will operate the resorts under long-term management and license agreements.\nFrom our CEO, John Emery:\nThis is part of our growth strategy that targets major North American metropolitan areas. We are aiming to establish a footprint of Alpine-X branded resorts and the dynamic Texas market is a perfect spot for our properties. Were excited to join forces with this group in Texas, who are passionate and experienced in the development, delivery, and operation of indoor entertainment venues.\nThey say Everythings Bigger in Texas so our plans for the state are big, too! Were initially planning to develop at least two resorts in Texas, with the potential for additional properties. Each resort will feature an enormous indoor snow area, with dedicated areas for skiing/boarding, teaching, and snow play; a hotel; multiple food and beverage options; an indoor adventure area; and other amenities and facilities.\nWere excited to work with our Texas development partner as they work with us to grow Alpine-X into a family/group-friendly, inclusive brand across North America. Weve been working with our partner for several months as they identify and analyze potential sites around the state. We look forward to providing the Alpine-X experience to communities in Texas locations typically without snow or convenient, year-round access to snowsports. Our resorts will be designed for the entire community and offer experiences for everyone, inside and outside the snowdome, regardless of skill level.\nAnd, of course, our Texas resorts will include all of our programs designed to grow the community of snowsports participants and supporters, including Snow Play for All.We also have our Alpine-X Club a free membership program geared towards building a participating community of snowsports enthusiasts; and we currently have a stock offeringto the general public, allowing investors to own a piece of our company for less than the cost of a day of skiing or snowboarding at most outdoor resorts.\nWe expect to be able to finalize our proposed sites in Texas and announce them in the next few months. Be sure to join our email list if you havent already to stay in the loop as we start this next part of our growth story for Alpine-X!\nLastly, in addition to Texas, Alpine-X is looking for other potential locations across North America as the company continues to expand", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", " ipo exit", "expanding geography", " executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval"]}, {"question": "\nProduce Giveaway Event Schedule: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "CareSouth hosting produce giveaways in Baton Rouge area through Friday. |\nAugust 10, 2020 at 10:16 AM CDT - Updated August 14 at 12:41 PM\n(WAFB) - Baton Rouge Mayor-President Sharon Weston Broome helped distribute produce at CareSouths giveaway and presented the company with a plaque Friday, Aug. 14.\nIts a great way for us to celebrate health center week and give back to the community, said Michelle McCalope, marketing and communications director for CareSouth. Its such a hard time, difficult time as this pandemic. Families as hurting. A lot of people are unemployed and furloughed and we just want to do something to give back to the community.\nCareSouth Medical and Dental hosted drive-thru produce giveaways at its clinics in Baton Rouge, Zachary, Plaquemine and Donaldsonville Aug. 11 through 14.\nCareSouth produce giveaway (Source: WAFB)\nThe company is hosting the giveaways as part of its National Health Center Week celebration. National Health Center Week is an effort to raise awareness about the important role that Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) play in the community, according to organizers.\nNational Health Center Week is an opportunity to celebrate the hard work of our staff and medical professionals who are helping to make health care accessible to everyone especially those who are underserved, said CEO Matthew Valliere. Were proud of the work that we do and we want to showcase the impact CareSouth has in serving our communities.\nOrganizers say each event is free and open to the public. Fruit and vegetables will be distributed to those who show up on a first-come, first-serve basis", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "ipo exit", "executive appointment", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nWhat sets us apart What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Institute of Optics expands graduate recruitment amid soaring national demand : NewsCenter. Institute of Optics expands graduate recruitment amid soaring national demand\nFebruary 24, 2022\nPhD student Katie Dunn prepares samples for imaging cells using a quantitative phase microscope. I feel like Im part of a unique community at the Institute of Optics, she says. (University of Rochester / J. Adam Fenster)\nTwo new awards will help the University of Rochester prepare a more diverse pipeline of optics professionals.\nTwo recent awards will enable the Institute of Opticsat the University of Rochesterto help address a pressing need for highly trained PhD graduates, including women and underrepresented minorities, in industry, research labs, and academia.\nA $900,000 GAANN (\n) grant from the US Department of Education will pay for six PhD fellowships, at least half of which will be awarded to students from underrepresented groups.\nApply for optics PhD fellowship\nEmail Kat Davies\n, graduate coordinator for the Institute of Optics, to learn more.\nAnother $500,000, to be matched by the University, comes from SPIE, the international society of optics and photonics. The SPIE Endowment Matching Programaward will initially provide stipend and travel support for an additional student but is expected to grow.\nFounded in 1929, the institute is the oldest optics degree-granting program in the nation. To date, it has granted approximately 2,800 degreesabout half of all optics degrees awarded in the US. The institute currently enrolls 102 PhD students.\nRochester has a long history of successful optics education, and many of todays leading optics researchers have emerged from its Institute of Optics. This endowed fund is a critical partnership between SPIE and the University of Rochester, one that will help ensure that pipeline of leaders continues for generations to come, says SPIE president Anita Mahadevan-Jansen.\nTremendous momentum in optics PhD recruiting\nOne of the most important aspects of a gift like this, says Thomas Brown interim institute director and professor of optics, is that it allows us to invest in the best, to continue searching for future Nobel laureates, entrepreneurs, and engineers from all over the world to come to Rochester and be part of our growing family.\nIn 2018, Donna Strickland 89 (PhD) was awarded a Nobel Prizefor work she did at the Universitys Laboratory for Laser Energetics as an optics PhD. Strickland is only the third woman to receive the prize in physicsand her accomplishment was a watershed moment for our PhD program, Brown says. It imparted tremendous momentum in our recruiting.\nThe present employment prospects for optics PhD graduates are excellent, because they are recruited from such a broad range of industries, universities, and government laboratories, Brown says. The requests we receive from prospective employers hungering for fresh PhD students continue at a steady pace. All our recent graduates have found employment before or within a month of graduation, and PhD graduates who are US citizens or permanent residents are in particular demand.\nMany of the institutes graduates find employment in the Rochester region, a hub of more than 90 optics-related companies. AIM Photonics which designs and manufactures complex photonic integrated circuits, and entrepreneurial initiatives such as Luminate which provides startup funding for optics-related initiatives, have cemented Rochesters international reputation in the field.\nCollaboration in the classroom and the lab\nOptics PhD candidate Kareem Garriga researches terahertz electromagnetic waves. The facilities afforded to us and the freedom we have as graduate students allow us to tackle problems and delve deeper in all subfields, he says. (University of Rochester photo / J. Adam Fenster)\nWith its four-to-one ratio of PhD students to faculty, the institute prides itself on fostering a close-knit community. It does so through open-door access to faculty, weekly informal gatherings, as well as annual departmental picnics, holidays parties, and family-friendly events. Despite recent necessary curtailments due to COVID, two current PhD students say theyve benefited from the collegial atmosphere.\nI feel like Im part of a unique community at the institute, says Katie Dunn. When youre taking first-year classes and studying for preliminary exams, its not a competitive environment. Everyone is trying to help each other out.\nFellow optics PhD student Kareem Garriga concurs and adds, We have a very collaborative environment, with access to cutting-edge technology, he says. The facilities afforded to us and the freedom we have as graduate students allow us to tackle problems and delve deeper in all subfields, from quantum optics to laser fusion.\nGarriga, for example, is researching terahertz electromagnetic waves in the lab of Xi-Cheng Zhang a leading expert in field. The waves are hard to detect, but could have interesting applications, for example in detecting drugs or explosives behind barriers, which is why Garriga is working to create a detector to improve the characterization of THz sources.\nDunn, meanwhile, is a member of the research group of Andrew Berger an expert in developing optical contrast mechanisms to analyze untreated cells and tissues. She is using a technique called angularly resolved light scattering to learn more about the organelles within single cells, which could have applications for improved medical diagnosis and treatment.\nBoth students say they appreciate the supportive mentoring theyve received. Berger, for example, really cares about his studentsthat theyre flourishing as researchers, and also as people, Dunn says. He gives us a lot of his time. Another big supporter has been Jim Fienup, the Robert E. Hopkins Professor of Optics, who has taught several of Dunns favorite courses and helped her with the Fourier processing she uses as part of her research. He is on her thesis committee.\nGarriga says that Zhang has been great because hes given me a lot of freedom to approach topics on my own accord and in my own time. Ive also learned a lot about mentoring and grant writing from him. Yiwen E, a research associate in the lab, has helped Garriaga develop his skills as a lab researcher and teaching mentor, he adds. She also taught me how to keep up with the latest trends and how to always be innovating in a field that continues to move as fast as our does.\nBoth say they wholeheartedly encourage aspiring optics PhD students to consider enrolling at the institute. If youre interested in optics, its definitely a wonderful place to be, Dunn says. You are surrounded by a lot of other students and faculty who are very interested in similar things. And everyone is on board to help you with whatever you want to learn", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " support & philanthropy", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "product updates", "event organization"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Senior Support Worker Kirby Muxloe Leicestershire. Apply for this job now\nJob Description\nAre you passionate about delivering high quality, respectful, and person centred care and support to individuals in Glenfield and Kirby Muxloe, Leicestershire? Creative Support are looking for an enthusiastic, motivated and experienced individual to join us as a Senior Support Worker and lead a passionate and friendly team of staff across 2 of our services, supporting four gentlemen and four ladies living in their own homes.\nOur services in Glenfield and Kirby Muxloe, Leicestershire provide excellent care and support to individuals with learning disabilities. As Senior Support Worker, you will work alongside the Team Leader, Service Manager and Registered Area Manager to assist with the coordination and delivery of high quality outcome-focussed, person centred support to enable the tenants to achieve greater independence.\nYour role will include:\nDeveloping and leading the team to enable the tenants to have a high quality of life, and to be important and valued members of the local community,\nBe responsible for ensuring personal, practical, emotional and social support is delivered at all times,\nYour full time hours will be worked flexibly according to the needs of the service including daytimes, evenings, weekends and bank holidays.\nAt least two years' experience in providing care and support to people with a range of learning disabilities is essential for this role. As Senior Support Worker, compassion, motivation, diligence and an ability to empathise with individuals is also essential.\nYou must be warm, well organised, and conscientious and demonstrate good verbal and written communication skills. You will be required to work on a rota, undertaking early, late and weekend duties as required.\nBenefits of working with Creative Support:\nFree 24/7 counselling and employee support programme,\nCompetitive pay and a pension with company contribution and 28 days annual leave,\nCompany paid enhanced DBS for all staff,\nAll our staff are supported 24/7 by our out of hour's teams.\nCreative Support is a passionate, inclusive, and anti-racist organisation. We are a Stonewall Diversity Champion, Disability Confident Employer who have recently received Investors in People Silver award. We actively encourage applications from candidates from all backgrounds and cultures.\nWe would encourage you to apply to us even if you have not yet had your COVID 19 vaccine. You will be required to have your first COVID 19 vaccine prior to your interview and your second vaccine before you start work with us. This time will be used to complete post interview recruitment checks.\nWe would encourage candidates to apply to this post as soon as possible. If we receive a large number of applications we may process these prior to the deadline", "answer groups": [" hiring", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["other", "m&a", "investment in public company", "support & philanthropy"]}, {"question": "jpg) What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "IBI Group Invests in Environmental Monitoring Solution Ecosystem Informatics Inc.. TSX: IBG\n) announced it has taken a minor equity position in Ecosystem Informatics Inc.(ESI), a private company specializing in environmental monitoring, diagnostics and pollution abatement solutions designed to help clients protect the environment and enhance business performance. Similar to IBI Groups investment in SWTCH an electric vehicle charging and energy management solutions provider, this investment is reflective of the firms commitment to taking action against climate change and improving the environment. The partnership will enable ESI to expand its reach to urban municipalities and businesses around the world mandated to make the changes needed now for a cleaner, more sustainable future.\nOur investment in ESI is aligned with IBI Groups broader mission to take meaningful action against climate change to create the resilient, connected, smart cities of tomorrow, said IBI Group CEO, Scott Stewart Customizable data-driven solutions are the key to moving towards a net-zero world, and we look forward to working closely with ESI to provide our clients the practical information they need to build smarter, more efficient cities.\nIn 2017, ESI began a two-year collaboration with the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, which resulted in the development of an innovative device to measure environmental pollutants. Since then, ESI has made advancements to its proprietary AI-powered mobile solution that have increased its capacity to accurately capture data across a larger area in real-time. In practice, ESIs offering allows stakeholders in the oil and gas, agriculture, mining, transportation and civic infrastructure sectors to assess air quality remotely and make informed decisions on operational changes that will affect positive change. Similarly, the sensor technologys diagnostic capabilities can provide feedback on current climate action initiatives, informing their effectiveness.\nWe, at ESI, are delighted to be partnering with IBI Group. We believe that IBI Group is not just an investor but an institutional partner to us and that our partnership will significantly increase ESIs potential to scale in multiple sectors, nationally and internationally. We look forward to a long, productive partnership and exciting times ahead. Together, we will help cities and industries manage their carbon footprint and achieve their sustainability goals, said ESI CEO and Founder, Shirook Ali, Ph.D.\nAs urban spaces continue to grow and become more populated, an array of challenges, such as traffic congestion, air pollution and the spread of airborne diseases like COVID-19, will have a major impact on the way we live. By deploying technology that quickly and accurately provides evidence-based intelligence to better comprehend the inter-related scope of these and other problems, urban leaders will be in a better position to make city-building decisions informed by data, not guesswork.\nSince IBI Groups inception, considering environmental, social and governance impacts have been a part of its practice and corporate culture. The firm has developed a series of data-driven solutions, including Travel-IQ CurbIQ Smart City Platformand its Advanced Traffic Management System which will combine with ESIs sensor technology to provide its clients the capacity to monitor, optimize and disseminate information quickly and effectively. The investment in ESI further demonstrates IBI Groups dedication to taking action on climate change and leading the way for sustainable, innovative development.\nFor more information and/or to connect with IBI Group, please contact David Bosworth at david@bullseye-communications.comor 1-416-846-3540.\nCaution Regarding Forward-Looking Information\nCertain statements in this news release may constitute forward-looking statements which involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company and its subsidiary entities, including IBI Group Partnership or the industry in which they operate, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward- looking statements. When used in this news release, such statements use words such as may, will, expect, believe, plan and other similar terminology. These statements reflect managements current expectations regarding future events and operating performance and speak only as of the date of this news release. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties.\nThese risk factors are discussed in detail under the heading Risk Factors in the Companys Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2020. New risk factors may arise from time to time and it is not possible for management of the Company to predict all of those risk factors or the extent to which any factor or combination of factors may cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from those contained in forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are based upon what management believes to be reasonable assumptions, the Company cannot assure investors that actual results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made as at December 1, 2021. The Company updates these assumptions at each reporting period and adjusts its forward-looking information as necessary.\nAbout IBI Group\nTSX:IBG\n) is a technology-driven design firm with global architecture, engineering, planning, and technology expertise spanning over 60 offices and 2,700 professionals around the world. For nearly 50 years, its dedicated professionals have helped clients create livable, sustainable, and advanced urban environments. IBI Group believes that cities thrive when designed with intelligent systems, sustainable buildings, efficient infrastructure, and a human touch. Follow IBI Group on LinkedIn and Twitter.\nAbout ESI\nFounded in 2019, Ecosystem Informatics Inc. (ESI) is a technology and innovation company based out of the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. Our next-generation environment monitoring platform is presently focused on ambient air quality monitoring and provides mobile hardware technology integrated with Artificial Intelligence for accurate and reliable monitoring, analytics and reporting systems. Our technology is designed to deliver actionable information to governments, industries, and advocacy groups helping them achieve their environmental and sustainability goals. For more information, visitwww.ecosinfo.caand follow us on twitter@EcosInfand LinkedInLinkedIn/ecosinfo.\n( Press Release Image: https://photos.webwire.com/prmedia/7/286395/286395-1", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "company description", "hiring", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nPosted-In: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "High Profile Opens New Cannabis Dispensary In Grand Rapids Michigan. High Profile Opens New Cannabis Dispensary In Grand Rapids, Michigan\nby\nOctober 13, 2020 2:31 pm\nGrand Rapids is getting a new cannabis dispensary.\nThe High Profile Boutique chain opened its fifth location in the West Michigan city on Monday.\nThe dispensary will start as a licensed medical marijuana shop and is expected to incorporate adult-use sales by the end of the year, after a city ordinance has been approved.\nOther Michigan locations for High Profile include Ann Arbor, Detroit, Grant, and Buchanan.\nC3 Industries: High Profile is a subsidiary of C3 Industries, a vertically-integrated cannabis company based in Ann Arbor.\nC3 launched in 2018 with an indoor cultivation facility in Portland, Oregon. The company expanded into Michigan with a 36,000-square-foot cultivation and manufacturing center in the village of Webberville.\nC3s main product branch is the Cloud Cover Cannabis brand.\nThe company also holds a full suite of cultivation, processing and retail licenses in Missouri.\nSince our first West Michigan location opened in Grant, we have seen the licensed market expand exponentially and demand for high-quality products continues to be very strong in both the medical and recreational markets, said C3 chief executive Ankur Rungta.\nThe executive anticipated that High Profile will expand to a new location in Kalamazoo, which is expected to open in early 2021.\nImage courtesy of C3 Industries.\n 2020 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "service & product providing", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nTags: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Netflix orders Meghan Markle kids animation series marking second Archewell show. Netflix orders Meghan Markle kids animation series, marking second Archewell show\nBy Mark Layton\n2 hours ago\nMeghan Markle & Prince Harry\nNetflix has commissioned a new animated childrens series from Archewell Productions, the company set up by Prince Harry and Meghan Markle.\nPearl (working title) has been created and executive produced by Markle and will follow the adventures of a 12-year-old girl, who is inspired by a variety of influential women from history.\nDavid Furnish (Gnomeo & Juliet), Carolyn Soper (Tangled), Liz Garbus (Ill Be Gone In The Dark) and Dan Cogan (Icarus) will also executive produce, as will Amanda Rynda (The Louse House), who will serve as showrunner.\nPearl marks the first animated series from Archewell Productions, which signed a multi-year deal with Netflix after the British royals\nlaunched the then-unnamed prodco\nin September last year.\nThe first project under that deal is Heart Of Invictus a docuseries about the Invictus Games, created in partnership with The Invictus Games Foundation.\nLike many girls her age, our heroine Pearl is on a journey of self-discovery as she tries to overcome lifes daily challenges, said Markle.\nIm thrilled that Archewell Productions, partnered with the powerhouse platform of Netflix, and these incredible producers, will together bring you this new animated series, which celebrates extraordinary women throughout history. David Furnish and I have been eager to bring this special series to light, and I am delighted we are able to announce it today", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " executive appointment", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "partnerships & alliances", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\nRead More About: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Kim Yong-Hwa Updates On U.S. Film Prodigal After Stan Lee Death. Along With The Gods\nand its sequel, has provided an update on the next two planned chapters in the fantasy action drama franchise, as well as his potential first co-production with Hollywood.\nSpeaking at the 2019 International Film Festival & Awards Macao (IFFAM), the director discussed Prodigal, a U.S.-Korea co-production that he announced in 2017 would be produced by his company Dexter Studios, its first Hollywood film.\nThe project was set to be co-produced with POW! Entertainment, the American outfit run by Marvel Comics icon Stan Lee who died last year at the age of 95. Mr Kim said that, following Lees death, the film had become complicated.\nRelated Story\nGenius Brands & Stan Lee's Pow! Entertainment In Joint Venture For Post-Marvel IP\nNow Stan Lee has passed away and the situation is complicated. Many producers are involved and chain of title and others. So my company thinks that extending my involvement would not be beneficial. For the current status, I took my hands off from this. Thats about it, the director commented in a translated session.\nReports back in 2017 disclosed Prodigal would focus on paternal love. The Korean filmmaker said he had explored that topic in the two pictures he has directed since the 2017 fantasy action box office smash Along With The Gods: The Two Worlds, which grossed more than $100m in Korea, and its 2018 sequel Along With The Gods: The Last 49 Days, which took north of $90m in its home market.\nThe first film is a tribute to my mother, the second is a tribute to my father, he explained.\nThe filmmaker also updated on a further two previously mooted sequels in the Along The Gods franchise, saying he was hoping to finish the series and that he would shoot them back-to-back, as was the case with the first two films. The pics are based on an online comic, and Mr Kim said he would have to be loyal to the original source material.\nMr Kim also teased that his next project will be sci-fi action drama The Moon, about a spaceship that gets stranded on the dark side of the moon. He is hoping to shoot next year.\nMr Kim is also the founder of Dexter Studios, the Korean production company that is seen as a VFX pioneer in the region. Next up from Dexter is Ashfall (Mount Paektu), the big-budget disaster movie about a volcano eruption on the Korean peninsula. The company is also in talks with several U.S. partners about potential films and TV project collaborations.\nIn the Macao session, the filmmaker walked the audience through the VFX process behind films such as his 2013 comedy Mr. Go, which follows a gorilla that becomes a Korean baseball star.\nQuizzed by an audience member about whether his focus on VFX could come at the detriment to actors, the director insisted that the two operate together seamlessly.\nVFX is not replacing real actors, it is supplementing them. We rely to an extent on the special effects but it doesnt affect the performances of actors on site, they still discuss with the director and do what they want to do, he commented.\nSubscribe to Deadline Breaking News Alertsand keep your inbox happy", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "patent publication", "funding round"]}, {"question": "\nTAGS What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "PE-backed Children's Choice taps Andrakowicz as CEO. +\n100%\nChildrens Choice Pediatric Dental Care, a portfolio company of Amulet Capital Partners LP, has named Stan Andrakowicz as CEO. Recently, he was president and CEO for Familia Dental. California-based Childrens Choice is a dental services provider focused on delivering care to children, infants, adolescents and those with special needs.\nPRESS RELEASE\nSACRAMENTO, Calif. & GREENWICH, Conn.(BUSINESS WIRE)Childrens Choice Pediatric Dental Care (Childrens Choice) today announced that Stan Andrakowicz has been appointed Chief Executive Officer. A portfolio company of Amulet Capital Partners, LP (Amulet Capital), Childrens Choice is a California-based dental services provider focused on delivering care to children, infants, adolescents and those with special needs.\nMr. Andrakowicz succeeds Dr. Jeff Saladin, Founder and current CEO of Childrens Choice. Dr. Saladin will leave Childrens Choice after 12 years to head the newly formed Innovation Business, an organization independently capitalized and resourced by Amulet Capital and Dr. Saladin, solely focused on leveraging technology-enabled services to drive innovation in dental care delivery.\nMr. Andrakowicz has more than 25 years of executive leadership experience in both the healthcare and dental industries. Most recently, he was President and Chief Executive Officer for Familia Dental, a privately held dental service organization. Prior to Familia, he held various senior roles at Smile Brands Group, Inc. including as President and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to joining Smile Brands, Mr. Andrakowicz spent seven years at UnitedHealth Group, first as Senior Vice President of Dental Product Solutions, leading product development and market strategies nationally, then as Senior Vice President of Managed Care Dental Products. Prior to joining UnitedHealth Group, he spent several years at Western Dental serving as Executive Vice President of Operations.\nAfter a comprehensive search process, we are pleased to have found such a strong executive to assume leadership of Childrens Choice, said Jay Rose, Managing Partner of Amulet. Stan is a dental industry veteran with experience in program administration, strategic planning and tactical implementation. His strong operational track record will also be tremendously valuable to Childrens Choices efforts to expand in the pediatric dental space.\nMr. Rose added, Dr. Saladin is a true visionary in the dental field and we thank him for his immeasurable contributions to Childrens Choice. We are thrilled he will be heading up the Innovation Business and are excited to continue our partnership with him in this new endeavor.\nMr. Andrakowicz commented, I am excited to join Childrens Choice and to work with our talented team of practitioners to provide pediatric patients with access to the highest quality dental care. Considerable opportunities for growth lie ahead for us, as we seek to transform oral health care for our communities, and I am I looking forward to expanding our services and positively impacting even more lives.\nAbout Amulet Capital Partners, LP\nAmulet Capital Partners, LP is a middle-market private equity investment firm based in Greenwich, CT, focused exclusively on the healthcare sector. Amulet seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation through privately negotiated investments in companies. Amulet Capital Partners focuses on those segments it believes have the most attractive long-term fundamentals with a target investment size generally between $25 million to $150 million. Amulet Capital Partners investment team has approximately 40 years of private equity experience. For additional information, please visit www.amuletcapital.com", "answer groups": ["executive appointment", " executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "ipo exit", "subsidiary establishment"]}, {"question": " Contact: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Infinity advances Spanish lithium test work. Log In\nInfinity Lithium has chalked off another breakthrough at its San Jos lithium project in Spain after a metallurgical test work program proved successful in scaling up the production of battery-grade lithium carbonate and hydroxide ahead of a looming feasibility study. The work is funded by EIT Innoenergy and aimed at developing a more sustainable refining technology for lithium mineralogies.\nInfinity Lithium has chalked off another breakthrough at its Spanish lithium project. Credit: File\nASX-listed Infinity Lithium has chalked up another breakthrough at its San Jos lithium project in Spain after a metallurgical test work program proved successful in scaling up the production of battery-grade lithium carbonate and hydroxide ahead of a looming feasibility study. The work is funded by EIT Innoenergy and aimed at developing a more sustainable refining technology for lithium mineralogies.\nDorfner Anzaplan, a European industrial and speciality minerals producer, is conducting the metallurgical testing in Germany in collaboration with Infinity's technical advisory committee in Australia. The test results will assist the company in validating pre-feasibility study process assumptions and improving process design. The results are set to form the basis of a feasibility study into battery-grade lithium hydroxide production from a full-scale San Jose project.\nAccording to Infinity the increased volume of battery-grade lithium chemicals was produced in accordance with the requirements of the feasibility study and took into account its use in end products ahead of potential offtake discussions.\nThe company says it also has saved about 0.8 kg of battery-grade lithium hydroxide for future product testing.\nThe subsequent testing phase will include locked cycle test work and the progression of engineering design criteria for the project feasibility study. The criteria will include an underground providing lithium bearing mica ROM to serve a fully integrated, on-site lithium chemical conversion plant capable of generating battery grade lithium carbonate and hydroxide.\nInfinity CEO and Managing Director Ryan Parkinsaid:The production of battery grade lithium hydroxide in the scale-up phase has highlighted the successful implementation of the innovative sulphate roast process in alignment to key EU ESG principles. We are looking forward to broadening discussions with end users in the progression of a fully integrated lithium-ion battery supply chain in Spain and the EU.\nManagement says the conclusion and optimisation of the test work paves the way for it to file a string of provisional patents covering novel aspects of its sulphate roasting process. Furthermore, it argues, its lithium chemical conversion process has a significantly lower environmental impact compared to traditional methods and this could prove to be a key selling point in European markets where the carbon footprint of all materials used in a lithium-ion battery is measured.\nSpain is one of the European Union's largest automakers, churning out over 2.3 million vehicles in 2021. In what will likely bode well for Infinitys prospects, electric vehicle registration has shown signs of growth too, with numbers in the European Union now eclipsing those of the once favoured diesel combustion engines.\nAs the world appears to embrace all things with a lithium battery, Infinity Lithium might find itself in the presidential suite if its lithium chemical conversion process keeps serving up battery-grade lithium.\nIs your ASX-listed company doing something interesting", "answer groups": ["service & product providing", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "support & philanthropy", "hiring", "product launching & presentation"]}, {"question": "\nLeave a Reply What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Civica RX partnership helps Baptist get needed medicines. Civica RX partnership helps Baptist get needed medicines\nCivica RX partnership helps Baptist get needed medicines\nWritten by Monica Correa on December 7, 2021\nAdvertisement\nBaptist Health South Floridas partnership with not-for-profit company Civica RX has helped the hospital have continued access to needed drugs in spite of national shortages and spiked prices.\nLehi, Utah-headquartered Civica RX, which was established in September 2018 by 11 health systems and hospitals across the US including Baptist Health to provide generic drugs needed in intensive care units and operating rooms, helped the Baptist Health system during national shortages of medicines.\nAccording to medical journal NEJM Catalyst, Civica is able to stabilize the price of drugs and guarantee hospital access to them by bypassing the major drug makers and manufacturing or subcontracting for generic pharmaceuticals hospitals need.\nCivica is operating ahead of schedule, said Madeline Camejo, vice president and chief pharmacy officer at Baptist Hospital of South Florida. Civica had projected to have around 41 drugs manufactured at the beginning of the year and 100 by 2023. Baptist Health is currently purchasing around 50 drugs from Civica.\nBecause of our partnership, we had access to all the drugs we needed to help us navigate through the difficulties we had to deal with, without having to deal so much with drug shortages, said Ms. Camejo to really focus on what we needed to do for our patients.\nCivica was established as a nonstock, nonprofit social welfare organization with a $100 million grant from non-profit healthcare system Intermountain.\nEvery healthcare system and hospital that joins the Civica partnership makes a one-time financial contribution to the company based on the level of membership the entity chooses, said CEO Martin VanTrieste.\nTo become a member of the board of directors, entities would provide a one-time payment of $10 million to the company; become a founding member, the contribution would be $5 million; and for a general partnering member, the entity would pay $300 per licensed hospital bed with a cap of $1 million, Mr. VanTrieste said in 2019.\nAll of Civicas funding comes from the hospitals and philanthropic organizations, and not investors and shareholders like the majority of pharmaceutical companies. The aim is to combine the efficiency of a pro-competitive private enterprise with the equitable mission of a pro-social welfare organization, the NEJM Catalyst reported.\nHealthcare systems, said Ms. Camejo, oftentimes had to change drugs so they could continue to treat patients. We didnt have to do that at Baptist.\nWith over 200 drugs currently on the US Food and Drug Administrations shortage list, Baptists hospitals were not hit as badly in the ICU, she said, because of the partnership with Civica, which is producing drugs such as ketamine and lidocaine and antibiotics like vancomycin, which the company initially started with. Everything they have we have been purchasing.\nCivica RX seeks to create a market stability in the wake of drug shortages by guaranteeing hospitals the volume of drugs they need to care for patients, guarantying predictable long-term supply while working with FDA-approved manufacturers with high-quality track records, according to Civicrx.org.\nBaptist Health systems use of what Civica manufactures is 5% to 6%, said Ms. Camejo. When drugs go on shortage, everybody raises their price. Since we had this partnership with Civica we didnt have to worry about allocation, and we didnt have to worry about prices going up, because their prices have been fixed with our contract.\nWhen healthcare systems suffer drug shortages, she said, there are constant changes in order sets and protocols because certain drugs arent available, and hospitals must substitute them for others. At the end of the day, its a drug safety issue as well, and having this [partnership] really gives us one less thing to worry about when youre dealing with uncertainties.\nThe general market price in shortages is hard to predict, but they do go higher when you dont have a steady stream [of drugs], she added. And they usually increase anywhere between 20% to 50% when things go on shortage. The peace of mind that this partnership brings is the access to drugs, and that for us was a great thing when we had the pandemic, because of so many drug shortages that we didnt have to worry about.\nIn June, Civica RX announced it will be producing essential generic medicines through out-patient care and pharmacies. CivicaScript, the operating name, has partnered with some of the nations largest health insurers, such as the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association and 17 independent companies, according to a press release by Civica, to initially develop up to 10 common but highly priced generic medicines for which there is currently not enough market competition to drive down price. This way, CivicaScript also plans to innovate and further transform the supply chain to lower the cost of prescription medicines.\nHaving Civica being able to manufacture here in the US and partnering with them, said Ms. Camejo, I think its going to be better for us in the future", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " service & product providing", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "subsidiary establishment", "regulatory approval"]}, {"question": "\nMarty Irby What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Animal Wellness Calls on New Horseracing Authority and USADA.... - EIN Presswire)\nPhoto: Shutterstock Royalty-free stock photo ID: 67917562 By Cheryl Ann Quigley\nAWA executive director Marty Irby testifying at a House hearing on H.R. 1754 in January 2020\nDisagreement Between Key Parties Threatens Effective Enforcement of Anti-Doping Law\nLearning negotiations between HISA and USADA had broken down just two days before Christmas was an unexpected gut punch to those of us who worked for more than half a decade to enact the new law.\n Marty Irby, executive director at Animal Wellness ActionWASHINGTON, DC, USA, January 4, 2022 /EINPresswire.com / -- Today, Animal Wellness Action leaders addressed the recent breakdown in discussions between the new Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority (HISA) and the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) in letters delivered to the leaders of both organizations.\nUSADA's involvement is the very bedrock and foundation of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act, said Animal Wellness Action executive director Marty Irby and president Wayne Pacelle , who through the years testified before Congress and urged medication reform in racing.Throughout the course of our engagement with all the members of the Coalition for Horseracing Integrity, there has truly only been one constant within a wide array of bills introduced over the years, and that constant has been USADA as the drug-testing entity.\nQuite frankly, the legislation enacted was written with language specifically tailored to comply with Constitutional concerns and oversight from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to effectively allow USADA to contract with an entity that has authority granted by Congress, and the law calls for a five-year agreement between USADA and the HISA, added Irby and Pacelle.\nAware of the public outrage over the mounting number of race horse deaths on American race tracks, readers at Animal Wellness Action worked for the better part of six years to secure enactment of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act that was signed into law in December of 2020 by President Donald Trump following a Congressional hearing in January of 2020, and the indictment of dozens of individuals involved in illegal doping scandals across the country. The legislation, led by Reps. Paul Tonko, D-N.Y., and Andy Barr, R-Ky., in the U.S. House, and Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., as well as Sens. Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., and Diane Feinstein, D-Calif. was designed to execute and enforce a uniform national standard for drug testing, and national regulations that would be overseen by USADA and implemented at every Thoroughbred racetrack in the U.S.\nThe legislation established the new HISA board of directors, who have been in negotiations with USADA for most of 2021, but the HISA board has failed to secure an agreement with USADA to execute the intent of the legislation. USADA publicly announced on December 23, 2021, that it was walking away from the negotiations due to what it described as insurmountable differences with HISA. The Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act specifically calls for implementation of the legislation by mid-2022, and a five-year-contract between the HISA board and USADA.\nLearning negotiations between HISA and USADA had broken down just two days before Christmas was an unexpected gut punch to those of us who worked for more than half a decade to enact the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act, added Irby.\nIt is critical for the lives of countless horses and the future of American horseracing that the HISA board secure a five-year-contract with USADA and see that there is robust and effective enforcement of the national anti-doping rules, added Pacelle.\nA copy of the letter sent to HISA can be found here and a copy of the letter to USADA can be found here.\nAnimal Wellness Action (Action) is a Washington, D.C.-based 501(c)(4) organization with a mission of helping animals by promoting legal standards forbidding cruelty. We champion causes that alleviate the suffering of companion animals, farm animals, and wildlife. We advocate for policies to stop dogfighting and cockfighting and other forms of malicious cruelty and to confront factory farming and other systemic forms of animal exploitation. To prevent cruelty, we promote enacting good public policies, and we work to enforce those policies. To enact good laws, we must elect good lawmakers, and that's why we remind voters which candidates care about our issues and which ones don't. We believe helping animals helps us all", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "hiring", "service & product providing", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\nFacebook Comments What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "High Profile converts to adult-use dispensary. C3 Industries\nreceived adult-use licensing for its High Profiledispensary in Grand Rapids.\nC3, a multi-state cannabis operator headquartered in Ann Arbor, last week converted its High Profile Boutique Cannabis location at 2321 44th St. SE in Grand Rapids from medical to adult-use cannabis sales after receiving adult-use licensing.\nThe location opened in October and carries a wide selection of premium brands, including C3s award-winning Cloud Cover Cannabis and Galactic Meds lines. Consumers can select from a variety of curated flower, concentrates, edibles, topicals and vaporizers, as well as products in other categories.\nThe news of High Profiles conversion to adult-use sales follows a record month for cannabis sales in the state with adult-use hitting $97.6 million in March a 346% increase year over year, according to New Cannabis Ventures Media.\nWith the Michigan adult-use market booming, were thrilled to now offer our curated selection of premium cannabis products at High Profile to recreational consumers in Grand Rapids, Kentwood and Wyoming, C3 Industries CEO Ankur Rungta said. Whether (they are) longtime cannabis connoisseurs or new to the plant, our experienced budtenders can help consumers find the best products to fit their needs and desires.\nThe Grand Rapids location is one of five High Profile stores in Michigan, with the others in Ann Arbor, Detroit, Grant and Buchanan. C3 said six more Michigan stores are expected to open in 2021.\nHigh Profile also recently opened its first store in Oregon and plans to expand to Massachusetts and Missouri soon.\nThe store in Grand Rapids is open 10 a.m.-9 p.m. daily", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", "regulatory approval", " department establishment", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["other", "hiring"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Home Helpers Home Care acquired by Chicago's RiverGlade Capital. Staff reporter, Cincinnati Business Courier\nApr 9, 2021\nA Blue Ash-based company and one of the nations largest franchisors of in-home senior care is now under new ownership.\nH.H. Franchising Systems Inc., which operatesHome Helpers Home Care, has been acquired by RiverGlade Capital, a Chicago-based private equity firm that invests in health care companies, officials said Thursday.\nTerms were not disclosed, but Emma Dickison, Home Helpers Home Care CEO and president, told me the sales process included both strategic buyers and private equity investors, and the company had a lot of interest that included a very competitive process. H.H. Franchising will maintain its current leadership team, national support team and franchise system as part of the transaction, per the release. The company will also continue operations at its Cincinnati headquarters.\nDickison said the new partnership will help accelerate its growth\nHome Helpers has realized a 15% compound annual growth rate over the last five years. Home Helpers operates in more than 1,000 communities across the U.S. with more than 320 franchise territories in 41 states.\nOur new partners will provide experience and resources to support us on that upward path, Dickison said in the release. This is an investment that enables us to provide in-home care for more families and seniors across the country.\nHome Helpers Home Care, founded in 1997, provides comprehensive home care services and support for individuals who choose to live independently at home, including 24-hour monitoring, companion care, meal delivery and more. Each of its franchises are independently owned and operated. The company, which moved from Montgomery to Blue Ash in January 2020, has 26 local employees.\nH.H. Franchising Inc. was previously owned by Linsalata Capital Partners, a Cleveland-basedprivate equity firm, which acquired a majority interest in the firm in 2016", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "partnerships & alliances", "participation in an event"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Chang Hwa Bank looks to recover profit momentum. Thu, Apr 01, 2021 page12\nChang Hwa Bank looks to recover profit momentum\nBy Crystal Hsu / Staff reporter\nBacked by an improving global operating environment, state-run Chang Hwa Commercial Bank () yesterday said that it expects its growth momentum to recover this year, after net income tumbled by double-percentage points last year and remained weak in the first two months of this year.\nNet income slumped 38.53 percent to NT$8.31 billion (US$291.3 million) last year, as bad loans at home and abroad increased, and drastic interest rate cuts weighed on interest and fee income, company data showed.\nWe will make dynamic strategy adjustments to avoid a repeat of last years disappointing performance, the company told an online investors conference.\nChang Hwa Commercial Banks headquarters in Taipeis Zhongshan District is pictured in an undated photograph. The state-run bank yesterday said that it expects its growth momentum to recover this year, after net income tumbled 38.53 percent to NT$8.31 billion (US$291.3 million) last year and remained weak in the first two months of this year.\nPhoto: Lu Kuan-cheng, Taipei Times\nThe bank a week ago appointed a new president, Chou Chao-Chung (), to replace Huang Rui-mu (), who stepped down to take responsibility for poor earnings.\nChou, who served in different positions in another state-run lender, First Commercial Bank (), aims to strengthen Chang Hwa Banks overseas operations and risk controls.\nChang Hwa Bank is seeking to expand its loanbook by 5 to 6 percent this year, led by loans to small and medium-sized enterprises, and mortgage for people with real demand, the bank said.\nOverseas outlets and local branches offshore banking units generated 37.5 percent of overall earnings last year, down from 44 percent in 2019, the bank said, adding that it is looking to raise their contributions to more than 40 percent.\nChou, who headed First Banks Phnom Penh branch, can share his professional expertise and experience in this area, the bank said.\nChang Hwa Bank would be engaged in loans to first-time home buyers, as the central banks two recent waves of credit controls are directed at multiple home owners and property investors, it said.\nThe bank added that it was not surprised at escalating yields in US Treasury and plans to raise its stakes in Taiwanese government and corporate bonds, as well as stocks that offer generous cash dividends.\nWe will adopt more diversified trading tactics and be more active in pursuing investment gains this year as the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic, it said.\nInterest spread inched up 6 basis points from the third quarter to 1.15 percent late last year, while net interest margin gained 3 basis points to 0.88 percent, signs that the market has stabilized and would improve further, it said.\nHowever, interest spread and margins remain low compared with the same time last year, accounting for weak earnings in the first two months of this year, the bank said.\nNet interest income accounted for 70 percent of Chang Hwas revenue, while fee income and investment gains contributed 16.57 and 12.08 percent respectively, company data showed.\nComments will be moderated. Keep comments relevant to the article. Remarks containing abusive and obscene language, personal attacks of any kind or promotion will be removed and the user banned. Final decision will be at the discretion of the Taipei Times", "answer groups": ["executive statement", " executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "regulatory approval", "funding round", "company description"]}, {"question": "\nTAGS What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Shore Capital-backed EyeSouth invests in Midwest Eye Center. +\n100%\nShore Capital Partners-backed EyeSouth Partners has made an investment in Midwest Eye Center, a primary eye care provider that serves patients throughout Southwest Ohio and Northern Kentucky. No financial terms were disclosed.\nPRESS RELEASE\nATLANTA, January 11, 2021 EyeSouth Partners (EyeSouth) is pleased to announce that it has completed an affiliation with Midwest Eye Center (MWEC). The affiliation represents EyeSouths first in the states of Ohio and Kentucky. EyeSouth is an eye care-focused management services organization backed by Shore Capital Partners, committed to partnering with leading physicians to build a premier network of eye care services in the U.S. EyeSouths affiliate network consists of 21 practices with 185+ doctors providing medical and surgical eye care services at approximately 105 locations including 12 surgery centers throughout Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Ohio, and Kentucky.\nMidwest Eye Center is led by Drs. Mark Cepela, Jean Noll, Faiz Khaja, Saif Jaweed, Matthew Dykhuizen, and Daniel Love, and functions with 28 total providers including 20 ophthalmologists and 8 medical optometrists. In total, MWEC employs approximately 250 support staff across 19 clinical locations and 2 ambulatory surgery centers in the Greater Cincinnati area. Through its dense clinical footprint, MWEC provides primary eye care in addition to retina, glaucoma, cornea, oculoplastic and pediatric subspecialty care to many underserved areas throughout Southwest Ohio and Northern Kentucky.\nDr. Mark Cepela, Managing Partner of MWEC, commented on the partnership, After an exhaustive search, we selected EyeSouth as the best partner for the next phase of growth and are very excited for the future. We are completely aligned with EyeSouth in upholding the Midwest Eye Center standard of care we have built over more than 30 years while supplementing our operations with best-in-class management to further enhance that standard of care and accelerate our growth.\nDespite a continually challenging environment, EyeSouth remains committed to targeted geographic expansion with high-quality practices. The doctor and administrative leadership of Midwest Eye Center is top-notch, and we are excited for what we can achieve together, said Dr. Eugene Gabianelli, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of EyeSouth Partners. It is an honor to welcome this group of doctors and staff to the EyeSouth network.\nAbout EyeSouth Partners\nHeadquartered in Atlanta, GA, EyeSouth Partners (EyeSouth) is an eye care management services organization committed to partnering with leading physicians to build a premier network of eye care services throughout the U.S. EyeSouths partner practices clinical mission is to provide high quality medical and surgical specialty eye care. EyeSouth supports its affiliated practices and physician partners with strategic guidance, administrative resources, operating expertise, and capital with an absolute focus on clinical quality and a patient-first culture. EyeSouths affiliate network consists of 185+ doctors providing medical and surgical eye care services at approximately 105 locations throughout Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Ohio and Kentucky. EyeSouth is backed by Shore Capital Partners, a Chicago-based private equity firm focused on microcap healthcare and food & beverage investments. For more information about EyeSouth Partners, please visit: www.eyesouthpartners.com.\nAbout Shore Capital Partners\nShore Capital Partners is a Chicago-based private equity firm focused on microcap healthcare and food & beverage investments. Shore supports management partners with capital, business development expertise, and industry knowledge to accelerate growth, fund acquisitions, and generate value to shareholders. Shore targets investments in proven, successful private companies with superior management teams, stable cash flow, and significant growth potential, including organic and growth through industry consolidation. Shore has $1.1 billion of equity capital under management through various investment vehicles. More information about Shore Capital Partners can be found at www.shorecp.com", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", " executive statement", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "company description", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nWhile employees arent guaranteed a job as an executive d What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "4 Workforce Strategies for Smaller Providers From Era Living Balfour and Summit Vista. Send email\nAs the senior living industry shifts its focus from damage control to recovering from the Covid-19 pandemic, recruitment and retention remain a leading industry challenge.\nUnlike national senior living providers that can devote large amounts of time and money to filling positions, smaller or mid-sized companies often must find more creative ways to recruit and retain workers.\nAs smaller or mid-sized operators, we dont always have the deep pockets and extensive resources some of our larger operating partners do, said Pamela Engle, senior vice president of people and administration at New Perspective and moderator of an Argentum webinar on hiring and retention Thursday.\nAdvertisement\nSmall and medium-sized providers such as Balfour Senior Living, Era Living and Summit Vista have implemented innovative strategies to keep workers engaged and employed, and bring new ones through the door in the process.\nOn the hiring side, these strategies include forging relationships with high schools and colleges and using niche job boards to better target applicants. And to retain workers, these providers are setting new staffing schedules more amenable to caregivers and creating new pathways for career advancement.\nAltered scheduling\nSummit Vista, a life plan community in Taylorsville, Utah, took a multifaceted approach to recruitment and retention when the pandemic began last year.\nAdvertisement\nThe community implemented a staffing strategy at the height of the pandemic where two teams of employees alternated working seven days a week for more pay than usual, according to Tineka Hardwrick, director of human resources. Hardwrick described this approach in an interview with SHN last July, and provided an update during Thursdays webinar.\nWe had A and B teams, and they worked seven days on, seven days off, Hardwrick told SHN last July And in those seven days on, they worked 65 hours but they were paid for 80.\nThe community scheduled those shifts from Wednesday of one week to Tuesday the next, extending the work over two pay periods to avoid triggering overtime and ballooning costs. Summit Vista also applied for and received funds through the paycheck protection program (PPP) in order to pay the difference in hours.\nRecommended SHN+ Exclusives\nThose new staffing strategies in response to the pandemic effectively reduced turnover to zero while they were in effect, as the companys employees valued the flexibility, Hardwrick added.\nToday, Summit Vista still uses an altered staffing schedule in certain departments where employees can work four 10-hour shifts a week and get three days off. The community also is spearheading a new internal rotation program so that employees can learn about the senior living industry beyond their respective roles.\nWhat our younger generation likes is more time off, Hardwrick said. They want more time to themselves, they like that flexibility.\nSchool relationships\nIn addition to implementing a new staffing schedule, Summit Vista also worked to broaden its talent pool by forging closer ties with local high schools with a scholarship program for students.\nThe community is currently partnered with four local high schools and works to recruit students as young as 15 years old to fill part-time PRN and per-diem positions, with typical workloads of about 10 or 15 hours a week during busy holiday or summer seasons. Specifically, Summit Vista has a scholarship program for students who work a total of 1,000 hours in two years.\nSome schools need their students to have work release credits when theyre in high school, and you can recruit students by offering those work release credits, Hardwrick said. We also have a really nice referral bonus ranging from $50 to $150.\nSummit Vista even includes the students parents by holding meetings with them to explain the job and the industry.\nMake sure that they know what your organization is about what your culture is about so that when their child is saying, I dont want to go to work today, that parent is behind their kid to make sure they are getting in that car and going to work, Hardwrick said.\nEra Living which is based in Seattle and operates a portfolio of eight communities also believes in the power of forging relationships with academic institutions. The company has a partnership with Washington State University, and is working on ways to more closely involve its Granger Cobb Institute\nWere trying to build out a way to have some internships so that when these folks graduate from college, they are more prepared to come and be a director, said Matt Bromen, human resources director for Era Living. There are many other programs around the country, so were trying to build a career pathway from college right into senior housing.\nGoing niche\nWith so many senior living providers using job-hunting sites like Indeed and LinkedIn to find new talent, there is value in taking a different approach. One way to do that is to target niche job boards that have smaller but more engaged applicant pools. And thats a practice Louisville, Colorado-based Balfour Senior Living has had decent success with. Balfours portfolio numbers 10 communities in Colorado and Michigan, and the company is growingthrough a partnership with real estate investment trust Welltower (NYSE: WELL).\nIn addition to using bigger job boards, like Indeed, the company also embraced smaller ones that include Handshake, Purple Briefcase, Barefoot Student, FastMatch and OnShift, and MyCNAjobs.com. Doing so increased the number of people who clicked on a job posting and actually applied, according to Nora Brandon, Balfour Senior Livings vice president of human resources.\nWe increased our conversion rate from 1.2% to 3.4%, Brandon said during Thursdays webinar. And that was under 60 days.\nBalfour also utilized non-traditional job pathways, such as the AARP Job Board, to recruit workers who might not normally find their way into senior living. For instance, the company recruited seniors and retired people to come into its dining rooms during a campaign it called Seniors Serving Seniors.\nWe had remarkable success, because we were targeting a specific population, Brandon said.\nCareer paths and mentorship\nAnother strategy for keeping workers on the job is giving them meaningful ways to advance. At Era Living, this is achieved by filling roles with employees who are promoted from within.\nRight before Covid, we started tinkering around with the idea of purpose, and really tapping into an employees purpose rather than just trying to carve out a career path that may or may not be useful for that person given where they are, Bromen said.\nThe companys workforce development efforts include an executive-director-in-training program where two employees spend a year learning the ropes of being an executive director for the provider. The position is full-time and salaried, and is always filled by an Era Living employee", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["investment in public company", "executive appointment", "m&a", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": "\nFOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIA\nFacebook What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pennant Tech sets up new office. Real-life uses of virtual tokens: Gig pay, travel spends in crypto\nHyderabad: City-based fintech player Pennant Technologies has set up a new 220-seater office spread over 20,000 sq ft in HiTec City area. The company plans to take up its total headcount from the existing 275 spread across Hyderabad, Vizag and Mumbai to about 1000 people by 2024 with a chunk of the new hires to be based in Vizag, where the company has a 600 seater office in Rushikonda Hills, Rama KrishnaRaju, director & CEO, Pennant said.\nTechno Paints to double capacities; Hyderabad-based Fortune Group, which operates under the Techno Paints brand, plans to invest Rs 75 crore in the second phase of its paint manufacturing facilities that it has set up in technical collaboration with Italian player Rialto at a first phase investment of Rs 75 crore. The expansion, which will happen next year, will double the plants capacity from the existing one lakh metric tonnes of paints per annum to about two lakh mtpa", "answer groups": ["expanding industry", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["executive appointment", "new initiatives or programs", "product launching & presentation", "department establishment"]}, {"question": "\nGender is considered to be an occupational requirement - Equality Act 2010 What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Female Support Worker Dudley West Midlands. Apply for this job now\nJob Description\nCreative Support is a national, fast growing not-for-profit organisation providing support to individuals with a wide range of care needs. We are currently looking to add a Support Worker to our team in Kingswinford, Dudley.\nWe are looking for compassionate, resourceful and sociable Support Workers to support our outgoing and energetic service users at our learning disability supported living service. You will be involved in supporting the people who use our service in many areas of their lives, from introducing healthy eating and budgeting to day trips to the seaside and gardening. If you have a passion for making a difference in people's lives and being an integral part of promoting independence this would be a great opportunity for you to join us. We have an incredibly supportive and friendly team in Dudley that welcome people who share their drive to develop the independence of the people who use our service.\nSupport Worker Duties:\nTo be flexible and responsive to the needs of service users as directed by their Individual Support Plans To advise and support service users in all aspects of managing their tenancy and maintaining the safety, hygiene and comfort of their home To work closely with other professionals and agencies to provide a co-ordinated service which meets the identified needs of the individuals Be willing to work flexibly according to the needs of the service to include days, evenings weekends and bank holidays Have a valid UK driver's license\nExperience is desirable but not essential for this role. We are looking for someone with the right values and a genuine interest in providing excellent support to all service users. In return we provide outstanding training from our academy where we offer a range of internal and external courses advertised on our monthly Training Calendar to support team members in every role to fulfil their potential.\nBenefits of working with Creative Support:\nA one-off bonus of 100 upon successful completion of the 4-month probationary period\nCompetitive pay and a pension with company contribution and 28 days annual leave\nCompany paid enhanced DBS for all staff\nFree employee support programme\nAll our staff are supported 24/7 by our out-of-hours teams\nSupport to complete the nationally recognised Care Certificate and Social Care Diploma\nCreative Support is a passionate, inclusive, and anti-racist organisation. We are a Stonewall Diversity Champion, Disability Confident Employer who have recently received Investors in People Silver award. We actively encourage applications from candidates from all backgrounds and cultures.\nWe would encourage you to apply to us even if you have not yet had your COVID 19 vaccine. You will be required to have your first COVID 19 vaccine prior to your interview and your second vaccine before you start work with us. This time will be used to complete post interview recruitment checks", "answer groups": [" hiring", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["subsidiary establishment", "partnerships & alliances", "foundation", "new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": "\nGEN has also tagged the most common treatment types: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Tychan. ANTIBODY\nType: Monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting SARS-CoV-2\nStatus: Tychan said June 10 it is launching Phase I clinical trials to assess TY027 in patients with COVID-19, following approval by Singapores Health Sciences Authority. The Phase I trial, to be conducted by SingHealth Investigational Medicine Unit, is expected to take six weeks, during which it aims to establish the efficacy of the mAb. Efficacy data is expected to be available in the third quarter, Tychan said.\nTY027 showed full clearance of the virus in lab studies, demonstrated safety in preclinical studies, and achieved a successful three-week drug stability test, Tychan said.\nTychan developed TY027, including discovery and lab and preclinical studies, in four months using its rapid-response platform, through which the company developed a mAb against Yellow Fever in seven months from design to first-in-human infusion, and a mAb against Zika in nine months., developed by the companys founders, Profs. Ram Sasisekharan, PhD, of MIT/Singapore MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) and Ooi Eng Eong, PhD, of Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and their team.\nAs for antibody engineering, we use computational methods to target functionally important, and evolutionarily stable, regions on the virus, and our bioprocessing method makes antibodies in a matter of weeks, instead of the many months usually required if working with a master cell bank, Sasisekharan told GEN in May We showed there is no difference between the antibodies from the traditional approach and our technique.\nSingapore-based Tychan developed TY027 in partnership with several of the countrys government agencies, including Singapores Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Health, and the Economic Development Board.\nCOVID-19: 200 Candidates and Counting\nTo navigate through the >200 potential therapeutic and vaccine options for COVID-19, GEN has grouped the candidates into four broad categories based on their developmental and (where applicable) clinical progress:\n\n the most promising therapeutics/vaccines based on clinical progress, favorable data or both.\n\n earlier phases with promising partners, or more advanced candidates in development that have generated uneven data.\n\n interesting technology, attracting notable partners, or both, but preliminary data.\n TOO SOON TO TELL longshots pending additional experimental and/or clinical data", "answer groups": [" regulatory approval", "clinical trial sponsorship", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "partnerships & alliances", "m&a"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Outpost at Brewers Row: A new condo community will offer homebuyers more options in Greater Scotts Addition. Save\nDoug Childers/Homes Correspondent\nFor many years, the award-winning craft breweries located along Ownby Lane in Richmonds Greater Scotts Addition have attracted crowds looking for craft beer and food-truck offerings. Now, a local developer and homebuilder is betting the area will attract condominium buyers, too.\nConstruction is underway on The Outpost at Brewers Row, located near the intersection of Ownby Lane and Overbrook Road. When its finished, the community, which is part of a larger mixed-use project called Brewers Row, will have 32 two-over-two condos. (Two-over-two condo buildings have two-story condos built on top of two-story condos.)\nThe mixed-use projects other components will include nearly 200 apartments and more than 20,000 square feet of commercial space.\nHenrico County-based StyleCraft Homes is developing and building the development, in partnership with Spy Rock Real Estate Group. (Spy Rock is developing the other components of the mixed-use development as well.)\nStyleCraft bought the 1.2-acre site part of which had been a parking lot in January. The areas popularity as an entertainment destination and its proximity to shopping attracted the company, as did the opportunity to fill a niche.\nWhile there are many rental options in this area, we found that there was a need of homes that are for sale, said Kathryn Catherwood, StyleCrafts director of sales and marketing.\nGoing from a parcel sale to condo construction in less than a year is a quick turnaround. The fact that the land didnt need to be rezoned or substantially altered helped speed up the process, says Ian Hoyt, StyleCrafts land acquisition manager.\nCondo stats and sales\nThe Outpost at Brewers Row is StyleCrafts first two-over-two condo project in the City of Richmond.\nThe two-over-two condo concept is a great match of getting the density we desired, while also offering what homebuyers are seekingnew, modern homes with little to no maintenance, all within walking distance to a vibrant social scene, Hoyt said.\nCondo sizes will range from 1,500 to 2,500 square feet, with floorplans that include at least two bedrooms and a minimum of 2 baths. Each unit will have two living levels and a one-car garage.\nThe condos exteriors have been designed to complement the architecture of the area, Hoyt said.\nPrices will start in the $500,000s.\nWe have not opened for sales, but we have opened our VIP list, Catherwood said. Joining the VIP list will give you first access to community details, and will allow you to be among the first to purchase your new home in The Outpost at Brewers Row", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", " executive statement", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "m&a", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Is Global X's Telemedicine & Digital Health ETF ready for a post-pandemic future?. genome editing\nT\nhe Global X Telemedicine & Digital Health ETF [EDOC]has felt both fever and chills this year as healthcare in the coronavirus pandemic continues to shift online.\nIts shares climbed from $15.97 on 24 September 2020s close to $22.63 at the close on 12 February this year. The main driver was the Covid crisis, which saw doctors surgeries and hospitals either closed to non-virus patients or severely restricting face-to-face appointments.\nThese measures were intended to ease the burden on health services trying to battle the pandemic before vaccinations were ready.\nAs an alternative, patients were offered digital consultations. New health technologies came to the fore to provide treatments and monitor from a distance.\nEDOC undulating shares\nAs vaccines such as Moderna's came on-stream, the EDOC share price dropped to $17.50 at the close on 13 May as a reopening of social activity, including doctors waiting rooms, seemed imminent.\nHowever, fears surrounding the more vaccine resistant Delta Covid variant, and the onset of colder weather leading to a rise in cases has brought investors back. The EDOC now sits at $18.31 at the close on 24 September.\nThe EDOC invests in companies positioned to benefit from further advances in the field of telemedicine and digital health. This includes companies involved in telemedicine, health care analytics, connected healthcare devices, and administrative digitisation.\n$300\nBillion\nForecasted valuation of the global telemedicine market by 2028\nGlobal X believes the sector shows high growth potential. It says the global telemedicine market increased 35% from 2019 to 2020, exceeding $55bn. Forecasts suggest the market could reach nearly $300bn by 2028. The pandemic has helped increasing adoption of digital health services, with many turning to telemedicine for the first time.\nThe EDOC has a year-to-date total daily return of -3.27%, highlighting the success of the vaccination campaign and hopes that the pandemic was getting under control.\nHow does the EDOC compare with other healthcare innovation ETFs?\nThe EDOC has $618.9m of total assets under management, with holdings in 40 companies. DexCom, which makes continuous glucose monitoring devices, has the biggest weighting at 5.8%. The company's shares have raced from $323.96 at the close on 13 May to $572.73 at the close on 23 September. Its technology helps patients quickly see their glucose readings via their smartphones.\nOmnicell [OMCL]\n, which has a 4.71% weighting, runs automated pharmacies via the cloud, and Illumina [ILMN] a developer of a Covid test which enables genome analysis, has a 4.46% weighting.\nIn comparison, the iShares Healthcare Innovation UCITS ETF [HEAL]has assets of $2.5bn. Its shares have climbed from $9.83 at the close on 3 June to $10.41 at the close on 24 September. It has risen 2.14% in the year-to-date, outperforming the EDOC.\nIt offers investors access to companies across the world that are focused on innovation within global healthcare services, across both developed and emerging markets. Shifting global demographics, social change and an increased application of technology in health as drivers that HEAL has forecast. Its main holding is also DexCom, with 1.24%.\nWhat analysts think about healthcare ETFs\n[Health tech], the convergence of health care and technology, has the potential to meaningfully reduce costs and improve efficiencies. We believe both will be needed in large measure to ensure a more sustainable health care spending path, says Frederique Carrier, head of investment strategy at RBC Wealth Management. A new model is emerging in which patients are the central health care decision-maker. This has been made possible by recent advances in big data and artificial intelligence. With hospitals turning away patients requiring other treatments, and lockdowns forcing lifestyle changes, the trends became entrenched. As the world returns to normal, some of the changes implemented by the medical professions during the pandemic are here to stay.\n[Health tech], the convergence of health care and technology, has the potential to meaningfully reduce costs and improve efficiencies. We believe both will be needed in large measure to ensure a more sustainable health care spending path - Frederique Carrier, head of investment strategy at RBC Wealth Management\nThe fundamentals look strong for EDOC, as it combines the defensive nature of health (there are always sick people who will need treatment) and the growth of digital innovation and technology.\nAccording to ETF Trends, the EDOC is likely to benefit from consistent demand and rising prices over the long term. It said national healthcare expenditures accounted for over 17% of US GDP in 2019, and is expected to hit $6.2trn or 20% of GDP by 2028.\n[The US] for-profit system continues to provide tremendous revenue for drugmakers, hospital operators, insurers and others, wrote Ben Hernandez of ETF Trends. And instead of putting all your eggs in one basket, healthcare ETFs allow investors to diversify across a group of stocks or industries.\nDisclaimer Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results.\nCMC Markets is an execution-only service provider. The material (whether or not it states any opinions) is for general information purposes only, and does not take into account your personal circumstances or objectives. Nothing in this material is (or should be considered to be) financial, investment or other advice on which reliance should be placed. No opinion given in the material constitutes a recommendation by CMC Markets or the author that any particular investment, security, transaction or investment strategy is suitable for any specific person.\nThe material has not been prepared in accordance with legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research. Although we are not specifically prevented from dealing before providing this material, we do not seek to take advantage of the material prior to its dissemination.\nCMC Markets does not endorse or offer opinion on the trading strategies used by the author. Their trading strategies do not guarantee any return and CMC Markets shall not be held responsible for any loss that you may incur, either directly or indirectly, arising from any investment based on any information contained herein.\n*Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and can change or may differ in a jurisdiction other than the UK.\nContinue reading for FREE\nSuccess! You have successfully signed up.\nIncludes free newsletter updates, unsubscribe anytime", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["hiring", "ipo exit", "subsidiary establishment", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "HomeGoods to open March 17 at Cumberland Mall in Vineland NJ. View Comments\nVINELAND Shoppers, grab your carts.\nHomeGoods is preparing for a March 17 grand opening at its Cumberland Mall location, according the retailer's website. Doors are set open at 8 a.m.\nThe Cumberland Mall will be celebrating with gift card giveaways on social media, according to Heather Crowell, executive vice president of strategy and communications for PREIT (Pennsylvania Real Estate Investment Trust), the malls owner.\nLast month, the retailer of home comforts hosted a multi-day job fair to staff and conducted interviews at the stores entrance.\nInside, construction crews put finishing touches on the remodeled 21,130 square feet, tucked between Starbucks and Michaels. The slot was previously home to Bed, Bath & Beyond, which closed more than three years ago.\nHomeGoods has South Jersey stores in Mays Landing, Deptford, Cherry Hill, Moorestown, Marlton and Burlington City.\nVineland shoppers have long lobbied for a HomeGoods, noting TJX, the parent company of HomeGoods, owns the neighboring Marshalls, according to Sandy Forosisky, the citys director of economic development.\nDeborah M. Marko covers breaking news, public safety, and education for The Daily Journal, Courier-Post and Burlington County Times. Got a story idea? Call 856-563-5256 or email dmarko@gannettnj.com. Follow on Twitter: @dmarko_dj Instagram: deb.marko.dj Help support local journalism with a subscription", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "expanding geography", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "other"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Stories What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "NHS Trusts launch new employee health and wellbeing platform. PDF Copy\nFeb 4 2020\nTwo NHS Trusts in London are to be the first to pilot a new employee health and wellbeing platform in a bid to further increase staff wellbeing, satisfaction and retention.\nImage Credit: Everyday Juice Limited\nMaintaining positive levels of staff wellbeing and retention is among the NHSs priorities, and in recognizing the need to support employees, West London NHS Trust and Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust (CNWL) have launched the platform, Juice, for staff.\nFunded by Health Education England (HEE), Juice is formed in partnership with HR and wellbeing specialists, Everyday Juice Limited, with the vision of creating a remarkable place to work comprising healthy and happy people.\nThanks to this partnership, employees of both Trusts will be able to engage in shared learning, access peer-to-peer support through regular on-site activity provision and have available a wide range of health and wellbeing information and advice.\nThe easy to use platform will also allow employees to share hobbies, interests, and talents with colleagues, thus encouraging communication between those they may not engage with during the working day.\nCommenting on the introduction of Juice, Wendy Brewer, Director of Workforce and Organisational Development at West London NHS Trust, said:\nWe want to ensure our staff have greater access to wellbeing advice which will improve their mental and physical health. Juice will help do that and our workforce are looking forward to using this platform.\nDavid Bell, Head of Human Resources (Jameson Division) at CNWL added:\nWe know that happy staff make for happy patients and so the wellbeing of all our staff is hugely important to us. We believe this platform will help our staff to maintain and improve their mental and physical health", "answer groups": [" new initiatives or programs", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "funding round", "service & product providing", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": " 10 teams were shortlisted to join the 3-day makeathon event to design their own products for persons with dementia, speak to industry e What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Our Year in 2018. to hear what caregivers thought of the play.\nDementia Simulation Event @ Ng Teng Fong Hospital\nIn collaboration with\nCamp Hiro\n, a social enterprise that seeks to empower youths in taking ownership and action in addressing real community needs, we led a dementia simulation event at Ng Teng Fong Hospital on World Alzheimers Day. This event was open to all hospital staff and volunteers.\nWorld Alzheimers Month 2018 Conference\nEvery 3 seconds, someone is diagnosed with dementia globally. With this sobering statistic in mind, the\norganised a conference on 21 and 22 September 2018, to Educate, Enable and Empower, with an urgency to build Inclusive and Accessible Communities. It was an enriching conference and were glad to have been part of the discussion on\nBuilding Accessible and Inclusive Communities\n.\nThe 4-Week Caregiver MBSR Programme - MindFi\nThe 4-week Caregiver Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Programme was led by\nMindFi\nand offered to all Project We Forgot community members.\nCaring for a loved one with dementia can be very rewarding, but it often also involves many stressors. The programme was aimed at improving mental wellbeing at work, care, and life. It is a form of stress relief therapy administered by psychologists and more recently implemented in corporate training programmes for mental wellness.\nDesignathon We Remember! 2018\nDesignathon We Remember 2018\naimed at empowering the community to come together to design for dementia!\nThe event brought together designers, developers, entrepreneurs, students, caregivers, healthcare workers and social service providers to collaborate and identify design solutions for persons with dementia and their caregivers in Singapore.\nDesigning for Dementia\nVarious activities were held across the month of September and October 2018, featuring dementia from different perspectives, and exploring how we can design for dementia", "answer groups": ["participation in an event", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "department establishment", "executive appointment", "m&a"]}, {"question": "\nSubmit Rating What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "AskBio Acquires BNB and Gene Therapy Now in Parkinson's Trials. multiple system atrophy\n(MSA), a form of atypical parkinsonism.\nIm pleased to welcome the Brain Neurotherapy Bio team to AskBio, Sheila Mikhail, co-founder and CEO of AskBio, said in a press release\nWe are grateful for the collaboration weve had with AskBio and are honored to jointly accelerate clinical development of our gene therapy programs that we hope will benefit patients and families, said Krystof Bankiewicz, MD, PhD, founder and CEO of BNB.\nThe company is now an integrated unit of AskBio, it states on its homepage.\nBNBs lead clinical program is based on a small protein known as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, or GDNF. This protein supports the growth, survival, and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons, which are gradually lost to Parkinsons.\nThe gene therapy uses a disease-modifying adeno-associated virus (AAV2) to deliver the GDNF gene to specific brain areas. In this way, it induces the production and release of the GDNF protein to promote the health and survival of neurons damaged by the disease.\nThe therapy is administered using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI), which guide its delivery directly to targeted cells of the putamen, the brain structure responsible for movement. iMRI guidance is intended to improve the treatments precision, safety, and effectiveness.\nThey [BNB] bring two active clinical programs, proprietary delivery technologies and unique clinical expertise in CNS [central nervous system] indications, including the clinical translation and development of neurotrophic factor gene therapy, Mikhail said.\nAn open-label Phase 1b study (\nNCT01621581\n), sponsored by a branch of the National Institutes of Health, is evaluating the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of four escalating doses of AAV2-GDNF in 25 adults with advanced Parkinsons and bradykinesia (slowness or difficulty with movement) at a single site in Maryland.\nPatients given a single surgical infusion of the therapy are being followed for five years while undergoing clinical, laboratory, neuropsychological and neuroimaging testing. This trial is expected to conclude in February 2022.\nAnother Phase 1b trial (\nNCT04167540\n), sponsored by BNB, is evaluating the safety and effectiveness of the gene therapy in 12 patients, ages 35 to 75, with early to moderate Parkinsons. The first patient was treated in August, and enrollment may still ongoing at clinical sites in California and Ohio. Information is\navailable here\n.\nThe trial will evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single, bilateral therapy infusion to the putamen, and monitor treatment-related adverse events for five years. Secondary goals include measures of changes in Parkinsons motor and non-motor symptoms and of dopaminergic cell integrity for up to 18 months.\nA separate, randomized and placebo-controlled Phase 1 study (\nNCT04680065\n) in MSA patients who share many symptoms and characteristics with Parkinsons patients is expected to open soon at sites also in California and Ohio; contact and other information is here\nThis trial, also sponsored by BNB, plans to enroll nine patients, ages 35 to 75, who will be randomly assigned to treatment or placebo surgery.\nResearchers will monitor treatment-related adverse events for three years. In the first year, they will also assess MSA symptoms, quality of life, and changes in dopamine transporter binding a protein that works to recycle dopamine.\nWe look forward to advancing this innovative technology as part of our strategy to broaden gene therapy beyond diseases caused by a single gene to complex pathway disorders, said Kathy High, MD, president of AskBio.\nAskBio is a wholly owned, independently operated subsidiary of Bayer\nAuthor Details\nDiana holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences, with specialization in genetics, from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. Her work has been focused on enzyme function, human genetics and drug metabolism.\nFact Checked By:\nAna de Barros PhD\nTotal Posts: 208\nAna holds a PhD in Immunology from the University of Lisbon and worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) in Lisbon, Portugal. She graduated with a BSc in Genetics from the University of Newcastle and received a Masters in Biomolecular Archaeology from the University of Manchester, England. After leaving the lab to pursue a career in Science Communication, she served as the Director of Science Communication at iMM.\nDiana holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences, with specialization in genetics, from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. Her work has been focused on enzyme function, human genetics and drug metabolism.\nLatest Posts\nHow useful was this post?\nClick on a star to rate it", "answer groups": [" service & product providing", " executive statement", "m&a"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "foundation"]}, {"question": " That does indeed confirm that this is a strategic investment which grows Clorox by about 3%, but brings little to no short-term earnings accretion as financing charges on $700 million in inc What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Clorox Company (NYSE:CLX). Summary\nClorox is acquiring Nutranext in a bolt-on deal to move into vitamins.\nI question the strategic rationale behind this bolt-on as many financial questions still have be answered as well.\nTruth remains that shares have been lagging a bit as of recent despite tax reform, as higher interest rates make alternatives more appealing.\nIf shares hit the $110s, I might find it appealing to buy into Clorox, but for now, I am not pulling the trigger yet.\nClorox (\nCLX\n) announced a bolt-on deal which did not really move investors as it is looking to add Nutranext to its line of offerings. Shares were trading largely unchanged in reaction to the transaction as some real questions can be asked around this bolt-on deal. Not only are sales multiples relatively high and the deal expected to be dilutive to near-term earnings per share, it can be argued that it falls out of Clorox's core expertise as well, creating potential challenges.\nWhile I am not that impressed with the performance of Clorox over the past decade, the truth remains that this is a reliable and slow growing business. Shares have been lagging a bit recently amidst interest rates moving higher while Clorox has been a key beneficiary of the tax reform. With multiples approaching 20 times, shares are appealing if they fall to the $110s.\nAdding Nutranext\nClorox announcedthat it has reached an agreement to acquire Florida based Nutranext. The health and wellness company produces and markets dietary supplement brands through retailers, e-commerce channels as well as direct-to-consumers. Roughly 90% of sales are generated in the US.\nNutranext is best known for its Rainbow Light brand, the second vitamin brand in the natural channel. Other brands include Natural Vitality and Neocell and the Stop Aging brand.\nClorox CEO Benno Dorer notes that Clorox is looking to apply its skills in brand building, innovation and digital marketing to accelerate growth of Nutranext within the Clorox family. He furthermore stresses that this deal fits with 2016 purchase of RenewLife, a brand focused on digestive health. To combat scepticism that Clorox is overextending in other categories, Mr. Dorer stressed that RenewLife has grown under the ownership of Clorox.\nThe company will need to fork over $700 million to acquire the brand with annual sales of $200 million, valuing the business at 3.5 times sales. This does not pressure Clorox in a big way (at least financially) as the company expects to remain within its target leverage ratio of 2.0-2.5 times. The company has admitted that the deal will dilute earnings by $0.07-$0.11 per share in the fourth quarter of the current fiscal year and by $0.08-$0.12 per share in the fiscal year of 2019.\nUnlike most deals, these earnings predictions are based on GAAP accounting, as a deal often involves one-time financing costs, inventory step-up charges, integration expenses and other costs. If all goes well, the deal should be accretive to 2020 earnings. Investors unfortunately will have to wait until the company reports its third-quarter results (in May) to learn more about the deal and the financial implications.\nAdding To The Clorox Family\nClorox is essentially a family of leading brands in disinfecting wipes, bleach, diverse range of cleaners, litter, trash bags, and food wraps, among others. Roughly a third of the $6 billion annual sales number is generated from the cleaning category, a third from households, with the remainder split evenly between the international and lifestyle category.\nGiven the nature of the businesses in which Clorox is active, one can argue that deals like RenewLife and Nutranext make sense as they are distinctive product categories, but could be framed adjacent categories as well. All of Clorox's brands and categories focus on healthier homes, workplaces and better value/healthiness for consumers. Furthermore, it fits within the current lifestyle category which Clorox is looking to expand.\nThe deal furthermore helps Clorox in expanding e-commerce sales from a modest 4% of total revenues at this moment in time. These sales of $225 million are aspired to more than double to half a billion by 2020.\nA focus on innovation and building brands is a key reason why Clorox has been successful. The company reported very fat operating profits of $1.12 billion on its $5.97 billion in annual sales in 2017.\nGrowth Is Not That Impressive\nWhile Clorox claims to have a great growth profile, this potential has not really translated into actual sales growth despite growing markets and focus on innovation. Revenues have grown from $5.3 billion in 2008 to $6.0 billion on a trailing basis, as the cumulative 13% sales growth works out to just a percent per year.\nOn top of this modest growth, Clorox has bought back 7% of its outstanding share base over the past decade, resulting in revenue per share growth of little over 20% over the past decade. This is still not very impressive as it is just keeping up with cumulative inflation over this same period of time, as revenue growth per share comes in less than 2% per annum.\nOne thing is clear, expectations have risen accordingly over time, in part aided by the low interest rate environment. Shares have risen 130% over the past decade, far outpacing earnings per share growth as multiples have only risen over time. For the year of 2017, earnings per share have only come in at around $5.33 per share, which at $128 per share works out to elevated valuation multiples of 24 times earnings and 3 times sales (on an enterprise basis).\nBased on the guidance provided back in August, Clorox guided for earnings of $5.52-$5.72 per share this year, working out to a 23 times multiple at the midpoint of the guidance range.\nPro-Forma Numbers\nThe company reportedsecond-quarter results for its fiscal 2018 in February. Sales are seen up 1-3% in 2018, yet tax reform is expected to provide a real boost to earnings, with adjusted earnings now seen between $6.17 and $6.37 per share.\nThe company operates with a net debt load of $1.8 billion by the end of the second quarter. Including the announced deal, this will jump towards $2.5 billion. The company is currently on track to post sales of $6.0 billion on a standalone basis which combined with 17% margins works out to $1.05 billion in operating earnings (GAAP number). The company itself posted an adjusted EBITDA number of $1.28 billion in 2017, which makes a $1.30 billion number realistic for this year (standalone). That is equivalent to a +20% margin.\nIf we assume that Nutranext posts margins of 15% (no indication given), it will contribute another $30 million to that number. That still suggests that leverage comes in at a little less than 2.0 times EBITDA based on net debt. Assuming a similar 2-3% depreciation charge in relation to sales, Nutranext might contribute $25 million in EBIT", "answer groups": [" company description", "m&a", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Support Worker Irchester Northamptonshire. Apply for this job now\nJob Description\nCreative Support are looking for warm, motivated and enthusiastic individuals to join our service in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire as a Support Worker.\nAt our Wellingborough services you will provide excellent care and support for 4 service users with learning disabilities and mental health needs. To be a Support Worker, you will have a passion for promoting active involvement and communication to ensure that 'every day is a good day'. You will give respect and unconditional positive regard for the people you support. No two days will be the same as our residents love to engage in a wide range of activities such as arts and crafts, gardening and cooking. Our residents even say their favourite dish is a roast dinner!\nYour role will include:\nProviding respectful personal care to individuals, medication administration and help with domestic tasks such as preparing food and cleaning, Engaging with service users and build trusting therapeutic relationships, working within to encourage wellbeing and positive coping skills, Work flexibly according to the needs of the service, including daytimes, evenings, weekends and bank holidays.\nWe are looking for candidates from all walks of life. No previous care experience is needed, just a passion for providing person-centred care and support and working in a bright, friendly environment! Full training is provided by our Creative Support Training Academy, as is the opportunity to work towards QCF Diploma in Health and Social Care.\nBenefits of working with Creative Support:\nA one-off bonus of 100 upon successful completion of the 4-month probationary period.\nCompetitive pay and a pension with company contribution and 28 days annual leave,\nCompany paid enhanced DBS for all staff\nFree employee support programme\nAll our staff are supported 24/7 by our out-of-hours teams\nSupport to complete the nationally recognised Care Certificate and Social Care Diploma\nCreative Support is a passionate, inclusive, and anti-racist organisation. We are a Stonewall Diversity Champion, Disability Confident Employer who have recently received Investors in People Silver award. We actively encourage applications from candidates from all backgrounds and cultures.\nWe would encourage you to apply to us even if you have not yet had your COVID 19 vaccine. You will be required to have your first COVID 19 vaccine prior to your interview and your second vaccine before you start work with us. This time will be used to complete post interview recruitment checks.\nWe will be interviewing for this role as suitable applications are received and may close this role before the closing date upon a successful candidate being appointed", "answer groups": ["company description", " hiring"], "distractor groups": ["other", "event organization", "m&a", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nRead Also What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Firms improve healthcare products delivery with technology. Published\n28 March 2022\nGRICD, a cold chain technology company that uses the Internet of Things to enable last-mile delivery of temperature-sensitive products, has partnered with Haultrac, a logistics company, to improve the delivery of essential healthcare commodities to all 36 states of the nation, as well as the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja on behalf of USAID.\nAccording to the firms, the healthcare commodities include medicines, rapid diagnostic test kits, laboratory reagents, and consumables.\nIn a statement, Chief Executive Officer and founder of Gricd, Oghenetega Iortim, said, Inability to keep temperature-sensitive medical commodities within required temperature range leads to waste of life-saving medication, sometimes loss of life.\nWe are excited to be working with Haultrac and USAID to ensure the safe delivery of these essential commodities across Nigeria and make it easier for all parties to do business with confidence.\nThe CEO of Haultrac, Segun Adeoye, added, Transporting temperature-sensitive commodities over long distances in a country like Nigeria can present many challenges. However, with real-time monitoring, we can move these commodities with confidence and take proactive steps to reduce wastage and maximise the value of these commodities.\nThe firms said, Using Gricds Real-Time Data Loggers and Enterprise Monitoring Software, all parties will be able to guarantee the quality of these commodities during storage, transit, and distribution to the end-user", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "service & product providing", "new initiatives & programs", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nBest, What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Paramount Pauses Operations in Russia, Makes $1 Million Donation for Ukraine Relief. March 15, 2022 @ 8:54 AM\nGetty Images\nParamount CEO Bob Bakish announced in an internal memo to staff on Tuesday the steps that the company is taking to pause its business operations in Russia, becoming the latest Hollywood company to do so.\nBakish also announced that Paramount will be donating $1 million to support humanitarian relief efforts in Ukraine, and employees in the U.S. and UK can participate in a donation matching program set up by Paramount.\nIn addition to the previously announced plan to halt the theatrical releases of Sonic the Hedgehog and The Lost City, Paramount is now also taking additional steps. Among them, Simon & Schuster has suspended sales to accounts in Russia, along with the licensing of translation rights to Russian publishers. Paramount Consumer Products will pause all new licensing deals in Russia. And while there are other contractual and technical partner complexities, the distribution of linear channels and some content licensing is also being paused.\nAlso Read:\nFox News Cameraman Pierre Zakrzewski Killed in Ukraine\nSince the beginning of this crisis, our teams across the world have been working around the clock to determine the best, and most importantly safest ways we as a business can show our support for all those impacted, Bakish wrote in his memo. I want to be clear, the safety and security of employees and all those who work with us is, and will always be, our top priority. We continue to offer specialized support services to hundreds of staff, freelance and fixed term employees in Ukraine, Russia, and Poland whose lives are being impacted by this crisis.\nYou can read the full memo to Paramount employees below:\nTeam,\nLike many of you, I am closely following the devastating, unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. The resulting humanitarian crisis and its ripple effects on the lives of millions of people across Ukraine, Eastern Europe, and in Russia itself, is heartbreaking to witness.\nSince the beginning of this crisis, our teams across the world have been working around the clock to determine the best, and most importantly safest ways we as a business can show our support for all those impacted. I want to be clear, the safety and security of employees and all those who work with us is, and will always be, our top priority. We continue to offer specialized support services to hundreds of staff, freelance and fixed term employees in Ukraine, Russia, and Poland whose lives are being impacted by this crisis.\nWe are taking a series of steps to suspend our operations in Russia, including pausing the supply of Paramount Global content. We have announced that Paramount Pictures will pause the theatrical release of our upcoming films in Russia, including The Lost City, and Sonic the Hedgehog 2. Simon & Schuster has suspended sales to accounts in Russia, along with the licensing of translation rights to Russian publishers. Additionally, Paramount Consumer Products will pause all new licensing deals in Russia. Other activity, including the distribution of linear channels and some content licensing, will take more time to pause due to existing contractual, technical and partner complexities.\nWe are also making a $1M donation to support humanitarian relief. In addition to the corporate donation, employees are encouraged to directly help those in need as this humanitarian crisis unfolds. Eligible employees in the UK and the US can take advantage of the Paramount Matching Program, which we are working to expand to additional international regions (more information will follow shortly).\nIn addition, we are using our content and capabilities to help those in need, including the power of our global platforms to ensure the world bears witness to this tragedy, as well as to support humanitarian relief efforts. The courageous news teams at CBS News, Channel 5, Chilevision, Network 10, and Telefe have been reporting around the clock from on the ground in Ukraine and neighboring countries.\nChannel 5 recently aired a fundraising special, Ukraine: How YOU Can Help, in the UK. MTVE has initiated a global call to action across linear and social for audiences to donate funds to support relief efforts across several organizations, including World Central Kitchen, International Medical Corps, Save The Children, UN Refugee, UNICEF and more. Our Consumer Products team is donating toys, products, and funds to organizations that are supporting kids and families from Ukraine who are seeking refuge. And, our team is working to quickly bring Ukrainian-language kids content to European countries like Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Spain and France for free on Pluto TV, and to Poland through local Nickelodeon distribution partners. And theres more underway and to come.\nAs we pause our operations, we will continue to financially support our dedicated team in Moscow. I also ask everyone across the business to please be sensitive to the effect this crisis is having on colleagues across Europe, and particularly those who are Ukrainian, Russian, and in Eastern Europe.\nWe will provide additional updates as we have them", "answer groups": [" support & philanthropy", " executive statement", "closing"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nSubscribe to The Hindu digital to get unlimited access to Today's paper What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Redbike cycle station inaugurated. July 07, 2017 00:00 IST\nUpdated:\nJuly 07, 2017 04:12 IST\n3 public, 22 private bike stations opened\nA Redbike cycle station, where commuters can hire bicycles, was inaugurated on Thursday near DLF Cyber City.\nThe smart card-based bike hire system works on a monthly subscription of Rs. 375. Users can register online and get a smart card which can be used for hiring the cycles from bike stations which stays open between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. on week days.\nThe bicycle is a good way to reduce the carbon footprint. We are committed to creating a sustainable way for a great workplace in partnership with Cykul, said N.C. Somaiah of DLF.\nWe currently have three public and 22 private bike stations in Hyderabad where commuters can pick up bikes and cycle to work or use them for recreation. We are planning to expand the network and accessibility further, said an official of Cykul", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "foundation", "support & philanthropy", "m&a"]}, {"question": "\n1 What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "This is amazing': Vancouver dentist likes new federal program, but questions remain. Shannon Paterson\nShannon Paterson\nDr. Hussein Shivji believes dental care is health care, so the owner of Asante Dental Centres has never understood why its not included in Canadas universal health-care coverage. And for those without private insurance, visiting the dentist can be very pricey.\nIt is really tough, especially with inflation the way it is right now, Hussein said from his Vancouver dental clinic.\nSo the long-time dentist is thrilled the federal government will begin offering dental coverage to families earning less than $90,000 a year, with no co-pays for those making less than $70,000. The program starts later this year with coverage for children under 12.\nThis is amazing. That exactly the demographic they need to go after first, said Hussein. Having that piece of mind for parents, they can actually take their kids to see the dentist without having to forgo some other expense they need in their lives. Kids will have access to care that might not have had that access.\nDr. Wendy Gaudet, the owner and manager of Wave Dentistry in Surrey, also runs a non-profit that provides free mobile dental care to low-income children at their schools.\nShe said, Im always going to advocate for better oral health services and coverage for people that are from low income families. I think that is absolutely necessary.\nBut Gaudet worries the new federal program may operate like similar provincial ones, where the government only pays 30 to 50 per cent of what an insurance company would for the same procedure.\nSo what actually happens is people in these programs, when they try to access and get dentistry from private clinics, the dentists actually dont accept them as clients because they get paid below the fee guide, said Gaudet.\nSo shes urging the federal government to pay the same dental fees that insurance companies and those without coverage do, to ensure people in the new program have no difficulty finding a provider.\nWe want to definitely have equality and equal access to the same level and type of oral health care, no matter whether they are low income or high income, Gaudet said.\nUnder the agreement between the federal Liberals and the NDP, the new dental care program will expand to children under 18, seniors and people living with a disability next year, and will include all low- to middle-income families by 2025.\nHussein says its been a long time coming, adding I think this is going to make a big difference in terms of everyones overall health.\nMost COVID-19 vaccines to be administered at participating pharmacies in N.B. as of April\nNew Brunswick will be closing its COVID-19 vaccination clinics run by the regional health authorities by the end of March, but residents will still be able to get vaccine doses through pharmacies in the province.\nSlipping support for PCs in Manitoba ridings doesn't bode well for next election: expert\nAfter Progressive Conservatives edged out a victory by just under 200 votes in the Tory stronghold of Fort Whyte, one expert says the slipping support doesn't bode well for the party in the next election.\nBurnaby artist creates new mural for Ukraine after original work was defaced\nA Burnaby artist put the finishing touches on his revised mural in support of Ukraine Tuesday night, just days after it was vandalized with Russian propaganda and a Nazi-linked symbol.\nRare meteor believed to be the size of a basketball spotted in southern Manitoba\nA weather camera in Brandon captured a meteor streaking across the southern Manitoba sky northwest of the city.\nThe push to make Edmonton transit a more 'delightful' experience\nCity councillors were talking transit Wednesday as Edmonton officials worked on new routes, cleaner stations and more security.\nIKEA ready to return to Windsor, Ont. Thursday morning\nIKEA Canada will open its new design studio inside Devonshire Mall on Thursday.\nCumberland bakery raising money to support Ukraine\nA local bakery in Ottawa's east end is helping to support Ukraine and its citizens, by donating proceeds from the sale of its unique, handmade pastries, with Ukrainian-inspired flavours.\nRaptors coach Nick Nurse says a post-season series would be terrific for growth of his young team\nThe Toronto Raptors' post-season hopes have come down to 10 final regular-season games.\nLangdon's 'The Track' ready to welcome golfers back\nAs soon as golfers found out The Track was opening up in Langdon this weekend, the phone started ringing off the hook", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "funding round", "ipo exit"]}, {"question": "\nLogin What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Aegis, Blue Moon launch second joint venture to acquire 10-community, $350M senior living portfolio from Healthpeak. Share by Email\nAegis Living CEO Dwayne Clark\nAegis Living and senior housing private equity investor Blue Moon Capital Partners entered a second joint venture Tuesday with the acquisition of 10 communities across California, Washington and Nevada from real estate investment trust Healthpeak Properties.\nAs the largest deal in Aegis Livings 24-year history, the acquisition includes more than $350 million in senior living real estate and supports the companys shifting strategy to owning its communities and growing rapidly over the next 10 years, Aegis said in a statement. The transaction also advances Healthpeaks goal of unloading much of its senior housing operator portfolioand triple-net lease assets.\nThe 702-unit portfolio consists of assisted living and memory care apartments, all in urban, high-barrier-to-entry markets with attractive demographics and limited existing supply. Aegis Living previously operated these communities under a lease. With Tuesdays announcement, Aegis now has ownership in more than 70% of its 32 communities.\nAt a time when we are seeing many operators and traditional senior living investors leave the market, we are leaning in, Aegis Living President Kris Engskov said in a statement. The challenges presented by COVID-19 have made clear just how critical senior care is and will increasingly become. We have learned a great deal during the pandemic and look forward to putting many of those lessons to work to keep even more seniors safer, happier, more purpose-driven and more engaged than ever as we continue to grow.\nIn 2018, Aegis Living and Blue Moon established its first joint ventureagreement that included the acquisition of three Class A assisted living and memory care properties in Bellevue and Kirkland, WA, and Aptos, CA.\nThe 10 properties in this second joint venture include:\nAegis Living Callahan House in Shoreline, WA\nAegis Living Shoreline in Shoreline, WA\nAegis Living Kirkland in Kirkland, WA\nAegis Living Las Vegas in Las Vegas\nAegis Living Dana Point in Dana Point, CA\nAegis Gardens Fremont in Fremont, CA\nAegis Living Granada Hills in Granada Hills, CA\nAegis Living San Francisco in San Francisco\nAegis Living Pleasant Hill in Pleasant Hill, CA\nAegis Living Ventura in Ventura, CA\nThe Bellevue, WA-based operator also has eight additional communities in development.\nThe future of the senior living industry has never been stronger and those with a robust owner-operator presence will be best positioned to meet the growing demands for high-quality senior assisted living and memory care, Dwayne Clark Aegis Living founder, CEO and chairman said in a statement. We are just getting started on our plans to double in size by 2030.\nEven amid the COVID-19 pandemic, favorable senior demographics, combined with a significant supply decline begun last year, has allowed Blue Moon to remain confident in the seniors housing industry, and in Aegis Living in particular, Kathryn Sweeney, co-founder and managing partner at Blue Moon, told the McKnights Business Daily.\nWe firmly believe occupancies and rents will improve, creating profit streams surpassing pre-pandemic levels, she said. As a high-quality operator, Aegis Living is positioned to capture increased market share as their attention to resident needs, medical relationships and innovative culture are demonstrated in each of the markets where they operate.\nPGIM Real Estate also help arrange a $222 million Fannie Mae credit facility on behalf of the partnership for the portfolio.\nIn addition to the best-in-class sponsorship, the portfolio has a long and proven track record of high performance and the assets are located in supply constrained, geographically diverse markets, noted Trace Wilson, executive director at PGIM Real Estate who originated the loan on the firms behalf.\nTopics:\nYou must be a registered member of McKnight's Senior Living to post a comment\nPlease register or login first to post a comment", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "support & philanthropy", "event organization", "other"]}, {"question": "com What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "EPIC iO Appoints Tami Booth as Chief Operating Officer. Top News\n2 mins ago\nBooth is a technology and sales leader with a proven track record for establishing global technology alliances, increasing sales and revenue growth, and driving customer success\nTami Booth, COO, EPIC iO\nEPIC iO Appoints Tami Booth as Chief Operating Officer\nFORT MILL, S.C., March 24, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) EPIC iO Technologies announced today that it has appointed Tami Booth as Chief Operating Officer (COO). In this role, Booth will be responsible for driving EPIC iOs operational and customer success initiatives, and creating strategies for capitalizing on market demand for streamlined connectivity and intelligent AI and IoT (AIoT) outcomes powered by DeepInsights, EPIC iOs proprietary AI platform.\nTami is an amazing leader and brings her diverse technology expertise to the role. We are honored to welcome her to the EPIC iO team, said Ken Mills, CEO, EPIC iO. Her incredible track record in establishing global technology alliances, operational excellence and driving customer success, will prove invaluable as we enter EPIC iOs next chapter of growth. Tami will be integral to our mission to become the one source for connectivity, IoT solutions, and a proprietary AI SaaS platform that brings together data from existing and future IoT investments for our customers and partners.\nBooth brings more than 25 years experience in the IT industry to her new position as EPIC iOs COO. During her career, she held a succession of leadership, sales and technical roles. She has a deep interest in emerging technologies and the effects on human capital as society evolves, and a passion for diversity, especially when it comes to helping elevate women in technology management roles.\nPrior to joining EPIC iO, Booth was Vice President, Presales, for Global Alliances, Service Providers and Industries at Dell Technologies, where she was deeply involved in driving success for Dell partners and customers across a wide range of vertical industries. Before that, she spent six years at VCE (formerly a division of EMC), holding several leadership roles across sales and engineering including Vice President of Global Customer Support; Global Accounts and Federal Teams; Global Pursuits, which focused on mega deals; and Global Pre-Sales Engineering, a team she was responsible for creating and developing. During her tenure spanning 2010 to 2016, she helped grow VCE to $5B in revenues.\nBooth is a member of the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) and Women in Technology International (WITI).\nAbout EPIC iO Technologies\nEPIC iOs future vision is a world in which IoT use and data intelligence reach its full potential through AI integration. We provide software focused technology that leverages 5G-ready connectivity combined with AIoT solutions to help all businesses become safer, smarter and more connected. By utilizing our open AI platform, DeepInsights, public sector and private enterprises can extract and intelligently generate and analyze IoT data. This real-time data provides high-value, actionable insights through a single, integrated source. For more information, visit www.EPICIO.com.\nA photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/cec035a1-53d5-45be-9d10-f066fe2d5c81\nCONTACT: Mary KhouryEPIC iO208-214-5580mary.khoury@epicio", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive appointment"], "distractor groups": ["support & philanthropy", "alliance & partnership", "department establishment", "executive statement"]}, {"question": "\nSince launch, 0x API has facilitated over\n27M What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "0x Continues Its Multi-Chain Expansion With Limit Orders Now Available to Polygon and Binance Smart Chain DEXs. Dec. 23, 2021\n/PRNewswire/ --\n0x Limit Orders, which were previously only available on Ethereum, are now available on Polygon and BSC\nLimit orders offer DEX users more trading flexibility and further narrow the gap between centralized and decentralized exchange offerings\n0x Labs continues to add support for new L1 chains and L2 solutions as part of its multi-chain expansion\n0x Limit Orders\n0x Labs, a global blockchain company building decentralized exchange infrastructure for the internet, today announced the expansion of 0x Limit Orders to Polygon and Binance Smart Chain (BSC). With the rollout of 0x Limit Orders on Polygon and BSC, users can now place off-chain, resting orders for specified prices and specified amounts, which can be filled by any counterparty at a later time.\nAdding multi-chain support for 0x Limit Orders is another important step in our mission to create a tokenized world where all value can flow freely. We believe that exposing the broadest set of users to smart contracts, self-custody wallets, and DEX markets is key to achieving that mission.\nBusinesses use 0x API to power their DeFi applications across a growing number of blockchains, including Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Fantom, and Celo", "answer groups": [" company description", " executive statement", "expanding industry", " new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["article publication"]}, {"question": "\nPage 5 of 34 What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Healthcare. Today In Healthcare: Walgreens, VillageMD Expand Into Orlando; GoodRx Reports Jump In Subscribers Seeking Discounts\nAugust 12, 2021\nToday in healthcare, Walgreens and VillageMD will open 10 Orlando-area Village Medical locations this year, and more GoodRx subscribers are seeking discounts. Plus, BlueJeans Telehealth enhances virtual health care with televisit tile and integration with the Apple Health app. Walgreens, VillageMD Opening 10 Orlando Primary...\nHealthcare\nWalgreens, VillageMD Opening 10 Orlando Primary Care Clinics\nAugust 12, 2021\nWalgreens Boots Alliance and VillageMD will open three Orlando area Village Medical clinics at Walgreens locations, the companies announced Thursday (Aug. 12), and will cut the ribbon on seven more Sunshine State outposts by the end of the year. The Walgreens and VillageMD integrated care...\nHealthcare\nGoodRx Reports Spike In Subscribers Seeking Drug Discounts\nAugust 12, 2021\nHealthcare is rife with frictions for patients, certainly, grappling with the increasing burdens of high deductibles, high drug costs and the responsibility for a growing percentage of financial liability tied to their care. In the app-driven economy, that digital front door can be key...\nHealthcare\nToday In Healthcare: New COVID Rules Could Harm US Businesses; Flywire Payment Volume Surges\nAugust 11, 2021\nToday in healthcare: Businesses, organizations and governments are updating their COVID-19 rules to bring back masks. Plus, PharmEasy is considering a $1 billion IPO for its Mumbai-based online healthcare and medicine delivery platform, and Flywires payment volume is up 85 percent in the past year....\nHealthcare\nBlueJeans Telehealth Adds Feature To Improve Virtual Patient Care\nAugust 11, 2021\nVirtual healthcare offering BlueJeans Telehealth now includes a Televisit Tile and integration with the Apple Health app to improve patients video-based interactions with their medical professionals. The new tools allow patients to share their heart rate, sleep patterns, falls and more with their providers during...\nHealthcare\nToday in Healthcare: 5G Powers Telehealth Innovation, JPMorgan Backs Medical Subscription Startup\nAugust 06, 2021\nToday in healthcare, Vizient launches a healthcare supply chain assistant and JPMorgan invests $50 million in Vera Whole Health, a medical subscription startup. Plus, 5G networks are powering the telehealth revolution and GoodRx and Surescripts team up for drug discounts. JPMorgan Invests $50M In Medical...\nHealthcare\nFlexible Financing Is The Healthcare Rx Thats Good For Patients and Doctors\nAugust 06, 2021\nA generation ago, patients didnt think of themselves as healthcare consumers because the transactional part of the process was largely taken care of by their insurance provider and evaluating the cost was not a big consideration for most. That, of course, has changed dramatically as...\nHealthcare\nGoodRx, Surescripts Team For Real-Time Drug Discounts\nAugust 05, 2021\nGoodRx has struck a deal with Surescripts on the Real-Time Prescription Benefit electronic drug discount pricing program to help uninsured patients and those who cant get pricing information from their health plans, according to a press release. About one-third of Americans have skipped filling a...\nHealthcare\nVizient Debuts Healthcare Supply Chain Help\nAugust 05, 2021\nVizient has rolled out a new product to boost the strength of healthcare supply chains, per an announcement, via its partners. The product will offer visibility supplier manufacturing and distribution sites. The product will also help monitor events that may impact operations as well as...\nHealthcare\nJPMs Vera Investment And Healthcares Moment Of Reckoning With Payments\nAugust 05, 2021\nJPMorgan Chases new healthcare unit, Morgan Health, has made its first investment, putting $50 million into Seattle startup Vera Whole Health. In addition to the investment, JPMorgan will begin offering Vera to its employees during benefits enrollment season this fall. Veras core product is its healthcare subscription..", "answer groups": [" product launching & presentation", " funding round", " product updates", " ipo exit", "expanding geography"], "distractor groups": []}, {"question": "\nContinue reading below What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Alpine reveals its A522 Formula 1 car for the 2022 season. Alpine\nhas finally pulled the wraps off the A522. It gets a striking new livery that combines the traditional blue of Alpine with the pink of ex-Racing Point and Aston Martinsponsor BWT. Looks fantastic, doesnt it?\nFor the first two races of the season, though, the Enstone-based French firm will run the ultra-pink flipped livery in the pictures you see below. Thats apparently to highlight its new partnership with the Austrian water treatment company.\nPHOTO BY Alpine\nContinue reading below Its with great pleasure that we launch our A522 to the world today, marking the next chapter in Alpines Formula 1 journey, said Alpine CEO Laurent Rossi. We are proud racers and have poured the essence of Alpines racing heritage and passion into this new generation of cars. We have a clear plan and vision in place at Alpine and we have some of the best people in the business to help drive us forward and realize our ambitions.\nContinue reading below Recommended Videos\nOur team is stronger now and, we hope, future-proof. Our driver line-up is the perfect recipe to help deliver the results we want to achieve on track, Rossi added. In 2022, we want to show constant progress with comprehensive developments across all sites to ensure we are contenders for the title in the future. We are going in the right direction and we want to carry on our climb to the summit", "answer groups": ["participation in an event", " alliance & partnership", "product launching & presentation", " executive statement", "new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": []}, {"question": "\nAdvertisement\nFor more information on Harman Kardon, Infinity, JBL or their full lines of marine audio products, please visit What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Harman launches marine group. > News> Manufacturers> Harman launches marine group\nHarman launches marine group\nMarch 3, 2022\nHARMAN International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., focused on connected technologies and solutions for automotive, consumer, professional, and enterprise markets, announced it has launched a new group of their OEM Special Markets business to directly focus attention on its existing marine brands, Infinity and JBL, as well as to launch Harman Kardon into the marine market Harman Kardon Marine.\nHARMAN's brands have been introducing innovations in audio for more than 65 years, and the company continues to further develop new ways of enriching the audio/visual experience. From professional audio systems and surround sound systems for the home, to in-car audio, headphones, and portable speakers HARMAN delivers premium audio experiences. More than 50 million automobiles on the road today are equipped with HARMAN audio and connected car systems.\nBringing this innovation and quality to the water, HARMAN says it will deliver an immersive audio experience built to withstand the challenges of the harsh marine environment. Tuned to each vessel, Harman Kardon marine systems will give boat builders the opportunity to offer the next level of audio performance by integrating the highest audio standards into its products. In addition, the ability to offer Infinity and JBL both to OEM boat builders as well as the aftermarket customer allows Harman to offer premium audio to a wide variety of marine markets.\nInfinitys advanced technologies take sound seriously, building speakers and amplifiers that challenge and advance the marine audio industry.\nJBL brand systems give boaters an option to select the components that are right for their own vessel and style. JBL speakers are fully marinized and engineered to withstand sun, salt, sea spray and wash downs. They feature sealed motor structure, UV-resistant one-piece cast-polymer baskets, a sealed magnet and rubber surrounds. The polypropylene cone and balanced dome tweeter provide great bass, smooth highs, and lots of output to ensure every note can be heard loud and clear.\nWe are proud to take what weve learned in our award-winning automotive, home and consumer electronics audio products and offer that same incredible level of quality and technology to the marine market, said Kent Jopling, Global Senior Manager Special Markets Marine and Powersports at HARMAN International. Our three brands, Harman Kardon, Infinity and JBL each have their own place in the boating ecosystem. Whether you own a runabout, cabin cruiser, fishing boat or yacht, solutions from one of Harmans marine brands will surely please discerning owners and audiophiles alike", "answer groups": [" company description", " executive statement", "new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["product updates", "new initiatives & programs", "event organization"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pathway to Living Tapped to Manage 22 Senior Housing Communities. Deals\nReflections Retirement. Image courtesy of Pathway to Living\nPathway to Living has partnered with health care REIT Welltower to increase its management footprint by 40 percent. The senior housing company will manage Welltowers 22-property senior housing portfolio of communities located throughout Illinois and Ohio. Pathway also will serve as a minority investor in the acquisition of the senior housing portfolio.\nThe Welltower portfolio includes independent living, assisted living and memory care communities, totaling 1,105 units. Between the two Midwest states, 16 of the portfolios communities are located in Illinois with the remaining six properties in Ohio.\nFor Pathway, the partnership with Welltower will allow the senior housing operator to expand into the Ohio market while growing its management footprint in the Midwest.\nJerry Finis, CEO of Pathway to Living, told Multi-Housing News that the senior housing operator is also looking at expanding its reach to the southeastern U.S. and had looked at some opportunities in Florida prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finis also said during a September senior housing conferencethat locations further outside city centers could better target the senior living sectors middle market.\nAIMING FOR PRE-COVID OCCUPANCY\nBrookstone Estates of Vandalia. Image courtesy of Pathway to Living\nAs for the Illinois and Ohio properties, Finis said in prepared remarks that Pathway will take a strategic approach in filling up the communities in Illinois and Ohio.\nThe operators strategy includes a comprehensive value-add program that includes refreshing common areas, addressing deferred maintenance issues within communities and infrastructure updates including fixing aging sidewalks, parking lots and mechanical systems. Pathway noted that the capital investments were meant to attract potential tenants, but also is pursuing these renovations to improve the quality of life for its residents.\nThe strategy for this kind of portfolio is to really bring it back to pre-COVID occupancy, Finis told MHN. Thats the play and thats our goal here", "answer groups": [" company description", " alliance & partnership", " new initiatives or programs", " executive statement", "expanding geography"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Digital Asset Trading Platforms in Chicago Establish Decentralized Finance Alliance to Work Closely on Open Finance Projects. April 8, 2020 @ 8:33 am\nBy\nA group of Chicago-headquartered digital asset trading platforms are planning to work cooperatively, in order to connect more closely with Open Finance, or decentralized finance (DeFi) initiatives.\nVolt Capital, Jump Trading, CMT Trading and DRW Trading have established the Chicago DeFi Alliance (CDA)\nAs notedin a blog post, published on April 7, 2020, the CDA aims to bring together the Chicago-based trading companies and various DeFi platforms across the globe.\nThe alliances inaugural or founding members include Arca, Compound, DV Trading, dYdX, and TD Ameritrade.\nThe alliance plans to assist DeFi initiatives with gaining a better understanding of the Chicago trading environment. The city is notably a major global financial hub thats well-known for its large derivatives market.\nAs Open Finance initiatives look to acquire greater liquidity and recruit experienced industry traders, CDA will offer them a platform to interact with leading trading companies, liquidity providers or market makers, and several over-the-counter (OTC) desks.\nPeter Johnson\n, head of Fintech investing at Jump Capital, stated:\nI decided to join the CDA because I see a significant knowledge gap between the DeFi startups I talk with on a daily basis, and my colleagues at Jump Trading and other trading firms in the industry.\nJohnson added:\nMy hope is that the CDA can help close that gap by helping DeFi startups understand where there are (and are not) real potential opportunities to work with trading firms and involve them in the DeFi ecosystem.\nDeFi firms will get an assigned mentor and will take part in a four-to-six-week intensive training program, so that they can learn about trading companies requirements in the Open Finance sector.\nImran Khan\n, general partner at Volt Capital, noted that the program aims to help startups with getting a clear idea about what products and services they can offer and the resources theyd need to obtain from the trading companies.\nThe CDA also offers a dedicated channel for trading companies. It allows them to gain an understanding of how various DeFi platforms have been implemented.\nKhan pointed out that there are many trading companies that want to explore DeFi platforms. However, he claims that they dont fully understand the underlying protocols and might not be fully aware of how to secure assets being traded on peer to peer trading networks.\nSponsored Links by DQ Promote\nYou may also like..", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["product launching & presentation", "other", "event organization"]}, {"question": "\nFor more about iExec and its new community-focused platform, visit their main website What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "iExec Launches iExec Portal a New Interface to Involve and Reward. https://orders.newsfilecorp.com/files/8203/118047_cada2ceb84ddea12_001full.jpg\nInvolving iExec Followers in Community-Related Decisions\nAs the community grows, iExecaims to more closely involve individuals in community-related activities. To achieve this, the iExec Portal introduces a voting system. Via proposals submitted by the iExec team, followers can now have a say on decisions concerning the community. For example, deciding the format for AMA sessions, allocating community rewards, or even deciding on future features for the iExec Portal.\nUsing the Snapshot platform, the iExec community can vote on the submitted proposals. Each vote is weighted by the amount of RLC owned. Anyone that holds RLC tokens in their wallet can vote and have their say. Voting works by taking a snapshot of the number of tokens held in the wallet at the time of voting. It does not cost any RLC or Ethereum gas fees.\nRewarding the Community for their Contributions to the Project\niExec\nis proud to have a committed community supporting the project. To value its followers contributions, iExec has released a Community Rewards Program. This new program recognizes and rewards the most active, engaged community members for their contributions to the project. RLC prizes are distributed monthly for contributions ranging from content creation to tech expertise. From the iExec Portal, users can learn more about the types of prizes available and what they can do to qualify for rewards.\nAdvertisement 3\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\niExec followers will also have the opportunity to claim NFT POAP collectibles after contributing to the project or participating in events. These collectibles will be displayed on the iExec Portal.\nGiving the Holders an Interface to Make the Most of their RLC\nAnother goal of iExec Portal is to provide the community with an interface for their RLC portfolio, allowing holders to see their portfolio balance. In addition, the iExec Portal offers educational resources on other ways to use their tokens such as platforms like Uniswap or Bancor.\nFinally, the iExec Portal provides a single point of entry for the projects resources and products. For instance, the iExec Oracle Factoryto create custom oracles from any kind of data in less than 5 minutes, or the iExec Developer Rewards Programapplication form, where developers can submit their project based on the iExec protocol.\nSpeaking about the new platform,\niExecs Head of Adoption, Nelly Cornejo\nsaid:\nWith the iExec Portal, we want to offer an open door where anyone can join and benefit from our vibrant ecosystem. The iExec Portal will be a place to listen to our community, recognize and reward them for their contributions and help them make the best out of their RLC tokens.\nA Metamask or Portis wallet is required to connect to the iExec Portal. More features will be added in the future, to deliver the best experience to the iExec community.\nVisit the iExec Portal here\nAdvertisement 4\nThis advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below.\nArticle content\niExec\nis a blockchain company that provides a decentralized Marketplace for computing assets, allowing anyone to monetize datasets, decentralized applications, and computing power. Ethereum blockchain is used to organize the exchanges between stakeholders with the maximum level of trust and security, without a centralized authority. iExec owns its native utility token, the RLC, used as the method of payment on the Marketplace. The RLC token is listed on over 40 exchanges, including Coinbase, Binance, Bithumb, Huobi, and more", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "new initiatives or programs", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["other", "article publication"]}, {"question": "\nFor more information on WINFertility visit: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "WINFertility Empowers Female Naval Aviators Choice to Pursue Career and Family, in Partnership with Military Family Building Coalition. WINFertility Empowers Female Naval Aviators Choice to Pursue Career and Family, in Partnership with Military Family Building Coalition\nShare Article\nWINFertility to provide complimentary fertility benefit management services for female naval aviators and Naval Aviation personnel\nWINFertilitys clinically managed fertility benefit has been proven in the private sector to be increasingly popular at driving recruitment, retention, and successful outcomes. WIN is proud to donate our fertility benefit management services and clinical advocacy to those who are serving our nation.\nGREENWICH, Conn. (PRWEB)\nWINFertility\n(WIN), the nations leading fertility benefit management company with the largest portfolio of employer clients, empowers female Naval Aviators choice to pursue career and family, in partnership with Military Family Building Coalition(MFBC) under the AVIATRIX Project. WIN will provide complimentary reproductive clinical advocacy and fertility benefit management services for female Naval Aviators and Naval aviation personnel, who have highly challenging constraints for family-building amidst deployments, training, and operational demands. The services offered include 24/7 clinical support through WIN Nurse Care Managers, reproductive behavioral wellness, access to the WIN network of medical and pharmacy providers, along with available discounts, and guided counseling on family-building options.\nService members have unique needs when it comes to family-building because of their training, and schedules. TRICARE, the military insurance provider, does not cover non-coital reproductive assistance. Service members are often physically separated from their partner for long periods of time, an obvious barrier to coital reproduction. Among the Naval Aviation community, women have a short fertility window because of the required service time, including college education, flight training and operational service requirements, drastically narrowing the window of opportunity for female naval aviators to build a family. If service members want to start a family, managed fertility benefit support can help retain talent and empower them with the option to pursue both career and family.\nWINFertilitys clinically managed fertility benefit has been proven in the private sector to be increasingly popular at driving recruitment, retention, and successful outcomes, says Roger Shedlin, M.D., J.D., President and CEO of WINFertility. WIN is proud to donate our fertility benefit management services and clinical advocacy to those who are serving our nation in the interest of our national security.\nThe Military Family Building Coalition is very excited to collaborate with WINFertility in service to the women of naval aviation and in support of diversity within military leadership, said Katy Bell Hendrickson, Cofounder, Military Family Building Coalition. We founded The AVIATRIX Project on the premise that providing military members with resources to navigate family building is critical to the retention of top talent and to the development of the force of the future by providing comprehensive coverage for all facets of reproductive health care.\nFor more than 20 years, WIN has been a trusted leader in managing family-building benefits for the nation's largest insurance carriers and corporations. The company is now bringing its industry leading fertility benefit management solution to our deserving military service members. WINs comprehensive program, which provides a clinically managed fertility benefit, connects experts to patients and guides them through their own personal family-building journey, recommending the most appropriate providers, medical treatments and drugs, purchased at the lowest unit cost. WIN's program encompasses fertility medical and pharmacy, behavioral health, reproductive genetics, surrogacy, and adoption. The results from WINs managed fertility benefits produce more successful clinical outcomes, improve efficiency and deliver a superior patient experience", "answer groups": [" company description", "executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit", "product launching & presentation", "expanding industry"]}, {"question": " A se What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Teaching an old drug new tricks. NewsOK: Oklahoma City News, Sports, Weather & Entertainment\nTeaching an old drug new tricks\nPublished:\nSun, February 23, 2020 1:07 AM\nUpdated:\nSun, February 23, 2020 1:35 AM\nshares\nemail\nTypically, a promising new experimental drug arrives on the scene with a flourish. Or, to be more accurate, a news release.\nFor the compound known as NHPN-1010, that news release came earlier this month. It announced that a Korean biotechnology company, Oblato, had acquired all rights to the drug, which scientists at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and Hough Ear Institute had jointly discovered as a potential way to prevent and treat hearing loss.\nThe announcement was, of course, true. But the simple ta-da! flavor of the news belied a more complicated history.\nThe compound had not simply materialized and proclaimed its potential to guard against damage to sensory cells, nerves and hair cells in the inner ear. Rather, that milestone came only after decades of research and experimentation, and progress proved anything but linear.\nIndeed, to the naked eye, eureka moments appear to fuel drug discovery. And, of course, you cant have a life-changing medication without a paradigm-shifting breakthrough.\nBut when it comes to successfully moving a compound down the long and winding road from the laboratory to the clinic, what separates the winners from the losers is often not the greatness of that initial insight. Rather, getting a discovery to the finish line is all about dealing with and overcoming failure.\nA stroke drug fails\nFourteen years ago, the experimental compound then known as Cerovive looked dead. Kaput. Another once-promising compound tossed into the trash heap of didnt-quite-make-it new drugs.\nThe drug company AstraZeneca had developed Cerovive based on discoveries made in the late 1980s at OMRF. In a series of experiments at OMRF, Robert Floyd, Ph.D., had found a compound that had neuroprotective properties.\nIn rodents, the chemical seemed to guard the brain against injuries typically caused by strokes", "answer groups": ["product launching & presentation", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["service & product providing", "subsidiary establishment", "hiring"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Wye Valley NHS Trust going live with OPENeP in record time ~. Wye Valley NHS Trust going live with OPENeP in record time\n8th November 2020\nWhat started in January of this year, when Better partnered with Epro and Wye Valley NHS Trust to provide the trust with an ePMA solution, and continued to do so through the pandemic, has just reached a significant milestone. Wye Valley NHS Trust has become the 3\nrd\nUK site to go live with OPENeP.\nOPENeP will help the trust improve patient safety by reducing the prescribing and administration errors that could result in adverse drug incidents. It will also improve communication between pharmacists, doctors, and nurses, enable work prioritisation, enhance reporting, and optimise existing workflows. The Hereford-based trust is a Digital Fast Follower of Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, where OPENeP has been live for more than a year now. Being a fast follower means that with OPENeP they are making a significant step forward on their path to reaching the highest possible stage of digital maturity.\nStefan Siekierski, Project Manager at Wye Valley NHS Trust,\nshared his thoughts on successful implementation: From signing contracts in January to our pilot in October, the teams at Epro, Better, and Wye Valley worked together in close partnership to deliver a high-quality system, improved the quality and safety of our patients and staff. We have changed our working model in response to Covid-19, and adapted to an ever-changing situation. Keeping to our timescales to date has been a result of collaborative work and the incredible support of Trust staff.\nWye Valley NHS Trust is the 3\nrd\nsite in the UK to have gone live with OPENeP, after University Plymouth NHS Trust and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, with three more trusts, one acute and two mental, to follow soon.\nChristine Wadsworth, UK Clinical Lead at Better, shared: I was fortunate to be able to attend the first ward to use ePMA at Wye Valley on the go-live date. The ward staff were very well prepared and keen to move from the paper drug charts to electronic prescribing and administration, because they recognise the benefits to the patients, to themselves, and to the Trust. The ePMA team at Wye Valley, along with the teams from Epro and Better, have done an incredible job at reaching this point of the project so quickly, and during very difficult times. I look forward to visiting again when I am able to do so, as the Trust rolls out the solution to the other wards.\nCreated as a stand-alone solution, OPENeP is also compatible with any electronic patient record system the trust is using, and can be integrated with a decision-support system, as well as a hospitals pharmacy systems.In Wye Valley, Betters ePMA solution will be embedded in Epros Clinical Portal.\nDr. Francesca Leithold, chief operating officer at Epro, said: Patient safety is a core value here at Epro, and our collaboration with Better and Wye Valley will now support clinicians as they support patients. After identifying additional opportunities to support the staff at Wye Valley, we also included our admissions checklist solutions into our integration, whilst keeping to our originally agreed timelines. We look forward to visiting our partners and continuing to support Wye Valley as they prioritise patient safety", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " product launching & presentation", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": "0M - Series D\nSan Francisco-based Shippo is a shipping platform that helps e-commerce companies manage their shipping oper What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "The Weekly Notable Startup Funding Report: 3/1/21. Linkedin\nThe Weekly Notable Startup Funding Report takes us on a trip across various ecosystems in the US, highlighting some of the notable funding activity in the various markets that we track. The notable startup funding rounds for the week ending 2/27/21 featuring funding details for Reforge, Shippo, and thirty other rounds that you must know about.\nRedox\n$45.0M - Series D\nMadison-based Redox is the modern API for healthcare. Founded by James Lloyd, Luke Bonney, and Niko Skievaski in 2014, Redoxhas now raised a total of $92.0M in total equity funding and investors in this round include .406 Ventures, Adams Street Partners, Avenir Growth Capital, Battery Ventures, and RRE Ventures.\nElectric\n$40.0M - Series C\nNew York-based Electric is an information technology company that helps businesses manage their IT security, support, and devices in real-time. Founded by Ryan Denehy in 2016, Electrichas now raised a total of $91.8M in total equity funding and investors in this round include 01 Advisors, Atreides Management, Bessemer Venture Partners, GGV Capital, Greenspring Associates, Primary Venture Partners, and Vintage Investment Partners. AlleyWatch broke the news of this round in an exclusive interview with Denehy -\nKoffie Labs\n$3.0M - Seed\nBrooklyn-based Koffie Labs is a digital insurer purpose-built for the next generation of trucking and transportation. Founded by Ian White and Michael Dorfman in 2019, Koffie Labshas now raised a total of $4.5M in total equity funding and investors in this round include 2048 Ventures, Anthemis Group, C2 Ventures, Drew McElroy, Esther Dyson, and Lerer Hippeau.\nMedisafe\n$30.0M - Series C\nBoston-based Medisafe is a personalized tech platform that helps people manage their medications while providing insight into their daily habits. Founded by Omri Shor and Rotem Shor in 2012, Medisafehas now raised a total of $51.5M in total equity funding and investors in this round include 7wire Ventures, ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund, Consensus Business Group, Leumi Partners, lool Ventures, M Ventures, Menora Mivtachim, Octopus Ventures, OurCrowd, Pitango Venture Capital, Sanofi Ventures, and Triventures.\nWorkiz\n$13.0M - Series B\nSan Diego-based Workiz is the the only field service management and communication platform for small-medium on-demand businesses in North America Founded by Erez Marom, Idan Kadosh, and Saar Kohanovitch in 2015, Workizhas now raised a total of $20.3M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Aleph, Magenta Venture Partners, Maor Investments, New Era Capital Partners, and TMT Investments.\nFoxtrot\n$42.0M - Series B\nChicago-based Foxtrot is a mobile app that lets customers shop a curated collection of drinks, food, and everyday essentials. Founded by Brian Jaffee, Mike LaVitola, and Taylor Bloom in 2013, Foxtrothas now raised a total of $66.8M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Almanac Insights, Barshop Ventures, Bluestein Ventures, Collaborative Fund, David Chang, Fifth Wall, Imaginary Ventures, Lerer Hippeau, M3 Ventures, Monogram Capital Partners, Nicolas Jammet, Revolutions Rise of the Rest Seed Fund, University of Chicago, Walter Robb, Wasson Enterprise, and Wittington Ventures.\nEvisort\n$35.0M - Series B\nSan Mateo-based Evisort is an AI-powered contract management platform that provides visibility into any document. Founded by Amine Anoun, Jake Sussman, and Jerry Ting in 2016, Evisorthas now raised a total of $55.6M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Amity Ventures, General Atlantic, M12, and Vertex Ventures.\nReforge\n$21.0M - Series A\nSan Francisco-based Reforge offers selective growth-focused programs for experienced professionals in marketing, product, data, and engineering. Founded by Brian Balfour in 2016, Reforgeis backed by Andreessen Horowitz.\nMake an impact on your bottom line and drive leads in 2021!\nThe AlleyWatch audience is driving progress and innovation on a global scale. There are a number of options to reach this audience of the world's most innovative organizations and startups at scale including strategic brand placement, lead generation, and thought leadership in front of an audience that comprises the vast majority of key decision-makers in the business community and beyond. Learn more about advertising to Tech, at scale\nFirst Boulevard\n$5.0M - Seed\nOverland Park-based First Boulevard is a digital neobank focused on improving the financial livelihood of Black America. Founded by Asya Bradley and Donald Hawkins in 2020, First Boulevardis backed by investors that include Anthemis Group, Barclays Ventures, Gabrielle Union, Jamere Jackson, and John Buttrick.\nTerminus\n$90.0M - Series C\nAtlanta-based Terminus is a marketing platform used to target companies, engage decision-makers on their terms, and accelerate pipeline velocity. Founded by Eric Spett, Eric Vass, and Sangram Vajre in 2014, Terminushas now raised a total of $120.6M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Atlanta Ventures, Edison Partners, Great Hill Partners, and Hallett Capital.\nBlueshift\n$30.0M - Series C\nSan Francisco-based Blueshift offers the SmartHub CDP, which helps brands deliver relevant and connected experiences across every customer interaction. Founded by Manyam Mallela, Mehul Shah, and Vijay Chittoor in 2014, Blueshifthas now raised a total of $64.6M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Avatar Growth Capital, Conductive Ventures, FortRoss Ventures, Nexus Venture Partners, Softbank Ventures Asia, and Storm Ventures.\nHighspot\n$200.0M - Series E\nSeattle-based Highspot is an AI-fueled sales enablement platform that helps companies worldwide improve the performance of their sales teams. Founded by David Wortendyke, Oliver Sharp, Robert Wahbe, and Scot Gellock in 2012, Highspothas now raised a total of $394.6M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Bain & Company, ICONIQ Capital, Madrona Venture Group, OpenView, Salesforce Ventures, Sapphire Ventures, Shasta Ventures, and Tiger Global Management.\nHubilo\n$23.5M - Series A\nSan Francisco-based Hubilo is a virtual and hybrid events platform that utilizes a range of insights to track attendee engagement & other event-related data. Founded by Mayank Agarwal and Vaibhav Jain in 2020, Hubilohas now raised a total of $28.0M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Balderton Capital, Chris Schagen, John W. Thompson, and Lightspeed Venture Partners.\nEquityBee\n$20.0M - Series A\nPalo Alto-based EquityBee helps startup employees get capital to exercise their stock options before they expire by linking them to investors. Founded by Arik Moav, Mody Radashkovich, Oded Golan, and Oren Barzilai in 2018, EquityBeehas now raised a total of $28.3M in total equity funding and investors in this round include Battery Ventures, Group 11, ICON Continuity Fund, and Zeev Ventures.\nShippo\n$45", "answer groups": [" company description", "funding round"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "product updates", "patent publication"]}, {"question": "com for more details What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Illinois Cannabis Business Expo Presents- OCO Labs. trade show\nSeptember 10, 2019\nCannabis Industrial Marketplace is pleased to have OCO Labs from Sierra Vista, AZ exhibiting at our September Cannabis Business Expo in Rosemont, IL, booth number 246. The SuperC(TM) supercritical CO2 extraction system offers a single expandable solution for small batch producers, inline batch testers, and even home extraction enthusiasts. The OCO Labs team has over 30 years of experience working with CO2 and other compressed gases, and they are the Oregon based manufacturer of the worlds most accessible CO2 extractor, the SuperC(TM). Their tabletop CO2 extraction systems are now in homes and labs across ten countries. If youre one of their international customers, please contact them about their flat international shipping rate.\nSince their team is committed to providing an accessible, modular solution for anyone looking to learn the process of Supercritical Fluid Extraction, or add batch testing to their existing workflow, please let them know how they can help.\nCheck OCO Labs profile on CannabisImp", "answer groups": [" product launching & presentation", "event organization"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "expanding industry", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nHeidi Groover: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Bellevue-based Aegis Living buys 10 facilities in $350 million joint venture. Bellevue-based Aegis Living buys 10 facilities in $350 million joint venture\nJan. 12, 2021 at 6:00 am\nUpdated Jan. 12, 2021 at 6:24 am\nDwayne Clark, CEO of Aegis, a senior assisted living company, outside Aegis facility on Mercer Island in 2019. (Greg Gilbert / The Seattle Times)\nBy\nHeidi Groover\nSeattle Times staff reporter\nIn its latest push toward expansion, Bellevue-based senior living operator Aegis Living will buy 10 more facilities as part of a $350 million joint venture.\nThe deal with Boston-based investment firm Blue Moon Capital Partners includes two facilities in Shoreline and one in Kirkland, along with properties in California and Nevada. Aegis already leases and operates the facilities and will buy them from the investment trust Healthpeak. Aegis said the purchase is the largest in its 24-year history.\nSenior living facilities have been hard-hit by COVID-19, with the virus spreading among residents and staff from the earliest days of the pandemic, highlighting the risks of congregate housing.\nStill, senior housing providers are expecting a boom of aging adultsin coming years. The demographics havent slowed down, said Aegis President Kris Engskov.\nResidents and workers in senior living facilities have begun getting vaccines. So far, about a third of residents and staff at Aegis locations in Washington have received the first dose of the vaccine, Engskov said.\nAegis has undertaken a significant expansion in recent years, building new facilities like one on Mercer Island marketed as a resort-like getaway.Eight new communities are currently under development, according to the company. Dwayne Clark, the companys CEO, told the Seattle Times in 2019 his goal was to make the Seattle area a retirement mecca for seniors.\nAegis runs 32 senior living communities in Washington, California and Nevada. Blue Moon has invested in two other Aegis facilities in Bellevue and Kirkland, said managing partner Susan Barlow.\nThree new Aegis facilities are expected to open this year in Overlake, Kirkland and Seattle", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["department establishment", "foundation", "service & product providing", "patent publication"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cellnex finds taker for 3 200 French towers. Cellnex finds taker for 3,200 French towers\n21 MAR 2022\nInfrastructure player Cellnex Telecom reached an agreement to divest more than 3,200 sites in France to Phoenix Tower International (PTI) and its JV partner, a deal which fulfils conditions imposed as part of an acquisition of Altice Europes tower business in the country in 2021.\nOf the towers set to change hands, 1,226 will be owned by PTI directly while the other 2,000 will be held within the latters venture with operator Bouygues Telecom.\nAll the assets transferred are in very dense areas, Cellnex explained in its statement on the transaction.\nIn a separate disclosure, PTI noted the addition of the 1,226 towers it will own in their entirety would see it add SFR as a second major operator client in France. The 2,000 being put into its JV will enhance its relationship with partner Bouygues Telecom, it added.\nCellnex was obliged to divest the sites as part of terms imposed by the French Competition Authority (FCA) to approve its acquisition of Altice Europe infrastructure business Hivory and associated holding company.\nThe FCA will have to approve the divestment to PTI before the deal is finalised", "answer groups": [" alliance & partnership", " executive statement", " m&a", "service & product providing"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "company description"]}, {"question": "com's FREE daily email newsletter\nLatest News What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Foresight Autonomous (NASDAQ:FRSX) Price Target Increased to $3.00 by Analysts at Aegis. Tweet\nForesight Autonomous (NASDAQ:FRSX)\nhad its price target raised by Aegis from $2.50 to $3.00 in a research report sent to investors on Friday morning, Analyst Ratings Networkreports. Aegis currently has a buy rating on the stock.\nShares of FRSXopened at $1.73 on Friday. Foresight Autonomous has a 12 month low of $0.46 and a 12 month high of $2.75. The firms 50 day moving average is $1.09 and its 200-day moving average is $1.16. The stock has a market capitalization of $91.52 million, a PE ratio of -3.60 and a beta of 2.19.\nGet\nForesight Autonomous\nalerts:\nForesight Autonomous (NASDAQ:FRSX) last announced its earnings results on Thursday, November 12th. The company reported ($0.10) EPS for the quarter, missing the Thomson Reuters consensus estimate of ($0.07) by ($0.03).\nAn institutional investor recently bought a new position in Foresight Autonomous stock. Kranot Hishtalmut Le Morim Tichoniim Havera Menahelet LTD purchased a new position in shares of Foresight Autonomous Holdings Ltd. (NASDAQ:FRSX) during the 3rd quarter, according to the company in its most recent filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The firm purchased 118,966 shares of the companys stock, valued at approximately $109,000. Kranot Hishtalmut Le Morim Tichoniim Havera Menahelet LTD owned approximately 0.23% of Foresight Autonomous at the end of the most recent quarter. Hedge funds and other institutional investors own 2.41% of the companys stock.\nForesight Autonomous Company Profile\nForesight Autonomous Holdings Ltd., a technology company, designs, develops, and commercializes sensor systems for the automotive industry. The company develops in-line-of-sight vision systems and beyond-line-of-site cellular-based applications. It offers QuadSight system, a quad-camera multi-spectral vision system for the semi-autonomous and autonomous vehicle market; V2X (vehicle-to-everything), an accident prevention solution based on real-time multi-agents positioning algorithms that enables communication between vehicles, infrastructure, grid, home, and network; and Eye-Net, a software-based cellular V2X solution to provide real-time pre-collision alerts to vulnerable road users and vehicles by using smartphones.\nRecommended Story:\nReceive News & Ratings for Foresight Autonomous Daily - Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings for Foresight Autonomous and related companies with MarketBeat", "answer groups": ["executive statement", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["m&a", "support & philanthropy", "product updates"]}, {"question": "com\nShare article on social media or email:\nView article via: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Radiant Sponsors Vehicle Displays & Interfaces Detroit and Demonstrates Head-Up Display Test Solutions. Y61\n), which support inspection across larger fields of view and depths of field with increased speed and precision. These improvements are key for ensuring visual quality of new technologies like augmented reality HUD (AR HUD), large digital dashboard displays, and displays incorporating high-resolution OLED, mini-, and microLED.\nFrom table #45 at the Vehicle Displays exhibit, Radiant will give demonstrations of its ProMetric Imaging Photometers and Colorimetersand software, led by the companys dedicated automotive team. Engineered to quantify values of light according to CIE functions, ProMetric systems are scientific measurement solutions that emulate standard human visual perception for the most accurate assessment of display brightness and color. ProMetric solutions are adapted to qualify unique display types by applying a range of software packages.\nAt Vehicle Displays, the Radiant team will demonstrate its ProMetric Y Imaging Photometer with TT-HUDsoftware package, updated with new analysis calculations and inspection parameters for evaluating ghosting and distortion according to OEM test specifications. Geometric defects like these are a growing concern as HUDs become larger and more integrated with windshield glass. Beyond any potential defects caused by the HUD projection system, deformations in glass or issues within windshield layers can cause virtual images to appear warped or duplicated. HUD systems like AR HUDs that require larger display areas are impacted more by glass quality issues and need measurement systems that address these defects. Radiant continues to work directly with automakers and suppliers to understand requirements for testing HUDs and HUD glass to optimize its TT-HUD platform. Manufacturers who apply TT-HUD with imaging and electronic lenses from Radiant are already equipped to effectively measure large fields of view and variable-distance virtual images typical of AR HUDs. Further, Radiants HUD measurement solution can be integrated with robotics and fixtures, utilizing built-in API for fully automated, multi-point testing within the HUD eyebox.\nA second product demonstration at Vehicle Displays will feature Radiants TrueTest Softwaremeasuring a freeform (non-rectangular) display. Flexible and formable display technologies have allowed automakers to take advantage new spaces inside the vehicle for bespoke display designs. This has led to a range of shapes and sizes, breaking the mold of the traditional rectangular displays that most measurement equipment is developed to evaluate. RIDA (register inside display area) is a feature of TrueTest that is used to register shapes such as curves and stadium shapes that are common in the latest freeform displays. Precise registration ensures accurate uniformity, contrast, mura, and other evaluations that rely on the comparison of values across the active area of the display.\nComplimentary registration for the Vehicle Displays & Interfaces live exhibit is available using Radiant Guest Code HbHrbdz. For more information or to register, visit http://www.vehicledisplay.org Learn more about Radiant Vision Systems at table #45 at the exhibit or online at http://www.RadiantVisionSystems.com\nAbout Radiant Vision Systems\nRadiant Vision Systems works with world-class brands and manufacturers to deliver creative visual inspection solutions that improve quality, reduce costs, and increase customer satisfaction. Radiants legacy of technology innovation in photometric imaging and worldwide install base date back more than 25 years and address applications from consumer electronics to automotive manufacturing. Radiant Vision Systems product lines include TrueTest automated visual inspection software for quality control, and ProMetric imaging colorimeters, photometers, and light source measurement systems. Radiant is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, with strategic offices in California, Michigan, China, South Korea, and Vietnam. Radiant has been a part of Konica Minoltas Sensing Business Unit since August 2015. For more information, visit http://www.RadiantVisionSystems", "answer groups": [" company description", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["foundation", "participation in an event", "event organization"]}, {"question": " For more information, call 844-388-6069\nTAGS What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Tri-Town News Business Briefs, July 15. Print\nHoward Stein of Farmingdale has launched a Home Helpers franchise, an in-home care company serving Monmouth County. Home Helpers specializes in comprehensive home care for senior citizens, new mothers and individuals who need recuperative and continuing assistance.\nHome Helpers also offers Direct Link, its proprietary line of 24/7 medical alert systems, including a fall sensor with GPS locator and an automated medication dispenser.\nOur mission is to be the extended family when family cant be there; providing top\nquality in-home care and home health care services that improve quality of life and create\npeace of mind. We arent just in the home care business; we are in the taking care of\npeople business. It is so incredibly rewarding to provide meaningful help to families, Stein\nsaid.\nFor more information, call 908-975-0400, email 58961@homehelpershomecare.com or visit\nwww.homehelpershomecare.com/monmouth-county-nj\n\nThe team at Sunnyside Manor in Wall Township has met the criteria for the 2020 American College of Health Care Administrators Eli Pick Facility Leadership Award. ACHCA recognized the Sunnyside Manor team as being one of the top performing skilled nursing facilities in the nation.\nThe award was established in 2008 to recognize skilled nursing facilities for achieving excellence beyond the Five Star rating system. Criteria are reviewed and updated each year to assure that top-performing facilities are recognized and that the award continues to raise the bar for organizational performance.\nMaryEllen Keane is the administrator of Sunnyside Manor", "answer groups": ["subsidiary establishment", " executive statement", " product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["alliance & partnership", "product updates"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Groups applaud feds for targeting cockfighting in Alabama. William Thornton | wthornton@al.com\nTwo animal welfare groups are applauding action by the federal government against what they say are suspected cockfighting operations in Alabama.\nRepresentatives of Animal Wellness Action (AWA) and the Animal Wellness Foundation (AWF) in a virtual news conference today lauded federal law enforcement authorities for a series of recent actions against alleged cockfighting operations in Alabama, including a suspected fighting pit near two game fowl farms in Chilton County.\nWayne Pacelle, president of AWA, said he hopes the action is the first of many.\nThis is not something that should be tolerated in our society, Pacelle said. I hope this is a turning point in Alabama, and across the nation, and we can really start to see major action against cockfighting and drive people out of the business. Theyve been acting with impunity.\nIn June, U.S. District Judge Myron Thompson issued a restraining order through Aug. 13 covering about 2,400 roosters, hens, young chickens, and unhatched chickens at three locations in Chilton County.\nAccording to the document requesting the restraining order, U.S. Department of Agriculture investigators are looking into the activities of three members of a Chilton County family they believe are involved in cockfighting and gambling operations which violate the Federal Animal Welfare Act. The order seeks to restrain the breeding population, saying that the chickens were found during the execution of a search warrant on June 21. The documents argue the birds should be restrained in place, as moving them and isolating them would be cruel.\nAccording to the 10-page document requesting the restraining order, investigators say one of the men promoted the business on social media for selling birds and cockfighting implements, such as knives and boots. The document also alleges one of the men bragged in an audio message, with the sound of roosters crowing in the background, that he got 50 percent of any money won with my roosters. He later bragged in social media messages of having large pots totaling $125,000 and $200,000 in his house, according to the documents.\nThe family has not been formally charged with anything related to animal fighting. An attorney representing the family did not immediately respond to inquiries.\nPacelle said Alabama has been a long-time hotbed of cockfighting, but the trail leading to the operation began in Guam, a U.S. territory in the western Pacific. Pacelle said records showed 60 people in the U.S. had been responsible for shipping fighting birds through the U.S. Mail there.\nAlabama was one of the top five shippers, he said. We found a whole set of operators in Alabama who were engaging in illegal animal fighting activities.\nMarty Irby, executive director of Animal Wellness Action, said the animal welfare groups have stayed focused on suspected cockfighting operations in Alabama, North Carolina, California, Tennessee, Kentucky and Oklahoma, which involved about 9,000 birds shipped to Guam. Of those, at least 783 were shipped from Alabama, and the ratio of birds were 8 or 9 to 1 male to female.\nIf you had an egg or broiler industry, it would be quite the opposite, Irby said. So we know those are going there for cockfighting purposes.\nAbout a year ago, AWA released a report on about seven Alabamians it says are involved in cockfighting, saying that some bragged on social media about their operations and the derbys the roosters won.\nThey seem to be very proud of these cockfighting birds and they actually hold events in Puerto Rico, Mexico, Guam, many of the other U.S. territories, Irby said. Investigators focused on individuals in Walker, Jackson and Marshall counties.\nIrby said efforts to shut down cockfighting operations are mostly focused at the federal level, because Alabama law warrants a $50 fine for cockfighting -less than a parking ticket, he said. The statute hasnt been updated since the 19th century, while dogfighting carries harsher penalties.\nNote to readers: if you purchase something through one of our affiliate links we may earn a commission.\nDisclaimer\nRegistration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights (User Agreement updated 1/1/21. Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement updated 5/1/2021)", "answer groups": [" support & philanthropy", "regulatory approval", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["foundation", "alliance & partnership", "executive appointment"]}, {"question": "\nFollow me on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Cannabis Multi-State Operator C3 Partners With Equity Licensee Brian Chavez To Open Massachusetts Dispensaries. The Feds Are Coming For Delta-8 THC\nHere, I talk with Ankur Rungta, founder & CEO of C3 Industries and Brian Chavez, CEO of High Profile x Budega about the social equity landscape in Massachusetts right now, the significance of this opening and more.\nJackie Bryant: What is the significance of this being the first equity recipients to open concurrent stores at the same time? Why is that notable?\nAnkur Rungta: I think there are three points to make here. Firstly, while the stores arent technically opening concurrently, with Dorchester opening in March of 2022 and Roslindale and Roxbury to follow in the summer of 2022, they were approved concurrently. We see the significance in a few different ways.\nFirst off, Boston has been a very challenging place to get local approvals generally for cannabis. Locals are protective over their space and want to make sure theyre comfortable with whos coming in. It speaks to the community process that Brian and Jaison Chavez, our partners at High Profile x Budega, ran and the trust the community has in them.\nAnother interesting point is Boston was the first major city on the East Coast to legalize recreational cannabis. Even with New Jersey and New York coming online soon, Boston will always remain one of the most sizable, influential markets on this side of the country, so these three licenses are an extremely valuable opportunity to build a brand in a major metropolitan area.\nLastly, I would also say that we're not aware of any other social equity licensees that have gotten a series of licenses for three storefronts (the maximum permitted in Massachusetts) versus only one. Im proud of the work these guys have done to achieve that.\nJB: For people who don't live in legal states or who aren't in MA, can you speak to the difficulties of becoming licensed in the state? How is it harder for equity applicants?\nAR: In Massachusetts, specifically, it's a very long and difficult process. First, you have to get local approval for a site as well as a significant amount of community support. There is a zoning process with the city which can take one to two years or sometimes longer. During this time youre spending a lot of time and money with a lot of uncertainty because you're holding real estate. The significant financial component can become incredibly challenging and is a huge barrier to entry, especially for social equity applicants who do not have access to capital.\nBrian Chavez: Part of my and Jaisons story is that two of the properties were our uncle's properties, which allowed us to avoid some of the heavy real estate holding costs that are typically involved. We also ran the community process ourselves which resulted in a cost standpoint and accessibility, and was much easier than hiring consultants or lawyers.\nAR: Part of the rationale for partnering with us is that our team could bring some other resources to the table, in terms of both finances and expertise. You have to actually come back and build the store out, a complex process which requires designs and permitting, while at the same time holding real estate where youre initially spending money without making it. Its a long, kind of torturous process. Our partnership with the Chavez brothers has allowed us to be successful in that both parties bring assets to the table that the other might not have been able to.\nJB: Could you walk me through the current landscape of social equity, who got licenses and how, in Massachusetts?\nAR: I think generally, there's a very low level of minority and social equity ownership in the Massachusetts cannabis industry. And that's not unique to Boston, but I think Boston is actually at the forefront of changing these patterns by implementing a system that does result in more social equity ownership.\nIn Boston right now its one to one, meaning for every one social equity license, the city must issue one non-social equity license. So now you have a number of stores in Boston that are approved and on their way to opening that are social equity-owned, and we applaud the city for not only promoting social equity, but making strides in execution and bringing it to fruition.\nJB: What is something exciting or notable about the Massachusetts market that people outside of it might not know? How does C3 fit into that?\nAR: In general, there seems to be less emphasis on premium flower, and premium, top-shelf products as a whole, in Massachusetts, and the gap in that market excites us. We see a huge opportunity for our focus on high-end flower, a chance to offer the consumer something more curated and differentiated from a product quality standpoint. Of course there are retailers in Boston who carry some amazing brands and products, but were excited to work with Brian and Jaison who share the same obsession with quality and want to target that corner of the market.\nWere aiming to go the boutique route, offering our customers a curated selection of the highest- quality products on the market.\nJB: Personally, I hope bodega/corner store culture is the future of weed. What are your thoughts on that and why?\nAR: Totally. We view these three stores as very much the neighborhood stores where we're serving the community in the spirit of the local bodega, making cannabis conveniently accessible. If you live in Dorchester currently, you have to go to another part of Boston or even outside of the city to get cannabis. So this is all very much about the neighborhood and community and Brian and Jaison are very much deep in these communities.\nBC: This is not a random part of Boston - were actually from Dorchester. Dorchester is the location that we worked out with C3, but the other two are my uncle's bodegas - he has long been ingrained in these communities. These are long standing local stores where neighbors would go to buy groceries, milk, cigarettes, anything you need. Wed like to look at it as were just continuing what these stores and locations have already done for these communities, but in a new way, and providing convenient and safe access to high-quality cannabis.\nJB: Do you have anything else to add? Free space! What did I miss?\nBC: I want to not only build success for my family and for myself but also to pay it forward. I feel very blessed and fortunate to have accomplished all that I have and Im excited for the next phase of actually opening these three stores. Im already thinking about how I can pay it forward and how I can encourage other social equity entrepreneurs to be successful in this space", "answer groups": [" expanding geography", "new initiatives & programs", " alliance & partnership", " regulatory approval"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "partnerships & alliances"]}, {"question": "\nRead more on MLive: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Eleven Genesee County communities contract with Medstar for EMS services. Eleven Genesee County communities contract with Medstar for EMS services\nUpdated: Mar. 10, 2022, 1:36 p.m. |\nPublished: Mar. 10, 2022, 1:36 p.m.\nMedstar Ambulance vehicles line up Monday, Jan. 6, 2020. (Roberto Acosta | MLive.com)\nBy\nJoey Oliver | joliver@mlive.com\nGENESEE COUNTY, MIEleven communities across Genesee County will soon be serviced by one EMS agency.\nThe Genesee County 911 Authority voted this week to recognize agreements between 11 municipalities and Medstar, a non-profit EMS joint venture of the Henry Ford Health System, McLaren Healthcare Corporation and Ascension Michigan.\nThe agreement will better allow Medstar to position its ambulances throughout the 11 communities, beginning in approximately 60 days, according to Medstar CEO Kolby Miller.\nThis just changes the current ambulance assignment from 100 percent random to 100 percent predictable, Miller told MLive-The Flint Journal on Thursday, March 10.\nRelated\nMcLaren Bay Region ending EMS services and eliminating 74 jobs, nonprofit to take over service\nThe community contracting model removes some of the uncertainty around who will be responding to calls in a particular area, Miller said.\nWhile Medstar may still lean on mutual aid from other agencies from time to time, just as it will be able to respond to other communities for mutual aid, Miller said residents in the Genesee County communities contracted with Medstar will know who will be responding if they have a medical emergency.\nA system approach to delivering care and service works better than random happenstance that might deliver response times at some level at some time on different days by different providers from different locations, he said.\nThe 11 communities entering into the service agreement with Medstar include Atlas Township, Davison, Davison Township, Fenton Township, Forest Township, Richfield Township, Mundy Township, Gaines Township, as well as the villages of Gaines, Goodrich and Otisville.\nThose communities join more than 70 others across the state in contracting for EMS services.\nMiller, who began his EMS career in Flint in 1987 and has twice served as the President of the Michigan Association of Ambulance Services, said the system currently in place was the best that 2004 had to offer and that the agreement can improve services.\nThe new system, Miller explained, will allow Medstar to allocate the proper number of ambulances to areas based on the volume of calls they produce.\nMedstar is opening a new 12,400-square-foot deployment center at 6210 Lehman Dr. in Mundy Township.\nMiller said the facility will serve as a home base for its ambulances before they head to their respective communities for their shifts. However, the company may eventually set up substations in communities across the county.\nIt also includes a paramedic education facility, public CPR, AED, first aid training space, fleet maintenance and an expanded communications center. The facility will have 55 ambulances and 150 employees.\nThis innovative facility will advance the reliability and clinical performance of Medstars care and service throughout the communities and healthcare facilities we serve in Genesee County, Miller said in a statement. As the needs of the Genesee County community continue to grow, so does Medstars commitment.\nWe needed a larger facility to keep up with the increasing demand and talent recruitment. The new site solidifies our ongoing commitment to providing quality care for our patients and team members", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["company description", "regulatory approval", "subsidiary establishment", "closing"]}, {"question": "\nRelated Topics What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Birmingham Mail backs 2025 Invictus Games bid. 0\nA regional daily wants to bring an international sporting event to its patch after one of its columnists landed an exclusive on a bid for it.\nThe Birmingham Mailis calling for the Invictus Games to be brought to Birmingham in 2025 after a bid by Birmingham City Council for the Games was revealed by sports presenter Gary Newbon in his weekly columnfor the newspaper.\nWounded, injured and sick former and current servicemen and women compete across a variety of sports at the Games, which have been held four times across the world since 2014.\nThe Mail splashed on the campaigns launch yesterday, pictured below.\nEditor Graeme Brown\nwrote in an accompanying editorial\n: The Invictus Games is an international sporting event for wounded, injured and sick servicemen and women, both serving and veterans.\nIt has become a huge source of inspiration not only to those in the forces but to everyone in the country a huge celebration of talented people who just refuse to be stopped.\nNext year, the eyes of the world will be on Birmingham when the Commonwealth Games rolls into town and the city will shine brightly.\nPeople will come to a city with great sports facilities, return to superb hotels, enjoy a choice of wonderful bars and restaurants but more than all of that, they will enjoy a Brummie welcome.\nIt will be a showcase for a city which has much to show and a reminder to everyone (Brummies included) that its where world-class things can happen.\nIt would be fantastic opportunity for the city to honour heroes from around the world. But more important for our serving heroes it would be fantastic for them too", "answer groups": ["support & philanthropy", " company description"], "distractor groups": ["event organization", "regulatory approval", "alliance & partnership", "subsidiary establishment"]}, {"question": "\nContact: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Pleio and Medisafe Showcase Human-to-Digital Patient Engagement Future. Pleio and Medisafe Showcase Human-to-Digital Patient Engagement Future\nPress Release\nNew program combines human hello to digital embrace for long-term medication support\nBOSTON, Jan. 12, 2021 /PRNewswire/ Medisafe, a leading digital drug companion company, is teaming up with Pleio to launch a new integrated digital health model with a unique combination of human and digital resources. Known as the GoodStart program, Pleios concierge service uses mentors to acclimate patients on their prescription therapy via live phone calls and digital nudges, meeting patients need for human connection. Combining human support with digital platforms has shown to reduce patient hesitation, enhance retention, and improve adherence and outcome rates.\nOver time, the program transitions engaged patients to Medisafes digital drug companion for a longer-term medication management resource. While our digital drug companions provide exceptional guidance to patients, partnering with Pleio expands our scale with a trusted human engagement component to acquaint more patients into digital support programs, said Omri Shor, founder and chief executive officer, Medisafe. Were excited to partner with Pleio to empower patients throughout their entire journey from initiation through drug management to improved outcomes.\nThe GoodStart programs growing network extends across 12,000 community pharmacies in the US. Certified Pleio GoodStarters connect with patients by phone within 10 days of filling a new prescription to establish a rapport and guide them through relevant medication education, resources and management. From this human hello, mentors empower patients to continue their medication journey via Medisafes digital drug companion for long-term support throughout each patients therapy, delivering ongoing personalized guidance and tailored medication resources.\nThe GoodStart program builds confidence in patients by pairing a human hello with innovative digital support, guiding them on therapy with relevant resources and tools, explains Pleio CEO Michael Oleksiw. Building an empathetic personal relationship creates a pivotal connection that empowers patients to overcome any treatment hesitations and challenges throughout their journey towards success.\nNew diagnosis and medication regimens can be overwhelming and result in confusion and missed doses. The GoodStart program aims to create meaningful connections and provide needed emotional support to minimize any barriers. This joint initiative between Pleio and Medisafe presents a lower cost, turnkey solution to support patients throughout their treatment journey.\nNearly 7MM users rely on Medisafes digital drug companion, which applies real-world evidence to build connected medication management programs and influence patients behavior on therapy. To learn more about how the GoodStart program can engage patients from the human hello to a digital embrace, visit www.medisafe.com.\nAbout Pleio\nPleio, Inc. is the leader in hybrid human-digital patient engagement. We build meaningful relationships with patients on therapy using artfully scripted, live, patient centric conversations supported by digital outreach. Patients from all walks of life are easily overwhelmed when it comes to their heath, the emotions and information that intrude into their life. GoodStart, our proven white-label program forges extraordinary human connections to energize patients with an emotional bond that instills confidence, builds trust, increases adoption and triggers sustainable behavior change across a wide a variety of disease states. Pleios curated network of community pharmacies extends the care of their trusted pharmacy team by connecting patients with the support they need when and where they need it. Our LIFT, technology platform brings science into the art of human engagement with pretty cool data science to craft a mindful patient journey. Pleio is HIPAA and TCPA compliant.\nAbout Medisafe\nMedisafe is the leading evidence-based digital therapeutics company providing medication management solutions across the healthcare continuum, a $300 billion problem in the US alone. Medisafe supports patient journeys with AI driven technology that dynamically engages patients during the course of their treatment based on each patients regimen, condition and specific circumstance. Medisafe fosters collaboration among patients, their loved ones and healthcare professionals, and partners with the healthcare ecosystem, from pharma companies to payers and providers, to improve outcomes. Seven million registered patient and caregiver users have recorded on Medisafes platform over two billion successful medication doses on their iOS and Android smartphones and tablets and contributed 350,000 user reviews that average 4.7 out of 5 stars in the App Store and Google Play stores. Medisafe is a HIPAA and GDPR compliant solution and ISO 27001:2013 certified", "answer groups": [" company description", "new initiatives or programs", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "partnerships & alliances", "foundation"]}, {"question": " With the goal of making this a $1 billion business, Signet grew s What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Jewelry Market Must Prepare For A Steep Drop But Signet Jewelers Is Ready. Costco Addresses Supply Chain Pains By Chartering Their Own Ships\nWhat goes up must come down\nAs much as the industry might hope that jewelry sales continue to grow at its current heady pace, history and common sense argue otherwise.\nSince 2014, jewelry consumption advanced from $59.1 billion to $62.3 billion in 2020, some 5%, and jewelry retailer sales grew from $31.1 billion to $33.3 billion, a 7% increase.\n2014 was a pivotal year because that is when the jewelry market recovered all that it lost in the Great Recession. It took seven long years for jewelry consumption and jewelry retailer sales to exceed levels reached in 2017.\nNow with inflation running at a 40-year high, consumers are getting squeezed in all the essential areas, like food, gas, utilities and housing. That leaves less for discretionary spending and jewelry is one of the most discretionary of purchases.\nWhile economists argue about whether a recession is imminent it certainly looks like the jewelry market will undergo a course correction. How far it falls and how long it lasts is anybodys guess.\nBut jewelry consumption did pretty well for seven years through 2020 and it took seven years for the jewelry market to recover after 2007 seven years feast, seven years famine history is likely to repeat itself.\nIf change is coming and it surely will, then Signet Jewelers would seem to have the most to lose, being ranked the nations number one jewelry retailer on the\nNational Jewelers Superseller list It operates some 2,800 retail locations under its Kay, Zales, Jared, Diamonds Direct and Banter by Pierce Pagoda banners, plus DTC James Allen and Rocksbox jewelry rental, and more.\nBut just like the biblical Joseph in Egypt, CEO Gina Drosos and her team have been preparing for this moment.\nReady for whatever the future holds\nSince 2018 the company has been undergoing a transformation. Phase one in its transformation plan, Path to Brilliance, was completed in fiscal 2022 ended December 31, 2021, and now its embarked on phase two Inspiring Brilliance with the goal to achieve $9 billion in sales.\nTo date, its reached $7.8 billion in revenues, just $1.2 billion shy of that goal, and its racked up $1.6 billion in sales over the past two years.\nWhile Drosos predicts the jewelry industry will be down low-single digits to basically flat this year surely she is comparing results to 2020, not the 2021 outlier year the company is guiding to reach $8.03 billion to $8.25 billion in sales this year. There is every reason to believe that will be achieved.\nWe are demonstrating that Signet has the strategies, strength and structural advantages to consistently outpace the market and gain share while also delivering sustainable double-digit margins, Drosos said in the earning call\nHeres what she is talking about:\nScale means growth\nThroughout the earnings call, Drosos refers to scale frequently. Its capitalizing on its scale at retail, with each of its banners now clearly differentiated thanks to the Brilliance plan.\nMuch of the credit for its banner differentiation has come through a significant investment in targeted marketing, including a $180 million increase in advertising in the past year. That enabled more targeted digital advertising and gave it a 50% share of voice in television.\nThis enables us to increase customer acquisition and engaging customers with relevant messages in the right channels at the right times, Drosos explained. Customers who are responding to our marketing have higher purchase intent and are looking to spend more.\nIn North America, average transaction value was up more than 15% and in-store conversion up nearly 20% compared to two years ago. It grew its number of new customers by nearly one-third over fiscal 2021 and brought back 37% of customers whod lapsed more than two years.\nSignet is also making the most of its scale through vertical integration of its supply chain, a major competitive advantage in the current environment with industry supply chains challenged. It also gives Signet more control of prices points. It can value engineer product design for a range of good, better, best product offerings.\nAnd scale is enhanced through its enhanced data analytics capabilities. It has a fully integrated inventory management system across the entire company and insights necessary to optimize its retail footprint. Over the last four years, it reduced its retail fleet by 20%. And thanks to its efforts to differentiate its banners, a Kay and Zales stores can sit side-by-side and not cannibalize sales as they once did.\nDeeper customer connections\nIts digital e-commerce portal is leading to deeper levels of customer engagement. Approximately 65% of customers start their customer journey digitally. And some 90% of its high-value customers, who spend in excess of $500, engage across its different shopping channels.\nWhile most customer transactions are completed in store 80% versus 20% via e-commerce Drosos explained that the strategic importance of its digital platform is measured in more than just sales.\nIt's really one of the competitive advantages that I think is least understood about Signet but probably most valuable because the level of spend and the level of capability that we have put into this over the last several years is just something that is unmatched in a fragmented category, she said.\nWhat matters is how customers are shopping, how are we acquiring them and how are they moving through our purchase funnel, she added.\nGiving customers more of what they need\nWhen times get tough, discretionary purchases, like jewelry, are the first place that consumers cut. During the 2008/2009 recession, spending on jewelry dropped 14% from its 2007 high to its 2009 low.\nBut Signet, more than other jewelry companies, is shielded from that by having more of what consumers need when it comes to jewelry.\nFor most couples getting married, bridal jewelry is not a discretionary purchase but a must-have. This puts Signet is good stead where it claims 30% market share.\nThis year will be a boom time for the wedding business. Some 2.5 million weddings will take place in 2022, more than seen since 1984, and up 16% since 2019, according to the\nWedding Report\nAnd attending weddings yields a compounding effect on future wedding statistics. Dating couples who attend a wedding are the most likely to get engaged shortly afterward. So more weddings means more new couples getting married and more bridal jewelry sales down the road.\nProviding jewelry accessories for the bridal party and mothers of the bride and groom is another big opportunity for Signet this year. And it is a testing the concept of bridal subscription jewelry through its Rocksbox banner, giving bridal party members the chance to wear much more expensive jewelry than they could naturally afford for the wedding photos.\nBesides bridal, Signet is also leaning into more jewelry repair and extended service agreements", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "company description"], "distractor groups": ["expanding industry", "participation in an event", "product updates"]}, {"question": "\nThe webinars can now all be found online in case you missed them: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "3 webinars on research and innovation online. 3 webinars on research and innovation online Do you have proposals for new webinars?\n3 webinars on research and innovation online Do you have proposals for new webinars?\n3 webinars on research and innovation online Do you have proposals for new webinars?\nThe InnovatioCuris foundation of healthcare & excellence (ICFHE) together with ScanBalt and Tartu Biotechnology Park organized 3 webinars (1) Digitalization of Pathology 31 January 2019; (2) Can the potential mechanisms by which an innovation brings value be identified in advance? 14 February 2019; (3) Evolving Research in Medicine: Challenges & opportunities 7 March 2019", "answer groups": [" event organization", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "expanding geography", "executive statement", "other"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "These are the best cities around the world to travel to for a good night's sleep. •\nUpdated:\n12/05/2021 -14:24\nIt might sound strange to plan your post-pandemic break around sleep. But getting good quality sleep for a minimum of 7 hours a night has been proven to be one of the best ways to be happier and healthier. After a year of stress and anxiety, who would say no to a bit more of those?\nSo this Mental Health Awareness Week, we bring you the best places to get in some much-needed shut eye.\nIn a recent survey conducted by VAAY\n, major cities around the world were assessed for how long residents sleep for on average, and how often they undersleep as well. The results were measured against other important factors, such as mental health and average caffeine intake.\nFinn Age Hnsel, Co-Founder of VAAY, explains more, With this study we really wanted to get to the heart of whats keeping us awake at night, and whether that changes depending on where we live. Whats clear from our research was that its often not just one, but many factors - environmental, social, and political - that contribute towards a citys sleeping conditions.\nWhat do you need to get a good night's sleep?\nA common theme among the cities ranking highly were excellent scores in both mental and physical wellbeing, with Amsterdam consistently ranking highly for overall health, in spite of the pandemics impact on levels of anxiety.\nAnother interesting finding was the positive impacts of work-life balance. On average, countries that reported spending less time working beyond their set hours and less time commuting to work were among those with the best sleep quality. Dresden had the lowest overworking and commuting time, and came in at number seven overall.\nWhere in the world are people having the best sleep?\nIn the shortlist of 75 cities, places which scored best for the sleep quality were:\n1. Amsterdam\nAmsterdam is the best city in the world for a good night's sleep\nAndrew Slifkin / Unsplash\nThe Dutch capital was the highest performer when it came to residents sleeping patterns. Perhaps its all the fresh air you get when cycling, or maybe its the slightly less fresh air in its famous coffee shops.\n2. Auckland\nSprawled over volcanic hills and squeezed between twin harbours, Auckland is a perfect slice of New Zealand beauty. Maybe these beautiful surroundings are part of the reason residents of Auckland sleep so peacefully.\n3. Glasgow\nHome to an array of cultural institutions including the Scottish Opera and the National Theatre of Scotland, Glasgow scored highly in job and financial security. This was seen as helping locals to sleep easier at night.\nWhich are the worst cities for sleeping?\n1. Sao Paolo\nSao Paulo is one of the worst destinations for sleep quality\nR. Spegel / Unsplash\nUnfortunately Sao Paolo in Brazil is one of the most highly polluted cities in the world The population scores poorly in mental and physical health too.\n2. Tokyo\nOne of the most populated cities in the world with one of the worlds oldest populations Tokyo scored low due to incidences of chronic pain severely affecting the sleep quality of its residents.\n3. Los Angeles\nThe USs celebrity hot spot was another low scorer, with its bad sleep quality linked to its reputation for long commutes and overworked employees", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "article publication"], "distractor groups": ["patent publication", "clinical trial sponsorship", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": " said What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "DeFacto Digital Smart Store: The first smartest digital fashion store of the world The. ) DeFacto brings the retailing concept of the future to Turkey\nPoised to become a world brand in accessible fashion, DeFacto pioneers digitalization of the retail and ready wear sector with its smart store concept. The company broke new ground and brought to life the smart store concept in the fashion field at Akasya Mall. Thanks to smart screens, users will be able to examine digital copies of all products within a minute and purchase any outfit immediately.\nDeFacto, a leading brand in Turkeys ready wear sector, ushered a new era in the retailing field. Setting off with an eye to pioneer the digitalization of the retail and ready wear sector, the company broke new ground in Turkey with its newly opened store at Akasya Mall, Istanbul. In the smartest fashion store visitors will have a quick, easy and comfortable experience, thanks to robot sales consultants and digital smart mirrors.\nAll options are on the screen at the same time\nAt DeFacto Digital Smart Store, robots will greet shoppers, and direct them on how to use the system. Thanks to smart mirrors at changing rooms, users will easily be able to examine any product they would like to buy. They will be able to see different size and color options and have a digital shopping experience in this way.\nMoreover, the smart store will not have any cash desk. Customers will be able to purchase products by paying via automatic check-out or through kiosks. They will be able to purchase products from their preferred address within one day without paying shipment fees and carrying bags. Additionally, they will also be able to get them from another DeFacto store one hour later. The store will be completely paperless, thus natural resources will also be preserved.\nWe lead the digital transformation in the sector\nDeFacto CEO Ihsan Ates said in his statement about the smart store concept that local software underpins the digital transformation journey of the company. Emphasizing that they founded a technology company soon after DeFacto itself was founded, Ate", "answer groups": ["new initiatives or programs", " company description", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["partnerships & alliances", "event organization"]}, {"question": "\nShow source version on What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Digital Collectibles Platform Blockparty Partners with Warner Music Group. NEW YORK(BUSINESS WIRE)January 21, 2022\nDigital collectibles platform Blockparty today announced its first major partnership with Warner Music Group (WMG), giving WMG artists access to the worlds leading non-fungible token (NFT) Web3 technology. This collaboration allows Warner Music artists to be among the very first creators to take advantage of the Blockpartys (DEX) decentralized exchange, a community-driven exchange platform that allows collectors to trade digital assets from a way that did not exist until now.\nFor the first time ever, with Blockpartys DEX, artists and creators will have the ability to participate in NFT exchanges. Those using the DEX have the option to sell their NFTs, where they can combine existing NFTs to trade, trade, or sell. By cutting out the middleman, creators, artists, collectors and fans can now connect directly like never before through this unique experience.\nWe were thrilled to work with Warner Music Group, a company that continues to be at the forefront of technology and entertainment-based innovation. We look forward to tapping into our expertise and creativity as we work with individual artists to ensure they have all the tools they need to participate in Web3 and do so in a way that is uniquely their own. to their brand and communities, says Vladislav Ginzburg, CEO of Blockparty. Early access to our DEX will give WMG artists the ability to both expand their audience to reach Web3 enthusiasts and foster deeper connections with their existing community by amplifying fan experiences.\nOana Ruxandra, Chief Digital Officer & EVP, Business Development, WMG adds: As technology and consumption patterns evolve, it is imperative that we equip our artists and songwriters with all the tools they need to participate in the virtual economy. This partnership with Blockparty extends the reach of WMG Web3 by enabling artists and songwriters to create their own digital stories through NFTs.\nAdvancing Collaboration is the first NFT release with superstar STIG from Warner Music Finlands releasing a series of NFTs. As an artist familiar with the blockchain landscape, STIG plans to use these tools to launch NFTs that capture his iconic mustache and line of fashionable 5-panel caps a nod to found wearables. in the Metaverse and its ambitions to participate in it.\nTo learn more about how Blockparty connects communities with the artists, creators, and brands they love, visit https://www.blockparty.co/\nAbout Blockparty\nBlockparty, an early adopter of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) having created its first NFT in 2018, is powering next-gen e-commerce to help creators and collectors bridge the gap between new audiences and the NFT community. As the lead developer of the NFT protocol and its decentralized exchange, its NFT platform empowers consumer enthusiasts to fully create, own, sell and trade digital assets and engage with global brands. world in a more efficient and connected way, and allows creators to create more valuable relationships by giving collectors the opportunity to engage and contribute to their personal communities. Founded in 2017, Blockparty was built with the community in mind and supports all brands, artists, creators, fans and collectors in their efforts to connect with each other through NFTs. For more information, visit\nhttps://www.blockparty.co/\nAbout Warner Music Group\nWith a heritage spanning more than 200 years, Warner Music Group (WMG) today brings together artists, songwriters and entrepreneurs who are changing the culture of entertainment around the world. Operating in over 70 countries through a network of affiliates and licensees, the WMG Recorded Music division includes renowned labels such as 300 Entertainment, Asylum, Atlantic, Big Beat, Canvasback, Elektra, Erato, First Night, Fueled by Ramen , Nonesuch, Parlophone, Reprise, Rhino, Roadrunner, Sire, Spinnin, Warner Records, Warner Classics and Warner Music Nashville. WMGs music publishing arm, Warner Chappell Music, has a catalog of over one million copyrights spanning every genre of music, from Great American Songbook standards to the greatest hits of the 21st century. Warner Music Group is also home to ADA, the independent artist and label services company, as well as the next-generation artist services division WMX, which includes consumer brands such as Songkick, the live music app; EMP, the e-merchant of goods; UPROXX, the youth culture destination; and HipHopDX, the hip-hop music information site. In addition, WMG counts storytelling powerhouse Warner Music Entertainment and social media content creator IMGN among its many brands", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["investment in public company", "event organization", "partnerships & alliances"]}, {"question": "\n0 What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "GTS HMO Clients Can Now Have a Remote Consultation From Home. April 13, 2020\n2:06 pm\nTelemedicine services enable GTS clients to have remote consultation with physicians within the comforts of their own home.\nGTS Insurance Brokers, Inc. (GTS), a full service insurance broking company, encourages its clients to avail of the telemedicine services of their health maintenance organization (HMO) partners such as Maxicare, Intellicare, Medicard, and PhilCare when in need of medical consultation.\nTelemedicine services enable GTS clients to have remote consultation with physicians within the comforts of their own home. These consultations can be done via video conferencing, telephone call, or text messaging. These can help them get initial screenings for their medical needs.\nAside from protecting them from possible exposure to novel coronavirus (COVID-19) while outside, remote medical consultations can also help decongest hospitals and support front liners in the middle of the current pandemic.\nMaxicare members can call the companys telephone consultation hotline at (02) 8582-1980. Meanwhile, Intellicare, Medicard, and PhilCare have mobile applications that will initially take the users current condition using a series of questions then connect them to their respective physicians. These apps are Call Doc Medgate for Intellicare, My Pocket Doctor for Medicard, and HeyPhil for PhilCare. Mobile applications can be downloaded via Google Play Store and Apple App Store.\nBeing able to speak with a doctor remotely when you are ill can guide you on your most immediate course of action given your condition, said Cheryl Tiambeng, Executive Vice President & Chief Operations Officer of GTS. While telemedicine is an innovation our HMO partners have been offering for a while now, this is a service that proves especially useful to insurance clients, in light of whats happening today. We hope to be able to provide more ways to help our clients protect themselves and their families during these challenging times.\nGTS has more than 50 life and non-life insurance partners including HMOs that provide remote consultation services.\nTo know more about GTS visit www.gtsinsure.com or visit their Facebook page at @gtsinsure", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " company description", "new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["ipo exit"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Oasis Growth fuelled by Agility and Resilience. Comment\nKiran Gadela (CEO)-Oasis Fertility\nCOVID-19 has put unrivaled exertions on the healthcare sector, and when the pandemic struck for the first time, the sectors' resilience was put to test, forcing the entire system to bring innovative technologies to the market. The revolutionary technology of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) has been a savior for families struggling with infertility, enabling them to experience the joy of parenthood.\nAccording to the data by World Health Organisation, around 48 million couples and 186 million individuals have infertility globally. Over the last two decades, fertility rates have been continuously declining in India. Also, to the most recent statistics from the National Family Health Survey, India's fertility rate has been deteriorating, with the 2019-21 survey putting it at an all-time low of 1.6 in the urban population and 2.1 in the rural population. To top it, various factors like changing lifestyle and a significant number of the sub-fertile population contribute to the increased demand for infertility treatments.\nDue to an increase in infertility rates, the IVF sector is predicted to grow at a CAGR of 20% in the upcoming years. IVF is one of the most widely known types of assisted reproductive technology (ART). It works by using a combination of medicines and surgical procedures to help sperm fertilize an egg and then implanting the egg in the uterus.\nAs the pandemic situation improved with time, the demand for IVF clinics and their services resumed while following the guidelines that ensured the safety and security of the patients and staff, like social distancing, wearing a mask and regular fumigation and deep cleaning of the premises, and sanitization of hands and equipment used for medical procedures.\nDuring the first wave, the fear factor was at its highest. We did our best to adhere to international safety protocols to overcome pandemic anxiety and encourage couples to resume their plans to start a family. We did everything we could to keep the couples and our employees safe during the pandemic, from vaccinating our employees to spacing out consultations and offering online counseling says Kiran Gadela, Co-founder and Managing Director, Oasis Fertility a leading chain of fertility clinics in India.\nThe company introduced an innovative initiative IVF @ Home to overcome the COVID apprehensions and fright patients have while seeking treatment at the hospital. Here, IVF is being provided at the doorstep of the patient, with minimal visits to the clinics, thereby reducing any risks of getting COVID infected.\nWithin 3 months of the first wave, we came up with this concept. We aimed to reduce the fear and worry of couples and encourage them to begin their parenthood journey without any difficulty, even during difficult times, with the help of our committed and agile multidisciplinary teams. This special project arose because we knew the outbreak was here to stay, and deferring pregnancy is not a viable choice as fertility declines with age adds Sudhaker Jadhav, Chief Operating Officer, Oasis Fertility.\nDuring the first two waves, people put their conception plans on hold- first due to the COVID 19 fright, but eventually people started realizing that there is no end in sight. With the world now going through the third wave with the Omicron variant and couples knowing that COVID 19 is here to stay, IVF clinics are observing the inflow of patients in 2022 compared to that of 2021 and 2020. Moreover, there have been changes in consumer behavior and the severe and long-term economic effect is still being felt by the healthcare sector.\nDespite the economy's slowing growth, technological developments, particularly post-pandemic, have benefited the health business. Only those who were able to adapt to the new normal survived.\nRecent research by WHO shows one in six couples (globally) has some degree of infertility issue. India collectively is doing 3,00,000 IVF cycles and the need is expected to be almost ten times the current number. Oasis Fertility is striving to fill the gaps in the segment, they have added 8 more centres in this year taking the count to 25 centres.\nOur relentless focus on technology, clinical excellence and a scientific approach in all we do contributes to (a) best in class success rates and (b) a transparent and seamless experience of the couples seeking treatment through the use of technology-enabled solutions. It's been a gratifying year thus as we doubled our growth from the previous year. We have a clear road map to onboard and train more senior fertility specialists and embryologists - and deepen our presence into tier ii and tier iii cities of India as well. adds Kiran Gadela.\nAs the pandemic caused a paradigm shift in the entire healthcare ecosystem, organized fertility chains like Oasis Fertility are leaving no stone unturned in terms of thought leadership, creating awareness, and trying to dispel misconceptions about infertility. They also focus on educating people about the wide range of treatment possibilities and instill faith and hope in the couples seeking treatments.\nDisclaimer: Content Produced by Oasis Fertility\n(Catch all the Business News Breaking NewsEvents and Latest NewsUpdates on The Economic Times)\nDownload The Economic Times News Appto get Daily Market Updates & Live Business News.\n..", "answer groups": [" new initiatives or programs", " company description", "article publication", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs", "regulatory approval"]}, {"question": "\nSarah L Farmer What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "AHP SELECTED AS ADMINISTRATOR FOR UNPRECEDENTED EFFORT TO IMPROVE CALIFORNIAS BEHAVIORAL HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE. AHP\n), a consulting and research firm in Pasadena focused on improving health and human services systems, was selected by the California Department of Health Care Services and the California Department of Social Services to be the Administrative Entity for two vital new statewide programs.\nThe Behavioral Health Continuum Infrastructure Program (BHCIP) and the Community Care Expansion Program (CCE) fund local projects designed to expand the behavioral health infrastructure and address historic gaps in the long-term care continuum serving seniors, people with disabilities, people at risk of homelessness, and those with behavioral health needs. BHCIP is also an investment in mobile crisis infrastructure related to behavioral health.\nThese two projects represent the greatest investment in behavioral health infrastructure in Californias history, notes Patrick Gauthier, one of the companys directors. These projects are building local and statewide capacity to meet our states greatest needs.\nThese investments will ensure facilities dedicated to serving vulnerable adults and seniors can provide care and treatment in the least restrictive settings by creating a wide range of options, including outpatient alternatives, urgent care, peer respite, wellness centers, and social rehabilitation models.\nIve always believed we could build hope, confidence, careers, and safe, inclusive communities simultaneously, Gauthier continued, This is truly a once in a lifetime opportunity and were honored to bring our team of the best and brightest professionals to the challenge.\nBHCIP and CCE issued a joint Request for Applications (RFA) on February 15, 2022.\nFor more information, interested applicants can visit our program website(\nhttps://www.infrastructure.buildingcalhhs.com/joint-request-for-applications-rfa/\n).\nFor more than 35 years, AHP been dedicated to the health, behavioral health, and social needs of this countrys most vulnerable populations. AHP improves health and human services systems of care and business operations to help organizations and individuals reach their full potential", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " expanding industry", " company description", "new initiatives or programs"], "distractor groups": ["event organization"]}, {"question": " Were also thinking about other features and elements we would like to incorporat What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "When this fitness instructors studio closed during the pandemic, she created a line of at-home Pilates equipment. In February of 2020, fitness instructor Melissa Bentivoglio opened\nFrame Fitness\na Pilates studio in Rosedale featuring custom-designed machines. Only six weeks later, she was forced to close her doors. So, during the pandemic, Bentivoglio designed a sleek, compact and techy Pilates reformer machine for at-home use, raising $5 million in seed financing with her husband and co-founder, Lee Belzberg. Heres how she got started.\nAs told to Karoun Chahinian\n\nGrowing up, I was a classically trained ballerina, competitive dancer and a provincial soccer player. I was dancing 30 hours a week and competing all over North America throughout my childhood and adolescence. Then, when I was 18, I fractured my pelvic bone and a doctor suggested I take up Pilates to help in my recovery.\nI immediately fell in love with the exercise, and I completed my first mat Pilates certification in 2004 while studying psychology at U of T. In addition to Pilates, I also did a yoga certification and became a personal trainer. When I discovered reformer Pilates a little while later, I immediately fell with the efficacy of the workout. It is low-impact but high intensity and felt like a natural evolution of my dance expression.\nI met my partner in life and in business, Lee Belzberg, at a party in Muskoka 12 years ago. Now, we have three beautiful and spirited children, who we raise in Lytton Park. At the time, Lee was a partner at Summit Wealth, a benefits consulting firm that focused on private equity, and I had begun teaching Pilates in Torontos top studios and developed a robust client roster of professional athletes, medical doctors and top executives.\nFor the last decade, I continued growing my brand as a fitness instructor. I was happy with my work, and ecstatic to be able to make a career out of a passion. However I started thinking more about the reformer itselfits a versatile machine made up of a big rectangular frame with a rolling platform and resistance springsthat helps tone your core while keeping your spine and back stable. I asked myself, How can I make the reformer better? In early 2018, my focus shifted from training to product design. I sought out one of the leading industrial designers at the time and flew to New York City to design my own studio reformer.\nIt took about two years to get the Frame by Melissa reformer right. I would fly back and forth to New York while we were prototyping for functionality and aesthetics. The biggest thing was making sure all the moving elements, like the handlebars or springs, functioned well. At the same time, I was also renovating and designing a fully bespoke boutique brick-and-mortar studio in Rosedale.\nEverything was starting to come together by early 2020. I had manufactured 16 custom reformers and my studio, which was a full gut job, was finally ready. Frame Fitness officially opened its doors in February of 2020 with a lot of excitement in the community. In our second week, our classes began to sell out and the energy in the studio was infectious. Little did I know, we would only stay open for six short weeks. The pandemic hit and our doors were forced to close.\nI was devastated as a result of the closure, but those first few weeks of the pandemic allowed me much needed rest. The creative part of my brain was in full swing. During one of my home workouts, my mind started to wander, and I thought of a concept that I had while designing my first reformerwhich was for an at-home Pilates machinebut I didnt have the mental bandwidth then to explore a second concept. The idle time allowed me to focus on the idea. It felt very serendipitous.\nThere had been so much growth in the competitive landscape of at-home fitness prior to the pandemic and it was something that I anticipated would only continue to grow. People have busy lives and everyone likes convenience and flexibility. People may work out at home four days a week, but then they will jump into a SoulCycle class on a Saturday morning or meet their girlfriends on Thursday night for a Solidcore class. I was paying attention to this transition and noticed its potential. I knew I had a great idea because as popular as reformer Pilates is, reformers are not designed for the home. They are cumbersome and require complicated instruction. Once I was forced to close down, I knew it was time. I thought, Lets do this.\nI had gone through the design process once before, so when I went back to the drawing board in March of 2020 to sketch out the new at-home reformer, I had a lot more confidence. I knew my compact version had to be smaller, lighter, foldable, user-friendly and, most importantly, it needed an interactive video screen that would allow me to guide viewers through movements.\nWe began approaching investors at the height of Covids first wave via Zoom from our home in Toronto. Its challenging to secure capital with early-stage startups because of the high risk. This was my first attempt at raising money, and the pandemic added an extra layer of complexity. It was intimidating. The first time I pitched my concept to a group of investors, it brought me back to doing presentations for a class at universityonly 1,000 times worse because the stakes were a lot higher.\nLee is innately gifted at developing a far-reaching professional network, and he was able to get me in front of those connections. We closed our private seed round in March of 2021 with $5 million from a total of 30 investors, including Mark Mastrov, founder and former CEO of 24 Hour Fitness; Jim Rowley, CEO of Crunch Fitness; Michael Bruno, CEO and chairman of Core Health and Fitness; Ernie Moody, founder of Action Gaming; and Jaclyn Johnson, founder of Create and Cultivate.\nI started working on the at-home reformer with my previous industrial designer but later transitioned to a phenomenally talented designer that I could bring in-house to collaborate with me throughout the entire process. In September of 2021, we launched Frame Fitness and two months later, we opened up for pre-orders. The response has been overwhelming. We sold 100 units in the first 48 hours. Our growth has been entirely organic, and its exciting and gratifying to see the reception.\nRight now, the reformers are getting ready for mass production, and were planning to ship to consumers in early spring 2022. In the meantime, we have been working to continue to evolve the business. We just filmed an exciting video campaign in New York that will launch in January. I am also working on creating content for subscribers as well as adding fitness instructors to the Frame team.\nWere not just creating a system for Pilates. Were making our screen swivelable so users can stream classes for yoga, stretching and weight training. Weve also incorporated kid-friendly tutorials so everyone in the family can join in. Our main goal is to ensure our user interface and user experience are versatile, functional and intuitive", "answer groups": [" company description", "funding round", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["expanding geography"]}, {"question": " What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "AMG solidifies healthcare imprint across VisMin Manila Bulletin. Visayas Community Medical Center (VCMC) in Cebu.\nCebu-based healthcare company grows its presence in key cities in VisMin\nAppleOne Medical Group (AMG), the healthcare arm of Cebu-based property developer AppleOne Properties, Inc. (API), is forging ahead in elevating healthcare standards in the Visayas and Mindanao regions. To date, AMG has acquired three hospitals under its wing: Visayas Med in Cebu, United Shalom Hospital in Tacloban, and Brokenshire Hospital in Davao.\nExpanding by way of acquisition, the first came in July of 2020 when AMG went into a joint venture partnership with the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP) for the management and operations of Visayas Med, then the Visayas Community Medical Center (VCMC). A well-regarded institution that has been a beacon of hope in Cebu for over 69 years now, VCMC was placed for expansion, modernization, and enhancement of facilities and services.\nSince then, the hospital has experienced significant changes. Firstly, in overall capacity expansion. Some important highlights include the addition of 36 new private rooms, an expanded hemodialysis facility, newly-renovated operating theaters (OR) along with two new ones, and updated and modern equipment/machines to aid in the skills of the doctors.\nA forthcoming significant development for Visayas Med is the addition of the AppleOne Medical Arts Building (MAB). Currently underway, MAB will be the premier health and wellness facility in the region with physicians clinics and doctors offices, specialized diagnostics centers, medical laboratories, and commercial retail spaces, among others. MAB will further complement the hospital and complete the integrated healthcare experience.\nUnited Shalom Hospital (USH) in Tacloban, formerly Bethany Hospital, opened its doors to the Leyte-Samar areas on December 28, 2021 as the second hospital under AMGs wing. Initially on its first run or soft opening to the public, USH is offering diagnostics and inpatient services as it continues to enhance its facilities.\nToday, USH is a newly-built Level 1 hospital with a capacity of 100 beds, 2 operating theaters, a delivery room, a level 2 accredited laboratory, dialysis, imaging (X-ray), dedicated pharmacy, and 80 affiliated doctors to champion the mission of the hospital. The goal for the coming year is to transition to a level 2 hospital with an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) capacity.\nThe third and most recent hospital to be added to the AMG portfolio is Brokenshire Hospital in Davao. Currently a level-3 general hospital with a 200 bed capacity, Brokenshire is among the few in the country that specialize in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). It is the only one in Mindanao that offers Hybrid Endolap Surgery with Spyglass.\nUnder the new management led by AMG, the hospital will continue to experience significant changes in terms of the expansion of its services and specialties, and improved facilities and amenities, and medical force. More comprehensive and modern technology will be added to complement its growing services.\nAPIs foray into healthcare is according to the direction of its President & CEO, Ray Go Manigsaca. Envisioned even before the onset of the pandemic, moving into healthcare was a timely and necessary progression of the company, given its 12-year track record in property management and development. With our strength and expertise in development and operations, and a keen foresight into the market, strengthened with our agile and dynamic approach to all our businesses, we are wholly committed to strengthening the foundation of our healthcare industry with well-equipped and well-supported hospitals around the region, explains Manigsaca on the expansion into healthcare.\nFor more information on AppleOne Properties, Inc., call (+6332) 231-5223", "answer groups": ["expanding geography", " new initiatives or programs", " executive statement", " m&a", " alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": []}, {"question": "\nTAGS What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "New Anantara-Verita partnership to bring health centres into hotels starting first with Bangkok. New Anantara-Verita partnership to bring health centres into hotels, starting first with Bangkok\nBy\nTTG Asia\n/ Posted on 1 October, 2019 11:42\nAnantara Hotels, Resorts & Spas has entered into its first-ever joint venture with Verita Healthcare Group to collaborate on a global network of integrated, property-based health centres, which will cater to the increasing demand for personalised innovative travel and wellness offerings that go beyond traditional fitness and spa services.\nWilliam Heinecke, chairman and founder of Minor International, owning company of Anantara Hotels, Resorts & Spas, said that the joint venture is a global first and timely with the increasing demand for luxury tailored travel and wellness offerings, added to the fact that international wellness tourism on its own is expected to grow to US$1 trillion by 2022.\nWith a handshake, Minor Internationals William Heinecke (left) and Verita Healthcare Groups Julian Andriesz seals the deal between both companies to collaborate on a global network of integrated, property-based health centres\nThe partnership with Singapore-based MNC Verita is a vote of confidence for medical tourism industry, said Thomas Meier, senior vice president of Anantara Hotels, Resorts & Spas, Asia.\nFollowing the initial collaboration in Bangkok, joint projects will be launched in Thailand and throughout Asia-Pacific.\nSlated to open in 1Q2020, the Verita health facility is currently in development at Anantara Riverside Bangkok Resort and represents Anantaras first foray into healthcare. The 677m2 centre will feature dark IV infusion rooms with sleep-promoting light therapy, streamlined VIP suites, a meditative garden and private consultations pods.\nOwing to aging populations and increasing levels of chronic diseases due to modern lifestyle habits, there has been a rise in the demand for more sophisticated, scientifically-based therapies and services focused on smart early prevention and life extension, said Anantara in a statement.\nVerita Healthcare Group founder and CEO Julian Andriesz said that the Anantara-Verita joint venture will allow people to take proactive, personalised steps towards extending their healthy lifespans, reversing the effects associated with aging, and enhancing their overall human performance.\nThe health facilitys treatment menu will combine diagnostics and a digital health platform. Technology provides advanced health analytics and reports in real-time for immediate consultation and recommendation of personalised programmes. The latest innovations such as the recovery XR cryotherapy chamber and cardio-synchronised vascular physiotherapy specifically target issues such as biological age reduction and performance improvement.\nThe facility will also help clients in customising diet and fitness plans to suit their genetics, aid them in issues concerning their weight, sleep, libido or immune system, or offer them a fast detox or energy boost", "answer groups": [" executive statement", " service & product providing", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["regulatory approval", "investment in public company"]}, {"question": "\n\nCOPENHAGEN, Denmark NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg says What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Live updates: Nordic power firms ready to aid Baltic nations. Save\nCOPENHAGEN, Denmark Four Nordic energy companies say they are ready to help the three Baltic nations in the event Russia curbs or completely cuts electricity exports to its smaller neighbors.\nDenmarks Energinet, Statnett of Norway, Swedens Svenska kraftnat and Fingrid Oyj of Finland said in a statement theyve secured routines and identified eventual ambiguities in a scenario where the Baltics are disconnected from the Russian grid.\nIn such a scenario, frequency support from the Nordic system will be needed. The Baltic (Transmission System Operators) have restricted the import from Russia in order not to risk a serious situation in the event of a sudden disconnection from the Russian system, the statement released by Fingrid Oyj said.\nEstonia, Latvia and Lithuania are still reliant on their Russian neighbor for much of their electricity needs.\n\nKEY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR:\n Ukraine\nin airstrike on theater in Mariupol; hunger stalking besieged areas\n President Biden visits Poland a complex ally on Ukraines doorstep\n Some prominent Russiansquit jobs, refuse to support the war on Ukraine\n EU, US announce\n Go to https://apnews.com/hub/russia-ukrainefor more coverage\n\nOTHER DEVELOPMENTS:\nNEW YORK The deputy head of Russias military general staff says that 1,351 Russian soldiers have died in Ukraine.\nCol.-Gen. Sergei Rudskoi also said Friday that 3,825 have been wounded.\nNATO estimated on Wednesday that 7,000 to 15,000 Russian soldiers have been killedin four weeks of war in Ukraine.\nThe Russian figure did not appear to include the Moscow-backed separatists fighting in eastern Ukraine, and it was not clear whether the toll encompassed Russian forces not part of the Defense Ministry, such as the National Guard.\n\nWARSAW, Poland -- Polish President Andrzej Duda was unable to welcome U.S. President Joe Biden on his arrival in Rzeszow due a technical problem with the Polish presidential plane taking him from Warsaw.\nJakub Kumoch, a top adviser to Duda, said Friday that the Polish presidential plane had to make an emergency landing in Warsaw.\nThe plane landed safely and Duda was waiting for a replacement plane.\n\nMEDYKA, Poland -- Refugees from the war in Ukraine are among those who will be watching the visit of U.S. President Joe Biden to Poland, which began on Friday afternoon with a stop in the eastern Polish city of Rzeszow.\nSome hope the visit might bring concrete steps to help their homeland as it is under attack.\nLyra Syniavska, 42, from Lviv, said that Ukrainians expect more help than what they have received so far.\nWe are getting a lot of help now, really a lot. But our people are still suffering, especially those who lives in the eastern part (of Ukraine), she said.\nAlina Sylkina, 26, from the eastern Luhansk region, says she wishes NATO would close the airspace over Ukraine -- though the alliance has said it wont take that step.\nDuring his visit to Rzeszow, Biden will be briefed on the humanitarian response to the refugees streaming out of Ukraine. He will also meet U.S. service members. Biden is due in Warsaw on Saturday.\n\nVILNIUS, Lithuania An exhibition of photos of civilian victims and shelling in Kyiv and Mariupol has been put up at the Vilnius railway station so that travelers on trains crossing Lithuania for the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad will see the images.\nThe Lithuanian railway said Friday that the 24 photographs were selected by the Lithuanian Press Photographers Club. A text on the photos says in Russian that President Vladimir Putin is killing innocent people in Ukraine today. Are you OK with that?\nLithuanian Railways CEO Egidijus Lazauskas said that the exhibition is a symbolic show of support.\nTransit trains run daily from Moscow to Kaliningrad, which is sandwiched between Lithuania and Poland.\nAt home, Russia has tightly controlled news of what it describes as a special military operation in Ukraine.\n\nCOPENHAGEN, Denmark Finlands national railway company says it will suspend services between Helsinki and the Russian city of St. Petersburg from this weekend, closing one of the last public transport routes for Russians who want to reach the European Union.\nCiting the sanctions imposed on Russia, the head of passenger traffic with state-owned VR, Topi Simola, said that people who wanted to depart from Russia have had adequate time to leave.\nOnly the morning train from Helsinki to St Petersburg will be operated on Sunday while the afternoon train will be cancelled. Both services from St Petersburg will be operated. After that, trains will be suspended until further notice.\nVR said customers can cancel their tickets at no cost.\n\nGENEVA The U.N. human rights office says its strict methodology in counting casualties in Ukraines conflict has yielded very few confirmed casualties in Mariupol, largely because of difficulties getting access in and information out of the besieged port city.\nMatilda Bogner, who heads the rights offices Ukraine branch, noted that council leaders in Mariupol have estimated more than 2,000 civilian deaths in the city following Russias military invasion on Feb. 24.\nOverall, the rights office has counted at least 1,035 civilians killed in Ukraine and 1,650 injured but Bogner said it doesnt have a the full picture of locations that have seen intense fighting, in particular Mariupol and Volnovakha. The office has acknowledged that its tally is likely to underestimate the actual toll.\n\nMOSCOW Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov says Russia is facing total war declared by the West.\nLavrov said at a meeting on Friday that a real hybrid war, total war was declared on us. He said the goal was to destroy, break, annihilate, strangle the Russian economy, and Russia on the whole.\nDuring the first month of what Russia describes as a special military operation in Ukraine, the West imposed tough measures targeting Russias economy and financial system as well as President Vladimir Putin and Russian oligarchs.\nDespite that, Lavrov said Russia was not isolated.\nWe have many friends, allies, partners in the world, a huge number of associations in which Russia is working with countries of all continents, and we will continue to do so, Lavrov said. He added that the vast majority of states wont join the Western sanctions policy against Russia.\n\nKYIV, Ukraine Mariupols city government says the Kremlin's main political party has opened a political office in a shopping mall on the outskirts of the besieged city.\nAccording to the post on the citys Telegram channel, the United Russia office is distributing promotional materials as well as mobile phone cards for an operator that functions in the nearby Russia-backed separatist regions.\nMariupols communication links have been all but severed since the siege began in early March. Cell phone, television and radio towers have been targeted in Russian airstrikes and artillery barrages", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "support & philanthropy"], "distractor groups": ["clinical trial sponsorship", "partnerships & alliances", "product launching & presentation"]}, {"question": "8m in investment for nanosensor platform What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Refurbed partners with Irish tree planting project. Online marketplace Refurbed has partnered with Irish tree planting project Reforest Nation to help rebuild native woodlands and offset carbon emissions.\nThe partnership, which has been announced to coincide with National Tree Week, will see Reforest Nation join Eden Reforestation Project as a key part of the companys goal to counteract any CO2 emissions produced as a result of the refurbishment of its electronics.\nCustomers buying a refurbished device from the website will be able to choose Ireland as a country in which to plant a tree as part of the process.\nEden Reforestation Projects plants trees in countries including Haiti, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and Nepal.\nRefurbed plants a tree for every product it sells; the company said in 2021 it has planted 1 million trees, with more than 25,000 from Irish customers who have bought refurbished technology in the past year.\nThe announcement is particularly timely as National Tree Week is recognised in Ireland this week. Reforest Nation is on an ambitious mission, and I am thrilled that refurbed can be part of their journey to make a real difference across Ireland and beyond, said Peter Windschhofer, chief executive and co-founder of Refurbed.\nIrish consumers have contributed significantly to the number of trees we have planted in the past year, and we hope in 2022 that this number will increase further. This partnership will also allow Irish consumers to have a positive impact on the native reforestation efforts in their home country.\nFounded in 2017 by Mr Windischhofer, Kilian Kaminski and Jrgen Riedl, Refurbed employs more than 150 people and operates in Ireland, Austria, Germany, Italy, France, Sweden, the Netherlands and Denmark.\nRefurbeds refurbishment process includes a 40-step procedure to return products to factory condition before they are sold. The tree planting offsets the emissions from this process.\nReforest Nation are doing tremendous work in trying to revitalise Irelands forestation and this was a natural fit for Refurbed in terms of matching our goals, mission and values as a whole, said Pdraig Power, Refurbeds marketing manager for Ireland. Along with our other markets, Refurbeds objective is to get one refurbished device into every household in Ireland. We believe that with the shift to a circular economy, people will be more conscious of their purchases, particularly electronic devices such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. With the option to assist in the redevelopment of our forest lands, I believe people will be drawn to this new partnership with Reforest Nation in helping our country face the challenges of fighting climate change.\nReforest Nation has a goal of planting one million trees by 2024 to help restore biodiversity and fight climate change. The organisation has planted 35,000 in Ireland since it was established in 2020, with a further 75,000 in Africa, Asia and central America.\nI am excited to welcome Refurbed as an ecosystem level planting partner of our organisation as we aim to achieve our target of planting one million trees by 2024, said Gearid McEvoy, founder of Reforest Nation. Our goal is to make an impact in the world with the restoration of biodiversity and I know this is something which is shared with the team at refurbed. They are doing some outstanding work in making customers aware of the circular economy, particularly with day-to-day or modern must-need products such as smartphones, tablets and laptops amongst others. I believe together, we can work to make a big difference not only amongst consumers, but also in the physical landscape of this country.\nThe Government previously announced plans to plant 440 million trees for 2040. Ireland currently has 11 per cent of land covered with trees, with only 2 per cent of that consisting of native trees.\nTopics:\nWebsite set up to connect Irish businesses with Ukraine refugees\nHow to protect yourself from fake news and propaganda online\nFacebook parent Meta fined 17m by Irish Data Protection Commission\nTechnology and the green glow of Ireland\nIs Intel's 12bn investment just a consolation prize?\nCould Apples new iPad Air replace your laptop?\nSalesforce software provider Gearset to open office in Belfast\nIrish-founded Woebot secures $9.5m from pharma giant Bayer\nWeb Summit seeks to prevent co-founders firm pursuing 5m-10m profit share claim\nCauseway secures 1", "answer groups": ["alliance & partnership", " executive statement"], "distractor groups": ["subsidiary establishment", "partnerships & alliances", "new initiatives & programs", "foundation"]}, {"question": "\nTags: What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Dynamic AV partners Softlogic Retail for AV Solutions to homes. Dynamic AV partners Softlogic Retail for AV Solutions to homes\nDynamic AV partners Softlogic Retail for AV Solutions to homes\nMonday, March 21, 2022 - 01:00\nBusiness\nRuwan Attanayaka, Senior Product Manager of Softlogic; Mohan Abeyasinghe, Deputy Charmanof Dynamic AV Technologies, Mohammed Rizvi CEO of Softlogic Retail, Malik Fernando, Managing Director of Dynamic AV Technologies and Dhanushka Fernando, Director and COO of Dynamic AV Technologies.\nDynamic AV Technologies, the leading professional audio-visual solutions specialist, has joined hands with Softlogic Retail, to launch an extensive range of world class prosumer products with value for money propositions to customers. The company entered into the partnership after identifying that customers swiftly moved to digital solutions following the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, whether it was for purchasing groceries or indulging in entertainment.\nIn this new socially distanced world, we identified a gap in the local market, where customers were looking for low-cost prosumer products so they can have that full experience of professional Audio-Visual equipment in their very own homes. Identifying this need, together with Softlogic Retail we launched this prosumer range for customers who are looking for value in professional products without compromising on world-class quality. said Malik Fernando, Managing Director, Dynamic AV Technologies (Pvt) Ltd.\nThe extensive range of JBL products offered by Dynamic AV through the Softlogic Max showrooms will now include JBL EON ONE Compact, Desktop reference monitors, Closed back studio headphones, Multimode USB microphones, Analog mixers, and work at home bundles.\nThe product range has been carefully selected with the objective of providing an elevated entertainment experience to our loyal customers at affordable prices, with attractive interest free monthly payment plans up to 60 months from leading banks. Customers will also experience the best customer service by our well trained sales staff at Softlogic Max showrooms which are Softlogics premium customer experience destinations in the consumer electronics and durables segment. Mohammed Rizvi, Chief Executive Officer, Softlogic Retail (Pvt) Ltd., stated, commenting on the partnership.\nThe acceleration of digital technologies has enabled lives to go on in homes. With businesses implementing work from home arrangements and students undergoing blended learning; digital technologies have become more essential today. As such, the need for an immersive and high-quality AV technology is highlighted by the reliance of companies and education institutions on these technologies, which allows them to communicate more effectively. Dynamic AV Technologies always looks to facilitate the local market not only by providing products but using those products to form a solution and ensure that solution enhance the users experience.\nAV technology has now become important to facilitate socially distanced events in the post-pandemic world, especially when it comes to the coordination of these technologies", "answer groups": [" executive statement", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["funding round", "service & product providing", "new initiatives or programs"]}, {"question": "\nContact Information What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "GCP Fund LLC Partners Up with Leading Businesses in New York to Maximize Their Cash Flow. PR.com\n)--GCP Fund has reportedly partnered up with several leading businesses at its headquarters, New York, to aid their post-COVID rehabilitation. The lending firm has increased its structured joint venture approvals to improve the increasingly worrying cash flow situation of old and new investors, developers, and contractors across all boroughs of New York.\nSince its inception, the asset-based lender has streamlined investment, acquisition, and development of many commercial projects across the United States. Structured joint ventures are the latest in a long line of financing solutions the hard money lender has introduced.\nThrough our latest financing solution, we hope to ease the financial burden of New York-based commercial real estate investors and developers, said a source close to GCP Fund. We want to see people back at work as much as the next New Yorker, and by partnering up with us, you can see office buildings, restaurants, and hotels at full capacity sooner rather than later. We hope borrowers will be open to having us on board as more than just lenders and make it a win-win for everyone concerned.\nGCP Fund provides financing for the purchasing and development of the very establishments that were the hardest hit by the pandemic. The firm has invested in warehouses, hotels, motels, hospitals, churches, office buildings, multi-family properties, restaurants, and other places involving personal interaction.\nStructured joint venture financing is the latest in a long line of commercial real estate solutions provided by GCP Fund, including construction loans, bridge loans, permanent financing, acquisition financing, mezzanine loans, private commercial loans.\nThe lending firm grants loans from $1MM to $100MM to experienced and first-time investors and developers across New York. Since these loans are asset-based, they dont require an income or credit check.\nFor more information about the financing solutions and loan application process, go to https://gcpfund.com/.\nAbout Global Capital Partners Fund, LLC\nGlobal Capital Partners Fund is the top asset-based lender of private loans based in New York. The company has approved several private commercial loans for small and large-scale projects. Their financing solutions range between short-term and long-term loans, which come with experienced in-house underwriting services.\nAuthorization\nI, Ricky Taylor, am an authorized distributor of news and have the authorization to use the companys name, Global Capital Partners Fund, in press releases", "answer groups": [" company description", "alliance & partnership"], "distractor groups": ["hiring", "event organization", "regulatory approval", "partnerships & alliances"]}, {"question": " So if you already plan on marathon-watching Heart of Invictus when it finally debuts later this year, then sit tight because more Harry and Meghan content is sure to come\nMore like this What events are related to the document above? ", "paragraph": "Are Meghan & Harry Getting Paid For Their Netflix Show? Here's The Deal. Max Mumby/Indigo/Getty Images Entertainment/Getty Images\nAre Meghan & Harry Getting Paid For Their Netflix Show? Here's The Deal\nBy\nSydney N. Sweeney\nApril 7, 2021\nWhat do Meghan and Harry stans have in common with Netflix lovers? Getting hyped over news of the royal pair's multi-year deal with Netflix to produce content in collaboration with Megan and Harry's Archewell Productions. First up is a docuseries called Heart of Invictus, which will follow the training journeys of wounded service personnel and veterans as they train to compete in the Invictus Games. But such a big film contract has sparked curiosity in those who follow the couple:\nAre Meghan & Harry getting paid for their Netflix show?\nIts understandable that people are curious, particularly because the couple is no longer financially dependent on the royal family However, its refreshing to hear that Heart of Invictus is a philanthropic project through and through. Not only is the show focused on a sporting event that uplifts marginalized individuals, but Meghan and Harry are redirecting compensation they would otherwise receive for this project to The Invictus Games Foundation, an Archewell Productions spokesperson told HuffPost. In a statement, Netflix has also confirmed this, saying the Invictus Games Foundation will receive significant funding from the show.\nMeghan and Harry are known for being super-passionate about their philanthropic work and that devotion has remained consistent even after moving to the U.S. and leaving their positions as senior members of the British Monarchy.\nIn fact, the Invictus Games Foundation is one of the Duke and Duchess numerous charity endeavors. Harry founded the organization in 2014, and an Archewell Productions representative confirmed to HuffPost that Prince Harry will appear on camera so it should be inspiring to see the Duke first-hand support the resilient service people preparing to compete at the 2022 Invictus Games.\nArchewell Productions is also an outgrowth of Megan and Harrys overall mission to inspire and uplift. Back in September 2020, Netflix officially announced theyd be partnering with the production company to create all kinds of programming. Documentaries, feature films, and even scripted shows are in store and all content will be delivered exclusively via the streaming platform", "answer groups": [" support & philanthropy", " executive statement", " alliance & partnership", "product launching & presentation"], "distractor groups": ["new initiatives & programs"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/133/EC: Commission Decision of 13 February 2006 requiring Member States temporarily to take additional measures against the dissemination of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle et al. (the pine wood nematode) as regards areas in Portugal, other than those in which it is known not to occur (notified under document number C(2006) 345)\n23.2.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 52/34\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 13 February 2006\nrequiring Member States temporarily to take additional measures against the dissemination of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle et al. (the pine wood nematode) as regards areas in Portugal, other than those in which it is known not to occur\n(notified under document number C(2006) 345)\n(2006/133/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 16(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Where a Member State considers that there is an imminent danger of the introduction into its territory of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle et al. (the pine wood nematode (PWN)), from another Member State, it should be authorised to temporarily take any additional measures necessary to protect itself from that danger.\n(2) Portugal informed the other Member States and the Commission on 25 June 1999 that some samples of pine trees originating in its territory were identified as infested by PWN. The Commission has adopted Decisions 2000/58/EC\u00a0(2) and 2001/218/EC\u00a0(3) defining measures to be taken against PWN.\n(3) On the basis of assessments by the Food and Veterinary Office, most recently in November 2004, additional information submitted by Portugal and official surveys carried out by the other Member States on wood, isolated bark and plants of Abies Mill., Cedrus Trew, Larix Mill., Picea A. Dietr., Pinus L., Pseudotsuga Carr. and Tsuga Carr., it appears that as a result of the application of an eradication programme in Portugal, the spread of PWN remains limited to the demarcated areas in Portugal. However, trees showing symptoms of infestation by PWN were still found during surveys of those areas.\n(4) The implementation of the Portuguese mid-term eradication plan for PWN of February 2003, as amended in June 2003, was evaluated by the Standing Committee on Plant Health in its meetings of July 2004 and May 2005. During the latter meeting it was concluded that the aimed reduction of infection level in the demarcated zone had not been fully achieved so far.\n(5) It is therefore necessary for Portugal to continue to take specific measures with respect to movements of wood, isolated bark and host plants within demarcated areas in Portugal and from such areas into other areas of Portugal and into the other Member States.\n(6) It is also necessary that Portugal continues to take measures to control the spread of PWN with the aim of eradication. Therefore, an updated mid-term eradication plan to better control the spread of PWN with the aim of eradicating should be presented.\n(7) The other Member States should continue to have the possibility to apply additional measures to protect their territories from PWN.\n(8) The results of the specific measures and of the implementation of the mid-term plan should be assessed continuously, in particular on the basis of information to be provided by Portugal and the other Member States.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nFor the purposes of this Decision, the following definitions shall apply:\n(a) \u2018the pine wood nematode (PWN)\u2019: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle et al.;\n(b) \u2018susceptible wood and bark\u2019: wood and isolated bark of conifers (Coniferales), except that of Thuja L.;\n(c) \u2018susceptible plants\u2019: plants (other than fruit and seeds) of Abies Mill., Cedrus Trew, Larix Mill., Picea A. Dietr., Pinus L., Pseudotsuga Carr. and Tsuga Carr.\nUntil 31 March 2008, Portugal shall ensure that the conditions laid down in the Annex to this Decision are met in relation to susceptible wood, bark and plants, which are to be moved within or from demarcated areas in Portugal and defined as in accordance with Article 5, either to other areas in Portugal or to other Member States.\nBy 15 February 2006, Portugal shall present an updated mid-term eradication plan to control the spread of PWN with the aim of eradicating it. That plan shall include details on the management, within the demarcated area, of tree species known to be highly susceptible to PWN under the conditions in Portugal. This plan shall be reviewed by 30 April 2007 and 30 March 2008.\nMember States of destination other than Portugal may:\n(a) subject consignments of susceptible wood, bark and plants, coming from demarcated areas in Portugal and moved into their territory, to testing for the presence of PWN;\n(b) take further appropriate steps to carry out official monitoring in respect of such consignments, to ascertain whether they comply with the relevant conditions specified in the Annex.\nMember States shall conduct official annual surveys for PWN, on susceptible wood and bark and susceptible plants originating in their country, to determine whether there is any evidence of infestation by PWN.\nWithout prejudice to Article 16(1) of Directive 2000/29/EC, the results of such surveys shall be notified to the other Member States and the Commission by 15 December 2006 and 15 December 2007.\nPortugal shall establish areas in which PWN is known not to occur, and demarcate areas (hereinafter called demarcated areas) comprised of a part in which PWN is known to occur and a part designated as buffer zone of not less than 20 km width surrounding that part, taking into account the results of the surveys referred to in Article 4.\nThe Commission shall compile a list of \u2018areas\u2019 in which PWN is known not to occur and convey such a list to the Standing Committee on Plant Health and to the Member States. Any areas in Portugal not comprised in the above compiled list, shall be deemed to be demarcated areas.\nThat list shall be updated according to the results of the surveys referred to in the first paragraph of Article 4 and to the findings notified under Article 16(1) of Directive 2000/29/EC.\nDecision 2001/218/EC is hereby repealed.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["wood product", "nuisance", "conifer", "Portugal", "plant disease", "parasitology", "protection of plant life", "plant health control"], "distractor groups": ["record", "oceanography", "record library", "European language", "net recipient", "judicial inquiry", "tax on profits of self-employment"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 531/2014 of 12 March 2014 amending Annex I of Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the citizens' initiative\n20.5.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 148/52\nCOMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 531/2014\nof 12 March 2014\namending Annex I of Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the citizens' initiative\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 on the citizens' initiative\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 7(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 7(2) of Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 provides that, in at least one quarter of Member States, the minimum number of signatories of a citizens' initiative should correspond to the number of the Members of the European Parliament elected in each Member State, multiplied by 750. Those minimum numbers are set out in Annex I of the Regulation.\n(2) On 28 June 2013 the European Council adopted European Council Decision 2013/312/EU establishing the composition of the European Parliament\u00a0(2). That decision which entered into force on 30 June 2013 sets the number of representatives in the European Parliament elected in each Member State for the 2014-2019 parliamentary term. The 2014-2019 parliamentary term begins on 1 July 2014.\n(3) Annex I of Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 should be amended accordingly,\nAnnex I of Regulation (EU) No 211/2011 is replaced by the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["power of initiative", "composition of parliament", "European citizenship", "petition"], "distractor groups": ["maritime surveillance", "secretarial staff", "calf", "primacy of the law", "virtual library", "forestry statistics", "paramedical training", "space research", "farm prices", "death penalty", "carriage of passengers"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 365/2010 of 28 April 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs as regards Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products and Listeria monocytogenes in food grade salt (Text with EEA relevance)\n29.4.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 107/9\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 365/2010\nof 28 April 2010\namending Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs as regards Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products and Listeria monocytogenes in food grade salt\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 4(4) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 of 15 November 2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs\u00a0(2) lays down microbiological criteria for certain micro-organisms and the implementing rules to be complied with by food business operators when implementing the general and specific hygiene measures referred to in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 852/2004.\n(2) According to the article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 microbiological criteria shall be reviewed taking into account progress in science, technology and methodology, emerging pathogenic micro-organisms in foodstuffs, and information from risk assessments.\n(3) Chapter 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 sets out food safety criteria for Listeria monocytogenes in certain ready-to-eat foods. Part 1.3 provides limits for ready-to-eat foods unable to support the growth of L. monocytogenes, other than those intended for infants and for special medical purposes. Food business operators are required to prove compliance with the criteria in products placed on the market during their shelf-life.\n(4) According to the Regulation (EC) 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety\u00a0(3), food grade salt is a ready-to-eat food. According to scientific evidence, presence and survival of L. monocytogenes in salt is unlikely in normal circumstances. Therefore, food grade salt should be added to footnote 4 of Chapter 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 which provides for the ready-to-eat foods in which regular testing of L. monocytogenes is not required.\n(5) According to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005, a process hygiene criterion applies to Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products including an analytical reference method and limits.\n(6) The analytical reference method set out for Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products ISO 21528-1 has been shown to be difficult to use for routine analyses in own checks since it is very laborious and time consuming. Due to the methodological development the analytical reference method of Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products should be changed to ISO 21528-2 which is quicker and easier to perform.\n(7) Analytical reference methods have an effect on test results. Therefore, the criterion limit of Enterobacteriaceae in pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products needs to be changed accordingly. The change would still guarantee sufficient detection limit for the process hygiene since likely problems in the manufacturing process would cause much higher growth of Enterobacteriaceae.\n(8) Given a recent change in taxonomy the name of Enterobacter sakazakii in Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 should be changed to Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii).\n(9) Some of the provisions were applicable until 1 January 2010 and new ones already laid down in the Regulation will apply thereafter. To facilitate readability of these provisions, it is appropriate to delete the old ones.\n(10) Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(11) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and neither the European Parliament nor the Council has opposed them,\nAnnex I to Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 is amended as follows:\n1. Chapter 1 is amended as follows:\n(a) Row 1.5 is replaced by the following:\n\u20181.5 Minced meat and meat preparations made from poultry meat intended to be eaten cooked\n(b) Row 1.9 is replaced by the following:\n\u20181.9 Meat products made from poultry meat intended to be eaten cooked\n(c) Row 1.24 is replaced by the following:\n\u20181.24 Dried infant formulae and dried dietary foods for special medical purposes intended for infants below 6 months of age (14)\n2. In footnote 4 of Chapter 1 the following indent is added:\n\u2018\u2014 food grade salt\u2019\n3. Part 2.2. of Chapter 2 is amended as follows:\n(a) Row 2.2.1 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182.2.1 Pasteurised milk and other pasteurised liquid dairy products(4)\n(b) Footnote (2) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(2) For points 2.2.1, 2.2.7, 2.2.9 and 2.2.10 m=M\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["agri-foodstuffs", "food inspection", "meat product", "research method", "food safety", "pasteurised milk"], "distractor groups": ["heat-resisting materials", "principle of communitisation", "Burkina Faso", "qualified majority", "interim agreement (EU)", "linguistic group", "government policy", "COST", "less-favoured region"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/207/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 11 April 2014 on the designation of the .eu Top Level Domain Registry Text with EEA relevance\n12.4.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 109/41\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 11 April 2014\non the designation of the .eu Top Level Domain Registry\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2014/207/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 3(1)(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Commission should designate the Registry entrusted with the organisation, administration and management of the .eu Top Level Domain after publishing a call for expressions of interest in the Official Journal of the European Union.\n(2) In 2003 the Commission designated European Registry for internet Domains (EURid) as the .eu Top Level Domain Registry by its Decision 2003/375/EC\u00a0(2). The Commission concluded a contract with European Registry for internet Domains (EURid) that specified the conditions according to which the Commission supervises the organisation, administration and management of the .eu Top Level Domain by the Registry. That contract was signed on 12 October 2004 for a term of five years and then renewed in 2009 for another five years. It will expire on 12 October 2014.\n(3) The Commission published a Call for expressions of interest (2013/C 134/06) in the Official Journal of the European Union on 14 May 2013 jointly with the Commission Declaration on its role as supervisor of the organisation, administration and management of the .eu TDL by the Registry (2013/C 134/05), inviting applications from organisations wishing to be selected as the Registry to be entrusted with the organisation, management and administration of the .eu Top Level Domain.\n(4) The call was closed on 20 June 2013. Only one application was received, from European Registry for internet Domains (EURid).\n(5) An evaluation based on the eligibility criteria and selection criteria provided for in the call for expressions of interest was conducted on 25 July 2013.\n(6) The evaluators examined the application and established scorecard comprising different marks (individual and collective) for the application in line with the marking system provided in Section 4 of the call, and taking into account its overall quality in view of the selection criteria. The evaluators concluded that the application from European Registry for internet Domains (EURid) met the minimum requirements for each of the selection criteria. The Commission has examined the results arrived at by the evaluators and on this basis endorses the decision.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(3),\nEuropean Registry for internet Domains (EURid) shall be the .eu Top Level Domain Registry entrusted with the organisation, management and administration of the .eu Top Level Domain.\nThe Commission shall enter into a contract with European Registry for internet Domains (EURid) specifying the conditions according to which the Commission supervises the organisation, administration and management of the .eu Top Level Domain by the Registry, in accordance with Article 3(1)(c) of the Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.\nThat contract shall have an initial period of five years and may be extended two times each time for an additional period of maximum five years.\nDecision 2003/375/EC is repealed.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["Internet site", "data recording", "regulation of telecommunications", "Internet address"], "distractor groups": ["essential oil", "observer", "investment policy", "institutional agreement", "olive oil", "insured risk", "Switzerland", "nuclear law", "Cape Verde", "health expenditure", "Single European Sky"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2009/159/EU of 16 December 2009 amending, for the purpose of adaptation to technical progress, Annex III to Council Directive 76/768/EEC concerning cosmetic products (Text with EEA relevance)\n18.12.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 336/29\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2009/159/EU\nof 16 December 2009\namending, for the purpose of adaptation to technical progress, Annex III to Council Directive 76/768/EEC concerning cosmetic products\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 8(2) thereof,\nAfter consulting the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety,\nWhereas:\n(1) According to the safety assessment strategy for hair dye substances, it was agreed with the Member States and stakeholders that the date of 31 December 2007 would be appropriate for the submission to the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (hereinafter \u2018SCCS\u2019) of the scientific data on the reaction products formed by oxidative hair dye substances on the scalp and their safety for the consumer.\n(2) Presently, there are 31 hair dye substances which are provisionally allowed for use in cosmetic products until 31 December 2009 under the restrictions and conditions laid down in Part 2 of Annex III to Directive 76/768/EEC. The requested scientific data on the safety of reaction products formed by oxidative hair dye substances were submitted by the cosmetics industry to the SCCS before the agreed deadline of 31 December 2007.\n(3) The submitted safety data were evaluated by the SCCS. In January 2009, the SCCS concluded in its opinion that it is not in the position to finally assess the risk of reaction products of oxidative hair dyes due to the incompleteness of the dossier submitted by the industry. The cosmetics industry provided the missing data by the end of September 2009.\n(4) In view of the above, the risk assessment of the submitted additional data and the final opinion given by the SCCS on the safety of the reaction products will still require a period of time exceeding the provisional deadline of 31 December 2009 for the substances listed in Part 2 of Annex III.\n(5) Therefore, the definitive regulation of 31 hair dye substances listed in Part 2 of Annex III, on the basis of risk assessment of their reaction products, and its implementation into the laws of Member States will not take place before the provisional deadline. Consequently, their provisional use in cosmetic products under the current restrictions and conditions laid down in Part 2 of Annex III should be extended. The new prolonged deadline of 31 December 2010 is considered sufficient for the definitive regulation of these substances.\n(6) Directive 76/768/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Cosmetic Products,\nAmendment to Directive 76/768/EEC\nIn reference numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 44, 48, 49, 50, 55, and 56 of column g in Part 2 of Annex III to Directive 76/768/EEC, the date \u201831.12.2009\u2019 is replaced by \u201831.12.2010\u2019.\nTransposition\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2009 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2010.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nEntry into force\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nAddressees\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["cosmetic product", "committee (EU)", "scientific progress", "approximation of laws"], "distractor groups": ["private media", "performing arts", "political representation", "cider", "merchandising", "Ligurian Sea", "merger control", "analytical chemistry", "66 ENERGY", "deprivation of rights", "Burundi"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2003/75/EC of 29 July 2003 amending Annex I to Council Directive 98/18/EC on safety rules and standards for passenger ships (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Directive 2003/75/EC\nof 29 July 2003\namending Annex I to Council Directive 98/18/EC on safety rules and standards for passenger ships\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 98/18/EC of 17 March 1998 on safety rules and standards for passenger ships(1), and in particular Article 8(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Directive 98/18/EC of 17 March 1998 on safety rules and standards for passenger ships applies to new and existing ships on domestic service according to the requirements of Annex I.\n(2) Chapter III, section 5-1 of Annex I to Directive 98/18/EC required modification to life-rafts, fast rescue boats, means of rescue and life jackets on existing ro-ro ships not later than the date of the first periodical survey after 1 July 2000.\n(3) Commission Directive 2002/25/EC of 5 March 2002 amending Council Directive 98/18/EC on safety rules and standards for passenger ships(2) required further modification of the same equipment by 1 January 2003.\n(4) The corresponding SOLAS requirement allows for modifications of existing ships to take place at the time of major repairs, alterations or replacement of life-saving equipment.\n(5) Directive 98/18/EC should therefore be amended to allow a reasonable deadline for applying these specific new requirements to existing ro-ro ships.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Safe Seas, set up pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 2099/2002(3),\nChapter III, section 5-1 of Annex I to Directive 98/18/EC is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Directive.\n1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive within six months after its date of entry into force at the latest. They shall forthwith notify the Commission thereof.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the provisions of national law, which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["transport safety", "safety standard", "vessel", "carriage of passengers"], "distractor groups": ["control of State aid", "fishing area", "EU sponsorship", "sluice-gate price", "project management", "European Globalisation Adjustment Fund", "maize", "brick", "ballot paper", "computer terminal", "fisherman"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0473/2008 of 29\u00a0May 2008 on amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a02037/2000 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the adjustment of CN codes for certain ozone depleting substances and mixtures containing ozone depleting substances\n30.5.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 140/9\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 473/2008\nof 29 May 2008\non amending Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the adjustment of CN codes for certain ozone depleting substances and mixtures containing ozone depleting substances\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 June 2000 on substances that deplete the ozone layer\u00a0(1) and in particular Article 6(5) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In the Combined Nomenclature for 2007, laid down in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff\u00a0(2), as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1214/2007\u00a0(3), the combined nomenclature codes (CN codes) for certain substances and products have been amended.\n(2) Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000, relating to ozone depleting substances and mixtures containing ozone depleting substances, refers to some of the CN codes which were amended by Regulation (EC) No 1214/2007. It is therefore necessary to adjust that Annex. In view of the number of changes to be made, it is appropriate for reasons of clarity to replace that Annex in its entirety.\n(3) Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) Since Regulation (EC) No\u00a01214/2007 entered into force on 1 January 2008, this Regulation should apply from the same date.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 18(1) of Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000,\nAnnex IV to Regulation (EC) No 2037/2000 is replaced by the text set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["dangerous substance", "ozone", "Combined Nomenclature", "stratospheric pollutant", "chemical product"], "distractor groups": ["backlog of court cases", "tax on capital", "consolidated account", "trade by product", "South West (England)", "charge having equivalent effect", "legal adviser", "law relating to prisons", "ethics", "anti-subsidy proceeding"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a046/2007 of 19 January 2007 fixing the allocation coefficient to be applied to applications for import licences lodged 16 January 2007 under the Community tariff quota for manioc starch opened by Regulation (EC) No\u00a02402/96\n20.1.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 14/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 46/2007\nof 19 January 2007\nfixing the allocation coefficient to be applied to applications for import licences lodged 16 January 2007 under the Community tariff quota for manioc starch opened by Regulation (EC) No 2402/96\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 of 31 August 2006 laying down common rules for the administration of import tariff quotas for agricultural products managed by a system of import licences\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 7(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2402/96\u00a0(3) has opened an annual import tariff quota of 10\u00a0000 tonnes and an additional autonomous annual tariff quota of 500 tonnes of manioc starch (order number 09.4064).\n(2) Based on the notification made under Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 2402/96, the applications lodged on 16 January 2007 until 13.00 (Brussels time) in accordance with Article 9 of that Regulation, relate to quantities in excess of those available. The extent to which import licences may be issued should therefore be determined and the allocation coefficient laid down to be applied to the quantities applied for.\n(3) Import licences should no longer be issued under Regulation (EC) No 2402/96 for the current quota period,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Each import licence application for manioc starch under the quota referred to in Regulation (EC) No 2402/96 and lodged on 16 January 2007 until 13.00 (Brussels time) shall give rise to the issue of a licence for the quantities applied for, multiplied by an allocation coefficient of 78,635324\u00a0%.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The issue of licences for the quantities applied for from 16 January 2007 1 p.m. (Brussels time) is hereby suspended for the current quota year.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import licence", "tariff quota", "quantitative restriction", "starch", "cassava"], "distractor groups": ["home computing", "pornography", "Auvergne", "building technique", "repression", "ACP-EU Committee of Ambassadors", "ECSC general Decision", "metropolis", "Community of Madrid", "peat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 1312/2014 of 10 December 2014 amending Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data services\n11.12.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 354/8\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1312/2014\nof 10 December 2014\namending Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data services\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 7(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010\u00a0(2) sets out the technical arrangements only for interoperability of spatial data sets.\n(2) The interoperability of spatial data services is characterised by the capability to communicate, execute or transfer data among them. Therefore the spatial data services need to be further documented with additional metadata. To a lesser degree, it also concerns the harmonisation of the content of the service contrary to the spatial data sets implementing rules.\n(3) For the development of the implementing rules mandated by Directive 2007/2/EC the emphasis was first put on the core services, i.e., the network services, with Commission Regulation (EC) No 976/2009\u00a0(3), and on the interoperability of the spatial data sets, in Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010. Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 should therefore now be amended to contain the implementing rules for the spatial data services.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 22 of Directive 2007/2/EC,\nRegulation (EU) No 1089/2010 is amended as follows:\n(1) Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n(2) in Article 2 the following points 31 to 38 are added:\n\u201831. \u201cend point\u201d means the internet address used to directly call an operation provided by a spatial data service,\n32. \u201caccess point\u201d means an internet address containing a detailed description of a spatial data service, including a list of end points to allow its execution,\n33. \u201cInvocable spatial data service\u201d means all of the following:\n(a) a spatial data service with metadata which fulfils the requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1205/2008\u00a0(5),\n(b) a spatial data service with at least one resource locator that is an access point,\n(c) a spatial data service in conformity with a documented and publicly available set of technical specifications providing the information necessary for its execution,\n34. \u201cinteroperable spatial data service\u201d means an invocable spatial data service which fulfils the requirements of Annex VI,\n35. \u201charmonised spatial data service\u201d means an interoperable spatial data service which fulfils the requirements of Annex VII,\n36. \u201cconformant spatial data set\u201d means a spatial data set which fulfils the requirements of this Regulation,\n37. \u201coperation\u201d means an action supported by a spatial data service,\n38. \u201cinterface\u201d means the named set of operations that characterise the behaviour of an entity as defined by ISO 19119:2005.\n(3) Article 6 is amended as follows:\n(a) the title is replaced by the following:\n(b) in paragraph 1, the introductory sentence is replaced by the following:\n(4) in Article 8, the following paragraph 3 is added:\n(5) after Article 14, the following Articles are inserted:\n(6) Annex V, as set out in the Annex I to this Regulation, is added;\n(7) Annex VI, as set out in the Annex II to this Regulation, is added;\n(8) Annex VII, as set out in the Annex III to this Regulation, is added.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["extra-atmospheric space", "provision of services", "transmission network", "technical specification", "disclosure of information"], "distractor groups": ["County of Karlovac", "stone fruit", "worker with disabilities", "vision of Europe", "Lubus province", "48 TRANSPORT", "money laundering", "malnutrition", "food poisoning", "fishing revenue"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1897/94 of 27 July 1994 laying down detailed rules, for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 774/94, as regards import licences for brans, sharps and other residues\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1897/94 of 27 July 1994 laying down detailed rules, for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 774/94, as regards import licences for brans, sharps and other residues\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 774/94 of 29 March 1994 opening and providing for the administration of certain Community tariff quotas for high-quality beef, and for pigmeat, poultrymeat, wheat and meslin, and brans, sharps and other residues (1), and in particular Article 7 (c) thereof,\nWhereas the annual quota opened by Regulation (EC) No 774/94 relates, inter alia, to a total quantity of 475 000 tonnes of brans, sharps and other residues of wheat and cereals other than maize and rice falling within CN codes 2302 30 10, 2302 30 90, 2302 40 10, and 2302 40 90, for which the Common Customs Tariff duty is set in Article 6 (2) of the said Regulation;\nWhereas importation of these products must be subject to the presentation of an import licence; wherea it is necessary to lay down the conditions for the issue of such licences;\nWhereas preferential arrangements for the importation of brans, sharps and other residues are laid down in Council Regulations (EEC) Nos 1513/76 (2), (EEC) No 1519/76 (3), (EEC) No 1526/76 (4), (EEC) No 1251/77 (5) and (EEC) No 715/90 (6), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 235/94 (7); whereas these arrangements involve abatement of the import levy applicable to those products; whereas cumulation of this advantage and the reduced tariff provided for in this Regulation is likely to create disturbances on the Community market; whereas such cumulation should be prohibited so that imports are not affected;\nWhereas the detailed rules laid down in this Regulation must replace those laid down in Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1193/88 of 29 April 1988 laying down detailed rules for the application of the special arrangements for imports of bran, sharps and other residues, whether or not in the form of pellets, derived from the sifting, milling or other working of cereals other than maize and rice covered by CN codes 2302 30 and 2302 40 (8); as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 84/89 (9); whereas that Regulation should therefore be repealed;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\n1. The importation of 475 000 tonnes of brans, sharps and other residues of wheat and cereals other than maize and rice falling within CN codes 2302 30 10, 2302 30 90, 2302 40 10 and 2302 40 90 and qualifying for a reduced customs tariff as provided for in Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 774/94 shall be subject to an import licence issued in accordance with this Regulation.\n2. In connection with the quota the preferential arrangements provided for in Regulations (EEC) No 1513/76, (EEC) No 1519/76, (EEC) No 1526/76, (EEC) No 1251/77 and (EEC) No 715/90 shall not apply.\n3. Commission Regulations (EEC) No 3719/88 (10) and (EEC) No 891/89 (11) shall apply save in so far as this Regulation states to the contrary.\n1. Applications for import licences in connection with the annual Community tariff quota provided for in Article 1 (1) shall be lodged with the competent authorities of any Member State on the first Monday of each month up to 1 p.m., Brussels time, or, if that day is not a working day, on the first following working day.\n2. An application for an import licence may not relate to a quantity greater than the available balance of the quota.\n3. Member States shall forward the information concerning applications for import licences to the Commission by telex or fax not later than 6 p.m., Brussels time, on the day specified in paragraph 1. This information must be forwarded separately from that relating to other applications for import licences for products falling within CN codes ex 2302 30 and ex 2302 40, in accordance with the model set out in Annex I and to the number given in Annex II.\n4. If the quantity for which import licence applications have been lodged exceeds the available balance of the annual quota, the Commission shall, not later than the third working day following the lodging of applications, fix a single coefficient for reducing the quantities applied for. A licence application may be withdrawn within one working day following the day on which the reduction coefficient is fixed.\n5. Member States shall forward the information concerning import licences actually issued to the Commission by telex or fax as soon as possible. This information must be forwarded to the number given in Annex II and in accordance with the model set out in Annex I.\n6. Without prejudice to paragraph 4, licences shall be issued on the fifth working day following the day on which the application is lodged.\nNotwithstanding Article 21 (1) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3183/80 (12), the period of validity of licences shall be calculated from the date of actual issue.\n7. The Commission shall inform the Member States of the available balance of the quota after deducting the quantities for which licences have been issued.\n1. Notwithstanding Article 8 of Regulation (EEC) No 891/89, licences issued under this Regulation shall be valid until the end of the third month following that of issue.\nHowever, licences shall not be valid beyond 31 December each year.\n2. Notwithstanding Article 9 of Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88, rights deriving from the import licence shall not be transferable.\nThe import licence application and the licence shall be completed as follows:\n- sections 7 and 8 respectively shall give the product's country of provenance and country of origin,\n- in sections 7 and 8, the word 'yes' must be marked with a cross,\n- in section 9, the word 'yes' must be marked with a cross,\n- nothwithstanding Article 8 (4) of Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88, the quantity released for free circulation must not be greater than that indicated, in sections 17 and 18 of the import licence. The figure 0 shall therefore be entered in section 19 of the licence,\n- section 20 must contain one of the following:\n- Salvado, moyuelos, otros residuos de trigo y otros cereales distintos del ma\u00edz y del arroz [Reglamento (CE) no 774/94 del Consejo],\n- Klid og andre restprodukter af hvede og andre kornsorter bortset fra majs og ris [Raadets forordning (EF) nr. 774/94],\n- Kleie und andere Rueckstaende von Weizen und anderem Getreide als Mais und Reis (Verordnung (EG) Nr. 774/94 des Rates),\n- Pityra en genei kai alla ypoleimmata sorgoy kai allon sitiron ektos apo to kalampoki kai to ryzi (kanonismos (EK) arith. 774/94 toy Symvoylioy),\n- Brans, sharps and other residues of wheat and cereals other than maize and rice [Council Regulation (EC) No 774/94],\n- Sons, remoulages et autres r\u00e9sidus de froment et d'autres c\u00e9r\u00e9ales que le ma\u00efs et le riz [r\u00e8glement (CE) no 774/94 du Conseil],\n- Crusche, stacciature e altri residui di frumento di altri cereali diversi dal granturco e dal riso [regolamento (CE) n. 774/94 del Consiglio],\n- Zemelen, slijpsel en andere resten van tarwe en van andere granen dan ma\u00efs en rijst [Verordening (EG) nr. 774/94 van de Raad],\n- S\u00eameas, farelos e outros res\u00edduos de trigo e outros cereais que nao o milho e o trigo [Regulamento (CE) n\u00ba 774/94 do Conselho].\n- section 24 must contain one of the following:\n- Exacci\u00f3n reguladora variable cero. Derecho del arancel aduanero com\u00fan reducido. Contingente abierto por el Reglamento (CE) no 774/94 del Consejo,\n- Variabel nulafgift. Nedsat sats i den faelles toldtarif. Kontingent aabnet i henhold til Raadets forordning (EF) nr. 774/94,\n- Veraenderliche Abschoepfung Null. Verringerter Satz des Gemeinsamen Zolltarifs. Mit der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 774/94 des Rates eroeffnetes Kontingent,\n- Metavlita eisfora 0. Meiomenos dasmos toy koinoy dasmologioy. Anoigma posostosis apo ton kanonismo (EK) arith. 774/94 toy Symvoylioy,\n- Variable levy zero. Common Customs Tariff duty reduced. Quota opened by Council Regulation (EC) No 774/94,\n- Pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement variable z\u00e9ro. Droit du tarif douanier commun r\u00e9duit. Contingent ouvert par le r\u00e8glement (CE) no 774/94 du Conseil,\n- Prelievo variabile zero. Dazio della tariffa doganale comune ridotto. Contingente aperto a norma del regolamento (CE) n. 774/94 del Consiglio,\n- Variabele heffing 0. Verlaagd recht van het gemeenschappelijk douanetarief. Contingent geopend bij Verordening (EG) nr. 774/94 van de Raad,\n- Direito nivelador 0. Direito da Pauta Aduaneira Comum reduzido. Contingente aberto pelo Regulamento (CE) n\u00ba 774/94 do Conselho.\nRegulation (EEC) No 1193/88 is repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import licence", "cereal flour", "tariff reduction", "tariff quota", "exchange of information"], "distractor groups": ["national liberation movement", "monocracy", "propane gas", "Uruguay Round", "document storage", "overtime", "biological standard", "confidence motion", "plant breeding", "surplus stock"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/100/EC: Commission Decision of 13 February 2003 laying down minimum requirements for the establishment of breeding programmes for resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in sheep (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2003) 498)\nCommission Decision\nof 13 February 2003\nlaying down minimum requirements for the establishment of breeding programmes for resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in sheep\n(notified under document number C(2003) 498)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2003/100/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 laying down rules for the prevention, control and eradication of certain transmissible spongiform encephalopathies(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1494/2002(2), and in particular Article 23 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Scrapie poses a considerable animal health problem within the Community's ovine and caprine population.\n(2) There is no validated routine diagnostic method to distinguish between Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie infection in ovine and caprine animals. BSE infection has not been proven to exist in ovine and caprine animals under natural conditions. However, there is some uncertainty as to whether BSE may have infected the ovine and caprine population and may still be present in that population. Accordingly transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) infections in ovine and caprine animals also pose a potential risk to public health.\n(3) Research has shown that certain prion protein genotypes in sheep confer resistance to scrapie. Evidence to date indicates that a similar genetically determined resistance to BSE exists in sheep when challenged orally with BSE infection under experimental conditions.\n(4) The opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) of 4 and 5 April 2002 on safe sourcing of small ruminant materials laid down guidelines for the main points in a breeding programme for TSE resistance in sheep. The SSC considers that such a programme should be targeted at populations at risk or risk areas.\n(5) One requirement for such a breeding programme is an approximation of the frequency of ARR/ARR sheep for each important breed. To obtain this information, Commission Decision 2002/1003/EC(3) has introduced a survey of the sheep breeds in the Member States.\n(6) It should be possible to derogate from the requirement to establish a breeding programme in accordance with this Decision for certain breeds with a low natural level of resistance and for local breeds indigenous to the area and in danger of being lost to farming as referred to in Regulation (EC) No 445/2002 of 26 February 2002 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1257/1999 on support for rural development from the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF)(4).\n(7) In its opinion, the SSC recommended the establishment of the certification of flocks with a negligible risk of scrapie/BSE. One of the options recommended is the certification of flocks based on full genetic resistance to TSEs combined with regular TSE testing.\n(8) The SSC recommended a comprehensive list of tissues in ovine and caprine animals which might be considered to pose a risk to human and animal health in the event of BSE being confirmed or considered probable. However, the opinion considered that these tissues would not pose any significant risk when derived from resistant and semi-resistant animals under the age of 18 and 6 months respectively. It is appropriate to promote the development of certified flocks along these lines.\n(9) The Commission will propose to the Council and Parliament an amendment to Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 to provide a legal basis in that Regulation for the measures contained in this Decision. In the meantime, it is appropriate to adopt this Decision as a transitional measure.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDefinitions\nFor the purposes of this Decision the definitions set out in Annex I to Commission Decision 2002/1003/EC shall apply.\nBreeding programme for TSE resistance in pure-bred sheep\n1. By 1 January 2004, on the basis of the outcome of the survey provided for in Decision 2002/1003/EC, each Member State shall introduce a breeding programme to select for resistance to TSEs in each of its sheep breeds which are native, or which form a significant population in its territory. The minimum requirements for such a programme shall be those set out in Annex I.\n2. The Member State may decide that participation by flock owners in the breeding programme referred to in paragraph 1 shall be voluntary until 1 April 2005. However, after that date, it shall be compulsory for all flocks of high genetic merit to participate in the breeding programme.\nDerogations\n1. Member States may be granted a derogation from the requirement to establish a breeding programme as provided for in Article 2:\n- on the basis of a national scrapie control programme submitted and approved in accordance with point (b) of Part I of Chapter A of Annex VIII to Regulation (EC) No 999/2001, which includes continuous active monitoring of dead-on-farm ovine and caprine animals in all flocks in the Member State, or\n- when the Commission has recognised its territory as being free from scrapie in accordance with point (c) of Part I of Chapter A of Annex VIII to Regulation (EC) No 999/2001, based on the results of a conclusive statistical survey.\n2. The derogation provided for in paragraph 1 shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 24(2) of Regulation (EC) No 999/2001.\nFramework to recognise the TSE-resistant status of certain sheep flocks\n1. By 1 January 2004, each Member State shall establish a framework for the recognition of the TSE-resistant status of certain sheep flocks.\nThis framework shall follow the criteria set out in Annex II.\n2. The recognition of the TSE-resistant status of a flock under the framework provided for in paragraph 1 shall not be considered a necessary criterion to exclude the presence of a TSE in that flock.\nReports to be provided to the Commission by the Member States\nMember States shall provide the Commission with the following reports:\n(a) report on the requirements of their breeding programmes as provided for in Article 2 by 1 April 2004;\n(b) an annual progress report to be provided for the first time by 1 April 2005, of the progress made in the breeding programmes.\nSummary of reports by the Commission to the Member States\nThe Commission shall present to the Member States a summary of the reports it receives under Article 5, within three months of the deadline for the receipt of the reports.\nReview\nThe requirements of this Decision shall be reviewed:\n(a) on the basis of reports referred to in Article 5,\n(b) in respect of breeds for which a serious negative genetic effect has been demonstrated during the course of the breeding programme,\n(c) in any event before 1 April 2005, to take account of any new scientific advice.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["disease prevention", "agricultural policy", "livestock farming", "exchange of information", "veterinary legislation", "sheep"], "distractor groups": ["Viborg (county)", "import price", "equivalence of diplomas", "intangible asset", "marine life", "aggravating circumstances", "electoral alliance", "interpretation of the law", "inter-company agreement"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 975/2003 of 5 June 2003 opening and providing for the administration of a tariff quota for imports of canned tuna covered by CN codes 16041411, 16041418 and 16042070\nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 975/2003\nof 5 June 2003\nopening and providing for the administration of a tariff quota for imports of canned tuna covered by CN codes 1604 14 11, 1604 14 18 and 1604 20 70\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 133 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) In November 2001 the Community, Thailand and the Philippines agreed to hold consultations to examine to what extent the Thai and the Philippine legitimate interests were being unduly impaired as a result of the implementation of the preferential tariff treatment for canned tuna originating in ACP States. Following the failure to achieve a mutually acceptable solution, the Community, Thailand and the Philippines agreed to refer the matter to mediation. On 20 December 2002 the mediator presented its opinion whereby the Community should open a MFN-based tariff quota of 25000 tons for 2003 at an in-quota tariff rate of 12 % ad valorem.\n(2) Given its desire to resolve this long-standing problem, the Community has decided to accept this proposal. Therefore, an additional tariff quota for a limited volume of canned tuna should be opened.\n(3) It is appropriate to allocate country specific shares of the quota to those countries having a substantial interest in supplying canned tuna, on the basis of the quantities supplied by each of them under non-preferential conditions during a representative period of time. The remaining part of the quota should be available to all other countries.\n(4) The best way of ensuring optimal use of the tariff quota is to allocate it in the chronological order of the dates on which declarations of release for free circulation are accepted.\n(5) In order to ensure that the quota is administered efficiently, presentation of a certificate of origin should be required for imports of canned tuna from Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia, the main suppliers and the main beneficiaries of the quota.\n(6) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission(1),\nFrom 1 July 2003, imports of canned tuna covered by CN codes 1604 14 11, 1604 14 18 and 1604 20 70 originating in any country shall be eligible for a tariff rate of 12 per cent within the limits of the tariff quota opened in accordance with this Regulation.\nThe tariff quota shall be opened annually for an initial period of five years. Its volume for the first two years shall be fixed as follows:\n- 25000 tons from 1 July 2003 to 30 June 2004,\n- 25750 tons from 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2005.\nThe tariff quota shall be divided into four parts, as follows:\n(a) a quota of 52 % of the annual volume, with the order number 09.2005, for imports originating in Thailand; and\n(b) a quota of 36 % of the annual volume, with the order number 09.2006, for imports originating in the Philippines; and\n(c) a quota of 11 % of the annual volume, with the order number 09.2007, for imports originating in Indonesia; and\n(d) a quota of 1 % of the annual volume, with the order number 09.2008, for imports originating in other third countries.\n1. The origin of canned tuna qualifying for the tariff quota shall be determined in accordance with the provisions in force in the Community.\n2. Qualification for the share of the tariff quota allocated to Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia, in accordance with Article 3 shall be subject to presentation of a certificate of origin meeting the conditions laid down in Article 47 of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93(2).\nCertificates of origin shall be accepted only if the products meet the criteria for determining origin set out in the provisions in force in the Community.\nThe tariff quota shall be administered by the Commission in accordance with Articles 308a, 308b and 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93.\nThis Regulation may be revised during the second year after the tariff quota is opened in order to adapt the volume of the quota to the needs of the Community market. If, however, this revision is not completed three months before the 30 June 2005, the quota shall be automatically extended for a further year for a volume of 25750 tons. Subsequently the tariff quota shall be extended regularly for one year at a time and for the same volume unless a revision is adopted not later than three months before the closure of the current quota.\nThe measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation, including the amendments and adjustments required by amendments to the Combined Nomenclature and the TARIC, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 8(2).\n1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Customs Code Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Committee) set up by Article 247a of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92(3).\n2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 4 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.\nThe period laid down in Article 4(3) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.\n3. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Philippines", "tariff quota", "sea fish", "Indonesia", "import (EU)", "originating product", "Thailand", "preserved product"], "distractor groups": ["non-attached member", "County of Dubrovnik-Neretva", "party organisation", "European language", "non-ionising radiation", "labour code", "bankruptcy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87 of 17 December 1987 on the sale at prices fixed at a standard rate in advance of certain bone-in beef and veal held by certain intervention agencies and intended for export and amending Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 3815/87\nof 17 December 1987\non the sale at prices fixed at a standard rate in advance of certain bone-in beef and veal held by certain intervention agencies and intended for export and amending Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 805/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common organization of the market in beef and veal (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 467/87 (2),\nWhereas certain intervention agencies have substantial stocks of intervention bone-in meat; whereas outlets exist in certain non-member countries for the products in question, in particular after boning; whereas these products should therefore be authorized for export without further processing or after boning; whereas, in the case of boning, all meat obtained from boning should be required to be exported;\nWhereas this meat should be put up for sale at prices fixed at a standard rate in advance in accordance with Commission Regulation (EEC) No 985/81 (3);\nWhereas provision must be made for a security of a sufficiently high amount to be provided in order to guarantee the exportation of this meat;\nWhereas the products held by the intervention agencies and intended for export are subject to Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3497/87 (5); whereas the Annex to the said Regulation should be extended as regards the endorsements to be entered on the control copies;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\n1. The following approximate quantities shall be put up for sale:\n- 1 000 tonnes of bone-in beef held by the Italian intervention agency, and bought in before 1 November 1986,\n- 1 000 tonnes of bone-in beef held by the intervention agency of the United Kingdom, and bought in before 1 November 1986.\nThe quality and prices are set out in Annex I hereto.\n2. The sale shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 985/81.\n3. Information concerning the quantities available and the places where the products are stored may be obtained by prospective purchasers from the address listed in Annex II hereto.\n1. The meat must be exported to one of the destinations for which a refund is fixed for products falling within subheading 0202 30 90 of the combined nomenclature. Exportation must be effected without further processing or after boning, according to the choice made by the trader in the purchase application.\n2. In addition to the particulars referred to in Article 2 (2) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2173/79 (6), the trader must state in the purchase application whether the meat will be exported without further processing or after boning.\n3. In case of boning, the total quantity of the product specified in the contract must be boned in the same Member State.\n1. The security provided for in Article 3 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 985/81 shall be 10 ECU per 100 kilograms.\n2. The security provided for at Article 3 (2) of Regulation (EEC) No 985/81 shall be 130 ECU per 100 kilograms.\nIn cases where Article 13 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 is applied, the contract of sale may be concluded only after the intervention body holding the products has received the certificate referred to in the said paragraph.\n1. In case of boning, the total quantity of meat obtained from boning must be exported.\nHowever, the following may be marketed in the Community: bones, large tendons, cartilages, pieces of fat and other scraps left over from boning.\nThe quantity of meat exported must be at least 68 % of the gross weight of the meat on removal from intervention stocks.\n2. The security referred to in Article 3 (2) shall be released only when the proof referred to in Article 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 has been furnished for all meat obtained from boning.\nIn addition, Article 13 (4) of the said Regulation shall apply.\n1. The bags, cartons or other packaging material in which the boned cuts are placed shall be officially sealed by the competent authorities and bear particulars enabling the boned meat to be identified, in particular the net weight, the type and the number of the cuts and a serial number.\n2. Where the boned cuts are made subject to the arrangement referred to in Article 5 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 565/80 (1), the operations referred to in Article 4 (5) points (2), (3) and (4) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 798/80 (2) shall not be authorized.\n1. As regards the meat in respect of which the purchase application includes an endorsement to the effect that it will be boned before being exported, the removal order referred to in Article 6 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 and the documents referred to in Article 12 (a) of the said Regulation shall include one of the following endorsements:\n- Para deshuesar y exportar posteriormente - Reglamento (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Til udbening og senere udfoersel - forordning (EOEF) nr. 3815/87\n- Zum Entbeinen und zur spaeteren Ausfuhr bestimmt - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 3815/87\n- Proor\u00edzetai gia afa\u00edresi kok\u00e1lon kai gia metagen\u00e9steri exagog\u00ed - Kanonism\u00f3s (EOK) arith. 3815/87\n- For boning and subsequent export - Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87\n- Destin\u00e9es au d\u00e9sossage et \u00e0 l'exportation ult\u00e9rieure - r\u00e8glement (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Destinate al disossamento e successivamente all'esportazione - regolamento (CEE) n. 3815/87\n- Bestemd voor uitvoer na uitbening - Verordening (EEG) nr. 3815/87\n- Destinada \u00e0 desossagem e \u00e0 ulterior exporta\u00e7\u00e3o - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 3815/87.\n2. As regards the meat in respect of which the purchase application includes an endorsement to the effect that it will be exported without further processing, the removal order referred to in Article 6 of Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 shall include one of the following endorsements:\n- Para exportar en el estado en que se encuentra - Reglamento (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Til udfoersel i uaendret stand - forordning (EOEF) nr. 3815/87\n- Zur Ausfuhr in unveraendertem Zustand bestimmt - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 3815/87\n- Proor\u00edzetai gia exagog\u00ed os \u00e9chei - Kanonism\u00f3s (EOK) arith. 3815/87\n- For export without processing - Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87\n- Destin\u00e9es \u00e0 l'exportation en l'\u00e9tat - r\u00e8glement (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Destinate all'esportazione tal quale - regolamento (CEE) n. 3815/87\n- Bestemd voor uitvoer in ongewijzigde staat - Verordening (EEG) nr. 3815/87\n- Destinada \u00e0 exporta\u00e7\u00e3o tal qual - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 3815/87.\nRegulation (EEC) No 1687/76 is hereby amended as follows:\nThe following point 46 and the footnote relating thereto are added to Part II of the Annex entitled 'Products subject to a use and/or destination other than that mentioned under I';\n'46. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87 of 17 December 1987 on the sale at prices fixed at a standard rate in advance of certain bone-in beef and veal held by certain intervention agencies and intended for export (46):\n(a) On the dispatch of bone-in meat for boning:\n- Section 104:\n- Para deshuesar y exportar posteriormente - Reglamento (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Til udbening og senere udfoersel - forordning (EOEF) nr. 3815/87\n- Zum Entbeinen und zur spaeteren Ausfuhr bestimmt - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 3815/87\n- Proor\u00edzetai gia afa\u00edresi kok\u00e1lon kai gia metagen\u00e9steri exagog\u00ed - Kanonism\u00f3s (EOK) arith. 3815/87\n- For boning and subsequent export - Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87\n- Destin\u00e9e au d\u00e9sossage et \u00e0 l'exportation ult\u00e9rieure - r\u00e8glement (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Destinate al disossamento e successivamente all'esportazione - regolamento (CEE) n. 3815/87\n- Bestemd voor uitvoer na uitbening - Verordening (EEG) nr. 3815/87\n- Destinada \u00e0 desossagem e \u00e0 ulterior exporta\u00e7\u00e3o - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 3815/87,\n- Section 106:\n- The date on which the contract of sale was concluded,\n- The weight of the meat on removal from intervention stocks.\n(b) On the export of the boned cuts:\n- Section 104:\n- Para exportar - Reglamento (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Til udfoersel - forordning (EOEF) nr. 3815/87\n- Zur Ausfuhr bestimmt - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 3815/87\n- Proor\u00edzetai gia exagog\u00ed - Kanonism\u00f3s (EOK) arith. 3815/87\n- For export - Regulation (EEC) No 3815/87\n- Destin\u00e9e \u00e0 l'exportation - r\u00e8glement (CEE) no 3815/87\n- Destinate all'esportazione - regolamento (CEE) n. 3815/87\n- Bestemd voor uitvoer - Verordening (EEG) nr. 3815/87\n- Destinada \u00e0 exporta\u00e7\u00e3o - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 3815/87,\n- Section 106:\n- The date on which the contract of sale was concluded.\n- The weight of the meat on removal from intervention stocks.\n(46) OJ No L 357, 19. 12. 1987, p. 24.'\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 4 January 1988.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["export", "sale", "price fixed in advance", "intervention stock", "beef"], "distractor groups": ["negotiation skills", "personalisation of power", "Dobrich region", "man-made disaster", "economic survey", "Saint Lucia", "political tendency", "Bali", "non-associated country", "waterway transport"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1641/2001 of 10 August 2001 opening invitations to tender for the fixing of aid for private storage of carcasses and half-carcasses of lamb in Great Britain and derogating from Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90 laying down detailed rules for granting private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1641/2001\nof 10 August 2001\nopening invitations to tender for the fixing of aid for private storage of carcasses and half-carcasses of lamb in Great Britain and derogating from Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90 laying down detailed rules for granting private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2467/98 of 3 November 1998 on the common organisation of the market in sheepmeat and goatmeat(1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1669/2000(2), and in particular Article 12(4) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90 of 27 November 1990 laying down detailed rules for granting private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat(3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 3533/93(4), lays down in particular detailed rules on invitations to tender.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3447/90 of 28 November 1990 on special conditions for the granting of private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat(5), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 40/96(6), lays down in particular minimum quantities in respect of which a tender may be submitted.\n(3) Council Regulation (EEC) No 2137/92 of 23 July 1992 concerning the Community scale for the classification of carcasses of ovine animals and determining the Community standard quality of fresh or chilled sheep carcasses and extending Regulation (EEC) No 338/91(7), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 2536/97(8), lays down in particular the reference presentation for carcasses and half-carcasses.\n(4) The application of Article 12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 2467/98 may result in the opening of invitations to tender for private storage aid. That Article provides for the application of this measure on the basis of the situation of each quotation area.\n(5) In view of the particularly difficult market situation due to the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease, and considering that the conditions laid down in Article 12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 2467/98 have been met it has been judged opportune to initiate such a procedure in Great Britain. In order to ensure that the carcasses taken into storage are of an appropriate quality it is necessary to fix a minimum weight. It is also necessary to restrict the regions from where lambs are procured to those that are provisionally free of foot-and-mouth disease and to derogate from the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90 as regards marking of carcasses.\n(6) Provision should be made to allow deboning during the period of placing in storage. However, in the interest of simplification the contracts should be based on the weight of the carcasses taken into storage. It is therefore necessary to derogate from the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Sheep and Goats,\n1. Invitations to tender are hereby opened in Great Britain for aid to private storage for carcasses and half-carcasses of lamb with a minimum carcass weight of 15 kg. The carcasses and half-carcasses shall be presented in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 2137/92 and shall originate from lambs procured from farms situated in regions where there has been no outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease during the past 90 days and which have been slaughtered in such regions.\n2. Subject to the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90 and Regulation (EEC) No 3447/90, tenders must be submitted to the intervention agency of the Member State not later than 2 p.m. on 27 August 2001 and 2 p.m. on 17 September 2001 to the relevant intervention agency.\nNotwithstanding the provisions of Article 2(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90, the carcasses and half-carcasses shall be marked in accordance with the provisions laid down in Commission Decision 2001/304/EC(9) on marking and use of certain animal products in relation to Decision 2001/172/EC concerning certain protection measures with regard to foot-and-mouth disease in the United Kingdom.\nNotwithstanding the provisions of Article 4(2) and (3) and Article 6(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 3446/90, the following shall apply:\n1. contractors may, during the storage entry period, cut or bone all or part of the meat concerned, provided that only the quantity for which the contract has been concluded is employed and that all the cuts resulting from such operations are placed in storage. The intervention agency may require that notification of intention to make use of this facility be given at least two working days before the placing in storage of each individual lot. Large tendons, cartilage, pieces of fat and other scraps left over from cutting or boning may not be stored;\n2. placing in storage shall begin, for each individual lot of the contractual quantity, on the day on which it comes under the control of the intervention agency. That day shall be the day on which the net weight of the fresh or chilled product is determined:\n(a) at the place of the storage, where the meat is frozen on the premises;\n(b) at the place of freezing, where the meat is frozen in suitable facilities outside the place of storage;\n(c) at the place of deboning or cutting, where the meat is placed in storage after deboning or cutting;\n3. the amount of aid shall be fixed per tonne and shall relate to the weight determined in accordance with paragraph 2.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["sheep", "award of contract", "carcase", "aid to agriculture", "private stock", "United Kingdom"], "distractor groups": ["energy production", "spot market", "capital increase", "inland waterway transport", "atmospheric pollutant", "EEA Joint Consultative Committee", "Bourgogne-Franche-Comt\u00e9", "Saint Pierre and Miquelon", "Economic Community of Central African States"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 250/1999 of 2 February 1999 amending Regulation (EC) No 2473/98 suspending the introduction into the Community of specimens of certain species of wild fauna and flora\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 250/1999 of 2 February 1999 amending Regulation (EC) No 2473/98 suspending the introduction into the Community of specimens of certain species of wild fauna and flora\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 of 9 December 1996 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein (1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 2214/98 (2), and in particular point 2 of Article 19 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Scientific Review Group,\nWhereas Article 4(6) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 provides for the establishment by the Commission of general restrictions, or restrictions relating to certain countries of origin, on the introduction into the Community of specimens of species listed in its Annexes A and B and lays down the criteria for such restrictions;\nWhereas the list of these restrictions has been published in Commission Regulation (EC) No 2473/98 (3); whereas this list must now be amended;\nWhereas point (c) of Article 4(6) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 provides for the establishment by the Commission of restrictions on the introduction into the Community of live specimens of species listed in its Annex B for which it has been established that they are unlikely to survive in captivity for a considerable proportion of their potential life span;\nWhereas Article 41 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 939/97 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1006/98 (5), lays down provisions for the implementation by the Member States of the restrictions established by this Regulation;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora,\nThe Annex to Regulation (EC) No 2478/98 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n2. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n3. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n4. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n5. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n6. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n7. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n8. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n9. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n10. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n11. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n12. the entry:\n>TABLE>\nis replaced by:\n>TABLE>\n13. the following is inserted after the entry 'Gopherus polyphemus`:\n>TABLE>\n14. the following entry is inserted after the entry 'Manouria impressa`:\n>TABLE>\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["wildlife", "import restriction", "third country", "protected species", "protection of animal life", "protection of plant life"], "distractor groups": ["simple majority", "cost of borrowing", "endocrine disease", "real property", "commercial law", "rural migration", "general mechanical engineering", "political science", "implementing Regulation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 79/641/EEC of 27 June 1979 amending Council Directives 66/401/EEC, 66/402/EEC, 69/208/EEC and 70/458/EEC on the marketing of fodder plant seed, cereal seed, seed of oil and fibre plants and vegetable seed\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE of 27 June 1979 amending Council Directives 66/401/EEC, 66/402/EEC, 69/208/EEC and 70/458/EEC on the marketing of fodder plant seed, cereal seed, seed of oil and fibre plants and vegetable seed (79/641/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/401/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of fodder plant seed (1), as last amended by Directive 78/1020/EEC (2), and in particular Articles 2 (1a) and 21a thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/402/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of cereal seed (3), as last amended by Directive 78/1020/EEC, and in particular Articles 2 (1a) and 21a thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 69/208/EEC of 30 June 1969 on the marketing of seed of oil and fibre plants (4), as last amended by Directive 78/1020/EEC, and in particular Articles 2 (1a) and 40a thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 70/458/EEC of 29 September 1970 on the marketing of vegetable seed (5), as last amended by Directive 78/692/EEC (6), and in particular Articles 2 (1a) and 40a thereof,\nWhereas, in the light of the development of scientific knowledge, a number of the botanical names used in the Directives on the marketing of seeds have been shown to be incorrect or of doubtful authenticity;\nWhereas those names should be aligned with those normally accepted internationally;\nWhereas Directives 66/401/EEC, 66/402/EEC, 69/208/EEC and 70/458/EEC on the marketing of fodder plant seed, cereal seed, seed of oil and fibre plants and vegetable seed should therefore be amended;\nWhereas certain provisions of the abovementioned Directives and of Council Directive 70/457/EEC of 29 September 1970 on the common catalogue of varieties of agricultural plant species (7), as last amended by Directive 78/55/EEC (8), use the concept of species, thereby determining the scope of those provisions ; whereas the changes to the nomenclature made by this Directive should not affect the interpretation of those provisions;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nCouncil Directive 66/401/EEC on the marketing of fodder plant seed is hereby amended as follows: 1. In Article 2 (1) (A) (a) the names of the following species:\nAgrostis canina L. ssp. canina Hwd. - Velvet bent grass,\nArrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. et C. Presl. - Tall oatgrass,\nPhleum bertolinii DC - Timothy,\nTrisetum flavescens (L.) Pal. Beauv. - Golden oatgrass,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nAgrostis canina L. - Velvet bent,\nArrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. ex J. et K. Presl. - Tall oatgrass, (1)OJ No 125, 11.7.1966, p. 2298/66. (2)OJ No L 350, 14.12.1978, p. 27. (3)OJ No 125, 11.7.1966, p. 2309/66. (4)OJ No L 169, 10.7.1969, p. 3. (5)OJ No L 225, 12.10.1970, p. 7. (6)OJ No L 236, 26.8.1978, p. 13. (7)OJ No L 225, 12.10.1970, p. 1. (8)OJ No L 16, 20.1.1978, p. 23.\nPhleum bertolonii DC - Timothy,\nTrisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv. - Golden oatgrass.\n2. In Article 2 (1) (A) (b) the names of the following species:\nMedicago varia Martyn - Lucerne,\nOnobrychis sativa Lam. - Sainfoin,\nPisum arvense L. - Field pea,\nTrigonella foenumgraecum L. - Fenugreek,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nMedicago x varia Martyn - Lucerne,\nOnobrychis viciifolia Scop. - Sainfoin,\nPisum sativum L. (partim) - Field pea,\nTrigonella foenum-graecum L. - Fenugreek.\n3. In Article 2 (1) (A) (b) the names of the following species:\nVicia faba L. ssp. faba var. equina Pers. - Field beans,\nVicia faba L. var. minor (Peterm.) Bull - Field beans,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nVicia faba L. (partim) - Field beans.\n4. In Article 3 (1) the names of the following species:\nMedicago varia Martyn,\nPisum arvense L.,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nMedicago x varia Martyn,\nPisum sativum L.\n5. In Annex I (2), Annex I (4), Annex II (I) (1) and Annex II (II) (1) the name of the following species:\nPisum arvense,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nPisum sativum.\n6. In Annex II (1) (2) (A), Annex II (II) (2) (A) and Annex III the names of the following species:\nAgrostis canina ssp. canina,\nMedicago varia,\nOnobrychis sativa,\nPisum arvense,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nAgrostis canina,\nMedicago x varia,\nOnobrychis viciifolia,\nPisum sativum.\n7. In Annex II (I) (2) (A), Annex II (II) (2) (A) and Annex III the names of the following species:\nVicia faba ssp. var. equina,\nVicia faba var. minor,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nVicia faba.\n8. In Annex II (I) (2) (B) (e) the names of the following species:\nPisum arvense,\nVicia faba spp.,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nPisum sativum,\nVicia faba.\nCouncil Directive 66/402/EEC on the marketing of cereal seed is hereby amended as follows: 1. In Article 2 (1) (A) the names of the two following species:\nHordeum distichum L. - 2-row barley,\nHordeum polystichum L. - 6-row barley,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nHordeum vulgare L. - Barley.\n2. In Article 2 (1) (A) the names of the following species:\nTriticum aestivum L. - Common wheat,\nTriticum durum L. - Durum wheat, shall be replaced by the following:\nTriticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori et Paol. - Wheat,\nTriticum durum Desf. - Durum wheat.\n3. In Annex I (5) (B) (a), Annex II (1) (A), Annex II (1) (A) and Annex III the names of the following species:\nHordeum distichum,\nHordeum polystichum,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nHordeum vulgare.\nCouncil Directive 69/208/EEC on the marketing of seed of oil and fibre plants is hereby amended as follows: 1. The following names shall be substituted for the names listed in Article 2 (1) (A):\nArachis hypogaea L. - Groundnut (peanut),\nBrassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss. in Czern. - Brown mustard,\nBrassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk. - Swede rape,\nBrassica nigra (L.) W. Koch - Black mustard,\nBrassica rapa L. (partim) - Turnip rape,\nCannabis sativa L. - Hemp,\nCarum carvi L. - Caraway,\nGlycine max (L.) Merr. - Soya bean,\nGossypium spp. - Cotton,\nHelianthus annuus L. - Sunflower,\nLinum usitatissimum L. - Flax, linseed,\nPapaver somniferum L. - Opium poppy,\nSinapis alba L. - White mustard.\n2. In Article 3 (1) the name of the species Brassica campestris L. ssp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk. shall be deleted.\nThe name Brassica rapa L. (partim) shall be inserted after the name Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.\n3. In Annex I (2) the name of the species Brassica napus oleifera shall be replaced by Brassica napus ssp. oleifera.\n4. In Annex II (I) (3) (A) the name of the species Brassica campestris ssp. oleifera shall be deleted.\nThe name Brassica rapa shall be inserted after the name Brassica napus ssp. oleifera.\n5. In Annex III the name of the species Brassica campestris spp. oleifera shall be replaced by Brassica rapa.\nCouncil Directive 70/458/EEC on the marketing of vegetable seed is hereby amended as follows: 1. In Article 2 (1) (A) the names of the following species:\nCitrullus vulgaris L. - Water melon,\nDaucus carota L. ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Hayek - Carrot,\nPetroselinum hortense Hoffm. - Parsley,\nPisum sativum L. (excl. P. arvense L.) - Pea,\nValerianella locusta (L.) Betcke (V. olitoria Polt.) - Corn-salad or Lamb's lettuce,\nVicia faba major L. - Broad bean,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nCitrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai - Water melon,\nDaucus carota L. - Carrot,\nPetroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A. W. Hill - Parsley,\nPisum sativum L. (partim) - Pea, excluding Field pea, Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. - Corn salad or Lamb's lettuce,\nVicia faba L. (partim) - Broad bean.\n2. In Article 2 (1) (A) the name of the species Solanum lycopersicum L. (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) - Tomato - shall be deleted.\nThe name Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Karst. ex Farwell - Tomato - shall be inserted after the name Lactuca sativa L. - Lettuce.\n3. In Annex II (3) (a) and in Annex III (2) the names of the species:\nCitrullus vulgaris,\nPetroselinum hortense,\nSolanum lycopersicum,\nshall be replaced by the following:\nCitrullus lanatus,\nPetroselinum crispum,\nLycopersicon lycopersicum.\nThis Directive shall not affect the application of the other provisions of Directives 66/401/EEC, 66/402/EEC, 69/208/EEC, and 70/458/EEC or the provisions of Directive 70/457/EEC.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with the provisions of this Directive by 1 July 1980 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["market approval", "seed", "fodder plant", "textile plant", "oleaginous plant", "cereals"], "distractor groups": ["pre-school education", "investment income", "radiation exposure", "comparative analysis", "French Guiana", "insurance company", "renewal of an agreement", "vaccination", "Zimbabwe"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision of 7\u00a0March 2011 appointing the members and alternates of the Advisory Committee for the Coordination of Social Security Systems for Ireland, France and the Netherlands\n17.3.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union C 83/3\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 7 March 2011\nappointing the members and alternates of the Advisory Committee for the Coordination of Social Security Systems for Ireland, France and the Netherlands\n2011/C 83/03\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the coordination of social security systems\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 75 thereof,\nHaving regard to the lists of candidates submitted to the Council by the Governments of the Member States,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 established the Advisory Committee for the Coordination of Social Security Systems.\n(2) By its Decision of 21 October 2010\u00a0(2), the Council appointed the members and alternate members of the Advisory Committee for the Coordination of Social Security Systems for the period from 20 October 2010 to 19 October 2015, with the exception of certain members.\n(3) The Governments of Ireland, France and the Netherlands have submitted nominations for a number of posts to be filled,\nThe following are hereby appointed members and alternate members of the Advisory Committee for the Coordination of Social Security Systems for Ireland, France and the Netherlands, for the period ending on 19 October 2015:\nI.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVES\nCountry Members Alternates\nIreland Ms Anne McMANUS Mr Tim RYAN\nNetherlands Ms A.A.J. VRIJ Mr A.G. BLOEMHEUVEL\nII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0TRADE UNION REPRESENTATIVES\nCountry Members Alternates\nIreland Mr Stellan HERMANSSON Mr Eamonn DEVOY\nNetherlands Mr G. VELDHUIS Ms H. DE GEUS\nIII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0REPRESENTATIVES OF EMPLOYERS\u2019 ORGANISATIONS\nCountry Members Alternates\nIreland Ms Claire JONES Ms Jean WINTERS\nFrance Ms Emilie MARTINEZ Ms Marie-Christine FAUCHOIS\nNetherlands Ms L.M. VAN EMBDEN ANDRES Mr R. BLAAKMAN\nThe Council will appoint the members and alternate members who have not yet been nominated at a later date.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["appointment of members", "worker (EU)", "advisory committee (EU)", "social security"], "distractor groups": ["Universal Postal Union", "cleaning industry", "Maghreb", "special polymer", "takeover bid", "exclusive economic zone", "recycling of capital", "Arges", "grouping of farms", "Speaker of Parliament", "uncultivated land"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2010/17/EU of 9 March 2010 amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC to include malathion as active substance (Text with EEA relevance)\n10.3.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 60/17\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2010/17/EU\nof 9 March 2010\namending Council Directive 91/414/EEC to include malathion as active substance\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/414/EEC of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulations (EC) No 451/2000\u00a0(2) and (EC) No 703/2001\u00a0(3) lay down the detailed rules for the implementation of the second stage of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of Directive 91/414/EEC and establish a list of active substances to be assessed, with a view to their possible inclusion in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC. That list included malathion. By Commission Decision 2007/389/EC\u00a0(4) it was decided not to include malathion in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC.\n(2) Pursuant to Article 6(2) of Directive 91/414/EEC the original notifier submitted a new application requesting the application of the accelerated procedure provided for in Articles 14 to 19 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 33/2008 of 17 January 2008 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Directive 91/414/EEC as regards a regular and an accelerated procedure for the assessment of active substances which were part of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of that Directive but have not been included into its Annex I\u00a0(5).\n(3) The application was submitted to the United Kingdom, replacing Finland which had originally been designated rapporteur Member State by Regulation (EC) No 451/2000. The time period for the accelerated procedure was respected. The specification of the active substance is the same as was the subject of Decision 2007/389/EC while the initially supported use on apples has been replaced by strawberry and the application rate has been lowered. That application also complies with the remaining substantive and procedural requirements of Article 15 of Regulation (EC) No 33/2008.\n(4) The United Kingdom evaluated the new information and data submitted by the notifier and prepared an additional report in February 2009.\n(5) The additional report was peer reviewed by the Member States and the EFSA and presented to the Commission on 17 July 2009 in the format of the EFSA Scientific Report for malathion\u00a0(6). This report was reviewed by the Member States and the Commission within the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and finalised on 22 January 2010 in the format of the Commission review report for malathion.\n(6) The new assessment by the rapporteur Member State and the new conclusion by the EFSA concentrated on the concerns that lead to the non-inclusion. Those concerns were in particular the presence in the technical material of varying levels of isomalathion, an impurity that contributes significantly to the toxicity profile of malathion and the genotoxicity of which cannot be excluded. Because of this fact it was impossible to assess the risk to operators, workers and bystanders. Moreover, information on the effects of certain toxicologically relevant metabolites was insufficient, and it had, hence, not been demonstrated that the estimated exposure of consumers resulting from the acute and chronic intake of edible crops is acceptable.\n(7) New data and information were submitted by the notifier in the new dossier and a new assessment was performed, as included in the additional report and in the EFSA conclusions. Those new data show that the genotoxicity of malathion containing not more than 2\u00a0g/kg isomalathion can be ruled out. It has therefore been possible to determine acceptable levels of exposure of operators, workers and bystanders. Use by non-professionals could, however, raise concerns, as it cannot be assumed that these have recourse to the adequate personal protective equipment. As a consequence, such use should not be authorised.\n(8) Without prejudice to those conclusions, it is appropriate to obtain further information on certain specific points. Article 6(1) of Directive 91/414/EC provides that the inclusion of a substance in Annex I may be subject to conditions. Therefore it is appropriate to require that the notifier submit further information as regards consumer intakes, the acute and long-term risk assessment for insectivorous birds, and on the quantification of the different potency of malaoxon and malathion, before authorisations are granted. As regards the consumer exposure, the information currently available allows nonetheless to conclude that the risk is acceptable, given the large margin of safety that exists.\n(9) Consequently, the additional data and information provided by the notifier permit to eliminate the specific concerns that led to the non-inclusion. No other open scientific questions have arisen.\n(10) It has appeared from the various examinations made that plant protection products containing malathion may be expected to satisfy, in general, the requirements laid down in Article 5(1) (a) and (b) of Directive 91/414/EEC, in particular with regard to the uses which were examined and detailed in the Commission review report. It is therefore appropriate to include malathion in Annex I, in order to ensure that in all Member States the authorisations of plant protection products containing this active substance may be granted in accordance with the provisions of that Directive.\n(11) It is therefore appropriate to amend Directive 91/414/EEC accordingly.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex I to Directive 91/414/EEC is amended as set out in the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 30 September 2010 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on 1 May 2010.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["plant health control", "market approval", "insecticide"], "distractor groups": ["Internet", "Community acquis", "tax harmonisation", "commercial bank", "population census", "Yugoiztochen (Bulgaria)", "autonomy", "bioprocess", "International Telecommunication Union", "free-at-frontier price", "computer network", "applied sciences"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0423/2009 of 20\u00a0May 2009 on the issue of licences for importing rice under the tariff quotas opened for the May 2009 subperiod by Regulation (EC) No\u00a01529/2007\n21.5.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 125/67\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 423/2009\nof 20 May 2009\non the issue of licences for importing rice under the tariff quotas opened for the May 2009 subperiod by Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007 of 21 December 2007 opening and providing for the administration in 2008 and 2009 of import quotas for rice originating in the ACP States which are part of the Cariforum region and the overseas countries and territories (OCTs)\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 4(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007 opens and provides for the administration of an annual import tariff quota for 2009 of 250\u00a0000 tonnes of rice, in husked-rice equivalent, originating in States that are part of the Cariforum region (order number 09.4220), an import tariff quota of 25\u00a0000 tonnes of rice, in husked-rice equivalent, originating in the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba (order number 09.4189) and an import tariff quota of 10\u00a0000 tonnes of rice, in husked-rice equivalent, originating in the least-developed OCTs (order number 09.4190).\n(2) May is the second subperiod for the quota laid down in Article 1(1) and (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007.\n(3) The notification sent in accordance with Article 6(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007 shows that, for the quotas with order numbers 09.4220, 09.4189, and 09.4190, the applications lodged in the first seven days of May 2009 under Article 2(1) of the Regulation cover a quantity, in husked-rice equivalent, lower than that available.\n(4) The total quantities available for the following subperiod should therefore be fixed for the quotas with order numbers 09.4220, 09.4189, and 09.4190, in accordance with Article 4(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007,\nThe total quantities available for the following subperiod under the quotas with order numbers 09.4220, 09.4189, and 09.4190 as referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1529/2007 are set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["rice", "tariff quota", "import licence"], "distractor groups": ["transport economics", "Central Portugal", "stabilisation and association agreement", "political group (EP)", "subsistence farming", "new religion", "book trade", "building speculation", "inshore fishing", "institutional structure", "drug traffic", "Libya"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/76/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 9\u00a0February 2012 on the recognition of Uruguay pursuant to Directive 2008/106/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the systems for the training and certification of seafarers (notified under document C(2012) 619) Text with EEA relevance\n11.2.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 38/46\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 9 February 2012\non the recognition of Uruguay pursuant to Directive 2008/106/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the systems for the training and certification of seafarers\n(notified under document C(2012) 619)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2012/76/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2008/106/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on the minimum level of training of seafarers\u00a0(1), and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 19(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the request from Spain on 14 February 2006,\nWhereas:\n(1) According to Directive 2008/106/EC Member States may decide to endorse seafarers\u2019 appropriate certificates issued by third countries, provided that the third country concerned is recognised by the Commission. Those third countries have to meet all the requirements of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978 (STCW Convention)\u00a0(2), as revised in 1995.\n(2) The request for the recognition of Uruguay was submitted by Spain by letter of 14 February 2006. Following this request, the Commission assessed the training and certification system in Uruguay in order to verify whether Uruguay meets all the requirements of the STCW Convention and whether the appropriate measures have been taken to prevent fraud involving certificates. That assessment was based on the results of an inspection carried out by experts of the European Maritime Safety Agency in June 2007. During that inspection certain deficiencies in the training and certification systems were identified.\n(3) The Commission provided the Member States with a report on the results of the assessment.\n(4) By letters of 16 February 2009 and 8 December 2010, the Commission requested Uruguay to provide evidence demonstrating that the deficiencies identified had been corrected.\n(5) By letters of 30 April 2009 and 18 March 2011, Uruguay provided the requested information and evidence concerning the implementation of appropriate and sufficient corrective action to address most of the deficiencies identified during the assessment of compliance.\n(6) Two shortcomings remain. The first refers to the fact that the quality standards system does not cover some of the activities of the administration, such as the approval of training programmes. The other shortcoming relates to the format of certificates. Uruguay has therefore been invited to implement further corrective actions in this respect. However, these shortcomings do not warrant calling into question the overall level of compliance of Uruguay with STCW requirements on training and certification of seafarers.\n(7) The outcome of the assessment of compliance and the evaluation of the information provided by Uruguay demonstrates that Uruguay complies with the relevant requirements of the STCW Convention, while this country has taken appropriate measures to prevent fraud involving certificates.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Safe Seas and the Prevention of Pollution from Ships,\nFor the purposes of Article 19 of Directive 2008/106/EC, Uruguay is recognised as regards the systems for the training and certification of seafarers.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["recognition of diplomas", "crew", "recognition of vocational training qualifications", "Uruguay", "maritime shipping"], "distractor groups": ["Funen (county)", "organisation of health care", "Sharjah", "information storage and retrieval", "maintenance", "regions of the United Kingdom", "Guyana", "prefabrication", "Sofia District region", "law relating to prisons"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/389/EC: Commission Decision of 18 May 2005 amending Decision 1999/217/EC as regards the register of flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs (notified under document number C(2005) 1437) (Text with EEA relevance)\n21.5.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 128/73\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 18 May 2005\namending Decision 1999/217/EC as regards the register of flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs\n(notified under document number C(2005) 1437)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/389/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 October 1996 laying down a Community procedure for flavouring substances used or intended for use in or on foodstuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 3(2) and Article 4(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 lays down the procedure for the establishment of rules in respect of flavouring substances used or intended to be used in foodstuffs. That Regulation provides for the adoption of a register of flavouring substances (the register) following notification by the Member States of a list of the flavouring substances which may be used in or on foodstuffs marketed in their territory and on the basis of scrutiny by the Commission of that notification. That register was adopted by Commission Decision 1999/217/EC\u00a0(2).\n(2) In addition, Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 provides for a programme for the evaluation of flavouring substances in order to check whether they comply with the general criteria for the use of flavouring substances set out in the Annex to that Regulation.\n(3) The European Food Safety Authority (the Authority) concluded in its opinion of 13 July 2004 on para-hydroxybenzoates, that propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (FL 09.915) had effects on sex hormones and the male reproductive organs in juvenile rats. The Authority was unable to recommend an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for this substance because of the lack of clear no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL). The use of propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate as a flavouring substance in food is not acceptable, as it does not comply with the general criteria for the use of flavouring substances set out in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 2232/96. As a consequence, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate should be deleted from the register.\n(4) The Authority concluded in its opinion of 7 December 2004 on aliphatic dialcohols, diketones and hydroxyketones, that pentane-2,4-dione (FL 07.191) is genotoxic in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, its use as a flavouring substance is not acceptable, because it does not comply with the general criteria for the use of flavouring substances set out in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 2232/96. As a consequence, pentane-2,4-dione should be deleted from the register.\n(5) In application of Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 and Commission Recommendation 98/282/EC of 21 April 1998 on the ways in which the Member States and the signatory States to the Agreement on the European Economic Area should protect intellectual property in connection with the development and manufacture of flavouring substances referred to in Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(3), for a number of substances, the notifying Member States requested that they should be registered in such a way as to protect the intellectual property rights of the manufacturer.\n(6) Protection for these substances, listed in Part B of the register, is limited to a maximum period of five years following the date of receipt of the notification. That period has now expired for 28 substances which should consequently be transferred to Part A of the register.\n(7) Decision 1999/217/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe Annex to Decision 1999/217/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["foodstuff", "directory", "food additive", "flavouring"], "distractor groups": ["Kurzeme", "civil servants\u2019 union", "inter-company cooperation", "moonlighting", "war economy", "freshwater", "economic sector", "artificial insemination", "supply and demand", "sustainable development", "public law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 22 December 2006 amending Decision 2005/393/EC as regards restricted zones in relation to bluetongue (notified under document number C(2006) 6970) (Text with EEA relevance)\n13.1.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 8/51\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 22 December 2006\namending Decision 2005/393/EC as regards restricted zones in relation to bluetongue\n(notified under document number C(2006) 6970)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2007/28/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/75/EC of 20 November 2000 laying down specific provisions for the control and eradication of bluetongue\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 8(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2000/75/EC lays down control rules and measures to combat bluetongue in the Community, including the establishment of protection and surveillance zones and a ban on animals leaving those zones.\n(2) Commission Decision 2005/393/EC of 23 May 2005 on protection and surveillance zones in relation to bluetongue and conditions applying to movements from or through these zones\u00a0(2) provides for the demarcation of the global geographic areas where protection and surveillance zones (\u2018the restricted zones\u2019) are to be established by the Member States in relation to bluetongue.\n(3) On 20 November 2006 Spain informed the Commission that serotype 4 virus has been detected as circulating in a peripheral area of restricted zone E. Consequently that zone should be extended, taking into account of the data available on the ecology of the vector and the current meteorological situation.\n(4) On 21 November 2006 Germany informed the Commission of new outbreaks of bluetongue in Lower Saxony. In view of those findings, it is appropriate to amend the demarcation of the restricted zone in Germany.\n(5) Following the notification of outbreaks of bluetongue in early November 2006 by Italy, due to a new serotype, by Decision 2006/858/EC, a new restricted zone G has been added to Annex I to Decision 2005/393/EC to include the three concerned provinces of southern Sardinia. However, the reference to this zone in the respective provisions of Decision 2005/393/EC has not been added. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, the list of zones referred to in Article 2 of Decision 2005/393/EC should be completed.\n(6) Decision 2005/393/EC should be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2005/393/EC is amended as follows:\n1. The first paragraph of Article 2 is replaced by the following:\n2. Annex I is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["sheep", "Germany", "trade restriction", "animal disease", "transport of animals", "agricultural region", "Spain", "disease prevention"], "distractor groups": ["leave on social grounds", "Institution of the Union", "re-integration into school", "land policies", "seal", "war victim", "social policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/276/CFSP: Council Decision 2003/276/CFSP of 14 April 2003 concerning the implementation of Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP with a view to a European Union contribution to the destruction of ammunition for small arms and light weapons in Albania\n17.4.2003 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 99/60\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2003/276/CFSP\nof 14 April 2003\nconcerning the implementation of Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP with a view to a European Union contribution to the destruction of ammunition for small arms and light weapons in Albania\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP of 12 July 2002 on the European Union's contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons and repealing Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof, in conjunction with the second indent of Article 23(2) of the Treaty on European Union,\nWhereas:\n(1) In Common Position 97/357/CFSP of 2 June 1997 on Albania\u00a0(2) the European Union expressed its intention to help Albania to promote the democratic process, the return to political stability and internal security. The excessive and uncontrolled accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons (SALW) and their ammunition poses a threat to peace and security and reduces the prospects for sustainable development; this is acutely the case in Albania.\n(2) In pursuing the objectives set out in Article 1 of Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP, the European Union envisages operating within the relevant international fora and in a regional context, as appropriate, to render assistance through international organisations, programmes and agencies as well as regional arrangements.\n(3) The Albanian Ministry of Defence has identified a large amount of SALW ammunition, surplus to their requirements or recovered from the public. Much of the ammunition is incorrectly packaged and stored in inappropriate locations and conditions.\n(4) The NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA), under the terms of the Partnership for Peace Trust Fund, is managing a project aimed at the consolidation and demilitarisation of surplus SALW ammunition, amounting to a total of 11\u00a0665 tonnes, during a period of four years.\n(5) The Commission has agreed to be entrusted with the implementation of this Decision.\n(6) The European Union therefore intends to offer financial assistance to the NAMSA project in accordance with Title II of Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP.\n(7) The Commission will ensure an adequate visibility of the contribution of the EU to the project, including by appropriate measures taken by NAMSA,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The European Union shall contribute to the destruction of surplus SALW ammunition in Albania.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For this purpose, the European Union shall provide financial support to the NAMSA project aimed at the consolidation and demilitarisation of surplus SALW ammunition.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall be entrusted with the implementation of this Decision. To that end, the Commission shall conclude a financing agreement with NAMSA on the conditions for use of the European Union contribution, which will take the form of a grant. Amongst other things, this grant will be used to cover, over a period of 12 months, salaries, travel expenses, supplies and equipment necessary for the destruction of surplus SALW ammunition in Albania. The financing agreement will stipulate that NAMSA shall ensure visibility of the European Union contribution to the project, appropriate to its size.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The financial reference amount for the purpose referred to in Article 1 shall be EUR\u00a0820\u00a0000.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The management of the expenditure financed by the amount specified in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the Community procedures and rules applicable to the general budget of the European Union.\nThe Commission shall submit regular reports on the implementation of this Decision to the relevant Council bodies, in accordance with Article 9(1) of the Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP. This information will in particular be based on regular reports to be provided by NAMSA under its contractual relationship with the Commission, as stipulated in Article 1.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision shall take effect on the date of its adoption. It shall expire twelve months after the financing agreement between the Commission and NAMSA has been concluded.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision shall be reviewed ten months after the date of its adoption.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["Albania", "firearms and munitions", "EU aid", "weapons' destruction", "financial aid"], "distractor groups": ["policy analysis", "civil proceedings", "virtual currency", "chemical fertiliser", "Horn of Africa", "economic disparity", "ecology movement", "systems interconnection", "material of animal origin", "guaranteed price"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/685/EC: Commission Decision of 6 October 2006 amending Annexes I and II to Decision 2003/634/EC approving programmes for the purpose of obtaining the status of approved zones and of approved farms in non-approved zones with regard to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) and infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in fish (notified under document number C(2006) 4363) (Text with EEA relevance)\n13.10.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 282/44\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 6 October 2006\namending Annexes I and II to Decision 2003/634/EC approving programmes for the purpose of obtaining the status of approved zones and of approved farms in non-approved zones with regard to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) and infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in fish\n(notified under document number C(2006) 4363)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2006/685/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/67/EEC of 28 January 1991 concerning the animal health conditions governing the placing on the market of aquaculture animals and products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 10(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2003/634/EC\u00a0(2) approves and lists programmes submitted by various Member States. The programmes are designed to enable the Member State subsequently to initiate the procedures for a zone, or a farm situated in a non-approved zone, to obtain the status of approved zone, or of approved farm situated in a non-approved zone, as regards one or more of the fish diseases viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) and infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN).\n(2) By letter dated 22 November 2005, Italy applied for approval of the programme to be applied in the zone Bacino del torrente Taverone. The application submitted has been found to comply with Article 10 of Directive 91/67/EEC and the programme should therefore be approved.\n(3) By letter dated 2 February 2006, Italy applied for approval of the programme to be applied in the zone Valle Sessera. The application submitted has been found to comply with Article 10 of Directive 91/67/EEC and the programme should therefore be approved.\n(4) By letter dated 21 February 2006, Italy applied for approval of the programme to be applied in the zone Valle del torrente Bondo. The application submitted has been found to comply with Article 10 of Directive 91/67/EEC and the programme should therefore be approved.\n(5) By letter dated 22 May 2006, Italy applied for approval of the programme to be applied in the zone Fosso Melga. The application submitted has been found to comply with Article 10 of Directive 91/67/EEC and the programme should therefore be approved.\n(6) The programme applicable to the entire territory of Cyprus has been finalised. It should therefore be deleted from Annex I to Decision 2003/634/EC.\n(7) The programme applicable to Azienda agricola Bassan Antonio in the Veneto Region has been finalised. It should therefore be deleted from Annex II to Decision 2003/634/EC.\n(8) Decision 2003/634/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2003/634/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Annex I is replaced by the text in Annex I to this Decision.\n2. Annex II is replaced by the text in Annex II to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["fish disease", "veterinary inspection", "approval", "fish farming", "EU Member State", "health control"], "distractor groups": ["forestry statistics", "law of banking", "chemical pollution", "consumer policy", "tariff policy", "European Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice", "company buyout", "kidney disease", "international trade"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 802/98 of 16 April 1998 initiating a 'new exporter' review of Council Regulation (EC) No 1950/97 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of sacks and bags made of polyethylene or polypropylene originating, inter alia, in India, repealing the duty with regard to imports from four exporters in this country and making these imports subject to registration\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 802/98 of 16 April 1998 initiating a 'new exporter` review of Council Regulation (EC) No 1950/97 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of sacks and bags made of polyethylene or polypropylene originating, inter alia, in India, repealing the duty with regard to imports from four exporters in this country and making these imports subject to registration\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 2331/96 (2), and in particular Article 11(4) thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. REQUEST FOR A REVIEW\n(1) The Commission has received applications for a 'new exporter` review pursuant to Article 11(4) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Basic Regulation`). The applications were lodged by Hyderabad Polymers Pvt. Ltd, Pithampur Poly Products Ltd, Sangam Cirfab Pvt. Ltd, and Synthetic Fibres (Mysore) Pvt. Ltd, four exporters in India which claim they did not export the product concerned during the period of investigation on which the anti-dumping measures were based, i.e. the period 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995 (hereinafter referred to as 'the original investigation period`).\nB. PRODUCT\n(2) The product concerned is woven sacks and bags of a kind used for packaging of goods, not knitted or crocheted, obtained from a polyethylene or polypropylene strip or the like of woven fabrics weighing 120 gr/m2 or less. The product described falls within CN codes 6305 32 81, 6305 33 91, ex 3923 21 00, ex 3923 29 10 and ex 3923 29 90. These codes are given for information.\nC. EXISTING MEASURES\n(3) By Regulation (EC) No 1950/97 (3) the Council imposed, inter alia, a definitive anti-dumping duty of 36,0 % on imports of the product concerned originating in India, with the exception of several companies especially mentioned which are subject to a lesser duty.\nD. GROUNDS FOR THE REVIEW\n(4) The applicants, Hyderabad Polymers Pvt. Ltd, Pithampur Poly Products Ltd, Sangam Cirfab Pvt. Ltd, and Synthetic Fibres (Mysore) Pvt. Ltd, India, have shown that they are not related to any of the exporting producers in India which are subject to the afore-mentioned anti-dumping measures on the product concerned, and that they started exporting to the Community after the original investigation period.\n(5) Community producers known to be concerned have been informed of the above application and have been given an opportunity to comment.\n(6) In the light of the above, the Commission concludes that there is sufficient evidence to justify the initiation of a review pursuant to Article 11(4) of the Basic Regulation with a view to determining the applicants' individual margins of dumping and, should dumping be found, the level of duty to which their imports of the product concerned into the Community should be subject.\nE. REPEAL OF THE DUTY IN FORCE AND REGISTRATION OF IMPORTS\n(7) Pursuant to Article 11(4) of the Basic Regulation, the anti-dumping duty in force should be repealed with regard to imports of the product concerned originating in India which are produced and sold for export to the Community by the applicants. At the same time, such imports should be made subject to registration in accordance with Article 14(5) of that Regulation, in order to ensure that, should the review result in a determination of dumping in respect of the applicants, anti-dumping duties can be levied retroactively from the date of the initiation of this review. The amount of the applicant's possible future liabilities cannot be estimated at this stage of the proceeding.\nF. TIME LIMIT\n(8) In the interest of sound administration, a period should be fixed within which interested parties, provided they can show that they are likely to be affected by the results of the investigation, may make their views known in writing and submit supporting evidence. A period should also be fixed within which interested parties may make a written request for a hearing and show that there are particular reasons why they should be heard.\nG. NON-COOPERATION\n(9) It should be noted that in cases in which any interested party refuses access to, or otherwise does not provide, necessary information within the relevant time limits, or significantly impedes the investigation, findings, affirmative or negative, may be made in accordance with Article 18 of the Basic Regulation, on the basis of the facts available,\nA review of Regulation (EC) No 1950/97 is hereby initiated in order to determine if and to what extent imports of sacks and bags made of polyethylene or polypropylene falling within CN codes 6305 32 81, 6305 33 91, ex 3923 21 00 (3923 21 00*10), ex 3923 29 10 (3923 29 10*10) and ex 3923 29 90 (3923 29 90*10), originating in India, produced and sold for export to the Community by Hyderabad Polymers Pvt. Ltd (TARIC additional code: 8106), Pithampur Poly Products Ltd (TARIC additional code: 8155), Sangam Cirfab Pvt. Ltd (TARIC additional code: 8156) and Synthetic Fibres (Mysore) Pvt. Ltd, India (TARIC additional code: 8157), should be subject to the anti-dumping duty imposed by Regulation (EC) No 1950/97.\nThe anti-dumping duty imposed by Regulation (EC) No 1950/97 is hereby repealed with regard to imports of the product identified in Article 1 (TARIC additional code: 8900).\nThe customs authorities are hereby directed, pursuant to Article 14(5) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96, to take the appropriate steps to register the imports identified in Article 1. Registration shall expire nine months following the date of entry into force of this Regulation.\nInterested parties, if their representations are to be taken into account during the investigation, must make themselves known, present their views in writing and submit information within 37 days from the date of transmission of this Regulation to the authorities of the exporting country. Interested parties may also apply to be heard by the Commission within the same time limit. The transmission of a copy of this Regulation to the authorities of the exporting country shall be deemed to have taken place on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nAny information relating to the matter and any request for a hearing should be sent to the following address:\nEuropean Commission,\nDirectorate-General for External Relations: Commercial Policy and Relations with North America, the Far East, Australia and New Zealand,\nDM-24 8/38,\nRue de la Loi/Wetstraat 200,\nB-1049 Brussels;\nFax: (322) 295 65 05,\nTelex: COMEU B 21877.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["third country", "import policy", "plastics", "packaging product", "anti-dumping legislation", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["expansion card", "work schedule", "maritime transport", "harmonisation of standards", "Protocol (EU)", "infringement of EU law", "European election", "Council of Ministers", "social problem"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0593/2006 of 12 April 2006 opening a tendering procedure for the sale of wine alcohol for use as bioethanol in the Community\n13.4.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 104/15\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 593/2006\nof 12 April 2006\nopening a tendering procedure for the sale of wine alcohol for use as bioethanol in the Community\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 of 17\u00a0May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 33 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 of 25 July 2000 laying down detailed rules for implementing Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine with regard to market mechanisms\u00a0(2), lays down, among other things, detailed rules for disposing of stocks of alcohol obtained from distillation under Articles 35, 36 and 39 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 822/87 of 16 March 1987 on the common organisation of the market in wine\u00a0(3) and referred to in Articles 27, 28 and 30 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 and held by the intervention agencies.\n(2) A tendering procedure for the sale of wine alcohol for exclusive use as bioethanol in the fuel sector in the Community should be organised in accordance with Article 92 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 with a view to reducing Community stocks of wine alcohol and ensuring the continuity of supplies to firms approved under that Article.\n(3) Since 1 January 1999, in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 2799/98 of 15 December 1998 establishing agrimonetary arrangements for the euro\u00a0(4), the selling price and securities must be expressed, and payments made, in euro.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Wine,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tendering procedure No 5/2006 EC is hereby opened for the sale of wine alcohol for use as bioethanol in the Community.\nThe alcohol concerned has been produced from distillation under Articles 27, 28 and 30 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 and is held by the intervention agencies of the Member States.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The total volume put up for sale is 678\u00a0571,8692 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol., broken down as follows:\n(a) one lot with the number 40/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(b) one lot with the number 41/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(c) one lot with the number 42/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(d) one lot with the number 43/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(e) one lot with the number 44/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(f) one lot with the number 45/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(g) one lot with the number 46/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(h) one lot with the number 47/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(i) one lot with the number 48/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(j) one lot with the number 49/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(k) one lot with the number 50/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(l) one lot with the number 51/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(m) one lot with the number 52/2006 EC for a quantity of 50\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(n) one lot with the number 53/2006 EC for a quantity of 28\u00a0571,8692 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The location and references of the vats making up the lots, the quantity of alcohol in each vat, the alcoholic strength and the characteristics of the alcohol are as set out in Annex I to this Regulation.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Only firms approved under Article 92 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 may take part in the tendering procedure.\nThe sale shall be conducted in accordance with Articles 93, 94, 94b, 94c, 94d, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100 and 101 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 and Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 2799/98.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders shall be delivered to the intervention agencies holding the alcohol listed in Annex II or sent by registered mail to the address of the intervention agency.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders shall be placed in a sealed double envelope, the inside envelope marked \u2018Tender under procedure No 5/2006 EC for use as bioethanol in the Community\u2019, the outer envelope bearing the address of the intervention agency concerned.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders must reach the intervention agency concerned not later than 12 noon Brussels time on 3 May 2006.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0To be eligible for consideration, tenders must comply with Articles 94 and 97 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0To be eligible for consideration, when they are presented, tenders must be accompanied by:\n(a) proof that a tendering security of EUR 4 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol. has been lodged with the intervention agency holding the alcohol concerned;\n(b) the name and address of the tenderer, the reference number of the notice of invitation to tender and the price proposed, expressed in euro per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.;\n(c) an undertaking by tenderers that they will comply with all the rules applicable to this tendering procedure;\n(d) a statement by tenderers to the effect that:\n(i) they waive all claims in respect of the quality and characteristics of any alcohol awarded to them,\n(ii) they agree to submit to any checks made on the destination and use made of the alcohol,\n(iii) they accept that it is their responsibility to provide evidence that the alcohol is used as specified in the notice of invitation to tender in question.\nThe notifications provided for in Article 94a of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 relating to the tendering procedure opened by this Regulation shall be sent to the Commission at the address given in Annex III to this Regulation.\nThe formalities for sampling shall be as set out in Article 98 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000.\nThe intervention agency shall provide all the necessary information on the characteristics of the alcohol put up for sale.\nOn application to the intervention agency concerned, interested parties may obtain samples of the alcohol put up for sale, taken by a representative of the intervention agency concerned.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The intervention agencies in the Member States in which the alcohol put up for sale is stored shall carry out appropriate checks to verify the nature of the alcohol at the time of end-use. To that end, they may:\n(a) apply Article 102 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 mutatis mutandis;\n(b) carry out checks on samples using nuclear magnetic resonance analysis to verify the nature of the alcohol at the time of end-use.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The costs of the checks referred to in paragraph 1 shall be borne by the firms to which the alcohol is sold.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["intervention agency", "sale", "viticulture", "ethanol", "alcohol", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["Laos", "regulatory committee (EU)", "self-employed person", "swap arrangement", "help desk", "military research", "use of outer space", "bulk product", "Mexico"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 601/2008 of 25 June 2008 on protective measures applying to certain fishery products imported from Gabon and intended for human consumption (Text with EEA relevance)\n26.6.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 165/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 601/2008\nof 25 June 2008\non protective measures applying to certain fishery products imported from Gabon and intended for human consumption\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 53(1)(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, the necessary measures must be adopted where it is evident that food imported from a third country is likely to constitute a serious risk to human health, animal health or the environment and that such risk cannot be contained satisfactorily by means of measures taken by the Member State(s) concerned.\n(2) A Community inspection carried out in Gabon in 2007 has revealed serious deficiencies with regard to certain fishery products intended to be exported to the European Community. Serious shortcomings were identified, in particular, regarding the capacity of the Gabonese authorities to take corrective action when high levels of heavy metals and sulphites occur.\n(3) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs\u00a0(2) lays down maximum levels of heavy metals for certain fishery products.\n(4) European Parliament and Council Directive 95/2/EC of 20 February 1995 on food additives others than colours and sweeteners\u00a0(3) lays down maximum levels of sulphites in certain fishery products.\n(5) Member States should therefore carry out appropriate checks on certain fishery products from Gabon on arrival at the Community border to ensure compliance with Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 and Directive 95/2/EC as regards heavy metals and sulphites, respectively.\n(6) Member States shall use appropriate sampling plans and analytical methods for these checks. For sampling and analysis of heavy metals Commission Regulation (EC) No 333/2007\u00a0(4) shall apply.\n(7) Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 sets up the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed, which should be used to implement the mutual information requirement provided for in Article 22(2) of Council Directive 97/78/EC\u00a0(5). In addition the Member States will keep the Commission informed through periodical reports of all analytical results of official controls carried out in respect of consignments of those fishery products from Gabon, covered by this Regulation.\n(8) The Regulation should be reviewed after one year in the light of the guarantees offered by the Gabonese competent authorities and on the basis of the results of the tests carried out by the Member States. A new Commission inspection may be necessary to verify the guarantees given.\n(9) All expenditure incurred in the application of this Regulation shall be charged to the consignor, consignee or his agent.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThis Regulation shall apply to those fishery products originating from Gabon and intended for human consumption which are covered by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards heavy metals and by European Parliament and Council Directive 95/2/EC as regards sulphites.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall, by using appropriate sampling plans and analytical methods, ensure that each consignment of products covered by Article 1 undergoes necessary tests to make sure that the products concerned comply with the provisions laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards heavy metals and in Directive 95/2/EC as regards sulphites. For heavy metals sampling and analysis shall be carried out according to Regulation (EC) No 333/2007.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall submit to the Commission every three months a report of all analytical results of official controls on consignments of products covered by Article 1. This report shall be submitted during the month following each quarter (April, July, October and January).\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The common reporting format, set out in the Annex to this Regulation shall be used.\nMember Sates shall not authorise imports of products as referred to in Article 1 that are found to be non-compliant with the provisions referred to in Article 2(1).\nAll expenditure incurred in the application of this Regulation shall be charged to the consignor, consignee or the agent of either.\nThis Regulation shall be reviewed in the light of the guarantees offered by the Gabonese competent authorities and on the basis of the results of the tests referred to in Article 2. A new Commission inspection may be necessary to verify the guarantees given.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food inspection", "health control", "Gabon", "heavy metal", "food safety", "import restriction", "fishery product"], "distractor groups": ["customs territory (EU)", "personal weapon", "special metal", "summary procedure", "personal effects", "cycle track", "Taiwan", "public statement"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0204/2009 of 16\u00a0March 2009 amending Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a032/2000 as regards the extension of the Community tariff quotas for jute and coconut-fibre products and to take account of amendments to Council Regulation (EEC) No\u00a02658/87 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff\n17.3.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 71/13\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 204/2009\nof 16 March 2009\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 as regards the extension of the Community tariff quotas for jute and coconut-fibre products and to take account of amendments to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 of 17 December 1999 opening and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas bound in GATT and certain other Community tariff quotas and establishing detailed rules for adjusting the quotas, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1808/95\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(1)(a) and the second indent of Article 9(1)(b), thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with the offer it made within the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (Unctad) and alongside its scheme of generalised preferences (GSP), the Community introduced tariff preferences in 1971 for jute and coconut-fibre products originating in certain developing countries. Those preferences took the form of a gradual reduction of Common Customs Tariff duties and, from 1978 to 31 December 1994, the complete suspension of these duties.\n(2) Since the entry into force of the GSP scheme in 1995, the Community has, alongside the GATT, opened autonomous zero-duty Community tariff quotas for specific quantities of jute and coconut-fibre products. The tariff quotas opened for those products under Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 were extended until 31 December 2008 under Commission Regulation (EC) No 2158/2005\u00a0(2).\n(3) As the GSP scheme was extended until 31 December 2011 under Council Regulation (EC) No 732/2008\u00a0(3) applying generalised tariff preferences, the tariff quota arrangement for jute and coconut-fibre products should also be extended until 31 December 2011.\n(4) In the Combined Nomenclature for 2009, laid down in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff\u00a0(4), as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1031/2008\u00a0(5), the Combined Nomenclature codes (CN codes) for certain products have been amended. Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 refers to some of those CN codes, and therefore needs to be adjusted.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) Since Regulation (EC) No 1031/2008 enters into force on 1 January 2009, this Regulation should apply from the same date.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nFor order Nos 09.0107, 09.0109 and 09.0111, in the fifth column (Quota period) of Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 32/2000, the words \u2018from 1.1.2006 to 31.12.2006, from 1.1.2007 to 31.12.2007 and from 1.1.2008 to 31.12.2008\u2019 are replaced by \u2018from 1.1.2009 to 31.12.2009, from 1.1.2010 to 31.12.2010 and from 1.1.2011 to 31.12.2011\u2019.\nAnnex IV to Regulation (EC) No 32/2000 is amended as follows:\n(a) in the first part of Annex IV, for order No 09.0104, the CN code \u20186406\u00a099\u00a080\u2019 in the second column is replaced by CN code \u20186406\u00a099\u00a085\u2019;\n(b) in the second part of Annex IV, the codes for order No 09.0104 are amended as follows:\n(i) in the row for CN code \u20186406\u00a010\u00a019\u2019, TARIC code \u201810\u2019 in the third column is deleted;\n(ii) CN codes \u20186406\u00a010\u00a011\u2019 and \u20186406\u00a010\u00a019\u2019 in the second column are replaced by CN code \u20186406\u00a010\u00a010\u2019;\n(iii) CN code \u20186406\u00a099\u00a080\u2019 in the second column is replaced by CN code \u20186406\u00a099\u00a085\u2019.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2009.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["nut", "textile product", "tariff nomenclature", "common customs tariff", "tariff quota", "jute"], "distractor groups": ["subsidiary", "telemedicine", "convergence criteria", "underpopulation", "flavoured wine", "estuary", "sulphur", "wood industry", "communications industry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 565/2008 of 18 June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs as regards the establishment of a maximum level for dioxins and PCBs in fish liver (Text with EEA relevance)\n19.6.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 160/20\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 565/2008\nof 18 June 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs as regards the establishment of a maximum level for dioxins and PCBs in fish liver\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 315/93 of 8 February 1993 laying down Community procedures for contaminants in food\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 2(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006\u00a0(2) sets maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs.\n(2) Maximum levels should be set at a strict level which is achievable by following good practices and taking into account the risk related to the consumption of food.\n(3) Very high levels of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs have been found in canned fish liver and were reported through the Rapid Alert System for Feed and Food (RASFF) since 2006. No maximum level was established for fish liver and processed products thereof. In order to protect public health competent authorities prohibited the placing on the market of those products because they were deemed to be unsafe.\n(4) It is appropriate to establish a Community maximum level for the sum of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in fish liver and processed products thereof to protect public health and to ensure a uniform approach in the internal market.\n(5) Taking into account the specific canning process of fish liver, the maximum level established for fresh fish liver should also apply to processed fish liver.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In Section 5 (Dioxins and PCBs) of the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006, the following point is added:\nMaximum levels\nSum of dioxins Sum of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs (WHO-PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ)\n\u20185.11 Fish liver and derived products thereof with the exception of marine oils referred to in point 5.10 \u2014 25,0 pg/g wet weight (32)\u00a0(3)\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Footnote 34 of the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(34) Foodstuffs listed in this category as defined in categories (a), (b), (c), (e) and (f) of the list in Article 1 of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000, with the exclusion of fish liver referred to in point 5.11.\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food contamination", "food standard", "foodstuff", "marketing standard", "consumer protection", "fish product", "food safety"], "distractor groups": ["geophysics", "inheritance", "industrial equipment", "trade union", "Maghreb", "European conference", "group of leading industrialised countries", "administrative supervision"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/665/EC: Commission Decision of 19 September 2005 amending Appendix A to Annex X to the 2003 Act of Accession as regards certain establishments in the meat sector in Hungary (notified under document number C(2005) 3450) (Text with EEA relevance)\n23.9.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 247/37\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 19 September 2005\namending Appendix A to Annex X to the 2003 Act of Accession as regards certain establishments in the meat sector in Hungary\n(notified under document number C(2005) 3450)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/665/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to the Act of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia, and in particular Annex X, Chapter 5, Section B, paragraph (d) thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) Annex X, Chapter 5, Section B, paragraph (a) to the 2003 Act of Accession provides that the structural requirements laid down in Annex I to Council Directive 64/433/EEC of 26 June 1964 on health conditions for the production and marketing of fresh meat\u00a0(1) are not to apply to establishments in Hungary listed in Appendix A\u00a0(2) to Annex X to the Act of Accession until 31 December 2006, subject to certain conditions.\n(2) Appendix A to Annex X to the 2003 Act of Accession has been amended by Commission Decisions 2004/462/EC\u00a0(3) and 2004/472/EC\u00a0(4).\n(3) According to an official declaration from the Hungarian competent authority, certain establishments in the meat sector have completed their upgrading process and are now in full compliance with Community legislation. Certain establishments have ceased their activities. Those establishments should therefore be deleted from the list of establishments in transition.\n(4) The status of two meat establishments and their reclassification as low capacity establishments is still under discussion with the Hungarian competent authority. It is necessary to foresee a short supplementary time in view to clarify the situation.\n(5) Furthermore a limited number of establishments have made considerable efforts to comply with structural requirements laid down by Community legislation. However those establishments are not in a position to finish their upgrading process by the prescribed deadline due to exceptional technical constraints. Therefore it is justified to allow them further time to complete the upgrading process.\n(6) Appendix A to Annex X to the 2003 Act of Accession should therefore be amended accordingly. For the sake of clarity, it should be replaced.\n(7) The Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health has been informed of the measures provided for in this Decision,\nAppendix A to the Annex X to the 2003 Act of Accession is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["accession to the European Union", "transitional period (EU)", "health control", "European standard", "Hungary", "health legislation", "meat processing industry"], "distractor groups": ["parliamentary debate", "International Energy Agency", "sugar product", "disc drive", "Roman law", "personal income tax", "secret ballot", "economic statistics"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1445/96 of 24 July 1996 terminating the investigation concerning the circumvention of anti-dumping measures imposed by Regulation (EEC) No 2861/93 on imports of certain magnetic disks (3,5\" microdisks) originating in Japan, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China by imports of the same product from Canada, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, and ceasing registration of this product\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1445/96 of 24 July 1996 terminating the investigation concerning the circumvention of anti-dumping measures imposed by Regulation (EEC) No 2861/93 on imports of certain magnetic disks (3,5″ microdisks) originating in Japan, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China by imports of the same product from Canada, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, and ceasing registration of this product\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), and in particular Articles 9, 13 and 14 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) By Regulation (EC) No 2451/95 (2) the Commission initiated an investigation concerning the circumvention of the anti-dumping duties imposed by Commission Regulation (EC) No 2861/93 (3) on imports of certain magnetic disks (3,5″ microdisks) originating in Japan, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China by the same product from Canada, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand and instructed customs authorities, pursuant to Articles 13 (3) and 14 (5) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 to register the imports covered by the investigation. The investigation was initiated following a request lodged by the Committee of European Diskette Manufacturers (Diskma).\n(2) The request contained prima facie evidence of a change in the pattern of trade between the countries concerned and the Community which sole due cause or justification was the existence of anti-dumping duties, and of transhipments through these countries to the Community of 3,5″ microdisks manufactured in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan. The request also showed that the imports from the countries concerned were being dumped in relation to the normal values previously established and were undermining the remedial effects of the anti-dumping duties imposed on imports of 3,5″ microdisks originating in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan. This evidence was considered to be sufficient to justify the initiation of an investigation.\n(3) The product concerned is 3,5″ microdisks, used to record and store encoded digital computer information, currently classifiable within CN code ex 8523 20 90.\n(4) The Commission officially advised the exporters known to be concerned and the representatives of the exporting countries about the initiation of the investigation and sent questionnaires to known exporters.\n(5) The investigation covered the period 1 July 1994 to 30 June 1995.\nB. INVESTIGATION\n(6) The Commission received replies from the following exporters:\n(a) Canada:\nKAO Infosystems Canada Inc., Ontario;\n(b) Hong Kong:\nJackin Magnetic Company Ltd,\nHong Kong Plantron (HK) Ltd,\nHong Kong Magnetic Ltd,\nBenelux Manufacturing Limited,\nPrime Standard Ltd;\n(c) India:\nAllied Electronics & Magnetics Ltd, Udaipur,\nMoser-Baer India Ltd, New Delhi,\nSujata Data Products Ltd, Bombay;\n(d) Indonesia:\nP.T. Beneluxindo, Djakarta;\n(e) Malaysia:\nDiscomp, Kuala Lumpur,\nKUB Microeletronics Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur,\nMega High-Tech Corp. (M) Sdn. Bhd, Penang;\n(f) Philippines:\nMaxi Data Philippines Inc., Manila;\n(g) Singapore:\nDatapulse Technology Ltd, Singapore,\nGeneral Magnetics Limited, Singapore,\nGoldtron Magmedia Pte. Ltd, Singapore,\nMJC (Singapore) Pte. Ltd, Singapore;\n(h) Thailand:\nGeneral Mediatech Co. Ltd, Bangkok,\nV-SA Cast Co. Ltd, Bangkok,\nV-SA Magnetic Co. Ltd, Bangkok.\nV-SA Magnetic was a subsidiary of V-SA Cast which held more than 50 % of the shares of V-SA Magnetic.\nNo exporter from Macao replied to the Commission's questionnaire.\nWith the exception of the companies located in Canada and the Philippines the Commission verified all the information submitted at the premises of the exporters mentioned above.\nC. RESULTS\nCanada, India, Philippines and Singapore\n(7) The Community industry alleged in its request to initiate the circumvention investigation that the combined market share of Canada, India, Philippines and Singapore was 4,5 % of Community consumption in 1994. However, based on the latest external trade statistics of the Community (Comext), the Commission established that the market share of these countries only amounted to 2,8 % during the investigation period, and thus it was less than the de minimis import volume referred to in Article 9 (3) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 for which injury shall normally be regarded as negligible. Furthermore, it was established that the imported quantities from these countries were also below the de minimis thresholds of Article 5 (8) of the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of GATT 1994 of 3 % of total imports of the like product into the Community on a per country basis, and of 7 % for all four countries taken together.\n(8) On this basis, the Commission considered it unlikely in this case that the imports from the four countries concerned could undermine in terms of quantities the remedial effects of the anti-dumping duties imposed on imports of the product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan.\nHong Kong\n(9) Jackin Magnetic and Plantron (HK) were found to be genuine producers of microdisks which accounted for about 90 % of total Hong Kong's export volume to the Community during the investigation period. No evidence of transhipments of the finished product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect of these two companies. Furthermore, it was established that for each company the parts imported from the countries subject to the anti-dumping duties constituted less than 60 % of the total value of the parts of the assembled product.\n(10) Hong Kong Magnetic is a trading company which sold microdisks to the Community. However, no evidence of transhipments to the Community of the finished product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect of this company.\n(11) Benelux Manufacturing and its subsidiary Prime Standard were found to be related to the Indonesian producer/exporter P. T. Beneluxindo (see recital 14) and to have sold microdisks to the Community. However, no evidence of transhipments to the Community of the finished product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect of these two companies in Hong Kong.\n(12) Another company which was related to the Thai exporter V-SA Magnetic, refused to cooperate in the investigation (see recital 18). The Commission services will continue to monitor closely the situation in this respect.\n(13) In view of these findings, it was established that the companies investigated did not fulfil the criteria set out in Article 13 (1) and (2) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 according to which imports of the product concerned transhipped through or assembled in third countries respectively could be considered to constitute circumvention. Furthermore, in view of the development of the imports of microdisks from Hong Kong into the Community which decreased from 2 816 tonnes in 1993 to 1 212 tonnes during the investigation period, it seems unlikely that these imports could undermine in terms of quantities the remedial effects of the anti-dumping duties imposed on the People's Republic of China and Taiwan.\nIndonesia\n(14) The sole exporter/producer investigated in Indonesia, P. T. Beneluxindo, accounted for the vast majority of the recorded imports into the Community during the investigation period. P. T. Beneluxindo is a subsidiary of Benelux Manufacturing Limited, Hong Kong which supplied P. T. Beneluxindo with all the parts used for the assembly of microdisks. All finished microdisks were then sent back to Hong Kong and sold from there by the sales subsidiary of Benelux Manufacturing Limited, Prime Standard Ltd, to independent customers in the Community. The company was found to be a genuine producer and it was established that the parts imported from the People's Republic of China and Taiwan constituted far less than 60 % of the total value of the parts of the assembled product. Furthermore, no evidence of transhipments of the finished product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect of P. T. Beneluxindo.\nTherefore, the conditions for circumvention outlined in Article 13 (1) and (2) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 have not been met in respect of the companies investigated.\nMacao\n(15) No company in Macao cooperated in the investigation. In these circumstances the Commission would normally be entitled to propose the extension of the anti-dumping measures to this country in order to avoid that circumvention continues. However, following an investigation by the anti-fraud services of the Commission (Uclaf), anti-dumping duties will be applied retroactively on imports of Chinese microdisks exported from Macao. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the remedial effects of the anti-dumping measures will not be significantly undermined by imports from Macao, the quantities which have fallen sharply following the anti-circumvention investigation period. In any event, the Commission will continue to monitor closely the development of imports into the Community of microdisks from Macao.\nMalaysia\n(16) The three exporters/producers investigated in Malaysia accounted for nearly all the recorded imports from this country into the Community during the investigation period. While two of these producers were not related to any exporter/producer in the countries subject to the anti-dumping duties, the third one (Mega High-Tech Corp.) was a subsidiary of a Taiwanese company. All three were found to be genuine producers and it was established that the parts imported from the People's Republic of China and Taiwan constituted far less than 60 % of the total value of the parts of the product assembled by each producer. Moreover, no evidence of transhipments of the finished product concerned originating in the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect of any of the Malaysian producers concerned.\nConsequently the conditions for circumvention outlined in Article 13 (1) and (2) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 have not been met in respect of the companies investigated.\nThailand\n(17) The three companies investigated in Thailand accounted for the vast majority of all the recorded imports into the Community from this country during the investigation period. The subsidiary of V-SA Cast, V-SA magnetic (see recital 6 (h)), and General Mediatech were found to be genuine producers and the parts of Chinese or Taiwanese origin used in the assembly of microdisks constituted less than 60 % of the total value of the parts of the assembled product by each of these companies. In addition, no evidence of transhipment of the finished product from the People's Republic of China or Taiwan was found in respect to these two companies.\n(18) V-SA Cast was found to have transhipped 28 million microdisks supplied by a company located in Hong Kong which held 15 % of V-SA Magnetic shares. However, given the lack of cooperation of the related company in Hong Kong, no evidence could be found which indicated that the microdisks concerned were of Chinese or Taiwanese origin. The presumption of such origin would seem to be excessively punitive for the Thai company, taking account of its efforts to persuade the Hong Kong company to cooperate in the investigation and the small shareholding by this latter company in the V-SA group.\nIn view of the above the Commission considers that the conditions for circumvention outlined in Article 13 (1) and (2) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 have not been met in respect of the companies investigated.\nD. TERMINATION OF THE INVESTIGATION\n(19) In the light of the above findings and considerations made in respect of the nine countries subject to the circumvention investigation, it appears appropriate that the latter be terminated without extension to any of those countries of the anti-dumping duties imposed on imports of microdisks originating in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan. The registration of imports of microdisks from these countries introduced by Regulation (EC) No 2451/95 shall cease.\n(20) The Advisory Committee has been consulted and has raised no objection.\n(21) Interested parties were informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which the Commission intended to terminate the investigation and have been given the opportunity to comment,\nThe investigation concerning the circumvention of the anti-dumping duties imposed by Regulation (EC) No 2861/93 on imports of certain magnetic disks (3,5″ microdisks) originating in Japan, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China by imports of the same product originating in Canada, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand initiated by Regulation (EC) No 2451/95 is hereby terminated.\nRegulation (EC) No 2451/95 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["anti-dumping duty", "customs regulations", "magnetic medium", "third country", "import", "anti-dumping legislation"], "distractor groups": ["atmospheric pollutant", "tropical zone", "updating of skills", "judicial investigation", "soft fruit", "loan", "law relating to information", "Middle Norrland (Sweden)", "green area"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1015/2014 of 22 July 2014 amending Annexes II and III to Regulation (EU) No 978/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council applying a scheme of generalised tariff preferences, and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013\n27.9.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 283/20\nCOMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 1015/2014\nof 22 July 2014\namending Annexes II and III to Regulation (EU) No 978/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council applying a scheme of generalised tariff preferences, and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EU) No 978/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 applying a scheme of generalised tariff preferences and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 732/2008\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 5(3) and 10(5) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 4 of the Regulation (EU) No 978/2012 (\u2018the GSP Regulation\u2019) establishes the criteria for granting tariff preferences under the general arrangement of the Generalised Scheme of Preferences (\u2018GSP\u2019).\n(2) Article 4(1)(a) of the GSP Regulation provides that a country that has been classified by the World Bank as a high-income or an upper-middle income country for three consecutive years should not benefit from GSP preferences.\n(3) Article 4(1)(b) of the GSP Regulation provides that a country that benefits from a preferential market access arrangement which provides the same tariff preferences as the GSP, or better, for substantially all trade, should not enjoy GSP preferences.\n(4) The list of beneficiary countries of the general GSP is established by Annex II to the GSP Regulation. Article 5 of the GSP Regulation lays down that Annex II is to be reviewed by 1 January of each year to reflect changes in relation to the criteria laid down in Article 4. Furthermore, it provides for a GSP beneficiary country and economic operators to be given sufficient time for an orderly adaptation to the country's GSP status revision. Accordingly, the GSP arrangement is to continue for one year after the date of entry into force of a change in a country's status on the basis of Article 4(1)(a) and for two years from the date of application of a preferential market access arrangement, as provided by Article 4(1)(b).\n(5) Turkmenistan has been classified by the World Bank as an upper-middle income country in 2012, 2013 and 2014. Accordingly, Turkmenistan no longer qualifies for GSP beneficiary status under Article 4(1)(a) and should be removed from Annex II of the GSP Regulation. The decision to remove a beneficiary country from the list of GSP beneficiary countries should apply as from one year after the date of entry into force of that decision. In the interests of a uniform application, Turkmenistan should be removed from Annex II with effect from 1 January 2016.\n(6) Preferential market access arrangements with the following countries started to apply at various dates in 2013: Peru on 1 March 2013, Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama on 1 August 2013, Costa Rica and El\u00a0Salvador on 1 October 2013 and Guatemala on 1 December 2013. In order to ensure a uniform application of the change to their GSP status and in line with the GSP Regulation, Peru, Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica, El\u00a0Salvador and Guatemala should be removed from Annex II with effect from 1 January 2016.\n(7) Article 9(1) of the GSP Regulation establishes specific eligibility criteria for granting tariff preferences under the special incentive arrangement for sustainable development and good governance (\u2018GSP+\u2019). One key condition is that the country must be a GSP beneficiary. The list of GSP+ beneficiaries is established in Annex III to the GSP Regulation.\n(8) As a consequence of their ceasing to be GSP beneficiaries, Costa-Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Panama and Peru also cease to be GSP+ beneficiaries under Article 9(1) of the GSP Regulation. Those countries should therefore be removed from Annex III to the GSP Regulation with effect from 1 January 2016.\n(9) Pursuant to Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1421/2013\u00a0(2), Ecuador ceases to be a GSP beneficiary as from 1 January 2015. Consequently, in line with Article 9 of the GSP Regulation, Ecuador will cease to be GSP+ beneficiary and should be removed from Annex III to the GSP Regulation with effect from the same date.\n(10) Following the entry into force of Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1421/2013 on 1 January 2014, Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013\u00a0(3) which provided a consolidated version of Annex II and also for the removal of Iran and Azerbaijan from the list of GSP beneficiary countries no longer applies. Therefore, for the sake of legal clarity, Delegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013 should be repealed. However, in derogation from Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1421/2013, Delegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013 should still apply until 22\u00a0February 2014 as regards Azerbaijan and Iran. Consequently, it needs to be clarified that Iran and Azerbaijan maintained GSP beneficiary status from 1 January 2014 to 22 February 2014,\nAmendments toRegulation (EU) No 978/2012\nRegulation (EU) No 978/2012 is amended as follows:\n1. In Annex II, the following countries and the corresponding alphabetical codes are removed from columns A and B, respectively:\nCO Colombia\nCR Costa Rica\nGT Guatemala\nSV El Salvador\nHN Honduras\nNI Nicaragua\nPA Panama\nPE Peru\nTM Turkmenistan\n2. Annex III is amended as follows:\n(a) the following country and the corresponding alphabetical code is removed from columns A and B, respectively:\nEC Ecuador\n(b) the following countries and the corresponding alphabetical codes are removed from columns A and B, respectively:\nCR Costa Rica\nGT Guatemala\nSV El Salvador\nPA Panama\nPE Peru\nRepeal\nDelegated Regulation (EU) No 154/2013 is repealed with effect from 1 January 2014.\nIn derogation from Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1421/2013, the repeal shall take effect on 23 February 2014 as regards Azerbaijan and Iran.\nEntry into force and application\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\n(1) shall apply from 1 January 2016.\n(2)(a) shall apply from 1 January 2015.\n(2)(b) shall apply from 1 January 2016.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["industrialised country", "eligibility criteria", "generalised preferences", "aid recipient", "tariff preference", "preferential agreement"], "distractor groups": ["work permit", "public awareness campaign", "nursing care", "insurance", "database management system", "pupil", "urban construction", "crustacean farming", "Arab organisation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 1421/98 of 29 June 1998 amending Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 opening and providing for the administration of autonomous Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and industrial products\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1421/98 of 29 June 1998 amending Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 opening and providing for the administration of autonomous Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and industrial products\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 28 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas, by virtue of Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 (1), the Council opened autonomous Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and industrial products; whereas Community demand for the products in question should be met under the most favourable conditions; whereas Community tariff quotas should therefore be opened at reduced or zero rates of duty for appropriate volumes, and increased or extended in the case of certain existing tariff quotas, avoiding any disturbance to the markets for these products;\nWhereas Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 should therefore be amended,\nAnnex I to Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 shall be amended as follows:\n1. for the quota period from 1 January to 30 June 1998:\n- order number 09.2935: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 70 000 tonnes,\n- order number 09.2967: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 3 000 000 units;\n2. for the quota period from 1 January to 31 December 1998:\n- order number 09.2799: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 30 000 tonnes,\n- order number 09.2943: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 30 000 000 units,\n- order number 09.2947: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 1 300 tonnes,\n- order number 09.2959: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 45 000 tonnes,\n- order number 09.2963: the amount of the tariff quota shall be 500 000 000 units;\n3. the quota period for tariff quota with order number 09.2965 shall be replaced by: 1.1-31.12.1998;\n4. the tariff quotas shown in the Annex to this Regulation shall be added.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 1998 as regards points 1, 2 and 3 of Article 1 and as from 1 July 1998 as concerns point 4 thereof.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "agricultural product", "industrial product"], "distractor groups": ["Viborg (county)", "Kashmir question", "protocol to an agreement", "Chile", "nuclear war", "Varna region", "West Zealand (county)", "home help", "profit", "Eurogroup (NATO)", "computer crime", "international credit"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2009/125/EC: Commission Decision of 12\u00a0February 2009 concerning a financial contribution by the Community towards controlling sheep and goat plague in Morocco\n13.2.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 42/20\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 12 February 2009\nconcerning a financial contribution by the Community towards controlling sheep and goat plague in Morocco\n(2009/125/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 90/424/EEC of 26 June 1990 on expenditure in the veterinary field\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 8 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Pursuant to Decision 90/424/EEC, the Community may give its support to control measures against a disease by a third country, if the occurrence or the development of such a disease in the third country concerned may constitute a danger to the Community.\n(2) Sheep and goat plague (known also by the French name Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)) is a highly infectious and contagious disease of small ruminants very similar to Cattle Plague (Rinderpest). In the last decade this disease has shown a very clear tendency to spread, both in Africa and Asia.\n(3) Morocco has informed the Commission that sheep and goat plague has been detected on its territory and has spread in a very short time extensively. The strain of the virus detected recently in Morocco is of a type that was not found hitherto in Africa.\n(4) Sheep and goat plague can be controlled through vaccination, and a vaccine is available that will protect against all serotypes and which gives a long lasting protection against the disease.\n(5) The authorities in Morocco have prepared a vaccination strategy. They have sent the strategy to the Commission and have asked for Community financial support.\n(6) The spread to the Community of sheep and goat plague cannot always be prevented by the measures put in place at the Community borders, while an outbreak of such a disease in the Community would have very serious consequences and therefore needs to be averted. For this reason it is appropriate to support Morocco in its efforts to control the disease, to prevent it becoming endemic in this country, and to make vaccines available to Morocco for the vaccination campaign against Sheep and goat plague. The maximum amount of that contribution should be specified.\n(7) Because of the urgency of the situation, the measures provided for in this Decision should preferably be completed by 31 May 2009 at the latest.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall provide to the Moroccan authorities vaccines against sheep and goat plague, for use in the ongoing vaccination campaign in Morocco against that disease.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The measures mentioned in paragraph 1 shall be carried out by the Commission in cooperation with the authorities in Morocco. The vaccines to be provided to the Moroccan authorities shall be used for the vaccination strategy against sheep and goat plague to be undertaken in 2009 in Morocco.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall bear the full cost of the measures referred to in Article 1(1) which shall not exceed a maximum amount of EUR\u00a01\u00a0500\u00a0000.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall conclude a procurement contract (supply contract) on the measures provided for in paragraph 1 via the appropriate call for tender procedure, for which the procedure shall be launched by 31 May 2009.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Director-General of the Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection is hereby authorised to sign the contract provided for in paragraph 2 on behalf of the Commission.\nThe financial contributions provided for in Articles 1 and 2 shall be financed through the budget line 17\u00a004\u00a002\u00a001 of the budget of the European Communities for 2009", "answer groups": ["EU financing", "vaccination", "calf", "animal plague", "cattle", "epidemiology"], "distractor groups": ["small industry", "national income", "slaughter animal", "castor bean", "tax-free allowance", "female unemployment", "social-security contribution", "confederal State", "West Midlands"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "90/399/EEC: Commission Decision of 26 July 1990 terminating an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain single phase, two-speed electric motors originating in Bulgaria, Romania and Czechoslovakia\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 26 July 1990\nterminating an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain single phase, two-speed electric motors originating in Bulgaria, Romania and Czechoslovakia\n(90/399/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nAfter consultation within the Advisory Committee as provided for by Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) In July 1989 the Commission received a complaint lodged by Associazione Nazionale Industrie Elettrotechniche ed Elettroniche (ANIE), Italy, Groupement des Industries de Mat\u00e9riels d'Equipement Electrique et de L'Electronique Industrielle Associ\u00e9e (Gimelec), France and Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de Fabricantes de B\u00edenes de Equipo (Sercobe), Spain, trade associations which represent the majority of the Community production of the electric motors concerned.\nThe complaint was accompanied by sufficient evidence of dumping and injury to justify the initiation of an investigation.\nConsequently, the Commission published a notice in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2) announcing the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of certain single phase, two-speed electric motors originating in Bulgaria, Romania and Czechoslovakia falling within CN code 8501 40 90, and started an investigation.\nB. PRODUCT\n(2) The products allegedly being dumped are AC, single phase, two-speed, electric motors used in the construction of low-speed washing machines. These electric motors fall within CN code 8501 40 90.\nIt should be noted that electric motors of the type described are used only in washing machines destined for markets in the southern half of the Community, i.e. France, Spain, Italy, Greece and Portugal, owing to the fact that the washing machine motors that are produced and used in northern Community countries have different technical specifications and fall within different CN codes.\n(3) When considering the 'likeness' between the Community electric motors concerned and the exported electric motors which are the subject of this proceeding, the Commission established that these motors were alike in their essential character and identical in their use. None of those concerned commented on this question, within the meaning of Article 2 (12) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88.\nC. SUBSEQUENT PROCEDURE\n(4) The Commission officially notified the exporters and importers known to be concerned, representatives of the exporting countries and the complainants, giving those directly concerned the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing. Some of them asked for and received a hearing from the Commission. Some importers made their views known in writing.\n(5) The Commission collected and verified all the information it considered necessary to assess the evidence and carried out inspections at the premises of the following firms:\nCommunity producers\n- Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Electrom\u00e9canique du Nivernais (Selni),\nNevers,\nFrance,\n- Nuova IB-MEI spa,\nAsti,\nItaly,\n- Sole spa,\nPordenone,\nItaly,\n- IB-MEI,\nMostoles,\nSpain.\n(6) Pursuant to Article 7 (1) (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the dumping investigation covered the period 1 January to 30 September 1989 (hereinafter the 'investigation period').\nD. INJURY\n(7) When deciding whether the allegedly dumped imports caused major injury to the Community industry, the Commission considered whether or not to regard these imports as a whole.\nAfter having eliminated Bulgaria from its study, since no exports from this country had been recorded in 1988 or during the investigation period, the Commission established that the imported products were alike, that they were competing on the Community market and that they were destined for the same customers, and decided to regard them as a whole.\nWhen assessing the situation of the Community industry, the Commission took account of the following:\n(a) Volume, market share and price of imports\nVolume and market share\n(8) Imports into the Community of the electric motors which are the subject of the procedure originating in Romania and Czechoslovakia rose from 984 086 units in 1986 to 1 084 523 in 1988, an increase of 10,2 %.\nDuring the investigation period 745 365 units were imported. When extrapolated for the whole of 1989, these imports are revealed to be 8,3 % down.\n(9) Compared with Community consumption, which rose from 3 703 871 units in 1986 to 4 206 932 in 1988, an increase of 13,6 %, the market share of motors imported from Romania and Czechoslovakia fell from 26,6 % to 25,7 %.\nDuring the investigation period, the market share of the imports concerned fell further to 23,9 %, Community consumption in 1989 being down 0,6 % on 1988.\nPrice\n(10) Evidence available to the Commission showed undercutting in Italy and Spain, the two main markets for the imports.\nOn the Italian market, the Romanian exporter was established to be undercutting by between 3 and 26 %, and the Czechoslovak exporter by between 5 and 26 %.\nIn Spain, the Czechoslovak exporter was established to have been undercutting by between 4 and 18 %. There were no Romanian exports to this market during the investigation period.\n(b) Situation of the Community industry\nThe Commission examined whether the imports alleged to have been dumped had had any serious effect on the Community industry.\nCommunity production\n(11) Community production increased by 19,6 % from 1986 to 1988, from 2 737 574 units to 3 275 226, while its consumption increased by only 13 %.\nDuring the investigation period, Community production was 2 484 652 units; extrapolating this figure for the whole of 1989 shows a slight increase in production of 1 % against a 0,6 % drop in Community consumption.\nUtilization of production capacity\n(12) Utilization of production capacity, which had increased from 69 % to 76,7 % between 1986 and 1988, fell noticeably during the investigation period (to 71,7 %) because Community producers had increased their production capacity during 1988 and the investigation period.\nCommunity sales and market share\n(13) From 1986 to 1988 the sales of the Community producers concerned increased by 14,8 %, from 2 719 785 units to 3 122 409. During the investigation period 2 378 048 units were sold. Extrapolating this figure for the whole of 1989 reveals an increase of 1,3 %. (14) The market share of Community sales rose from 73,4 % in 1986 to 74,6 % in 1988 and 76 % in the investigation period.\nSelling price and profit\n(15) Community producers raised their prices considerably during the investigation period. Some Community producers alleged, however, that competition from allegedly dumped imports had prevented them from raising their prices in line with increasing production costs.\n(16) Although the financial circumstances of Community producers seem overall to have deteriorated when the investigation period is compared with the preceding years, the Commission was not able to verify this trend because two undertakings accounting for almost half of Community production during the investigation period supplied no data on their financial situation in preceding years.\nWhatever the case may be, two producers are still showing a profit. One is a producer of electric motors integrated into a group making washing machines, and the other is an independent producer, i.e. one not linked to a washing machine manufacturer. Of the Community producers making losses, one is an integrated producer and the other the subsidiary of the abovementioned independent producer.\nThe Commission found that the losses recorded by the integrated producer were a consequence more of the group's purchasing policy than of the imports alleged to have been dumped. In the case of the independent producer's subsidiary and in the absence of data regarding its financial situation in preceding years, it was not possible to prove that the losses found during the investigation period were caused by the imports in question.\nConclusions concerning the injury\n(17) The above information shows that the imports of motors of Romanian and Czechoslovak origin increased less rapidly than Community consumption; the decline in these imports was particularly noticeable during the investigation period, falling by 8 % while Community consumption remained relatively stable. The market share of the imports concerned was down by almost 3 % on 1986.\nThe Community producers, for their part, were able to increase production and sales at a rate faster than that at which Community consumption grew, so increasing their market share. Any slight decline in their utilization of production capacity during the investigation period is the result of increases in production capacity during 1988 and the investigation period, which were out of line with trends in Community consumption.\nThe producers were able to increase their prices considerably in spite of undercutting. It was not possible to satisfactorily verify arguments that these increases were inadequate and these arguments seemed irrelevant in the case of two of the producers, whose prices are set by their washing machine-making parent companies.\nConsequently, the Commission is unable to attribute any deterioration in financial results during the investigation period to the imports in question.\nIn view of the above, the Commission has to conclude that imports of electric motors originating in Romania and Czechoslovakia have not caused significant injury to the Community industry in question.\nE. THREAT OF INJURY\n(18) It was alleged that the Spanish market was an exceptional case owing to higher customs duties than those applicable under the Common Customs Tariff and to quantitative restrictions covering the type of motor concerned by this proceeding, and that the lack of an anti-dumping measure would cause serious injury to this country when these protective measures were abolished in 1992.\nWhile considering this argument irrelevant since the customs duties and quantitative restrictions in question were not introduced to compensate for dumping, the Commission examined the argument in the light of Article 4 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, which provides that account may be taken, when determining threat of injury, of factors such as the rate of increase of the exports concerned to the Community and the export capacity of the country of origin. The Commission found that Romania had not exported to Spain in 1988 and 1989 and that Czechoslovak exports had fallen considerably during the investigation period, and also that there was nothing to indicate a probable expansion in the near future of the Czechoslovak undertaking's export capacity. On the contrary, the Czechoslovak exporter wrote saying that it had cut production and production capacity. The Commission therefore feels that the criteria for a threat of injury to the Spanish market in particular have not been fulfilled.\nF. DUMPING\n(19) In view of the above conclusions concerning the lack of injury or threat of injury, the Commission does not consider it necessary to continue the investigation concerning dumped imports of motors originating in Romania and Czechoslovakia.\nG. TERMINATION OF THE ANTI-DUMPING PROCEEDING\n(20) The anti-dumping proceeding must therefore be terminated without the imposition of protective measures.\n(21) The Anti-Dumping Committee raised no objection to this conclusion.\n(22) The complainants have been informed of the grounds and essential considerations underlying the Commission's decision to terminate the proceeding,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain single phase, two-speed electric motors originating in Bulgaria, Romania and Czechoslovakia, and falling within CN code 8501 40 90 is hereby terminated", "answer groups": ["Eastern Bloc countries", "engine", "import", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["genetically modified organism", "price of agricultural produce", "crop yield", "turnout of voters", "residence permit", "Uppsala county", "summarising", "free movement of programmes", "Marxism", "water requirements", "container"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1642/2001 of 10 August 2001 laying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private storage aid\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1642/2001\nof 10 August 2001\nlaying down exceptional measures on the beef and veal markets in form of private storage aid\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in beef and veal(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1512/2001(2), and in particular Article 39 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The outbreak in Spring 2001 of foot-and-mouth disease in certain areas of the Community and the restrictions on movements of meat and animals imposed in application of the veterinary measures taken pursuant to Council Directive 85/511/EEC of 18 November 1985 introducing Community measures for the control of foot-and-mouth disease(3), as last amended by the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, have brought about a serious disturbance of the Community veal market. Veal calves which were ready for slaughter had to be kept in the stables awaiting the end of the movement restrictions. In order to avoid a further deterioration of the veal market when those heavier animals are coming forward for slaughter it is appropriate to provide for a private storage scheme which is likely to absorb the supplementary tonnage being produced until October where the balance is expected to return to the market.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) 907/2000(4) lays down detailed rules for the application of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 as regards aid for private storage in the beef and veal sector. Provision should hereby be made to fix not only the amount of aid for a specific minimum period of storage but also the amounts to be applied if that period is extended. In the light of the urgency of this measure, the amount of aid shall be fixed in advance. The fixing of the amount of aid should in particular take into account the market value of the veal carcasses and their subsequent depreciation through freezing.\n(3) With a view to increasing the market effect of the private storage arrangements, the period for placing in storage should be as short as possible.\n(4) Article 3(2)(a) and Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 should not apply due to the age and weight of the veal animals concerned.\n(5) The measures provided for in Article 5 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 565/80 of 4 March 1980 on the advance payment of export refunds in respect of agricultural productions(5), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2026/83(6), should not apply in order to ensure equal treatment of all products regardless of their destination.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\n1. Applications for private storage aid may be introduced from 23 August until 28 September 2001 in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 and this Regulation.\n2. Only fresh or chilled half-carcasses of bovine animals not over 270 days of age and produced in full compliance with all prevailing veterinary rules shall qualify for private storage aid.\nA half-carcass shall be defined in accordance with the description referred to in Article 2(1)(b) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1208/81(7) and shall be presented without the by-products referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 2(2) of that Regulation.\nWhere half-carcasses are cut into quarters, the quartering shall be carried out in a way which allows the necessary control of the eligibility requirements under the first subparagraph. With a view to acceptance for private storage, quarters shall be grouped by half-carcass when placed under the control of the intervention agency.\n3. The period of storage to be included in the contract in accordance with Article 4(5)(d) of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 shall be two months, with the possibility for the contracting operator, at his request, to prolong the storage period by one further month as a maximum.\nThat request must be lodged in due time before the end of the obligatory storage period. Only one prolongation per contract shall be permitted.\n4. The amount of aid for the storage period of two months shall be EUR 1020 per tonne of carcass weight. If the storage period is extended in accordance with paragraph 3, the amount of aid shall be increased by a daily supplement of EUR 1,1 per tonne.\n5. Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 shall not apply. In the case of boning, the competent authority shall take the necessary measures to control that the deboning operations are made in accordance with normal commercial practice and that all the deboned meat is stored.\n1. The minimum quantity per contract shall be 10 tonnes.\n2. Notwithstanding Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 placing in storage must be completed not later than 14 days after the date of conclusion of the contract.\nNotwithstanding Article 1(1), the Commission may decide to stop the application of this Regulation where applications for private storage contracts exceed 10000 tonnes.\n1. Article 3(2)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000 shall not apply.\n2. Products stored under this Regulation shall not benefit from the arrangements laid down in Article 5 of Regulation (EEC) No 565/80.\nThe notifications pursuant to Article 29(2) of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000, from Member States to the Commission, shall be made by fax on one of the following numbers:\n- (32-2) 295 36 13,\n- (32-2) 296 60 27.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["veal", "storage", "aid to agriculture", "carcase", "private stock"], "distractor groups": ["reparcelling", "EU-NATO cooperation", "County of Primorje-Gorski Kotar", "crime against individuals", "takeover bid", "non-polluting vehicle", "uncultivated land", "man-made fibre", "business administration", "management information system"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2006/55/EC of 12 June 2006 amending Annex III to Council Directive 66/402/EEC as regards the maximum weight of seed lots (Text with EEA relevance)\n13.6.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 159/13\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2006/55/EC\nof 12 June 2006\namending Annex III to Council Directive 66/402/EEC as regards the maximum weight of seed lots\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/402/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of cereal seed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 21a thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The international rules in respect of the maximum weights for seed lots of certain cereal species, in particular Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Triticum spelta, Secale cereale, Triticosecale and Oryza sativa, Avena sativa and Hordeum vulgare, have recently been revised.\n(2) It is appropriate to adapt the maximum weights for seed lots of those species laid down in Community law.\n(3) Directive 66/402/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nIn column 2 of the table in Annex III to Directive 66/402/EEC, \u201825\u2019 is replaced by \u201830\u2019.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 December 2006 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law, which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["marketing standard", "seed", "cereals"], "distractor groups": ["decision", "EU law - international law", "national independence", "EU agriculture committee", "copyright exception", "Sweden", "animal oil", "investment policy", "linguistic discrimination", "anti-racist movement", "personnel administration", "withdrawal price"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01774/2004 of 14 October 2004 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01623/2000 laying down detailed rules for implementing Regulation (EC) No\u00a01493/1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine with regard to market mechanisms\n15.10.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 316/61\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1774/2004\nof 14 October 2004\namending Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 laying down detailed rules for implementing Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine with regard to market mechanisms\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 26 and 33 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under the arrangements for the private storage of wine and musts provided for in Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999, producers should be allowed to conclude sales contracts during the period of validity of storage contracts in order to encourage them to become more market oriented.\n(2) Article 42 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000\u00a0(2), provides for the approval of distillers of wine and the drawing up of lists of approved distillers. Given the importance of the distillation of potable alcohol, distillers should be guaranteed access to those lists. In addition, given advances in communications technologies, the electronic publication of this information should be provided for.\n(3) As regards the arrangements for the distillation or the withdrawal under supervision of by-products of wine-making, the rules on the organic production of grapes should be clarified and the notification to the Commission of certain derogations granted by the Member States should be provided for.\n(4) Article 63a of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000, concerning the distillation of wine into potable alcohol, lays down a percentage of producers\u2019 production that may be distilled. The percentage for the 2004/05 wine year should be set. In addition, experience in previous wine years indicates that some of the dates for this distillation should be amended. In order better to monitor the movement of the alcohol obtained in these distillation operations, prior authorisation should be provided for.\n(5) In order to guarantee the smooth implementation of intervention measures where several Member States are involved, the Commission should be notified of the competent authorities designated by the Member States.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 should consequently be amended.\n(7) In order to permit the application of the amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 for the whole wine year, this Regulation should apply from 1 August 2004.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Wine,\nRegulation (EC) No 1623/2000 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Article 34, paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 42 is replaced by the following:\n3. Article 49(4 ) is replaced by the following:\n(a) producers who produce no more than 80\u00a0hl by themselves on their own premises;\n(b) producers who grow their grapes using organic production methods.\u2019\n4. In Article 50, the following subparagraph is added to paragraph 1(b):\n5. Article 63a is amended as follows:\n(a) in paragraph 1, the words \u2018for the period from 1 October to 31 December\u2019 are replaced by \u2018for the period from 1 October to 23 December\u2019;\n(b) in the first subparagraph of paragraph 2, the words \u2018For the wine year 2003/04\u2019 are replaced by \u2018For the 2004/05 wine year\u2019;\n(c) paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n(d) in the first subparagraph of paragraph 6, the words \u2018between 25 January and 15 February\u2019 are replaced by \u2018between 30 January and 20 February\u2019;\n(e) paragraph 7 is replaced by the following:\n6. In Article 64(2), the following subparagraph is added:\n7. Article 65 is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n(a) in the case referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 3, by the declaration,\n(b) in the case referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 3, by the declaration accompanied by a contract for delivery for distillation on the producer's behalf concluded between the producer and the distiller.\u2019\n(b) in paragraph 7, the following subparagraph is added:\n8. Article 66(2) is replaced by the following:\n9. In Article 74(5), the words \u2018within the deadline laid down in Article 65(7)\u2019 are replaced by \u2018within the deadline laid down in Article 65(7) plus one month.\u2019\n10. The following Article 102b is added:\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 August 2004.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["wine", "viticulture", "common organisation of markets", "stock"], "distractor groups": ["popularising science", "long-term care", "cooperative", "president of an institution", "occupational accident", "autonomist party", "audiovisual co-production", "learning", "marine mammal", "local wine", "timetable for EMU"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/861/EC: Council Decision of 24 November 2005 appointing an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions\n3.12.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 317/18\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 24 November 2005\nappointing an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions\n(2005/861/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 263 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Netherlands Government,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 22 January 2002 the Council adopted Decision 2002/60/EC\u00a0(1) appointing the members and alternate members of the Committee of the Regions for the period 26 January 2002 to 25 January 2006.\n(2) A seat as an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions has become vacant following the resignation of Mr G. Ph. HUFFNAGEL,\nMs L. J. GRIFFITH,\n\u2018Wethouder\u2019 in Amsterdam,\nis hereby appointed an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr G. Ph. HUFFNAGEL for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 2006.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall take effect on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["European Committee of the Regions", "appointment of staff"], "distractor groups": ["legislative initiative", "environmental research", "optical medium", "electric vehicle", "voting intentions", "minister", "inland waterway", "cream", "greenhouse effect", "doctor", "broker", "economic sector", "EU office or agency"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/345/EU: Commission Decision of 6 June 2014 amending Decision 2012/481/EU establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the EU Ecolabel for printed paper (notified under document C(2014) 3590) Text with EEA relevance\n11.6.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 170/64\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 6 June 2014\namending Decision 2012/481/EU establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the EU Ecolabel for printed paper\n(notified under document C(2014) 3590)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2014/345/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 66/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2009 on the EU Ecolabel\u00a0(1), and in particular 8(2) thereof,\nAfter consulting the European Union Eco-Labelling Board,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2012/481/EU\u00a0(2) excludes board substrates above 400 g/m2 from the scope, as that Decision requires that printed paper products are printed only on paper bearing the EU Ecolabel as established in Commission Decision 2011/333/EU\u00a0(3) or in Commission Decision 2012/448/EU\u00a0(4). However, certain product categories, such as pads, notebooks, exercise books, spiral-bound notebooks and calendars with covers, included in the scope of Decision 2012/481/EU, entail the use of paperboard substrates which exceed 400 g/m2. Therefore, the implementation of the criteria for certain products has been impossible.\n(2) The scope of Commission Decision 2014/256/EU\u00a0(5) includes stationery paper products that consist of at least 70 % by weight of paper, paperboard or paper-based substrates and establishes requirements for board substrates with a basis weight higher than 400 g/m2.\n(3) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee set up by Article 16 of Regulation (EC) No 66/2010.\n(4) Decision 2012/481/EU should therefore be amended accordingly,\nDecision 2012/481/EU is amended as follows:\n(1) in Article 1, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(2) in paragraph 3 of Article 1, point (c) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(c) folders, envelopes, ring binders and stationery paper products.\u2019;\n(3) in Article 2, point (1) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(1) \u201cBooks\u201d means yarn-bound and/or glue-bound printed paper products with hard or soft covers, such as school books, fiction or non-fiction books, reports, handbooks and paperbacks. \u201cBooks\u201d do not include journals, brochures, magazines, catalogues published on a regular basis and annual reports.\u2019;\n(4) in Article 2, point (9) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(9) A \u201cprinted paper product\u201d means the product resulting from the processing of a printing material. The processing consists of printing onto paper. In addition to printing, the processing may include finishing, for example folding, stamping and cutting or assembling, using glue, binding, yarn-binding. Printed paper products include newspapers, advertising materials and news-sheets, journals, catalogues, books, leaflets, brochures, posters, business cards and labels.\u2019;\n(5) Criterion 3 in Annex to Decision 2012/481/EU is amended:\n(a) Wet strength agents may be used only if the recyclability of the finished product can be proved.\n(b) Adhesives may be used only if their removability can be proved.\n(c) Coating varnishes and lamination, including polyethene and/or polyethene/polypropylene, may be used only for covers of books, magazines and catalogues.\n(d) The de-inkability shall be proved.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["paper", "environmental standard", "technical specification", "environmental impact", "electronic device", "European standard", "eco-label"], "distractor groups": ["EU relations", "New Caledonia", "distributive trades", "Vojvodina", "demilitarised zone", "provision of documents", "conference proceedings", "natural disaster"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0542/2009 of 23\u00a0June 2009 opening the tendering procedure for aid for private storage of olive oil\n24.6.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 161/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 542/2009\nof 23 June 2009\nopening the tendering procedure for aid for private storage of olive oil\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 43(a), (d) and (j), in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 33 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 provides that the Commission may decide to authorise bodies, offering sufficient guarantees and approved by the Member States, to conclude contracts for the storage of olive oil that they market in the event of a serious disturbance on the market in certain regions of the Community.\n(2) In Spain and Greece, countries that produce together more than two thirds of the olive oil produced in the EU, the average olive oil price recorded on the market during the period specified in Article 4 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 of 20 August 2008 laying down common rules for the granting of private storage aid for certain agricultural products\u00a0(2), is below the level indicated in Article 33 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 and that fact causes a serious disturbance on the markets of these countries. Furthermore, a serious disturbance of the market is observed in Italy, France and Portugal as the expectation of falling prices leads traders to postpone all purchases that are not immediately required.\n(3) Article 31 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 provides that aid for private storage may be granted for olive oil and that the aid should be fixed by the Commission in advance or by means of a tendering procedure.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 has established common rules for the implementation of the private storage aid scheme. Pursuant to Article 6 of that Regulation, a tendering procedure is to be opened in accordance with the detailed rules and conditions provided for in its Article 9.\n(5) The global quantity up to which private storage aid can be granted should be set at a level which, according to market analysis, would contribute to the stabilisation of the market.\n(6) In order to facilitate the administrative and control work relating to the conclusion of contracts, the minimum quantity of product each tender must provide for should be fixed.\n(7) A security should be fixed in order to ensure that the operators fulfil their contractual obligations and that the measure will have its desired effect on the market.\n(8) In the light of the evolution of the market situation in the current marketing year and the forecasts for the following marketing year, the Commission should have the possibility to decide to shorten the term of contracts which are being performed and adjust the level of aid accordingly. That possibility has to be included in the contract, as provided for by Article 21 of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008.\n(9) Pursuant to Article 12(3) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008, the time period of notification of all valid tenders by Member States to the Commission is to be fixed.\n(10) The Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets has not delivered an opinion within the time limit set by its Chair,\nSubject matter\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A tendering procedure is hereby opened in order to determine the level of aid for private storage referred to in Article 31(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 for olive oil categories listed in the Annex to this Regulation and defined in point 1 of Annex XVI to Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The global quantity up to which aid for private storage can be granted shall be 110\u00a0000 tonnes.\nApplicable rules\nRegulation (EC) No 826/2008 shall apply save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation.\nSubmission of tenders\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The sub-period during which tenders may be submitted in response to the first partial invitation to tender shall begin on 1 July 2009 and shall end on 6 July 2009 at 11:00 Brussels time.\nThe sub-period during which tenders may be submitted in response to the second partial invitation to tender shall begin on the first working day following the end of the preceding sub-period and shall end on 16 July 2009 at 11:00 Brussels time.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders shall relate to a storage period of 180 days.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Each tender shall cover a minimum quantity of at least 50 tonnes.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where an operator takes part in a tendering procedure for more than one category of oil or for vats located at different addresses, it shall submit a separate tender in each case.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders may be lodged only in Spain, Italy, Greece, France and Portugal.\nSecurities\nTenderers shall establish a security of EUR\u00a050 per tonne of olive oil covered by a tender.\nShortening the term of contracts\nThe Commission may, on the basis of developments on the market in olive oil and the outlook for the future, decide, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 195(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007, to shorten the term of contracts which are being performed and adjust the amount of the aid accordingly. The contract with the successful tenderer shall include reference to this option.\nNotification of the tenders to the Commission\nIn accordance with Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 all valid tenders shall be notified separately by Member States to the Commission, within 24 hours from the end of each tendering sub-period as referred to in Article 3(1) of this Regulation.\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["private stock", "Portugal", "Italy", "economic recession", "France", "aid to agriculture", "olive oil", "award of contract", "agricultural product"], "distractor groups": ["extraordinary budget", "International Anti-Corruption Academy", "hairdressing and beauty care", "open access publishing", "cultural cooperation", "share"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 2228/2003 of 22 December 2003 terminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of urea originating in Russia\nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 2228/2003\nof 22 December 2003\nterminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of urea originating in Russia\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community(1) (the basic Regulation), and in particular Article 11(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n1. Measures in force\n(1) On 10 May 2001, the Council, pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 901/2001(2), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of urea originating in Russia. The duty took the form of a variable duty on the basis of a minimum import price (MIP).\n2. Initiation\n(2) On 13 June 2002, the Commission announced by a notice(3) published in the Official Journal of the European Union (notice of initiation) the initiation of a partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports into the Community of urea originating in Russia, pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation.\n(3) The review was initiated on the initiative of the Commission in order to examine the appropriateness of the form of the measures in force, currently an MIP, as it does not differentiate between sales made to related parties and sales made to unrelated parties, or between first sales and successive sales to the Community and it had become apparent that this could lead to enforcement problems. Consequently, the existing measures did not appear sufficient to counteract the dumping which is causing injury.\n3. Investigation\n(4) The Commission officially advised the importers, the users known to be concerned and their associations, the representatives of the exporting country concerned and the Community producers about the initiation of the proceeding. Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set out in the notice of initiation.\n(5) An association of Community producers, an association of importers, two associations of users, one user and a company representing 10 Italian importers, traders and users made their views known in writing. All parties which so requested within the time limit, and which demonstrated that there were particular reasons why they should be heard, were granted the opportunity to be heard.\n(6) The Commission sought and verified all the information it deemed necessary for the purpose of determining the appropriateness of the measures in force.\nB. FINDINGS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n(7) The initiation of an interim review was motivated by the necessity of limiting the risk of duty avoidance. Such duty avoidance can occur in different circumstances. When exporters, currently subject to the measures imposing an MIP, export to the Community, they could be in a position to invoice at a price above the MIP, and subsequently to compensate such a price after customs declaration by an agreement with the importers. This may render the MIP ineffective, as it would mean that the product concerned is effectively still exported below the MIP to the Community. Accordingly, this could lead to subsequent resale prices in the Community which prevent the intended effects of the measure, i.e. to remove the injurious effects of dumping, from being achieved. The substantial risk of price manipulation when duties take the form of an MIP was highlighted by the findings of the European Court of Auditors in its 2000 Annual Report(4). In order to address this problem, it was envisaged to replace the MIP by an ad valorem duty.\n(8) Although an ad valorem duty is, in general, considered to be more appropriate to avoid the risk of price manipulation, it was found that in the specific circumstances of the current case the risk of price manipulation is very low since, over a sustained period of time, import prices in general have actually been above the MIP. Therefore, exporters would not have any reason to manipulate prices in the way set out in recital 7 in order to stay competitive. This was also confirmed by the comments made by interested parties which, with the exception of the association of Community producers, considered that the form of the measure should not be changed.\n(9) The association of Community producers considered that a specific duty would have been more appropriate to avoid the risk of price manipulation. It also considered that an ad valorem duty would be more effective than an MIP. It was, however, established that in the specific circumstances of the current case the risk of price manipulation is very low. Nevertheless, should the situation of the urea market change and evidence is provided to the Commission that this change increases the risk of price manipulation, appropriate action may be taken. Meanwhile, the Commission will pay particular attention to the import prices of urea originating in Russia and the attention of the customs authorities is drawn to this issue.\n(10) It is therefore concluded that, due to the particular and very specific circumstances of the present case, there are currently no reasons to change the form of the measure concerning imports of urea originating in Russia and the current partial interim review should be terminated without any amendment to the anti-dumping measures imposed by Regulation (EC) No 901/2001,\nThe partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of urea originating in Russia, initiated pursuant to Article 11(3) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96, is hereby terminated without amending the anti-dumping duty in force.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import", "chemical fertiliser", "originating product", "Russia", "anti-dumping measure"], "distractor groups": ["Berlin", "semantic web", "transport under customs control", "right to development", "midwife", "production planning", "agriculture-trade relationship", "teaching", "European Joint Undertaking", "mass communications"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0615/2008 of 23\u00a0June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01405/2006 laying down specific measures for agriculture in favour of the smaller Aegean islands and amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01782/2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers\n28.6.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 168/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 615/2008\nof 23 June 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 laying down specific measures for agriculture in favour of the smaller Aegean islands and amending Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 37 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 1 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006\u00a0(2) lays down the scope of application of the Regulation and gives the definition of the smaller islands. Experience from the application of that Regulation shows that the scope of the Regulation should be adapted.\n(2) Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 introduces specific supply arrangements aiming at easing the problems deriving from the particular geographical situation of some of the Aegean islands imposing additional transport costs in supplying products which are essential for human consumption, for processing or as agricultural inputs. These essential products are included in Annex I to the Treaty. Therefore, Article 3 should be amended in order to include reference to the Annex I in question, thus limiting the scope of the Article to these products only.\n(3) Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 provides for the procedure for adoption of detailed rules for the application of Chapter II of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006. As a similar provision is laid down in Article 14 of the said Regulation concerning the implementation of the Regulation in its entirety, Article 6 should therefore be deleted.\n(4) Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 introduces measures to assist local agricultural products in general, thus having a wider scope than Article 3. Therefore, Article 7 should be amended to include a reference to Title II of Part Three of the Treaty, thus covering products of the soil, of stock farming and of fisheries and products of first-stage processing directly related to these products.\n(5) Article 9(e) of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 refers, among other issues to be included in the support programme, to provisions for checks and administrative penalties. However, national provisions on checks and administrative penalties cannot be the subject of approval in the framework of the Community support programme for the smaller Aegean islands. These national measures may only be communicated to the Commission in accordance with Article 16 of that Regulation. Therefore, Article 9(e) should be amended in order to exclude any provisions for checks and administrative penalties to be included in the programme submitted by the competent authorities of Greece.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) Most of the measures referred to in Chapter III of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 constitute direct payments and should as such be referenced in Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003\u00a0(3). Due to an error, the entry for the Aegean Islands was incorrectly deleted from Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 by Article 20(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006. Annex I should therefore be corrected with effect from the date of application of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006,\nRegulation (EC) No 1405/2006 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1(1) shall be replaced by the following:\n2. Article 3(1) shall be replaced by the following:\n3. Article 6 shall be deleted;\n4. Article 7(1) shall be replaced by the following:\n5. Article 9(e) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018(e) the steps taken to ensure the support programme is implemented effectively and appropriately, including the arrangements for publicity, monitoring and evaluation;\u2019.\nIn Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 the following entry shall be inserted after POSEI:\n\u2018Aegean Islands Chapter III of Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006\u00a0(4) Direct payments within the meaning of Article 2 of this Regulation, under measures established in the programmes\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nHowever, Article 2 shall apply with effect from 1 January 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["aid to agriculture", "Aegean Sea", "aid system", "agricultural product", "support policy", "production aid", "less-favoured agricultural area", "island region"], "distractor groups": ["nuclear technology", "transport staff", "International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology", "field research", "European judicial area", "absolute majority", "North East (England)"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/52/EC: Commission Decision of 9 January 2004 amending Decisions 90/14/EEC, 91/270/EEC, 92/471/EEC, 94/63/EC, 94/577/EC and 2002/613/EC as regards import conditions of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species, ova and embryos of domestic animals of the bovine and the porcine species, and semen of domestic animals of the porcine species and repealing Decision 93/693/EC (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2003) 5401)\nCommission Decision\nof 9 January 2004\namending Decisions 90/14/EEC, 91/270/EEC, 92/471/EEC, 94/63/EC, 94/577/EC and 2002/613/EC as regards import conditions of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species, ova and embryos of domestic animals of the bovine and the porcine species, and semen of domestic animals of the porcine species and repealing Decision 93/693/EC\n(notified under document number C(2003) 5401)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2004/52/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 88/407/EEC of 14 June 1988 laying down the animal health requirements applicable to intra-Community trade in and imports of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species(1), and in particular Article 8 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 89/556/EEC of 25 September 1989 on animal health conditions governing intra-Community trade in and importation from third countries of embryos of domestic animals of the bovine species(2), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 90/429/EEC of 26 June 1990 laying down the animal health requirements applicable to intra-Community trade in and imports of semen of domestic animals of the porcine species(3), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 92/65/EEC of 13 July 1992 laying down the animal health requirements governing trade in and imports into the Community of animals, semen, ova and embryos not subject to animal health requirements laid down in specific Community rules referred to in Annex A (I) to Directive 90/425/EEC(4), and in particular Article 17(3)(a) thereof.\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 90/14/EEC of 20 December 1989(5) establishes a list of third countries from which Member States may authorise the importation of deep-frozen semen of domestic animals of the bovine species.\n(2) Commission Decision 91/270/EEC of 14 May 1991(6) establishes a list of third countries from which Member States may authorise the importation of embryos of domestic animals of the bovine species.\n(3) Commission Decision 92/452/EEC of 30 July 1992(7) establishes lists of embryo collection teams approved in third countries for export of bovine embryos to the Community.\n(4) Commission Decision 92/471/EEC of 2 September 1992(8) establishes animal health conditions and veterinary certification for importation of bovine embryos from third countries.\n(5) Commission Decision 93/693/EC of 14 December 1993(9) establishes a list of semen collection centres approved for the export to the Community of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species from third countries.\n(6) Commission Decision 94/63/EC of 31 January 1994(10) establishes a provisional list of third countries from which Member States may authorize imports of semen, ova and embryos of the ovine, caprine and equine species, ova and embryos of the porcine species.\n(7) Commission Decision 94/577/EC of 15 July 1994(11) establishes animal health conditions and veterinary certification for importation of bovine semen from third countries.\n(8) Commission Decision 2002/613/EC of 19 July 2002(12) lays down the importation conditions of semen of domestic animals of the porcine species.\n(9) Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia and Malta should be added to the list of third countries from which imports of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species are authorised under Decision 90/14/EEC in the light of the situation achieved with regard to animal health in those countries.\n(10) Therefore, Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Malta and Slovenia should be added to the list of third countries from which imports of bovine semen are authorised under conditions set out in Decision 94/577/EC.\n(11) Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Malta and Slovenia should be added to the list of third countries from which imports of embryos of domestic animals of the bovine are authorised under Decision 91/270/EEC in the light of the situation achieved with regard to animal health in those countries.\n(12) Therefore Cyprus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Malta and Slovenia should be added to the list of third countries from which imports of bovine embryos are authorised under conditions set out in Decision 92/471/EEC.\n(13) The Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Malta, Poland and Slovakia should be added to the list of third countries from which imports of semen of domestic animals of the porcine species are authorised under Decision 2002/613/EC in the light of the situation achieved with regard to animal health in those countries.\n(14) Decisions 90/14/EEC, 91/270/EEC, 92/452/EEC, 92/471/EEC, 94/63/EC, 94/577/EC and 2002/613/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(15) Since Directive 2003/43/EC entered into force, the lists of semen collection and storage centres from which Member States shall authorise the importation of semen of domestic animals of the bovine species originating in third countries are prepared and updated in accordance with Article 9(1) of Directive 88/407/EEC and are made available to the public at the Commission's web-site. Consequently, the lists of approved collection centres included in Decision 93/693/EC are outdated and therefore obsolete.\n(16) Decision 93/693/EC should be therefore repealed accordingly.\n(17) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe Annex to Decision 90/14/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Decision.\nThe Annex to Decision 91/270/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Decision.\nThe entries for Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia in the Annex to Decision 92/452/EEC are deleted on the date these acceding States become Member States of the Community.\nPart II of Annex A to Decision 92/471/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex III to this Decision.\nDecision 93/693/EC is repealed.\nPart III of the Annex to Decision 94/63/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex IV to this Decision.\nPart II of Annex A to Decision 94/577/EC is amended in accordance with Annex V to this Decision.\n1. Annexes I, II, III and IV to Decision 2002/613/EC are amended in accordance with the text in Annex VI to this Decision.\n2. The entries for Cyprus, Hungary and Slovenia in Annex V to Decision 2002/613/EC are deleted on the date these acceding States become Member States of the Community.\nThis Decision shall apply from 19 January 2004.\n0\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["cattle", "animal breeding", "veterinary inspection", "import", "swine"], "distractor groups": ["tied sales outlet", "project evaluation", "food-borne disease", "Catholicism", "Ruse region", "unskilled worker", "industrial statistics", "medium-sized business", "division into constituencies", "Covasna"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/865/EC: Commission Decision of 11 December 2003 setting out the arrangements for Community comparative trials and tests on propagating material of Pelargonium l'H\u00e9rit. and Hosta Tratt., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch and Rosa L. under Council Directive 98/56/EC (notified under document number C(2003) 4626)\nCommission Decision\nof 11 December 2003\nsetting out the arrangements for Community comparative trials and tests on propagating material of Pelargonium l'H\u0102\u0160rit. and Hosta Tratt., Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch and Rosa L. under Council Directive 98/56/EC\n(notified under document number C(2003) 4626)\n(2003/865/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 98/56/EC of 20 July 1998 on the marketing of propagating material of ornamental plants(1), as last amended by Directive 2003/61/EC(2), and in particular Article 14(4), (5) and (6) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 98/56/EC provides for the necessary arrangements to be made by the Commission for Community comparative trials and tests of propagating material.\n(2) The technical arrangements for the carrying out of the trials and tests have been made within the Standing Committee for Propagating Material of Ornamental Plants.\n(3) A call for projects (2003/C 159/08)(3) was published for the carrying out of the above trials and tests.\n(4) The proposals have been assessed according to the selection and awarding criteria set out in the above call for projects. The projects, the bodies responsible for the carrying out of tests and trials and the eligible costs as well as the maximum Community financial contribution corresponding to 80 % of the eligible costs should be established.\n(5) Community comparative trials and tests should be carried out in the years 2004 and 2005 on propagating material harvested in 2003, and the details of such trials and tests, the eligible costs as well as the maximum Community financial contribution should also be set out yearly by an agreement signed by the authorising officer of the Commission and the body responsible for carrying out of trials.\n(6) For Community comparative trials and tests lasting more than one year, the parts of the trials and tests following the first year should be authorised by the Commission without further reference to the Standing Committee on Propagating Material of Ornamental Plants, on condition that the necessary appropriations are available.\n(7) Adequate representation of the samples included in the trials and tests should be ensured, at least for certain selected plants.\n(8) Member States should participate in the Community comparative trials and tests, in so far as propagating material of the plants concerned are usually reproduced or marketed in their territories, in order to ensure that proper conclusions may be drawn therefrom.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Propagating Material of Ornamental Plants,\nCommunity comparative trials and tests shall be carried out in the years 2004 and 2005 on propagating material of the plants listed in the Annex.\nThe eligible costs as well as the maximum Community financial contribution for the trials and tests for 2004 shall be as set out in the Annex.\nThe details of the trials and tests are set out in the Annex.\nIn so far as propagating and planting material of the plants listed in the Annex is usually reproduced or marketed in their territories, the Member States shall take samples of this material and make it available to the Commission.\nSubject to budgetary availability, the Commission may decide to continue the trials and tests set out in the Annex in 2005.\nThe maximum Community financial contribution corresponding to 80 % of the eligible costs of a trial or test continued on this basis shall not exceed the amount specified in the Annex.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["plant propagation", "EU aid", "comparative analysis", "testing"], "distractor groups": ["hunger strike", "tourism policy", "vision of Europe", "development aid", "Commission Delegation", "paternity leave", "Mashreq", "self-supply", "EU competition policy", "austerity policy", "public safety"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0768/2009 of 17\u00a0August 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01890/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof originating, inter alia , in Vietnam\n25.8.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 221/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 768/2009\nof 17 August 2009\namending Regulation (EC) No 1890/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof originating, inter alia, in Vietnam\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (the basic Regulation), and in particular Article 11(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Measures in force\n(1) By Regulation (EC) No 1890/2005 of 14 November 2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty and collecting definitively the provisional duty imposed on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam and terminating the proceeding on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof originating in Malaysia and the Philippines\u00a0(2), the Council imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof (SSF) originating, inter alia, in Vietnam. The Regulation will hereinafter be referred to as \u2018the original Regulation\u2019 and the investigation that led to the measures imposed by the original Regulation will be hereinafter referred to as \u2018the original investigation\u2019.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Request for a review\n(2) A request for a partial interim review (the present review) pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation was lodged by Header Plan Co. Ltd, a Vietnamese exporting producer of SSF (\u2018the applicant\u2019 or \u2018HPV\u2019). The request was limited in scope to dumping and to the applicant company.\n(3) The applicant provided prima facie evidence that the continued application of the measure at its current level was no longer necessary to offset dumping. In particular, the applicant provided prima facie evidence showing that it meets the criteria for market economy treatment (MET) and individual treatment (IT). Furthermore, in the absence of domestic sales, a comparison of its costs of production and export prices to the Community indicated that the dumping margin appeared to be substantially lower than the current level of the measure.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation\n(4) Having determined, after consulting the Advisory Committee, that the request contained sufficient prima facie evidence, the Commission announced on 13 August 2008 the initiation of a partial interim review pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation by a notice of initiation published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(3).\n(5) The review was limited in scope to the examination of dumping in respect of the applicant. The investigation of dumping covered the period from 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2008 (\u2018the review investigation period\u2019 or \u2018RIP\u2019).\n(6) The Commission officially informed the applicant, the representatives of the exporting country and the association of Community producers about the initiation of the review. Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set in the notice of initiation.\n(7) All interested parties, who so requested and showed that there were particular reasons why they should be heard, were granted a hearing.\n(8) In order to obtain the information deemed necessary for its investigation, the Commission sent an MET and IT claim form and a questionnaire to the applicant and received replies within the deadlines set for that purpose.\n(9) The Commission sought and verified all information deemed necessary for the determination of dumping. The Commission carried out verification visits at the premises of the applicant and its related company:\n\u2014 Header Plan Co. Ltd (Header Plan), Binh Hoa County, Vietnam,\n\u2014 Header Plan Inc., Taipei, Taiwan.\n(10) In view of the possible need to establish some elements (SG&A cost and profit rate) of the normal value as explained in recitals 22 to 25, verification visits to establish these rates on the basis of data from another country, in this case Taiwan, took place at the premises of the following companies:\n\u2014 Jin Shing Stainless Ind. Co. Ltd, Taoyuan,\n\u2014 Yi Tai Shen Co. Ltd, Tainan.\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PRODUCT CONCERNED AND LIKE PRODUCT\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned\n(11) The product concerned by the present review is the same as that in the original investigation, that is to say certain SSF (the product concerned). It is currently classifiable within CN codes 7318\u00a012\u00a010, 7318\u00a014\u00a010, 7318\u00a015\u00a030, 7318\u00a015\u00a051, 7318\u00a015\u00a061 and 7318\u00a015\u00a070. There are many types of SSF (the most common ones are bolts and screws), each one being defined by its specific physical and technical characteristics and by the grade of stainless steel from which it is made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Like product\n(12) The investigation revealed that the applicant did not sell the product concerned on the Vietnamese domestic market. It also showed that SSF produced and sold on the Taiwanese domestic market and those exported to the Community from Vietnam have the same physical, chemical and technical characteristics and uses. It is therefore concluded that all are like products within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation. Since the present review was limited to the determination of dumping as far as the applicant is concerned, no conclusions were reached with regard to the product produced and sold by the Community industry on the Community market.\nC.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Market economy treatment (MET)\n(13) In anti-dumping investigations concerning imports originating in Vietnam, normal value shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 6 of Article 2 of the basic Regulation for those producers which were found to meet the criteria laid down in Article 2(7)(c) thereof.\n(14) Briefly, and for ease of reference only, the criteria in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation, fulfilment of which the applicant companies have to demonstrate, are set out in summarised form below:\n\u2014 business decisions and costs are made in response to market conditions, and without significant State interference,\n\u2014 accounting records are independently audited in line with international accounting standards and applied for all purposes,\n\u2014 there are no significant distortions carried over from the former non-market economy system,\n\u2014 legal certainty and stability are provided by bankruptcy and property laws,\n\u2014 currency exchanges are carried out at the market rate.\n(15) The applicant requested MET pursuant to Article 2(7)(b) of the basic Regulation and submitted a claim form for exporting producers. The Commission sought and verified at the premises of the applicant all information submitted in the company\u2019s request and deemed necessary.\n(16) The present investigation revealed that the situation of the applicant changed since the original investigation. It was found that the applicant now meets all five MET criteria. In particular, the reasons why MET was denied in the original investigation were found to be no longer applicable and no other circumstances were found which could lead to a rejection of the MET claim. Therefore, after consulting the Advisory Committee, the applicant was granted MET.\n(17) Both the applicant and the Community industry were given an opportunity to comment on the above findings.\n(18) The Community industry objected to the above findings by claiming that there would be a risk of circumvention by channelling exports from Taiwan via Vietnam.\n(19) It should first be noted that there is no link between granting MET to the applicant and any potential circumvention from Taiwan, since this may even be possible in case no MET is granted to the applicant. Secondly, the Community industry did not come forward with any underlying evidence supporting the allegations made. Finally, it is underlined that the Community industry did not object to the above findings, that is to say that the applicant fulfilled the criteria listed in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation, which are the only relevant criteria to assess whether the company fulfilled the conditions to be granted MET. The claims of the Community industry had therefore to be rejected.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dumping\n2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Normal value\n(20) The applicant had no domestic sales in Vietnam of the product concerned. Whenever domestic prices cannot be used in order to establish normal value, another method has to be applied. In accordance with Article 2(3) of the basic Regulation the Commission instead calculated a constructed normal value, as follows.\n(21) Normal value was constructed by adding to the applicant\u2019s manufacturing costs a reasonable amount for selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) and a reasonable margin of profit.\n(22) Since the applicant had no domestic sales of the product concerned or of the same general category of product, and because the investigation was limited to one company, SG&A costs and profits could not be established pursuant to the methods set out in Article 2(6)(a) and Article 2(6)(b) of the basic Regulation. Instead, another reasonable method had to be found based on Article 2(6)(c) of the basic Regulation.\n(23) In the event that the applicant would be granted MET, it was foreseen in point 5(d) of the notice of initiation, to also use findings concerning the normal value established in an appropriate market economy country, e.g. for the purpose of replacing any unreliable cost or price elements in Vietnam which are needed in establishing the normal value, if reliable required data are not available in Vietnam. It was found reasonable to use the SG&A costs and profit rates of exporting producers of the like product in another country, in this case Taiwan, according to Article 2(6)(c) of the basic Regulation.\n(24) The domestic sales of the Taiwanese producers were found to have been made in the ordinary course of trade. Consequently, the SG&A costs and profit rates were calculated on their proportion to the total turnover for each product type.\n(25) The weighted average SG&A costs and profit rate of the Taiwanese companies were added to the manufacturing cost of the applicant to establish the constructed normal value.\n2.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Export price\n(26) All sales of the products concerned to the Community during the investigation period were made by a related company in Taiwan. Export prices were established in accordance with Article 2(9) of the basic Regulation, that is to say using the prices actually paid or payable to the related company by the first independent buyer in the Community in the RIP.\n2.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Comparison\n(27) The comparison between normal value and export price was made on an ex-factory basis.\n(28) For the purpose of ensuring a fair comparison between the normal value and the export price, due allowance in the form of adjustments was made for differences affecting price and price comparability in accordance with Article 2(10) of the basic Regulation. Accordingly, adjustments were made for differences in transport, packing, credit cost, bank charges, commissions, rebates and insurance where applicable and supported by verified evidence. Appropriate adjustments were granted in all cases where they were found to be reasonable, accurate and supported by verified evidence.\n2.4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dumping margin\n(29) The dumping margin was established on the basis of a comparison of a weighted average normal value with a weighted average export price, in accordance with Article 2(11) of the basic Regulation.\n(30) The comparison as described above showed the existence of no dumping.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lasting nature of the circumstances prevailing during the RIP\n(31) In accordance with Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation, it was examined whether the circumstances on the basis of which the current dumping margin was based have changed and whether such change was of a lasting nature.\n(32) Firstly, it should be noted that the applicant was able to prove that it should be granted MET, and was therefore eligible for its own individual dumping margin. There was no indication that this situation would change in the foreseeable future.\n(33) The price of the product concerned charged to the Community and to third countries did not differ significantly and followed the same trend between 2005 and the IP.\n(34) The investigation showed that the behaviour of the applicant, including the circumstances that led to the initiation of the present review, were unlikely to change in the foreseeable future in a manner that would affect the findings of the present review. This would therefore suggest that the changes concerned were of a lasting nature and therefore the conclusions of the review were long-lasting.\nD.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AMENDMENT OF THE MEASURES\n(35) In view of the findings of no dumping as well as the lasting nature of the changed circumstances, it is considered that the continued imposition of the measure on imports from the applicant is not necessary to offset dumping. The measures imposed by Regulation (EC) No 1890/2005 on imports of certain SSF originating in Vietnam should therefore be repealed for HPV by amending that Regulation accordingly.\n(36) The applicant as well as the other parties concerned were informed of the facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to propose the repeal of the measures. No comments were received which would warrant a change in the above conclusions,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The part of the table in Article 1(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1890/2005 concerning the definitive anti-dumping duty applicable on imports of certain stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof originating in Vietnam shall be replaced by the following:\nCountry Exporting producer Rate of duty TARIC additional code\n\u2018Vietnam Header Plan Co. Ltd 0 A958\nAll other companies 7,7 A999\u2019\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Unless otherwise specified, the provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["anti-dumping duty", "anti-dumping legislation", "steel", "manufactured goods", "spare part", "metal product", "Vietnam", "import policy"], "distractor groups": ["migration for settlement purposes", "comparative education", "Romania", "voluntary work", "EU action", "technology park", "Arctic Ocean"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "95/403/CFSP: Council Decision of 25 September 1995 supplementing Decision 94/276/CFSP on a joint action adopted by the Council on the basis of Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union, in support of the Middle East peace process, concerning the observation of elections to the Palestinian Council and the coordination of the international operation for observing the elections\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 25 September 1995\nsupplementing Decision 94/276/CFSP on a joint action adopted by the Council on the basis of Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union, in support of the Middle East peace process, concerning the observation of elections to the Palestinian Council and the coordination of the international operation for observing the elections\n(95/403/CFSP)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Articles J.3 and J.11 (2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 94/276/CFSP of 19 April 1994 on a joint action adopted by the Council on the basis of Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union, in support of the Middle East peace process (1),\nHaving regard to Council Decision 95/205/CFSP of 1 June 1995 supplementing Decision 94/267/CFSP (2),\nThe European Union shall participate in observing the elections to the Palestinian Council provided for in the Declaration of Principles of 13 September 1993, in accordance with the agreement to be concluded between the parties concerned on the observation and coordination of elections. The European Union shall organize the coordination of the observation in accordance with international rules. It shall be responsible for the financing of this task in accordance with Article 3 of this Decision.\nThe European Union shall carry out this coordination and observation by two means:\n1. it shall take the appropriate measures to organize the coordination with the States and international organizations concerned;\n2. it shall establish a 'European Electoral Unit' in the territories concerned, headed by a high-ranking figure with a high political profile. The characteristics of this 'European Electoral Unit' are set out in Annex I.\nThe European observation mission shall comprise a maximum of 300 observers, 30 of whom shall be designated by the European Parliament.\nAll the expenditure incurred for the operation of the European Electoral Unit shall be charged to the maximum amount of ECU 10 million set in Decision 95/205/CFSP.\nThe expenses incurred by the participation of European Union observers shall also be charged to that amount, with the exception of the cost of their journeys to and from the territories concerned and insurance costs which shall be borne respectively by the Member States or institutions which designated them.\nThe expenditure shall be administered in accordance with the Community's budgetary rules and procedures. The European Court of Auditors shall be invited to audit the accounts of the European Electoral Unit.\nThe guarantees necessary for the completion and smooth functioning of the mission of the observers and of the members of the European Electoral Unit shall be defined with the parties.\nThe Member States and the Commission shall present the list of observers and the candidatures of the persons wishing to participate in the European Electoral Unit.\nThe Presidency, in full association with the Commission and with the assistance of an advisory coordination group, composed of representatives of the Member States, shall draw up the list of observers and of members of the European Electoral Unit.\nThe Presidency, in full association with the Commission and assisted by the advisory group referred to in the second paragraph of Article 4, shall define the guidelines and take the measures required to ensure that this Decision is followed up, in liaison with the European Electoral Unit, in those areas which concern it.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal", "answer groups": ["European Union", "international affairs", "organisation of elections", "Palestine question", "EU aid", "diplomatic representation"], "distractor groups": ["cemetery", "refugee", "slaughter premium", "standard of living", "restrictive-practice notification", "Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d'Azur", "financial services", "pet food", "Southern African Customs Union"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 30 January 1997 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into Spain of certain Portland cement originating in Romania, Tunisia and Turkey\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 30 January 1997 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into Spain of certain Portland cement originating in Romania, Tunisia and Turkey (97/169/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (2), hereinafter referred to as the 'Basic Regulation`, and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) In January 1992, the Commission received a complaint lodged by Oficemen, the national organization of Spanish cement producers acting on behalf of all Spanish producers of Portland cement.\n(2) The complaint contained prima facie evidence of dumping on a regional basis and of injury resulting therefrom. The evidence presented was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding in order to establish whether the facts alleged existed and justified any action being taken. The Commission accordingly announced, by a notice in the Official Journal of the European Communities (3), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into Spain of certain Portland cement originating in Turkey, Romania and Tunisia, and began an investigation. The product concerned is Portland cement, other than white, whether or not artificially coloured, in bulk or in bags, falling within CN code 2523 29 00.\n(3) The Commission officially advised the producers, exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting countries, and the complainants, and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing.\n(4) The Governments of Turkey and Tunisia, and the producers and exporters in the countries concerned made their views known in writing. All parties who so requested were granted a hearing.\n(5) The investigation period was set as 1 April 1991 to 31 March 1992.\n(6) The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of its determination of dumping and injury and carried out investigations at the premises of the following Spanish producers:\n- Asland Cataluna y del Mediterranneo, Barcelona,\n- Asland, SA, Madrid,\n- Cementos Atlantico, SA, Madrid,\n- Cementos Molins, SA, Barcelona,\n- Compania Valenciana de Cementos Portland, SA, Valencia,\n- Portland Iberia, SA, Madrid,\n- Sociedad Financiera y Minera, SA, Madrid,\n- Uniland Cementera, SA, Barcelona.\n(7) On the basis of the results of such investigation, the Commission, after consulting the Anti-dumping Committee, concluded that the proceeding should be terminated without measures because no material injury nor threat thereof was found to have been caused to the Spanish industry by the imports concerned.\n(8) The Commission, given the objections within the Advisory Committee, submitted, on 10 February 1994, in accordance with Article 9 of the Basic Regulation, a report to the Council together with a proposal that the proceeding be terminated without measures.\nThe Council, on 7 March 1994, decided not to terminate the proceeding.\n(9) The Commission, following the Council's decision, re-examined the results of its investigation in the light of both information provided by the Spanish industry and verified during the investigation, and further representations from the complainants. In this respect, the scope of this re-examination was limited by the fact that it could only look at data from the investigation period and the information relating to a subsequent period can therefore not be taken into account.\n(10) This re-examination led the Commission to maintain the proposal made to the Council in 1994.\nB. LIKE PRODUCT\n(11) The investigation showed that the various types of Portland cement sold on the domestic markets of the countries concerned were alike to those exported to Spain. Similarly, the various types of Portland cement manufactured in Spain and those exported to Spain from the three countries in question were alike in their essential physical characteristics and end uses. Therefore, the Commission concluded that, for the purposes of this proceeding, all types of Portland cement should be considered as a like product, in accordance with Article 2 (12) of the Basic Regulation.\nC. REGIONALITY\n(12) The Commission established that 94 % of total production of the product in question by the Spanish industry was sold on the Spanish market and that total demand in Spain, as defined by apparent consumption of the cement concerned, was not to any substantial degree supplied by producers elsewhere in the Community. The share of their domestic market held by sales of the Spanish industry in the investigation period was close to 89 %, while imports from other Community Member States represented 2 %. Furthermore, 89 % of total Community imports from the countries subject to this proceeding were imported into Spain.\nThe Spanish industry could, therefore, be considered as constituting the Community industry within the terms of Article 4 (5) of the Basic Regulation.\nD. DUMPING\n(13) From the data available, there were indications that the like product imported from the three countries in question had been sold on the Spanish market at prices which, in some instances, represented a substantial element of dumping. This aspect was not pursued, however, given the findings on injury below.\nE. INJURY\n1. Consumption, volume and market share of imports from the countries concerned.\n(14) The Spanish market, as defined by apparent consumption went from 26 million tonnes in 1989 to 28 million in the investigation period. Imports from the countries concerned grew from 857 000 tonnes in 1989 to 2 388 000 in the investigation period. As a result of this, the market share taken by Turkey, Romania and Tunisia went from 3,28 % in 1989 to 8,54 % in the investigation period.\n2. Impact of the imports concerned on the Spanish industry.\n(15) With regard to the possible impact of the imports concerned on the situation of the Spanish industry, the Commission took account of the following facts:\n(a) Spanish production was stable at around 27 million tonnes annually over the period examined.\n(b) Capacity installed stood at an estimated 39 million tonnes in 1989, 1990 and 1991, and grew by around 5 % to 41 million tonnes in the investigation period. Capacity utilization was stable at 69 % between 1989 and 1991, but fell to 66 % in the investigation period. This fall in the capacity utilization rate was due only to the increase in capacity installed. In this context, the Commission notes that, relative to total demand in Spain, a large over-capacity, averaging 32 %, existed in the Spanish industry throughout the period examined.\n(c) Total sales volumes of the Spanish industry remained stable at around 25 million tonnes throughout the period in question. Given the moderate rise in consumption, the market share of the industry, however, fell from 96 % in 1989 to 89 % in the investigation period. Despite this fall, the market share of the Spanish industry remained consistently high.\n(d) The selling prices to unrelated customers of the Spanish producers investigated, on an index basis, rose from 100 in 1989 to 103 in 1990, and then fell to 97 in 1991 and 94 in the investigation period.\n(e) The companies investigated saw profitability on sales to unrelated clients decline, on average, from 36 % in 1989, to 32 % in 1990, 21 % in 1991, and to 18 % in the investigation period.\n(f) Employment by the producers investigated fell continuously over the period as a whole, moving, on an index basis from 100 in 1989, to 98 in 1990, 94 in 1991, and 92 in the investigation period.\n(g) The Commission looked also into the possible injury caused by the imports concerned on a subregional basis, taking into account the different geographical locations of the Spanish producers. The Commission's examination of injury factors showed that only the situation of the producers based on the Mediterranean coastal zone, which represents 52 % of the total complainant industry's output, clearly deteriorated in contrast to that of producers located further inland. In fact, in terms of sales volume, between 1989 and the investigation period, coastal volumes fell by 10 % while inland increased by 3 %, and, in terms of turnover, coastal figure fell by 9 % while inland increased slightly by 1 %. Finally, with regard to the coastal industry, its profitability fell since 1989 by 4 percentage points more than for the inland industry. Despite this decrease, the profitability for the coastal industry remained at a level of 18 % during the investigation period.\nF. CONCLUSIONS ON INJURY\n(16) Although the situation of the Spanish industry deteriorated to some extent over the period considered, notably with regard to producers located on the Mediterranean coastal zone, such situation has to be assessed in relation to the Spanish producers generally, in order to determine whether these developments constitute material injury. In doing so, the Commission paid particular attention to the following factors:\n(a) Production and sales volumes were stable. Although the increase in consumption appeared to have benefited dumped imports and not domestic production, the Spanish industry nevertheless still retained a market share of 89 %.\n(b) The Commission's examination of price undercutting showed that, although undercutting did exist, its effects could not be considered significant, in the light of, on the one hand, the respective market shares held by domestic producers and by imports from the three countries concerned and, on the other hand, the impact of these imports, which was limited geographically to the coastal industry.\n(c) The large overcapacity and the consequent restructuring of the domestic industry played an important role in explaining the increase in costs of production and, therefore, the fall in profits. In this regard, Spanish producers did experience a reduction in their return on sales, which was however, still 18 % on average during the investigation period for the whole industry.\nAlternative profit indicators, such as return on investment, as suggested by the Spanish industry, have been examined. On the basis of the data provided by the complainant and verified to a satisfactory extent in the course of the investigation, it was found that, after taking into account inflationary cost pressures and eliminating the excess of capacity, the return on investment ratio established for the investigation period amounted to 7 % and was thus considered adequate for the replacement of productive assets by the industry.\n(d) Employment in the complainant industry fell by 8 % between 1989 and the investigation period. However, this fall was due, to a great extent, to the restructuring of the production process.\nOn the basis of the above factors, it cannot be concluded that the Spanish industry has suffered material injury. This conclusion can be explained by the fact that the present proceeding refers to a regional market, as pointed out in recital (11) above. In such cases, Article 4 (5) of the Basic Regulation requires that injury is caused to the producers of all or almost all of the production within the regional market concerned. In the present proceeding, however, the Commission's examination of the individual producers investigated, on both inland and coastal areas, did not lead to the conclusion that this requirement was met.\nG. THREAT OF INJURY\n(17) The Commission considers that, although the complainant also alleged that a threat of material injury existed, no substantial evidence of such threat was presented by the complainant when the complaint was submitted, nor found in the course of the investigation.\nH. TERMINATION OF THE PROCEEDING\n(18) In the absence of injury or threat thereof to the producers of all or almost all of the production within the regional market under consideration, a determination of material injury with regard to the Community industry concerned by the present proceeding cannot be made.\nIn these circumstances, it is concluded that the introduction of protective measures appears to be unnecessary and the anti-dumping proceeding should be terminated,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into Spain of certain Portland cement originating in Turkey, Romania and Tunisia is hereby terminated", "answer groups": ["import", "cement", "Spain", "anti-dumping legislation", "third country", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["administrative control", "Pakistan", "building slab", "radioactive materials", "Hong Kong", "non-flat product", "suburban area", "terrestrial ecosystem", "indirect election"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0738/2010 of 16\u00a0August 2010 laying down detailed rules on payments to German producer organisations in the hops sector\n17.8.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 216/11\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 738/2010\nof 16 August 2010\nlaying down detailed rules on payments to German producer organisations in the hops sector\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1) and in particular Article 102a(3), in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 102a(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as amended by Council Regulation (EC) No 72/2009\u00a0(2) provides for an annual payment to recognised German producer organisations in the hops sector. The amounts received by producer organisations should be used to finance measures adopted in order to achieve the aims referred to in Article 122(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\n(2) So as to ensure the orderly management of the payments, Germany should adopt rules on the submission of applications by producer organisations, including deadlines, and ensure that all applications contain the information that is needed in order to allow the German competent authority to verify whether producer organisations are entitled to payments.\n(3) In order to ensure that payments are made in a fair manner, the amounts to be paid to producer organisations should be calculated on a pro rata basis, linked to the eligible hops areas of their members.\n(4) In order to ensure the efficient use of financial resources, payments made by the competent German payment agency should be committed within a reasonable period of time.\n(5) In order to protect the financial interests of the European Union, no payments should be made before checks in respect of the eligibility criteria have been made. These control measures should involve administrative checking supplemented by on-the-spot controls. Amounts unduly paid should be recovered and sanctions should be determined in order to deter applicants from fraudulent behaviour and serious negligence.\n(6) Article 63(1) of Council Regulation (EC) No 73/2009\u00a0(3) which has established common rules for direct support schemes for farmers under the common agricultural policy as well as certain support schemes for farmers has integrated the partially coupled payments in the hops sector into the single payments scheme from 1 January 2010. In order to ensure the continuity of payments, the first payment of the Union aid pursuant to Article 102a of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 and this Regulation should be made by 30 April 2011 at the latest.\n(7) In order to facilitate the execution of the first payment, it is appropriate to allow the German competent authority to proceed, in the year preceding that payment, with the identification of the potential beneficiaries and the potentially eligible hop areas.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets,\nScope and use of terms\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Regulation lays down detailed rules for the implementation of Article 102a of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 as regards the payment to producer organisations in the hops sector in Germany referred to in that Article.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Terms used in this Regulation shall have the same meaning as when used in Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007, unless this Regulation provides otherwise.\nApplications for aid\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The producer organisation seeking to benefit from the payment referred to in Article 102a of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 shall submit an application to the German competent authority each year, by a date to be fixed by Germany and which shall not be later than 30 September.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0When fixing the date referred to in paragraph 1, Germany shall take into account the period of time that is required to ensure the proper administrative and financial management of the payment, including the requirement to carry out effective checks.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Applications shall be accompanied by supporting documents showing:\n(a) the identity and proof of recognition of the producer organisation;\n(b) the total of the eligible areas referred to in Article 3;\n(c) the details permitting identification of the members of the producer organisation and the eligible areas they cultivate;\n(d) the measures implemented, completed or ongoing and the corresponding expenditure incurred or committed during the calendar year of the aid application with a view to achieving the aims referred to in Article 122(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\nAid entitlement\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The amounts paid to the producer organisations in the hops sector shall be committed in order to finance measures to achieve the aims referred to in Article 122 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The amount to be paid to each producer organisation shall be calculated pro rata based on the eligible hop areas of its members as specified in paragraphs 3 to 6.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Eligible hop areas are hop areas in Germany which are entirely planted and which have already undergone normal tending operations in accordance with local standards, at the moment of submission of the application referred to in Article 2.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The areas referred to in paragraph 2 shall be planted at a uniform density of at least 1\u00a0500 plants per hectare in the case of double stringing/wiring, or at least 2\u00a0000 plants per hectare in the case of single stringing/wiring.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The areas referred to in paragraph 2 shall only include areas bounded by a line joining the outer stays of the poles. Where there are hop plants on that line, an additional strip of a width corresponding to the average width of an alleyway within that parcel may be added to each side of that area. The additional strip shall not form part of a public right of way. The two headlands at the ends of the hop rows that are needed for manoeuvring agricultural machinery may be included in the area, provided that the length of neither headland exceeds eight metres and they are counted only once, and they do not form part of a public right of way.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The areas referred to in paragraph 2 shall not include areas planted with young hop plants grown chiefly as nursery products.\nPayment of the aid\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Germany shall pay the aid to the beneficiaries between 16 October of the year in which the application was made and 31 January of the following year at the latest for each application that was submitted in accordance with this Regulation and German legislation, but only after all compulsory checks referred to in Article 5 have been carried out.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any amount paid by the German competent authority which has not been committed by a producer organisation within a period of three years from the date of payment shall be paid back to the paying agency and deducted from the expenditure financed under the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund.\nChecks and sanctions\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Prior to granting the payment, the competent national authority shall carry out administrative checks on all aid applications as well as on-the-spot checks on a significant sample of applications.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Administrative checks on aid applications shall be exhaustive and shall include:\n(a) cross-checks of the eligible areas claimed with, inter alia, data from the integrated administration and control system provided for in Chapter 4 of Title II of Regulation (EC) No 73/2009;\n(b) a verification of the contribution of the measures implemented to the aims referred to in Article 122(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0On-the-spot checks shall be conducted at each producer organisation and cover at least 5\u00a0% of the aid to be distributed. Such checks shall verify in particular:\n(a) the producer organisations\u2019 compliance with the recognition criteria;\n(b) the eligibility of the hop areas claimed;\n(c) a representative sample of the measures implemented, completed or ongoing and the corresponding expenditure incurred or committed during the calendar year of the aid application with a view to achieving the aims referred to in Article 122(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Provided that the purpose of the on-the-spot check is not jeopardised, advance notice, strictly limited to the minimum time period necessary, may be given.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In all appropriate cases, Germany shall make use of the integrated administration and control system.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In the event of undue payment, Article 80 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1122/2009\u00a0(4) shall apply mutatis mutandis.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where an undue payment has been made as a result of a false declaration, false documents or serious negligence, the applicant shall, in addition to the recovery of unduly paid amounts, repay an amount equal to the difference between the amount initially paid and the amount to which the applicant was actually entitled. These amounts shall be payable to the EU budget.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The competent control authority shall draw up a control report on each on-the-spot check. The report shall describe precisely the different items and aspects controlled, and provide sufficient detail to allow review of the control work performed and results achieved.\n9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The German competent authority executing the payments shall send an annual report to the Commission on the producer organisations\u2019 use of the amounts received, including a description of the measures that have been financed by means of the payments. The report shall include details of the number of the on-the-spot checks carried out and the related findings, and shall be sent at the latest by 30 June of each year.\nTransitional provisions\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Applications for the first payment referred to in Article 102a of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 shall be made by a deadline to be determined by Germany but not later than 15 January 2011. The corresponding payments shall be executed by 30 April 2011. Applications for the second payment referred to in Article 102a of that Regulation shall be made by a deadline to be determined by Germany but not later than 30 September 2011. The corresponding payments shall be executed by 31 January 2012 at the latest.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before the first payment referred to in paragraph 1, the competent national authority shall identify the eligible producer organisations referred to in Article 2(1), provisionally verify the fulfilment of the conditions referred to in Article 3(1) and provisionally establish the amounts and the eligible areas referred to in Article 3(2) of this Regulation during the calendar year preceding that payment.\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2011.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["control of State aid", "economic support", "common agricultural policy", "hops", "payment", "Germany"], "distractor groups": ["Alytus county", "C\u00f4te d'Ivoire", "part-time employment", "carrying out of sentence", "ground staff", "child care", "competition (EU)", "economic transition", "Roman law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 139/87 of 19 January 1987 on the emergency supply of beef to the most deprived persons\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 139/87\nof 19 January 1987\non the emergency supply of beef to the most deprived persons\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 805/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common organization of the market in beef and veal (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3768/85 (2), and in particular Article 7 (3) thereof,\nWhereas the sharp fall in temperatures in Europe has serious consequences for the most deprived persons; whereas Community resources should be urgently used to help these persons through the agency of the recognized charitable organizations in each Member State;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\nThe intervention agencies shall make available free of charge for relief work and to charitable organizations, that are recognized as such by the Member State in which they are established, beef for free distribution in that Member State to the most deprived persons in the form of prepared meals.\nBeef made available under the previous subparagraph shall be beef bought in by intervention under Article 6 of Regulation (EEC) No 805/68 that was taken into storage during 1986.\nMember States shall determine the implementing measures for Article 1, including those control measures they deem appropriate.\nMember States shall notify the Commission every week of the quantities removed from storage under this Regulation during the previous week.\nCommission Regulation (EEC) No 1687/76 (3) is hereby amended as follows:\nThe following point 39 and the footnote relating thereto are added to Part II of the Annex entitled 'Products subject to a use and/or destination other than that mentioned under I':\n'39. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 140/87 of 19 January 1987 on the emergency supply of beef to the most deprived persons (39)\n- Section 104:\n- destinados a las personas m\u00e1s desfavorecidas - Reglamento (CEE) no 140/87\n- til de socialt daarligst stillede - forordning (EOEF) nr. 140/87\n- bestimmt fuer stark benachteiligte Personen - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 140/87\n- prooriz\u00f3meno gia ap\u00f3roys - kanonism\u00f3s (EOK) arith. 140/87\n- for distribution to the most deprived persons - Regulation (EEC) No 140/87\n- destin\u00e9s aux personnes les plus d\u00e9munies - r\u00e8glement (CEE) no 140/87\n- destinate al pi\u00f9 indigenti - regolamento (CEE) n. 140/87\n- bestemd voor hulpbehoevenden - Verordening (EEG) nr. 140/87\n- destinados \u00e0s pessoas mais desfavorecidas - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 140/87.\n(39) OJ No L 17, 20. 1. 1987, p. 19.'\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply until 31 March 1987.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food aid", "beef"], "distractor groups": ["upper class", "sewage sludge", "anti-missile defence", "framework decision", "environmental policy", "criminal responsibility of minors", "regulatory policy", "Navarre", "gender identity", "homogenised milk", "South Sweden", "medicine", "econometrics"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2823/85 of 7 October 1985 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of certain clogs originating in Sweden\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2823/85\nof 7 October 1985\nimposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of certain clogs originating in Sweden\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 11 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for by the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n1. In January 1985 the Commission received a complaint lodged by the European Federation of the Footwear Industry on behalf of producers of Scandinavian clogs (being clogs with outer soles of leather or leather covered with PVC and with uppers of leather) whose collective output constitutes a major proportion of Community production of the product in question. The complaint contained evidence of dumping and of material injury resulting therefrom, which was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding. The Commission accordingly announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of Scandinavian clogs falling within Common Customs Tariff subheading ex 64.02 A, corresponding to NIMEXE code 64.02-41 and originating in Sweden, and commenced an investigation.\n2. The Commission officially so advised the exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting country and the complainants and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\n3. The majority of the known Community producers, some Swedish exporters and some importers made their views known in writing.\nNo submissions were made by or on behalf of Community purchasers of these clogs.\n4. The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following:\n- EEC producers:\n- Gevavi, Zwolle, Netherlands,\n- Sanita, Herning, Denmark,\n- Young Shoe, Vonge, Denmark;\n- Swedish exporters:\n- Lavi, Kristianstad, Sweden,\n- Torpatoffeln, Tornsbruk, Sweden,\n- BJ Traesko, Moheda, Sweden,\n- Ugglebo Toffeln AB, Paaryd, Sweden.\nThe Commission requested and received detailed written submissions from some complainant Community producers, some exporters and some importers and verified the information therein to the extent considered necessary.\n5. The investigation of dumping covered the period from January 1984 to January 1985.\nB. Normal value\n6. Normal value was provisionally determined for three of the exporters concerned on the basis of their domestic prices, sufficient evidence having been provided by those producers that these prices were paid in the ordinary course of trade on the Swedish market during the investigation period.\nFor the one exporter concerned who did not sell on the domestic market, normal value was determined on the basis of the weighted average selling prices on the domestic market of the other producers investigated.\nC. Export price\n7. Export prices were determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the products sold for export to the Community.\nD. Comparison\n8. In comparing normal value with export prices the Commission took account, where appropriate, of differences affecting price comparability where claims in these areas could be satisfactorily\ndemonstrated. In particular, differences in size and in quality of boot sole and upper were taken into account as were differences in payment terms.\nAll comparisons were made at ex-works level.\nE. Margins\n9. The above preliminary examination of the facts shows the existence of dumping in respect of BJ Traesko, Torpatoffeln and Ugglebo Toffeln, the margin of dumping being equal to the amount by which the normal value as established exceeds the prices for export to the Community.\nThese margins vary according to the exporter and the type of clog concerned, the weighted average margin for each of the exporters investigated being as follows:\n1.2 // BJ Traesko // 7 % // Lavi // no dumping // Torpatoffeln // 11 % // Uggledo Toffeln // 0,3 %\n10. For those exporters who neither replied to the Commission's questionnaire nor made themselves known otherwise in the course of the preliminary investigation, dumping was determined on the basis of the facts available. In this connection the Commission considered that the results of its investigation provided the most appropriate basis for determination of the margin of dumping particularly since it would create an opportunity for circumvention of the duty to hold that the dumping margin for these exporters was any lower than the highest dumping margin of 11 % determined with regard to an exporter who has cooperated in the investigation. For these neasons it is considered appropriate to use this latter dumping margin for this group of exporters.\nF. Injury\n11. With regard to the injury caused by the dumped imports, the evidence available to the Commission shows that imports into the Community from Sweden of Scandinavian clogs fell from 2,1 million pairs in 1981 to 1,6 million pairs in 1984. However, in view of declining consumption in the Community during that period the market share held by the exporting country increased from 51 % to 60 % in the same period.\n12. The weighted average resale prices of these imports undercut the prices of the Community producers during the investigation period by between 11 % and 49 %, resale prices being lower than those required to cover the costs of Community producers and provide a reasonable profit.\n13. The consequent impact on the complainant Community industry was a fall in sales in the Community from 1,04 million pairs in 1981 to 0,6 million pairs in 1984. Exports to countries not members of the Community being negligible, figures for production followed the same pattern, i.e. a reduction of some 40 % during that period. That reduction was in excess of the decline in Community consumption and, consequently, the complainant producers' market share in the Community fell from approximately 25 % to 22 % during the same period.\n14. The depressive effect on the prices of the complainant producers caused by the price undercutting of the Swedish exporters together with the higher unit costs resulting from lower sales volumes and loss of market share to Swedish imports have led to the incurring of widespread losses by the complainant producers. In addition, these factors have led to a number of Community producers ceasing operations and this, together with the redundancies forced on the remaining producers, has resulted in the total workforce engaged in the production of Scandinavian clogs in the Community being halved since 1981.\n15. The Commission has considered whether injury has been caused by other factors, in particular the fact that consumption in the Community has considerably declined. It has, however, been established that this decline has affected the Community production more than it has affected the dumped imports. There were no imports of the product concerned to the Community from any non-member country other than Sweden during the reference peiod. Accordingly, the substantial increase in the market share of the dumped imports and the prices at which they are offered for sale in the Community led the Commission to determine that the effect of the dumped imports of Scandinavian clogs originating in Sweden have to be considered as constituting material injury to the Community industry concerned. This industry generally comprises manufacturing units with the sole facility of producing clogs. Conversion to other forms of footwear production is generally not feasible.\nG. Community interest\n16. In view of the serious level of injury sustained by the complainant producers caused particularly by price undercutting of up to 49 % and the resulting likelihood that, without protective measures, the continued existence of the industry in the Community would be endangered, the Commission has come to the conclusion that it is in the Community's interest that action be taken. In order to prevent further injury being caused during the remainder of the proceeding, this action should take the form of a provisional anti-dumping duty.\nH. Rate of duty\n17. Having regard to the extent of the injury caused and in particular the level of price undercutting with varied from 11 % to 49 %, the rate of such duty should correspond to the margins of dumping provisionally estimated. The duty should not apply to the exporters Lavi for which no dumping was found nor to Ugglebo Toffeln for which the dumping margin found can be considered de minimis.\nA period should be fixed within which the parties concerned may make their views known and request a hearing,\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of clogs with outer soles of leather or leather covered with PVC and with uppers of leather, falling within Common Customs Tariff subheading ex 64.02A, corresponding to NIMEXE code 64.02-41 and originating in Sweden.\n2. The amount of the duty shall be equal to 11 % of the price per pair net, free-at-Community-frontier, before duty, except for products manufactured and exported by BJ Traesko AB, Moheda, Sweden in respect of which the rate of duty shall be 7 %.\nThe free-at-Community-frontier prices shall be net if the conditions of sale provide for payment within 30 days from the date of shipment; they shall be increased or reduced by 1 % for each respective reduction or increase of one month in the period for payment.\nThe duty shall not apply to products manufactured and exported by Lavi, Kristianstad, Sweden and Ugglebo Toffeln AB, Paaryd, Sweden.\n3. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\n4. The release for free circulation in the Community of the products referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provisions of a security, equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) and (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, the parties concerned may make known their views in writing and apply to be heard by the Commission within one month of the entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, is shall apply for a period of four months, unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["dumping", "footwear industry", "Sweden"], "distractor groups": ["industrial fishing", "local legislation", "prevention of pollution", "regional cooperation", "Vietnam", "Province of Antwerp", "solar architecture", "examination", "customs document", "domestic policy", "Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency", "space transport"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2008/124/EC of 18 December 2008 limiting the marketing of seed of certain species of fodder plants and oil and fibre plants to seed which has been officially certified as basic seed or certified seed (Codified version) (Text with EEA relevance)\n19.12.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 340/73\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2008/124/EC\nof 18 December 2008\nlimiting the marketing of seed of certain species of fodder plants and oil and fibre plants to seed which has been officially certified as \u2018basic seed\u2019 or \u2018certified seed\u2019\n(Codified version)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/401/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of fodder plant seed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 3(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2002/57/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of seed of oil and fibre plants\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 3(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Directive 86/109/EEC of 27 February 1986 limiting the marketing of seed of certain species of fodder plants and oil and fibre plants to seed which has been officially certified as \u2018basic seed\u2019 or \u2018certified seed\u2019\u00a0(3) has been substantially amended several times\u00a0(4). In the interests of clarity and rationality the said Directive should be codified, together with Commission Directive 75/502/EEC of 25 July 1975 limiting the marketing of seed of smooth-stalk meadow grass (Poa pratensis L.) to seed which has been officially certified as \u2018basic seed\u2019 or \u2018certified seed\u2019\u00a0(5), by assembling them in a single text.\n(2) Directive 66/401/EEC allows the marketing of basic seed, certified seed and commercial seed of certain species of fodder plants.\n(3) Directive 2002/57/EC allows the marketing of basic seed, certified seed of all kinds and commercial seed of certain species of oil and fibre plants.\n(4) Both Directives authorise the Commission to prohibit the marketing of seed unless it has been officially certified as \u2018basic seed\u2019 or \u2018certified seed\u2019.\n(5) Member States are in a position to produce sufficient basic seed and certified seed to satisfy within the Community the demand for seed of some of the species referred to above with seed of those categories.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry.\n(7) This Directive should be without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time limits for transposition into national law of the Directives set out in Annex I, Part B,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall provide that it shall not be permitted to place on the market seed of:\n\u2014 Poa pratensis L.\n\u2014 Poa pratensis L.\n\u2014 Vicia faba L. (partim)\n\u2014 Papaver somniferum L.\n\u2014 Agrostis gigantea Roth\n\u2014 Agrostis stolonifera L.\n\u2014 Phleum bertolonii DC\n\u2014 Poa palustris L.\n\u2014 Poa trivialis L.\n\u2014 Lupinus albus L.\n\u2014 Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. et Cosson\n\u2014 Agrostis capillaris L.\n\u2014 Lotus corniculatus L.\n\u2014 Medicago lupulina L.\n\u2014 Trifolium hybridum L.\n\u2014 Alopecurus pratensis L.\n\u2014 Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. ex J. S. et K. B. Presl\n\u2014 Bromus catharticus Vahl\n\u2014 Bromus sitchensis Trin.\n\u2014 Lupinus luteus L.\n\u2014 Lupinus angustifolius L.\n\u2014 Poa nemoralis L.\n\u2014 Trisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv.\n\u2014 Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.\n\u2014 Sinapis alba L.\n\u2014 Agrostis canina L.\n\u2014 Festuca ovina L.\n\u2014 Trifolium alexandrinum L.\n\u2014 Trifolium incarnatum L.\n\u2014 Trifolium resupinatum L.\n\u2014 Vicia sativa L.\n\u2014 Vicia villosa Roth\n\u2014 Glycine max (L.) Merr.\n\u2014 Glycine max (L.) Merr.\n\u2014 Linum usitatissimum L.\nDirective 75/502/EEC and Directive 86/109/EEC, as amended by the Directives listed in Annex I, Part A, are repealed, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time limits for transposition into national law of the Directives set out in Annex I, Part B.\nReferences to the repealed Directives shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex II.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["oleaginous plant", "textile plant", "fodder plant", "marketing", "seed"], "distractor groups": ["agricultural adviser", "information society", "invasive species", "Fascism", "candidate", "Navarre", "money-market liquidity", "contract", "indemnification", "offal"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/697/CFSP: Council Decision 2011/697/CFSP of 20\u00a0October 2011 amending Decision 2011/621/CFSP extending the mandate of the European Union Special Representative to the African Union\n21.10.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 276/46\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2011/697/CFSP\nof 20 October 2011\namending Decision 2011/621/CFSP extending the mandate of the European Union Special Representative to the African Union\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 28, Article 31(2) and Article 33 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 6 December 2007, the Council adopted Joint Action 2007/805/CFSP\u00a0(1) appointing Mr Koen VERVAEKE as European Union Special Representative (EUSR) to the African Union (AU).\n(2) On 21 September 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/621/CFSP\u00a0(2) extending the mandate of the EUSR until 30 June 2012.\n(3) A new EUSR to the AU should be appointed for the period from 1 November 2011 until 30 June 2012.\n(4) Decision 2011/621/CFSP should be amended accordingly,\nArticle 1 of Decision 2011/621/CFSP is replaced by the following:\n\u2018Article 1\nEuropean Union Special Representative\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The mandate of Mr Koen VERVAEKE as EUSR to the AU is hereby extended until 31 October 2011.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mr Gary QUINCE is hereby appointed as EUSR to the AU for the period from 1 November 2011 until 30 June 2012.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The mandate of the EUSR may be terminated earlier, if the Council so decides, on a proposal of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR).\u2019.\nEntry into force\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["appointment of members", "diplomatic representation", "African Union"], "distractor groups": ["public administration", "Ceuta", "peaceful use of energy", "seat of institution", "European Association of National Productivity Centres", "guided missile", "tariff zone", "medium-term forecast", "vocational guidance", "CCAM countries", "charter on human rights", "Olympic games"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0172/2011 of 23\u00a0February 2011 fixing for 2011 the amount of aid in advance for private storage of butter\n24.2.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 49/14\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 172/2011\nof 23 February 2011\nfixing for 2011 the amount of aid in advance for private storage of butter\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 43(a) and (d), in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 28 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 provides for the granting of private storage aid for butter.\n(2) Developments in prices and stocks of butter indicate an imbalance in the market which may be eliminated or reduced by the seasonal storage. In view of the current market situation, it is appropriate to grant aid for private storage of butter as from 1 March 2011.\n(3) Commission Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 of 20 August 2008 laying down common rules for the granting of private storage aid for certain agricultural products\u00a0(2) has established common rules for the implementation of a private storage aid scheme.\n(4) Pursuant to Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008, aid fixed in advance is to be granted in accordance with the detailed rules and conditions provided for in Chapter III of that Regulation.\n(5) In accordance with Article 29 of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 the aid should be fixed in the light of storage costs and the likely trends in prices for fresh butter and butter from stocks.\n(6) It is appropriate to fix aid for the costs for entry and exit of the products concerned and for daily costs for cold storage and financing.\n(7) To facilitate the implementation of the present measure and taking into consideration the existing practice in the Member States, the aid should relate only to products that have been fully placed into storage. Consequently, a derogation from Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 should be provided for.\n(8) For reasons of administrative efficiency and simplification, where the required information concerning storage details are already included in the application for aid, it is appropriate to waive the request to notify the same information after the conclusion of the contract as provided for in point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008.\n(9) For reasons of simplification and logistic efficiency, Member States should be allowed to waive the requirement to mark the contract number on each unit stored where the contracts number is entered in the stores register.\n(10) For reasons of administrative efficiency and simplification, taking into account the particular situation for butter storage, the checks provided for in Article 36(6) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 should be carried out in respect of at least one half of the contracts. Consequently, a derogation from that Article should be provided for.\n(11) The amount of aid applicable to private storage of butter for 2010 has been fixed by Commission Regulation (EU) No 158/2010\u00a0(3). Since a new amount is to be fixed for 2011, that Regulation should be repealed for reasons of clarity. For the same reasons, this Regulation should expire on the final date laid down for the end of contractual storage.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Regulation provides for private storage aid for salted and unsalted butter as referred to in Article 28(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 for contracts concluded from 1 March 2011.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 shall apply save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation.\nThe unit of measurement referred to in Article 16(2)(c) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 is the \u2018storage lot\u2019 which corresponds to the quantity of the product covered by this Regulation, weighing at least 1 tonne and of homogeneous composition and quality, produced in a single factory, taken into storage in a single warehouse on a single day.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008, applications shall only relate to products that have been fully placed into storage.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Point (a) of the first paragraph of Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 shall not apply.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States may waive the requirements referred to in Article 22(1)(e) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008 to mark the contract number provided that the store manager undertakes to enter the contract number in the register referred to in point III of Annex I to that Regulation.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article 36(6) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008, at the end of the contractual storage period, the authority responsible for checking shall, throughout the whole removal period from August 2011 to February 2012, in respect of at least one half of the number of contracts, by sampling, verify weight and identification of the butter in storage.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The aid for the products referred in Article 1 shall be:\n\u2014 18,06\u00a0EUR per tonne of storage for fixed storage costs,\n\u2014 0,35\u00a0EUR per tonne per day of contractual storage.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Entry into contractual storage shall take place between 1 March and 15 August 2011. Removal from store may take place only as from 16 August 2011. Contractual storage shall end on the day preceding that of the removal from storage or at the latest the last day of February following the year of entry into store.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Aid may be granted only where the contractual storage period is between 90 and 210 days.\nMember States shall notify the Commission each Tuesday by 12 noon (Brussels time) of the quantities for which contracts have been concluded as required under Article 35(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 826/2008, as well as of the quantities of products for which applications to conclude contracts have been submitted.\nRegulation (EU) No 158/2010 is repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall expire on 29 February 2012.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["storage", "EU aid", "storage premium", "economic support", "butter", "private stock"], "distractor groups": ["conservation of fish stocks", "incomes policy", "French Polynesia", "tourism policy", "repeal", "representative price", "Corsica", "nuclear medicine", "merger control"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/909/EC: Commission Decision of 14 December 2005 setting up a group of experts to advise the Commission and to facilitate cooperation between public oversight systems for statutory auditors and audit firms\n16.12.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 329/38\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 14 December 2005\nsetting up a group of experts to advise the Commission and to facilitate cooperation between public oversight systems for statutory auditors and audit firms\n(2005/909/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) Reinforcement of the statutory audit is essential in order to restore investors\u2019 confidence in the financial markets. The modernised Eighth Directive on statutory audit of annual accounts and consolidated accounts and amending Council Directives 78/660/EEC and 83/349/EEC\u00a0(1) (hereinafter referred to as modernised Eighth Directive) introduces, inter alia, a requirement for Member States to set up a system of public oversight for statutory auditors and audit firms. The modernised Eighth Directive aims also to establish co-ordination of public oversight systems at the community level and includes a possibility for the Commission to adopt implementing measures.\n(2) In order to reach the goals outlined in the modernised Eighth Directive, the Commission needs to call upon an expert group which would contribute to the co-ordination and the development of public oversight systems within the European Union. The group could also contribute to the technical preparation of the implementing measures of the modernised Eighth Directive.\n(3) The expert group should be composed of high level representatives drawn from the public oversight systems for statutory auditors and audit firms in Member States. If such systems are not yet established, representatives from the national ministries responsible for their establishment in the future should join the group. Only non-practitioners, as defined under Article 2(11)(b) of the modernised Eighth Directive, can be designated as representatives or alternate representatives because of the potential conflicts of interest between the profession and the private sector on one side, and the public interest on the other side. Nevertheless, the work of the Commission and of the group should draw upon the knowledge and experience of practitioners. As a result, the Commission should, after discussion with the expert group, consult extensively and at an early stage with market participants, consumers, the audit profession and end-users in an open and transparent manner, on the work of the group.\n(4) The expert group called the \u2018European Group of Auditors\u2019 Oversight Bodies\u2019 therefore should be set up and its terms of reference and structures detailed,\nThe expert group called the \u2018European Group of Auditors\u2019 Oversight Bodies\u2019 hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019 is hereby set up by the Commission.\nTask\nThe Commission may consult the group on any question relating to the preparation of the implementing measures of the modernised Eighth Directive. The group may also discuss any matter relating to cooperation between public oversight systems for statutory auditors and audit firms.\nThe group\u2019s tasks are mainly to:\n\u2014 facilitate cooperation between public oversight systems of Member States and to bring about an exchange of good practice concerning the establishment and ongoing cooperation of such systems;\n\u2014 contribute to the technical assessment of public oversight systems of third countries and to the international cooperation between Member States and third countries in this area;\n\u2014 contribute to the technical examination of international auditing standards, including the processes for their elaboration, with a view to their adoption at the community level.\nComposition \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of high level representatives from the entities responsible for the public oversight of statutory auditors and audit firms in Member States or in their absence, of representatives from the competent national ministries.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Each Member State shall designate a high level representative from one of the authorities mentioned in paragraph 1 to participate in the meetings of the group. The Commission can refuse the representative designated by a Member State when it does not consider the representative appropriate, particularly if there is any conflict of interest. In such a case, the Commission will quickly inform the Member State concerned which can then designate another representative.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Only non-practitioners can be designated as representatives.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Each Member State shall designate one representative. One alternate representative per Member State may be designated under the conditions set up in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 5.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The following provisions shall apply:\n\u2014 in a case where a Member State is represented by a ministry, when a public oversight system for auditors and audit firms is established, the Member State shall replace its representative by a representative drawn from the public oversight system;\n\u2014 representatives who are no longer able to contribute effectively to the group\u2019s deliberations, who resign or who do not respect the conditions set out in the first or third point of this Article or Article 287 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, shall be replaced;\n\u2014 members of sub-groups mentioned in Article 4 below and being practitioners, shall sign at the beginning of their mandate and, each time it is required by the chairman, an undertaking to act in the public interest and a declaration indicating the absence or existence of any interest which may undermine their objectivity.\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group is chaired by the Commission.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0As general rule, after discussion with the group, the Commission should consult extensively and at an early stage with market participants, consumers, the audit profession and end-users in an open and transparent manner, on the work of the group.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, sub-groups may be set up to examine specific questions under terms of reference established by the group; they shall be disbanded as soon as these have been fulfilled. The sub-groups can also include practitioners.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The chairman may ask experts or observers with specific competence on a subject on the agenda to participate in the group\u2019s or sub-group\u2019s deliberations if this is useful and/or necessary.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group\u2019s discussions shall not be public.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group and its sub-groups normally meet on Commission premises in accordance with the procedures and schedule established by it. The Commission provides secretarial services. Other Commission officials with an interest in the proceedings may attend these meetings.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure adopted by the Commission.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may publish, in the original language of the document concerned, any r\u00e9sum\u00e9, conclusion, or partial conclusion or working document of the group.\nMeeting expenses\nThe Commission shall reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses for representatives, members of the sub-groups, experts and observers in connection with the group\u2019s activities in accordance with the provisions in force at the Commission. The representatives shall not be paid for their duties.\nMeeting expenses are reimbursed within the limits of the appropriations allocated to the department concerned under the annual procedure for allocating resources.\nEntry into force\nThe decision shall take effect on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["management audit", "operation of the Institutions", "consolidated account", "administrative cooperation", "self-employed person", "auditing", "audit"], "distractor groups": ["qualitative analysis", "Treaty on European Union", "theology", "voluntary military service", "industrial region", "multilateral surveillance", "redundancy", "interference"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/505/EC: Commission Decision of 13 July 2005 amending Decision 96/355/EC laying down special conditions governing the import of fishery and aquaculture products originating in Senegal, as regards the competent authority and the model of health certificate (notified under document number C(2005) 2651) (Text with EEA relevance)\n15.7.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 184/64\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 13 July 2005\namending Decision 96/355/EC laying down special conditions governing the import of fishery and aquaculture products originating in Senegal, as regards the competent authority and the model of health certificate\n(notified under document number C(2005) 2651)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/505/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/493/EEC of 22 July 1991 laying down the health conditions for the production and the placing on the market of fishery products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 11 (1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In Commission Decision 96/355/EC\u00a0(2), the \u2018Minist\u00e8re de la p\u00eache et des transports maritimes \u2014 Direction de l\u2019oc\u00e9anographie et des p\u00eaches maritimes \u2014 Bureau du contr\u00f4le des produits halieutiques (MPTM \u2014 DOPM \u2014 BCPH)\u2019 is identified as the competent authority in Senegal for verifying and certifying compliance of fishery and aquaculture products with Directive 91/493/EEC.\n(2) Following a restructuring of the Senegal administration, the competent authority has changed to the \u2018Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Economie Maritime \u2014 Direction des P\u00eaches Maritimes \u2014 Bureau de Contr\u00f4le des Produits Halieutiques (MEM \u2014 DPM \u2014 BCPH)\u2019.\n(3) That new authority is capable of effectively verifying the application of the rules in force.\n(4) The MEM \u2014 DPM \u2014 BCPH has provided official assurances on compliance with the standards for health controls and monitoring of fishery and aquaculture products as set out in Directive 91/493/EEC and on the fulfilment of hygienic requirements equivalent to those laid down in that Directive.\n(5) Decision 96/355/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) It is appropriate for this Decision to be applied 45 days from the date of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union thereby providing for the necessary transitional period.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 96/355/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 2 is replaced by the following:\n1. each consignment must be accompanied by a numbered original health certificate, duly completed, signed dated and comprising a single sheet in accordance with the model in Annex A hereto;\n2. the products must come from approved establishments, factory vessels, cold store or registered freezer vessels listed in Annex B hereto;\n3. except in the case of frozen fishery products in bulk and intended for the manufacture of preserve foods, all packages must bear the word \u201cSENEGAL\u201d and the approval/registration number of the establishment, factory vessel, cold store or freezer vessel of origin in indelible letters.\u2019\n3. Paragraph 2 of the Article 3 is replaced by the following:\n4. Annex A is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision shall apply from 29 August 2005.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["health control", "Senegal", "import (EU)", "fishery product", "supervisory power", "aquaculture", "health certificate"], "distractor groups": ["sugar refining", "Cambodia", "regulation (EU)", "transport regulations", "Iceland", "criminal negligence", "OECD countries", "national income"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2409/87 of 6 August 1987 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of ferro-silicon originating in Brazil and accepting undertakings offered by Italmagnesio SA of Brazil and from Promsyrio-Import of the USSR\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2409/87\nof 6 August 1987\nimposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of ferro-silicon originating in Brazil and accepting undertakings offered by Italmagnesio SA of Brazil and from Promsyrio-Import of the USSR\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1761/87 (2), and in particular Articles 10 and 11 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for by the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) In June 1986 and September 1986 the Commission received complaints lodged by the Comit\u00e9 de Liaison des Industries de Ferro-alliages de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique europ\u00e9enne on behalf of French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish producers of ferro-silicon whose collective out-put constitutes practically all Community production of the product in question. The complaints contained evidence of dumping and of material injury resulting therefrom, which was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding. The Commission accordingly announced, by notices published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (3), the initiation of anti-dumping proceedings concerning imports into the Community of ferro-silicon falling within Common Customs Tariff subheading 73.02 C, corresponding to NIMEXE code 73.02-30 and originating in Brazil and the USSR, and commenced an investigation.\n(2) The Commission officially so advised the exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of Brazil and the complainants and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\n(3) All the Community producers, three Brazilian and the USSR exporters as well as two of the three importers into the Community of USSR ferro-silicon made their views known in writing. None of the importers of Brazilian ferro-silicon cooperated in the proceeding. Some of the parties have requested and were granted hearings by the Commission. One importer requested a hearing after the expiry of the deadline set with the notice of initiation; this request was refused because it was made too late.\nOne Brazilian exporter known to have exported during the period of investigation refused to cooperate.\n(4) One importer requested the opportunity to meet the complainants for the purpose of presenting their opposing views. The Commission was prepared to grant this request but the complainants refused to attend a meeting and it was not, therefore, possible to arrange it.\nNo submissions were made by Community purchasers of ferro-silicon.\nThe Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following:\nEEC producers\n- Pechiney Electrom\u00e9tallurgie SA, Paris, France,\n- Ferroaleacione del Norte Ferronor SA, Mataporquera, Spain,\n- Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Fundiciones Electricas SA, Bilbao, Spain.\nExporters\n- Companhia Brasileira Carbureto de Calcio CBCC SA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,\n- Italmagn\u00e9sio SA, Sao Paolo, Brazil,\n- Eletrometalur SA, Ind\u00fastria e Com\u00e9rcio, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.\nImporters\n- Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 anonyme des Minerais, Luxembourg,\n- Eisen und Metall AG, Gelsenkirchen, Germany.\nThe Commission requested and received detailed written submissions from the complainant Community producers, four exporters and two importers and verified the information therein to the extent considered necessary.\nThe investigation of dumping covered the period from 1 September 1985 to 30 August 1986 in the case of Brazil and 1 March 1986 to 28 February 1987 in the case of the USSR.\nB. Normal value\n(5) Brazil\nNormal value was provisionally determined on the basis of the domestic prices of those producers who exported to the Community and who provided sufficient evidence.\n(6) USSR\nIn order to establish whether the imports from the USSR were dumped, the Commission had to take account of the fact that the USSR does not have a market economy and the Commission therefore had to base its determinations on the normal value in a market-economy country. In this connection, the complainants had suggested the Brazilian market. No objection was made to this suggestion.\nThe Commission is satisfied that the products from these two countries are substantially identical, that there are no extraordinary differences between the manufacturing processes in the USSR and Brazil and that there is a comparable level of development. In addition the scale of the production in Brazil and a high level of internal competition from about half a dozen domestic Brazilian producers ensure that price levels are in a reasonable proportion to production costs.\nThe Commission therefore concluded that it would be appropriate and not unreasonable to determine normal value on the basis of domestic prices in Brazil.\nC. Export price\n(7) Export prices were in each case determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the product sold for export to the Community.\nD. Comparison\n(8) In comparing normal value with export prices the Commission took account, where appropriate, of differences affecting price comparability. The exporters claimed and could show that such differences existed in respect of payment terms, handling, taxes, transport and packaging costs, and commissions paid to third parties.\nAll comparisons were made at ex-works level.\nE. Margins\n(9) The above preliminary examination of the facts shows the existence of dumping with regard to only one investigated Brazilian exporter, Italmagnesio SA, and with regard to the USSR exporter, the margins of dumping being equal to the amount by which the normal values as established exceed the prices for export to the Community. The margins vary according to shipment of the material concerned. The weighted average dumping margins found were as follows:\nBrazil\nItalmagnesio SA: 10,6 %\nCompanhia Brasileira Carbureto de Calcio CBCC, SA: no dumping\nElectrometalur SA: no dumping\nFor those exporters who neither replied to the Commission's questionnaire nor made themselves known otherwise in the course of the preliminary investigation, dumping was determined on the basis of the facts available. In this connection the Commission considered that the results of its investigation provided the most appropriate basis for determination of the margin of dumping and that it would constitute a bonus for non-cooperation and would create an opportunity for circumvention of the duty to hold that the dumping margin for these exporters was any lower than the highest dumping margin of 10,6 % determined with regard to an exporter who had cooperated in the investigation. For these reasons it is considered appropriate to use this latter dumping margin for this group of exporters.\nUSSR\nPromsyrio-Import, Moscow, USSR: 10,7 %\nF. Injury\n(10) It has already been established by Commission Decision 83/93/EEC (1) that the Community industry suffered injury caused by dumped imports. For the purposes of this Regulation the Commission relied on evidence submitted in the complaint. No valid evidence was submitted by the parties during the investigation which would have allowed the conclusion that the Community industry was no longer in a precarious state.\n(11) In fact it has been provisionally established that exports from Brazil have increased from virtually zero to about 3 000 tonnes in 1985 and to about 5 000 tonnes during the first nine months of 1986 whereas imports from the USSR have remained more or less constant at about 9 000 tonnes per year. The combined market share of these imports\nhas thus increased from about 2 % to just below 3 %. It is recalled in this context that in the previous anti-dumping investigation concerning the same product it was found that imports from all sources then investigated and found to be dumped held a share of about 45 % of the Community market. Despite the anti-dumping measures taken in 1983 no substantial change in that market share has been observed.\nAs to price undercutting, it is to be noted that no importer of Brazilian ferro-silicon and only two of the three importers of USSR ferro-silicon cooperated in the proceeding. The Commission therefore had to base its conclusions in part on the best evidence available. This suggests that the Brazilian and USSR product was sold on the Community market at about 15 % and 10 % respectively below the price level of the Community industry.\n(12) The Commission provisionally established the profit situation of the Community industry most concerned by imports from the two countries concerned. It was found that during the reference period substantial losses in the sales of ferro-silicon on the Community market were recorded after previous years had in part given more satisfactory results. These losses led to the announcement of further closures of production facilities and the laying off of employees. It therefore had to be concluded provisionally that further protective action is warranted.\nIndeed, after clear signs of an improvement in 1984 and 1985 the results for 1986 again show that sales of ferro-silicon on the Community market were made at a price level which did not cover the Community industry's costs. As a consequence the closure of at least two production facilities had to be announced with consequent loss of employment.\nG. Community interest\n(13) No consumer of ferro-silicon made representations to the Commission in the course of the investigation.\nWhen considering the interests of the Community, the Commission took into account the fact that the Community ferro-alloys industry as a whole is being subject to low-priced imports of other ferro-alloy products to such an extent that it would not serve the Community's interests if the Commission allowed it to be exposed to dumped imports of this product as well.\nIn view of the serious difficulties facing the Community ferro-alloys industry and its economic and strategic importance, the Commission has come to the conclusion that it is in the Community's interest that action be taken. In order to prevent further injury being caused during the remainder of the proceeding, this action should take the form of a provisional anti-dumping duty.\nH. Rate of duty\n(14) Having regard to the extent of the injury caused, the rate of duty to be imposed on imports of ferro-silicon from Brazil and the USSR should correspond to the margin of dumping provisionally estimated for the one Brazilian exporter which chose to cooperate and was found to have dumped and for the sole USSR exporter of the product concerned. In order to safeguard the effectiveness of the duty it is considered appropriate that the duty take the form of a specific duty.\nI. Undertaking\n(15) Following the completion of the preliminary investigation the Brazilian exporter found to have dumped, namely Italmagnesio SA, and the USSR exporter which dumped, namely Promsyrio-Import, offered undertakings concerning their exports of ferro-silicon to the Community.\nThe effect of the said undertakings will be that the prices of their exports increase to such an extent that the injury suffered by the Community industry is eliminated. It appears that correct operation of the undertakings can be effectively monitored.\nIn these circumstances, the undertakings offered are considered acceptable. Italmagnesio SA and Promsyrio-Import can therefore be excluded from the scope of application of the duties on imports of ferro-silicon originating in Brazil and the USSR.\nSince Promsyrio-Import is the exclusive exporter of ferro-silicon from the USSR, and its undertakings cover all exports of the product originating in the USSR, all exports of ferro-silicon originating in the USSR can be excluded from the duty.\nAs to Brazil, the investigation has shown that the companies which cooperated and were investigated were not the only exporters. It would therefore constitute a premium for non-cooperation and invite exports to be made through other channels if the exclusion from the application of the duty of Italmagnesio SA were extended to other exporters from Brazil. K. Procedure\n(16) As a result the investigation into the two exporters referred to above can be terminated. A period should be fixed within which the parties concerned may make their views known and request a hearing,\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of ferro-silicon falling within Common Customs Tariff subheading 73.02 C, corresponding to NIMEXE codes 73.02-30 originating in Brazil.\n2. The amount of the duty shall be 59 ECU per tonne, net.\n3. The duty shall not apply to products manufactured and exported by Companhia Brasileira Carbureto de Calcio CBCC SA, Italmagn\u00e9sio SA, Eletrometalur SA Industria et Comercio.\n4. The investigation with regard to exports of ferro-silicon originating in the USSR and to exports by Italmagnesio SA and originating in Brazil is herewith terminated.\n5. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\n6. The release for free circulation in the Community of the products referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provision of a security, equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) and (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, the parties concerned may make known their views in writing and apply to be heard by the Commission within one month of the entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, it shall apply for a period of four months, unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Brazil", "ferrous metal", "USSR", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["market support", "Qatar", "social analysis", "County of Krapina-Zagorje", "euro area", "right of establishment", "database", "re-import", "distribution per employed person", "cobalt", "documentary tool"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "76/368/ECSC: Commission Decision of 30 March 1976 authorizing the acquisition by the British Steel Corporation of 75 % of the capital of Walter Blume GmbH (Only the English text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 30 March 1976 authorizing the acquisition by the British Steel Corporation of 75 % of the capital of Walter Blume GmbH (Only the English text is authentic) (76/368/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, and in particular Article 66 thereof,\nHaving regard to High Authority Decision No 24/54 of 6 May 1954 laying down in implementation of Article 66 (1) of the Treaty a regulation on what constitutes control of an undertaking (1),\nHaving regard to the application made by the British Steel Corporation, London, on 5 December 1975 for authorization to acquire 75 % of the capital of Walter Blume GmbH, Stuttgart,\nHaving consulted the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany,\nWHEREAS:\nI.\nThe British Steel Corporation, London (BSC) is an undertaking with a capital of \u00c2\u0141 500 million which is engaged in production in the iron and steel industry within the meaning of Article 80 of the Treaty and which also controls undertakings which do not fall under Article 80.\nThe British Steel Corporation (International) Ltd. (BSC International) is a wholly owned subsidiary of BSC and handles BSC's activities outside the United Kingdom. BSC has the power to control BSC International within the meaning of Decision 24/54 ; there is therefore a concentration within the meaning of Article 66 (1) of the Treaty between BSC and BSC International.\nWalter Blume GmbH, Stuttgart (Blume) is an undertaking engaged in the distribution of iron and steel products within the meaning of Article 80 of the Treaty, with a capital of DM 4 500 000.\nBSC International proposes to acquire 75 % of the capital of Blume.\nThe transaction in question will give BSC International control of Blume and will thus lead to a concentration between BSC and Blume.\nII.\nIn 1974 BSC sold 36 000 metric tons of iron and steel products in the Federal Republic of Germany, of which 23 000 metric tons were sheets of less than 3 mm and 13 000 metric tons were plates of 3 mm and over ; these deliveries accounted for less than 0 750 % of German consumption of these products.\nIn 1974 Blume sold 300 000 metric tons of plates and sheets of all sizes ; 200 000 metric tons were sales ex stock, and 100 000 metric tons were direct deliveries arranged by Blume.\nBlume's distribution network in the Federal Republic of Germany consists of fifteen sales offices operating mainly in the Ruhr and the south-west. Blume's export sales are negligible. The German market for plates and sheets can therefore be regarded as the relevant market. Although BSC is one of the largest plate and sheet producers in the Community, the transaction in question will not give it additional production facilities. The German producers themselves supply either directly, or indirectly through merchants, the main part of the relevant market.\nThere are many stockholders in the Federal Republic of Germany, either tied to individual manufacturers or independent. Their sales of iron and steel products totalled about 8 million metric tons in 1974. Blume, with its 200 000 metric tons, accounted for only 2 75 % of German stockholder sales. Blume's share of the German market for heavy and medium plates is about 7 % and of the market for sheet about 3 %.\nBlume's share of the German market for direct deliveries arranged by merchants (Streckengesch\u0102\u00a4ft) is below 1 %. (1)Official Journal of the European Coal and Steel Community, 11 May 1954, p. 345.\nThe transaction in question will give BSC better access to the German iron and steel market through Blume's distribution network. The arrival of the products of what is to all intents and purposes a new market entrant will strengthen competition.\nIn these circumstances the acquisition of Blume by BSC International will not enable the undertakings concerned to determine prices, to control or restrict production or distribution or to hinder effective competition in a substantial part of the market for flat products.\nBSC currently supplies Blume with an average of 8 000 metric tons per year of plates of 3 mm and over. Even if the transaction in question meant that BSC covered all of Blume's steel supplies, this would still represent only 7 75 % of all its plate and sheet deliveries. In fact, however, at least 40 % of Blume's supplies are expected to come from sources other than BSC.\nIn these circumstances, the transaction in question will not enable the undertakings concerned to evade the rules of competition instituted under the Treaty, in particular by establishing an artificially privileged position involving a substantial advantage in access to supplies and markets.\nThe transaction in question therefore satisfies the tests of Article 66 (2) and may be authorized,\nThe British Steel Corporation is authorized to acquire 75 % of the capital of Walter Blume GmbH.\nThis Decision is addressed to the British Steel Corporation, London", "answer groups": ["shareholding", "iron and steel industry", "restrictive-practice authorisation", "United Kingdom", "Germany"], "distractor groups": ["WEU countries", "allowances and expenses", "exemption from restrictive-practice authorisation", "Pacific Islands Forum", "metalloid", "plant life", "photograph", "force reduction", "school legislation", "production"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 4021/87 of 23 December 1987 instituting a system for the authorization of imports in respect of imports into France of certain kinds of beach slippers, slippers and other indoor footwear\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 4021/87\nof 23 December 1987\ninstituting a system for the authorization of imports in respect of imports into France of certain kinds of beach slippers, slippers and other indoor footwear\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/82 of 30 June 1982 on common rules for imports from the People's Republic of China (1), and in particular Article 11 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3420/83 of 14 November 1983 on import arrangments for products originating in State-trading countries, not liberalized at Community level (2), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2273/87 (3), and in particular Article 9 (3) and (4) thereof,\nAfter consultations within the advisory committees set up by the above Regulations,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) By means of Regulation (EEC) No 3667/84 (4), as amended (5), the Commission set up a system for the authorization of import into France for certain kinds of beach slippers, slippers and other indoor footwear of Chinese origin. In so doing the Commission took account of the steps taken by the authorities of the principal exporting country, the People's Republic of China, which subjects the export to France of the product in question to an export certificate in order to contain such exports within certain quantitative limits in 1985, 1986 and 1987.\n(2) On 16 July 1987 the Commission was informed by the French authorities that the expiry of the measures in question, due on 31 December 1987, threatened to expose French producers to serious injury once again.\n(3) The French request was supported by evidence regarding the trend of imports and the conditions under which they were taking place, in particular with regard to prices. Information had also been supplied ragarding the effects of such imports on the slipper and beach slipper industries.\n(4) Having decided, after consultations, that the evidence in its possession was sufficient to justify the initiation of an investigation, the Commission accordingly announced, in a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (6), the initiation of a Community investigation in respect of imports into France of the products concerned originating in China and commenced the investigation.\n(5) The Commission officially informed the importers known to be concerned and gave all parties concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing or to request an oral hearing.\nArguments were presented on behalf of the French producers, notably by the F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Nationale de l'Industrie de la Chaussure de France.\n(6) China was given an opportunity to make known its views in writing or to request an oral hearing. Non-confidential parts of the report of the investigation were sent to the authorities of the principal exporting country, the People's Republic of China.\n(7) In the course of its investigation, the Commission endeavoured to gather and verify all the information it regarded as necessary. It carried out checks at the premises of the following companies:\nFrench producers:\n- Ets. Etchandy, Maul\u00e9on,\n- Aguer & Fils SA, Maul\u00e9on,\n- Ets Victor, Bayonne.\nThe following importers were consulted:\n- Atlex, Paris\n- Borsumij Wehy France, Wissous,\n- Chauss-Europe, Le Havre,\n- Dresco, Saint-Maur (Paris),\n- Interco, Saint-Pierre Montlimart,\n- Netter & Cie, Paris,\n- Rondinaud, Rivi\u00e8res,\n- Savignard, Loudun,\n- Sogamax, Ales C\u00e9dex.\nThe importers and their national federation and union were granted a hearing. They were at pains to point out that the Chinese beach slippers and slippers could not compete against the French manufacturers' products as they were not of comparable quality.\n(8) Price comparisons made related to the period 1 January to 31 July 1987.\nB Products and industries concerned\n(9) The products which are the subject of the investigation are, first, slippers and other indoor footwear with textile outer soles falling within heading No ex 64.04 of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code 64.04-10, and slippers and other indoor footwear with uppers of textile fabric falling within subheading ex 64.02 B of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code ex 64.02-60, and secondly, all types of beach slippers, including those with outer soles with elastomer (beach slippers falling within subheading ex 64.02 B of the Common Customs Tariff, NIMEXE code 64.02-69) and those without elastomer (beach slippers falling within subheading ex 64.04 of the Common Customs Tariff, NIMEXE code ex 64.04-90).\n(10) The Commission investigation showed that a distinction should be made between slippers and beach slippers, whether with regard to import trends, prices or the impact of imports on French industry, since slipper producltion and beach slipper production constitute two different industries.\nC. Slippers\n(11) The investigation showed that slippers originating in China, whether falling within subheading ex 64.02 B of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code ex 64.02-60, or within other headings, generally have textile soles coated with plastic material and that slippers manufactured in France with outer soles of rubber or artificial plastic material are similar to or directly competitive with such products. For that reason, the impact of imports of the slippers in question was gauged in relation to French production of slippers with soles of rubber or artificial plastic material, whether or not the slippers had textile uppers.\n(12) Following the implementation in January 1985 of the system instituted by Regulation (EEC) No 3667/84 in respect of slippers originating in China, the level of imports originating in China was 20,9 million pairs lin 1985, 22,8 million pairs in 1986 and 15 million pairs in the first seven months of 1987, which corresponds approximately with lthe export limits decided on by the Chinese authorities. Attention must be drawn, however, to the very strong rise in recent years in imports of unprotected slippers falling within NIMEXE code ex 64.02-60 (up by 195 % in 1986 compared with 1985, and showing a similar trend in 1987).\n(13) Resale prices of these imports in France were substantially lower than the prices applied by Community producers; the average price differential varied between 30 % and 70 %, depending on the article.\n(14) With regard to the impact of the imports on the French slipper industry, the Commission investigation highlighted the fact that serious economic difficules still existed.\nThe investigation showed that over the period since 1980 apparent consumption has remained relatively steady, at around 70 million pairs. Production of slippers, after falling since 1980 (51 million pairs) has also stabilized at about 45 million pairs with a peak of 48 million pairs in 1986 due to voluntary restraint on Chinese imports. This held the Chinese share of the French market to 30 %, allowing French manufacturers to diversify and to broaden their producltion towards the middle of the range.\n(15) However, the investigation showed that the French producers remained very vulnerable to Chinese competition. The lower end of the slipper market has now been largely taken over by imports from outside the Community, mainly from China. The tendency for the number of people employed to drop (from 11 000 in 1984 to 9 700 in 1987) and the tendency for the number of undertakings to drop (67 in 1983 and 60 in 1986) has not been reversed. In addition, financial results have remained very unsatisfactory despite the protective measures.\nTaking into account the still-large market share of Chinese imports (30 %) and given the very low price levels of these imports, it is clear that if the protective measures were discontinued the inevitable result would be a further substantial increase in imports, which would in itself constitute a source of serious injury. D. Beach slippers\n(16) The institution in January 1985 of the import system established by Regulation (EEC) No 3667/84 should have reduced imports from China to 3,2 million pairs in 1985, 3,4 million pairs in 1986 and 3,6 million pairs in 1987. Actual imports originating in China exceeded the levels laid down by the Chinese authorities, as communicated to the Commission. As a result, the Commission was forced in 1985 to change the quantitative limits for 1986 and 1987 to 3,15 million pairs and 3,35 million pairs respectively.\nImports of Chinese origin were 3,3 million pairs in 1985, 3,9 million pairs in 1986 and 4 million pairs in 1987 (seven months).\nThe market share held by Chinese imports, 25 % in 1984, continued to grow in 1985 and 1986, reaching 43 %.\n(17) The investigation showed that there was no apparent difference of quality between the Chinese and the French beach slippers. Resale prices of imported beach slippers on the French market were about 60 % below the prices applied by French producers. It should be noted that the cif sale price of Chinese beach slippers in Europe is well below the production cost, barely covering the cost of raw materials.\n(18) The investigation showed that French producers of beach slippers were still experiencing economic difficulties.\nIndeed, the downward trend in the number of jobs was not reversed: numbers continued to fall, reaching 750 in 1987, which represents a loss of 38 % of jobs in three years; at the same time, the number of producers dropped from 16 firms in 1983 to 11 firms in 1987.\nAfter falling from 14 million pairs in 1979 to 10 million in 1984, French production continued to decline in 1985 (9,8 million pairs), 1986 (9,1 million pairs) and 1987 (an estimated 8,7 million pairs).\n(19) It may be considered that the lower end of the beach slipper market has now been taken over by imports from outside the Community, in particular from China. The French producers have responded to Chinese competition by extensive modernization, which has meant diversifying their production in the direction of more expensive articles and boosting exports to a considerable extent.\n(20) In the light of the results of the investigation, it is clear that, given the prices charged by the Chinese exporters and their considerable and growing production capacity, failure to maintain protective measures would inevitably result in a further substantial increase in imports, which would in itself constitute a source of serious injury and jeopardize the modernization measures.\nE. Protective measures\n(21) It emerges from the foregoing that, in the case of both slippers and beach slippers, the abandonment of voluntary restraint would cause serioius injury to the French producers. The adoption of further protective measures for a period of three years is necessary in order to impede as little as possible the smooth development of world trade and to permit the French undertakings concerned to pursue their modernization programmes.\n(22) In view of this situation, consultations have taken place between the Commission and the Chinese authorities, in accordance with Article 6 of the Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (1) concluded between the Community and the People's Republic of China, which is the principal exporting country, in order to find a solution to the problems created by the imports in question.\n(23) Following these consultations, and in accordance with the spirit of the abovementioned Article 6, the Chinese authorities notified the Commission of the steps taken by their Government to make export into France of the slippers and beach slippers in question subject to export certificates land also to issue such certificates in such a way as to comply with the following quantitative llimits for exports of the products in question into France during the calendar years 1988, 1986 and 1990.\n(1 000 pairs) 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8 // // // // // // // // // Description // CCT heading No // NIMEXE code // CN code // 1988 // 19898 // 1990 // // // // // // // // // // Slippers and other indoor footwear // ex 64.04 // ex 64.04-10 // ex 6405 10 90 6405 20 91 ex 6405 90 90 // 25 000 // 25 900 // 26 700 // // // ex 64.02 B // ex 64.02-60 // 6404 19 10 6404 20 10 ex 6405 90 10 // // // // // Beach slippers // ex 64.04 // ex 64.04-90 // ex 6405 10 90 6405 20 99 ex 6405 90 90 // 3 700 // 3 900 // 4 100 // // // ex 64.02 B // ex 64.02-69 // 6404 19 90 ex 6404 20 90 // // // // // // // // // // // //\nThese quantitative limits are to be increased, where appropriate, by unused quantities carried over from the previous year, or reduced by quantities used in advance from the quantitative limit for the following year.\n(24) In view of the measures taken by the Chinese Government it is necessary, in respect of imports of slippers and beach slippers into France, that appropriate verification procedures are set up to ensure that the machinery introduced by the authorities of the People's Republic of China to limit exports is operating properly.\n(25) As the investigation showed that the increased penetration of imports originating in the People's Republic of China affected the French market only, there is no need for immediate action in respect of the Member States to safeguard Community interests,\n1. Imports into France of the products set out below originating in the People's Republic of China shall be subject to an import authorization issued by the French authorities.\n1.2.3.4 // // // // // CCT heading No // NIMEXE code // CN-code // Description // // // // // ex 64.04 // ex 64.04-10 // ex 6405 10 90 6405 20 91 ex 6405 90 90 // Slippers and other indoor footwear // ex 64.02 B // ex 64.02-60 // 6404 19 10 6404 20 10 ex 6405 90 10 // // ex 64.04 // ex 64.04-90 // ex 6405 10 90 6405 20 99 ex 6405 90 90 // Beach slippers // ex 64.02 B // ex 64.02-69 // 6404 19 90 ex 6404 20 90 // // // // //\nThis import shall be valid only in the Member State in which it was issued.\n2. The import authorization referred to in paragraph 1 shall be issued automatically, free of charge, within a maximum of five working days from the date of presentation by the importer of the original of the export certificate corresponding to the quantities request issued by the authorities in China, subject to the annual quantitative limits for the Member State in question. Article 2\nThe Community investigation proceeding to re-examine the trends of certain kinds of slippers and other indoor footwear and certain kinds of beach slippers is hereby terminated.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall be applicable from 1 January 1988 until 31 December 1990\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["France", "import licence", "footwear industry"], "distractor groups": ["regional investment", "atlas", "deep-freezing", "El Salvador", "Eurobond", "tea", "economic development", "advertising", "political militant", "oil industry", "extra-budgetary expenditure", "activating price"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/602/EC: Commission Decision of 5 September 2007 setting up the stakeholder dialogue group in the areas of public health and consumer protection\n6.9.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 234/13\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 5 September 2007\nsetting up the stakeholder dialogue group in the areas of public health and consumer protection\n(2007/602/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 153 of the Treaty assigns the Community the task of ensuring a high level of consumer protection, as well as promoting their right to information and to organise themselves in order to safeguard their interests. In addition, consumer protection requirements are to be taken into account in defining and implementing other Community policies and activities.\n(2) In accordance with Protocol (No 30) on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality (1997)\u00a0(1), the Commission should consult widely before proposing legislation.\n(3) The Commission undertook, in its White Paper on European Governance\u00a0(2), to help reinforcing the culture of consultation and dialogue in the Community.\n(4) The Communication from the Commission entitled: Follow-up to the Green Paper \u2018European Transparency Initiative\u2019\u00a0(3) announced the intention to raise further the general level of quality of Commission's consultations.\n(5) With a view to advising the Commission on improving the stakeholder consultation process in the areas of public health and consumer protection, the Commission may need to call upon the expertise of specialists in an advisory body.\n(6) It is therefore necessary to set up a stakeholder dialogue group in the areas of public health and consumer protection and to define its tasks and its structure.\n(7) The stakeholder dialogue group should advise the Commission on best practice in the consultation process and also help it to better tailor its stakeholder involvement processes to stakeholders' needs in the areas of public health and consumer protection.\n(8) The stakeholder dialogue group should be composed of a balanced representation of stakeholders, from both industry (federations and individual companies) and non-governmental organisations, concerned by the different policy areas covered by the Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection.\n(9) Members of the stakeholder dialogue group should be appointed in such a way as to secure the highest standards of competence, a broad range of relevant expertise and, consistent with these criteria, the broadest possible geographic distribution within the Community, as well as a gender balance.\n(10) Rules on the disclosure of information by members of the stakeholder dialogue group should be provided for in this Decision. Such rules should be without prejudice to the Commission\u2019s rules on security as set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom of 29 November 2001 amending its internal Rules of Procedure\u00a0(4).\n(11) Personal data relating to members of the stakeholder dialogue group should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(5),\nThe stakeholder dialogue group\nThe stakeholder dialogue group, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019, is hereby established with effect from 10 October 2007.\nTask\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to the general improvement of the stakeholder consultation process in the areas of public health and consumer protection.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group's task is to:\n(a) consider the issue of stakeholder representativeness;\n(b) discuss the issue of stakeholder asymmetries and advise the Commission on possible methods for consultation which respect and adapt to the context of the stakeholders;\n(c) examine criteria for consultations, which need a more flexible and longer timeframe (more than eight weeks);\n(d) consider the role of national platforms in building the capacity of non-governmental organisations from the Member States which acceded to the Community in 2004 and 2007 and look into the role of Member States in going local.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The chairperson of the group may advise the Commission that it is desirable to consult the group on a specific question.\nMembership \u2013 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the group, \u2018members\u2019, shall be appointed by the Commission from specialists with competence in the areas referred to in Article 2(2) and who have responded to the call for an expression of interest.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of a maximum of 20 members.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members shall be appointed in a personal capacity and shall advise the Commission independently of any outside influence.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be appointed for a four-year non-renewable term of office. However, with regards to the first appointment of members only, half of the members shall be appointed for a two-year non-renewable term of office. Members shall remain in office until such time as they are replaced or their term of office ends.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members who are no longer capable of contributing effectively to the group\u2019s deliberations, who resign or who do not respect the conditions set out in paragraph 3 of this Article, or Article 287 of the Treaty may be replaced for the remainder of their term of office.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members appointed in a personal capacity shall each year sign an undertaking to act in the public interest and a declaration indicating the absence or existence of any interest which may undermine their objectivity.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of members appointed in a personal capacity shall be published on the Internet site of the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General. The names of members shall be collected, processed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be chaired by the Commission.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, sub-groups may be set up to examine specific questions under terms of reference established by the group. Such groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The chairperson may ask experts or observers with specific competence on a subject on the agenda to participate in the group\u2019s or sub-group\u2019s deliberations if this is useful and/or necessary.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Information obtained by participating in the deliberations of a group or sub-group shall not be divulged if the Commission states that such information relates to confidential matters, without prejudice to the Annex to Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group and its sub-groups shall normally meet on Commission premises in accordance with the procedures and schedule established by it. The Commission shall provide secretarial services. Other Commission officials with an interest in the proceedings may attend meetings of the group and its sub-groups.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure of the group of experts adopted by the Commission\u00a0(6).\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall publish on the Internet site of the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General, in the original language of the document concerned, any summary, conclusion, or partial conclusion or working document of the group.\nMeeting expenses\nThe Commission shall reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses for members, experts and observers in connection with the group\u2019s activities in accordance with the Commission\u2019s rules on the compensation of external experts.\nThe members, experts and observers shall not be remunerated for the services they render.\nMeeting expenses shall be reimbursed within the limits of the annual budget allocated to the group by the responsible Commission services", "answer groups": ["consultancy", "advisory committee (EU)", "consumer protection", "public health"], "distractor groups": ["private limited company", "dental medicine", "treasury bill", "Upper Austria", "political Islam", "Arusha Convention", "early retirement", "prisoner", "EADI", "conflict of powers", "silviculture"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/250/EC: Council Decision of 11 March 2004 appointing a new member of the Commission\nCouncil Decision\nof 11 March 2004\nappointing a new member of the Commission\n(2004/250/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the second paragraph of Article 215 thereof,\nWhereas:\nOn 10 March 2004 Ms Anna DIAMANTOPOULOU resigned from her post as a member of the Commission. She should be replaced for the remainder of her term of office,\nMr Stavros DIMAS is hereby appointed a member of the Commission for the period from 11 March 2004 to 31 October 2004.\nThis Decision shall take effect on 11 March 2004.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["European Commission", "appointment of staff"], "distractor groups": ["forward studies", "apiculture", "European Central Bank", "Dillon Round", "South Holland", "metal waste", "toxicology", "information storage", "Videotex", "terminology", "European GNSS Agency", "tax relief", "diplomatic protocol"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "98/354/EC: Commission Decision of 19 May 1998 adopted pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 3286/94 concerning obstacles to trade represented by Japanese practices in respect of imports of leather (notified under document number C (1998) 1373)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 19 May 1998 adopted pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 3286/94 concerning obstacles to trade represented by Japanese practices in respect of imports of leather (notified under document number C (1998) 1373) (98/354/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 3286/94 of 22 December 1994 laying down Community procedures in the field of the common commercial policy in order to ensure the exercise of the Community's rights under international trade rules, in particular those established under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) (1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 356/95 (2), and in particular Articles 13 and 14 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) On 24 February 1997 the Commission received a complaint pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 3286/94, regarding Japanese practices in relation to trade in leather. The complaint was lodged by Cotance, the Confederation of National Associations of Tanners and Dressers of the European Union. The products concerned were leather in the piece of bovine or equine animals tanned and ready to finish and/or dyed, coloured, stamped or embossed, whether or not split and leather in the piece of ovine or caprine animals, tanned and dyed, coloured or embossed.\n(2) Cotance contended that it was almost impossible to export any such leather from the European Community to Japan on account of the combined effect of the following obstacles to trade: the way in which the tariff quotas for such leather was managed which, it was alleged, prevented their exhaustion, subsidisation of the Japanese leather industry and the restrictive business practices of Japanese importers and traders.\n(3) The complaint adduced sufficient evidence to justify initiating a procedure pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 3286/94. On 9 April 1997 the Commission therefore initiated an examination procedure (3) which resulted in its conducting an in-depth investigation, from the legal and factual standpoints, of the conditions under which leather is imported into Japan. On completion of that investigation, the Commission finds as follows:\nB. OBSTACLES TO TRADE\n(a) Management of the tariff quotas\n(4) In 1986 Japan established three tariff quotas for imports of finished leather in the piece of bovine or equine animals (first and second quotas) and of ovine or caprine animals (third quota), under which imports of the said products are subject to a reduced rate of duty. In 1997 this reduced rate stood at between 13,9 % and 18,5 % while the rate for non-quota imports was 48,8 %, i.e. clearly a deterrent level. Although the level of the three quotas, fixed each year by the Diet, is low, they are regularly under-utilised despite the very considerable interest of Community tanners in the Japanese market.\n(5) The Commission has established that management of the licensing system, under which goods may be imported under the tariff quotas, is extremely complex. The quantities allocated to traditional importers are calculated on the basis of their previous import operations and a flat-rate ceiling is fixed for new importers. This system would appear open to criticism in a number of respects.\n(6) In the first place, the quantity allocated to traditional importers is not increased - or is increased only to a very limited extent - from one year to the next and new importers are allocated only a very small quantity even though the quotas are not exhausted at the end of the year.\n(7) Secondly, licences are sometimes issued for quantities that are of no real economic interest and the very short period of validity of certain licences, issued at the end of the year, is not such as would enable them to be used to their optimum extent. The validity of unused licences may not be extended from one year to the next.\n(8) Thirdly, applications for licences under the 'general` quota, which accounts for 95 % of the total quota, must be submitted on one day only, at the beginning of the year. This requirement does not seem reasonable.\n(9) Lastly, certain features of the administration of the system, such as the criteria governing recognition as a traditional importer, tend to deter foreign companies from establishing an office in Japan in order to import leather directly, i.e. without resorting to the services of Japanese intermediaries.\n(10) The Commission concludes from the above that the system for issuing import licences under the three tariff quotas open for leather is more complex than necessary and is such as to constitute indirect protection for domestic leather in Japan.\n(11) On the basis of these considerations, the Commission finds that compliance of the system for issuing import licences with Article 1(6) and Article 3(5)(g), (h), (i) and (j) of the Agreement on import licensing procedures, annexed to the Marrakech Agreement Establishing the WTO, is open to challenge.\n(b) Subsidies\n(12) The Commission has also established that the Japanese Government has, for many years, granted substantial subsidies to improve the regions referred to as 'Dowa`. The budget earmarked for 1996 was JPY 126 000 million. These subsidies, which have not been notified to the WTO, may be regarded as specific in so far as they are granted only to certain enterprises established in territory under the jurisdiction of the Japanese Government and there is no neutral or horizontal criterion determining entitlement to them. The parts of Japanese territory where the said enterprises are located appear to be precisely those where the Japanese tanneries have traditionally been established.\n(13) There is also a programme of subsidies to the leather industry, notified by Japan under Article XVI of the 1994 GATT and Article 25 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, which totalled slightly more than JPY 300 million in 1996. Lastly, there is also a guarantee fund covering loans to the leather industries, which yields interest amounting to JPY 300 million per annum.\n(14) It appears that the total value of these different programmes is likely to reach the ad valorem threshold of 5 % of sales of leather finished in the Dowa regions, which entails a presumption of serious prejudice to Community interests pursuant to Articles 5 and 6 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, annexed to the Marrakech Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organisation. The Commission concludes that these subsidies are actionable pursuant to Article 7 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures on account of their effects on Community interests.\n(15) The conclusions of the Commission have been established on the basis of the facts available. In these circumstances, some further information might be necessary in order to confirm the analysis of adverse trade effects caused to the interests of the Community by the subsidies which have been identified. Where appropriate, this information will be obtained during the dispute settlement procedure through recourse to Annex V of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.\n(c) Business practices of Japanese importers\n(16) Restrictive business practices on the part of Japanese importers and traders have not been proven so that that obstacle to trade cannot be accepted as established.\nC. ADVERSE TRADE EFFECTS\n(17) The system for managing import licences under the tariff quotas is a source of uncertainty for exporters, who are unable to plan increases in their sales in Japan, and this uncertainty acts as a deterrent to making any real effort to penetrate the market. Furthermore, it increases considerably the Community tanneries' export costs which are, in any event, abnormally high.\n(18) The subsidies granted to the Japanese industry artificially maintain the competitiveness of Japanese tanners within a market that is already highly protected in other respects. This makes it even more difficult for Community tanners to penetrate the Japanese market.\n(19) The result is that Community exports of finished leather to Japan are lower than what may reasonably be expected in a market of this size. Only roughly 1,7 % of Community exports, in terms of volume or value, of the leather to which the complaint relates is intended for Japan. These difficulties in securing access to the Japanese market have significant adverse trade effects on a Community industry which is highly dependent on exports to the industrialised countries, the only markets in a position to purchase substantial quantities of luxury leather.\nD. THE COMMUNITY INTEREST\n(20) It is in the Community's interest to act on account of the abovementioned adverse trade effects suffered by tanners in a number of Member States.\n(21) Moreover, following the adoption in 1984 of the report of the GATT panel on the measures applied by Japan to imports of leather (4), the Community expected that Japan would bring about a genuine improvement in the conditions governing access to that market. In so far as that objective has not been fully attained, it appears in the Community's interest to act in order to rectify this situation.\nE. CONCLUSIONS AND MEASURES TO BE TAKEN\n(22) The investigation has established that the current Japanese arrangements do not make it possible to significantly increase Community exports of leather to Japan. A substantial improvement in the conditions governing access to this market would require that significant changes first be made to the system for managing licences and the subsidy programmes.\n(23) It is clear from the different replies received from the Japanese authorities that they have no intention of making the expected changes. In these circumstances, recourse to the dispute settlement procedures under the Marrakech Agreement Establishing the WTO constitutes the sole means whereby the Community can assert its rights.\n(24) The Commission will therefore request that Japan enter into international consultations under the WTO dispute settlement procedure pursuant to Article 6 of the Agreement on Import Licensing procedures and Articles 7 and 30 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures,\n1. Management of the three tariff quotas opened for imports of leather into Japan and the effects on Community interests of the subsidies granted to the Japanese leather industry by the Japanese Government constitute 'obstacles to trade` within the meaning of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 3286/94.\n2. The European Community takes action against Japan pursuant to the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and any other relevant provision of the Marrakech Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organisation with regard to the obstacles to trade identified in Article 1(1).\nThis Decision shall be applicable from the date of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities", "answer groups": ["Japan", "market protection", "trade regulations", "international trade", "export restriction", "leather"], "distractor groups": ["semi-manufactured goods", "direct applicability", "apartheid", "radioactivity", "crude oil", "suicide", "restriction of liberty", "revision of financial perspectives", "computer crime"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0451/2007 of 23 April 2007 terminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of hand pallet trucks and their essential parts originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n26.4.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 109/8\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 451/2007\nof 23 April 2007\nterminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of hand pallet trucks and their essential parts originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (\u2018the basic Regulation\u2019), and in particular Article 11(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Measures in force\n(1) Following an investigation (\u2018the original investigation\u2019), the Council, by Regulation (EC) No 1174/2005\u00a0(2), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of hand pallet trucks and their essential parts originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (\u2018PRC\u2019).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ex officio initiation of a review\n(2) On the basis of information at the Commission\u2019s disposal following certain changes after the original investigation in the structure of one Chinese exporting producer which was not granted market economy treatment in that investigation, namely Ningbo Ruyi Joint Stock Co., Ltd. (\u2018Ningbo Ruyi\u2019), it appeared that market economy conditions prevailed for this company. In effect, there was sufficient prima facie evidence suggesting that Ningbo Ruyi fulfilled the criteria of Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation. In this context, the circumstances on the basis of which the existing measures were established were considered to have changed and these changes seemed to be of a lasting nature.\n(3) Having determined, after consulting the Advisory Committee, that sufficient evidence existed for the initiation of a partial interim review pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation, the Commission published a notice (\u2018notice of initiation\u2019)\u00a0(3) and commenced an investigation on its own initiative, limited in scope to determine whether Ningbo Ruyi operates under market economy conditions and, if so, to determine whether its individual dumping margin and duty rate should be based on its own costs/domestic prices.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Parties concerned by the investigation\n(4) The Commission officially advised Ningbo Ruyi and its related importer Jungheinrich AG, as well as the representatives of the exporting country and the Community industry of the initiation of the review. Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing.\n(5) The Commission also sent a claim form for market economy treatment (\u2018MET\u2019) and a questionnaire to Ningbo Ruyi and received replies within the deadlines set for that purpose. The Commission sought all the information it deemed necessary for the determination of MET and dumping, analysed the information provided and carried out verification visits at the premises of the related companies:\n\u2014 Ningbo Ruyi Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Ninghai,\n\u2014 Ruyi Industries (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. (\u2018Ruyi Hong Kong\u2019), Hangzhou,\n\u2014 Jungheinrich Lift Trucks (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (\u2018Jungheinrich Shanghai\u2019), Shanghai.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Review investigation period\n(6) The investigation of dumping covered the period from 1 April 2005 to 31 March 2006 (\u2018review investigation period\u2019 or \u2018RIP\u2019).\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PRODUCT CONCERNED AND LIKE PRODUCT\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned\n(7) The definition of the product concerned corresponds to the one that was used in the original investigation mentioned under recital (1). The product concerned is hand pallet trucks (\u2018HPT\u2019), not self-propelled, used for the handling of materials normally placed on pallets, and their essential parts, i.e. chassis and hydraulics, originating in the PRC, currently classifiable within CN codes ex\u00a08427\u00a090\u00a000 and ex\u00a08431\u00a020\u00a000 (TARIC codes 8427900010 and 8431200010).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Like product\n(8) The current review has shown that the HPT produced in the PRC by Ningbo Ruyi and sold on the Chinese market have the same basic physical characteristics and the same uses as those exported to the Community. Therefore, these products are considered to be a like product within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation.\nC.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n(9) Pursuant to Article 2(7)(b) of the basic Regulation, in anti-dumping investigations concerning imports originating in the PRC, normal value shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 6 of the said Article for those producers which were found to meet the criteria laid down in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation, i.e. where it is shown that market economy conditions prevail in respect of the manufacture and sale of the like product. These criteria are set out in a summarised form below:\n\u2014 business decisions are made in response to market signals, without significant State interference, and costs reflect market values,\n\u2014 firms have one clear set of basic accounting records which are independently audited in line with international accounting standards (\u2018IAS\u2019) and are applied for all purposes,\n\u2014 no distortions carried over from the non-market economy system,\n\u2014 bankruptcy and property laws guarantee stability and legal certainty,\n\u2014 exchange rate conversions are carried out at market rates.\n(10) Ningbo Ruyi requested MET pursuant to Article 2(7)(b) of the basic Regulation. It is the Community\u2019s consistent practice to examine whether a group of related companies involved in the production and/or sale of the product concerned as a whole fulfils the conditions for MET. According to Ningbo Ruyi, there was only one such related company in the PRC \u2014 Jungheinrich Shanghai. Ningbo Ruyi replied to the MET claim form within the given deadline.\n(11) In the course of the investigation, the Community industry claimed that there seemed to be various companies related to Ningbo Ruyi which were not duly disclosed by the company in the information submitted to the Commission, including in the audited financial statements. According to the Community industry, the non-disclosure of related companies in financial statements is a breach of IAS 24 (Related Party Disclosures) and it requested the Commission to verify this issue.\n(12) It was found during the verification visits that there were related companies which were not disclosed in the audited financial statements (breach of IAS 24) or in the replies to the MET claim form and to the questionnaire. In this respect, it is worth noting that both the MET claim form and the questionnaire requested Ningbo Ruyi to describe its worldwide corporate structure and affiliations, including parent companies, subsidiaries or other related companies, whether or not involved in the production and/or sale of the product concerned. Furthermore, Ningbo Ruyi was requested to submit a MET claim form for each subsidiary or other related company in the PRC which was a producer and/or exporter of HPT and to provide details about all other related companies.\n(13) According to Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s Auditor\u2019s Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2005 (\u2018Report 2005\u2019) and the replies to the MET form and the questionnaire, Ningbo Ruyi only had three related companies in the RIP: Jungheinrich AG, Jungheinrich Shanghai and Ruyi Hong Kong. The investigation, however, showed that the Chinese shareholders of Ningbo Ruyi have also controlling shareholdings in Ningbo CFA Co., Ltd. (\u2018Ningbo CFA\u2019) and Ningbo Free Trade Zone Ruyi International Trading Co., Ltd. (\u2018NFTZ\u2019).\n(14) There are also other companies owned by relatives of the Chinese shareholders of Ningbo Ruyi: CFA Tools Co., Ltd. (\u2018CFA Tools\u2019), a company incorporated in Hong Kong, and Zhejiang Tianyou Import & Export Co., Ltd. (\u2018Tianyou\u2019).\n(15) All the abovementioned companies not disclosed by Ningbo Ruyi are thus related to Ningbo Ruyi for the purposes of the current review. Three of them were traders of HPT in the RIP and all have a business licence allowing them to trade HPT. They seem to have exported mainly to countries outside the Community. At least three quarters of the sales volumes reported by Ningbo Ruyi as domestic sales were in fact export sales channelled through non-disclosed domestic related customers and unrelated customers.\n(16) Finally, the nature of the transactions between Ningbo Ruyi and Ningbo Jinmao Import & Export Co., Ltd. (\u2018Ningbo Jinmao\u2019), which was reported as a related company in the original investigation (Ningbo Ruyi sold its shareholding in November 2003), is an indication that the two companies still have close links in the HPT business. Ningbo Jinmao bought more than half of the HPT reported by Ningbo Ruyi as domestic sales in the RIP and then resold a significant quantity to NFTZ, which exported them. NFTZ did not buy any HPT directly from Ningbo Ruyi. The fact that Ningbo Jinmao is one of Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s main customers and sells a large quantity of its purchases to NFTZ shows that Ningbo Ruyi knew or should have known that most sales to Ningbo Jinmao could not be domestic sales as NFTZ, a related company, was exporting the products bought by Ningbo Jinmao.\n(17) Some time after the on-the-spot verification visit, Ningbo Ruyi submitted some new information concerning the MET status of certain of these non-disclosed related companies arguing that a MET determination for the whole group could still be made. This was on the grounds that the non-disclosure was not intentional and because the involvement of these related parties with sales of the product under investigation was not significant. For the same reasons, Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s partner, Jungheinrich AG, also argued that this new information should be considered and MET granted.\n(18) Whether or not there was any intent to impede the investigation by the timely non-disclosure of related parties, the fact is that questionnaire responses were substantially incomplete to a degree which made it impossible to verify the existence or otherwise of market economy conditions for the Ningbo Ruyi group during the verification visits which were carried out in the PRC. With no verification visits possible at the premises of the non-disclosed related parties, the extent to which the Ningbo Ruyi group was involved with HPT can only remain a matter of conjecture.\n(19) In any event, Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s failure to disclose in its financial statements all its related parties is a breach of IAS 24. The objective of IAS 24 is to ensure that an entity\u2019s financial statements contain the disclosures necessary to draw attention to the possibility that its financial position and profit or loss may have been affected by the existence of related parties and by transactions and outstanding balances with such parties. In the framework of an anti-dumping investigation, such disclosure is necessary to allow the institutions to examine whether a group of related companies as a whole fulfils the conditions for MET.\n(20) The breach of IAS 24 shows that the audit of Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s financial statements was not carried out in accordance with IAS and casts doubts on the reliability of Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s accounts. This would lead to the failure of Ningbo Ruyi to meet the second criterion laid down in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation.\n(21) Although the provisions of Article 18 of the basic Regulation concerning non-cooperation could apply in this review, it is noted that the Commission initiated this review on its own initiative because it had prima facie evidence that market economy conditions prevailed for Ningbo Ruyi, something that Ningbo Ruyi subsequently failed to demonstrate. Consequently, it is considered that there is no need to invoke Article 18 of the basic Regulation, but suffices to terminate the review and maintain the existing measure in force.\nD.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0TERMINATION OF THE REVIEW\n(22) In the light of the results of the investigation, the review should be terminated without amending the level of the duty applicable to Ningbo Ruyi, which should be maintained at the level of the definitive anti-dumping duty rate established in the original investigation, i.e. 28,5\u00a0%.\nE.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DISCLOSURE\n(23) Interested parties were informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to terminate the present review and to maintain the existing anti-dumping duty on imports of HPT produced by Ningbo Ruyi. All parties were given an opportunity to comment. The comments received were not of a nature to change the conclusions.\n(24) Following disclosure, the Community industry claimed that the non-cooperation provisions of the basic Regulation (Article 18) should be applied and Ningbo Ruyi should be penalised with the 46,7\u00a0% residual duty as a non-cooperating exporting producer.\n(25) Jungheinrich AG and Ningbo Ruyi considered that Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s failure to disclose all its related companies was minor and unintentional and had no impact on Ningbo Ruyi\u2019s financial situation. Therefore, Ningbo Ruyi should be granted MET or at least a revised lower individual duty rate.\n(26) The failure to disclose all related companies, in particular since three out of the four non-disclosed related companies were involved in HPT business and the other one has a business licence that allows it to trade HPT, cannot be considered minor because it did not allow a determination of whether it has been shown that all MET criteria are met (and not only the second criterion concerning accounting) for all companies, in line with the Community\u2019s standard practice. Furthermore, whether the failure to disclose all these related companies was unintentional is irrelevant. The uncontested fact is that these related companies were not even disclosed in the financial statements of Ningbo Ruyi and this by itself showed that at least the second criterion of Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation was not met. Consequently, the claim that the failure to disclose these related companies was minor, unintentional and without any impact cannot be accepted.\n(27) Finally, as set out in recital (3), this review is limited in scope to determine whether Ningbo Ruyi operates under market economy conditions and, only if MET had been granted to Ningbo Ruyi, would a new dumping margin be calculated. Thus, since MET is not granted, no new dumping margin, higher or lower than the existing one, can be established for Ningbo Ruyi through this review.\n(28) This review should therefore be terminated without any amendment to Regulation (EC) No 1174/2005,\nThe partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of hand pallet trucks and their essential parts originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China, initiated pursuant to Article 11(3) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96, is hereby terminated without amending the anti-dumping measures in force.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["originating product", "anti-dumping legislation", "hoisting equipment", "China", "anti-dumping duty", "import"], "distractor groups": ["bilateral agreement", "free movement of goods", "industrial secret", "data protection", "metalwork", "comic book", "regional language", "quantitative analysis", "fishing net"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision 2004/790/CFSP of 22 November 2004 extending and amending Decision 2003/276/CFSP implementing Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP with a view to a European Union contribution to the destruction of ammunition for small arms and light weapons in Albania\n24.11.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 348/45\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2004/790/CFSP\nof 22 November 2004\nextending and amending Decision 2003/276/CFSP implementing Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP with a view to a European Union contribution to the destruction of ammunition for small arms and light weapons in Albania\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 23(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP of 12 July 2002 on the European Union's contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 14 April 2003 the Council adopted Decision 2003/276/CFSP concerning a European Union contribution to the destruction of ammunition for small arms and light weapons in Albania\u00a0(2), which was aimed at implementing Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP and which made available EUR\u00a0820\u00a0000 for this purpose.\n(2) Some objectives could not be fulfilled by 31 October 2004, the date on which Council Decision 2003/276/CFSP expires, and others should be consolidated and expanded after that date. The project in question is a multi-annual project lasting four years.\n(3) Decision 2003/276/CFSP should therefore be extended and amended,\nDecision 2003/276/CFSP is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Article 2(1), the financial reference amount \u2018EUR\u00a0820\u00a0000\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018EUR\u00a01\u00a0320\u00a0000\u2019.\n2. In Article 4(1) the second sentence shall be replaced by \u2018It shall expire on 31 December 2005\u2019.\nThis Decision shall take effect on 1 November 2004.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["financial aid", "EU aid", "Albania", "weapons' destruction", "firearms and munitions"], "distractor groups": ["veterinary drug", "ethics", "donation", "Caras-Severin", "Kosovo question", "plant resources", "marketing", "flour milling", "European official", "bookshop"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "93/118/ECSC: Commission Decision of 14 December 1992 authorizing a joint- selling and specialization agreement for beams between Empresa Nacional Sider\u00fargica SA and the Aristrain group (Only the Spanish text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 14 December 1992 authorizing a joint-selling and specialization agreement for beams beween Empresa Nacional Sider\u00fargica SA and the Aristrain group (Only the Spanish text is authentic)\n(93/118/ECSC)THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, and in particular Article 65 (2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the application made on 14 July 1992 for authorization to implement a joint-selling and specialization agreement in respect of beams,\nWhereas:\nI. THE PARTIES (1) Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Aristrain-Madrid, SA and Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Aristrain, SA (hereinafter referred to jointly as the Aristrain group) are two firms wholly owned by the Aristrain family. They are chiefly engaged in the production of ECSC products.\n(2) In 1991 the Aristrain group achieved a worldwide turnover of some ECU [ . . . ] (1) million.\n(3) In addition to the two firms mentioned above, the Aristrain family controls Altos Hornos de Bergara SA and Rico y Echevarr\u00eda SA, two manufacturers of steel products, as well as distribution companies throughout the Community.\n(4) Empresa Nacional Sider\u00fargica SA (Ensidesa) is controlled by the Corporaci\u00f3n de la Siderurgia Integral (CSI). Ensidesa is essentially engaged in the production and distribution of ECSC products. In addition to Ensidesa, CSI controls Altos Hornos de Vizcaya SA, Siderurgia del Mediterr\u00e1neo SA and Galvanizaciones del Mediterr\u00e1neo SA, which manufacture steel products, as well as other processing and distribution companies in the Community.\nII. DESCRIPTION OF THE TRANSACTION (5) The Aristrain group and Ensidesa propose to cooperate in the sale (joint-selling) of beams of over 140 mm. The cooperation involves the setting-up of a joint venture.\n(6) The agreement is the result of the parties' plan to rationalize their beam-production activities and could, in the future, cover other products currently manufactured by both parties.\n(7) The transaction in question will be followed by other stages involving the pooling and definitive integration of the industrial and commercial resources relating to the products concerned and possibly to other products. The purpose of the joint venture is to implement the specialization and joint-selling agreement for beams. Aristrain will appoint the person responsible for managing the joint venture.\n(8) The joint venture will have the following functions: it will be responsible for the exclusive marketing of all the products covered by the agreement and manufactured by the two parties; it will centralize orders and see to the programming of production, stocks and distribution.\n(9) In addition to joint selling, the agreement also provides for specialization of the plants so that the so-called 'small' range will be produced at Olaberr\u00eda and Bergara (Aristrain group), the 'medium' range at Madrid (Aristrain group), the 'medium-top' range at Madrid or Gij\u00f3n (Ensidesa), depending on the geographical proximity of the customer, and the 'top' range at Gij\u00f3n.\nThe agreement provides for studies on the following subjects in the beams sector:\n- market and price forecasts,\n- distribution costs and analysis of commercial networks,\n- production costs per plant,\n- rationalization and industrial integration,\n- investment plans of each party and the possibility of drawing up a common strategic plan,\n- evaluation of plants and goodwill.\nIII. RESULT OF THE TRANSACTION (10) Initially, the enterprise controlled jointly by the Aristrain group and Ensidesa will simply provide the practical framework for implementing the joint-selling agreement, which will be accompanied by joint programming of production. The resulting industrial integration and concentration of the two firms' production of beams will depend on the success of the business cooperation and on the results of the studies carried out by both firms. The setting-up of the joint venture is therefore a transitional, secondary measure and will need to be examined under Article 66 only if the objectives of the agreement are achieved. The joint-selling and specialization agreement for beams must be examined under Article 65 of the ECSC Treaty.\nIV. THE RELEVANT MARKET (11) Although the two firms are engaged in manufacturing only in Spain, they sell most of their production in the Community. Certain Member States consume the products in question but do not produce them. The relevant geographical market is therefore the Community, as evidenced in particular by the intra-Community trade in beams. Community firms delivered some 6,2 million tonnes of beams in the Community in 1991, of which over 43 % were delivered outside the Member State in which they were produced. It should also be noted that deliveries outside the Community totalled 1,9 million tonnes in 1991, equivalent to 23,2 % of total deliveries by Community firms.\n(12) Although the sections concerned by the joint-selling agreement are over 140 mm in height, the specialization will affect the production of smaller beams as Ensidesa will stop producing them ant the mill which the Aristrain group plans to close down produces this type of beam. The relevant product market is therefore the market for beams, whichare used almost exclusively in the building industry.\n(13) The Ensidesa mill also produces rails and other railway-track material; although the agreement does not directly concern these products, it will affect them if only because of the rationalization of production at the different plants. However, in view of the small quantity of such products manufactured by Ensidesa (some [ . . . ] tonnes in 1991, or [ . . . ] % of the Community total), the slights variations in production that improved plant utilization could entail and the fact that these products form a separate market (as regards use, customers, prices, marketing outlets, etc.), it is unlikely that competition will be affected. The Aristrain group does not produce rails.\nV. MARKET SHARES (14) In 1991 Ensidesa and the Aristrain group produced [ . . . ] tonnes ([ . . . ] % of Community production) of beams respectively. Sales by both groups in the Community accounted for 14,5 % of apparent consumption in the Community.\n(15) The agreement in question thus relates to a total production of 1 173 000 tonnes, or 14,3 % of Community output.\n(16) Imports of beams into the Community in 1991 were 536 000 tonnes, accounting for 8,0 % of apparent Community consumption.\nVI. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 65 OF THE ECSC TREATY (17) Ensidesa and the Aristrain group produce and distribute ECSC products and constitute undertakings within the meaning of Article 80 of the ECSC Treaty.\n(18) The joint-selling and specialization agreement for beams restricts normal competition between the Aristrain group and Ensidesa since the two parties:\n(a) agree to coordinate their pricing policies and to give exclusive sales rights to a jointly owned subsidiary;\n(b) agree to programme their production jointly;\n(c) will mutually cease manufacturing certain types of beam which will be manufactured by the order party to the agreement.\nUnder such conditions, the agreement is caught by the prohibition in principle set out in Article 65 (1) of the ECSC Treaty.\n(19) Article 65 (2), however, empowers the Commission to authorize joint-selling and specialization agreements or agreements that are strictly analogous in nature and effect if it is satisfied that they meet the requirements of that Article.\n(20) The agreement to which this Decision relates is a joint-selling and specialization agreement or strictly analogous thereto.\n(21) The agreement may therefore be authorized under Article 65 (2), but only if it:\n- makes for a substantial improvement in the production or distribution of the products in question,\n- is essential in order to achieve these results and is not more restrictive than is necessary for that purpose, and\n- is not liable to give the undertakings concerned the power to determine the prices, or to control or restrict the production or marketing, of a substantial part of the products in question within the common market, or to shield them against effective competition from other undertakings within the common market.\n(22) On the question of whether the agreement makes for a substantial improvement in the production or distribution of the products in question, it is fair to say that, generally speaking, rationalizing production and marketing will greatly improve plant utilization and efficiency, cut production and transport costs, introduce qualitative improvements and reduce delivery times, with benefits both to the contracting parties and to consumers.\n(23) Rationalization, by specifically allocating sections to the various mills concerned, will in itself reduce current average costs by some [ . . . ] %. The two groups produced some 1,2 million tonnes of beams in 1991 at five mills spread over four production sites. As a result, 86 % of the sections sold by the Aristrain group and Ensidesa are currently produced by the two firms.\n(24) Ensidesa has already closed down one rolling mill; the Aristrain group plans to shut down the [ . . . ]. The immediate effect of these closures is and will be to increase the utilization rate of the parties' other plants.\n(25) Rationalization will at the same time enable product quality to be improved by allowing the plants to operate on a more regular basis. The amount of idle time due to roll changes will be reduced.\n(26) Transport costs will be reduced by choosing the most appropriate production site in relation to delivery point. The cut will represent over one third of the expected gain from rationalization. Rationalization of the commercial networks forms part of such a policy.\n(27) The scale effect resulting from joint selling will also enable stock levels and related costs to be reduced.\n(28) The foregoing examples thus show that the agreement submitted for authorization will make for a substantial improvement in the production and distribution of the products concerned and that it therefore satisfies the tests of Article 65 (2) (a) of the ECSC Treaty.\n(29) Joint selling, joint programming of production, specialization of the rolling mills, the transfer of production and the studies to be carried out with a view to concentrating the 'beam' activities of the parties are interdependent and connected. Operating in isolation, the firms concerned could not obtain the production and distribution improvements or, in any event, the same level of improvement. The agreement in question is therefore essential to achieving the desired improvement in production and distribution and is not more restrictive than is necessary for that purpose. As a result, it meets the criteria of Article 65 (2) (b) of the ECSC Treaty.\n(30) In order to determine whether an agreement for which authorization is requested satisfies the requirements of Article 65 (2) (c), it is necessary to consider the size of the firms concerned and the extent of the competition facing them.\n(31) It would seem that the Aristrain group ([ . . . ] %) and Ensidesa ([ . . . ] %) jointly account for 14,3 % of Community production and rank third among Community producers. The nine leading groups of producers (including Aristrain and Ensidesa) account for 84,6 % of Community production.\n(32) It can therefore be concluded that, whilst the agreement between the Aristrain group and Ensidesa gives them an important position in the Community with regard to the products in question, the other producers in the sector, together with imports which currently account for some 8,6 % of apparent consumption, will ensure the maintenance of effective competition.\n(33) Accordingly, the Agreement is not liable to give the firms concerned the power to determine the prices, or to control or restrict the production or marketing, of a substantial part of the products in question within the common market, or to shield them against effective competition from other undertakings within the common market. The agreement therefore satisfies the tests of Article 65 (2) (c) of the ECSC Treaty.\n(34) The operation will be of benefit only if it results in the necessary restructuring and modernization measures and if it is accompanied by the appropriate investments. It is only under these conditions that the restrictions can be exceptionally authorized.\n(35) The parties must inform the Commission of any plans to amend or add to the agreement. It therefore needs to be stipulated that such amendments or additions to the agreement may not be implemented until the Commission has decided that they are admissible or has authorized them pursuant to Article 65 (2).\n(36) By limiting the period of validity of the authorization, it must also be ensured that the parties concerned attain their objectives rapidly. In view of the process of industrial reorganization that Ensidesa is undergoing as part of the new industrial configuration of the integrated steel industry in Spain and given the complexity of the studies to be carried out, the authorization should be granted for a period ending on 31 December 1994.\n(37) The agreement submitted for authorization complies with Article 65 (2) of the ECSC Treaty and may therefore be authorized,\nThe joint-selling and specialization agreement for beams between the Aristrain group and Ensidesa, which involves the setting-up of a company, is hereby authorized pursuant to Article 65.\nThe firms concerned shall notify the Commission of any plans to amend or add to the agreement.\nAmendments or additions may not be implemented until the Commission has determined that they comply with the authorization granted in this Decision or has authorized them pursuant to Article 65 (2).\nThis Decision shall be applicable until 31 December 1994.\nThis Decision is addressed to Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Aristrain SA and Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Aristrain-Madrid SA, Apartado 148, E-28080 Madrid and to Empresa Nacional Sider\u00fargica SA, Plaza de Am\u00e9rica 10, E-3305 Oviedo (Asturias)", "answer groups": ["specialisation agreement", "consortium", "section", "Spain", "inter-company agreement"], "distractor groups": ["on line data service", "the EU's international role", "defoliation", "enlargement of the Union", "medium-sized holding", "intra-company collective agreement", "civil proceedings", "special education", "28 SOCIAL QUESTIONS", "peat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0556/2008 of 16\u00a0June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a02505/96 opening and providing for the administration of autonomous Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and industrial products\n19.6.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 160/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 556/2008\nof 16 June 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 opening and providing for the administration of autonomous Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and industrial products\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 26 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 20 December 1996 the Council adopted Regulation (EC) No 2505/96\u00a0(1). Community demand for the products to which that Regulation applies should be met under the most favourable conditions. For that purpose, with effect from 1 July 2008 new Community tariff quotas should be opened at zero rates of duty for appropriate amounts and any disturbance of the markets for those products should be avoided.\n(2) The quota amounts for five autonomous Community tariff quotas are insufficient to meet the needs of the Community industry. Consequently, those quota amounts should be increased.\n(3) Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) Having regard to the economic importance of this Regulation, it is necessary to rely on the grounds of urgency provided for in point 1.3 of the Protocol on the role of national parliaments in the European Union annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities.\n(5) Since the tariff quotas have to take effect from 1 July 2008, this Regulation should apply from the same date and enter into force immediately,\nAnnex I to Regulation (EC) No 2505/96 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. the tariff quotas for the products listed in Annex I to this Regulation shall be inserted;\n2. the rows for the tariff quotas with order numbers 09.2975, 09.2603, 09.2935, 09.2814 and 09.2620 shall be replaced by the rows in Annex II to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["industrial product", "tariff quota", "agricultural product", "chemical product"], "distractor groups": ["central bank", "freshwater fishing", "technical rule", "Euro-Arab cooperation", "legislative drafting", "subsidised housing", "fire protection", "irradiated fuel", "insider trading", "legal process", "product life"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1924/2000 of 11 September 2000 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 as regards the grant of specific recognition to producers' organisations in the fisheries sector in order to improve the quality of their products\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1924/2000\nof 11 September 2000\nlaying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 as regards the grant of specific recognition to producers' organisations in the fisheries sector in order to improve the quality of their products\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 of 17 December 1999 on the common organisation of the market in fishery and aquaculture products(1), and in particular Article 12(5) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 104/2000, which repealed Council Regulations (EEC) No 3759/92(2) and (EEC) No 1772/82(3) with effect from 1 January 2001, provides that specific recognition may be granted to producers' organisations which implement a plan to improve the quality of their products. The conditions concerning specific recognition set out in that Regulation have been modified from the previous legal framework and so it is appropriate to enact detailed rules and to repeal the existing Regulation on this subject, namely Commission Regulation (EC) No 2636/95(4).\n(2) It is necessary to define the products from aquaculture, which benefit from the plan to improve quality.\n(3) The information to be provided by the producers' organisations and certain aspects of the procedure for a decision to grant, withdrawal or refuse recognition by the Member should be laid down.\n(4) The conditions for withdrawing or refusing specific recognition need to be laid down.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Fishery Products,\nThe aquaculture products referred to in Article 12(1) of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 shall be those products defined by Annex III, paragraph 2(2)(a), to Council Regulation (EC) No 2792/1999(5).\nProducers' organisations which seek specific recognition shall forward to the competent authorities in the Member State the following information:\n1. a list of the products marketed by them or by their members in accordance with the common rules laid down by the organisation and which are subject to a plan to improve their quality;\n2. details of the plan to improve the quality of those products; the plan shall include as a minimum the following details:\n- a reminder of the objectives targeted by the plan as outlined in the first two indents of Article 12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000,\n- a description of the measures that will be implemented at each stage of production and marketing,\n- a summary of the preparatory studies emphasising notably the existing standard of quality of the products in question, the deficiencies of the present system and the proposed methods to improve these deficiencies. These methods shall include training and the application of appropriate techniques and know-how;\n3. a permanent system of evaluation and monitoring for ensuring that the plan meets the objectives sought;\n4. the forecast budget for implementing the plan over three years.\n1. Within 30 days following receipt of a plan submitted by a producers' organisation the Member State shall forward to the Commission a full copy thereof.\n2. Where the Commission rejects the plan within the period specified in Article 12(3) of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000, the Member State cannot grant specific recognition to the producers' organisation which submitted the plan. Where the Commission requests changes to a plan, the Member State concerned may approve the plan and grant specific recognition provided that the changes requested have been made.\n3. The Member State shall notify the producers' organisation of its decision in writing not later than 30 days after the expiry of the period specified in Article 12(3) of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000. Where specific recognition is refused, reasons shall be given for the Member State's decision.\n4. Where it is planned to withdraw specific recognition, that intention together with the reasons for the withdrawal shall be notified by the Member State to the producers' organisation at least two weeks prior to such withdrawal.\n5. Member States shall inform the Commission within two months of any decision to grant, withdraw or refuse specific recognition and the reasons for any withdrawal or refusal.\n1. Withdrawal by a Member State of recognition from a producers' organisation pursuant to Article 6(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000 shall also entail the withdrawal of any specific recognition that has been granted to that producers' organisation.\n2. Member States may refuse or withdraw specific recognition under the following cases:\n(a) where a producers' organisation fails to forward to the Member State the information required for monitoring its activities; or\n(b) where a producers' organisation fails to fulfil its obligations under this Regulation or Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 104/2000.\n3. Specific recognition shall be immediately withdrawn with retroactive effect where the organisation to which it has been granted has used it or benefits from it fraudulently. In such cases, any aid granted under Article 15(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 2792/1999 shall be recovered by the Member State.\nRegulation (EC) No 2636/95 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2001.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["producer group", "common organisation of markets", "aquaculture", "fishery product", "product quality"], "distractor groups": ["nomadism", "EU Council Presidency", "electrochemistry", "negotiation of an agreement (EU)", "WAEMU countries", "independent retailer", "Romania", "Burgas region", "market protection", "world market price"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0209/2007 of 27 February 2007 amending Regulation (EEC) No\u00a03149/92 laying down detailed rules for the supply of food from intervention stocks for the benefit of the most deprived persons in the Community\n28.2.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 61/21\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 209/2007\nof 27 February 2007\namending Regulation (EEC) No 3149/92 laying down detailed rules for the supply of food from intervention stocks for the benefit of the most deprived persons in the Community\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3730/87 of 10 December 1987 laying down the general rules for the supply of food from intervention stocks to designated organisations for distribution to the most deprived persons in the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Following the enlargement of the Community on 1 January 1995 and 1 May 2004, Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3149/92\u00a0(2) was not adapted to include entries in the languages of the new Member States joining the Community on those dates. Entries in the languages concerned should be added.\n(2) In order to ensure consistency with Commission Regulation (EC) No 208/2007\u00a0(3), which adapts Regulation (EEC) No 3149/92 following the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union, this Regulation should apply from 1 January 2007.\n(3) Regulation (EEC) No 3149/92 should therefore be amended.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nRegulation (EEC) No 3149/92 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. The third subparagraph of Article 7(5) is replaced by the following:\n2. The text given in the Annex hereto is added as an Annex.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["EU aid", "food aid", "foodstuff", "intervention stock", "voluntary organisation", "aid to disadvantaged groups"], "distractor groups": ["election programme", "regulation", "CEFTA countries", "political institution", "hydroelectric development", "water protection", "land productivity", "building subsidy", "export subsidy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 1393/86 of 6 May 1986 opening, allocating and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas for certain cod and fillets of cod falling within subheadings ex 03.02 A I b) and 03.02 A II a) of the Common Customs Tariff and originating in Norway\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 1393/86\nof 6 May 1986\nopening, allocating and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas for certain cod and fillets of cod falling within subheadings ex 03.02 A I b) and 03.02 A II a) of the Common Customs Tariff and originating in Norway\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to the Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas an Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Kingdom of Norway was concluded on 14 May 1973; whereas, following the accession of Spain and Portugal to the Community, a supplementary protocol is to be signed in the near future; whereas, pending the entry into force of this protocol, the Council, by Regulation (EEC) No 573/86 (1), laid down the trade arrangements for certain fishery products with Norway consequent upon these accessions;\nWhereas Regulation (EEC) No 573/86 provides for the opening, to run from 1 March 1986, of Community tariff quotas at a reduced rate of duty or duty-free for certain cod and fillets of cod originating in Norway; whereas therefore the tariff quotas in question should be opened for the period 1 March to 31 December 1986; whereas, in the absence of a pro rata temporis clause, the proposed annual quota volumes should be opened for the period under consideration;\nWhereas equal and continuous access to the quotas should be ensured for all importers and the rates for the said quotas should be applied without interruption to all imports until the quotas are used up; whereas, in the light of the priciples outlined above, a Community tariff quota system based on an allocation between the Member States would seem to preserve the Community nature of the quotas; whereas, to reflect as closely as possible the actual development of the market in the products in question, the allocation should be in proportion to the requirements of the Member States, calculated both from statistics of imports from Norway during a representative reference period and according to the economic outlook for the quota year in question;\nWhereas, during the last two years for which statistics are available, average imports into each of the Member States were as follows:\n(in tonnes)\n1.2.3.4 // // // // // // ex 03.02 A I b) (NIMEXE code 03.02-12) // ex 03.02 A I b) NIMEXE code 03.02-13) // 03.02 A II a) (NIMEXE code 03.02-22) // // // // // Benelux // 455 // 1 // 0 // Denmark // 3 // 540 // 42 // Germany // 586 // 1 // 8 // Spain // 0 // 839 // 20 // Greece // 365 // 190 // 0 // France // 3 684 // 1 271 // 44 // Ireland // 0 // 0 // 0 // Italy // 4 956 // 2 112 // 4 670 // Portugal // 9 727 // 5 034 // 0 // United Kingdom // 3 // 8 // 0 // // // // // // 19 779 // 9 996 // 4 785 // // // //\nWhereas, during the last two years under consideration, the products in question were imported only by certain Member States and not at all by the other Member States; whereas, under these circumstances, initial shares should be allocated to the importing Member States and the other Member States should be guaranteed access to the benefit of the tariff quotas upon imports into those States of the products concerned being notified; whereas these arrangements for allocation will equally ensure the uniform application of the Common Customs Tariff;\nWhereas in taking into account these factors and the allocation which was applied in the 25 000 tonnes tariff quota which was opened for some of these products by Regulation (EEC) No 3544/85 (1), initial percentage shares in the quota volumes can be set approximately as follows:\n1.2.3.4 // // // // // // ex 03.02 A I b) (NIMEXE code 03.02-12) // ex 03.02 A I b) (NIMEXE code 03.02-13) // 03.02 A II a) (NIMEXE code 03.02-22) // // // // // Benelux // 0,94 // - // - // Denmark // - // 4,32 // 0,88 // Germany // 1,21 // - // 0,17 // Spain // - // 9,55 // 0,42 // Greece // 0,76 // 1,53 // - // France // 7,62 // 10,18 // 0,92 // Ireland // - // - // - // Italy // 10,25 // 16,91 // 97,61 // Portugal // 79,22 // 57,44 // - // United Kingdom // - // 0,07 // - // // // //\nWhereas, in order to take into account import trends for the products concerned in the various Member States, each quota should be divided into two instalments, the first being shared among certain Member States and the second constituting a reserve to cover the subsequent requirements of these Member States where they have used up their initial shares and any additional requirements which might arise in the other Member States; whereas, in order to give importers in each Member State a certain degree of security, it is appropriate to fix the first instalment of the Community quotas at a level which, in the circumstances, could be 85 % and 80 % respectively of each of the quota volume;\nWhereas, the Member States' initial shares may be used up at different times; whereas, in order to take this fact into account and avoid any break in continuity, any Member State which has almost used up its initial quota shares should draw an additional share from the corresponding reserve; whereas this must be done by each Member State as and when each of its additional shares is almost used up, and repeated as many times as the reserve allows; whereas the initial and additional shares must be valid until the end of the quota period; whereas this method of administration requires close cooperation between the Member States and the Commission and the latter must be in a position to monitor the extent to which the quota amounts have been used up and to inform Member States thereof;\nWhereas, if at a given date in the quota period, a substantial quantity remains unused in any Member State, it is essential that that Member State should return a significant proportion to the corresponding reserve to prevent a part of any Community tariff quota from remaining unused in one Member State when it could be used in others;\nWhereas, since the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg are united within and jointly represented by the Benelux Economic Union, any operation relating to the administration of the quota shares allocated to that economic union may be carried out by any of its members,\n1. Until 31 December 1986 the Common Customs Tariff duties on the following products, originating in Norway, shall be totally suspended within the limits of the Community tariff quotas shown against each one of them:\n1.2.3 // // // // CCT heading No // Description // Quota volume in tonnes // 03.02 // Fish, dried, salted or in brine; smoked fish, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process: // // // A. Dried, salted or in brine // // // I. Whole, headless or in pieces: // // // ex b) Cod (Gadus morhua, Boreogadus saida, Gadus ogac) // // // - Dried and salted // 13 250 // // - Wet, salted or in brine // 10 000 // // II. Filets: // // // a) Of Cod (Gadus morhua, Boreogadus saida, Gadus ogac)\n(1) OJ No L 338, 17. 12. 1985, p. 8.\n2. Within the limits of these tariff quotas, the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic shall apply the following duties:\n1.2.3 // // // // CCT heading No // Spain // Portugal // // // // ex 03.02 A I b) // 6 % // 0 % // 03.01 A II a) // 6 % // 0 % // // //\n3. Imports of the products in question shall not benefit from the quotas referred to in paragraph 1 unless the free-at-frontier price, which is determined by the Member States according to Article 21 of Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81, is at least equal to the reference price if such a price has been fixed by the Community for the product under consideration.\n4. The Protocol on the definition of the concept of originating products and on methods of administrative cooperation, annexed to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Kingdom of Norway, shall be applicable.\n1. The tariff quotas laid down in Article 1 (1) shall be divided into two instalments.\n2. A first instalment of each quota shall be allocated among certain Member States; the shares which, subject to Article 5, shall be valid until 31 December 1986, shall be as follows:\n(in tonnes)\n1.2.3.4 // // // // // // ex 03.02 A I b) (NIMEXE code 03.02-12) // ex 03.02 A I b) (NIMEXE code 03.02-13) // 03.02 A II a) (NIMEXE code 03.02-22) // // // // // Benelux // 106 // - // - // Denmark // - // 367 // 21 // Germany // 136 // - // 4 // Spain // - // 812 // 10 // Greece // 85 // 130 // - // France // 857 // 865 // 22 // Ireland // - // - // - // Italy // 1 153 // 1 437 // 2 343 // Portugal // 8 913 // 4 883 // - // United Kingdom // - // 6 // - // // // // // // 11 250 // 8 500 // 2 400 // // // //\n3. The second instalment of each quota, being respectively 2 000, 1 500 and 600 tonnes, shall constitute the corresponding reserve.\n4. If an importer notifies the imminent import of the products in question into a Member State that does not participate in the initial allocation and if such importer requests the benefit of the quota, the Member State concerned shall inform the Commission and draw an amount corresponding to these requirements to the extent that the available balance of the reserve so permits.\n1. If 90 % or more of a Member State's initial share as specified in Article 2 (2), or 90 % of that share minus the portion returned to the corresponding reserve where Article 5 has been applied, has been used up, then to the extent permitted by the amount of the reserve, that Member State shall forthwith, by notifying the Commission, draw a second share equal to 10 % of its initial share, rounded up where necessary to the next unit.\n2. If, after one of its initial shares has been used up, 90 % or more of the second share drawn by a Member State has been used up, then that Member State shall, in accordance with the conditions laid down in paragraph 1, draw a third share equal to 5 % of its initial share, rounded up where necessary to the next unit.\n3. If, after one of its second shares has been used up, 90 % or more of the third share drawn by a Member State has been used up, that Member State shall, in accordance with the conditions laid down in paragraph 1, draw a fourth share equal to the third.\nThis process shall continue until each of the reserves is used up.\n4. By way of derogation from paragraphs 1, 2, and 3, a Member State may draw shares smaller than those fixed in those paragraphs if there is reason to believe that they might not be used up. It shall inform the Commission of its reasons for applying this paragraph.\nThe additional shares drawn pursuant to Article 3 shall be valid until 31 December 1986.\nThe Member States shall return to the reserve, not later than 15 November 1986, such unused portion of their initial share as, on 1 November 1986 is in excess of 20 % of the initial volume. They may return a larger quantity if there are grounds for believing that this quantity may not be used.\nThe Member States shall notify the Commission, not later that 15 November 1986 of the total quantities of the products in question imported up to 1 November 1986 and charged against the tariff quota and of any quantity of the initial shares returned to the reserve.\nThe Commission shall keep an account of the shares opened by the Member States pursuant to Articles 2 and 3 and, as soon as it is notified, shall inform each State of the extent to which the reserves have been used up. It shall inform the Member States, not later than 20 November 1986 of the amount in each reserve after quantities have been returned thereto pursuant to Article 5.\nIt shall ensure that the drawing which exhausts any reserve does not exceed the balance available and, to this end, shall notify the amount of that balance to the Member State making the last drawing.\n1. The Member States shall take every measure necessary to ensure that additional shares drawn pursuant to Article 3 are opened in such a way that imports may be charged without interruption against their accumulated shares of the tariff quota.\n2. The Member States shall ensure that importers of the products in question have free access to the shares allocated to them.\n3. Member States shall charge imports of the products in question against their shares as and when the products are entered with the customs authorities for free circulation.\n4. The extent to which a Member State has used up its shares shall be determined on the basis of the imports of the products concerned originating in Norway and entered with customs authorities for free circulation.\nAt the Commission's request, the Member States shall inform it of imports of the products concerned actually charged against their shares.\nThe Member States and the Commission shall cooperate closely to ensure that this Regulation is complied with.\n0\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 1 March 1986.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Norway", "sea fish", "tariff quota"], "distractor groups": ["Germany", "vote", "transport price", "UNRWA", "accounting entry", "Calarasi", "archives", "metallic ore", "European judicial area", "control of constitutionality", "republic", "church"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1113/96 of 20 June 1996 opening and providing for the administration of tariff quotas for the import of bulls, cows and heifers, other than those intended for slaughter, of certain Alpine and mountain breeds, for the period 1 July 1996 to 30 June 1997\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1113/96 of 20 June 1996 opening and providing for the administration of tariff quotas for the import of bulls, cows and heifers, other than those intended for slaughter, of certain Alpine and mountain breeds, for the period 1 July 1996 to 30 June 1997\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1095/96 of 18 June 1996 on the implementation of the concessions set out in Schedule CXL drawn up in the wake of the conclusion of the GATT XXIV.6 negotiations (1), and in particular Article 1 (1) thereof,\nWhereas for bulls, cows and heifers, other than those intended for slaughter, of the mottled Simmental breed and the Schwyz and Fribourg breeds and for cows and heifers, other than those intended for slaughter, of the grey, brown, yellow and mottled Simmental breed and the Pinzgau breed, the Community has undertaken, in the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO), to open two annual tariff quotas each of 5 000 head at rates of duty of 6 % and 4 % respectively; whereas those quotas should therefore be opened for the period 1 July 1996 to 30 June 1997 and detailed rules adopted for their application;\nWhereas there should be a guarantee in particular of equal and continuing access to the said quotas for all interested traders within the Community and of uninterrupted application of the customs duties laid down for those quotas to all imports of the animals in question until the quotas are exhausted;\nWhereas these arrangements are based on the allocation by the Commission of the quantities available to traditional traders (first part) and traders involved in the cattle trade (second part); whereas the first part should be allocated to traditional importers in proportion to the number of animals imported under similar quotas between 1 July 1993 and 30 June 1996 and to traditional importers in the new Member States; whereas, in order to prevent speculation and given the end-use, only quantities of a certain size representative of trade with third countries should be taken into account as reference quantities for the allocation of the second part; whereas, for all traders from the new Member States, imported animals must be from countries which are third countries for them at the time of import;\nWhereas, subject to the provisions of this Regulation, Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88 of 16 November 1988 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences and advance fixing certificates for agricultural products (2), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 2137/95 (3), and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1445/95 of 26 June 1995 on rules of application for import and export licences in the beef and veal sector and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2377/80 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 2856/95 (5), are applicable;\nWhereas Article 82 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community Customs Code (6), as amended by the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, provides for customs supervision of goods put into free circulation at a reduced rate of duty on account of their end-use; whereas imported animals should be monitored for a certain period to ensure they are not slaughtered; whereas, in order to ensure that the animals concerned are not slaughtered, a security should be required;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\n1. The following tariff quotas are hereby opened for the period 1 July 1996 to 30 June 1997:\n>TABLE>\n2. For the purposes of this Regulation, the animals referred to in paragraph 1 shall be considered not to be intended for slaughter if they are not slaughtered within four months of the date of acceptance of the declaration of release for free circulation.\nDerogations may, however, be granted in the event of duly proven cases of force majeure.\n3. To benefit from the tariff quota covered by serial No 09.0003, the following must be presented:\n- for bulls: a pedigree certificate,\n- for female animals: a pedigree certificate or a certificate of registration in a herdbook certifying the purity of the breed.\n1. The two quota volumes referred to in Article 1 (1) shall each be divided into two parts of 80 %, i.e. 4 000 head, and 20 %, i.e. 1 000 head:\n(a) The first part, equal to 80 % of the quota volume, shall be allocated to:\n- importers from the Community as constituted on 31 December 1994 who are able to furnish proof of having imported animals covered by the quotas between 1 July 1993 and 30 June 1996, and\n- importers from the new Member States who are able to furnish proof of having imported,\n- between 1 July 1993 and 30 June 1995, into the Member State in which they are established, animals covered by the CN codes listed in Annex I from countries which were for them, in the year of import, third countries,\n- between 1 July 1995 and 30 June 1996, animals covered by import quotas governed by this Regulation.\n(b) The second part, equal to 20 % of the quota volume, shall be reserved for applicants who can furnish proof of having imported, between 1 July 1995 and 30 June 1996, at least 15 live bovine animals covered by CN code 0102.\nImporters must be entered in a national VAT register.\n2. Upon application for the right to import, the first part shall be allocated among importers as referred to in (1) (a) in proportion to their imports of animals as referred to in the said point between 1 July 1993 and 30 June 1996.\n3. Upon application for the right to import, the second part shall be allocated in proportion to the quantities applied for by importers as referred to in (1) (b). Applications for the right to import must cover 15 head or more.\nApplications for the right to import more than 50 head shall automatically be reduced to that number.\n4. Any quantities of one of the two parts of the same tariff quota referred to in paragraph 1 not applied for shall automatically be transferred to the other part of the quota in question.\n5. Proof of import shall be provided exclusively by means of the customs document of release for free circulation duly endorsed by the customs authorities.\n1. An application for the right to import may only be submitted in the Member State in which the applicant is entered in a national VAT register.\n2. An applicant may submit only one application per quota and that application shall refer to only one part of the quota.\nWhere an applicant submits more than one application for a quota, all applications from that person shall be considered invalid.\n3. For the purposes of Article 2 (2) and (3), all applications, accompanied by the proof referred to in Article 2 (5), must reach the competent authorities not later than 16 July 1996.\nAfter verifying the documents submitted, the Member States shall communicate to the Commission, not later than 2 August 1996:\n- as regards the importers referred to in Article 2 (1) (a), their names and addresses and the number of animals imported during the period referred to in Article 2 (2),\n- as regards the importers referred to in Article 2 (1) (b), their names and addresses and the quantities applied for.\n4. All notifications, including nil notifications, shall be made to the address given in Annex II.\n1. The Commission shall decide to what extent applications may be accepted.\n2. As regards the application referred to in the second indent of the second subparagraph of Article 3 (3), if the quantities in respect of which applications are made exceed the quantities available, the Commission shall reduce the quantities applied for by a fixed percentage.\nIf the reduction referred to in the preceding subparagraph results in a quantity of less than 15 head per application, the allocation shall be by drawing lots, by batches of 15 head. If the remaining quantity is less than 15 head, a single licence shall be issued for that quantity.\n1. Imports of quantities allocated shall be subject to presentation of an import licence.\n2. Import licence applications may only be submitted to the competent authority of the Member State in which the applicant is entered in a national VAT register.\n3. After the notification of allocations from the Commission, import licences shall be issued as soon as possible on application by and in the names of the operators who have obtained rights to import. The issue of licences shall be subject to the lodging by the applicant of a security of ECU 25 per head of cattle.\nThe security shall be released immediately licences are returned to the issuing authority bearing an endorsement by the customs authorities certifying import of the animals.\n4. Import licences shall be valid for 90 days from the date of issue within the meaning of Article 21 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88. They shall expire, however, on 30 June 1997 at the latest.\n5. Without prejudice to the provisions of this Regulation, Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88 and Regulation (EC) No 1445/95 shall apply.\nHowever, by way of derogation from Article 9 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88, import licences issued pursuant to this Regulation shall not be transferable and shall confer the right to use the tariff quota only if made out in the name entered on the declaration of release for free circulation accompanying them.\n(4) and the second subparagraph of Article 14 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 3719/88 shall not apply.\n1. Checks to ensure that imported animals are not slaughtered within four months of release into free circulation shall be carried out in accordance with Article 82 of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92.\n2. Without prejudice to the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92, importers shall lodge a security of ECU 1 280 per tonne with the competent customs authorities to ensure compliance with the obligation not to slaughter the animals.\nThe security shall be released immediately proof is supplied to the customs authorities concerned that the animals:\n(a) have not been slaughtered within four months of the date of release for free circulation; or\n(b) have been slaughtered within that period for reasons constituting a case of force majeure or for health reasons or have died as a result of sickness or an accident.\nOn the licence application and the licence itself shall be entered:\n(a) in section 8, the country of origin;\n(b) in section 16, the CN codes given in Annex I;\n(c) in section 20, one of the following:\n- Razas alpinas y de monta\u00f1a [Reglamento (CE) n\u00b0 1113/96]\n- Alpine racer og bjergracer (forordning (EF) nr. 1113/96)\n- H\u00f6henrassen (Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1113/96)\n- \u00c1\u00eb\u00f0\u00e9\u00ea\u00dd\u00f2 \u00ea\u00e1\u00e9 \u00ef\u00f1\u00e5\u00f3\u00df\u00e2\u00e9\u00e5\u00f2 \u00f6\u00f5\u00eb\u00dd\u00f2 [\u00ea\u00e1\u00ed\u00ef\u00ed\u00e9\u00f3\u00ec\u00fc\u00f2 (\u00c5\u00ca) \u00e1\u00f1\u00e9\u00e8. 1113/96]\n- Alpine and mountain breeds (Regulation (EC) No 1113/96)\n- Races alpines et de montagne [r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b0 1113/96]\n- Razze alpine e di montagna [regolamento (CE) n. 1113/96]\n- Bergrassen (Verordening (EG) nr. 1113/96)\n- Ra\u00e7as alpinas e de montanha [Regulamento (CE) n\u00ba 1113/96]\n- Alppi- ja vuoristorotuja [asetus (EY) N:o 1113/96]\n- Alp- och bergraser (f\u00f6rordning (EG) nr 1113/96).\nAt the beginning of each month, the competent authorities shall forward details of the quantities and the origin of the animals imported during the previous month on the basis of the returned licences referred to in Article 5 (3).\nThe information shall be sent by fax to the address given in Annex III.\n1. Quantities for which import licence applications have not been received by 31 March 1997 shall be allocated to importers who have applied for import licences for the total quantity to which they are entitled, irrespective of the provisions of Article 2 (1).\n2. To that end, not later than 10 April 1997, Member States shall forward to the address given in Annex II details of the quantities for which no application has been received and the information referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 3 (3). The Commission shall make the allocation by drawing lots by batches of 15 head. If the remaining quantity is less than 15 head, a single licence shall be issued for that quantity. It shall notify the Member States of the result not later than 17 April 1997.\n3. For the purposes of this Article, Articles 5, 6 and 7 shall apply.\n0\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 1996.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["cow", "bull", "heifer", "import", "tariff quota"], "distractor groups": ["Arab organisation", "zootechnics", "mother's milk", "public prosecution", "prices", "arms control", "non-attached member", "scientific exchange", "document", "leaf vegetable"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2008/631/EC: Commission Decision of 29 July 2008 amending Decision 2006/805/EC as regards certain Member State regions set out in the Annex and the extension of application of that Decision (notified under document number C(2008) 3964) (Text with EEA relevance)\n1.8.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 205/51\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 29 July 2008\namending Decision 2006/805/EC as regards certain Member State regions set out in the Annex and the extension of application of that Decision\n(notified under document number C(2008) 3964)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2008/631/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 89/662/EEC of 11 December 1989 concerning veterinary checks in intra-Community trade with a view to the completion of the internal market\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(4) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 10(4) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2006/805/EC of 24 November 2006 concerning animal health control measures relating to classical swine fever in certain Member States\u00a0(3) was adopted in response to outbreaks of classical swine fever in certain Member States. That Decision lays down certain disease control measures concerning classical swine fever in those Member States.\n(2) Decision 2006/805/EC applies until 31 July 2008. In the light of the disease situation of classical swine fever in certain areas of Bulgaria, Germany, France, Hungary and Slovakia, it is appropriate to extend the period of application of that Decision until 31\u00a0July 2009.\n(3) Bulgaria has informed the Commission about the recent evolution of classical swine fever in feral pigs and pigs on holdings in its territory. According to that information, the disease situation in that Member State has significantly improved as regards feral pigs. In addition, classical swine fever is no longer suspected to be endemic in pigs on holdings. Bulgaria has also informed the Commission that additional measures have been taken to exclude the presence of classical swine fever virus infection in pigs on commercial farms which are dispatched for slaughter. The prohibition on the dispatch of fresh pork meat, pork meat preparations and pork meat products from Bulgaria to other Member States, provided for in Decision 2006/805/EC should therefore no longer apply.\n(4) Even though the disease situation in feral pigs in Bulgaria has improved, there is still a continuing risk of outbreaks of classical swine fever in that Member State. Therefore the prohibition on the dispatch of live pigs to other Member States should continue to apply as regards the whole territory of Bulgaria. That whole territory should accordingly be included in Part II of the Annex to Decision 2006/805/EC.\n(5) Hungary and Slovakia have also informed the Commission about the recent evolution of classical swine fever in feral pigs in their territories. In the light of the epidemiological information available, the areas in those Member States where control measures relating to classical swine fever apply need to be extended to include also certain areas of the counties of Heves and Borsod-Aba\u00faj-Zempl\u00e9n in Hungary and the whole districts of Rimask\u00e1 Sobota, Nov\u00e9 Z\u00e1mky, Levice and Kom\u00e1rno in Slovakia. Decision 2006/805/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2006/805/EC is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 14, \u201831 July 2008\u2019 is replaced by \u201831 July 2009\u2019;\n2. Parts II and III of the Annex are replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["Bulgaria", "health legislation", "swine", "Slovakia", "animal plague", "Hungary", "health control", "export restriction"], "distractor groups": ["Poland", "sociology", "Mercosur", "international trade law", "armed forces", "EP opinion", "Lesser Antilles"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2011/31/EU of 7\u00a0March 2011 amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC as regards a restriction of the use of the active substance pirimiphos-methyl Text with EEA relevance\n8.3.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 61/18\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2011/31/EU\nof 7 March 2011\namending Council Directive 91/414/EEC as regards a restriction of the use of the active substance pirimiphos-methyl\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/414/EEC of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Article 5(5) of Directive 91/414/EEC an inclusion may be reviewed at any time if there are indications that the criteria referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of that Article are no longer satisfied.\n(2) By Commission Directive 2007/52/EC\u00a0(2) pirimiphos-methyl was included as active substance in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC. The specific provision concerning that substance required the notifier however, to submit further studies confirming the operator exposure assessment.\n(3) On 22 September 2009 the notifier submitted such studies to the United Kingdom, which had been designated rapporteur Member State by Commission Regulation (EC) No 451/2000\u00a0(3).\n(4) The United Kingdom evaluated those studies and submitted to the Commission an addendum to the draft assessment report on 25 February 2010, which was circulated for comments to the other Member States, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the notifier. Account being taken of the draft assessment report, that addendum was reviewed by the Member States and the Commission within the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and finalised on 28 January 2011 in the format of a revision of the Commission review report for pirimiphos-methyl of 16 March 2007.\n(5) The studies included in the review report, as finalised on 28 January 2011, show that the risk to operators is not acceptable when hand-held equipment is used.\n(6) Taking into account the draft assessment report, its addendum and the comments received from Member States, from EFSA and from the notifier, the conclusion continues to apply that plant protection products containing pirimiphos-methyl may be expected to satisfy, in general, the requirements laid down in Article 5(1)(a) and (b) of Directive 91/414/EEC, in particular with regard to the uses which have been examined and detailed in the Commission review report. It is, however, necessary to restrict the inclusion of pirimiphos-methyl by excluding hand-held applications.\n(7) It is therefore appropriate to amend Directive 91/414/EEC accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex I to Directive 91/414/EEC is amended as set out in the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall adopt and publish by 31 October 2011 at the latest the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 November 2011.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nMember States shall in accordance with Directive 91/414/EEC, where necessary, amend or withdraw existing authorisations for plant protection products containing pirimiphos-methyl as active substance by 31 October 2011.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["administrative formalities", "toxic substance", "plant health control", "marketing standard", "marketing", "insecticide", "health legislation", "chemical product", "plant health product"], "distractor groups": ["Community tax", "concentrated product", "rodent", "cloning", "socialism", "food standard"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1399/2001 of 10 July 2001 on the organisation of an invitation to tender for the resale on the internal market of approximately 6215 tonnes of rice held by the Greek intervention agency\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1399/2001\nof 10 July 2001\non the organisation of an invitation to tender for the resale on the internal market of approximately 6215 tonnes of rice held by the Greek intervention agency\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 3072/95 of 22 December 1995 on the common organisation of the market in rice(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1667/2000(2), and in particular the fourth indent of Article 8(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Around 6215 tonnes of paddy rice held by the Greek intervention agency need to be put up for resale on the Community market. The sale is to be organised in accordance with the rules laid down in Commission Regulation (EEC) No 75/91 of 11 January 1991 laying down the procedures and conditions for the disposal of paddy rice held by intervention agencies(3).\n(2) As the product has deteriorated in quality as a result of the long period it has been in storage, the minimum selling price of each lot put up for sale should be determined having regard to its specific characteristics, in accordance with Article 2(3)(d) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3597/90 of 12 December 1990 on the accounting rules for intervention measures involving the buying-in, storage and sale of agricultural products by intervention agencies(4), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1392/97(5).\n(3) Given the quality and the characteristics of the rice concerned, tenderers should have analyses carried out of the lots put up for sale.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nIn accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 75/91, the Greek intervention agency shall organise an invitation to tender for the resale on the internal market of approximately 6215 tonnes of rice held by it.\nNotwithstanding Article 3(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 75/91, tenders submitted must cover a whole lot.\nThe notice of invitation to tender shall require the tenderers to have a prior analysis carried out of the quality characteristics of the rice put up for sale. Before submitting their bids, tenderers must have a sample taken at the store analysed. When taking over the goods, the successful tenderer may not complain of the quality or the characteristics of the rice.\n1. The first closing date for the submission of tenders shall be 23 July 2001; the closing date for the last submission of tenders shall be 31 August 2001.\n2. Tenders must be submitted to the Greek intervention agency at the following address: DIDAGEP Directorate-General for the Administration of Purchases of Agricultural Produce Acharnon Street 241 GR - 10466 Athens Tel.: (30-1) 865 99 41 and 867 31 49 Fax: (30-1) 862 93 73\n3. The goods shall be stored at the following addresses:\nAlexandros Abekse, Kougioumgidou 5, GR-58100, Yannitsa M. Kourkouta & Sia O.E., GR-57500 Epanomi, Thessaloniki.\nThe minimum prices shall be as follows:\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: Kougioumgidou 5, GR-58100 Yannitsa - bin K1\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: Kougioumgidou 5, GR-58100 Yannitsa - bin K3\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: Kougioumgidou 5, GR-58100 Yannitsa - bin K2\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: Kougioumgidou 5, GR-58100 Yannitsa - bin K5\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: GR-57500 Epanomi, Thessaloniki - bin K1\n-\n>TABLE>\nStore: GR-57500 Epanomi, Thessaloniki - bin K3.\nBy no later than Tuesday of the week following the closing date for the submission of tenders the Greek intervention agency shall notify the Commission of the quantities and the prices of the various lots sold.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["award of contract", "Greece", "single market", "rice", "sale", "intervention agency"], "distractor groups": ["defence expenditure", "wood production", "agricultural cooperative", "political power", "glucose", "fireworks", "budget", "G20", "Alentejo"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/200/EC: Commission Decision of 6 December 2006 on State aid for research and development implemented by Belgium for Techspace Aero (notified under document number C(2006) 5799) (Text with EEA relevance )\n30.3.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 90/79\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 6 December 2006\non State aid for research and development implemented by Belgium for Techspace Aero\n(notified under document number C(2006) 5799)\n(Only the French and Dutch versions are authentic)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2007/200/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 88(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 62(1)(a) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article 93 of the EC Treaty\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nHaving regard to the Commission Decision of 22 June 2006\u00a0(2) initiating the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty in respect of aid C 28/2006 (ex NN 23/2004),\nHaving called on interested parties to submit their comments pursuant to that Article,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n(1) By letter of 13 February 2004, registered as received by the Commission on 18 February, Belgium notified the Commission of aid for research and development (R\u00a0&\u00a0D) to Techspace Aero. By letters of 23 December 2004, 1 July 2005 and 8 March 2006, registered as received by the Commission on 3 January 2005, 5 July 2005 and 13 March 2006 respectively, Belgium provided the Commission with further information.\n(2) This notification was sent together with the notification of an aid scheme for research and development in the aircraft industry since the aid in question was granted under that scheme and individual notification was therefore required under point 4.7 of the Community framework on State aid for research and development\u00a0(3) (R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework). This aid scheme has been examined individually as scheme No C 27/2006 (ex NN 22/2004).\n(3) By letter of 22 June 2006, the Commission informed Belgium that it had decided to initiate the procedure provided for in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty in respect of the individual aid granted to Techspace Aero.\n(4) By letter dated 11 September 2006, registered as received on the same date, Belgium submitted its comments to the Commission.\n(5) By letter of 2 October 2006, the Commission asked Belgium for additional information, which was provided by letters of 23 and 24 November 2006, registered as received on the same dates.\n(6) The Commission decision to initiate the procedure was published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(4). The Commission called on interested parties to submit their comments.\n(7) The Commission received no comments from interested parties.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DESCRIPTION OF THE AID\n2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Beneficiary\n(8) Techspace Aero is a Belgian company that specialises in the manufacture of subassemblies for aircraft and spacecraft engines. According to the information on its website, the company is owned by the French group Safran (51\u00a0%), by the Walloon region (28,4\u00a0%), by the US firm Pratt & Whitney (19\u00a0%) and by Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Wallonne d\u2019Investissement (1,6\u00a0%). In 2004 it employed 1\u00a0230 staff and had a turnover of EUR 271 million.\n(9) Techspace Aero specialises in low-pressure compressors. It has taken part in numerous developments of major civil aircraft engines with integrators such as General Electric, Pratt & Whitney and the company SNECMA.\n2.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0R\u00a0&\u00a0D project for which the aid has been granted\n(10) Techspace Aero is participating in the GP7000 civil aviation engine project. The GP7000 engine is produced by a collaboration between General Electric and Pratt & Whitney. Other European firms, such as MTU (Germany) and SNECMA (France), are also taking part in this project.\n(11) Techspace Aero is in charge of developing the low-pressure compressor for the GP7000. The company\u2019s total eligible costs for the R\u00a0&\u00a0D work for this project amount to [\u2026]\u00a0(5), spread over the period 2002 to 2006. According to the Belgian authorities, the total cost of the project breaks down as follows: [\u2026] for industrial research (IR) activities plus [\u2026] for pre-competitive development (PCD) activities within the meaning of Annex I to the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework.\n(12) The activities classified as IR correspond to the project phases prior to the first engine tests. The PCD activities correspond to the engine test phases. Certification costs are not eligible for aid.\n2.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Aid arrangements\n(13) Techspace Aero requested the aid for the aforementioned project from the Belgian Government in 2000. It was granted by the authorities on 1 October 2003.\n(14) The aid is granted in the form of a repayable advance of a maximum amount of EUR 41\u00a0274\u00a0000, of which 65\u00a0% is for IR costs and 45\u00a0% for PCD costs.\n(15) The advance is repaid in stages in the form of a contribution per finished component sold based on the importance of the component, plus contributions based on the turnover generated by sales of replacement parts and by repairs. Under the agreement between the Belgian Government and Techspace Aero, the company will not under any circumstances have to pay interest on the amount advanced. Repayments will cease when the principal of the advance has been reimbursed.\n(16) According to the scenario described by the Belgian authorities in letters to the Commission and based, among other projections, on projected sales of [\u2026] shipsets by 2018, Techspace Aero is to repay the advance in full by 2019.\n2.4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Incentive effect of the aid\n(17) According to the Belgian authorities, Techspace Aero\u2019s R\u00a0&\u00a0D expenditure increased from [\u2026] per annum prior to the launch of the programme to [\u2026] per annum in 2005. Similarly, the ratio of R & D expenditure to turnover rose from [\u2026] to [\u2026].\n2.5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Grounds for initiating the procedure\n(18) In its decision of 22 June 2006 the Commission examined the aid in the light of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework and raised doubts regarding its compatibility with this framework.\n(19) The Commission noted that the aid was granted in the form of an advance repayable on the basis of sales of the product resulting from the research activity. Advances of this kind, repayable in the event of a successful outcome of research activities, are very common in the aircraft industry.\n(20) Point 5.6 of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework makes specific provision for this type of advance. It indicates that the allowable level of aid intensity for such aid instruments (25\u00a0% for PCD and 50\u00a0% for IR) may be increased based on a case-by-case assessment of the repayment conditions.\n(21) Since the entry into force of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework, the Commission has received notification of numerous cases of aid in the form of advances repayable in the event of a successful outcome. It has developed a body of practice for interpretating point 5.6 of the framework\u00a0(6).\n(22) In the cases analysed by the Commission to date, the beneficiary has, in the event of the success of a programme, been required to repay, in addition to the advance principal, interest based on the reference and discount rate set by the Commission for the Member State concerned at the time the aid was granted. For particularly successful programmes, the repayment rates have been even higher.\n(23) Under the circumstances, the Commission\u2019s practice has been to limit the advance to a maximum of 40\u00a0% of eligible costs for PCD activities and 60\u00a0% for IR activities. These basic rates may be exceeded by the extra percentage points (bonuses) provided for in point 5.10 of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework.\n(24) In the aid scheme in question, however, the Commission notes that the Belgian authorities have applied these maximum levels of 40\u00a0% and 60\u00a0% (plus a bonus of 5\u00a0% in accordance with point 5.10.2 of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework), whereas the arrangements for repayment of the advance do not envisage payment of any interest, even in the event of the success of the programme.\n(25) As indicated in the Commission decision of 22 June 2006, the arrangements for repaying of the aid are considerably more favourable for Techspace Aero than the traditional arrangements for aid beneficiaries in the cases hitherto examined by the Commission. Since they do not have to pay any interest, the beneficiary companies are guaranteed to benefit from the aid whatever the outcome of the project, whereas under traditional repayment arrangements the aid may not be granted at all in the event of a successful outcome (and may even be negative in cases of highly successful projects where the enterprise may enable the government to earn money, including in real terms).\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COMMENTS FROM BELGIUM\n(26) The Belgian authorities have modified the arrangements for granting aid to Techspace Aero by means of an amendment to the contract signed by the parties and sent to the Commission on 24 November 2006. This amendment provides for recovery of part of the aid granted in order to reduce its intensity level to that stipulated by the R & D framework (50\u00a0% maximum for IR activities and 25\u00a0% maximum for PCD activities, increased by 5\u00a0% if the project is carried out in one of the regions covered by Article 87(3)(c)). The Belgian authorities will recover the surplus amount of the aid by 31 March 2007 and will charge interest on this amount at the Commission\u2019s reference and discount rate in force at the time the aid was granted. As provided for in the grant agreement, in the event of the success of the project the Belgian authorities will, in addition to this initial recovery, require repayment, free of interest, of the part of the aid kept by the enterprise.\nBeneficiary Eligible costs (EUR \u2018000) Final intensity Advance paid Recovery with interest Rate\nIR PCD IR PCD\nTechspace Aero [\u2026] [\u2026] 55\u00a0% 30\u00a0% 34\u00a0800 8\u00a0397 3,95\u00a0%\n(27) The advance finally granted to Techspace Aero amounts to EUR 31\u00a0978\u00a0850, corresponding to an intensity level of [\u2026], which is the weighted average of the intensities applicable to the relative costs of IR and PCD activities.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ASSESSMENT\n4.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Existence of State aid\n(28) The advance was granted by the Belgian Federal Government to a single company. It is repaid only in the event of the success of the product being researched. This makes the advance more advantageous than a loan at market rates. Lastly, Techspace Aero is engaged in an area in which there is significant trade between Member States. It therefore meets the cumulative criteria for determining the existence of State aid as defined in Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty.\n4.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Unlawfulness of State aid\n(29) The aid was granted on 1 October 2003, even before it was notified to the Commission and therefore necessarily before it had been approved by the Commission. There is no suspension clause whereby payment of the advance is subject to analysis of the scheme by the Commission in accordance with Community State aid rules. Since the scheme has already been implemented, it must be considered to be unlawful within the meaning of Article 1(b) and (f) of Regulation (EC) No 659/1999.\n4.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Compatibility of State aid\n(30) Modification of the aid scheme as described in paragraphs 26 and 27 takes away the advantage initially conferred on the beneficiary by reducing the aid intensity to the level stipulated in the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework (50\u00a0% for IR activities and 25\u00a0% for PCD activities, increased by 5\u00a0% if the project is carried out in one of the regions covered by Article 87(3)(c)). In addition to recovery, with interest, of the surplus aid, repayment of the remaining aid goes beyond the requirements of the R\u00a0&\u00a0D framework. The aid thus modified is therefore compatible with that framework.\n(31) The Belgian authorities undertake to take away the additional advantage temporarily granted to Techspace Aero relative to the beneficiaries of aid in the form of repayable advances in the cases hitherto examined by the Commission.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONCLUSION\n(32) The Commission notes that Belgium has unlawfully implemented the R\u00a0&\u00a0D aid for Techspace Aero in breach of Article 88(3) of the EC Treaty. However, Belgium has adapted State aid granted so as to bring it into line with the Community framework on State aid for research and development,\nThe aid for research and development implemented by Belgium for Techspace Aero for an initial amount of EUR 41\u00a0274\u00a0000 and modified as described in paragraphs 26 and 27 is compatible with the common market.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Belgium", "answer groups": ["State aid", "engine", "control of State aid", "research and development", "Belgium", "aeronautical industry"], "distractor groups": ["air traffic control", "transatlantic relations", "European Network and Information Security Agency", "overheads", "labour dispute", "consumer demand", "European arms policy", "warships", "metalwork"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1184/2001 of 15 June 2001 fixing export refunds on nuts\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1184/2001\nof 15 June 2001\nfixing export refunds on nuts\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organisation of the market in fruit and vegetables(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 718/2001(2), and in particular Article 35(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2190/96(3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 298/2000(4), lays down detailed rules on export refunds on fruit and vegetables.\n(2) Article 35(1) of Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 provides that, to the extent necessary for economically significant quantities of the products listed in that Article to be exported, the difference between the international market prices for those products and their prices in the Community may be covered by export refunds.\n(3) Article 35(4) of Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 provides that refunds must be fixed in the light of the existing situation or the outlook for fruit and vegetable prices on the Community market and supplies available on the one hand, and prices on the international market on the other hand. Account must also be taken of the costs referred to in Article 35(4)(b) of that Regulation and of the economic aspect of the exports planned.\n(4) Pursuant to Article 35(1) of Regulation (EC) No 2200/96, refunds are to be set with due regard to the limits resulting from agreements concluded in accordance with Article 300 of the Treaty.\n(5) In accordance with Article 35(5) of Regulation (EC) No 2200/96, prices on the Community market are to be established in the light of the most favourable prices from the export standpoint. International trade prices are to be established in the light of the prices referred to in the second subparagraph of that paragraph.\n(6) The international trade situation or the special requirements of certain markets may call for the refund on a given product to vary according to its destination.\n(7) Shelled almonds, hazelnuts and walnuts in shell can currently be exported in economically significant quantities.\n(8) Compared with other fruit and vegetables, nuts are relatively easy to store. Export refunds can accordingly be fixed for longer periods with a view to rational management of the arrangements.\n(9) The application of the abovementioned rules to the present and forecast market situation, and in particular to fruit and vegetable prices in the Community and international trade, gives the refund rates set out in the Annex hereto.\n(10) Pursuant to Article 35(2) of Regulation (EC) No 2200/96, the resources available should be used as efficiently as possible while avoiding discrimination between traders. Therefore, care should be taken not to disturb the trade flows previously induced by the refund arrangements. For those reasons and because of the seasonal nature of exports of fruit and vegetables, quotas should be fixed for each product.\n(11) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3846/87(5), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 2849/2000(6), establishes an agricultural product nomenclature for export refunds.\n(12) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000(7) lays down common detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences and advance fixing certificates for agricultural products.\n(13) Owing to the market situation, in order to make the most efficient use of the resources available and given the structure of Community exports, the most appropriate method should be selected for export refunds on certain products and certain destinations and consequently refunds under the A 1 and A 2 licence arrangements referred to in Article 1 of Regulation (EC) No 2190/96 should not be fixed simultaneously for the export period in question.\n(14) The quantities laid down for the various products should be distributed in accordance with the different systems for the grant of the refund, taking account in particular of their perishability.\n(15) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the Management Committee for Fresh Fruit and Vegetables,\n1. The export refunds on nuts shall be as set out in the Annex hereto.\n2. Quantities covered by licences issued for food aid as referred to in Article 16 of Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000 shall not count against the eligible quantities covered by the Annex.\n3. Without prejudice to the application of Article 4(5) of Regulation (EC) No 2190/96, the term of validity of A 1 licences shall be three months.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 24 June 2001.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["export refund", "stone fruit"], "distractor groups": ["redundancy", "interpretation of the law", "vegetable protein", "conversion rate", "suspension of customs duties", "leader of the opposition", "general medicine", "waste", "over-exploitation of resources", "research and development", "Mongolia", "industrial plant", "monocracy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "88/328/EEC: Commission Decision of 22 April 1988 concerning applications for refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of certain ball bearings originating in Singapore (NMB (Deutschland) GmbH) (Only the German text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 22 April 1988\nconcerning applications for refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of certain ball bearings originating in Singapore (NMB (Deutschland) GmbH)\n(Only the German text is authentic)\n(88/328/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection againsted dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1761/87 (2), and in particular Article 16 thereof,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) On 19 July 1984, by Council Regulation (EEC) No 2089/84 (3), a definitive anti-dumping duty of 33,89 % was imposed on imports of certain ball bearings manufactured and exported by the Minebea group of companies and originating in Singapore.\n(2) In 1985 and 1986 NMB (Deutschland) GmbH, Neu Isenburg, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Japanese mother company of the Minebea group, applied, on a regular basis, for the refund of anti-dumping duties amounting in total to DM . . . (4) paid on imports of the ball bearings during the two years in question. This amount represents part of the anti-dumping duties paid; a refund of the remainder was not requested.\n(3) Following submissions by the applicant, additional information on certain costs, prices, commercial conditions and commercial activities of the Minebea group outside Singapore was requested by the Commission on the basis of the Commission notice concerning the reimbursement of anti-dumping duties (5) (hereinafter referred to as Notice). The applicant complied with all requests for additional information to the satisfaction of the Commission. Subsequently, the applicant was informed of the preliminary results of this examination and given an opportunity to comment on it. It did so, and the comments were taken into consideration prior to this Decision.\n(4) The Commission informed the Member States and gave its opinion on the matter. No Member State disagreed with this opinion.\nB. Argument of the applicant\n(5) The applicant has based its claims on the allegation that, for certain sales in the Community, export prices were such that either dumping did not exist or that dumping existed at a level lower than the level of the definitive duty of 33,89 %.\nC. Admissibility\n(6) The applications are admissible since they were introduced in conformity with the relevant provisions of the Community's anti-dumping legislation, in particular that concerning time limits.\nD. Merits of the claim\n(7) The applications are founded in part; for the rest they are unfounded. According to Article 16 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, anti-dumping duties paid by an importer shall be reimbursed if the importer shows that the duty collected exceeds the actual dumping margin, consideration being given to any application of weighted averages. Pursuant to Article 16 (1) and Part II of the Notice the applicant proved that the duty collected exceeded the actual dumping margin to varying degrees depending on the shipment and the bearing type partly as a result of normal value having decreased. To this extent the applications were founded and the applicant agrees with the Commission's calculation. The amount to be refunded is DM . . . .\n(8) The applicant requests, however, the refund of an additional amount. For the determination of this additional amount, the applicant agrees with the Commission that, when calculating the dumping margin for the purpose of establishing whether it was exceeded by the level of duty or not, the export prices have to be constructed in accordance with Article 2 (8) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84.\nArticle 2 (8) (b) provides that an export price is constructed on the basis of the price at which the imported product is first resold to an independent buyer and that allowance shall be made for all costs incurred by the related importer between importation and resale, including customs duties, any anti-dumping duties and other taxes, and for a reasonable profit margin.\nThe applicant maintains, however, that in constructing the export price, the anti-dumping duty should not be deducted; this would then result in a lower dumping margin for the refund calculation and consequently in a higher amount to be refunded.\nThe applicant justifies its request by claiming that, as a result of the Commission's position, imports by independent importers are treated differently from imports by related importers.\nThe Commission has evaluated this argument; it does not find it acceptable.\nIt is of the opinion that the wording of Article 2 (8) (b) is clear: all duties, including anti-dumping duties have to be deducted from the resale price. The Commission would, therefore, by granting the applicant's request, infringe the express requirement of Article 2 (8) (b) and of Part II 2 (b) and (c) of the Notice. Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 establishes different rules for the determination of the export price in different situations depending on whether the importer is related to the exporter or not. This cannot be considered discriminatory.\nThe second essential argument by the applicant, who sold on a duty-paid basis, is that a simple increase of its resale price in the Community by an amount equivalent to the amount of the duty, would not allow it to qualify for a refund. The Commission stresses that, had the applicant sold on a duty unpaid basis, a single increase would have been sufficient to allow it to qualify for a refund.\nEven where, as in the applicant's situation, the imported product was resold in the Community on a duty-paid basis, only one increase of the resale price by an amount equivalent to the amount of the duty is necessary, provided that the Commission is satisfied that in the particular circumstances of the case under consideration this increase in the price paid by the independent buyer eliminates or reduces the dumping margin and does not represent merely the anti-dumping duty which the importer could pass back to its customer if it obtained a refund. This could be the case, for example, if either the costs incurred between importation and resale by NMB or Minebea's normal value had been reduced since the original investigation period. In addition, other changes in circumstances could require the application of different adjustment or calculation methods which could lead to the same result, i.e. the elimination or reduction of the dumping margin by a single price increase. In the present case there is no evidence that these conditions are met.\nFor these reasons the applicant's request for the refund of an additional amount has to be rejected,\nThe refund applications submitted by NMB (Deutschland) GmbH, Neu Isenburg, for the years 1985 and 1986 are granted for DM . . . and rejected for the remainder.\nThe amount set out in Article 1 shall be refunded by the authorities of the Federal Republic of Germany.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Federal Republic of Germany and NMB (Deutschland) GmbH, Neu Isenburg, Federal Republic of Germany", "answer groups": ["Singapore", "Germany", "customs drawback", "bearing", "import", "anti-dumping duty"], "distractor groups": ["trauma", "private medical treatment", "congenital disease", "mutual assistance scheme", "soil science", "town-planning regulations", "electronic mail", "water management", "school-working life relations"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/74/EU: Commission Decision of 2\u00a0February 2011 amending Decision 2003/248/EC as regards the extension of the duration of temporary derogations from certain provisions of Council Directive 2000/29/EC in respect of plants of strawberry ( Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Argentina (notified under document C(2011) 447)\n3.2.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 29/32\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 2 February 2011\namending Decision 2003/248/EC as regards the extension of the duration of temporary derogations from certain provisions of Council Directive 2000/29/EC in respect of plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Argentina\n(notified under document C(2011) 447)\n(2011/74/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 15(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under Directive 2000/29/EC, plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in non-European countries, other than Mediterranean countries, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the continental states of the United States of America, may not in principle be introduced into the Union. However, that Directive permits derogations from that rule, provided that it is established that there is no risk of spreading harmful organisms.\n(2) Commission Decision 2003/248/EC\u00a0(2) authorises Member States to provide for temporary derogations from certain provisions of Directive 2000/29/EC to permit the import of plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Argentina.\n(3) The circumstances justifying the authorisation provided for in Decision 2003/248/EC are still present and there is no new information giving cause for revision of the specific conditions.\n(4) By Commission Directive 2008/64/EC\u00a0(3)\nColletotrichum acutatum Simmonds was removed from point (c) of Section II of Part A of Annex II to Directive 2000/29/EC. Therefore this organism should no longer be included in the Annex to Decision 2003/248/EC.\n(5) Based on the experience gained with the application of Decision 2003/248/EC it is appropriate to extend the period of validity of that authorisation for 10 years.\n(6) Decision 2003/248/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nDecision 2003/248/EC is amended as follows:\n(1) the second paragraph of Article 1 of Decision 2003/248/EC is replaced by the following:\n(2) the following Article 3a is inserted:\n(3) the second indent of point 1(c) of the Annex is deleted.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["seedling", "Argentina", "import", "soft fruit", "originating product", "derogation from EU law", "plant health legislation"], "distractor groups": ["public debt", "market capitalisation", "revision of financial perspectives", "European charter", "cash flow", "multilateral relations", "information service", "Yemen"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2009/124/EC of 25 September 2009 amending Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum levels for arsenic, theobromine, Datura sp., Ricinus communis L., Croton tiglium L. and Abrus precatorius L. (Text with EEA relevance)\n26.9.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 254/100\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2009/124/EC\nof 25 September 2009\namending Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum levels for arsenic, theobromine, Datura sp., Ricinus communis L., Croton tiglium L. and Abrus precatorius L.\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7\u00a0May 2002 on undesirable substances in animal feed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 8(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2002/32/EC provides that the use of products intended for animal feed which contain levels of undesirable substances exceeding the maximum levels laid down in Annex I to that Directive is prohibited.\n(2) As regards feedingstuffs obtained from the processing of fish or other marine animals, recent information provided by competent authorities of the Member States on the presence of total arsenic (sum of organic and inorganic arsenic) indicates that it is necessary to increase certain maximum levels for total arsenic. By-products of the fish filleting industry are valuable raw materials for the production of fish meal and fish oil for use in compound feed, in particular fish feed.\n(3) The increase of the maximum levels for total arsenic in feedingstuffs obtained from the processing of fish or other marine animals and feedingstuffs for fish entails no change in the maximum levels for inorganic arsenic. Since the potential adverse effects of arsenic to animal and human health are determined by the inorganic fraction in a given feed or food product and the organic arsenic compounds exhibit a very low toxic potential\u00a0(2), the increased levels for total arsenic do not affect the protection of animal and public health.\n(4) In Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC, arsenic refers to total arsenic for the purpose of setting maximum levels, since there is no standardised routine method for the analysis of inorganic arsenic. But for cases in which the competent authorities request an analysis of the content of inorganic arsenic, that Annex sets out a maximum level for inorganic arsenic.\n(5) As the extraction method has in some cases a significant influence on the analytical result on total arsenic, it is appropriate to specify an extraction procedure for reference to be used for official control.\n(6) Information provided by competent authorities and stakeholder organisations indicate significant levels of arsenic in additives belonging to the functional group of compounds of trace elements, authorised in application of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(3). It is appropriate to establish maximum levels for arsenic in these additives to protect animal and public health.\n(7) As regards theobromine, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concluded in its opinion of 10 June 2008\u00a0(4) that the current maximum levels for theobromine may not fully protect some animal species. It pointed out possible adverse effects on pigs, dogs and horses and on milk production in dairy cows. It is therefore appropriate to establish lower maximum levels.\n(8) As regards alkaloids in Datura sp., EFSA concluded in its opinion of 9 April 2008\u00a0(5) that, since tropane alkaloids are present in all Datura sp., it is appropriate for the protection of animal health, in particular for pigs, to extend the maximum levels for Datura stramonium L., as set out in Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC, to all Datura\u00a0sp.\n(9) As regards ricin (from Ricinus communis L.), EFSA concluded in its opinion of 10\u00a0June 2008\u00a0(6) that, given the similar toxic effects of the toxins from Ricinus communis L. (ricin), Croton tiglium L. (crotin) and Abrus precatorius L. (abrin), it is appropriate to apply the maximum levels for Ricinus communis L., as set out in Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC, also to Croton tiglium L. and Abrus precatorius L., separately or in combination.\n(10) Directive 2002/32/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(11) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and neither the European Parliament nor the Council has opposed them,\nAnnex I to Directive 2002/32/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 July 2010 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["foodstuffs legislation", "semi-metal", "health control", "animal nutrition", "dangerous substance", "health risk"], "distractor groups": ["parliamentary chamber", "benchmarking", "dropout", "worker (EU)", "own resources", "redundancy", "export subsidy", "pesticide residue", "Pitcairn Islands"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2003/7/EC of 24 January 2003 amending the conditions for authorisation of canthaxanthin in feedingstuffs in accordance with Council Directive 70/524/EEC (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Directive 2003/7/EC\nof 24 January 2003\namending the conditions for authorisation of canthaxanthin in feedingstuffs in accordance with Council Directive 70/524/EEC\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 70/524/EEC of 23 November 1970 concerning additives in feedingstuffs(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1756/2002(2), and in particular Article 9r thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under Directive 70/524/EEC the additive canthaxanthin is authorised under certain conditions.\n(2) In 1997 the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) concluded the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of canthaxanthin for humans could be set at 0,03 mg/kg of body weight.\n(3) In the light of the SCF's revision of the ADI, the Scientific Committee on Animal Nutrition (SCAN) reviewed levels of canthaxanthin in feed for salmonids, broilers and laying hens to ensure consumer safety. SCAN has stated that consumer safety would be assured by setting maximum canthaxanthin concentrations of 25 mg/kg of feed for salmonids and broilers and at 8 mg/kg of feed for laying hens.\n(4) The current canthaxanthin authorisations need to be amended to provide greater protection for consumers' health.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe conditions for authorising canthaxanthin (E 161g) in feedingstuffs are amended in accordance with the entries in the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 September 2003 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 December 2003.\nWhen Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The procedure for making such reference shall be adopted by Member States.\nMember States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities", "answer groups": ["veterinary drug", "animal nutrition", "food additive", "foodstuffs legislation"], "distractor groups": ["respiratory disease", "oats", "hazard science", "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control", "available energy resources", "women's rights", "built-up area", "Holy Cross province", "inheritance", "intellectual property", "county"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Directive 2013/63/EU of 17\u00a0December 2013 amending Annexes I and II to Council Directive 2002/56/EC as regards minimum conditions to be satisfied by seed potatoes and lots of seed potatoes Text with EEA relevance\n18.12.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 341/52\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2013/63/EU\nof 17 December 2013\namending Annexes I and II to Council Directive 2002/56/EC as regards minimum conditions to be satisfied by seed potatoes and lots of seed potatoes\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2002/56/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of seed potatoes\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 24 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Since the adoption of Directive 2002/56/EC new methods of potato breeding have been developed, diagnostic tools to identify harmful organisms and agronomic practices to fight the spread of harmful organisms have been improved.\n(2) Those technical developments permit the production of seed potatoes fulfilling stricter requirements than those laid down in Annexes I and II to Directive 2002/56/EC. At the same time knowledge about new disease agents has become available and knowledge about existing diseases has evolved showing that some diseases require stricter measures.\n(3) Against this background, the standard of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) concerning the marketing and commercial quality control of seed potatoes has been adapted in view of those technical and scientific developments\u00a0(2).\n(4) Taking into account those developments, certain minimum conditions and tolerances, as set out in Annexes I and II to Directive 2002/56/EC, should be updated and restrictions concerning black scurf, powdery scab and seed potatoes, which have become excessively dehydrated and shrivelled, should be added in Annex II.\n(5) Since the adoption of Directive 2002/56/EC, scientific knowledge has developed concerning the link between the number of generations and the level of presence of pests of seed potatoes. Limiting the number of generations is a necessary way of mitigating the phytosanitary risk posed by pests in latent form. That limitation is necessary for the mitigation of that risk, and no other less stringent measures are available to replace it. A maximum of seven generations for pre-basic and basic seed potatoes achieves a balance between the need to multiply sufficient numbers of seed potatoes for the production of certified seed potatoes, and the protection of their health status.\n(6) The requirements concerning the harmful organism Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc. should be removed from Annex I because its presence on seed potatoes is regulated by Council Directive 69/464/EEC\u00a0(3). The requirements concerning the harmful organism Corynebacterium sepedonicum (Spieck. et Kotth.) Skapt. and Burkh., the name of which has been replaced by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spieck. et Kotth.) Davis et al., should be removed from Annexes I and II because its presence on seed potatoes is regulated by Council Directive 93/85/EEC\u00a0(4). The requirements concerning the harmful organism Heterodera rostochiensis Woll., the name of which has been replaced by Globodera rostochiensis (Wollenweber) Behrens should be removed from Annex II because its presence on seed potatoes is regulated by Council Directive 2007/33/EC\u00a0(5). The requirements concerning the harmful organism Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith, the name of which has been replaced byRalstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al., should be removed from Annex II because its presence on seed potatoes is regulated by Council Directive 98/57/EC\u00a0(6).\n(7) Annexes I and II to Directive 2002/56/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nAmendments to Directive 2002/56/EC\nAnnexes I and II to Directive 2002/56/EC are amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\nTransposition\nMember States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2015 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2016.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nEntry into force\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nAddressees\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["plant health control", "plant disease", "potato", "quality control of agricultural products"], "distractor groups": ["EU financing arrangements", "competence of the Member States", "slaughter premium", "customs transit", "secret service", "tropical wood", "blue-veined cheese", "toll", "single exchange-rate policy", "herbicide", "carrying capacity"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2005/6/EC of 26 January 2005 amending Directive 71/250/EEC as regards reporting and interpretation of analytical results required under Directive 2002/32/ECText with EEA relevance\n27.1.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 24/33\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2005/6/EC\nof 26 January 2005\namending Directive 71/250/EEC as regards reporting and interpretation of analytical results required under Directive 2002/32/EC\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to the Council Directive 70/373/EEC of 20 July 1970 on the introduction of Community methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of feeding-stuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 2 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Directive 71/250/EEC of 15 June 1971 establishing Community methods of analysis for the official control of feeding-stuffs\u00a0(2) includes provisions concerning the expression of results.\n(2) To ensure a harmonised implementation approach to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 May 2002 on undesirable substances in animal feed\u00a0(3) in all Member States, it is of major importance that analytical results are reported and interpreted in a uniform way.\n(3) Directive 71/250/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDirective 71/250/EEC is amended as follows:\n1. In Article 1 the following paragraph is added after the second paragraph:\n2. The Annex is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive twelve months after the entry into force. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["food inspection", "research method", "research results", "animal feedingstuffs", "toxic substance"], "distractor groups": ["political centre", "spare part", "\u00c5land", "ministry", "sales aid", "European forestry policy", "extra-territoriality", "interurban migration", "cheque", "EAGGF Guidance Section"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01250/2005 of 29 July 2005 fixing the export refunds on malt\n30.7.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 200/56\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1250/2005\nof 29 July 2005\nfixing the export refunds on malt\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 13(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 provides that the difference between quotations or prices on the world market for the products listed in Article 1 of that Regulation and prices for those products within the Community may be covered by an export refund.\n(2) The refunds must be fixed taking into account the factors referred to in Article 1 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1501/95 of 29 June 1995 laying down certain detailed rules under Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 on the granting of export refunds on cereals and the measures to be taken in the event of disturbance on the market for cereals\u00a0(2).\n(3) The refund applicable in the case of malts must be calculated with amount taken of the quantity of cereals required to manufacture the products in question. The said quantities are laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1501/95.\n(4) The world market situation or the specific requirements of certain markets may make it necessary to vary the refund for certain products according to destination.\n(5) The refund must be fixed once a month. It may be altered in the intervening period.\n(6) It follows from applying these rules to the present situation on markets in cereals, and in particular to quotations or prices for these products within the Community and on the world market, that the refunds should be as set out in the Annex hereto.\n(7) The Management Committee for Cereals has not delivered an opinion within the time limit set by its chairman,\nThe export refunds on malt listed in Article 1(1)(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 shall be as set out in the Annex hereto.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 1 August 2005.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["malt", "export refund"], "distractor groups": ["Turkmenistan", "market enlargement", "nutritional disease", "metal pollution", "central bank", "Antarctica", "fire", "export of waste", "aerodynamics", "unitarian State", "small retailer", "axle tax", "Internet access provider"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0364/2011 of 13\u00a0April 2011 amending Annex I to Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0798/2008 and amending Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01291/2008 as regards a control programme for Salmonella in certain poultry and eggs in Croatia in accordance with Regulation (EC) No\u00a02160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council and correcting Commission Regulations (EU) No\u00a0925/2010 and (EU) No\u00a0955/2010 Text with EEA relevance\n14.4.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 100/30\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 364/2011\nof 13 April 2011\namending Annex I to Commission Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 and amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2008 as regards a control programme for Salmonella in certain poultry and eggs in Croatia in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council and correcting Commission Regulations (EU) No 925/2010 and (EU) No 955/2010\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2002/99/EC of 16 December 2002 laying down the animal health rules governing the production, processing, distribution and introduction of products of animal origin for human consumption\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(2)(b) thereof,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 November 2003 on the control of Salmonella and other specified food-borne zoonotic agents\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 10(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2009/158/EC of 30 November 2009 on animal health conditions governing intra-Community trade in, and imports from third countries of, poultry and hatching eggs\u00a0(3), and in particular Articles 23(1) and 26(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 of 8 August 2008 laying down a list of third countries, territories, zones or compartments from which poultry and poultry products may be imported into and transit through the Community and the veterinary certification requirements\u00a0(4) lays down the veterinary certification requirements for imports into and transit through the Union of those commodities. It provides that the commodities covered by that Regulation are only to be imported into and transit through the Union from the third countries, territories, zones or compartments listed in columns 1 and 3 of the table in Part 1 of Annex I thereto.\n(2) The definition of eggs set out in point 5.1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin\u00a0(5) does not include cooked eggs while the definition of egg products set out in point 7.3 of Annex I to that Regulation covers cooked eggs. Therefore, the appropriate Harmonised System (HS) code of the World Customs Organisation for cooked eggs, namely 04.07, should also be referred to in the model veterinary certificate for egg products set out in Part 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008.\n(3) Where egg products covered by HS code 04.07 originating from an area under animal health restrictions are imported into the Union, it is necessary that those products have been subjected to an appropriate treatment for the inactivation of disease agents. For that purpose, certain treatments for egg products recommended in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) as standards for international trade should be taken into account and be included in the Animal health attestation in Part II of the model veterinary certificate for egg products.\n(4) The model veterinary certificate for egg products set out in Part 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 lays down rules for the control of Salmonella in different poultry populations in the Union. It provides that admission to or retention on the lists of third countries provided for in Union legislation, for the relevant species or category, from which Member States are authorised to import those animals or hatching eggs covered by that Regulation is subject to the submission to the Commission by the third country concerned of a control programme for Salmonella with equivalent guarantees to those contained in the national control programmes for Salmonella in the Member States.\n(6) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2008 of 18 December 2008 concerning the approval of control programmes for Salmonella in certain third countries in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council and listing of avian influenza surveillance programmes in certain third countries and amending Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008\u00a0(6) approves the control programmes submitted by Croatia on 11 March 2008 as regards Salmonella in breeding poultry of Gallus gallus, hatching eggs thereof, laying hens of Gallus gallus, table eggs thereof and day-old chicks of Gallus gallus intended for breeding or laying.\n(7) The control programmes submitted by Croatia on 11 March 2008 also provides the guarantees required by Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 for Salmonella control in all other flocks of Gallus gallus. These programmes should therefore also be approved. Regulation (EC) No 1291/2008 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The entry for Croatia in the list in Part 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 should be amended to take account of the approval of the control programmes for Salmonella for all flocks of Gallus gallus.\n(9) Commission Decision 2007/843/EC of 11 December 2007 concerning approval of Salmonella control programmes in breeding flocks of Gallus gallus in certain third countries in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council and amending Decision 2006/696/EC, as regards certain public health requirements at import of poultry and hatching eggs\u00a0(7) approves the control programme submitted by Tunisia for Salmonella in flocks of breeding hens, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003. In that Decision, as amended by Commission Decision 2011/238/EU\u00a0(8), the programme submitted by Tunisia has been deleted since that third country has stopped the programme. The entry for Tunisia in the list in Part 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 should be amended to take account of that deletion.\n(10) Regulations (EC) No 798/2008 and (EC) No 1291/2008 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(11) Commission Regulation (EU) No 925/2010 of 15 October 2010 amending Decision 2007/777/EC and Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 as regards transit through the Union of poultry meat and poultry meat products from Russia\u00a0(9) contains an obvious error in the entry for Israel (IL-2), in column 7 of the table set out in Annex II to that Regulation, which should be corrected. The corrected Regulation should be applicable as of the date of entry into force of that Regulation.\n(12) Commission Regulation (EU) No 955/2010 of 22 October 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 as regards the use of vaccines against Newcastle disease\u00a0(10) contains an error in the veterinary model certificate for meat of poultry (POU) set out in the Annex to that Regulation. The error concerns the entry \u2018Treatment type\u2019, which was erroneously, introduced in Part I (Details of dispatched consignment) in box I.28 of that certificate. The entry \u2018Treatment type\u2019 is not applicable for meat of poultry and should therefore be deleted from the model certificate. That error should be corrected.\n(13) It is appropriate to provide for a transitional period to permit Member States and the industry to take the necessary measures to comply with the applicable veterinary certification requirements following the correction to Regulation (EU) No 955/2010.\n(14) Regulations (EU) No 925/2010 and (EU) No 955/2010 should therefore be corrected accordingly.\n(15) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAmendment to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008\nAnnex I to Regulation (EC) No 798/2008 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nAmendment to Regulation (EC) No 1291/2008\nof Regulation (EC) No 1291/2008 is replaced by the following:\n\u2018Article 1\nThe control programmes submitted by Croatia to the Commission on 11 March 2008 in accordance with Article 10(1) of Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 are approved as regards Salmonella in all flocks of Gallus gallus.\u2019\nCorrection to Regulation (EU) No 925/2010\nIn Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 925/2010, in the entry for Israel (IL-2), column 7 is corrected as follows:\n(a) in the line for veterinary certificate models \u2018BPR, BPP, DOC, DOR, HEP, HER, SRP\u2019, the date \u20181.5.2010\u2019 is replaced by the letter \u2018A\u2019;\n(b) in the line for veterinary certificate model \u2018WGM\u2019, \u2018A\u2019 is deleted.\nCorrection to Regulation (EU) No 955/2010\nIn the Annex to Regulation (EU) No 955/2010, in point (a), in box I.28 of Part I of the model veterinary certificate for meat of poultry (POU), the words \u2018Treatment type\u2019 are deleted.\nEntry into force and applicability\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 May 2011.\nHowever, Article 3 shall apply from 5 November 2010 and Article 4 shall apply from 1 July 2011.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["veterinary inspection", "health risk", "Croatia", "animal disease", "egg", "poultry", "zoonosis"], "distractor groups": ["relationship", "compulsory insurance", "state of emergency", "flour milling", "cross-border dimension", "national park", "Social Democratic Party", "drawing up of the EU budget"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 905/2009 of 28 September 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 537/2007 as regards the name of the holder of the authorisation of the fermentation product of Aspergillus oryzae (NRRL 458) (Amaferm) (Text with EEA relevance)\n29.9.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 256/30\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 905/2009\nof 28 September 2009\namending Regulation (EC) No 537/2007 as regards the name of the holder of the authorisation of the fermentation product of Aspergillus oryzae (NRRL 458) (Amaferm)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition\u00a0(1) and in particular Article 13(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Trouw Nutrition BV has submitted an application under Article 13(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 proposing to change the name of the holder of the authorisation as regards Commission Regulation (EC) No 537/2007 of 15 May 2007 concerning the authorisation of the fermentation product of Aspergillus oryzae (NRRL 458) (Amaferm)\u00a0(2) as a feed additive for dairy cows. The authorisation is linked to the holder of the authorisation. The holder is Trouw Nutrition BV.\n(2) The applicant claims that it transferred its marketing authorisation for that additive to Biozyme Incorporated which now owns the marketing rights for that additive. The applicant has submitted appropriate documents supporting its allegations.\n(3) The proposed change of the terms of the authorisation is purely administrative in nature and does not entail a fresh assessment of the additive concerned. The European Food Safety Authority was informed of the application.\n(4) To allow Biozyme Incorporated to exploit its marketing rights it is necessary to change the terms of the authorisations.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 537/2007 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) It is appropriate to provide for a transitional period during which existing stocks may be used up.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nIn the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 537/2007, in column 2, the words \u2018Trouw Nutrition BV\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018Biozyme Incorporated\u2019.\nExisting stocks which are in conformity with the provisions applying before the date of entry into force of this Regulation may continue to be placed on the market and used until 1 April 2010.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food additive", "animal nutrition", "foodstuffs legislation", "health risk", "zootechnics", "market approval", "dairy cow"], "distractor groups": ["administrative court", "building safety", "tidal energy", "vote on a text as a whole", "European Social Fund", "territorial law", "vertical agreement", "ballistic missile"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 569/76 of 15 March 1976 laying down special measures for linseed\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 569/76 of 15 March 1976 laying down special measures for linseed\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 43 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2),\nWhereas the production of linseed is becoming of increasing interest to the Community ; whereas, in order to promote the development of this production, which is subjected to direct competition from linseed imported from third countries duty free, provision should be made for appropriate measures of support;\nWhereas to this end the marketing of Community crops must ensure producers a fair income, the level of which may be defined by a guide price ; whereas the difference between this price and the price ascertained for linseed on the world market corresponds to the amount of the subsidy which should be granted in order to achieve the desired objective;\nWhereas provision should be made to ensure that expenditure incurred by Member States as a result of the obligations arising out of the application of this Regulation becomes a charge on the Community in accordance with the regulations on the financing of the common agricultural policy,\n1. Each year before 1 August, a guide price for linseed falling within Common Customs Tariff heading No 12.01 shall be fixed for the Community for the marketing year beginning in the following calendar year, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 43 (2) of the Treaty. This price shall be fixed at a level which is fair to producers, account being taken of the supply requirements of the Community.\nHowever, the 1976/77 guide price shall be fixed before 1 August 1976.\n2. The guide price shall continue to apply throughout the marketing year in question ; this shall cover the period 1 August to 31 July.\n3. The guide price shall relate to a standard quality. This quality shall be determined by the Council in accordance with the procedure referred to in paragraph 1.\n1. When the guide price valid for a marketing year is higher than the average world market price for linseed, a subsidy equal to the difference between these two prices shall be granted for linseed harvested in the Community.\n2. The subsidy shall be granted for a production figure obtained by applying an indicative yield to the surface areas sown and harvested. The indicative yield may be differentiated, taking into account the characteristics of the flax produced and the yield ascertained in the major producing areas in the Community.\nHowever, if for the 1976/77 marketing year, as a result of the application of the above subparagraph, the amount of aid for flax grown mainly for seed is less than 125 u.a. per hectare of area sown and harvested, the amount of aid to be granted shall be fixed at 125 u.a. per hectare.\n3. The Council, acting by qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, shall lay down: (a) the criteria for the determination of the average world market price; (1)OJ No C 53 8.3.1976, p. 24. (2)OJ No C 50 4.3.1976, p. 19.\n(b) the general rules according to which the subsidy shall be granted, as well as those concerning the checking of areas sown and harvested within the Community with a view to establishing eligibility for the subsidy.\n4. The following shall be determined in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 38 of Council Regulation No 136/66/EEC of 22 September 1966 on the establishment of a common organization of the market in oils and fats (1): (a) the average world market price;\n(b) detailed rules for the application of the present Article.\nMember States and the Commission shall communicate to each other the information necessary for the application of this Regulation. This information shall be decided upon in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 38 of Regulation No 136/66/EEC. Detailed rules concerning the communication and dissemination of this information shall be adopted in accordance with the same procedure.\nThe provisions on the financing of the common agricultural policy shall apply to the subsidy system provided for in this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["intervention price", "seed flax", "norm price"], "distractor groups": ["gas appliance", "approval", "reparcelling", "world production", "Germany", "Socialist Party", "tax inspection", "job creation", "Central Bohemia", "trade licence", "solvent", "clothing industry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/64/EC: Commission Decision of 28 January 2003 on provisional measures to prevent the introduction into and the spread within the Community of pepino mosaic virus as regards tomato plants, intended for planting (notified under document number C(2003) 339)\nCommission Decision\nof 28 January 2003\non provisional measures to prevent the introduction into and the spread within the Community of pepino mosaic virus as regards tomato plants, intended for planting\n(notified under document number C(2003) 339)\n(2003/64/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community(1), as last amended by Directive 2002/89/EC(2), and in particular the third sentence of Article 16(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In late 1999 and early 2000, Germany, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom informed the other Member States and the Commission of outbreaks of pepino mosaic virus on tomato crops in their respective countries and of the measures taken to control it.\n(2) By Commission Decision 2001/536/EC(3), Member States were provisionally required to take measures against the introduction into and the spread within the Community of pepino mosaic virus as regards tomato plants, intended for planting, other than seeds.\n(3) In official surveys carried out by Member States pursuant to Decision 2001/536/EC, new outbreaks have been detected. Moreover, pepino mosaic virus is present in several third countries.\n(4) Pepino mosaic virus is currently not listed in Annex I or Annex II to Directive 2000/29/EC. However, a preliminary pest risk analysis carried out by several Member States based on available scientific information has demonstrated that pepino mosaic virus and its damaging effects could be of significant plant health concern to the Community, in particular for protected tomato production. The risk to out-door production of tomatoes and of other solanaceae crops, especially potatoes, has not yet fully been established. The Commission has asked the Member States to continue scientific research work and to deliver an opinion on the risk of pepino mosaic virus to out-door production of tomatoes and of other solanaceae crops. At this stage, the scientific work performed on the pepino mosaic virus has not provided sufficient clarification to revise that preliminary pest risk analysis.\n(5) Accordingly, as Decision 2001/536/EC has expired, it is necessary to provide for provisional measures against pepino mosaic virus.\n(6) The source of contamination on premises involved in tomato fruit production has not been identified to date. The Member States should therefore conduct official surveys to determine the sources of contamination as well as the pathway of introduction.\n(7) Although the role of tomato seed as source of infection is not yet fully clarified, it is likely that seed plays an important role. Consequently the measures set out in this Decision should also apply to tomato seeds.\n(8) Those measures should apply to the introduction or the spread within the Community of pepino mosaic virus, the inspection of tomato plants intended for planting, originating in third countries and the movement of tomato plants, intended for planting. They should also include more general monitoring for the presence of pepino mosaic virus in the Member States.\n(9) It is appropriate that the results of such measures be continually assessed, and possible subsequent measures be considered in the light of the results of that assessment. The subsequent measures should also take into account the information to be provided and the scientific opinion to be delivered by the Member States.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nThe introduction into and movement within the Community of plants of tomato, Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Karsten ex Farw., intended for planting, contaminated by pepino mosaic virus shall be prohibited.\nPlants of tomato, intended for planting, originating in third countries, shall meet the conditions laid down in points 1 or 2 of the Annex. They shall be inspected on entry into the Community for the presence of pepino mosaic virus, in accordance with Article 13(1)(a) of Directive 2000/29/EC, mutatis mutandis.\n1. Plants of tomato, intended for planting, may not be moved from their place of production unless they meet the conditions laid down in points 3 or 4 of the Annex.\n2. The first paragraph shall not apply to movement of plants intended for sale to final consumers not involved in professional plant production, provided that the packaging of the plants or other indications clearly show that they are intended for sale to such consumer.\nMember States shall conduct official surveys at least on premises involved in the production of tomato plants and tomato fruit, for the presence of pepino mosaic virus.\nWithout prejudice to Article 16(2) of Directive 2000/29/EC, the results of the surveys provided for in the first paragraph shall be notified to the Commission and to the other Member States by 30 September 2003.\nThe Commission shall review the operation of this Decision by 31 October 2003 at the latest.\nThis Decision shall cease to apply on 31 January 2004.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["plant health legislation", "plant health control", "fruit vegetable", "seedling", "protection of plant life", "plant disease", "parasitology"], "distractor groups": ["Ecu", "fracking", "percolation water", "repeal", "provision of services", "population census", "youth movement", "education grant"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2772/77 of 14 December 1977 amending Regulations (EEC) No 368/77, (EEC) No 443/77 and (EEC) No 938/77 as regards the application of monetary compensatory amounts to certain products containing denatured milk powder\n( 1 ) OJ NO L 148 , 28 . 6 . 1968 , P . 13 .\n( 2 ) OJ NO L 303 , 28 . 11 . 1977 , P . 1 .\n( 3 ) OJ NO L 106 , 12 . 5 . 1971 , P . 1 .\n( 4 ) OJ NO L 67 , 15 . 3 . 1976 , P . 1 .\n( 5 ) OJ NO L 52 , 24 . 2 . 1977 , P . 19 .\n( 6 ) OJ NO L 277 , 29 . 10 . 1977 , P . 35 .\n( 7 ) OJ NO L 58 , 3 . 3 . 1977 , P . 16 .\n( 8 ) OJ NO L 110 , 30 . 4 . 1977 , P . 6 .\n( 9 ) OJ NO L 317 , 12 . 12 . 1977 , P . 1 .\nCOMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 2772/77\nOF 14 DECEMBER 1977\nAMENDING REGULATIONS ( EEC ) NO 368/77 , ( EEC ) NO 443/77 AND ( EEC ) NO 938/77 AS REGARDS THE APPLICATION OF MONETARY COMPENSATORY AMOUNTS TO CERTAIN PRODUCTS CONTAINING DENATURED MILK POWDER\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHAVING REGARD TO THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY ,\nHAVING REGARD TO COUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 804/68 OF 27 JUNE 1968 ON THE COMMON ORGANIZATION OF THE MARKET IN MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS ( 1 ), AS LAST AMENDED BY REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 2560/77 ( 2 ), AND IN PARTICULAR ARTICLE 7 ( 5 ) THEREOF ,\nHAVING REGARD TO COUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 974/71 OF 12 MAY 1971 ON CERTAIN MEASURES OF CONJUNCTURAL POLICY TO BE TAKEN IN AGRICULTURE FOLLOWING THE TEMPORARY WIDENING OF THE MARGINS OF FLUCTUATION FOR THE CURRENCIES OF CERTAIN MEMBER STATES ( 3 ), AS LAST AMENDED BY REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 557/76 ( 4 ), AND IN PARTICULAR ARTICLE 6 THEREOF ,\nWHEREAS ARTICLE 19 OF COMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 368/77 OF 23 FEBRUARY 1977 ON THE SALE BY TENDER OF SKIMMED-MILK POWDER FOR USE IN FEED FOR PIGS AND POULTRY ( 5 ), AS LAST AMENDED BY REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 2378/77 ( 6 ), PROVIDES THAT A COEFFICIENT IS TO APPLY TO THE COMPENSATORY AMOUNTS FIXED FOR CERTAIN PRODUCTS CONTAINING DENATURED MILK POWDER ; WHEREAS , PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9 ( C ) OF COMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 443/77 OF 2 MARCH 1977 ON THE SALE AT A FIXED PRICE OF SKIMMED-MILK POWDER FOR USE IN FEED FOR PIGS AND POULTRY AND AMENDING REGULATIONS ( EEC ) NO 1687/76 AND ( EEC ) NO 368/77 ( 7 ), THAT PROVISION APPLIES ALSO TO PRODUCTS DENATURED UNDER THE SAID REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 443/77 ; WHEREAS THE DENATURED PRODUCTS IN QUESTION FALL WITHIN SUBHEADING 23.07 B OF THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF ; WHEREAS , FOR REASONS OF CLARITY , ARTICLE 19 OF REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 368/77 SHOULD STATE EXPRESSLY THAT THE REFERENCE TO SUBHEADING 04.02 A II B ) 1 APPLIES ONLY TO SKIMMED-MILK POWDER IN ITS NATURAL STATE ;\nWHEREAS THIS AMENDMENT SHOULD BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN NOTE ( 2 ) TO PART 5 OF ANNEX I TO COMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 938/77 OF 29 APRIL 1977 FIXING THE MONETARY COMPENSATORY AMOUNTS AND CERTAIN RATES FOR THEIR APPLICATION ( 8 ), AS LAST AMENDED BY REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 2730/77 ( 9 );\nWHEREAS THE MEASURES PROVIDED FOR IN THIS REGULATION ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE OPINION OF THE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE FOR MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS ,\nARTICLE 19 OF REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 368/77 IS HEREBY AMENDED TO READ AS FOLLOWS :\n' ARTICLE 19\n1 . THE AID PROVIDED FOR IN ARTICLE 10 OF REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 804/68 SHALL NOT BE GRANTED TO SKIMMED-MILK POWDER SOLD UNDER THIS REGULATION .\n2 . IN THE CASE OF SKIMMED-MILK POWDER SOLD UNDER THIS REGULATION AND :\n- DISPATCHED TO ANOTHER MEMBER STATE IN ITS NATURAL STATE , THE MONETARY COMPENSATORY AMOUNT FIXED PURSUANT TO REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 974/71 SHALL , IN THE CASE OF PRODUCTS FALLING WITHIN SUBHEADING 04.02 A II B ) 1 OF THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF , BE MULTIPLIED BY 0.15 ,\n- DISPATCHED TO ANOTHER MEMBER STATE OR EXPORTED TO NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES EITHER AFTER DENATURING OR AFTER INCORPORATION IN COMPOUND FEEDINGSTUFFS , THE MONETARY COMPENSATORY AMOUNTS FIXED PURSUANT TO REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 974/71 SHALL , IN THE CASE OF PRODUCTS FALLING WITHIN SUBHEADINGS :\n- 23.07 B I A ) 3 ,\n- 23.07 B I A ) 4 ,\n- 23.07 B I B ) 3 ,\n- 23.07 B I C ) 3 ,\n- 23.07 B II ,\nOF THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF , BE MULTIPLIED BY 0.25 . '\nTHE THIRD PARAGRAPH OF NOTE ( 2 ) TO PART 5 OF ANNEX I TO REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 938/77 IS HEREBY AMENDED TO READ AS FOLLOWS :\n' IN THE CASE OF SKIMMED-MILK POWDER SOLD UNDER REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 368/77 ( OJ NO L 52 , 24 . 2 . 1977 ) AND REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 443/77 ( OJ NO L 58 , 3 . 3 . 1977 ) AND DISPATCHED IN ITS NATURAL STATE TO ANOTHER MEMBER STATE , THE AMOUNT INDICATED SHALL BE MULTIPLIED BY THE COEFFICIENT 0.15 . '\nTHIS REGULATION SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE ON 1 JANUARY 1978 .\nTHIS REGULATION SHALL BE BINDING IN ITS ENTIRETY AND DIRECTLY APPLICABLE IN ALL MEMBER STATES ", "answer groups": ["award of contract", "processed foodstuff", "animal nutrition", "skimmed milk powder", "denaturing", "monetary compensatory amount"], "distractor groups": ["law of war", "Oman", "area of freedom, security and justice", "legal capacity", "Centre for the Development of Enterprise", "rural tourism", "legal deposit", "intangible asset", "disabled person"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 82/622/EEC of 1 July 1982 adapting to technical progress for the second time Council Directive 73/360/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to non-automatic weighing machines\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE of 1 July 1982 adapting to technical progress for the second time Council Directive 73/360/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to non-automatic weighing machines (82/622/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 71/316/EEC of 26 July 1971 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to common provisions for both measuring instruments and methods of metrological control (1), as last amended by the Act of Accession of Greece, and in particular Article 17 thereof,\nWhereas, since the preparation and adoption of Directive 73/360/EEC (2), as last amended by Commission Directive 76/696/EEC (3), new and more advanced weighing machines have been developed ; whereas the said Directive should therefore be amended to take account of technical progress;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives for the Elimination of Technical Barriers to Trade in Measuring Instruments,\nIn the Annex to Directive 73/360/EEC, the texts of items 2.4.3, 10.4.5, 10.4.7, 10.4.8, 10.4.9, 10.8.1.2, 10.8.1.5, 10.13.2.1.6, 10.13.2.3.1 and 16.4.4 are hereby replaced, and items 10.13.12.1.10 and 11.5.1.3 added in accordance with the Annex hereto. Items 10.13.2.2.3 and 12.3.1.7.2 are hereby deleted.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary in order to comply with this Directive on 1 May 1983. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["measuring equipment", "Community certification", "metrology", "technological change", "approximation of laws"], "distractor groups": ["South Asia", "imposed price", "majority voting", "natural hazard", "legislative power", "Caribbean Islands", "post-communism", "world production", "office worker", "conglomerate"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0568/2007 of 24 May 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0996/97 on the opening and administration of an import tariff quota for frozen thin skirt of bovine animals falling within CN code 02062991\n25.5.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 133/15\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 568/2007\nof 24 May 2007\namending Regulation (EC) No 996/97 on the opening and administration of an import tariff quota for frozen thin skirt of bovine animals falling within CN code 0206\u00a029\u00a091\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in beef and veal\u00a0(1), and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 32(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 996/97\u00a0(2) provides for the opening and administration, on a multi-annual basis, of an import tariff quota for frozen thin skirt of bovine animals falling within CN code 0206\u00a029\u00a091.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 of 31 August 2006 laying down common rules for the administration of import tariff quotas for agricultural products managed by a system of import licences\u00a0(3) applies to import licences for import tariff quota periods starting from 1 January 2007.\n(3) For the quantities originating in and coming from Argentina, as referred to in Article 1(3)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 996/97, the provisions of Chapter III of Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 should apply, from 1 July 2007, to import licences issued pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 996/97, without prejudice to additional conditions laid down in that Regulation.\n(4) For the quantities originating in and coming from third countries other than Argentina, as referred to in Article 1(3)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 996/97, the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 on applications for import licences, the status of applicants and the issue of licences should apply. Chapter I and II of Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 should therefore apply, from 1 July 2007, to imports licences issued for those quantities pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 996/97, without prejudice to additional conditions laid down in that Regulation.\n(5) It is necessary to align the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 996/97 on Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 where appropriate. That Regulation, in particular, limits the period of validity of licences to the last day of the import tariff quota period.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 996/97 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\nRegulation (EC) No 996/97 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(b) the following paragraph 6 is added:\n2. Article 2 is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 is deleted;\n(b) in paragraph 2, point (a) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(a) in section 8, the country of origin and, for the import of the quantities referred to in Article 1(3)(a), the box \u201cyes\u201d shall be ticked;\u2019.\n(c) paragraph 3 is deleted;\n3. in Article 5(2), the second subparagraph is deleted;\n4. Article 7 is replaced by the following:\n5. Article 8 is replaced by the following:\n6. Article 9 is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["frozen product", "certificate of origin", "import licence", "third country", "tariff quota", "beef"], "distractor groups": ["amorphous materials", "Kaliningrad question", "price index", "unification of Germany", "building services", "regions of the United Kingdom", "Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries", "energy efficiency", "non-proliferation of arms"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01119/2007 of 27 September 2007 derogating from Regulation (EC) No\u00a0581/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for export refunds concerning certain types of butter and from Regulation (EC) No\u00a0582/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for exports refunds concerning skimmed milk powder\n28.9.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 253/23\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1119/2007\nof 27 September 2007\nderogating from Regulation (EC) No 581/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for export refunds concerning certain types of butter and from Regulation (EC) No 582/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for exports refunds concerning skimmed milk powder\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 31(3)(b) and 14 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The present situation on the market for milk and milk products has allowed Commission Regulation (EC) No 660/2007 of 14 June 2007 fixing the export refunds for milk and milk products\u00a0(2) not to provide for export refunds from 15 June 2007. This situation is likely to remain for some months.\n(2) Article 2(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 581/2004\u00a0(3) and Article 2(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 582/2004\u00a0(4), lay down the application period for tender export refund certificates for butter and skimmed milk powder. Given the current market situation and with a view to avoid unnecessary administrative procedures and charges it is appropriate and found sufficient to have one single tender application period per month in the last quarter of 2007.\n(3) It is therefore necessary to derogate from Regulations (EC) No 581/2004 and (EC) No 582/2004.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Milk and Milk Products,\nBy way of derogation from Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 581/2004, the tendering periods for the months October to December 2007 shall be the following:\n(a) for October 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 9 and end on 16 October;\n(b) for November 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 6 and end on 13 November;\n(c) for December 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 4 and end on 11 December.\nIf the starting date is a public holiday, the period shall begin on the following working day. If the end date is a public holiday, it shall end on the previous working day.\nTendering periods shall start and end at 13:00 (Brussels time).\nBy way of derogation from Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 582/2004, the tendering periods for the months October to December 2007 shall be the following:\n(a) for October 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 9 and end on 16 October;\n(b) for November 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 6 and end on 13 November;\n(c) for December 2007 the tendering period shall begin on 4 and end on 11 December.\nIf the starting date is a public holiday, the period shall begin on the following working day. If the end date is a public holiday, it shall end on the previous working day.\nTendering periods shall start and end at 13:00 (Brussels time).\nMember States shall inform the operators of the new dates by the means which they consider the most appropriate.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["skimmed milk powder", "export refund", "butter", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["sugar", "International Court of Justice", "recognition of diplomas", "public morality", "Speaker of Parliament", "geopolitics", "drugs classification", "Member of Parliament", "GATT", "Munster", "Council of Arab Economic Unity"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/472/EC: Council Decision of 25 June 2007 amending the Decision of the Executive Committee set up by the 1990 Schengen Convention, amending the Financial Regulation on the costs of installing and operating the technical support function for the Schengen Information System (C.SIS)\n7.7.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 179/50\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 25 June 2007\namending the Decision of the Executive Committee set up by the 1990 Schengen Convention, amending the Financial Regulation on the costs of installing and operating the technical support function for the Schengen Information System (C.SIS)\n(2007/472/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to Article 119 of the Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985 between the Governments of the States of the Benelux Economic Union, the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic on the gradual abolition of checks at their common borders (the 1990 Schengen Convention),\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 119 of the 1990 Schengen Convention provides that the costs arising from the installation and operation of the C.SIS, referred to in Article 92(3) thereof, are to be borne jointly by the Contracting Parties.\n(2) The financial obligations arising from the installation and operation of the C.SIS are regulated by a specific Financial Regulation adopted by the Decision of the Schengen Executive Committee of 15 December 1997 concerning the modification of the C.SIS Financial Regulation (hereinafter the C.SIS Financial Regulation).\n(3) The C.SIS Financial Regulation applies to Denmark, Finland and Sweden, as well as to Iceland and Norway by virtue of Decision 2000/777/EC\u00a0(1).\n(4) The new Member States, with the exception of Cyprus, are to be integrated into the first generation Schengen Information System (SIS 1+) on a date to be set by the Council in accordance with Article 3(2) of the 2003 Act of Accession, within the framework of the SISone4ALL project.\n(5) From that date onwards those Member States should participate in the C.SIS Financial Regulation.\n(6) It is reasonable that those Member States contribute to historical C.SIS costs. However, since they only joined the European Union in 2004, it is considered appropriate that they should contribute to historical costs in relation to the installation of the C.SIS from 1 January 2005. It is also considered reasonable that they contribute to historical operating costs from 1 January 2007.\n(7) As regards Iceland and Norway, this Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement concluded by the Council of the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway concerning the association of those two States with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis\n\u00a0(2) which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point G, of Decision 1999/437/EC\u00a0(3) on certain arrangements for the application of that Agreement.\n(8) As regards Switzerland, this Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement signed between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the association of the Swiss Confederation with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis which falls within the area referred to in Article 1, point G, of Decision 1999/437/EC read in conjunction with Article 4(1) of Decisions 2004/849/EC\u00a0(4) and 2004/860/EC\u00a0(5).\n(9) The United Kingdom is taking part in this Decision, in accordance with Article 5 of the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and Article 8(2) of Decision 2000/365/EC\u00a0(6).\n(10) Ireland is taking part in this Decision, in accordance with Article 5 of the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and Article 6(2) of Decision 2002/192/EC\u00a0(7).\n(11) As regards the Republic of Cyprus, this Decision constitutes a provision building on the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it within the meaning of Article 3(2) of the 2003 Act of Accession.\n(12) This Decision constitutes a provision building on the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it within the meaning of Article 4(2) of the 2005 Act of Accession,\nThe following indent shall be added to point 3 of Title I of the C.SIS Financial Regulation:\n\u2018\u2014 in the case of the States which became Members of the European Union in 2004, this amount shall only be calculated on the basis of the costs incurred for the installation of the C.SIS as of 1 January 2005. They shall also contribute to the operating costs of the C.SIS as of 1 January 2007.\u2019\nThis Decision shall take effect from the date of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["Schengen Information System", "equipment cost", "operating cost", "financial regulation"], "distractor groups": ["trade cooperation", "fourth Lom\u00e9 Convention", "kapok", "Iraq", "international division of labour", "budgetary specification", "small town", "fight against wastage", "discounting", "sociocultural group", "consumer society"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1743/2006 of 24 November 2006 concerning the permanent authorisation of an additive in feedingstuffs (Text with EEA relevance)\n25.11.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 329/16\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1743/2006\nof 24 November 2006\nconcerning the permanent authorisation of an additive in feedingstuffs\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 70/524/EEC of 23 November 1970 concerning additives in feedingstuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 3, and 9d(1) thereof,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 25 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 provides for the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition.\n(2) Article 25 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 lays down transitional measures for applications for the authorisation of feed additives submitted in accordance with Directive 70/524/EEC before the date of application of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(3) The application for authorisation of the additive listed in the Annex to this Regulation was submitted before the date of application of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(4) Initial comments on this application, as provided for in Article 4(4) of Directive 70/524/EEC, was forwarded to the Commission before the date of application of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003. This application is therefore to continue to be treated in accordance with Article 4 of Directive 70/524/EEC.\n(5) Data were submitted in support of this application for authorisation without a time limit of the enzyme preparation of 6-phytase EC 3.1.3.26 produced by Schizosaccharomyces pombe (ATCC 5233) for chickens for fattening. On 20 April 2006 the European Food Safety Authority delivered its opinion on the safety and efficacy of that preparation.\n(6) The assessment shows that the conditions laid down in Article 3a of Directive 70/524/EEC for such authorisation are satisfied. Accordingly, the use of that enzyme preparation, as specified in Annex to this Regulation, should be authorised without a time limit.\n(7) The assessment of this application shows that certain procedures should be required to protect workers from exposure to the additive set out in the Annex. Such protection should be assured by the application of Council Directive 89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work\u00a0(3).\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe preparation belonging to the group \u2018Enzymes\u2019, as specified in the Annex, is authorised without a time limit as an additives in animal nutrition under the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food additive", "foodstuffs legislation", "animal nutrition", "enzyme"], "distractor groups": ["social conflict", "plywood", "distribution business", "Suez Canal", "seed", "support price", "combat vehicle", "Liguria", "sugar beet", "war of independence", "form"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2005/18/EC of 2 March 2005 amending Directive 2001/32/EC as regards certain protected zones exposed to particular plant health risks in the Community\n3.3.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 57/25\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2005/18/EC\nof 2 March 2005\namending Directive 2001/32/EC as regards certain protected zones exposed to particular plant health risks in the Community\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 2(1)(h) thereof,\nHaving regard to the requests made by the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom,\nWhereas:\n(1) From information supplied by the Czech Republic, Denmark, Greece (as far as Crete and Lesvos are concerned), Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom (including the Channel Islands but not the Isle of Man), it appears that Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr. is not present in the territory of these countries. Therefore these countries should be recognised as protected zones for Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr.\n(2) From information supplied by Denmark based on updated surveys, Denmark should no longer be recognised as a protected zone in respect of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus as it appears that this harmful organism is now established in Denmark.\n(3) From information supplied by Estonia based on updated surveys, it appears that Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winsl. et al. is not present in the territory of Estonia. Therefore, Estonia should be recognised temporarily as a protected zone for this organism.\n(4) From information supplied by the United Kingdom based on updated surveys for the presence of Dendroctonus micans Kugelan, it appears that this harmful organism is now established in some parts of the United Kingdom but not in Northern Ireland, nor in the Isle of Man or Jersey. The protected zone should therefore be modified and restricted to Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and Jersey.\n(5) From information supplied by Italy based on updated surveys and from additional information collected by the Food and Veterinary Office during a mission in Italy in May 2004, it appears that this harmful organism is now established in this country. Italy should therefore no longer be recognised as a protected zone in respect of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV).\n(6) From information supplied by Sweden, it appears that some names of counties in Sweden recognised as protected zone for Leptinotarsa decemlineata may need to be corrected typographically.\n(7) Directive 2001/32/EC\u00a0(2) should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nDirective 2001/32/EC is amended as follows:\n1. at the end of Article 1 the following paragraph is added:\n2. the Annex is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall adopt and publish, by 14 May 2005 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall apply those provisions from 15 May 2005.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such a reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of domestic law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["protection of plant life", "plant disease", "EU Member State", "plant health control"], "distractor groups": ["gender mainstreaming", "bracket rate", "East Timor", "production target", "secondary education", "semi-manufactured goods", "honour", "petroleum product", "protective clause", "privilege", "meat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/467/EC: Commission Decision of 23 June 2003 establishing the official tuberculosis, brucellosis, and enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of Member States as regards bovine herds (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2003) 1925)\nCommission Decision\nof 23 June 2003\nestablishing the official tuberculosis, brucellosis, and enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of Member States as regards bovine herds\n(notified under document number C(2003) 1925)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2003/467/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 64/432/EEC of 26 June 1964 on health problems affecting intra-Community trade in bovine animals and swine(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1226/2002(2), and in particular Annex A(I)(4), Annex A(II)(7) and Annex D(I)(E) thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 64/432/EEC provides that Member States or parts or regions thereof may be declared officially free of tuberculosis, brucellosis and enzootic bovine leukosis as regards bovine herds subject to compliance with certain conditions set out in that Directive.\n(2) Commission Decision 1999/467/EC(3), as last amended by Decision 2001/26/EC(4), established the official tuberculosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of Member States as regards bovine herds.\n(3) Commission Decision 1999/466/EC(5), as last amended by Decision 2003/164/EEC(6), established the official brucellosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of Member States as regards bovine herds.\n(4) Commission Decision 1999/465/EC(7), as last amended by Decision 2003/177/EEC(8), established the official enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of Member States.\n(5) Belgium as regards the territory of that Member State, and Italy as regards the provinces of Ascoli Piceno, Bergamo, Lecco and Sondrio submitted to the Commission documentation demonstrating compliance with all the conditions provided for in Directive 64/432/EEC, in order that the territory of Belgium and those regions of Italy may be declared officially free of tuberculosis as regards bovine herds.\n(6) Belgium as regards the territory of that Member State, and Italy as regards the region of Sardinia and the provinces of Ascoli Piceno, Bergamo, Como, Lecco, Mantova, Sondrio, Trento and Varese submitted to the Commission documentation demonstrating compliance with all the conditions provided for in Directive 64/432/EEC, in order that the territory of Belgium and those regions of Italy may be declared officially free of brucellosis as regards bovine herds.\n(7) Italy submitted to the Commission documentation demonstrating compliance with all the conditions provided for in Directive 64/432/EEC, as regards the provinces of Ascoli Piceno, Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Lecco, Mantova, Sondrio and Varese in order that those regions may be declared officially free of enzootic bovine leukosis.\n(8) In the interests of clarity, the lists of Member States and regions of Member States declared officially free of tuberculosis, brucellosis and enzootic bovine leukosis, as regards bovine herds, should be set out in the same act. Accordingly, Decisions 1999/467/EEC, 1999/466/EEC and 1999/465/EEC should be repealed.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nOfficially tuberculosis-free Member States and Regions of Member States\n1. The Member States listed in Chapter 1 of Annex I are declared officially free of tuberculosis as regards bovine herds.\n2. The regions of the Member States listed in Chapter 2 of Annex 1 are declared officially free of tuberculosis as regards bovine herds.\nOfficially brucellosis-free Member States and Regions of Member States\n1. The Member States listed in Chapter 1 of Annex II are declared officially free of brucellosis as regards bovine herds.\n2. The regions of the Member States listed in Chapter 2 of Annex II are declared officially free of brucellosis as regards bovine herds.\nOfficially enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free Member States and Regions of Member States\n1. The Member States listed in Chapter 1 of Annex III are declared officially free of enzootic bovine leukosis.\n2. The regions of the Member States listed in Chapter 2 of Annex III are declared officially free of enzootic bovine leukosis.\nRepeals\nDecisions 1999/465/EC, 1999/466/EC and 1999/467/EC are repealed.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["brucellosis", "cattle", "animal tuberculosis", "zoonosis", "EU Member State", "veterinary inspection", "animal leucosis"], "distractor groups": ["Northern Hungary", "military intervention", "offshoring", "political morality", "national tax", "economic aggregate", "opinion of the Court of Auditors", "Tulcea"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a01206/2012 of 14\u00a0December 2012 concerning the authorisation of a preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287) as a feed additive for poultry for fattening, weaned piglets and pigs for fattening and amending Regulations (EC) No\u00a01332/2004 and (EC) No\u00a02036/2005 (holder of the authorisation DSM Nutritional Products) Text with EEA relevance\n15.12.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 347/12\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 1206/2012\nof 14 December 2012\nconcerning the authorisation of a preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287) as a feed additive for poultry for fattening, weaned piglets and pigs for fattening and amending Regulations (EC) No 1332/2004 and (EC) No 2036/2005 (holder of the authorisation DSM Nutritional Products)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 provides for the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition and for the grounds and procedures for granting such authorisation. Article 10 of that Regulation provides for the re-evaluation of additives authorised pursuant to Council Directive 70/524/EEC\u00a0(2).\n(2) A preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287) was authorised without a time limit in accordance with Directive 70/524/EEC as a feed additive for use on chickens for fattening, turkeys for fattening and piglets by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1332/2004\u00a0(3) and authorised for four years for pigs for fattening and ducks by Commission Regulation (EC) No 2036/2005\u00a0(4). That preparation was subsequently entered in the Register of feed additives as an existing product, in accordance with Article 10(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(3) In accordance with Article 10(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 in conjunction with Article 7 of that Regulation, an application was submitted for the re-evaluation of that preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287), as a feed additive for chickens and turkeys for fattening, weaned piglets, pigs for fattening and ducks and, in accordance with Article 7 of that Regulation, for a new use for all poultry species for fattening, requesting that additive to be classified in the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019. That application was accompanied by the particulars and documents required under Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(4) The European Food Safety Authority (\u2018the Authority\u2019) concluded in its opinion of 12 June 2012\u00a0(5) that, under the proposed conditions of use, the preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287), does not have an adverse effect on animal health, human health or the environment, and that it has a potential to favourably affect animal performance in chickens for fattening, turkeys for fattening and ducks for fattening. This conclusion can be extrapolated to all minor poultry species for fattening. It is also concluded that the additive has the potential to favourably affect animal performance in piglets and pigs for fattening. The Authority does not consider that there is a need for specific requirements of post-market monitoring. It also verified the report on the method of analysis of the feed additive in feed submitted by the Reference Laboratory set up by Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(5) The assessment of the preparation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Aspergillus oryzae (DSM 10287) shows that the conditions for authorisation, as provided for in Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, are satisfied. Accordingly, the use of that preparation should be authorised as specified in the Annex to this Regulation.\n(6) As a consequence of the granting of a new authorisation under Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, Regulations (EC) No 1332/2004 and (EC) No 2036/2005 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) Since safety reasons do not require the immediate application of the modifications to the conditions of authorisation, it is appropriate to allow a transitional period for interested parties to prepare themselves to meet the new requirements resulting from the authorisation.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAuthorisation\nThe preparation specified in the Annex, belonging to the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019 and to the functional group \u2018digestibility enhancers\u2019, is authorised as an additive in animal nutrition, subject to the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nAmendments to Regulation (EC) No 1332/2004\nRegulation (EC) No 1332/2004 is amended as follows:\n(1) Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n(2) Annex I is deleted.\nAmendment to Regulation (EC) No 2036/2005\nIn Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 2036/2005, the entry for No 5, Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase EC 3.2.1.8, is deleted.\nTransitional measures\nThe preparation specified in the Annex and feed containing that preparation, which are produced and labelled before 4 July 2013 in accordance with the rules applicable before 4 January 2013 may continue to be placed on the market and used until the existing stocks are exhausted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food safety", "animal feedingstuffs", "food additive", "poultry", "enzyme", "swine", "market approval"], "distractor groups": ["refugee", "status of Jerusalem", "axle weight", "redirection of production", "rule of law", "promulgation of a law", "triticale", "mortality"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01152/2007 of 26 September 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01255/1999 on the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products\n4.10.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 258/3\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1152/2007\nof 26 September 2007\namending Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 on the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 37 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 7(1) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999\u00a0(2) sets up the minimum requirement for the protein content of skimmed milk powder bought into intervention at 35,6\u00a0% of the non-fatty dry extract. Following the allowance in the Community of standardisation to 34\u00a0% of certain dehydrated preserved milk, it is appropriate for the good management of intervention stocks to provide that the intervention quality is fixed at that level. The intervention price of skimmed milk powder, set up in Article 4(1) of that Regulation, should be amended to take into account the new standard for protein content.\n(2) Article 6(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 provides for the buying in of butter by the intervention agencies when market prices of butter over two weeks are less than 92\u00a0% of the intervention prices. The operation of such arrangement is administratively cumbersome. In the light of the most recent amendments of the intervention system and with a view to simplifying that system, the trigger arrangement should be abolished.\n(3) Article 6(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 provides that aid for private storage of butter can only be granted on butter classified according to national quality grades. The application of different quality grades in Member States leads to different treatment with respect to the aid. In order to provide for equal treatment and simplify the administration for the aid for private storage, the national quality criteria should be replaced by Community criteria used for other market support.\n(4) In accordance with Article 6(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999, aid for private storage of cream is to be granted as a market support measure. Equally, pursuant to Article 7(3) of that Regulation aid for private storage of skimmed milk powder may be granted. These two support measures have in practice been inactive for a long time, even when there was a serious imbalance on the markets for milk fat and proteins. They may therefore be considered obsolete and should be abolished.\n(5) Article 13(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 provides for the possibility for military forces to buy butter at reduced prices. However, that provision has not been applied since 1989 and such support scheme is deemed not necessary.\n(6) Article 14(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 sets up the aid level for milk supplied to pupils in educational establishments and provides for the adaptation of the aid level for other eligible products. With a view to simplify the school milk scheme, while responding to today\u2019s health and nutritional tendencies, a flat rate aid should be set for all categories of milk.\n(7) Article 26 of Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 provides for the obligatory use of an import licence for all imports of products referred to in Article 1 thereof. Monitoring systems other than the licensing system are now available providing more accurate, updated and transparent information. Where appropriate, such systems should equally be applied for the import of dairy products. The request for an import licence should therefore not be compulsory, whilst the Commission should be empowered to introduce a licensing system when necessary.\n(8) Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 should be amended accordingly,\nRegulation (EC) No 1255/1999 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. Article 4(1)(b) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018(b) skimmed milk powder: 169,80.\u2019.\n2. Article 6 shall be amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:\n(b) the second subparagraph of paragraph 2 shall be deleted;\n(c) paragraph 3 shall be amended as follows:\n(i) the first subparagraph shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2014 unsalted butter produced from cream or milk in an approved undertaking of the Community of a minimum butterfat content, by weight, of 82\u00a0%, a maximum milk solids non-fat content, by weight, of 2\u00a0% and a maximum water content, by weight, of 16\u00a0%,\n\u2014 salted butter produced from cream or milk in an approved undertaking of the Community of a minimum butterfat content, by weight, of 80\u00a0%, a maximum milk solids non-fat content, by weight, of 2\u00a0%, a maximum water content, by weight, of 16\u00a0% and a maximum salt content, by weight, of 2\u00a0%.\u2019;\n(ii) the second subparagraph shall be deleted;\n(iii) in the fourth and fifth subparagraphs the words \u2018cream or\u2019 shall be deleted.\n3. Article 7 shall be amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2014 meets a minimum protein content of 34,0\u00a0% by weight of the fat free dry matter,\n\u2014 meets preservation requirements to be laid down,\n\u2014 meets conditions to be determined as regards the minimum quantity and packaging.\n(b) paragraphs 3 and 5 shall be deleted.\n4. Article 10(a) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018(a) the detailed rules for the application of this chapter;\u2019.\n5. Article 13(1)(b) shall be deleted.\n6. Article 14(3) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2014 EUR 18,15/100 kg of all milk.\n7. Article 26 shall be amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:\n(b) paragraph 3(a) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018(a) the list of products in respect of which export licences are required and the import procedures where no import licences are required;\u2019.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2008. However, points 1 and 3 of Article 1 shall apply from 1 September 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["aid to agriculture", "storage premium", "intervention agency", "intervention price", "butter", "skimmed milk powder", "purchase"], "distractor groups": ["budget authorisation", "recognition of vocational training qualifications", "habitat", "civil war", "radiobiology", "Asian-Pacific Parliamentarians' Union", "Kaliningrad question", "short-term forecast"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Fourteenth Commission Directive 92/8/EEC of 18 February 1992 adapting to technical progress Annexes III, IV, VI and VII to Council Directive 76/768/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products\nFOURTEENTH COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 92/8/EEC of 18 February 1992 adapting to technical progress Annexes III, IV, VI and VII to Council Directive 76/768/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (1), as last amended by Directive 91/184/EEC (2), and in particular Article 8 (2) thereof,\nWhereas, on the basis of the available information, the substances, colouring agents, preservatives, and ultraviolet filters whose date of admission expired on 31 December 1991 should continue to be used in cosmetic products for a further six months;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives on the removal of technical barriers to trade in the cosmetic products sector,\nDirective 76/768/EEC is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Annex III, Part 2, the date of 31 December 1991 in the 'allowed until' column is replaced by that of 30 June 1992 for the following substance:\n2.1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform);\n2. In Annex IV, Part 2, the date of 31 December 1991 in the 'allowed until' column is replaced by that of 30 June 1992 for the following numbers and denominations: 26 100, 73 900, 74 189, Solvent Yellow 98 and 15 585;\n3. In Annex VI, Part 2, the date of 31 December 1991 in the 'allowed until' column is replaced by that of 30 June 1992 for the following substances:\n2. Chlorphenesin (INN)\n15. Benzethonium chloride (INN) (+)\n16. Benzalkonium chloride (INN), bromide and saccharinate (+)\n20. Hexamidine (INN) and its salts (including isethionate and 4-hydroxybenzoate) (+)\n21. Benzylhemiformal (a 1: 1 mixture of benzyloxymethanol and (benzyloxymethoxy) methanol)\n26. Glutaraldehyde\n27. 3-Decyloxy 2-hydroxy-1-amino propane-hydro-chloride (Decominol) (INN);\n4. In Annex VII, Part 2, the date of 31 December 1991 in the 'allowed until' is replaced by that of 30 June 1992 for the following substances:\n1. N-Propoxylated ethyl-4-aminobenzoate (mixed isomers)\n2. Ethoxylated ethyl-4-aminobenzoate\n4. Glycerol 1-(4-aminobenzoate)\n5. 2-Ethylhexyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate\n6. 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate\n12. Isopentyl-4-methoxycinnamate (mixed isomers)\n13. 2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate\n16. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-4-methylbenzophenone (mexenone)\n17. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5 sulphonic acid and sodium salt (Sulisobenzone and Sulisobenzone sodium)\n24. Alpha-(2-Oxoborn-3-ylidene) toluene-4-sulphonic acid and its salts\n25. 3(4-Methylbenzylidene)-d-1-camphor\n26. 3-Benzylidene camphor\n28. 4-Isopropyl-dibenzoylmethane\n29. 4-Isopropylbenzyl salicylate\n31. 1-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)\npropane-1-3-dione\n32. 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo-2-ethylhexyl-1-oxi)-\n1,3,5-triazine.\n1. Regardless of the dates of admission mentioned in Article 1, Member States shall take all the necessary measures to ensure that as from 1 July 1992, for the substances referred to in Article 1, neither manufacturers nor importers established in the Community shall place on the market products which do not comply with the requirements of this Directive.\n2. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the products referred to in paragraph 1 containing the substances referred to in Article 1 cannot be sold or otherwise disposed of to the final consumer after 30 June 1993 if they do not comply with the requirements of this Directive.\n1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive no later than 31 December 1992. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nWhen the Member States adopt these provisions, these shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for such reference shall be adopted by Member States.\n2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["cosmetic product", "approximation of laws"], "distractor groups": ["climate change policy", "sorghum", "urban area", "proposal (EU)", "Frederiksborg (county)", "tungsten", "European Training Foundation", "V\u00e4sterbotten county", "Northern Mariana Islands", "allowances and expenses", "launch vehicle", "Palau", "zoo"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01543/2007 of 20 December 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0581/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for export refunds concerning certain types of butter and Regulation (EC) No\u00a0582/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for exports refunds concerning skimmed milk powder\n21.12.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 337/62\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1543/2007\nof 20 December 2007\namending Regulation (EC) No 581/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for export refunds concerning certain types of butter and Regulation (EC) No 582/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for exports refunds concerning skimmed milk powder\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 31(3)(b) and (14) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 1(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 581/2004\u00a0(2) and Article 1(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 582/2004\u00a0(3) open a permanent invitation to tender to determine export refunds on certain dairy products to destinations excluding certain third countries and territories.\n(2) To avoid misinterpretation of the status of those destinations, it is appropriate to distinguish between third countries and territories of European Union Member States not forming part of the customs territory of the Community.\n(3) Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 581/2004 and Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 582/2004 lay down the application period for tender export refund certificates for butter and skimmed milk powder accordingly. Given the situation on the market for milk and milk products, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1119/2007 of 27 September 2007 derogating from Regulation (EC) No 581/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for export refunds concerning certain types of butter and from Regulation (EC) No 582/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for exports refunds concerning skimmed milk powder\u00a0(4) has provided for one single tender application period per month in the last quarter of 2007.\n(4) Since that situation of the market is likely to remain, and with a view to avoid unnecessary administrative procedures and charges it is appropriate to definitely adopt this frequency on a permanent base as from January 2008.\n(5) It is therefore necessary to amend Regulations (EC) No 581/2004 and (EC) No 582/2004 accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Milk and Milk Products,\nRegulation (EC) No 581/2004 is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 1(1) the second subparagraph is replaced by the following:\n(a) third countries: Andorra, the Holy See (Vatican City State), Liechtenstein and the United States of America;\n(b) territories of EU Member States not forming part of the customs territory of the Community: Gibraltar, Ceuta, Melilla, the Communes of Livigno and Campione d\u2019Italia, Heligoland, Greenland, the Faeroe Islands and the areas of the Republic of Cyprus in which the Government of the Republic of Cyprus does not exercise effective control.\u2019;\n2. in Article 2 paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n(a) in August it shall begin at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the third Tuesday;\n(b) in December it shall begin at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the first Tuesday.\n(a) in August it shall end at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the fourth Tuesday;\n(b) in December it shall end at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the second Tuesday.\nRegulation (EC) No 582/2004 is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 1 paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(a) third countries: Andorra, the Holy See (Vatican City State), Liechtenstein and the United States of America;\n(b) territories of EU Member States not forming part of the customs territory of the Community: Gibraltar, Ceuta, Melilla, the Communes of Livigno and Campione d\u2019Italia, Heligoland, Greenland, the Faeroe Islands and the areas of the Republic of Cyprus in which the Government of the Republic of Cyprus does not exercise effective control.\n2. in Article 2 paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n(a) in August it shall begin at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the third Tuesday;\n(b) in December it shall begin at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the first Tuesday.\n(a) in August it shall end at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the fourth Tuesday;\n(b) in December it shall end at 13.00 (Brussels time) on the second Tuesday.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["skimmed milk powder", "award of contract", "butter", "export refund"], "distractor groups": ["Sharjah", "internal law of religions", "ADR agreement", "Interparliamentary Union", "budgetary amendment", "professional ethics", "retail price", "animal disease", "investment cost", "Yugoiztochen (Bulgaria)", "stabilisation and association agreement"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/219/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 24\u00a0April 2012 recognising Serbia as being free from Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckerman and Kotthoff) Davis et al. (notified under document C(2012) 2524)\n26.4.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 114/28\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 24 April 2012\nrecognising Serbia as being free from Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckerman and Kotthoff) Davis et al.\n(notified under document C(2012) 2524)\n(2012/219/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular point (12) of Part A of Annex III thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) Point (12) of Part A of Annex III to Directive 2000/29/EC provides for a general prohibition concerning the introduction into the Union of tubers of species of Solanum\u00a0L. and their hybrids, other than those specified in points (10) and (11) of that Part A, including tubers of Solanum tuberosum L., originating in third countries. That prohibition is not to apply to European third countries recognised as being free from Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckerman and Kotthoff) Davis et al. (\u2018the organism\u2019).\n(2) It appears from official reports related to survey campaigns in 2009, 2010 and 2011 supplied by Serbia and from information collected during a mission carried out in that country by the Food and Veterinary Office in November and December 2009, that the organism does not occur in Serbia and that that country has applied control, inspection and testing procedures for the organism to imports and domestic production of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L.\n(3) It is therefore appropriate to recognise Serbia as being free from the organism.\n(4) This Decision is without prejudice to any subsequent findings that may show that the organism is present in Serbia.\n(5) The Commission will request Serbia to supply, on a yearly basis, the information necessary to verify that Serbia continues to be free from the organism.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nRecognition\nSerbia is recognised as being free from Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckerman and Kotthoff) Davis et al.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["import restriction", "plant disease", "root crop", "import (EU)", "Serbia", "plant health control"], "distractor groups": ["charges for use of infrastructure", "private means of transport", "Contadora Group", "iron", "writing skills", "irradiation", "egg product", "European Committee for Standardisation", "market protection"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1396/2014 of 20 October 2014 establishing a discard plan in the Baltic Sea\n30.12.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 370/40\nCOMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 1396/2014\nof 20 October 2014\nestablishing a discard plan in the Baltic Sea\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to the Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy, amending Council Regulations (EC) No 1954/2003 and (EC) No 1224/2009 and repealing Council Regulations (EC) No 2371/2002 and (EC) No 639/2004 and Council Decision 2004/585/EC\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 15(6) and 18(1) and (3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 aims to progressively eliminate discards in all Union fisheries through the introduction of a landing obligation for catches of species subject to catch limits.\n(2) Article 15(6) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 empowers the Commission to adopt discard plans by means of a delegated act for a period of no more than 3 years on the basis of joint recommendations developed by Member States in consultation with the relevant Advisory Councils.\n(3) Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Finland and Sweden have a direct fisheries management interest in the Baltic Sea. Those Member States have submitted a joint recommendation\u00a0(2) to the Commission, after consulting the Baltic Sea Advisory Council. Scientific contribution was obtained from relevant scientific bodies. The measures included in the joint recommendation comply with Article 15(6) of Regulation (EU) No\u00a01380/2013 and therefore, in line with Article 18(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 they should be included in this Regulation.\n(4) In accordance with Article 15(1)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 the landing obligation should apply to catches of species subject to catch limits caught in small pelagic fisheries, which are fisheries for herring and sprat and in fisheries for industrial purposes in the Baltic from 1 January 2015. It should also apply to such catches in fisheries for salmon at the latest from that date. Cod is considered as a species defining certain fisheries in the Baltic Sea. Plaice is mostly caught as a by-catch in certain cod fisheries and is subject to catch limits. In accordance with Article 15(1)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 the landing obligation should in consequence apply to cod at the latest from 1 January 2015 and to plaice at the latest from 1 January 2017. In accordance with the joint recommendation, this discard plan should therefore cover all catches of herring, sprat, salmon, cod and plaice in fisheries in the Baltic Sea from 1 January 2015 or from 1 January 2017, as appropriate.\n(5) The joint recommendation includes an exemption from the landing obligation for salmon and cod caught with trap-nets, creels/pots, fyke-nets and pound nets. That exemption is based on scientific evidence of high survivability, provided by the Baltic Sea Fisheries Forum (BALTFISH) and reviewed by the Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF). STECF notes that most of the information required to justify such exemptions are included in the BALTFISH joint recommendation\u00a0(3). STECF concluded that based on the fact that such gears operate by trapping fish inside a static netting structure, as opposed to entangling or hooking for example, it seemed reasonable to assume that mortality for these gears will also be low, typically less than 10 %. However, STECF advised that further work should be undertaken to confirm whether the lower mortality assumption was valid as well as on handling practices and prevailing environmental conditions. Therefore, the exemption concerned should be included in this Regulation.\n(6) According to Article 15(10) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013, minimum conservation reference sizes (MCRS) may be established with the aim of ensuring the protection of juveniles of marine organisms. Currently, a minimum size of 38 cm applies to cod by virtue of Council Regulation (EC) No 2187/2005\u00a0(4). Scientific evidence reviewed by the STECF supports the fixing of minimum conservation reference size for cod at 35\u00a0cm. In particular, STECF concluded that there may be sound biological reasons for decreasing the current minimum size of 38 cm to reduce the current levels of discarding. It also concluded that under the landing obligation, setting a MCRS for cod at 35 cm would reduce the level of catches that may not be sold for human consumption and that there were no arguments related to first spawning to support the fixing of MCRS at 38 cm in the Baltic. Therefore, the MCRS for cod in the Baltic should be fixed at 35 cm.\n(7) This Regulation should apply from 1 January 2015 in order to comply with the time- frame set out in Article 15(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013. In accordance with Article 15(6) of that Regulation, it should apply for no more than 3 years,\nSubject matter\nThis Regulation specifies the details for implementing the landing obligation, as provided for in Article 15(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013, of the Baltic Sea, as defined in Article 4(2)(b) of that Regulation:\n(a) from 1 January 2015 as regards fisheries for herring, sprat, salmon and cod;\n(b) from 1 January 2017 as regards plaice caught in all fisheries.\nSurvivability exemption\nBy way of derogation from Article 15(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013, the landing obligation shall not apply to cod and salmon caught with trap-nets, creels/pots, fyke-nets and pound nets. All such cod and salmon may be released back into the sea.\nMinimum conservation reference sizes\nThe minimum conservation reference size for cod in the Baltic Sea shall be 35 cm.\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2017.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["fishery management", "Baltic Sea", "catch by species", "fishing controls", "sea fishing", "sea fish", "quantity of fish landed", "discarded fish", "fishing industry"], "distractor groups": ["electoral quota", "economic rights", "position of women", "oats", "Vejle (county)", "vote"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2001/2/EC of 4 January 2001 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 1999/36/EC on transportable pressure equipment (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Directive 2001/2/EC\nof 4 January 2001\nadapting to technical progress Council Directive 1999/36/EC on transportable pressure equipment\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 1999/36/EC of 29 April 1999 on transportable pressure equipment(1), and in particular Article 14 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 3(1) of Directive 1999/36/EC stipulates that new receptacles and new tanks shall meet the relevant provisions of Council Directive 94/55/EC of 21 November 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by road(2), as last amended by Directive 2000/61/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(3), and also that they shall meet the relevant provisions of Council Directive 96/49/EC of 23 July 1996 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by rail(4), as last amended by Directive 2000/62/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(5).\n(2) The provisions of the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (hereinafter referred to as the ADR) and of the regulation on the international carriage of dangerous goods by Rail (hereinafter referred to as the RID)(6), together with their amendments, are annexed to Directives 94/55/EC and 96/49/EC respectively. A new version of the ADR and RID will enter into force on 1 July 2001.\n(3) Annex V to Directive 1999/36/EC lays down the modules to be followed for the conformity assessment of the new receptacles and new tanks. These provisions no longer comply with the new version of the ADR and the RID. Consequently, this Annex should be amended.\n(4) The amendments necessary for adapting the Annexes to Directive 1999/36/EC shall be adopted pursuant to Article 14 of the Directive, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 15 thereof.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee referred to in Article 15 of Directive 1999/36/EC,\nThe text of the Annex to Directive 1999/36/EC is replaced by the text of the Annex to this Directive.\n1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 July 2001 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nWhen Member States adopt these measures they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States.\n2. Member States shall comunicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of domestic law that they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["transport of dangerous goods", "EC conformity marking", "safety standard", "pressure equipment", "transport safety", "roadworthiness tests"], "distractor groups": ["liberalisation of the market", "third country", "County of Virovitica-Podravina", "transport price", "Bornholm (regional municipality)", "traineeship", "mode of production", "Maoism", "publishing deadline"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2010/74/: Commission Decision of 4\u00a0February 2010 amending Decision 2005/629/EC establishing a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries\n10.2.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 37/52\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 4 February 2010\namending Decision 2005/629/EC establishing a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries\n(2010/74/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to the Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002 on the conservation and sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources under the Common Fisheries Policy\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 33(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2005/629/EC\u00a0(2) establishes a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) which provides to the Commission highly qualified scientific advice.\n(2) Decision 2005/629/EC sets up procedures for the appointment of the STECF members, terms of office of its members, invitations of external experts, creation of Working Groups and procedures for the adoption of the rules of procedure of STECF. Those procedures should be simplified allowing administrative decisions to be taken at the appropriate level.\n(3) To avoid confusion with daily allowances paid to private experts invited by the Commission, the additional allowances to be allocated in accordance with Decision 2005/629/EC to STECF members and external experts participating in meetings of the STECF, should be named \u2018compensation\u2019.\n(4) Decision 2005/629/EC should therefore be amended accordingly,\nDecision 2005/629/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 4 paragraph 1:\n2. In Article 7, the expression \u2018with the approval of the Commission\u2019 is replaced by \u2018after having consulted the Commission\u2019s department in charge of the file\u2019.\n3. In Article 8, the expression \u2018with the approval of the Commission\u2019 is replaced by \u2018after having consulted the Commission\u2019s department in charge of the file\u2019.\n4. Article 9 is amended as follows:\n(a) the heading is replaced by the following:\n(b) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following\n5. Article 10 is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(b) paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:\n6. In Article 11(1) the expression \u2018with the approval of the Commission\u2019 is replaced by \u2018after having consulted the Commission\u2019s department in charge of the file\u2019.\n7. The Annex is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision", "answer groups": ["scientific committee (EU)", "operation of the Institutions", "fishery resources", "common fisheries policy", "technical committee (EU)", "conservation of fish stocks"], "distractor groups": ["outsourcing", "homicide", "International Anti-Corruption Academy", "personality", "technology transfer", "equipment cost", "means of communication", "Basque Country", "party financing"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2008/987/EC: Commission Decision of 16\u00a0December 2008 on the allocation to Latvia of additional fishing days in the Baltic Sea within subdivisions 25 and 26 (notified under document number C(2008) 8217)\n31.12.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 352/50\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 16 December 2008\non the allocation to Latvia of additional fishing days in the Baltic Sea within subdivisions 25 and 26\n(notified under document number C(2008) 8217)\n(Only the Latvian text is authentic)\n(2008/987/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1404/2007 of 26 November 2007 fixing the fishing opportunities and associated conditions for certain fish stocks and groups of stocks applicable in the Baltic Sea for 2008\u00a0(1), and in particular point 1.3 of Annex II,\nWhereas:\n(1) Point 1.1 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1404/2007 specifies the maximum number of days on which a vessel fishing with trawls, Danish seines or similar gear of a mesh size equal to or larger than 90\u00a0mm, with gillnets, entangling nets or trammel nets of a mesh size equal to or larger than 90\u00a0mm, with bottom set lines, longlines except drifting lines, handlines and jigging equipment may be absent from port in subdivisions 25-27 and 28.2 with the exception of the period from 1 July to 31 August when Article 8 paragraph 1(b) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1098/2007 of 18 September 2007 establishing a multiannual plan for the cod stocks in the Baltic Sea and the fisheries exploiting those stocks, amending Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 779/97\u00a0(2) applies.\n(2) In accordance with Article 1 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 169/2008\u00a0(3), ICES subdivisions 27 and 28.2 are excluded from the scope of certain fishing effort limitations and recording obligations for 2008, pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1098/2007.\n(3) Point 1.3 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1404/2007 enables the Commission to allocate an additional number of up to four fishing days absent from port on the basis of permanent cessations of fishing activities that have taken place since 1 January 2005.\n(4) Latvia submitted in January 2008 a request in accordance with point 1.4 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1404/2007, containing, in particular a list of Latvian vessels fishing with above-mentioned gear which have ceased activities since 1 January 2005. Supplementary information was submitted by Latvia on 4 June and 10 July 2008.\n(5) According to the Community TAC and quota database, Latvia has exchanged 661 tonnes out of 694 tonnes of its cod quota in subdivision 22-24. The days absent from port already set for Latvia for fishing in subdivision 22-24 are sufficient for remaining fishing opportunities and there is no need for allocation of additional days to this area.\n(6) In view of the data submitted, four additional days in addition to the already allowed 178 days at sea for vessels fishing with above-mentioned gear can be allocated to Latvia to be used in 2008 in ICES subdivisions 25 and 26.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for Fisheries and Aquaculture,\nThe maximum number of days, as laid down in point 1.1(b) of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1404/2007, a Latvian fishing vessel may be absent from port per year in the Baltic Sea subdivisions 25 and 26 shall be increased by four additional days. This Decision applies to vessels using trawls, Danish seines or similar gear of a mesh size equal to or larger than 90\u00a0mm, with gillnets, entangling nets or trammel nets of a mesh size equal to or larger than 90\u00a0mm, with bottom set lines, longlines except drifting lines, handlines and jigging equipment.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Latvia", "answer groups": ["fishing regulations", "Latvia", "fishery resources", "Baltic Sea", "fishing vessel", "maritime shipping", "sea fish", "fishery management"], "distractor groups": ["promulgation of a law", "elderly person", "Iraq", "marriage of convenience", "price freeze", "public relations", "older worker"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0910/2008 of 18\u00a0September 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0951/2006 in respect of laying down detailed rules for out-of-quota exports in the sugar sector\n19.9.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 251/13\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 910/2008\nof 18 September 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 951/2006 in respect of laying down detailed rules for out-of-quota exports in the sugar sector\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the markets in the sugar sector\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 40(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) According to Article 12(d) of Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 the sugar or isoglucose produced during a marketing year in excess of the quota referred to in Article 7 of that Regulation may be exported only within the quantitative limit to be fixed. To this end it should be considered an export quota within the meaning of Article 1(2)(b)(iii) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 376/2008 of 23 April 2008 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences and advance fixing certificates for agricultural products\u00a0(2).\n(2) In respect of the sugar sector, Commission Regulation (EC) No 951/2006\u00a0(3) lays down detailed rules for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 as regards trade with third countries.\n(3) Commission Regulation (EC) No 952/2006\u00a0(4) as amended by Regulation (EC) No 707/2008\u00a0(5) simplified the use of methods for the determination of sugar content of syrups. It is therefore appropriate to harmonise the methods used in the case of export refunds with those laid down in Regulation (EC) No 952/2006.\n(4) With a view to ensuring orderly management, preventing speculation and providing for effective controls, detailed rules should be laid down for submitting licence applications for out-of-quota exports of sugar and isoglucose. Such rules should make use of the procedures laid down by existing legislation, with suitable adaptations to reflect the specific needs of this sector.\n(5) Further implementing provisions should be established for the administration of the quantitative limit to be fixed by another Act, in particular regarding the conditions for applying for export licences.\n(6) In order to reduce the risks of possible frauds linked to the reintroduction on the Community market of out-of-quota sugar and/or isoglucose it may be decided to exclude certain destinations from the eligible destinations. For such cases it is necessary to define those documents that would prove that the products in question have been imported into a country not excluded from the eligible destinations.\n(7) Article 1 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1541/2007 of 20 December 2007 on proof of completion of customs formalities for the import of sugar into third countries as provided for in Article 16 of Regulation (EC) No 800/1999\u00a0(6) defines those documents that provide sufficient proofs of importation in case of differentiated export refunds. The same documents should also be accepted as proof for out-of-quota exports.\n(8) Experience acquired has shown that the application for export licences concerning the specific (EX/IM) refining operations is very limited. Therefore, the relevant provisions of Regulation (EC) No 951/2006, namely Articles 13 to16 thereof, should be deleted. Transitional rules should nevertheless be laid down in respect of pending applications.\n(9) According to Article 3 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 of 20 December 2007 applying the arrangements for products originating in certain states which are part of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States provided for in agreements establishing, or leading to the establishment of, Economic Partnership Agreements\u00a0(7) all import duties shall be eliminated on imports of molasses into the Community originating in the ACP countries. Therefore Article 41 of Regulation (EC) No 951/2006 should be deleted.\n(10) Part A of the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 951/2006 should be amended, as no reference to a specific Regulation should be mentioned therein beforehand. In accordance with Article 6(2) of Regulation (EC) No 951/2006, when the export refund is fixed pursuant to an invitation to tender, section 20 of the licence application and of the licence should contain a reference to the Regulation that opens a standing invitation to tender in a given marketing year.\n(11) Regulation (EC) No 951/2006 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Sugar,\nRegulation (EC) No 951/2006 is amended as follows:\n1. In Article 3, paragraphs 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:\n2. The following Chapter IIa is inserted:\n(a) a copy of the transport document;\n(b) a declaration that the product has been unloaded, drawn up by an official authority of the third country in question, by the official authorities of a Member State established in the country of destination, or by an international supervisory agency approved under Articles 16a to 16f of Regulation (EC) No 800/1999, certifying that the product has left the unloading site or at least that, to the knowledge of the authority or agency issuing the declaration, the product has not subsequently been reloaded with a view to being re-exported;\n(c) a bank document issued by approved intermediaries established in the Community certifying that payment corresponding to the export in question has been credited to the account of the exporter opened with them, or proof of payment.\u2019\n3. Article 7 is replaced by the following:\n4. The following Articles 7a to 7e are inserted:\n(a) \u201cout-of-quota sugar for export without refund\u201d; or\n(b) \u201cout-of-quota isoglucose for export without refund\u201d.\n5. The following Article 8a is inserted:\n6. In Section 1 of Chapter V, the following Article is added:\n7. Articles 13 to 16 are deleted. However, they shall continue to apply in respect of licences for which an application has been submitted before the entry into force of this Regulation.\n8. In Article 17, point (a) is amended as follows:\n(a) the first indent is replaced by the following:\n\u2018\u2014 sugar products falling within CN codes 1701\u00a091\u00a000, 1701\u00a099\u00a010 and 1701\u00a099\u00a090,\u2019;\n(b) the third indent is replaced by the following:\n\u2018\u2014 sucrose syrups, expressed as white sugar, falling within CN codes 1702\u00a090\u00a071, 1702\u00a090\u00a095 and 2106\u00a090\u00a059,\u2019;\n(c) the fifth indent is deleted.\n9. Article 21 is replaced by the following:\n10. Article 41 is deleted.\n11. Part A of the Annex is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["export refund", "customs formalities", "third country", "export licence", "sugar", "export (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["charge having equivalent effect", "nutritional disease", "tourism policy", "tripartite conference", "cybernetics", "population of working age", "EU budget", "tax exemption", "electrical process"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 1355/86 of 24 March 1986 amending Regulations (EEC) No 2358/71, (EEC) No 2727/75 and (EEC) No 950/68 in respect of seed\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 1355/86\nof 24 March 1986\namending Regulations (EEC) No 2358/71, (EEC) No 2727/75 and (EEC) No 950/68 in respect of seed\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 43 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposals from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,\nWhereas, by means of Council Directive 86/155/EEC of 22 April 1986 amending, on account of the accession of Spain and Portugal, certain Directives concerning the marketing of seeds and plants (2), the species Sorghum sp was included in Council Directive 66/402/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of cereal seed (3);\nWhereas, in accordance with the guidelines which evolved during the accession negotiations, hybrid sorghum for sowing should be added to the products governed by the common organization of the market in seeds and made subject to the system of reference prices applying to hybrid maize; whereas Council Regulation (EEC) No 2358/71 of 26 October 1971 on the common organization of the market in seeds (4), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3768/85 (5), Council Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75 of 29 October 1975 on the common organization of the market in cereals (6), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3793/85 (7), and the Common Customs Tariff must be amended;\nWhereas, in accordance with the guidelines which evolved during the accession negotiations, the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 2358/71 should be amended to include the species Hedysarum coronarium L, Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. and Vicia villosa Roth, which are of great importance for the production of legumes in the enlarged Community; whereas, in the interests of clarity, the said Annex should be replaced,\nRegulation (EEC) No 2358/71 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. The table set out in Article 1 shall be replaced by the following:\n1.2 // // // CCT heading No // Description of goods // // // 07.05 A // Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split, for sowing // 10.01 A // Spelt for sowing // 10.05 A // Hybrid maiz for sowing // 10.06 A // Rice for sowing // 10.07 C I // Hybrid sorghum for sowing // 12.01 A // Oil seeds and oleaginous fruit, whole or broken for sowing // 12.03 // Seeds, fruit and spores, of a kind used for sowing // //\n2. In Article 6 (1), the first subparagraph shall be replaced by the following:\n'A reference price for each type of hybrid maize for sowing and hybrid sorghum for sowing shall be fixed annually before 1 July.';\n3. In the second subparagraph of Article 6 (3), the words 'hybrid maize seed originating' shall be replaced by the following:\n'hybrid maize seed and hybrid sorghum seed originating';\n4. The Annex shall be replaced by the text in Annex I to this Regulation.\nIn Article 1 (a) of Regulation (EEC) No 2727/75, heading No 10.07 shall be replaced by the following:\n1.2 // 'ex 10.07 // Buckwheat, millet, canary seed; other cereals // ex 10.07 C II // Grain sorghum, other than hybrid sorghum for sowing'.\nSubheading 10.07 of the Common Customs Tariff shall be amended as indicated in Annex II to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["common customs tariff", "leguminous vegetable", "sorghum", "seed", "common organisation of markets", "cereals"], "distractor groups": ["election monitoring", "tax debt write-off", "church", "self-defence", "National Socialism", "regions of Denmark", "health insurance", "information storage", "Euribor"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision of 13 October 1998 appointing the members of the Scientific and Technical Committee\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 13 October 1998 appointing the members of the Scientific and Technical Committee (98/C 324/01)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, and in particular Article 134 thereof,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Commission,\nWhereas, by its Decision of 7 February 1994 (1), as supplemented by its Decisions of 6 October 1997 (2), the Council appointed the members of the Scientific and Technical Committee for the period 1 April 1993 to 31 March 1998,\nThe following are hereby appointed members of the Scientific and Technical Committee for the period 1 April 1998 to 31 March 2003:\nMr Th. VAN RENTERGEM\nMr Cl. A. TRUFFIN\nMr H. B. M\u00d8LLER\nProfessor Dr A. BIRKHOFER\nProfessor Dr H.-H. HENNIES\nProfessor Dr Ch. STREFFER\nProfessor Dr M. KAUFMANN\nMr W. B\u00dcRKLE\nMr A. KATSANOS\nMr R. CARO MANSO\nMr A. GRAU MALONDA\nMr J. M. MART\u00cdNEZ-VAL\nMr B. BARR\u00c9\nMr L. PATARIN\nMr P. CASEAU\nMr J.-F. LACRONIQUE\nMr P. LALLEMAND\nDr F. J. MULLIGAN\nMr C. MANCINI\nDr A. AIRAGHI\nMr R. ANDREANI\nDr G. DAMIANI\nMr R. DE FELICE\nMr H. WAGENER\nMr H. VAN DER LAAN\nMr A. H. M. VERKOOIJEN\nProfessor Dr M. HEINDLER\nProfessor Dr P. HILLE\nProfessor J. M. RIBEIRO MOREIRA DE ARA\u00daJO\nProfessor J. CARVALHO SOARES\nProfessor A. VUORINEN\nMr L. H\u00d6GBERG\nMr S. BJURSTR\u00d6M\nDr D. POOLEY\nDr S. ION\nDr A. DUNCAN\nDr S. A. HARBISON\nMr D. ANDERSON\nThe appointment of each of the persons listed in Article 1 of this Decision shall take effect on the date on which the Council received acceptance of that person's appointment", "answer groups": ["EAEC Treaty", "technical committee (EU)", "appointment of staff", "scientific committee (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["offshore oil", "gas supply", "financial stability", "cereal flakes", "Christian", "available energy", "noise level", "ballot paper", "cemetery", "social transfers", "rule of law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/424 of 11 March 2015 on the approval of the exemption decision pursuant to Article 9 of Council Directive 96/67/EC relating to the provision of certain groundhandling services at Zagreb International Airport (notified under document C(2015) 473)\n13.3.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 68/50\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) 2015/424\nof 11 March 2015\non the approval of the exemption decision pursuant to Article 9 of Council Directive 96/67/EC relating to the provision of certain groundhandling services at Zagreb International Airport\n(notified under document C(2015) 473)\n(Only the Croatian text is authentic)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 96/67/EC of 15 October 1996 on access to the groundhandling market at Community airports\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(5) thereof,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0THE EXEMPTION DECISION NOTIFIED\n(1) By letter of 13 August 2014, received by the Commission on 1 September 2014, the Croatian authorities notified, pursuant to Article 9(3) of Directive 96/67/EC (hereinafter: \u2018the Directive\u2019), the exemption decision of the government of the Republic of Croatia, taken on the basis of Article 9(1)(b) and (d) of the Directive, relating to Zagreb International Airport. The Croatian authorities submitted additional information by letter dated 1\u00a0December 2014, received by the Commission on 17 December 2014, completing the notification.\n(2) The notified decision provides for two exemptions. In the first place, it reserves to a single supplier the groundhandling services categories listed under points 3, 4 and 5, with the exception of point 5.1, of the Annex to the Directive, namely baggage handling, freight and mail handling as regards physical handling of freight and mail, whether incoming, outgoing or being transferred between the air terminal and the aircraft, and ramp handling, except for marshalling of the aircraft on the ground. In the second place, it bans self-handling for those three categories of groundhandling services, except for marshalling of the aircraft on the ground. Both exemptions apply for a period of two years, from 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2016.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0THE CURRENT SITUATION AT ZAGREB INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT\n(3) Zagreb International Airport is operated by Zagreb International Airport Jsc. The airport handled 2,3 million passengers in 2013.\n(4) Zagreb International Airport currently has one passenger terminal and is in the process of building a new passenger terminal with associated infrastructure (apron, access roads and parking lots). The new terminal will be completed and operational by the end of 2016 at the latest. It will have a capacity of 5 million passengers. The existing terminal will be closed except for use by general aviation and other miscellaneous activities (office rental etc.).\n(5) According to the Croatian authorities, the limitations of the current terminal, both in infrastructure and operational aspects, would not allow for the economic and effective introduction of additional groundhandling services suppliers in the period of construction of the new terminal. Once the building of the new passenger terminal and the new apron will be achieved and its operations started, the space and capacity problems associated with the existing infrastructure would be solved.\n(6) According to the Croatian authorities, access to the market for the provision of baggage handling, ramp handling and freight and mail handling is currently open. However, up to now no third-party suppliers of groundhandling services have submitted an application to be issued an approval and a license for the provision of these groundhandling services at Zagreb International Airport. Those services are currently provided to airport users by the Zagreb International Airport Jsc. through a fully owned subsidiary.\n(7) The freedom to self-handle also applies at Zagreb International Airport. However, only one airline currently self-handles one sub-category of ramp handling services (loading and unloading of food and beverages). No other air carrier has expressed an interest in self-handling.\n(8) Zagreb International Airport has one sorting facility for locally checked baggage and all transfer baggage. The surface area of the sorting facilities is 515 m2. The sorting area is situated at the basement level of the central part of the terminal.\n(9) Zagreb International Airport has one cargo terminal with a total surface area of 2\u00a0160 m2 and the entire freight handling process takes place in this warehouse. Due to significant space limitations, this entire process is carried out manually using hand tools and fork lifts. An operational cargo delivery and collection platform with a single entry-exit ramp is located on the bonded warehouse landside.\n(10) The cargo terminal of Zagreb International Airport handles between 8\u00a0000 and 8\u00a0500 tons of freight and mail annually whereof mail amounts to between 1\u00a0000 and 1\u00a0500 tons per year.\n(11) Zagreb International Airport has one commercial aviation apron with a total surface area of 140\u00a0000 m2 and 22\u00a0positions, and a general aviation apron with a total surface area of 28\u00a0000 m2 and capacity of 20 aircraft.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONSULTATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES\n(12) Pursuant to Article 9(3) of the Directive, the Commission published a summary of the exemption decision notified by the Croatian authorities in the Official Journal of the European Union and invited interested parties to submit comments.\n(13) The Commission received one comment from a groundhandling services provider, requesting information if a tender procedure would be organised during the exemption period so that the selected groundhandler could start operations once the exemption period has expired. No other comments were received from interested parties.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0EVALUATION OF THE EXEMPTION DECISION IN THE LIGHT OF THE DIRECTIVE\n(14) The Croatian authorities based their exemption decision on Article 9(1)(b) and (d) of the Directive, which allow in case of specific constraints of available space or capacity to reserve to a single supplier one or more of the categories referred to in Article 6(2) and to ban self-handling for the categories referred to in Article 7(2) of the Directive.\n(15) In accordance with Article 9(2)(a) of the Directive, the Croatian authorities have specified that the two exemptions apply to the groundhandling services categories listed under points 3, 4 and 5, with the exception of point 5.1, of the Annex to the Directive, namely baggage handling, freight and mail handling and ramp handling except for marshalling the aircraft on the ground.\n(16) As regards baggage handling, the Commission considers that, through the information submitted, the Croatian authorities have demonstrated that it is not possible to accommodate a second third-party handler in addition to the airport's groundhandling services department or any self-handling airport user.\n(17) Operational space is limited and narrow and baggage cart manoeuvring is difficult. Baggage sorting during peak load periods when both check-in sections are in operation is particularly problematic. There is therefore not enough space to allow for more than one operator to operate effectively.\n(18) It is not possible to solve this space problem at the current location, as the location of the baggage sorting facility makes it impossible to expand the facility to other areas. The use of an underground level would not be a feasible solution due to the groundwater level and associated risk of flooding. An external location for the construction of an extension of the sorting facility would also require significant reconstructions which would greatly affect the existing traffic processes and would generate great expenses while the efficiency of such installation would be questionable.\n(19) As regards freight and mail handling, the Commission considers that, through the information submitted, the Croatian authorities have demonstrated that it is not possible to accommodate a second third-party handler in addition to the airport's groundhandling services department or any self-handling airport user.\n(20) The cargo terminal is of limited size. The cargo delivery and collection platform only has one single entry-exit ramp which significantly reduces the operational functions of the platform when several tow trucks are parked within the enclosed space while waiting or performing loading and unloading tasks. There is therefore no space to accommodate an additional operator.\n(21) The Commission also notes in this context that the volume of freight and mail is around 8\u00a0000 and 8\u00a0500 tonnes of freight and mail annually, which is well below the threshold of 50\u00a0000 tonnes of freight in the Directive for the obligation to open groundhandling for third parties and to allow self-handling.\n(22) As regards ramp handling, with the exception of marshalling the aircraft on the ground at arrival and departure, the Commission considers that, through the information submitted, the Croatian authorities have demonstrated that it is not possible to accommodate a second third-party handler in addition to the airport's groundhandling subsidiary or any self-handling airport user.\n(23) The flight schedule of Zagreb International Airport is characterized by three short-duration peak loads, namely a morning peak load, an afternoon peak load and an evening peak load. During this peak loads numerous different equipment units have to be put in operation during relatively short periods of time to meet all requirements related to timely aircraft handling.\n(24) Parking space for such large number of equipment units presents a problem. Taking into account the area occupied by buildings and other developments, there is no available space in the vicinity of the aircraft parking position to accommodate parking for additional new equipment units. Parking space required for the existing equipment presents already a problem for the airport management. The problem is even greater during the winter season, when snow removal and disposal service vehicles are also parked within the limited parking space. Due to this lack of parking space it is therefore not possible to accommodate a second operator.\n(25) The above constraints due to the lack of parking space do not apply to the marshalling of the aircraft on the ground, however, as not bulky equipment is needed for those services. Those services are not covered by the exemption decision notified by the Croatian authorities and there will therefore be no limitations in the number of suppliers for the marshalling of the aircraft at Zagreb International Airport.\n(26) It further appears from the information available to the Commission that the construction of a new terminal at Zagreb International Airport started in December 2013. The first phase of the construction of a new terminal is expected to be finalised in 2016 and the terminal is expected to be operational by the end of 2016. The new terminal will have a capacity of 5 million passengers annually and will feature a new fully integrated baggage system, a new apron as well as new taxiways and service roads. The Croatian authorities explained that the construction and operation of the new terminal will solve the existing space and capacity constraints. The construction and operation of the new terminal can therefore be considered as an appropriate measure to overcome the constraints in accordance with Article 9(2)(b).\n(27) The exemptions laid down in the exception decision notified by the Croatian authorities are limited in time, namely for the period of two years. They therefore respect the requirements set out in Article 9(6) of the Directive.\n(28) Finally, in light of the foregoing, and in particular of the current situation at Zagreb International Airport, of the limitations of those exemptions in terms of material and temporal scope and of the measures taken to overcome the existing constraints, the Commission considers that the exemptions do not unduly prejudice the aims of this Directive, do not give rise to distortions of competition between suppliers of groundhandling services and/or self-handling airport users, and do not extend further than necessary, in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 9(2) of the Directive.\n(29) In this connection account has also been taken of the facts that the limitations provided for by the exemptions apply in a non-discriminatory manner to all (potential) suppliers of groundhandling services, apart from the airport's groundhandling services department, and to all self-handling airport users, that to date no groundhandling service provider or airport user has made a request to be entitled to carry out groundhandling activities at Zagreb International Airport although there are currently no access limitations for third-party providers or limitations of the right to self-handle, and that no interested parties submitted objections to the exemption decision. With respect to the comment received regarding a possible tender procedure, the Commission recalls the obligation for the Croatian authorities to comply, in a timely manner, with all relevant rules of Union law in this regard, including Article 11 of the Directive.\n(30) This decision is without prejudice to Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union which prohibits any abuse by one or more undertakings of a dominant position within the internal market or in a substantial part as incompatible with the internal market in so far as it may affect trade between Member States.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONCLUSION\n(31) Therefore, in light of the outcome of the examination carried out by the Commission and after having consulted the Republic of Croatia, the exemption decision taken by that Member State pursuant to Article 9(1)(b) and (d) of the Directive relating to Zagreb International Airport, notified to the Commission on 1 September 2014 and 17\u00a0December 2014, should be approved.\n(32) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Advisory Committee referred to in Article 10 of the Directive,\nThe exemption decision taken by the Republic of Croatia pursuant to Article 9(1)(b) and (d) of Directive 96/67/EC relating to Zagreb International Airport, notified to the Commission on 1 September and 17 December 2014, is hereby approved.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Croatia", "answer groups": ["ground handling", "provision of services", "market access", "Croatia", "derogation from EU law"], "distractor groups": ["international road transport", "rare gas", "social cost", "industrial robot", "non-compulsory expenditure", "food fat", "integrated development programme", "European Union", "supplementary aid for products", "supranationality"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/553 of 7 April 2015 approving the active substance cerevisane, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0540/2011 Text with EEA relevance\n8.4.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 92/86\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2015/553\nof 7 April 2015\napproving the active substance cerevisane, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0540/2011\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 22(1) in conjunction with Article 13(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Article 7(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, France received on 5 March 2012 an application from Agro-Levures et D\u00e9riv\u00e9s SAS for the approval of the active substance cerevisane. In accordance with Article 9(3) of that Regulation, France, as rapporteur Member State, notified the Commission on 14 May 2012 of the admissibility of the application.\n(2) On 22 February 2013, the rapporteur Member State submitted a draft assessment report to the Commission, with a copy to the European Food Safety Authority (hereinafter \u2018the Authority\u2019), assessing whether that active substance can be expected to meet the approval criteria provided for in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No\u00a01107/2009.\n(3) The Authority complied with Article 12(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. In accordance with Article 12(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, it requested that the applicant supply additional information to the Member States, the Commission and the Authority. The assessment of the additional information by the rapporteur Member State was submitted to the Authority in the format of an updated draft assessment report in January\u00a02014.\n(4) On 5 May 2014, the Authority communicated to the applicant, the Member States and the Commission its conclusion on whether the active substance cerevisane can be expected to meet the approval criteria provided for in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009\u00a0(2). The Authority made its conclusion available to the public.\n(5) The applicant was given the possibility to submit comments on the review report.\n(6) On 11 December 2014 the Commission presented to the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed the review report for cerevisane and a draft Regulation providing that cerevisane is approved.\n(7) It has been established with respect to one or more representative uses of at least one plant protection product containing the active substance, and in particular the uses which were examined and detailed in the review report, that the approval criteria provided for in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 are satisfied. Those approval criteria are therefore deemed to be satisfied. It is therefore appropriate to approve cerevisane.\n(8) The Commission further considers that cerevisane is a low-risk active substance pursuant to Article 22 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. Cerevisane is not a substance of concern and fulfils the conditions set in point 5 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. The main constituent for cerevisane are cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a yeast which is widespread in nature and commonly used in food production (baking, alcoholic beverages, nutritional supplement) and which is regularly consumed without any evidence of harmful potential. The additional exposure of humans, animals and the environment by the uses approved under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 is expected to be negligible compared to exposure expected through realistic natural situations.\n(9) It is therefore appropriate to approve cerevisane as a low risk substance. In accordance with Article 13(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011\u00a0(3) should be amended accordingly.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,\nApproval of active substance\nThe active substance cerevisane, as specified in Annex I, is approved subject to the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nAmendments to Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011\nThe Annex to Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation.\nEntry into force and date of application\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["pesticide", "plant health control", "market approval", "chemical product"], "distractor groups": ["Panama", "transfer of competence", "financial audit", "financial services", "food colouring", "norm price", "institution of public utility", "lower class", "gaming", "summertime", "cif price"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1119/2001 of 7 June 2001 applying a special intervention measure for maize and sorghum at the end of the 2000/01 marketing year\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1119/2001\nof 7 June 2001\napplying a special intervention measure for maize and sorghum at the end of the 2000/01 marketing year\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 of 30 June 1992 on the common organisation of the market in cereals(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1666/2000(2), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The intervention period for maize and sorghum ends on 30 April in the south and 31 may in the north. In view of the uncertainty as regards outlets, this is likely to induce operators to offer substantial quantities of maize and sorghum for intervention at the end of May in the north, although certain market outlets may be found after the end of the intervention period. This situation may be remedied by allowing those cereals to be bought in until 15 August 2001.\n(2) The conditions governing the buying-in of cereals are laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 824/2000 of 19 June 2000 fixing the procedure and conditions for the take-over of cereals by intervention agencies(3).\n(3) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\n1. In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92, the intervention agencies of Member States other than Greece, Spain, Italy and Portugal shall buy in quantities of maize and sorghum offered to them from 1 July to 15 August 2001.\n2. The price to be paid shall be the intervention price applicable for May 2001.\n3. Buying-in shall be carried out by the intervention agency in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 824/2000.\nNotwithstanding the third subparagraph of Article 4(3) of Regulation (EC) No 824/2000 the last delivery of quantities offered for intervention must take place by 31 August 2001 at the latest.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["intervention buying", "sorghum", "intervention agency", "intervention price", "maize"], "distractor groups": ["Internet", "democratic deficit", "corpus juris (EU)", "Roman law", "Mariana Islands", "Andean Community", "parliamentary procedure", "net contributor", "basic education", "people's democracy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision of 27 March 2000 on the improved exchange of information to combat counterfeit travel documents\nCouncil Decision\nof 27 March 2000\non the improved exchange of information to combat counterfeit travel documents\n(2000/261/JHA)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 34(2)(c) thereof,\nHaving regard to the initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) Counterfeit travel documents have increased to an alarming extent.\n(2) A computerised image archiving and transmission system (FADO) has been set up by the Joint Action of the Council of 3 December 1998(3).\n(3) The improved exchange of information on counterfeit travel documents will make it possible to limit the counterfeiting of documents and thus make an effective contribution to combating crime and the smuggling of human beings.\n(4) The use of standardised information collection will facilitate and speed up the conduct of criminal proceedings.\n(5) This Decision does not affect the competence of the Member States relating to the recognition of passports, travel documents, visas, or other identity documents,\n1. In order to improve further the exchange between Member States of information on false documents, a reporting system for detecting counterfeit travel documents shall be used. Its purpose shall be to:\n(a) make it easier to detect counterfeit travel documents on inspection, and\n(b) increase the effectiveness of the search for stolen travel documents,\nwith particular attention being paid to the serial number of the travel document.\n2. The exchange of information shall not include personal details.\n1. The standard form set out in Annex I shall be used for the purpose of transmitting information in accordance with Article 1.\n2. The central unit of each Member State shall directly and without delay exchange information with the central unit of each other Member State. It shall also notify the General Secretariat of the Council.\n1. For the purposes of the uniform collection of information which may be required for subsequent criminal proceedings relating to counterfeit travel documents, Member States shall, as far as possible, use the questionnaire set out in Annex II.\n2. Data required for criminal proceedings referred to in paragraph 1 shall be communicated to other Member States in accordance with national law and international conventions.\nThis Decision shall enter into force three months after its publication in the Official Journal", "answer groups": ["passport", "exchange of information", "industrial counterfeiting", "identity document", "data collection"], "distractor groups": ["Federated States of Micronesia", "political crisis", "Castile-La Mancha", "water consumption", "Barbados", "unfair dismissal", "appeals by private individuals", "import tax", "disaster area", "mercenary"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/538 of 31 March 2015 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the use of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) in cooked shrimps in brine Text with EEA relevance\n1.4.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 88/4\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2015/538\nof 31 March 2015\namending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the use of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) in cooked shrimps in brine\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 10(3),\nWhereas:\n(1) Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 lays down a Union list of food additives approved for use in foods and their conditions of use.\n(2) That list may be updated in accordance with the common procedure referred to in Article 3(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2), either on the initiative of the Commission or following an application.\n(3) A request to amend the Union list of food additives has been submitted by the Danish Seafood Association in order to increase the maximum permitted level of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) in cooked shrimps in brine.\n(4) Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 sets maximum limits for the use of sorbic acid \u2014 sorbates; benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 200-213) of 2\u00a0000 mg/kg in semi-preserved fish and fisheries products including crustaceans, molluscs, surimi and fish/crustacean paste; cooked crustaceans and molluscs. In cooked crustaceans and molluscs the total maximum permitted level of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) is furthermore 1\u00a0000 mg/kg.\n(5) These maximum permitted levels in cooked and brined shrimps with pH of 5,6 to 5,7 should be sufficient to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes at cooling temperatures between 5 and 8\u00a0\u00b0C. However, small changes in the preserving parameters can result in growth of Listeria monocytogenes. A mathematical predictive method has been developed at the Technological University of Denmark, to determine which level of benzoic acid benzoate (E 210-213) is needed\u00a0(3). According to that model the level of 1\u00a0000 mg/kg of E 210-213 is not sufficient to prevent growth of Listeria monocytogenes in shrimps in brine at pH 5,8. In order to prevent growth of Listeria monocytogenes in these shrimps, both the model and tests show that the optimal combination of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) and sorbic acid \u2014 sorbates (E 200-203) is 1\u00a0500 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg respectively.\n(6) In its report trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2012\u00a0(4), the European Food Safety Authority (the Authority) concluded that the number of listeriosis cases in humans increased slightly compared with 2011, and 1\u00a0642 confirmed human cases were reported in 2012. A statistically significant increasing trend in the Union was observed over the period 2008-2012, though only slowly increasing, along with a seasonal pattern. As in previous years, a high fatality rate (17,8 %) was reported among the cases. A total of 198 deaths due to listeriosis were reported by 18 Member States in 2012, which was the highest number of fatal cases reported since 2006. Listeria monocytogenes was seldomly detected above the legal safety limit for ready-to-eat foods at point of retail. Samples exceeding this limit were most often found in fishery products.\n(7) The Commission report on Dietary Food Additive Intake in the European Union\u00a0(5) concluded that exposure to benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates could be up to 96 % of the ADI for young children and 84 % for adults based on the use at maximum permitted levels. At that time a maximum level in cooked shrimps of 2\u00a0000 mg/kg was set for sorbic acid \u2014 sorbates in combination with benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates. This level was revised by Directive 2006/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(6) when this authorisation was extended to all cooked crustaceans and molluscs, however with a maximum of 1\u00a0000 mg/kg for benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates. It is therefore expected that the increase of this level to 1\u00a0500 mg/kg, only for cooked shrimps in brine, will not lead to additional exposure that would be of safety concern.\n(8) Pursuant to Article 3(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008, the Commission is to seek the opinion of the Authority in order to update the Union list of food additives set out in Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, except where the update in question is not liable to have an effect on human health. Since the authorisation of the use of benzoic acid \u2014 benzoates (E 210-213) in cooked shrimps preserved in brine constitutes an update of that list which is not liable to have an effect on human health, it is not necessary to seek the opinion of the Authority.\n(9) Therefore, Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 should be amended accordingly.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,\nAnnex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from the date of entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["foodstuff", "food safety", "food additive", "market approval", "mollusc"], "distractor groups": ["leisure", "direct selling", "Union transit", "seal", "fur-bearing animal", "soil chemistry", "East Timor", "piece work pay", "professional experience", "monetary relations"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0528/2011 of 30\u00a0May 2011 concerning the authorisation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) as a feed additive for weaned piglets and pigs for fattening (holder of authorisation Danisco Animal Nutrition) Text with EEA relevance\n31.5.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 143/10\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 528/2011\nof 30 May 2011\nconcerning the authorisation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) as a feed additive for weaned piglets and pigs for fattening (holder of authorisation Danisco Animal Nutrition)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 provides for the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition and for the grounds and procedures for granting such authorisation.\n(2) In accordance with Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, an application was submitted for the authorisation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588). The application was accompanied by the particulars and documents required under Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(3) The application concerns the authorisation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) as a feed additive for weaned piglets and pigs for fattening, to be classified in the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019.\n(4) The use of that preparation was authorised for 10\u00a0years for chickens for fattening, laying hens, ducks and turkeys for fattening by Commission Regulation (EC) No 9/2010\u00a0(2).\n(5) New data were submitted in support of the application for the authorisation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) for weaned piglets and pigs for fattening. The European Food Safety Authority (\u2018the Authority\u2019) concluded in its opinion of 1 February 2011\u00a0(3) that, under the proposed conditions of use, endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) does not have an adverse effect on animal health, human health or the environment, and that its use can improve the zootechnical performance. The Authority does not consider that there is a need for specific requirements of post-market monitoring. It also verified the report on the method of analysis of the feed additive in feed submitted by the Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives set up by Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(6) The assessment of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (ATCC PTA 5588) shows that the conditions for authorisation, as provided for in Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, are satisfied. Accordingly, the use of this preparation should be authorised as specified in the Annex to this Regulation.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe preparation specified in the Annex, belonging to the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019 and to the functional group \u2018digestibility enhancers\u2019, is authorised as an additive in animal nutrition, subject to the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["zootechnics", "market approval", "swine", "fattening", "food additive"], "distractor groups": ["firearms and munitions", "Highland Croatia", "Union transit", "bank deposit", "harvest", "EU Charter of Fundamental Rights", "pay scale", "fuel reprocessing", "crop maintenance", "circular"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2000/282/EC: Commission Decision of 12 April 2000 on technical measures to assist Japan and South Korea during a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic (notified under document number C(2000) 1031) (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Decision\nof 12 April 2000\non technical measures to assist Japan and South Korea during a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic\n(notified under document number C(2000) 1031)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2000/282/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 90/424/EEC of 26 June 1990 on expenditure in the veterinary field(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1258/99(2), and in particular Article 8 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and a large number of wild animals.\n(2) Foot-and-mouth disease can cause great economic losses to livestock-producers.\n(3) On 24 March 2000 Japan reported the presence of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle, a disease which had been absent from the territory of Japan since 1908.\n(4) On 2 April 2000 South Korea reported outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease.\n(5) The disease recorded in Japan and in South Korea is caused by foot-and-mouth disease type 0.\n(6) Vaccine is an important tool in the control of foot-and-mouth disease in particular in emergency situations.\n(7) Japan and South Korea have made a request to the European Commission to borrow for emergency use foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen to be converted into vaccine.\n(8) The European Union under Commission Decision 93/590/EC of 5 November 1993 for the purchase by the Community of foot-and-mouth disease antigens within the framework of the Community action concerning reserves of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines(3), purchased foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen which included five million doses of 01 European strain and five million doses of 01 Middle East strain.\n(9) The Community antigen (vaccine) reserves purchased under Decision 93/590/EC are maintained for reasons of safety at different sites in France, Italy and the United Kingdom.\n(10) The European Union by making available for a limited period of time certain amounts of foot-and-mouth disease virus antignes to Japan and to south Korea enhances the prospects of preventing a major catastrophe and thereby reducing the danger to the Community.\n(11) The antigen made available to Japan and South Korea will within a period of six months be replaced by an equivalent quality and amount of antigen.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Veterinary Committee,\n1. The Community shall make arrangements for temporary technical assistance to Japan and to South Korea in relation to the occurrence of a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic.\n2. The arrangements referred to in paragraph 1 shall include:\n- the temporary release of some of the foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen purchased and kept in accordance with the provisions of Decision 93/590/EC,\n- that the amount of antigen being released cannot exceed 50 % of any given virus strain antigen kept in stock,\n- an acceptance by Japan and South Korea to deliver to the Community within a period of six months antigen which as regards quality and amount is equivalent to the one obtained from the Community.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["EU stock", "foot-and-mouth disease", "South Korea", "Japan", "vaccine", "technical cooperation"], "distractor groups": ["sexual freedom", "County of Zadar", "76 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS", "marine environment", "fuel tax", "textile plant", "Court of Justice (EU)", "protected species", "wealth tax"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1170/92 of 6 May 1992 amending Regulation (EEC) No 2630/81 on special detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences in the sugar sector\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 1170/92 of 6 May 1992 amending Regulation (EEC) No 2630/81 on special detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences in the sugar sector\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1785/81 of 30 June 1981 on the common organization of the markets in the sugar sector (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 61/92 (2), and in particular Article 13 (2) thereof,\nWhereas amounts quoted in tenders submitted in response to invitations to tender organized under an instrument forming part of the common agricultural policy are to be expressed in ecus in conformity with Article 1 of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 653/92 of 16 March 1992 (3); whereas in accordance with those same provisions, the amounts quoted in tenders accepted are expressed in ecus in certificates or other documents specifying those amounts; whereas Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2630/81 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1714/88 (5), should consequently be adapted;\nWhereas Commission Regulation (EEC) No 920/92 of 10 April 1992 on a standing invitation to tender to determine levies and/or refunds on exports of white sugar (6) applies to the 1992/93 marketing year from 21 April 1992; whereas the provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 653/92 have already been taken into account therein; whereas it is necessary therefore to make this Regulation applicable also from the same date; whereas Commission Regulation (EEC) No 963/91 (7), establishing a standing invitiation to tender for the 1991/92 marketing year similar to that provided for in Regulation (EEC) No 920/92, applies until 20 May 1992; whereas, in order to comply with the conditions governing the standing invitation to tender to determine levies and/or refunds on exports of white sugar as they are laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 963/91, provision should be made for this Regulation not to be applicable to the remaining 51st, 52nd, 53rd, and 54th tenders still to be held;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the Management Committee for Sugar,\nArticle 2 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 2630/81 is replaced by the following:\n'The export licence shall be issued for the quantity entered on the relevant notice of award to tender. Section 18a shall indicate the rate of the export refund or export levy, as stated in that notice, expressed in ecus. To this end it shall contain one of the following endorsements:\n- tasa de la restituci\u00f3n aplicable: . . . . . .;\n- restitutionssats: . . . . . .;\n- gueltiger Erstattungssatz: . . . . . .;\n- efarmozomeno ypsos epistrofis: . . . . . .;\n- rate of applicable refund: . . . . . .;\n- taux de la restitution applicable: . . . . . .;\n- tasso di restituzione applicabile: . . . . . .;\n- toe te passen restitutievoet: . . . . . .;\n- taxa de restitu\u00e7ao \u00e0 exporta\u00e7ao aplic\u00e1vel: . . . . . .;\nor, eventually:\n- tasa de exacci\u00f3n reguladora a la exportaci\u00f3n aplicable: . . . . . .;\n- eksportafgiftssats: . . . . . .;\n- gueltiger Satz der Ausfuhrabschoepfung: . . . . . .;\n- efarmozomeno ypsos eisforas kata tin exagogi: . . . . . .;\n- rate of applicable export levy: . . . . . .;\n- taux du pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement \u00e0 l'exportation applicable: . . . . . .;\n- tasso del prelievo all'esportazione applicabile: . . . . . .;\n- toe te passen heffingsvoet bij uitvoer: . . . . . .;\n- taxa do direito nivelador \u00e0 exporta\u00e7ao aplic\u00e1vel: . . . . . .'.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 21 April 1992.\nHowever, it shall not apply to the export licences granted or to be granted under the standing invitation to tender to determine levies and/or refunds on exports of white sugar established by Regulation (EEC) No 963/91. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["export levy", "import levy", "white sugar", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["customs inspection", "electronic game", "medium-term forecast", "work-life balance", "gas", "business activity", "Grand Est", "research method", "UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute", "calcium", "opinion of the Court of Auditors"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/223/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 16 April 2014 concerning exemptions from the extended anti-dumping duty on certain bicycle parts originating in the People's Republic of China pursuant to Commission Regulation (EC) No 88/97 (notified under document C(2014) 2474)\n23.4.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 119/67\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 16 April 2014\nconcerning exemptions from the extended anti-dumping duty on certain bicycle parts originating in the People's Republic of China pursuant to Commission Regulation (EC) No 88/97\n(notified under document C(2014) 2474)\n(2014/223/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009 of 30 November 2009 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 13(4) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 71/97 of 10 January 1997 extending the definitive anti-dumping duty imposed by Regulation (EEC) No 2474/93 on bicycles originating in the People's Republic of China to imports of certain bicycle parts from the People's Republic of China, and levying the extended duty on such imports registered under Regulation (EC) No 703/96\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 3 thereof,\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EC) No 88/97 of 20 January 1997 on the authorisation of the exemption of imports of certain bicycle parts originating in the People's Republic of China from the extension by Council Regulation (EC) No 71/97 of the anti-dumping duty imposed by Council Regulation (EEC) No 2474/93\u00a0(3), and in particular Articles\u00a04, 5, 7 and 10 thereof,\nAfter informing the Member States,\nWhereas:\n(1) After the entry into force of Regulation (EC) No 88/97 (\u2018the exemption Regulation\u2019), a number of bicycle assemblers submitted requests pursuant to Article 3 of that Regulation for exemption from the anti-dumping duty extended to imports of certain bicycle parts from the People's Republic of China (\u2018the PRC\u2019) by Regulation (EC) No 71/97 (\u2018the extending Regulation\u2019) (\u2018the extended duty\u2019). The most recent Commission Decision concerning exemptions from the extended duty pursuant to exemption Regulation was adopted on 19 December 2011\u00a0(4).\n(2) The Commission has published in the Official Journal of the European Union successive lists of bicycle assemblers\u00a0(5) for which the payment of the extended anti-dumping duty in respect of their imports of essential bicycle parts declared for free circulation was suspended pursuant to Article 5(1) of the exemption Regulation. Furthermore, lists of newly exempted bicycle assemblers and lists of revoked exemptions were published.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AUTHORISATION OF EXEMPTION\n(3) The Commission received from the party set out in table 1 all the information required for the determination of the admissibility of its request. Based on that information, the Commission found that the request was admissible pursuant to Article 4(1) of the exemption Regulation. Pursuant to Article 5(1) of the same Regulation, that party has received the suspension as from the day on which the Commission received its request.\nName Address Country TARIC additional code\nEts Th Brasseur SA Rue des Steppes 13, 4000 Li\u00e8ge Belgium B294\n(4) The Commission established during the examination that the value of the parts originating in the PRC used in this party's assembly operations constituted less than 60 % of the total value of the parts used in those operations. Consequently, they fall outside the scope of Article 13(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009.\n(5) For that reason, and in accordance with Article 7(1) of the exemption Regulation, that party should be exempted from the extended duty.\n(6) Since the exemption will apply only to the party specifically referred to in table 1 with its name and address, it is necessary that exempted party notifies the Commission\u00a0(6) forthwith, of any changes to these (for instance, following a change in the name, legal form or address or following the setting up of new assembly entities). In such case, it is necessary that the party provides all relevant information, in particular on any modification in its activities linked to assembly operations. Where appropriate, the Commission will update the references to this party.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SUSPENSION OF PAYMENTS OF THE DUTIES FOR PARTIES UNDER EXAMIMATION\n(7) The Commission received from the parties under examination listed in table 2 all the information required for the prima facie determination of the admissibility of their requests for exemption. Based on that information, the Commission found that the requests were admissible pursuant to Article 4(1) of the exemption Regulation.\n(8) Pending a decision on the merits of requests from the parties under examination listed in table 2, payments of extended duty in respect of any imports of essential bicycle parts declared for free circulation by these parties should be suspended pursuant to Article 5 of the exemption Regulation.\n(9) Since the suspension will apply only to the parties specifically referred to in table 2 with their names and addresses, it is necessary that the parties notify the Commission\u00a0(7) forthwith, of any changes to these (for instance following a change in the name, legal form or address or following the setting up of new assembly entities). In such case, it is necessary that the party provides all relevant information, in particular on any modification in its activities linked to assembly operations. Where appropriate, the Commission will update the references to this party.\nName Address Country TARIC additional code\nc2g-engineering GmbH Schlesische Stra\u00dfe 27, 10997 Berlin Germany B934\nSolo International Oy Pyyntitie 1 B, 02230 Espoo Finland B940\nPlanet X Ltd Unit 6, Ignite Business Park, Magna Way, Rotherham S60\u00a01FD UK A995\nS.C EUROBIKE UNIVERSAL S.R.L., Street Asociatiei No 4, Movilita, Ialomita Romania B941\nLongway Poland Sp. z o.o. ul. Rajdowa 3a, Konotopa, 05-850 O\u017car\u00f3w Mazowiecki Poland B935\nBBF Bike GmbH Carena Allee 8, 15366 Hoppegarten Germany B936\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0REJECTION OF REQUEST FOR EXEMPTION AND LIFTING RELATED SUSPENSION\n(10) The party set out in table 3 submitted a request for exemption from the extended anti-dumping duty. The payments of the customs debt in respect of the extended duty pursuant to Article 2(1) of the extending Regulation have been suspended pursuant to Article 5 of the exemption Regulation in respect of any imports of essential bicycle parts declared for free circulation by this party as from the day on which the Commission received its request.\nName Address Country TARIC additional code\nIBEROSELLE, LDA Vale Domingos 3750 \u2014 321 \u00c1gueda Portugal B292\n(11) This party limited its assembly operations to minor quantities and continues to import bicycle parts from the PRC only in quantities below the threshold of 300 units per type on a monthly basis. Therefore, this party has withdrawn its request for an exemption from the anti-dumping duty on bicycle parts.\n(12) On these grounds and pursuant to with Article 7(3) of the exemption Regulation, the Commission has to reject this party's request and lift the suspension of the payment of the extended duty laid down in Article 5 of the exemption Regulation. Consequently, the extended duty should be collected as from the date of receipt of the request for exemption submitted by this party, that is the date on which the suspension took effect.\n(13) What is said in the preceding recital does not exclude the application of an exemption subject to end-use control in accordance with Article 14 of the exemption Regulation.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0REVOCATION OF EXEMPTION\n(14) For the party set out in table 4 the exemption should be revoked.\nName Address Country TARIC additional code\nBorge Kildemoes Cykelfabrik A/S Albanivej 7, Nr. Lyndelse, 5792 Arslev Denmark A166\n(15) This party was exempted from the extended anti-dumping duty on bicycle parts. The party informed the Commission services that it had ended its assembly operations. For the sake of clarity, the exemption should therefore be revoked.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0UPDATE OF REFERENCES TO CERTAIN EXEMPTED PARTIES\n(16) The exempted parties listed in table 5 came forward and informed the Commission that their name, legal form or address has changed. The Commission, after having examined the information submitted, concluded that those changes in no way affect the assembly operations with regard to the conditions of exemption set forth in the exemption Regulation.\n(17) While the exemptions of those parties from the extended duty authorised pursuant to Article 7(1) of the exemption Regulation remain unaffected, the references to those parties should be updated.\nFormer reference Change TARIC additional code\nCannondale Europe BV\nHanzepoort 27,\nNL-7575 DB Oldenzaal\n4Ever s.r.o.\n2. Kv\u011btna 267,\nCZ-742\u00a013 Stud\u00e9nka\nCanyon Bicycles GmbH\nKoblenzer Strasse 236,\nDE-56073 Koblenz\nKellys Bicycles\nsro Krajinsk\u00e1 1\nSK-92101 Pie\u0161t'any\nMadirom PROD SRL\nBd. Liviu Rebreanu nr. 130\nRO-300748 Timi\u0219oara, Timi\u0219\nIntercycles SA,\nF-85000 La Roche sur Yon, France\nVeronese Luigi S.N.C. di Veronese Paolo e Elisabetta \u2014 Cicli Roveco\nVia Umberto I, 508\nI-45023 Costa di Rovigo \u2014 IT\nCobran snc di Perrino Agostino & C.,\nVia Zingarina, 6\nI-47900 Rimini \u2014 IT\nSchwinn-Csepel Ker\u00e9kp\u00e1rgy\u00e1rt\u00f3 \u00e9s Forgalmaz\u00f3 Rt.\nDuna Lej\u00e1r\u00f3 7\nH-1211 Budapest\nMICMO/Gitane,\nF-44270 Machecoul\nMetelli di Staffoni Mario & C.S.A.S.\nVia Trento 68\nIT-25030 Trenzano (BS)\nVizija Sport d.o.o.\nTr\u017ea\u0161ka cesta 87 b,\nSL-1370 Logatec\nEuro Bike Products\nul. Starolecka 18\nPL-61-361 Poznan\nSpeedcross di Torretta P. e C. snc \u2014 Corso Italia 20 \u2014 I-20020 Vanzaghello (MI) Italy The name has been changed to \u2018Speedcross di Torretta Luigi E C. s.n.c.\u2019 A163\nCode X Sp. z o.o.\nOlszanka 109,\nPL-33-386 Podegrodzie\nGruppo Bici Srl \u2014 Via Pitagora 15 \u2014 I-47023 Cesena The legal form has been changed to \u2018Gruppo Bici S.p.A.\u2019 8005\nBohemia Bike\nOkru\u017en\u00ed 110, Hlincova Hora\nCZ-373\u00a071 Rudolfov\nNovus Bike s.r.o.\nHlavn\u00ed 266\nCZ-747\u00a081 Otice\nFor the purposes of this Decision, the definitions set out in Article 1 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97 shall apply.\nThe party set out in table 1 is hereby exempted from the extension by Regulation (EC) No 71/97 of the definitive anti-dumping duty on bicycles originating in the People's Republic of China imposed by Council Regulation (EEC) No\u00a02474/93\u00a0(8) to imports of certain bicycle parts from the People's Republic of China.\nThe exemption shall take effect in relation to that party as from the date provided for in the column headed \u2018Date of effect\u2019.\nThe exemption shall apply only to the party specifically referred to in table 1 with its name and address. The exempted party shall notify the Commission forthwith, of any change to these, providing all relevant information, in particular on any modification in the party's activities linked to assembly operations with regard to the conditions of exemption.\nTable 1\nExempted party\nName Address Country Exemption pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 88/97 Date of effect TARIC additional code\nEts Th Brasseur SA Rue des Steppes 13, 4000 Li\u00e8ge Belgium Article 7 29.5.2012 B294\nThe parties listed in table 2 are under examination pursuant to Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97.\nThe suspension of payment of the extended anti-dumping duty pursuant to Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97 shall be effective as from the dates of receipt of these parties' requests. These dates are provided for in the column headed \u2018Date of effect\u2019.\nThis suspension shall apply only to the parties specifically referred to in table 2 with their names and addresses. The party under examination shall notify the Commission forthwith, of any change to these, providing all relevant information, in particular on any modification in the party's activities linked to assembly operations with regard to the conditions of suspension.\nTable 2\nParties under examination\nName Address Country Suspension pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 88/97 Date of effect TARIC additional code\nc2g-engineering GmbH Schlesische Stra\u00dfe 27, 10997\u00a0Berlin Germany Article 5 16.12.2013 B934\nSolo International Oy Pyyntitie 1 B, 02230 Espoo Finland Article 5 26.7.2013 B940\nPlanet X Ltd Unit 6, Ignite Business Park, Magna Way, Rotherham S60\u00a01FD UK Article 5 7.2.2013 A995\nS.C EUROBIKE UNIVERSAL S.R.L. Street Asociatiei No 4, Movilita, Ialomita Romania Article 5 26.7.2013 B941\nLongway Poland Sp. z o.o. ul. Rajdowa 3a, Konotopa, 05-850\u00a0O\u017car\u00f3w Mazowiecki Poland Article 5 16.12.2013 B935\nBBF Bike GmbH Carena Allee 8, 15366 Hoppegarten Germany Article 5 14.1.2014 B936\nThe request for exemption from the extended anti-dumping duty submitted by the party set out in table 3 is hereby rejected pursuant to Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97.\nThe suspension of payment of the extended anti-dumping duty is hereby lifted for this party pursuant to Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97, as from the date provided for in the column headed \u2018Date of effect\u2019.\nTable 3\nParty for which the suspension shall be lifted\nName Address Country Suspension pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 88/97 Date of effect TARIC additional code\nIBEROSELLE, LDA Vale Domingos 3750 \u2014 321 \u00c1gueda Portugal Article 5 20.4.2012 B292\nThe exemption of the party set out in table 4 from the payment of the extended anti-dumping duty is hereby revoked pursuant to Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No 88/97, as from the date provided for in the column headed \u2018Date of effect\u2019.\nTable 4\nParty for which the exemption shall be revoked\nName Address Country Exemption pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 88/97 Date of effect TARIC additional code\nBorge Kildemoes Cykelfabrik A/S Albanivej 7, Nr. Lyndelse, 5792 Arslev Denmark Article 7 1 day after publication of the present Decision A166\nUpdated references to the exempted parties listed in table 5 are provided for in the column headed \u2018New reference\u2019. The corresponding TARIC additional codes previously attributed to these exempted parties as provided for in the column headed \u2018TARIC additional code\u2019 remain the same.\nTable 5\nExempted parties for which the reference shall be updated\nFormer reference New reference Country TARIC additional code\nCannondale Europe BV\nHanzepoort 27,\nNL-7575 DB Oldenzaal\nCycling Sports Group Europe B.V.\nHanzepoort 27\n7575 DB Oldenzaal, Netherlands\n4Ever s.r.o.\n2. Kv\u011btna 267,\nCZ-742\u00a013 Stud\u00e9nka\n4Ever s.r.o.\nMoravsk\u00e1 842\n742\u00a013 Stud\u00e9nka, Czech Republic\nCanyon Bicycles GmbH\nKoblenzer Strasse 236,\nDE-56073 Koblenz\nCanyon Bicycles GmbH\nKarl-Tesche-Str. 12\n56073 Koblenz, Germany\nKellys Bicycles\nsro Krajinsk\u00e1 1\nSK-92101 Pie\u0161t'any\nKELLYS BICYCLES s.r.o.\nSlne\u010dn\u00e1 cesta 374\n922\u00a001 Ve\u013ek\u00e9 Orvi\u0161te, Slovak Republic\nMadirom PROD SRL\nBd. Liviu Rebreanu nr. 130\nRO-300748 Timi\u0219oara, Timi\u0219\nS.C. Madirom Prod S.R.L.\nStrada Stefan Procopiu Nr. 1\n300647 Timisoara, Judet Timis, Romania\nIntercycles SA,\nF-85000 La Roche sur Yon, France\nArcade Cycles\n78 Impasse Philippe-Gozola\nZA Acti Est Parc Eco 85-1\n85000 La Roche-sur-Yon, France\nVeronese Luigi S.N.C. di Veronese Paolo e Elisabetta \u2014 Cicli Roveco\nVia Umberto I, 508\nI-45023 Costa di Rovigo \u2014 IT\nCicli Roveco di Veronese Paolo & C. S.A.S.\nVia Umberto I n.508\n45023 Costa Di Rovigo, Italy\nCobran snc di Perrino Agostino & C.,\nVia Zingarina, 6\nI-47900 Rimini \u2014 IT\nCobran S.R.L.\nVia Della Zingarina 6\n47900 Rimini (RN), Italy\nSchwinn-Csepel Ker\u00e9kp\u00e1rgy\u00e1rt\u00f3 \u00e9s Forgalmaz\u00f3 Rt.\nDuna Lej\u00e1r\u00f3 7\nH-1211 Budapest\nCsepel Bicycle Manufacturing and Sales Company LTD.\nDuna Lej\u00e1r\u00f3 7\n1211 Budapest, Hungary\nMICMO/Gitane,\nF-44270 Machecoul\nManufacture Fran\u00e7aise Du Cycle\n27 rue Marcel Bruneli\u00e8re\n44270 Machecoul, France\nMetelli di Staffoni Mario & C.S.A.S.\nVia Trento 68\nIT-25030 Trenzano (BS)\nMetelli di Metelli Maria Rosa E C. S.A.S.\nVia Trento 68\n25030 Trenzano (BS), Italy\nVizija Sport d.o.o.\nTr\u017ea\u0161ka cesta 87 b,\nSL-1370 Logatec\nVizija Sport d.o.o.\nTr\u017ea\u0161ka cesta 77\n1370 Logatec, Slovenia\nEuro Bike Products\nul. Starolecka 18\nPL-61-361 Poznan\nEuro Bike Products\nul. Ostrowska 498, 498A\n61-324 Pozna\u0144, Poland\nSpeedcross di Torretta Luigi E C. s.n.c., Corso Italia 20,\n20020 Vanzaghello (MI), Italy\nCode X Sp. z o.o.\nOlszanka 109,\nPL-33-386 Podegrodzie\nSkilledbike Sp. z o.o.\nOlszanka 109\n33-386 Podegrodzie, Poland\nGruppo Bici S.p.A.\nVia Pitagora 15\n47521 Cesena, Italy\nBohemia Bike\nOkru\u017en\u00ed 110, Hlincova Hora\nCZ-373\u00a071 Rudolfov\nBohemia Bike a.s.\nOkru\u017en\u00ed 697\n370\u00a001 \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, Czech Republic\nNovus Bike s.r.o.\nHlavn\u00ed 266\nCZ-747\u00a081 Otice\nNovus Bike s.r.o.\nVan\u010durova 2985/20\n746\u00a001 Opava 1, Czech Republic\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States and to the parties listed in Articles 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. It is also published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["two-wheeled vehicle", "China", "tariff exemption", "spare part", "import (EU)", "anti-dumping duty", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["Hamburg", "\u0160iauliai county", "UN-Habitat", "coppiced woodland", "cost of capital", "mnemonics", "Montenegro", "parliament"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2010/223/: Decision of the European Council of 26\u00a0March 2010 appointing the Vice-President of the European Central Bank\n21.4.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 99/7\nDECISION OF THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL\nof 26 March 2010\nappointing the Vice-President of the European Central Bank\n(2010/223/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COUNCIL\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Articles 283(2) and 139(2)(h) thereof, and having regard to Articles 11.2 and 42.3 of the Protocol on the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank,\nHaving regard to the Recommendation of the Council\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(2),\nHaving regard to the Opinion of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank\u00a0(3),\nMr V\u00edtor CONST\u00c2NCIO is hereby appointed Vice-President of the European Central Bank for a term of office of 8\u00a0years.\nThis appointment takes effect from 1 June 2010.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["vice-president of an institution", "appointment of staff", "European Central Bank"], "distractor groups": ["remote sensing", "repentance", "sales aid", "fresh meat", "dropout", "seismic monitoring", "vessel", "Adriatic Sea", "nuclear industry", "Mauritius", "lighting equipment", "technology park"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/182/EC: Commission Decision of 19 March 2007 on a survey for chronic wasting disease in cervids (notified under document number C(2007) 860) (Text with EEA relevance)\n24.3.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 84/37\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 19 March 2007\non a survey for chronic wasting disease in cervids\n(notified under document number C(2007) 860)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2007/182/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 laying down rules for the prevention, control and eradication of certain transmissible spongiform encephalopathies\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Chronic wasting disease is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) affecting cervids, which is widespread in North America but which has never been reported to date in the Community.\n(2) On 3 June 2004, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published an opinion recommending that a targeted surveillance should be undertaken of cervids in the Community. The aim of such surveillance would be to detect the possible presence of TSEs in cervids. Accordingly, provision should be made for Member States to carry out surveys in line with that opinion.\n(3) Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 lays down rules for the prevention, control and eradication of TSEs in animals. That Regulation, as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1923/2006 lays down provision for monitoring programmes for TSEs in cervids. Accordingly, it is now possible to provide for surveys for TSEs in cervids to be carried out by Member States in this Decision.\n(4) Those surveys should include wild and farmed deer species. Since wild deer should primarily be sampled during the hunting season which is of limited duration, in order to allow Member States sufficient time to achieve target numbers of samples, this Decision should therefore apply following the adoption of Regulation (EC) No 1923/2006 amending Regulation (EC) No 999/2001.\n(5) Member States should submit an annual report of the results of those surveys on cervids. The detection of a positive finding of TSE in cervids must be immediately reported to the Commission.\n(6) Member States should ensure that cervids tested for TSEs do not enter the commercial food chain until a negative result has been obtained.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nScope\nThis Decision lays down rules for a survey to detect the presence of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in animals of the deer family, namely cervids (the survey).\nDefinitions\nFor the purposes of this Decision the definitions set out in Annex I shall apply.\nScope of the survey\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall carry out a survey to detect the presence of CWD in cervids in accordance with the minimum requirements in Annex II.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall complete their survey no later than the end of the 2007 hunting season.\nMeasures to be taken by Member States following testing for CWD\nMember States shall carry out the measures set out in Annex III following testing for CWD.\nReports to be provided to the Commission by the Member States\nMember States shall submit to the Commission the following reports:\n(a) a report immediately following the discovery of a positive or inconclusive finding for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in a cervid;\n(b) an annual report of the results of surveys as set out in Annex IV.\nSummary of reports by the Commission to the Member States\nThe Commission shall present to the Member States a summary of the reports provided for in Article 5.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["animal disease", "cervidae", "disease prevention", "research method", "exchange of information"], "distractor groups": ["maintenance obligation", "natural disaster", "judicial cooperation in civil matters in the EU", "travel", "company in difficulties", "mythology", "carpet", "interpretation of the law", "extranet", "political affiliation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a01355/2011 of 20\u00a0December 2011 amending Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0329/2007 concerning restrictive measures against the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea\n21.12.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 338/39\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 1355/2011\nof 20 December 2011\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 329/2007 concerning restrictive measures against the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 329/2007\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 13(1)(e) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Annex V to Regulation (EC) No 329/2007 lists persons, entities and bodies who, having been designated by the Council, are covered by the freezing of funds and economic resources under that Regulation.\n(2) On 19 December 2011, the Council decided to amend the list of persons, entities and bodies to whom the freezing of funds and economic resources should apply. Annex V should therefore be updated.\n(3) In order to ensure that the measures provided for in this Regulation are effective, this Regulation must enter into force immediately.\nAnnex V to Regulation (EC) No 329/2007 is hereby replaced by the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["economic sanctions", "international sanctions", "North Korea"], "distractor groups": ["isoglucose", "market enlargement", "water analysis", "religious institution", "Comecon", "mineral water", "organisation of teaching", "Lower Silesia province", "aviation fuel", "Mariana Islands", "evacuation of the population", "European social budget"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/38/EU: Council Implementing Decision of 18\u00a0January 2011 authorising France to apply differentiated levels of taxation to motor fuels in accordance with Article 19 of Directive 2003/96/EC\n22.1.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 19/13\nCOUNCIL IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 18 January 2011\nauthorising France to apply differentiated levels of taxation to motor fuels in accordance with Article 19 of Directive 2003/96/EC\n(2011/38/EU)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 2003 restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 19 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the European Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Decision 2005/767/EC\u00a0(2) authorises France to apply, for a period of 3 years, differentiated levels of taxation to gas oil and unleaded petrol. France had requested the authorisation in the context of an administrative reform involving the decentralisation of certain specific powers previously exercised by central government. Decision 2005/767/EC expired on 31 December 2009.\n(2) By letter dated 12 August 2009, France requested authorisation to continue to apply differentiated rates of taxation under the same conditions for a further 6 years after 31 December 2009.\n(3) Decision 2005/767/EC was adopted on the basis that the measure requested by France met the requirements set out in Article 19 of Directive 2003/96/EC. In particular, it was considered that that measure would not hinder the proper functioning of the internal market. It was also considered that it was in conformity with the relevant Community policies.\n(4) The national measure is part of a policy designed to increase administrative effectiveness by improving the quality and reducing the cost of public services, as well as a policy of subsidiarity. It offers regions an additional incentive to improve the quality of their administration in a transparent fashion. In this respect, Decision 2005/767/EC requires that the reductions be linked to the socioeconomic circumstances of the regions in which they are applied. Overall, the national measure is based on specific policy considerations.\n(5) The tight limits set for the differentiation of rates on a regional basis as well as the exclusion of gas oil used for commercial purposes from the measure imply that the risk of competitive distortions in the internal market is very low. Moreover, the application of the measure so far has shown a strong tendency on behalf of regions to levy the maximum rate allowable, which has further decreased any potential for competitive distortions.\n(6) No obstacles to the proper functioning of the internal market have been reported as regards, more particularly, the circulation of the products in question in their capacity as products subject to excise duty.\n(7) When originally requested, the national measure had been preceded by a tax increase equal to the margin for regional reductions. Against this background and in light of the conditions of the authorisation as well as experience gathered, the national measure does not, at this stage, appear to be in conflict with Union energy and climate policies.\n(8) It follows from Article 19(2) of Directive 2003/96/EC that each authorisation granted under that Article must be strictly limited in time. Due to the possible future developments of the Union framework on energy taxation, this authorisation should be limited to a period of 3 years. It is furthermore appropriate to avoid any time gap with respect to the application of the authorisation,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0France is hereby authorised to apply reduced rates of taxation to unleaded petrol and gas oil used as fuel. Gas oil for commercial use within the meaning of Article 7(2) of Directive 2003/96/EC shall not be eligible for any such reductions.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Administrative regions may be permitted to apply differentiated reductions provided the following conditions are fulfilled:\n(a) the reductions are no greater than EUR 35,4 per 1\u00a0000 litres of unleaded petrol or EUR 23,0 per 1\u00a0000 litres of gas oil;\n(b) the reductions are no greater than the difference between the levels of taxation of gas oil for non-commercial use and gas oil for commercial use;\n(c) the reductions are linked to the objective socio-economic conditions of the regions in which they are applied;\n(d) the application of regional reductions does not have the effect of granting a region a competitive advantage in intra-Union trade.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The reduced rates must comply with the requirements of Directive 2003/96/EC, and in particular the minimum rates laid down in Article 7.\nThis Decision shall take effect on the day of its notification.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2010.\nIt shall expire on 31 December 2012.\nThis Decision is addressed to the French Republic", "answer groups": ["derogation from EU law", "restriction on competition", "diesel fuel", "tax relief", "lead-free petrol", "fuel tax", "tax system", "France"], "distractor groups": ["trade union", "ecology", "document indexing", "chemical product", "terrestrial ecosystem", "criminal negligence", "popular art"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 165/2010 of 26 February 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs as regards aflatoxins (Text with EEA relevance)\n27.2.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 50/8\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 165/2010\nof 26 February 2010\namending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs as regards aflatoxins\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 315/93 of 8 February 1993 laying down Community procedures for contaminants in food\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 2(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs\u00a0(2) sets maximum levels for aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin total (aflatoxin B1\u00a0+\u00a0G1\u00a0+\u00a0B2\u00a0+\u00a0G2) in a range of foodstuffs.\n(2) It is necessary to amend certain maximum levels for aflatoxins in certain foodstuffs to take into account developments in Codex Alimentarius and new information contained in recent scientific advice.\n(3) Codex Alimentarius established a level of 15\u00a0\u03bcg/kg aflatoxin total in almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios intended for further processing and a level of 10\u00a0\u03bcg/kg aflatoxin total in almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios \u2018ready-to-eat\u2019\u00a0(3).\n(4) The Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (Contam Panel) of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adopted on 25 January 2007 an opinion on the potential increase of consumer health risk by a possible increase of the existing maximum levels for aflatoxins in almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios and derived products\u00a0(4). The Contam Panel concluded that changing the maximum levels for total aflatoxins from 4 to 8 or 10\u00a0\u03bcg/kg in almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios would have minor effects on the estimates of dietary exposure, cancer risk and the calculated margins of exposure (MOEs). The Panel furthermore concluded that exposure to aflatoxins from all sources should be as low as reasonably achievable, because aflatoxins are genotoxic and carcinogenic. The data indicate that reduction of total dietary exposure to aflatoxins could be achieved by reducing the number of highly contaminated foods reaching the market through more effective enforcement and reducing exposure from food sources other than almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios.\n(5) The Contam Panel adopted on 16 June 2009 a statement on the effects on public health of an increase of the levels for aflatoxin total from 4\u00a0\u03bcg/kg to 10\u00a0\u03bcg/kg for tree nuts other than almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios\u00a0(5). The Panel concluded that based on the information which was available in 2007 public health would not be adversely affected by increasing the levels for total aflatoxins from 4\u00a0\u03bcg/kg to 10\u00a0\u03bcg/kg for other tree nuts, including Brazil nuts. Given the current discussions in Codex Alimentarius on the maximum levels for aflatoxins in Brazil nuts, it is appropriate to align the level for aflatoxins in Brazil nuts with the Codex level for almonds, hazelnuts and pistachios.\n(6) Codex Alimentarius established only a maximum level for aflatoxin total. The corresponding aflatoxin B1 level was determined by making use of the database on occurrence of aflatoxins in food used by EFSA for the exposure assessment.\n(7) In the EFSA opinion on aflatoxins it is observed that oilseeds and derived products are an important contributor to the human aflatoxin exposure. EFSA concluded that exposure to aflatoxins from all sources should be as low as reasonably achievable. Furthermore, notifications in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) indicate high levels of aflatoxins in oilseeds such as sunflower seeds, melon seeds etc. It is therefore proposed to also set a maximum level for oilseeds other than groundnuts (peanuts), in line with the existing maximum levels for groundnuts (peanuts). However, as aflatoxins are nearly completely removed by the process for producing refined vegetable oils, it is appropriate to exclude oilseeds, including groundnuts (peanuts), intended for crushing for refined vegetable oil and refined vegetable oil.\n(8) A maximum level of 2\u00a0\u03bcg/kg for aflatoxin B1 and 4\u00a0\u03bcg/kg aflatoxin total has been established in all cereals and all products derived from cereals with the exception of maize to be subjected to sorting or other physical treatment before human consumption for which a maximum level of 5\u00a0\u03bcg/kg for aflatoxin B1 and 10\u00a0\u03bcg/kg for aflatoxin total has been established. Rice in husk regularly contains levels of aflatoxins slightly above the maximum levels. After milling, a process which removes the husk, the levels of aflatoxins in the white milled rice are below the maximum levels. It is therefore appropriate to apply the same approach for rice as the existing approach for maize, and to set a higher maximum level of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin total for rice to be subjected to sorting or other physical treatment before human consumption or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs.\n(9) The maximum levels refer to the edible part of the tree nuts. However, recent scientific evidence has demonstrated that a part of the aflatoxin contamination can be found on the shell of Brazil nuts. Therefore, it is appropriate to modify the footnote in the Annex, indicating the procedure to be followed in case tree nuts \u2018in shell\u2019 are analysed, to take into account this recent scientific information.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nRegulation (EC) No 1881/2006 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 4 is replaced by the following:\n(a) are not intended for direct human consumption or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs;\n(b) comply with the appropriate maximum levels laid down in points 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 2.1.9 and 2.1.12 of the Annex;\n(c) are subjected to a treatment involving sorting or other physical treatment and that after this treatment the maximum levels laid down in points 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7, 2.1.8, 2.1.10 and 2.1.11 of the Annex are not exceeded, and this treatment does not result in other harmful residues;\n(d) are labelled clearly showing their use, and bearing the indication \u201cproduct shall be subjected to sorting or other physical treatment to reduce aflatoxin contamination before human consumption or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs\u201d. The indication shall be included on the label of each individual bag, box etc. and on the original accompanying document. The consignment/batch identification code shall be indelibly marked on each individual bag, box etc. of the consignment and on the original accompanying document.\u2019;\n2. Article 5 is replaced by the following:\n3. the Annex is amended as follows:\n(a) subsection 2.1 (Aflatoxins) is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation;\n(b) footnote 5 is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(5) The maximum levels refer to the edible part of groundnuts (peanuts) and tree nuts. If groundnuts (peanuts) and tree nuts \u201cin shell\u201d are analysed, it is assumed when calculating the aflatoxin content all the contamination is on the edible part, except in the case of Brazil nuts.\u2019;\n(c) the following footnotes are added:\n\u2018(40) Oilseeds falling under codes CN 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, 1206, 1207 and derived products CN 1208; melon seeds fall under code ex\u00a01207\u00a099.\n(41) In case derived/processed products thereof are derived/processed solely or almost solely from the tree nuts concerned, the maximum levels as established for the corresponding tree nuts apply also to the derived/processed products. In other cases, Article 2(1) and 2(2) apply for the derived/processed products.\u2019\nThis Regulation shall not apply to apricot kernels, oilseeds, other than groundnuts (peanuts) and processed products thereof, which were placed on the market at a date prior to the date of application in conformity with the provisions applicable at such date.\nThe burden of proving when the products were placed on the market shall be borne by the food business operator.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 10th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from the date of entry into force.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food contamination", "health risk", "foodstuff", "food standard", "food safety", "toxic substance"], "distractor groups": ["light industry", "accounting entry", "monetary policy", "oats", "CCT duties", "promotion", "European convention", "sustainable mobility", "agricultural bank"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2009/437/EC: Commission Decision of 8 June 2009 amending Decision 2007/268/EC on the implementation of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds to be carried out in the Member States (notified under document number C(2009) 4228) (Text with EEA relevance)\n10.6.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 145/45\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 8 June 2009\namending Decision 2007/268/EC on the implementation of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds to be carried out in the Member States\n(notified under document number C(2009) 4228)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2009/437/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 90/424/EEC of 26 June 1990 on expenditure in the veterinary field\u00a0(1) and in particular the fourth subparagraph of Article 24(2) and Article 24(10) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2005/94/EC of 20 December 2005 on Community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive 92/40/EEC\u00a0(2) and in particular Article 4(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2007/268/EC\u00a0(3) lays down guidelines for the performance of the surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds to be carried out by the Member States. Those guidelines include provisions on the submission of laboratory results to the Community Reference Laboratory for avian influenza.\n(2) Since the adoption of Decision 2007/268/EC, the Commission has introduced an online system for reporting laboratory results obtained during surveillance in poultry and wild birds. It is appropriate that that online system be used for the purposes of the reporting obligations provided for in Decision 2007/268/EC.\n(3) In addition, Decision 2007/268/EC provides that all positive serological findings are to be confirmed by the National Laboratories for avian influenza by a haemaglutination-inhibition test, using designated strains supplied by the Community Reference Laboratory for avian influenza. It is appropriate that the strains used for confirmation of the avian influenza H5 subtype be replaced by other strains, which may achieve the same diagnostic parameters in a more rapid and cost-efficient manner.\n(4) Decision 2007/268/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee of the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2007/268/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Annex I is amended as follows:\n(a) in Part A, Section A.2, point 4 is replaced by the following:\n\u20184. The competent authority shall ensure that all positive and negative results of both serological and virological laboratory investigations obtained during surveillance are reported to the Commission through the Commission\u2019s online system. These results must be reported every three months and entered into the online system within four weeks following the end of the three months period.\u2019;\n(b) in Part B, point 2 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182. Specific protocols to accompany the sending of samples and diagnostic material to the CRL shall be provided by the CRL. A good exchange of information between the CRL and the NL must be ensured. The CRL shall provide technical support and keep an enlarged stock of diagnostic reagents.\u2019\n(c) in Part D, point 3 is replaced by the following:\n\u20183. All positive serological findings shall be confirmed by the NL by a haemagglutination-inhibition test, using designated strains supplied by the CRL:\n(a) for \nH5\n subtype:\n(i) Initial testing using teal/England/7894/06 (H5N3);\n(ii) Testing of all positives with chicken/Scotland/59(H5N1) to eliminate N3 cross reactive antibodies\n(b) for \nH7\n subtype:\n(i) Initial testing using Turkey/England/647/77 (H7N7);\n(ii) Testing of all positive with African Starling/983/79 (H7N1) to eliminate N7 cross reactive antibodies.\u2019;\n2. in Annex II, Part A, Section A2, point 3 is replaced by the following:\n\u20183. The competent authority shall ensure that all positive and negative results of both serological and virological laboratory investigations obtained during surveillance are reported to the Commission through the Commission\u2019s online system. These results must be reported every three months and entered into the online system within four weeks following the end of the three months period.\u2019\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["wildlife", "co-financing", "bird", "veterinary inspection", "disease prevention", "poultry", "EU programme", "animal disease"], "distractor groups": ["economic discrimination", "peace", "occupational physiology", "forum", "independence of the disabled", "EU migration policy", "national minority"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1021/95 of 5 May 1995 amending Regulation (EEC) No 890/78 laying down detailed rules for the certification of hops (Text with EEA relevance)\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1021/95 of 5 May 1995 amending Regulation (EEC) No 890/78 laying down detailed rules for the certification of hops (Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 of 26 July 1971 on the common organization of the market in hops (1), as amended by the Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, and Regulation (EC) No 3290/94 (2), and in particular Article 2 (5) thereof,\nWhereas as a consequence of the accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, Commission Regulation (EEC) No 890/78 (3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 852/94 (4), should be adjusted;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee on Hops,\nRegulation (EEC) No 890/78 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 5a is replaced by the following:\n'Article 5a The certificate referred to in Article 5 of Regulation (EEC) No 1784/77 shall bear at least one of the following texts, applied by the authority empowered to carry out certifications:\n- Produit certifi\u00e9 - R\u00e8glement (CEE) n\u00b0 890/78,\n- Certificeret produkt - Forordning (EOEF) nr. 890/78,\n- Zertifiziertes Erzeugnis - Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 890/78,\n- \u00d0\u00e9\u00f3\u00f4\u00ef\u00f0\u00ef\u00e9\u00e7\u00ec\u00dd\u00ed\u00ef \u00f0\u00f1\u00ef\u00faue\u00ed - \u00ca\u00e1\u00ed\u00ef\u00ed\u00e9\u00f3\u00ecue\u00f2 (AA\u00cf\u00ca) \u00e1\u00f1\u00e9\u00e8. 890/78,\n- Producto certificado - Reglamento (CEE) n\u00b0 890/78,\n- Certified product - Regulation (EEC) No 890/78,\n- Prodotto certificato - Regolamento (CEE) n. 890/78,\n- Gecertificeerd produkt - Verordening (EEG) nr. 890/78,\n- Produto certificado - Regulamento (CEE) n\u00ba 890/78,\n- Varmennettu tuote - Asetus (ETY) N :o 890/78,\n- Certifierad produkt - Foerordning (EEG) nr 890/78.` 2. Article 6 (3) is replaced by the following:\n'3. Before 1 September 1978, Member States shall communicate to the Commission a list of the certification centres and the code for each centre.\nIn the case of Greece, Spain, Portugal and Austria, this information shall be communicated before the end of the fourth month following the date of accession.\nThe list of these centres and their code numbers shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities. An updated list shall be published annually.` 3. Article 11 is replaced by the following:\n'Article 11 Before 1 September 1978, Member States shall communicate to the Commission a list of the zones or regions of production referred to in Article 6 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 1784/77.\nIn the case of Greece, Spain, Portugal and Austria, this information shall be communicated before the end of the fourth month following the date of accession.` 4. Point 2 of Annex III is replaced by the following:\n>TABLE>\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 1995.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["enlargement of the Union", "food processing", "labelling", "certificate of origin", "beverage industry", "hops"], "distractor groups": ["ordinary legislative procedure", "therapeutic abortion", "Wassenaar arrangement", "European Forest Institute", "sectoral planning", "doctor", "personalisation of power", "universal suffrage", "export credit insurance"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0491/2006 of 27 March 2006 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a02375/2002 opening and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas for common wheat of a quality other than high quality from third countries and derogating from Council Regulation (EEC) No\u00a01766/92\n28.3.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 89/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 491/2006\nof 27 March 2006\namending Regulation (EC) No 2375/2002 opening and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas for common wheat of a quality other than high quality from third countries and derogating from Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 12(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In the light of the experience gained in applying Commission Regulation (EC) No 2375/2002\u00a0(2), certain provisions of that Regulation should be clarified and simplified. In order to improve monitoring of imports under that tariff quota, it is necessary to allocate a serial number to each subquota. It should also be recalled that import licence applications are to be submitted in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000\u00a0(3) and that the applicant must therefore lodge a security on the day when the licence application is submitted.\n(2) In order to ensure that the actual quantities being requested by individual traders may be verified, it is necessary to specify that traders must submit only one import licence application per serial number and per weekly period concerned, and to provide for a penalty in the event of a failure to meet this requirement.\n(3) With a view to modernising the management of the system, provision should be made for the information required by the Commission to be transmitted electronically.\n(4) In order to permit improved monitoring of imports under the subquota for third countries other than the United States and Canada, import licence applications and import licences themselves should mention only one country of origin.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nRegulation (EC) No 2375/2002 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Article 3, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(a) subquota I (order number 09.4123): 572\u00a0000 tonnes for the United States;\n(b) subquota II (order number 09.4124): 38\u00a0000 tonnes for Canada;\n(c) subquota III (order number 09.4125): 2\u00a0371\u00a0600 tonnes for other third countries.\u2019\n2. The following Article 4a is added:\n3. Article 5 is amended as follows:\n(a) Paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(b) In paragraph 2, the words \u2018by fax\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018electronically\u2019.\n(c) Paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:\n(d) Paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n4. The Annex is replaced by the text set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["third country", "import", "common wheat", "originating product", "exchange of information", "tariff quota", "import licence"], "distractor groups": ["homicide", "nuclear fuel", "agricultural levy", "interpreting", "crisis management", "legal working time", "interparliamentary delegation", "groat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 985/97 of 30 May 1997 terminating the investigation concerning the circumvention of definitive anti-dumping measures imposed by Council Regulation (EC) No 993/93 on imports of certain retail electronic weighing scales originating in Japan by imports of the same product assembled in and/or transhipped through Indonesia, and ceasing registration of this product\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 985/97 of 30 May 1997 terminating the investigation concerning the circumvention of definitive anti-dumping measures imposed by Council Regulation (EC) No 993/93 on imports of certain retail electronic weighing scales originating in Japan by imports of the same product assembled in and/or transhipped through Indonesia, and ceasing registration of this product\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 2331/96 (2), and in particular Articles 9, 13 and 14 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) On 31 August 1996, by Regulation (EC) No 1717/96 (3), the Commission initiated an investigation into the alleged circumvention of the anti-dumping duties imposed by the Council Regulation (EEC) No 993/93 of 26 April 1993 (4) on imports of certain retail electronic weighing scales (hereinafter 'REWS`) originating in Japan by imports of the same product assembled in and/or transhipped through Indonesia, and it directed customs authorities, pursuant to Article 14 (5) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 (hereinafter the 'Basic Regulation`), to register imports from Indonesia of the product covered by this investigation.\n(2) The investigation was initiated following a request, pursuant to Article 13 (3) of the Basic Regulation, lodged on behalf of the Community industry by the following companies:\n- Bizerba GmbH & Co KG,\n- Campesa SA,\n- Dataprocess Industria SpA,\n- Testut SA,\n- Lutrana SA,\n- GEC Avery Limited,\n- Maatschappij van Berkel's Patent BV,\n- Breveti van Berkel SpA.\n(3) The request contained evidence, in accordance with Article 13 (3) of the Basic Regulation, that the anti-dumping duty on imports of REWS produced by TEC Corporation, Tokyo (5) (hereinafter 'TEC`) and originating in Japan could be being circumvented by assembly operations in and/or transhipments through Indonesia of REWS subsequently exported to the Community. The evidence was considered to be sufficient to justify the initiation of an investigation.\n(4) The product under consideration consists of electronic weighing scales for use in the retail trade which incorporate a digital display of the weight, unit price and price to be paid, whether or not including a means of printing this data (hereinafter referred to as 'REWS`). REWS are currently classified within CN code ex 8423 81 50.\n(5) The investigation covered the period 1 July 1995 to 30 June 1996.\n(6) The following companies cooperated in the investigation and submitted satisfactory replies to the questionnaires:\n- TEC Corporation (Japan) (exporter),\n- PT TEC Indonesia (hereinafter TEC Indonesia) (assembler),\n- TEC Elektronic GMBH (related importer),\n- TEC UK Ltd (related importer),\n- TEC France International SA (related importer),\n- TEC Belgium SA (related importer).\nCompanies which requested to be heard within the time limits set by Regulation (EC) No 1717/96 were granted a hearing. The Commission advised the authorities of Japan, Singapore and Indonesia and held consultations with representatives of Indonesia.\nThe Indonesian company mentioned in the request, PT Kahar Duta Sarana (Jakarta, Indonesia), informed the Commission that it distributed REWS on the Indonesian market but that it dit not export REWS to the European Community. Consequently it did not reply to the questionnaire.\nB. INVESTIGATION\n(7) The first sentence of Article 13 (1) of the Basic Regulation provides for anti-dumping duties in force to be extended to imports of finished products from third countries when circumvention of the measures is taking place. The investigation showed that the operation in Indonesia consisted of an assembly-operation of REWS. Article 13 (2) of the Basic Regulation specifies the conditions under which an assembly operation shall be considered to circumvent measures in force.\nC. RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n1. Nature of the circumvention practice\n(8) The investigation has established that TEC Corporation (Japan) assembles REWS in Indonesia through its subsidiary, TEC Indonesia, some of those assembled REWS being exported to the Community. The assembly of REWS in Indonesia started in May 1994 on Batham Island (Indonesia), a free trade area located close to Singapore.\nThe Commission verified that TEC Indonesia, already established in July 1992, is fully owned by TEC Singapore Electronics Ltd (hereinafter TEC Singapore) which in turn is fully owned by TEC Corporation (Japan). It produces electronic equipment, among which REWS, under a licence agreement with TEC Singapore. TEC Indonesia was found to be, de facto, a workshop of TEC Singapore and both companies are consequently considered, for the purpose of the investigation, to constitute a single economic entity.\n(9) TEC Indonesia procures all the parts used for the assembly of REWS from TEC Singapore. TEC Singapore buys parts from Japan (inter alia, from its mother company TEC Corporation), from Singapore and from third countries. In addition, TEC Singapore mounts printed circuit boards (PCBs) which are sold, among others, to TEC Indonesia.\nThe REWS, once assembled by TEC Indonesia, are sold to TEC Singapore which in its turn sells these to TEC Corporation (Japan). The latter takes care of the export administration (marketing and invoicing) as regards, inter alia, the Community. Physically, the REWS are shipped to the Community from Indonesia.\n(10) The Indonesian company mentioned in the complaint (PT Kahar Duta Sarana) is the domestic distributor of TEC REWS in Indonesia. Sales of TEC REWS to PT Kahar Duta Sarana during the investigation period were limited in quantity and it was verified that these sales were only destined to the Indonesian market.\nThe major part of the TEC REWS exported to the Community during the investigation period were sold to the four related importers listed above (recital (6)). The remainder were sold to independent distributors in the Community.\n2. Conditions of Article 13 (2) of the Basic Regulation\n(i) Start or substantial increase of operations\n(11) The assembly of TEC REWS by TEC Indonesia started in May 1994, i.e. after the initiation of the anti-dumping investigation in 1991 (notice of initiation published on 26 February 1991 (6) that led to the imposition of the original measures in April 1993. It was found that no TEC REWS were assembled by TEC Indonesia prior to May 1994.\nThe export of the Indonesian assembled REWS to the Community appears to have grown from zero in May 1994 to 5 114 units during the investigation period.\n(ii) 60 % rule on the total value of the parts of the assembled product\n(12) The value of parts has been calculated in respect of REWS assembled in Indonesia which were exported to the Community during the investigation period.\n(13) All elements, material or immaterial (such as software) purchased by TEC Indonesia to be incorporated into the REWS have been considered as parts. Any element manufactured, assembled or developed by TEC Indonesia or TEC Singapore (as these companies are considered as a single economic entity) to be incorporated into the REWS has been considered as an individual part where its manufacture, assembly or development could not be reversed to any extent without significantly diminishing the value of that element.\nIt was found that it was feasible to dismantle all sub-assemblies, other than the load cells, to a prior level of assembly without significantly diminishing their value. The value added resulting from the assembly of these sub-assemblies has been accounted for under the 25 % value added test (see below).\n(14) Printed circuit boards (PCBs) assembled by TEC Singapore and sold to TEC Indonesia for the assembly of REWS exported to the Community have been brought to the level of assembly immediately prior to the mounting of the stuffings (i.e. electronic components) into the bare board. Consequently the value of parts purchased by TEC Singapore for the assembly of these PCBs, has been considered for the calculation of the 60/40 % test, according to their respective origins.\nThe value of load cells (which it appeared impossible to disassemble without causing significant material damage to the components and consequent diminution in its value) has therefore been calculated as the cost of parts as brought in plus direct labour cost plus manufacturing overheads.\n(15) The weighted average value of parts of Japanese origin incorporated into TEC REWS assembled by TEC Indonesia and sold to the Community during the investigation period was found to exceed the 60 % threshold.\n(16) However, it has also been found that, in April 1996 (towards the end of the investigation period), TEC Japan transferred to Indonesia the production of an important part for the two models of REWS that are exported to the Community. This transfer led to a considerable reduction of the value of parts of Japanese origin incorporated in the REWS manufactured by TEC Indonesia which, at the end of the investigation period, was far below the 60 % threshold. In this respect, it should be noted that the value of parts of Japanese origin incorporated in each individual model was also less than 60 % at the end of the investigation period.\n(17) Although, as a rule, the situation during the whole period of investigation is used as a basis for the decision on whether measures are to be taken, the Commission took into consideration in this case the very substantial decrease of the percentage of Japanese parts that occurred at the end of the investigation period, that the production of an important part for REWS had been transferred to Indonesia, and that this decrease in the percentage of Japanese parts used in REWS assembled by TEC Indonesia is likely to be maintained as it results from a change in the production pattern which it would be uneconomic to reverse.\n(18) Under these particular circumstances, the Commission considers that the TEC assembly operation in Indonesia should be considered not to meet the parts value requirement of Article 13 (2) (b).\n(iii) 25 % rule: value added\n(19) The weighted average value added brought in to the parts used for the assembly of the REWS exported to the Community by TEC Indonesia has been found to be far below the 25 % threshold of Article 13 (2) (b). Incidentally, the Commission also noted that the sum of the value of the parts of Indonesian origin, plus the value added to the parts brought into the assembly operation, plus the SG& A and the profit of TEC Indonesia, only represented a small part of the ex-factory (TEC Indonesia) price of REWS.\nD. TERMINATION OF THE INVESTIGATION\n(20) In the light of the above findings it appears appropriate to terminate the present investigation without extending the existing anti-dumping measures. The registration of imports of REWS from Indonesia introduced by Regulation (EC) No 1717/96 should therefore cease and that Regulation will be repealed.\n(21) The Advisory Committee has been consulted and has raised no objections.\n(22) Interested parties were informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which the Commission intended to terminate the investigation and were given the opportunity to comment and their comments have been considered,\nThe investigation concerning the circumvention of the anti-dumping duties imposed by Regulation (EC) No 993/93 on imports of certain retail electronic weighing scales originating in Japan by imports of the same product assembled in and/or transhipped through Indonesia initiated by Regulation (EC) No 1717/96 is hereby terminated.\nRegulation (EC) No 1717/96 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Japan", "complaint to the Commission", "anti-dumping measure", "spare part", "measuring equipment", "Indonesia"], "distractor groups": ["open access publishing", "birth policy", "analytical chemistry", "agency abroad", "magistrate", "fourth Lom\u00e9 Convention", "care allowance", "bulb vegetable", "Egypt"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2008/109/EC of 28\u00a0November 2008 amending Annex IV to Council Directive 2000/29/EC on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\n29.11.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 319/68\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2008/109/EC\nof 28 November 2008\namending Annex IV to Council Directive 2000/29/EC on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular point (d) of the second paragraph of Article 14 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Special requirements for wood packaging material and wood used to wedge or support non-wood cargo introduced into the Community are set out in Annex IV to Directive 2000/29/EC. They are based on the FAO International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) No 15 on \u2018Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade\u2019\u00a0(2).\n(2) In addition to the requirements approved under ISPM No 15, Annex IV to Directive 2000/29/EC includes a requirement that imported wood packaging material be made from debarked wood. The application of that debarking requirement has been postponed twice.\n(3) The Community has requested that ISPM No 15 be reviewed to include a requirement addressing the Community\u2019s concern about the risk posed by the presence of bark on such wood packaging material in international trade.\n(4) The Technical Panel on Forest Quarantine (TPFQ), established under the auspices of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) and composed of internationally recognised forestry experts, has now analysed the available research data on the phytosanitary risk posed by bark on wood packaging material. The TPFQ concluded that there is technical justification to require that wood packaging material in international trade should be free from bark with a precisely defined tolerance level for the presence of small pieces of bark ensuring that the phytosanitary risk is kept to an acceptable level and that such requirement should be included in the revised ISPM No 15.\n(5) In order to protect the territory of the Community from the introduction of harmful organisms the Community requirements for the presence of bark on wood packaging material and dunnage should be brought in line with the TPFQ technical conclusions without waiting for the adoption of a revised ISPM No 15 by the IPPC Commission on Phytosanitary Measures.\n(6) It is therefore appropriate to adapt the debarking requirement to that technically justified tolerance level for the presence of bark.\n(7) Annex IV to Directive 2000/29/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The requirement that wood packaging material be made from debarked round wood introduced by Commission Directive 2006/14/EC\u00a0(3) amending Annex IV to Directive 2000/29/EC will apply from 1 January 2009. It is therefore necessary that the measures provided for in this Directive also apply from 1 January 2009. However, in order to allow third countries to make the necessary adaptations it is appropriate to provide that the bark requirement should apply as from 1 July 2009.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nAnnex IV to Directive 2000/29/EC is amended in accordance with the text in the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2008 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2009.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such a reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["nuisance", "plant disease", "health certificate", "surveillance concerning imports", "plant health control", "health risk"], "distractor groups": ["domestic animal", "public economy", "sea fish", "bromine", "length of studies", "Buddhism", "mining extraction", "imprisonment", "first stage of EMU"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1994/92 of 14 July 1992 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports into the Community of outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 1994/92 of 14 July 1992 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports into the Community of outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) In September 1990, the Commission received a written complaint lodged by the Federation of European Bearing Manufacturers' Associations (Febma). The output of the members of this Federation allegedly represented a major proportion of the Community production of the product in question.\n(2) The complaint contained evidence of dumping of outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan and of material injury resulting therefrom. This evidence was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding.\n(3) The Commission accordingly announced by means of a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2) the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan, falling within combined nomenclature (CN) code ex 8482 99 00 and commenced an investigation.\n(4) The Commission officially advised all Community producers, importers and Japanese manufacturers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting country, and the complainants. All parties directly concerned were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing.\n(5) The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following:\n(a) Community producers/related sales companies:\n- France:\n- SKF France SA, Clamart,\n- Timken France, Colmar;\n- Germany:\n- FAG Kugelfischer Georg Schaefer KGaA, Schweinfurt,\n- SKF GmbH, Schweinfurt;\n- United Kingdom:\n- British Timken, Duston,\n- SKF (UK) Ltd, Luton;\n(b) producers in Japan:\n- Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd, Osaka,\n- NTN Corporation, Osaka;\n(c) related importers in the Community:\n- France:\n- Koyo France SA, Argenteuil,\n- NTN France SA, Schweighouse-sur-Moder;\n- Germany:\n- Deutsche Koyo Waelzlager Verkaufs GmbH, Hamburg,\n- NTN Waelzlager (Europa) GmbH, Erkrath;\n- United Kingdom:\n- Koyo (UK) Ltd, Milton Keynes,\n- NTN (UK) Ltd, Lichfield.\n(6) The investigation concerning dumping covered the period 1 January to 31 December 1990 (the 'investigation period').\nB. PRODUCT UNDER CONSIDERATION LIKE PRODUCT\n(7) The products concerned in this proceeding are the outer rings of tapered roller bearings. In the bearing industry they are commonly called 'TRB cups' and are hereinafter referred to in this Regulation as such.\n(8) TRB cups on their own have no function, but are one of the components which comprise complete tapered roller bearings, (i.e. together with inner rings, rollers and roller retainers).\n(9) TRB cups sold on the Japanese market are alike in all respects to the products exported to the Community and which are the subject of this proceeding. In addition, TRB cups produced by the Community manufacturers are alike to the products under consideration.\nC. DUMPING\n1. General\n(10) In view of the many different TRB cup models which exist, all dumping calculations were based on the top selling models to the Community of both the Japanese companies concerned. These models represented at least 80 % of the total number of pieces exported by these companies to the Community. In monetary terms, they constitute more than 75 % of each company's exports of TRB cups.\n(11) Customers for TRB cups in Japan and the Community fall into two distinct categories (and sales channels), namely industrial manufacturers who incorporate TRB cups into their own products and distributors who supply TRB cups for replacement purposes.\n(12) During the investigation it was found that domestic sales by the Japanese producers were almost exclusively made to industrial manufacturers. Accordingly, the Commission's calculations concerning dumping concern only these sales.\n2. Normal value\n(13) Normal value was established on the basis of the weighted average net domestic sales price (i.e. net of all rebates, discounts, sales taxes, etc.) to the first independent customer in Japan for each type of TRB cup taken into consideration if:\n- the weighted average net domestic sales price for that type (loss making transactions accounting for a small proportion of all transactions) exceeded the cost of production including selling, general and other administrative expenses (SGA), and\n- the volume of domestic sales was equivalent to at least 5 % of the export volume to the Community of the type in question.\n(14) When the domestic sales of a particular type were less than 5 % of the quantity exported to the Community, a model alleged to be comparable to the model exported was examined. It was found, however, that although the models put forward by the manufacturers as comparable were always technically similar in terms of dimensions and tolerances etc., they were not always made of the same quality materials, nor was the finish the same. In view of these differences, which were reflected in the large variations in price often found between such models, the Commission considered that such models could not be regarded as sufficiently comparable for appropriate adjustments for differences in physical characteristics to be made.\n(15) In such cases the cost of production of the exported model plus SGA together with the profit realized by the manufacturer on its profitable sales of the like product on the domestic market, which were considered representative on an overall basis, has been taken as the basis for calculating normal value in accordance with Article 2 (3) (b) (ii) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88.\n(16) Normal value was similarly constructed where the exported model concerned had a domestic weighted net sales price below its cost of production plus SGA. In such a case, the cost of production plus SGA plus the profit realized by the manufacturer on its profitable sales of the like product on the domestic market has been taken as the basis for calculating normal value in accordance with Article 2 (3) (b) (ii) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88.\n3. Export price\n(17) For sales made by the Japanese producers to their subsidiaries in the Community, export prices of the TRB cup models taken into consideration were constructed on a transaction-by-transaction basis using resale prices to the first independent buyer in France, Germany or the United Kingdom, adjusted to take account of all costs incurred between importation and resale, together with a reasonable profit on the turnover of the subsidiary. In this case, based on the Commission's estimate of the profitability of the trade sector concerned, a profit margin of 6 % was considered reasonable.\n(18) It was considered appropriate to base the calculation of export prices only on sales to independent industrial manufacturing customers in France, Germany or the United Kingdom, as together these three markets accounted for approximately 90 % of all Japanese resales in the Community.\n(19) Export sales made directly to independent customers in the Community were found to be negligible when compared to the overall export volume of the companies concerned and consequently were not taken into consideration.\n4. Comparison\n(20) Comparison of export prices and normal value was made only for identical TRB cup models, i.e. those whose specification and precision level was the same.\n(21) Adjustments to take account of directly related selling expenses on the Japanese domestic market were also made. However, no allowance was given if such expenses could not satisfactorily be shown to relate directly to the sales in question.\n(22) As far as the differences, if any, between the physical characteristics of TRB cups sold in Japan and those sold to the Community are concerned, the Commission considered that such differences had no effect for the purpose of price comparison.\n(23) On a transaction-by-transaction basis at ex-factory level, export prices for each TRB cup model were compared to the normal value for that model.\n5. Dumping margins\n(24) The dumping margin for both Japanese companies was calculated as being the total amount by which normal values exceeded export values for all the types selected.\n(25) As a percentage of the total cif export value of all types taken into consideration, the margins of dumping established are as follows:\n- Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd 12,4 %,\n- NTN Corporation 6,0 %.\n(26) For those producers that neither replied to the Commission's questionnaire nor otherwise made themselves known, the dumping margin for these companies was determined on the basis of the facts available in accordance with Article 7 (7) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88. Given that the cooperating companies comprise substantially all exports of TRB cups to the Community, it is considered appropriate to base the dumping margin for these other companies on the higher of the dumping margins found, i.e.: 12,4 %.\nD. INJURY\n1. General remarks\n(27) As the combined nomenclature heading under which TRB cups are classified covers more than just these products, accurate officially compiled statistics are not available. The Commission's injury investigation data are therefore, by necessity, based on data provided by the cooperating Community producers and Japanese manufacturers.\n(28) In addition, as only two Japanese manufacturers are concerned, for reasons of confidentiality it has been necessary to use indices in some of the data given in this Regulation.\n(29) The companies lodging the complaint account for approximately 80 % of the total Community output of TRB cups.\n(30) For the purpose of this section of the Regulation, it should also be noted that most of the data relates to the French, German and United Kingdom markets as together they account for the majority of Community sales of TRB cups manufactured in the Community and also those resold by the Japanese manufacturers in the Community. The information concerning estimated market volume, however, refers to all Community markets.\n2. Volume of Community market and market share of dumped imports\n(31) As regards market volume, estimated consumption of TRB cups in the Community dropped by 11,5 % between 1988 and the investigation period.\n(32) Estimated dumped imports of TRB cups of Japanese origin rose significantly, however, by 24 % between 1988 and the investigation period. This development represents an increase in the market share held by such imports from 11,2 % in 1988 to 14,3 % during the investigation period.\n3. Price undercutting\n(33) With regard to price undercutting, it was found that during the investigation period, dumped cups imported from Japan and resold on the Community market on average undercut the prices of the Community producers' models at the same level of trade by the following percentages:\n- Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd 9,4 %,\n- NTN Corporation 6,1 %.\n4. Situation of the Community industry\n(a) Production, capacity, utilization rate and stocks\n(34) When analysing the relevant economic factors, the Commission found that the performance of the Community producers had been variable. Overall figures for the Community industry are, however, given below.\n(35) Production volume of the Community producers was as follows:\n1988 Index = 100 1989 114 1990 109.\n(36) The production capacity of the Community producers was as follows:\n1988 Index = 100 1989 109 1990 120.\n(37) Capacity utilization dropped as follows:\n1988 94,9 % 1989 96,2 % 1990 89,1 %.\n(38) Community producers' stocks of TRB cups increased by approximately 13 % between 1988 and the reference period.\n(b) Sales, market share and profits\n(39) The Community producers' sales (pieces) of TRB cups on the French, German and United Kingdom markets declined as follows:\n1988 Index = 100 1989 96 1990 85.\n(40) With regard to the values of such sales, these also dropped:\n1988 Index = 100 1989 103 1990 95.\n(41) The market share of the Community producers also declined between 1988 and the investigation period:\n1988 88,8 % 1989 87,4 % 1990 85,7 %.\n(42) The Commission has calculated that TRB cups sold in France, Germany and the United Kingdom facing direct competition from dumped models in the sample were making a loss of 14,2 % during the investigation period. When looking however at the profitability of all types of the like product sold by Community producers in the same markets, the loss is 2,3 %. Thus, the level of loss sustained by the Community industry can be seen to be a result of the level of exposure of its products to dumped competition.\n5. Conclusion\n(43) Given these poor financial results and in view of the decline in sales and market share of the Community producers, the Commission considers that the Community industry has suffered material injury.\nE. CAUSATION OF INJURY\n1. Effects of dumped imports\n(44) As there are no perceptible quality differences between the goods under investigation produced in either the Community or Japan the competition between Community producers and Japanese manufacturers is based mainly on prices.\nInformation provided to the Commission concerning major industrial customers shows that these companies keep their supply options open and buy from a cross-section of both Community and Japanese sources. In this transparent market situation the prices of the dumped Japanese products have had a price suppressing effect.\n(45) The undercutting established in this investigation and the particular exposure of certain Community produced models to the dumped imports has had a detrimental effect on this sector of the Community bearing industry. It should, however, also be noted that in certain other areas of bearing production where Japanese companies are not alleged to be dumping (i.e. cylindrical, spherical, needle bearings, etc.), Community manufacturers producing these type of products are trading more profitably.\n(46) As has already been mentioned, the loss made by the Community producers on their sales of TRB cups which are identical in type to the dumped Japanese types is significantly greater than the loss made overall.\n2. Other possible causes of injury\n(47) With regard to the effects of TRB cups originating in other third countries, from information supplied to the Commission it appeared that such imports were in small quantities and mainly from companies related to the Community producers (e.g. parent companies or subsidiary companies). The Commission therefore considers that imports from third countries other than Japan have had little or no effect on the lack of profitability of the Community producers.\n(48) While the drop in consumption may have had some negative effect on the Community producers, this does not explain the higher levels of loss incurred on sales of TRB cups facing competition from dumped imports nor the increased market share of the Japanese producers.\n(49) After taking account of the above factors, the Commission concludes that the injury sustained by the Community industry, taken in isolation from all other factors, is material and that a causal link has been established between the injury suffered and the dumped imports from Japan.\nF. COMMUNITY INTEREST\n(50) In general, it is in the Community interest for there to be fair and workable competition and the purpose of measures in this case is to ensure a situation of fair competition. In considering the Community interest, the Commission has taken account of the interests of the Community bearing industry, the users of bearings and the final consumer of the end product.\n(51) As far as the industrial purchasers are concerned, it can be argued that some benefit could be derived from them being able to buy dumped, low-priced TRB cups. For the final consumers, however, any such benefit would be minimal, since the goods in question normally account for only a small proportion of the final price of most finished products. Even though the effect on the price of the final product to the consumer would be negligible, the benefit provided by anti-dumping measures to the TRB cup producers is considerable.\n(52) Leaving the Community industry without protection against unfair competition will cause a continued deterioration of its situation. The Commission has therefore concluded that, on balance, the interest of the Community clearly lies in granting protection to its bearing industry against unfair imports and proposes the introduction of anti-dumping measures.\nG. PROVISIONAL DUTY\n(53) In order to eliminate the injury suffered by the Community producers it is necessary to remove the undercutting as described in recital 33. In addition, these producers would need to be placed in a position where they could achieve price rises and so enable them to eliminate losses and to realize adequate returns on sales.\n(54) With regard to profit shortfall and lowest return on sales, the Community industry considered a net profit before tax of 15 % to be the necessary minimum. Being an established industry, however, and in view of the profit level achieved historically, this is considered not to be a reasonable profit margin.\n(55) The Commission is of the opinion that after taking into account the need to finance additional investments in manufacturing facilities and research and development, a pre-tax profit rate of 8 % should be used as the basis for assessing profit shortfall in this case.\n(56) The profit shortfall of the Community producers for TRB cups sold in the Community is therefore 10,3 %.\nWith regard to the calculation of the duty necessary to remove the injury suffered by the Community industry, the Commission took into account both profit shortfall and the individual level of price undercutting of the Japanese producers.\n(57) The injury margins established on this basis are higher than the dumping margins established, therefore the anti-dumping duty to be imposed should correspond to the margin of dumping established for each company.\nAccordingly, the following provisional rates of anti-dumping duty should apply:\n- Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd 12,4 %,\n- NTN Corporation 6,0 %.\n(58) The anti-dumping duty rate for outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan and manufactured by companies not listed in recital 57 should be fixed on the basis of the facts available. Given that the imports of the two companies concerned account for a high proportion of all imports into the Community of TRB cups originating in Japan, the Commission considers that the result of its investigation forms the most appropriate basis. Thus, the level of duty to be applied against all other Japanese manufacturers is 12,4 %.\n(59) A period should be fixed within which the parties concerned may make their views known and request a hearing. Furthermore, it should be stated that all findings made for the purpose of this Regulation are provisional and may have to be reconsidered for the purpose of any definitive duty which the Commission may propose,\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of outer rings of tapered roller bearings originating in Japan and falling within CN code ex 8482 99 00 (Taric codes 8482 99 00*11 and 8482 99 00*91).\n2. The rate of duty, applicable to the net free-at-Community frontier price before duty shall be 12,4 % (Taric additional code 8669) except when produced by NTN Corporation, Tokyo (Taric additional code 8668), when it shall be 6,0 %.\n3. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\n4. The release for free circulation in the Community of the products referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provision of a security, equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) and (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the parties concerned may make known their views in writing and apply to be heard orally by the Commission within one month of the date of entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 13 of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, Article 1 of this Regulation shall apply for a period of four months, unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["dumping", "Japan", "bearing"], "distractor groups": ["national library", "enzyme", "independent retailer", "adult education", "import policy", "Community Plant Variety Office", "video communications", "cross voting", "reptile", "ecology", "legal working time", "publication of a law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/787/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 29\u00a0November 2011 authorising Member States temporarily to take emergency measures against the dissemination of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. as regards Egypt (notified under document C(2011) 8618)\n2.12.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 319/112\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 29 November 2011\nauthorising Member States temporarily to take emergency measures against the dissemination of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. as regards Egypt\n(notified under document C(2011) 8618)\n(2011/787/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 16(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. (also known as Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith) is an organism harmful to tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. and as such is subject to measures provided for by Directive 2000/29/EC and Council Directive 98/57/EC of 20 July 1998 on the control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al\u00a0(2).\n(2) Following interceptions in the Union of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. on tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt, the Commission adopted Decision 2004/4/EC of 22 December 2003 authorising Member States temporarily to take emergency measures against the dissemination of Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith as regards Egypt\u00a0(3). That Decision prohibited the entry into the Union of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt unless certain requirements were complied with.\n(3) During the last years further interceptions of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. have occurred on tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt. Therefore, emergency measures against the dissemination of the harmful organism concerned should continue to be in place with regard to the entry into the Union of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt.\n(4) However, those emergency measures should be adapted to respond to a situation which has improved as a result of actions taken by Egypt, in particular a new control regime for the production and export of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. to the Union presented by Egypt. In addition, during the 2010/2011 import season no interception of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. has been recorded in the Union.\n(5) Therefore, the entry into the Union of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt should be permitted if they have been grown in certain areas established by Egypt in accordance with the relevant international standards. The Commission should convey the list of those areas, submitted by Egypt, to the Member States to allow them to carry out import controls and to enable traceability of consignments. Provision should be made for updating that list in the case of an interception of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. In addition, the Union control requirements for the import of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originating in Egypt should be limited to an intensive inspection regime at the arrival of those tubers in the Union.\n(6) Member States should provide the Commission and the other Member States after every import season with detailed information on the imports made in order that the application of this Decision to be assessed.\n(7) In the interest of clarity and rationality, Decision 2004/4/EC should therefore be repealed and replaced by this Decision.\n(8) It is necessary to provide for the possibility to review this Decision.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nPest-free areas\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The entry into the territory of the Union of tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. which originate in Egypt shall be permitted if they have been grown in areas included in the list of pest-free areas referred to in paragraph 2 and if the requirements laid down in the Annex are complied with.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall convey to the Member States a list of pest-free areas submitted by Egypt before each import season and which contains the pest-free areas established in accordance with the \u2018FAO International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No 4: Pest Surveillance \u2014 Requirements for the Establishment of Pest-Free Areas\u2019.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0When an interception of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. is notified to the Commission and Egypt, the area in which the intercepted tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. originate shall be excluded from the list of pest-free areas, referred to in paragraph 2, pending the outcome of investigations carried out by Egypt. The Commission shall convey to the Member States the results of those investigations and, if relevant, an updated list of pest-free areas, as submitted by Egypt.\nSubmission of information and notifications\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The importing Member States shall submit to the Commission and the other Member States, each year before 31 August, information on the amounts imported under this Decision during the previous import season, a detailed technical report on the inspections referred to in point 4 of the Annex and testing on latent infection referred to in point 5 of the Annex and copies of all official phytosanitary certificates.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0When Member States notify to the Commission a suspect or confirmed finding of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. in accordance with point 6 of the Annex, that notification shall be accompanied by copies of the relevant official phytosanitary certificates and their attached documents.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The notification referred to in paragraph 2 shall cover only the consignment, where it is composed of lots which all have the same provenance.\nRepeal\nDecision 2004/4/EC is repealed.\nReview\nThe Commission shall review this Decision by 30 September 2012.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["microorganism", "surveillance concerning imports", "Egypt", "plant health control", "potato", "originating product", "plant disease", "import (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["independence of the disabled", "over-exploitation of resources", "short-term credit", "Ionian Sea", "appeal to the European Ombudsman", "share", "developing countries"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/425/EU: Commission Decision of 1 July 2014 authorising Slovakia and the United Kingdom to derogate from certain common aviation safety rules pursuant to Article 14(6) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2014) 4344) Text with EEA relevance\n3.7.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 196/30\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 1 July 2014\nauthorising Slovakia and the United Kingdom to derogate from certain common aviation safety rules pursuant to Article 14(6) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council\n(notified under document C(2014) 4344)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2014/425/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency, and repealing Council Directive 91/670/EEC, Regulation (EC) No 1592/2002 and Directive 2004/36/EC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 14(7) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Slovakia and the United Kingdom requested to apply certain derogations to the common aviation safety rules contained in Commission Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011\u00a0(2). Pursuant to Article 14(7) of Regulation (EC) No\u00a0216/2008, the Commission assessed the need for, and the level of protection emerging from, the derogations requested based on recommendations from the European Aviation Safety Agency (\u2018the Agency\u2019).\n(2) The first derogation, requested by Slovakia on 29 April 2013, concerned the requirements of the renewal of instrument rating (\u2018IR\u2019) privileges and of passing again the IR theoretical knowledge examination and skill test, set out in points (c) and (d) of FCL.625 of Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011. Slovakia argued that those requirements were not appropriate where a pilot holds an equivalent IR on a third country licence which is compliant with Annex 1 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation signed in Chicago on 7\u00a0December 1944 (\u2018ICAO Annex 1\u2019). Slovakia also gave reasons demonstrating that an equivalent level of protection would be achieved should the proposed derogation be granted. Based on the recommendation from the Agency, issued on 4 June 2013, the Commission concluded that the derogation would provide a level of protection equivalent to the one attained by application of the common aviation safety rules, provided certain conditions are met.\n(3) The second derogation, requested by Slovakia on 29 April 2013, concerned the requirement of the renewal of class or type ratings, set out in point (b) of FCL.740 of Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011. Slovakia argued that the requirement was not appropriate where a pilot holds an equivalent class or type rating on a third country licence which was compliant with ICAO Annex 1. Slovakia also gave reasons demonstrating that an equivalent level of protection would be achieved should the proposed derogation be granted. Based on the recommendation from the Agency, issued on 4 June 2013, the Commission concluded that the derogation would provide a level of protection equivalent to the one attained by application of the common aviation safety rules, provided certain conditions are met.\n(4) The third derogation, requested by the United Kingdom on 21 June 2013 and amended on 4 July, concerned the conditions of the revalidation of single-engine piston aeroplane class rating and touring motor glider class rating, set out in point (b)(1)(ii) of FCL.740.A of Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011. The United Kingdom argued that the requirement was not appropriate for pilots who maintained instrument ratings and/or instructor ratings but did not hold other class or type ratings. The United Kingdom also gave reasons demonstrating that an equivalent level of protection would be achieved should the proposed derogation be granted. Based on the recommendation from the Agency, issued on 27 August 2013, the Commission concluded that the derogation would provide a level of protection equivalent to the one attained by application of the common aviation safety rules, provided certain conditions are met.\n(5) The fourth derogation, requested by the United Kingdom on 10 July 2013, concerned the prerequisites to be complied with by applicants for an SFE certificate for aeroplanes, set out in point (a) of FCL.1010.SFE of Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011. The United Kingdom argued that those prerequisites were incomplete, as they covered multi-pilot aeroplanes only, and not single-pilot high performance complex aeroplanes. The United Kingdom also gave reasons demonstrating that an equivalent level of protection would be achieved should the proposed derogation be granted. Based on the recommendation from the Agency, issued on 27 August 2013, the Commission concluded that the derogation would provide a level of protection equivalent to the one attained by application of the common aviation safety rules, provided certain conditions are met.\n(6) In accordance with Article 14(7) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, a derogation granted to one Member State needs to be notified to all Member States, which would also be entitled to apply that measure. This Decision should therefore be addressed to all Member States. The description of the derogation, as well as the conditions attached to it, should be such as to enable other Member States to apply that measure when they are in the same situation, without requiring a further approval from the Commission. Nevertheless, Member States should exchange information on the application of the derogations in accordance with Article 15(1) of Regulation (EC) No 216/2008, as they may have effects outside the Member States to which derogations are granted.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the European Aviation Safety Agency Committee,\nSlovakia may grant approvals derogating from the following implementing rules provided for in Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011:\n(1) points (c) and (d) of FCL.625 \u2018IR \u2014 Validity, revalidation and renewal\u2019 of that Annex, in favour of the rules laid down in section 1 of Annex I to this Decision, provided that conditions specified in section 2 of Annex I to this Decision are complied with;\n(2) point (b) of FCL.740 \u2018Validity and renewal of class and type ratings\u2019 of that Annex, in favour of the rules laid down in section 1 of Annex II to this Decision, provided that conditions specified in section 2 of Annex II to this Decision are complied with.\nThe United Kingdom may grant approvals derogating from the following implementing rules provided for in Annex I (Part-FCL) to Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011:\n(1) point (ii) of point FCL.740A(b)(1) \u2018Revalidation of class and type ratings \u2014 aeroplanes\u2019 of that Annex, in favour of the rules laid down in section 1 of Annex III to this Decision, provided that conditions specified in section 2 of Annex III to this Decision are complied with;\n(2) point (a) of FCL.1010.SFE \u2018SFE \u2014 Prerequisites\u2019 of that Annex, in favour of the rules laid down in section 1 of Annex IV to this Decision, provided that conditions specified in section 2 of Annex IV to this Decision are complied with.\nAll Member States shall be entitled to apply the measures referred to in Articles 1 and 2, as specified in the Annexes to this Decision. Member States shall notify the Commission, the Agency and the national aviation authorities thereof.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["safety standard", "civil aviation", "Slovakia", "crew", "air safety", "United Kingdom", "derogation from EU law", "transport authorisation"], "distractor groups": ["emergency medical treatment", "CAIS countries", "public opinion", "energy grid", "quaternary sector", "Community method", "atom"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/833/EU: Commission Decision of 12\u00a0December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents\n14.12.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 330/39\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 12 December 2011\non the reuse of Commission documents\n(2011/833/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 249 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Europe 2020 sets out a vision of Europe\u2019s social market economy for the 21st century. One of the priority themes in that context is \u2018Smart growth: developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation\u2019.\n(2) The new information and communication technologies have created unprecedented possibilities to aggregate and combine content from different sources.\n(3) Public sector information is an important source of potential growth of innovative online services through value-added products and services. Governments can stimulate content markets by making public sector information available on transparent, effective and non-discriminatory terms. For this reason, the Digital Agenda for Europe\u00a0(1) singled out the reuse of public sector information as one of the key areas for action.\n(4) The Commission and the other Institutions are themselves holders of many documents of all kinds which could be reused in added-value information products and services and which could provide a useful content resource for companies and citizens alike.\n(5) The right to access Commission documents is regulated through Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2001 regarding public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents\u00a0(2).\n(6) Directive 2003/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(3) sets minimum rules for the reuse of public sector information throughout the European Union. In its recitals it encourages Member States to go beyond these minimum rules and to adopt open data policies, allowing a broad use of documents held by public sector bodies.\n(7) The Commission has set an example to public administrations in making statistics, publications and the full corpus of Union law freely available online. This is a good basis to make further progress in ensuring the availability and reusability of data held by the institution.\n(8) Commission Decision 2006/291/EC, Euratom of 7 April 2006 on the reuse of Commission information\u00a0(4) determines the conditions for the reuse of Commission documents.\n(9) In order to make the reuse regime of Commission documents more effective, the rules on the reuse of Commission documents should be adapted with a view to achieving a broader reuse of such documents.\n(10) A data portal as a single point of access to documents available for reuse should be set up. In addition, it is appropriate to include in the documents available for reuse the research information produced by the Joint Research Centre. A provision should be adopted to take into account the move towards machine-readable formats. An important improvement with respect to Decision 2006/291/EC, Euratom consists in making Commission documents generally available for reuse without the need for individual applications, through open reuse licences or simple disclaimers.\n(11) Decision 2006/291/EC, Euratom should therefore be replaced by this Decision.\n(12) An open reuse policy at the Commission will support new economic activity, lead to a wider use and spread of Union information, enhance the image of openness and transparency of the Institutions, and avoid unnecessary administrative burden for users and Commission services. In 2012, the Commission envisages exploring with other Union institutions and key Agencies to what extent they could adopt their own rules on reuse.\n(13) This Decision should be implemented and applied in full compliance with the principles relating to the protection of personal data in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(5).\n(14) This Decision should not apply to documents for which the Commission is not in a position to allow reuse, e.g. in view of third party intellectual property rights or where the documents have been received from the other Institutions,\nSubject matter\nThis Decision determines the conditions for the reuse of documents held by the Commission or on its behalf by the Publications Office of the European Union (the Publications Office) with the aim of facilitating a wider reuse of information, enhancing the image of openness of the Commission, and avoiding unnecessary administrative burdens for reusers and the Commission services alike.\nScope\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision applies to public documents produced by the Commission or by public and private entities on its behalf:\n(a) which have been published by the Commission or by the Publications Office on its behalf through publications, websites or dissemination tools; or\n(b) which have not been published for economic or other practical reasons, such as studies, reports and other data.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision shall not apply:\n(a) to software or to documents covered by industrial property rights such as patents, trademarks, registered designs, logos and names;\n(b) to documents for which the Commission is not in a position to allow their reuse in view of intellectual property rights of third parties;\n(c) to documents which pursuant to the rules established in Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 are excluded from access or only made accessible to a party under specific rules governing privileged access;\n(d) to confidential data, as defined in Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(6);\n(e) to documents resulting from ongoing research projects conducted by the staff of the Commission which are not published or available in a published database, and whose reuse would interfere with the validation of provisional research results or where reuse would constitute a reason to refuse registration of industrial property rights in the Commission\u2019s favour.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision is without prejudice to and in no way affects Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nothing in this Decision authorises reuse of documents in a manner calculated to deceive or to defraud. The Commission shall take the appropriate measures to protect the interests and the public image of the EU in accordance to applicable rules.\nDefinitions\nFor the purposes of this Decision, the following definitions shall apply:\n(1) \u2018document\u2019 means:\n(a) any content whatever its medium (written on paper or stored in electronic form or as a sound, visual or audiovisual recording);\n(b) any part of such content;\n(2) \u2018reuse\u2019 means the use of documents by persons or legal entities of documents, for commercial or non-commercial purposes other than the initial purpose for which the documents were produced. The exchange of documents between the Commission and other public sector bodies which use these documents purely in the pursuit of their public tasks does not constitute reuse;\n(3) \u2018personal data\u2019 means data as defined in Article 2(a) of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001;\n(4) \u2018licence\u2019 means the granting of permission to reuse documents under specified conditions. \u2018Open licence\u2019 means a licence where reuse of documents is permitted for all specified uses in a unilateral declaration by the rightholder;\n(5) \u2018machine-readable\u2019 means that digital documents are sufficiently structured for software applications to identify reliably individual statements of fact and their internal structure;\n(6) \u2018structured data\u2019 is data organised in a way that allows reliable identification of individual statements of fact and all their components, as exemplified in databases and spreadsheets;\n(7) \u2018portal\u2019 refers to a single point of access to data from a variety of web sources. The sources generate both the data and the related metadata. The metadata needed for indexing are automatically harvested by the portal and integrated to the extent needed to support common functionalities such as search and linking. The portal may also cache data from the contributing sources in order to improve performance or provide additional functionalities.\nGeneral principle\nAll documents shall be available for reuse:\n(a) for commercial or non-commercial purposes under the conditions laid down in Article 6;\n(b) without charge, subject to the provisions laid down in Article 9; and\n(c) without the need to make an individual application, unless otherwise provided in Article 7.\nThis Decision shall be implemented in full respect of the rules on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data, and in particular Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.\nData portal\nThe Commission shall set up a data portal as a single point of access to its structured data so as to facilitate linking and reuse for commercial and non-commercial purposes.\nCommission services will identify and progressively make available suitable data in their possession. The data portal may provide access to data of other Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies at their request.\nConditions for reuse of documents\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Documents shall be made available for reuse without application unless otherwise specified and without restrictions or, where appropriate, an open licence or disclaimer setting out conditions explaining the rights of reusers.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Those conditions, which shall not unnecessarily restrict possibilities for reuse, may include the following:\n(a) the obligation for the reuser to acknowledge the source of the documents;\n(b) the obligation not to distort the original meaning or message of the documents;\n(c) the non-liability of the Commission for any consequence stemming from the reuse.\nWhere it is necessary to apply other conditions to a particular class of documents, the inter-service group referred to in Article 12 will be consulted.\nIndividual applications for reuse of documents\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where an individual application for reuse is necessary, the Commission services shall clearly indicate this in the relevant document or notice pointing to it and provide an address to which the application is to be submitted.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Individual applications for reuse shall be handled promptly by the relevant Commission service. An acknowledgement of receipt shall be submitted to the applicant. Within 15 working days from registration of the application, the Commission service or the Publications Office shall either allow reuse of the document requested and, where relevant, provide a copy of the document, or, in a written reply, indicate the total or partial refusal of the application, stating the reasons.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where an application for reuse of a document concerns a very long document, a very large number of documents or the application needs to be translated, the time limit provided for in paragraph 2 may be extended by 15 working days, provided that the applicant is notified in advance and that detailed reasons for the extension are given.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where an application for reuse of a document is refused, the Commission service or the Publications Office shall inform the applicant of the right to bring an action before the Court of Justice of the European Union or to lodge a complaint with the European Ombudsman, under the conditions laid down in Articles 263 and 228, respectively, of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where a refusal is based on point (b) of Article 2(2) of this Decision, the reply to the applicant shall include a reference to the natural or legal person who is the rightholder, where known, or alternatively to the licensor from which the Commission has obtained the relevant material, where known.\nFormats for documents available for reuse\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Documents shall be made available in any existing format or language version, in machine-readable format where possible and appropriate.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This shall not imply an obligation to create, adapt or update documents in order to comply with the application, nor to provide extracts from documents where it would involve disproportionate effort, going beyond a simple operation.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision does not create any obligation for the Commission to translate the requested documents into any other official language versions than those already available at the moment of the application.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission or the Publications Office may not be required to continue the production of certain types of documents or to preserve them in a given format with a view to the reuse of such documents by a natural or legal person.\nRules on charging\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The reuse of documents shall in principle be free of charge.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In exceptional cases, marginal costs incurred for the reproduction and dissemination of documents may be recovered.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where the Commission decides to adapt a document in order to satisfy a specific application, the costs involved in the adaptation may be recovered from the applicant. The assessment of the need to recover such costs shall take into account the effort necessary for the adaptation as well as the potential advantages the reuse may bring to the Union, for example in terms of spreading information on the functioning of the Union or in terms of enhancing the public image of the Institution.\n0\nTransparency\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any applicable conditions and standard charges for the documents available for reuse shall be pre-established and published, through electronic means where possible and appropriate.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The search for documents shall be facilitated by practical arrangements, such as asset-lists of main documents available for reuse.\n1\nNon-discrimination and exclusive rights\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any applicable conditions for the reuse of documents shall be non-discriminatory for comparable categories of reuse.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The reuse of documents shall be open to all potential actors in the market. No exclusive rights shall be granted.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0However, where an exclusive right is necessary for the provision of a service in the public interest, the validity of the reason for granting such an exclusive right shall be subject to regular review, and shall, in any event, be reviewed after 3 years. Any exclusive arrangement shall be transparent and made public.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Exclusive rights may be granted to publishers of scientific and scholarly journals for articles based on the work of Commission officials for a limited period.\n2\nInter-service group\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0An inter-service group shall be set up, chaired by the Director-General responsible for this Decision, or his representative. It shall be composed of representatives of the Directorates-General and Services. It shall discuss issues of common concern and draw up a report on the implementation of the Decision every 12 months.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A steering committee chaired by the Publications Office and comprising the Secretariat-General, the Directorate-General for Communication, the Directorate-General for Information Society and Media, the Directorate-General for Informatics and several Directorates-General representing the data providers will oversee the project leading to the implementation of the data portal. Other institutions may be invited to join the committee at a later stage.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The terms of the open licence referred to in Article 6 shall be settled in agreement by the Directors-General responsible for this Decision and for the administrative execution of decisions related to intellectual property rights at the Commission, after consultation of the inter-service group referred to in paragraph 1.\n3\nReview\nThis Decision shall be reviewed 3 years after its entry into force.\n4\nRepeal\nDecision 2006/291/EC, Euratom is repealed", "answer groups": ["official document", "information system", "dissemination of EU information", "access to EU information"], "distractor groups": ["Sk\u00e5ne county", "bipolarisation", "housing policy", "national accounts", "clandestine worker", "national day of mourning", "County of Istra", "East Africa", "light-duty vehicle", "customs tariff", "phosphorus"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "87/72/EEC: Commission Decision of 7 January 1987 on the setting-up of an Advisory Committee on Pigmeat\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 7 January 1987 on the special Rice Section of the Advisory Committee on Cereals (87/72/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nWhereas the special Rice Section of the Advisory Committee on Cereals was set up by Commission Decision 64/436/EEC (1), as last amended by Decision 83/77/EEC (2);\nWhereas, following the accession of new Member States to the Community, the number of seats on the Committee should be increased and they should be reallocated; whereas the procedure for the replacement of members should also be adjusted;\nWhereas the provisions concerning the special Rice Section of the Advisory Committee on Cereals have been amended several times and have therefore become difficult to apply; whereas they should therefore be consolidated;\nWhereas the Commission should seek the views of producers, traders and consumers on matters arising in connection with the operation of the common organization of the market in rice;\nWhereas all the occupations directly involved in the implementation of the market organization in question, and also consumers, must have an opportunity to participate in the drafting of the opinions requested by the Commission;\nWhereas the trade associations concerned and the consumer groups in the Member States have set up organizations at Community level which are in a position to represent those concerned in all the Member States,\n1. There shall be attached to the Commission a special Rice Section of the Advisory Committee on Cereals; hereinafter called the 'Section'.\n2. The Section shall be composed of representatives of the following interests: growers, cooperatives, the processing and food-manufacturing industries, traders in agricultural\n(3) OJ No 122, 29. 7. 1964, p. 2051/64.\n(4) OJ No L 51, 24. 2. 1983, p. 34.\nproduce and foodstuffs, agricultural workers and workers\nin the processing and food-manufacturing industries, consumers.\n1. The Section may be consulted by the Commission on any problem concerning the operation of Regulations on the common organization of the market in rice and in particular on measures to be adopted by the Commission under those Regulations.\n2. The chairman of the Section may indicate to the\nCommission the desirability of consulting the Section on any matter within the latter's competence on which its opinion has not been sought. He shall do so, in particular, at the request of one of the interests represented.\n1. The Section shall consist of 28 members.\n2. Seats shall be apportioned as follows:\n- 14 to rice growers and cooperatives of the sector,\n- three to representatives of the rice-milling industries,\n- one to a representative of the industries using rice and broken rice,\n- three to representatives of the wholesale rice trade,\n- four to representatives of agricultural workers and of workers in the food-manufacturing industry,\n- three to consumers' representatives.\n1. Members of the Section shall be appointed by\nthe Commission on proposals from the trade workers' organizations set up at Community level which are most representative of the interests specified in Article 1 (2) and whose activities come within the scope of the common organization of the market in rice; consumers' representatives shall be appointed on proposals from the Consumers' Advisory Committee.\nThose bodies shall for each seat to be filled put forward the names of two candidates of different nationality.\n2. The term of office for members of the Section shall be three years. Their appointments may be renewed. Members shall not be remunerated for their services.\nAfter expiry of the three years, members of the Section shall remain in office until they are replaced or until their appointments are renewed.\nIn the event to the resignation or decease of a member or a request from the body having proposed a member that he be replaced, he shall be replaced in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 1.\n3. A list of the members of the Section shall be published by the Commission, for information purposes, in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\n1. After consulting the Commission, the Section shall elect a chairman for a period of three years.\nThe chairman shall be elected, in the case of the first ballot, by a two-thirds majority of the members present and, in the case of subsequent ballots, by a simple majority of the members present. In the event of a tie, the Commission shall provide a chairman on a temporary basis.\n2. The Section shall elect two vice-chairmen for a period of three years.\nThe vice-chairmen may not represent the same interest as the chairman.\nThe election shall take place in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 1.\nThe Section may, in accordance with the same procedure, elect other officers. In that case, the officers other than the chairman shall include not more than one representative of each interest represented on the Section.\nThe officers shall prepare and organize the work of the Section.\n1. Only the Commission representatives, the members of the Sections, or persons replacing them in their absence, and persons invited in accordance with paragaph 3 and 4 may participate in or attend meetings.\n2. Should a member be unable to attend a meeting, the organization or organizations to which a seat is allocated may appoint a person to take his place. This person shall be selected from a list drawn up by mutual agreement between the Commission and the organization or organizations in question and containing a number of names equal to half the\ntotal numbers of members representing the organization or organizations in question. This number shall be not less than one and not more than 12.\nThe secretariat of the Section must be informed of such replacement of a member at least seven days before a meeting.\n3. At the request of an organization to which one or more seats are allocated, the chairman may, in agreement with the Commission staff, invite its general secretary or a member of its secretariat to attend the meetings of the Section as an observer.\nShould he be unable to attend, however, the general secretary may have his seat as an observer taken by another person designated by him.\nObservers shall not have the right to speak. They may, however, be invited to do so by the chairman in agreement with the Commission staff.\n4. At the request of an organization to which one or more seats are allocated, and when the matters on the agenda are of a highly technical nature outside the normal framework of the deliberations of the Section, the chairman may, in agreement with the Commission staff, invite one or more experts to take part in the deliberations of the Section.\nThe Commission may, on its own initiative, invite any person particularly well qualified in one of the subjects on the agenda to take part in the deliberations of the Section as an expert.\nHowever, experts shall participate only in the discussion of the matter concerning which they were invited to attend.\nIn agreement with the Commission staff, the Section may set up working groups to facilitate its work.\n1. The Sections shall be convened by the Commission and shall meet at Commission headquarters. Meetings of the officers shall be convened by the chairman by arrangement with the Commission.\n2. Representatives of the Commission departments concerned shall take part in meetings of the Section, its officers and working groups.\n3. Secretarial services for the Section, its officers and working groups shall be provided by the Commission.\nThe Section shall discuss matters on which the Commission has requested an opinion. No vote shall be taken.\nThe Commission may, when seeking the opinion of the Section, set a time limit within which such opinion shall be given.\nThe views expressed by the various interests represented shall be included in a report forwarded to the Commission.\nIn the event of unanimous agreement being reached in the Section on the opinion to be given, the Committee shall formulate joint conclusions and attach them to the report.\nThe outcome of the Section's discussions shall on request be communicated by the Commission to the Council and to the Management Committees.\n0\nWithout prejudice to the provisions of Article 214 of the Treaty, where the Commission informs them that the opinion requested or the question raised is on a matter of a confidential nature, members of the Section shall be under an obligation not to disclose information which has come to\ntheir knowledge through the work of the Section or of its working groups.\nIn such cases, only members of the Section and representatives of the Commission departments concerned may be present at meetings.\n1\nCommission Decision 64/436/EEC is hereby repealed.\n2\nThis Decision shall enter into force on 1 January 1987", "answer groups": ["rice", "operation of the Institutions", "cereals", "EU agriculture committee"], "distractor groups": ["Sofia District region", "human cloning", "land and buildings", "electronic game", "equipment cost", "eligibility criteria", "fishing regulations", "alcoholic beverage", "territorial dispute", "game of chance", "corporate social responsibility"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0527/2011 of 30\u00a0May 2011 concerning the authorisation of a preparation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49755), endo-1,3(4)-\u03b2-glucanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49754) and polygalacturonase produced by Aspergillus aculeatus (CBS 589.94) as feed additive for weaned piglets (holder of the authorisation Aveve NV) Text with EEA relevance\n31.5.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 143/6\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 527/2011\nof 30 May 2011\nconcerning the authorisation of a preparation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49755), endo-1,3(4)-\u03b2-glucanase produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49754) and polygalacturonase produced by Aspergillus aculeatus (CBS 589.94) as feed additive for weaned piglets (holder of the authorisation Aveve NV)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 provides for the authorisation of additives for use in animal nutrition and for the grounds and procedures for granting such authorisation.\n(2) In accordance with Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, an application was submitted for the authorisation of the preparation of endo-1,4-\u03b2-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49755), endo-1,3(4)-\u03b2-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6) produced by Trichoderma reesei (MUCL 49754) and polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15) produced by Aspergillus aculeatus (CBS 589.94), as set out in the Annex. That application was accompanied by the particulars and documents required under Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(3) The application concerns the authorisation of the preparation set out in the Annex as a feed additive for weaned piglets, to be classified in the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019.\n(4) The European Food Safety Authority (\u2018the Authority\u2019) concluded in its opinions of 8 July 2009\u00a0(2) and 2 February 2011\u00a0(3) that the preparation set out in the Annex, under the proposed conditions of use, does not have an adverse effect on animal health, consumer health or the environment, and that this additive has the potential to increase the body weight and feed to gain ratio in the target species. The Authority does not consider that there is a need for specific requirements of post-market monitoring. It also verified the report on the method of analysis of the feed additive in feed submitted by the Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives set up by Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003.\n(5) The assessment of the preparation set out in the Annex shows that the conditions for authorisation, as provided for in Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003, are satisfied. Accordingly, the use of this preparation should be authorised as specified in the Annex to this Regulation.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe preparation specified in the Annex, belonging to the additive category \u2018zootechnical additives\u2019 and to the functional group \u2018digestibility enhancers\u2019, is authorised as an additive in animal nutrition subject to the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food additive", "market approval", "fattening", "swine", "zootechnics"], "distractor groups": ["Crete", "pay cut", "concessionaire", "industrial project", "Bucharest \u2014 Ilfov", "European cooperative", "regional planning", "Western Pomerania province", "paternity leave", "export customs procedure"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Directive (EU) 2015/720 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 amending Directive 94/62/EC as regards reducing the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags (Text with EEA relevance)\n6.5.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 115/11\nDIRECTIVE (EU) 2015/720 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL\nof 29 April 2015\namending Directive 94/62/EC as regards reducing the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 114 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the European Commission,\nAfter transmission of the draft legislative act to the national Parliaments,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions\u00a0(2),\nActing in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure\u00a0(3),\nWhereas:\n(1) European Parliament and Council Directive 94/62/EC\u00a0(4) was adopted in order to prevent or reduce the impact of packaging and packaging waste on the environment. Although plastic carrier bags constitute packaging within the meaning of that Directive, it does not contain specific measures on the consumption of such bags.\n(2) The current consumption levels of plastic carrier bags result in high levels of littering and an inefficient use of resources, and are expected to increase if no action is taken. Littering of plastic carrier bags results in environmental pollution and aggravates the widespread problem of litter in water bodies, threatening aquatic eco-systems worldwide.\n(3) Furthermore, the accumulation of plastic carrier bags in the environment has a clearly negative impact on certain economic activities.\n(4) Plastic carrier bags with a wall thickness below 50 microns (\u2018lightweight plastic carrier bags\u2019), which represent the vast majority of the total number of plastic carrier bags consumed in the Union, are less frequently reused than thicker plastic carrier bags. Consequently, lightweight plastic carrier bags become waste more quickly and are more prone to littering due to their light weight.\n(5) Current recycling rates of lightweight plastic carrier bags are very low and, due to a number of practical and economic difficulties, are not likely to reach significant levels in the near future.\n(6) According to the waste hierarchy, prevention comes first. Plastic carrier bags serve several purposes and their consumption will continue in the future. To ensure that the needed plastic carrier bags will not end up as waste in the environment, adequate measures should be in place and consumers should be informed about proper waste treatment.\n(7) Consumption levels of plastic carrier bags vary considerably across the Union due to differences in consumption habits, environmental awareness and effectiveness of policy measures taken by Member States. Some Member States have managed to reduce consumption levels of plastic carrier bags significantly, with the average consumption level in the seven best performing Member States amounting to only 20 % of the Union average consumption.\n(8) The availability and accuracy of data on the current consumption levels of lightweight plastic carrier bags vary between Member States. Accurate and comparable data on consumption is key to assess the effectiveness of reduction measures and to ensure uniform conditions for implementation. Therefore, a common methodology for the calculation of annual consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags per person should be developed with a view to monitoring progress in reducing consumption of such bags.\n(9) Furthermore, consumer information has been shown to play a decisive role in achieving any goals regarding a reduction in the consumption of plastic carrier bags. Therefore, efforts at institutional level are necessary to increase awareness of the environmental impact of plastic carrier bags and end the current perception of plastic as a harmless and cheap commodity.\n(10) To promote sustained reductions of the average consumption level of lightweight plastic carrier bags, Member States should take measures to significantly reduce the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags in line with the overall objectives of the Union's waste policy and the waste hierarchy as provided for in Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(5). Such reduction measures should take account of current consumption levels of plastic carrier bags in individual Member States, with higher levels requiring more ambitious efforts, and take account of reductions already achieved. To monitor progress in reducing the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags, it is necessary that national authorities provide data on their consumption in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 94/62/EC.\n(11) Measures to be taken by Member States may involve the use of economic instruments such as pricing, taxes and levies, which have proved particularly effective in reducing the consumption of plastic carrier bags, and marketing restrictions such as bans in derogation of Article 18 of Directive 94/62/EC provided that these restrictions are proportionate and non-discriminatory.\n(12) Those measures may vary depending on the environmental impact of lightweight plastic carrier bags when they are recovered or disposed of, their recycling and composting properties, their durability or the specific intended use of those bags, and taking into account any possible adverse substitution effects.\n(13) Member States may choose to exempt plastic carrier bags with a wall thickness below 15 microns (\u2018very lightweight plastic carrier bags\u2019) provided as primary packaging for loose food when required for hygiene purposes or when their use helps prevent food wastage.\n(14) Member States may freely use revenues generated by measures that are taken under Directive 94/62/EC to achieve a sustained reduction in the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags.\n(15) Awareness programmes for consumers in general and educational programmes for children can play an important role in reducing the consumption of plastic carrier bags.\n(16) European Standard EN 13432 on \u2018Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation \u2014 Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging\u2019 sets out the characteristics that a material must possess to be considered \u2018compostable\u2019, namely that it can be recycled through a process of organic recovery comprised of composting and anaerobic digestion. The Commission should ask the European Committee for Standardization to develop a separate standard for home-compostable packaging.\n(17) It is important to ensure Union-wide recognition of labels or marks for biodegradable and compostable plastic carrier bags.\n(18) Some plastic carrier bags are marked as \u2018oxo-biodegradable\u2019 or \u2018oxo-degradable\u2019 by their manufacturers. In such bags, additives are incorporated into conventional plastics. Due to the presence of those additives, the plastic fragments over time into small particles which remain in the environment. It can thus be misleading to refer to such bags as \u2018biodegradable\u2019 as they may not be a solution to littering and may, on the contrary, increase pollution. The Commission should examine the impact of the use of oxo-degradable plastic carrier bags on the environment and present a report to the European Parliament and the Council, including, if appropriate, a set of measures to limit their consumption or to reduce any harmful impacts.\n(19) Measures to be taken by Member States to reduce the consumption of plastic carrier bags should lead to a sustained reduction in the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags, and should not lead to an overall increase in the generation of packaging.\n(20) The measures provided for by this Directive are consistent with the Commission Communication on the Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe and they should contribute to actions against marine littering, undertaken in accordance with Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(6).\n(21) Directive 94/62/EC should therefore be amended accordingly,\nDirective 94/62/EC is amended as follows:\n(1) In Article 3, the following points are inserted:\n\u20181a. \u201cplastic\u201d shall mean a polymer within the meaning of Article 3(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(*), to which additives or other substances may have been added, and which is capable of functioning as a main structural component of carrier bags;\n1b. \u201cplastic carrier bags\u201d shall mean carrier bags, with or without handle, made of plastic, which are supplied to consumers at the point of sale of goods or products;\n1c. \u201clightweight plastic carrier bags\u201d shall mean plastic carrier bags with a wall thickness below 50 microns;\n1d. \u201cvery lightweight plastic carrier bags\u201d shall mean plastic carrier bags with a wall thickness below 15 microns which are required for hygiene purposes or provided as primary packaging for loose food when this helps to prevent food wastage;\n1e. \u201coxo-degradable plastic carrier bags\u201d shall mean plastic carrier bags made of plastic materials that include additives which catalyse the fragmentation of the plastic material into micro-fragments;\n(2) In Article 4, the following paragraphs are inserted:\n(a) the adoption of measures ensuring that the annual consumption level does not exceed 90 lightweight plastic carrier bags per person by 31 December 2019 and 40 lightweight plastic carrier bags per person by 31\u00a0December 2025, or equivalent targets set in weight. Very lightweight plastic carrier bags may be excluded from national consumption objectives;\n(b) the adoption of instruments ensuring that, by 31 December 2018, lightweight plastic carrier bags are not provided free of charge at the point of sale of goods or products, unless equally effective instruments are implemented. Very lightweight plastic carrier bags may be excluded from those measures.\n(3) The following Article is inserted:\n(4) The following Article is inserted:\n(5) In Article 22(3a), the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 27 November 2016. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.\nWhen Member States adopt those measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main measures of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["waste recycling", "prevention of pollution", "plastics", "packaging"], "distractor groups": ["conversion rate", "unfair dismissal", "public hearing", "military personnel", "standard of living", "geographical mobility", "fact-finding mission", "Nordjylland (region)", "anti-crisis plan", "engine", "personality"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0467/2008 of 28\u00a0May 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a02535/2001 laying down detailed rules for applying Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01255/1999 as regards the import arrangements for milk and milk products and opening tariff quotas\n29.5.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 139/12\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 467/2008\nof 28 May 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 laying down detailed rules for applying Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 as regards the import arrangements for milk and milk products and opening tariff quotas\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in milk and milk products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 26(3) and Article 29(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 55/2008 of 21 January 2008 introducing autonomous trade preferences for the Republic of Moldova and amending Regulation (EC) No 980/2005 and Commission Decision 2005/924/EC\u00a0(2) provides for a tariff quota for dairy products. That tariff quota should be managed in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001\u00a0(3).\n(2) Article 26 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 of 20 December 2007 applying the arrangements for products originating in certain States which are part of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of States provided for in agreements establishing, or leading to the establishment of, Economic Partnership Agreements\u00a0(4) has repealed Council Regulation (EC) No 2286/2002 of 10 December 2002 on the arrangements applicable to agricultural products and goods resulting from the processing of agricultural products originating in the African, Caribbean and Pacific States (ACP States) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1706/98\u00a0(5). Relevant adaptations should be made in Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001.\n(3) The Agreement on Trade, Development and Cooperation between the European Community and its Member States (TDCA), of the one part, and the Republic of South Africa, of the other part, approved by Council Decision 2004/441/EC\u00a0(6) entered into force on 1 May 2004. That Agreement provides for cheese quotas to be opened by both parties on a yearly base. In the context of negotiations on accelerated trade liberalisation of cheeses between the European Community and South Africa, it has been convened that the cheese quotas by both parties should be managed on a \u2018first come, first served\u2019 basis, in accordance with Articles 308a to 308c(1) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(7).\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Milk and Milk Products,\nRegulation (EC) No 2535/2001 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 5 is amended as follows:\n(a) points (c) and (e) are deleted;\n(b) the following point (j) is added:\n\u2018(j) the quota No 09.4210 provided for in Annex I to Council Regulation (EC) No 55/2008\u00a0(8).\n2. Paragraph 2 of Article 13 is replaced by the following:\n3. Article 19 is amended as follows:\n(a) points (b) and (d) are deleted;\n(b) the following point (i) is added:\n\u2018(i) the provisions referred to in Article 2(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No\u00a055/2008.\u2019\n4. Article 19a is amended as follows:\n(a) Paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n(a) Council Regulation (EC) No 312/2003\u00a0(9);\n(b) Council Regulation (EC) No 747/2001\u00a0(10);\n(c) Annex IV, List 4 to the Agreement on Trade, Development and Cooperation with South Africa\u00a0(11).\n(b) Paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n(a) Annex III to the Agreement with Chile;\n(b) Protocol 4 to the Agreement with Israel;\n(c) Protocol 1 to the Agreement with South Africa\u00a0(12).\n5. In Article 20(1), point (a) is deleted.\n6. In Article 22, point (a) is deleted.\n7. Annex I is amended as follows:\n(a) Parts I.C and I.E are deleted;\n(b) the text in Annex I to this Regulation is added as Part I.J.\n8. In Annex II, Part A is deleted.\n9. In Annex VIIa, a Part 3, the text of which is set out in Annex II to this Regulation, is added.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 June 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "milk product", "CCT duties", "third country", "import licence", "import policy"], "distractor groups": ["election financing", "Andean Community", "testing", "fishery research", "social dialogue", "production cost", "coding", "asymmetric warfare", "freedom of the press"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0220/2014 of 7\u00a0March 2014 amending Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0479/2009 as regards references to the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union\n8.3.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 69/101\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 220/2014\nof 7 March 2014\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009 as regards references to the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009 of 25 May 2009 on the application of the Protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 17 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The definitions of \u2018government\u2019, \u2018deficit\u2019 and \u2018investment\u2019 are laid down in the Protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaties and in Regulation (EC) No 479/2009, by reference to the European system of national and regional accounts in the Community (hereinafter referred to as \u2018ESA 95\u2019) established by Council Regulation (EC) No 2223/96 of 25 June 1996 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the Community\u00a0(2).\n(2) Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union (hereinafter referred to as \u2018ESA 2010\u2019)\u00a0(3) contains the reference framework of common standards, definitions, classifications and accounting rules for drawing up the accounts of the Member States for the statistical requirements of the Union, in order to obtain comparable results between Member States.\n(3) ESA 2010 constitutes a revision of ESA 95, and therefore requires the introduction of new references in Regulation (EC) No 479/2009.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 479/2009 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) In order to avoid confusion concerning the application of the new references to ESA 2010, the measures provided for in this Regulation should apply with effect from 1 September 2014,\nRegulation (EC) No 479/2009 is amended as follows:\n1. All references to \u2018ESA 95\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018ESA 2010\u2019.\n2. Article 1 (1) shall be replaced by the following:\n3. Article 1(3) is amended as follows:\n(a) the code \u2018EDP B.9\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018B.9\u2019;\n(b) the code \u2018EDP D.41\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018D.41\u2019\n4. The second subparagraph of Article 1(5) shall be replaced by the following:\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall apply from 1 September 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["standardised accounting system", "Protocol (EU)", "national accounts", "European accounting system", "budget deficit"], "distractor groups": ["non-durable goods", "paraffin", "Montana region", "Sudan", "programmed learning", "Spodnjeposavska", "communications systems", "rural settlement", "fishing industry", "coordination of financing"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01821/2004 of 20 October 2004 on the issue of import licences for certain preserved mushrooms imported under the autonomous tariff quota opened by Regulation (EC) No\u00a01749/2004\n21.10.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 320/15\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1821/2004\nof 20 October 2004\non the issue of import licences for certain preserved mushrooms imported under the autonomous tariff quota opened by Regulation (EC) No 1749/2004\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1749/2004 of 7 October 2004 opening and providing for the administration of an autonomous tariff quota for preserved mushrooms\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Import licences applied for by traditional importers pursuant to Article 4(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1749/2004 and submitted to the Commission on 19 October 2004 shall be issued for 9,33\u00a0% of the quantity applied for.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Import licences applied for by new importers pursuant to Article 4(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1749/2004 and submitted to the Commission on 19 October 2004 shall be issued for 7,69\u00a0% of the quantity applied for.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 21 October 2004.\nIt shall apply until 31 December 2004.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import licence", "preserved product", "mushroom-growing", "tariff quota"], "distractor groups": ["family migration", "pay scale", "soya bean", "admission to examinations", "public financing", "detention before trial", "European Investment Fund", "fruit vegetable", "Moldova", "multi-level governance", "sociocultural group"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01995/2005 of 7 December 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01864/2004 opening and providing for the administration of tariff quotas for preserved mushrooms imported from third countries\n8.12.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 320/34\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1995/2005\nof 7 December 2005\namending Regulation (EC) No 1864/2004 opening and providing for the administration of tariff quotas for preserved mushrooms imported from third countries\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2201/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organization of the markets in processed fruit and vegetable products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 15(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1864/2004\u00a0(2) provides for two periods of application for import licences per year.\n(2) In the interest of reducing the administrative burden on the competent authorities of the Member States and the importers, only one application per year should be provided for. In order to ensure the continuity of imports throughout the year, the licences should be valid from their effective date of issue until 31 December of the year concerned.\n(3) In the interest of better management, some order numbers of the tariff quotas opened by Regulation (EC) No 1864/2004 should be changed. For the sake of clarity, all of them should be listed in Annex I to that Regulation.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 1864/2004 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Products Processed from Fruit and Vegetables,\nRegulation (EC) No 1864/2004 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n2. in Article 5, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n3. in Article 6, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n4. Article 7 is replaced by the following:\n5. In Article 8, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n6. in Article 9, the first paragraph is replaced by the following:\n7. In Article 10(2), the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:\n8. In Article 16, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n9. Annex I is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "preserved product", "import", "third country", "CCT duties", "import licence", "mushroom-growing"], "distractor groups": ["invalidity of an election", "national minority", "inter-parliamentary cooperation", "social-security harmonisation", "Botswana", "elderly person", "cultivation under plastic", "developing countries"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/519/EC: Council Decision of 16 July 2007 amending Part 2 of the Schengen consultation network (technical specifications)\n24.7.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 192/26\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 16 July 2007\namending Part 2 of the Schengen consultation network (technical specifications)\n(2007/519/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 789/2001 of 24\u00a0April 2001 reserving to the Council implementing powers with regard to certain detailed provisions and practical procedures for examining visa applications\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany,\nWhereas:\n(1) The present arrangements for the consultation procedure do not provide scope for due allowance to be made for the special legal position of members of Union citizens\u2019 families.\n(2) In accordance with Article 30 of Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2) on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, Member States are in principle required to give reasons when rejecting visa applications from people coming within the scope of that Directive.\n(3) If due allowance is to be made for that privileged position, with appropriate reasons being given in the event of rejection, the authorities consulted also need to be aware of the privileged position.\n(4) It is for the consulting authority to establish that such a privileged position exists and give notice of it to the authority consulted. For this purpose, a new optional data field should be inserted in the request forms (form A, form C and form F).\n(5) In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of the Protocol on the position of Denmark, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark is not taking part in the adoption of this Decision and is not bound by it or subject to its application. As this Decision builds upon the Schengen acquis under the provisions of Title IV of Part Three of the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark is to decide, in accordance with Article 5 of that Protocol, within a period of six months after the Council has adopted this Decision, whether it will implement the Decision in its national law.\n(6) As regards Iceland and Norway, this Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis, within the meaning of the Agreement concluded by the Council of the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway concerning the association of those two States with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis\n\u00a0(3), which fall within the area referred to in Article 1(A) of Council Decision 1999/437/EC\u00a0(4) on certain arrangements for the application of that Agreement.\n(7) As regards Switzerland, this Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis, within the meaning of the Agreement signed between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the Swiss Confederation\u2019s association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis, which fall within the area referred to in Article 1(A) of Council Decision 1999/437/EC in conjunction with Article 4(1) of Council Decision 2004/849/EC\u00a0(5) and Council Decision 2004/860/EC\u00a0(6) on the signing, on behalf of the European Union and the European Community respectively, and on the provisional application of certain provisions of that Agreement.\n(8) This Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which the United Kingdom does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2000/365/EC of 29 May 2000 concerning the request of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis\n\u00a0(7). The United Kingdom is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.\n(9) This Decision constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which Ireland does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2002/192/EC of 28 February 2002 concerning Ireland\u2019s request to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis\n\u00a0(8). Ireland is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.\n(10) This Decision constitutes an act building upon the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it, within the meaning of Article 3(2) of the 2003 Act of Accession.\n(11) This Decision constitutes an act building upon the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it, within the meaning of Article 4(2) of the 2005 Act of Accession,\nPart 2 of the Schengen consultation network (technical specifications) is hereby amended as follows:\n1. in the tables in respectively sections 2.1.4, 2.1.6 and 2.1.7 after No 32 the following number shall be added:\nNo Heading M/O\u00a0(9) Format Examples/Comments\n\u2018033 Privileged member of a Union citizen\u2019s family O\u00a0(*3) code (1) 1 (see 2.2.6)\n(*3): Each Member State specifies a central clearing point which is permanently accessible by e-mail. The central clearing point communicates the reasons for the refusal by secure means of communication \u2013 depending on the content \u2013 to the central clearing point of the requesting Member State where the visa application is pending.\u2019;\n2. in the explanations following the table in section 2.1.4 the following shall be added:\n3. after section 2.2.5 the following section shall be inserted:\n\u20182.2.6. Privileged member of a Union citizen\u2019s family (Heading 33)\n0. not a privileged member of a Union citizen\u2019s family\n1. privileged member of a Union citizen\u2019s family.\nThis Decision shall apply from 1 January 2008.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States, in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European Community", "answer groups": ["foreign national", "visa policy", "free movement of persons", "Schengen Information System", "European citizenship", "residence permit"], "distractor groups": ["Calarasi", "interest group", "Leinster", "mutual assistance among farmers", "large holding", "family policy", "per capita distribution", "budget", "hydraulic machinery"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01915/2005 of 24 November 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01982/2004 with regard to the simplification of the recording of the quantity and specifications on particular movements of goods\n25.11.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 307/8\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1915/2005\nof 24 November 2005\namending Regulation (EC) No 1982/2004 with regard to the simplification of the recording of the quantity and specifications on particular movements of goods\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 638/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on Community statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 3330/91\u00a0(1) and in particular Articles 3(4) and (5), 9, 10 and 12 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1982/2004 of 18 November 2004 implementing Regulation (EC) No 638/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States and repealing Commission Regulations (EC) No 1901/2000 and (EEC) No 3590/92\u00a0(2) determines provisions for some data elements and specific goods. These provisions should be adapted in order to facilitate data collection and to become more accurate on some particular trade transactions.\n(2) With a view to reducing the reporting burden for parties responsible for providing the information, Member States should have the possibility to exempt companies from providing information on the quantity in net mass for all the goods for which supplementary units have to be mentioned at the same time.\n(3) In order to meet national data requirements Member States should be given more flexibility on the collection of codes of the Nature of Transaction as long as information transmitted to the Commission is not affected.\n(4) With a view to harmonising Community statistics relating to the trading of vessels and aircraft between Member States, data transmission on trade with vessels and aircraft should be limited to transactions registered in the national ships or aircraft register and involving companies established in the reporting Member State.\n(5) Additional provisions on data sources should be specified in order to enable national authorities to collect more precise information on arrival and dispatches as regards trade with vessels and aircraft, sea products, electricity and natural gas.\n(6) Clarification is also needed regarding replacement parts which are used for repair.\n(7) Regulation (EC) No 1982/2004 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States,\nRegulation (EC) No 1982/2004 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 9 is replaced by the following:\n2. In Article 10, the following sentence is added:\n3. Article 17 is amended as follows:\n(a) In paragraph 2, points (a) and (b) are replaced by following:\n\u2018(a) the transfer of ownership of a vessel or aircraft, from a natural or legal person established in another Member State to a natural or legal person established in the reporting Member State and registered in the national ships or aircraft register. This transaction shall be treated as an arrival;\n(b) the transfer of ownership of a vessel or aircraft from a natural or legal person established in the reporting Member State and registered in the national ships or aircraft register to a natural or legal person established in another Member State. This transaction shall be treated as a dispatch.\n(b) Paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n4. In Article 21 paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n5. In Article 22 paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:\n6. Article 23 is amended as follows:\n(a) The title is replaced by the following:\n(b) Paragraphs 1 and 2 are replaced by the following:\n7. In Annex I, point (h) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(h) Goods for and after repair and the incorporated replacement parts. A repair entails the restoration of goods to their original function or condition. The objective of the operation is simply to maintain the goods in working order; this may involve some rebuilding or enhancements but does not change the nature of the goods in any way.\u2019\n8. Annex II is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall apply from 1 January 2006.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["vessel", "natural gas", "export (EU)", "import (EU)", "intra-EU trade", "disclosure of information", "data collection", "aircraft", "electrical energy", "EU statistics"], "distractor groups": ["measuring equipment", "Leinster", "sacred text", "soil analysis", "merchant fleet"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1106/2004 of 11 June 2004 derogating, for the marketing year 2004/05, from Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999 as regards the use of land set aside in certain Member States\n12.6.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 211/12\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1106/2004\nof 11 June 2004\nderogating, for the marketing year 2004/05, from Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999 as regards the use of land set aside in certain Member States\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1251/1999 of 17 May 1999 establishing a support system for producers of certain arable crops\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999 of 22 October 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1251/1999 establishing a support system for producers of certain arable crops\u00a0(2) sets the terms on which area payments are granted for certain arable crops. Under Article 19(2) and (3) of Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999 areas set aside must remain so for a period commencing on 15 January at the latest and ending on 31 August at the earliest and, except as otherwise provided for, may not be used for agricultural production or a lucrative purpose.\n(2) In 2003, certain regions of the Community have experienced extreme drought that has seriously affected fodder supplies, entailing extreme low farm stocks of fodder at the end of the winter 2003.\n(3) A derogation from Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999 whereby the Member States affected may allow arable crop set-aside land to be used for animal feed purposes could reduce supply risks for the next campaign. However, any lucrative utilisation of such land should be effectively disallowed.\n(4) Moreover, due to the drought, a higher forest stand than usually has been affected by bark beetle and therefore more storage capacity for the chopped down wood is temporarily necessary. The use of land set aside under the arable crop scheme for the marketing year 2004/05 could alleviate the situation by permitting the temporary storage of the timber concerned. A derogation should therefore be made from Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999. Measures should, however, be adopted to ensure that the land is made available on a non-lucrative basis.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article 19(2) and (3) of Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999, Member States may allow land declared as set aside for the 2004/2005 marketing year to be used for animal feed purposes in line with terms and criteria set by them.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Member States concerned shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the set-aside land referred to in paragraph 1 is not used for lucrative purposes, and in particular that no dried fodder production aid under Council Regulation (EC) No 603/95\u00a0(3) is granted on crops from it.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article 19(2) and (3) of Regulation (EC) No 2316/1999, land declared as set aside for the 2004/05 marketing year may be used to store trees in regions defined by the Member States to be affected by bark beetle.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Member States concerned shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the set-aside land used for storage is made available on a non-lucrative basis.\nThe Member States concerned shall notify to the Commission the measures they adopt under this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 15 May 2004.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["wood product", "set-aside", "storage", "animal nutrition", "derogation from EU law"], "distractor groups": ["trade credit", "Prahova", "coppiced woodland", "tariff reduction", "military sanctions", "Egypt", "interactive network", "temperate zone", "natural child", "surplus stock"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2010/62/EU of 8\u00a0September 2010 amending, for the purpose of adapting their technical provisions, Council Directives\u00a080/720/EEC and 86/297/EEC and Directives 2003/37/EC, 2009/60/EC and\u00a02009/144/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to the type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors Text with EEA relevance\n9.9.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 238/7\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2010/62/EU\nof 8 September 2010\namending, for the purpose of adapting their technical provisions, Council Directives\u00a080/720/EEC and 86/297/EEC and Directives 2003/37/EC, 2009/60/EC and\u00a02009/144/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to the type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26\u00a0May 2003 on type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular points (a) and (b) of Article 19(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Technical progress allows for complete whole vehicle type-approval for tractors of category T4.3 (low-clearance tractors), as defined in Directive 2003/37/EC. Therefore, Council Directive 80/720/EEC of 24 June 1980 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the operating space, access to the driving position and the doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors\u00a0(2), Directive\u00a02003/37/EC, Directive 2009/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the maximum design speed of and load platforms for wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors\u00a0(3) and Directive 2009/144/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors\u00a0(4) should be amended to take account of the specificities of low-clearance tractors.\n(2) In order to progress in the completion of the internal market and to achieve higher levels of occupational safety, requirements for front power take-offs for all tractor categories covered by Directive 2003/37/EC should be included in Council Directive\u00a086/297/EEC of 26 May 1986 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the power take-offs of wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors and their protection\u00a0(5).\n(3) The required clearance zones and dimensions of the power take-off protective guard established in Directive 86/297/EEC should be amended in order to achieve worldwide harmonisation of such zones and dimensions so as to facilitate the global competitiveness of Union manufacturers.\n(4) ISO 500-1:2004 together with the Technical Corrigendum 1:2005, ISO 500-2:2004, and ISO 8759-1:1998 contain globally recognised requirements for power take-offs of all tractors covered by Directive 2003/37/EC. It is therefore appropriate to make reference to those ISO standards in Directive 86/297/EEC.\n(5) Directive 2003/37/EC should be amended in order to reflect the application of Directive 86/297/EEC to tractors of category T5. Equally, Directive 2003/37/EC should be amended to reflect the application of Directive 2009/60/EC and Directive\u00a080/720/EEC to tractors of category T4.3.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established in Article 20(1) of Directive 2003/37/EC,\nDirective 80/720/EEC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n2. Annex I is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Directive.\nDirective 86/297/EEC is amended as follows:\n1. The title is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n3. Annexes I and II are replaced by the text set out in Annex II to this Directive.\nAnnex II to Directive 2003/37/EC is amended in accordance with Annex III to this Directive.\nDirective 2009/60/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n2. Annex I is amended in accordance with Annex IV to this Directive.\nDirective 2009/144/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n2. Annex II is amended in accordance with Annex V to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For tractor categories T1, T2 and T3 as defined in Annex II to Directive 2003/37/EC, Member States shall apply the provisions referred to in Article 7(1) of this Directive to new types of vehicles from 29 September 2011 and to new vehicles from 29 September 2012.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For tractors of category T4.3 as defined in Annex II to Directive 2003/37/EC, Member States shall apply the provisions referred to in Article 7(1) of this Directive to new types of vehicles from 29 September 2013 and to new vehicles from 29 September 2016.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For vehicle categories T4.1, T4.2, T5, C, R and S as defined in Annex II to Directive\u00a02003/37/EC, Member States shall apply the provisions referred to in Article 7(1) of this Directive to new types of vehicles and to new vehicles from the dates laid down in Article 23(2) of Directive 2003/37/EC.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 29 September 2011 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["tractor", "approval", "vehicle parts", "agricultural vehicle", "technical specification", "safety standard"], "distractor groups": ["chain store", "shipping policy", "International Bank for Reconstruction and Development", "minimum pay", "video communications", "judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the EU", "Kaliningrad question", "school medicine", "marginalisation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "84/131/EEC: Commission Decision of 5 March 1984 accepting an undertaking in connection with the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn originating in Turkey and terminating that proceeding\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 5 March 1984\naccepting an undertaking in connection with the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn originating in Turkey and terminating that proceeding\n(84/131/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79 of 20 December 1979 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1580/82 (2), and in particular Article 10 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) In November 1982 the Commission received a complaint lodged by the Committee of the Wool Textile Industry in the EEC (Interlaine) on behalf of 84 EEC producers representing almost the entire Community industry. The complaint contained evidence of dumping and resultant material injury, which was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding. The Commission therefore announced, in a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (3), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn falling within subheadings 56.05 ex A and 56.06 ex A of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE codes ex 56.05-21, 23, 25, 28, 32, 34 and 36 and ex 56.06-11 and 15, originating in Turkey, and commenced an investigation.\n(2) The Commission officially so notified the exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting country and the complainants, and gave the parties directly involved the opportunity of presenting their views in writing and of requesting a hearing.\n(3) The producers also lodged the complaint, the known exporters and some importers presented their views in writing. In particular, one of the exporters and the major importers, represented by their association, requested and obtained a hearing.\n(4) One of the exporters asked for a meeting with the other directly affected parties in order to present counter-arguments. The Commission was prepared to create the opportunity for such a meeting. However, the exporter concerned, in the end, declined to make use of this opportunity under the conditions set by the other party.\n(5) The Commission has collected all the information it considered necessary for the purposes of arriving at a preliminary finding, checked this information, and pursued enquiries on the spot with the following firms:\nEEC producers:\n- Filature de l'Espierres SA, Belgium,\n- Kammgarnspinnerei Wilhelmshaven AG, Federal Republic of Germany,\n- Schoeller Eitorf AG, Federal Republic of Germany,\n- Ets. Caullier & Delaoutre, France,\n- Ets. Carlos Lecoutre & Fils, France,\n- Hayfield Textiles Ltd, United Kingdom,\n- Sirdar Ltd, United Kingdom,\n- NV Koninklijke D. S. van Schuppens en Zn, Netherlands,\n- Leidsche Wolspinnerij NV, Netherlands.\nExporters and producers in third countries:\n- AK-PA Tekstil Ihracat Pazarlama AS,\nas exporting company for:\n- AK-SU Iplik Dokuma ve Boya Apre Fabrikalari TAS,\n- AK-AL Tekstil Sanayii AS,\n- Emboey-Yuentas , Birles , ik Kamgarn ve Straygarn Iplik Imalciligi AS,\n- OMPA Tekstil Pazarlama ve Ihracat AS,\nas exporting company for:\nORMO Yuen Iplik Sanayii ve Ticaret AS,\nall of Istanbul, Turkey.\nImporters or agents in the EEC:\n- Rump & Sohn GmbH & Co., Federal Republic of Germany,\n- W. Harbeck, Federal Republic of Germany,\n- J. Newton Burton Ltd, United Kingdom.\n(6) The Commission asked for and received detailed written information from complainant producers in the Community, the known exporters and some importers, and checked this information to the extent considered necessary.\nThe dumping investigation covered the period January to December 1982.\nB. Normal value\nSales in normal trading on the domestic market\n(7) Normal value was provisionally established on the basis of the weighted average of the domestic prices charged by producers exporting to the Community.\nC. Export price\n(8) Export prices were, with one exception, determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for goods sold for export to the Community.\n(9) One exporter invoiced his deliveries to the Community via an intermediate firm in a third country. The export prices stated on that firm's invoices could not be regarded as those obtained in normal trading. The Commission therefore, in calculating the export prices for that exporter, took as a basis the prices at which the imported produce was resold for the first time to an independent buyer in the Community. These prices were then adjusted to take account of all costs arising between importation and resale.\nD. Comparison\n(10) In comparing the normal value with the export prices, the Commission took appropriate account of the differences influencing the comparability of the prices, in so far as these could be adequately substantiated. Those differences concerned in particular the exemption from entry duties and domestic turnover tax on the raw materials used for manufacturing the exported hand-knitting yarns, and certain cost savings in producing large batches for export.\nIn addition, adjustments were also proposed for differences in yarn count, terms of payment, and provision for doubtful debts. However, the evidence submitted was not sufficient to prove unequivocally the actual influence of these differences on prices in direct connection with the sales in question and the Commission therefore made no adjustments for these factors. All comparisons were made at the ex-works stage.\nE. Dumping margins\n(11) The above preliminary investigation into the matter showed that AK-PA Tekstil Ihracat Pazarlama AS, as exporter for:\n- AK-SU Iplik Dokuma ve Boya Apre Fabrikalari TAS,\n- AK-AL Tekstil Sanayii AS,\n- Emboey-Yuentas , Birles , ik Kamgarn ve Straygarn Iplik Imalciligi AS,\nall of Istanbul, Turkey, was dumping the goods concerned, and that the dumping margin corresponded to the amount by which the price on exportation to the Community was below the established normal value. For the exporters in question, there was a weighted average dumping margin of 17,8 % for the products referred to.\nIn the case of Haskoey Yuen Iplik Fabrikasi AS, Istanbul, Turkey, a weighted average dumping margin of 0,9 % was recorded, while for the other exporters concerned, namely:\n- OMPA Tekstil Pazarlama ve Ihracat AS,\nas exporter for:\nORMO Yuen Iplik Sanayii ve Ticaret AS\nand\n- EDPA Tekstil Pazarlama Ticaret ve Sanayii AS,\nas exporter for:\nSa \u00c2\u0141 gmal Iplik ve Documa Sanayii,\nall of Istanbul, Turkey, there was no dumping. F. Injury\n(12) With regard to the injury caused by the imports in question, the evidence available to the Commission shows that imports from Turkey to the Community of the products referred to rose rapidly from 334 000 kilograms in 1980 and 201 000 kilograms in 1981 to 1 184 000 kilograms in 1982, and that their market share in the Federal Republic of Germany, the market most affected, rose over the same period from 0,3 to 6,1 %. This was aggravated by the fact that the market for synthetic hand-knitting yarns in the Community comprises a broad range of branded and unbranded yarns of widely varying prices, and that the penetration of Turkish yarns was almost exclusively in the particularly price-sensitive sector of unbranded standard yarns. In this market sector, the Turkish share of the German market in 1982 was estimated to have increased from almost zero to more than 20 %, and this is attributable entirely to the dumped imports from AK-PA Tekstil Ihracat Pazarlama AS, which were concentrated in this market - also an important sales area for other Community producers.\n(13) Measured against the cheap unbranded yarns, the resale prices of the Turkish imports in the period under review were up to 15 % below the prices of Community producers, and were below the price level that would have been necessary for the Community producers to cover their costs and make a reasonable profit.\n(14) The impact on the affected branch of the Community industry, particularly on those firms producing a large share of unbranded standard goods, was reflected above all in declining production and sales, loss of market share and a clear drop in prices, combined with considerable shrinking of net profits or increasing losses.\n(15) The Commission went into the question of whether injury had been caused by other factors such as, for example, quantities and prices of non-dumped imports or changes in demand. It was found that imports from all countries from 1980 to 1982 fluctuated between 2 344 000 and 2 644 000 kilograms, and that their share of the market during this period increased only slightly, from 6,2 to 6,8 %, while the average value of imports from most other supplier countries with significant quantities was markedly higher than that of Turkish imports. Consumption of synthetic hand-knitting yarns in the Community from 1981 to 1982 dropped by 2,6 %, while in this period when there was a massive increase in Turkish imports, production declined by 8,1 %.\n(16) All these factors, in particular the abrupt rise in imports and the price-undercutting which is felt particularly acutely at a time when this branch of Community industry has to contend with considerable difficulties, led the Commission to the conclusion that dumped imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn originating in Turkey could in themselves be regarded as having the effect of causing material injury to this branch of Community industry.\nG. Community interests\n(17) Large importers and resellers in the Community have argued that the introduction of protective measures would not be in the Community interest, since this would excessively restrict competition on the market for hand-knitting yarns. The Commission has become convinced that, particularly in the sector of unbranded standard yarns, there is keen competition between Community producers, and that the dumped imports have further depressed the already low level of prices in this sector.\nThe Commission is therefore of the opinion that fair conditions of competition for Community producers will be restored only after a corresponding price increase for the dumped Turkish imports, and that it is therefore in the Community interest to take defensive measures against exports to the Community of synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn from AK-PA Tekstil Ihracat Pazarlama AS of Istanbul, Turkey. Since the dumping margin established for Haskoy Yuen Iplik Fabrikasi AS is negligible and the quantities exported to the Community are of hardly any significance, and in the case of exports from OMPA Tekstil Pazarlama ve Ihracat AS and EDPA Tekstil Pazarlama Ticaret ve Sanayii AS, all of Istanbul, Turkey, there was no dumping, intervention is not necessary and the proceeding against these exporters can therefore be terminated without counter-measures. H. Undertakings\n(18) The exporters concerned were informed of the main results of the preliminary investigation into the matter and expressed their opinions thereon. In due course an undertaking was offered by the Turkish exporter concerned in relation to exports to the Community of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn.\n(19) This undertaking will have the effect of raising prices for exports to the Community to a level necessary to eliminate the injury. None of these price increases exceeds the dumping margin established in the investigation.\n(20) The undertaking offered is therefore regarded as acceptable, and the proceeding may be terminated without anti-dumping duties being levied.\n(21) No objection was raised in the Advisory Committee,\nThe Commission hereby accepts the undertaking offered by AK-PA Tekstil Ihracat Pazarlama AS as exporter for AK-SU Iplik ve Dokuma ve Boya Apre Fabrikalari TAS, AK-AL Tekstil Sanayii AS and Emboey-Yuentas , Birles , ik Kamgarn we Straygarn Iplik Imalciligi AS, all of Istanbul, Turkey, in connection with the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn falling within subheadings 56.05 ex A and 56.06 ex A of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE codes ex 56.05-21, 23, 25, 28, 32, 34 and 36 and ex 56.06-11 and 15, originating in Turkey.\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain synthetic fibre hand-knitting yarn originating in Turkey is hereby terminated", "answer groups": ["Turkey", "dumping", "man-made fibre", "textile fibre"], "distractor groups": ["industrial conversion", "resolution of the European Council", "cultural difference", "Wallis and Futuna", "drug addiction", "joinery", "price fluctuation", "UNRWA", "history of law", "Mediterranean third countries", "European Structural and Investment Funds"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2858/86 of 15 September 1986 on the classification of goods falling within heading No 39.07 of the Common Customs Tariff\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2858/86\nof 15 September 1986\non the classification of goods falling within heading No 39.07 of the Common Customs Tariff\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 97/69 of 16 January 1969 on measures to be taken for uniform application of the nomenclature of the Common Customs Tariff (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2055/84 (2), and in particular Article 3 thereof,\nWhereas, in order to ensure that the nomenclature of the Common Customs Tariff is uniformly applied, provisions should be adopted on the classification of the following goods:\n1. A binder consisting of a paperboard rectangle (approximately 530 \u00d7 310 mm and 1,84 mm thick), covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,23 mm thick) welded on all four edges; this covered paperboard is then folded in two places to form the spine of the binder. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n2. A binder consisting of two paperboard rectangles (the covers, approximately 310 \u00d7 220 mm each and 1,64 mm thick), a paperboard strip (the spine, approximately 310 \u00d7 45 mm and 1,64 mm thick) and two narrow strips on either side of the spine (stiffeners, approximately 310 \u00d7 14 mm each and 1,64 mm thick), covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,42 mm thick) welded on all four edges, along the length of the strip forming the spine of the folder, and along the length of the stiffness. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n3. A binder consisting of two paperboard rectangles (the covers, approximately 255 \u00d7 310 mm each and 2,05 mm thick) and a paperboard strip (the spine, approximately 51 \u00d7 310 mm and 2,05 mm thick), which are covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,40 mm thick) welded on all four edges and along the length of the strip forming the spine of the binder. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n4. A binder consisting of a paperboard rectangle approximately 520 \u00d7 310 mm) having in its central part, along the two folding lines, two rectangular slots (approximately 290 \u00d7 6 mm) approximately 18 mm apart. The paperboard is covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material that is welded on all four edges and in the part corresponding to the slots. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\nWhereas the Common Customs Tariff annexed to Council Regulation (EEC) No 950/68 (3) as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1355/86 (4), classifies in heading No 39.07 articles of materials of the kind described in headings Nos 39.01 to 39.06, and in heading No 48.18, inter alia, registers, exercise books, notebooks, memorandum blocks, order books, receipt books, diaries, blotting-pads, binders (loose-leaf or other), etc., whereas the abovementioned headings can be envisaged for the classification of the goods in question;\nWhereas all these articles consist basically of two materials, namely paperboard and artificial plastic material; whereas they are therefore goods consisting of different materials to be classified in accordance with general rule 3 (b) for the interpretation of the nomenclature of the Common Customs Tariff;\nWhereas, in the above articles the paperboard merely provides strengthening and support whilst the artificial plastic material, bearing in mind the presentation and use of the articles, confers on them their essential character; whereas the articles in question should therefore be classified in heading No 39.07 of the Common Customs Tariff;\nWhereas the provisions of Regulation do not conflict with the opinion of the Committee on Common Customs Tariff Nomenclature,\nThe following articles:\n1. A binder consisting of a paperboard rectangle (approximately 530 \u00d7 310 mm and 1,84 mm thick), covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,23 mm thick) welded on all four edges; this covered paperboard is then folded in two places to form the spine of the binder. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n2. A binder consisting of two paperboard rectangles (the covers, approximately 310 \u00d7 220 mm each and 1,64 mm thick), a paperboard strip (the spine, approximately 310 \u00d7 45 mm and 1,64 mm thick) and two narrow strips on either side of the spine (stiffeners, approximately 310 \u00d7 14 mm each and 1,64 mm thick), covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,42 mm thick) welded on all four edges, along the length of the strip forming the spine of the folder and along the length of the stiffness. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n3. A binder consisting of two paperboard rectangles (the covers, approximately 255 \u00d7 310 mm each and 2,05 mm thick) and a paperboard strip (the spine, approximately 51 \u00d7 310 mm and 2,05 mm thick), covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material (approximately 0,40 mm thick) welded on all four edges and along the length of the strip forming the spine of the binder. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\n4. A binder consisting of a paperboard rectangle (approximately 520 \u00d7 310 mm) having in its central part, along the two folding lines, two rectangular slots (approximately 290 \u00d7 6 mm) approximately 18 mm apart. The paperboard is covered on each side with a sheet of artificial plastic material welded on all four edges and in the part corresponding to the slots. Inside, there is a binding mechanism;\nshall be classified under the following heading in the Common Customs Tariff\n39.07: Articles of materials of the kind described in heading Nos 39.01 to 39.06.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 21st day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["common customs tariff", "office supplies", "tariff nomenclature", "pulp and paper industry"], "distractor groups": ["regulations for civil servants", "Statute for Members of the Parliament", "tax on employment income", "exchange transaction", "Philippines", "report", "DNA", "job vacancy", "EU policy", "Group of 77", "Serbia"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Directive 2012/37/EU of 22\u00a0November 2012 amending certain Annexes of Council Directives 66/401/EEC and 66/402/EEC as regards the conditions to be satisfied by the seed of Galega orientalis Lam., the maximum weight of a seed lot of certain fodder plant species and the sample size of Sorghum spp. Text with EEA relevance\n23.11.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 325/13\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2012/37/EU\nof 22 November 2012\namending certain Annexes of Council Directives 66/401/EEC and 66/402/EEC as regards the conditions to be satisfied by the seed of Galega orientalis Lam., the maximum weight of a seed lot of certain fodder plant species and the sample size of Sorghum spp.\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/401/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of fodder plant seed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 21a thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 66/402/EEC of 14 June 1966 on the marketing of cereal seed\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 21a thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Hardseededness is a typical characteristic of Galega orientalis Lam. Therefore, the quality requirements of the species as regards minimum germination should be supplemented with certain information regarding that characteristic.\n(2) Directive 66/401/EEC provides for the maximum weight of a seed lot to avoid heterogeneity in lots as regards seed testing.\n(3) Since changes in seed production and marketing practices, in particular the increased size of the seed crop production and the methods of transporting seed suggested that an increase in the maximum prescribed lot weight for seed of grasses might be desirable, a temporary experiment was organised in accordance with Commission Decision 2007/66/EC\u00a0(3).\n(4) That experiment showed that under the new conditions production plants are able to produce sufficiently homogenous seed lots of higher sizes. Therefore, Member States should be allowed to authorise the increase of the maximum weight of seed lots of grass species.\n(5) The conditions for seed production, field inspection, sampling and testing provided for in Directive 66/402/EEC are based on internationally accepted methods and standards, such as those established by the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA).\n(6) The quality requirements set for the species Sorghum spp. are mainly based on the species Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. As a result of the newly developed market for forage and biomass production the demand for other subspecies and hybrids of Sorghum spp. with smaller grain size and thinner and platter form has increased. Consequently, the requirements for separate subspecies should be further developed in order to take into consideration their seed characteristics.\n(7) The species Sorghum spp. should be differentiated into Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf and hybrids thereof, and their sample sizes should be adapted to the standards set by the ISTA.\n(8) Directives 66/401/EEC and 66/402/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nAmendments to Directive 66/401/EEC\nDirective 66/401/EEC is amended as follows:\n(1) in Table A of Section I(2) of Annex II, concerning the entry for Galega orientalis Lam., in column 2 the number \u201860\u2019 is replaced by the following:\n(2) in column 1 of Annex III, the entry for \u2018Poaceae (Gramineae)\u2019 is replaced by the following:\nAmendment to Directive 66/402/EEC\nAnnex III to Directive 66/402/EEC is amended as follows:\n(1) the entries for Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense and Sorghum sudanense are replaced by the following:\n1 2 3 4\n\u2018Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 30 900 900\nSorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf 10 250 250\u2019\n(2) the following entry is inserted after the entry for Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf:\n1 2 3 4\n\u2018Hybrids of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf 30 300 300\u2019\nTransposition\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 December 2013 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law, which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nEntry into force\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the seventh day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nAddressees\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["agricultural production", "sorghum", "fodder plant", "seed", "marketing standard"], "distractor groups": ["State monopoly", "association agreement", "signalling device", "Auvergne", "public hygiene", "Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union", "import tax", "coordination of aid", "silent majority", "vitamin"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/165 of 3 February 2015 amending Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum residue levels for lactic acid, Lecanicillium muscarium strain Ve6, chitosan hydrochloride and Equisetum arvense L. in or on certain products (Text with EEA relevance)\n4.2.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 28/1\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2015/165\nof 3 February 2015\namending Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum residue levels for lactic acid, Lecanicillium muscarium strain Ve6, chitosan hydrochloride and Equisetum arvense L. in or on certain products\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 February 2005 on maximum residue levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin and amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) For lactic acid, Lecanicillium muscarium strain Ve6, chitosan hydrochloride and Equisetum arvense L., no specific MRLs were set nor were the substances included in Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, so the default value of 0,01\u00a0mg/kg laid down in Article 18(1)(b) of that Regulation applies.\n(2) Chitosan hydrochloride is approved as basic substance in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2). In view of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0563/2014\u00a0(3), the Commission considers that the inclusion of such substance in Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No\u00a0396/2005 is appropriate.\n(3) Equisetum arvense L. is approved as basic substance in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. In view of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 462/2014\u00a0(4), the Commission considers that the inclusion of such substance in Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 is appropriate.\n(4) Lactic acid is approved as a food additive in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008\u00a0of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(5). In view of Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011\u00a0(6), the Commission considers that the inclusion of lactic acid in Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 is appropriate.\n(5) As regards Lecanicillium muscarium strain Ve6, the European Food Safety Authority (the Authority) concluded\u00a0(7) that its inclusion in Annex IV to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 is appropriate.\n(6) Based on the conclusion of the Authority and taking into account the factors relevant to the matter under consideration, the appropriate modifications to the MRLs fulfil the relevant requirements of Article 5(1) and Article\u00a014(2) of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005.\n(7) Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,\nIn Annex IV, the entries: \u2018lactic acid (2)\u2019, \u2018Lecanicillium muscarium strain Ve6\u2019, \u2018chitosan hydrochloride\u2019, and \u2018Equisetum arvense L.\u2019 are added, in alphabetical order.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["chemical compound", "plant health control", "food safety", "plant health product"], "distractor groups": ["animal oil", "Sibiu", "Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica region", "Caspian Sea", "Bonaire", "ownership", "Bratislava region", "mechanical equipment", "Belgian communities", "butane", "Southern Aegean"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision 2008/974/CFSP of 18\u00a0December 2008 in support of the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation in the framework of the implementation of the EU Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction\n23.12.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 345/91\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2008/974/CFSP\nof 18 December 2008\nin support of the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation in the framework of the implementation of the EU Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 13(3) and Article 23(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 12 December 2003, the European Council adopted the EU Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, Chapter III of which contains a list of measures that need to be taken both within the European Union (EU) and in third countries to combat such proliferation.\n(2) The EU is actively implementing this Strategy and giving effect to the measures listed in Chapters II and III thereof, for example by releasing financial resources to support specific projects leading to the enhancement of a multilateral non-proliferation system and multilateral confidence building measures. The Hague Code of Conduct against ballistic missile proliferation (hereinafter \u2018the Code\u2019 or \u2018HCoC\u2019 is an integral part of that system. It aims at preventing and curbing the proliferation of ballistic missile systems capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction and related technologies.\n(3) On 17 November 2003, the Council adopted Common Position 2003/805/CFSP\u00a0(1) on the universalisation and reinforcement of multilateral agreements in the field of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and means of delivery. That Common Position calls, inter alia, for the promotion of the subscription of as many countries as possible to the Code, especially those with ballistic missile capabilities, as well as for the further development and implementation of the Code, especially its confidence building measures, and for the promotion of a closer relationship between the Code and the UN multilateral non-proliferation system.\n(4) On 23 May 2007, the Council decided to take action to promote the universality of the Code and compliance with its principles. To that end, a workshop was organised in the margins of the 2007 Annual Meeting of Subscribing States which brought together States with major ballistic missile capabilities, including those which did not subscribe to the Code. It is a priority of the EU to continue this dialogue among subscribing and non-subscribing States with the aim of further promoting the universality of the Code as well as its better implementation and enhancement. This Decision should contribute to this process,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For the purposes of ensuring the continuous and practical implementation of certain elements of the EU Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, the EU shall support the activities of subscribing States to the Code in order to further the following objectives:\n(a) promoting the universality of the Code, and in particular the subscription to the Code by all States with ballistic missile capabilities;\n(b) supporting the implementation of the Code;\n(c) promoting further enhancement of the Code.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In this context, the projects to be supported by the European Union shall cover the following specific activities:\n(a) providing means for the organisation of targeted outreach, for example in the form of a workshop, aiming at the promotion of new subscriptions to the Code for the region with the lowest level of subscription to the Code;\n(b) providing financial and technical means to facilitate, on the one hand, the exchange of information among subscribing States, and, on the other, a visit by international observers to Space Launch Vehicles (SLV) testing launching sites, which subscribing States have resolved to consider on a voluntary basis under Article 4a (ii) of the Code;\n(c) providing means to pursue a debate among subscribing States on how to preserve the relevance and the viability of the Code. The debate shall in particular take into account new developments in the area of ballistic missile proliferation and the developments in international institutional and legal frameworks related to ballistic missiles.\nThese projects shall be carried out for the benefit of subscribing and non-subscribing States to the Code.\nA detailed description of the projects is set out in the Annex.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Presidency, assisted by the Secretary-General of the Council/High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (SG/HR), shall be responsible for the implementation of this Decision. The Commission shall be fully associated.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The technical implementation of the projects referred to in Article 1(2) shall be carried out by the Foundation for Strategic Research in Paris (FRS).\nThe FRS shall perform this task under the control of the SG/HR, in support of the Presidency and in close consultation with the Chair of the Annual Meetings of the subscribing States to the Code as well as with Austria in its capacity as Immediate Central Contact (ICC)/Executive Secretariat of the Code. For this purpose, the SG/HR shall enter into the necessary arrangements with the FRS.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Presidency, the SG/HR and the Commission shall keep each other regularly informed about the implementation of this Decision, in accordance with their respective competences.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The financial reference amount for the implementation of the projects referred to in Article 1(2) shall be 1\u00a0015\u00a0000 EUR.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The expenditure financed by the amount stipulated in paragraph 1 shall be managed in accordance with the procedures and rules applicable to the general budget of the European Communities.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall supervise the proper management of the expenditure referred to in paragraph 2, which shall take the form of a grant. For this purpose, it shall conclude a financing agreement with the FRS. The financing agreement shall stipulate that the FRS is to ensure visibility of the EU contribution, appropriate to its size.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall endeavour to conclude the financing agreement referred to in paragraph 3 as soon as possible after the entry into force of this Decision. It shall inform the Council of any difficulties in that process and of the date of conclusion of the financing agreement.\nThe Presidency, assisted by the SG/HR, shall report to the Council on the implementation of this Decision on the basis of regular reports prepared by the FRS. These reports shall form the basis for the evaluation carried out by the Council. The Commission shall be fully associated. It shall report on the financial aspects of the implementation of this Decision.\nThis Decision shall take effect on the day of its adoption.\nIt shall expire 6 months after the date of its taking effect, unless the Commission concludes a financing agreement with FRS before expiry of that period, in which case this Decision shall expire 24 months after the date of conclusion of the financing agreement.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["ballistic missile", "European Union", "non-proliferation of arms", "third country", "weapon of mass destruction", "code of conduct"], "distractor groups": ["enzyme", "invasive species", "family planning", "population dynamics", "non-profit organisation", "underground transport", "consumer cooperative", "audiovisual equipment", "Centre-Val de Loire"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 3365/87 of 9 November 1987 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide originating in Brazil\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 3365/87\nof 9 November 1987\nimposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide originating in Brazil\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1761/87 (2), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Provisional action\n(1) The Commission, by Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87 (3), imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide originating in Brazil. This duty was extended for a period not exceeding two months by Regulation (EEC) No 2810/87 (4).\nB. Subsequent proceeding\n(2) Following the imposition of the provisional duty, the exporter being found to have dumped, one importer which had not cooperated in the investigation and one Community producer, requested, and were granted, an opportunity to be heard by the Commission. The Commission informed them in detail of the facts on which it had based its provisional findings. They also made written submissions making known their views on the findings.\n(3) Another importer, hitherto unknown to the Commission, made itself known without, however, making any requests or comments. This importer did not cooperate at any stage of the investigation.\n(4) Upon their request, parties were also informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to recommend the imposition of definitive duties and the definitive collection of amounts secured by way of a provisional duty. They were granted a period within which they could make representations subsequent to these disclosure meetings. Their comments were taken into consideration.\nC. Dumping\n(5) No fresh evidence regarding dumping has been submitted. The conclusion reached at the provisional stage is therefore confirmed.\nD. Injury\n(6) As mentioned in point 3, a further importer of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide in addition to the ones hitherto known manifested itself to the Commission. If the information given by this importer orally - although not verifiable - were correct, the imports from Brazil were even higher than those provisionally established and, as a result, the market share held by these imports was in excess of that given in point 10 of Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87. No fresh evidence regarding the other elements of injury referred to in points 10 and 13 of that Regulation has been submitted. The conclusions reached at the provisional stage are therefore confirmed.\n(7) It was again claimed by an exporter and two importers which purchase the exporter's product that the Community industry could not have suffered any injury from dumped imports because the Community producers refused to supply a specific group of customers, namely the producers of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide cored wire. The arguments put forward were basically identical to those raised previously.\nThe Commission notes that this allegation has been supported by only one of the Community cored wire producers; the Community industry denies it.\nThe Commission considered it appropriate to carry out an additional investigation concentrating on this particular element of injury at the premises of the following Community producers:\n- Pechiney Electrom\u00e9tallurgie, Paris (France),\n- SKW Trostberg AG, Trostberg (Germany),\n- FLG Metallurgie GmbH, Duesseldorf (Germany).\nAs far as the period under investigation is concerned, the Commission has not found that the Community industry refused to supply ferry-silico-calcium/calcium silicide to the cored wire producer making the allegation. Consequently, there is no evidence of self-inflicted injury which would have to be taken into consideration for the purpose of the Commission's injury assessment in the anti-dumping investigation.\nSince the complaint lodged under Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty by the cored wire producer referred to above is still being considered, the considerations made under point 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87 remain fully valid and need not be developed further.\n(8) It is therefore definitively concluded that dumped imports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide originating in Brazil, taken in isolation, have to be considered as causing material injury to the Community industry.\nE. Community interest\n(9) No arguments other than those dealt with in points 14 and 15 of Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87 were made. The conclusions drawn therein are endorsed.\nF. Rate of duty\n(10) No arguments other than those dealt with in points 16 and 17 of Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87 were made. The conclusions drawn therein are endorsed.\nIt is appropriate to impose the duty in the form of a specific duty which, given the complex company structures and links of exporters and importers concerned should prevent any circumvention of the duty.\nThe proceeding with regard to exports by Eletrometalur SA, which was found not to have dumped, should be terminated.\nG. Undertakings\n(11) Following the completion of the preliminary investigation, the Brazilian exporter found to have dumped, namely Bozel Minera\u00e7\u00e3o e Ferroligas SA, offered undertakings concerning its exports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide to the Community.\nAfter consultation, these undertakings were not considered acceptable by the Commission. The exporter was informed of the reasons therefor,\n1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide falling within Common Customs Tariff subheadings 73.02 G and 28.57 D, corresponding to NIMEXE codes ex 73.02-99 and ex 28.57-40, originating in Brazil.\n2. For the purposes of this Regulation, ferro-silico-calcium/calcium silicide are products containing between 28 % and 35 % of calcium and up to 8 % of iron, either in lumpy or powder form.\n3. The amount of the duty shall be 143 ECU per tonne net.\n4. The duty shall not apply to products manufactured and exported by Eletrometalur SA Ind\u00fastria e Com\u00e9rcio. The proceeding concerning this exporter is hereby terminated.\n5. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThe amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty under Regulation (EEC) No 1361/87 shall be definitively collected.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Brazil", "ferro-alloy", "dumping", "metalloid"], "distractor groups": ["Greater Copenhagen", "EADI", "scientific calculation", "vegetable protein", "egg product", "credit sale", "hydroelectric development", "miscarriage of justice", "transport lines", "abolition of customs duties", "most favoured nation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2004/70/EC of 28 April 2004 amending Council Directive 2000/29/EC on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Directive 2004/70/EC\nof 28 April 2004\namending Council Directive 2000/29/EC on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community(1), and in particular points (c) and (d) of the second paragraph of Article 14 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 20 of the Act of Accession of 2003, refers to Annex II to that Act, which contains adaptations to the acquis required by accession. However, Annex II in principle only takes into account adaptations to acts adopted before the cut-off date for the accession negotiations, i.e. 1 November 2002.\n(2) It is however necessary to make additional adaptations to the acquis, in particular to acts adopted after that date as well as to acts which could not be included in Annex II or which, because of changed circumstances, require new adaptations.\n(3) Directive 2000/29/EC was amended at several occasions after 1 November 2002 in respect of certain provisions that were adapted by the Act of Accession of 2003.\n(4) By the Act of Accession of 2003, Lithuania was granted the status of a protected zone as regards Beet necrotic yellow vein virus for a limited period of time expiring on 31 March 2006. It is appropriate to amend the text of Annex IV to reflect the changes made by the Act of Accession.\n(5) By the Act of Accession of 2003, Latvia, Slovenia and Slovakia were granted the status of a protected zone as regards Globodera pallida (Stone) Behrens for a limited period of time expiring on 31 March 2006. It is appropriate to amend the text of Annex IV to reflect the changes made by the Act of Accession.\n(6) By the Act of Accession of 2003, Malta was granted the status of a protected zone as regards Citrus tristeza virus (European strains) for a limited period of time expiring on 31 March 2006. It is appropriate to amend the text of Annex IV to reflect the changes made by the Act of Accession.\n(7) In the interest of clarity it is appropriate to combine in one text some of the amendments made since 1 November 2002. An appropriate period should be given for the Member States to implement those provisions of this Directive which do not reflect existing legislation.\n(8) Directive 2000/29/EC should, therefore, be amended accordingly.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nDirective 2000/29/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Annexes I, II, III and IV are amended in accordance with Annex I to this Directive.\n2. Part B of Annex IV is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Directive.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with Annex II to this Directive at the latest by 1 June 2004. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force subject to, and as from the date of, the entry into force of the Treaty of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["parasitology", "plant health control", "plant health legislation", "protection of plant life", "animal disease"], "distractor groups": ["photograph", "assembly line production", "business policy", "sucrose", "agronomy", "EFICS", "protein products", "petroleum exploration", "political status", "vessel"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "82/379/EEC: Commission Decision of 19 May 1982 establishing that the apparatus described as 'Beckman - UV Spectrophotometer, model 24 with recorder and accessories' may not be imported free of Common Customs Tariff duties (Only the French, German, Italian, Dutch, Danish, English and Greek texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 22 May 1985\nconcerning an aid scheme for potable spirits producers in France\n(Only the French text is authentic)\n(85/379/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 93 (2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 337/79 of 5 February 1979 on the common organization of the market in wine (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 798/85 (2),\nHaving given notice to the parties concerned to submit their comments in accordance with the first subparagraph of Article 93 (2) of the EEC Treaty,\nWhereas:\nI\nOn 3 October 1983, the French Government notified the Commission under Article 93 (3) of the EEC Treaty of a scheme to assist producers of potable spirits, to be implemented subject to the Commission's approval.\nBy telex dated 6 October 1983, followed by a telexed reminder on 17 November 1983, the Commission asked the French Government to supply further information about the scheme.\nIn a letter dated 7 December 1983, the French Government sent the Commission a brief reply.\nOn 31 January 1984, the Commission again contacted the French Government requesting further details.\nBy letter dated 13 March 1984 and by telex dated 30 March 1984, the French Government asked the Commission to give it more time to reply.\nBy telex dated 11 April 1984, the French Government sent the Commission additional information, pointing out, however, that the details of certain aids still had to be worked out.\nThe scheme provides for FF 12 million in grants to armagnac and calvados producers for storage and maturing operations. The anticipated duration of the scheme is three years.\nThe French Government gives as the main reason for awarding such aid the fact that the spirits producers in question are faced with structural and economic difficulties.\nII\nArmagnac and calvados are products which compete with spirits and alcoholic beverages produced in other Member States, notably whisky, brandies and gin. In 1982, intra-Community trade in all these products was worth approximately 800 million ECU.\nIn recent years, a fall in the consumption of these products has been recorded in most Member States.\nThis is due, on the one hand, to the general economic recession and, on the other, to the increase in the taxes and excise duties levied on such products.\nIn France, sales of alcoholic beverages other than wine and beer fell by 4 % in 1983 compared with 1980. Over the same period, sales of cognac fell by 26,5 %, of armagnac by 17 % and of calvados by 32 %. On the other hand, sales of grain spirits (whisky, gin, etc.) increased by 41 %. The considerable drop in cognac, armagnac and calvados sales is due especially to an increase in the taxes on those products.\nArmagnac production is dependent on production of the region's wines and sometimes varies considerably from year to year.\nExports to Community countries account for approximately 50 % of sales on the French market.\nAs with armagnac, calvados production varies greatly from one year to the next depending on the apple harvest in Normandy.\nIn 1982, exports to Community countries accounted for approximately 30 % of sales on the French market and 84 % of total calvados exports.\nIII\nFollowing scrutiny of the planned aid under Article 93 (3) of the EEC Treaty, effected on the basis of the analysis of the market in the products concerned on the one hand, and having regard to the additional information furnished by the French authorities on\nthe other, the Commission decided on 30 May 1984 to initiate the procedure provided for in Article 93 (2) EEC in respect of the aids for the private storage and maturing of armagnac and calvados on account of their effects on trade between Member States. The expected cost of financing these measures is FF 12 million.\nUnder the procedure provided for in Article 93 (2) of the EEC Treaty, the Commission gave the French Government and the other Member States and interested parties other than the Member States notice to submit their comments.\nThe French Government replied on 1 August 1984 to the Commission's letter of formal notice of 8 June 1984, arguing, among other things, that in respect of the aids for the private storage of armagnac and calvados those products are produced using traditional methods in rural areas giving rise to a high manufacturing cost for the producers concerned.\nOf the other Member States, the United Kingdom Government supports the Commission's action in initiating the Article 93 (2) EEC procedure; it points out in particular that United Kingdom spirits producers face serious difficulties in exporting their products and that the French aids cause distortions of competition in the spirits and comparable products sector.\nOf the interested parties other than the Member States, the Scotch Whisky Association expressed similar concern in its letter to the Commission dated 28 February 1984.\nIV\nBy notifying in good time its proposal to provide assistance to spirits producers, the French Government has fulfilled its obligation under Article 93 (3) of the EEC Treaty.\nIn the sector of alcoholic beverages, and more particularly of spirits, there are substantial trade flows between Member States and competition is intense, partly because there is surplus production capacity and partly because consumption of such products is either at a standstill or is declining. When State aids strengthen the competitive position of certain firms whose products for the subject-matter of intra-Community trade, the latter must be deemed to be affected by those aids. In the present case, by reducing certain costs or increasing the income of the recipient firms, the planned aids may affect trade between Member States and distort or threaten to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings within the meaning of Article 92 (1) of the EEC Treaty, which provides that such aids are incompatible with the common market.\nThe exceptions to this principle do not apply in this case in view of the features of the plannned aids and the fact that they do not seek to satisfy the conditions for application of those exceptions.\nArticle 92 (3) of the EEC Treaty specifies which aids may be considered compatible with the common market. Such compatibility is determined in the light of objectives pursued in the interest of the Community and not in that of a single Member State.\nIn order to safeguard the proper functioning of the common market, and having regard to the principle embodied in Article 3 (f) of the EEC Treaty, the exceptions to the incompatibility of aids provided for in Article 92 (3) of the EEC Treaty must be construed narrowly when any aid is scrutinized.\nIn particular, they may be invoked only where the Commission is satifsfied that, without the aid, market forces alone would be insufficient to guide the recipients towards patterns of behaviour that would serve one of the said objectives.\nTo apply the said exceptions in the case of aid that did not serve such an objective or where aid is not necessary for that purpose would be to place the industries or firms of certain Member States at an unfair advantage. Their financial position would be bolstered as a result, whereas trading conditions between Member States would be affected and competition distorted without any jusification on grounds of the common interest within the meaning of Article 92 (3).\nThe proposed assistance for the storage and maturing of armagnac and calvados spirits would relieve the recipients of certain costs inherent in those operations. In fact, the operations are intended to enable them to sell later a better quality product at a higher price. This means that the producer foregoes an immediate income and pays certains costs, which are covered, however, by a higher return at some point in the future. Both in France and in other Member States, however, spirits competing with armagnac and calvados undergo similar treatment without their producers qualifying for assistance to cover part of the cost.\nTo agree to such aid being granted to armagnac and calvados producers alone would, under the circumstances, be tantamount to inflicting on their competitors a disadvantage which might be reflected in an unwarranted drop in their sales.\nThe aid is operating aid involving no restructuring, redeployment or innovation. V\nIn view of the above, the prohibition provided for in Article 92 (1) cannot be waived under paragraph 2 of that Article, given that the exceptions provided for in that paragraph are clearly not applicable in the present case.\nNor do the aids for the private storage and maturing of armagnac and calvados satisfy the conditions for the application of one of the exceptions provided for in Article 92 (3) of the EEC Treaty.\nWith regard to the exceptions contained in subparagraphs (a) and (c) of Article 92 (3) for aids to promote the development of certain areas, the Armagnac and Calvados areas are not ones where the standard of living is abnormally low or where there is serious underemployment within the meaning of subparagraph (a).\nThe operating aids planned by the French Government are not likely to contribute to the development of certain economic areas within the meaning of subparagraph (c).\nAs regards the exceptions provided for in subparagraph (b) of Article 92 (3), it is obvious that the aids in question are not intended to support a project of common European interest or to remedy a serious disturbance in the French economy.\nLastly, as to the exception in subparagraph (c) of Article 92 (3) regarding aid to facilitate the development of certain economic activities, the aids in question, being intended to cover certain operating costs, cannot have a development effect within the meaning of that exception. Moreover, the fact that a substantial proportion of the products which are to qualify for assistance is exported to other Member States makes it impossible to take the view that trading conditions would not be affected to an extent contrary to the common interest.\nConsequently, the planned aids do not satisfy the conditions necessary for application of one of the exceptions in Article 92 (3) of the EEC Treaty,\nThe aids for the private storage and maturing of armagnac and calvados, notified to the Commission by letter dated 29 September 1983, are incompatible with the common market and France may not implement them.\nFrance shall take the measures necessary to comply with this Decision within one month of its notification and shall inform the Commission thereof within the same period.\nThis Decision is addressed to the French Republic", "answer groups": ["spectrometry", "cancer", "carcinogenic substance", "scientific apparatus", "common customs tariff", "exemption from customs duties"], "distractor groups": ["judicial reform", "norm price", "distributor", "turbine", "restoration of customs duties", "mining operation", "economic integration", "ground staff", "Nicaragua"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Directive (EU) 2015/121 of 27 January 2015 amending Directive 2011/96/EU on the common system of taxation applicable in the case of parent companies and subsidiaries of different Member States\n28.1.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 21/1\nCOUNCIL DIRECTIVE (EU) 2015/121\nof 27 January 2015\namending Directive 2011/96/EU on the common system of taxation applicable in the case of parent companies and subsidiaries of different Member States\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 115 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the European Commission,\nAfter transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee\u00a0(2),\nActing in accordance with a special legislative procedure,\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Directive 2011/96/EU\u00a0(3) exempts dividends and other profit distributions paid by subsidiary companies to their parent companies from withholding taxes and eliminates double taxation of such income at the level of the parent company.\n(2) It is necessary to ensure that Directive 2011/96/EU is not abused by taxpayers who fall within the scope of its application.\n(3) Some Member States apply domestic or agreement-based provisions aimed at tackling tax evasion, tax fraud or abusive practices in a general or in a specific way.\n(4) However, those provisions may have different levels of severity and, in any case, they are designed to reflect the specificities of each Member State's tax system. Moreover, some Member States do not have any domestic or agreement-based provisions for the prevention of abuse.\n(5) Therefore, the inclusion of a common minimum anti-abuse rule in Directive 2011/96/EU would be very helpful to prevent misuse of that Directive and to ensure greater consistency in its application in different Member States.\n(6) The application of anti-abuse rules should be proportionate and should serve the specific purpose of tackling an arrangement or a series of arrangements which are not genuine, that is, which do not reflect economic reality.\n(7) To that end, when assessing whether an arrangement or a series of arrangements are abusive, Member States' tax administrations should undertake an objective analysis of all relevant facts and circumstances.\n(8) While Member States should use the anti-abuse clause to tackle arrangements which are, in their entirety, not genuine, there may also be cases where single steps or parts of an arrangement are, on a stand-alone basis, not genuine. Member States should be able to use the anti-abuse clause also to tackle those specific steps or parts, without prejudice to the remaining genuine steps or parts of the arrangement. That would maximise the effectiveness of the anti-abuse clause while guaranteeing its proportionality. The \u2018to the extent approach\u2019 can be effective in cases where the entities concerned, as such, are genuine but where, for example, shares from which the profit distribution arises are not genuinely attributed to a taxpayer that is established in a Member State, that is, if the arrangement based on its legal form transfers the ownership of the shares but its features do not reflect economic reality.\n(9) This Directive should not affect in any way Member States' ability to apply their domestic or agreement-based provisions aimed at preventing tax evasion, tax fraud or abuse.\n(10) Directive 2011/96/EU should therefore be amended accordingly,\nIn Directive 2011/96/EU, Article 1(2) is replaced by the following paragraphs:\n\u20182.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall not grant the benefits of this Directive to an arrangement or a series of arrangements which, having been put into place for the main purpose or one of the main purposes of obtaining a tax advantage that defeats the object or purpose of this Directive, are not genuine having regard to all relevant facts and circumstances.\nAn arrangement may comprise more than one step or part.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For the purposes of paragraph 2, an arrangement or a series of arrangements shall be regarded as not genuine to the extent that they are not put into place for valid commercial reasons which reflect economic reality.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Directive shall not preclude the application of domestic or agreement-based provisions required for the prevention of tax evasion, tax fraud or abuse.\u2019\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 December 2015 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["double taxation", "tax relief", "parent company", "subsidiary", "tax avoidance", "corporation tax", "tax evasion", "EU Member State"], "distractor groups": ["penal code", "port traffic", "Plovdiv region", "San Marino", "examination", "gender mainstreaming", "tidal energy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/213/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 23\u00a0April 2012 on a temporary derogation from the rules of origin laid down in Annex II to Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01528/2007 to take account of the special situation of Swaziland with regard to peaches, pears and pineapples (notified under document C(2012) 2511)\n25.4.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 113/12\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 23 April 2012\non a temporary derogation from the rules of origin laid down in Annex II to Council Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 to take account of the special situation of Swaziland with regard to peaches, pears and pineapples\n(notified under document C(2012) 2511)\n(2012/213/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 of 20 December 2007 applying the arrangements for products originating in certain states which are part of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States provided for in agreements establishing, or leading to the establishment of, Economic Partnership Agreements\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 36(4) of Annex II thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 27 October 2011 Swaziland requested, in accordance with Article 36 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007, a derogation from the rules of origin set out in that Annex for the year 2012. On 11 January 2012 Swaziland submitted additional information relating to its request. The request covers a total quantity of 800 tonnes of peach and/or pear in fruit jelly of CN codes ex\u00a02007\u00a099\u00a097 and mixtures of peach and/or pear and/or pineapple in fruit juice of CN code ex\u00a02008\u00a097\u00a098.\n(2) According to the information received from Swaziland, it is unable to satisfy the rules on cumulation of origin laid down in Article 6 of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007. Because it has no production of peaches and pears, Swaziland sources non-originating diced peaches in juice not containing sugar of CN codes ex\u00a02008\u00a070\u00a092 and 2008\u00a070\u00a098, and diced pears in juice not containing sugar of CN code ex\u00a02008\u00a040\u00a090 in neighbouring South Africa for manufacture. However, in accordance with Article 6(7) of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007, the final products are excluded from cumulation with South Africa. A temporary derogation should therefore be granted. In order to allow Swaziland to make full use of the quantities granted, the temporary derogation should have retroactive effect from 1 January 2012.\n(3) A temporary derogation from the rules of origin laid down in Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 would not cause serious injury to an established Union industry, provided that certain conditions relating to quantities, surveillance and duration are respected.\n(4) It is therefore justified to grant a temporary derogation under Article 36(1)(b) of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007.\n(5) Accordingly a derogation should be granted to Swaziland in respect of 800 tonnes of peach and/or pear in fruit jelly of CN codes ex\u00a02007\u00a099\u00a097 and mixtures of peach and/or pear and/or pineapple in fruit juice of CN code ex\u00a02008\u00a097\u00a098 for one year.\n(6) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(2) lays down rules relating to the management of tariff quotas. In order to ensure efficient management carried out in close cooperation between the authorities of Swaziland, the customs authorities of the Member States and the Commission, those rules should apply to the quantities imported under the derogation granted by this Decision.\n(7) In order to allow efficient monitoring of the operation of the derogation, the authorities of Swaziland should communicate regularly to the Commission details of the EUR.1 movement certificates issued.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nBy way of derogation from Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1528/2007 and in accordance with Article 36(1)(b) of that Annex, peach and/or pear in fruit jelly of CN codes ex\u00a02007\u00a099\u00a097 and mixtures of peach and/or pear and/or pineapple in fruit juice of CN code ex\u00a02008\u00a097\u00a098 in the manufacture of which non-originating diced peaches in juice not containing sugar of CN codes ex\u00a02008\u00a070\u00a092 and ex\u00a02008\u00a070\u00a098, and diced pears in juice not containing sugar of CN code ex\u00a02008\u00a040\u00a090 are used, shall be regarded as originating in Swaziland in accordance with the terms set out in Articles 2 to 5 of this Decision.\nThe derogation provided for in Article 1 shall apply to the products and the quantities set out in the Annex which are declared for release for free circulation into the Union from Swaziland during the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012.\nThe quantities set out in the Annex to this Decision shall be managed in accordance with Articles 308a, 308b and 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93.\nThe customs authorities of Swaziland shall take the necessary measures to carry out quantitative checks on exports of the products referred to in Article 1.\nAll the EUR.1 movement certificates they issue in relation to the products referred to in Article 1 shall bear a reference to this Decision.\nBefore the end of the month following each quarter, the competent authorities of Swaziland shall forward to the Commission a quarterly statement of the quantities in respect of which EUR.1 movement certificates have been issued pursuant to this Decision and the serial numbers of those certificates.\nBox 7 of EUR.1 movement certificates issued under this Decision shall contain the following:\n\u2018Derogation \u2014 Implementing Decision 2012/213/EU\u2019.\nThis Decision shall apply from 1 January 2012 until 31 December 2012.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["pip fruit", "import (EU)", "fruit juice", "originating product", "Swaziland", "stone fruit", "tropical fruit", "gelatine", "free circulation", "derogation from EU law"], "distractor groups": ["building materials", "temporary employment", "forward studies", "contract farming", "craft business"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 1119/86 of 17 April 1986 repealing the definitive countervailing duty on imports of certain seamless tubes of non-alloy steels originating in Spain\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 1119/86\nof 17 April 1986\nrepealing the definitive countervailing duty on imports of certain seamless tubes of non-alloy steels originating in Spain\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to the Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Articles 7 and 14 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultations within the Advisory Committee provided for in that Regulation,\nWhereas the following is the case:\nA. Definitive action\n1. Regulation (EEC) No 3072/80 (2), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2902/85 (3), imposed a definitive countervailing duty on imports of certain seamless tubes of non-alloy steels originating in Spain and falling within subheadings ex 73.18 B I and ex 73.18 B III of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE codes 73.18 ex 13, ex 23, ex 27, ex 28, ex 72 and ex 74.\nB. Review\n2. In connection with the accession of Spain to the European Communities, the Spanish Government has introduced, with effect from 1 January 1986, a new turnover tax system based on value added (Impuesto sobre el Valor A\u0102\u0105adido), which replaced the former cascade turnover tax system (Impuesto sobre el Tr\u0102\u0104fico de las Empresas y Recargos Provinciales).\nC. Repeal of definitive countervailing duty\n3. It is considered that as a result of the application of the new tax mentioned in paragraph 2, the refund of the indirect taxes on export corresponds to the indirect taxes borne by the product when destined for domestic consumption and therefore does not, in accordance with Article 3 (3) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84, constitute a subsidy. Under these circumstances, the definitive countervailing duty is no longer appropriate and, consequently, Regulation (EEC) No 3072/80 should be repealed with effect from 1 January 1986.\n4. Under Article 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 1430/79 (4), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 918/83 (5), importers are entitled to a refund of countervailing duties paid on goods released for free circulation in the Community since 1 January 1986,\nRegulation (EEC) No 3072/80 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply as from 1 January 1986.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import", "tube", "Spain"], "distractor groups": ["interactive network", "aid per hectare", "cost of pollution", "invalid ballot paper", "manifesto", "road building", "economic stagnation", "arms policy", "Ecosoc", "accession to an agreement", "property insurance", "common price policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0202/2014 of 3\u00a0March 2014 amending Regulation (EU) No\u00a010/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food Text with EEA relevance\n4.3.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 62/13\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 202/2014\nof 3 March 2014\namending Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 October 2004 on materials and articles intended to come into contact with food and repealing Directives 80/590/EEC and 89/109/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(1), Article 11(3) and Article 12(6) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Annex I to Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011\u00a0(2) establishes a Union list of substances which may be used in the manufacture of plastic materials and articles (\u2018Union list of authorised substances\u2019).\n(2) On 24 July 2012 the European Food Safety Authority issued favourable scientific evaluations for two additional substances, namely 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimidine\u00a0(3) and 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene\u00a0(4). Those substances should now be added to the Union list of authorised substances as food contact material (FCM) substances Nos 872 and 988.\n(3) From the scientific evaluation of FCM substance No 988 it follows that migration of its hydrolysis product, 1,3-benzenedimethanamine should be controlled. 1,3-benzenedimethanamine is already authorised as FCM substance No 421. As the migration of FCM substances Nos 421 and 988 is controlled on the basis of the migration of FCM substance No 421, a group restriction including both substances should be introduced. Therefore, the authorisation of FCM substance No 421 should be amended and the group restriction introduced in Table 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 10/2011.\n(4) FCM substance No 340 (dicyanodiamide) is authorised as an additive in plastics in Table 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 without a specific migration limit. The Opinion reported in the 33rd series of the Scientific Committee for Food\u00a0(5) established a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 1\u00a0mg/kg body weight resulting in a specific migration limit (SML) of 60\u00a0mg/kg food. This limit coincides with the generic specific migration limit established in Article 11(2) of Regulation (EU) No 10/2011. However, since the SML of 60\u00a0mg/kg is derived from a toxicological threshold such as the TDI, the SML should be specifically mentioned in Annex I to Regulation (EU) No 10/2011.\n(5) In order to limit the administrative burden to business operators, plastic materials and articles which have been lawfully placed on the market based on the requirements set out in Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 and which do not comply with this Regulation should be able to be placed on the market until 24 March 2015. They should be able to remain on the market until exhaustion of stocks.\n(6) Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex I to Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nPlastic materials and articles which have been lawfully placed on the market before 24 March 2014 and which do not comply with this Regulation may be placed on the market until 24 March 2015. Those plastic materials and articles may remain on the market after that date until the exhaustion of stocks.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["food safety", "market approval", "health risk", "plastics", "foodstuff"], "distractor groups": ["prospective technological studies", "West Sweden", "increase in production", "digital archiving", "sales occupation", "green economy", "political group", "international arbitration", "navigation aid", "Netherlands OCT"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0115/2005 of 26 January 2005 opening an invitation to tender for the refund on common wheat exports to certain third countries\n27.1.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 24/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 115/2005\nof 26 January 2005\nopening an invitation to tender for the refund on common wheat exports to certain third countries\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 13(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Given the present market situation for cereals, an invitation to tender for the export refund on common wheat should be opened in accordance with Article 4 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1501/95 of 29 June 1995 laying down certain detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 on the granting of export refunds on cereals and the measures to be taken in the event of disturbance on the market for cereals\u00a0(2).\n(2) The tendering procedure rules to be followed for establishing export refunds are laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1501/95. The requirements under that procedure include an obligation to submit an application for an export licence and lodge a security. The rate of that security should be established.\n(3) A specific period of validity must be set for the licences issued under this invitation to tender. That validity period should be commensurate with world market requirements for the 2004/2005 marketing year.\n(4) To ensure that all parties are treated equally, all licences issued should have the same period of validity.\n(5) To forestall reimportation refunds should be awarded only for exportation to certain third countries.\n(6) The satisfactory operation of tendering procedures for exports requires that a minimum quantity be set, and that the time limit and means of transmission for tenders lodged with the competent authority be established.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Under Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1501/95, an invitation to tender for the export refund is hereby opened.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The invitation to tender covers common wheat for exportation to third countries with the exception of Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro\u00a0(3), Liechtenstein, Romania and Switzerland.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The invitation to tender shall be open until 23 June 2005. During that period, weekly awards shall be made. The quantities and dates for submitting tenders shall be set out in the notice of invitation to tender.\nBy way of derogation from Article 4(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1501/95, the time limit for submitting tenders for the first partial invitation to tender shall be 3 February 2005.\nTenders shall be valid only if they cover a quantity of at least 1\u00a0000 tonnes.\nThe security referred to in Article 5(3)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1501/95 shall be EUR 12 per tonne.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article 23(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000\u00a0(4), export licences issued in accordance with Article 8(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1501/95 shall, for the purpose of determining their period of validity, be deemed to have been issued on the day on which the tender was submitted.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Export licences issued under the invitation to tender provided for in this Regulation shall be valid from their date of issue within the meaning of paragraph 1 until the end of the fourth month thereafter.\nMember States shall send the Commission the tenders submitted within one-and-a-half hours of the expiry of the weekly time limit for lodging tenders, as laid down in the notice of invitation to tender, using the form set out in the Annex.\nIf no tenders are lodged, Member States shall inform the Commission within the time limit referred to in the first paragraph.\nThe times set for the submission of tenders shall correspond to Belgian time.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["third country", "export refund", "common wheat", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["metallurgical industry", "Sweden", "Ruse region", "credit rating", "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", "education policy", "project evaluation", "estuary", "adjustment to school", "extraterritorial jurisdiction", "Congo"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2013/499/EU: Commission Decision of 10\u00a0October 2013 on a measure taken by Germany according to Article 11 of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council prohibiting an electric mini-ATV of the type HB-ATV49Q-Electric manufactured by Huabao Electric Appliance Co. Ltd (notified under document C(2013) 6552) Text with EEA relevance\n12.10.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 272/55\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 10 October 2013\non a measure taken by Germany according to Article 11 of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council prohibiting an electric mini-ATV of the type HB-ATV49Q-Electric manufactured by Huabao Electric Appliance Co. Ltd\n(notified under document C(2013) 6552)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2013/499/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 11 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Article 11(2) of Directive 2006/42/EC, the German authorities notified to the Commission and to the other Member States a measure prohibiting the placing on the market of an electric mini-ATV (all-terrain vehicle) of the type HB-ATV49Q-Electric manufactured by Huabao Electric Appliance Co. Ltd, Zhiying Street, Guashan Industry Area, Yongkang, Zhejiang, China, imported into the EU by QBB Funsporthandel, Hofstra\u03b2e 21, 56841 Traben-Trarbach, Germany.\n(2) The reason for the measure given by the German authorities was the non-conformity of the mini-ATV with the following essential health and safety requirements set out in Annex I to Directive 2006/42/EC:\n\u2014 1.3.2 \u2014 Risk of break-up during operation\n\u2014 1.3.7 \u2014 Risks related to moving parts\n\u2014 1.7.3 \u2014 Marking of machinery\n\u2014 1.7.4 \u2014 Instructions\n(3) The German authorities also noted that, while the product bore the CE marking, it was not accompanied by an EC Declaration of conformity drawn up and signed by the manufacturer or his authorised representative, as required by Article 5(1)(e) of Directive 2006/42/EC.\n(4) The notification was accompanied by an inspection report established by the Landesamt f\u00fcr Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht Rheinland-Pfalz.\n(5) In accordance with the procedure set out in Article 11(3) of Directive 2006/42/EC, the Commission wrote to the manufacturer and the importer inviting them to comment on the measure taken by the German authorities. No reply was received.\n(6) Examination of the evidence provided by the German authorities confirms that the electric mini-ATV of the type HB-ATV49Q-Electric manufactured by Huabao Electric Appliance Co. Ltd fails to comply with the essential health and safety requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC and that this non-conformity gives rise to risks of injury to users,\nThe measure taken by the German authorities prohibiting the placing on the market of an electric mini-ATV of the type HB-ATV49Q-Electric manufactured by Huabao Electric Appliance Co. Ltd is justified.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["market approval", "electric vehicle", "safety standard", "Germany", "EC conformity marking", "product safety"], "distractor groups": ["merchant", "cable distribution", "public legal official", "abandoned land", "conifer", "hydrogen production", "energy crop", "Cariforum", "work contract"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2007/4/EC of 2 February 2007 amending, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical progress, Annex II to Directive 96/73/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain methods for quantitative analysis of binary textile fibre mixtures (Text with EEA relevance )\n3.2.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 28/14\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2007/4/EC\nof 2 February 2007\namending, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical progress, Annex II to Directive 96/73/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain methods for quantitative analysis of binary textile fibre mixtures\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Directive 96/73/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 1996 on certain methods for quantitative analysis of binary textile fibre mixtures\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 96/74/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 16 December 1996 on textile names\u00a0(2) requires labelling to indicate the fibre composition of textile products, with checks being carried out by analysis on the conformity of these products with indications given on the label.\n(2) Uniform methods for quantitative analysis of binary textile fibre mixtures are provided for in Directive 96/73/EC.\n(3) On the basis of recent findings by the technical working group, Directive 96/74/EC was adapted to technical progress, by adding the fibre elastolefin to the list of fibres set out in Annexes I and II to that Directive.\n(4) It is therefore, necessary to define uniform test methods for elastolefin.\n(5) Directive 96/73/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for Directives relating to Textile Names and Labelling,\nAnnex II to Directive 96/73/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 2 February 2008 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Members States", "answer groups": ["natural fibre", "man-made fibre", "analytical chemistry", "textile product", "textile fibre", "plastics"], "distractor groups": ["European Union Satellite Centre", "water supply", "engineer", "agricultural real estate", "agricultural vehicle", "commentary on a law", "nuclear technology", "printing", "European Communities"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a053/2011 of 21\u00a0January 2011 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0606/2009 laying down certain detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0479/2008 as regards the categories of grapevine products, oenological practices and the applicable restrictions\n22.1.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 19/1\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 53/2011\nof 21 January 2011\namending Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 laying down certain detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 as regards the categories of grapevine products, oenological practices and the applicable restrictions\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), in particular the third and fourth paragraphs of Article 121 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) According to Article 3 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 606/2009\u00a0(2), the authorised oenological practices are laid down in Annex I to that Regulation. The International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) has adopted new oenological practices. In order to meet the international standards in this field and to provide EU producers with the new possibilities available to third country producers, these new oenological practices should be authorised in the EU under the conditions of use defined by the OIV.\n(2) Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 authorises clarification by means of pectolytic enzymes and enzymatic preparations of beta-glucanase. These enzymes and other enzymatic preparations are also used for maceration, clarification, stabilisation, filtration and for revealing the aromatic precursors of grapes present in the must and the wine. These oenological practices have been adopted by the OIV and they should be authorised under the conditions of use defined by the OIV.\n(3) Wines entitled to the protected designations of origin \u2018Malta\u2019 and \u2018Gozo\u2019 have a sugar content greater than 45\u00a0g/l and are produced in small quantities. Likewise, certain French white wines with a protected geographical indication may have a total alcoholic strength by volume greater than 15\u00a0% vol. and a sugar content greater than 45\u00a0g/l. In order to ensure the preservation of these wines, the Member States concerned, i.e., Malta and France, respectively, requested a derogation to the maximum sulphur dioxide contents given in Annex I B to Regulation (EC) No 606/2009. These wines should be mentioned in the list of wines having a maximum sulphur dioxide content of 300 milligrams per litre.\n(4) Wines entitled to the traditional expression \u2018K\u00e9s\u0151i sz\u00fcretel\u00e9s\u0171 bor\u2019 have a very high sugar content and are produced in small quantities. In order to ensure the preservation of these wines, Hungary requested a derogation to the maximum sulphur dioxide content. A maximum sulphur dioxide content of 350 milligrams per litre should be authorised for these wines.\n(5) Wines entitled to the protected designation of origin \u2018Douro\u2019 followed by the statement \u2018colheita tardia\u2019 derogate from the maximum sulphur dioxide content. Wines entitled to the protected designation of origin \u2018Duriense\u2019 have the same characteristics as these wines. On the basis of this, Portugal requested a derogation from the maximum sulphur dioxide content. A maximum sulphur dioxide content of 400 milligrams per litre should be authorised for these wines.\n(6) In order to render the names of vine varieties clearer, the names of the varieties should be given in the different languages of the countries where these varieties are used.\n(7) Certain provisions concerning certain liqueur wines differ from the requirements laid down in the specifications for these wines. These provisions should be amended in accordance with the requirements in question.\n(8) Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 should be amended accordingly.\n(9) The making of wine from grapes harvested during the 2010 wine-growing year has already begun. In order not to distort competition between wine producers, the new oenological practices should be authorised for all these producers starting at the beginning of the 2010 wine-growing year. This regulation should apply retroactively from 1 August 2010, which marks the start of the 2010 wine-growing year.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Regulatory Committee established by Article 195(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007,\nRegulation (EC) No 606/2009 shall be amended as follows:\n(a) Annex I A is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Regulation;\n(b) Annex I B is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation;\n(c) Annex II is amended in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation;\n(d) Annex III is amended in accordance with Annex IV to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 August 2010.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["mode of production", "viticulture", "wine", "vinification"], "distractor groups": ["seasonal employment", "inter-company cooperation", "primary election", "breadwinner", "business lease", "speed control", "diplomatic protection", "family business", "party congress", "supplies contract", "UN international covenant"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1999/2002 of 8 November 2002 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 2019/93 as regards the specific aid arrangements for the smaller Aegean Islands in respect of vineyards\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1999/2002\nof 8 November 2002\nlaying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 2019/93 as regards the specific aid arrangements for the smaller Aegean Islands in respect of vineyards\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2019/93 of 19 July 1993 introducing specific measures for the smaller Aegean islands concerning certain agricultural products(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 442/2002(2), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 9 of Regulation (EEC) No 2019/93 provides for a flat-rate aid per hectare for the continued cultivation of vines for the production of quality wines psr in traditional production areas in the smaller Aegean islands.\n(2) To be granted the flat-rate aid per hectare, the interested party (either a wine producer group or organisation) must first submit a wine improvement measure, based on a programme approved by the competent authorities.\n(3) Article 1(8) of Regulation (EC) No 2019/93 abolishes aid for ageing quality liqueur wines, since it was deemed unsuitable to the situation in the Aegean Islands, due to the short storage period.\n(4) The detailed rules to administer this scheme and to monitor the conditions adopted by the Council should be laid down.\n(5) To avoid any legal ambiguity, Regulation (EEC) No 3112/93(3) should be repealed.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Wine,\nThis Regulation lays down the detailed rules for applying Article 9 of Regulation (EEC) No 2019/93, as amended by Council Regulation (EC) No 442/2002.\n1. The flat-rate aid per hectare for continuing to cultivate vines for the production of quality wines psr provided for in Article 9 of Regulation (EC) No 2019/93 shall be granted at the request of wine producer groups or organisations for areas planted with vine varieties suitable for the production of quality wines psr.\n2. The producer organisations shall be those referred to in Article 39 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999. The Greek authorities shall lay down the criteria that the producer groups must satisfy to qualify for the aid in question, and notify them to the Commission.\n1. Applications for the per-hectare aid shall be lodged by interested parties with the competent Greek authorities during the period fixed by them and by 1 May of each year, at the latest, for the following wine year. However, for the 2002/03 wine year, applications shall be lodged no later than 31 December 2002.\n2. The aid application must include the following:\n(a) the address of the producer group or organisation;\n(b) the area cultivated for the production of quality wines psr, in hectares and ares, together with the land register reference or indication recognised as equivalent by the agency responsible for verifying the areas;\n(c) the grape varieties used;\n(d) an estimate of the potential crop.\nHaving checked that the wine producer group or organisation has carried out the wine improvement measure in accordance with the approved programme, the competent Greek authority shall pay the aid before 1 April of the wine year for which it is granted.\nThe competent Greek authority shall notify the Commission by 30 April of the areas for which aid applications have been made and in respect of which aid has actually been paid.\n1. The competent Greek authority shall take all the measures necessary to ensure compliance with the conditions to which the grant of aid provided for in this Regulation is subject.\n2. Aid applications shall be checked in a manner that ensures effective verification of compliance with the conditions imposed. Depending on the kind of support measure, the competent Greek authority shall define the method and means for conducting the check and the beneficiaries to be checked. In all appropriate cases the competent Greek authority shall use the vineyard register and the integrated administration and control system established by Regulation (EEC) No 3508/92.\n3. The checks shall involve administrative and on-the-spot checks.\n4. The administrative checks shall be exhaustive and shall include crosschecks, where appropriate, with the data in the integrated administration and control system in order to prevent multiple payments of undue aid.\n5. On the basis of a risk analysis, the national authorities shall carry out random on-the-spot checks of a number of aid applications representing at least 5 % of the assisted areas.\n6. The competent Greek authority shall establish the system of penalties to be imposed in the event of breaches of the obligations entered into and the applicable provisions, and shall take all the steps necessary to implement the system. The penalties must be effective, commensurate with their purpose and have a deterrent effect.\n7. Article 8 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1258/1999(4) on the financing of the common agricultural policy shall apply.\nRegulation (EEC) No 3112/93 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["producer group", "viticulture", "aid per hectare", "aid system", "Aegean Islands"], "distractor groups": ["reform of the CAP", "debt", "ground handling", "Maghreb", "County of Vara\u017edin", "public-private partnership", "chemical process", "surveillance", "regulation of transactions", "trade intermediary"]}, {"question": "s. What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0123/2008 of 12 February 2008 amending and correcting Annex VI to Council Regulation (EEC) No\u00a02092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs\n13.2.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 38/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 123/2008\nof 12 February 2008\namending and correcting Annex VI to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 of 24 June 1991 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular the second indent of Article 13 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Pursuant to Article 5(8) of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91, limitative lists of the substances and products referred to in paragraph 3(c) and (d) of that Article are to be established in Sections A and B of Annex VI to that Regulation. The conditions of use of these ingredients and substances may be specified.\n(2) Further to the inclusion in that list of substances used in the processing of products intended for human consumption which contain ingredients from animal origin by Commission Regulation (EC) No 780/2006 of 24 May 2006 amending Annex VI to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs\u00a0(2) the additives sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate were to be re-examined before 31 December 2007, with a view to limiting or withdrawing their use. A panel of independent experts has in its conclusion of 5 July 2007\u00a0(3) (hereinafter the panel) recommended eliminating sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate in organic meat products within a reasonable time scale. The panel also recommended that certain precautions should be taken, if these substances were withdrawn. Therefore, sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate should be permitted until 31 December 2010 to allow an assessment of the implications of removing them. This assessment should take account of the extent to which the Member States have found safe alternatives to nitrites/nitrates, and their progress in establishing educational programmes in alternative processing.\n(3) From 1 December 2007, under the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 780/2006, sulphur dioxide and potassium metabisulphite are permitted for the processing of fruit wines, made from fruit other than grapes, and also for the processing of cider, perry and mead. According to the above panel they should be allowed until alternative compounds or technologies are known. The Commission proposes to follow this advice. As new research data are expected to become available, the use of sulphur dioxide and potassium metabisulphite in organic products should be re-examined by 31 December 2010.\n(4) To ensure that certain food processing aids (talc, bentonite, and kaolin) in the list are free from non-authorised substances, the panel suggested that they should only be used where they meet the purity standards specified for those food additives in Community laws.\n(5) During the manufacture of sour milk cheese, E 500 sodium carbonate is added to the pasteurised milk in order to buffer the acidity caused by the lactic acid to an appropriate pH value, thereby creating the necessary growth condition for the ripening cultures. According to the panel the use of sodium carbonate for the processing of organic sour milk cheese should therefore be allowed. The Commission proposes to follow this advice.\n(6) To be able to replace after a certain period of time gelatine made from non-organic animal skin or bones by gelatine produced from organic pig skin as an ingredient in organic products, a number of processing aids should be added to the list according to the panel. The Commission proposes to follow this advice.\n(7) It appears to be necessary to use hydrochloric acid as a processing aid in the production of certain special hard rind cheeses (Gouda, Edam and Maasdammer cheeses, Boerenkaas, Friese, and Leidse Nagelkaas) for the regulation of the pH of the brine bath without causing off-flavours. The use of hydrochloric acid for the production of these special hard rind cheeses should however be re-evaluated before 31 December 2010.\n(8) Annex VI to Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91, as amended by Regulation (EC) No 780/2006, allows the use of food additive E 160b (Annatto, Bixin, and Norbixin) on \u2018Scottish Cheddar\u2019. As this is not a generic term for coloured cheddar, the entry in Annex VI should be changed to cover all Cheddar cheeses. The use of Annatto, Bixin, Norbixin, E 160b, should therefore be allowed in all Cheddar cheeses.\n(9) The entry on \u2018Preparations of micro-organisms and enzymes\u2019 in Annex VI, Section B to Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91, as amended by Regulation (EC) No 780/2006, has been mistakenly inserted in the footnote. This entry should be printed in normal font and added as a separate entry. Annex VI should therefore be corrected accordingly, with effect from the date of application of Regulation (EC) No 780/2006.\n(10) Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(11) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee set up by Article 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91,\nAnnex VI to Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 15 February 2008.\nHowever, point (3)(f) of the Annex shall apply with effect from 1 December 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member Stat", "answer groups": ["mode of production", "food additive", "foodstuffs legislation", "enzyme", "gelatine", "cheese", "organic product", "non-alcoholic beverage", "acid", "food processing"], "distractor groups": ["head of government", "prefabrication", "extreme left", "disclosure of information", "ethnic cleansing"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0546/2010 of 22\u00a0June 2010 derogating from Regulation (EC) No\u00a0891/2009 for the 2009/2010 marketing year as regards the obligation to submit an export licence with import licence applications for CXL concessions sugar with order numbers 09.4317, 09.4318 and 09.4319\n23.6.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 156/1\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 546/2010\nof 22 June 2010\nderogating from Regulation (EC) No 891/2009 for the 2009/2010 marketing year as regards the obligation to submit an export licence with import licence applications for CXL concessions sugar with order numbers 09.4317, 09.4318 and 09.4319\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 148 in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Pursuant to Article 7(4) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 891/2009 of 25 September 2009 opening and providing for the administration of certain Community tariff quotas in the sugar sector\u00a0(2), import licence applications for CXL concessions sugar with order numbers 09.4317, 09.4318, 09.4319 and 09.4321 and for Balkan sugar are to be accompanied by the original of the export licences issued by the competent authorities of the third country concerned. Imports of CXL concessions sugar with order numbers 09.4317, 09.4318 and 09.4319 are subject to the payment of an in-quota rate of EUR 98 per tonne. Given the high world market prices for raw cane sugar which prevailed during the first months of the marketing year, which led to an underutilisation of the CXL concessions sugar, it is important to facilitate those imports by simplifying the administrative procedure. Therefore, a derogation should be provided for allowing import licence applications for CXL concessions sugar with those three order numbers to be submitted without the relevant export licence.\n(2) That derogation will have the effect of widening the access to the relevant import quotas to a larger number of operators. Operators who already obtained export licences should, however, be able to continue to apply for import licences during a short period of time before this Regulation becomes applicable.\n(3) The derogation provided for in this Regulation should only apply until the end of the 2009/2010 marketing year.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets,\nBy way of derogation from Article 7(4) of Regulation (EC) No 891/2009, import licence applications for CXL concessions sugar with order numbers 09.4317, 09.4318 and 09.4319 shall not be accompanied by the original of the export licences issued by the competent authorities of Australia, Brazil or Cuba.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 August 2010.\nThis Regulation shall expire on 30 September 2010.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import licence", "simplification of formalities", "sugar", "third country", "tariff quota", "export licence"], "distractor groups": ["large vehicle", "worker with disabilities", "farmers' income", "nutritional disease", "European Environment Agency", "natural fibre", "urban habitat", "medical law", "private international law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2013/253/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 29\u00a0May 2013 amending Decision 2006/473/EC as regards the recognition of certain third countries and certain areas of third countries as being free from Xanthomonas campestris (all strains pathogenic to Citrus), Cercospora angolensis Carv. et Mendes and Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus) (notified under document C(2013) 3057)\n31.5.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 145/35\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 29 May 2013\namending Decision 2006/473/EC as regards the recognition of certain third countries and certain areas of third countries as being free from Xanthomonas campestris (all strains pathogenic to Citrus), Cercospora angolensis Carv. et Mendes and Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus)\n(notified under document C(2013) 3057)\n(2013/253/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular points 16.2, 16.3 and 16.4 of Section I of Part A of Annex IV thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Commission Decision 2006/473/EC of 5 July 2006 recognising certain third countries and certain areas of third countries as being free from Xanthomonas campestris (all strains pathogenic to Citrus), Cercospora angolensis Carv. et Mendes and Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus)\u00a0(2) certain third countries and certain areas of third countries are recognised as being free from these harmful organisms.\n(2) Decision 2006/473/EC recognises Bangladesh as being free from Cercospora angolensis Carv. et Mendes and Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus). On the basis of the audit carried out in Bangladesh by the Food and Veterinary Office in June 2010 and in February 2013 it appears that Bangladesh should no longer be recognised as being free from these harmful organisms.\n(3) Decision 2006/473/EC recognises certain States of Brazil as being free from Xanthomonas campestris (all strains pathogenic to Citrus) and certain States of Brazil as being free from Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus). However, on the basis of information submitted by Brazil and the audit carried out in Brazil by the Food and Veterinary Office in November 2011, the States of Maranh\u00e3o, Mato Grosso and Roraima and the States of Amazonas, Bahia, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paran\u00e1 and Santa Catarina should no longer be recognised as being free from these harmful organisms respectively.\n(4) Decision 2006/473/EC recognises Ghana as being free from Cercospora angolensis Carv. et Mendes and Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus). On the basis of the audit carried out in Ghana by the Food and Veterinary Office in April-May 2012, it appears that Ghana should no longer be recognised as being free from these harmful organisms.\n(5) Decision 2006/473/EC recognises the United States as being free from Guignardia citricarpa Kiely (all strains pathogenic to Citrus). However, on the basis of the information submitted by the United States, the counties of Collier, Hendry and Polk located in the State of Florida should no longer be recognised as being free from the mentioned harmful organism.\n(6) Decision 2006/473/EC also recognises Sudan as a third country being free from Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic to Citrus. In 2011 South Sudan became an independent nation-state. Consequently, South Sudan should be listed in that Decision as a third country being free from Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic to Citrus.\n(7) Decision 2006/473/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nDecision 2006/473/EC is amended as follows:\n(1) Article 1 is amended as follows:\n(a) in paragraph 1, point (b) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(b) Africa: South Africa, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Sudan, South Sudan, Swaziland and Zimbabwe;\u2019;\n(b) in paragraph 2, point (b) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(b) Brazil, except the States of Maranh\u00e3o, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paran\u00e1, Rio Grande do Sul, Roraima, Santa Catarina and S\u00e3o Paulo;\u2019;\n(2) in Article 2, points (a) and (b) are replaced by the following:\n\u2018(a) all citrus-growing third countries in North, Central and South America, the Caribbean, Asia, except Bangladesh and Yemen, Europe and Oceania;\n(b) all citrus-growing third countries in Africa, except Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.\u2019;\n(3) Article 3 is amended as follows:\n(a) in paragraph 1, points (a), (b) and (c) are replaced by the following:\n\u2018(a) all citrus-growing third countries in North, Central and South America, except Argentina, Brazil and the United States, the Caribbean and Europe;\n(b) all citrus-growing third countries in Asia, except Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Philippines and Taiwan;\n(c) all citrus-growing third countries in Africa, except South Africa, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe;\u2019;\n(b) in paragraph 2, point (d) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(d) Brazil: all areas except the States of Amazonas, Bahia, Esp\u00edrito Santo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paran\u00e1, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and S\u00e3o Paulo.\u2019;\n(c) in paragraph 2, the following point (e) is added:\n\u2018(e) the United States: all areas except counties of Collier, Hendry and Polk located in the State of Florida.\u2019\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["Ghana", "Bangladesh", "United States", "plant health control", "plant disease", "South Sudan", "citrus fruit", "Brazil"], "distractor groups": ["European Broadcasting Union", "sea fishing", "Eurogroup (NATO)", "secondary legislation", "tax reform", "sanction (EU)", "price fixed in advance"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 297/2010 of 9 April 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 supplementing the common basic standards on civil aviation security (Text with EEA relevance)\n10.4.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 90/1\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 297/2010\nof 9 April 2010\namending Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 supplementing the common basic standards on civil aviation security\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation security and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2320/2002\u00a0(1) and in particular Article 4(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) General measures supplementing the common basic standards on civil aviation security should be adopted in the field of screening, access control and other security controls as well as in the field of prohibited articles, third country recognition of equivalence, staff recruitment, training, special security procedures and exemptions from security controls.\n(2) These general measures are necessary in order to achieve a common level of aviation security within the European Union to protect the travelling public from acts of unlawful interference. One-stop security is the main facilitating element offered by EU legislation. Therefore the harmonisation of screening methods is essential in order to maintain one-stop security within the EU including controls of liquids, aerosols and gels without impeding the benefits of the Single aviation market for EU citizens.\n(3) The Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 of 2 April 2009 supplementing the common basic standards on civil aviation security laid down in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2), details in its Part A.3 the methods of screening allowed for baggage, cargo and mail which is to be loaded into the hold of an aircraft. It is necessary from time to time to make provision for additional methods of screening shown to be effective for screening some or all types of cargo and to provide a legal basis for the development of detailed implementing measures. Metal detection equipment is considered to be an effective screening method for some types of cargo.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 does not provide for liquids, aerosols and gels to be considered as a category of articles that may be prohibited from introduction into security restricted areas and on board an aircraft. Instead Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 requires methods, including technologies, for detection of liquid explosives to be deployed on an EU-wide basis at airports as swiftly as possible, but no later than 29 April 2010.\n(5) It is now time to put an end to the restrictions on liquids, aerosols and gels, moving progressively from banning most liquids to a system of screening for liquid explosives. To this end, transitional arrangements beyond April 2010 are required to phase-in the deployment of detection methods, including technologies, at all EU airports without compromising aviation security. The concerns of the law enforcement community, aimed at preventing possible terrorist threats in the future, require an effective mechanism in place until airports are in a position to install reliable detection equipment. Therefore a new approach is needed. This should be achieved by 29 April 2013, the date by which all airports should have the capability to screen liquids, aerosols and gels.\n(6) However, such an approach should not prevent airports from deploying and using equipment at an earlier date, provided that the equipment meets the standards set by the implementing legislation adopted by the Commission. This way, airports would be able to facilitate the carriage of liquids, aerosols and gels by departing passengers by deploying, for example, screening equipment for liquid explosives at one security check lane. Furthermore, some airports may choose to install advanced equipment more quickly.\n(7) Given the need for flexibility on how to operate security measures at airports the common basic standards on civil aviation security remain strictly technology neutral. Member States and airports may choose the technologies to be deployed and operated most effectively and efficiently at airports from the available options listed in Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 amended herewith.\n(8) Operating screening equipment capable of detecting liquid explosives requires airports or other entities responsible for aviation security to procure and deploy equipment proven to comply with the technical standards adopted pursuant to Article 4(3) of Regulation (EC) No 300/2008. Member States should ensure that all regulatory requirements are in place to allow such equipment to be deployed in time to meet the deadlines referred to in this Regulation.\n(9) During the transitional period, passengers should be clearly informed of the EU airports applying liquid screening. Airports and airlines should cooperate to ensure that confiscation of liquids, aerosols and gels remains a means of last resort.\n(10) The general measures provided for by Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 should be amended to introduce rules allowing metal detection equipment to be used for the screening of hold baggage, cargo and mail, where appropriate and authorising phasing-in arrangements for liquids, aerosols and gels to be brought into the security restricted area or on board an aircraft to apply for a limited period of time, in order not to compromise standards of security.\n(11) Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(12) Developments of technological or regulatory nature both at EU and international level may affect the dates laid down in this Regulation. Where appropriate, the Commission may make proposals for revision, in particular taking into account the operability of equipment and passenger facilitation.\n(13) Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 shall apply in full as from the date specified in the implementing rules adopted in accordance with the procedures referred to in Article 4(2) and 4(3) of that Regulation but not later than 29 April 2010. This Regulation should therefore apply as from 29 April 2010 together with Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 and its supplementing and implementing acts.\n(14) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Civil Aviation Security set up by Article 19(1) of Regulation (EC) No 300/2008,\nThe Annex to Regulation (EC) No 272/2009 is amended as set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 29 April 2010.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["technical standard", "safety standard", "air safety", "harmonisation of standards", "civil aviation", "carriage of passengers"], "distractor groups": ["economic concentration", "slaughtered poultry", "industrial economy", "local budget", "blue-collar worker", "animal health", "Severoiztochen (Bulgaria)", "extremist party", "contract of carriage"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1485/82 of 10 June 1982 correcting Regulation (EEC) No 1328/82 amending for the 10th time Regulation (EEC) No 2793/77 on detailed rules of application for granting special aid for skimmed milk for use as feed for animals other than young calvese\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 1485/82\nof 10 June 1982\ncorrecting Regulation (EEC) No 1328/82 amending for the 10th time Regulation (EEC) No 2793/77 on detailed rules of application for granting special aid for skimmed milk for use as feed for animals other than young calves\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common organization of the market in milk and milk products (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1183/82 (2), and in particular Article 10 (3) thereof,\nWhereas Regulation (EEC) No 1328/82 (3) amended the ages of calves specified in Regulation (EEC) No 2793/77 (4); whereas this change made an adjustment in Article 4 of Regulation (EEC) No 2793/77 necessary; whereas this adjustment was omitted; whereas Regulation (EEC) No 1328/82 should therefore be corrected and the correction is in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Milk and Milk Products,\nThe following point 4 is added to Article 1 of Regulation (EEC) No 1328/82:\n'4. At the second indent of Article 4 (1) (c) the words '. . . maximum number of four month old calves . . .' are replaced by '. . . maximum number of young calves . . .'\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 12 June 1982.\nIt shall be applicable from 1 July 1982.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["skimmed milk", "aid to agriculture", "animal nutrition", "calf"], "distractor groups": ["production policy", "oilfield", "artist's resale right", "regulatory policy", "UN international covenant", "Nord-Pas-de-Calais", "paper money", "labour flexibility", "Friesland", "Isle of Man", "rights of the individual"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0179/2006 of 1 February 2006 introducing a system of import licences for apples imported from third countries\n2.2.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 29/26\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 179/2006\nof 1 February 2006\nintroducing a system of import licences for apples imported from third countries\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organisation of the market in fruit and vegetables\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 31(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Apple producers in the Community have recently found themselves in a difficult situation, due, among other things, to a significant increase in imports of apples from certain third countries of the Southern hemisphere.\n(2) The monitoring of the import of apples should therefore be improved. The appropriate instrument for achieving that objective is a mechanism based on issuing import licences subject to the provision of a security to ensure that the operations for which an import licence has been applied for are actually performed.\n(3) Commission Regulations (EC) No 1291/2000 of 9 June 2000 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of import and export licences and advance fixing certificates for agricultural products\u00a0(2) and (EEC) No 2220/85 of 22 July 1985 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of securities for agricultural products\u00a0(3) should apply.\n(4) The Management Committee for fresh Fruit and Vegetables has not delivered an opinion within the time-limit set by its chairman,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The release into free circulation of apples falling within CN code 0808\u00a010\u00a080 shall be subject to the presentation of an import licence.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000 shall apply to import licences issued under this Regulation.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Importers may submit import licence applications to the competent authorities of any Member State.\nThey shall enter the country of origin in box 8 of licence applications and mark the word \u2018yes\u2019 with a cross.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Importers shall lodge with their application a security in accordance with Title III of Regulation (EEC) No 2220/85 guaranteeing compliance with the commitment to import during the term of validity of the import licence. The security shall be EUR\u00a015 per tonne.\nExcept in cases of force majeure, the security shall be forfeited in whole or in part if the import is not carried out, or is carried out only partially, within the period of validity of the import licence.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Import licences shall be issued without delay to any applicant, irrespective of their place of establishment in the Community.\nThe country of origin shall be entered in box 8 of the import licence and the word \u2018yes\u2019 shall be marked with a cross.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Import licences shall be valid for three months.\nImport licences shall be valid only for imports originating in the country indicated.\nMember States shall report to the Commission, no later than 12 noon (Brussels time) on Wednesday each week, the quantities of apples for which import licences have been issued during the previous week, broken down by third country of origin.\nThese quantities shall be reported via the electronic system indicated by the Commission.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 February 2006.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["third country", "originating product", "import", "pip fruit", "import licence"], "distractor groups": ["woman", "investment cost", "agricultural insurance", "bipolarisation", "revision of financial perspectives", "school canteen", "resettlement of persons", "Vaslui", "Member of Parliament", "Greater Copenhagen"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01013/2009 of 26\u00a0October 2009 amending and correcting Regulation (EC) No\u00a02535/2001 laying down detailed rules for applying Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01255/1999 as regards the import arrangements for milk and milk products and opening tariff quotas\n27.10.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 280/46\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1013/2009\nof 26 October 2009\namending and correcting Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 laying down detailed rules for applying Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/1999 as regards the import arrangements for milk and milk products and opening tariff quotas\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 134, 144(1) and 192, in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 19(3) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001\u00a0(2) requires the importers to indicate certain elements on the composition of the cheeses, imported under the quotas referred to in Article 5 of that Regulation, in the import declaration. Consequently the competent authorities of the Member States have to notify the actual composition of certain cheeses, in case that certain contents exceed those referred to in Annex XIII to that Regulation. Although the information provided for in these notifications is useful, it is not indispensable for the market management. It is therefore appropriate, with a view on simplification and to alleviate the administrative burden on traders and national administrations, to delete Article 19(3) as well as Annex XIII to that Regulation.\n(2) Article 14(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 provides, as a general rule, that licence applications for imports during the period from 1 January to 30 June, under the quotas referred to under Chapter I of Title 2, may be lodged only from 20 to 30 November of the preceding year. For imports of butter from New Zealand as referred to in Article 34 of that Regulation, Article 34a(3) provides for the first 10 days of November to lodge licence applications for imports during the period from 1 January to 30 June and Article 35a(2) provides for a deadline for the communication from the Member States of the names and the addresses of the applicants, which takes account of the period set out in Article 34a(3). With a view on harmonisation and simplification, it is appropriate to extend the general rule to import licence applications for the New Zealand butter quota. Articles 34a and 35a should be amended accordingly.\n(3) The text of paragraph 1 of Article 39 of Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001, which was erroneously skipped by Commission Regulation (EC) No 2020/2006\u00a0(3), amending Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 should be reintroduced.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 2535/2001 should therefore be amended and corrected accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets,\nRegulation (EC) No 2535/2001 is amended as follows:\n1. paragraph 3 of Article 19 is deleted;\n2. paragraph 3 of Article 34a is replaced by the following:\n3. Article 35a is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following text:\n(b) in paragraph 2 the second subparagraph is replaced by the following:\n4. Article 39 is replaced by the following:\n5. Annex XIII is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["milk product", "import licence", "tariff quota", "disclosure of information", "import policy"], "distractor groups": ["exchange control", "safety device", "skin disease", "Oman", "bicameral system", "European Region", "pedestrian zone", "popular culture", "56 AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES", "growth point"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0426/2008 of 14 May 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01212/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain castings originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n17.5.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 129/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 426/2008\nof 14 May 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain castings originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (the \u2018basic Regulation\u2019),\nHaving regard to Article 1(4) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 of 25 July 2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain castings originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\u00a0(2),\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MEASURES IN FORCE\n(1) By Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005, the Council imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports into the Community of castings of non-malleable cast iron of a kind used to cover and/or give access to ground or sub-surface systems, and parts thereof, whether or not machined, coated or painted or fitted with other materials, excluding fire hydrants, originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (\u2018PRC\u2019) (\u2018the product concerned\u2019), normally declared within CN codes 7325\u00a010\u00a050, 7325\u00a010\u00a092 and ex\u00a07325\u00a010\u00a099 (TARIC code 7325109910). Given the large number of cooperating parties, a sample of Chinese exporting producers was selected during the investigation which led to the imposition of the measures.\n(2) The sampled companies were attributed the individual duty rates established during the investigation. The cooperating non-sampled companies which were granted market economy treatment (\u2018MET\u2019), in accordance with the provisions of Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation, were attributed the 0\u00a0% dumping duty which was established for the sole sampled company which was granted MET. The cooperating non-sampled companies which were granted individual treatment (\u2018IT\u2019), in accordance with the provisions of Article 9(5) of the basic Regulation, received the weighted average duty of 28,6\u00a0% established for the sampled companies that were granted IT. A countrywide duty of 47,8\u00a0% was imposed on all other companies.\n(3) Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 gives the possibility to Chinese exporting producers which meet the four criteria set out in that Article to be granted the same treatment as the one mentioned in recital (2) above for the cooperating companies not included in the sample (\u2018New Exporting Producer Treatment\u2019 or \u2018NEPT\u2019).\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NEW EXPORTING PRODUCERS' REQUESTS\n(4) Nine companies have requested to be granted NEPT.\n(5) An examination has been carried out to determine whether each of the applicants fulfils the criteria for being granted NEPT as set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005, by verifying that:\n1. it did not export to the Community the products described in recital (1) above during the investigation period (1 April 2003 to 31 March 2004);\n2. it is not related to any of the exporters or producers in the People\u2019s Republic of China which are subject to the anti-dumping measures imposed by that Regulation;\n3. it has actually exported to the Community the products concerned after the investigation period on which the measures are based, or it has entered into an irrevocable contractual obligation to export a significant quantity to the Community;\n4. it operates under market economy conditions defined in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation or alternatively that it fulfils the requirements to have an individual duty in accordance with Article 9(5) of the basic Regulation.\n(6) Since the fourth criterion implies that the applicants submit a claim for MET or IT, the Commission sent MET and IT claim forms to all Chinese applicants. All Chinese applicant companies requested MET pursuant to Article 2(7) of the basic Regulation.\n(7) Briefly, and for ease of reference only, the MET criteria are set out in summarised form below:\n1. business decisions and costs are made in response to market signals and without significant State interference; and costs of major inputs substantially reflect market values;\n2. firms have one clear set of basic accounting records which are independently audited in line with international accounting standards\u00a0(3) and are applied for all purposes;\n3. there are no significant distortions carried over from the former non-market economy system;\n4. bankruptcy and property laws guarantee legal certainty and stability;\n5. exchange-rate conversions are carried out at market rates.\n(8) Questionnaires were sent to all applicants who were asked to supply evidence to demonstrate that they met the criteria mentioned above.\n(9) Exporting producers fulfilling these criteria may be granted the duty rate applicable to the cooperating companies not included in the sample, pursuant to Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005.\nC.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINDINGS\n(10) One Chinese company requesting NEPT did not submit any reply to the questionnaire and one company did not submit any reply to a deficiency letter of their questionnaire reply. It was therefore not possible to verify whether these companies fulfilled the criteria set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 and their request had to be rejected. These companies were informed that their application would not be considered any further and were given the opportunity to comment. No comments were received.\n(11) Seven companies submitted complete replies to the questionnaires. The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed necessary for the purpose of the determination of the fourth criterion (MET/IT) set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005. Verification visits were carried out at the premises of the seven following companies:\n\u2014 Wuxi Norlong Foundry Co. Ltd (Wuxi New District, Jiangsu) (\u2018Norlong\u2019),\n\u2014 Baoding City Maikesaier Casting Ltd (Xinanli, Hebei) (\u2018Maikesaier\u2019),\n\u2014 XianXian Guozhuang Precision Casting Co. Ltd (Guozhuang, Hebei) (\u2018XianXian\u2019),\n\u2014 Changsha Wuxing Foundry Co. Ltd (Wangcheng County, Changsha) (\u2018Wuxing\u2019) and related company Changsha J\u00a0&\u00a0J Sunshine Machinery and Electronic Co. Ltd (189 Wuyi Road, Changsha) (\u2018Sunshine\u2019),\n\u2014 Baoding Yuehai Machine Manufacturing Co. Ltd (Baoding, Hebei) (\u2018Yuehai\u2019),\n\u2014 HanDan County Yan Yuan Smelting and Casting Co. Ltd (Han Dan County, Hebei) (\u2018Yan Yuan\u2019),\n\u2014 Tianjin Loiselet Art Casting Co. Ltd (Jinghai, Tianjin) (\u2018Loiselet\u2019).\n(12) For each of the seven companies visited, it was verified whether the four criteria mentioned at recital (5) above were met.\n(13) For two Chinese exporting producers, Maikesaier and Yuehai, the examination of the information submitted showed that they had provided sufficient evidence to prove that they meet the four criteria set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 and, concerning the last criterion, that they meet the five conditions for MET. Therefore, these two producers can be granted the weighted average duty rate for companies granted MET applicable to the cooperating companies not included in the sample (i.e. 0\u00a0%) in accordance with Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 and be added to the list of exporting producers of Article 1(2) of that Regulation.\n(14) Four Chinese exporting producers, Norlong, XianXian, Yan Yuan and Loiselet provided sufficient evidence to prove that they meet the four criteria set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005. However, concerning the last criterion, they could not show that they meet the conditions to be granted MET.\n(15) For Norlong it was found that it had received a substantial public land-use right refund. Criterion 3 for MET was therefore not considered to be fulfilled. It was also concluded that in the light of the fact that criterion 3 could not be met, a final determination concerning criterion 1 could not be made. However, no evidence was found that this company did not fulfil the five criteria for IT.\n(16) For XianXian it was found that it could not fulfil criteria 1, 2 and 3 for MET. The company did not submit sufficient evidence to show that it operated under market economy conditions and that its costs reflected market values. Furthermore, the company was found not to have one clear set of accounting standards audited in line with international accounting standards. Finally, it was found that the company had obtained land rent contracts at abnormally low prices in both absolute and relative figures.\n(17) It was found that Yan Yuan did not meet criterion 2 for MET. The 2006 accounts of this company had not been audited, contrary to Chinese law and international accounting standards, and other accounting irregularities were also discovered, notably the fact that raw materials were purchased from private individuals, without invoicing.\n(18) For Loiselet it was found that criteria 2 and 3 for MET were not met. In particular, it was established that most of the company\u2019s main assets did not appear in the accounts of the company. It also appeared that rental agreement for the land and buildings of the plant was not respected.\n(19) In view of the conclusions reached on the accounting practices of XianXian, Yan Yuan and Loiselet, it cannot be concluded that their export prices are reliable enough to be used for an individual dumping margin calculation and therefore it cannot be concluded whether they fulfil the second criterion for IT. All other four criteria for IT are met. However, considering the fact, that their export prices would not be used to calculate the dumping margin, if these three companies fell under the weighted average duty rate of 28,6\u00a0% calculated for the sampled companies granted IT in the original investigation, it is concluded that, in the context of this examination, these companies can be granted the same treatment as those falling under the weighted average duty rate.\n(20) Therefore, Norlong, XianXian, Yan Yuan and Loiselet can be granted the weighted average duty rate for companies granted IT applicable to the cooperating companies not included in the sample (i.e. 28,6\u00a0%) in accordance with Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 and be added to the list of exporting producers of Article 1(2) of that Regulation.\n(21) Wuxing was found not to provide sufficient evidence to show to be the producer of the product concerned exported to the EC. Therefore, this producer did not fulfil the third criterion set out in Article 1(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005, and its request for NEPT was therefore rejected.\nD.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MODIFICATION OF THE LIST OF COMPANIES BENEFITING FROM INDIVIDUAL DUTY RATES\n(22) In consideration of the findings of the investigation as indicated in recital (13) above, it is concluded that the companies Maikesaier and Yuehai should be added to the list of individual companies mentioned under Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 with a duty rate of 0\u00a0%.\n(23) For the companies Norlong, XianXian, Yan Yuan and Loiselet, based on the findings of the investigation indicated in recitals (14) to (20) above, it is concluded that these four companies should be added to the list of individual companies mentioned under Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 with a duty rate of 28,6\u00a0%.\n(24) The company Wuxing, considering the findings of the investigation as indicated in recital (21) above, cannot be granted NEPT and should therefore remain subject to the residual duty of 47,8\u00a0% according to Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005.\n(25) All the applicants and the community industry have been informed of the findings of the investigation and have had the opportunity to submit their comments. Following disclosure, comments were received from Norlong, XianXian and Loiselet. No additional information was brought forward permitting to lead to any different conclusions for any of the three companies,\nArticle 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1212/2005 shall be replaced by the following:\n\u20182.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The rate of the definitive anti-dumping duty applicable to the net, free-at-Community-frontier price, before duty, for products described in paragraph 1 and produced in the People\u2019s Republic of China by the companies listed below shall be as follows:\nCompany Anti-dumping duty TARIC additional code\nShijiazhuang Transun Metal Products Co. Ltd, Xinongcheng\nLiulintun, Luancheng County, Shijiazhuang City,\nHebei Province, 051430 PRC\nShaoshan Huanqiu Castings Foundry, Fengjia Village,\nYingtian Township, Shaoshan, Hunan, PRC\nFengtai Handan Alloy Casting Co. Ltd,\nBeizhangzhuang Town, Handan County, Hebei, PRC\nShanxi Jiaocheng Xinglong Casting Co. Ltd,\nJiaocheng County, Shanxi Province, PRC\nTianjin Jinghai Chaoyue Industrial and Commercial Co. Ltd,\nGuan Pu Tou Village, Yang Cheng Zhuang Town,\nJinghai District, 301617 Tianjin, PRC\nBaoding City Maikesaier Casting Ltd,\nXin\u2019anli Town, Tang County\nHebei, Baoding 072350, PRC\nBaoding Yuehai Machine Manufacturing Co. Ltd,\nNo 333 Building A Tian E West Road,\nBaoding, Hebei, PRC\nShanxi Yuansheng Casting and Forging Industrial Co. Ltd,\nNo 8 DiZangAn, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030002, PRC\nBotou City Simencum Town Bai fo Tang Casting Factory,\nBai Fo Tang Village, Si Men Cum Town, Bo Tou City,\n062159, Hebei Province, PRC\nHebei Shunda Foundry Co. Ltd, Qufu Road, Quyang,\n073100, PRC\nXianXian Guozhuang Precision Casting Co. Ltd,\nGuli Village, Xian County,\nHebei, Gouzhuang, PRC\nWuxi Norlong Foundry Co. Ltd,\nWuxi New District,\nJiangsu, PRC\nHanDan County Yan Yuan Smelting and Casting Co. Ltd,\nSouth of Hu Cun Village, Hu Cun Town,\nHan Dan County, Hebei, PRC\nTianjin Loiselet Art Casting Co. Ltd,\nDongzhuangke, Yangchenzhuang,\nJinghai, Tianjin, PRC\nChangan Cast Limited Company of Yixian Hebei,\nTaiyuan Main Street, Yi County, Hebei Province,\n074200, PRC\nShandong Huijin Stock Co. Ltd, North of Kouzhen Town,\nLaiwu City, Shandong Province, 271114, PRC\nAll other companies 47,8 A999\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["anti-dumping legislation", "road services department", "iron and steel product", "cast-iron", "anti-dumping duty", "China", "import", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["free-at-frontier price", "modernisation aid", "parliamentary system", "Languedoc-Roussillon", "work study", "floor coverings", "public insurance"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/102/EC: Commission Decision of 26 January 2004 approving contingency plans for the control of avian influenza and of Newcastle disease (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2004) 110)\nCommission Decision\nof 26 January 2004\napproving contingency plans for the control of avian influenza and of Newcastle disease\n(notified under document number C(2004) 110)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2004/102/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 92/40/EEC of 19 May 1992 introducing Community measures for the control of avian influenza(1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 806/2003(2), and in particular Article 17(4) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 92/66/EEC of 14 July 1992 introducing Community measures for the control of Newcastle disease(3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 806/2003, and in particular Article 21(4) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 2000/680/EC of 30 October 2000 approving contingency plans for the control of avian influenza and of Newcastle disease(4) has been substantially amended(5). In the interests of clarity and rationality the said Decision should be codified.\n(2) Avian influenza and Newcastle disease are diseases which both affect avian species.\n(3) The criteria to be applied when drawing up contingency plans for the control of avian influenza and for Newcastle disease are laid down in Annex VI to Directive 92/40/EEC and in Annex VII to Directive 92/66/EEC, respectively.\n(4) The criteria for contingency plans listed in those two annexes are identical.\n(5) Disease control measures to be applied in the event of outbreaks of avian influenza or Newcastle disease follow the same principles and involve poultry producers, operators of slaughterhouses and rendering plants, veterinarians in the field and diagnostic laboratories. It is therefore possible to prepare a contingency plan which covers at the same time avian influenza and Newcastle disease.\n(6) Member States have submitted for approval national contingency plans which list and specify the measures to be carried out in the event of outbreaks of avian influenza and Newcastle disease.\n(7) After examination these plans fulfil the criteria laid down and permit the desired objective to be attained subject to an effective implementation.\n(8) Member States shall carry out scenario studies and simulation exercises in order to ensure the effectiveness of the plans.\n(9) Member States have the obligation to update the plans on a regular basis.\n(10) The measures provided for in this decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe contingency plans for the control of avian influenza and for Newcastle disease submitted by the Member States listed in Annex I are approved.\nDecision 2000/680/EC is repealed.\nReferences to the repealed Decision shall be construed as references to this Decision and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex III.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["veterinary inspection", "EU Member State", "animal disease", "poultry farming", "disease prevention", "slaughter of animals"], "distractor groups": ["sound insulation", "EAEC", "Second World War", "misuse of a right", "information profession", "land restructuring", "Adriatic Croatia", "net recipient", "single-crop farming"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01695/2005 of 17 October 2005 opening a standing invitation to tender for the export of common wheat held by the French intervention agency\n18.10.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 272/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1695/2005\nof 17 October 2005\nopening a standing invitation to tender for the export of common wheat held by the French intervention agency\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93\u00a0(2) lays down the procedure and conditions for the disposal of cereals held by intervention agencies.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92\u00a0(3) lays down common detailed rules for verifying the use and/or destination of products from intervention.\n(3) Given the current market situation, a standing invitation to tender should be opened for the export of 500\u00a0000 tonnes of common wheat held by the French intervention agency.\n(4) Special rules must be laid down to ensure that the operations are properly carried out and monitored. To that end, securities should be lodged to ensure that the goals of the operation are achieved without excessive cost to the operators. Derogations should accordingly be made to certain rules, in particular those laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93.\n(5) To forestall reimportation, exports under this invitation to tender should be limited to certain third countries.\n(6) With a view to modernising the management of the system, provision should be made for the electronic transmission of the information required by the Commission.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nSubject to this Regulation, the French intervention agency shall issue a standing invitation to tender in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 for the export of common wheat held by it.\nThe invitation to tender shall cover a maximum of 500\u00a0000 tonnes of common wheat for export to third countries with the exception of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Liechtenstein, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro\u00a0(4) and Switzerland.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0No export refund or tax or monthly increase shall be granted on exports carried out under this Regulation.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Article 8(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 shall not apply.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Notwithstanding the third paragraph of Article 16 of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93, the price to be paid for the export shall be that quoted in the tender, without monthly increase.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Export licences shall be valid from their date of issue within the meaning of Article 9 of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 until the end of the fourth month thereafter.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders submitted in response to this invitation to tender need not be accompanied by export licence applications submitted under Article 49 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1291/2000\u00a0(5).\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Notwithstanding Article 7(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93, the time limit for submission of tenders under the first partial invitation to tender shall be 09.00 (Brussels time) on 26 October 2005.\nThe time limit for submitting tenders under subsequent partial invitations to tender shall be 09.00 (Brussels time) each Thursday thereafter, with the exception of 3 November and 29 December 2005 and 13 April and 25 May 2006, there being no invitation to tender in the weeks concerned.\nThe last partial invitation to tender shall expire at 09.00 (Brussels time) on 22 June 2006.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders must be lodged with the French intervention agency:\nOffice national interprofessionnel des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales\n21, avenue Bosquet\nF-75007 Paris\nFax (33) 1 44 18 20 08/80\nThe intervention agency, the storer and a successful tenderer shall, at the request of the latter and by common agreement, either before or at the time of removal from storage as the tenderer chooses, take reference samples for counter-analysis at the rate of at least one sample for every 500 tonnes and shall analyse the samples. The intervention agency may be represented by a proxy, provided this is not the storer.\nReference samples for counter-analysis shall be taken and analysed within seven working days of the date of the successful tenderer's request or within three working days if the samples are taken on removal from storage.\nIn the event of a dispute, the analysis results shall be forwarded electronically to the Commission.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The successful tenderer must accept the lot as established if the final result of the sample analyses indicates a quality:\n(a) higher than that specified in the notice of invitation to tender;\n(b) higher than the minimum characteristics laid down for intervention but below the quality described in the notice of invitation to tender, providing that the differences having regard to those criteria do not exceed the following limits:\n\u2014 one kilogram per hectolitre as regards specific weight, which must not, however, be less than 75\u00a0kg/hl,\n\u2014 one percentage point as regards moisture content,\n\u2014 half a percentage point as regards the impurities specified in points B.2 and B.4 of the Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 824/2000\u00a0(6), and half a percentage point as regards the impurities referred to in point B.5 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 824/2000, the admissible percentages for noxious grains and ergot remaining unchanged, however.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the final result of the analyses carried out on the samples indicates a quality higher than the minimum characteristics laid down for intervention but below the quality described in the notice of invitation to tender and the difference exceeds the limits set out in paragraph 1(b), the successful tenderer may:\n(a) accept the lot as established, or\n(b) refuse to take over the lot concerned.\nIn the case of (b) above, the successful tenderer shall be discharged of all obligations relating to the lot in question and the securities shall be released provided the Commission and the intervention agency are immediately notified using the form in Annex I.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where the final result of sample analyses indicates a quality below the minimum characteristics laid down for intervention, the successful tenderer may not remove the lot in question. The successful tenderer shall be discharged of all obligations relating to the lot in question and the securities shall be released provided the Commission and the intervention agency are immediately notified using the form in Annex I.\nShould the cases mentioned in Article 7(2)(b) and 7(3) arise, the successful tenderer may ask the intervention agency to supply an alternative lot of common wheat of the requisite quality, at no extra cost. In that case, the security shall not be released. The lot must be replaced within three days of the date of the successful tenderer\u2019s request. The successful tenderer shall immediately inform the Commission thereof using the form in Annex I.\nIf, following successive replacements, the successful tenderer has not received a replacement lot of the quality laid down within one month of the date of the request for a replacement, the successful tenderer shall be discharged of all obligations and the securities shall be released, provided the Commission and the intervention agency have been immediately informed using the form in Annex I.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the common wheat is removed before the results of the analyses provided for in Article 6 are known, all risks shall be borne by the successful tenderer from the time the lot is removed, without prejudice to any means of redress the tenderer might have against the storer.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The costs of taking the samples and conducting the analyses provided for in Article 6, with the exception of those referred to in Article 7(3), shall be borne by the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF) for up to one analysis per 500 tonnes, with the exception of the cost of inter-bin transfers. The costs of inter-bin transfers and any additional analyses requested by a successful tenderer shall be borne by that tenderer.\n0\nNotwithstanding Article 12 of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92, the documents relating to the sale of common wheat under this Regulation, and in particular the export licence, the removal order referred to in Article 3(1)(b) of Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92, the export declaration and, where applicable, the T5 copy shall carry one of the entries set out in Annex II.\n1\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The security lodged under Article 13(4) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 shall be released once the export licences have been issued to the successful tenderers.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Notwithstanding Article 17(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93, the obligation to export shall be covered by a security equal to the difference between the intervention price applying on the day of the award and the price awarded, but not less than EUR\u00a025 per tonne. Half of the security shall be lodged when the licence is issued and the balance shall be lodged before the cereals are removed.\n2\nWithin two hours of the expiry of the time limit for the submission of tenders, the French intervention agency shall electronically notify the Commission of tenders received. This notification shall be made by e-mail, using the form in Annex III.\n3\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["France", "export", "common wheat", "award of contract", "intervention agency"], "distractor groups": ["perishable goods", "cycle track", "sluice-gate price", "civil service", "medical error", "urban transport", "profit sharing", "Calabria", "structural unemployment", "livestock unit"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01555/2006 of 18 October 2006 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01039/2006 on opening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of sugar held by the intervention agencies of Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia and Sweden\n19.10.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 288/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1555/2006\nof 18 October 2006\namending Regulation (EC) No 1039/2006 on opening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of sugar held by the intervention agencies of Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia and Sweden\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 318/2006 of 20 February 2006 on the common organisation of the market in the sugar sector\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 40(2)(d) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The quantities for resale stated in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1039/2006\u00a0(2) reflect the state of the intervention stocks on 30 June 2006. Since this date, quantities have been sold by the intervention agencies and in the case of Germany, there are no intervention stocks remaining.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1539/2006 of 13 October 2006 adopting a plan allocating resources to the Member States to be charged against the 2007 budget year for the supply of food from intervention stocks for the benefit of the most deprived persons in the Community\u00a0(3) states that 33\u00a0224 tonnes of sugar in storage must be withdrawn from the Community's intervention stocks for distribution in the Member States in accordance with Annex I to this Regulation.\n(3) These quantities should be taken into account in the sale by standing invitation to tender on the Community internal market.\n(4) In order to ensure proper management of sugar in storage, provision should be made for a communication from the Member States on the quantities actually sold.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 1039/2006 should be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Sugar,\nRegulation (EC) No 1039/2006 is amended as follows:\n1. The title is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 1 is replaced by the following:\n3. The following paragraph is added to Article 4:\n4. Annex I is replaced by Annex I to this Regulation.\n5. An Annex III of which the text is set out in Annex II to this Regulation is added.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["sugar", "sale", "EU Member State", "single market", "award of contract", "intervention agency"], "distractor groups": ["man-made fibre", "health insurance", "Community support framework", "economic liberalism", "help desk", "international adoption", "palliative care", "self-determination", "embryo and foetus"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/729/CFSP: Council Decision 2011/729/CFSP of 10\u00a0November 2011 amending Decision 2011/137/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Libya\n11.11.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 293/35\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2011/729/CFSP\nof 10 November 2011\namending Decision 2011/137/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Libya\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 28 February 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/137/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Libya\u00a0(1), implementing United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1970 (2011).\n(2) On 23 March 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/178/CFSP\u00a0(2) amending Decision 2011/137/CFSP and implementing UNSCR 1973 (2011).\n(3) On 22 September 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/625/CFSP\u00a0(3) amending Decision 2011/137/CFSP and implementing UNSCR 2009 (2011).\n(4) On 27 October 2011, the United Nations Security Council adopted UNSCR 2016 (2011) which decided that the provisions of paragraphs 6 to 12 of UNSCR 1973 (2011) should be terminated on 31 October 2011.\n(5) Decision 2011/137/CFSP should be amended accordingly,\nArticle 3a of Decision 2011/137/CFSP is hereby deleted.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["Libya", "air traffic", "international sanctions", "air traffic control"], "distractor groups": ["political group (EP)", "Norrbotten county", "labour code", "barring of penalties by limitation", "North Jutland (county)", "personality", "Maramures", "Dolj", "video library", "Antarctica", "agricultural productivity"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/380/EC: Commission Decision of 28 April 2005 establishing a group of non-governmental experts on corporate governance and company law\n19.5.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 126/40\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 28 April 2005\nestablishing a group of non-governmental experts on corporate governance and company law\n(2005/380/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Commission Action Plan on Modernising Company Law and Enhancing Corporate Governance in the European Union\u00a0(1) adopted in May 2003 identified a series of actions that are required in order to modernise, complete and simplify the regulatory framework for company law and corporate governance.\n(2) That Action Plan recognises the importance of expert and public consultation as an integral part of the development of company law and corporate governance at Community level.\n(3) The group of non-governmental experts on corporate governance and company law should therefore be established to serve as a body for reflection, debate and advice to the Commission in the field of corporate governance and company law, in particular in connection with the measures foreseen in the Action Plan; it is therefore appropriate to provide for the presence in this group of particularly well-qualified persons, active in the business and the academic communities or the civil society, capable of bringing their specific knowledge of corporate governance and company law at Community level.\n(4) The group of non-governmental experts on corporate governance and company law should draw up its own Rules of Procedure and fully respect the role and the prerogatives of the institutions,\nA group of non-governmental experts on corporate governance and company law in the Community (hereinafter referred to as \u2018the Group\u2019) is established.\nThe role of the Group shall be to provide technical advice to the Commission on the Commission\u2019s initiatives in the field of corporate governance and company law at the Commission\u2019s request. The chairman of the Group may suggest that the Commission consults the Group on any related matter.\nThe Group shall comprise a maximum of 20 members, from the business and the academic communities or the civil society, whose experience and competence regarding corporate governance and company law issues are widely recognised at Community level. The members of the Group shall be appointed by the Commission. Appointment shall be in a personal capacity. Members of the Group shall provide advice to the Commission independently of any outside instruction.\nThe list of members is reproduced in the Annex.\nThe term of office of members of the Group shall be three years. It shall be renewable. After the expiry of the three-year period, members of the Group shall remain in office until they are replaced or their appointments are renewed. In the event of resignation or death of a member of the Group during the period of appointment the Commission shall appoint a new member of the Group in accordance with Article 3.\nThe list of members shall be published by the Commission in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThe Group shall be chaired by a representative of the Commission.\nThe Group, in agreement with the Commission, may set up working groups to study specific subjects on the basis of a mandate. The working groups will be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled.\nThe Commission may invite experts and observers with specific knowledge to participate in the work of the Group and/or of the working groups.\nThe Group and the working groups shall normally meet at the Commission premises, in the form and according to the timetable determined by the Commission.\nThe Group shall adopt its Rules of Procedure on the basis of a draft presented by the Commission.\nThe Secretariat of the Group shall be provided by the Commission. Interested staff members from the Commission may be present at meetings of the Group and of the working groups and may take part in the debates.\nThe Commission may publish on the Internet, in the original language of the document concerned, any conclusion, summary, part conclusion or working paper relating to the Group or its working groups.\nTravel and subsistence expenses incurred by members, observers and experts, in connection with the activities of the Group, shall be reimbursed by the Commission in accordance with the provisions in force within the Commission. Their functions shall not be remunerated.\nThis Decision shall apply until 27 April 2008", "answer groups": ["company law", "advisory committee (EU)", "appointment of staff", "corporate governance"], "distractor groups": ["Indonesia", "political philosophy", "draft budget (EU)", "electrical energy", "non-standard employment", "chronic illness", "stability programme", "herd conversion", "Saarland", "solar architecture", "performance measurement"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No 304/2010 of 9 April 2010 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum residue levels for 2-phenylphenol in or on certain products (Text with EEA relevance)\n15.4.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 94/1\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 304/2010\nof 9 April 2010\namending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum residue levels for 2-phenylphenol in or on certain products\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 February 2005 on maximum residue levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin and amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 14(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) 2-phenylphenol is an active substance belonging to the fourth stage of the review programme of Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(2) for which the assessment report was presented to the Commission on 19 December 2008 in the format of the EFSA Scientific Report for 2-phenylphenol\u00a0(3). That report includes the opinion of the European Food Safety Authority, hereinafter \u2018the Authority\u2019, on the necessity of setting MRLs for that active substance in accordance with Article 12(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, and a proposal for such MRLs.\n(2) The Authority examined in particular the risks to consumers and animals. It evaluated the representative use as a post harvest fungicide on citrus and pears and concluded that, based on the available information, a maximum residue level (MRL) of 5\u00a0mg/kg should be set provisionally for the notified use on citrus fruit by drench application. In order to confirm the risk assessment, the Authority requested confirmation that the analytical method applied in the residue trials correctly quantifies the residues of 2-phenylphenol, 2-phenylhydroquinone and their conjugates. In addition, the Authority concluded that the notifier should submit two additional residue trials on citrus fruit and valid storage stability studies. As regards the notified use on pears, the Authority could not propose any MRL because the submitted residue data were not acceptable. In the absence of a specific MRL, the lowest limit of analytical determination should apply.\n(3) The risk assessment carried out by the Authority took into account the most recent information on the toxicological properties of 2-phenylphenol. It showed that an MRL of 5\u00a0mg/kg for citrus fruit is acceptable with regard to consumer safety on the basis of a consumer exposure assessment for 27 specific European consumer groups. The lifetime exposure assessment via consumption of all food products that may contain 2-phenylphenol showed that there is no risk that the acceptable daily intake (ADI) is exceeded. As an acute reference dose (ARfD) is not necessary for 2-phenylphenol, there was no need to evaluate the short term exposure.\n(4) The Commission invited the notifier to submit its comments on the EFSA Scientific report for 2-phenylphenol, including the proposed MRLs. The notifier submitted its comments, which have been carefully examined.\n(5) Based on the Scientific Report of the Authority and taking into account the factors relevant to the matter under consideration, the proposed MRLs fulfil the requirements of Article 14(2) of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and neither the European Parliament nor the Council has opposed them,\nAnnex II to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 2011.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["pesticide", "crop production", "food safety", "foodstuff", "European standard", "animal nutrition", "public health", "foodstuffs legislation", "animal product"], "distractor groups": ["pesticide residue", "electrical energy", "claim", "by-catch", "foreign currency", "coup d'\u00e9tat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0829/2013 of 29\u00a0August 2013 approving the active substance Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No\u00a01107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0540/2011 Text with EEA relevance\n30.8.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 232/29\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 829/2013\nof 29 August 2013\napproving the active substance Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 13(2) and Article 78(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Article 80(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(2) is to apply, with respect to the procedure and the conditions for approval, to active substances for which a decision has been adopted in accordance with Article 6(3) of that Directive before 14 June 2011. For Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 the conditions of Article 80(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 are fulfilled by Commission Decision 2008/599/EC\u00a0(3).\n(2) In accordance with Article 6(2) of Directive 91/414/EEC the Netherlands received on 28 August 2007 an application from Sourcon-Padena GmbH & Co. KG for the inclusion of the active substance Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC. Decision 2008/599/EC confirmed that the dossier was \u2018complete\u2019 in the sense that it could be considered as satisfying, in principle, the data and information requirements of Annexes II and III to Directive 91/414/EEC.\n(3) For that active substance, the effects on human and animal health and the environment have been assessed, in accordance with the provisions of Article 6(2) and (4) of Directive 91/414/EEC, for the uses proposed by the applicant. The designated rapporteur Member State submitted a draft assessment report on 3 November 2009.\n(4) The draft assessment report was reviewed by the Member States and the European Food Safety Authority (hereinafter \u2018the Authority\u2019). The Authority presented to the Commission its conclusion\u00a0(4) on the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 on 12 November 2012. The draft assessment report and the conclusion of the Authority were reviewed by the Member States and the Commission within the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and finalised on 16 July 2013 in the format of the Commission review report for Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134.\n(5) It has appeared from the various examinations made that plant protection products containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 may be expected to satisfy, in general, the requirements laid down in Article 5(1)(a) and (b) and Article 5(3) of Directive 91/414/EEC, in particular with regard to the uses which were examined and detailed in the Commission review report. It is therefore appropriate to approve Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134.\n(6) In accordance with Article 13(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 in conjunction with Article 6 thereof and in the light of current scientific and technical knowledge, it is, however, necessary to include certain conditions and restrictions. It is, in particular, appropriate to require further confirmatory information.\n(7) A reasonable period should be allowed to elapse before approval in order to permit Member States and the interested parties to prepare themselves to meet the new requirements resulting from the approval.\n(8) Without prejudice to the obligations provided for in Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 as a consequence of approval, taking into account the specific situation created by the transition from Directive 91/414/EEC to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, the following should, however, apply. Member States should be allowed a period of six months after approval to review authorisations of plant protection products containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134. Member States should, as appropriate, vary, replace or withdraw authorisations. By way of derogation from that deadline, a longer period should be provided for the submission and assessment of the complete Annex III dossier, as set out in Directive 91/414/EEC, of each plant protection product for each intended use in accordance with the uniform principles.\n(9) The experience gained from inclusions in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC of active substances assessed in the framework of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3600/92 of 11 December 1992 laying down the detailed rules for the implementation of the first stage of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of Council Directive 91/414/EEC concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market\u00a0(5) has shown that difficulties can arise in interpreting the duties of holders of existing authorisations in relation to access to data. In order to avoid further difficulties it therefore appears necessary to clarify the duties of the Member States, especially the duty to verify that the holder of an authorisation demonstrates access to a dossier satisfying the requirements of Annex II to that Directive. However, this clarification does not impose any new obligations on Member States or holders of authorisations compared to the Directives which have been adopted until now amending Annex I to that Directive or the Regulations approving active substances.\n(10) In accordance with Article 13(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, the Annex to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the list of approved active substances\u00a0(6) should be amended accordingly.\n(11) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nApproval of active substance\nThe active substance Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134, as specified in Annex I, is approved subject to the conditions laid down in that Annex.\nRe-evaluation of plant protection products\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, where necessary, amend or withdraw existing authorisations for plant protection products containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 as an active substance by 31 July 2014.\nBy that date they shall in particular verify that the conditions in Annex I to this Regulation are met, with the exception of those identified in the column on specific provisions of that Annex, and that the holder of the authorisation has, or has access to, a dossier satisfying the requirements of Annex II to Directive 91/414/EEC in accordance with the conditions of Article 13(1) to (4) of that Directive and Article 62 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from paragraph 1, for each authorised plant protection product containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 as either the only active substance or as one of several active substances, all of which were listed in the Annex to Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 by 31 January 2014 at the latest, Member States shall re-evaluate the product in accordance with the uniform principles, as referred to in Article 29(6) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, on the basis of a dossier satisfying the requirements of Annex III to Directive 91/414/EEC and taking into account the column on specific provisions of Annex I to this Regulation. On the basis of that evaluation, they shall determine whether the product satisfies the conditions set out in Article 29(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.\nFollowing that determination Member States shall:\n(a) in the case of a product containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 as the only active substance, where necessary, amend or withdraw the authorisation by 31 July 2015 at the latest; or\n(b) in the case of a product containing Pseudomonas sp. strain DSMZ 13134 as one of several active substances, where necessary, amend or withdraw the authorisation by 31 July 2015 or by the date fixed for such an amendment or withdrawal in the respective act or acts which added the relevant substance or substances to Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC or approved that substance or those substances, whichever is the latest.\nAmendments to Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011\nThe Annex to Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011 is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation.\nEntry into force and date of application\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 February 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["market approval", "plant health control", "withdrawal from the market", "pesticide"], "distractor groups": ["company research", "luxury products industry", "computer virus", "swap arrangement", "Benelux", "veal", "digital technology", "ECSC individual Decision", "citizen-authority relations", "financial management", "self-employed person"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/402/EC: Commission Decision of 23 May 2005 on emergency measures regarding chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil (notified under document number C(2005) 1454) (Text with EEA relevance)\n28.5.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 135/34\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 May 2005\non emergency measures regarding chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil\n(notified under document number C(2005) 1454)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/402/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 53(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 the Commission is to suspend the placing on the market or use of a food or feed that is likely to constitute a serious risk to human health, or take any other appropriate interim measure when such risk cannot be contained satisfactorily by means of measures taken by the Member States concerned.\n(2) Under Commission Decision 2004/92/EC of 21 January 2004 on emergency measures regarding chilli and chilli products\u00a0(2), Member States have carried out checks for the presence of the chemical substances Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III and Scarlet Red (Sudan IV). Those substances have been found in chilli and chilli products as well as curcuma or palm oil. All findings were notified through the Rapid Alert System for food and feed pursuant to Article 50 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002.\n(3) Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III and Scarlet red (Sudan IV) have been classified as category 3 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).\n(4) The extent of the findings points to an adulteration constituting a serious health risk.\n(5) Given the seriousness of the health threat, it is necessary to maintain the measures provided for in Decision 2004/92/EC and to extend them to curcuma and palm oil. Moreover, account should be taken of the possibility of triangular trade, especially for food products for which there is no official certification of origin. In order to protect public health, it is appropriate to require that consignments of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil imported into the Community in whatever form, intended for human consumption, should be accompanied by an analytical report provided by the importer or food business operator concerned demonstrating that the consignment does not contain Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III or Scarlet red (Sudan IV).\n(6) The analytical report accompanying the consignments of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil should be an original document endorsed by the competent authorities from the country emitting the document. These measures aim to improve the guarantees offered by the document.\n(7) Member States should also be required to carry out random sampling and analysis of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil presented for importation or already on the market.\n(8) It is appropriate to order the destruction of adulterated chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil to avoid their introduction into the food chain.\n(9) Since the measures provided for in this Decision have an impact on the control resources of the Member States, the results of these measures should be reviewed within 12 months in order to assess whether they are still necessary for the protection of public health.\n(10) That review should take account of the results of all analyses carried out by the competent authorities.\n(11) Transitional measures are necessary for consignments of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil imported before the date of publication of this Decision.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDefinitions\nFor the purposes of this Decision the following definitions shall apply:\n(a) \u2018chilli\u2019, fruits of the genus Capsicum, dried and crushed or ground within CN Code 0904\u00a020\u00a090, in whatever form, intended for human consumption and\n(b) \u2018chilli products\u2019, curry powder within CN Code 0910\u00a050, in whatever form, intended for human consumption and\n(c) \u2018curcuma\u2019, curcuma dried and crushed or ground within CN Code 0910\u00a030, in whatever form, intended for human consumption and\n(d) \u2018palm oil\u2019, palm oil within CN Code 1511\u00a010\u00a090, intended for direct human consumption.\nImports conditions\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall prohibit the import of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil unless an original analytical report accompanying the consignment demonstrates that the product does not contain any of the following chemical substances:\n(a) Sudan I (CAS Number 842-07-9),\n(b) Sudan II (CAS Number 3118-97-6),\n(c) Sudan III (CAS Number 85-86-9),\n(d) Scarlet Red or Sudan IV (CAS Number 85-83-6).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The analytical report shall be endorsed by a representative of the relevant competent authority.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The competent authorities in the Member States shall check that each consignment of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil presented for importation is accompanied by an analytical report as provided for in paragraph 1.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In the absence of such an analytical report as provided for in paragraph 1, the importer established in the Community shall have the product tested to demonstrate that it does not contain one or more of the chemical substances referred to in paragraph 1. Pending availability of the analytical report, the product shall be detained under official supervision.\nSampling and analysis\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall take appropriate measures, including random sampling and analysis of chilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil presented for importation or already on the market in order to verify the absence of the chemical substances referred to in Article 2(1).\nMember States shall inform the Commission through the Rapid Alert System for food and feed of all consignments which are found to contain those substances.\nMember States shall report to the Commission on a quarterly basis on the consignments which were found not to contain those substances. These reports shall be submitted before the end of the month following that quarter.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any consignment subjected to official sampling and analysis may be detained before release onto the market for a maximum period of 15 working days.\nSplitting of a consignment\nIf a consignment is split, a certified copy of the analytical report provided for in Article 2(1) shall accompany each part of the split consignment.\nAdulterated consignments\nChilli, chilli products, curcuma and palm oil that are found to contain one or more of the chemical substances referred to in Article 2(1) shall be destroyed.\nRecovery of costs\nAll costs resulting from analysis, storage or destruction pursuant to Article 2(1) or (4) and Article 5 shall be borne by the importers or food business operators concerned.\nTransitional measures\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By derogation from Article 2(2), for consignments which left the country of origin before the date of publication of this Decision, Member States shall accept the analytical report for the products listed in Article 1(a) and 1(b) without the official endorsement referred to in that provision.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By derogation from Article 2(1), for consignments which left the country of origin before the date of publication of this Decision, Member States shall accept the imports for the products listed in Article 1(c) and 1(d) without the analytical report referred to in that provision.\nReview of the measures\nThis Decision shall be reviewed by 22 May 2006 at the latest.\nRepealing\nDecision 2004/92/EC is repealed.\n0\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["consumer protection", "vegetable oil", "import restriction", "food safety", "food inspection", "fruit vegetable"], "distractor groups": ["authorised catch", "iron and steel-working machinery", "sustainable forest management", "comic book", "fuel wood", "Community Plant Variety Office", "industrial espionage", "chemical salt", "open source software"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Directive 91/630/EEC of 19 November 1991 laying down minimum standards fo the protection of pigs\nCOUNCIL DIRECTIVE\nof 19 November 1991\nlaying down minimum standards for the protection of pigs\n(91/630/EEC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 43 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission (1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (2),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3),\nWhereas all Member States have ratified the European Convention on the protection of animals kept for farming purposes; whereas the Community has also approved this Convention by Decision 78/923/EEC (4) and has deposited its instrument of approval;\nWhereas the European Parliament, in its resolution of 20 February 1987 on animal welfare policy (5), called on the Commission to make proposals on minimum standards for the intensive farming of pigs;\nWhereas pigs, being live animals, are included in the list of products set out in Annex II of the Treaty;\nWhereas the keeping of pigs is an integral part of agriculture; whereas it constitutes a source of revenue for part of the agricultural population;\nWhereas differences which may distort conditions of competition interfere with the smooth running of the organization of the common market in pigs and pig products;\nWhereas there is therefore a need to establish common minimum standards for the protection of pigs kept for rearing and fattening in order to ensure rational development of production;\nWhereas it is necessary for official services, producers, consumers and others to be kept informed of developments in this field; whereas the Commission should therefore, on the basis of a report from the Scientific Veterinary Committee, pursue actively scientific research into the best pig-rearing system(s) from the point of view of pig welfare; whereas provision should accordingly be made for an interim period to enable the Commission to complete this task successfully,\nThis Directive lays down the minimum standards for the protection of pigs confined for rearing and fattening.\nFor the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:\n1. 'pig`: an animal of the porcine species, of any age, kept for breeding or fattening;\n2.\n'boar`: a male pig after puberty, intended for breeding;\n3.\n'gilt`: a female pig after puberty and before farrowing;\n4.\n'sow`: a female pig after the first farrowing;\n5.\n'farrowing sow`: a female pig between the perinatal period and the weaning of the piglets;\n6.\n'dry pregnant sow`: a sow between weaning her piglets and the perinatal period;\n7.\n'piglet`: a pig from birth to weaning;\n8.\n'weaner`: a pig from weaning to the age of ten weeks;\n9.\n'rearing pig`: a pig from ten weeks to slaughter or service;\n10.\n'competent authority`: a competent authority within the meaning of Article 2 (6), of Directive 90/425/EEC (6).\nMember States shall ensure that:\n1. - from 1 January 1994, all holdings newly-built or rebuilt and/or brought into use for the first time after that date shall comply with at least the following requirement:\nthe unobstructed floor area available to each weaner or rearing pig reared in a group must be at least:\n- 0,15 m$ for a pig of an average weight of 10 kg or less,\n- 0,20 m$ for a pig of an average weight of between 10 kg and 20 kg,\n- 0,30 m$ for a pig of an average weight of between 20 kg and 30 kg,\n- 0,40 m$ for a pig of an average weight of between 30 kg and 50 kg,\n- 0,55 m$ for a pig of an average weight of between 50 kg and 85 kg,\n- 0,65 m$ for a pig of an average weight of between 85 kg and 110 kg,\n- 1,00 m$ for a pig of an average weight of more than 110 kg;\n- from 1 January 1998, the minimum standards provided for above shall apply to all holdings;\n2. the construction or conversion of installations in which sows and gilts are tethered shall be prohibited after 31 December 1995.\nHowever, the use of installations built prior to 1 January 1996 which do not meet the requirements of point 1 may be authorized by the competent authority in the light of the results of the inspections provided for in Article 7 (1), for a period which shall under no circumstances extend beyond 31 December 2005.\nThe provisions of this Article shall not apply to holdings with fewer than six pigs or five sows with their piglets.\n1. Member States shall ensure that the conditions for rearing pigs comply with the general provisions laid down in the Annex.\nHowever, until 30 June 1995, the Member States' competent authorities may authorize derogations from paragraphs 3, 5, 8 and 11 of Chapter I of the Annex.\n2. Moreover, before this Directive enters into force, the Commission, in cooperation with the Member States, shall issue a recommendation defining any additional minimum standards for the protection of pigs supplementing those in the Annex.\nThe provisions of the Annex may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 10, in order to take account of scientific progress.\nBy 1 October 1997, the Commission shall submit to the Council a report, drawn up on the basis of an opinion from the Scientific Veterinary Committee, on the intensive pig-rearing system(s) which comply with the welfare requirements of pigs from the pathological, zootechnical, physiological and behavioural points of view and on the socio-economic implications of the different systems. The report shall particularly take into account the welfare of sows reared in varying degrees of confinement and in groups and shall be accompanied by appropriate proposals which take account of the conclusions of the report.\nThe Council shall act by qualified majority on those proposals no later than three months after their submission.\n1. Member States shall ensure that inspections are carried out under the responsibility of the competent authority in order to check that the provisions of this Directive and its Annex are being complied with.\nThese inspections, which may be carried out on the occasion of checks made for other purposes, shall each year cover a statistically representative sample of the different rearing systems used in each Member State.\n2. The Commission shall, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 10, draw up a code of rules to be applied in carrying out the inspections provided for in paragraph 1.\n3. Every two years, by the last working day in April and for the first time by 30 April 1996, Member States shall inform the Commission of the results of the inspections carried out during the previous two years in accordance with this Article, including the number of inspections carried out in proportion to the number of holdings in their territory.\nAnimals imported from non-member countries must, with respect to the requirements for their welfare, whilst being reared, receive treatment at least equivalent to that guaranteed by this Directive to animals of Community origin. This requirement must be stated in a certificate issued by the competent authority of the non-member country concerned.\nVeterinary experts from the Commission may, where necessary for the uniform application of this Directive, carry out on-the-spot checks in cooperation with the competent authorities. The persons carrying out these checks shall implement the special personal hygiene measures necessary to exclude any risk of transmission of disease.\nThe Member State in the territory of which a check is being carried out shall give all necessary assistance to the experts in carrying out their duties. The Commission shall inform the competent authority of the Member State concerned of the results of the checks.\nThe competent authority of the Member State concerned shall take any measures which may prove necessary to take account of the results of the check.\nWith regard to relations with non-member countries, the provisions of Chapter III of Directive 91/496/EEC (1) shall apply.\nGeneral rules for the application of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 10.\n0\n1. Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be followed, the chairman shall refer the matter without delay to the Standing Veterinary Committee set up by Directive 68/361/EEC (2), hereinafter referred to as the 'Committee`, either on his own initiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State.\n2. The representative of the Commission shall submit to the Committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The Committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft within a time limit which the chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter. The opinion shall be delivered by the majority laid down in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty in the case of decisions which the Council is required to adopt on a proposal from the Commission. The votes of the representatives of the Member States within the Committee shall be weighted in the manner set out in that Article. The chairman shall not vote.\n3. The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged if they are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee.\n4. If the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the opinion of the Committee, or if no opinion is delivered, the Commission shall without delay submit to the Council a proposal relating to the measures to be taken. The Council shall act by a qualified majority.\nIf, within three months of the date of referral to the Council, the Council has not acted, the proposed measures shall be adopted by the Commission except where the Council has decided against the measures by a simple majority.\n1\n1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions, including any sanctions, necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 January 1994. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nWhere Member States adopt these provisions, the latter shall include a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a reference on their official publication. The details of this reference shall be adopted by the Member States.\n2. However, from the date set in paragraph 1, Member States may, in compliance with the general rules of the Treaty, maintain or apply within their territories stricter provisions for the protection of pigs than those laid down in this Directive. They shall inform the Commission of any such measures.\n2\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["veterinary legislation", "intensive livestock farming", "protection of animals", "swine", "fattening"], "distractor groups": ["intermediate technology", "Eastern Partnership", "town planning", "reduction of working time", "apprentice", "hotel industry", "stockpiling of weapons", "management training", "mining of ore", "economic policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1170/95 of 22 May 1995 amending Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in the People's Republic of China\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1170/95 of 22 May 1995 amending Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in the People's Republic of China\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Articles 12, 14 and 15 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission submitted after consultation within the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Council, by Regulation (EEC) No 1531/88 (2), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in the People's Republic of China. The amount of the duty imposed was equal to either the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier-price per kilogram net, before duty, was less than ECU 2,25 or 20 % of that price per kilogram net, free-at-Community-frontier, before duty, whichever was higher.\n(2) Following a review of the measures, the Council adopted Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 (3) imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in the People's Republic of China. The amount of duty imposed was ECU 1,26 per kilogram. The Regulation entered into force on 20 November 1994.\n(3) However, Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 does not specifically provide for the repeal or amendment of Regulation (EEC) No 1531/88, and it is therefore appropriate to make it clear that Regulation (EEC) No 1531/88 is repealed and is replaced by Regulation (EC) No 2819/94. Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 should therefore be amended accordingly,\nArticle 1 of Regulation (EC) No 2819/94 shall be amended as follows:\n1. a new paragraph 3 shall be inserted as follows:\n'3. Regulation (EC) No 1531/88 shall be repealed.`;\n2. paragraph 3 shall be renumbered paragraph 4.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply with effect from 20 November 1994.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["China", "chemical salt", "dumping", "anti-dumping duty", "import"], "distractor groups": ["sustainable agriculture", "national parliament", "watercourse", "legislative drafting", "right to housing", "inflation", "axle weight", "slaughter of animals", "exploitation of the sea-bed", "charter on human rights"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 28 October 2014 on a measure taken by Germany in accordance with Article 7 of Council Directive 89/686/EEC prohibiting the placing on the market of fire-brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS (notified under document C(2014) 7757)\n30.10.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 309/35\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 28 October 2014\non a measure taken by Germany in accordance with Article 7 of Council Directive 89/686/EEC prohibiting the placing on the market of fire-brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS\n(notified under document C(2014) 7757)\n(2014/748/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States Relating to personal protective equipment\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In August 2013, the German authorities notified to the Commission a measure of prohibition of placing on the market of fire-brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS manufactured by Dietrich&Co. GmbH, Rossauer Strasse 49a, 09661 Rossau, OT Seifersbach (Germany). The products bore CE marking, according to Directive 89/686/EEC, having been tested and type-examined according to harmonised standard EN 358:1999 Personal protective equipment for work positioning and prevention of falls from a height \u2014 Belts for work positioning and restraint and work positioning lanyards.\n(2) Fire-brigade safety belts are personal protective equipment (PPE) classified as Certification Category III. PPE of this kind, which is designed to protect against fatal hazards or serious and irreversible risks to health, the direct effect of which the manufacturer assumes that users will be unable to recognise in time, are subject to an EC type-approval examination and an EC quality control system by the notified body commissioned by the manufacturer.\n(3) The audit carried out by the German authorities at the production plant of the above-mentioned manufacturer revealed that presented type-approval certificates for fire-brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS were not valid, since part of the equipment \u2014 the strap material \u2014 had been replaced, while EC type approval examination related solely to the items submitted for testing. Therefore, the following requirements of Directive 89/686/EEC were not met:\n\u2014 Article 8(2) (EC Type examination): the products were not identical to the models for which EC type examination was issued,\n\u2014 Article 12 (EC Declaration of Conformity): the Declaration of Conformity was not valid because reference was made to the quality control system in accordance with Article 11, which was not carried out,\n\u2014 Article 13(1) (CE Marking): the identification number of the notified body, DEKRA EXAM (NB 0158) was misused since no quality control system was carried out.\n(4) Moreover, fire-brigade safety belts Type FHB did not meet the requirements of harmonised standard EN 358:1999, clause \u00a7 4.2.1 regarding static strength and thus the basic health and safety requirement 1.3.2 Lightness and design strength laid down in Annex II to Directive 89/686/EEC. The static strength for the fire-brigade safety belts manufactured by Dietrich&Co. GmbH were measured at between 7,2 kN and 9,4 kN, instead of at least 15\u00a0kN, as prescribed in the standard.\n(5) The Commission wrote to the manufacturer inviting him to communicate his observations on the measures taken by the German authorities.\n(6) On 22 October 2013, the Commission was informed by German authorities about the result of the action. According to the documents received from the manufacturer the German authorities established that the failure to meet the requirements of the Directive 89/686/EEC only concerned the production of 2011 and 2012. Corrective action has been taken by the manufacturer and as of beginning of 2013 the production was in conformity with that Directive. The manufacturer Dietrich & Co carried out a voluntary recall that covered the following fire-brigade safety belts type FHB:\n\u2014 serial numbers 0439 to 0738, manufactured in 2011,\n\u2014 serial numbers 0739 to 1078, manufactured in 2012.\n(7) In light of the documentation available, the comments expressed and the action taken by the parties concerned, the Commission considers that the fire brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS manufactured in 2011 and 2012 failed to comply with clause \u00a7 4.2.1 of the harmonised standard EN 358:1999 referred to the basic health and safety requirement 1.3.2 Lightness and design strength set out in Annex II to Directive 89/686/EEC. The manufacturer has already taken all the necessary measures to remove such non-compliant products from the market and to correct the deficits to meet the requirements of Directive 89/686/EEC, according to the order of the German authorities,\nThe measure taken by the German authorities, prohibiting the placing on the market of fire-brigade safety belts of types FHA, FHB and FSmS manufactured by Dietrich&Co. GmbH, is justified.\nThis Decision regards exclusively products manufactured in 2011 and in 2012.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["market approval", "safety device", "withdrawal from the market", "Germany", "EC conformity marking", "defective product"], "distractor groups": ["Calabria", "North-eastern Estonia", "world population", "market planning", "legality", "animal disease", "common law", "Razgrad region", "Pacific Ocean"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/880/EC: Council Decision of 20 December 2007 authorising France to apply a reduced rate of taxation to unleaded petrol used as motor fuel and consumed in the Corsican departments in accordance with Article 19 of Directive 2003/96/EC\n29.12.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 346/15\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 20 December 2007\nauthorising France to apply a reduced rate of taxation to unleaded petrol used as motor fuel and consumed in the Corsican departments in accordance with Article 19 of Directive 2003/96/EC\n(Only the French text is authentic)\n(2007/880/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 2003 restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 19(1) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) Pursuant to Article 18(1) of Directive 2003/96/EC, read in conjunction with Annex II to that Directive, France was authorised to apply a reduced rate of taxation in respect of consumption in Corsica. The authorisation was granted until 31 December 2006.\n(2) By letter dated 16 October 2006, the French authorities requested authorisation to apply a reduced rate of energy tax to unleaded petrol used as motor fuel by way of extension of a practice followed under the above-mentioned derogation, and this before the derogation expired. The reduction amounts to EUR 1 per hectolitre. The authorisation is being requested for the period from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2012. In Corsica the cost of supplying unleaded petrol to the forecourt is appreciably higher than in mainland France, final prices being EUR 4-7/hl higher than on the mainland.\n(3) By reducing the tax on unleaded petrol borne by consumers in Corsica, the consumers in question will be placed on a more equal footing with those on the mainland. The measure therefore meets regional and cohesion policy objectives.\n(4) The tax reduction is no larger than what is necessary to allow for the additional transport and distribution costs borne by consumers in Corsica.\n(5) The final level of taxation complies with the minimum rates laid down in Directive 2003/96/EC - currently EUR 359/1\u00a0000 l (or EUR 35,90/hl). This holds true even allowing for the authorisation conferred by Council Decision 2005/767/EC\u00a0(2), the effects of which may be combined with those of the present Decision.\n(6) In view of the remote and insular nature of the departments to which it applies and the moderateness of the reduction in the rate \u2013 which is, moreover, very high compared with the Community minimum \u2013 the measure requested will not give rise to any movement specifically linked to the supplying of fuel.\n(7) Consequently, the measure is acceptable from the point of view of the proper functioning of the internal market and of the need to ensure fair competition and it is not incompatible with the Community\u2019s health, environment, energy and transport policies.\n(8) France should therefore be authorised, pursuant to Article 19(2) of Directive 2003/96/EC, to apply a reduced rate of taxation to unleaded petrol used as motor fuel and consumed in Corsica, and this until 31 December 2012.\n(9) It should be ensured that, in the context of the derogation provided for in Article 18 of Directive 2003/96/EC, read in conjunction with Annex II to that Directive, France can apply the specific reduction to which this Decision relates seamlessly following on from the situation obtaining under the law applicable before 1 January 2007. The authorisation requested should therefore be granted with effect from 1 January 2007,\nFrance is hereby authorised to apply a reduced rate of taxation to unleaded petrol used as motor fuel and consumed in the Corsican departments.\nIn order to avoid any over-compensation, the reduction must not go beyond the additional costs of transport, storage and distribution compared with mainland France.\nThe reduced rate must comply with the obligations in Directive 2003/96/EC, in particular the minimum rates referred to in Article 7.\nThis Decision shall be applicable from 1 January 2007 and shall expire on 31 December 2012.\nThis Decision is addressed to the French Republic", "answer groups": ["lead-free petrol", "tariff reduction", "Corsica", "France", "assessment of prices", "tax system"], "distractor groups": ["French overseas department and region", "animal feedingstuffs", "institution of public utility", "Gulf Cooperation Council", "Holy See", "conflict of generations", "toy industry", "export of waste", "broadcast videography"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision of 23 January 1995 appointing a member and an alternate member of the Advisory Committee on Medical Training\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 23 January 1995 appointing a member and an alternate member of the Advisory Committee on Medical Training (95/C 57/01)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 75/364/EEC of 16 June 1975 setting up an Advisory Committee on Medical Training (1), and in particular Articles 3 and 4 thereof,\nWhereas, by its Decision of 25 July 1994 (2), the Council appointed Professor A. STUYVENBERG a member and Professor G. P. VOOYS an alternate member for the period ending 24 July 1997;\nWhereas the Netherlands Government has nominated Professor G. P. VOOYS to replace Professor A. STUYVENBERG and Ms M. H. J. COPPENS-WIJN to replace Professor G. P. VOOYS,\nProfessor G. P. VOOYS is hereby appointed a member of the Advisory Committee on Medical Training in place of Professor A. STUYVENBERG for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which ends on 24 July 1997.\nMs M. H. J. COPPENS-WIJN is hereby appointed an alternate member of the Advisory Committee on Medical Training in place of Professor G. P. VOOYS for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which ends on 24 July 1997", "answer groups": ["appointment of staff", "doctor", "advisory committee (EU)", "vocational training"], "distractor groups": ["EAEC Decision", "European Regional Development Fund", "oil industry", "soya bean oil", "law of succession", "local election", "opinion poll", "Liechtenstein", "technology assessment", "raw chemical industry", "cold war"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/933/EC: Commission Decision of 21 December 2005 amending for the second time Decision 2005/693/EC concerning certain protection measures in relation to avian influenza in Russia (notified under document number C(2005) 5563) (Text with EEA relevance)\n23.12.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 340/70\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 21 December 2005\namending for the second time Decision 2005/693/EC concerning certain protection measures in relation to avian influenza in Russia\n(notified under document number C(2005) 5563)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/933/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/496/EEC of 15 July 1991 laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on animals entering the Community from third countries and amending Directives 89/662/EEC, 90/425/EEC and 90/675/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 18(7) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 97/78/EC of 18 December 1997 laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on products entering the Community from third countries\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 22 (6) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Avian influenza is an infectious viral disease in poultry and birds, causing mortality and disturbances which can quickly take epizootic proportions liable to present a serious threat to animal and public health and to reduce sharply the profitability of poultry farming.\n(2) Commission Decision 2005/693/EC of 6 October 2005 concerning certain protection measures in relation to avian influenza in Russia\u00a0(3) was adopted following outbreaks of avian influenza in Russia. That Decision suspends the importation of birds, other than poultry, from Russia and of unprocessed feathers and unprocessed parts of feathers from those regions of Russia listed in Annex I to that Decision.\n(3) Outbreaks of avian influenza continue to occur in certain parts of Russia and it is therefore necessary to prolong the measures provided for in Decision 2005/693/EC. The Decision can however be reviewed before this date depending on information supplied by the competent veterinary authorities of Russia.\n(4) The outbreaks in the European part of Russia have all occurred in the central area and no outbreaks have occurred in the northern regions. It is therefore no longer necessary to continue the suspension of imports of unprocessed feathers and parts of feathers from the latter.\n(5) Decision 2005/693/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee of the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2005/693/EC is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 3 \u201831 December 2005\u2019 is replaced by \u201831 March 2006\u2019.\n2. Annex I is replaced by the Annex to this Decision.\nMember States shall immediately take the necessary measures to comply with this Decision and publish those measures. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["disease prevention", "originating product", "Russia", "animal disease", "import restriction", "infectious disease", "poultry"], "distractor groups": ["Attica", "international conflict", "sodium", "electronic voting", "youth employment", "economic conditions", "Samoa", "ballot paper"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0892/2005 of 14 June 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0462/2005 as regards the quantity covered by the standing invitation to tender for the export of barley held by the German intervention agency\n15.6.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 152/11\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 892/2005\nof 14 June 2005\namending Regulation (EC) No 462/2005 as regards the quantity covered by the standing invitation to tender for the export of barley held by the German intervention agency\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93\u00a0(2) lays down the procedure and conditions for the disposal of cereals held by intervention agencies.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 462/2005\u00a0(3) opened a standing invitation to tender for the export of 1\u00a0000\u00a0693 tonnes of barley held by the German intervention agency.\n(3) Germany has informed the Commission of the intention of its intervention agency to increase by 300\u00a0000 tonnes the quantity put out to tender for export. In view of the market situation, the request made by Germany should be granted.\n(4) This increase in the quantity put out to tender makes it necessary to alter the quantity stored by region of storage referred to in Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 462/2005.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 462/2005 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nRegulation (EC) No 462/2005 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 2 is replaced by the following:\n2. Annex I is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Germany", "barley", "intervention agency", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["operational programme", "internal border of the EU", "standardised accounting system", "popularising science", "extreme left", "extremism", "interpreting", "ACP countries", "free movement of capital", "rights of minorities", "European Structural and Investment Funds"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a085/2008 of 30 January 2008 on special conditions for the granting of private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat (Codified version)\n31.1.2008 EN XM Official Journal of the European Union L 27/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 85/2008\nof 30 January 2008\non special conditions for the granting of private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat\n(Codified version)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2529/2001 of 19 December 2001 on the common organisation of the market in sheepmeat and goatmeat\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 12(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3447/90 of 28 November 1990 on special conditions for the granting of private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat\u00a0(2) has been substantially amended several times\u00a0(3). In the interests of clarity and rationality the said Regulation should be codified.\n(2) The provisions of Commission Regulation (EC) No 6/2008 of 4 January 2008 laying down detailed rules for granting private storage aid for sheepmeat and goatmeat\u00a0(4), should be followed in respect of the grant of private storage aid for sheepmeat. It is appropriate to complete or to adapt these provisions.\n(3) It is appropriate that, in addition to the amounts of aid granted for a specific storage period, amounts to be added or reduced in the event of that period being extended or curtailed should also be fixed.\n(4) Foreseeable market conditions make it necessary to provide for flexible storage periods of between three and seven months.\n(5) It is appropriate in order to ensure genuine tenders, to determine the minimum quantity which may be stored. It is appropriate to determine the minimum quantity to be destocked.\n(6) A security should be established to guarantee compliance with the obligations linked to private storage.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Sheep and Goats,\nRegulation (EC) No 6/2008 shall apply subject to the provisions of this Regulation.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Applications in the context of private storage aid shall be submitted to the intervention agencies listed in Annex I.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In the context of a tendering procedure the period for which storage may be tendered is three months. However, the actual storage period shall be chosen by the storer. This period may extend from a minimum of three months to a maximum of seven months. However, if the storage period is greater than three months the aid shall be increased on a daily basis by EUR 1,45 per tonne per day.\nThe minimum quantity per contract shall be four tonnes expressed, as bone-in meat.\nThe minimum quantity for each removal is fixed at four tonnes expressed as product weight per store and per contractor. However, where the quantity left in a store is less than this quantity, one further withdrawal operation of the remaining quantity or part thereof shall be permitted.\nWhere these withdrawal conditions are not complied with:\n\u2014 the amount of aid for the quantity withdrawn shall be calculated in accordance with Article 6(3) of Regulation (EC) No 6/2008, and\n\u2014 15\u00a0% of the security referred to in Article 5 shall be declared forfeit in respect of the quantity withdrawn.\nThe security shall be EUR 145 per tonne.\nRegulation (EEC) No 3447/90 is repealed.\nReferences to the repealed Regulation shall be construed as references to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex III.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["private stock", "storage premium", "aid to agriculture", "sheepmeat", "goatmeat"], "distractor groups": ["collective farm", "wave energy", "political rights", "industrial counterfeiting", "basket of currencies", "publication of tariffs", "aperitif", "pet shop", "nuclear fusion", "underproduction"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0291/2012 of 2\u00a0April 2012 amending Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0992/95 as regards tariff quotas of the Union for certain agricultural and fishery products originating in Norway\n3.4.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 96/1\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 291/2012\nof 2 April 2012\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 as regards tariff quotas of the Union for certain agricultural and fishery products originating in Norway\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 of 10 April 1995 opening and providing for the administration of tariff quotas of the Union for certain agricultural and fishery products originating in Norway\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(1)(a) and (b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) An Agreement has been concluded in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Norway, of the other part, concerning additional trade preferences in agricultural products reached on the basis of Article 19 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area. The Agreement was approved on behalf of the Union by Council Decision 2011/818/EU\u00a0(2).\n(2) That Agreement provides further progressive liberalisation of agricultural trade on a preferential, reciprocal and mutually beneficial basis and for new annual duty free tariff quotas at import into the European Union of certain agricultural products originating in Norway.\n(3) In order to implement the new tariff quotas provided for in the Agreement, it is necessary to amend Regulation (EC) No 992/95.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 992/95 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) In accordance with Decision 2011/818/EU the new tariff quotas are to apply from 1 January 2012. This Regulation should therefore apply from the same date.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nAnnex I to Regulation (EC) No 992/95 is amended as set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2012.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["originating product", "agricultural product", "tariff quota", "import (EU)", "Norway", "fishery product"], "distractor groups": ["European Centre of Enterprises with Public Participation", "available energy", "prepared foodstuff", "deforestation", "committee of inquiry", "Northern Mariana Islands", "reduced price", "institutional structure", "non-violence"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "94/315/CFSP: Council Decision of 30 May 1994 concerning the Common Position defined on the basis of Article J.2 of the Treaty on European Union regarding the reduction of economic relations with Haiti\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 30 May 1994 concerning the common position defined on the basis of Article J.2 of the Treaty on European Union regarding the reduction of economic relations with Haiti (94/315/CFSP)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article J.2 thereof,\nHaving regard to resolution 917 (1994) adopted on 6 May 1994 by the United Nations Security Council,\n1. Economic relations with Haiti shall be reduced in accordance with the relevant mandatory provisions of resolution 917 (1994) adopted on 6 May 1994 by the United Nations Security Council.\n2. Member States shall adopt without delay the laws, regulations or administrative measures necessary to freeze the funds and financial resources referred to in pargraph 4 of that resolution.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal", "answer groups": ["Treaty on European Union", "economic relations", "economic sanctions", "Haiti", "UN resolution", "common position"], "distractor groups": ["resin", "yearbook", "bus", "video communications", "surveillance concerning imports", "Ceuta and Melilla", "food supplement", "sugar beet", "exchange policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 29/87 of 22 December 1986 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain deep freezers originating in the Soviet Union\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 29/87\nof 22 December 1986\nimposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain deep freezers originating in the Soviet Union\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission after consultations within the Advisory Committee set up under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Provisional action\n(1) By Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 (2), the Commission proposed a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of certain deep freezers originating in the Soviet Union.\nB. Continuation of investigation\n(2) After the provisional anti-dumping duty was imposed, the Soviet exporter, Technointorg, which had so far refused to cooperate, and certain importers asked for, and obtained, a Commission hearing. Their comments have been taken into consideration.\nThe Commission refused to hear one importer which had requested to be heard after the time limit laid down by Article 5 of Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 had expired.\nTechnointorg asked for and was granted access to the information given to the Commission by other parties concerned in the investigation, to the extent that this was relevant for the defence of its interests, had been used by the Commission in the investigation and was not confidential under Article 8 of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84.\n(3) Technointorg disputed that it had refused to cooperate during the preliminary investigation: it argued that it had given instructions to its subsidiary in Belgium, EWA-Technical and Optical Equipment (EWA), to represent it in the procedure and that neither Technointorg nor EWA had received the questionnaires for exporters.\nThe Commission notes that EWA informed it that it had been instructed to act for Technointorg three months after the procedure had been initiated, and in any case after expiry of the time limit laid down by the Commission for sending in questionnaires. The Commission also notes that at no time did EWA ask for the questionnaire for exporters to be sent to it. Technointorg itself, moreover, admitted at the beginning of the procedure that it had received the questionnaire, and despite several reminders from the Commission it declined to supply the information requested.\n(4) After the provisional anti-dumping duty was imposed, Technointorg said it was ready to cooperate fully with the Commission.\nThe Commission notes that, despite these statements, Technointorg supplied no information as to its exports to the Community. In any case, as it did not make its views known within the time limits laid down when the notice of initiation of the procedure was published (3), any information it might have submitted concerning its exports to the Community could not have been taken into consideration, without a supplementary investigation being carried out.\nQuite apart from the additional administrative burden which it would involve, carrying out such a further inquiry after a provisional anti-dumping duty had been imposed might encourage parties\nnot to cooperate at the initial stage of the procedure and to make their views known only when an investigation carried out without their participation had results which affected them.\nC. Dumping\n(5) Both Technointorg and EWA disputed the method used by the Commission to determine dumping.\nQuite apart from the points already made in this connection by the Commission in Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86, which the Council endorses, these two parties' arguments have to be rejected for the reasons set out below.\nD. Normal value\n(6) Technointorg disputed the choice of Yugoslavia as a comparable country on the grounds that, firstly, production methods in Yugoslavia were different from those in the Soviet Union and, secondly, purchasing power there was three times higher than in the Soviet Union.\nHowever, Technointorg did not bring forward any evidence for its statements, nor did it propose any alternative comparable country.\nIn any case, even if the exporter's arguments had been supported by convincing evidence, a further investigation would have been necessary and, for the reasons already set out in point 4 above, this is not possible, especially in the case in point where the exporter contests the dumping margin provisionally established in Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 but does not deny the existence of dumping, claiming only that the dumping margin cannot be more than 70 %; even if this were true, it would imply no change in the measures to be taken as a result of the investigation.\nE. Comparison\n(7) Technointorg requested that, if the Commission did not alter its choice of comparable country, three allowances should be granted under Article 2 (9) and (10) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 in order to permit a valid comparison between the export price and the normal value.\n(8) The first allowance requested was 30 % for differences between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union as regards manufacturing procedures and component costs.\nThe second was 50 % for differences in the level of wages, allegedly three times higher in Yugoslavia than in the Soviet Union.\nThe third was 20 % for the fact that Soviet deep freezers were aimed at a different market segment and other consumers than were those of Community origin.\n(9) The differences adduced by the exporter do not fall within any of the categories of factors referred to in Article 2 (9) and (10) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84. The Council endorses the points made by the Commission in the last subparagraph of recital 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86. Specifically, the third allowance requested is relevant not for comparison between normal value and export price but for the examination of injury. The arguments put forward by the exporter are thus dealt with in recital 14 below.\nAs regards the first two allowances requested by Technointorg, it should be pointed out that any adjustment of the cost established in the comparable country, Yugoslavia, would mean that costs in the Soviet Union, a non-market economy country, were being taken as the basis. This is precisely the possibility that Article 2 (5) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 is intended to exclude.\nConsequently the arguments put forward by Technointorg concerning allowances for alleged comparative advantages are not admissible.\nF. Margins\n(10) The Council consequently confirms the Commission's conclusions in recital 19 of Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 and establishes definitively the existence of a weighted average dumping margin of 204 %.\nG. Injury\n(11) As regards the injury caused by the dumped imports, the Commission's conclusions as set out in Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 have been contested by Technointorg.\n(12) The exporter firstly argued that the Community market for deep freezers was divided into two segments: an upper range catered to by Community producers and consisting of consumers with high purchasing power who chose higher-quality, better-known products, and a lower range catered to by exporters in Eastern European countries and made up of consumers with more modest purchasing power. The exporter claimed that these two market segments were quite distinct and that there was consequently no cause-and-effect relationship between the increase in imports from the Soviet Union and the fall in Community production. The exporter also argued that its exports to the Community in 1981 were very small and that it was a recognized factor in economic life that any product initially unknown to consumers generally showed spectacular expansion over the first few years. The exporter claimed that its sales to the Community would now be beginning to level off.\nThe exporter also claimed that its share of the Community market was low and could not cause any injury to the Community industry. In this regard the exporter also contested the aggregation of the effect of all dumped imports.\n(13) Quite apart from the points noted by the Commission in Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86, which the Council endorses, the comments made by Technointorg cannot be accepted, for the reasons set out below.\n(14) As regards the market consisting of different segments, Technointorg provided no satisfactory evidence to support its arguments. In particular it did not show that its products and those of the Community industry were not 'like products' within the meaning of Article 2 (12) of Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84. Consequently, in accordance with Article 4 (4) of that Regulation, the effect of the imports covered by the investigation are to be assessed in relation to production of deep freezers in the Community. To the extent that the exporter's arguments imply that there is a difference in quality between Soviet and Community deep freezers, it is to be pointed out that, in determining undercutting, the Commission compared like products, as regards capacity, appearance and fittings. Even, indeed, if the existence of different categories of buyers were admitted, this would not necessarily mean that there was a difference in quality between the products concerned.\nAs regards trends in the volume of imports and the market share for which they account, these are only two of the factors which, under Article 4 (2) of the above Regulation, are to be taken into consideration in examining the injury.\nAt any event, while consumption in the Community remained steady, imports from the Soviet Union increased by more than 20 000 units from 1981 to 1985. Thus, on the markets where these imports were concentrated, their market share increased over the same period from 0,8 % to 2,5 % in the United Kingdom and from 1,4 % to 8,3 % in Belgium. Technointorg's statements about the future trend of its exports to the Community, unsupported by any conclusive evidence, are not relevant to the examination of existing injury to the Community industry: as regards the volume of imports, Article 4 (2) (a) of the above Regulation lays down only that what is to be established is 'whether there has been a significant increase'.\nAs regards the aggregation of imports, the Council confirms the Commission's conclusions in recital 24 of Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86.\n(15) None of the arguments put forward by Technointorg call into question the conclusions as regards the injury to the Community industry which the Commission reached in its preliminary conclusions. Consequently the Council confirms these conclusions.\nH. Undertakings\n(16) Technointorg offered two undertakings concerning future exports to the Community.\nAfter consultations the Commission did not accept either of these undertakings. It informed Technointorg of the reasons for this decision.\nI. Community interest\n(17) The importer, Peja Import BV, argued that an anti-dumping duty as imposed by the Commission in Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 had had and would have the effect of stopping imports into the Netherlands of deep freezers originating in the Soviet Union. It also argued that this would have an adverse effect on its own exports under offset agreements with Eastern European countries. The Council has taken these comments into account but, because of the difficulties facing Community production of deep freezers, and in view of the economic and social importance of such production, the Council concludes that it is in the Community interest to take measures. The defence of Community interest thus requires the imposition of a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain deep freezers originating in the Soviet Union.\nJ. Level of duty\n(18) In view of the above definitive conclusions, the definitive anti-dumping duty must be of the same amount as the provisional anti-dumping duty, i.e. 33 % of the net free-at-Community-frontier price before duty. This is less than the dumping margin established and should suffice to eliminate the injury caused to Community production by imports from the Soviet Union, in view of the sale price necessary to provide efficient Community producers with a reasonable profit.\nK. Collection of the provisional duty\n(19) The amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty should therefore be collected in their entirety.\n1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of deep freezers falling within subheading No ex 84.15 C II of the Common Customs Tariff - corresponding to Nimexe codes 84.15-41 and 84.15-46 - originating in the Soviet Union.\n2. The rate of the duty shall be 33 % of the net free-at-Community-frontier price before duty.\n3. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThe amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty under Regulation (EEC) No 2800/86 shall be collected definitively.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["USSR", "dumping", "household electrical appliance", "import"], "distractor groups": ["territories of the former Yugoslavia", "tactical nuclear weapon", "Hindu", "knowledge economy", "judgment of the Court (EU)", "special chemicals", "alternate", "defence statistics", "craftsman", "delegated decision", "EU office or agency"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/56/EU: Council Decision of 28\u00a0January 2014 on the existence of an excessive deficit in Croatia\n6.2.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 36/13\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 28 January 2014\non the existence of an excessive deficit in Croatia\n(2014/56/EU)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 126(6) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the European Commission,\nHaving regard to the observations made by Croatia,\nWhereas:\n(1) According to Article 126 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) Member States are to avoid excessive government deficits.\n(2) The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) is based on the objective of sound government finances as a means of strengthening the conditions for price stability and for strong sustainable growth conducive to employment creation.\n(3) The excessive deficit procedure (EDP) under Article 126 TFEU, as clarified by Council Regulation (EC) No 1467/97\u00a0(1), which is part of the SGP, provides for a Council decision on the existence of an excessive deficit. The Protocol No 12 on the excessive deficit procedure, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and TFEU sets out further provisions relating to the implementation of the EDP. Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009\u00a0(2) lays down detailed rules and definitions for the application of those provisions.\n(4) According to Article 126(5) TFEU, if the Commission considers that an excessive deficit in a Member State exists or may occur, it is to address an opinion to the Member State concerned and is to inform the Council accordingly.\n(5) Having taken into account its report under Article 126(3) TFEU and having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Financial Committee in accordance with Article 126(4) TFEU, the Commission concluded that an excessive deficit existed in Croatia. The Commission therefore addressed such an opinion to Croatia and informed the Council on 10 December 2013\u00a0(3) accordingly.\n(6) Article 126(6) TFEU provides that the Council is to consider any observations which the Member State concerned may wish to make before deciding, after an overall assessment, whether an excessive deficit exists. In the case of Croatia, this overall assessment leads to the following conclusions.\n(7) According to the revision of the 2013 budget and the draft 2014 budget\u00a0(4) adopted by the Croatian Government and sent to the Croatian Parliament on 14 November 2013, the Croatian authorities envisage a general government deficit of 5,5\u00a0% of GDP for 2013, after 5\u00a0% of GDP in 2012, and expect the ratio to remain unchanged in 2014 and to decrease only gradually in 2015 and 2016. The Commission services\u2019 2013 autumn forecast, released on 5 November 2013, projects the general government deficit to be significantly above the 3\u00a0% of GDP Treaty reference value already in 2013, rising to above 6\u00a0% of GDP in the 2013-2015 period in the absence of countervailing measures. As indicated in the Commission report prepared pursuant to Article 126(3) TFEU, the planned and forecast deficits are above, and not close to, the Treaty reference value. The excess over the reference value can be considered as exceptional within the meaning of the SGP. In particular, it results in part from a severe economic downturn in the sense of the SGP. Economic activity is estimated to have contracted by almost 12\u00a0% since the peak in 2008. Real GDP is projected to contract further in 2013, with a slight recovery expected only in 2014. Potential output growth, as estimated by the Commission services according to the commonly agreed method, stagnated in 2009, turned negative in 2010, and has been negative since then. The calculated output gap, which has been negative since 2009, is expected to narrow gradually over the forecast period and yet remain negative through 2015, confirming the depth and the extension of the recession. However, the planned excess over the reference value cannot be considered temporary in the sense of the SGP. According to the projections of the Croatian authorities and the Commission services\u2019 2013 autumn forecast, the general government deficit will remain significantly above the reference value also in 2014 and 2015. The requirement concerning the deficit criterion in the TFEU is therefore not fulfilled.\n(8) In the draft 2014 budget, the government foresees an increase in the general government debt ratio from 58,1\u00a0% in 2013 to 62\u00a0% in 2014 and further to 64,1\u00a0% in 2015 and 64,7\u00a0% in 2016. These figures are slightly higher than those in Croatia\u2019s Economic and Fiscal Policy Guidelines of September 2013, in which the government forecast the general government debt ratio to reach 56,6\u00a0% in 2013, and 60,6\u00a0%, 63,4\u00a0% and 65,3\u00a0% in 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. In the Commission services\u2019 2013 autumn forecast, the projection for the general government debt ratio is 59,7\u00a0% for 2013. On unchanged policies, the general government debt ratio is expected to rise above 60\u00a0% in 2014, thus exceeding the 60\u00a0% of GDP Treaty reference value. According to currently available information, a USD-denominated bond issuance in November 2013 would bring the general government debt ratio above the 60\u00a0% threshold already by the end of 2013. Article 2(1a) of Regulation (EC) 1467/97 stipulates that the requirement under the debt criterion is also to be considered to be fulfilled if the budgetary forecasts of the Commission indicate that the required reduction in the differential with respect to the reference value will occur over the three-year period encompassing the two years following the final year for which the data is available. The forecasts of the Croatian authorities and of the Commission services show that the general government debt ratio is on an upward trend on account of continuing high deficits and weak economic activity and it is expected to remain so over the forecast horizon. Hence the debt benchmark and thus the debt criterion in the TFEU are not fulfilled.\n(9) In line with the provisions of the TFEU, the Commission also analysed the \u2018relevant factors\u2019 in its report under Article 126(3) TFEU. As specified in Article 2(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1467/97, for countries with a general government debt ratio above the reference value, those factors are to be taken into account in the steps leading to the decision on the compliance with the deficit criterion if the general government deficit remains close to the reference value and if its excess over the reference value is temporary, which is not the case for Croatia. The relevant factors, in particular the deep and protracted recession, against the backdrop of unsupportive external conditions, have been taken into account in the assessment of compliance with the debt criterion. However, the relevant factors do not modify the conclusion that the debt criterion in the TFEU is not fulfilled,\nFrom an overall assessment it follows that an excessive deficit exists in Croatia.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Croatia", "answer groups": ["public debt", "budgetary equilibrium", "Croatia", "budget deficit", "gross domestic product"], "distractor groups": ["Madagascar", "political tendency", "EU law", "European fisheries fund", "European convention", "data recording", "European treaties", "vocational training", "Guam", "iron product"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Second Council Directive 79/32/EEC of 18 December 1978 on taxes other than turnover taxes which affect the consumption of manufactured tobacco\nSECOND COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 18 December 1978 on taxes other than turnover taxes which affect the consumption of manufactured tobacco (79/32/EEC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community and in particular Articles 99 and 100 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 72/464/EEC of 19 December 1972 on taxes other than turnover taxes which affect the consumption of manufactured tobacco (1), as amended by Directives 74/318/EEC (2), 75/786/EEC (3), 76/911/EEC (4), and 77/805/EEC (5),\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission (6),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (7),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (8),\nWhereas there are several types of manufactured tobacco, distinguished by their characteristics and by the way in which they are used;\nWhereas these different types of manufactured tobacco should be defined.\nWhereas for economic reasons temporary derogations should be provided for certain Member States,\n1. For the purpose of applying Article 3 (2) of Directive 72/464/EEC. (a) cigars and cigarillos,\n(b) cigarettes,\n(c) smoking tobacco,\n(d) snuff,\n(e) chewing tobacco,\nas defined in Articles 2 to 6, shall be deemed to be manufactured tobacco.\n2. Notwithstanding existing Community provisions, the definitions referred to in Articles 2 to 6 shall be without prejudice to the choice of system or the level of taxation which shall apply to the different groups of products referred to in these Articles.\nThe following shall be deemed to be cigars or cigarillos if they can be smoked as they are: 1. rolls of tobacco made entirely of natural tobacco;\n2. rolls of tobacco with an outer wrapper of natural tobacco;\n3. rolls of tobacco with an outer wrapper of the normal colour of a cigar, and a binder, of reconstituted tobacco, falling within subheading 24.02 E of the Common Customs Tariff, where at least 60 % by weight of the tobacco particles are both wider (1)OJ No L 303, 31.12.1972, p. 1. (2)OJ No L 180, 3.7.1974, p. 30. (3)OJ No L 330, 24.12.1975, p. 51. (4)OJ No L 354, 24.12.1976, p. 33. (5)OJ No L 338, 28.12.1977, p. 22. (6)OJ No C 72, 27.6.1974, p. 15. (7)OJ No C 155, 9.12.1974. p. 73. (8)OJ No C 125, 16.10.1974, p. 38.\nand longer than 1 775 mm and where the wrapper is fitted in spiral form with an acute angle of at least 30\u0e22\u0e1a to the longitudinal axis of the cigar;\n4. rolls of tobacco with an outer wrapper, of the normal colour of a cigar, of reconstituted tobacco, falling within subheading 24.02 E of the Common Customs Tariff, where the unit weight, not including filter or mouth-piece, is not less than 2 73 g and if at least 60 % by weight of the tobacco particles are both wider and longer than 1 775 mm and the circumference over at least one third of the length is not less than 34 mm.\n1. Rolls of tobacco capable of being smoked as they are and which are not cigars or cigarillos as defined in Article 2 shall be deemed to be cigarettes.\n2. A roll of tobacco referred to in paragraph 1 shall, for excise duty purposes, be considered as two cigarettes where, excluding filter or mouthpiece, it is longer than 9 cm but not longer than 18 cm, as three cigarettes where, excluding filter or mouthpiece, it is longer than 18 cm but not longer than 27 cm, and so on.\nThe following shall be deemed to be smoking tobacco: 1. tobacco which has been cut or otherwise split, twisted or pressed into blocks and is capable of being smoked without further industrial processing;\n2. tobacco refuse put up for retail sale which does not fall under Articles 2 and 3 and which can be smoked.\nTobacco in the form of rolls sticks, strips, cubes or blocks, which is put up for retail sale and specially prepared to be chewed but not smoked, shall be deemed to be chewing tobacco.\nTobacco in powder or grain from which is specially prepared to be taken as snuff but not smoked, shall be deemed to be snuff.\n1. Products consisting in whole or in part of substances other than tobacco but otherwise conforming to the criteria in Article 2 shall be treated as cigars and cigarillos provided they have respectively: - a wrapper of natural tobacco,\n- a wrapper and binder of tobacco, both of reconstituted tobacco,\n- a wrapper of reconstituted tobacco.\n2. Products consisting in whole or in part of substances other than tobacco but otherwise conforming to the criteria of Article 3 or 4 shall be treated as cigarettes and smoking tobacco.\nNotwithstanding the first subparagraph, products containing no tobacco and used exclusively for medical purposes shall not be treated as manufactured tobacco.\n3. Products consisting in part of substances other than tobacco but otherwise conforming to the criteria of Articles 5 or 6 shall be treated as chewing tobacco or snuff as the case may be.\n1. Notwithstanding Article 2, the Federal Republic of Germany shall be authorized to treat in the same way as cigars, rolls of tobacco without a binder, the outer wrapping of which is fitted in spiral form at an angle of less than 30\u0e22\u0e1a to the longitudinal axis, but which otherwise meet the requirements referred to in Article 2 (3) and rolls of tobacco the circumference of which is not less than 34 mm over at least one third of their length but which otherwise meet the requirements referred to in Article 2 (4).\n2. Notwithstanding Article 2 (3), Denmark shall be authorized to treat rolls of tobacco as cigars if at least 60 % by weight of the tobacco particles are both wider and longer than 1 719 mm but not wider and longer than 1 775 mm, but which otherwise meet the requirements of Article 2 (3).\n3. Notwithstanding Article 3 (2), Denmark shall be authorized to treat a cigarette not longer than 10 cm, excluding filter or mouthpiece, as a single cigarette.\n4. On expiry of the second stage of the harmonization of the structures of excise duty on manufactured tobacco defined by Directive 77/805/EEC, and at the latest by 31 December 1981, the Member States referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall abolish the derogations provided for in these paragraphs.\n1. The Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations or administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 January 1980. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\n2. Denmark shall not be obliged to apply the provisions of this Directive to Greenland.\n3. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.\n0\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["tobacco industry", "tax on consumption", "excise duty", "tobacco"], "distractor groups": ["official visit", "European charter", "hill farming", "European legal status", "principle of subsidiarity", "quantitative analysis", "hides and furskins industry", "school results", "urban centre", "private limited company", "stratospheric pollutant"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 26/2001 of 5 January 2001 laying down certain measures derogating from Regulation (EC) No 2561/2000 on private storage aid in the beef sector\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 26/2001\nof 5 January 2001\nlaying down certain measures derogating from Regulation (EC) No 2561/2000 on private storage aid in the beef sector\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in beef and veal(1), and in particular Article 48(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2561/2000 of 21 November 2000 laying down special provisions for the granting of private storage aid for cows(2) provides for contract applications to be introduced from 27 November 2000. These applications must be accompanied by a security referred to in Article 7(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 907/2000(3). Article 7(2) of the same Regulation defines the primary requirements for the said security. In accordance herewith, an operator cannot withdraw a contract application and must place and keep in storage at least 90 % of the contractual quantity.\n(2) Article 2(1) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 2777/2000 of 18 December 2000 adopting exceptional support measures for the beef market(4) provides that meat from animals aged more than 30 months and slaughtered in the Community after 1 January 2001 can only be released for human consumption if tested negatively for BSE. These tests can only be carried out at the time of slaughter. The Council had on 4 December 2000 announced the intentions of the Commission to adopt the abovementioned measure and the information was subsequently widely spread. Operators who had applied for private storage contracts before that date could not know that the market conditions for release of beef for human consumption would change fundamentally before they were allowed to take the products out of private storage. Consequently, it is appropriate to provide that contracts applied for before 5 December 2000 may be cancelled without loss of the security and at the same time to release any stored quantities under the contracts.\n(3) Operators should be allowed to make use of this Regulation as quickly as possible.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Beef and Veal,\nContracts concluded under Regulation (EC) No 2561/2000 on the basis of applications lodged before 5 December 2000 may be cancelled at the request of the contracting party.\nBy way of derogation from Article 7(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 907/2000, the securities and stored quantities related to the cancelled contracts shall be released immediately.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall be applicable from 5 December 2000.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["beef", "derogation from EU law", "storage", "EU control", "EU aid", "private stock"], "distractor groups": ["stateless person", "region dependent on fishing", "food shortage", "conventional weapon", "financial loss", "international criminal law", "automatic vending machine", "online game", "launch facility"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 797/2002 of 14 May 2002 amending Annexes III and VIII to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93 on common rules for imports of certain textile products from third countries\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 797/2002\nof 14 May 2002\namending Annexes III and VIII to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93 on common rules for imports of certain textile products from third countries\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93 of 12 October 1993 on common rules for imports of certain textile products from third countries(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 27/2002(2), and in particular Article 19 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Council has adopted by Regulation (EC) No 2474/2000(3) the list of textiles and clothing products to be integrated into GATT 1994 on 1 January 2002.\n(2) The People's Republic of China became a full member of the World Trade Organization on 11 December 2001. Taiwan became a full member on 1 January 2002.\n(3) The certificate of origin and the export certificate used by Taiwan differ slightly from the standard model in Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93. Specimens have been provided by the Taiwanese authorities.\n(4) The flexibility provisions for both countries, as laid out in Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93, need to be adapted in order to comply with the Community's international obligations.\n(5) Regulation (EEC) No 3030/93 should be amended accordingly.\n(6) In order to ensure that the Community complies with its international obligations the measures provided for in this Regulation should apply with effect from 1 January 2002.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Textile Committee,\nRegulation (EEC) No 3030/93 is amended as follows:\n1. Annex III is amended in accordance with part A of the Annex to this Regulation.\n2. Annex VIII is replaced by the text set out in part B of the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply with effect from 1 January 2002.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["third country", "originating product", "textile product", "import policy", "quantitative restriction"], "distractor groups": ["cash flow", "noise", "regions of Romania", "EAEC Regulation", "child care", "worker consultation", "milk", "Flanders (Belgium)", "jute", "66 ENERGY"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "85/166/EEC: Commission Decision of 11 February 1985 concerning an application for refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of glass textile fibres (rovings) originating in Czechoslovakia (Only the German text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 11 February 1985\nconcerning an application for refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of glass textile fibres (rovings) originating in Czechoslovakia\n(Only the German text is authentic)\n(85/166/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 16 thereof,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) On 18 June 1983 the Commission, by Regulation (EEC) No 1631/83 (2), imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of glass textile fibres (rovings) originating in Czechoslovakia. The amount of the duty was equal to the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier net price, before duty, was less than 0,97 ECU per kilogram. On 16 December 1983, by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3540/83 (3), a definitive anti-dumping duty was imposed. The amount of the duty is equal to the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier net price before duty is less than 1,07 ECU per kilogram. The amounts secured by way of provisional duty from 18 June 1983 pursuant to Regulation (EEC) No 1631/83 were definitively collected up to the amount of the provisional duty.\n(2) On 18 November 1983 MBG GmbH and Co., Frankfurt/Main, on 25 October 1983 Fibron Wolfgang Mellert GmbH, Bretten/Baden, and on 5 March 1984 Menzolit-Werke, Albert Schmidt GmbH and Co. KG, Menzingen, importers of rovings from Czechoslovakia, applied to the German authorities for a refund of the amounts of DM 85 473,71, DM 92 220,75 and DM 66 010,36 respectively, in connection with their imports of rovings from Czechoslovakia. These sums were provisional anti-dumping duties which were collected. The German authorities forwarded the applications to the Commission.\n(3) Following the submission by the applicants of further supporting evidence the claims were examined by the Commission. The applicants were informed of the preliminary results of this examination and given an opportunity to comment on them. The comments made were taken into consideration prior to this Decision.\n(4) The Commission informed the Member States and gave its opinion on the matter. All Member States agreed with this opinion.\nB. Arguments of the applicants\n(5) The applicants have based their claims on the allegation that because the Commission used more up-to-date rates of exchange when discussing a possible undertaking, before the imposition of the provisional duty, the official rate of exchange should not have been used when calculating the amount of the duty to be paid in national currency. The difference between the two rates is requested as a refund by the applicants.\nC. Admissibility\n(6) The applications are admissible since they were introduced in conformity with the relevant provisions of the Community's anti-dumping legislation, in particular those concerning time limits.\nD. Merits of the claim\n(7) The applications would be justified if the importers had shown that the amounts of duty collected exceeded the actual dumping margin. In the case in question, the dumping margin amounts to 56,03 %. However, as a lower amount was considered sufficient to eliminate the injury, the provisional duty was fixed at a lower level, i.e. the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier net price, before duty, was less than 0,97 ECU per kilogram. This, based on the exchange rates valid during the investigation period, corresponded to a duty of approximately 13 %.\n(8) Concerning the collection of this variable duty, Article 1 (4) of Regulation (EEC) No 1631/83 clearly stated that 'the provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply for the application of the duty'. Consequently, the duty set in ECU had to be expressed in national currencies in conformity with Council Regulation (EEC) No 2779/78 (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 289/84 (2).\n(9) The Commission is well aware of the fact that the rate of exchange altered while the provisional duty was in operation. This matter was considered when the decision was made about the definitive collection of the amounts secured by way of provisional duty. It was found that, although there was an alteration in the exchange rate for the German mark between the date when securities were deposited and the date when these securities were definitively collected, the amount of that provisional duty did not exceed the definitively established margin.\n(10) The applicants argue that the abovementioned alterations in the exchange rates should not lead to any supplementary collection of duties. They also allege that these alterations led to the collection of duties, the amount of which exceeded the actual dumping margin.\n(11) The Commission has examined these allegations and has come to the conclusion that the mere fact that the effective rate of a duty in national currency has increased as a result of a change in exchange rates does not give a right to a refund pro tanto. As to the relation between duties collected and the dumping margin, it has, after re-examination of the matter, been found that the amounts collected, whatever exchange rate is applied - either the one valid at the time when securities were deposited, or the one valid during discussions for a possible undertaking or finally the one valid at the time of collection of the provisional duties - did not exceed the actual dumping margin.\n(12) The applications have, thus, to be rejected,\nThe refund claim submitted by MBG GmbH and Co., Frankfurt/Main, Fibron Wolfgang Mellert GmbH, Bretten/Baden and Menzolit-Werke, Albert Schmidt GmbH and Co. KG, Menzingen, is hereby rejected.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Federal Republic of Germany and to MBG GmbH and Co., Frankfurt/Main, Fibron Wolfang Mellert GmbH, Bretten/Baden and Menzolit-Werke, Albert Schmidt GmbH and Co. KG, Menzingen", "answer groups": ["Czechoslovakia", "glass fibre", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["international negotiations", "television", "agricultural land", "Brittany", "parking charge", "concentrated product", "EU legal system", "interurban migration", "forestry holding", "environmental law", "merger", "ACP-EU Committee of Ambassadors"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a023/2007 of 11 January 2007 laying down the allocation coefficient to be applied to import licence applications lodged from 1 to 8 January 2007 under the tariff quota opened by Regulation (EC) No\u00a0955/2005 for rice originating in Egypt\n12.1.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 7/14\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 23/2007\nof 11 January 2007\nlaying down the allocation coefficient to be applied to import licence applications lodged from 1 to 8 January 2007 under the tariff quota opened by Regulation (EC) No 955/2005 for rice originating in Egypt\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1785/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in rice\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1301/2006 of 31 August 2006 laying down common rules for the administration of import tariff quotas for agricultural products managed by a system of import licences\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 7(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 955/2005\u00a0(3) opened an annual import tariff quota for 5\u00a0605 tonnes of rice falling within CN code 1006 originating in Egypt (serial No 09.4097).\n(2) The notification made in accordance with Article 5(a) of Regulation (EC) No 955/2005 shows that the applications lodged from 1 to 8 January 2007 at 13.00 (Brussels time) in accordance with Article 4(1) of that Regulation exceed the quantities available. The extent to which licences may be issued should therefore be determined and the allocation coefficient to be applied to the quantities applied for should be laid down.\n(3) No further import licences should be issued under Regulation (EC) No 955/2005 for the current quota period,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Applications for import licences for rice originating in Egypt under the quota referred to in Regulation (EC) No 955/2005 lodged from 1 to 8 January 2007 at 13.00 (Brussels time) shall be accepted for the quantities applied for multiplied by an allocation coefficient of 8,270621\u00a0%.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The issue of licences for quantities requested from 13.00 (Brussels time) on 8 January 2007 is hereby suspended for the current quota period.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["rice", "import licence", "tariff quota", "Egypt", "quantitative restriction"], "distractor groups": ["textile product", "terminology", "contractual liability", "budget authorisation", "hire purchase", "restoration of customs duties", "nuclear fuel", "regions of Ireland", "artificial intelligence", "sea fish"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 30\u00a0July 2010 establishing the High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain\n3.8.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union C 210/4\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 30 July 2010\nestablishing the High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain\n2010/C 210/03\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 173(1) of the Treaty assigned the EU and the Member States the task of ensuring that the conditions necessary for the competitiveness of EU industry exist, in particular by encouraging an environment favourable to cooperation between undertakings. Article 173(2) in particular calls upon the Member States to consult each other in liaison with the Commission and, where necessary, to coordinate their actions. The Commission may take any useful initiative to promote such coordination.\n(2) The High Level Group on the Competitiveness of the Agro-Food Industry created by Commission Decision 2008/359/EC\u00a0(1) of 28 April 2008 drafted a report containing 30 recommendations and a roadmap of key initiatives with the aim of promoting the competitiveness of the European food industry.\n(3) In its Communication entitled \u2018A better functioning food supply chain in Europe\u2019\u00a0(2), the Commission presented ten policy initiatives aimed at correcting the problems identified during the single market review in the food sector and undertook to submit a report on their implementation, based on a discussion with stakeholders.\n(4) It is now necessary to ensure follow-up to the recommendations of the High Level Group on the Competitiveness of the Agro-Food Industry and to the Commission initiatives. A new expert group with extended competences must therefore be established in the form of a High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain, which should be representative of all food chain operators. This Forum will make it possible to ensure consistency between the various Commission initiatives.\n(5) The Forum must be composed of high-level personalities representing the Member States, the agricultural sector, the agro-food processing and food distribution industry, as well as non-governmental organisations with expertise in the food supply chain.\n(6) Rules on disclosure of information by members of the Forum should be laid down, without prejudice to the Commission provisions on security as set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom\u00a0(3).\n(7) Personal data relating to members of the Forum should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(4).\n(8) Decision 2008/359/EC should be repealed.\n(9) It is appropriate to fix a period for the application of this Decision,\nThe Forum\nA High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain, hereinafter \u2018the Forum\u2019, shall be established.\nTasks\nThe Forum shall assist the Commission with the development of industrial policy in the agro-food sector. For this purpose, it shall follow the recommendations of the High Level Group on the Competitiveness of the Agro-Food Industry established by Commission Decision 2008/359/EC on the one hand and, on the other hand, the implementation of the initiatives proposed by the Commission in its Communication \u2018A better functioning food supply chain in Europe\u2019.\nConsultation\nThe Commission may consult the Forum regarding any issue linked to the competitiveness and functioning of the food supply chain in the internal market, in order to draw up new recommendations in accordance with developments in the food supply chain.\nComposition \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Forum shall be composed of not more than 45 members.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Forum shall comprise:\n\u2014 Member State national authorities responsible for the food sector at ministerial level,\n\u2014 businesses actively involved in the agro-food industry, and in the trade and distribution of agro-food products in the EU,\n\u2014 associations and federations representing agriculture, the agro-food industry and the trade and distribution of agro-food products in the EU,\n\u2014 non-governmental organisations with expertise in matters relating to the food supply chain.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Each member of the Forum shall nominate a permanent representative for the preparatory group referred to in Article 5(2).\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be appointed for a one-year renewable term of office and shall remain in office until such time as they are replaced in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Article or until their term of office ends.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members may be replaced for the remainder of their term of office in any of the following cases:\n(a) where they resign;\n(b) where they are no longer in a position to contribute effectively to the work of the Forum;\n(c) where they do not comply with Article 339 of the Treaty.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of the members shall be published on the website of the Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry and in the Commission's Register of Expert Groups.\nMembers\u2019 names shall be collected, managed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.\nFunctioning\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Forum shall be chaired by the Commission. It shall produce an annual report on its activities, for the attention of the Commission, the Council and the European Parliament.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A preparatory group, hereinafter the \u2018sherpa group\u2019, shall prepare the debates, position papers and opinions with a view to producing the Forum's annual report. It shall be chaired by the Commission.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may convene working groups responsible for examining specific issues under a mandate established in agreement with the Forum or with the sherpa group. Such working groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may ask experts or observers with specific competence in a subject on the agenda to participate in the work of the Forum, or in the deliberations or work of the sherpa group or working groups.\nAt the request of the European Parliament, the Commission may ask the European Parliament to appoint one or more representatives to participate in the meetings of the Forum.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Forum, the sherpa group and the working groups shall generally meet on Commission premises, in accordance with the procedures and schedule laid down by the Commission, which shall provide secretarial services. Commission officials with an interest in the proceedings may attend meetings of the Forum, the sherpa group and the working groups.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the Forum, their representatives and the experts and observers invited shall comply with the professional secrecy obligations set out in the Treaties and in their implementing rules, and with the security rules of the Commission relating to the protection of EU classified information, as laid down in Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may publish, or place on the Internet, in the original language of the document concerned, any summary, conclusion, part of a conclusion or working document of the Forum, as well as any minutes and reports.\nWhere necessary, the Commission may translate all or part of these documents into all official EU languages.\nRepeal\nDecision 2008/359/EC is repealed.\nApplicability\nThis Decision is applicable until 31 December 2012", "answer groups": ["competition", "supply", "agri-foodstuffs", "consumer price", "price of agricultural produce", "foodstuff", "food price", "price fluctuation", "restriction on competition"], "distractor groups": ["England", "financial protocol", "EU Council committee", "nut", "UN International Drug Control Programme", "religious institution"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2006/33/EC of 20 March 2006 amending Directive 95/45/EC as regards sunset yellow FCF (E 110) and titanium dioxide (E 171) (Text with EEA relevance)\n21.3.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 82/10\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2006/33/EC\nof 20 March 2006\namending Directive 95/45/EC as regards sunset yellow FCF (E 110) and titanium dioxide (E 171)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 89/107/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning food additives authorised for use in foodstuffs intended for human consumption\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 3(3)(a) thereof,\nAfter consulting the European Food Safety Authority,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Directive 95/45/EC of 26 July 1995 laying down specific purity criteria concerning colours for use in foodstuffs\u00a0(2), sets out the purity criteria for the colours mentioned in Directive 94/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 1994 on colours for use in foodstuffs\u00a0(3).\n(2) Sunset yellow FCF (E 110) is authorised under Directive 94/36/EC as a colour for use in certain foodstuffs. There is scientific evidence that under certain circumstances, Sudan I (1-(phenylazo)-2-naphthalenol) may be formed as an impurity during the production of sunset yellow. Sudan I is an unauthorised colour and an undesired substance in food. Its presence in sunset yellow should therefore be restricted to an amount below the limit of detection, i.e. 0,5\u00a0mg/kg. The purity criteria for sunset yellow FCF (E 110) should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(3) Account should be taken of the specifications and analytical techniques for additives set out in the Codex Alimentarius as drafted by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). JECFA began the implementation of a systematic programme to replace the test for heavy metals (as lead) in all existing food additive specifications with appropriate limits for individual metals of concern. These limits for sunset yellow FCF (E 110) should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) Titanium dioxide (E 171) is authorised under Directive 94/36/EC as a colour for use in certain foodstuffs. Titanium dioxide can be manufactured to obtain crystals in the anatase or in the rutile form. The platelet form of rutile titanium dioxide differs from the anatase form in structure and optical properties (pearlescence). There is a technological need for the use of the platelet form of rutile titanium dioxide as a colour in foodstuffs and in film coatings for food supplement tablets. On 7 December 2004 the European Food Safety Authority stated that the use of rutile titanium dioxide in the platelet or amorphous forms would not pose any safety concerns. The purity criteria for titanium dioxide (E 171) should therefore be amended in order to include both the anatase and the rutile form of the substance.\n(5) Directive 95/45/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe Annex to Directive 95/45/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 10 April 2007 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["foodstuffs legislation", "food safety", "food colouring"], "distractor groups": ["agri-monetary policy", "environmental policy", "word processing", "polymer", "mental health", "workers' movement", "cattle", "special steels", "European audiovisual area", "wholesale trade", "tariff nomenclature", "scanner"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0405/2013 of 2\u00a0May 2013 opening and providing for the administration of Union tariff quotas for agricultural products originating in Peru\n3.5.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 121/35\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 405/2013\nof 2 May 2013\nopening and providing for the administration of Union tariff quotas for agricultural products originating in Peru\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 2012/735/EU of 31 May 2012 on the signing, on behalf of the Union, and provisional application of the Trade Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Colombia and Peru, of the other part\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Decision 2012/735/EU, the Council authorised the signing, on behalf of the Union, of the Trade Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Colombia and Peru, of the other part (\u2018the Agreement\u2019). Pursuant to Decision 2012/735/EU, the Agreement is to be applied on a provisional basis, pending the completion of the procedures for its conclusion. The Agreement applies on a provisional basis from 1 March 2013.\n(2) Subsection 2 of Section B of Appendix 1 to Annex I to the Agreement concerns the tariff elimination schedule of the EU party for goods originating in Peru. For a number of specific products, it provides for the application of tariff quotas. It is therefore necessary to open tariff quotas for such products.\n(3) The tariff quotas should be managed by the Commission on a first-come, first-served basis in accordance with Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No\u00a02913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(2).\n(4) Entitlement to benefit from the tariff concessions should be subject to the presentation of the relevant proof of origin to the customs authorities, as provided for in the Agreement.\n(5) Annex I to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff\u00a0(3), as amended by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 927/2012\u00a0(4), contains new CN codes which are different from those referred to in the Agreement. The new codes should therefore be reflected in the Annex to this Regulation.\n(6) Since the Agreement takes effect on 1 March 2013, this Regulation should apply from the same date.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nUnion tariff quotas are opened for the goods originating in Peru and listed in the Annex.\nThe customs duties applicable to imports into the Union of goods originating in Peru and listed in the Annex shall, within the respective tariff quota set out in the Annex to this Regulation, be suspended.\nThe tariff quotas in the Annex shall be managed by the Commission in accordance with Articles 308a to 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 March 2013.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["suspension of customs duties", "agricultural product", "import (EU)", "originating product", "tariff quota", "Peru"], "distractor groups": ["Kuyavia-Pomerania province", "prescription drug abuse", "histology", "calcium", "buying group", "executive power", "institutional activity", "vegetable juice", "amending budget"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2001/31/EC: Commission Decision of 20 December 2000 modifying Decision 2000/159/EC on the provisional approval of residue plans of third countries according to Council Directive 96/23/EC (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2000) 3992)\nCommission Decision\nof 20 December 2000\nmodifying Decision 2000/159/EC on the provisional approval of residue plans of third countries according to Council Directive 96/23/EC\n(notified under document number C(2000) 3992)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2001/31/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 96/23/EC of 29 April 1996 on measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof in live animals and animal products and repealing Directives 85/358/EEC and 86/469/EEC and Decisions 89/187/EEC and 91/664/EEC(1), and in particular Article 29 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 72/462/EEC of 12 December 1972 on health and veterinary inspection problems upon importation of bovine animals and swine and fresh meat from third countries(2), as last amended by Directive 97/79/EC(3), and in particular Article 3 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) There is a public health concern in relation to residues in products of animal origin. Therefore residue plans on these products shall be approved and regularly updated.\n(2) 31 March of each year is the deadline set in Article 8(3) of Directive 96/23/EC for third countries to forward to the Commission the monitoring plans for the current year and results of the previous year.\n(3) Council Decision 95/408/EC on the conditions for drawing up, for an interim period, provisional lists of third country establishments from which Member States are authorised to import certain products of animal origin(4), also lays down the conditions to amend the lists of approved establishments in third countries.\n(4) The Annex to Commission Decision 2000/159/EC of 8 February 2000 on the provisional approval of residue plans of third countries according to Council Directive 96/23/EC(5), indicates the third countries which have submitted a plan, setting out the guarantees which it offers as regards the monitoring of the groups of residues and substances referred to in Annex 1 to Directive 96/23/EC. Consequently, when these guarantees are not provided, the lists laid down by Decision 95/408/EC should be amended in accordance with the modifications to the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC.\n(5) Some third countries have presented residue monitoring plans including results thereof to the Commission, and there is a need for evaluation, additional information and further clarifications. Pending further evaluation, these third countries may remain in the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC on the provisional approval of residue plans of third countries according to Directive 96/23/EC.\n(6) Some third countries have not presented residue monitoring plans or results thereof to the Commission or have presented totally insufficient guarantees. In accordance with Article 29 of Directive 96/23/EC, these third countries should be provisionally suspended from the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC.\n(7) A few third countries have not submitted residue monitoring plans or results thereof because they export only foodstuffs derived from raw material originating from other third countries considered to comply provisionally with Directive 96/23/EC. Consequently, when the competent authorities can certify the origin of the raw material, these third countries should not be suspended from the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC, and the corresponding establishments should be maintained on the provisional lists drawn up in accordance with Decision 95/408/EC.\n(8) As specified in Directive 96/23/EC, third countries that wish to export products of animal origin for human consumption to the European Community may submit their residue monitoring plan at any time to the Commission for approval. In the case of approval of these residue monitoring plans, the third country should be added to the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC.\n(9) Animal casings may contain residues covered by Directive 96/23/EC. Scientific advice on possible safety concerns due to residues in casings was requested. Pending this advice specific guarantees from the third countries exporting only casings to the European Community have been requested. In the meantime, these third countries are provisionally maintained in the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC.\n(10) A definitive list of countries considered to comply with Directive 96/23/EC will be established after the full evaluation of residue monitoring plans presented to the Commission.\n(11) In the light of the foregoing, it is appropriate to update the Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC on the provisional approval of residue plans of third countries according to Directive 96/23/EC. Decision 2000/159/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Veterinary Committee,\nThe Annex to Decision 2000/159/EC is replaced by the Annex to the present Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["veterinary legislation", "health risk", "animal product", "third country", "hormone", "live animal"], "distractor groups": ["Arab organisation", "data collection", "world consumption", "flat product", "regions of Denmark", "Cotonou Agreement", "public finance", "public international law", "space vehicle"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/246/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 2\u00a0May 2012 amending Decision 2011/207/EU establishing a specific control and inspection programme related to the recovery of bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (notified under document C(2012) 2800)\n8.5.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 121/25\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 2 May 2012\namending Decision 2011/207/EU establishing a specific control and inspection programme related to the recovery of bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean\n(notified under document C(2012) 2800)\n(2012/246/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1224/2009 of 20 November 2009 establishing a Community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 95 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In 2006 the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) adopted a multiannual recovery plan for bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. ICCAT amended that multiannual recovery plan during the 2008 Annual Meeting. The amended plan was transposed into Union law by way of Council Regulation (EC) No 302/2009 of 6 April 2009 concerning a multiannual recovery plan for bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean\u00a0(2). This plan was further amended and endorsed in the 2010 ICCAT Annual Meeting by way of ICCAT Recommendation 10-04\u00a0(3).\n(2) To ensure the successful implementation of the amended multiannual recovery plan, Commission Decision 2009/296/EC\u00a0(4) established a specific control and inspection programme covering a period of two years, from 15 March 2009 to 15 March 2011.\n(3) The specific control and inspection programme related to the recovery of bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, as established by Commission Decision 2011/207/EU\u00a0(5), was adopted with a view of ensuring the continuity of the programme established by Decision 2009/296/EC and immediately implementing certain provisions of ICCAT Recommendation 10-04, in particular those on the early submission of required fishing and inspection plans. Decision 2011/207/EU covers the period from 15 March 2011 to 15 March 2014.\n(4) In light of the discussions in ICCAT at the 2011 Annual Meeting and with a view to fully implement the provisions required by ICCAT, it is appropriate to implement the requirements concerning sampling and pilot operations set out in paragraph 87 of ICCAT Recommendation 10-04 establishing a multiannual recovery plan for bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean.\n(5) It is also appropriate to update and correct certain obsolete or erroneous references that existed in Decision 2011/207/EU.\n(6) Decision 2011/207/EU should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for Fisheries and Aquaculture,\nDecision 2011/207/EU is amended as follows:\n1. the title is replaced by the following:\n2. in Article 3, point 2 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182. all catches, landings, transfers, transhipments and caging operations, including sampling programmes and pilot studies;\u2019;\n3. in Article 4, the following points 9 and 10 are added:\n\u20189. the implementation of pilot studies on how to better estimate both the number and weight of bluefin tuna at the point of capture;\n10. the implementation of sampling programmes and/or alternative programmes at the time of caging in order to improve the counting and the weight estimations of the caged fish.\u2019;\n4. in Article 9, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:\n5. Article 10 is replaced by the following:\n6. in Article 14, the words \u2018the Community Fisheries Control Agency (CFCA)\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018the EFCA\u2019.\n7. Article 15 is amended as follows:\n(a) in paragraph 1, the words \u2018the CFCA\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018the EFCA\u2019;\n(b) in paragraph 3, the introductory sentence is replaced by the following:\n8. Annexes I and II are replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["sea fish", "fishing controls", "conservation of fish stocks", "sea fishing", "catch area", "Atlantic Ocean", "offence", "Mediterranean Sea"], "distractor groups": ["workplace", "Severen tsentralen (Bulgaria)", "labelling", "S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe", "fraud", "property tax", "genetic engineering"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2009/427/EC: Commission Decision of 3\u00a0June 2009 establishing the expert group for technical advice on organic production\n5.6.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 139/29\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 3 June 2009\nestablishing the expert group for technical advice on organic production\n(2009/427/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91\u00a0(1), defines objectives and principles applicable to organic production and lays down basic requirements with regard to production, labelling and control of organic products in the plant, livestock and aquaculture production.\n(2) With the Communication from the Commission to the Council and to the European Parliament on a European action plan for organic food and farming adopted in June 2004\u00a0(2), the Commission intends to assess the situation and to lay down the basis for policy development, thereby providing an overall strategic vision for the contribution of organic farming to the common agricultural policy. In particular, the European action plan for organic food and farming recommends, in action 11, establishing an independent expert panel for technical advice.\n(3) The Commission may need technical advice to decide on the authorisation of the use of products, substances and techniques in organic farming and processing, to develop or improve organic production rules and, more in general, for any other matter relating to the area of organic production. These are complex and time consuming exercises, for which a high degree of specialisation is required.\n(4) It is therefore necessary to set up a group of experts in the field of organic production and to define its tasks and its structure.\n(5) The group should help to ensure easy access to highly qualified technical expertise in a wide range of fields related to organic production.\n(6) The group should be composed of scientists and other experts with competences related to organic production and should deliver independent, excellent and transparent technical advice to the Commission.\n(7) Rules on disclosure of information by members of the group should be provided for, without prejudice to the Commission\u2019s rules on security as set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom\u00a0(3).\n(8) Personal data relating to members of the group should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(4),\nThe \u2018expert group for technical advice on organic production\u2019\nThe expert group for technical advice on organic production, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019, is hereby set up.\nTask\nThe group\u2019s task shall be to assist the Commission in:\n(a) evaluating products, substances and techniques which can be used in organic production, taking into account objectives and principles laid down in Regulation (EC) No 834/2007;\n(b) improving existing rules and developing new production rules;\n(c) bringing about an exchange of experience and good practices in the field of organic production.\nConsultation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to the area of organic production.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The chairperson of the group may advise the Commission that it is desirable to consult the group on a specific question.\nMembership \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of 13 members.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the group shall be appointed by the Commission from specialists with competence in the areas referred to in Articles 2 and 3(1) and who have responded to the public call for applications. The Commission may also establish a pool list of candidates that could not be appointed as permanent members although they were considered suitable for a position in the group in the course of the selection procedure.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This pool list can be used to appoint replacements for members of the group or to appoint as members of the sub-groups.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the group and of the sub-groups shall be appointed in a personal capacity and shall advise the Commission independently of any outside influence.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members of the group are appointed for a three-year renewable term of office and may not serve for more than three consecutive mandates. They shall remain in office until such time as they are replaced in accordance with paragraph 6 or their term of office ends.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members who are no longer capable of contributing effectively to the group\u2019s deliberations, who resign or who do not comply with the conditions set out in paragraph 4 of this Article, or Article 287 of the Treaty, may be replaced for the remainder of their term of office.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members appointed in a personal capacity shall each year sign an undertaking to act in the public interest and a declaration indicating the absence or existence of any interest which may undermine their objectivity. They shall also declare at each meeting any specific interest which may be considered as prejudicial to their independence in relation to the items on the agenda.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of members appointed in a personal capacity in the group and in the sub-groups and those included in the pool list shall be published on the Internet site of the Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development and in the Register of Expert Groups. These names shall be collected, processed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group elects a chairperson and two vice-chairpersons from its members by a simple majority.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development, sub-groups may be set up to examine specific questions under terms of reference established by the group. Such groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled. Sub-groups shall be composed of up to seven members from the members of the group or from the pool list referred to in Article 4(3).\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission\u2019s representative may ask experts or observers with specific competence on a subject on the agenda to participate in the group\u2019s or sub-group\u2019s deliberations if this is useful or necessary.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Information obtained by participating in the deliberations of a group or sub-group shall not be divulged if, in the opinion of the Commission, that information relates to confidential matters.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group and its sub-groups shall normally meet on Commission premises in accordance with the procedures and schedule established by it. The Commission shall provide secretarial services. Other Commission officials with an interest in the proceedings may attend meetings of the group and its sub-groups.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure adopted by the Commission\u00a0(5).\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may publish on the Internet, in the original language of the document concerned, the agenda, the minutes, any summary, conclusion, or partial conclusion or working document of the group.\nMeeting expenses\nThe Commission shall reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses for members and experts in connection with the group\u2019s activities in accordance with the Commission\u2019s rules on the compensation of external experts.\nNo remuneration shall be paid for the services rendered under this Decision.\nMeeting expenses are reimbursed within the limits of the annual budget allocated to the group by the responsible Commission services.\nEntry into force\nThe decision shall take effect on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["food inspection", "organic farming", "animal product", "fact-finding mission", "food processing"], "distractor groups": ["religious institution", "action for annulment (EU)", "Hungary", "EU law - international law", "product life", "electronic component", "corporate finance", "mutual assistance", "higher education", "jewellery and goldsmith's articles"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2006/127/EC of 7 December 2006 amending Directive 2003/91/EC setting out implementing measures for the purposes of Article 7 of Council Directive 2002/55/EC as regards the characteristics to be covered as a minimum by the examination and the minimum conditions for examining certain varieties of vegetable species (Text with EEA relevance)\n8.12.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 343/82\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2006/127/EC\nof 7 December 2006\namending Directive 2003/91/EC setting out implementing measures for the purposes of Article 7 of Council Directive 2002/55/EC as regards the characteristics to be covered as a minimum by the examination and the minimum conditions for examining certain varieties of vegetable species\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2002/55/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of vegetable seed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 7(2)(a) and (b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Directive 2003/91/EC\u00a0(2) was adopted to ensure that the varieties the Member States include in their national catalogues comply with the guidelines established by the Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) as regards the characteristics to be covered as a minimum by the examination and the minimum conditions for examining the varieties, as far as such guidelines had been established. For other varieties the Directive provides that guidelines of the International Union for Protection of new Varieties of Plants (UPOV) are to apply.\n(2) The CPVO and UPOV have since issued further guidelines for a number of other species, and have updated existing ones.\n(3) The scope of Directive 2002/55/EC has been extended in order to cover new species.\n(4) Directive 2003/91/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nAnnexes I and II to Directive 2003/91/EC are replaced by the text in the Annex to this Directive.\nFor examinations started before 1 July 2007 Member States may decide to apply Directive 2003/91/EC in the version applying before its amendment by the present Directive.\nMember States shall adopt and publish, by 30 June 2007 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 July 2007.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["vegetable", "catalogue", "Community certification", "plant health control", "Community Plant Variety Office"], "distractor groups": ["export policy", "deforestation", "gulf", "aperitif", "cork", "military training", "gas supply", "development policy", "signature of an agreement", "terms for aid"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/226/EU: Commission Decision of 23\u00a0April 2012 on the second set of common safety targets as regards the rail system (notified under document C(2012) 2084) Text with EEA relevance\n27.4.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 115/27\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 April 2012\non the second set of common safety targets as regards the rail system\n(notified under document C(2012) 2084)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2012/226/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2004/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on safety on the Community\u2019s railways and amending Council Directive 95/18/EC on the licensing of railway undertakings and Directive 2001/14/EC on the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the levying of charges for the use of railway infrastructure and safety certification (Railway Safety Directive)\u00a0(1), and in particular the second subparagraph of Article 7(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Commission issued a mandate to the European Railway Agency (\u2018the Agency\u2019) in accordance with Directive 2004/49/EC to draw up draft common safety targets (\u2018CSTs\u2019) and the related draft common safety methods for the period from 2011 to 2015. The Agency submitted its recommendation on the second set of draft CSTs to the Commission. This Decision is based on the recommendation by the Agency.\n(2) According to the methodology established by Commission Decision 2009/460/EC of 5 June 2009 on the adoption of a common safety method for assessment of achievement of safety targets, as referred to in Article 6 of Directive 2004/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2), and in order to establish the first and second set of CSTs in accordance with Directive 2004/49/EC, it is necessary to quantitatively identify the current safety performance of railway systems in Member States by means of national reference values (\u2018NRVs\u2019). Decision 2009/460/EC defines NRV as a reference measure indicating, for the Member State concerned, the maximum tolerable level for a railway risk category. However, if the NRV is higher than the corresponding CST calculated on the basis of the methodology, the maximum tolerable level of risk for a Member State is the corresponding CST derived from the NRVs, in accordance with the methodology set out in Section 2.2 of the Annex to Decision 2009/460/EC.\n(3) The values for the first set of CSTs, calculated on the basis of data from 2004 to 2007, were set out in Commission Decision 2010/409/EU of 19 July 2010 on Common Safety Targets as referred to in Article 7 of Directive 2004/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(3).\n(4) Directive 2004/49/EC provides for a second set of CSTs, which are to be based on the experience gained from the first set of common safety targets and their implementation. It should reflect any priority areas where safety needs to be further improved. The values for the second set of CSTs have been calculated on the basis of the data from 2004 to 2009, which have been supplied to Eurostat by Member States in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 91/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2002 on rail transport statistics\u00a0(4). They have been calculated using the methodology set out in points 2.1.1 and 2.3.1 of the Annex to Decision 2009/460/EC.\n(5) Since the first set of CSTs was published in July 2010, there has not been enough time to gain sufficient experience to change the risk categories. The risk categories remain therefore the same as for the first set of CSTs. However, based on the number of accidents and fatalities in rail traffic, the two main risk categories are unauthorised persons on railway premises (60\u00a0% of fatalities) and level crossing users (29\u00a0% of fatalities).\n(6) The values for the second set of CSTs cover the Union rail system as a whole. There are no data available for calculating CSTs for the different parts of the rail system as laid down in point (e) of Article 3 of Directive 2004/49/EC. That provision defines CSTs as the safety levels that must at least be reached by different parts of the rail system (such as the conventional rail system, the high speed rail system, long railway tunnels or lines solely used for freight transport) and by the system as a whole, expressed in risk acceptance criteria. The development of CSTs for those parts of the rail system is at the moment not feasible due to the lack of harmonised and reliable data on safety performance of parts of rail systems which are in operation in the Member States. However, it is appropriate to adopt the second set of CSTs.\n(7) Decision 2010/409/EU should therefore be replaced by this Decision.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee referred to in Article 27(1) of Directive 2004/49/EC,\nSubject matter and definitions\nThis Decision establishes the second set of common safety targets for the rail system in accordance with Directive 2004/49/EC and Decision 2009/460/EC.\nFor the purposes of this Decision, the definitions of Directive 2004/49/EC, Regulation (EC) No 91/2003 and Decision 2009/460/EC apply.\nNational reference values\nThe national reference values for the Member States and for the different risk categories used to calculate the common safety targets are set out in Part 1 of the Annex.\nCommon safety targets\nThe values, which cover the rail system as a whole, of the second set of common safety targets for the different risk categories are set out in Part 2 of the Annex.\nRepeal\nDecision 2010/409/EU is repealed.\nAddressees\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["rail transport", "carriage of passengers", "transport safety", "transport staff"], "distractor groups": ["operational programme", "cereal-growing", "management techniques", "services contract", "audiovisual industry", "announcement of candidacy", "pay television", "EU situation", "video surveillance", "economic policy", "European Ombudsman"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/115/EC: Commission Decision of 12 February 2007 amending Decision 2004/432/EC on the approval of residue monitoring plans submitted by third countries in accordance with Council Directive 96/23/EC (notified under document number C(2007) 403) (Text with EEA relevance )\n17.2.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 49/25\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 12 February 2007\namending Decision 2004/432/EC on the approval of residue monitoring plans submitted by third countries in accordance with Council Directive 96/23/EC\n(notified under document number C(2007) 403)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2007/115/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 96/23/EC of 29 April 1996 on measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof in live animals and animal products and repealing Directives 85/358/EEC and 86/469/EEC and Decisions 89/187/EEC and 91/664/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular the fourth subparagraph of Article 29(1) and Article 29(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 96/23/EC lays down measures to monitor the substances and groups of residues listed in Annex I thereto. Pursuant to Directive 96/23/EC, the inclusion and retention on the lists of third countries, provided for in Community legislation, from which Member States are authorised to import animals and primary products of animal origin covered by that Directive, are subject to submission by the third countries concerned of a plan setting out the guarantees which they offer as regards the monitoring of the groups of residues and substances referred to in that Directive.\n(2) Commission Decision 2004/432/EC of 29 April 2004 on the approval of residue monitoring plans submitted by third countries in accordance with Council Directive 96/23/EC\u00a0(2) lists those third countries which have submitted a residue monitoring plan, setting out the guarantees offered by them in compliance with the requirements of that Directive.\n(3) Certain third countries have presented residue monitoring plans to the Commission for animals and products of animal origin not currently listed in Decision 2004/432/EC. The evaluation of those plans and the additional information requested by the Commission provide sufficient guarantees on the residue monitoring in those third countries for the animals and products concerned. The relevant animals and products of animal origin should therefore be included in the list for those third countries in that Decision.\n(4) Certain third countries have voluntarily asked not to be included in the list in Decision 2004/432/EC for some categories of animals and products of animal origin. The entries concerning relevant animals and products of animal origin should therefore be deleted from the list for those third countries.\n(5) Certain third countries which are currently listed for certain animals or products of animal origin under Decision 2004/432/EC have not submitted to the Commission the requested guarantees for some of these animals and products of animal origin. In the absence of such guarantees, the entries for the relevant animals and products of animal origin should therefore be deleted in the list for those third countries. The third countries concerned have been informed accordingly.\n(6) In addition, certain third countries are listed in the Annex to Decision 2004/432/EC for bovine, ovine/caprine, swine and equine with the limitation \u2018only for casings\u2019. That limitation was inserted in that Annex as an information on the third countries from which casings should be allowed to be imported. However, those third countries have not to submit a residue plan specifically for casings for approval, since a residue monitoring plan is not considered to be needed for these products. Accordingly, in the interest of clarity of Community legislation the entries with the limitation \u2018only for casings\u2019 should be deleted from the list in the Annex to Decision 2004/432/EC, without any prejudice to the imports of such products.\n(7) The responsibility to evaluate the residue control plans for all categories of animals and products of animal origin from Norway lies with the EFTA Surveillance Authority. Therefore the entries for that country should be deleted from the list in the Annex to Decision 2004/432/EC.\n(8) The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro has dissolved. Therefore the footnote which refers to the previous denomination should be deleted from the list in that Annex.\n(9) Decision 2004/432/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe Annex to Decision 2004/432/EC is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision shall apply from the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["animal nutrition", "veterinary legislation", "waste", "third country", "animal product"], "distractor groups": ["Basque Country", "regional accounting", "hidden unemployment", "European Institute of Public Administration", "Sliven region", "carpet", "mass education", "double-ballot voting system", "European Union Solidarity Fund", "Vilnius county"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2005/11/EC of 16 February 2005 amending, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical progress, Council Directive 92/23/EEC relating to tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers and to their fittingText with EEA relevance\n17.2.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 46/42\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2005/11/EC\nof 16 February 2005\namending, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical progress, Council Directive 92/23/EEC relating to tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers and to their fitting\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 13(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 92/23/EEC of 31 March 1992 relating to tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers and to their fitting\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 10 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 92/23/EEC is one of the separate Directives of the EC type-approval procedure established by Directive 70/156/EEC.\n(2) Directive 92/23/EEC as amended by Directive 2001/43/EC provides the possibility for type-approval authorities to accept tyre manufacturers\u2019 laboratories as approved test laboratories until 31 December 2005. The experience with this provision has been very positive and therefore the possibility should be continued and that deadline should be removed.\n(3) Technical progress in the tyre-producing sector is very fast. Due to strong demand from consumers and the car industry, the production cycles of tyres become faster and the variety of tyre types is constantly increasing. This situation is expected to become even more critical in the future since very expensive or unique test installations and expertise will be required. In order to be able to bring the newly developed products on to the market without delay, a sufficient number of test facilities, which can be used in a flexible manner, is indispensable.\n(4) In line with the development of superior tyres due to technical progress, the related test procedures need to be more and more sophisticated. There is currently no test capacity outside that of tyre manufacturers that would be able to cope with the high number of tests needed.\n(5) Directive 92/23/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee for Adaptation to Technical Progress established by Article 13(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC,\nPoint 1.3 of Annex I to Directive 92/23/EEC is replaced by the following:\n\u20181.3. The approval authority may accept the laboratories of the tyre manufacturers as approved test laboratories pursuant to Article 14(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC.\u2019\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall adopt and publish, by 31 December 2005 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2006.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["Community certification", "research body", "testing", "industrial research", "pneumatic tyre"], "distractor groups": ["telephone charges", "halogen", "trade intermediary", "emission allowance", "bioconversion", "audiovisual industry", "Pleven region", "conversion to beef production", "intermediate technology", "automatic game"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/706/EC: Commission Decision of 15 October 2004 establishing the European Corporate Governance Forum\n22.10.2004 EN XM Official Journal of the European Union L 321/53\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 15 October 2004\nestablishing the European Corporate Governance Forum\n(2004/706/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) Good and transparent corporate governance is essential for enhancing competitiveness and efficiency of businesses in the European Union as well as strengthening shareholders rights and third parties protection.\n(2) The Commission set up in September 2001 a high level group of company law experts to make recommendations on a modern regulatory framework for company law; the mandate of the high level group of company law experts was further extended to deal specifically with a number of corporate governance issues.\n(3) Following the presentation of the final report of the high level group of experts on company law on 4 November 2002, the Council invited the Commission to develop an Action Plan for company law and corporate governance; such an Action Plan should be in particular a considered response to recent corporate failures.\n(4) The Commission Action Plan on modernising company law and enhancing corporate governance in the European Union\u00a0(1), adopted in May 2003 identified a series of actions that are required in order to modernise and simplify the regulatory framework, including the creation of the European Corporate Governance Forum.\n(5) On 22 September 2003 the Council welcomed the presentation of the Action Plan which it considered to be an important element of establishing a transparent and sound capital market in an enlarged Union; the Council endorsed the Commission\u2019s recognition of the importance of expert and public consultation as an integral part of the development of company law and corporate governance at European level and took note of the Commission\u2019s intention to set up a Forum on systems of corporate governance within the European Union.\n(6) The European Corporate Governance Forum should serve as a body for exchange of information and best practices existing in Member States in order to enhance the convergence of national codes of corporate governance as well as a body for reflection, debate and advice to the Commission in the field of corporate governance.\n(7) The European Corporate Governance Forum should draw up its own rules of procedure and fully respect the role and the prerogatives of the institutions\u00a0(2),\nAn expert group on corporate governance in the Community, called the \u2018European Corporate Governance Forum\u2019 (hereinafter referred to as the Forum) is hereby established.\nThe role of the Forum shall be, in the light of developing corporate governance practices in the Member States, to enhance the convergence of national codes of corporate governance and to provide strategic advice to the Commission, either at the Commission\u2019s request or on its own initiative, on policy issues in the field of corporate governance.\nThe Forum shall comprise 15 members at most whose experience and competence regarding corporate governance are widely recognised at Community level. The members of the Forum shall be appointed by the Commission. The list of members is reproduced in annex.\nThe Commission shall be present at meetings of the Forum and shall designate a high-level representative to participate in its debates.\nThe Forum shall be chaired by a representative of the Commission.\nThe term of office of members of the Forum shall be three years. It shall be renewable. After the expiry of the three-year period, members of the Forum shall remain in office until they are replaced or their appointments are renewed. In the event of resignation or death of a member of the Forum during the period of appointment the Commission shall appoint a new member of the Forum in accordance with Article 3.\nThe list of members shall be published by the Commission in the Official Journal of the European Union for information purposes.\nThe Forum may invite experts and observers to attend its meetings.\nThe Forum may set up working groups.\nThe Forum shall present an annual report to the Commission.\nThe Forum shall adopt its own rules of procedure.\nThe Secretariat of the Forum shall be provided by the Commission.\nTravel and subsistence expenses incurred by members, observers and experts, in connection with the activities of the Forum, shall be reimbursed by the Commission in accordance with the provisions in force within the Commission. Their functions shall not be remunerated.\n0\nThe Forum shall take up its duties on 18 October 2004", "answer groups": ["activity report", "corporate governance", "self-employed person", "EU office or agency", "appointment of members", "approximation of laws", "forum", "consultancy"], "distractor groups": ["tax exemption", "regions of Poland", "sport", "market research", "tax avoidance", "iron and steel-working machinery", "parliamentary inquiry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2012/779/: Council Decision of 11\u00a0December 2012 appointing a Dutch member and a Dutch alternate member of the Committee of the Regions\n14.12.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 342/45\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 11 December 2012\nappointing a Dutch member and a Dutch alternate member of the Committee of the Regions\n(2012/779/EU)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 305 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal of the Dutch Government,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 22 December 2009 and on 18 January 2010, the Council adopted Decisions 2009/1014/EU\u00a0(1) and 2010/29/EU\u00a0(2) appointing the members and alternate members of the Committee of the Regions for the period from 26 January 2010 to 25 January 2015.\n(2) A member\u2019s seat on the Committee of the Regions has become vacant following the end of the term of office of Mr C.H.J. (Cor) LAMERS.\n(3) An alternate member\u2019s seat has become vacant following the end of the term of office of Mr F. (Frank) de VRIES,\nThe following are hereby appointed to the Committee of the Regions for the remainder of the current term of office, which runs until 25 January 2015:\n(a) as member:\n\u2014 Mr C.H.J. (Cor) LAMERS, Burgemeester (mayor) of the municipality of Schiedam;\n(b) as alternate member:\n\u2014 Ms J.H.M. (Jon) HERMANS-VLOEDBELD, Burgemeester (mayor) of the municipality of Almelo.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption", "answer groups": ["European Committee of the Regions", "Netherlands", "appointment of members"], "distractor groups": ["management information system", "industrial secret", "single monetary policy", "criminal law", "alternative service", "Province of West Flanders", "electric cable", "notary", "green economy", "rural migration", "Riga", "quality label"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1079/2014 of 14 October 2014 fixing the interest rates to be used for calculating the costs of financing intervention measures comprising buying-in, storage and disposal for the 2015 EAGF accounting year\n15.10.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 297/7\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 1079/2014\nof 14 October 2014\nfixing the interest rates to be used for calculating the costs of financing intervention measures comprising buying-in, storage and disposal for the 2015 EAGF accounting year\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on the financing, management and monitoring of the common agricultural policy and repealing Council Regulations\u00a0(EEC) No 352/78, (EC) No 165/94, (EC) No 2799/98, (EC) No 814/2000, (EC) No 1290/2005 and (EC) No\u00a0485/2008\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 20(1) and (4) thereof,\nAfter consulting the Committee on the Agricultural Funds,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 3(1)(a) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014\u00a0(2) provides that expenditure relating to the financing costs incurred by Member States in mobilising funds to buy in products is to be determined in accordance with the methods set out in Annex I to that Regulation.\n(2) Point I.1 of Annex I to Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014 provides that the financing costs in question are to be calculated on the basis of a uniform interest rate for the Union fixed by the Commission at the beginning of every accounting year. This interest rate corresponds to the average of the 3-month and 12-month forward Euribor rates, recorded in the six months preceding the notification from the Member States provided for in the first paragraph of point I.2 of that Annex, with a weighting of one third and two thirds respectively.\n(3) Furthermore, in accordance with the second paragraph of point I.2 of Annex I to Delegated Regulation (EU) No\u00a0906/2014, in the absence of any notification from a Member State, in the form and by the deadline referred to in the first paragraph of that point, the interest rate borne by that Member State shall be considered to be 0 %. Where a Member State declares that it did not bear any interest costs because it did not have agricultural products in public storage during the reference period, the Commission shall fix that interest rate in accordance with the third paragraph of that point.\n(4) In accordance with point I.3 of Annex I to Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014, the interest rate determined on the basis of point I.2 of that Annex is to be compared with the uniform interest rate fixed on the basis of point I.1 of that Annex. The interest rate applicable to each Member State shall be the lower of these two interest rates\n(5) Given that there were no agricultural products in public storage during the six months reference period from March to August 2014, Member States were not requested to make notifications under the first paragraph of point I.2 of Annex I to Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014.\n(6) The interest rates applicable for the 2015 EAGF accounting year should be fixed taking those various factors into account,\nFor expenditure relating to the financing costs incurred by Member States in mobilising funds to buy in products chargeable to the 2015 accounting year of the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF), the interest rates provided for in Annex I to Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014 in accordance with Article 3(1)(a) of that Regulation shall be the uniform interest rate fixed at 0,4 %.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 October 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["intervention buying", "interest", "EAGF", "intervention stock", "agricultural product", "agricultural expenditure"], "distractor groups": ["Groningen", "digital archiving", "magistrate", "non-refundable aid", "single-family housing", "conventional weapon", "cooperation policy", "apprenticeship", "political cohabitation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2007/73/EC of 13 December 2007 amending certain Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC as regards maximum residue levels for acetamiprid, atrazine, deltamethrin, imazalil, indoxacarb, pendimethalin, pymetrozine, pyraclostrobin, thiacloprid and trifloxystrobin (Text with EEA relevance)\n14.12.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 329/40\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2007/73/EC\nof 13 December 2007\namending certain Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC as regards maximum residue levels for acetamiprid, atrazine, deltamethrin, imazalil, indoxacarb, pendimethalin, pymetrozine, pyraclostrobin, thiacloprid and trifloxystrobin\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 10 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 7 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/414/EEC of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market\u00a0(3), and in particular Article 4(1)(f) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Directive 91/414/EEC, authorisations of plant protection products for use on specific crops are the responsibility of the Member States. Such authorisations have to be based on the evaluation of effects on human and animal health and influence on the environment. Elements to be taken into account in such evaluations include operator and bystander exposure and impact on the terrestrial, aquatic and aerial environments, as well as impact on humans and animals through consumption of residues on treated crops.\n(2) Maximum residue levels (MRLs) reflect the use of minimum quantities of pesticides to achieve effective protection of plants, applied in such a manner that the amount of residue is the smallest practicable and is toxicologically acceptable, in particular in terms of estimated dietary intake.\n(3) For atrazine temporary MRLs have been set in Directive 86/362/EEC by Commission Directive 2007/7/EC\u00a0(4), pending submission of data by the applicant. Upon further examination, it appeared that more time should be allowed for the generation of residue trials data. It is therefore appropriate to prolong the validity of temporary MRLs for atrazine.\n(4) MRLs for pesticides covered by Directive 90/642/EEC are to be kept under review and may be modified to take account of new or changed uses. Information about new or changed uses has been communicated to the Commission which should lead to changes in the residue levels of acetamiprid, deltamethrin, indoxacarb, pendimethalin, pymetrozine, pyraclostrobin, thiacloprid and trifloxystrobin.\n(5) For imazalil a Member State informed the Commission of its desire to revise national MRLs in accordance with Article 8 of Directive 90/642/EEC in the light of concerns about consumer intake. Proposals for the review of Community MRLs were submitted to the Commission.\n(6) The lifetime exposure of consumers to the pesticides referred to in this Directive via food products that may contain residues of those pesticides has been assessed and evaluated in accordance with the procedures and practices used within the Community, taking account of guidelines published by the World Health Organisation\u00a0(5). Based on those assessments and evaluations, the MRLs for those pesticides should be set so as to ensure that the acceptable daily intake is not exceeded.\n(7) An acute reference dose (ARfD) has been set for acetamiprid, deltamethrin, imazalil, indoxacarb, pymetrozine, pyraclostrobin and thiacloprid. The acute exposure of consumers via each of the food products that may contain residues of these pesticides has been assessed and evaluated in accordance with the procedures and practices currently used within the Community, taking account of guidelines published by the World Health Organisation. The opinions of the Scientific Committee on Plants (SCP), in particular advice and recommendations concerning the protection of consumers of food products treated with pesticides\u00a0(6), have been taken into account. Based on the dietary intake assessment, the MRLs for those pesticides should be fixed so as to ensure that the ARfD will not be exceeded. In the case of the other substances, an assessment of the available information has shown that no ARfD is required and that therefore a short term assessment is not needed.\n(8) Where authorised uses of plant protection products do not result in detectable levels of pesticide residues in or on the food product, or where there are no authorised uses, or where uses which have been authorised by Member States have not been supported by the necessary data, or where uses in third countries resulting in residues in or on food products which may enter into circulation in the Community market have not been supported with such necessary data, MRLs should be fixed at the lower limit of analytical determination.\n(9) The setting or modification at Community level of provisional MRLs does not prevent the Member States from establishing provisional MRLs for acetamiprid, indoxacarb, pyraclostrobin, thiacloprid and trifloxystrobin in accordance with Article 4(1)(f) of Directive 91/414/EEC and Annex VI to that Directive. It is considered that a period of four years is sufficient to permit further uses of these substances. The provisional Community MRLs should then become definitive.\n(10) It is therefore necessary to modify the MRLs set in Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC, to allow proper surveillance and control of the uses of the plant protection products concerned and to protect the consumer. Where MRLs have already been defined in the Annexes to those Directives, it is appropriate to amend them. Where MRLs have not yet been defined, it is appropriate to set them for the first time.\n(11) Through the World Trade Organisation, the Community\u2019s trading partners have been consulted about the new MRLs and their comments on these levels have been taken into account.\n(12) Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(13) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDirective 86/362/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Directive.\nDirective 90/642/EEC is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Directive.\nMember States shall adopt and publish, by 14 June 2008 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive, except for deltamethrin and atrazine, for which they shall adopt and publish these by 18 December 2007 and for imazalil, for which they shall adopt and publish these by 14 September 2008. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nThey shall apply those provisions from 15 June 2008, except for deltamethrin and atrazine for which they shall be applied from 19 December 2007 and for imazalil, for which they shall be applied from by 15 September 2008.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["vegetable", "fruit", "plant health product", "cereals", "pesticide residue", "plant health legislation", "marketing standard", "consumer protection"], "distractor groups": ["Western Thrace", "Syria", "United States", "rafting", "middle class", "Antarctica", "job vacancy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01166/2009 of 30\u00a0November 2009 amending and correcting Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0606/2009 laying down certain detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0479/2008 as regards the categories of grapevine products, oenological practices and the applicable restrictions\n1.12.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 314/27\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1166/2009\nof 30 November 2009\namending and correcting Commission Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 laying down certain detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 as regards the categories of grapevine products, oenological practices and the applicable restrictions\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (Single CMO Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 113d(2) and the third and fourth subparagraphs of Article 121 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The protected designations of origin \u2018Prosecco di Conegliano Valdobbiadene\u2019 and \u2018Montello e Colli Asolani\u2019 are referred to in Commission Regulation (EC) No 606/2009\u00a0(2). These designations were replaced by the protected designations of origin \u2018Prosecco\u2019, \u2018Conegliano Valdobbiadene \u2014 Prosecco\u2019, \u2018Colli Asolani \u2014 Prosecco\u2019 and \u2018Asolo \u2014 Prosecco\u2019 following the Italian Decree of 17 July 2009 published in the Italian official gazette, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica italiana No 173 of 28 July 2009.\n(2) In that Decree, the vine variety \u2018Prosecco\u2019 is now renamed \u2018Glera\u2019. To prevent confusion between the name of the protected designation of origin \u2018Prosecco\u2019 and the name of the vine variety, the term \u2018Prosecco\u2019 should be replaced by \u2018Glera\u2019 when it refers to the vine variety in Regulation (EC) No 606/2009.\n(3) The Italian authorities have officially indicated that the \u2018Prosecco/Glera\u2019 variety may not be cultivated in the Trentino-Alto Adige region; consequently Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 should no longer refer to that region as one where that variety may be produced.\n(4) There is a typographical error in Annex IA, Appendix 7, to Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 in the requirements for electrodialysis treatment. The units for the maximum limit in the simulator should be expressed in \u03bcg/l and not in g/l.\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 should be amended and corrected accordingly.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 became applicable on 1 August 2009. To make it consistent with the Italian national legislation and to guarantee identical oenological practices for the 2009 harvests, these amendments and corrections must be applied retroactively as of 1 August 2009.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Regulatory Committee established by Article 195(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007,\nAmendment of Regulation (EC) No 606/2009\nAnnex II to Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 is amended as follows:\n1. in part B, paragraph 4(a), the second sentence is replaced by the following:\n2. part C is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182. However, the cuv\u00e9es intended for the preparation of quality sparkling wines with the protected designations of origin \u201cProsecco\u201d, \u201cConegliano Valdobbiadene \u2014 Prosecco\u201d and \u201cColli Asolani \u2014 Prosecco\u201d or \u201cAsolo \u2014 Prosecco\u201d and prepared from a single vine variety may have a total alcoholic strength by volume of not less than 8,5\u00a0% vol.\u2019;\n(b) in paragraph 9(a) the second sentence is replaced by the following:\n3. in Appendix 1, the term \u2018Glera\u2019 is inserted after the term \u2018Gir\u00f2 N\u2019 and the term \u2018Prosecco\u2019 is deleted.\nCorrection of Regulation (EC) No 606/2009\nIn Annex IA to Regulation (EC) No 606/2009, Appendix 7, point 1.4, sixth subparagraph, the third sentence is replaced by the following:\n\u2018The content in the simulant of all the determined compounds must be less than 50\u00a0\u03bcg/l.\u2019.\nEntry into force and application\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 August 2009.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["wine", "viticulture", "Italy", "vinification", "location of production", "product designation", "designation of origin"], "distractor groups": ["Sweden", "biosphere", "management training", "inshore grounds", "biography", "Norwegian Sea", "income stabilisation", "compulsory saving"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/32/EU: Commission Decision of 19\u00a0January 2011 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of purified terephthalic acid and its salts originating in Thailand\n20.1.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 15/22\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 19 January 2011\nterminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of purified terephthalic acid and its salts originating in Thailand\n(2011/32/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009 of 30 November 2009 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (the basic Regulation), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Initiation\n(1) On 22 December 2009, the European Commission (the \u2018Commission\u2019) announced by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(2) (Notice of initiation), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Union of purified terephthalic acid and its salts (PTA) originating in Thailand (the country concerned).\n(2) The anti-dumping proceeding was initiated following a complaint lodged on 13 November 2009 by BP Aromatics Limited NV and CEPSA Quimica S.A. (the complainants) representing a major proportion, in this case more than 50\u00a0%, of the total Union production of PTA. The complaint contained prima facie evidence of dumping of the product concerned originating in the country concerned and of material injury resulting therefrom, which was considered sufficient to justify the opening of a proceeding.\n(3) On the same day, the Commission announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(3), the initiation of an anti-subsidy proceeding with regard to imports into the Union of PTA originating in Thailand. This investigation has been terminated by means of Commission Decision 2011/31/EU\u00a0(4).\n1.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Parties concerned by the proceeding\n(4) The Commission officially advised the complainants, other known producers in the Union, the known exporting producers in Thailand, the representatives of the exporting country concerned and known importers and users of the initiation of the proceeding. Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set out in the Notice of initiation. All interested parties who so requested and showed that there were particular reasons why they should be heard were granted a hearing.\n(5) The Commission sent questionnaires to the complainants, other known producers in the Union, the known exporting producers in Thailand and to the known importers and users of the product concerned and to all other parties that requested a questionnaire within the deadlines set out in the Notice of initiation.\n(6) Questionnaire replies were received from the three known Thai exporting producers, from three Union producers, from one Union importer and from five Union users.\n(7) The Commission sought and verified all the information deemed necessary for the determination of dumping, resulting injury and Union interest. Verification visits were carried out at the premises of the following companies:\n(a) Union producers:\n\u2014 BP Aromatics Limited NV, Geel, Belgium\n\u2014 CEPSA Qu\u00edmica, S.A., Madrid, Spain\n\u2014 Lotte Chemical UK Ltd (formerly Artenius), Wilton, Redcar, United Kingdom\n(b) Union importers:\n\u2014 Mitsui & Co. Benelux NV, Brussels, Belgium\n(c) Union users:\n\u2014 DSM Powder Coating Resins BV, Zwolle, Holland\n\u2014 M&G Polimeri Italia SpA, Patrica (Frosinone), Italy\n\u2014 NOVAPET S.A., Barbastro (Huesca), Spain\n\u2014 UAB NEO Group, Klaipeda, Lithuania\n(d) Exporting producers in Thailand:\n\u2014 TPT Petrochemicals Public Company Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand (hereinafter \u2018TPT\u2019)\n\u2014 Indorama Petrochem Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand (hereinafter \u2018Indorama\u2019)\n\u2014 Siam Mitsui PTA Company Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand (hereinafter \u2018SMPC\u2019)\n(e) Related exporter:\n\u2014 Mitsui Chemicals Inc, Tokyo, Japan (hereinafter \u2018MCI\u2019) \u2014 export sales representative and shareholder of SMPC.\n(8) Given that both TPT and Indorama are owned by the same holding company, they will be referred to in this document as the \u2018Indorama group\u2019.\n1.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation period and period considered\n(9) The investigation of dumping and injury covered the period from 1 December 2008 to 30 November 2009 (the \u2018investigation period\u2019 or \u2018IP\u2019). The examination of trends relevant for the assessment of injury covered the period from 1 January 2006 to the end of the investigation period (the period considered).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PRODUCT CONCERNED AND LIKE PRODUCT\n2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned\n(10) The product concerned is terephthalic acid and its salts of a purity by weight of 99,5\u00a0% or more, currently falling within CN code ex\u00a02917\u00a036\u00a000 (the product concerned).\n(11) PTA is obtained by the purification of crude terephthalic acid, which is a result of making paraxylene (PX) react with a solvent and a catalyst solution.\n2.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Like product\n(12) The product concerned and the PTA produced and sold on the domestic market of Thailand, as well as the PTA produced and sold in the Union by the Union industry were found to have the same basic physical and chemical characteristics and uses. They were therefore considered to be alike within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DUMPING\n3.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Preliminary remarks\n(13) All three Thai exporting producers named in the complaint submitted questionnaires responses. The investigation revealed that no other Thai exporting producers of PTA exist and that the responses covered 100\u00a0% of Thai exports to the EU market.\n(14) The three companies requested dumping calculations to be performed on the basis of monthly data on the grounds that costs of the main raw material and consequently prices for the product concerned varied significantly through the IP. For the reasons shown in recital 26 below, the use of the requested methodology was not considered warranted.\n(15) It should be noted that sales on the domestic and EU markets were based on either spot prices or contracts based on the PX cost (the main raw material) or a formula based on a PTA pricing index in China. In the latter case, there was a significant time lag in a number of instances after which the final index was available. In order to implement the formula, an invoicing arrangement had to be operated whereby the final price could be settled some months after the initial provisional invoice was issued. Debit/credit notes were issued to correct the final price agreed in the contract.\n(16) The general methodology set out below has been applied to all the cooperating exporting producers in Thailand.\n3.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Normal value\n(17) In accordance with Article 2(2) of the basic Regulation, the Commission first established whether the domestic sales of the Thai producers were sufficiently representative, i.e. whether the total volume of such sales represented at least 5\u00a0% of their total volume of export sales of the product concerned to the Union. The domestic sales of the Thai producers were considered sufficiently representative during the investigation period.\n(18) The Commission subsequently examined whether the domestic sales of the like product could be regarded as being sold in the ordinary course of trade pursuant to Article 2(4) of the basic Regulation. This was done by establishing for the like product sold on the domestic market the proportion of profitable domestic sales to independent customers during the IP.\n(19) Since the volume of profitable sales of the like product represented more than 80\u00a0% of the total domestic sales volume of the like product for all 3 producers, normal value was based on the actual domestic price, calculated as a weighted average of all domestic sales.\n3.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Export price\n(20) This investigation showed that one of the cooperating exporting producers (SMPC) sold to the EU market via its largest shareholder (MCI, a company located in Japan), which then resold to a series of Japanese traders, which ultimately sold to parties on the EU market. It was investigated whether MCI and the largest Japanese trader were related and if such a relationship had an impact on prices.\n(21) It was found that the most important relationship concerned common shareholdings at a very low percentage held by Japanese banks on behalf of numerous trustees. It was, therefore, established that the relationship was not of such a nature to impact price levels. Indeed, given (i) the pricing/contractual arrangements outlined above which are typical for this industry and (ii) the nature of the relationship between the companies described above, prices are at arm\u2019s length. It was therefore determined that the export price of the product concerned could be established on the basis of MCI\u2019s sales to the Japanese traders.\n(22) A letter was sent to MCI informing it of the consequences of non-cooperation because during the verification in Tokyo the case handlers involved were not granted full access to accounting information relating to certain allowances.\n(23) It was therefore decided to calculate the allowances on the basis of facts available, in accordance with Article 18 of the basic Regulation. As a result the following methodology was used. For freight costs the allowance was adjusted upwards on the basis of information gathered on spot. For the remaining allowances the amounts reported as well as the net sales prices were also checked by reference to other independent sources, in this case information established for the other two Thai exporting producers and were found to be in line for the same type of sales. An alternative method of using Eurostat prices as a substitute was considered but not used because for this product the value in Eurostat was the cif price at the date of importation and not the adjusted final price established in accordance with the sales contract and the invoicing systems outlined above. This approach was exceptionally appropriate given the structure of the market as explained in recital 15 above. Note that the vast majority of allowances had already been verified in Thailand.\n3.4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Comparison\n(24) The comparison between normal value and export price was made on an ex-works basis.\n(25) For the purpose of ensuring a fair comparison between the normal value and the export price, due allowance in the form of adjustments was made for differences affecting prices and price comparability in accordance with Article 2(10) of the basic Regulation. On this basis, adjustments for differences in transport, insurance, packing, credit, handling and commission costs were made where applicable and justified.\n(26) The comparison between export price and normal value was made on an annual basis. The request of the exporting producers to make comparisons on a monthly basis was considered but not pursued since it was obvious that it would not have changed the overall conclusion with respect to dumping, i.e. the countrywide de minimis dumping.\n3.5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dumping margin\n(27) Pursuant to Article 2(11) and (12) of the basic Regulation, the dumping margin for the cooperating exporting producers in Thailand were established on the basis of a comparison of a weighted average normal value with a weighted average export price as established above.\n(28) On the basis of the above methodology the dumping margins, expressed as a percentage of the cif Union frontier price, duty unpaid, were set as follows:\nDumping Margin\nIndorama group 3,7\u00a0%\nSMPC No dumping\n(29) The three exporting producers (the two of the Indorama group and SMPC) represent the entirety of exports originating in Thailand when compared to the Eurostat data. In order to assess whether, on a countrywide basis, the dumping margin was below de minimis, a weighted average countrywide dumping margin was established. It was found that this margin was below de minimis, i.e. 1,8\u00a0%.\n(30) In view of the countrywide de minimis dumping margin, provisional measures on imports of PTA originating in Thailand should not be imposed.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0INJURY, CAUSATION AND UNION INTEREST\n(31) In view of the above findings with respect to dumping it is not considered necessary to present any analysis on injury, causation and Union interest.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0TERMINATION OF THE PROCEEDING\n(32) The proceeding should therefore be terminated as the dumping margin determined for Thailand is less than 2\u00a0%. Interested parties were informed accordingly and were given the opportunity to comment.\n(33) As to dumping issues, comments were received from one of the complainants which considered that the Commission should have imputed to SMPC the dumping margin established for the other two exporting producers (3,7\u00a0%) as a consequence of facts available. In such a case it was argued that there would have been a de minimis dumping margin. This had to be rejected. The Commission did apply facts available with respect to the Japanese related company by using the company\u2019s available data, adjusting it upwards and comparing it to other verifiable sources. To impute in these circumstances the dumping margin of the other exporters would not have been in line with the provisions of Article 18.\n(34) The same complainant also argued that other governments take a different view on investigations concerning PTA for a similar IP. This had to be rejected. In this respect it is noted that the evidence provided by the party refers to an anti-dumping duty imposed by the People\u2019s Republic of China on imports of PTA from Korea and Thailand. The information provided cannot corroborate the party\u2019s claim since no evidence exists on how normal value and export price were established in this Chinese anti-dumping investigation. Furthermore, in the investigation by the Chinese authorities, the IP runs from 1 October 2007 to 30 September 2008, while the IP used in the current EU investigation runs from 1 December 2008 to 30 November 2009. Therefore the periods taken into consideration in the EU and the Chinese investigations were very different.\n(35) As far as injury aspects are concerned no representations were submitted by any interested party.\n(36) In conclusion, no comments from any interested party undermine the finding that protective measures are unnecessary.\n(37) In light of all the above, the Commission therefore concludes that the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Union of purified terephthalic acid and its salts originating in Thailand should be terminated without the imposition of anti-dumping measures,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of terephthalic acid and its salts of a purity by weight of 99,5\u00a0% or more, currently falling within CN code ex\u00a02917\u00a036\u00a000, originating in Thailand, is hereby terminated", "answer groups": ["export subsidy", "import policy", "countervailing charge", "import restriction", "chemical product", "Thailand", "third country"], "distractor groups": ["industrial price", "failure to report for duty", "vision of Europe", "political violence", "associated country", "price freeze", "fisherman", "by-election"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2005/86/EC of 5 December 2005 amending Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on undesirable substances in animal feed as regards camphechlor (Text with EEA relevance)\n6.12.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 318/16\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2005/86/EC\nof 5 December 2005\namending Annex I to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on undesirable substances in animal feed as regards camphechlor\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 May 2002 on undesirable substances in animal feed\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 8 (1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2002/32/EC provides that the use of products intended for animal feed which contain levels of undesirable substances exceeding the maximum levels laid down in Annex I thereto is prohibited.\n(2) When Directive 2002/32/EC was adopted, the Commission stated that the provisions laid down in Annex I to that Directive would be reviewed on the basis of updated scientific risk assessments and taking into account the prohibition of any dilution of contaminated non-complying products intended for animal feed.\n(3) The Scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adopted an opinion on a request from the Commission related to camphechlor as undesirable substance in animal feed on 2 February 2005.\n(4) Camphechlor is a non systemic insecticide of which the use is phased out in most of the world. Camphechlor mixtures show a complex composition, with at least 202 different congeners identified. Due to its persistence and chemical properties, camphechlor is still found in the environment.\n(5) While some congeners, such as CHB 32, which are major constituents in technical mixtures, are subject to relatively fast biotransformation, other congeners such as CHB 26, 50 and 62 are more persistent and bio-accumulate significantly within the food chain. The congeners CHB 26, 50 and 62 can serve as indicators of camphechlor contamination. The presence of CHB 32 is an indicator for a recent contamination and could be included in monitoring programmes to identify possible fraudulent practices.\n(6) The main sources of camphechlor exposure to animals from feed are fish oil and fish meal. Fish feed (particularly for carnivorous species) can contain significant amounts of fish meal and fish oil. For other animals the use of fish meal is low, hence their exposure via feed is lower.\n(7) Fish are the most sensitive to camphechlor toxicity. The carry-over of camphechlor into edible tissues of fatty fish is high, while the carry over in other farmed animals is lower. Fish, in particular lipid rich species, are the main source of human exposure while other sources are of less importance.\n(8) It is appropriate to replace the current general maximum level as regards camphechlor in all feedingstuffs, by a maximum level for camphechlor in fish oil, fish meal and fish feed in order to ensure that these products do not represent any danger to human health and animal health. The feed safety has been improved as the level for fish feed, which is fed directly to fish, has been significantly decreased and enforcement through a targeted control on these products intended for animal feeding identified as being the main source of camphechlor exposure should improve the feed safety.\n(9) The current general maximum level for camphechlor does not reflect the current normal background contamination levels in fish oil. It is appropriate to establish a maximum level in fish oil taking into account the background levels without endangering animal and public health. This maximum level is to be reviewed in the light of the necessary application on a wider scale of decontamination procedures.\n(10) Directive 2002/32/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(11) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex I to Directive 2002/32/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive 12 months after the entry into force at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["pesticide", "fish oil", "health risk", "fish", "fish product", "toxic substance", "animal nutrition", "foodstuffs legislation"], "distractor groups": ["digital literacy", "Brazil", "codecision procedure", "County of Zagreb", "chemical salt", "veterinary inspection", "microform"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01786/2006 of 4 December 2006 amending Annexes III B, IV, and VI to Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0517/94 as regards textile quotas for 2007\n5.12.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 337/12\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1786/2006\nof 4 December 2006\namending Annexes III B, IV, and VI to Council Regulation (EC) No 517/94 as regards textile quotas for 2007\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 517/94 of 7\u00a0March 1994 on common rules for imports of textile products from certain third countries not covered by bilateral agreements, protocols or other arrangements, or by other specific Community import rules\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 517/94 establishes the annual quantitative limits for certain textile products originating in Montenegro, Kosovo\u00a0(2) and North Korea.\n(2) As from 1 January 2007, the European Union will include two new Member States, Romania and Bulgaria. Article 6(7) of the Act of Accession provides that the quantitative restrictions applied by the Community on imports of textile and clothing products are to be adjusted to take account of the accession of the new Member States to the Community. The quantitative restrictions applicable to imports of certain textile products from third countries into the enlarged Community should consequently be adjusted so as to cover imports into the two new Member States. This requires the amendment of certain Annexes to Regulation (EC) No 517/94.\n(3) In order to prevent the enlargement of the Community from having restrictive effects on trade, it is appropriate, when amending the quantities, to use a methodology which takes into account, for the purpose of adjusting the new quota levels, the traditional imports into the new Member States. A formula consisting of the average of the last three years\u2019 imports into the two new Member States originating in third countries provides an adequate measurement of those historical flows. Due to the fact that Montenegro became independent on 3 June 2006, the Commission has no separate figures of the trade flow between Montenegro and Kosovo, on one hand, and the new Member States on the other hand. Therefore, the new quota levels have been established using the most appropriate criterion for doing so, namely the population ratios of the two new Member States. A growth rate has been added in both cases.\n(4) Annexes III B, IV and VI to Regulation (EC) No 517/94 should therefore be amended so as to list quota levels applicable for the year 2007. The detailed rules governing 2007 quota allocation are those contained in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1785/2006\u00a0(3) on the management of textile quotas established under Regulation (EC) No 517/94 for the year 2007.\n(5) All provisions of Regulation (EC) No 517/94 are to apply to imports into the new Member States. Regulation (EC) No 517/94 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Textile Committee established by Article 25 of Regulation (EC) No 517/94,\nAnnexes III B, IV and VI to Regulation (EC) No 517/94 are replaced as shown in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["quantitative restriction", "import policy", "Kosovo", "inward processing", "Montenegro", "North Korea", "textile product"], "distractor groups": ["traffic regulations", "archives", "share capital", "management committee (EU)", "barring of penalties by limitation", "universal suffrage", "testing", "professional ethics"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0943/2011 of 22\u00a0September 2011 concerning the non-approval of the active substance propargite, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No\u00a01107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending Commission Decision 2008/934/EC Text with EEA relevance\n23.9.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 246/16\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 943/2011\nof 22 September 2011\nconcerning the non-approval of the active substance propargite, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending Commission Decision 2008/934/EC\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article\u00a013(2) and Article 78(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with Article 80(1)(c) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(2) is to apply, with respect to the procedure and the conditions for approval, to active substances for which completeness has been established in accordance with Article 16 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 33/2008 of 17\u00a0January 2008 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Directive 91/414/EEC as regards a regular and an accelerated procedure for the assessment of active substances which were part of the programme of work referred to in Article\u00a08(2) of that Directive but have not been included into its Annex\u00a0I\u00a0(3). Propargite is an active substance for which completeness has been established in accordance with that Regulation.\n(2) Commission Regulations (EC) No 451/2000\u00a0(4) and (EC) No 1490/2002\u00a0(5) lay down the detailed rules for the implementation of the second and third stages of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of Directive 91/414/EEC and establish lists of active substances to be assessed, with a view to their possible inclusion in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC. These lists included propargite.\n(3) In accordance with Article 3(2) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1095/2007 of 20\u00a0September 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No 1490/2002 laying down further detailed rules for the implementation of the third stage of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of Council Directive 91/414/EEC and Regulation (EC) No 2229/2004 laying down further detailed rules for the implementation of the fourth stage of the programme of work referred to in Article 8(2) of Council Directive 91/414/EEC\u00a0(6) the notifier withdrew its support for the inclusion of that active substance in Annex I to Directive 91/414/EEC within 2 months from entry into force of Regulation (EC) No 1095/2007. Consequently, Commission Decision 2008/934/EC of 5 December 2008 concerning the non-inclusion of certain active substances in Annex I to Council Directive 91/414/EEC and the withdrawal of authorisations for plant protection products containing these substances\u00a0(7) was adopted on the non-inclusion of propargite.\n(4) Pursuant to Article 6(2) of Directive 91/414/EEC the original notifier (hereinafter \u2027the applicant\u2027) submitted a new application requesting the accelerated procedure to be applied, as provided for in Articles 14 to 19 of Regulation (EC) No\u00a033/2008.\n(5) The application was submitted to Italy which carried out the evaluation in agreement with France which had been designated rapporteur Member State by Regulation (EC) No 1490/2002. The time period for the accelerated procedure was respected. The specification of the active substance and the supported uses are the same as were the subject of Decision 2008/934/EC. That application also complies with the remaining substantive and procedural requirements of Article 15 of Regulation (EC) No 33/2008.\n(6) Italy evaluated the additional data submitted by the applicant and prepared an additional report. It communicated that report to the European Food Safety Authority (hereinafter \u2027the Authority\u2027) and to the Commission on 4 March 2010. The Authority communicated the additional report to the other Member States and the applicant for comments and forwarded the comments it had received to the Commission. In accordance with Article 20(1) of Regulation (EC) No 33/2008 and at the request of the Commission, the Authority presented its conclusion on the risk assessment of propargite to the Commission on 23 February 2011\u00a0(8). The draft assessment report, the additional report and the conclusion of the Authority were reviewed by the Member States and the Commission within the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health and finalised on 15 July 2011 in the format of the Commission review report for propargite.\n(7) During the evaluation of this active substance, concerns were identified. Those concerns were, in particular, the following. It was not possible to perform reliable risk assessments for consumers, operators, workers and bystanders. In addition, it was not possible to finalise the ecotoxicological risk assessment. In particular, a high long term risk to mammals, a risk of secondary poisoning to birds and a high risk to aquatic organisms were identified.\n(8) The Commission invited the applicant to submit its comments on the conclusion of the Authority. Furthermore, in accordance with Article 21(1) to Regulation (EC) No 33/2008, the Commission invited the applicant to submit comments on the draft review report. The applicant submitted its comments, which have been carefully examined.\n(9) However, despite the arguments put forward by the applicant, the concerns referred to in recital 7 could not be eliminated. Consequently, it has not been demonstrated that it may be expected that, under the proposed conditions of use, plant protection products containing propargite satisfy in general the requirements laid down in Article 5(1)(a) and (b) of Directive 91/414/EEC.\n(10) Propargite should therefore not be approved pursuant to Article 13(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.\n(11) For plant protection products containing propargite, where Member States grant any period of grace in accordance with Article 46 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, this period should expire on 31 December 2012 at the latest as laid down in the second paragraph of Article 3 of Decision 2008/934/EC.\n(12) This Regulation does not prejudice the submission of a further application for propargite pursuant to Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009.\n(13) In the interest of clarity, the entry for propargite in the Annex to Decision 2008/934/EC should be deleted.\n(14) It is therefore appropriate to amend Decision 2008/934/EC accordingly.\n(15) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nNon-approval of active substance\nThe active substance propargite is not approved.\nTransitional measures\nMember States shall ensure that authorisations for plant protection products containing propargite are withdrawn by 31 December 2011.\nPeriod of grace\nAny period of grace granted by Member States in accordance with Article\u00a046 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 shall be as short as possible and shall expire on 31 December 2012 at the latest.\nAmendments to Decision 2008/934/EC\nIn the Annex to Decision 2008/934/EC, the entry for \u2018propargite\u2019 is deleted.\nEntry into force and date of application\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["plant health control", "pesticide", "market approval", "withdrawal from the market"], "distractor groups": ["wood residue", "right of pre-emption", "school results", "polluted area", "Malaysia", "early-stage capital", "farm accountancy data network", "slavery", "English-speaking Africa", "works council", "Iran"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2007/682/EC: Commission Decision of 18 October 2007 on the renewal of the Community stocks of live attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever (notified under document number C(2007) 4699)\n25.10.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/25\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 18 October 2007\non the renewal of the Community stocks of live attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever\n(notified under document number C(2007) 4699)\n(2007/682/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 90/424/EEC of 26 June 1990 on expenditure in the veterinary field\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6(2) and Article 8(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2001/89/EC of 23 October 2001 on Community measures for the control of classical swine fever\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 18(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Classical swine fever is a threat for domestic and feral pigs (wild boar) in the Community.\n(2) Outbreaks of classical swine fever in domestic pig holdings can lead to serious consequences and economic losses in the Community, in particular if they occur in areas with a high density of pigs.\n(3) The rules for applying emergency vaccination of domestic and feral pigs are laid down in Directive 2001/89/EC.\n(4) The Community has purchased 1\u00a0000\u00a0000 doses of live attenuated classical swine fever vaccine and made arrangements for keeping it in stock and making it rapidly available in case of an emergency vaccination of domestic pigs.\n(5) Those doses have been made available to Romania in July 2007. Accordingly, they need to be replaced for the purpose of maintaining the Community\u2019s capability to respond quickly to the need to carry out emergency vaccination against classical swine fever.\n(6) In addition, in the light of the overall disease situation in certain Member States the stock of live attenuated vaccine should be replaced quickly when depleted in order to maintain the Community\u2019s capability to respond to an emergency.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Community shall purchase as soon as possible 1\u00a0000\u00a0000 doses of live attenuated classical swine fever vaccine.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Community shall make arrangements for the storage and distribution of the vaccine referred to in paragraph 1.\nIf the stock of vaccine referred to in Article 1(1) becomes depleted, it may be replaced by 1\u00a0000\u00a0000 doses up to four times during a period of five years after the date of the first purchase.\nThe maximum cost of the measures referred to in Articles 1 and 2 shall not exceed EUR 1\u00a0500\u00a0000.\nThe measures provided for in Article 1(2) shall be carried out by the Commission in cooperation with the suppliers designated by call for tender.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["swine", "animal plague", "vaccine", "EU stock", "purchase"], "distractor groups": ["legal person", "veal", "research policy", "customary law", "guide price", "unskilled worker", "Western European Union", "Arab organisation", "ministerial responsibility", "Socialist International"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 28\u00a0September 2011 setting up the Group of Experts on Corruption\n30.9.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union C 286/4\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 28 September 2011\nsetting up the Group of Experts on Corruption\n2011/C 286/03\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 67(3) of the Treaty assigned the European Union the task of ensuring a high level of security within the area of freedom, security and justice. To achieve that objective it is necessary to prevent and combat crime, organised and other, including corruption.\n(2) The Stockholm programme \u2014 An open and secure Europe serving and protecting the citizens\u00a0(1), adopted by the European Council on 10 and 11 December 2009, invites the Commission to develop indicators, on the basis of existing systems and common criteria, to measure efforts in the fight against corruption, in particular in the areas of the acquis (public procurement, financial control, etc.).\n(3) The Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council of 22 November 2010 on the EU Internal Security Strategy in Action: Five steps towards a more secure Europe\u00a0(2) stresses that sustaining political will to combat corruption is of key importance and that action at Union level and sharing of best practices is necessary. It announces a Commission proposal in 2011 on how to monitor and assist Member States' anti-corruption efforts.\n(4) The Commission Decision of 6 June 2011 establishing an EU anti-corruption reporting mechanism for periodic assessment (\u2018EU Anti-Corruption Report\u2019)\u00a0(3) lays down the objectives and the necessary elements for the implementation of the EU Anti-Corruption Report. In accordance with that Decision, that report is to be published every two years, starting in 2013. The Report is to be managed by the Commission, assisted by an expert group appointed by the Commission following an open call procedure. The members of the expert group must have undisputed expertise, a high level of integrity and a reputation in the field of fighting corruption.\n(5) The Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council and the European Economic and Social Committee of 6 June 2011 on fighting corruption in the EU\u00a0(4) provides that the experts who are to assist the Commission in the work on the EU Anti-Corruption Report may come from a wide range of backgrounds, such as law enforcement, prevention, civil society, and must undertake to act in their personal professional capacity.\n(6) It is therefore necessary to set up a group of experts in the field of anti-corruption and to define its tasks and its structure.\n(7) The group should support the Commission's work on the EU Anti-Corruption Report and on any future Union policies deriving from it. In particular, the group should advise on matters such as: identifying cross-cutting and country-specific issues to be covered by each report, developing indicators, assessing the Member States' performance, identifying best practices, identifying EU trends, making recommendations and proposing EU measures where appropriate.\n(8) The group should be composed of 17 members and ensure a balanced representation in terms of institutional and professional background and geographic regions.\n(9) Rules should be laid down on disclosure of information by members of the group.\n(10) Personal data relating to members of the group should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(5).\n(11) The term of office of the members should be four years and should be renewable,\nSubject matter\nThe Group of Experts on Corruption, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019, is hereby set up.\nTasks\nThe group's tasks shall be:\n(a) to advise the Commission on matters related to the EU Anti-Corruption Report, including the working methodology, as well as on matters related to EU anti-corruption policy, by means of oral and written contributions, as appropriate and agreed with the Commission;\n(b) to help the Commission assess the evolution of anti-corruption policies at national, European and international levels and to assist the Commission in identifying EU trends in corruption;\n(c) to assist the Commission in identifying relevant standards for the fight against corruption, as well as measurable indicators against which the assessments of the EU Anti-Corruption Report may be carried out;\n(d) to assist the Commission in identifying ways of streamlining relevant information on the nature, extent and causes of corruption in the Member States, as well as on the effectiveness of efforts against corruption;\n(e) to assist the Commission in identifying cross-cutting and country-specific anti-corruption issues, of relevance for the Union and for the Member States, as well as possible recommendations to be made in the EU Anti-Corruption Report;\n(f) to advise the Commission on developing methodologies for assessing anti-corruption efforts in the EU-27;\n(g) to assist the Commission in identifying and defining possible relevant measures and actions at Union and national level across the range of anti-corruption policies;\n(h) to assist the Commission in identifying best practices and ways of experience sharing and peer learning which can be further developed at Union level.\nConsultation\nThe Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to the EU Anti-Corruption Report and EU anti-corruption policy.\nMembership \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of 17 members.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be individuals of proven expertise and experience in the prevention and fight against public and private sector corruption, and in the monitoring and/or evaluation of anti-corruption policies and practices.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The composition of the group shall reflect the required balance of expertise required on anti-corruption matters, and the various aspects involved, such as, but not limited to, law enforcement, the judiciary, prevention, policy-making, monitoring and/or supervision, research into trends, policies and/or indicators, the public and private sector, criminal law, and economic and social aspects/impacts.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be nationals of a Member State of the European Union.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be appointed by the Director-General of the Commission's Directorate-General for Home Affairs from among those who have responded to the call for applications (see Annex to the present Decision).\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0On the basis of the call for applications, applicants who were deemed suitable candidates for group membership but were not appointed shall be placed on reserve list, with their consent. The Commission shall use this list for the appointment of replacements for members, if needed. If the Commission considers the reserve list insufficient, it may re-publish the call for applications in order to constitute a new list.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be appointed in a personal capacity for a period of four years. They shall act independently and in the public interest. They shall remain in office until replaced or until their term of office ends. Their term of office may be renewed.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members who are no longer capable of contributing effectively to the group's deliberations, who resign or who do not comply with the conditions set out in this Article, or Article 339 of the Treaty, may be replaced for the remainder of their term of office.\n9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of the group's members shall be published in the Register of Commission expert groups and other similar entities (\u2018the Register\u2019)\u00a0(6) and on the Internet site of the Directorate-General for Home Affairs.\n10.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Personal data shall be collected, processed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(7).\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be chaired by a representative of the Commission.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, the group may set up sub-groups to examine specific questions on the basis of terms of reference defined by the group. Such groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandate is completed.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission's representative may invite experts from outside the group with specific competence in a subject on the agenda to participate in the work of the group or sub-group on an ad-hoc basis.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may grant observer status to representatives of international, inter-governmental and non-governmental organisations.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The working priorities of the group shall reflect the need for a coordinated, multi-disciplinary and coherent policy response to all aspects of corruption.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members of the group, as well as invited experts and observers, shall comply with the obligations of professional secrecy laid down by the Treaties and their implementing rules, as well as with the Commission's rules on security regarding the protection of EU classified information, laid down in the Annex to Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom\u00a0(8). Should they fail to respect these obligations, the Commission may take appropriate measures.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall provide secretarial services.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall submit its opinions and reports to the Commission. The Commission may fix a deadline by which an opinion or a report is to be delivered.\n9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group may adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure for expert groups.\n10.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission publishes relevant information on the activities carried out by the group either by including it in the Register or via a link from the Register to the Internet site of the Directorate-General for Home Affairs.\nMeeting expenses\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Participants in the activities of the group shall not be remunerated for the services they render.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Travel and subsistence expenses incurred by participants in the activities of the group shall be reimbursed by the Commission in accordance with the provisions in force within the Commission.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Those expenses shall be reimbursed within the limits of the available appropriations allocated under the annual procedure for the allocation of resources.\nEntry into force and applicability\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union and shall apply for eight years", "answer groups": ["fight against crime", "appointment of members", "corruption"], "distractor groups": ["private sector", "staff assessment", "dependant", "distributor", "wood production", "resolution", "Western Finland", "Piedmont", "fish", "sanction (EU)", "cost-effectiveness analysis", "price support"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01813/2004 of 19 October 2004 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01433/2003 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a02200/96 as regards operational funds, operational programmes and financial assistance\n20.10.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 319/5\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1813/2004\nof 19 October 2004\namending Regulation (EC) No 1433/2003 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 as regards operational funds, operational programmes and financial assistance\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2200/96 of 28 October 1996 on the common organisation of the market in fruit and vegetables\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 48 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under Article 17 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1433/2003\u00a0(2), once the operational programmes submitted by producer organisations have been approved Member States are to establish the approved amount of aid not later than 15 December of the year preceding implementation of the programme. In order to improve overall budget management, the Member States must inform the Commission of the total amount of aid approved for all operational programmes.\n(2) Under Article 26 of Regulation (EC) No 1433/2003, data on producer organisations, operational funds and operational programmes must be the subject of reports from the Member States to be communicated to the Commission by 1 June each year in accordance with Annex III to that Regulation. Figures relating to the final aid payments actually made are to be submitted on 15 November at the latest. Experience in recent years has shown that the two deadlines are an unnecessary administrative complication. The process should be simplified by requiring Member States to send reports including definitive information on final aid payments each year by 15 November at the latest.\n(3) Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1433/2003 gives a complete list of operations and expenditure which may be covered by operational programmes. This expenditure includes, in point 2 of that Annex, the specific costs of quality improvement measures, including the purchase of certified seed. Experience has shown that the term \u2018certified seed\u2019 must be clarified by explicit reference to Council Directive 2002/55/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of vegetable seed\u00a0(3), which corresponds to the objective of improving and supporting the quality mentioned in the above Regulation.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 1433/2003 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The Management Committee for fresh Fruit and Vegetables has not delivered an opinion within the time limit set by its chairman,\nRegulation (EC) No 1433/2003 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. the following paragraph is added to Article 17:\n2. in Article 26(1), \u20181 June\u2019 is replaced by \u201815 November\u2019;\n3. in Annex I, point 2(d) is replaced by:\n\u2018(d) quality improvement measures, including certified mycelium and plants and seed of the categories \u201cbasic seed\u201d and \u201ccertified seed\u201d, as defined by Council Directive 2002/55/EC\u00a0(4);\n4. in part 3 of Annex III, point 3 is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nHowever, Article 1(3) shall not apply to operational programmes already approved by the Member States.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["producer group", "aid to agriculture", "operational programme", "operational expenditure (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["reimbursement of aid", "decentralised cooperation", "merchandising", "reinsurance", "microeconomics", "approval of tariffs", "butter oil", "personal accident insurance", "access to a profession", "international tariff", "V\u00e4rmland county"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 177/94 of 28 January 1994 amending Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 177/94 of 28 January 1994 amending Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation 136/66/EEC of 22 September 1966 on the establishment of a common organization of the market in oils and fats (1), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 3179/93 (2), and in particular Article 35a thereof,\nWhereas Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 (3), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 620/93 (4), defines the characteristics of the various types of olive oil and oil-residue oil and the relevant methods of analysis;\nWhereas Annex XII to Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91 provides for a tolerance for the grading of certain types of virgin oil to be applied for a limited period; whereas in the light of experience in applying the 0,5 tolerance in respect of operations relating to intervention and in the interests of sound management of the intervention scheme, the said tolerance should be abolished;\nWhereas Annex XIV should be amended in order to take better account of the natural characteristics of certain olive oils; whereas it is necessary also to correct certain errors in the text of Regulation (EEC) No 2568/91;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Oils and Fats,\nRegulation (EEC) No 2568/91 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Annex IV, point 5.2.5.2, '100' is replaced by '1 000'.\n2. In point 10.2 of Annex XII, the second subparagraph of the paragraph 'Expression of results' is replaced by the following:\n'However, in the case of oils which are the subject of intervention operations, no tolerance shall be applied.'\n3. In Annex XIV, Additional Note 2 is amended as follows:\n- in point B. I. (a) and II. (c) and in point C. (b), the term 'aliphatic alcohols' is replaced by 'wax';\n- in point B. I. (a), '400' is replaced by '350';\n- in point B. II. (c), '300' is replaced by '250';\n- in point C. (c) is replaced by the following:\n'(c) a K270 extinction coefficient (100) not higher than 1,20';\n- in point C. (d) is replaced by the following:\n'(d) an extinction coefficient variation (DK), in the 270 nm region, not higher than 0,16'.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nHowever, Article 1 (3) thereof shall apply with effect from the twenty-first day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["olive oil", "tariff nomenclature", "common customs tariff"], "distractor groups": ["Opole province", "alternative service", "rate of work", "designated employment", "international voluntary worker", "Syria", "freedom of trade", "Ulster-Donegal", "Eastern Partnership", "paediatrics", "intra-company collective agreement", "tourism policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "97/251/EC: Commission Decision of 14 April 1997 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain types of electronic microcircuits known as EPROMs (erasable programmable read only memories) originating in Japan and repealing the anti- dumping measures imposed on such imports\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 14 April 1997 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of certain types of electronic microcircuits known as EPROMs (erasable programmable read only memories) originating in Japan and repealing the anti-dumping measures imposed on such imports (97/251/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), and in particular Articles 9, 11 (3), 11 (7) and 23 thereof,\nFollowing consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for by the said Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) In March 1991 and October 1993, the Commission accepted undertakings offered by eight exporters of EPROMs of Japanese origin (2). A definitive anti-dumping duty was imposed by Council Regulation (EEC) No 577/91 (3).\n(2) In June 1995, the Commission decided to suspend the anti-dumping measures for a period of nine months (4). This decision was based on the findings that the market conditions had changed, due to a strong and growing demand for EPROMs, that market prices were stable at a relatively high level, and that the Community industry was no longer suffering from injury.\n(3) In March 1996, the suspension was extended for a period of 12 months, until 15 April 1997, by a Council Regulation (5). The Council determined that the extension was warranted because favourable market conditions had prevailed and would probably continue and that a recurrence of injury, as a result of such extension, was therefore unlikely.\n(4) During the period of suspension, a notice of impending expiry of the anti-dumping measures imposed against imports of EPROMs of Japanese origin (hereinafter also called: 'the product concerned`) (6), the Commission decided, in October 1995, and on its own initiative, to open an interim review, pursuant to Article 11 (3) of Council Regulation (EC) No 3283/94 (7), replaced by Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Basic Regulation`).\n(5) The grounds for the initiation of the interim review were:\n- an important new circumstance, namely the enlargement of the European Union, which had apparently led to a significant increase in the size of the Community EPROM market and had brought in several new substantial users of EPROMs,\n- an apparent significant development in respect of technology and application of one product segment which justifies a review in order to clarify the product definition,\n- the consideration that the interim review was appropriate to investigate the need for the continued imposition of the measures.\n(6) Since the interim review was not concluded at the end of the period of application of the measures, the investigation, pursuant to Article 11 (7) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96, covered also the circumstances of an expiry review in accordance with Article 11 (2) of the Basic Regulation.\n(7) The Commission officially advised the Community producers, the importers and the Japanese producers known to be concerned as well as the representatives of Japan of the opening of the investigation and gave the parties concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\nThe Commission sought and verified all information it deemed necessary for the purpose of the investigation and, for this purpose, visited the premises of SGS-Thomson Microelectronics Srl (complainant Community industry, see also recital 15 below).\n(8) During the investigation period, the following companies exported the product concerned to the European Community and cooperated with the Commission in the review investigation:\n- Advanced Micro Devices Inc.,\n- Fujitsu Limited,\n- Hitachi Ltd,\n- Intel,\n- Mitsubishi,\n- Oki Electric Co. Ltd,\n- Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd,\n- Sharp Corporation,\n- Texas Instruments,\n- Toshiba Corporation.\nOne company, National Semiconductor Corporation which did not, in the investigation period, export EPROMs of Japanese origin to the Community, but intended to do so after that period, and which expressed its wish to offer an undertaking, cooperated in the investigation and replied to the Commission's questionnaire.\n(9) The following unrelated importers, which are end-users of the product concerned, cooperated with the Commission in the present investigation:\n- Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson,\n- Nokia Corporation.\n(10) The investigation period applied in the present investigation was from 1 July 1994 to 30 June 1995. The trend analysis of factors relevant for the determination of injury was based on data collected for the period 1 January 1990 to the end of the investigation period.\n(11) The investigation has exceeded the normal time period because of the complexity of the aspects regarding injury and the likelihood of recurrence of injury which was mainly owing to the large number and the degree of diversity of the different types within the product concerned.\nB. PRODUCT UNDER CONSIDERATION AND LIKE PRODUCT\n(12) The products concerned by this investigation are EPROMs (erasable programmable read only memories), whether in processed wafer form or die form, and other product variations using EPROM technology, of all densities (including future densities), irrespective of access speed, configuration, frame or package. Flash EPROMs were also included in the investigation if they were based on an EPROM-like technology, typically (but not exclusively) on a one transistor cell technology, used in EPROM-like applications, and/or erasable only in blocks or sectors, thus distinguishing the Flash EPROM from other EPROMs which are byte-erasable.\n(13) The product concerned was classified within the following CN Codes:\n- 8542 11 33, 8542 11 34, 8542 11 35 or 8542 11 36 for finished UV erasable EPROMs,\n- ex 8542 11 38 for finished Flash EPROMs,\n- ex 8542 11 76 for OTPs,\n- ex 8542 11 01 for wafers for all types of EPROMs,\n- ex 8542 11 05 for dice and chips for all types of EPROMs.\n(14) It was found that EPROMs produced in Japan, sold domestically and exported to the Community, and EPROMs produced by the Community industry and sold on the Community market are alike in their physical characteristics and use. They are therefore considered as a like product in accordance with Article 1 (4) of Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96.\nC. DEFINITION OF THE COMMUNITY INDUSTRY\n(15) The Community industry consists of SGS-Thomson Microelectronics Srl ('SGS-Thomson`) which is a member of the European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association (EECA). The EECA was the complainant in the original investigation. SGS-Thomson is the only producer of EPROMs in the Community. The company submitted a response to the Commission's questionnaire within the deadline set by the Commission and cooperated in this investigation.\n(16) Since SGS-Thomson is the only Community producer of EPROMs, it constitutes the entirety of Community production. The requirements of Article 4 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96 are thus met.\nD. INJURY\nThe situation of the Community industry\n(17) Value of sales\nThe sales value of the Community industry, in the period 1990 to the investigation period, increased by more than 160 %.\n(18) Market share of the Community industry\nThe investigation has shown that, while overall consumption in the Community of the product concerned increased by 104 % between 1990 and the investigation period, the market share of the Community industry on this market increased by 142 % in the same period.\n(19) Production capacity and capacity utilization\nThe production capacity more than tripled between 1990 and the investigation period. Capacity utilization was constantly at the maximum level.\n(20) Stocks\nThe value of stocks decreased by around 18 % between 1990 and the investigation period.\n(21) Employment\nBetween 1990 and the investigation period, employment in the Community industry rose by 43 %.\n(22) Investment\nThe amount of investment increased by 155 % between 1990 and the investigation period.\n(23) Profitability\nWhereas the Community industry incurred losses in the years 1990 to 1992, substantial profits were achieved in the years 1993, 1994 and in the investigation period. In the years 1993, 1994 and in the investigation period, the return on turnover reached a satisfactory level.\n(24) Conclusion on injury\nIn the light of the abovementioned injury factors, it is considered that the Community industry did not suffer injury in the investigation period, since it produced at full capacity, sales value was at its maximum level, compared to production capacity, stocks were kept at the minimum level, employment had risen substantially, and profitability was high.\nE. LIKELIHOOD OF RECURRENCE OF INJURY\nFactors concerning the likelihood of recurrence of injury\n(25) Characteristics of the EPROM market\nThe EPROM market in the past has been fast growing, but volatile, as established in the original investigation. However, this volatility was less pronounced than for other types of integrated circuits, for example DRAMs, because the use of EPROM is spread more widely over different applications and user industries.\n(26) Market demand trends\nThe market demand had been increasing substantially and continually in the period from 1990 to the investigation period. On the basis of the information obtained during the investigation, it can be concluded that substantial growth rates may be expected for the time after the investigation period. These findings are confirmed by a market forecast made by a market analyst which predicts a growth of market consumption of almost 90 % between 1995 and 1999. Other market forecasts from other market research institutes are even more optimistic.\n(27) Market supply trends\nIt was found in the investigation period that EPROM manufacturers worldwide had, in particular in 1995, in view of the high growth in demand for Flash EPROMs, begun to extend their production capacities for Flash. Further investment decisions for additional production capacities have been announced for the time thereafter. According to publicly available data, around 40 % of these capacities have been or will be established in Japan. These capacities would increase substantially the overall world production capacity for Flash between 1995 and 1999. Compared to Flash, no substantial increase in production capacities for EPROMs proper has been announced.\n(28) Factors concerning the likelihood of recurrence of injury\nThe investigation showed that, at the end of the investigation period, the Community market for EPROMs was still stable, the situation of undersupply had continued and prices were still high. There were no substantiated indications that a change in market circumstances, which could have led to a recurrence of injury to the Community industry, was likely. Moreover, in an assessment concerning the likelihood of recurrence of injury, which was mainly based on the cost and sales data obtained from the Japanese producers in their periodical undertaking reports, it was found that, in mid 1996, i.e. one year after the investigation period of the review, the Community market for EPROMs had remained stable. Although the additional production capacities which had come on-stream had improved market supply, in particular for Flash, there were again no substantiated indications that these increased production capacities, in particular those built up by the Japanese manufacturers, would, in the imminent future, create a situation of over-supply on the Community market which could lead to a recurrence of injury to the Community industry. These findings were confirmed by the data available from market research institutes.\n(29) Conclusions concerning the likelihood of recurrence of injury\nIn the light of the foregoing, it is considered that the recurrence of injury, should the measures expire, is unlikely and that the measures are therefore no longer necessary.\nF. DUMPING/LIKELIHOOD OF RECURRENCE OF DUMPING\n(30) In view of the findings made in respect of injury, the investigation into dumping was not further pursued. Indeed, any dumping which might have been determined would not have caused injury and would therefore not be relevant for the purpose of this investigation. The same applies for the determination of the likelihood of recurrence of dumping.\nG. COMMENTS OF THE COMMUNITY INDUSTRY ON THE COMMISSION'S FINDINGS\n(31) The aforementioned findings and considerations were disclosed to the Community industry.\n(32) The Community industry claimed in its comments that the Commission had not taken into account the market development for EPROMs, in particular for the market segment of Flash EPROMs, since October 1996, which would show a steady decline of sales prices for these product types. Furthermore, the company pointed to a publication in October 1996 by market analysts which predicted, for an undefined point in time in the future, an over-supply of Flash EPROMs and a price-crash comparable to that seen for DRAMs, based on a background of increased production capacities and further projects of substantial capacity extension.\n(33) Although the above information would indicate a certain weakening of one market segment for the product concerned, the information submitted is not considered to justify a reversal of the positive trend as determined, based on the findings for the investigation period. Indeed, the data cited by the Community industry on the price development since October 1996 does not constitute a substantiated indication that this would lead to the recurrence of dumping and injury.\n(34) The Commission therefore considers that the considerations set out in recitals 23 and 28 concerning injury in the investigation period and the likelihood of recurrence of injury remain valid.\nH. CONCLUSIONS\n(35) Given the above findings, it is considered that the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of EPROMs originating in Japan should be terminated and that the anti-dumping measures in force should be allowed to lapse.\n(36) The Commission informed the interested parties other than the Community industry of its intention to terminate this proceeding and to allow the anti-dumping measures in force to lapse.\n(37) The Member States were consulted. No Member State raised objections to the Commission's intended course of action.\nI. ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THIS DECISION\n(38) The Commission considers that this Decision should enter into force on 16 April 1997, since the suspension of the anti-dumping duty expires on this day,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of EPROMs falling within CN codes\n- 8542 11 33, 8542 11 34, 8542 11 35 or 8542 11 36 for finished UV erasable EPROMs,\n- ex 8542 11 38 for finished Flash EPROMs,\n- ex 8542 11 76 for OTPs,\n- ex 8542 11 01 for wafers for all types of EPROMs and\n- ex 8542 11 05 for dice and chips for all types of EPROMs\nand originating in Japan is terminated and the anti-dumping measures imposed by Regulation (EEC) No 577/91 on such imports will therefore lapse.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on 16 April 1997", "answer groups": ["import", "microelectronics", "anti-dumping duty", "Japan", "anti-dumping legislation"], "distractor groups": ["research project", "credit union", "publication of a law", "joint committee (EU)", "transport staff", "trading volume", "printer", "overpopulation", "spare part", "supplementary income"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/298/EC: Commission Decision of 20 April 2006 conferring management of aid implementing agencies for pre-accession measures in agriculture and rural development in Romania in the pre-accession period\n22.4.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 109/9\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 20 April 2006\nconferring management of aid implementing agencies for pre-accession measures in agriculture and rural development in Romania in the pre-accession period\n(2006/298/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to the Council Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999 of 21 June 1999 on co-ordinating aid to the applicant countries in the framework of the pre-accession strategy and amending Regulation (EEC) No 3906/89\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 12(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Council Regulation (EC) No 1268/1999 of 21 June 1999 on Community support for pre-accession measures for agriculture and rural development in the applicant countries of central and eastern Europe in the pre-accession period\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 4(5) and (6) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Special Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development for Romania (hereinafter Sapard) was approved by Commission Decision C(2000) 3742 final of 12 December 2000, as last amended by Commission Decision C(2006) 1194 of 11 April 2006, in accordance with Article 4(5) and (6) of Regulation (EC) No 1268/1999.\n(2) The government of Romania and the Commission, acting on behalf of the European Community, signed on 2 February 2001 the Multi-Annual Financing Agreement laying down the technical, legal and administrative framework for the execution of Sapard, as last amended by the Annual Financing Agreement for 2004, signed on 12 May 2005, which finally entered into force on 3 November 2005.\n(3) The SAPARD Agency, public institution with legal status, in the subordination of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Rural Development has been appointed by the competent authority of Romania for the implementation of some of the measures defined in Sapard. The National Fund Department within the Ministry of Public Finance has been appointed for the financial functions it is due to perform in the framework of the implementation of Sapard.\n(4) On the basis of a case-by-case analysis of the national and sectorial programme/project management capacity, financial control procedures and structures regarding public finance, as provided for in Article 12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999, the Commission adopted Decision 2002/638/EC of 31 July 2002\u00a0(3) and Decision 2003/846/EC of 5 December 2003\u00a0(4) conferring management of aid on implementing agencies for pre-accession measures in agriculture and rural development in Romania in the pre-accession period with regard to certain measures provided for in Sapard.\n(5) The Commission has undertaken a further analysis under Article 12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999 in respect of measure 1.2 \u2018Improving the structures for quality, veterinary and plant-health controls, for the quality of foodstuffs and consumer protection\u2019; measure 3.2 \u2018Setting-up producers\u2019 groups\u2019; measure 3.3 \u2018Agricultural production methods designed to protect the environment and maintain the countryside\u2019 and measure 3.5 \u2018Forestry\u2019 as provided for in Sapard. The Commission considers that, also with regard to those measures, Romania complies with the provisions of Articles 4 to 6 and of the Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 2222/2000 of 7 June 2000 laying down financial rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1268/1999 on Community support for pre-accession measures for agriculture and rural development in the applicant countries of central and eastern Europe in the pre-accession period\u00a0(5), and with the minimum conditions set out in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999.\n(6) It is therefore appropriate to waive the ex-ante approval requirement referred to in Article 12(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999 and to confer with regard to measure 1.2, measure 3.2, measure 3.3 and measure 3.5, on the SAPARD Agency and on the Ministry of Public Finance, National Fund, in Romania the management of aid on a decentralised basis.\n(7) However, since the verifications carried out by the Commission for measure 1.2, measure 3.2, measure 3.3 and measure 3.5 are based on a system that is not yet fully operating with regard to all relevant elements, it is therefore appropriate to confer the management of the SAPARD Programme on the SAPARD Agency and on the Ministry of Public Finance, National Fund, according to Article 3(2) of Regulation No 2222/2000, on a provisional basis.\n(8) Full conferral of management of the Sapard is only envisaged after further verifications, in order to ensure that the system operates satisfactorily, have been carried out and after any recommendations the Commission may issue, with regard to the conferral of management of aid on the SAPARD Agency, in the subordination of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Waters and Environment and on the Ministry of Public Finance, National Fund, have been implemented.\n(9) On 6 October 2005 the Romanian Authorities proposed the rules for eligibility of expenditure for measure 1.2, measure 3.2 and measure 3.5, in accordance with Article 4(1) of Section B of the Multi-Annual Financing Agreement. The Commission is called upon to take a decision in this respect. Concerning measure 3.3, the rules for eligibility of expenditure are provided in the Sapard,\nThe requirement of ex-ante approval by the Commission of project selection and contracting for measure 1.2, measure 3.2, measure 3.3 and measure 3.5 by Romania provided for in Article 12(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1266/1999 is hereby waived.\nManagement of the SAPARD Programme is conferred on a provisional basis to:\n1. The SAPARD Agency under the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Rural Development, 43 \u015etirbei Vod\u0103, Sector 1, Bucharest, for the implementation of measure 1.2 \u2018Improving the structures for quality, veterinary and plant-health controls, for the quality of foodstuffs and consumer protection\u2019; measure 3.2 \u2018Setting-up producers\u2019 groups\u2019; measure 3.3 \u2018Agricultural production methods designed to protect the environment and maintain the countryside\u2019 and measure 3.5 \u2018Forestry\u2019 as defined in the Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development that was approved by Commission Decision C(2000) 3742 final on 12 December 2000, as last amended by Commission Decision C(2006) 1194, adopted on 11 April 2006.\n2. The National Fund within the Ministry of Public Finance, 44 Mircea Vod\u0103 Bulevard, Bucharest, for the financial functions it is due to perform in the framework of the implementation of the SAPARD programme for measure 1.2, measure 3.2, measure 3.3 and measure 3.5 for Romania.\nExpenditure pursuant to this Decision shall be eligible for Community co-finance only if incurred by beneficiaries from the date of this Decision, or if later, the date of the instrument making them a beneficiary for the project in question, except for feasibility and related studies, where this date shall be 12 December 2000, provided in all cases it has not been paid by the SAPARD Agency prior to the date of this Decision.\nWithout prejudice to any decisions granting aid under the Sapard to individual beneficiaries, the rules for eligibility of expenditure proposed by Romania by letter No 70832 of 22 September 2005 and registered in the Commission under No 29071, shall apply", "answer groups": ["accession to the European Union", "EU programme", "aid to agriculture", "management", "rural development", "Romania", "EU financing", "coordination of aid"], "distractor groups": ["free-range farming", "public stock", "Saint Helena", "Spodnjeposavska", "telegraph", "harmonisation of prices", "space technology"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0816/2007 of 12 July 2007 opening annual tariff quotas for the importation from Turkey of certain goods resulting from the processing of agricultural products covered by Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a03448/93\n13.7.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 183/5\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 816/2007\nof 12 July 2007\nopening annual tariff quotas for the importation from Turkey of certain goods resulting from the processing of agricultural products covered by Council Regulation (EC) No 3448/93\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 3448/93 of 6\u00a0December 1993 laying down the trade arrangements applicable to certain goods resulting from the processing of agricultural products\u00a0(1), and in particular, Article 7(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Decision No 1/95 of the EC Turkey Association Council\u00a0(2) implements the final phase of the Customs Union. Its Section V establishes the trade arrangements for processed agricultural products.\n(2) Decision No 1/97 of the EC Turkey Association Council\u00a0(3) establishes arrangements applicable to certain processed agricultural products.\n(3) Decision No 1/2007 of the EC Turkey Association Council\u00a0(4) establishes new trade improvements applicable to certain processed agricultural products which aim to deepen and widen the Customs Union and to improve economic convergence as a result of the enlargement of the Community on 1 May 2004. These improvements lay down concessions in the form of duty free tariff quotas. For imports outside of the quotas the current trade provisions continue to apply.\n(4) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(5), lays down rules for the management of tariff quotas. It is appropriate to provide that the tariff quotas opened by this Regulation are to be managed in accordance with those rules.\n(5) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2026/2005 of 13 December 2005 opening tariff quotas for 2006 and the following years for the importation into the European Community of certain goods from Turkey resulting from the processing of agricultural products covered by Council Regulation (EC) No 3448/93\u00a0(6) should be repealed. Quantities imported under this Regulation between 1 January 2007 and the date of repealing should be deducted from the quantity of the corresponding new quota.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee on horizontal questions concerning trade in processed agricultural products not listed in Annex I,\nThe Community tariff quotas for the importation from Turkey of the goods set out in the Annex are opened for the period from 1 January to 31 December of each year from 2007 under the conditions set out in that Annex.\nAdmission to the benefit of those tariff quotas shall be subject to the presentation of an A.TR. movement certificate in accordance with Decision No 1/2006 of the EC-Turkey Customs Cooperation Committee.\nThe Community tariff quotas referred to in Article 1 shall be managed by the Commission in accordance with Articles 308a, 308b and 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93.\nRegulation (EC) No 2026/2005 shall be repealed on the date of entering into force of this Regulation. The quantity of tariff quota with order number 09.0232 shall be reduced by the quantities of pasta imported under Regulation (EC) No 2026/2005 (order number 09.0205) between 1 of January 2007 and the date of entering into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall be applicable from 1 January 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "confectionery product", "originating product", "rice", "agro-industry", "import", "Turkey", "cereal product", "agricultural product"], "distractor groups": ["Speaker of Parliament", "pastry-making", "history", "ministerial responsibility", "statistical method", "heating"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 490/90 of 26 February 1990 repealing Regulations (EEC) No 1826/84 and (EEC) No 1282/81 imposing definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in Canada and the United states of America respectively\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 490/90\nof 26 February 1990\nrepealing Regulations (EEC) No 1826/84 and (EEC) No 1282/81 imposing definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in Canada and the United States of America respectively\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Articles 9 and 14 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) A definitive anti-dumping duty was imposed on imports of vinyl acetate monomer (VAM) originating in Canada by Council Regulation (EEC) No 1826/84 (2), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2879/87 (3).\nA definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of VAM originating in the United States of America was imposed by Council Regulation (EEC) No 1282/81 (4), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2357/87 (5).\nIn November 1988 the Commission received a request lodged on behalf of Quantum Chemical Corporation, a US producer/exporter, for a review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of VAM originating in the United States of America.\nIn that request, based on Article 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, it was claimed that dumping was no longer taking place and that the imports of VAM from the USA had ceased to cause injury to the Community industry. The Commission considered that there was sufficient evidence to warrant a review of the measures.\nIn view of the allegations made by the US producer/exporter and the consequent possibility that exports of VAM originating in Canada were also no longer being dumped or causing injury to the Community industry, the Commission considered it appropriate to extend the review to include imports of VAM originating in Canada to ensure that the duty would remain in force only to the extent necessary to counteract dumping which is causing injury.\n(2) The Commission accordingly announced, by a notice in the Official Journal of the European Communities (6), the initiation of a review of anti-dumping measures concerning imports into the Community of VAM originating in Canada and the United States of America and commenced an investigation.\n(3) The Commission officially so advised the exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting country and the complainants, and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\nThe Conseil Europ\u00e9en des F\u00e9d\u00e9rations de l'Industrie Chimique (Cefic), the Community producers of VAM, most exporters and some importers made their views known in writing, Cefic and some importers requested, and were granted, hearings.\nOne of the largest free market consumers of VAM in the Community made its views known in writing and requested, and was granted, a hearing.\n(4) The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purpose of its determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following companies:\nCommunity producers:\n- BP Chemicals Ltd, London, United Kingdom,\n- Montedipe Srl, Milan, Italy,\n- Wacker Chemie GmbH, Munich, Germany,\n- Rh\u00f4ne Poulenc SA, Paris, France.\nCanadian producer/exporter:\n- Celanese Canada Inc. Toronto, Canada.\nUS producers/exporters:\n- Hoechst Celanese Chemical Group, Dallas, USA,\n- Quantum Chemical Corporation, Cincinnati, USA.\nImporters related to an exporter:\n- Quantum Chemical Europe BV, Bavel, the Netherlands,\n- Hoechst Celanese NV, Brussels, Belgium.\n(5) The investigation of dumping covered the period from October 1988 to March 1989 inclusive.\nB. Dumping\nI. Normal value\n(6) Normal value was established for all producers/exporters involved in the proceeding on the basis of the weighted average domestic prices of sales to independent customers. These prices were net of all discounts and rebates directly related to the sales of VAM. It was also established that domestic sales of the companies investigated in Canada and the United States of America were profitable.\nOne exporter, however, did not provide details on its profitability of domestic sales. The Commission considered that the data concerning profitability constituted an essential part of the information needed and therefore informed the company that, in the absence of such information, normal value would be established on the basis of the facts available in accordance with Article 7 (7) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88. In this connection, the Commission considered that the results of its investigation provided the most appropriate basis for determination of normal value and established normal value on the basis of the highest weighted average domestic price found for the exporters which did fully cooperate.\nII. Export price\n(7) With regard to exports by Canadian and US producers/exporters directly to independent importers in the Community, export prices were determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the product sold.\nWhen exports to the Community were made to subsidiary companies, it was considered appropriate, in view of the relationship between exporter and importer, that export prices be constructed on the basis of prices at which the imported product was first resold to an independent buyer. Discounts and rebates were, where appropriate, deducted from the price to the first independent buyer. Suitable adjustments were made to take account of ail costs incurred between import and resale plus a 5 % profit on sales turnover.\nOne related importer disagreed with the rate of profit used by the Commission. However, the Council considered that 5 % was a minimum profit required for an independent importer of a chemical product like VAM. Moreover, a 5 % profit had also been used during the previous review proceeding.\nWhere cost allocations were necessary in constructing export prices they were made on the basis of turnover. The costs and turnover used for this purpose were generally those of the related importers' last available financial year and accordingly based on audited accounts.\nC. Comparison\n(8) For the purpose of a fair comparison between normal value and export price, and in accordance with Article 2 (9) and (10) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the Council took account of differences affecting price comparability, such as differences in terms of sale, where claims of a direct relationship of these differences to the sales under consideration could be satisfactorily demonstrated. This was the case in respect of differences in transport, insurance, handling and ancillary costs, credit terms, commissions and salaries paid to salesmen. All comparisons were made at ex-works level.\nD. Dumping margins\n(9) Normal value, which was established on a weighted average basis for each of the producers' domestic sales of VAM and in one case on the basis of the highest domestic price of another producer, was compared with the export prices on a transaction-by-transaction basis. The examination of the facts showed that export prices exceeded normal value for every exporter investigated in both Canada and the United States of America.\nE. Injury\n(10) In view of the above findings with respect to dumping, it is considered unnecessary to deal with the issue of injury.\nF. Termination\n(11) In the light of the above findings, it is concluded that in the absence of dumping, this review proceeding should be terminated and the anti-dumping duties referred to under recital (1) should be repealed.\nThe Community producers concerned were informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to terminate the review proceeding and were given the opportunity to comment. The industry considered that the situation prevalent during the investigation period was abnormal, since prices in the market had increased abnormally following a shortage of raw materials and, consequently, of VAM. It was claimed that, once the shortage was eliminated from the market, this would lead to a recurrence of dumping and injury. The industry suggested therefore that the measures remain in force.\nAfter giving due consideration to the objections raised by the industry, however, it is concluded that, in the absence of any dumping throughout the investigation period, the proceeding should be terminated and the anti-dumping measures repealed.\n(12) No objections to the termination of this proceeding were raised in the Advisory Committee.\nRegulations (EEC) No 1826/84 and (EEC) No 1282/81 are hereby repealed.\nThe anti-dumping proceedings concerning imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in Canada and the United States of America and falling under CN code 2915 32 00 are hereby terminated.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["United States", "organic acid", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["quality label", "customs harmonisation", "anti-pollution device", "pump", "creation of nuclear-free zones", "early childhood", "agricultural building", "Alentejo", "periodic penalty payment", "fishing industry", "electronic document management", "forest"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2007/68/EC of 27 November 2007 amending Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards certain food ingredients (Text with EEA relevance)\n28.11.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 310/11\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2007/68/EC\nof 27 November 2007\namending Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards certain food ingredients\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 March 2000 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs\u00a0(1), and in particular third subparagraph of Article 6(11) and Article 21 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC establishes a list of food ingredients which must be indicated on the label of foodstuffs as they are likely to cause adverse reactions in susceptible individuals.\n(2) Directive 2000/13/EC provides for the possibility of excluding from the labelling requirement ingredients or substances derived from ingredients listed in Annex IIIa for which it has been scientifically established that they are not likely, under specific circumstances, to trigger adverse reactions.\n(3) Commission Directive 2005/26/EC\u00a0(2) establishes the list of food ingredients or substances provisionally excluded from the labelling requirement until the 25 November 2007.\n(4) A number of applications for permanent exemption from the labelling requirement have been submitted to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Those applications concern substances for which provisional exemptions were granted by Directive 2005/26/EC. On the basis of the EFSA opinions and other available information, it can be concluded that certain ingredients or substances derived from those ingredients listed in Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC are not likely, under specific circumstances, to cause adverse reactions in susceptible individuals.\n(5) Those ingredients or substances derived from those ingredients should therefore be permanently excluded from Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC.\n(6) Annex IIIa of Directive 2000/13/EC should be amended accordingly.\n(7) Directive 2005/26/EC should be repealed on 26 November 2007 in view of the deadline set by Article 6(11), second subparagraph of Directive 2000/13/EC.\n(8) In order to avoid disruption of the market, it is necessary for this Directive to apply from the 26 November 2007.\n(9) It was expected that this Directive could be adopted and published well in advance of the date of 26 November 2007 in order to give time to the industry to adapt to the new rules. Since this has not been possible in practice, temporary measures appear therefore necessary to facilitate the application of the new rules. Indeed changes in labelling rules will affect industry, mainly small and medium enterprises, which need an adaptation period to smooth the transition towards new labelling requirements.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Directive as from 26 November 2007.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 May 2008 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nDirective 2005/26/EC shall be repealed on 26 November 2007.\nMember States shall allow foodstuffs placed on the market or labelled before 31 May 2009 that comply with the provisions of Directive 2005/26/EC to be marketed until stocks are exhausted.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["food safety", "marketing", "consumer information", "labelling", "foodstuff"], "distractor groups": ["Indonesia", "monopoly", "ACP-EU Joint Assembly", "national parliament", "combat vehicle", "fresh vegetable", "Fascism", "Saudi Arabia", "political power", "tunnel"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 301/90 of 2 February 1990 amending Regulation (EEC) No 210/89 on communications between Member States and the Commission with regard to milk and milk products\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 301/90\nof 2 February 1990\namending Regulation (EEC) No 210/89 on communications between Member States and the Commission with regard to milk and milk products\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 of 27 June 1968 on the common organization of the market in milk and milk products (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3879/89 (2), and in particular 28 thereof,\nWhereas Commission Regulation (EEC) No 210/69 (3), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 222/88 (4), provides for the Member States to notifiy to the Commission the data needed for management of the milk sector;\nWhereas the provisions of that Regulation should be brought into line with developments in data transmission by telecommunications; whereas in the first instance these changes should affect only notification of Community market prices as stipulated in Article 5 (1) (a) of that Regulation;\nWhereas it is desirable at the same time to update the Annex to the said Regulation listing the products for which market prices are to be notified;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Milk and Milk Products,\nRegulation (EEC) No 210/69 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. Article 5 (1) is replaced by the following:\n'1. Member States shall notify to the Commission\n(a) by IDES (interactive data entry system), by Thursday of each week at the latest, the prices (exclusive of tax) obtaining in their territory for the products listed in the Annex, stating the marketing stage (ex factory, wholesale, retail) and the product characterstics to which prices apply;\n(b) by telex or telefax:\n- for the pilot products listed in Annex I to Regulation (EEC) No 2915/79, by the 10th and 25th of each month at the latest, the most recent prices known to them, stating the origin and quantity concerned, for the following prices:\n- free-at-frontier offer prices for imports into the Community,\n- free-at-frontier prices obtaining for imports into the Community,\n- prices obtaining for products imported into non-member countries from other non-member countries,\n- by the 25th of each month at the latest, the most recent prices for casein and caseinates obtaining on the world market and in the Community, stating the marketing stage.';\n2. The Annex is replaced by the following:\n'ANNEX\nProducts referred to in Article 5 (1) (a)\n1.2 // 1. Powdered whey // 17. Provolone // 2. Skimmed-milk powder // 18. Asiago // 3. Whole milk powder // 19. Gouda // 4. Unsweetened condensed milk // 20. Edam // 5. Sweetened condensed milk // 21. Danbo, Samso, Svenbo // 6. Butter // 22. Kasseri // 7. Butteroil // 23. Mozzarella // 8. Emmental // 24. Havarti, Tilsit // 9. Blue-veined cheese // 25. Butterkaese // 10. Grana padano // 26. Esrom // 11. Parmigiano Reggiano // 27. Italico // 12. Other types of grana // 28. Saint-Paulin // 13. Pecorino (romano, sardo) // 29. Cantal // 14. Other types of pecorino // 30. Salted ricotta // 15. Manchego // 31. Feta // 16. Cheddar // 32. Lactose'.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 1 April 1990.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["milk", "EU Member State", "disclosure of information", "European Commission", "milk product"], "distractor groups": ["professional career", "demographic analysis", "V\u00e4rmland county", "market intervention", "status of the person elected", "organisation of production", "rural migration", "economic analysis", "European language", "blood disease"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/180/EC: Commission Decision of 4 March 2005 authorising Member States to adopt certain derogations pursuant to Council Directive 96/49/EC with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by rail (notified under document number C(2005) 443) (Text with EEA relevance)\n8.3.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 61/41\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 4 March 2005\nauthorising Member States to adopt certain derogations pursuant to Council Directive 96/49/EC with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by rail\n(notified under document number C(2005) 443)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2005/180/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 96/49/EC of 23 July 1996 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by rail\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 6(9), (11) and (14) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Pursuant to Article 6(9) of Directive 96/49/EC, Member States must give the Commission an advance notification of their derogations, for the first time by 31 December 2002 or until two years after the last date of application of the amended versions of the Annex to the Directive.\n(2) Certain Member States had notified the Commission by 31 December 2002 of their wish to adopt derogations from Directive 96/49/EC. By Commission Decision 2003/627/EC of 20 August 2003 authorising Member States pursuant to Directive 96/49/EC to adopt certain derogations with regard to the transport of dangerous goods by rail\u00a0(2), the Commission authorised the adoption by those Member States of the derogations listed in Annexes I and II to that Decision.\n(3) Commission Directive 2003/29/EC\u00a0(3) amended the Annex to Directive 96/49/EC. By virtue of Directive 2003/29/EC Member States had to bring into force national legislation no later than 1 July 2003, the last date of application referred to in Article 6(9) of Directive 96/49/EC being 30 June 2003.\n(4) A few Member States notified their wish to adopt derogations. The Commission has examined the notifications for compliance with the conditions laid down in Articles 6(9), (11) and (14) of Directive 96/49/EC, and has approved them. Those Member States should therefore be authorised to adopt those derogations.\n(5) By the same occasion, it is considered desirable to assemble all the derogations authorised to date in a single decision. Decision 2003/627/EC should therefore be repealed and replaced.\n(6) To make sure that the situation of the derogations is updated regularly, the Commission shall propose a comprehensive update of all existing derogations at least every five years.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the transport of dangerous goods, set up by Article 9 of Council Directive 94/55/EC\u00a0(4),\nMember States listed in Annex I are authorised to implement the derogations set out in Annex I, regarding the transportation by rail within their territory of small quantities of certain dangerous goods.\nThese derogations shall be applied without discrimination.\nMember States listed in Annex II are authorised to implement the derogations set out in Annex II regarding, first, the transportation on particular designated routes within their territory of dangerous goods forming part of a defined industrial process, being of local nature and being tightly controlled under clearly specified conditions, and, secondly, the local transportation of dangerous goods over short distances within the perimeters of ports, airports or industrial sites.\nDecision 2003/627/EC is repealed.\nReferences to the repealed Decision shall be construed as references to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["transport safety", "United Kingdom", "Sweden", "rail transport", "France", "Germany", "transport regulations", "derogation from EU law", "transport of dangerous goods"], "distractor groups": ["Yaound\u00e9 Convention", "social behaviour", "remote sensing", "decentralisation", "container", "insurance contract"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Directive 2007/75/EC of 20 December 2007 amending Directive 2006/112/EC with regard to certain temporary provisions concerning rates of value added tax\n29.12.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 346/13\nCOUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2007/75/EC\nof 20 December 2007\namending Directive 2006/112/EC with regard to certain temporary provisions concerning rates of value added tax\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 93 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee,\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Directive 2006/112/EC of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax\u00a0(2) provides for certain derogations with respect to VAT rates. Some of the derogations expire on a fixed date, while others last until the adoption of definitive arrangements.\n(2) The derogations with respect to VAT rates provided for by Directive 2006/112/EC in conformity with the 2003 Act of Accession, and which allow for the smooth adaptation of the economies of certain new Member States to the internal market, have a fixed date and expire shortly.\n(3) A number of these new Member States have expressed their wish to apply the derogations from which they thus benefit for a further period.\n(4) In view of the pending debate on the use of reduced rates and the legislative proposal to be presented by the Commission, it is appropriate to extend certain derogations until the end of 2010, the date to which the experiment on the application of a reduced rate to labour-intensive services has been extended.\n(5) Directive 2006/112/EC should therefore be amended accordingly,\nWith effect from 1 January 2008, Directive 2006/112/EC is hereby amended as follows:\n1. Article 123 shall be replaced by the following:\n2. Article 124 shall be deleted;\n3. in Article 125(1) and (2), the words \u2018until 31 December 2007\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018until 31 December 2010\u2019;\n4. Article 126 shall be deleted;\n5. in Article 127, \u20181 January 2010\u2019 shall be replaced by \u201831\u00a0December 2010\u2019;\n6. Article 128 shall be replaced by the following:\n7. in Article 129(1) and (2), the words \u2018until 31 December 2007\u2019 shall be replaced by \u2018until 31 December 2010\u2019;\n8. Article 130 shall be deleted.\nMember States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["tax exemption", "provision of services", "distributive trades", "tax relief", "VAT", "Poland", "Czech Republic", "tax harmonisation", "delivery"], "distractor groups": ["customers", "higher court", "Solomon Islands", "language teaching", "flavouring", "parliamentary session"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/605/EC: Decision of the Translation Centre for the bodies of the European Union of 13 April 2004 on the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding public access to documents\n20.8.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 272/13\nDECISION OF THE TRANSLATION CENTRE FOR THE BODIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\nof 13 April 2004\non the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding public access to documents\n(2004/605/EC)\nTHE MANAGEMENT BOARD\n,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2965/94 of 28 November 1994 setting up a Translation Centre for bodies of the European Union\u00a0(1), as last amended by Council Regulation (EC) No 1645/2003\u00a0(2) of 18 June 2003, in particular Article 18a thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The second subparagraph of Article 1 of the Treaty on European Union enshrines the concept of openness, stating that the Treaty marks a new stage in the process of creating an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe, in which decisions are taken as openly as possible and as closely as possible to the citizen.\n(2) Openness guarantees that the administration enjoys greater legitimacy and is more effective and more accountable to the citizen in a democratic system and contributes to strengthening the principles of democracy and respect for fundamental rights as laid down in Article 6 of the EU Treaty and in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.\n(3) Article 18a of Regulation (EC) No 2965/94 provides that Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents\u00a0(3) (hereinafter Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001) shall also apply to documents held by the Centre and it also provides that the Management Board shall adopt the practical arrangements for implementing Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001,\nBeneficiaries and scope\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any natural or legal person shall have a right of access to documents of the Translation Centre for the bodies of the European Union (the Centre) subject to the principles, conditions and limits laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 and in accordance with the provisions of this decision.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Documents in the Centre\u2019s possession for translation purposes only are not held by the Centre within the meaning of Article 2(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001.\nDefinitions\nFor the purpose of this decision:\n(a) \u2018document\u2019 shall mean any content whatever its medium (written on paper or stored in electronic form or as a sound, visual or audiovisual recording) concerning a matter relating to the policies, activities and decisions falling within the Centre\u2019s sphere of responsibility;\n(b) \u2018third party\u2019 shall mean any natural or legal person, or any entity outside the Centre, including the Member States, other Community or non-Community institutions and bodies and third countries.\nApplications\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0All applications for access to a document shall be sent to the Centre via its website (www.cdt.eu.int), by e-mail (cdt@cdt.eu.int), by mail (Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union, B\u00e2timent Nouvel H\u00e9micycle, 1 rue du Fort Th\u00fcngen, L-1499 Luxembourg), or by fax ((352) 421711 220). The Centre shall reply to initial and confirmatory access applications within 15 working days from the date of registration of the application. In the case of complex or bulky applications, the deadline may be extended by 15 working days. Reasons must be given for any extension of the deadline and be notified to the applicant in advance.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If an application is not sufficiently precise, as referred to in Article 6(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001, the Centre shall ask the applicant to provide further information to help identify the documents requested; the deadline for reply shall run only from the date on which the Centre is in receipt of such information.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any decision which is even partly negative shall state the reason for the refusal based on one of the exceptions listed in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 and shall inform the applicant of the remedies open to it.\nProcessing of initial applications\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Once the application has been registered, an acknowledgement of receipt shall be sent to the applicant, unless a reply is sent immediately. The acknowledgement of receipt and the reply shall be sent in writing, where appropriate in electronic form.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Subject to the provisions of Article 9 of this decision, the Administration Department shall have the power to decide on the action to be taken with regard to initial applications. To that end, a member of staff shall be assigned to process applications for access and to coordinate replies.\nThe applicant shall be informed of the outcome of its application.\nAny reply which is even partly negative shall inform the applicant of its right to submit, within 15 working days from receipt of the reply, a confirmatory application to the Centre.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In the event of a total or partial refusal, the applicant may, within 15 working days of receiving the Centre\u2019s reply, make a confirmatory application asking the Centre to reconsider its position.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Failure by the Centre to reply within the prescribed time-limit shall entitle the applicant to make a confirmatory application.\nProcessing of confirmatory applications\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Director of the Centre shall decide on confirmatory applications. He shall inform the Centre\u2019s Management Board of his decision.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The decision shall be notified to the applicant in writing, where appropriate in electronic form, informing the applicant of its right to bring an action before the Court of First Instance or to lodge a complaint with the European Ombudsman.\nConsultation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where the Centre receives an application for access to a document which it holds but which originates from a third party, the Centre shall examine whether one of the exceptions provided for under Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 applies.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If, after examination, the Centre considers that access to the document requested must be refused by reason of one of the exceptions provided for in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001, the negative answer shall be sent to the applicant without consultation of the third-party author.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 of this Article, the Centre shall grant the application without consulting the third-party author where:\n(a) the document requested has already been disclosed either by its author or pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 or similar provisions;\n(b) the disclosure, or partial disclosure, of its contents would not obviously undermine one of the interests referred to in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001.\nIn all other cases, the third-party author shall be consulted.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If an application for access concerns a document originating from a Member State, the Centre shall consult the originator subject to the provisions of paragraph 3(a) of this Article.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The third party consulted shall have not less than five working days in which to reply, or enough time to allow the Centre to meet its own time limits for replying. If no reply is received within the prescribed period, or if the third party cannot be found or identified, the Centre shall decide in accordance with the rules on exceptions stated in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001, taking account of the legitimate interests of the third party on the basis of the information at its disposal.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the Centre intends to give access to a document against the explicit opinion of the author, it shall inform the author of its intention to disclose the document after a period of 10 working days and shall draw the author\u2019s attention to the remedies open to it to oppose such disclosure.\nExercise of the right of access\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Documents shall be sent by mail, fax or, if available, by e-mail. If documents are voluminous or unwieldy, the applicant may be asked to consult the documents on the spot. This consultation shall be free of charge.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the document has been published, the reply shall consist of references to the publication and/or the place where the document is available and, where appropriate, the address of the document on the website www.cdt.eu.int.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the volume of the documents requested exceeds 20 pages, the applicant may be charged a fee of EUR 0,10\u00a0per page, plus delivery charge. The amount of this fee may be amended by the Centre\u2019s Director. The charges for other media shall be decided individually, but shall not exceed a reasonable amount.\nMeasures facilitating access to documents\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0To make citizens\u2019 rights under Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 effective, the Centre shall provide public access to a register of documents. Access to the register shall be provided in electronic form.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The register shall contain the title of the document (in the languages in which it is available), including, where applicable, other useful references, an indication of its author and the date of its creation or adoption.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A help page (in all official languages) shall inform the public how the document can be obtained. If the document is published, there shall be a link to the original text.\nDocuments directly accessible to the public\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This article applies only to documents drawn up or received after the date of implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The following documents shall be automatically provided on request and, as far as possible, made directly accessible in electronic form:\n(a) texts adopted by the Centre\u2019s Director or Management Board intended for publication in the Official Journal of the European Union or on the Centre\u2019s website;\n(b) documents originating from third parties which have already been disclosed by their author or with its consent;\n(c) documents already disclosed following a previous application.\n0\nReports\nThe Centre shall publish annually a report for the preceding year including information on implementation of this decision, in particular statistics on the number of applications for access to the Centre\u2019s documents, the number of cases in which the Centre refused to grant access and the reasons for such refusals, in accordance with Article 17(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001.\n1\nEntry into force\nThis decision shall enter into force on 1 April 2004.\n2\nPublication\nThis decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["EU publication", "Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union", "access to EU information"], "distractor groups": ["European arms policy", "soft technology", "Eurofound", "credit rating", "toll", "information system", "strategic reserves", "arboriculture", "food contamination", "specialisation of trade", "conscientious objection", "tobacco industry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2535/89 of 2 August 1989 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in Czechoslavakia\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2535/89\nof 2 August 1989\nimposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of potassium permanganate originating in Czechoslavakia\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 10 (6) thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee established by that Regulation.\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) Following a complaint lodged by the European Council of Chemical Manufacturers' Federations (ECCMF) on behalf of a Community producer of potassium permanganate whose output constitutes the totality of the Community production of the product in question, the Commission published a notice in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2) announcing the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of potassium permanganate falling within CN code ex 2841 60 00 originating in Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic and the People's Republic of China, it then commenced an investigation.\n(2) Following the investigation, which established the existence of dumping and injury, a provisional duty was imposed by Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2495/86 (3) on imports originating in those countries. The Commission, by Decision 86/589/EEC (4), subsequently accepted an undertaking which was offered inter alia by the Czechoslovakian exporter - Chemapol Foreign Trade Co. Ltd.\n(3) The Commission received afterwards a request from ECCMF to investigate the non-compliance of the price undertaking which resulted mainly from the study of the available official statistics. Furthermore, evidence was obtained showing that Chemapol appears to have exported potassium permanganate to the Community at a price much lower than that stipulated in the undertaking. The Commission subsequently granted the Czechoslovakian exporting company a hearing.\nB. Violation of the undertaking\n(4) The analysis of the official statistics suggests that the undertaking has been violated.\n(5) Moreover, from the evidence obtained by the Commission it has been confirmed that the Czechoslovakian exporter invoiced the product concerned to the Community, through an independent customer, at a price considerably lower than that stipulated in the price undertaking.\n(6) The exporter did not dispute the statistics or the evidence of violation, but said that its independent customer had agreed not to seil the product in the Community and that in spite of this agreement the product was sold into the Community as the exporter was not able to control the activities of all its customers. However, in the price undertaking under consideration, the exporter agreed not to export potassium permanganate to the Community, either directly or indirectly, through a subsidiary, a branch or an agent of the company, or any third party or entity, at less than a certain price, cif Community frontier. Accord to the clear wording and the purpose of this undertaking, the mere export of the product concerned to the Community, in breach of the price stipulated, constitutes a violation of the undertaking. It is immaterial that the exporter's customer did not respect the alleged agreement, according to which the product should not be sold in the Community.\nC. Reopening of the proceeding\n(7) The Commission considers that in these circumstances the facts should be reviewed. It has therefore reopened the investigation.\nD. Provisional measures\n(8) In the light of the evidence available to it confirming the price violation, the Commission considers that acceptance of the undertaking given by Chemapol Foreign Trade Co. Ltd should be withdrawn. In addition, on the basis of the facts established by the investigation showing the injury caused, it is in the interests of the Community to impose a provisional anti-dumping duty forthwith\non all imports of potassium permanganate originating in Czechoslovakia, in accordance with Article 10 (6) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88.\nE. Rate of duty\n(9) According to that Regulation, the anti-dumping duty should be set on the basis of the facts established before the acceptance of the undertaking. Therefore, provisional duty shall be set either at a rate equivalent to the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier price, not cleared through customs, to the first importer in the Community falls below, ECU 2,30 net per kilogram, or at 21 % of that price, whichever is the higher, in conformity with Regulation (EEC) No 2495/86,\nThe Commission's acceptance of the unertaking given by Chemapol Foreign Trade Co. Ltd on 26 November 1986 is hereby withdrawn.\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of potasium permanganate originating in Czechoslovakia and falling within CN code ex 2841 60 00.\n2. The duty shall be equal to either the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier net price per kilogram, not cleared through customs falls below ECU 2,30, or 21 % of that price, whichever is the higher.\n3. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\n4. The release for free circulation in the Community of the product referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provision of a security equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) and (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the parties concerned may make known their views in writing and aply to be heard by the Commission within one month of the entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, it shall apply for a period of four months unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Eastern Bloc countries", "chemical product", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["holding of two jobs", "redistribution of income", "early fruit and vegetables", "associated country", "cross-frontier data flow", "photograph", "sugar cane", "oil mill", "graphic illustration", "building subsidy", "President of the EP", "vanadium"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 726/2014 of 30 June 2014 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 as regards a new Union tariff quota for prepared herring originating in Norway\n1.7.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 192/41\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 726/2014\nof 30 June 2014\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 as regards a new Union tariff quota for prepared herring originating in Norway\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0992/95 of 10 April 1995 opening and providing for the administration of\u00a0Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and fishery products originating in Norway\u00a0(1), and in particular Article\u00a05(1)(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Council Decision 2014/343/EU\u00a0(2), the signing and the provisional application of an Additional Protocol to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Kingdom of Norway consequent to the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union have been approved.\n(2) The Additional Protocol provides for a new tariff quota for release for free circulation in the European Union of certain prepared herring originating in Norway.\n(3) It is necessary to amend Regulation (EC) No\u00a0992/95 in order to implement the new tariff quota.\n(4) The new tariff quota should apply for a period of 12\u00a0months. In accordance with Decision 2014/343/EU, it is to apply from the day of the provisional application of the Additional Protocol. This Regulation should therefore apply from the same date.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nThe following row is added to the Annex to Regulation (EC) No\u00a0992/95:\n\u201809.0859 ex\u00a01604\u00a012\u00a091 10 Herring, spiced and/or vinegar cured, in brine From 1.8.2014 to 31.7.2015 1\u00a0400 tonnes net drained weight 0\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 August 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "originating product", "prepared foodstuff", "import (EU)", "Norway", "sea fish"], "distractor groups": ["fine arts", "telecommunications policy", "Benelux", "earth sciences", "space science", "hydroponics", "intra-company collective agreement", "Union of South American Nations", "Libya"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Directive 2013/45/EU of 7\u00a0August 2013 amending Council Directives 2002/55/EC and 2008/72/EC and Commission Directive 2009/145/EC as regards the botanical name of tomato Text with EEA relevance\n8.8.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 213/20\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2013/45/EU\nof 7 August 2013\namending Council Directives 2002/55/EC and 2008/72/EC and Commission Directive 2009/145/EC as regards the botanical name of tomato\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2002/55/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of vegetable seed\u00a0(1), and in particular Articles 2(2), 44(2), Article 45 and Article 48(1)(b) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2008/72/EC of 15 July 2008 on the marketing of vegetable propagating and planting material, other than seed\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 1(3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In the light of the development of scientific knowledge, the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) has been revised, in particular with respect to the botanical name of the species tomato.\n(2) In order to reflect that development, Directives 2002/55/EC, 2008/72/EC and Commission Directive 2009/145/EC of 26 November 2009 providing for certain derogations, for acceptance of vegetable landraces and varieties which have been traditionally grown in particular localities and regions and are threatened by genetic erosion and of vegetable varieties with no intrinsic value for commercial crop production but developed for growing under particular conditions and for marketing of seed of those landraces and varieties\u00a0(3) should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(3) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Seeds and Propagating Material for Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry,\nAmendments to Directive 2002/55/EC\nDirective 2002/55/EC is amended as follows:\n(1) in Article 2(1)(b) the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019;\n(2) in the table in point 3(a) of Annex II, the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019;\n(3) in the table in point 2 of Annex III, the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019.\nAmendments to Directive 2008/72/EC\nIn the table in Annex II to Directive 2008/72/EC, the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.\u2019 are replaced by the words \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019.\nAmendments to Directive 2009/145/EC\nDirective 2009/145/EC is amended as follows:\n(1) in the table in Annex I, the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.\u2019 are replaced by \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019;\n(2) in the table in Annex II, the words \u2018Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.\u2019 are replaced by \u2018Solanum lycopersicum L.\u2019.\nTransposition\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 31 March 2014 at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nEntry into force\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nAddressees\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["fruit vegetable", "product designation", "plant taxonomy"], "distractor groups": ["constitution", "European foundation", "originating product", "small town", "Statute for Members of the Parliament", "energy efficiency", "Bistrita-Nasaud", "single parent", "monocracy", "national library", "Mediterranean forest", "therapeutics"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 113/86 of 20 January 1986 amending Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of electronic typewriters originating in Japan\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 113/86\nof 20 January 1986\namending Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of electronic typewriters originating in Japan\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Articles 12 and 14 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultation within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\n1. By Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 (2) a definitive anti-dumping duty was imposed on imports of electronic typewriters originating inJapan.\n2. Following the imposition of the definitive duty it has come to light that certain calculations had to be revised. These calculations do not concern the dumping margins but the level of duty necessary to eliminate injury:\n- in the case of Brother Industries Ltd, Silver Seiko Ltd, TEC Tokyo Electric Company Ltd, and Towa Sankiden Corporation, the comparison between their sales prices in the Community and the target prices described in Recital 36 of Regulation No 1698/85 had erroneously included some data concerning models of electronic typewriters manufactured by a Community producer outside the Community. These data should be excluded from the comparison;\n- in the case of Silver Seiko Ltd, an arithmetical error had occurred in the model comparison; this error should be corrected. This revision leads to the following results:\n1.2.3 // // Definitive duty // Revised duty // Brother Industries Ltd // 21 % // No change // Silver Seiko Ltd // 21 % // 23 % // TEC Tokyo Electric Co. Ltd // 21 % // 24 % // Towa Sankiden Corporation // 20 % // No change\n3. In the case of Tokyo Juki Industrial Co. Ltd, a review has been initiated because of the completely changed circumstances in the special situation of Tokyo Juki. Moreover Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 does not fully state the reasons why anti-dumping measures were taken with regard to Tokyo Juki, taking into account the special situation of Tokyo Juki during the investigation period from 1 April 1983 to 31 March 1984. Consequently it is appropriate not to apply the duty as far as Tokyo Juki is concerned.\n4. The exporters concerned were informed of these facts and resulting consequences and were given the opportunity to comment. Their comments were taken into consideration.\n5. It is appropriate to amend Regulation No 1698/85 accordingly.\n1. In Article 1 (4) of Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 the rates of duty applicable to Silver Seiko Ltd and TEC Tokyo Electric Co. Ltd, are hereby amended as follows:\n- Silver Seiko Ltd: 23 %\n- TEC Tokyo Electric Co. Ltd: 24 %\n2. The other rates of duty shall remain unchanged.\nArticles 1 and 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 1698/85 shall not apply, as far as Tokyo Juki Industrial Co. Ltd is concerned, with effect from 23 June 1985.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["dumping", "Japan", "office equipment", "electronic device"], "distractor groups": ["rights of access", "consumer price", "indebtedness", "new economic order", "starch", "consumer movement", "distribution of the tax burden", "Arctic Council", "European Trade Union Institute", "sawmill", "health care profession"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "82/742/EEC: Commission Decision of 29 October 1982 relating to a proceeding under Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (IV/30.517 - Amersham Buchler) (Only the English and German texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 29 October 1982\nrelating to a proceeding under Article 85 of the EEC Treaty\n(IV/30.517 - Amersham Buchler\n(Only the English and German texts are authentic)\n(82/742/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 85 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation No 17 of 6 February 1962 (1), and in particular Articles 6 and 8 thereof,\nHaving regard to the notification and application for negative clearance made to the Commission on 21 December 1981 by Amersham International Ltd on behalf of that company and of Buchler GmbH concerning the formation of a joint venture company,\nHaving regard to the publication of the summary of the notification (2), pursuant to Article 19 (3) of the said Regulation No 17 to which no observations from third parties were received by the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the Advisory Committee on Restrictive Practices and Dominant Positions delivered on 7 September 1982 in accordance with Article 10 of the said Regulation No 17,\nWhereas:\nI. THE FACTS\nA. THE AGREEMENTS\n1. On 21 December 1981, Amersham International Ltd (Amersham), an English company, notified the following agreements:\n(1) Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 16 August 1971, superseded by Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 29 November 1974;\n(2) Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH of 16 August 1971, amended on 20 December 1971, superseded by Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH of 18 December 1972;\n(3) Contract between Buchler & Co. and Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 13 October 1971, superseded by Contract between The Radiochemical Centre Ltd (TRC Ltd), The Radiochemical Centre GmbH (TRC GmbH), Buchler & Co. KG and Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 20 December 1978; and\n(4) Exclusive distributorship agreement between The Radiochemical Centre Ltd and Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 20 December 1978.\nThe agreements under (1) and (2) were made for the founding of a joint venture company named Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG, with Amersham Buchler GmbH being the unlimited liability partner.\nThe agreements under (3) provide that the joint venture should buy Buchler's radioactive product business and that it should receive know-how and expertise from Amersham and Buchler. By the agreement under (4), the joint venture is appointed the exclusive distributor of Amersham for the Federal Republic of Germany including West Berlin.\nWith respect to these agreements, Amersham made an application to the Commission for negative clearance, or, failing that, an exemption under Article 85 (3).\n2. The joint venture was formed jointly by:\n(a) TRC GmbH, a 100 % subsidiary of Amersham (formerly TRC Ltd); and\n(b) Buchler GmbH (formerly Buchler GmbH & Co. KG).\nTRC GmbH holds 60 % and Buchler holds 40 % of the capital of the joint venture. The agreements have the object of establishing a joint venture for the manufacture and marketing of radioactive material and products, and in particular of radiochemical products for research purposes, radiopharmaceutical products, and radiation sources.\nThe agreements provide that the founding parties may not compete with the joint venture. In case a competitor gains control over one of the parties, the other party may require that the former cease to be a party to the joint venture.\n3. Before entering into these agreements, Amersham (then: The Radiochemical Centre) acted as a commercial department within the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), a body controlled by the UK Government. This Centre had responsibility for research, development, manufacture, use and disposal of radioisotopes. In 1971, the commercial activities of the UKAEA in the field of radioisotopes were transferred to a newly-created corporate entity, The Radiochemical Centre Ltd (TRC Ltd), which later changed its name to Amersham International Ltd. The UKAEA assured TRC Ltd access to its nuclear facilities and granted TRC Ltd the right to act as the commercial representative for all commercially-applicable radioactive products emanating from the facilities of the UKAEA.\nBuchler had acted for Amersham as sole distributor for Germany since 1960. Traditionally, Buchler had been producing radioactive sources derived from naturally-occurring radioactive materials, especially radium. Other branches of production have included and continue to include radiation protection equipment, irradiation devices for use in medicine, research and industry as well as the making of Quinidine salts and Quinidine.\n4. In 1971, Amersham (then: TRC Ltd) and Buchler agreed to establish Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG. Buchler transferred its radioactive product business to the joint venture but remained an independent producer as regards its other product lines.\nThe principal task of the joint venture is to distribute in Germany the products made by Amersham. It is to ensure the high standards of safe handling during transport and storage which radioactive products require. Moreover the joint venture provided the basis for creating a waste disposal service for the radioactive waste of which most customers could not dispose of otherwise. Amersham sells its products in other Member States through other distributors.\nB. THE MARKET\n5. Amersham Buchler's total sales for the fiscal year 1980/81 amount to . . . . . . (1). This represents an estimated share of the German market for radioactive products of 17;8 %, the overall volume of that market being estimated at . . . . . . . Amersham Buchler's biggest competitors on the market are . . . . . . , and . . . . . . with estimated market shares of 13;5 %, 11;5 %, and 11;3 %, respectively. The remaining 45;9 % are distributed among more than 17 other companies.\nII. LEGAL ASSESSMENT\nA. APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE 85 (1)\n6. The agreements notified by Amersham have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market. However, the prohibition in Article 85 (1) may be declared inapplicable in the present case in accordance with Article 85 (3).\n7. The agreements setting up the joint venture fall within the ambit of Article 85 (1) because they limit competition between Amersham and Buchler. Before 1971, they had been competitors although not over the entirety of their respective product lines. Amersham produced a wide variety of radioactive products including radiopharmaceuticals, clinical reagents, radiochemicals and radiation sources derived from nuclear reactors or the company's own cyclotron.\nOnly part of Buchler's turnover, on the other hand, was attributable to the production of radioactive materials, and that part consisted mainly of radioactive sources derived from naturally-occurring radioactive materials such as radium. The overlap therefore concerned only one out of four sectors of Amersham's activity, namely the radiation sources.\n8. As regards potential competition, Buchler was not able to expand into the product lines manufactured by Amersham. Buchler's radioactive source, plant and equipment were largely outdated and Buchler lacked the financial resources necessary to modernize this part of its operations. Therefore, as far as Buchler is concerned, the formation of the\njoint venture did not exclude potential competition to a considerable extent. As regards Amersham, the cooperation with Buchler may have reduced its interest in expanding, e.g., into the radiation protection business, but this product is not closely related to Amersham's product lines. The probability of expansion into this field was therefore not very high.\n9. Accordingly, the restrictive effect on competition of the joint venture, while appreciable, is not of great severity.\n10. The agreements affect trade between Member States since they were concluded between a British and a German company and concern a considerable amount of exports from the UK to Germany. Before the creation of the joint venture, i.e. in fiscal year 1969/70, Amersham's sales to Germany amounted to \u00c2\u0141 409 000. In 1980/81, its sales to Germany had risen to \u00c2\u0141 3;1 million or 6;7 % of the market.\nB. APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE 85 (3)\n11. The agreements fulfil the requirements laid down in Article 85 (3).\nFor the reasons given in this paragraph and in paragraph 13, the joint venture contributes to improving the production and distribution of goods since it enables Amersham to produce and market a much greater variety of products in Germany than before. Radioactive products require a high level of know-how in manufacture and marketing. They are perishable products having a limited useful life of a few days or weeks only. Most of them cannot be stockpiled so that a rapid and efficient system of accepting and executing orders has to be established. Moreover, the products have to fulfil stringent national and international requirements as regards packaging, labelling, transport and storage. Finally, the customers expect the producer to take back their radioactive waste and to dispose of it safely. Because of these factors, Amersham could no longer rely on a simple distributor since such a distributor could not be expected to provide all the necessary services and to invest considerable sums in the waste disposal service. The formation of the joint venture solved these problems and permitted Amersham a better market penetration with an increased number of products being marketed in Germany.\n12. It is to be expected that the consumer receives a fair share of the resulting benefit since the competitive pressure - increased by Amersham's improved market penetration - will ensure that at least part of the resulting profits are transferred to the consumer. Amersham Buchler's market share of about 18 % of the German market does not enable it to prevent a transfer of the profits to the consumer, especially since it is in competition with very powerful companies such as . . . . . . and others with market shares of 13;5 %, 11;5 % and 11;3 % respectively.\n13. The restrictions on competition resulting from the setting-up of the joint venture are indispensable to the attainment of the objectives described in paragraphs 11 and 12 above.\nUntil the time when the agreements were made, Amersham had been essentially a government agency rather than a commercial enterprise. The joint venture allowed Amersham to enter the German market more quickly and effectively and at a lower cost than would have been the case had it established a subsidiary on its own. Buchler had been Amersham's distributor in Germany since 1960 and had obtained all Amersham's German customers for it. It would have been expensive (perhaps involving substantial compensation) for Amersham to end its relationship with Buchler and set up a subsidiary to form its own links with German buyers. Buchler contributed an etablished sales force, production facilities and a good knowledge of the German market. It had long-established contacts with customers such as hospitals, industry and researchers and was fully informed about their individual technical needs: in this industry products must be suited to the needs of particular buyers. Moreover, Buchler was familiar with the stringent requirements of German law concerning storage and handling of radioactive products. It would have been difficult and costly for Amersham to meet these requirements and to establish a sales force and production facilities comparable to those of Buchler. The intended improvement of production and distribution could thus not have been achieved otherwise. In this case, the non-competition clause does not add to the normal non-competition effect implicit in a joint venture of this kind. It ensures that Amersham and Buchler do not jeopardize the functioning of the joint venture or the amortization of its investments. On the other hand, the parties are not prevented from expanding into each other's product lines not covered by the agreements; Amersham is for example, free to start the production of radiation protection equipment.\n14. The agreements do not afford the parties the possibility of eliminating competition in respect of a substantial part of the products in question. Their market share on the German market is about 18 % and they face competition from a number of other powerful companies (see point 12 above). By way of comparison, the total assets (in 1981) of . . . . . . , one of Amersham Buchler's strongest competitors, amounted to $ 2 063 million, whereas Amersham Buchler's total assets amounted to . . . . . . , Amersham's to $ 87;6 million and Buchler's to $ 17;5 million. In view of the large resources available to its competitors, Amersham Buchler is not able to eliminate competition in this field.\nIn all these circumstances the objective benefits of the agreement outweigh its relatively limited impact on competition.\nC. ARTICLES 6 AND 8 OF REGULATION NO 17\n15. In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation 17, this Decision is to take effect as from the date of notification, i.e., as from 21 December 1981.\n16. In view of the relatively balanced market situation and the rather limited impact of the joint venture's foundation on the competitive conditions in the common market, it is justified to grant the exemption for a period of 15 years (Article 8 (1) of Regulation No 17).\n17. In order to enable the Commission to ascertain that the conditions for the application of Article 85 (3) continue to be fulfilled during the period of exemption, the parties must be required to inform the Commission of any material amendment to the agreements notified, of the conclusion of any new agreement between them and of any extension of their cooperation (Article 8 (1) of Regulation No 17),\nPursuant to Article 85 (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, the provisions of Article 85 (1) are hereby declared inapplicable for the period 21 December 1981 to 20 December 1996 to the following agreements:\n1. Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 29 November 1974;\n2. Company Contract of Amersham Buchler GmbH of 18 December 1972;\n3. Agreements comprised in a contract concerning know-how and expertise concluded between The Radiochemical Centre Ltd, The Radiochemical Centre GmbH, Buchler & Co. KG and Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 20 December 1978; and\n4. Exclusive distributorship agreement between the Radiochemical Centre Ltd and Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG of 20 December 1978.\nThe undertakings to which this Decision is addressed shall inform the Commission without delay of any material amendment or addition to the agreements notified, of the conclusion of any new agreement between them, and of any extension of the cooperation between them.\nThis Decision is addressed to the following undertakings:\n1. Amersham International Ltd,\nWhite Lion Road,\nUK-Amersham\nBuckinghamshire HP7 9LL;\n2. The Radiochemical Centre GmbH,\nGieselweg 1,\nD-3300 Braunschweig;\n3. Buchler GmbH,\nHarxbuetteler Strasse 3,\nD-3300 Braunschweig; 4. Amersham Buchler GmbH,\nGieselweg 1,\nD-3300 Braunschweig;\n5. Amersham Buchler GmbH & Co. KG,\nGieselweg 1,\nD-3300 Braunschweig", "answer groups": ["inter-company agreement", "contract", "radioactivity", "exclusive distribution agreement", "marketing", "joint venture"], "distractor groups": ["UN Institute for Disarmament Research", "non-profit organisation", "law relating to prisons", "direct selling", "combustion gases", "audiovisual programme", "oil pipeline", "finance act", "marine life"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a0811/2007 of 11 July 2007 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a0917/2004 on detailed rules to implement Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0797/2004 on improving general conditions for the production and marketing of apiculture products\n12.7.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 182/5\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 811/2007\nof 11 July 2007\namending Regulation (EC) No 917/2004 on detailed rules to implement Council Regulation (EC) No 797/2004 on improving general conditions for the production and marketing of apiculture products\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 797/2004 of 26 April 2004 on improving general conditions for the production and marketing of apiculture products\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) To avoid any risk of ambiguity, Article 2(3) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 917/2004\u00a0(2) should clearly lay down that measures in apiculture programmes must be implemented before the end of the year to which they relate.\n(2) The possibility of amending the financial limits for each measure in an apiculture programme during a year without such amendment needing to be approved in accordance with the procedure at Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 797/2004 is currently restricted to a maximum of 20\u00a0% of those financial limits.\n(3) This limit of 20\u00a0% has proved administratively too restrictive for both the Member States and the Commission. It should therefore be abolished.\n(4) To achieve simplification, the adjustment of measures in the apiculture programmes during a year should be made more flexible; the limits on a new budgetary allocation by type of measure within the budget allocated to each Member State should therefore be abolished.\n(5) There should be provision for adjustments to the measures in the apiculture programmes to be notified to the Commission where certain measures were not notified in the three-year programme forwarded initially.\n(6) Regulation (EC) No 917/2004 should be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Poultrymeat and Eggs,\nRegulation (EC) No 917/2004 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 2 is amended as follows:\n(a) in paragraph 1, the second subparagraph is deleted;\n(b) in paragraph 3, the first sentence is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 6 is replaced by the following:\n3. Article 7 is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["production improvement", "EU law - national law", "apiculture", "marketing"], "distractor groups": ["industrial infrastructure", "digital archiving", "defoliation", "liqueur", "Joint Research Centre", "water pollution", "tax on oils and fats", "means of public conveyance", "trade relations", "British Antarctic Territory", "allocation of resources"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "94/367/CFSP: Council Decision of 14 June 1994 on the continuation of the joint action adopted by the Council on the basis of Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union on the inaugural conference on the Stability Pact\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 14 June 1994 on the continuation of the joint action adopted by the Council on the basis of Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union on the inaugural conference on the Stability Pact (94/367/CFSP)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Articles J.3 and J.11 thereof,\nHaving regard to the conclusions of the European Council meetings on 21 and 22 June 1993, on 29 October 1993 and on 10 and 11 December 1993,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 93/728/CFSP of 20 December 1993 (1),\nThe joint action agreed on by the abovementioned Council Decision shall be continued with a view to the conclusion of the Stability Pact.\nThe action shall be conducted in accordance with the concluding documents adopted by the inaugural conference on the Stability Pact in Paris on 27 May 1994, as annexed hereto.\nThe Council requests the Commission to direct its activity towards attainment of the objectives of the joint action by means of appropriate economic measures, in the framework of the implementation of Community programmes.\nExpenditure relating to the organization of meetings convened by the Union in the context of the Conference on Stability away from the seats of the institutions shall constitute administrative expenditure in so far as such expenditure exceeds the costs usually borne by host countries. Regular reports shall be submitted to the Council on financial arrangements in connection with follow-up to the Conference.\nThe Council shall examine the progress made in achieving the objective of the joint action in due course and at the latest in a year's time.\nThis Decision shall enter into force as of today's date.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal", "answer groups": ["democratisation", "regional cooperation", "peacekeeping", "international negotiations", "joint action", "European security"], "distractor groups": ["education of foreigners", "malt", "sorghum", "free movement of persons", "vehicle", "energy conversion", "political responsibility", "video surveillance", "Euratom loan"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EU) No 732/2014 of 3 July 2014 amending Regulations (EC) No 754/2009 and (EU) No 43/2014 as regards certain fishing opportunities\n4.7.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 197/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 732/2014\nof 3 July 2014\namending Regulations (EC) No 754/2009 and (EU) No 43/2014 as regards certain fishing opportunities\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 43(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the European Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community on the one hand, and the Government of Denmark and the Home Rule Government of Greenland, on the other hand\u00a0(1), and the Protocol thereto\u00a0(2), provide that the Union is to receive 7,7 % of the total available catch (TAC) for capelin to be fished in Greenland waters of ICES subareas V and XIV.\n(2) Council Regulation (EU) No 43/2014\u00a0(3) fixed a Union quota of 0 tonnes for 2014 for the stock of capelin in Greenland waters of ICES subareas V and XIV, to be applied until 30 April 2014.\n(3) On 16 June 2014 the Union received information from the Greenland authorities that the TAC for capelin, which includes Greenland waters of ICES subareas V and XIV, had been predicted at 450\u00a0000 tonnes for the fishing season 2014/2015 with an initial quota of 225\u00a0000 tonnes. The relevant Union quota for that fishing season should therefore be fixed.\n(4) It is necessary to correct the TAC established for the stock of redfish in international waters of I and II and the TAC established for Greenland halibut in Greenland waters of ICES subareas V and XIV. It is also necessary to correct two TACs for mackerel, in order to include the mutual access arrangements between the Union and the Faroe Islands. Furthermore, the area where Faroese vessels may obtain fishing authorisations for mackerel fishing should be modified accordingly.\n(5) At its 8th Regular Session, the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) adopted a prohibition to retain on board, tranship, store or land oceanic whitetip sharks (Carcharhinus longimanus). At its 9th Regular Session, WCPFC adopted a similar prohibition for silky sharks (Carcharhinus falciformis). Both prohibitions should be implemented in the law of the Union. In accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 847/96\u00a0(4), the stocks that are subject to the various measures referred to therein should be identified.\n(6) The United Kingdom provided information on cod catches by two groups of vessels, both targeting Norway lobster and using a regulated gear of mesh size 80-100 mm. The first group fishes in the Firth of Forth, i.e. ICES statistical sub-rectangles 41E7 and 41E6. The second group fishes in the Firth of Clyde, i.e. ICES statistical rectangles 39E5, 39E4, 40E3, 40E4 and 40E5. The latter group constitutes an enlargement of the existing exclusion in the Firth of Clyde from the cod plan fishing effort regime laid down in Chapter III of Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01342/2008\u00a0(5), in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 754/2009\u00a0(6). On the basis of the information provided by the United Kingdom, as assessed by the Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, it can be established that the cod catches, including discards, of the vessels mentioned above did not exceed 1,5 % of the total catches of cod in each of the two groups of vessels during the 2013 management period. Moreover, having regard to the measures in place ensuring the monitoring and control of the fishing activities of those two groups of vessels and considering that the inclusion of those two groups would constitute an administrative burden disproportionate to its overall impact on cod stocks, it is appropriate to exclude both groups of vessels from the application of the fishing effort regime laid down in Chapter III of Regulation (EC) No 1342/2008.\n(7) The catch limits and fishing effort limits provided for in Regulation (EU) No 43/2014 apply respectively from 1\u00a0January 2014 and 1 February 2014. The provisions of this Regulation concerning catch limits and fishing effort should therefore in principle also apply from those dates. Such retroactive application is without prejudice to the principles of legal certainty and protection of legitimate expectations as the fishing opportunities concerned have not yet been exhausted. However, the prohibition to fish silky sharks in the WCPFC Convention Area becomes effective on 1 July 2014 and should apply from that date. Similarly, the TAC for capelin in Greenland waters of ICES subareas V and XIV should apply as of the start of the fishing season, i.e. as of 20 June 2014. Since the modification of some catch limits has an influence on the economic activities and the planning of the fishing season of Union vessels, this Regulation should enter into force immediately after its publication.\n(8) Regulations (EU) No 43/2014 and (EC) No 754/2009 should therefore be amended accordingly,\nAmendments to Regulation (EU) No 43/2014\nRegulation (EU) No 43/2014 is amended as follows:\n(1) the following Article is inserted:\n(2) The following Article is inserted:\n(3) Annex IA to Regulation (EU) No 43/2014 is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Regulation.\n(4) Annex IB to Regulation (EU) No 43/2014 is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Regulation.\n(5) Annex IIA to Regulation (EU) No 43/2014 is amended in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation.\n(6) Annex VIII to Regulation (EU) No 43/2014 is replaced by the text appearing in Annex IV to this Regulation.\nAmendments to Regulation (EC) No 754/2009\nof Regulation (EC) No 754/2009 is amended as follows:\n(a) point (d) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(d) the group of vessels flying the flag of the United Kingdom indicated in the request from the United Kingdom of 18 June 2009 and the subsequent request of 8 April 2014, targeting Norway Lobster using a regulated gear comprising an 80-100 mm mesh trawl in the Firth of Clyde (ICES statistical rectangles 39E5\u00a039E4, 40E3, 40E4 and 40E5);\u2019;\n(b) the following point is added:\n\u2018(m) the group of vessels flying the flag of the United Kingdom indicated in the request from the United Kingdom of 8 April 2014, targeting Norway lobster using a regulated gear comprising an 80-100 mm mesh trawl in the Firth of Forth (ICES statistical rectangles 41E7 and 41E6).\u2019.\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nPoint (2) of Article 1 shall apply from 1 July 2014.\nPoints (3) and (6) of Article 1 and point (c) of Annex II shall apply from 1 January 2014.\nPoint (5) of Article 1 and Article 2 shall apply from 1 February 2014.\nPoint (a) of Annex II shall apply from 20 June 2014.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["EU waters", "sea fishing", "authorised catch", "international waters", "fishery management", "sea fish", "catch by species", "catch area", "fishing controls"], "distractor groups": ["heat pump", "cork", "ship's passport", "Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries", "furniture industry", "tropical fruit"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision of 22 January 2001 on the establishment of the Military Staff of the European Union\nCouncil Decision\nof 22 January 2001\non the establishment of the Military Staff of the European Union\n(2001/80/CFSP)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, in particular Article 28(1) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, in particular Article 207(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) In the framework of the strengthening of the common foreign and security policy (CFSP) and in particular of the common European policy on security and defence provided for in Article 17 of the Treaty on European Union, the European Council meeting in Nice on 7-11 December 2000 reached agreement on the establishment of the Military Staff of the European Union, setting out its mission and functions.\n(2) Following the guidelines of the European Council the Military Staff should be made ready to start its work,\n1. Military personnel will be seconded from Member States to the General Secretariat of the Council in order to form the Military Staff of the European Union (EUMS).\n2. The Military Staff will be part of the General Secretariat of the Council.\nThe mission and functions of the Military Staff are defined in Annex V of the Presidency's report approved by the Nice European Council, which is reproduced in the Annex to this Decision.\nAll members of the Military Staff shall be nationals of Member States of the European Union.\n1. Members of the Military Staff shall be subject to rules which will be established in a Council Decision.\n2. Until the entry into force of the Decision mentioned in paragraph 1, Council Decision 2000/178/CFSP of 28 February 2000 on the rules applicable to national experts in the military field on secondment to the General Secretariat of the Council during the interim period(1) shall remain in force.\nThis Decision shall take effect from the date of its adoption.\nIt shall apply as from a date established by the SG/HR upon consultation of the PSC and of the iMB/Military Committee and in principle before the end of June 2001.\nUntil the date of application of this Decision, the Director General of the Military Staff (DGEUMS), who will take up its functions as from 1 March 2001(2), shall act as head of the military experts seconded from Member States to the Council Secretariat(3).\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal", "answer groups": ["EU Military Staff", "operation of the Institutions"], "distractor groups": ["UN-Habitat", "integration into employment", "production technique", "driving licence", "\u00d6rebro county", "Food and Veterinary Office", "international law - national law", "international tariff", "chlorine", "monkey", "European System of Central Banks", "regional aid", "stock"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 2382/2002 of 30 December 2002 amending Regulation (EEC) No 94/92 laying down detailed rules for implementing the arrangements for imports from third countries provided for in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 2382/2002\nof 30 December 2002\namending Regulation (EEC) No 94/92 laying down detailed rules for implementing the arrangements for imports from third countries provided for in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 of 24 June 1991 on organic production of agricultural products and indications referring thereto on agricultural products and foodstuffs(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 473/2002(2), and in particular Article 11(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) The list of third countries from which certain agricultural products obtained by the organic production method must originate in order to be marketed within the Community, provided for in Article 11(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91, is set out in the Annex to Commission Regulation (EEC) No 94/92(3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1162/2002(4). That list was drawn up in accordance with Article 11(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91.\n(2) The duration of inclusion of Switzerland in the list provided for in Article 11(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91 expires on 31 December 2002. The duration of inclusion of Argentina, Australia, Czech Republic, Hungary and Israel expires on 30 June 2003. In order to avoid trade disruption, there is a need to prolong the inclusion of these countries for a further period.\n(3) The third countries concerned have provided the Commission with appropriate information regarding the implementation of rules equivalent to those laid down in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91. In addition, the effective implementation has been verified during on-the-spot examinations in those third countries carried out by the Commission.\n(4) The Hungarian authorities have informed the Commission that one inspection and certificate issuing body has ceased its activity in Hungary. Therefore, the name of the said body should be deleted from the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 94/92.\n(5) Regulation (EEC) No 94/92 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee mentioned in Article 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91,\nThe Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 94/92 is amended as set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 2003.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["foodstuff", "mode of production", "access to information", "agricultural product", "organic farming", "import policy", "marketing"], "distractor groups": ["administration headquarters", "prices policy", "marriage of convenience", "pleasure craft", "Organisation of American States", "external border of the EU", "scientific exchange", "parliamentary seat"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2004/442/EC: Council Decision of 26 April 2004 appointing a new member of the Commission of the European Communities\nCouncil Decision\nof 26 April 2004\nappointing a new member of the Commission of the European Communities\n(2004/442/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the second paragraph of Article 215 thereof,\nWhereas:\nOn 17 April 2004 Mr Pedro SOLBES resigned from his post as a member of the Commission. He should be replaced for the remainder of his term of office,\nMr Joaqu\u00edn ALMUNIA AMANN is hereby appointed a member of the Commission for the period from 26 April 2004 to 31 October 2004.\nThis Decision shall take effect on 26 April 2004.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["European Commission", "appointment of staff"], "distractor groups": ["ecological tourism", "civilian personnel", "custody", "conventional weapon", "financial aid", "Andean Parliament", "unification of Germany", "biogas", "publication of a law", "strategic defence", "company member", "secular education", "energy law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EU) No\u00a0681/2013 of 17\u00a0July 2013 amending part III of Annex II to Directive 2009/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the safety of toys Text with EEA relevance\n18.7.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 195/16\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 681/2013\nof 17 July 2013\namending part III of Annex II to Directive 2009/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the safety of toys\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2009/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the safety of toys\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 46(1)(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2009/48/EC sets limit values for barium, based on the recommendations of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) made in the 2008 report entitled \u2018Chemicals in Toys. A general methodology for assessment of chemical safety of toys with a focus on elements\u2019. The RIVM recommendations are based on the conclusion that exposure of children to chemicals in toys may not exceed a certain level, called \u2018tolerable daily intake\u2019. Since children are exposed to chemicals via other sources than toys, only a percentage of the tolerable daily intake should be allocated to toys. The Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE) recommended in its 2004 report that a maximum of 10\u00a0% of the tolerable daily intake may be allocated to toys. This allocation has been endorsed by the Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) in its opinion entitled \u2018Evaluation of the migration limits for chemical elements in toys\u2019 and adopted on 1 July 2010.\n(2) According to the RIVM recommendations, the maximum percentage of the tolerable daily intake should be multiplied by the weight of a child, estimated at 7,5\u00a0kg, and divided by the quantity of toy material ingested, in order to obtain the limit values for the chemical substances listed in Directive 2009/48/EC.\n(3) For barium, RIVM used a tolerable daily intake of 0,6\u00a0mg/kg body weight/day, following the approach of the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in its 2005 report on the toxicological profile for barium, based on animal experiments data. Other barium reviews, based on human data, were considered by RIVM but not used for determining barium\u2019s tolerable daily intake. Although human data are considered as a more appropriate basis for deriving a tolerable daily intake, RIVM considered that the studies providing these data contained important flaws. Therefore animal experiments data, more reliable for deriving a tolerable daily intake, were used.\n(4) In order to define possible exposure scenarios to chemical substances, the quantity of toy material ingested was estimated by the RIVM at 8\u00a0mg per day for scraped-off toy material, 100\u00a0mg for brittle toy material and 400\u00a0mg for liquid or sticky toy material. Those ingestion limits were supported by SCHER in its opinion entitled \u2018Risks from organic CMR substances in toys\u2019 adopted on 18 May 2010.\n(5) By applying 10\u00a0% of the tolerable daily intake, multiplied by the weight of the child and divided by the quantity of toy material ingested, the following limit values for barium were established: 56\u00a0000\u00a0mg/kg for scraped-off material, 4\u00a0500\u00a0mg/kg for dry material and 1\u00a0125\u00a0mg/kg for liquid material.\n(6) The US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry published in 2007 an update of its report on the toxicological profile for barium, where a tolerable daily intake of 0,2\u00a0mg/kg body weight/day is proposed. This update was made available after the finalisation of the RIVM report. Additionally, following discussions with stakeholders, it was considered that the IPCS report from 2001 was not appropriately taken into consideration by RIVM.\n(7) Taking this into account, the Commission sent a request for an opinion to SCHER, asking for an additional evaluation of the migration limits for barium, and recommendations with regard to the tolerable daily intake to be used, in the light of the IPCS and ATSDR (2007) documents.\n(8) In its opinion adopted on 22 March 2012, SCHER concluded that the available data on humans are not appropriate in order to derive a tolerable daily intake. Good quality animal studies are more appropriate for deriving a tolerable daily intake for barium, which, in SCHER\u2019s opinion, should be 0,2\u00a0mg/kg body weight/day.\n(9) This value takes into account the gastrointestinal absorption of barium. SCHER estimates that children aged 1 to 15 have a gastrointestinal absorption of 30\u00a0%, while infants will absorb 60\u00a0%. However, SCHER bases barium\u2019s tolerable daily intake on the \u2018worst case scenario\u2019 assumption according to which children will absorb 100\u00a0% of the barium they are exposed to.\n(10) Applying 10\u00a0% of the new tolerable daily intake multiplied by the weight of the child and divided by the quantity of toy material ingested results in the following limits for barium: 18\u00a0750\u00a0mg/kg for scraped-off material, 1\u00a0500\u00a0mg/kg for dry material and 375\u00a0mg/kg for liquid material.\n(11) In order to ensure the best possible protection of health and life of humans, in particular children, it is necessary to apply those lower migration limits for barium within the shortest possible delay. Therefore, the Directive should be amended by a Regulation which enters into force on 20 July 2013, thus avoiding a longer period of transposition of a Directive during which different migration limits would apply.\n(12) Directive 2009/48/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(13) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Toy Safety Committee,\nPart III of Annex II to Directive 2009/48/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on 20 July 2013.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["marketing standard", "safety standard", "toy industry", "child protection", "toxic substance", "consumer protection", "metals", "technical standard"], "distractor groups": ["communication skills", "urban community", "radiation protection", "Syria", "national unification", "liberalisation of trade", "alternative sentence"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/800/EC: Commission Decision of 23 November 2006 approving the plans for the eradication of classical swine fever in feral pigs and the emergency vaccination of those pigs against that disease in Bulgaria (notified under document number C(2006) 5468) (Text with EEA relevance)\n24.11.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 325/35\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 November 2006\napproving the plans for the eradication of classical swine fever in feral pigs and the emergency vaccination of those pigs against that disease in Bulgaria\n(notified under document number C(2006) 5468)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2006/800/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to the Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, and in particular Article 4(3) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Act of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, and in particular Article 42 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2001/89/EC of 23 October 2001 on Community measures for the control of classical swine fever\u00a0(1), and in particular the second subparagraph of Article 16(1) and the fourth subparagraph of Article 20(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2001/89/EC introduces minimum Community measures for the control of classical swine fever. Those measures include the provision that Member States are to submit to the Commission, following the confirmation of a primary case of classical swine fever in feral pigs, a plan of the measures to eradicate that disease. That Directive also contains provisions concerning the emergency vaccination of feral pigs.\n(2) Classical swine fever is present in feral pigs in Bulgaria.\n(3) Taking into account the accession of Bulgaria, the measures concerning the situation with regard to classical swine fever in that country should be laid down at Community level.\n(4) Bulgaria has put in place a programme to survey and control classical swine fever in the whole territory of that country. That programme is still ongoing.\n(5) Bulgaria also submitted to the Commission for approval on 31 May 2006 a plan for the eradication of classical swine fever in feral pigs and a plan for the emergency vaccination of such pigs in the whole territory of Bulgaria.\n(6) Those plans submitted by Bulgaria have been examined by the Commission and found to comply with Directive 2001/89/EC.\n(7) With a view to the accession of Bulgaria, those plans should be approved as a transitional measure to be applicable from the date of accession and for a period of nine months.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nPlan for the eradication of classical swine fever in feral pigs\nThe plan submitted by Bulgaria to the Commission on 31 May 2006 for the eradication of classical swine fever in feral pigs, in the area as set out in point 1 of the Annex, is approved.\nPlan for the emergency vaccination against classical swine fever of feral pigs\nThe plan submitted by Bulgaria to the Commission on 31 May 2006 for the emergency vaccination against classical swine fever of feral pigs, in the area as set out in point 2 of the Annex, is approved.\nCompliance\nBulgaria shall take the necessary measures to comply with this Decision and publish those measures. It shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.\nApplicability\nThis Decision shall apply only subject to and from the date of entry into force of the Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania.\nIt shall apply for a period of nine months.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["swine", "animal plague", "vaccination", "Bulgaria", "animal life"], "distractor groups": ["retail trade", "production standard", "intermediate goods", "commemoration", "criminal proceedings", "distribution of wealth", "Sliven region", "intervention policy", "right to health", "customs drawback"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/164 of 2 February 2015 on a derogation from the rules of origin set out in Council Decision 2013/755/EU as regards raw cane sugar from Cura\u00e7ao\n3.2.2015 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 27/42\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) 2015/164\nof 2 February 2015\non a derogation from the rules of origin set out in Council Decision 2013/755/EU as regards raw cane sugar from Cura\u00e7ao\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 2013/755/EU of 25 November 2013 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Union (\u2018Overseas Association Decision\u2019)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 16(1)(c) of Annex\u00a0VI thereto,\nWhereas:\n(1) In accordance with of Article 5(1) points (g), (j) and (k) of Annex VI to Decision 2013/755/EU partial or total milling of sugar, sifting and placing in bags are considered to be working or processing operations that are insufficient to confer the status of originating products.\n(2) In 2002 the Netherlands requested a derogation from the rule of origin in respect of sugar products falling within CN codes 1701\u00a011\u00a090, 1701\u00a099\u00a010 and 1701\u00a091\u00a000 processed in the Netherlands Antilles for an annual quantity of 3\u00a0000 tonnes. That request was granted and the derogation ended on 31 December 2007.\n(3) In 2009 the Netherlands submitted a request for extension of the derogation granted in 2002 as well as a request for a new derogation. The request for extension was rejected by Commission Decision 2009/699/EC\u00a0(2), while the request for the new derogation was granted, within the limits of the quantities for which import licences for sugar were allocated to the Netherlands Antilles in 2009 and in 2010.\n(4) In 2010, the Netherlands requested a new derogation in respect of sugar products processed in the Netherlands Antilles for the period from 2011 to 2013. By Commission Decision 2011/47/EU\u00a0(3) the derogation was granted in accordance with paragraphs 1, 3 and 7 of Article 37 of Annex III to Council Decision 2001/822/EC\u00a0(4) and under certain conditions which aimed to balance the legitimate interests of the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) operators with the objectives of the Union's common market organisation for sugar.\n(5) On 11 February 2013 the Netherlands requested on behalf of the government of Cura\u00e7ao a new derogation from the rules of origin set out in Annex III to Decision 2001/822/EC for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2013, the date of expiry of Decision 2001/822/EC. The request covered a total annual quantity of 5\u00a0500 tonnes of sugar products of CN code 1701\u00a014\u00a090, described as \u2018bio-sugar\u2019, originating in third countries and processed in Cura\u00e7ao for export to the Union. This request was officially withdrawn by the Netherlands on 17 April 2013 because the processing activities described in the request were no longer carried out in the Netherlands Antilles. On 17 April 2013, the Netherlands submitted a second request for derogation for 5\u00a0000 tonnes of sugar products, described as organic raw cane sugar of CN code 1701\u00a014\u00a090, for the period from 1 January to\u00a031\u00a0December 2013. This request was rejected by Commission Implementing Decision 2013/460/EU\u00a0(5).\n(6) On 23 June 2014, the government of Cura\u00e7ao submitted a request for derogation for 7\u00a0000 tonnes, yearly, of sugar products described as organic raw cane sugar, conventional raw cane sugar of CN code 1701\u00a013 and sugar mixtures of CN code 1701\u00a099, 1806\u00a010 and 2106\u00a090 for the period from 1 January 2014 to 1 January 2018. On 1 September 2014 the government of Cura\u00e7ao submitted additional information relating to its request, indicating, inter alia, that the derogation was requested for the period from 1 October 2014 to 1 January 2020.\n(7) Cura\u00e7ao has explained that as of 1 January 2014 the industry has ceased its sugar processing activities, given that Decision 2013/755/EU does not offer the possibility to export to the Union duty-free as the processing activities of the industry are deemed insufficient to confer the status of originating products. However, the industry stands ready to invest in processing, packaging and wholesale of dry organic products for export in the region once it has generated the necessary profit to finance these investments. The goal is to start with these new activities in the second half of 2015. As a result of these new activities, the industry expects to increase the number of employees.\n(8) According to the information received from Cura\u00e7ao, at current market prices, a net profit after tax of EUR 25,42 per tonne can be earned from exporting to the Union 2\u00a0000 tonnes of third country organic sugar milled in Cura\u00e7ao, provided that the sugar can be imported under preferential treatment as sugar originating in Cura\u00e7ao.\n(9) The production costs of cane sugar in Brazil, including the administrative costs, are EUR 294 per tonne of raw cane sugar. It appears unlikely that the costs for cleaning, milling and packing of organic cane sugar in Cura\u00e7ao, as transmitted to the Commission, would be higher than EUR 294 per tonne, even when adding transportation costs to the EU. Instead, these costs have to be considered to contain other overhead components and gains. To ensure a sustainable economic activity, the production costs in Cura\u00e7ao, where only simple processing is performed, including transportation costs to the Union should be lower or equal to the cost for farming and processing of cane sugar in Brazil. Therefore, when considering EUR 294 per tonne as a realistic cost for cleaning, milling, packing of organic raw cane sugar in Cura\u00e7ao and transport to the EU, a profit after tax of EUR 192 per tonne can be earned. Generating a profit of only EUR 25,42 per tonne for cane sugar obtained after milling of third country sugar in Cura\u00e7ao, while granting duty-free access in the Union and exempting payment of EUR 419 import duties per tonne for third country sugar, is considered disproportionate.\n(10) The derogation is requested for 7\u00a0000 tonnes of sugar products, described as organic cane sugar, conventional cane sugar and mixtures of sugar. However, the request does not mention the price of the pectin, caseinate, powdered milk and cacao powder used in the production of these sugar mixtures necessary to calculate the profit that can be earned. The derogation should therefore be granted only for raw organic cane sugar and raw conventional cane sugar.\n(11) Cura\u00e7ao explains that the derogation would allow the industry to restart its activities and reactivate employment contributing to the export activities while generating foreign exchange. The industry also contributes to government income by fulfilling its tax obligations.\n(12) During the period from 2009 to 2013 Cura\u00e7ao benefitted from derogations granted under Decision 2001/822/EC, helping to generate the necessary turnover to invest in diversification towards the production of products not requiring derogation from the rules of origin. According to the information received, investments were very low in 2009, and no investments at all were made between 2010 and 2012. These derogations, therefore, have only helped to maintain the milling and packing operations without contributing sustainably to the development of an existing industry or the creation of a new one. It is therefore necessary to verify at the end of the validity of the derogation whether the profit generated by the derogation has effectively been invested in new machinery for production of dry organic products and to which extent it has contributed to the creation of new employment. Therefore, the government of Cura\u00e7ao should submit certified evidence of the investments being made and employment figures to the Union for verification.\n(13) The Commission considers a net profit after tax of EUR 192 per tonne as a realistic profit for cleaning, milling and packing of organic raw cane sugar in Cura\u00e7ao. It should therefore be possible to finance the envisaged investments of EUR 300\u00a0000, as communicated by the government of Cura\u00e7ao, through production of 1\u00a0560\u00a0tonnes of raw cane sugar. The derogation should thus be granted for a quantity of 780 tonnes for the period from 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2016 and 780 tonnes for the period from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017.\n(14) By letter of 21 November 2014, the Commission requested Cura\u00e7ao to take note of the Commission's assessment of the request and to share its views. The deadline for reply was set at 3 December 2014. A reply was received from Cura\u00e7ao on 3 December 2014.\n(15) Subject to those conditions, the derogation is not such as to cause serious injury to an economic sector or an established industry in the Union.\n(16) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93\u00a0(6) lays down rules for the management of tariff quotas. Those rules should be applied to the management of the quantity in respect of which the derogation in question is granted.\n(17) The Customs Code Committee has not issued an opinion within the time limit set by its Chairman,\nBy way of derogation from Annex VI to Decision 2013/755/EU, raw cane sugar, falling within CN code ex\u00a01701\u00a013, which has been obtained from milling non-originating raw cane sugar in Cura\u00e7ao shall be regarded as originating in Cura\u00e7ao in accordance with the terms set out in Articles 2 to 5 of this Decision.\nThe derogation provided for in Article 1 shall apply to the quantities set out in the Annex which are imported into the Union from Cura\u00e7ao during the period from 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2017.\nArticles 308a, 308b and 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 relating to the management of tariff quotas shall apply to the management of the quantity referred to in the Annex hereto.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The customs authorities of Cura\u00e7ao shall take the necessary measures to carry out quantitative checks on exports of the products referred to in Article 1.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before the end of the month following each quarter, the competent authorities of Cura\u00e7ao shall forward to the Commission a quarterly statement of the quantities in respect of which movement certificates EUR.1 have been issued pursuant to this Decision and the serial numbers of those certificates.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Movement certificates EUR.1 issued under this Decision shall contain one of the following entries:\n\u2014 \u2018Derogation \u2014 [Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/164]\u2019,\n\u2014 \u2018D\u00e9rogation \u2014 [D\u00e9cision d'ex\u00e9cution (UE) 2015/164 de la Commission]\u2019.\nBefore 1 October 2016, the government of Curacao shall send to the Commission evidence showing that the profit generated by the industry through the derogation is effectively used for investment in new machinery for production of dry organic products and effectively contributes to the creation of new employment.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["tariff quota", "Cura\u00e7ao", "cane sugar", "development aid", "raw sugar", "organic product", "import (EU)", "originating product", "derogation from EU law", "sugar industry"], "distractor groups": ["international meeting", "African organisation", "exclusive distribution agreement", "VAT", "price of energy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2008/823/EC: Commission Decision of 22 October 2008 amending Decision 95/319/EC setting up a Committee of Senior Labour Inspectors (Text with EEA relevance)\n30.10.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 288/5\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 22 October 2008\namending Decision 95/319/EC setting up a Committee of Senior Labour Inspectors\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2008/823/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Decision 95/319/EC\u00a0(1) the Commission set up a Committee of Senior Labour Inspectors, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the Committee\u2019.\n(2) Recent enlargements of the European Union have effectively doubled the size of the Committee. The plenary meetings now comprise 54 Committee members. In the event of new enlargements this number will increase still further.\n(3) To enable the Committee to fulfil its tasks and allow the members of the Committee to engage in a practical, interactive exchange of experience and opinion, which is not feasible with such a large Committee, the number of members per Member State should be reduced from two to one. The Member States should be able to appoint an alternate member to attend meetings where the full member cannot be present.\n(4) To guarantee the quality of the Committee's work, nominees for membership should be the senior representatives of the national labour inspection services with a mandate to carry out the tasks of the Committee.\n(5) Provision should be made for each member or alternate member to be able to be accompanied by an expert at Committee meetings. For practical reasons relating to meeting organisation, notification of such experts' attendance should be given at least one month before the Committee meeting concerned.\n(6) To facilitate the way working groups operate, it should be possible for them to be chaired by an expert from a national labour inspection service who is not a member of the Committee.\n(7) Specific categories of observers should be able to attend Committee meetings.\n(8) The Committee should adopt rules of procedure laying down the practical arrangements for its work.\n(9) Decision 95/319/EC should be amended accordingly.\n(10) This Decision should take effect on 1 January 2010, the date on which a new term of office starts for members of the Committee,\nDecision 95/319/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Article 5 is amended as follows:\n(a) paragraphs 1 and 2 are replaced by the following:\n(b) paragraph 5 is deleted;\n2. Article 8 is replaced by the following:\n3. in Article 9, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\n4. the following Article 9a is inserted:\n5. in Article 10, the following paragraph 3 is added:\n(a) a representative of the labour inspection service of each EEA/EFTA state;\n(b) the Director of the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work;\n(c) a representative of the International Labour Organisation.\u2019;\n6. the following Article 11a is inserted:\n7. in Article 12, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:\nThis Decision shall take effect on 1 January 2010", "answer groups": ["administrative cooperation", "labour inspectorate", "European social policy", "occupational safety", "application of EU law", "committee (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["product life", "music", "civil proceedings", "marine mammal", "real estate business", "trade information", "bird", "horsemeat", "collective interest"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 1149/2002 of 27 June 2002 opening an autonomous quota for imports of high-quality beef\nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 1149/2002\nof 27 June 2002\nopening an autonomous quota for imports of high-quality beef\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 133 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) In view of the Community's interest in developing harmonious trade relations with third countries, provision should be made for opening, as an autonomous measure, a Community import tariff quota of 1000 tonnes of high-quality fresh, chilled or frozen beef.\n(2) In spite of the difficulties experienced in 2001, the beef market is now on the way to becoming more stable. Demand of consumers in the Community is increasing, especially for high-quality beef. An additional reduced-tariff-quota for high-quality beef would satisfy at the same time the consumer interests as well as supplier interests. It would not have a significant impact on the total volume of beef imports into the Community.\n(3) All operators concerned in the Community should be offered equal and continuous access to that quota. It is also necessary to insure appropriate monitoring. To this end, the utilisation of the quota should be based on the presentation of a certificate of authenticity guaranteeing the type and origin of the products.\n(4) Under Article 32 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in beef and veal(1), tariff quotas for the products covered by this Regulation are to be administered by the Commission in accordance with detailed rules adopted under the procedure laid down in Article 43 of the said Regulation,\n1. An annual Community import tariff quota of 1000 tonnes, expressed in product weight, of high-quality fresh, chilled or frozen beef falling within positions 0201 30 00 and 0202 30 90 of the Common Customs Tariff is opened.\n2. The applicable duty for the quota shall be 20 % ad valorem.\n3. The quota year shall run from 1 July to 30 June.\nDetailed rules for the application of this Regulation, adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 43 of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999, shall include provisions making the utilisation of the quota referred to in Article 1 subject to the presentation of a certificate of authenticity guaranteeing the type and origin of the products.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["certificate of origin", "tariff quota", "beef", "CCT duties", "import"], "distractor groups": ["programmes industry", "trade intermediary", "administrative powers", "health certificate", "coal mining", "Community preference", "glass", "European voluntary service", "EP delegation", "Economic Community of West African States"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01117/2008 of 11\u00a0November 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01973/2004 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01782/2003 as regards the support schemes provided for in Titles IV and IVa of that Regulation and the use of land set aside for the production of raw materials\n12.11.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 301/5\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1117/2008\nof 11 November 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1973/2004 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 as regards the support schemes provided for in Titles IV and IVa of that Regulation and the use of land set aside for the production of raw materials\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 of 29 September 2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers and amending Regulations (EEC) No 2019/93, (EC) No 1452/2001, (EC) No 1453/2001, (EC) No 1454/2001, (EC) No 1868/94, (EC) No 1251/1999, (EC) No 1254/1999, (EC) No 1673/2000, (EEC) No 2358/71 and (EC) No 2529/2001\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 110b(2) and Article 145(r) second indent thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 as amended by Regulation (EC) No 637/2008\u00a0(2) sets out the rules for the coupled support for cotton in conformity with the Court\u2019s judgement C-310/04.\n(2) In particular, Chapter 10a of Title IV of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 provides for the possibility of direct aid being granted for the production of cotton. It is therefore necessary to adapt the corresponding detailed rules laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1973/2004\u00a0(3).\n(3) Article 110b(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 states that, in order to be eligible for the aid per hectare, the farmer must sow the area under cotton with approved varieties and grow the cotton on land authorised by the Member States. The criteria should therefore be specified for both the authorisation of land suitable for cotton production and the approval of varieties.\n(4) In order to receive the aid per hectare for cotton, farmers must sow authorised lands. A criterion defining \u2018sowing\u2019 should be established. The Member States\u2019 fixing of the minimum planting density on these lands based on soil and climate conditions and specific regional features must be an objective criterion for establishing whether sowing has been conducted properly or not.\n(5) The Member States should approve inter-branch cotton producing organisations on the basis of objective criteria relating to their scale and internal organisation. The scale of an inter-branch organisation should be fixed, taking into account the requirement on the member ginning undertaking to be able to take delivery of sufficient quantities of unginned cotton.\n(6) In order to avoid complications in managing the aid scheme, a producer may not be a member of more than one inter-branch organisation. For that same reason, where a producer belonging to an inter-branch organisation undertakes to supply the cotton he has produced, he should supply it only to the ginning undertaking belonging to that same organisation.\n(7) The cotton aid scheme requires Member States to send their producers certain information on cotton growing, such as approved varieties, the objective criteria for authorising land and the minimum plant density. In order to inform the farmers in good time, the Member State should send them this information by a specific date.\n(8) Regulation (EC) No 1973/2004 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(9) Since the rules laid down in Chapter 10a of Title IV of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 apply from 1 January 2009, the detailed rules to be established by this Regulation should apply from the same date.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Direct Payments,\nChapter 17a of Regulation (EC) No 1973/2004 is replaced by the following:\n\u2018CHAPTER 17a\nCROP SPECIFIC PAYMENTS FOR COTTON\n71a\nAuthorisation of agricultural land for cotton production\nThe Member States shall establish objective criteria on the basis of which land is authorised for the crop-specific payment for cotton provided for in Article 110a of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003.\nThese criteria shall be based on one or more of the following:\n(a) the agricultural economy of those regions where cotton is a major crop;\n(b) the soil and climate in the areas in question;\n(c) the management of irrigation water;\n(d) rotation systems and cultivation methods likely to respect the environment.\n71aa\nApproval of varieties for sowing\nThe Member States shall approve the varieties registered in the \u201cCommon Catalogue of Varieties of Agricultural Plant Species\u201d that are adapted to market needs.\n71ab\nEligibility requirements\nSowing the areas referred to in Article 110b(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 shall be done by achieving a minimum plant density, to be fixed by the Member State on the basis of the soil and weather conditions and specific regional characteristics, where appropriate.\n71ac\nAgronomic practices\nThe Member States shall be authorised to establish specific rules on the agronomic practices needed to maintain and harvest the crops under normal growing conditions.\n71ad\nApproval of inter-branch organisations\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before 31 December each year, Member States shall approve for the following year any inter-branch cotton-producing organisation that applies to plant cotton and which:\n(a) covers a total area of at least 4\u00a0000 ha as established by the Member State and meeting the authorisation criteria laid down in Article 171a, and which includes at least one ginning undertaking;\n(b) has adopted internal operating rules, in particular on membership conditions and fees, in accordance with national and Community rules and regulations.\nHowever, for 2009, Member States shall approve the inter-branch cotton-producing organisations by 28 February 2009.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where it is found that an approved inter-branch organisation does not respect the criteria for approval provided for in paragraph 1, the Member State shall withdraw the approval unless the non-respect of the criteria concerned is remedied within a reasonable period of time. Where it is planned to withdraw the approval, the Member State shall notify that intention to the inter-branch organisation, together with the reasons for the withdrawal. The Member State shall allow the inter-branch organisation to submit its observations within a specified period. In case of withdrawal, the Member States shall provide for the application of appropriate sanctions.\nFarmers who are members of an approved inter-branch organisation whose approval is withdrawn in accordance with the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall lose their right to the increase of the aid provided for in Article 110e(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003.\n71ae\nThe producers\u2019 obligations\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A producer shall not be a member of more than one inter-branch organisation.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A producer who is a member of an inter-branch organisation shall deliver his cotton to a ginner belonging to that same organisation.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The participation of producers in an approved inter-branch organisation must be the result of voluntary membership.\n71af\nCommunications to the producers\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before January 31 of the year in question, Member States shall notify cotton growers of:\n(a) the approved varieties; however, varieties approved in accordance with Article 171aa after that date must be notified to the growers before 15 March in the same year;\n(b) the criteria for authorising land;\n(c) the minimum cotton plant density referred to in Article 171ab;\n(d) the required agronomic practices.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where approval for a variety is withdrawn, the Member States shall inform the growers no later than 31 January for the purposes of the following year\u2019s sowing season.\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2009.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["fallow", "terms for aid", "approval", "processing industry", "raw material", "land use", "agricultural production", "cotton", "aid system"], "distractor groups": ["right to demonstrate", "electrical engineering", "casual employment", "interest", "Community certification", "interactive videotex"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision 2013/124/CFSP of 11\u00a0March 2013 amending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran\n12.3.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 68/57\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2013/124/CFSP\nof 11 March 2013\namending Decision 2011/235/CFSP concerning restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities in view of the situation in Iran\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 12 April 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/235/CFSP\u00a0(1).\n(2) On the basis of a review of Decision 2011/235/CFSP, the restrictive measures should be renewed until 13 April 2014.\n(3) Furthermore, in view of the gravity of the human rights situation in Iran, additional persons and an additional entity should be included in the list of persons and entities subject to restrictive measures as set out in the Annex to Decision 2011/235/CFSP.\n(4) Decision 2011/235/CFSP should therefore be amended accordingly,\nArticle 6(2) of Decision 2011/235/CFSP is replaced by the following:\n\u20182.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0This Decision shall apply until 13 April 2014. It shall be kept under constant review. It shall be renewed or amended, as appropriate, if the Council deems that its objectives have not been met.\u2019.\nThe persons and the entity listed in the Annex to this Decision shall be added to the list set out in the Annex to Decision 2011/235/CFSP.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its publication", "answer groups": ["Iran", "removal", "economic sanctions", "international sanctions"], "distractor groups": ["management audit", "forces abroad", "alternative agricultural production", "principle of communitisation", "criminal proceedings", "industrial development", "farm development plan", "ACP-EU relationship", "transport of animals", "third country", "Yambol region"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/238/EC: Commission Decision of 9 November 2005 on the measure implemented by France for Mines de potasse d\u2019Alsace (notified under document number C(2005) 4204) (Text with EEA relevance)\n24.3.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 86/20\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 9 November 2005\non the measure implemented by France for Mines de potasse d\u2019Alsace\n(notified under document number C(2005) 4204)\n(Only the French text is authentic)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2006/238/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 88(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 62(1)(a) thereof,\nHaving called on interested parties to submit their comments pursuant to the provisions cited above\u00a0(1) and having regard to their comments,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n(1) In 1994, the Commission approved a EUR 76 million capital injection by the French State for Entreprise mini\u00e8re et chimique (hereinafter EMC), to be transferred by EMC to the company Mines de potasses d\u2019Alsace (MDPA) in the form of a capital increase. In its decision\u00a0(2), the Commission considered the measure to be compatible with the common market since it was intended to offset the extra social costs of retired workers (heating, accommodation, bridging allowance and severance grant) borne by MDPA by virtue of the special legal status of miners\u00a0(3).\n(2) In 1996, the Commission approved\u00a0(4) for the same reasons, three capital injections each of EUR 38 million by the French State for EMC for the years 1995, 1996 and 1997, to be transferred by EMC to MDPA in the form of capital increases.\n(3) On 7 December 1998, the French authorities notified three more capital injections each of EUR 42 million that would be granted in 1998, 1999 and 2000 to EMC and transferred to MDPA. According to the French authorities, these measures were designed to compensate MDPA for certain social and environmental costs incurred as a result of its closure.\n(4) The additional information communicated by France to the Commission on 22 January 1999 revealed that, in addition to the transfer of the aid granted by France, EMC had subscribed to capital increases for MDPA every year since 1995. By letter of 14 March 2000, the French authorities informed the Commission that part of the aid notified in 1998 had already been granted to the firm. In its reply of 10 April 2000, the Commission stated that this aid was to be regarded as unlawful.\n(5) By letter of 10 October 2000, the Commission informed France that it had decided to initiate the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty in respect of the above measures. The decision was published in the Official Journal of the European Communities\n\u00a0(5). The Commission invited interested parties to submit their comments on the aid.\n(6) The Commission received comments from the French authorities on 28 November 2000 and on 21 and 23 March 2001. A meeting between the French authorities and Commission representatives took place on 2 December 2004. France sent information to the Commission by letters dated 8 February 2005 and 23 September 2005.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURES\n2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The recipient\n(7) MDPA had been working a sylvinite deposit in Alsace since 1904 in order to obtain potassium chloride, which is used as a fertiliser or as a raw material for industry. In 1967 France set up EMC\u00a0(6) an industrial/commercial establishment in the public sector, and reorganised MDPA into a Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 anonyme \u00e0 directoire et conseil de surveillance\n\u00a0(7), that was a wholly owned subsidiary of EMC.\n(8) With the deposit being almost worked out, MPDA negotiated in 1996 a social plan for gradually winding down its activity until its complete closure in 2004. In addition to MPDA, EMC then held, directly or through its holding company EMC soci\u00e9t\u00e9 anonyme (EMC SA), interests in a number of companies operating in the chemical, animal food, environmental and waste reprocessing sectors.\n(9) In its decision to initiate the formal investigation procedure, the Commission took the view that MDPA was the only recipient of the measures under examination. This decision concurs with that view. There is no evidence to show that EMC subsidiaries benefited from the aid granted to MDPA. In particular, there is no doubt that all the funds concerned were transferred to MDPA by EMC in the form of capital increases.\n(10) In 2002, a fire brought MDPA's mining activities prematurely to an end. The company's objective was amended to reflect this development: whereas, when it was set up, MDPA's objective was \u2018to work the potassium salt and ancillary salt mines granted to the former public establishment Mines domaniales de potasse d\u2019Alsace\u2019, Article 3, as amended, of its memorandum and articles now states that the company\u2019s objective is \u2018to perform the tasks associated with the closure of the potassium mines in the area to the north of Mulhouse as regards the old workings, installations, annexes and outbuildings\u2019.\n(11) These tasks consist mainly in supporting redeployment of the workforce and in reconverting, making safe and transferring the sites. MDPA will be wound up on completion of those tasks, scheduled for the end of 2009.\n(12) On 1 January 2005, EMC transferred its capital holding in MDPA to the State, free of charge\u00a0(8).\n2.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The aid\n(13) France paid to MDPA the aid notified in 1998 (i.e. EUR 42 million in 1998, in 1999 and in 2000) without awaiting the Commission's decision. This aid is therefore unlawful.\n(14) In order for MDPA to continue its activities until 2004, the date scheduled for closure of the mines, EMC subscribed each year after 1996 to a capital injection for its subsidiary equivalent to the losses incurred by the latter the previous year. Table 1 shows that the amounts thus paid to MDPA are higher than the aid authorised by the Commission in its 1996 decision and the aid notified for the period 1998 to 2000.\nin EUR million 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000\nAid approved by the Commission in its 1996 decision 38 38 38\nAid notified 1998 to 2000 = Measure 1 42 42 42\nResult for MDPA \u201384 \u201395 \u2013\u00a0128 \u2013\u00a0118 \u201396 \u201386\nCapital increase granted to MDPA by EMC 0 84 98 128 117 79\nMeasure 2 0 46 59 86 75 37\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONCLUSION\n(15) The Commission notes that the recipient is now wholly owned by France, that it has definitively ceased all economic activities in the potassium sector and that the mines will not be reopened. The sole rationale for MDPA's continued existence is to carry out the tasks associated with the shutdown of mining activity and, in particular, to adapt the site to safety and environmental protection requirements. This latter responsibility would, in any event, be incumbent on the State if MDPA had folded\u00a0(9). Once these tasks have been carried out, MDPA will be wound up.\n(16) In the case under examination, the activities of MDPA linked to maintaining safety and environmental protection are not of an economic nature that would justify application of the Treaty's competition rules. Consequently, assuming that measures 1 and 2 have benefited MDPA and distorted competition, the Commission concludes that such distortion ended once MDPA ceased its commercial activities and once the mines were closed down. It also notes that MDPA's capital has been transferred to the State free of charge. Under the circumstances, a Commission decision on the classification as aid of the measures in question and on their compatibility would have no practical effect.\n(17) The formal investigation procedure initiated pursuant to Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty thus serves no useful purpose,\nThe formal investigation procedure initiated on 10 October 2000 in respect of Mines de potasse d\u2019Alsace pursuant to Article 88(2) of the Treaty is hereby terminated.\nThis Decision is addressed to the French Republic", "answer groups": ["France", "capital increase", "control of State aid", "mining industry", "State aid", "mining operation"], "distractor groups": ["closing of accounts", "principle of subsidiarity", "disarmament", "direct selling", "motor vehicle industry", "international labour law", "commercial court", "executive competence", "inter-industrial relations"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 216/96 of 5 February 1996 laying down the rules of procedure of the Boards of Appeal of the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs)\n6.2.1996 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 28/11\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No\u00a0216/96\nof 5 February 1996\nlaying down the rules of procedure of the Boards of Appeal of the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a040/94 of 20 December 1994 on the Community trade mark\u00a0(1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No\u00a03288/94\u00a0(2), and in particular Article 140 (3) thereof,\nWhereas Regulation (EC) No\u00a040/94 (hereinafter \u2018the Regulation\u2019) creates a new trade mark system allowing a trade mark having effect throughout the Community to be obtained on the basis of an application to the Office for Harmonizaiton in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs) (\u2018the Office\u2019);\nWhereas for this purpose the Regulation contains in particular the necessary provisions for a procedure leading to the registration of a Community trade marks, as well as for the administration of Community trade marks, for appeals against decisions of the Office and for proceedings in relation to revocation or invalidity of a Community trade mark;\nWhereas under Article 130 of the Regulation, the Boards of Appeal are to be responsible for deciding on appeals from decisions of the examiners, the Opposition Divisions, the Administration of Trade Marks and Legal Division and the Cancellation Divisions;\nWhereas Title VII of the Regulation contains basic principles regarding appeals against decisions of examiners, the Opposition Divisions, the Administration of Trade Marks and Legal Division and the Cancellation Divisions;\nWhereas Title X of Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a02868/95 of 13 December 1995 implementing Council Regulation No\u00a040/94 on the Community Trade Mark\u00a0(3) contains implementing rules to Title VII of the Regulation;\nWhereas this Regulation supplements those other rules, in particular as regards the organization of the Boards and the oral procedure;\nWhereas before the beginning of each working year a scheme should be established for the distribution of business between the Boards of Appeal by an Authority established for that purpose; whereas to this end the said Authority should apply objective criteria such as classes of products and services or initial letters of the names of applicants;\nWhereas to facilitate the handling and disposal of appeals, a rapporteur should be designated for each case, who should be responsible inter alia for preparing communications with the parties and drafting decisions;\nWhereas the parties to proceedings before the Boards of Appeal may not be in a position or may not be willing to bring questions of general relevance to a pending case to the attention of the Boards of Appeal; whereas, therefore, the Boards of Appeal should have the power, of their own motion or pursuant to a request by the President, to invite the President of the Office, to submit comments on questions of general interest in relation to a case pending before the Boards of Appeal;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established under Article 141 of the Regulation,\nAllocation of duties and Authority competent to allocate\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before the beginning of each working year, duties shall be allocated to the Boards of Appeal according to objective criteria, and the members of each of the Boards and their alternates shall be designated. Any member of a Board of Appeal may be designated for several Boards of Appeal as a member or an alternate. These measures may, where necessary, be amended during the working year in question.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The measures referred to in paragraph 1 shall be taken by an Authority composed of the President of the Office as Chairman, the Vice-President of the Office responsible for the Boards of Appeal, the Chairmen of the Boards of Appeal and three other members of the Boards of Appeal elected by the full membership of those Boards, except the Chairmen, for the working year in question. The Authority may validly deliberate only if at least five of its members are present, including the President or the Vice-President of the Office and two Chairmen of Boards of Appeal. Decisions shall be taken by majority vote. In the event of a tie, the vote of the Chairman shall be decisive. The Authority may lay down its internal rules of procedure.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Authority provided for in paragraph 2 shall decide on conflicts regarding the allocation of duties among different Boards of Appeal.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Until more than three Boards of Appeal have been set up, the Authority referred to in paragraph 2 shall consist of the President of the Office, who shall act as Chairman, the Vice-President of the Office responsible for the Boards of Appeal, the Chairman or Chairmen of the Boards of Appeal which have already been set up and one other member of the Boards of Appeal elected by ther full membership of the Board, except the Chairman or Chairmen, for the working year in question. The Authoritiy may validly deliberate only if at least three of its members are present, including the President or the Vice-President of the Office.\nReplacement of members\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Reasons for replacement by alternates shall in particular include leave, sickness, inescapable commitments and the grounds of exclusion set out in Article 132 of the Regulation.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any member asking to be replaced by an alternate shall without delay inform the Chairman of the Board concerned of his unavailability.\nExclusion and objection\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If a Board has knowledge of a possible reason for exclusion or objection under Article 132 (3) of the Regulation which does not originate from a member himself or from any party to the proceedings, the procedure of Article 132 (4) of the Regulation shall be applied.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The member concerned shall be invited to present his comments as to whether there is a reason for exclusion or objection.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before a decision is taken on the action to be taken pursuant to Article 132 (4) of the Regulation, there shall be no further proceedings in the case.\nRapporteurs\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Chairman of each Board shall for each appeal designate a member of his Board, or himself, as rapporteur.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The rapporteur shall carry out a preliminary study of the appeal. He may prepare communications to the parties subject to the direction of the Chairman of the Board. Communications shall be signed by the rapporteur on behalf of the Board.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The rapporteur shall prepare internal meetings of the Board and the oral proceedings.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The rapporteur shall draft decisions.\nRegistries\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Registries shall be established for the Boards of Appeal. Registrars shall be responsible for the discharge of the functions of the Registries. One of the Registrars may be designated Senior Registrar.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Authority provided for in Article 1 (2) may entrust to the Registrars the performance of functions which involve no legal or technical difficulties, particularly with regard to representation, the submission of translations, inspection of files and notifications.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Registrar shall submit to the Chairman of the Board concerned a report on the admissibility of each newly-filed appeal.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Minutes of oral proceedings and of the taking of evidence shall be drawn up by the Registrar or, if the President of the Office has agreed thereto, such other officer of the Office as the Chairman of the Board may designate.\nChange in the composition of a Board\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the composition of a Board is changed after oral proceedings, the parties to the proceedings shall be informed that, at the request of any party, fresh oral proceedings shall be held before the Board in its new composition. Fresh oral proceedings shall also be held if so requested by the new member and if the other members of the Board have given their agreement.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The new member shall be bound to the same extent as the other members by an interim decision which has already been taken.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If, when a Board has already reached a final decision, a member is unable to act, he shall not be replaced by an alternate. If the Chairman is unable to act, then the member of the Board concerned having the longer service on the Board, or where members have the same length of service, the older member, shall sign the decision on behalf of the Chairman.\nJoinder of appeal proceedings\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If several appeals are filed against a decision, those appeals shall be considered in the same proceedings.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If appeals are filed against separate decisions and all the appeals are designated to be examined by one Board having the same composition, that Board may deal with those appeals in joined proceedings with the consent of the parties.\nRemission to the department of first instance\nWhere the proceedings of the department of first instance whose decision is the subject of an appeal are vitiated by fundamental deficiencies, the Board shall set aside the decision and, unless there are reasons for not doing so, remit the case to that instance or decide the matter itself.\nOral proceedings\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If oral proceedings are to take place, the Board shall ensure that the parties have provided all relevant information and documents before the hearing.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Board may, when issuing the summons to attend oral proceedings, add a communication drawing attention to matters which seem to be of special significance, or to the fact that certain questions appear no longer to be contentious, or containing other observations that may help to concentrate on essentials during the oral proceedings.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Board shall ensure that the case is ready for decision at the conclusion of the oral proceedings, unless there are special reasons to the contrary.\n0\nCommunications to the parties\nIf a Board deems it expedient to communicate with the parties regarding a possible appraisal of substantive or legal matters, such communication shall be made in such a way as not to imply that the Board is in any way bound by it.\n1\nComments on questions of general interest\nThe Board may, on its own initiative or at the written, reasoned request of the President of the Office, invite him to comment in writing or orally on questions of general interest which arise in the course of proceedings pending before it. The parties shall be entitled to submit their observations on the President's comments.\n2\nDeliberations preceding decisions\nThe rapporteur shall submit to the other members of the Board a draft of the decision to be taken and shall set a reasonable time-limit within which to oppose it or to ask for changes. The Board shall meet to deliberate on the decision to be taken if it appears that the members of a Board are not all of the same opinion. Only members of the Board shall participate in the deliberations; the Chairman of the Board concerned may, however, authorize other officers such as registrars or interpreters to attend. Deliberations shall be secret.\n3\nOrder of voting\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0During the deliberations between members of a Board, the opinion of the rapporteur shall be heard first, and, if the rapporteur is not the Chairman, the Chairman last.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If voting is necessary, votes shall be taken in the same sequence, save that if the Chairman is also the rapporteur, be shall vote last. Abstentions shall not be permitted.\n4\nEntry into force\nThis Regulation shall enter into force the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["operation of the Institutions", "EU trade mark", "European Union Intellectual Property Office", "administrative procedure", "appeal to an administrative authority"], "distractor groups": ["French Polynesia", "EU restrictive measure", "tariff negotiations", "Federation State", "higher court", "storage of hydrocarbons", "single-family housing", "cable distribution", "Central Slovenia", "benchmarking"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 338/86 of 14 February 1986 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of roller chains for cycles originating in the People' s Republic of China and definitively collecting the provisional anti-dumping duty imposed on those imports\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 338/86\nof 14 February 1986\nimposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of roller chains for cycles originating in the People's Republic of China and definitively collecting the provisional anti-dumping duty imposed on those imports\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the Commission proposal submitted after consultations within the Advisory Committee, as provided for under the abovementioned Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Provisional action\n1. The Commission, by Regulation (EEC) No 2317/85 (2) imposed provisional anti-dumping duties on imports of roller chains for cycles originating in the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China.\nB. Subsequent procedure\n2. Following the imposition of the provisional anti-dumping duty, a Chinese exporter representing a significant percentage of the trade involved requested the extension of the period of validity of the provisional anti-dumping duty for a further period of two months, which was granted by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3521/85 (3).\nC. Dumping\n3. No new evidence on dumping has been submitted by the Chinese exporters since the imposition of the provisional duty. The findings on dumping for the People's Republic of China as set out in Regulation (EEC) No 2317/85 should therefore be confirmed.\nD. Injury\n4. As no fresh evidence regarding injury to the Community industry was received and in particular no evidence was submitted that imports from other non-member countries have been sold at lower prices than those from the People's Republic of China or have been dumped, the findings on injury reached in Regulation (EEC) No 2317/85 should therefore be confirmed.\nE. Community interest\n5. No new evidence has been submitted by Community consumers since the extension of the provisional anti-dumping duty. The findings on Community interest as set out in Regulation 2317/85 should remain, therefore, unchanged.\nF. Undertaking\n6. The Chinese exporters concerned were informed that the main findings of the preliminary investigation had been confirmed. An undertaking was subsequently offered by one of the exporters which the Commission considered would eliminate the injury found and which was, therefore, considered acceptable.\nG. Definitive duty\n7. In the light of the above findings, the amount of the definitive anti-dumping duty for the exports not subject to the abovementioned undertaking should, in principle, be the same as the amount of the provisional anti-dumping duty. However, since the investigation with regard to the USSR exporter and one of the Chinese exporters resulted in the acceptance of a price undertaking and in order to ensure an equitable treatment of imports at different prices it is considered appropriate to impose on the product originating in the People's Republic of China a variable anti-dumping duty based on a minimum price with effect similar to the effect of the ad-valorem duty provisionally imposed. It would be sufficient to eliminate the injury if the amount of the duty corresponded to the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier price, before duty, is less than 0,56 ECU per metre.\nH. Collection of provisional duties\n8. The amounts secured by way of the provisional anti-dumping duty imposed on imports of roller chains for cycles originating in the People's Republic of China should be definitively collected in full.\n1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of 1/2 in \u0102\u0097 1/8 in roller chains for cycles falling within heading No ex 73.29 of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code ex 73.29-11, originating in the People's Republic of China.\n2. The duty shall not apply to 1 / 2 in \u0102\u0097 1 / 8 in roller chains for cycles exported to the Community by China National Light Industrial Products Import and Export Corporation, Beijing.\n3. The duty shall be equal to the amount by which the free-at-Community-frontier net price per metre, before duty, is less than 0,56 ECU.\nThe free-at-Community-frontier prices shall be net prices where the conditions of sale are such that payment is to be made within 30 days from the date of delivery; they shall be increased or reduced by 1 % for each month by which this period is shortened or lengthened.\n4. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThe amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty pursuant to Regulation (EEC) No 2317/85 on imports of roller chains for cycles originating in the People's Republic of China shall be definitively collected.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["China", "dumping", "two-wheeled vehicle", "spare part"], "distractor groups": ["amphibian", "conservatism", "groundnut", "J\u00e4mtland county", "financial situation", "business name", "operation of the Institutions", "taxpayer", "computer assisted manufacturing", "fight against insects", "zinc"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2208/85 of 1 August 1985 re-establishing the levying of customs duties applicable to third countries on certain products originating in Yugoslavia\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2208/85\nof 1 August 1985\nre-establishing the levying of customs duties applicable to third countries on certain products originating in Yugoslavia\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to the Cooperation Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1), and in particular Protocol 1 thereto,\nHaving regard to Article 1 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3219/84 of 6 November 1984 establishing ceilings and Community supervision for imports of certain products originating in Yugoslavia (2);\nWhereas Article 1 of the abovementioned Protocol provides that the products listed below, imported under reduced duty rates according to Article 15 of the Cooperation Agreement are subject to the annual ceiling indicated below, above which the customs duties applicable to third countries may be re-established:\n1.2.3 // // // // CCT heading No // Description // Ceiling // // // // 61.01 // Men's and boys' outer garments: // 350 000 pieces // // B. Other: // // // V. Other: // // // d) Breeches and shorts: // // // 1. Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // 2. Of man-made textile fibres // // // 3. Of cotton // // // e) Trousers: // // // 1. Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // 2. Of man-made fibres // // // 3. Of cotton // // 61.02 // Women's, girls' and infants' outer garments: // // // B. Other: // // // II. Other: // // // e) Other: // // // 6. Trousers and slacks: // // // aa) Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // bb) Of man-made textile fibres // // // cc) Of cotton // // // //\nWhereas imports into the Community of those products originating in Yugoslavia have reached that ceiling; whereas the situation on the Community market requires that customs duties applicable to third countries on the products in question be re-established,\nFrom 5 August to 31 December 1985, the levying of customs duties applicable to third countries shall be re-established on imports into the Community of the following products:\n1.2.3 // // // // CCT heading No // Description // Origin // // // // 61.01 // Men's and boys' outer garments: // Yugoslavia // // B. Other: // // // V. Other: // // // d) Breeches and shorts: // // // 1. Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // 2. Of man-made textile fibres // // // 3. Of cotton // // // e) Trousers: // // // 1. Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // 2. Of man-made fibres // // // 3. Of cotton // // 61.02 // Women's, girls' and infants' outer garments: // // // B. Other: // // // II. Other: // // // e) Other: // // // 6. Trousers and slacks: // // // aa) Of wool or of fine animal hair // // // bb) Of man-made textile fibres // // // cc) Of cotton // // // //\nThe re-establishment shall apply solely to products included in Annex II of Regulation (EEC) No 3219/84 within the sub-ceiling 6 (b) of a volume of 350 000 pieces.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Yugoslavia", "restoration of customs duties", "tariff preference"], "distractor groups": ["Cameroon", "ALADI countries", "agriculture-industry relationship", "public legal official", "European Semester", "energy demand", "European social policy", "freedom to provide services", "lubricants", "sugar product", "teaching curriculum", "publication of a law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2009/301/EC: Commission Decision of 25\u00a0March 2009 setting up a High Level Expert Group on Digital Libraries\n28.3.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 82/9\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 25 March 2009\nsetting up a High Level Expert Group on Digital Libraries\n(2009/301/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 157 of the Treaty establishing the European Community assigned the Community and the Member States the task of ensuring that the conditions necessary for the competitiveness of the Community\u2019s industry exist. Article 151 provides that the Community shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore.\n(2) The Communication from the Commission \u2018i2010 \u2014 A European Information Society for growth and employment\u2019\u00a0(1) announced a flagship initiative on digital libraries.\n(3) The Communication from the Commission \u2018i2010: Digital Libraries\u2019\u00a0(2) announced the creation of a High Level Expert Group on Digital Libraries to advise the Commission on how to best address the organisational, legal and technical challenges at European level.\n(4) That expert group was set up by Commission Decision 2006/178/EC\u00a0(3), which expired on 31 December 2008. In view of further needs, this Decision should allow the group to continue its work in 2009.\n(5) The group should contribute to a shared strategic vision for European digital libraries.\n(6) The group should be composed of highly qualified experts with competence on digital libraries, appointed in a personal capacity.\n(7) In 2009, the group should address copyright and preservation questions relating to digital libraries and access to scientific information. These include, in particular, exceptions and limitations, voluntary agreements for enhancing online accessibility of in copyright content, user generated content, open access to scientific information and access to and preservation of research data.\n(8) The group should also monitor the uptake of solutions presented in previously adopted reports, in particular in the area of orphan and out-of-print works.\n(9) Rules on disclosure of information by members of the group should be provided for, without prejudice to the Commission\u2019s rules on security as set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom\u00a0(4).\n(10) Personal data relating to members of the group should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(5).\n(11) It is appropriate to fix a period for the application of this Decision,\nHigh Level Expert Group on Digital Libraries\nThe group of experts \u2018High Level Expert Group on Digital Libraries\u2019, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019, is hereby set up.\nTask\nThe group\u2019s tasks shall be:\n(a) to advise the Commission on how to best address the organisational, legal and technical challenges at European level;\n(b) to contribute to a shared strategic vision for European digital libraries.\nConsultation\nThe Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to the implementation of the digital libraries initiative.\nMembership \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of up to 20 members.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Director-General of DG \u2018Information Society and Media\u2019 shall appoint the members of the group from specialists with competence in the areas referred to in Articles 2 and 3.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members shall be appointed in a personal capacity as high level experts on digital libraries and shall advise the Commission independently of any outside influence.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall be appointed to ensure, as far as possible, an adequate balance in terms of range of competencies, geographical origin and gender.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Group shall include experts from the following categories:\n\u2014 memory organisations (libraries, archives, museums),\n\u2014 authors, publishers and content providers,\n\u2014 ICT industry (e.g. search engines, technology providers),\n\u2014 scientific and research organisations, academia.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members may not designate an alternate to replace them.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members are appointed for a mandate which ends on 31 December 2009.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members who are no longer capable of contributing effectively to the group\u2019s deliberations, who resign or who do not comply with the conditions set out in paragraph 3 of this Article or in Article 287 of the Treaty may be replaced for the remainder of their term of office.\n9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members shall sign an undertaking to act in the public interest and a declaration indicating the absence or existence of any interest which may undermine their objectivity.\n10.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of members shall be collected, processed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001. The names of members shall be published on the i2010 Digital libraries website.\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be chaired by the Commission.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, sub-groups may be set up to examine specific questions under the terms of reference established by the group. Such sub-groups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission\u2019s representative may ask observers or experts, in particular with specific competence on a subject on the agenda, to participate in the group\u2019s or sub-group\u2019s deliberations if this is useful and/or necessary.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Information obtained by participating in the deliberations of a group or sub-group shall not be divulged if, in the opinion of the Commission, that information relates to confidential matters.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group and its sub-groups shall normally meet on Commission premises in accordance with the procedures and schedule established by it. The Commission shall provide secretarial services. Other Commission officials with an interest in the proceedings may attend meetings of the group and its sub-groups.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure adopted by the Commission.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may publish, in the original language of the document concerned, any summary, conclusion, or partial conclusion or working document of the group.\nMeeting expenses\nThe Commission shall reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses for members, experts and observers in connection with the group\u2019s activities in accordance with the Commission\u2019s rules on the compensation of external experts.\nThe members, experts and observers shall not be remunerated for the services they render.\nMeeting expenses are reimbursed within the limits of the annual budget allocated to the group by the responsible Commission services.\nExpiry\nThis Decision shall expire on 31 December 2009", "answer groups": ["advisory committee (EU)", "self-employed person", "operation of the Institutions", "digital technology", "virtual library"], "distractor groups": ["separated person", "management committee (EU)", "public legal official", "ministerial meeting", "peaceful use of energy", "Antigua and Barbuda", "social development", "pet shop", "freedom of association", "mythology"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2009/328/EC: Decision of the European Central Bank of 19\u00a0March 2009 amending Decision ECB/2004/2 of 19\u00a0February 2004 adopting the Rules of Procedure of the European Central Bank (ECB/2009/5)\n18.4.2009 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 100/10\nDECISION OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK\nof 19 March 2009\namending Decision ECB/2004/2 of 19 February 2004 adopting the Rules of Procedure of the European Central Bank\n(ECB/2009/5)\n(2009/328/EC)\nTHE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK\n,\nHaving regard to the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank (hereinafter the Statute of the ESCB), and in particular Article 10.2 and Article 12.3 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Upon adoption of the euro by Slovakia the number of members of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB) exceeds 21. Article 10.2 of the Statute of the ESCB provides that as from the date on which the number of members of the Governing Council exceeds 21, each member of the Executive Board will have one vote and the number of governors with a voting right will be 15. It also specifies the rules on the rotation of the voting rights. Under the sixth indent of Article 10.2, the Governing Council, acting by a two-thirds majority of all its members, may decide to postpone the start of the rotation system until the date on which the number of governors exceeds 18. In December 2008 the Governing Council decided to postpone the start of the rotation system until such a date\u00a0(1).\n(2) Under the sixth indent of Article 10.2 of the Statute of the ESCB, the Governing Council, acting by a two-thirds majority of all its members, has to take all measures necessary for the implementation of the rotation system. These measures cover: (i) the rotation rate: the number of governors losing or gaining voting rights at the same time; (ii) the rotation period: the length of the period during which the composition of voting governors does not change; (iii) how governors will be ordered within their groups; and (iv) the transition from a two to a three-group system. The Governing Council has decided to take such measures, which require amendment of Decision ECB/2004/2 of 19 February 2004 adopting the Rules of Procedure of the European Central Bank\u00a0(2), to be applied as from the date on which the number of governors exceeds 18.\n(3) The implementation of the rotation system respects the principles of equal treatment of governors, transparency and simplicity,\nAmendments to the Rules of Procedure of the European Central Bank\nDecision ECB/2004/2 is amended as follows:\n1. The following Article 3a is inserted:\n2. The first sentence of Article 4.1 is replaced by the following:\n3. The following sentence is added to Article 4.7:\n4. The fourth sentence of Article 5.1 is replaced by the following:\n5. Article 5.2 is replaced by the following:\nFinal provision\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day when the number of governors in the Governing Council of the ECB exceeds 18", "answer groups": ["European Central Bank", "rules of procedure"], "distractor groups": ["arms limitation", "collective farm", "diplomatic representation", "commission agent", "petroleum exploration", "guide", "anti-discriminatory measure", "sugar refining", "higher court", "river tourism", "eligibility criteria", "economic analysis", "breeding animal"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 292/92 of 6 February 1992 amending Regulation (EEC) No 920/89 laying down quality standards for carrots, citrus fruit and dessert apples and pears as regards the tables classifying varieties of apples\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 292/92 of 6 February 1992 amending Regulation (EEC) No 920/89 laying down quality standards for carrots, citrus fruit and dessert apples and pears as regards the tables classifying varieties of apples\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 of 18 May 1972 on the common organization of the market in fruit and vegetables (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1623/91 (4), lays down quality Article 2 (2) thereof,\nWhereas the Annex III to Commission Regulation (EEC) No 920/89 (3) as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 3544/90 (4), lays down detailed standards for dessert apples and pears;\nWhereas Table 1 of Annex III lays down colouring criteria for the classification of different apple varieties and Table 3 a list of varieties which are classified as large fruited;\nWhereas, varieties grown in the territory of the former German Democratic Republic have not yet been inlcuded in these Tables;\nWhereas, Tables 1 and 3 in Annex III to Regulation (EEC) No 920/89 should be corrected accordingly;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Fruit and Vegetables,\nAnnex III of Regulation (EEC) No 920/89 is amended as follows:\n1. Table 1, 'colouring criteria for apples';\n- Group B. Varieties of mixed red colouring;\n- the indent '- Piglos' is inserted after the indent '- Nueva Orleans'.\n- Group C - striped varieties, slightly coloured\n- the indent '- Apollo' is inserted after the indent '- Alkmene'.\n- the indent '- Carola (Kalco)' is inserted after the indent '- Braeburn'.\n- the indents '- Pimona, - Pinova and - Piros' are inserted after the indent '-Oldenburg'.\n- the indent '- Reglindis' is inserted after the indent '- Pomme Raisin'.\n- the indent '- Shampion' is inserted after 'Rose de Caldaro (Kalterer)'.\n2. Part 1 'Apples' of table 3, 'List of large-fruited apples and pears':\n- the indent '- Apollo' is inserted after the indent '- Altaender'.\n- the indent '- Carola (Kalco)' is inserted after the indent '- Brettacher'.\n- the indent '- Herma' is inserted after the indent '- Groupe des Calvilles'.\n- the indents '- Piglos, - Pinova and - Piros' are inserted aftter the indent '- Pero Mingan'.\n- the indent '- Reglindis' is inserted after the indent '- Red Ingrid Marie'.\n- the indent '- Shampion' is inserted after the indent '- Septer'.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["standard", "pip fruit", "product quality"], "distractor groups": ["ethics", "building services", "electronic government", "Notranjsko-kra\u0161ka", "federal chamber", "professional ethics", "national library", "common fund", "consumer demand", "metals", "temporary admission", "radioactive waste"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Twenty-Fifth Commission Directive 2000/11/EC of 10 March 2000 adapting to technical progress Annex II to Council Directive 76/768/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (Text with EEA relevance)\nTWENTY-FIFTH COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2000/11/EC\nof 10 March 2000\nadapting to technical progress Annex II to Council Directive 76/768/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products(1), as last amended by Commission Directive 2000/6/EC(2), and in particular Article 8(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the consultation of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products intended for Consumers,\nWhereas:\n(1) It is an established fact that 3'-ethyl-5',6',7',8'-tetrahydro-5',5',8',8'-tetramethyl-2'-acetonaphthone or 7-acetyl-6-ethyl-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtalen is a substance that induces neurotoxic effects. This substance should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and it should be listed in Annex II to the abovementioned Directive.\n(2) It is an established fact that aristolochic acid and its salts, as well as Aristolochia spp. and their preparations, are substances that act as powerful carcinogens. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(3) It is an established fact that 2,3,7,8-tetra chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is a toxic substance with powerful cancer-causing potential. This substance should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and it should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(4) It is an established fact that 6-(piperidinyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine 3-oxide (minoxidil) and its salts are substances that produce powerful systemic vasodilating effects. Furthermore, a special scientific assessment needs to be made of minoxidil derivatives in order to determine their possible effects on health. Minoxidil and its salts should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(5) It is an established fact that 3,4',5-tribromosalicylanilide is a substance that produces a powerful and prolonged photosensitising effect. This substance should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and it should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(6) It is an established fact that Phytolacca spp. and their preparations are toxic substances that produce adverse pharmacological effects. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(7) It is an established fact that 11\u03b1-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione) and its esters are substances that produce endocrine activity levels in correlation with powerful hypertension effects. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(8) It is an established fact that the colouring agent C.I. 42 640 is a substance that produces carcinogenic effects. This substance should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and it should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(9) It is an established fact that antiandrogens of steroidal structure are substances that interfere with the functioning of the androgene-dependent organs. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(10) It is an established fact that zirconium and its compounds, other than the hydrated aluminium and zirconium hydroxychlorides and their complex with glycine and the zirconium lakes, pigments or salts of colouring agents that may be contained in the cosmetic products, are substances that produce mutagenic effects. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(11) It is an established fact that tyrothricin and its salts are antibiotic substances with a bacteriostatic effect. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products. However, as they are already listed under reference number 39 in the abovementioned Annex II, the allocation of a special reference number is not necessary.\n(12) It is an established fact that acetonitrile is a toxic solvent that produces acute systemic and potentially carcinogenic effects. This substance should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and it should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(13) It is an established fact that tetrahydrozoline and its salts are substances that produce vasoconstrictive \u03b1-adrenergic effects. These substances should therefore be prohibited in cosmetic products, and they should be listed in the abovementioned Annex II.\n(14) In its judgment of 25 January 1994 (Angelopharm GmbH v Freie Hansestadt Hamburg) the Court of Justice of the European Communities invalidated the provisions of Article 1 of Twelfth Commission Directive 90/121/EEC(3) adapting to technical progress Annexes II, III, IV, V and VI to Directive 76/768/EEC referred to above, with a view to including the 11\u03b1-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione) and its esters on the list of substances that are prohibited in cosmetic products pursuant to the abovementioned Annex II. As grounds for its judgment, the Court ruled that the listing of this substance in the abovementioned Annex II should have been justified by a report from the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products but that no such justification had been provided.\n(15) In the light of this judgment, it follows that the listing of any substance in the abovementioned Annex II must, of necessity, be preceded by consultation of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products. Consequently, steps must be taken under this Directive to rescind the listing of substances in the abovementioned Annex II resulting from the improper application of any Commission directive vitiated by the same procedural defect, namely Commission Directive 82/147/EEC(4), Fifth Commission Directive 84/415/EEC(5), Seventh Commission Directive 86/179/EEC(6), Ninth Commission Directive 87/137/EEC(7), Tenth Commission Directive 88/233/EEC(8), and Twelfth Directive 90/121/EEC.\n(16) In consequence of the abovementioned judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Communities, the reference numbers allocated to these substances improperly listed in the abovementioned Annex II should be formally withdrawn and, where appropriate, reintroduced on the list on the basis of a relevant scientific report delivered by the abovementioned Scientific Committee.\n(17) The measures laid down in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives on the Removal of Technical Barriers to Trade in the Cosmetic Products Sector,\nDirective 76/768/EEC is hereby amended as indicated in the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall take any action needed to ensure that cosmetic products supplied to the final consumer do not contain any of the substances listed in Annex II to Directive 76/768/EEC, as defined in the Annex to this Directive.\nMember States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 June 2000 at the latest. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.\nWhen Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["product quality", "technological change", "cosmetic product", "approximation of laws", "application of EU law"], "distractor groups": ["philosophy of science", "e-Health", "international responsibility", "High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy", "pastry-making", "competitiveness", "bureau of parliament", "least-developed country", "disinformation", "occupational safety"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/627/EC: Council Decision of 11 July 2006 abrogating Decision 2005/184/EC on the existence of an excessive deficit in Cyprus\n20.9.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 256/13\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 11 July 2006\nabrogating Decision 2005/184/EC on the existence of an excessive deficit in Cyprus\n(2006/627/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 104(12) thereof,\nHaving regard to the recommendation from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Decision 2005/184/EC\u00a0(1), following a recommendation from the Commission in accordance with Article 104(6) of the Treaty, it was decided that an excessive deficit existed in Cyprus.\n(2) In accordance with Article 104(7) of the Treaty and Article 3(4) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1467/97 of 7 July 1997 on speeding up and clarifying the implementation of the excessive deficit procedure\u00a0(2), the Council made a recommendation on 5 July 2004 addressed to Cyprus with a view to bringing the excessive deficit situation to an end by 2005 at the latest. The recommendation was made public. Specifically, it was recommended that the measures envisaged in the May 2004 convergence programme be implemented with vigour; in particular, that effective action be taken by 5 November 2004 in order to bring the deficit below 3\u00a0% of GDP in 2005 in a credible and sustainable manner. The Council also recommended ensuring that the rise in the debt ratio be brought to a halt in 2004 and reversed thereafter. The Council invited the Cypriot authorities to ensure that budgetary consolidation towards the medium-term objective (MTO) be sustained after the excessive deficit has been corrected.\n(3) In accordance with Article 104(12) of the Treaty, a Council Decision on the existence of an excessive deficit is to be abrogated when the excessive deficit in the Member State concerned has, in the view of the Council, been corrected.\n(4) In accordance with the Protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty, the Commission provides the data for the implementation of the procedure. As part of the application of that Protocol, Member States are to provide data on government deficits and debt and other associated variables twice a year, namely before 1 April and before 1 October, in accordance with Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) No 3605/93 of 22 November 1993 on the application of the Protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community\u00a0(3).\n(5) Based on data provided by the Commission (Eurostat) in accordance with Article 8g of Regulation (EC) No 3605/93 following the notification by Cyprus before 1 April 2006 and on the Commission services' Spring 2006 forecast, the following conclusions are warranted:\n\u2014 the general government deficit was reduced from 4,1\u00a0% of GDP in 2004 to 2,4\u00a0% of GDP in 2005, which is below the 3\u00a0% of GDP deficit reference value. This compares with a target of 2,9\u00a0% of GDP set in the May 2004 update of the convergence programme and with the 2,5\u00a0% target of the latest Convergence Programme update of December 2005. The reduction below the reference value in 2005 is in line with the recommendation under Article 104(7) of the Treaty. Fiscal adjustment was pursued in 2005 through both revenue increases and expenditure restraint. Although some one-off measures helped reduce the deficit, the budgetary consolidation in Cyprus was achieved mainly through structural measures. The structural deficit (the cyclically adjusted deficit net of one-off and other temporary measures) fell to 3\u00a0% of GDP, compared to almost 5\u00a0% and 8\u00a0% of GDP in 2004 and 2003 respectively,\n\u2014 for 2006, the Commission services' spring 2006 forecast projects the deficit to be reduced further, to 2,25\u00a0% of GDP, largely through measures of a structural nature. This is slightly above the official deficit target of 1,9\u00a0% of GDP set in the December 2005 update of the convergence programme. For 2007, the spring forecast projects, on a no-policy-change basis, a further decline in the deficit to 2\u00a0% of GDP. This suggests that the deficit has been brought below the 3\u00a0% of GDP ceiling in a credible and sustainable manner, as required by the recommendation under Article 104(7),\n\u2014 Government debt declined from 71,75\u00a0% of GDP in 2004 to 70,25\u00a0% in 2005. According to the Commission services' spring 2006 forecast, the debt ratio is projected to fall further to around 69\u00a0% and 68\u00a0% of GDP in 2006 and 2007 respectively. The pace of debt reduction towards the 60\u00a0% of GDP reference value is in line with the recommendation under Article 104(7).\n(6) According to the Council opinion of 14 March 2006 on the updated convergence programme of Cyprus, 2005 to 2009, the measures planned by the Cypriot authorities over the programme period would bring the structural deficit to about 0,5\u00a0% of GDP by 2009, which is considered the medium-term objective chosen by the Cypriot authorities. Based on the estimated outturn for 2005 and taking account of the balance of risks to the budgetary targets, the budgetary stance in the programme seems sufficient to ensure that the programme's MTO is almost reached by 2009, as envisaged in the programme. In the years following the correction of the excessive deficit, the pace of adjustment towards the programme's MTO implied by the programme is broadly in line with the Stability and Growth Pact.\n(7) Decision 2005/184/EC should therefore be abrogated,\nFrom an overall assessment it follows that the excessive deficit situation in Cyprus has been corrected.\nDecision 2005/184/EC is hereby abrogated.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Cyprus", "answer groups": ["budget deficit", "public finance", "stability pact", "Cyprus"], "distractor groups": ["Ulster-Donegal", "purchase price", "social integration", "large family", "Romania", "Council of Europe countries", "Gorj", "university research", "biology", "regionalisation of trade", "acoustics"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "1999/625/EC: Council Decision of 13 September 1999 appointing eight members of the Committee of the Regions\nCOUNCIL DECISION\nof 13 September 1999\nappointing eight members of the Committee of the Regions\n(1999/625/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 263 thereof,\nHaving regard to the Council Decision of 26 January 1998(1) appointing the members and alternate members of the Committee of the Regions,\nWhereas four seats as members and four seats as alternate members of the Committee have become vacant following the resignation of Ms M. Louppen-Laurant, Mr P. Loos, Mr A.B. Sakkers and Mr J. Lagrand, members, and Mr J. Walmsa, Mr H. Van der Goot, Mr N. Gerzee and Mr D.H. Kok, alternate members, notified to the Council on 28 May 1999, 23 July 1999, 10 August 1999, 19 August 1999 and 6 September 1999 respectively;\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Netherlands Government,\nThe following shall be appointed\n(a) full members of the Committee of the Regions:\nMr J.H.J. Verburg to replace Mr J.P.J. Lagrand,\nMr H.J.M. Kemperman to replace Ms M. Louppen-Laurant,\nMr H. Dijksma to replace Mr P. Loos,\nMr G. Van Klaveren to replace Mr A.B. Sakkers,\n(b) alternate member of the Committee for the Regions:\nMs C.W. Jacobs to replace Mr N. Gerzee,\nMr A.B. Sakkers to replace Mr J. Walsma,\nMr D.C. Dekker to replace Mr H. Van der Goot,\nMr N. Kallen-Morren to replace Mr D.H. Kok,\nfor the remainder of their term of office, i.e. until 25 January 2002", "answer groups": ["appointment of staff", "European Committee of the Regions"], "distractor groups": ["international labour law", "missile", "Sumatra", "European Union", "option contract", "Spain", "port administration", "bovine spongiform encephalopathy", "Martinique", "tool industry", "civil engineering", "one-parent family", "Community method"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Directive 2011/15/EU of 23\u00a0February 2011 amending Directive 2002/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Community vessel traffic monitoring and information system Text with EEA relevance\n24.2.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 49/33\nCOMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2011/15/EU\nof 23 February 2011\namending Directive 2002/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Community vessel traffic monitoring and information system\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2002/59/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2002 establishing a Community vessel traffic monitoring and information system and repealing Council Directive 93/75/EEC\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 27 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Resolution MSC.150(77) of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has been revoked and replaced by IMO Resolution MSC.286(86) with effect from 1 July 2009. Therefore Article 12 of Directive 2002/59/EC referring to the revoked IMO Resolution should also be updated accordingly.\n(2) The carriage requirements concerning the automatic identification Systems (AIS) and voyage data recorders (VDR) should be updated in line with the modifications to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and should take account of the development of simplified VDRs, as approved by the IMO. The scope of exemptions of carriage requirements for small passenger vessels on short distances should also be made more precise and adapted to such voyages.\n(3) Following an incident at sea, the powers of intervention of Member States should be made more explicit. In particular, it should be clearly stated that they may give instructions to the assistance, salvage or towage companies in order to prevent a serious and imminent threat to its coastline or related interests, to the safety of other ships and their crews and passengers or of persons on shore or to protect the marine environment.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on Safe Seas and the Prevention of Pollution from Ships,\nAmendments\nDirective 2002/59/EC is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 12(1), point (b) is replaced by the following:\n\u2018(b) for the substances referred to in Annex I to the Marpol Convention, the safety data sheet detailing the physico-chemical characteristics of the products, including, where applicable, their viscosity expressed in cSt at 50\u00a0\u00b0C and their density at 15\u00a0\u00b0C and the other data contained in the safety data sheet in accordance with IMO Resolution MSC.286(86).\u2019;\n2. Annex II is replaced by Annex I to this Directive;\n3. Annex IV is replaced by Annex II to this Directive.\nTransposition\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 12 months from its entry into force at the latest, without prejudice to the transposition date provided for by Article 2(1) of Directive 2009/17/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council\u00a0(2) as far as fishing vessels are concerned. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions. When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["information system", "transport accident", "maritime transport", "data recording", "maritime safety", "maritime surveillance"], "distractor groups": ["trading operation", "intergovernmental legal instrument", "domestic market", "smoking", "itinerant trade", "province", "silver", "small arms", "Mafia"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2000/728/EC: Commission Decision of 10 November 2000 establishing the application and annual fees of the Community Eco-label (notified under document number C(2000) 3279) (Text with EEA relevance)\nCommission Decision\nof 10 November 2000\nestablishing the application and annual fees of the Community Eco-label\n(notified under document number C(2000) 3279)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2000/728/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community and in particular Article 175(1) thereof,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 July 2000, on a revised Community Eco-label award scheme(1), and in particular Article 12 and Annex V thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that every application for the award of an Eco-label should be subject to payment of a fee relating to the costs of processing the application and that the use of Eco-label should entail payment of an annual fee by the applicant.\n(2) Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that the level of application and annual fees should be established by the Commission in accordance with Annex V and under the procedure laid down in Article 17 of the said Regulation.\n(3) Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that a minimum and a maximum application fee should be fixed, and that in the case of SMEs(2) and also product manufacturers as well as service providers of developing countries the application fee should be reduced by at least 25 %.\n(4) Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that the annual fee should be calculated in relation to the annual volume of sales within the Community of the product awarded the Eco-label, and that a minimum and a maximum fee should be fixed.\n(5) Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that in the case of SMEs, and also product manufacturers as well as service providers of developing countries, the annual fees should be reduced by at least 25 %.\n(6) Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that applicants who have already received certification under EMAS or ISO 14001 may be granted additional reductions on the annual fee.\n(7) Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that further reductions could be considered under the procedure laid down in Article 17 of the said Regulation.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee set up pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000,\n1. An application for the award of a label will be subject to payment of a fee relating to the costs of processing the application.\n2. The minimum application fee shall be EUR 300. The maximum application fee shall be EUR 1300.\n3. In the case of SMEs, and also product manufacturers as well as service providers of developing countries, the application fee shall be reduced by 25 %. Both reductions shall be cumulative and shall also apply to the minimum and maximum application fee.\n1. Each applicant who has been awarded an Eco-label will pay an annual fee for the use of the label to the competent body which has awarded the label.\n2. The period covered by the fee will begin with the date of the award of the Eco-label to the applicant.\n3. Figures for the annual sales volume shall be based on ex-factory prices when the product that has been awarded the Eco-label is a good. They shall be based on delivery price when related to services.\n4. The figure for the annual fee shall be 0,15 % of the annual volume of sales within the Community of the product awarded the Eco-label.\n5. The minimum annual fee shall be EUR 500 per product group per applicant. The maximum annual fee shall be EUR 25000 per product group per applicant.\n6. In the case of SMEs, and also product manufacturers as well as service providers of developing countries, the annual fee shall be reduced by 25 %. Both reductions shall be cumulative.\n7. The annual fee shall be reduced by 15 % for applicants that are EMAS registered and/or ISO 14001 certified. This reduction shall be subject to the condition that the applicant explicitly commits itself in its environmental policy to ensure full compliance of its Eco-labelled products with the Eco-label criteria throughout the period of validity of the contract and that this commitment is appropriately incorporated into the detailed environmental objectives. Those applicants with ISO 14001 shall demonstrate annually the implementation of this commitment. Those with EMAS shall forward a copy of their annually verified environmental statement.\n8. Competent Bodies may grant reductions of up to 25 % for up to the first three applicants in each Member State that are awarded the Eco-label for a given product group.\n9. All of the above reductions shall be cumulative and shall also apply to the minimum and maximum annual fee, but shall not exceed in total 50 %.\n10. Products for which intermediates have already been subject to the payment of an annual fee shall only be subject to payment of a fee corresponding to the annual sales of the products after deduction of the cost value of such intermediates.\nNeither the application fee nor the annual fee will include any cost towards testing and verification which may be necessary for products which are the subject of applications. Applicants will meet the cost of such testing and verification themselves.\nContracts for the use of the Eco-label concluded before the entry into force of this Decision may at the request of the licence holder be modified to take into account the provisions of this Decision.\nCommunity adoption or revision of EU Eco-label product groups, in accordance with the procedure set in Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000, may lead to modifications in the application of the current Decision fixing the costs and fees to a particular product group. Such modifications should be expressly provided for in the Decision establishing the ecological criteria for that particular product group.\nCommission Decision 93/326/EEC of 13 May 1993 establishing indicative guidelines for the fixing of costs and fees in connection with the Community Eco-label(3) is hereby repealed.\nThe Commission may review and evaluate the implementation of this Decision within two years, and may propose to adapt it as appropriate.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["environmental tax", "administrative formalities", "turnover", "industrial production", "eco-label"], "distractor groups": ["video communications", "hydrocarbon", "arbitration", "vegetable juice", "occupational mortality", "regional policy", "drug residue", "fuel oil", "land register", "Panama Canal"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/75/EU: Commission Decision of 2\u00a0February 2011 amending Decision 2003/249/EC as regards the extension of the duration of temporary derogations from certain provisions of Council Directive 2000/29/EC in respect of plants of strawberry ( Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Chile (notified under document C(2011) 477)\n3.2.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 29/33\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 2 February 2011\namending Decision 2003/249/EC as regards the extension of the duration of temporary derogations from certain provisions of Council Directive 2000/29/EC in respect of plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Chile\n(notified under document C(2011) 477)\n(2011/75/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2000/29/EC of 8 May 2000 on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 15(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Under Directive 2000/29/EC, plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in non-European countries, other than Mediterranean countries, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the continental States of the United States of America, may not in principle be introduced into the Union. However, that Directive permits derogations from that rule, provided that it is established that there is no risk of spreading harmful organisms.\n(2) Commission Decision 2003/249/EC\u00a0(2) authorises Member States to provide for temporary derogations from certain provisions of Directive 2000/29/EC to permit the import of plants of strawberry (Fragaria L.), intended for planting, other than seeds, originating in Chile.\n(3) The circumstances justifying the authorisation provided for in Decision 2003/249/EC are still present and there is no new information giving cause for revision of the specific conditions.\n(4) By Commission Directive 2008/64/EC\u00a0(3)\nColletotrichum acutatum Simmonds was removed from point (c) of Section II of Part A of Annex II to Directive 2000/29/EC. Therefore this organism should no longer be included in the Annex of Decision 2003/249/EC.\n(5) Based on the experience gained with the application of Decision 2003/249/EC it is appropriate to extend the period of validity of that authorisation for 10 years.\n(6) Decision 2003/249/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(7) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plant Health,\nDecision 2003/249/EC is amended as follows:\n1. the second paragraph of Article 1 of Decision 2003/249/EC is replaced by the following:\n2. the following Article 3a is inserted:\n3. the second indent of point 1(c) of the Annex is deleted.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["seedling", "derogation from EU law", "originating product", "soft fruit", "import", "plant health legislation", "Chile"], "distractor groups": ["prices policy", "preserved product", "ACP-EU institution", "food expenditure", "Eurofound", "information centre", "land mobility", "deregulation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "96/269/ECSC: Commission Decision of 29 November 1995 on aid to be granted by Austria to Voest-Alpine Erzberg Gesellschaft mbH (Only the German text is authentic) (Text with EEA relevance)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 29 November 1995 on aid to be granted by Austria to Voest-Alpine Erzberg Gesellschaft mbH (Only the German text is authentic) (Text with EEA relevance) (96/269/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, and in particular the first and second paragraphs of Article 95 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Consultative Committee and with the unanimous assent of the Council,\nWhereas:\nI\nThe Voest-Alpine Erzberg Gesellschaft mbH (hereinafter referred to as VAEG) is held by \u00d6IA Bergbauholding Aktiengesellschaft, which belongs to the wholly State-owned \u00d6sterreichische Industrieholding Aktiengesellschaft. VAEG is involved in the mining of ore of low iron density (32 % Fe). The open pit mine consists of 23 layers approximately 24 metres in height and 860 metres in length. Underground mining accounts for only a small portion of the total production.\nThe history of mining activities in the area dates back to the third century. The region has experienced a sharp decline in mining activities and is now being opened up to tourism. The iron ore mine is to be closed. Safety and environmental measures are to be taken to facilitate the setting-up of tourist facilities.\nIn January 1995 Austria notified the Commission that it intended to grant aid to VAEG. It provided further information in a number of communications between March and September 1995.\nII\nVAEG on the one hand and Voest-Alpine Stahl Linz GmbH and Voest-Alpine Stahl Donawitz GmbH on the other hand signed a contract on 30 April 1993 concerning the annual supply of 1 to 1,3 million tonnes of iron ore containing 32 % Fe per tonne in the period 1994 to 1998. The price is negotiated annually. The buyers also obtain iron ore from South Africa and the Ukraine and the price they have to pay for this iron ore is taken as the guideline for determining the price of the Austrian iron ore. The price negotiated with VAEG is equal to, or higher than the price paid for imported ore. Both steel companies are going to be privatized in the near future. For 1995 the price per tonne of ore was set at \u00d6S 139, giving VAEG revenues of \u00d6S 180,7 million for 1,3 million tonnes of ore. The costs of producing this quantity are, however, \u00d6S 174 per tonne, i.e. \u00d6S 226,2 million in total.\nThe difference between revenues and costs is to be covered by State aid. It is expected that revenues will in the longer term remain below costs, and Austria has therefore proposed a digressive maximum amount of production aid to make up this difference. Actual payments of this type of aid may, however, be lower if the gap between costs and revenues so allows.\nVAEG is pursuing its mine-closure operations, which started in the 1980s. The following table gives an overview of the cuts in output and in the workforce up to 1994.\n>TABLE>\nVAEG plans to produce the following quantities (in tonnes) in the years 1995 to 2002:\n>TABLE>\nIron ore production will be terminated by 31 December 2002. There will then be a gradual closure process which will be completed in 2003, instead of an immediate closure and liquidation which would lead to severe environmental and social problems. The workforce will gradually shift from production to (the preparation of) closure activities so as to allow an environmentally friendly shutdown to be carried out.\nIn order to facilitate this process of gradual closure, the difference between revenues and costs is to be covered by the Austrian State. The maximum amounts of aid per year for this purpose are:\n>TABLE>\nDuring this period, VAEG has to embark upon closure and safety activities that will allow a safe and environmentally friendly withdrawal from ore mining such as securing of endangered layers, securing of the edges of layers, etc. The total cost of these measures amounts to \u00d6S 454,5 million, of which a total of \u00d6S 136 million (30 % of the total cost) is to be made available by the Austrian State.\nAustria is proposing to grant the following subsidies for these purposes:\n>TABLE>\nA breakdown of the closure costs is given in the following table:\n>TABLE>\nThe planned production levels and the necessary closure activities require the following workforce:\n>TABLE>\nIII\nThe European Union is only a minor producer of iron ore, and the mining of this product within the EU is expected to continue to decline gradually in competition with larger, higher quality and cheaper-to-mine deposits overseas. The Community is a net importer of iron ore. In 1994 it imported approximately 134 tonnes. There are no significant exports from the Community to third countries. Imports come mostly from South Africa, Brazil, Australia and Canada.\nIn the Community there is only one major producer, which is LKAB of Sweden. It produces iron ore of high quality (60 % Fe). It has 3 000 employees and produces 20 million tonnes per year.\nIn France the company Mines de Fer de l'Arbed produces iron ore of low iron content for Usinor Sacilor and Arbed. Its production in 1994 was 2,4 million tonnes (1990: 8,7 million tonnes, 1991: 7,5 million tonnes, 1992: 5,7 millions tonnes, 1993: 3,5 million tonnes). Its workforce is around 240.\nThe Spanish company Compa\u00f1ia Andaluza de Minas produced the following amounts over the past few years: 1990: 3,03 million tonnes, 1991: 3,9 million tonnes, 1992: 2,7 million tonnes, 1993: 2,1 million tonnes, 1994: 2,2 million tonnes.\nIntra-Community trade, with the exception of Sweden, is not very significant. In 1993 Spain exported 1,37 million tonnes to Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands and the UK. In the same year it imported 6,66 million tonnes from third countries. France exported 2,76 million tonnes to Luxembourg and consumed 1,44 million tonnes of its own production. Imports from third countries amounted to 16,6 million tonnes. In 1993 Sweden exported 13,6 million tonnes to the Community, notably to the UK, Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands. Austria does not import from other Member States, but from South Africa and the Ukraine; it does not export iron ore.\nIV\nAccording to Article 4 (c) of the Treaty, subsidies or aid granted by Member States to ECSC undertaings are incompatible with the common market for coal and steel. Iron ore (except pyrites) is listed in Annex I to the Treaty as one of the raw materials for iron and steel production, and therefore the Treaty applies in this case. Article 95 of the Treaty states that in all cases not provided for in the Treaty where it becomes apparent that a decision of the High Authority is necessary to attain, within the common market in coal and steel and in accordance with Article 5, one of the objectives of the Community set out in Articles 2, 3 and 4, the decision may be taken with the unanimous assent of the Council and after the Consultative Committee has been consulted.\nAustria proposes to grant production aid and closure aid to its iron ore mining industry with the aim of phasing out the activities of this industry under conditions that are both environmentally and socially acceptable. The Commission considers these aims to fall within the scope of Article 3 (d) and (e) of the Treaty.\nThe Steel Aid Code (Commission Decision No 3855/91/ECSC (1)) is applicable to the iron ore industry, but the provisions of that Decision do not allow the authorization of the aid for the purposes pursued in the present case.\nThe Austrian authorities do not expect VAEG to be able to return to viability in the sense of a company that can stand up to competition without State support, owing to the level of production costs and the geological situation. The closure of VAEG's iron ore mining activities is therefore the only viable solution. Austria intends to pursue its policy of gradual closure started in the 1980s until 2002, culminating in final closure in 2003.\nA comparison of (expected) revenues and costs shows that costs are higher than income. If this gap were not covered by State aid, a gradual closure would have to be replaced by an immediate full closure, which would create regional and environmental problems. The workforce needed to carry out the closure activities would not be available and the site would have to be abandoned in its present condition. On the social side it is to be noted that the workforce has already been reduced considerably from 1 627 in 1982 to 286 at present.\nThe town where the company is established recorded a 22,9 % decline in population from 1981 to 1991 (compared with 3,2 % growth in the population of Austria as a whole). It is expected that population numbers in the district will continue to decrease by 4,5 % in 1991 to 2001 and by 11,7 % in 2001 to 2011. The unemployment rate for the region was 11,5 % in 1993. In February 1995 the Commission designated the territory as an Objective 2 region. The region qualifies for aid under Article 92 (3) (c) of the EC Treaty.\nIn order to smooth the path of a gradual closure, Austria is proposing the following production levels and amounts of State aid:\n>TABLE>\nAustria has stipulated that no further production is to take place in 2003 and that no more production aid will be made available after 2002. The production figures and the operating aid show a digressive tendency over the years ahead. The workforce active in production will also be cut from 280 in 1995 to 181 in 2002.\nThe closure aid is intended for safety and environmental measures and, partly, for providing social support for workers made redundant. In order to comply with Austrian mining legislation, the company has to carry out these safety and environmental measures. However, it is not possible for the company to pay all the expenses itself and State support is therefore necessary during the phase-out period. The impact of such aid on the common market is negligible.\nThe social measures are payments to workers made redundant. Because of long-term employment their unemployment benefit is to be supplemented in pursuance of a social plan. Part of these costs (\u00d6S 35,4 million out of \u00d6S 140,3 million) is to be paid by the Austrian State, the rest by the company.\nOn the one hand the region is clearly suffering from industrial decline, while the production of iron ore and the production aid are decreasing over time. On the other hand the mining of iron ore in the Community is not very significant in terms of size, with the exception of Sweden. There are no imports or exports between Austria and other Member States.\nOn balance, competition and intra-Community trade and hence the common market are not likely to be affected by the proposed State aid, and the negative effects of a closure will be spread over time.\nIt should be noted that the Community is currently operating a system for the coal sector that is more or less equivalent to the one proposed by Austria for iron ore mining, namely Commission Decision No 3632/93/ECSC of 28 December 1993 establishing Community rules for State aid to the coal industry (2). The problems of the iron ore sector in the Community are comparable to those of the coal sector: Community production remains uncompetitive with imports from outside the Community, while unfavourable geological conditions limit the scope for rationalization.\nUnder the Decision cited above, operating aid to cover the difference between production costs and the selling price freely agreed between the Contracting Parties in the light of the conditions prevailing on the world market may be considered compatible with the common market, provided that certain conditions are met. The system allows transitional operating aid in the context of proposed closures.\nThe linkage of maximum aid to actual level of yearly losses and to world market prices for iron ore imported from third countries ensures that the aid will not exceed what is absolutely necessary.\nV\nIn previous Article 95 decisions concerning the steel sector, the Commission has allowed State aid only if competition in the common market was not unduly affected. In practice this means that companies that receive State aid in order to return to viability must in return undertake to cut their production capacity so as to reduce the anti-competitive effect of the State aid received.\nIn the case of VAEG, no production will take place after 31 December 2002. In the years 1995 to 2002 production will be gradually reduced and so will the production aid that will cover the difference between revenues and costs.\nThis constitutes the essential element of the Austrian plan. The aid will therefore not lead to an unlimited continuation of operations or to an increase in production capacity and will moreover be digressive.\nThe State aid in the present case has to be seen in the context of the common market, where there is virtually no competition between Community producers. VAEG does not export iron ore, nor does Austria import it from other EU Member States.\nFurthermore, it is clear that the process proposed by Austria will ease the social and regional problems of the territory concerned,\nThe following maximum amounts of aid which Austria plans to grant to Voest-Alpine Erzberg GmbH (VAEG) are compatible with the orderly functioning of the common market, subject to the condition that the production figures given below are not exceeded:\n>TABLE>\nThe operating aid granted annually by Austria shall not exceed the upper limits specified in Article 1. It shall under no circumstances exceed the difference between income from the sale of iron ore and production costs. The price agreed with the customers of VAEG shall be in line with the average market price and shall not be lower than the price such customers pay for iron ore imported from third countries.\n1. Austria shall cooperate fully in the implementation of the following arrangements for monitoring this Decision.\n2. Austria shall supply the Commission twice a year, and not later than 15 March and 15 September respectively, with monitoring reports. The first report shall be presented to the Commission by 15 March 1996 and the last report by 15 March 2003.\n3. The reports shall contain full information on the recipient company, the aid amounts paid to it for the different purposes as approved by the Commission, its closure activities, its production, the redundancies made and the switching of staff from production to closure activities.\nThe reports shall also contain all the information which the Commission requires for monitoring the closure of the iron ore mine and shall show sufficient financial data to allow the Commission to assess whether the aid is being used in accordance with the plan notified and whether the conditions specified in Articles 1 and 2 are being complied with.\n4. Austria shall require the recipient company to disclose all relevant data, including those which are otherwise considered confidential.\nThe Commission shall, on the basis of the reports referred to in Article 3, draw up half-yearly reports which will be submitted to the Council not later than 1 May and 1 November of each year.\nThe Commission may have any necessary checks made on the recipient company in accordance with Article 47 of the ECSC Treaty in order to verify the accuracy of the information given in the monitoring reports and in particular compliance with the conditions laid down in this Decision.\nShould Austria fail to fulfil its obligations under this Decision, Article 88 of the ECSC Treaty shall apply, without prejudice to any penalties the Commission may impose by virtue of the ECSC Treaty.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Austria", "answer groups": ["Austria", "State aid", "exchange of information", "cessation of trading", "mining industry", "control of State aid"], "distractor groups": ["subsistence farming", "global warming", "home help", "ticket", "mountain", "Central Africa", "firearms and munitions", "Castile-Leon", "work study"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Implementing Directive 2012/31/EU of 25\u00a0October 2012 amending Annex IV to Council Directive 2006/88/EC as regards the list of fish species susceptible to Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia and the deletion of the entry for Epizootic ulcerative syndrome Text with EEA relevance\n26.10.2012 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 297/26\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2012/31/EU\nof 25 October 2012\namending Annex IV to Council Directive 2006/88/EC as regards the list of fish species susceptible to Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia and the deletion of the entry for Epizootic ulcerative syndrome\n(Text with EEA relevance)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 2006/88/EC of 24 October 2006 on animal health requirements for aquaculture animals and products thereof, and on the prevention and control of certain diseases in aquatic animals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 61(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Directive 2006/88/EC lays down, inter alia, certain animal health rules applicable to aquaculture animals and products thereof, including specific provisions concerning the exotic and non-exotic diseases and species susceptible thereto, listed in Part II of Annex IV to that Directive.\n(2) Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) is included in the list of exotic diseases set out in Part II of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC.\n(3) Part I of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC sets out the criteria for listing exotic and non-exotic diseases in Part II of that Annex. According to those criteria, exotic diseases are to have the potential for significant economic impact if introduced into the Union, either by production losses in Union aquaculture or by restricting the potential for trade in aquaculture animals and products thereof. Alternatively, they are to have potential for detrimental environmental impact if introduced into the Union, to wild aquatic animal populations of species, which are an asset worth protecting by Union law or international provisions.\n(4) On 15 September 2011, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Panel on Animal Health and Welfare adopted a Scientific Opinion on Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome\u00a0(2) (the EFSA opinion). In that opinion, the EFSA concludes that the impact of EUS in Union aquaculture would range from no impact to low impact.\n(5) In addition, the EFSA opinion states that it is likely that EUS has repeatedly entered into the Union via ornamental fish import from third countries and that such fish may have released into Union waters. Under these circumstances, and considering the fact that no outbreaks of EUS have been reported in the Union, there is no evidence to suggest that EUS has the potential for detrimental environmental impact.\n(6) In view of the EFSA conclusions and of the available scientific evidence, EUS does no longer meet the criteria set out in Part I of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC in order to be listed in Part II of that Annex.\n(7) It is therefore appropriate to delete the entry for Epizootic ulcerative syndrome from the list of exotic diseases set out in Part II of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC.\n(8) In addition, Part II of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC includes a list of species regarded as susceptible to Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia.\n(9) Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is susceptible to the non-exotic fish disease Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia. Clinical outbreaks of that disease were confirmed in certain regions of Asia.\n(10) It is therefore appropriate to include Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the list of species susceptible to Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia set out in Part II of Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC.\n(11) Annex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(12) The measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nAnnex IV to Directive 2006/88/EC is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Directive.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall adopt and publish, by 1 January 2013 at the latest, the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They shall apply those provisions from 1 January 2013.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0When Member States adopt those provisions they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.\nThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Directive is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["aquaculture", "health control", "freshwater fish", "health certificate", "mollusc", "import (EU)"], "distractor groups": ["EU stock", "Province of Hainault", "popular culture", "export financing", "Sud-Est (Romania)", "passport", "medical institution", "polymer", "school canteen"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0595/2008 of 16\u00a0June 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01255/96 temporarily suspending the autonomous common customs tariff duties on certain industrial, agricultural and fishery products\n25.6.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 164/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 595/2008\nof 16 June 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1255/96 temporarily suspending the autonomous common customs tariff duties on certain industrial, agricultural and fishery products\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 26 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) It is in the Community's interest to suspend partially or totally the autonomous common customs tariff duties on a number of new products not listed in the Annex to Council Regulation (EC) No 1255/96\u00a0(1).\n(2) The CN and TARIC codes 5603121020 and 8504408420 for two products which are listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1255/96 should be withdrawn from that list because it is no longer in the Community's interest to maintain suspension of autonomous common customs tariff duties.\n(3) In addition, the descriptions of eight products need to be altered in order to take account of technical product developments and economic trends on the market. Those products should be considered as withdrawn from the list and should as a consequence be inserted in it as new products.\n(4) Experience has shown the need to provide for an expiry date for the suspensions listed in Regulation (EC) No 1255/96 to ensure that account is taken of technological and economic changes. That should not exclude the premature termination of certain measures or their continuation beyond that period, if economic reasons are submitted, in accordance with the principles laid down in the Commission Communication of 1998 concerning autonomous tariff suspensions and quotas\u00a0(2).\n(5) Regulation (EC) No 1255/96 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(6) Having regard to the economic importance of this Regulation, it is necessary to rely on the grounds of urgency provided for in point 1.3 of the Protocol on the role of national parliaments in the European Union annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities.\n(7) Since the suspensions laid down in this Regulation have to take effect from 1 July 2008, this Regulation should apply from the same date and enter into force immediately,\nThe Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1255/96 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. the rows for the products listed in Annex I to this Regulation shall be inserted;\n2. the rows for the products for which the CN and TARIC codes are given in Annex II to this Regulation shall be deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2008.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["fishery product", "suspension of customs duties", "agricultural product", "industrial product", "common customs tariff"], "distractor groups": ["Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", "mode of production", "tax inspection", "performance measurement", "white-collar worker", "European tax cooperation", "administrative order", "continuing education", "diploma", "special tax"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01947/2005 of 23 November 2005 on the common organisation of the market in seeds and repealing Regulations (EEC) No\u00a02358/71 and (EEC) No\u00a01674/72\n29.11.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 312/3\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1947/2005\nof 23 November 2005\non the common organisation of the market in seeds and repealing Regulations (EEC) No 2358/71 and (EEC) No 1674/72\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 36 and the third subparagraph of Article 37(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee\u00a0(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) The operation and development of the common market in agricultural products should be accompanied by the establishment of a common agricultural policy to include, in particular, a common organisation of the agricultural markets which may take various forms depending on the product concerned.\n(2) Council Regulation (EEC) No 2358/71 of 26 October 1971 on the common organisation of the market in seeds\u00a0(3) has been substantially amended several times, particularly by Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 of 29 September 2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers\u00a0(4). In the interests of clarity, Regulation (EEC) No 2358/71 should be repealed and replaced by a new Regulation.\n(3) The provisions of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1674/72 of 2 August 1972 laying down general rules for granting and financing aid for seed\u00a0(5) were incorporated into the implementing rules in Chapter 10 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1973/2004 of 29 October 2004 laying down detailed rules for the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 as regards the support schemes provided for in Titles IV and IVa of that Regulation and the use of land set aside for the production of raw materials\u00a0(6). Regulation (EEC) No 1674/72 should therefore be repealed.\n(4) In order to monitor the volume of trade in seeds with third countries, provision should be made for an import licence scheme with the lodging of a security to ensure that the transactions for which such licences are requested are effected.\n(5) The system of customs duties makes it possible to dispense with all other protective measures in the case of goods imported from third countries.\n(6) The internal market and customs duty mechanism could, in exceptional circumstances, prove inadequate. In such cases, in order not to leave the Community market without defence against disturbances that might ensue, the Community should be able to take all necessary measures without delay. Those measures should comply with the Community\u2019s international obligations.\n(7) The proper working of the internal market in seeds would be jeopardised by the granting of national aid. The provisions of the Treaty governing State aid should, therefore, apply to the products covered by this common market organisation. However, since accession, Finland may, subject to authorisation by the Commission, grant aid respectively for certain quantities of seeds and for certain quantities of cereal seed produced solely in Finland, because of its specific climatic conditions.\n(8) Since the common market in seeds is constantly evolving, the Member States and the Commission should keep each other supplied with information relevant to developments in this area.\n(9) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission\u00a0(7),\nCHAPTER I\nINTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS\nA common organisation of the market in seeds shall be established and shall cover the following products:\nCN code Description of goods\n0712\u00a090\u00a011 Sweetcorn hybrids for sowing\n0713\u00a010\u00a010 Peas (Pisum sativum) for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a020\u00a000 Chickpeas for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a031\u00a000 Beans of the species Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper or Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a032\u00a000 Small red (Adzuki) beans (Phaseolus or Vigna angularis) for sowing\n0713\u00a033\u00a010 Kidney beans, including white pea beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a039\u00a000 Other beans for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a040\u00a000 Lentils for sowing\nex\u00a00713\u00a050\u00a000 Broad beans (Vicia faba var. major) and horse beans (Vicia faba var. equina, Vicia faba var. mino)\nex\u00a00713\u00a090\u00a000 Other dried leguminous vegetables for sowing\n1001\u00a090\u00a010 Spelt for sowing\nex\u00a01005\u00a010 Hybrid maize (corn) seed\n1006\u00a010\u00a010 Rice in the husk (paddy or rough) for sowing\n1007\u00a000\u00a010 Grain sorghum hybrids for sowing\n1201\u00a000\u00a010 Soya beans, whether or not broken, for sowing\n1202\u00a010\u00a010 Groundnuts, not roasted or otherwise cooked, in shell, for sowing\n1204\u00a000\u00a010 Linseed, whether or not broken, for sowing\n1205\u00a010\u00a010 Rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken, for sowing\n1206\u00a000\u00a010 Sunflower seeds, whether or not broken, for sowing\nex\u00a01207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken, for sowing\n1209 Seeds, fruit and spores, of a kind used for sowing\nThe marketing year for seeds shall begin on 1 July of each year and end on 30 June of the following year.\nThis Regulation shall apply without prejudice to the measures provided for by Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003.\nCHAPTER II\nTRADE WITH THIRD COUNTRIES\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Imports into the Community of any of the products listed in Article 1 may be subject to the presentation of an import licence. The products for which import licences are required shall be determined in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 10(2).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Import licences shall be issued by the Member States to any persons who so request, irrespective of their place of establishment in the Community.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Licences shall be valid for imports carried out anywhere in the Community. Their issue shall be subject to the lodging of a security guaranteeing that the products are imported during the validity period of the licence. Except in cases of force majeure, the security shall be forfeited in whole or in part if the transaction is not carried out, or is carried out only partially, within that period.\nUnless this Regulation provides otherwise, the rates of duty in the Common Customs Tariff shall apply to the products listed in Article 1.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The general rules for the interpretation of the Combined Nomenclature and the detailed rules for its application shall apply to the tariff classification of products referred to in Article 1. The tariff nomenclature resulting from the application of this Regulation shall be included in the Common Customs Tariff.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation or in provisions adopted pursuant thereto, the following shall be prohibited in trade with third countries:\n(a) the levying of any charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty;\n(b) the application of any quantitative restriction or measure having equivalent effect.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If, by reason of imports or exports, the Community market in one or more of the products listed in Article 1 is affected by, or is threatened with, serious disturbance likely to jeopardise the achievement of the objectives set out in Article 33 of the Treaty, appropriate measures may be applied in trade with non-member countries of the World Trade Organisation until such disturbance or threat of it has ceased.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the situation referred to in paragraph 1 arises, the Commission shall, at the request of a Member State or on its own initiative, decide upon the necessary measures. The Member States shall be notified of such measures, which shall be immediately applicable. If the Commission receives a request from a Member State, it shall take a decision thereon within three working days following receipt of the request.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The measures mentioned in paragraph 2 may be referred to the Council by any Member State within three working days of the day on which they are notified. The Council shall meet immediately. It may, acting by a qualified majority, amend or repeal the measures in question within one month of the day on which the measures are referred to it.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Arrangements adopted under this Article shall take account of the obligations arising from agreements concluded in accordance with Article 300(2) of the Treaty.\nCHAPTER III\nGENERAL PROVISIONS\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Save as otherwise provided in this Regulation, Articles 87, 88 and 89 of the Treaty shall apply to the production of, and trade in, the products listed in Article 1.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0However, Finland may, subject to authorisation by the Commission, grant aid respectively for certain quantities of seeds and for certain quantities of cereal seed produced solely in Finland, because of its specific climatic conditions.\nPrior to 1 January 2006, the Commission shall transmit to the Council, on the basis of the information supplied in due time by Finland, a report on the results of the aid authorised, accompanied by the necessary proposals.\nThe Member States and the Commission shall communicate to each other the information necessary for implementing this Regulation.\n0\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall be assisted by a Management Committee for Seeds (hereinafter referred to as \u2018the Committee\u2019).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 4 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.\nThe period laid down in Article 4(3) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at one month.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Committee shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.\n1\nDetailed rules on the application of this Regulation, and in particular the validity period of the licences referred to in Article 4 and the arrangements for communicating the information referred to in Article 9, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 10(2).\nCHAPTER IV\nTRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS\n2\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Regulations (EEC) No 2358/71 and (EEC) No 1674/72 are hereby repealed.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0References to Regulation (EEC) No 2358/71 shall be construed as references to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in the Annex.\n3\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 July 2006.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import policy", "seed", "common organisation of markets"], "distractor groups": ["Aragon", "foreign policy", "Northern Croatian Littoral", "Alentejo", "reparcelling", "goods and services", "Bistrita-Nasaud", "catch of fish", "Ecology Party", "export subsidy", "deregulation", "linguistic group"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "85/121/EEC: Commission Decision of 23 January 1985 relating to a proceeding under Article 11 (5) of Council Regulation No 17 (IV/C/31.163) (Only the Greek text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 January 1985\nrelating to a proceeding under Article 11 (5) of Council Regulation No 17\n(IV/C/31.163)\n(Only the Greek text is authentic)\n(85/121/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation No 17 of 6 February 1962, First Regulation implementing Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty (1), as last amended by the Act of Accession of Greece, and in particular Article 11 (5) thereof,\nWhereas:\n1. Olympic Airways AE is an airline wholly owned by the Greek Government and having its principal office at Avenue Sygros 96, Athens 404, Greece. Its main activity consists of the provision of air transport services. It also provides handling services for commercial aircraft and passengers at Greek airports. It enjoys a monopoly in the provision of these handling services. Handling services consist principally of coordinating and technical services required by an aircraft which lands and deposits passengers at an airport, such as baggage handling, marshalling of the aircraft to a point, the provision of electric power, of steps, cleaning facilities and so on.\n2. On 28 February 1984 the Commission received a complaint from the Association des Compagnie A\u0102\u0160riennes de la Communaut\u0102\u0160 (hereinafter ACE) alleging that Olympic Airways, had, by increasing its charges for handling services by nearly 50 %, abused its dominant position. ACE also complained that the manner of implementation of this price increase discriminated arbitrarily between different classes of customers.\n3. In order to determine whether the prices charged by Olympic Airways are so high as to be excessive or unfair and therefore abusive, Olympic Airways was requested, under Article 11 of Regulation No 17, to supply certain information on inter alia its costs, its monopoly or quasi-monopoly and the manner in which price increases were implemented. This letter was dated 8 May 1984, and a time limit of one month from date of receipt of the letter was indicated.\n4. By letter dated 28 May 1984 Olympic Airways stated that they did not interpret Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty as having as yet any force or application in the air transport sector. Consequently Olympic Airways could not have committed any infringement under those Articles. An incomplete and general reply was given to one of the questions asked.\n5. 1. Regulation No 17 applies to these services since they do not form part of the transport market within the meaning of Council Regulation No 141 of 26 November 1962 exempting transport from the application of Council Regulation No 17 (2). Regulation No 17 applies to all anti-competitive practices within the meaning of Articles 85 and 86 in the transport sector only in so far as Regulation No 141 does not exclude them. The anti-competitive practices excluded by Regulation No 141 were confined to certain practices consisting in the provision of air transport as such. This can be seen from the third recital of Regulation No 141 which states that 'the distinctive features of transport make it justifiable to exempt from the application of Regulation No 17 only agreements, decisions and concerted practices directly relating to the provision of transport services. Thus only certain agreements, decisions and concerted practices and, by analogy, anti-competitive practices within the meaning of Article 86, which consist in themselves in the provision of a transport service, are covered by Regulation No 141. Handling services are not as such a transport service and are therefore covered by Regulation No 17.\n2. There is no legal basis for claiming, as Olympic Airways claims, that Articles 85 and 86 do not apply to air transport.\nGiving judgment in Case 167/73 (Commission v. French Republic) (1) the Court of Justice upheld the Commission's view that, although under Article 84 (2) sea and air transport were not covered by the provisions of Title IV relating to the common transport policy until such time as the Council decided to include them, nevertheless they were, on the same basis as other modes of transport, subject to the general provisions of the Treaty. The judgment in Case 156/77 (Commission v. Belgium) (2) confirms that these provisions include in particular the competition rules. The air transport sector is accordingly subject to the provisions of Articles 85 and 86.\n6. Under Article 11 (1) of Regulation No 17, the Commission, in carrying out the duties assigned to it by Article 89 of the EEC Treaty, may obtain all necessary information from undertakings. By Article 11 (5) where an undertaking does not supply the information requested, or supplies incomplete information, the Commission shall by decision require the information to be supplied.\n7. The information which the Commission requested from Olympic Airways by its letter dated 8 May 1984 is necessary within the meaning of Article 11 (1) of Regulation No 17 in order to enable the Commission to ascertain all the facts relevant to the suspected infringement and in particular to ascertain whether the undertaking is in a dominant position in a substantial part of the common market and whether the prices charged for handling services are excessive.\n8. Having regard to the nature of the information required in its letter of 8 May 1984 and the time which Olympic Airways has already had to answer, the Commission considers it appropriate to set the time limit for the supply of information at four weeks from the date of notification of this Decision.\n9. Under Articles 15 (1) (b) and 16 (1) (c) of Regulation No 17 the Commission may by decision addressed to undertakings:\n(a) impose fines of from 100 to 5 000 ECU where, intentionally or negligently, they supply incorrect information in response to a request made pursuant to Article 11 (3) or (5) or do not supply information within the time limit fixed by a decision taken under Article 11 (5);\n(b) impose periodic penalty payments of from 50 to 1 000 ECU per day, calculated from the date appointed by the decision, in order to compel them to supply complete and correct information which it has requested by decision taken pursuant to Article 11 (5).\nIn view of the size of Olympic Airways and the circumstances of its refusal to supply information the Commission considers that, subject to any written or oral observations from Olympic Airways, a periodic payment of 1 000 ECU for each day the infringement continues would by appropriate,\nOlympic Airways is required to provide, within four weeks of the date of notification of this Decision, the information set out in the Annex.\nThis Decision is addressed to Olympic Airways AE, Avenue Sygros 96, Athens 404, Greece.\nProceedings against this Decision may be instituted in the Court of Justice of the European Communities in Luxembourg in accordance with Articles 173 and 185 of the Treaty", "answer groups": ["competition", "air transport", "monopoly", "dominant position"], "distractor groups": ["multilateral aid", "resistance of materials", "marsupial", "cohabitation", "chemistry", "living language", "holding company", "document indexing", "stockpiling of weapons", "apprenticeship", "European Monetary System"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 721/94 of 29 March 1994 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on isobutanol originating in the Russian Federation\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 721/94 of 29 March 1994 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on isobutanol originating in the Russian Federation\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1) (hereinafter referred to as the 'basic Regulation'), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the basic Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Previous action (1) By Regulation (EEC) No 2720/93 of 28 September 1993 (2), the Commission imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of isobutanol originating in the Russian Federation.\nB. Subsequent procedure (2) Following the imposition of the provisional anti-dumping duty, a major processor of isobutanol in the Community made a written submission making known its views on the findings. These arguments have been examined and taken account of where appropriate.\nC. Dumping (3) As the Russian Federation is a non-market economy country, the Commission based the determination of normal value on domestic sales prices of a market economy country, in this case the United States, in accordance with Article 2 (5) (a) (i) of the basic Regulation.\n(4) The Community user company contested this determination and claimed that United States export prices should be used instead.\n(5) In this case it was found that the United States domestic market was open and competitive, the domestic sales prices were found to be made in the ordinary course of trade and the quantities could be considered representative. Accordingly, in view of the clear preference in the basic Regulation for the use of domestic prices, there is no reason to use export prices in the present case.\nD. Injury (6) In its preliminary findings, the Commission concluded that Community industry suffered material injury from the dumped imports. This view was founded mainly on the convergence of several economic indicators such as strong decline of production and sales volume, significant loss of market share, price depression and deterioration of financial results. During the same period, imports originating from Russia increased significantly in terms of volume as well as of market share.\n(7) The processor company mentioned in recital 2 argued that the declining production of the Community industry was the consequence of the introduction, by the industry itself, of a new and more efficient production technology for oxoplants which altered the output radio of isobutanol to other products, thus making the Community industry incapable of producing volumes of isobutanol previously achieved.\n(8) It is true that Community industry deliberately reduced its production capacity. However, the reduction of production capacity of 20 % was in line with the shrinking of the market of isobutanol. By contrast, production recorded a decrease rate twice as high, i.e. 39,8 %. As a consequence, the utilization rate of production capacity dropped from 73,8 % in 1988 to 57,3 %. These figures show clearly that the Community industry continued to have considerable potential for expanding its production, but was prevented from doing so by dumped imports.\n(9) As far as the situation of the Community industry is concerned, no other arguments were put forward after the imposition of provisional duty. The Council therefore confirms the findings set out in recitals 21 to 35 of Regulation (EEC) No 2720/93.\nE. Community interest (10) The same company argued that isobutanol represented a relevant proportion of production costs of some of its intermediate products produced only in Italy and for the Italian market. For these intermediate products this company would have to face competition from producers based in Austria, Hungary and Poland for which Russian isobutanol would be available free of anti-dumping duty.\n(11) The future price development of isobutanol cannot be quantified with any accuracy. Nevertheless, in view of the high number of producers in competition to supply the Community market, it can be expected that there will continue to be considerable price competition on the market for isobutanol. Furthermore, the disadvantages to the user company have to be viewed against the background of the threat to the Community producers of being forced out of the market if no measures are taken against the dumped imports.\n(12) The user company further argued that, even if the losses on turnover of isobutanol were as high as 33,9 %, the impact on the global profitability of the oxoplant was limited to a 2 % loss, as isobutanol represented only 6 % of total turnover. Therefore isobutanol profitability could not have any influence on the decision to close down a plant.\n(13) Assuming that the figure of 2 % for the loss on the global turnover of the oxoplant production is realistic, such a loss is not negligeable. In this connection, account has to be taken of the fact that the production of other by-products is also loss-making. The negative results from the production of isobutanol are, therefore, increasing the problems of a sector which is already heavily affected by economic difficulties.\n(14) No other arguments were made with respect to Community interest. The general considerations in recitals 42 to 48 of Regulation (EEC) No 2720/93 are accordingly confirmed.\n(15) In these circumstances, it is considered that it is in the Community interest to impose definitive anti-dumping measures to eliminate the injurious effects of dumped imports.\nF. Duty (16) Provisional measures took the form of an anti-dumping duty, which was established as a fixed amount of ecus per tonne corresponding to the dumping margin. No arguments were raised concerning the method of calculating the duty. The relevant findings, as expressed in recitals 20 and 51 of Regulation (EEC) No 2720/93, are therefore confirmed. Accordingly, the amount of the definitive anti-dumping duty should be the same as the amount of the provisional duty.\nG. Collection of provisional duty (17) In view of the level of dumping margin found and the seriousness of the injury caused to the Community producers, it is considered necessary that amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty should be collected in full with regard to all imports of isobutanol originating in the Russian Federation,\n1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of isobutanol falling within CN code ex 2905 14 90 (Taric code 2905 14 90*10), originating in the Russian Federation.\n2. The duty applicable shall be a fixed amount of ECU 102 per tonne.\nThe amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duty pursuant to Regulation (EEC) No 2720/93 shall de definitely collected in full for imports of isobutanol originating in the Russian Federation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["republic", "chemical alcohol", "butane", "USSR", "anti-dumping duty"], "distractor groups": ["Midtjylland (region)", "soya bean oil", "forestry development", "Ko\u0161ice region", "non-flat product", "EAEC Treaty", "Dominican Republic", "management committee (EU)", "energy-generating product", "barge carrier ship"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/705/CFSP: Council Decision 2011/705/CFSP of 27\u00a0October 2011 repealing Decision 2010/145/CFSP renewing measures in support of the effective implementation of the mandate of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)\n28.10.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 281/27\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2011/705/CFSP\nof 27 October 2011\nrepealing Decision 2010/145/CFSP renewing measures in support of the effective implementation of the mandate of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 8 March 2010, the Council adopted Decision 2010/145/CFSP\u00a0(1) renewing measures in support of the effective implementation of the mandate of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). That Decision expires on 16 March 2012.\n(2) The aim of Decision 2010/145/CFSP is to prevent the entry into, or the transit through the territories of the Member States by persons who are engaged in activities which help persons at large to continue to evade justice for crimes for which the ICTY has indicted them or are otherwise acting in a manner which could obstruct the ICTY\u2019s effective implementation of its mandate.\n(3) On 22 July 2011, Goran HADZIC was transferred into the custody of the ICTY. He was the last ICTY indictee still at large.\n(4) Decision 2010/145/CFSP should therefore be repealed,\nDecision 2010/145/CFSP is hereby repealed.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["war crime", "Yugoslavia", "International Criminal Tribunal", "economic sanctions"], "distractor groups": ["foreign tourism", "parliamentary debate", "petrodollar", "customs regulations", "metadata", "professional ethics", "construction equipment", "isolationism", "observation", "transport infrastructure", "popularising science"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2002/1001/EC: Council Decision of 19 December 2002 on trade in certain steel products between the European Community and Ukraine\nCouncil Decision\nof 19 December 2002\non trade in certain steel products between the European Community and Ukraine\n(2002/1001/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 133 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) The Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, on the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part(1), provides in its Article 22(1), that trade in some steel products shall be the subject of a specific agreement.\n(2) The previous bilateral agreement between the ECSC and the Government of Ukraine on trade for certain steel products expired on 31 December 2001.\n(3) The Parties agreed to conclude a new agreement and the negotiations of this new agreement have not yet been completed.\n(4) The European Community (EC) has taken over the international obligations of the ECSC since the expiry of the ECSC Treaty, and measures relating to trade in steel products with third countries now fall under the competence of the EC in the field of trade policy.\n(5) Quantitative limits for the year 2002 have been fixed by Decision 2001/933/ECSC of the representatives of the Government of the Member States meeting within the Council of 19 December 2001(2).\n(6) Pending the signature and the entry into force of the new agreement, quantitative limits for the year 2003 must be established.\n(7) The Ukrainian Parliament passed a law imposing a tax of EUR 30/tonne on exports of ferrous scrap, to be applied as of 1 January 2003; this proposed tax will constitute an obstacle to the free trade of ferrous scrap and would seriously limit, if not block, exports of ferrous scrap, thereby penalising the Community steel industry and affecting adversely the Community ferrous scrap market. As a consequence, it is appropriate to reduce the quantitative limits for 2003 by 30 % compared to the quantitative limits set for 2002, pending a satisfactory solution to this issue and the conclusion of the negotiations of the new Agreement,\nDuring the period mentioned in Annex I, imports into the European Community of steel products referred to in Annex II originating in Ukraine shall be subject to licensing. Licenses shall be issued only within the limits defined in Article 2.\nImports shall be authorised, for each product group and for the whole of the Community, up to the quantitative limits indicated in Annex I.\nThe period of validity of the import licence is hereby fixed at four months. Unused or partially used import licences may be renewed for two months.\nMember States shall issue licences according to rules agreed within the Steel Liaison Committee and inform the Commission thereof immediately. The Commission shall keep the Member States regularly informed of the extent to which the quantities have been used up.\nThe Member States and the Commission shall confer in order to ensure that these quantities are not exceeded.\nThe provisions of the agreement on trade in certain steel products together with any measures to give effect to it, shall as from the date of entry into force of the agreement replace the provisions of this Decision.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities", "answer groups": ["iron and steel product", "trade agreement (EU)", "import (EU)", "Ukraine", "quantitative restriction"], "distractor groups": ["management training", "international payment", "administrative contract", "low rent", "Islamic State", "machine tool", "National Socialism", "welfare", "Eurogroup (NATO)", "digital divide"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 744/84 of 19 March 1984 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of certain ball bearings originating in Japan and Singapore\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 744/84\nof 19 March 1984\nimposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of certain ball bearings originating in Japan and Singapore\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79 of 20 December 1979 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1580/82 (2), and in particular Article 11 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) In March 1983, the Commission received a complaint lodged by the Federation of European Bearing Manufacturers' Associations (Febma) on behalf of British, French, German and Italian producers of single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with greatest external diameter of not more than 30 mm whose collective output constitutes the majority of Community production of the product in question. The complaint contained evidence of dumping and of material injury resulting therefrom.\n(2) For those ball bearings falling within the scope of this complaint which were subject to undertakings accepted in the framework of a previous anti-dumping proceeding by Commission Decision 81/406/EEC (3), the Commission decided, on the basis of this complaint and information gathered during the monitoring of these undertakings, in addition to observations of market developments, that a review was warranted.\n(3) All these elements taken together were considered sufficient by the Commission to justify the initiation of a proceeding. The Commission accordingly announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (4), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with an outside diameter of up to 30 mm falling within heading No ex 84.62 of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code ex 84.62-11 at the time of publication and to NIMEXE code ex 84.62-01 as from 1 January 1984, originating in Japan and Singapore and commenced an investigation.\n(4) Subsequent to the initiation two more Community producers, non-Febma members, supported the complaint. As a result the proceeding now covers practically all Community production with the exception of the production in the Community of subsidiaries of two Japanese exporters.\n(5) The Commission officially so advised the exporters and importers known to be concerned and the representatives of the exporting countries and the complainants and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\n(6) All known producers, exporters and importers made their views known in writing. One party concerned requested and was granted a hearing.\n(7) No submissions were made by Community purchasers of the ball bearings concerned.\n(8) The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following:\nEEC producers\n- Georg Mueller Nuernberg GmbH (GMN), Nuernberg, Germany,\n- FAG Kugelfischer Georg Schaefer, Schweinfurt, Germany,\n- Gebr. Reinfurt-Wuerzburg (GRW), Wuerzburg, Germany,\n- SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH, Schweinfurt, Germany,\n- Miniaturkugellager GmbH (MKL), Leutkirch, Germany,\n- ADR-Groupe SKF, Thomery, France,\n- Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nouvelle de Roulements (SNR), Annecy, France,\n- SKF Compagnie d'Applications M\u00e9caniques, Clamart, France,\n- RIV-SKF SpA, Torino, Italy,\n- RHP Bearings Limited, Newark, United Kingdom,\n- The Barden Corporation (UK) Ltd, Bracknell, United Kingdom;\nNon-EEC producers/exporters\n- Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan,\n- Koyo Singapore Bearing (PTE) Ltd, Singapore,\n- Minebea Group comprising:\n- Minebea Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan,\n- NMB (Japan) Corporation, Tokyo, Japan,\n- NMB Singapore Ltd, Singapore,\n- Pelmec Industries (Pte) Limited, Singapore,\n- Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp., Tokyo, Japan,\n- Nippon Seiko KK (NSK), Tokyo, Japan,\n- NTN Toyo Bearing Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan;\nEEC importers\n- Deutsche Koyo Waelzlager Verkaufsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg, Germany,\n- Koyo (UK) Ltd, Leeds, United Kingdom,\n- Koyo France, Argenteuil, France,\n- Europa-Koyo BV, Nieuwpoort, The Netherlands,\n- Nippon Miniature Bearing GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany,\n- NMB (UK) Limited, Bracknell, United Kingdom,\n- Nachi Germany GmbH, Neuss, Germany,\n- Nachi Fujikoshi (Europe) GmbH, Neuss, Germany,\n- Nachi (UK) Limited, Birmingham, United Kingdom,\n- NSK Kugellager GmbH, Ratingen, Germany,\n- NSK Bearings Europe Ltd, Edgware, United Kingdom,\n- NSK France SA, Clichy, France,\n- NSK Nederland BV, Amstelveen, The Netherlands,\n- NTN Waelzlager (Europa) GmbH, Erkrath, Germany,\n- NTN Bearings - GKN Limited, Walsall, United Kingdom,\n- NTN France SA Schweighouse-sur-Moder, France,\n- ISO Import Standard Office, Paris, France.\n(9) The Commission requested and received detailed written submissions from the complainant Community producers, exporters and importers and verified the information therein to the extent considered necessary.\n(10) The investigation of dumping covered the period 1 July 1982 to 30 June 1983.\nB. Normal value\nJAPAN\n(11) Normal value was provisionally determined on the basis of the domestic prices of those producers exporting to the EEC who provided sufficient evidence and whose prices were considered to be representative of the domestic market concerned.\nSINGAPORE\n(12) In the case of exports by the Minebea group the Commission, in seeking to determine the normal value, had to take account of the fact that there are virtually no sales of the like product on the domestic market.\n(13) The Minebea group requested that normal value be constructed on the basis of the prices at which its products exported from Singapore are first resold to an independent buyer on the Japanese market.\nThis method had to be ruled out by the Commission because it is not permitted by Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79 and, furthermore, with regard to these exports, it cannot be excluded that dumping is practised by Minebea on the Japanese market.\n(14) The Commission determined therefore that the normal value for exports to the Community from Singapore by the Minebea group should be established on the constructed value method laid down in Article 2 (3) (b) (ii) of Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79 and, in view of this, Minebea supplied information sufficient for a provisional determination of normal value.\n(15) This constructed value was computed by taking the company's total cost of materials and manufacture, including overheads, and adding a profit margin of 6 % considered to be reasonable in the light of the relevant industry's performance during a representative profitable period.\n(16) In the case of exports by Koyo Seiko, the Commission, in seeking to determine the normal value also had to take account of the fact that there are virtually no sales of the like product on the domestic market, and that Koyo Seiko did not produce in Singapore. Normal value was established therefore on the basis of the constructed value of the producer in Singapore who sold the product to Koyo Seiko for export. C. Export price\n(17) With regard to exports by one Japanese firm to an independent importer in the Community, export prices were determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the products sold.\n(18) In all other cases where exports were made to subsidiary companies in the Community, export prices were constructed on the basis of the prices at which the imported product was first resold to an independent buyer, suitably adjusted to take account of all costs incurred between importation and resale including customs duty, and of a profit margin of 6 %. This profit margin was considered reasonable in the light of the profit margins of independent importers of the product concerned and of other similar industrial products.\nD. Comparison\n(19) In comparing normal value with export prices the Commission took account, where appropriate, of differences affecting price comparability; this was the case for conditions and terms of sale where claims of a direct relationship could be satisfactorily demonstrated. All comparisons were made at ex-factory level.\nE. Margins\n(20) The above preliminary examination of the facts shows the existence of dumping in respect of exports by Koyo Seiko and Minebea from Singapore and by Koyo Seiko, Minebea, Nippon Seiko KK, Nachi Fujikoshi and NTN Toyo Bearing from Japan the margin of dumping being equal to the amount by which the normal value as established exceeds the price for export to the Community.\n(21) These margins vary according to the exporter and the importing Member State concerned, the weighted average margin for each of the exporters investigated being as follows:\nJapan:\n- Koyo Seiko 4,36 %\n- Minebea 10,20 %\n- Nippon Seiko KK 18,30 %\n- Nachi Fujikoshi 11,88 %\n- NTN Toyo Bearing 18,45 %\nSingapore:\n- Koyo Seiko 29,77 %\n- Minebea 37,44 %\n(22) For those exporters who neither replied to the Commission's questionnaire nor made themselves known otherwise in the course of the preliminary investigation, dumping was determined on the basis of the facts available. In this connection the Commission considered that the results of its investigation provided an accurate basis for determination of the level of dumping and that it would constitute a bonus for non-cooperation to assume that the dumping margin for these exporters was any lower than the highest dumping margin of 18,45 % for exports from Japan and 37,44 % for exports from Singapore determined with regard to exporters who had cooperated in the investigation. For these reasons it is considered appropriate to use these latter dumping margins for this group of exporters.\nF. Injury\n(23) With regard to the injury caused by the dumped imports, the evidence available to the Commission shows that sales of imports in the Community from Japan and Singapore of single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with greatest external diameter not more than 30 mm incresed from 22 670 000 pieces in 1979 to 26 337 000 pieces in 1982 and 18 538 000 pieces in the first half of 1983, with a consequent increase in the share of the market for those ball bearings held by the exporting countries from 17,5 % to 27,9 % in the same period. These sales were concentrated in most cases on a limited number of base types aimed mainly at high-volume consumers. The market shares of the most sold imported types are estimated at between 40,1 % and 84,5 % during the investigation period.\n(24) The weighted average resale prices of these imports undercut the prices of the Community producers during the investigation period by up to 44,8 % depending on type and market. In most cases the resale prices of these imports were lower than those required to cover the costs of Community producers and provide a reasonable profit.\n(25) The Community industry in respect of which the impact of the dumped imports must be assessed is the entire Community ball-bearing industry, part of which is specializing in the production of small-size ball bearings but which normally covers a wider range of products. Although the Italian market is protected to a certain degree against imports from Japan, but not from Singapore, by Council Regulation (EEC) No 288/82 (1), it was also included in all calculations referring to the Community industry.\n(26) The consequent impact on this Community industry has been a decline in production from 125 332 000 pieces in 1979 to 119 671 000 pieces in 1982 and 61 881 000 pieces in the first six months of 1983 representing a fall of 4,5 % between 1979 and 1982 and showing no significant improvement during the first six months of 1983.\n(27) Utilization of capacity decreased by about 19 % between 1979 and 1983 for the entire Community industry for the product in question, whereas the decrease has been even greater for those producers specializing in small ball bearings.\n(28) Sales of the ball bearings in question, produced by the Community industry, but excluding those manufactured by the Community subsidiaries of certain Japanese exporters, have decreased from 93 175 000 pieces in 1979 to 78 861 000 pieces in 1982 and 40 401 000 pieces during the first six months of 1983, representing a decrease of 13,3 % over the entire period. This resulted in a fall in market share for this industry from 72,0 % in 1979 to 60,9 % during the first six months of 1983.\n(29) The Community industry has started to incur financial losses when low-priced imports and a further lowering of these prices have led it to compete for its market share at price levels below costs.\n(30) With regard to employment, the situation with larger producers was cushioned, in part, by internal redeployment possibilities. Smaller, specialized firms have lost about 9 % of their workforce since 1979.\n(31) The Commission has considered whether injury has been caused by other factors such as imports from third countries and certain developments in demand. On the basis of evidence available, it has, however, been established that the market share held by imports from third countries was only 3,8 % in 1979 and 2,2 % during the first six months of 1983. As to development in demand, it could be established that consumption of ball bearings of up to 30 mm outside diameter was 129 478 000 pieces in 1979, increased to 139 949 000 pieces in 1980, then decreased to 126 079 000 pieces in 1981 and 122 594 000 pieces in 1982 to rise to 66 388 000 pieces in the first six months of 1983. During this period, the market share held by imports from Japan and Singapore has been increasing steadily (1979: 17,5 %; 1980: 19,3 %; 1981: 19,8 %; 1982: 21,5 % and the first six months of 1983: 27,9 %) with consequent reductions in the market share of the Community industry including sales by the Community manufacturing subsidiaries of certain Japanese exporters (1979: 78,7 %; 1980: 76,4 %; 1981: 75,5 %; 1982: 75,6 %; first six months of 1983: 69,9 %).\nIt has therefore been established that the trend of demand has affected Community production more than it has affected the dumped imports.\n(32) All these factors led the Commission to determine that the effects of the dumped imports of single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with greatest external diameter not more than 30 mm originating in Japan and Singapore, taken in isolation, have to be considered as constituting material injury to the Community industry concerned.\nG. Community interest\n(33) After having considered the interest of the Community and both the dumping and the injury provisionally established, the Commission has come to the conclusion that action should be taken.\nH. Rate of duty\n(34) Having regard to the extent of injury caused, the rates of anti-dumping duty should correspond to the margins of dumping provisionally established.\n(35) A period should be fixed within which the parties concerned may make their views known and request an oral hearing,\nDecision 81/406/EEC accepting the undertakings given by Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd, Nachi-Fujikoshi, Corp., Nippon Seiko KK and NTN Toyo Bearing Co. Ltd is hereby repealed in so far as single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with greatest external diameter of not more than 30 mm are concerned.\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of single-row deep-groove radial ball bearings with greatest external diameter not more than 30 mm, falling within heading No ex 84.62 of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code ex 84.62-01 and originating in Japan and Singapore. 2. The rate of the anti-dumping duty shall be as set out below expressed as a percentage of the price per piece net, free-at-Community-frontier, before duty.\n// Manufacturers / exporters // Rate of\nanti-dumping\nduty // - Japan: // // - Koyo Seiko Co. Ltd // 4,36 % // - Minebea Co. Ltd // 10,20 % // - Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp. // 11,88 % // - Nippon Seiko KK // 18,45 % // - NTN Toyo Bearing Co. Ltd // 18,30 % // - Others // 18,45 % // - Singapore: // // - Koyo Singapore Bearing (Pte) Ltd // 29,77 % // - Minebea Co. Ltd // 37,44 % // - Others // 37,44 % 3. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\n4. The release for free circulation in the Community of the products referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provision of a security, equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) and (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79, the parties concerned may make known their views and apply to be heard orally by the Commission within one month of the entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 14 of Regulation (EEC) No 3017/79, it shall apply for a period of four months, unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["bearing", "Singapore", "Japan", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["digital evidence", "fisheries structure", "Ecu", "improvement of housing", "energy research", "freight rate", "glass industry", "intra-EU relations", "less-favoured region", "management accounting", "barley"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2010/30/: Commission Decision of 9 December 2009 amending the list of herbal substances, preparations and combinations thereof for use in traditional herbal medicinal products (notified under document C(2009) 9703) (Text with EEA relevance)\n19.1.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 12/14\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 9 December 2009\namending the list of herbal substances, preparations and combinations thereof for use in traditional herbal medicinal products\n(notified under document C(2009) 9703)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2010/30/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 16(f) thereof,\nHaving regard to the opinions of the European Medicines Agency, formulated on 10 January 2008 and 6 March 2008 by the Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products,\nWhereas:\n(1) \u2018Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim\u2019 and \u2018Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench\u2019 comply with the requirements set out in Directive 2001/83/EC. \u2018Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim\u2019 and \u2018Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench\u2019 can be considered as herbal substances, herbal preparations or combinations thereof.\n(2) It is therefore appropriate to include \u2018Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim\u2019 and \u2018Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench\u2019 in the list of herbal substances, preparations and combinations thereof for use in traditional herbal medicinal products established in Annex I to Commission Decision 2008/911/EC\u00a0(2).\n(3) Decision 2008/911/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Medicinal Products for Human Use,\nDecision 2008/911/EC is amended as follows:\n1. Annex I is amended in accordance with Annex I to this Decision;\n2. Annex II is amended in accordance with Annex II to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["medical plant", "pharmaceutical industry", "pharmaceutical legislation", "crop production", "medicament"], "distractor groups": ["competition policy", "temporary employment", "Latin American Parliament", "Publications Office of the European Union", "separation of powers", "barge carrier ship", "Pardubice", "mineral oil", "wood fibre", "hand tool"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2563/85 of 11 September 1985 amending the arrangements for imports of certain textile products originating in Taiwan\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2563/85\nof 11 September 1985\namending the arrangements for imports of certain textile products originating in Taiwan\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3587/82 of 31 December 1982 on the arrangements for imports of certain textile products originating in Taiwan (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 853/83 (2), and in particular Article 2 (5) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1023/70 of 25 May 1970 establishing a common procedure for administering quantitative quotas (3), and in particular Article 2 thereof,\nWhereas in 1985 additional imports were required in regions of the Community for imports in 1985 of certain products of categories 35 and 67;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Quota Administration Committee set up under Council Regulation (EEC) No 1023/70,\nAdditional quantities of categories 35 and 67 products are hereby fixed and allocated to the United Kingdom, France and Benelux as indicated below:\n1.2.3.4.5.6.7 // // // // // // // // Cate- gory No // CCT heading No // NIMEXE code (1985) // Description // Unit // Member States // Additional quantity for 1985 // // // // // // // // 35 // 51.04 A IV // 51.04-10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18, 21, 23, 25, 27, 28, 32, 34, 36, 41, 48 // Woven fabrics of man-made fibres (continuous), including woven fabrics of monofil or strip falling within heading No 51.01 or 51.02: A. Woven fabrics of synthetic textile fibres: Woven fabrics of synthetic textile fibres (continuous) other than those for tyres and those containing elastomeric yarn // tonnes // UK // 100 (1) // // // // // // // // 67 // 60.05 A II b) 5 B 60.06 B II III // // Outer garments and other articles, knitted or crocheted, not elastic or rubberized: Knitted or crocheted fabric and articles thereof, elastic or rubberized (including elastic knee-caps and elastic stockings): // tonnes // BNL F // 30 (2) 20 (2) // // // 60.05-93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 60.06-92, 96, 98 // B. Other: Clothing accessories and other articles (except garments), knitted or crocheted, not elastic or rubberized; articles (other than bathing costumes) of knitted or crocheted fabric, elastic or rubberized, of wool, of cotton, or of man-made textile fibres // // // // // // 60.05-97 // a) Of which sacks and bags of a kind used for the packing of goods, made from polyethylene or polypropylene strip // // // // // // // // // //\n(1) This quantity applies only for the products of NIMEXE codes 51.04-13, 21 and 36.\n(2) These quantities apply only for the products 'covers for the heads of tennis rackets of knitted fabrics coated with plastic material' of tariff subheading 60.05 B.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["textile product", "Taiwan"], "distractor groups": ["foot-and-mouth disease", "ground staff", "direct tax", "sport", "average price", "homelessness", "tariff exemption", "ecology", "adjournment", "vineyard", "Sud-Vest Oltenia (Romania)", "EU publication", "computer system"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/899/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 21\u00a0December 2011 amending Decision 2009/861/EC on transitional measures under Regulation (EC) No\u00a0853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regard the processing of non-compliant raw milk in certain milk-processing establishments in Bulgaria (notified under document C(2011) 9568) Text with EEA relevance\n29.12.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 345/28\nCOMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION\nof 21 December 2011\namending Decision 2009/861/EC on transitional measures under Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regard the processing of non-compliant raw milk in certain milk-processing establishments in Bulgaria\n(notified under document C(2011) 9568)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2011/899/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin\u00a0(1) and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 lays down specific rules on the hygiene of food of animal origin for food business operators. Those rules include hygiene requirements for raw milk and dairy products.\n(2) Commission Decision 2009/861/EC\u00a0(2) provides for certain derogations from the requirements set out in subchapters II and III of Chapter I of Section IX of Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 for the milk-processing establishments in Bulgaria listed in that Decision. That Decision applies until 31 December 2011.\n(3) Accordingly, certain milk-processing establishments listed in Annex I to Decision 2009/861/EC may, by way of derogation from the relevant provisions of Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, process compliant and non-compliant milk provided that the processing of compliant and non-compliant milk is carried out on separate production lines. In addition, certain milk-processing establishments listed in Annex II to that Decision may process non-compliant milk without separate production lines.\n(4) Bulgaria has informed the Commission that, since the entry into force of Decision 2009/861/EC, the proportion of raw milk that complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, delivered to milk-processing establishments in that Member State, has considerably increased. Bulgaria has also established an action plan aimed at covering the entire production chain of milk in that Member State ensuring compliance with the EU rules.\n(5) However, according with the report submitted by Bulgaria on the basis of Article 5 of Decision 2009/861/EC and on the information provided by Bulgarian authorities during the Standing Committee of Food Chain and Animal Health of 17 October 2011, the situation of the milk sector in Bulgaria is still not in conformity with the requirements laid down in Regulation (EC) No 853/2004.\n(6) Taking into account the current situation, and in order to avoid frustrating the efforts made by the Bulgarian authorities, it is appropriate to extend the application of the measures provided for in Decision 2009/861/EC.\n(7) Bulgaria should continue the process of bringing the raw milk processed by the establishments listed in the Annexes to Decision 2009/861/EC, in compliance with the requirements laid down in Regulation (EC) No 853/2004.\n(8) In particular, Bulgaria should continue to monitor the situation and submit to the Commission regular reports on progress towards full compliance with those requirements. Based on the conclusions of those reports, appropriate measures should be taken.\n(9) Decision 2009/861/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(10) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nDecision 2009/861/EC is amended as follows:\n1. in Article 2, the date \u201831 December 2011\u2019 is replaced by \u201831 December 2013\u2019;\n2. in Article 3, the date \u201831 December 2011\u2019 is replaced by \u201831 December 2013\u2019;\n3. Article 5 is replaced by the following:\n(a) production holdings producing non-compliant milk;\n(b) the system for collecting and transporting non-compliant milk.\n4. in Article 6, the date \u201831 December 2011\u2019 is replaced by \u201831 December 2013\u2019;\n5. Annexes I and II are replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["raw milk", "Bulgaria", "food processing", "dairy industry", "transitional period (EU)", "food hygiene"], "distractor groups": ["multiparty system", "North Brabant", "legislative initiative", "economic system", "secretariat of an Institution", "dual-use good", "grassland", "Barents Sea", "employment policy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01183/2006 of 24 July 2006 concerning the Community scale for the classification of carcasses of adult bovine animals (codified version)\n4.8.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 214/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1183/2006\nof 24 July 2006\nconcerning the Community scale for the classification of carcasses of adult bovine animals\n(codified version)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 37 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee\u00a0(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) Council Regulation (EEC) No 1208/81 of 28 April 1981 determining the Community scale for the classification of carcasses of adult bovine animals\u00a0(3) has been substantially amended\u00a0(4). In the interests of clarity and rationality the said Regulation should be codified.\n(2) A Community grading scale for the classification of carcasses of adult bovine animals should be applied for recording prices and for intervention in the beef and veal sector.\n(3) The classification of carcasses of adult bovine animals should be made on the basis of conformation and the degree of fat cover. The combination of these two criteria enables carcasses to be divided into classes. Carcasses thus classified should be identified.\n(4) In order to ensure the uniform application of this Regulation in the Community, provision should be made for on-the-spot checks by a Community inspection committee,\nThis Regulation provides for a Community classification scale for the carcasses of adult bovine animals.\nFor the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:\n(a) \u2018carcass\u2019: the whole body of a slaughtered animal as presented after bleeding, evisceration and skinning, presented:\n\u2014 without the head and without the feet; the head shall be separated from the carcass at the atloido-occipital joint and the feet shall be severed at the carpametacarpal or tarsometatarsal joints,\n\u2014 without the organs contained in the thoracic and abdominal cavities with or without the kidneys, the kidney fat and the pelvic fat,\n\u2014 without the sexual organs and the attached muscles and without the udder or the mammary fat;\n(b) \u2018half-carcass\u2019: the product obtained by separating the carcass referred to in point (a) symmetrically through the middle of each cervical, dorsal, lumbar and sacral vertebra and through the middle of the sternum and the ischiopubic symphysis.\nFor the purpose of establishing market prices, the carcass shall be presented without the removal of external fat, the neck being cut in accordance with veterinary requirements:\n\u2014 without kidneys, kidney fat, or pelvic fat,\n\u2014 without thin skirt or thick skirt,\n\u2014 without the tail,\n\u2014 without the spinal cord,\n\u2014 without cod fat,\n\u2014 without fat on the inside of topside,\n\u2014 without jugular vein and the adjacent fat.\nHowever, Member States shall be authorised to accept different presentations when this reference presentation is not used.\nIn such instances, the adjustments necessary to progress from those presentations to the reference presentation shall be determined in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 43(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in beef and veal\u00a0(5).\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Without prejudice to the intervention rules applying, the carcasses of adult bovine animals shall be divided into the following categories:\nA. carcasses of uncastrated young male animals of less than two years of age;\nB. carcasses of other uncastrated male animals;\nC. carcasses of castrated male animals;\nD. carcasses of female animals that have calved;\nE. carcasses of other female animals.\nCriteria shall be laid down for differentiating between categories of carcasses in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 43(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The carcasses of adult bovine animals shall be classified by successive assessment of:\n(a) conformation, as defined in Annex I;\n(b) fat cover, as defined in Annex II.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The conformation class designated in Annex I by the letter S may be used by Member States to take account, through the optional introduction of a conformation class superior to the existing classes (double-muscled carcasses), of the characteristics or expected development of a particular form of production.\nMember States which intend to make use of this possibility shall notify the Commission and the other Member States accordingly.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Member States shall be authorised to subdivide each of the classes provided for in Annexes I and II into a maximum of three subclasses.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Carcasses or half-carcasses shall be classified as soon as possible after slaughter and such classification shall be carried out in the slaughterhouse itself.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The classified carcasses or half-carcasses shall be identified.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Before identification by marking, Member States shall be authorised to have the external fat removed from the carcasses or half-carcasses if this is justified by the fat cover.\nThe conditions in which removal of the external fat will be applied shall be determined in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 43(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0On-the-spot inspections shall be carried out by a Community inspection committee composed of experts from the Commission and experts appointed by the Member States. This Committee shall report back to the Commission on the inspections carried out.\nThe Commission shall, if appropriate, take the measures necessary to ensure that the classification is carried out in a uniform manner.\nThose inspections shall be carried out on behalf of the Community, which shall bear the resulting costs.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The detailed rules for applying paragraph 1 shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 43(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1254/1999.\nAdditional provisions specifying the definition of the classes of conformation and fat cover shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 43(2) of Regulation (EC) No\u00a01254/1999.\nRegulation (EEC) No 1208/81 shall be repealed.\nReferences to the repealed Regulation shall be construed as references to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table given in Annex IV.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["cattle", "codification of EU law", "agricultural product nomenclature", "common organisation of markets", "meat processing industry", "carcase"], "distractor groups": ["takeover bid", "commercial farming", "EC conformity marking", "non-durable goods", "intervention agency", "parental leave", "European fisheries fund", "UN Population Fund", "conglomerate"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "86/193/EEC: Commission Decision of 23 May 1986 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of electronic typewriters originating in Taiwan\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 May 1986\nterminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of electronic typewriters originating in Taiwan\n(86/193/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas;\nA. Procedure\n1. In October 1985 the Commission received a complaint lodged by the Confederation of European Typewriter Manufacturers (CETMA) on behalf of German and Italian producers of electronic typewriters representing substantially all Community production of the product in question. The complaint contained evidence of dumping and of material injury resulting therefrom which was considered sufficient to justify the opening of the proceeding which was accordingly announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2). The proceeding concerned all kinds of electronic typewriters falling within Common Customs Tariff subheadings ex 84.51 A or ex 84.52 B, corresponding to NIMEXE codes 84.51 ex 12, ex 14, ex 19 and ex 20, and 84.52 ex 95, originating in Taiwan.\n2. The Commission officially so advised the exporter and import known to be concerned and the complainants and gave the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\n3. One producer/exporter made its views known in writing.\n4. No submissions were made by Community purchasers of the product in question.\n5. The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out an investigation at the premises of Brother International Europe Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom.\n6. The investigation of dumping covered the period 1 January to 31 December 1985.\nB. Result of the investigation\n7. The investigation has established that, during the period investigated, imports of the product in question were declared, for customs purposes as being of Taiwanese origin and were sold in the Community on this basis.\n8. Although the electronic typewriters referred to above were shipped from Taiwan to the Community, it was ascertained during the investigation that the operation carried out in Taiwan were not sufficient to confer Taiwanese origin on the products within the meaning of Council Regulation (EEC) No 802/68 (3); the cost of these operations was found to be less than that which would constitute the last major transformation required by Regulation (EEC) No 802/68 to confer Taiwanese origin on the goods in question.\n9. In the absence therefore of imports of electronic typewriters of Taiwanese origin during the period under investigation, the proceeding should be terminated,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of electronic typewriters falling within Common Customs Tariff subheadings ex 84.51 A or ex 84.52 B, corresponding to NIMEXE codes 84.51 ex 12, ex 14, ex 19 and ex 20, and 84.52 ex 95, originating in Taiwan, is hereby terminated", "answer groups": ["electronic device", "Taiwan", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["Cluj", "EFICS", "budget deficit", "waste recycling", "euro", "bracket rate", "atom", "mode of transport", "painting", "building plot", "transition economy", "national"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "93/48/EEC: Commission Decision of 21 December 1992 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (IV/33.031 - Fiat/Hitachi) (Only the English and Italian texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 21 December 1992 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (IV/33.031 - Fiat/Hitachi) (Only the English and Italian texts are authentic)\n(93/48/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation No 17 of 6 February 1962, First Regulation implementing Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty (1), as last amended by the Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal, and in particular Article 6 and 8 thereof,\nHaving regard to the notification and application for negative clearance submitted on 23 December 1988 by Fiat Geotech Technolgie per la Terra SpA and Hitachi Construction Machinery Ltd concerning a joint venture, as well as the amendment thereto submitted on 12 June 1992,\nHaving regard to the summary of the notification published (2) pursuant to Article 19 (3) of Regulation No 17,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee on Restrictive Practices and Dominant Positions,\nWhereas:\nI. THE FACTS\n(1) On 23 December 1988 the Commission was requested to give negative clearance for, or, alternatively, to exempt pursuant to Article 85 (3), a joint venture for the manufacture, distribution and sale of hydraulic excavators and related products.\nThe parties\n(2) The notifying parties are Fiat Geotech Tecnologie per la Terra SpA (Fiat) and Hitachi Construction Machinery Co. Ltd (Hitachi). Fiat is a subsidiary of Fiat SpA of Turin. Hitachi is a subsidiary of Hitachi Limited of Japan.\nThe product and market\n(3) The principal product involved is hydraulic excavators of between 10,5 and 45 tonnes. These are medium to large excavators used mainly in road construction, large public works contracts and in mines and quarries.\n(4) Such excavators form part of the wider earthmoving machinery market which includes six other types of equipment (wheel loaders, crawler loaders, backhoe loaders, dozers, graders and scrapers). They are sold throughout the world, and although there are local markets, the more important customers which, however, represent only 10 % of the market, are international contracting firms that may buy anywhere in the world for use anywhere in the world.\n(5) After the worldwide recession in the early 1980s, when there was a drop in demand of about 35 %, the earthmoving machinery market seems to be on a slight rise or, at least, to have stabilized. Market changes have, however, influenced the structure of producers operating throughout the sector, which means that some companies have left the sector, joint ventures and mergers have been entered into to cope with new market conditions, certain plants of companies still in business following the setting up of joint ventures have been closed down and some producers have acquired plants abroad in order to be present directly in strategic markets. Within the Community the 8 largest manufacturers have 72 % of the market; the market leader has about 18 %. Fiat is in fifth place while Hitachi is not a full-line producer present in all product lines.\n(6) Analysis of the earthmoving machinery market structure shows up separate subsectors which have, to some extent, developed differently over recent years. As regards the hydraulic excavator subsector in particular, it has grown as a percentage of machines produced in the entire sector. Although the number of units sold show a decline, the sales of such excavators have held up relatively well compared with the sales of other types of earthmoving machinery.\n(7) The Community market is second in the world for excavators (with approximately 20 % of world sales) after the Japanese market; about 15 % of the excavators sold in the Community are produced outside.\n(8) There are many producers of hydraulic excavators. Within the Community the 8 largest manufacturers have 75 % of the market. The market leader has nearly 15 %. Fiat, having sixth place within the Community, has a very uneven penetration with a large share above all in Italy, followed by Spain and France, and little elsewhere. Hitachi is in eighth place, and has a substantial presence only in the United Kingdom, Ireland and The Netherlands. Fiat and Hitachi combined had fourth place with about 12 % of the market, which tey expect to rise to some [. . .] % (3) following the creation of the joint venture. There are many smaller producers, most of them operating on a local basis, with about 15 % of the market. At present European manufacturers produce small quantities using components bought in from other suppliers. Even leading European manufacturers rely primarily on external suppliers for components. This is due to low output, as well as to the characteristics of the product and the manufacturers is based not su much on product innovation and price as on product diversification between manufacturers, who cater for the specific market requirements in their own main countries or areas of operation.\n(9) The joint venture also makes hydraulic calinders, which are used as components of hydraulic excavators, but also of other earthmoving machinery, either for incorporation in the joint venture's principal products or for sale. In addition, the arrangements concern the purchase of parts for incorporation in and the sale of spare parts for the principal product, and may involve the manufacture and/or distribution of other earthmoving or construction machinery. Many of the parts or components used in excavators, for example the motors, are also used in a wide variety of other products.\nThe arrangements\n(10) The notified agreements provide for the formation of a joint venture company called Fiat-Hitachi Excavators SpA (Fiat-Hitachi), based in Italy. It began trading by taking over the existing Fiat range of excavators and cylinders, but developed a new Fiat-Hitachi range using Hitachi technology. The joint venture also organized the integration of the marketing structures and networks of Fiat and Hitachi in the countries indicated as exclusive joint-venture countries.\n(11) The joint venture has an exclusive market covering Western Europe (including the whole of the Community), the Mediterranean basin and Africa. It has non-exclusive access to the USA (where Hitachi has a joint venture with Deere) and the former Comecon countries. It has no access to the rest of the world which is the exclusive territory of Hitachi (other than for the right of Fiat to continue to produce and sell its non-Hitachi design excavators through Fiatallis Latino-Americana).\n(12) Both Fiat and Hitachi license their relevant technology to the joint venture. The Fiat licence makes Fiat Hitachi joint owners of the technology with Fiat. The Hitachi licence is exclusive for the joint venture's exclusive market, and non-exclusive elsewhere. These licences are perpetual and irrevocable.\n(13) After discussion with the services of the Commission, the parties have undertaken that, in so far as the Community is concerned, the agreements allow passive sales into the other's exclusive territory. This undertaking has been incorporated into the agreements. This means, in so far as the Community is concerned, that although Hitachi will not seek to sell to Community-based contractors or other undertakings, it will accept orders coming from such purchasers.\n(14) The arrangements provide for the joint venture to buy all its motors from Iveco (which is part of the Fiat group) and all hydraulics which it does not manufacture itself from Hitachi.\n(15) The two parent companies undertake that should they decide to manufacture and/or sell, on the joint venture's exclusive market any type of earthmoving machinery not then manufactured or marketed, each of them grant to the other first refusal right to realize such initiative together for the manufacture of such products through Fiat-Hitachi or by some other form of cooperation.\n(16) The arrangements include a minority participation by the Sumitomo Corporation in the joint venture. They also include provisions for the joint venture to buy plant, materials and components through Sumitomo, but at the joint venture's option rather than exclusively.\n(17) The term of the joint venture runs until 2001, and is renewable. The various exclusivities remain in force until the end of that year.\nThe parties' submissions\n(18) The parties ask for negative clearance claiming that, as Fiat is withdrawing from the market, Fiat and Hitachi are no longer competitors.\n(19) Alternatively, the parties ask for an exemption under Article 85 (3). They argue that:\n- the agreements will lead to technologically-advanced products,\n- distribution and after-sales service will be improved,\n- the market share of the joint venture for 1988 is estimated at only some [. . .] % in the Community as a whole,\n- the agreements will, therefore, result in benefits for the consumer in terms of price, quality and reliability,\n- all the potentially restrictive provisions of the agreements are indispensable to achieving the objectives; in particular, the joint venture will be free to use all technology after the expiry of the relevant licences.\nII. LEGAL ASSESSMENT\nArticle 85\n(1)\n(20) The creation of the joint venture Fiat-Hitachi does not constitute a concentration within the meaning of Article 3 (2), second subparagraph of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 of 21 December 1989 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (4). Fiat and Hitachi were actual competitors in Europe and worldwide before they entered into the agreement to create their joint venture. They have remained at least potential competitors thereafter. Hitachi operates on the same product markets as Fiat-Hitachi in Japan and in the Far East and indirectly, through its joint venture with Deere, also in the USA. Fiat continues to develop, manufacture and sell its product range based on its own technology through Fiatallis Latino-Americana and to operate in the other subsectors of the earthmoving machinery market. Both parent companies have retained their technolgies for the production of hydraulic excavators and components and merely granted a licence to their joint venture and the relevant agreements are to terminate in the event of liquidation of the joint venture. As exclusive suppliers of motors and hydraulics, they are furthermore actively interested in the production and marketing acitivities of Fiat-Hitachi. Under these circumstances, the joint venture has to be qualified as cooperative in nature. Its creation would have led to coordination of competitive behaviour between the parent companies, on the one hand, and between the parent companies and the joint venture on the other hand, even if the parties had not included restrictive clauses in their contractual arrangements.\n(21) The parties have put together their European hydraulic excavator manufacturing and distribution activities. By agreeing not to compete with their joint venture, they have furthermore excluded any competition with each other and with the joint venture in the latter's contractual territory.\n(22) The agreement gives Fiat-Hitachi an exclusive territory covering the whole of the Community, while excluding it from Hitachi'y home market, Japan, and from the Far East. This constitutes a ban on active imports by Hitachi into the Community.\n(23) The creation of the joint venture is expected to give Fiat and Hitachi a captive market for components for 16 % of the excavators sold within the Community.\n(24) These provisions in the agreements will have as their object or effect to appreciably restrict competition within the meaning of Article 85 (1) of the Treaty.\nArticle 85\n(3)\n(25) The joint venture will develop better excavators than were currently being produced by Fiat and Hitachi separately, as each party will incorporate technically better components at its disposal. In addition, the merging of the separate and largely complementary distribution systems of Fiat and Hitachi improves the distribution of the resulting product.\n(26) The joint venture is expected to have 16 % of the Community market for excavators. This will not give it a dominant position in this market. Moreover, it should be more effective than either Fiat and Hitachi separately, and, therefore, the creation of the joint venture will bring about a more balanced market structure and the joint venture will in future operate throughout the Community. In consequence, the pruchasers of tractors should also benefit from the improvements in the products and of their distribution.\n(27) Although the exclusive purchasing provisions, described in recital 14, foreclose sales opportunities for third party manufacturers of motors and hydraulics, this restriction results from the setting up of the joint venture and appears to be reasonably necessary to its operation. In addition to that, the restriction will not have the effect of eliminating competition in respect of a substantial part of the products in question. In effect, even if third party manufacturers were to offer terms such that, in the absence of such provisions, the joint venture might be led to purchase from them rather than from its parent companies, these manufacturers will still have access to a large market comprising not only other manufacturers of hydraulic excavators but also manufacturers of the wide variety of products in which such motors and hydraulics are incorporated.\n(28) With the undertaking referred to in recital 13, the provisions on distribution as described above also appear to be no more than is necessary to allow the joint venture to function.\n(29) The notified agreements therefore meet the requirements for exemption pursuant to Article 85 (3).\n(30) The agreements will continue in force in their present form until the end of 2001. They were notified to the Commission on 23 December 1988. It appears appropriate therefore, pursuant to Articles 6 (1) and 8 (1) of Regulation No 17, to grant such an exemption for a period of 13 years with effect from that date,\n Article 1\nPursuant to Article 85 (3) of the EEC Treaty, the provisions of Article 85 (1) are hereby declared inapplicable for the period from 23 December 1988 to 31 December 2001 to the joint venture agreement creating Fiat-Hitachi Excavators SpA and the related agreements notified to the Commission on 23 December 1988. Article 2\nThis Decision is addressed to:\nFiat Geotech Technologie per la Terra SpA,\nViale delle Nazioni, 55,\nI-41 100 Modena;\nHitachi Construction Machinery Ltd,\n62 Ohtemachi 2 Chome,\nChiyoda-Ku,\nTokyo, Japan", "answer groups": ["restriction on competition", "Italy", "merger control", "joint venture", "Japan", "construction equipment"], "distractor groups": ["APEC countries", "transatlantic relations", "residence", "Finland", "Central American Common Market", "European Forest Institute", "clock and watch industry", "farm return", "surgeon"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1937/90 of 4 July 1990 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics originating in the people's Republic of China, and accepting an undertaking offered by the exporter\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 1937/90\nof 4 July 1990\nimposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics originating in the People's Republic of China, and accepting an undertaking offered by the exporter\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Articles 10 and 11 thereof,\nAfter consultations within the Advisory Committee as provided for in the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) In September 1989, the Commission received a complaint lodged by the International Association of Users of Yarn of Man-made Fabrics and of Natural Silk (Aiuffass) on behalf of Spinnhuette GmbH & Co., KG Seidentechnik, a company representing the entire Community production of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics.\nThe complaint contained evidence of dumping and of resulting material injury, which was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding. The Commission accordingly announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (2) the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Community of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics, falling within CN codes ex 5007 10 00, ex 5007 20 10, and ex 5007 20 21 and originating in the People's Republic of China, and commenced an investigation.\n(2) The Commission officially so advised the exporters and importers known to be concerned, the representatives of the exporting country and the complainant. It sent questionnaires to the parties directly concerned and also gave them the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to request a hearing.\n(3) All of the known interested parties, the Community producer, an independent importer and the exporter, returned the questionnaire duly completed to the Commission. The exporter and the importer also made known their views in writing. The exporter requested and was granted a hearing.\n(4) The Commission verified the information received to the extent it deemed to be necessary for the purposes of a preliminary determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following companies:\n(a) Community producer:\nSpinnhuette GmbH & Co., KG Seidentechnik, Celle, Germany;\n(b) Community importer:\nH. Delacamp GmbH & Co., KG, Hamburg, Germany.\n(5) The investigation of dumping covered the period from 1 January 1989 to 30 September 1989.\nB. PRODUCT UNDER CONSIDERATION\n(6) The product subject to investigation is a plain woven silk fabric made out of raw silk of a weight of 40 g/m2 or more but not exceeding 50 g/m2. The product is used by the office supplies industry for inking and for the further manufacture of typewriter ribbon spools.\n(7) With respect to the physical and technical characteristics, the uses and the markets for this product, the Commission has concluded that the Chinese imports are like products to those produced in the Community, within the meaning of Article 2 (12) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88.\nC. DUMPING\n(8) In order to establish whether the imports originating in the People's Republic of China were dumped, the Commission had to take account of the fact that this country does not have a market economy and the Commission therefore had to base its determination on the normal value in a market economy country.\n(9) The complainant had claimed that the Community producer and the Chinese producer are the only producers of the product in question in the world. This information has not been contested by any interested party during the investigation and so the normal value was determined, in accordance with Article 2 (5) (c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, by reference to the prices actually paid or payable in the Community, duly adjusted to include a profit margin of 5 %, considered to be reasonable for this product.\n(10) Export prices were determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the products sold for export to the Community.\n(11) In comparing normal value with export prices, the Commission took account, where appropriate, of differences affecting price comparability. Such as physical characteristics, payment terms, transport and insurance costs. All comparisons were trade at an ex-works level.\n(12) The examination of the facts shows that imports of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics originating in the People's Republic of China were being dumped, the margin of dumping being equal to the amount by which the normal value as established exceeds the price for export to the Community. The weighted average dumping margin for the exporter, as a percentage of the cif price of the product at the Community frontier, was 47,2 %.\nD. INJURY\n(a) Volume and price of imports\n(13) With regard to the injury, the Commission has established that imports into the Community from the People's Republic of China of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics, in volume terms, fell during the period 1986 to 1988 but that in the first nine months of 1989 the level of imports was equivalent to that for all the preceeding year 1988. As a result, the market share of the exporter, which had remained almost constant during 1986 to 1988, increased in absolute terms by 6 % during the first nine months of 1989. These products are imported into the Federal Republic of Germany by an importer, who subsequently re-sells throughout the Community, although the Federal Republic of Germany is the main market for these products, representing over 80 % of total Community consumption.\n(14) The weighted average resale prices of these imports undercut the prices of the Community producer during the investigation period by between 10 to 15 % and were lower than those required to cover the costs of the Community producer and to provide a reasonable profit. The level of the import prices also deprived the Community producer of price increases which normally would have occurred during this same time period from the increasing costs of its raw materials.\n(b) Impact on the Community industry\n(15) Over the period from 1986 to 1988, production, capacity utilization and sales declined for the Community industry although market share remained stable. However, for the first nine months of 1989, there was a significant deterioration in all these factors with a reduction of market share of 6 %. The Community producer, which had operated with reasonable profit margins in 1987 and 1988, began to generate financial losses in 1989 and had therefore to reduce its level of employment with the introduction of short time working for its remaining employees.\n(c) Causality\n(16) Given the development of the increase in volume and the gain of market share of the dumped imports, the decline in sales and loss of market share of the Community industry during the first nine months of 1989 and the fact that prices of the dumped imports have undercut and suppressed the prices of the Community industry, the Commission has concluded that the injury suffered by the Community industry was caused by the effect of dumped imports, originating in the People's Republic of China, into the Community.\n(17) The Commisson examined whether other factors might have been responsible for the injury to the Community industry. There are no imports originating in other third countries. Consumption in the Community of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics has been falling steadily in the Community by approximately 10 % per annum. Whereas this trend in consumption can explain the decrease in sales of the Community producer during the period in which injury has been examined, it cannot explain the significant loss of market share in the first nine months of 1989, which is clearly paralleled by an increase in market share by the exporter. Equally the Community producer was profitable in the years 1987 and 1988 when consumption was also declining, and therefore the Commission does not consider that falling consumption has contributed to the injury found.\n(d) Conclusion\n(18) In these circumstances, the Commission has concluded that the volume of Chinese dumped imports, and the prices at which they are offered for sale in the Community, taken in isolation, have to be considered as causing material injury to the Community industry concerned.\nE. COMMUNITY INTEREST\n(19) Although the requirements of the Community for silk typewriter ribbon are not great and are diminishing, there is and will continue to be a demand for this product in the Community. It would not be in the Community's interest for there to be a sole supplier of this product. The material injury caused to the Community producer by the dumped imports puts its survival at risk. Any protective measures should not however lead to the withdrawal of Chinese imports from the market or eliminate competition between these imports and Community production. The Community producer is in the weaker competitive position, quite apart from the fact that it is suffering from the dumping from China, since it is dependent on China for its supplies of raw silk. The Commission considers that the Community interest would best be protected by the imposition of a provisional anti-dumping duty and the acceptance of a price undertaking which should ensure the maintenance of effective competition between the two suppliers.\n(20) The Commission considers that the situation warrants the imposition of provisional measures at this stage of the proceeding in order to prevent further injury being caused during the remainder of the proceeding.\nF. MEASURES\nPrice undertaking\n(21) The only known exporter of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics, China National Silk Import and Export Corporation - Zhejiang Branch, requested and was informed of the main conclusions of the investigation; it submitted its comments and subsequently offered a price undertaking.\n(22) This undertaking has the effect of raising prices by an amount which in no case exceeds the dumping margin established but which is sufficient to remove the injury caused to the Community industry, since the price of the imports plus the importer's costs and profit is thereby raised to the level of a selling price at which the Community producer can make a reasonable profit. It is, moreover, possible to monitor and control that this undertaking is respected. Under these circumstances, the undertaking offered is considered acceptable and the investigations can be terminated for the exporter concerned without imposing an anti-dumping duty.\nIn addition, where there is reason to believe that the undertaking has been violated, provisional and definitive duties may be imposed based on the facts established before the acceptance of the undertaking.\nThis solution met with no objection within the Advisory Committee.\nDuty\n(23) On the basis of the information available, the Commission believes that the exporter, who has offered an undertaking, currently represents all Chinese exports of the pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics to the Community. However, in order to safeguard the effectiveness of the undertaking and to prevent possible circumvention by the appearance of other exporters in the future, a provisional anti-dumping duty should be imposed.\n(24) The Commission considered that this duty should be based on the facts established in the investigation period for the exporter who fully cooperated in the investigation. Consequently, having regard to the extent of the injury caused, the rate of such a duty should be less than the dumping margin provisionally established but adequate to remove the injury caused. Having taken into account the selling price needed to provide an adequate profit (5 % margin on the sales price for this product) for the Community producer and the purchase price of the Community importer and their costs and profit margin, the Commission determined the amount of duty necessary to eliminate the injury to be 24,6 % of the net free-at-Community-frontier price, not cleared through customs. The Commission considered that, to ensure the effectiveness of the protective measures and to facilitate customs clearance, the provisional duty should take the form of an ad valorem duty.\nG. TIME LIMIT\n(25) Following the imposition of the provisional anti-dumping duty, a period should be fixed within which the interested parties may make their views known and apply to be heard orally by the Commission.\n1. A provisional anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics falling within CN codes ex 5007 10 00 (Taric code: 5007 10 00 91), ex 5007 20 10 (Taric code: 5007 20 10 91) and ex 5007 20 21 (Taric code: 5007 20 21 91) and originating in the People's Republic of China.\n2. The rate of duty shall be 24,6 % of the net free-at-Community-frontier price, not cleared through customs (Taric additional code: 8466).\n3. The duty shall not apply to the products referred to in paragraph 1, produced and exported by China National Silk Import & Export Corporation - Zhejiang Branch (Taric additional code: 8465). 4. For the purposes of this Regulation, a pure silk typewriter ribbon fabric means a plain woven silk fabric made out of raw silk of a weight of 40 g/m2 or more but not exceeding 50 g/m2.\n5. The provisions in force with regard to customs duties shall apply.\n6. The release for free circulation in the Community of the product originating in the People's Republic of China referred to in paragraph 1 shall be subject to the provision of a security equivalent to the amount of the provisional duty.\nThe undertaking offered by China National Silk Import and Export Corporation - Zhejiang Branch, in connection with the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of pure silk typewriter ribbon fabrics fallen within CN codes ex 5007 10 00 ex 5007 20 10 and ex 5007 20 21 and originating in the People's Republic of China is hereby accepted.\nThe investigation in connection with the anti-dumping proceeding referred to in Article 2 is hereby terminated in respect of the Company China National Silk Import & Export Corporation - Zhejiang Branch.\nWithout prejudice to Article 7 (4) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the parties concerned may make their views known in writing and request a hearing from the Commission within one month from the entry into force of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nSubject to Articles 11, 12 and 13 of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, Article 1 of this Regulation shall apply for a period of four months, unless the Council adopts definitive measures before the expiry of that period.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["silk", "dumping", "China", "office equipment"], "distractor groups": ["craft business", "vegetable fats", "EU-NATO cooperation", "cereals of bread-making quality", "rescheduling of public debt", "hydroelectric development", "culture", "foreign trade", "language skills", "penal institution", "oil refining"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1509/2003 of 27 August 2003 opening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of 82500 tonnes of barley held by the German intervention agency\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 1509/2003\nof 27 August 2003\nopening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of 82500 tonnes of barley held by the German intervention agency\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 of 30 June 1992 on the common organisation of the market in cereals(1), as last amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1104/2003(2), and in particular Article 5(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 of 28 July 1993 laying down the procedure and conditions for the sale of cereals held by intervention agencies(3), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1630/2003(4), provides in particular that cereals held by intervention agencies are to be sold by tendering procedure at prices preventing market disturbance.\n(2) Germany still has intervention stocks of barley.\n(3) Because of the difficult weather conditions in much of the Community, cereals production has been significantly reduced in the 2003/2004 marketing year. This situation has resulted in high prices locally, causing particular difficulties for livestock holdings and the feedingstuffs industry, which are finding it hard to obtain supplies at competitive prices.\n(4) It is therefore appropriate to make stocks of barley held by the German intervention agency available on the internal market, which had earlier been destined for export under Commission Regulation (EC) No 668/2001(5), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1093/2003(6), and to repeal that Regulation.\n(5) To take account of the situation on the Community market, provision should be made for the Commission to manage this invitation to tender; in addition, provision must be made for an award coefficient for tenders offering the minimum selling price.\n(6) When the German intervention agency notifies the Commission, the tenderers should remain anonymous.\n(7) With a view to modernising management, the information required by the Commission should be sent by electronic mail.\n(8) The Management Committee for Cereals has not issued an opinion by the time limit laid down by its Chairman,\n1. The German intervention agency shall open a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of 82500 tonnes of barley held by it.\n2. The regions in which the barley is stored are listed in Annex I hereto.\nThe sale provided for in Article 1 shall take place in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93.\nHowever, notwithstanding the above Regulation:\n(a) tenders shall be drawn up on the basis of the actual quality of the lot to which they apply;\n(b) the minimum selling price shall be set at a level which does not disturb the cereals market.\nNotwithstanding Article 13(4) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 the tender security shall be set at EUR 10 per tonne.\n1. The closing date for the submission of tenders for the first partial tendering procedure shall be 18 September 2003 at 09.00 (Brussels time).\n2. The closing dates for the submission of tenders for subsequent partial tendering procedures shall be each Thursday at 09.00 (Brussels time).\n3. The closing date for the submission of tenders for the last partial tendering procedure shall be 18 December 2003 at 09.00 (Brussels time).\nTenders must be lodged with the German intervention agency: Bundesanstalt f\u0102\u017ar Landwirtschaft und Ern\u0102\u00a4hrung\n(BLE)\nAdickesallee 40 D - 60322 Frankfurt am Main ( Telex: 4-11475, 4-16044 ).\nThe German intervention agency shall send the Commission the proposals received, no later than two hours after the expiry of the time limit for submitting tenders. They must be sent in accordance with the model and to the electronic address contained in Annex II hereto.\nThe Commission shall set the minimum selling price or decide not to award any quantities. In the event that tenders are submitted for the same lot and for a quantity larger than that available, the Commission may fix this price separately for each lot.\nWhere tenders are made at the minimum selling price, the Commission may fix an award coefficient for the quantities offered at the same time as it fixes the minimum selling price.\nThe Commission shall decide in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 23 of Regulation (EC) No 1766/92.\nRegulation (EC) No 668/2001 is hereby repealed.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["single market", "award of contract", "barley", "sale", "intervention agency", "Germany"], "distractor groups": ["trade union freedom", "industrial capital", "cross-border cooperation", "EU act", "action programme", "surgery", "gender reassignment", "imprisonment", "European Investment Bank"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a02119/2004 of 13 December 2004 opening tendering procedure No\u00a053/2004 EC for the sale of wine alcohol for new industrial uses\n14.12.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 367/8\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2119/2004\nof 13 December 2004\nopening tendering procedure No 53/2004 EC for the sale of wine alcohol for new industrial uses\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 of 17 May 1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 33 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 of 25 July 2000 laying down detailed rules for implementing Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 on the common organisation of the market in wine with regard to market mechanisms\u00a0(2) lays down, inter alia, the detailed rules for disposing of stocks of alcohol arising from distillation under Articles 27, 28 and 30 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 held by intervention agencies.\n(2) In accordance with Article 80 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000, tendering procedures should be organised for the sale of wine alcohol for new industrial uses with a view to reducing the stocks of wine alcohol in the Community and enabling small-scale industrial projects to be carried out and such alcohol to be processed into goods intended for export for industrial uses. The wine alcohol of Community origin in storage in the Member States consists of quantities produced from distillation under Articles 27, 28 and 30 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999.\n(3) Since 1 January 1999 and in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 2799/98 of 15 December 1998 establishing agrimonetary arrangements for the euro\u00a0(3), the prices offered in tenders and securities must be expressed in euro and payments must be made in euro.\n(4) Minimum prices should be fixed for the submission of tenders, broken down according to the type of end-use.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Wine,\nTendering procedure No 53/2004 EC is hereby opened for the sale of wine alcohol for new industrial uses. The alcohol concerned has been produced from distillation under Articles 27 and 28 of Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999 and is held by the French intervention agency.\nThe volume put up for sale is 120\u00a0000 hectolitres of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol. The vat numbers, places of storage and the volume of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol contained in each vat are detailed in the Annex hereto.\nThe sale shall be conducted in accordance with Articles 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 95, 96, 97, 100 and 101 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000 and Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 2799/98.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders must be submitted to the intervention agency holding the alcohol concerned:\nOnivins-Libourne, D\u00e9l\u00e9gation nationale\n17, avenue de la Ballasti\u00e8re, bo\u00eete postale 231\nF-33505 Libourne Cedex\n(tel. (33-5) 57\u00a055\u00a020\u00a000\ntelex: 57\u00a020\u00a025\nfax: (33-5) 57\u00a055\u00a020\u00a059)\nor sent by registered mail to that address.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders shall be submitted in a sealed double envelope, the inside envelope marked: \u2018Tender under procedure No 53/2004 EC for new industrial uses\u2019, the outer envelope bearing the address of the intervention agency concerned.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders must reach the intervention agency concerned not later than 12.00 Brussels time on 4 January 2005.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0All tenders must be accompanied by proof that a tendering security of EUR\u00a04 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol has been lodged with the intervention agency concerned.\nThe minimum prices which may be offered are EUR\u00a08,35 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol intended for the manufacture of baker's yeast, EUR\u00a026 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol intended for the manufacture of amine- and chloral-type chemical products for export, EUR\u00a032 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol intended for the manufacture of eau de Cologne for export and EUR\u00a07,50 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol intended for other industrial uses.\nThe formalities for sampling shall be as set out in Article 98 of Regulation (EC) No 1623/2000. The price of samples shall be EUR\u00a010 per litre.\nThe intervention agency shall provide all the necessary information on the characteristics of the alcohol put up for sale.\nThe performance guarantee shall be EUR\u00a030 per hectolitre of alcohol at 100\u00a0% vol.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["award of contract", "secondary sector", "intervention agency", "alcohol", "sale", "France"], "distractor groups": ["industrialised country", "enlargement of an international organisation", "foreign student", "veterinary medicinal product", "oil crop", "technical specification", "Cariforum", "Internet site", "European Regional Development Fund"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision 2008/852/JHA of 24\u00a0October 2008 on a contact-point network against corruption\n12.11.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 301/38\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2008/852/JHA\nof 24 October 2008\non a contact-point network against corruption\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29, Article 30(1), Article 31 and Article 34(2)(c) thereof,\nHaving regard to the initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 29 of the Treaty states that the objective of the Union to provide citizens with a high level of safety within an area of freedom, security and justice is to be achieved by preventing and combating crime, organised or otherwise, including corruption and fraud.\n(2) The European Union strategy for the beginning of the new millennium on the prevention and control of organised crime emphasises the need to develop a comprehensive EU policy against corruption.\n(3) In its Resolution of 14 April 2005 concerning a comprehensive EU policy against corruption, which refers to the communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament and the European Economic and Social Committee of 28 May 2003 on a Comprehensive EU Policy against Corruption, the Council reaffirms the importance of the role and work of the Member States in developing a comprehensive, multi-faceted policy against corruption in both the public and private sectors, in partnership with all relevant players from civil society and business alike.\n(4) The European Council welcomed the development in the Hague Programme\u00a0(3) (point 2.7) of a strategic concept with regard to cross-border organised crime and corruption at EU level and asked the Council and the Commission to develop this concept further and make it operational.\n(5) The heads and key representatives of EU Member States' national police monitoring and inspection bodies and those of their anti-corruption agencies with a wider remit met in November 2004 in Vienna at the AGIS conference on the Enhancement of Operational Cooperation in Fighting Corruption in the European Union. They emphasised the importance of further enhancing their cooperation, inter alia, through annual meetings, and welcomed the idea of a European anti-corruption network based upon existing structures. In the wake of the Vienna conference these European Partners Against Corruption (EPAC) met in Budapest in November 2006 for their sixth annual meeting, where with an overwhelming majority, they confirmed their commitment to supporting the initiative on setting up a more formal anti-corruption network.\n(6) In order to build upon existing structures, the authorities and agencies to form part of the European anti-corruption network could include EPAC member organisations.\n(7) The enhancement of international cooperation is generally\u00a0(4) recognised as a key issue in the fight against corruption. The fight against all forms of corruption should be improved by cooperating effectively, identifying opportunities, sharing good practices and developing high professional standards. The establishment of an anti-corruption network at EU level is an important contribution to the improvement of such cooperation,\nObjective\nIn order to improve cooperation between authorities and agencies to prevent and combat corruption in Europe a network of contact points of the Member States of the European Union shall be set up (hereinafter referred to as the \u2018network\u2019). The European Commission, Europol and Eurojust shall be fully associated with the activities of the Network.\nComposition of the network\nThe network shall consist of authorities and agencies of the Member States of the European Union charged with preventing or combating corruption. The members shall be designated by the Member States. The Member States shall each designate at least one, but not more than three organisations. The European Commission shall designate its representatives. Within their respective competencies, Europol and Eurojust may participate in the activities of the Network.\nTasks of the network\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The network shall in particular have the following tasks:\n1. it shall constitute a forum for the exchange throughout the EU of information on effective measures and experience in the prevention and combating of corruption;\n2. it shall facilitate the establishment and active maintenance of contacts between its members.\nTo these ends, inter alia, a list of contact points shall be kept up-to-date and a web site operated.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the network shall, for the accomplishment of their tasks, meet at least once a year.\nScope\nPolice and judicial cooperation between the Member States shall be governed by the relevant rules. The setting up of the network shall be without prejudice to such rules, and without prejudice to the role of CEPOL.\nOrganisation of the network\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The network shall organise itself, building upon existing informal collaboration between the EPAC.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Member States and the European Commission shall bear all expenses of the members or representatives designated by them. The same rule shall apply to Europol and Eurojust.\nEntry into force\nThis Decision shall take effect on the day following that of its adoption", "answer groups": ["EU police cooperation", "EU law - national law", "exchange of information", "EU Member State", "cooperation policy", "judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the EU", "corruption", "fight against crime", "Germany"], "distractor groups": ["European audiovisual area", "remote sensing", "European Community", "EAGF", "part-time farming", "sexual harassment"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01048/2006 of 10 July 2006 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a02185/2005 opening Community tariff quotas for 2006 for sheep, goats, sheepmeat and goatmeat\n11.7.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 188/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1048/2006\nof 10 July 2006\namending Regulation (EC) No 2185/2005 opening Community tariff quotas for 2006 for sheep, goats, sheepmeat and goatmeat\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2529/2001 of 19 December 2001 on the common organisation of the market in sheepmeat and goatmeat\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 16(1) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 2185/2005\u00a0(2) provides for the opening of Community tariff quotas for sheep, goats, sheepmeat and goatmeat for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2006.\n(2) The Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Community and Australia pursuant to Article XXIV.6 and Article XXVIII of the\u00a0General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)\u00a01994\u00a0(3), approved by Council Decision 2006/106/EC\u00a0(4), provides for the granting of an additional tariff quota quantity of 136 tonnes (carcass weight) for Australia as from 1 January 2006, which should be added to the quantity available for 2006.\n(3) As a result of the negotiations which led to the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Community and the United States of America pursuant to Article XXIV:6 and Article XXVIII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994\u00a0(5), approved by Council Decision 2006/333/EC\u00a0(6), the Community undertook to incorporate in its schedule an erga omnes annual import tariff quota of live sheep, other than pure-bred breeding animals of 91 tonnes natural weight (43 tonnes carcass weight). The import tariff quota of live animals of 49 tonnes carcass weight previously attributed to the \u2018others\u2019 shall be open to all. The two import tariff quotas of live animals should be summed up to give a total of 92 tonnes carcass weight. The order number of the quota will remain the same.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 2185/2005 should be amended accordingly.\n(5) Since the tariff quotas are opened from 1 January 2006, this Regulation should apply retroactively as from the same date.\n(6) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for sheepmeat and goatmeat,\nThe Annex to Regulation (EC) No 2185/2005 is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 January 2006.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["sheep", "sheepmeat", "goat", "live animal", "tariff quota", "goatmeat", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["Coreper", "farmer", "British West Indies", "social status", "Court of Justice of the European Union", "unsolicited electronic advertising", "public limited company", "Arab Common Market"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 1294/2004 of 12 July 2004 amending Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 1 mm or more originating in India\n16.7.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 244/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1294/2004\nof 12 July 2004\namending Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 1\u00a0mm or more originating in India\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (the basic Regulation), and in particular Article 11(4) thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2026/97\u00a0(2) of 6 October 1997 on protection against subsidised imports from countries not members of the European Community, and in particular Article 20 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PREVIOUS PROCEDURES\n(1) The Council, by Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999\u00a0(3), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of stainless steel wire having a diameter of 1\u00a0mm or more (the product concerned) falling within CN code ex\u00a07223\u00a000\u00a019 originating in India. The measures took the form of an ad valorem duty ranging between 0\u00a0% and 55,6\u00a0%.\n(2) The Council, by Regulation (EC) No 1599/1999\u00a0(4), imposed at the same time a definitive countervailing duty on imports of the same product originating in India. The measures took the form of an ad valorem duty ranging between 0\u00a0% and 35,4\u00a0% for individual exporters, with a rate of 48,8\u00a0% for non-cooperating exporters.\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CURRENT PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Request for a new exporter review\n(3) Subsequent to the imposition of definitive measures, the Commission received a request for the initiation of a \u2018new exporter\u2019 review of Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999, pursuant to Article 11(4) of the basic Regulation, from one Indian producer, VSL Wires Limited (the applicant). The applicant claimed that it was not related to any other exporters of the product concerned in India. Furthermore, it claimed that it had not exported the product concerned during the original period of investigation (i.e. from l April 1997 to 31 March 1998), but had exported the product concerned to the Community after that period. On the basis of the above, it requested that an individual duty rate be established for it, in case dumping would be found.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Initiation of a review\n(4) The Commission examined the evidence submitted by the applicant and considered it sufficient to justify the initiation of a review in accordance with the provisions of Article 11(4) of the basic Regulation. After consultation of the Advisory Committee and after the Community industry concerned had been given the opportunity to comment, the Commission initiated, by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1225/2003\u00a0(5), a \u2018new exporter\u2019 review of Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 with regard to the applicant and commenced its investigation. At the same time, the anti-dumping duty in force was repealed with regard to imports of the product concerned produced and exported to the Community by the applicant, and those imports were made subject to registration pursuant to Articles 11(4) and 14(5) of the basic Regulation.\n(5) At the same time and on the same grounds, following a request from the applicant, the Commission initiated an accelerated review of Regulation (EC) No 1599/1999\u00a0(6) pursuant to Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 2026/97.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned\n(6) The product covered by the current review is the same product as that under consideration in Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999, namely stainless steel wire having a diameter of 1\u00a0mm or more, containing by weight 2,5\u00a0% or more of nickel, excluding wire containing by weight 28\u00a0% or more but no more than 31\u00a0% of nickel and 20\u00a0% or more but no more than 22\u00a0% of chromium.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation period\n(7) The investigation covered the period from 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2003 (the review investigation period).\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Parties concerned\n(8) The Commission officially advised the applicant and the Government of India (GOI) of the initiation of the procedure. Furthermore, it gave other parties directly concerned the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing. However, no such views or any request for a hearing was received by the Commission.\n(9) The Commission sent a questionnaire to the applicant and received a full reply within the required deadline. The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed necessary for the purpose of the investigation and carried out a verification visit at the premises of the applicant.\nC.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SCOPE OF THE REVIEW\n(10) As no request for a review of the findings on injury was made by the applicant, the review was limited to dumping.\nD.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n(11) The applicant was able to satisfactorily demonstrate that it was not related, directly or indirectly, to any of the Indian exporting producers subject to the anti-dumping measures in force with regard to the product concerned.\n(12) The investigation confirmed that the applicant had not exported the product concerned during the original investigation period, i.e. from 1 April 1997 to 31 March 1998.\n(13) The Commission examined whether the applicant had exported the product concerned to the Community subsequent to the original investigation period. In this respect, it was established that the applicant has not realised any sales whatsoever to the Community and neither has it entered into an irrevocable contractual obligation to export a significant quantity to the Community of the product concerned during the review investigation period.\n(14) It was established that the applicant had only realised one sale to the Community which actually took place in August 2001, i.e. after the original investigation period but well before the review investigation period.\n(15) The applicant requested the Commission to extend the review investigation period to cover the period in which the sale mentioned in recital 14 was realised. In this respect, the applicant argued that it had requested the \u2018new exporter\u2019 review in August 2001 and proposed an investigation period from 1 July 2001 to 31 March 2003.\n(16) In reply to the questionnaire, the applicant identified a contract that had been signed during the review investigation period, but on spot confirmed that the sale had never been materialized. It is therefore established that the applicant has not entered into an irrevocable obligation to export a significant quantity to the Community and that the applicant's statement of \u2018intent to continue the export to EC\u2019 following the 2001 sale has not been materialized. For the above reasons, it is considered that in the absence of any export transaction to the Community or any irrevocable contractual obligation during the review investigation period, no individual dumping margin can be established for the applicant in accordance with the provisions of Article 11(4) of the basic Regulation. Thus, the dumping margin found in the original investigation for parties not individually investigated, i.e. 76,2\u00a0% (see recital 23 of Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999), should apply.\nE.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0THE ANTI-DUMPING DUTY\n(17) Given that the highest injury elimination level of 55,6\u00a0% established during the original investigation is lower than the 76,2\u00a0% dumping margin set for the applicant (see recital 16), the anti-dumping duty rate for the applicant should not be higher than this injury elimination level in accordance with Article 9(4) of the basic Regulation.\n(18) Despite the lack of exports to the Community during the review investigation period, an individual countervailing duty rate based on the export subsidy amount (ad valorem 14,1\u00a0%), was calculated for the applicant in the parallel accelerated review of Regulation (EC) No 1599/1999, pursuant to Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 2026/97 (see recital 5).\n(19) In accordance with Article 14(1) of the basic Regulation and Article 24(1) of Regulation (EC) No 2026/97, no product shall be subject to both anti-dumping and countervailing duties for the purpose of dealing with one and the same situation arising from dumping or from export subsidisation.\n(20) On the basis of the above, the definitive anti-dumping duty rate imposed for imports into the Community of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 1 mm or more produced and exported by VSL Wires Limited, expressed as a percentage of the CIF Community frontier price (customs duty unpaid) and taking into account the results of the parallel accelerated review of the countervailing measures in force, should be 41,5\u00a0%, i.e. 55,6\u00a0% minus 14,1\u00a0%. Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 should therefore be amended accordingly.\nF.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RETROACTIVE LEVYING OF THE ANTI-DUMPING DUTY\n(21) The anti-dumping duty applicable to VSL Wires Limited shall also be levied retroactively on imports which have been subject to registration pursuant to Article 3 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1225/2003.\nG.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DISCLOSURE AND DURATION OF THE MEASURES\n(22) The Commission informed the applicant and the GOI of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to propose that Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 be amended. They were also given a reasonable period of time to comment.\n(23) In its response to the disclosure, the applicant claimed that the Commission failed to consider other available alternatives for establishing export price and in particular the use of the applicant's export prices to other third countries for the purpose of dumping margin calculations. In this respect, it should be noted that in accordance with Article 2(8) of the basic Regulation, the export price in a dumping calculation shall be the price actually paid or payable for the product when sold for export from the exporting country to the Community. There is no provision whatsoever that the export price can also be established on the basis of exports from the exporting country to destinations other than the Community. The claim should therefore be rejected and the conclusions set out in recitals 11 to 16 confirmed.\n(24) This review does not affect the date on which Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 will expire pursuant to Article 11(2) of the basic Regulation,\nThe table in Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1600/1999 is hereby amended by adding the following:\n\u2018VSL Wires Limited, G-1/3 MIDC, Tarapur Industrial Area, Boisar District, Thane, Maharashtra, India 41,5 A444\u2019\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The anti-dumping duty hereby imposed shall also be levied retroactively on imports of the product concerned which have been registered pursuant to Article 3 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 1225/2003.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Unless otherwise specified, the provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["anti-dumping duty", "steel", "wire", "anti-dumping legislation", "originating product", "India"], "distractor groups": ["Federated States of Micronesia", "restrictive trade practice", "EU office or agency", "bulk product", "budget", "toll", "Cotonou Agreement", "European political cooperation", "biochemistry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No 1409/2004 of 2 August 2004 amending Regulation (EC) No 1159/2003 laying down detailed rules of application for the 2003/04, 2004/05 and 2005/06 marketing years for the import of cane sugar under certain tariff quotas and preferential agreements and amending Regulations (EC) No 1464/95 and (EC) No 779/96\n3.8.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 256/13\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1410/2004\nof 2 August 2004\namending Regulation (EC) No 1185/2004 opening a standing invitation to tender for the export of rye held by the German intervention agency\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1185/2004\u00a0(2) opens a standing invitation to tender for the export of 1\u00a0000\u00a0000 tonnes of rye held by the German intervention agency.\n(2) As the invitation to tender has been opened for exports to all third countries, the procedure for releasing the export security should be simplified.\n(3) In the current market situation the standing invitation to tender should be amended to take account of the oldest lots available.\n(4) Regulation (EC) No 1185/2004 should be amended as a result.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nRegulation (EC) No 1185/2004 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. Article 8(2), second and third paragraphs, and Article 8(3) are deleted.\n2. Annex I is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nPoint 1 of Article 1 shall apply from 1 July 2004.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Germany", "export", "rye", "intervention agency", "award of contract"], "distractor groups": ["sisal", "blog", "Kyustendil region", "Midi-Pyren\u00e9es", "right of establishment", "Iran", "right to culture", "regional government", "protection of plant life", "arbitrage"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01151/2007 of 26 September 2007 opening autonomous and transitional Community tariff quotas for the import of certain agricultural products originating in Switzerland\n4.10.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 258/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1151/2007\nof 26 September 2007\nopening autonomous and transitional Community tariff quotas for the import of certain agricultural products originating in Switzerland\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 133 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas:\n(1) Following the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union, agricultural trade flows should be maintained in accordance with the preferences granted previously under the bilateral arrangements between the two Member States and Switzerland. The Community and Switzerland have agreed to proceed with the adaptation of tariff concessions within the framework of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on trade in agricultural products\u00a0(1) (hereinafter referred to as \u2018the Agreement\u2019), which entered into force on 1 June 2002. The adaptation of these concessions should include the opening of new Community tariff quotas for the import of strawberries (CN code 0810\u00a010\u00a000), chard (or white beet) and cardoons (CN code 0709\u00a090\u00a020) originating in Switzerland.\n(2) The bilateral procedures for adapting the concessions in Annexes 1 and 2 to the Agreement will take time. To ensure that quota benefit is available until the entry into force of that adaptation, it is appropriate to open these tariff quotas on an autonomous and transitional basis.\n(3) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(2) provides for a system for managing tariff quotas. The tariff quotas opened by this Regulation should be managed by the Commission and the Member States in accordance with that system.\n(4) The rules of origin provided for in Article 4 of the Agreement should apply,\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A duty-free Community tariff quota for products falling within CN code 0810\u00a010\u00a000 originating in Switzerland is hereby opened annually, on an autonomous and transitional basis, for the period from 1 January to 31 December.\nThe order number of the quota shall be 09.0948. The annual volume shall be 200 tonnes net weight.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A duty-free Community tariff quota for products falling within CN code 0709\u00a090\u00a020 originating in Switzerland is hereby opened annually, on an autonomous and transitional basis, for the period from 1 January to 31 December.\nThe order number of the quota shall be 09.0950. The annual volume shall be 300 tonnes net weight.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In 2007, the tariff quotas provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be opened for the period from 1 September to 31 December, for the full annual volumes provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The tariff quotas provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall expire on 31 December 2009.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The rules of origin provided for in Article 4 of the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on trade in agricultural products shall apply to the products referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article.\nThe tariff quotas provided for in Article 1 shall be managed by the Commission in accordance with Articles 308a, 308b and 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 September 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import", "agricultural product", "Switzerland", "originating product", "tariff quota"], "distractor groups": ["cooperative", "banking policy", "fraud", "fishing grounds", "information technology user", "recognition of a state", "personalisation of power", "soft fruit", "common tariff policy", "deforestation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 3529/87 of 23 November 1987 amending Annex VI to Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81 on the common organization of the market in fishery products and the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 950/68 on the Common Customs Tariff\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 3529/87\nof 23 November 1987\namending Annex VI to Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81 on the common organization of the market in fishery products and the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 950/68 on the Common Customs Tariff\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81 of 29 December 1981 on the common organization of the market in fishery products (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 2315/86 (2), and in particular Article 30 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nWhereas the nomenclature of the Common Customs Tariff as laid down by Regulation (EEC) No 3618/86 (3) results, pursuant to Article 19 of Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81, from the application of the latter Regulation as regards fishery products;\nWhereas, in an Exchange of Letters with Norway in 1973, the Community undertook to effect an autonomous reduction of the customs duties applicable to certain fishery products, including certain products falling within subheading 16.04 G I of the Common Customs Tariff, whether or not pre-fried in oil;\nWhereas fish fingers of fish fillet covered with a coating of batter or breadcrumbs, pre-fried in oil, the fish remaining raw, frozen, are to be classified in subheading 16.04 G II; whereas, as a result, Norwegian exports of this product are no longer able to benefit from the preferential system on imports into the Community; whereas, in order to guarantee the preference which has effectively been granted to Norwegian products in the past, Annex VI to Regulation (EEC) No 3796/81 and the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 950/68 (4) should be amended,\nRegulation (EEC) No 3796/81 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Annex VI, the title is replaced by the following:\n'Chapter 3 and heading No 16.04 of the Common Customs Tariff';\n2. In Annex VI, the following is added after Chapter 3:\n1.2.3,4 // // // // 'CCT heading No // Description // Rate of duty // 1.2.3.4 // // // Autonomous % or levy (L) // Conventional % // // // // // 1 // 2 // 3 // 4 // // // // // 16.04 // Prepared or preserved fish, including caviar and caviar substitutes: // // // // A. Caviar and caviar substitues: // // // // I. Caviar (sturgeon roe) // 30 // 30 // // II. Other // 30 // 30 // // B. Salmonidae: // // // // I. Salmon // 20 // 5,5 // // II. Other // 20 // 7 // // C. Herring // // // // I. Fillets, raw, merely coated with batter or breadcrumbs, whether or not pre-fried in oil, deep frozen // 18 // 15 // // II. Other // 23 // 20 // // D. Sardines // 25 // 25 // // E. Tunny // 25 // 24 // // F. Bonito ( Sarda spp.), mackerel and anchovies // 25 // (a) // // G. Other: // // // // I. Fillets, raw, merely coated with batter or breadcrumbs, whether or not pre-fried in oil, deep frozen // 18 // 15 // // II. Other // 25 // 20 172, 22. 7. 1968, p. 1.\nIn the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 950/68, the text of heading No 16.04 is replaced by the entry in Article 1 of this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nIt shall apply with effect from 1 January 1987.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["common customs tariff", "fishery product", "Norway", "tariff preference", "CCT duties", "common organisation of markets"], "distractor groups": ["European Environment Agency", "CEFTA", "inorganic acid", "horizontal agreement", "collective activities", "VAT", "Kazakhstan", "water policy", "engineer"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 694/2003 of 14 April 2003 on uniform formats for Facilitated Transit Documents (FTD) and Facilitated Rail Transit Documents (FRTD) provided for in Regulation (EC) No 693/2003\nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 694/2003\nof 14 April 2003\non uniform formats for Facilitated Transit Documents (FTD) and Facilitated Rail Transit Documents (FRTD) provided for in Regulation (EC) No 693/2003\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 62(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) In order to prepare accession of new Member States, the Community should take into account specific situations, which may occur as a result of the enlargement and set out the relevant legislation in order to avoid future problems in relation with the crossing of the external border.\n(2) Council Regulation (EC) No 693/2003(3) establishes a Facilitated Transit Document (FTD) and Facilitated Rail Transit Document (FRTD) for the case of a specific transit by land of third country nationals who must necessarily cross the territory of one or several Member States in order to travel between two parts of their own country which are not geographically contiguous. Uniform formats for these documents should be established.\n(3) These uniform formats should contain all the necessary information and meet high technical standards, in particular as regards safeguards against counterfeiting and falsification. The formats should also be suited to use by all Member States and bear universally recognisable harmonised security features which are clearly visible to the naked eye.\n(4) Powers to adopt such common standards should be conferred on the Commission, which should be assisted by the Committee established by Article 6 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1683/95 of 29 May 1995 laying down a uniform format for visas(4).\n(5) To ensure that the information in question is not divulged more widely than is necessary, it is also essential that each Member State issuing the FTD/FRTD designate a single body for printing the uniform format for FTD/FRTD, while retaining the possibility of changing that body, if necessary. For security reasons, each such Member State should communicate the name of the competent body to the Commission and to the other Member States.\n(6) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred to the Commission(5).\n(7) In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of the Protocol on the position of Denmark annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark is not taking part in the adoption of this Regulation, and is not bound by it or subject to its application. Given that this Regulation builds upon the Schengen acquis under the provisions of Title IV of Part Three of the Treaty establishing the European Community, Denmark shall, in accordance with Article 5 of the said Protocol, decide within a period of six months after the Council has adopted this Regulation whether it will implement it in its national law.\n(8) As regards Iceland and Norway, this Regulation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis within the meaning of the Agreement concluded by the Council of the European Union and the Republic of Iceland and the Kingdom of Norway concerning the association of those two States with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis(6), which fall within the area referred to in Article 1, point B of Council Decision 1999/437/EC of 17 May 1999 on certain arrangements for the application of that Agreement(7).\n(9) This Regulation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which the United Kingdom does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2000/365/EC of 29 May 2000 concerning the request of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis(8); the United Kingdom is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.\n(10) This Regulation constitutes a development of provisions of the Schengen acquis in which Ireland does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2002/192/EC of 28 February 2002 concerning Ireland's request to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis(9); Ireland is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.\n(11) This Regulation constitutes an act building on the Schengen acquis or otherwise related to it within the meaning of Article 3(1) of the Act of Accession,\n1. Facilitated Transit Documents (FTD) issued by the Member States as referred to in Article 2(1) of Regulation (EC) No 693/2003 shall be produced in the form of a uniform format (sticker) and shall have the same value as transit visas. They shall conform to the specifications set out in Annex I to this Regulation.\n2. Facilitated Rail Transit Documents (FRTD) issued by the Member States as referred to in Article 2(2) of Regulation (EC) No 693/2003 shall be produced in the form of a uniform format (sticker) and shall have the same value as transit visas. They shall conform to the specifications set out in Annex II to this Regulation.\n1. Further technical specifications for the uniform format for FTD and FRTD relating to the following shall be established in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 4(2):\n(a) additional security features and requirements including enhanced anti-forgery, counterfeiting and falsification standards;\n(b) technical processes and rules for the filling in of the uniform FTD/FRTD;\n(c) other rules to be observed for the filling in of the uniform FTD/FRTD.\n2. The colours of the uniform FTD and FRTD may be changed in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 4(2).\n1. The specifications referred to in Article 2 shall be secret and not be published. They shall be made available only to the bodies designated by the Member States as responsible for printing and to the persons duly authorised by a Member State or the Commission.\n2. Each Member State which has decided to issue the FTD/FRTD shall designate one body having responsibility for printing them. It shall communicate the name of that body to the Commission and the other Member States. The same body may be designated by two or more Member States for this purpose. Each Member State shall be entitled to change its designated body. It shall inform the Commission and the other Member States accordingly.\n1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Committee set up by Article 6(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1683/95.\n2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.\nThe period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be two months.\n3. The Committee shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.\nWithout prejudice to data protection rules, persons to whom the FTD and FRTD is issued shall have the right to verify the personal particulars contained in the FTD/FRTD and, where appropriate, to have them corrected or deleted. No information in machine-readable form shall be included in the FTD and FRTD, unless provided for in the Annexes to this Regulation or unless it is mentioned in the relevant travel document.\nMember States which have decided to do so shall issue the uniform format for FTD and FRTD as referred to in Article 1 no later than one year after the adoption of the additional security features and requirements referred to in Article 2(1)(a).\nThe need for the incorporation of the photograph referred to in point 2 of Annex I and point 2 of Annex II may be determined by the end of 2005.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in the Member States in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European Community", "answer groups": ["rail transport", "foreign national", "external border of the EU", "transit", "passport"], "distractor groups": ["alternative medicine", "separated person", "freedom of the seas", "European Network and Information Security Agency", "private property", "scanner", "metalworking", "contiguous zone", "territorial enclave", "UN resolution"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "98/72/EC: Commission Decision of 8 January 1998 concerning an application for the refund of anti-dumping duties collected$on imports of woven polyolefin sacks originating in the People's Republic of China (Only the English text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 8 January 1998 concerning an application for the refund of anti-dumping duties collected on imports of woven polyolefin sacks originating in the People's Republic of China (Only the English text is authentic) (98/72/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 2331/96 (2) (hereafter referred to as the Basic Regulation), and in particular Article 11 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) Council Regulation (EEC) No 3308/90 (3) of 15 November 1990 imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of woven polyolefin sacks falling within CN code ex 6305 31 91 and originating in the People's Republic of China. The rate of the definitive duty was set at 43,4 %.\n(2) Council Regulation (EEC) No 2346/93 (4) of 23 August 1993 amended the above Regulation and raised the duty rate to 85,7 %.\n(3) On 18 May 1995, Envopak Group Ltd imported one shipment of DHL courier bags made from woven polypropylene originating in China. The goods concerned were declared within tariff heading 6305 39 00. This classification was challenged by UK Customs and Excise which determined on 26 May 1995 that the goods' proper classification was within heading 6305 31 91 and that they were therefore subject to the anti-dumping duty of 85,7 %. The anti-dumping duties were finally paid on 25 July 1995.\n(4) The final purchaser of the goods, the international courier company DHL submitted an appeal on 20 June 1995 to UK Customs and Excise for a Departmental Review under the UK law implementing Article 245 of the Community Customs Code against the imposition of the anti-dumping duty, claiming that the goods should be classified within customs heading 4202 as travel bags. The classification within customs heading 6305 31 91 was confirmed by this review on 28 June 1995.\n(5) Envopak subsequently lodged a formal Notice of Appeal on 2 August 1995 to the VAT and Duties Tribunal set up pursuant to Article 245 of the Community Customs Code claiming that the goods concerned should be classified within heading 4202. The Tribunal heard the appeal on 7 December 1995 and confirmed on 16 January 1996 that the classification within tariff heading 6305 31 91 was correct.\n(6) By Notice of Initiation No 95/C 271/03 (5) and following a complaint lodged by the European Association for Textile Polyolefins, the Commission initiated, on 17 October 1995, a review pursuant to Article 11(2) and (3) of Council Regulation (EC) No 3283/94 of the anti-dumping measures in force on imports of woven polyolefin sacks originating in the People's Republic of China.\nOn 21 March 1996, Envopak Group Ltd made a submission to the Commission that the goods concerned did not fall within the scope of Regulation (EEC) No 3308/90. The Commission confirmed that it considered that, in the framework of the review, the goods concerned fell within the scope of Regulation (EEC) No 3308/90 and informed Envopak Group Ltd on 20 June 1996.\n(7) On 16 July 1996 Envopak Group Ltd lodged an application pursuant to Article 11(8) of the Basic Regulation for the refund of the definitive anti-dumping duties paid on the importation of a shipment of woven polyolefin sacks, originating in the People's Republic of China, on 18 May 1995.\n(8) On 30 June 1997, the Commission disclosed to the applicant the main facts and considerations on the basis of which it intended to declare the application inadmissible. The applicant was given the opportunity to submit comments prior to the final decision. The applicant commented that it found that the Commission had inappropriately dealt with the issue of the like product in the framework of the refund procedure.\nB. ARGUMENTS OF THE APPLICANT\n(9) The applicant claims in its applications pursuant to Article 11(8) of the Basic Regulation that the dumping margins in respect of the polyolefin woven sacks imported on 18 May 1995 has been eliminated in comparison with the level of 85,7 % of anti-dumping duty set by Regulation (EEC) No 3308/90.\n(10) In addition, the applicant argued that the product under consideration should not be classified within customs heading 6305 31 91 and, should therefore not be subject to the anti-dumping duties.\n(11) The applicant further argued that the product under consideration, even if classified within customs heading 6305 31 91 does not constitute a like product and, should therefore not be subject to the anti-dumping duties.\n(12) Finally, the applicant acknowledged in its application for a refund that it was submitted out of time. However, it claimed that the Commission should take into account the exceptional circumstances of the case, in particular the length of the appeal procedures before the national Customs authorities described at recitals (4) and (5) above and of making the submission to the Commission on the issue of the like product, to grant an extension of the time limit for the submission of the application and consider it admissible.\nC. ADMISSIBILITY\n1. Like product and classification\n(13) The refund procedure is not intended to address the issues of like product or customs classification. Article 11(8) of the Basic Regulation stipulates that an importer may request reimbursement where it is shown that the dumping margin on the basis of which the duties were paid has been eliminated or reduced below the level of duty in force. This implies that the imports of the goods in question had been rightly determined to be covered by the measures in force. Therefore, the issues of like product and customs classification are irrelevant in the context of a refund procedure and have been dealt with in their appropriate frameworks as described in recitals (3) to (6).\n2. Time limit\n(14) Article 11(8) of the Basic Regulation states that in requesting a refund the importer shall submit an application within six months of the date on which the amount of the definitive duties to be levied was duly determined by the competent authorities. This submission of an application in due time is an absolute requirement for the admissibility of a refund application, which is not subject to exceptions regardless of the circumstances.\nTherefore, neither the appeal procedures before the national Customs authorities nor the submission before the Commission on the issue of like product could have had the effect of interrupting the six month time limit of Article 11(8).\n(15) The amount of definitive duties to be levied is therefore considered to have been determined no later than 26 May 1995. The six month time limit therefore expired no later than 26 November 1995.\nThe application which was submitted on 25 July 1996 should therefore be considered as out of time and rejected as inadmissible,\nThe application for the refund of anti-dumping duties submitted by Envopak Group Sales for the importation made on 18 May 1995 of woven polyolefin sacks originating in the People's Republic of China is hereby rejected.\nThis Decision is addressed to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and to Envopak Group Limited", "answer groups": ["import", "China", "plastics", "anti-dumping duty", "packaging product"], "distractor groups": ["rabies", "health education", "international competition", "consumer protection", "offshore structure", "Prague", "aesthetic surgery", "civil disobedience", "Nimexe", "water treatment"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 2275/84 of 1 August 1984 amending Regulation (EEC) No 1100/80 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on certain acrylic fibres originating in the United States of America\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 2275/84\nof 1 August 1984\namending Regulation (EEC) No 1100/80 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on certain acrylic fibres originating in the United States of America\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2176/84 of 23 July 1984 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consultation within the Advisory Committee as provided for by the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) The Council, by Regulation (EEC) No 1100/80 (2), imposed definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of certain acrylic fibres originating in the United States of America.\n(2) The duty imposed for discontinuous acrylic fibres falling within subheading ex 56.01 A of the Common Customs Tariff, corresponding to NIMEXE code 56.01-15 was 13,7 % and that for continuous filament tow of acrylic fibres falling within subheading ex 56.02 A of the Common Customs Tariff and corresponding to NIMEXE code 56.02-15 was 17,6 %.\n(3) Four exporters were exempted from the relevant definitive duties, three of them because sales by the producers concerned were not made at dumped levels, and one because it had offered an acceptable price undertaking.\n(4) The Council, by Regulation (EEC) No 485/83 (3), amended the abovementioned Regulation in so far as it concerned a fifth American exporter who offered an acceptable price undertaking and was therefore exempted from the duties.\n(5) The Commission has since received a request from an Italian importer to review the duty in so far as it applies to a special type of modacrylic fibre produced by Eastman Kodak Company, Kingsport, Tennessee, USA and exported by Leigh Fibers Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA.\n(6) Since the Italian importer provided sufficient evidence to justify the review of the proceeding, the Commission accordingly announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Communities (4), a review of the definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of certain acrylic fibres originating in the United States of America, and commenced an investigation of the matter at Community level.\n(7) The Commission officially so advised the exporters known by it to be concerned as well as the representatives of the exporting country and the complainants.\n(8) The Commission has afforded the parties directly concerned the opportunity to make known their views in writing and to be heard orally.\n(9) The majority of the Community producers, certain exporters and a few importers and users made their views known in writing.\n(10) The Commission sought and verified all information it deemed necessary for the purposes of a determination and carried out investigations at the premises of the following:\nEEC producers:\n- Courtaulds Ltd, Bradford,\n- Snia Fibre SpA, Milan,\n- Vomvix SA, Athens,\n- Anicfibre SpA, Milan,\n- Montefibre SpA, Milan;\nUSA exporters:\n- American Cyanamid, Wayne, New Jersey,\n- Leigh Fibers Inc. Boston, Massachusetts;\nEEC users:\n- Palazzini SpA, Milan,\n- Tessile-Fiorentina SpA, Prato,\n- Sifim SNC, Prato,\n- Lanificio Fratelli Becagli, SAS, Prato.\n(11) Certain of the companies who had been exempted from the existing definitive duties submitted in writing that, after the imposition of the definitive duties, they had exported small quantities of special types of acrylic fibres which were altogether different from the types to which the definitive duties apply. Verified information showed that they were not like products. A comparison could therefore not be made and further investigation as regards these companies was accordingly not undertaken.\n(12) The Commission selected the calendar year 1983 as the relevant investigation period.\nB. Normal value\n(13) For Leigh Fibers Inc. and American Cyanamid, normal values were established by taking weighted average prices of their domestic sales. The profitability of these prices was established for both companies in the domestic market in all relevant instances.\nC. Export prices\n(14) Export prices were determined on the basis of the prices actually paid or payable for the products exported to the Community during the period of investigation.\nD. Comparison\n(15) In comparing normal value with export prices, the Commission took account, where appropriate, of differences affecting price comparability such as differences in transport costs, payment terms and so on. All comparisons were made at an ex works level.\n(16) The above examination of the facts showed that no dumping existed in the case of Leigh Fibers Inc. and that American Cyanamid had respected its price undertaking.\n(17) For those exporters who did not make themselves known in the course of the review investigation, and who consequently did not submit any new evidence, the Commission did not have any evidence that the dumping margins were any lower than the dumping margins determined in the original investigation. In addition, the Commission considered that it would constitute a bonus for non-cooperation to assume that this would be the case.\nE. Injury\n(18) As regards injury, the Commission received no new evidence to alter its view that the continued application of the existing duty was necessary in order to eliminate injury and to prevent its recurrence.\n(19) In the circumstances, no alteration to the definitive duties is required.\nF. Undertakings\n(20) After being informed of the findings of the investigation, Leigh Fibers Inc. has offered an undertaking. The Commission having taken into account the fact that Leigh Fibers Inc. exports modacrylics produced by Eastman Kodak Company, which has ceased production of modacrylics, and the fact that there is only a limited quantity to be sold, and having consulted the Member States, considers this undertaking to be acceptable, and that exports made by this company should now be excluded from the duties.\n(21) The Commission has also reviewed the undertaking of American Cyanamid accepted by Council Regulation (EEC) No 485/83. The Commission found no evidence showing that a modification of this undertaking, as requested by the Company, would be justified. Therefore, American Cyanamid agreed to maintain the present undertaking and should continue to be excluded from the application of the duties,\nArticle 3 of Regulation (EEC) No 1100/80 is hereby replaced by the following:\n'Article 3\nThe definitive anti-dumping duty instituted by Article 1 shall not apply to acrylic fibres produced and exported by:\n- Badische Corporation, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, - E. I. Dupont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, USA,\n- Eastman Chemicals Division of Eastman Kodak Company, Kingsport, Tennessee, USA, (exported by Eastman Chemical International AG, Zug, Switzerland),\n- Monsanto, International Sales Company, Missouri, USA,\n- American Cyanamid Company, Wayne, New Jersey, USA,\n- Leigh Fibers Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA.'\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["United States", "dumping", "man-made fibre"], "distractor groups": ["Gorj", "Pilsen", "import tax", "Antarctic Ocean", "whistleblowing", "fruit product", "Gulf States", "budget policy", "food hygiene", "quorum", "fishing industry", "metalwork"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01169/2008 of 25\u00a0November 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01449/2007 as regards the dates for lodging import licence applications in 2008 under the tariff quotas for sugar\n26.11.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 316/3\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1169/2008\nof 25 November 2008\namending Regulation (EC) No 1449/2007 as regards the dates for lodging import licence applications in 2008 under the tariff quotas for sugar\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1234/2007 of 22 October 2007 establishing a common organisation of agricultural markets and on specific provisions for certain agricultural products (\u2018Single CMO\u2019 Regulation)\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 148(c), in conjunction with Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Article 5 of Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01449/2007 of 7 December 2007 derogating from Regulations (EC) No 2402/96, (EC) No 2058/96, (EC) No 2375/2002, (EC) No 2305/2003, (EC) No 950/2006, (EC) No 955/2005, (EC) No 969/2006, (EC) No 1100/2006, (EC) No 1918/2006, (EC) No 1964/2006, (EC) No 1002/2007 and (EC) No 508/2007 as regards the dates for lodging applications and the issuing of import licences in 2008 under the tariff quotas for sweet potatoes, manioc starch, cereals, rice, sugar and olive oil and derogating from Regulations (EC) No 1445/95, (EC) No 1518/2003, (EC) No 596/2004 and (EC) No 633/2004 as regards the dates of issuing of export licences in 2008 in the beef and veal, pigmeat, eggs and poultrymeat sectors\u00a0(2) provides for a derogation for 2008 regarding the dates for lodging import licence applications under the tariff quotas for sugar.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 950/2006 of 28 June 2006 laying down detailed rules of application for the 2006/07, 2007/08 and 2008/09 marketing years for the import and refining of sugar products under certain tariff quotas and preferential agreements\u00a0(3), as amended by Regulation (EC) No 892/2008\u00a0(4), opened new tariff quotas with order numbers 09.4431 to 09.4437. The derogation regarding the dates for lodging import licence applications should be extended to cover these new quotas and Regulation (EC) No\u00a01449/2007 should be amended accordingly.\n(3) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for the Common Organisation of Agricultural Markets,\nArticle 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1449/2007 is replaced by the following:\n\u20181.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0By way of derogation from Article\u00a04(2) of Regulation (EC) No\u00a0950/2006, applications for import licences for sugar products under quotas 09.4331 to 09.4351, 09.4315 to 09.4320, 09.4324 to 09.4328, 09.4365, 09.4366, 09.4380, 09.4390 and 09.4431 to 09.4437 for 2008 may no longer be lodged after 13.00 (Brussels time) on Friday 12\u00a0December 2008.\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["import policy", "rice", "tariff quota", "cereals", "poultrymeat", "beef", "import licence", "sugar", "originating product"], "distractor groups": ["grassland", "EU migration policy", "facsimile", "freedom of trade", "naturalisation", "financial protocol"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1374/89 of 19 May 1989 amending Regulation (EEC) No 1562/85 laying down detaled rules for the application of measures to encourage the processing of oranges and the marketing of products processed from lemons\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 1374/89 of 19 May 1989 amending Regulation (EEC) No 1562/85 laying down detaled rules for the application of measures to encourage the processing of oranges and the marketing of products processed from lemons\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1035/77 of 17 May 1977 laying down special measures to encourage the marketing of products processed from lemons (1), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1124/89 (2), and in particular Article 3 thereof,\nWhereas the scheme for aid for the processing of lemons introduced by Regulation (EEC) No 1035/77 has been restricted to products subject to competition from similar products imported from third countries; whereas, following the repeal of the national restrictive arrangements on imports into Italy, the special conditions laid down for the granting of Community aid in that country were abolished by Regulation (EEC) No 1124/89; whereas the detailes rules for applying Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1562/85 (3), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1715/86 (4), should accordingly be adapted to this new situation;\nWhereas the measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Fruit and Vegetables,\nRegulation (EEC) No 1562/85 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. The last subparagraph of Article 12 (1) is deleted.\n2. In Article 13:\n- point (f) in paragraph 1 is deleted;\n- paragraph 3 is deleted.\n3. Article 14 is deleted.\n4. The last paragraph of Article 15 (1) is deleted.\n5. Article 16 is deleted.\n6. The last subparagraph of Article 17 (1) is deleted.\n7. Article 19 is deleted.\n8. Article 20 (8) is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["marketing", "indemnification", "food processing"], "distractor groups": ["judicial cooperation in civil matters in the EU", "opinion", "Friuli-Venezia Giulia", "inter-company agreement", "pollution control", "newly industrialised country", "import credit", "pet food", "Peru", "feasibility study", "Arad", "bolt and screw industry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "86/142/EEC: Commission Decision of 20 March 1986 on supplementary trade mechanism licences for milk and milk products applied from 3 to 7 March 1986\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 20 March 1986\non supplementary trade mechanism licences for milk and milk products applied from 3 to 7 March 1986\n(86/142/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to the Act of Accession of Spain and Portugal,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 569/86 of 25 February 1986 laying down general rules for the application of the supplementary trade mechanism applicable to trade (1),\nHaving regard to Commission Regulation (EEC) No 574/86 of 28 February 1986 laying down detailed rules for the application of the supplementary trade mechanism (2), and in particular Articles 6 (4) and 12 (1) and (2) thereof,\nWhereas Regulation (EEC) No 569/86 provides for the use of STM licences and STM import licences in order to ensure that the marketed tonnage of certain products does not exceed that laid down in the Treaty of Accession; whereas, therefore, the Commission has to decide, in accordance with Articles 6 and 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 574/86, whether STM licences can be issued for all, some, or none of the tonnages applied for;\nWhereas Regulation (EEC) No 606/86 of 28 February 1986 laying down detailed rules for applying the supplementary trade mechanism to milk products imported into Spain from the Community of Ten (3) provides that the guide quantity should be broken down in respect of each month;\nWhereas examination of the quantities available and the applications for licences notified in respect of the period from 3 to 7 March 1986 has shown that for products subject to a guide quantity, licences may be issued only up to a percentage of the tonnages applied for, while for products which are not subject to a guide quantity, licences may be issued for the quantities applied for,\nSTM licences applied for and notified to the Commission in respect of the period from 3 to 7 March 1986 shall, for the following products, be issued up to the following percentages:\n1.2.3 // // // // CCT heading No // Description // % // // // // 04.01 // Other than in immediate packings of a net capacity of 2,5 litre or less // 71,46 // 04.01 // Other // 77,93 // 04.03 // // 13,28 // 04.04 // 1. Emmentaler, Gruy\u0102\u00a8re // 56,67 // // 2. Blue-veined cheese // 4,50 // // 3. Processed cheese // 21,74 // // 4. Parmiggiano Reggiano, Grana Padano // 83,33 // // 5. Havarti // 36,27 // // 6. Other // 0,867 // // //\nSTM licences for products falling within CCT heading No 04.02 shall, for applications submitted during the period from 3 to 7 March 1986, be issued in respect of the tonnages applied for.\nThis Decision is addressed to all the Member States", "answer groups": ["milk product", "supplementary trade mechanism"], "distractor groups": ["culture", "milk", "EU restrictive measure", "Windward Islands", "baby food", "Hamburg", "social integration", "forestry holding", "defence statistics", "rule of law", "indigenous population", "thermal water", "Fascism"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Decision 2011/641/CFSP of 29\u00a0September 2011 amending Decision 2010/573/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against the leadership of the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova\n30.9.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 254/18\nCOUNCIL DECISION 2011/641/CFSP\nof 29 September 2011\namending Decision 2010/573/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against the leadership of the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 27 September 2010, the Council adopted Decision 2010/573/CFSP\u00a0(1).\n(2) On the basis of a review of Decision 2010/573/CFSP, the restrictive measures should be extended until 30 September 2012.\n(3) However, in order to encourage progress in reaching a political settlement to the Transnistrian conflict, addressing the remaining problems regarding the Latin-script schools and restoring the free movement of persons, those restrictive measures should be suspended until 31 March 2012. At the end of that period, the Council will review the restrictive measures in the light of developments, notably in the areas mentioned above. The Council may decide to reapply or lift travel restrictions at any time.\n(4) The information relating to certain persons included in the lists in Annexes I and II to Decision 2010/573/CFSP should be updated.\n(5) Decision 2010/573/CFSP should be amended accordingly,\nDecision 2010/573/CFSP is hereby amended as follows:\n(1) Article 4(2) is replaced by the following:\n(2) Article 4(3) is replaced by the following:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In Annex I to Decision 2010/573/CFSP, the entries for the following persons:\n(1) Oleg Igorevich SMIRNOV;\n(2) Oleg Andreyevich GUDYMO,\nshall be replaced by the entries set out in Annex I to this Decision.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In Annex II to Decision 2010/573/CFSP, the entry for the following person:\n(1) Alla Viktorovna CHERBULENKO,\nshall be replaced by the entry set out in Annex II to this Decision.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption", "answer groups": ["international sanctions", "Moldova", "removal"], "distractor groups": ["goods and services", "agricultural census", "personal effects", "fresh cheese", "deforestation", "hides and furskins industry", "72 GEOGRAPHY", "social role", "foreign-exchange reserves", "approval", "environmental education", "Mediterranean forest"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Decision of 20\u00a0July 2010 setting up a Financial Services User Group\n21.7.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union C 199/12\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 20 July 2010\nsetting up a Financial Services User Group\n2010/C 199/02\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nWhereas:\n(1) One of the main objectives of the Union is to ensure the proper functioning of the internal market, of which financial services are an essential part.\n(2) In accordance with the better regulation principles, the Commission attaches great importance to ensuring proportionate user representation at all stages of the development of its policy on financial services. For this purpose, the Commission needs to call upon the expertise of specialists in an advisory body.\n(3) The Commission Communication of 4 March 2009\u2018Driving European recovery\u2019\u00a0(1) stated that the Commission will ensure that the voice of European investors is much more strongly heard on all financial issues.\n(4) In 2004 the Commission services established a forum of financial services users (FIN-USE) in order to secure expert input from the user perspective into the European Commission\u2019s financial services policymaking so that a more active and informed involvement of users could be achieved. The second three-year term of this group will come to an end in June 2010.\n(5) In 2006 the Commission services established the Financial Services Consumer Group (FSCG) as a sub-group of the existing European Consumer Consultative Group (ECCG) with the aim of bringing together representatives of consumer organisations from each of the Member States in order to discuss financial services policies and proposals of particular relevance to consumers. Its initial three-year term came to an\u00a0end in November 2009.\n(6) FIN-USE has played an important role in conveying the perspective of users of financial services by providing quality advice to the Commission. FIN-USE members have also engaged in dialogues with a number of stakeholders, contributing usefully to disseminating the views of users of financial services and thereby improving the overall quality of the decision-making process.\n(7) The FSCG has been a useful channel of communication with national and European consumer associations and has drawn attention to specific problems of concern to consumers.\n(8) There is a need to further coordinate the input of financial services users and to increase the capacity of consumers and retail investors, that is natural persons investing outside their trade, business or profession, to contribute to its initiatives in this area. This decision has been taken in the light of the experience acquired by the Commission as regards the operation of FIN-USE and the FSCG; the external evaluations of the workings of both bodies, and the relevance of EU financial services policies to the lives of citizens.\n(9) It is therefore necessary to set up a group of financial services users and to define its tasks, composition and structure in a formal legal act.\n(10) The group should be composed of financial services experts such as individuals appointed to represent the interests of consumers, retail investors or micro-enterprises, but also individual experts having particular expertise in users\u2019 needs and priorities in the field of financial services, for example lawyers representing consumers, employee or worker representatives or academics. The group should represent an adequate geographical coverage within the Union.\n(11) The group should assist the Commission in the preparation and monitoring of financial services policies having a potential impact on users of financial services. The group should secure high quality expert input to the Commission\u2019s financial services initiatives from representatives of financial services users and from individual financial services experts.\n(12) With a view to achieving the aims of further coordinating the input of financial services users and increasing the capacity of consumers, retail investors and micro-enterprises to contribute to its financial services initiatives, it is appropriate to provide adequate financial support to the group, in the form of annual fees for its members, reimbursement of travel and accommodation expenses, and a designated budget for research.\n(13) Having regard to the need to attract the best expertise in the very complex field of financial services among stakeholders who are not financial sector professionals, and having regard to the remuneration of members of comparable bodies at national level and the annual fees of FIN-USE and their periodic revision, the members of the group should receive an annual fee to ensure that they are adequately resourced to provide the required substantial input to the Commission, consisting of a workload of approximately 35 days, in addition to their participation in the meetings of the group.\n(14) Considering that external research might be necessary to enable members to fulfil the tasks of the group, the Commission may grant, upon request from the group, a\u00a0research budget for that purpose if it considers such request justified.\n(15) Rules on disclosure of information by members of the group should be laid down, without prejudice to the rules on security annexed to the Commission\u2019s Rules of Procedure by Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom\u00a0(2).\n(16) Personal data relating to members of the group should be processed in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data\u00a0(3),\nFinancial Services User Group\nA Financial Services User Group, hereinafter referred to as \u2018the group\u2019, is hereby set up.\nTasks\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group\u2019s tasks shall be:\n(a) to advise the Commission in the context of the preparation of legislative acts or other policy initiatives affecting users of financial services, including consumers, retail investors and micro-enterprises;\n(b) to provide insight, opinion and advice concerning the practical implementation of such policies;\n(c) to proactively seek to identify key financial services issues which affect users of financial services;\n(d) where appropriate, and in agreement with the Commission, to liaise with and provide information to financial services user representatives and representative bodies at the European Union and national level, as well as to other consultative groups administered by the Commission, such as the European Consumer Consultative Group, the Payment Systems Market Expert Group, the European Securities Markets Expert Group and the Expert Group on Financial Education.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The issues on which the group\u2019s opinion may be sought will encompass the full range of financial services policy areas including, but not limited to, retail banking, consumer and mortgage credit, payment means and systems, life and non-life insurance, pensions, retail investment products, securities markets and financial supervision.\nMembership \u2014 Appointment\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall be composed of 20 members, of which at least 11 shall represent the interests of consumers and retail investors as specified in paragraph 2(a) and (b) of this Article.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall appoint the members of the group following a call for expressions of interest. Members shall be:\n(a) individuals appointed to represent the interests of consumers; or\n(b) individuals appointed to represent the interests of retail investors; or\n(c) individuals appointed to represent the interests of micro-enterprises, as defined in Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC\u00a0(4), but excluding enterprises whose main business activity is the provision of financial services; or\n(d) individual experts with expertise in financial services from the perspective of the financial services user, excluding individuals currently employed by or acting on behalf of the financial services industry.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members selected on the basis of paragraph 2(d) of this Article shall be appointed in a personal capacity.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The term of office of the members of the group shall be three years. The term may be renewed twice.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members who are no longer capable of contributing effectively to the group\u2019s deliberations, who resign or who do not comply with the conditions set out in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article or Article 339 of the Treaty may be removed or replaced for the remainder of their term of office.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members appointed in a personal capacity shall each year sign an undertaking to act in the public interest and a declaration indicating the absence or existence of any interest which may undermine their objectivity.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of the members shall be published in the Register of Expert Groups of the Commission and on the relevant Commission websites.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The names of members shall be collected, processed and published in accordance with Regulation (EC)\u00a0No\u00a045/2001.\nOperation\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall elect a chairperson and a vice-chairperson from amongst the members by a simple majority. Both chairperson and vice-chairperson shall be renewed each year. They can both be reappointed.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, subgroups may be set up to examine specific issues under the terms of reference of the group. Such subgroups shall be dissolved as soon as their mandates are fulfilled.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In agreement with the Commission, the group may invite experts with specific knowledge to participate in the work of the group and of the subgroups.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Members of the group and their representatives, as well as invited experts shall comply with the obligations of professional secrecy laid down by the Treaties and their implementing rules, as well as with the Commission\u2019s rules on security regarding the protection of EU classified information, laid down in the Annex to Decision 2001/844/EC, ECSC, Euratom. Should they fail to respect these obligations, the Commission may take all appropriate measures.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall meet approximately eight times a year, normally on Commission premises in Brussels, in the form and according to the timetable determined by the Commission. Upon request of the members, one meeting per year may be held in another Member State.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall provide secretarial services for the group. Commission officials may attend meetings of the group and its subgroups.\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The group shall adopt its rules of procedure on the basis of the standard rules of procedure for expert groups.\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission may publish on the Internet, in the original language of the document, any written output of the group.\nRemuneration and expenses\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The members of the group shall be remunerated with an annual fee of EUR\u00a010\u00a0000 for their services. The level of the fee will be reviewed after three years.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Expenses shall be reimbursed within the limits of the annual budget allocated to the group by the responsible Commission services.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Commission shall reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses for members in connection with the group\u2019s activities in accordance with the provisions in force at the Commission. Where possible, Commission services may reimburse travel and, where appropriate, subsistence expenses of experts invited on an ad hoc basis, provided that the prior approval of the Commission services has been obtained, and in line with the Commission\u2019s rules on the compensation of external experts.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Where appropriate, the group may ask for external research to be carried out to enable it to fulfil its tasks. If the Commission considers such request(s) justified, it may decide to make available for this purpose a portion of its annual research budget up to a maximum of EUR\u00a0150\u00a0000. This budget shall be managed by the Commission in full compliance with its relevant rules and procedures", "answer groups": ["provision of services", "consultancy", "advisory committee (EU)", "financial market", "EU office or agency", "appointment of members", "self-employed person", "appointment of staff", "operation of the Institutions"], "distractor groups": ["carry-over of appropriations", "programmes industry", "catering", "EU law", "historical geography", "soft cheese"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "1999/70/EC: Council Decision of 25 January 1999 concerning the external auditors of the national central banks\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 25 January 1999 concerning the external auditors of the national central banks (1999/70/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Protocol on the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank and in particular to Article 27.1 thereof,\nHaving regard to the Recommendation of the European Central Bank (hereinafter referred to as the 'ECB`) of 12 November 1998 (1),\nWhereas the accounts of the ECB and of the national central banks (hereinafter referred to as the 'NCBs`) are to be audited by independent external auditors recommended by the Governing Council of the ECB and approved by the Council;\nWhereas the ECB has recommended the reappointment of the current external auditors appointed by each participating NCB subject to a possible later decision,\n1. KPMG R\u00e9viseurs d'Entreprises s.c., Antwerp, and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu s.c., Brussels, are hereby approved as the external auditors of the Banque Nationale de Belgique/Nationale Bank van Belgi\u00eb.\n2. KPMG Deutsche Treuhandgesellschaft AG and PwC Deutsche Revision AG are hereby approved as the external auditors of the Deutsche Bundesbank.\n3. Coopers & Lybrand, belonging to the international firm PricewaterhouseCoopers, is hereby approved as the external auditor of the Banco de Espa\u00f1a.\n4. Mazars & Gu\u00e9rard, Paris, and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu-Audit, Neuilly, are hereby approved as the external auditors of the Banque de France.\n5. PricewaterhouseCoopers, Dublin, is hereby approved as the external auditor of the Central Bank of Ireland.\n6. Reconta Ernst and Young, spa, Rome, is hereby approved as the external auditor of the Banca d'Italia.\n7. PricewaterhouseCoopers SARL (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e), R\u00e9viseur d'Entreprises, Luxembourg, is hereby approved as the external auditor of the Banque centrale du Luxembourg.\n8. Prof. Dr J.A. van Manen RA (Registered Accountant) is hereby approved as the external auditor of De Nederlandsche Bank, acting on a personal assignment, partner of PricewaterhouseCoopers.\n9. Prof. DDr Kurt Neuner, Dr Pipin Henzl, Dr Peter Wolf, Mag. Christian Hofer, Dkfm. Dr Peter Christian Gormasz and Dkfm. Leopold Wundsam, all of whom are registered certified public accountants, are hereby approved as the external auditors of the \u00d6sterreichische Nationalbank.\n10. PricewaterhouseCoopers-Auditores e Consultores Lda., is hereby approved as the external auditor of the Banco de Portugal.\n11. Arthur Anderson Oy is hereby approved as the external auditor of Suomen Pankki.\nThis Decision shall be notified to the ECB.\nThis Decision shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities", "answer groups": ["appointment of staff", "EU Member State", "central bank", "accountant", "self-employed person"], "distractor groups": ["deflation", "shopping centre", "installation allowance", "digital archiving", "EU publication", "management training", "economic offence", "Province of Antwerp", "parasitology", "Council of Ministers"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No\u00a0855/2010 of 27\u00a0September 2010 amending Regulation (EC) No\u00a01631/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of trichloroisocyanuric acid originating, inter alia, in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n29.9.2010 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 254/1\nCOUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 855/2010\nof 27 September 2010\namending Regulation (EC) No 1631/2005 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of trichloroisocyanuric acid originating, inter alia, in the People\u2019s Republic of China\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009 of 30 November 2009 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (\u2018the basic Regulation\u2019), and in particular Article 9(4), and Article 11(3),(5) and (6) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the European Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Measures in force\n(1) In October 2005, the Council, by Regulation (EC) No 1631/2005\u00a0(2) (the \u2018original Regulation\u2019), imposed definitive anti-dumping measures on imports of trichloroisocyanuric acid (\u2018TCCA\u2019) originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (\u2018PRC\u2019). The duty rates ranged from 7,3\u00a0% to 42,6\u00a0%.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Request for a review\n(2) In 2009, the Commission received a request for a partial interim review pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation. The request, limited in scope to the examination of dumping, was lodged by a Chinese exporting producer Heze Huayi Chemical Co., Ltd (\u2018Heze\u2019 or \u2018the applicant\u2019). The rate of the definitive anti-dumping duty applicable to the applicant is 14,1\u00a0%.\n(3) In its request, the applicant claimed that the circumstances on the basis of which measures were imposed have changed and that these changes are of a lasting nature. The applicant provided prima facie evidence that the continued imposition of the measure at its current level is no longer necessary to offset dumping.\n(4) In particular, the request was based on the claim that the TCCA unit cost of the applicant have significantly decreased since the original investigation as:\n\u2014 the applicant produces the main raw material needed to produce the product under investigation; and,\n\u2014 the applicant has increased its production capacity,\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Initiation of a review\n(5) Having determined, after consulting the Advisory Committee, that sufficient evidence existed for the initiation of a review, the Commission, on 2 July 2009, initiated an investigation\u00a0(3) pursuant to Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation, limited in scope to the examination of dumping in respect of the applicant.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned and like product\n(6) The product concerned by the current review is the same as that described in the original Regulation, trichloroisocyanuric acid and preparations thereof, also referred to as \u2018symclosene\u2019 under the international non-proprietary name (INN), originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (\u2018the product concerned\u2019), currently falling within CN codes ex\u00a02933\u00a069\u00a080 and ex\u00a03808\u00a094\u00a020.\n(7) The product produced and sold on the Chinese domestic market and that exported to the Union have the same basic physical, technical and chemical characteristics and uses and are therefore considered to be alike within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Parties concerned\n(8) The Commission officially advised the applicant, the Union industry, as well as the representatives of the government of the exporting country, of the initiation of the review.\n(9) Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set in the Notice of Initiation.\n(10) In order to obtain the information deemed necessary for its investigation, the Commission sent a market economy treatment (MET) claim form and a questionnaire to the applicant and received replies within the deadlines set for that purpose. The Commission sought and verified all the information it deemed necessary for the determination of dumping, and a verification visit was carried out at the premises of the applicant.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation period\n(11) The investigation of dumping covered the period from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009 (\u2018IP\u2019).\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Market economy treatment (\u2018MET\u2019)\n(12) Pursuant to Article 2(7)(b) of the basic Regulation, in anti-dumping investigations concerning imports originating in the PRC, normal value shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 6 of Article 2 of the basic Regulation for those exporting producers which were found to meet the criteria laid down in Article 2(7)(c) of the basic Regulation, i.e. where it is shown that market economy conditions prevail in respect of the manufacture and sale of the like product. These criteria are set out in summarised form below:\n\u2014 business decisions are made in response to market signals, without significant State interference, and costs reflect market values,\n\u2014 firms have one clear set of accounting records which are independently audited in line with international accounting standards (IAS) and applied for all purposes,\n\u2014 there are no significant distortions carried over from a former non-market economy system,\n\u2014 bankruptcy and property laws guarantee stability and legal certainty,\n\u2014 currency exchanges are carried out at market rate.\n(13) The investigation found that the applicant met all five MET criteria. It was found that during the IP, Heze made its business decisions without any State interference or distortions related to non-market economy conditions. Heze is subject to Chinese bankruptcy and property laws without any derogation. The company has one set of independently audited accounting records and accounting system and its practice was found to be in line with internationally accepted general accounting principles and IAS. Costs and prices were found to reflect market values and exchange rate conversions were carried out at market rates.\n(14) Based on the above facts and considerations, the applicant could be granted MET.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Normal value\n(15) For the determination of normal value it was first established whether Heze\u2019s total volume of domestic sales of the like product was representative in comparison with its total volume of export sales to the Union. In accordance with Article 2(2) of the basic Regulation, domestic sales are considered representative when the total domestic sales volume is at least 5\u00a0% of the total volume of corresponding export sales to the Union. The Commission established that TCCA was sold domestically by the applicant in overall representative volumes.\n(16) Subsequently, those types of the like product sold on the domestic market by the applicant that were identical and directly comparable to the types sold for export to the Union, were identified.\n(17) For each type sold by Heze on the domestic market and found to be directly comparable with the type sold for export to the Union, it was established whether domestic sales were sold in representative volume for the purposes of Article 2(2) of the basic Regulation. Domestic sales of a particular type were considered sufficiently representative when the total domestic sales volume of that type during the IP represented 5\u00a0% or more of the total sales volume of the comparable type exported to the Union.\n(18) It was also examined whether the domestic sales of each type could be regarded as having been made in the ordinary course of trade, pursuant to Article 2(4) of the basic Regulation. This was done by establishing the proportion of profitable sales to independent customers on the domestic market of each exported type of the product concerned during the IP.\n(19) Where the sales volume of a product type, sold at a net sales price equal to or above the calculated cost of production, represented more than 80\u00a0% of the total sales volume of that type, and where the weighted average price of that type was equal to or above the unit cost of production, normal value was based on the actual domestic price. This price was calculated as a weighted average of the prices of all domestic sales of that type made during the IP, irrespective of whether these sales were profitable or not.\n(20) Where the volume of profitable sales of a product type represented 80\u00a0% or less of the total sales volume of that type, or where the weighted average price of that type was below the unit cost of production, normal value was based on the actual domestic price, which was calculated as the weighted average price of only the profitable domestic sales of the type in question made during the IP.\n(21) Wherever domestic prices of a particular product type sold by Heze could not be used in order to establish the normal value, another method had to be applied. In this regard, the Commission used constructed normal value. In accordance with Article 2(3) of the basic Regulation, normal value was constructed by adding to the manufacturing costs of the exported types a reasonable amount for selling, general and administrative expenses (\u2018SG&A\u2019) and a reasonable margin of profit. Pursuant to Article 2(6) of the basic Regulation, the amounts for SG&A and profit margin were based on the average SG&A and profit margin of Heze sales in the ordinary course of trade of the like product.\n(22) In line with the methodology used in the original investigation, the cost of manufacturing was calculated for two types of products. Taking into account the information provided by the applicant, one cost of manufacturing was calculated for granules and tablets and a second one for powder.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Export price\n(23) As the product concerned was exported directly to independent customers in the Union, the export price was established in accordance with Article 2(8) of the basic Regulation, i.e. on the basis of export prices actually paid or payable for the product when sold for export to the Union.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Comparison\n(24) The average normal value and the average export price for each type of the product concerned were compared on an ex-works basis and at the same level of trade. In order to ensure a fair comparison between normal value and export price, account was taken, in accordance with Article 2(10) of the basic Regulation, of differences in factors which were claimed and demonstrated to affect prices and price comparability. For this purpose, adjustments for transport costs, ocean freight and insurance costs, handling, credit costs, and bank charges were made where applicable and justified. Furthermore, it was found that VAT was partially refunded when the product concerned was sold for export to the Union. Consequently, the VAT payable on domestic sales was adjusted accordingly pursuant to Article 2(10)(b) of the basic Regulation.\n(25) With regard to the packing cost allowance, the applicant claimed an allowance in respect of packing expenses for sales in both the Chinese and the Union markets. The verification showed that those costs were equally included in the cost of production of the product regardless of whether it was to be sold domestically or for export. Therefore, the allowance claimed was not accepted either in the domestic or in the export market.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dumping Margin\n(26) As provided for under Article 2(11) of the basic Regulation, the weighted average normal value by type was compared with the weighted average export price of the corresponding type of the product concerned. This comparison showed the existence of dumping.\n(27) The dumping margin of Heze expressed as a percentage of the net, free-at-Union-frontier price was found to be 3,2\u00a0%.\nC.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0LASTING NATURE OF CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES\n(28) In accordance with Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation, it was also examined whether the changed circumstances which were found to exist could reasonably be considered to be of a lasting nature.\n(29) The applicant provided full cooperation in this interim review and the data collected and verified allowed for the establishment of a dumping margin based on its individual export prices to the Union. The result of this calculation indicates that the continued application of the measure at its current level is no longer justified.\n(30) Evidence obtained and verified during the investigation showed a reduction in the level of dumping explained by the reduction of the company cost structure. The main factors to trigger the reduction in the applicant\u2019s cost structure are the in-house production of the main raw material and the expansion in the applicant\u2019s production capacity.\n(31) It was also found that since the original investigation, Heze\u2019s export prices to all markets increased. In particular, export prices to the Union are in line with the company\u2019s export prices to other third countries. Evidence collected on spot showed that the company has many Union customers with similar price levels. The consistent market behaviour of the applicant shows that the changes in circumstances are of a lasting nature.\n(32) In the light of the above, it is therefore considered that the circumstances that led to the initiation of this review are unlikely to change in the foreseeable future in a manner that would affect the findings of the current review. Therefore it is concluded that the changes are considered to be of a lasting nature and that the application of the measure at its current level is no longer justified.\nD.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES\n(33) In the light of the results of this review investigation, it is considered appropriate to amend the anti-dumping duty applicable to imports of the product concerned from Heze to 3,2\u00a0%,\nThe entry concerning Heze Huayi Chemical Co. Limited, in the table in Article 1(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1631/2005, shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018PRC Heze Huayi Chemical Co. Limited 3,2\u00a0% A629\u2019\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["originating product", "acid", "anti-dumping duty", "China", "anti-dumping legislation", "chemical product"], "distractor groups": ["Economic Interest Grouping", "water protection", "charcoal", "historical geography", "political centre", "testing", "province", "living plant", "waterway transport"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2003/303/EC: Commission Decision of 25 April 2003 amending Decision 97/296/EC to authorise import of fishery products from Sri Lanka (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2003) 1287)\nCommission Decision\nof 25 April 2003\namending Decision 97/296/EC to authorise import of fishery products from Sri Lanka\n(notified under document number C(2003) 1287)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2003/303/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Decision 95/408/EC of 22 of June 1995 on the conditions for drawing up, for an interim period, provisional lists of third country establishments from which Member States are authorised to import certain products of animal origin, fishery products or live bivalve molluscs(1), as last amended by Decision 2001/4/EC(2), and in particular Article 2 (2) and (3) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Decision 97/296/EC(3), as last amended by Decision 2002/863/EC(4), lists the countries and territories from which importation of fishery products for human consumption is authorised. Part I of the Annex to Decision 97/296/EC list the names of the countries and territories covered by a specific Decision under Council Directive 91/493/EEC(5) and part II names those qualifying under Article 2(2) of Decision 95/408/EC.\n(2) Commission Decision 2003/302/EC(6) sets specific import conditions for fishery products originating in Sri Lanka. This country should therefore be added to the list in part I of the Annex to Decision 97/296/EC.\n(3) Decision 97/296/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(4) This Decision should take effect on the same day as Decision 2003/302/EC.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,\nThe Annex to Decision 97/296/EC is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Decision.\nThis Decision shall apply from 17 June 2003.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["originating product", "human nutrition", "import", "Sri Lanka", "marketing standard", "third country", "fishery product"], "distractor groups": ["turnkey factory", "EU aid", "group of companies", "Group of 77", "CEAE", "social well-being", "security of supply", "international organisation"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2024/87 of 8 July 1987 re-establishing the levying of customs duties on jerseys, pullovers, etc., products of category 5 (code 40.0050), parka' s, anoraks, etc., products of category 21 (code 40.0210), women' s or girls' nightdresses, pyjamas, etc., products of category 24 (code 40.0240) and track suits, products of category 73 (code 40.0730) originating in Indonesia to which the preferential tariff arrangements of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3925/86 apply\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2024/87\nof 8 July 1987\nre-establishing the levying of customs duties on jerseys, pullovers, etc., products of category 5 (code 40.0050), parka's, anoraks, etc., products of category 21 (code 40.0210), women's or girls' nightdresses, pyjamas, etc., products of category 24 (code 40.0240) and track suits, products of category 73 (code 40.0730) originating in Indonesia to which the preferential tariff arrangements of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3925/86 apply\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3925/86 of 16 December 1986 applying generalized tariff preferences for 1987 in respect of textile products originating in developing countries (1), and in particular Article 4 thereof,\nWhereas Article 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 3925/86 provides that preferential tariff treatment shall be accorded, for each category of products subjected to individual ceilings not allocated among the Member States, within the limits of the quantities specified in column 7 of its Annexes I or II, in respect of certain or each of the countries or territories of origin referred to in column 5 of the same Annexes; whereas Article 3 of that Regulation provides that the levying of customs duties may be re-established at any time in respect of imports of the products in question once the relevant individual ceilings have been reached at Community level;\nWhereas, in respect of jerseys, pullovers, etc., products of category 5 (code 40.0050), parka's, anoraks, etc., products of category 21 (code 40.0210), women's or girls' nightdresses or pyjamas, etc., products of category 24 (code 40.0240) and track suits, products of category 73 (code 40.0730) the relevant ceiling amounts to 24 500, 25 400, 35 400 and 7 100 pieces respectively; whereas on 1 June 1987 imports of the products in question into the Community originating in Indonesia, a country covered by preferential tariff arrangements, reached and were charged against that ceiling;\nWhereas it is appropriate to re-establish the levying of customs duties for the products in question with regard to Indonesia,\nAs from 13 July 1987 the levying of customs duties, suspended in pursuance of Council Regulation (EEC) No 3925/86, shall be re-established in respect of the following products, imported into the Community and originating in Indonesia:\n1.2.3.4.5 // // // // // // Code // Category // CCT heading No // NIMEXE code (1986) // Description // // // // // // // (1) // (2) // (3) // (4) // // // // // // // // // // // 40.0050 // 5 // 60.05 ex A // // Outer garments and other articles, knitted or crocheted, not elastic or rubberized: // // // // // A. Outer garments and clothing accessories: // // // // 60.05-01, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 80 // Knitted or crocheted Jerseys, pullovers, slip-overs, waistcoats, twinsets, cardigans, bedjackets and jumpers (other than jackets and blazers), anoraks, windcheaters, waister jackets and the like // // // // // // 40.0210 // 21 // 61.01 ex B // // Men's and boys' outer garments: // // // 61.02 ex B // // Women's, girls' and infants' outer garments: // // // // // B. Other: // // // // 61.01-29, 31, ex 32 61.02-25, 26, ex 28 // Parkas, anoraks, windcheaters, waister jackets and the like, other than knitted or crocheted, of wool, of cotton or of\n(1) OJ No L 373, 31. 12. 1986, p. 68.\n// // // // // // Code // Category // CCT heading No // NIMEXE code (1986) // Description // // // // // // // (1) // (2) // (3) // (4) // // // // // // // 40.0240 // 24 // 60.04 ex B // // Under garments, knitted or crocheted, not elastic or rubberized: // // // // 60.04-35, 47, 51, 53, 65, 73, 81, 83 // Men's and boys' night-shirts, pyjamas, bathrobes, dressing gowns and similar articles, knitted or crocheted // // // // 60.05-84 // Women's or girls' night-dresses, pyjamas, n\u0102\u0160glig\u0102\u0160s, bathrobes, dressing gowns, and similar articles, knitted or corcheted // // // // // // 40.0730 // 73 // 60.05 ex A // // Outer garments and other articles, knitted or crocheted, not elastic or rubberized: // // // // // A. Outer garments and clothing accessories: // // // // // II. Other: // // // // 60.05-16, 17, 19 // Track suits of knitted or crocheted of wool, of cotton or of man-made fibres // // // // //\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Indonesia", "restoration of customs duties", "tariff preference"], "distractor groups": ["crop rotation", "evacuation of the population", "farm income", "regulation of telecommunications", "banking policy", "tax on profits of self-employment", "Sulawesi", "implementation of the budget", "auditing", "Northern Portugal", "European Court of Human Rights", "customs profession"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01172/2007 of 5 October 2007 amending Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01891/2004 of 21 October 2004 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01383/2003 concerning customs action against goods suspected of infringing certain intellectual property rights and the measures to be taken against goods found to have infringed such rights\n6.10.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 261/12\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1172/2007\nof 5 October 2007\namending Commission Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004 of 21 October 2004 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003 concerning customs action against goods suspected of infringing certain intellectual property rights and the measures to be taken against goods found to have infringed such rights\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003 of 22 July 2003 concerning customs action against goods suspected of infringing certain intellectual property rights and the measures to be taken against goods found to have infringed such rights\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 20 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003 provides for action by the customs authorities in respect of goods suspected of infringing certain intellectual property rights.\n(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004\u00a0(2) lays down provisions for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003, in particular as regards the application for action forms. Annexes I and II to that Regulation contain the models showing the required format of such application forms.\n(3) Annexes I-C and II-C to Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004 contain the list of competent authorities to which applications for national and Community action respectively must be submitted. Article 8 of the Regulation provides that the Commission must publish the list of departments within the customs authority, as referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1383/2003, in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union. As the lists in Annexes I-C and II-C contain information that is subject to change and needs to be regularly updated, it is more appropriate to publish them in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union. Annexes I-C and II-C to Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004 should therefore be deleted.\n(4) On 1 January 2007 Bulgaria and Romania acceded to the European Union. Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004 should therefore be adapted to include reference to these countries in the Community application for action form which it contains.\n(5) The Community application for action form should have been adapted by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1792/2006 of 23 October 2006 adapting certain regulations and decisions in the fields of free movement of goods, freedom of movement of persons, competition policy, agriculture (veterinary and phytosanitary legislation), fisheries, transport policy, taxation, statistics, social policy and employment, environment, customs union and external relations by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania\u00a0(3), which entered into force on the date of the entry into force of the Treaty of Accession of these countries.\n(6) In the interests of consistency, the Community application for action form should be adapted from the date of accession of Bulgaria and Romania.\n(7) Regulation (EC) No 1891/2004 should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nRegulation (EC) No 1891/2004 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. In Annex I, in box 2 of the national application for action (AA) form, the words \u2018(see Annex l-C for details)\u2019 are deleted.\n2. Annex I-C is deleted.\n3. Annex II is replaced by the text in the Annex to this Regulation.\n4. In Annex IIA, in the final sentence, the words \u2018listed in Annex II-C\u2019 are deleted.\n5. Annex II-C is deleted.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nHowever, Article 1(3) shall apply from 1 January 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["illicit trade", "industrial counterfeiting", "form", "intellectual property", "customs regulations", "Bulgaria", "fraud", "customs inspection", "Romania"], "distractor groups": ["video cassette", "revision of an agreement", "composite materials", "housing cooperative", "EFTA", "location of industry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "95/362/EC: Council Decision of 7 September 1995 appointing four members and four alternate members of the Committee of the Regions\nCOUNCIL DECISION of 7 September 1995 appointing four members and four alternate members of the Committee of the Regions (95/362/EC)\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 198a thereof,\nHaving regard to the Council Decision 94/65/EC of 26 January 1994 appointing members and alternate members of the Committee of the Regions for the period 26 January 1994 to 25 January 1998 (1),\nWhereas four members' seats have become vacant on the Committee of the Regions following the resignations of Ms F. Ghilardotti, Mr J. I. P\u00e9rez S\u00e1enz, Mr J. Leguina Herr\u00e1n and Ms A. Mart\u00ednez Garc\u00eda;\nWhereas four alternate members' seats have become vacant on the Committee following the resignation of Mr E. Ferrero, Mr A. Ramos Cuenca, Ms E. Borondo Mora and Mr C. Huidobro Diez, which were notified to the Council on 7 September 1994 and 10, 12 and 14 July 1995;\nHaving regard to the proposals from the Italian and Spanish Governments,\n1. Mr R. Formigoni is hereby appointed a member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Ms F. Ghilardotti for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n2. Mr P. Sanz is hereby appointed a member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr J. I. P\u00e9rez S\u00e1enz for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n3. Mr A. Ruiz-Gallard\u00f3n is hereby appointed a member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr J. Leguina Herr\u00e1n for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n4. Mr R. L. Valc\u00e1rcel is hereby appointed a member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Ms A. Mart\u00ednez Garc\u00eda for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n5. Mr G. Mori is hereby appointed an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr E. Ferrero for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n6. Mr J. Pedroche is hereby appointed an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr A. Ramos Cuenca for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n7. Mr P. Soto Garc\u00eda is hereby appointed an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Ms E. Borondo Mora for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998.\n8. Mr I. L\u00f3pez Andueza is hereby appointed an alternate member of the Committee of the Regions in place of Mr C. Huidobro Diez for the remainder of the latter's term of office, which runs until 25 January 1998", "answer groups": ["Italy", "appointment of staff", "Spain", "region", "committee (EU)", "alternate"], "distractor groups": ["Franche-Comt\u00e9", "Pleven region", "trade regulations", "mineral oil", "codecision procedure", "transport accident", "tourist guide", "election result", "free service"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "90/87/ECSC: Commission Decision of 22 February 1990 concerning an application for refund of an anti-dumping duty collected on the import of flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel originating in Mexico and Yugoslavia (Transformados Siderurgicos, SA) (Only the Spanish text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 22 February 1990\nconcerning an application for refund of an anti-dumping duty collected on the import of flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel originating in Mexico and Yugoslavia (Transformados Sider\u00fargicos, SA)\n(Only the Spanish text is authentic)\n(90/87/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community,\nHaving regard to Commission Decision No 2424/88/ECSC of 29 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Coal and Steel Community (1), and in particular Article 16 thereof,\nWhereas:\nA. Procedure\n(1) By Decision No 2132/88/ECSC (2) the Commission imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain iron or steel coils originating in Mexico and Yugoslavia and definitively collected provisional anti-dumping duty imposed on those imports. The rate of duty was fixed at ECU 50 per 1 000 kg for Mexico and ECU 64 per 1 000 kg for Yugoslavia.\n(2) On 30 November 1988 the Spanish firm Transformados Siderurgicos SA submitted, through the intermediary of the Spanish authorities, an application for the partial refund of the anti-dumping duties definitively collected on imports of rolled products originating in Mexico and Yugoslavia. The duties paid were Ptas [ . . . ] and Ptas [ . . . ] respectively. The refunds requested were Ptas [ . . . ] and Ptas [ . . . ] respectively (3). In view of the fact that the applicant had not claimed nor tried to prove, in accordance with Article 16 of Decision No 2424/88/ECSC, that the duties collected exceeded the effective dumping margin, bearing in mind the application of weighted averages, the Commission informed it that its application could not be accepted.\n(3) The applicant had the opportunity to submit its comments prior to the final decision.\n(4) The Commission informed the Member States and gave its opinion on the matter. No Member State raised any objection.\nB. Argument of the applicant\n(5) The applicant argued that its claim should have been covered by the provisions of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2336/86 of 24 July 1986 concerning the anti-dumping duties applicable to imports from third countries into Spain and Portugal (4). The rate of customs duty in force in Spain for the imported products in question (8,9 % at the relevant time) was, during the transitional period prior to Spain's accession to the European Communities, higher than that fixed by the Common Customs Tariff (4,4 %). The sums for which a refund has been requested are equivalent to the difference, on the basis of the abovementioned Regulation No 2336/86. The applicant maintained that if the refund were not granted the Spanish firms would be the victims of discrimination because they would have to bear an additional charge not borne by firms in other Member States and not justified by the objective of the anti-dumping measure.\nC. Admissibility\n(6) The application is admissible in that it was introduced in conformity with the relevant provisions of the Community's anti-dumping legislation, in particular with regard to the time-limits.\nD. Merits of the claim\n(7) The application is unfounded. A refund of anti-dumping duties can be granted only on the basis of proof furnished by the applicant importer that the effective dumping margin is less than the anti-dumping duty paid or is zero. The applicant wrote that it agreed with the size of the dumping margin and how it was determined. The Commission reminded the applicant of the information which had to be produced in order to establish the effective dumping margin, but the applicant merely referred to the invoices and customs documents produced in support of its application, which it proposed to compare with the normal value calcu\nlated during the original investigation. The applicant was reminded that the effective dumping margin is established on the basis of the normal value and the export prices during a period of six months preceding the import in question. The applicant did not attempt to produce information other than that presented with the application.\n(8) With regard to the application of Regulation (EEC) No 2336/86, which was the sole object of the applicant's arguments, this is the responsibility of the national administrative or legal authorities, or, if necessary, the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is therefore not for the Commission to decide whether to apply it, even though the Spanish authorities in their notice accompanying the application to the Commission indicated that Regulation (EEC) No 2336/86 would not apply in the case of anti-dumping duties imposed by virtue of Decision No 2424/88/ECSC. This question has yet to be settled by the Tribunal Econ\u00f3mico Administrativo before which the applicant states in its application that it has brought the matter.\n(9) The applicant had asked the Commission to ask the Council to amend Regulation (EEC) No 2336/86. The Commission decided not to take that step since the aim of the Regulation was to settle the specific case of the anti-dumping duties already in force prior to the accession of the two new Member States to the Communities.\n(10) Consequently, the application is unfounded and must be rejected,\nThe application for the refund of anti-dumping duties submitted by Transformados Siderurgicos SA is hereby rejected.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Spain and Transformados Siderurgicos SA, Pol\u00edgono Cantarranas, Pancorbo (Burgos), Spain", "answer groups": ["import", "Mexico", "Yugoslavia", "metal product"], "distractor groups": ["production standard", "party congress", "undernourishment", "secretariat of an Institution", "damages", "vision of Europe", "European electoral system", "Province of Luxembourg", "ecological tourism", "apartheid", "Council of Europe fund"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01863/2005 of 15 November 2005 opening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of common wheat held by the Latvian intervention agency for processing into flour in the Community\n16.11.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 299/40\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1863/2005\nof 15 November 2005\nopening a standing invitation to tender for the resale on the Community market of common wheat held by the Latvian intervention agency for processing into flour in the Community\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 of 29 September 2003 on the common organisation of the market in cereals\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 6 thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93 of 28 July 1993 laying down the procedure and conditions for the sale of cereals held by intervention agencies\u00a0(2) provides in particular that cereals held by intervention agencies are to be sold by tendering procedure at a selling price which is not below the price recorded on the market at the place of storage or, failing that, on the nearest market, account being taken of transport costs, for an equivalent quality and for a representative quantity preventing market disturbance.\n(2) Due to adverse weather conditions at the time of the 2005 harvest, the forecast quantity of common wheat in Latvia is insufficient to meet internal demand. Moreover, Latvia has intervention stocks of common wheat, outlets for which are hard to find and which should therefore be disposed of. Sales on the Community market may therefore be organised by tendering procedure with a view to processing the common wheat into flour.\n(3) To take account of the situation on the Community market, provision should be made for the Commission to manage this invitation to tender. In addition, provision must be made for an award coefficient for tenders offering the minimum selling price.\n(4) To enable checks on the particular destination of the stocks covered by tendering procedures, provision should be made for specific monitoring of the delivery of the common wheat and its processing into flour. To permit this monitoring, application of the procedures laid down by Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92 of 16 October 1992 laying down common detailed rules for verifying the use and/or destination of products from intervention\u00a0(3) should be made compulsory.\n(5) To guarantee proper performance, tenderers should be asked to lodge a security which, in view of the nature of the operations concerned, should be fixed by derogation from Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93, in particular as regards its level, which must be sufficient to guarantee the proper use of the products, and the conditions for its release, which must include proof of processing of the products into flour.\n(6) It is also important that the Latvian intervention agency\u2019s notification to the Commission should maintain the anonymity of the tenderers.\n(7) With a view to modernising management, the information required by the Commission should be sent by electronic mail.\n(8) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Cereals,\nThe Latvian intervention agency shall open a standing invitation to tender for the sale on the Community market of 24\u00a0276\u00a0tonnes of common wheat held by it with a view to its processing into flour.\nThe sale provided for in Article 1 shall take place in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93.\nHowever, notwithstanding:\n(a) Article 13(1) of that Regulation, tenders shall be drawn up by reference to the actual quality of the lot to which they apply;\n(b) the second paragraph of Article 10 of that Regulation, the minimum selling price shall be set at a level which does not disturb the cereals market.\nTenders shall be valid only if they are accompanied by:\n(a) proof that the tenderer has lodged a security which, notwithstanding the second subparagraph of Article 13(4) of Regulation (EEC) No 2131/93, is set at EUR\u00a010 per tonne;\n(b) the tenderer\u2019s written undertaking to use the common wheat for processing within the Community into flour within 60 days of its release from intervention storage and in any event before 31 August 2006 and to lodge a security of EUR\u00a040 per tonne within two working days of the day on which the notice of award of contract is received;\n(c) an undertaking to keep stock records so that checks may be carried out to ensure that the quantities of common wheat awarded have been processed on Community territory into flour.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The first partial invitation to tender shall expire at 15.00 (Brussels time) on 23 November 2005.\nThe closing dates for the submission of tenders for subsequent partial invitations to tender shall be each Wednesday at 15.00 (Brussels time), with the exception of 28 December 2005 and 12 April and 24 May 2006, i.e. weeks when no invitation to tender shall be made.\nThe closing date for the submission of tenders for the last partial invitation to tender shall be 28 June 2006 at 15.00 (Brussels time).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tenders must be lodged with the Latvian intervention agency at the following address:\nRural Support Service\nRepublic Square 2,\nRiga, LV-1981\nLatvia\nTel. (371) 702\u00a078\u00a093\nFax (371) 702\u00a078\u00a092\nThe Latvian intervention agency shall send the Commission the tenders received, no later than two hours after expiry of the time-limit for submitting tenders. This notification shall be made by e-mail, using the form in Annex I hereto.\nUnder the procedure laid down in Article 25(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1784/2003 the Commission shall set the minimum selling price or decide not to award any quantities. In the event that tenders are submitted for the same lot and for a quantity larger than that available, the Commission may fix this price separately for each lot.\nWhere tenders are offering the minimum selling price, the Commission may fix an award coefficient for the quantities offered at the same time as it fixes the minimum selling price.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The security referred to in Article 3(a) shall be released in full in respect of quantities for which:\n(a) no award is made;\n(b) payment of the selling price is made within the period set and the security referred to in Article 3(b) has been lodged.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The security referred to in Article 3(b) shall be released in proportion to the quantities of common wheat used for the production of flour in the Community.\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Proof that the undertakings referred to in Article 3(b) have been met shall be supplied in accordance with Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In addition to the particulars provided for in Regulation (EEC) No 3002/92, box 104 of the control copy T5 shall refer to the undertaking provided for in Article 3(b) and (c) and contain one of the entries shown in Annex II.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["award of contract", "intervention agency", "Latvia", "common wheat", "sale"], "distractor groups": ["political system", "Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg", "trade union", "aid to undertakings", "political left", "seasonal employment", "monthly pay", "Kurzeme", "plain", "County of Krapina-Zagorje"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No 2474/95 of 23 October 1995 amending Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of television camera systems originating in Japan\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 2474/95 of 23 October 1995 amending Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of television camera systems originating in Japan\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 3283/94 of 22 December 1994 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community (1), and in particular Article 23 thereof,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (2), and in particular Article 14 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA. PREVIOUS PROCEDURE\n(1) The Council, by Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 (3), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of television camera systems originating in Japan.\n(2) The Council specifically excluded from the scope of the anti-dumping duty the professional cameras listed in the Annex to that Regulation (hereinafter referred to as 'the Annex`), representing high-end professional cameras technically falling within the product definition under Article 1 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 but which cannot be regarded as broadcast cameras.\nB. REVIEW PROCEDURE\n(3) Subsequently, several exporters made it known to the Commission that they intended to introduce new models of professional cameras into the Community market, which in their view should be added to the list of camera models in the Annex exempted from the anti-dumping duty.\n(4) The Japanese producer, Ikegami, announced the introduction into the Community market of a broadcast camera (HK-466/P) which is furnished with four sensors, charge-coupled devices (CCDs), instead of three CCDs, as described in the product definition for broadcast cameras under Article 1 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94. The complainant Community producers (hereinafter 'the Community industry`) requested the inclusion of this camera within the scope of the anti-dumping duty since they claimed that it was a like product, and provided technical specifications.\n(5) The Commission commenced a review of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 in June 1994, limited to determining whether the new products fall within the scope of the present proceeding.\nC. RESULTS OF THE REVIEW\n(a) Successor or new models (6) The Commission informed all parties concerned of the possibility of applying for inclusion in the Annex of new or successor models.\n(7) The following companies made applications in respect of the new and the successor models listed below and supplied the relevant technical information.\nSuccessor models (i) Hitachi - camera head HV-C20 and submodel HV-C20M,\n- camera head Z-ONE-D and submodels (A), (B) and (C),\n- camera control units RU-Z2, RC-Z1, RC-Z11, RC-Z2, RC-Z21,\n- camera adaptors CA-Z1, CA-Z2, CA-Z1SJ, CA-Z1SP, CA-Z1M, CA-Z1M2, CA-Z1HB, CA-C10, CA-C10SP, CA-C10SJA, CA-C10M, CA-C10B,\n- view finder GM-50 (A).\n(ii) Ikegami - camera head HC-390,\n- viewfinder VF 15-39,\n- camera adaptor CA-390.\n(iii) JVC - camera head KY-27CECH,\n- camera control unit RM-P27OEG.\n(iv) Matsushita - camera head WV-F-565HE,\n- viewfinder WV-VF42E,\n- remote control units WV-RC550/G and WV-RC550/B.\n(v) Sony - camera head family DXC-637 P in the configurations DXC-637PK, DXC-637PL, DXC-637PH, PVW-637PK and PVW-637PL,\n- view finders DXF-601CE, DXF-40BCE and DXF-50BCE.\nNew models:\n(vi) JVC - camera head KH-100U: it is intended to be used in a closed circuit system (such as lecture halls, exhibition rooms and theatres). It can only be used in the Japanese high definition standard (Hi-Vision) and cannot be employed under the current European broadcast standard (PAL or Secam).\n(8) The Commission provided the Community industry concerned with the technical details of all of the models listed above and asked them to give their comments regarding the classification as professional cameras.\nThe Community industry confirmed that all of the models mentioned under recital 7 were either successors to professional camera models which were already excluded from the application of the duty or new models of professional cameras.\n(9) The Commission carried out a technical examination, which for the successor models included a physical comparison with the predecessor models. On the basis of this technical examination and in the light of the comments made by the interested parties concerned, it is concluded that all models listed in recital 7 are either professional cameras and related equipment which replace or update models previously listed in the Annex, or new models of professional cameras. It follows that they should be exempt from the application of the anti-dumping duty and that the Annex should be amended accordingly.\n(b) The four-CCD camera (10) The Commission asked Ikegami to supply information on its new four-CCD camera and to comment on the request of the Community industry. Ikegami provided technical details and explanations regarding the four-CCD camera. On this basis, all interested parties concerned were invited to make their comments.\nIkegami's position (11) From the formal point of view, Ikegami argued that the four-CCD camera was not covered by the anti-dumping proceeding, since no complaint had been lodged in regard to it and it had not submitted to investigation at that time. Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 concerns only camera heads with three sensors. Ikegami further argued that a review could not alter the scope of the proceedings, which was defined in the notice of initiation and in the provisional and definitive duty regulations.\n(12) As far as the technical aspects are concerned, Ikegami claimed that the four-CCD camera is not a like product comparable to three-CCD cameras, since a completely new technology was employed. Two of the CCDs are intended to pick up the light for the colour green. Ikegami submitted a memorandum showing that scientific research on the use of two CCDs for the green channel had already started in 1991 and claimed it to be a technical development which had been envisaged before the imposition of the anti-dumping duty and which was therefore not related to the application of the imposed anti-dumping duty.\nIkegami pointed out that the four-CCD system offers a number of advantages over three-CCD cameras:\n- a higher resolution of the whole image,\n- a better modulation-depth,\n- a higher dynamic range,\n- less aliasing,\n- the reduction of chromatic aberration of the lenses.\n(13) From the market perspective, Ikegami claimed that four-CCD cameras formed a separate market segment, being the only products optimized for 16: 9 Pal-Plus production, and that, with the introduction of the new HK-466/P, a new market segment would be created. In conclusion, Ikegami took the view that this product could not cause injury to the three-CCD Community industry.\nComments from other exporters (14) Only one exporter commented stating that the new four-CCD cameras did not show any substantial change as compared with the three-CCD cameras and that except for the four-CCD camera head containing certain new parts, all the other components were identical; the exporter was of the view that this product could therefore be regarded as equivalent to the three-CCD systems.\nComments from the Community industry (15) As regards the technical aspects, the Community industry stated that the addition of one CCD did not have any significant impact on the nature of the product as a broadcast camera. They affirmed that the double CCD in halfpixel offset is only an intermediate solution, merely representing a way of temporarily overcoming technological problems. The four CCD technology may represent an improvement in the performance of Ikegami's cameras, but not in the whole market. The existence of a different approach known as the dynamic pixel management (DPM) technology was mentioned as a way of obtaining the same results in terms of vertical/horizontal resolutions.\n(16) From a market perspective, the Community industry asserted that the four-CCD will not create any separate market segment, as it would target the same users as the three-CCD cameras currently do. They conclude that the four-CCD camera is not a new product, nor is it creating a new market segment. Consequently, it should fall within the scope of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94.\nConclusion (17) From a formal point of view, the product definition given under Article 1 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 referred to three-CCD cameras solely in order to differentiate the products covered by the proceeding from single-CCD cameras (camcorders), which are excluded. However, four-CCD cameras fall within the single category of product concerned and would have been expressly mentioned in the description of the product subject to the investigation, had they been known then to exist. Thus it is not a question of extension of the scope of the proceeding but merely a clarification of the product definition.\n(18) From a technical point of view, the four-CCD camera is a like product. Ikegami's new four-CCD camera offers an equivalent performance, compared to the three-CCD camera system, since the addition of one CCD does not bring any substantial change to the technology employed in three-CCD cameras. It can be concluded that the four-CCD camera is only one possible technical solution to be regarded as an 'internal` evolution which has been developed by one competitor in order to face growing competition and technical complexity in the camera market.\n(19) From a market perspective, the four-CCD camera does not target a separate new market segment, being a broadcast product which will be potentially bought by the same users which are currently using three-CCD broadcast cameras.\n(20) For the reasons stated above, four-CCD cameras should be subject to the anti-dumping duty imposed. Therefore Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 should be amended accordingly.\n(21) Since the scope of the review has been limited to the issue of the classification of new products, the conclusion of this review should not affect the determination of the expiry date of Regulation (EC) No 1015/94 pursuant to Article 15 (1) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88,\nRegulation (EC) No 1015/94 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. in point (a) of Article 1 (2), 'three sensors` shall be replaced by 'three or more sensors`;\n2. the Annex shall be replaced by the Annex hereto.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.\nHowever, Article 1 (2) shall apply with effect from 1 May 1994.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Japan", "import", "recording equipment", "television", "anti-dumping duty"], "distractor groups": ["Western Estonia", "loan", "medical tourism", "militarism", "Bremen", "Secretariat of the Pacific Community", "leaf vegetable", "employment policy", "agricultural equipment", "budget estimate"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0785/2005 of 23 May 2005 terminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of silicon originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n26.5.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 132/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 785/2005\nof 23 May 2005\nterminating the partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of silicon originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 384/96 of 22 December 1995 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (basic Regulation), and in particular Articles 11(3) and 22(c) thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission, after consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Measures in force\n(1) In March 2004 following an expiry review, the Council, by Regulation (EC) No 398/2004\u00a0(2), imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of silicon metal (silicon) originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (the PRC). The rate of the definitive duty applicable to the net, free-at-Community frontier price, before duty, was 49\u00a0%.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Initiation\n(2) On 20 March 2004 the Commission announced through the publication of a notice\u00a0(3) in the Official Journal of the European Union, the initiation of a partial interim review of the measures applicable to, inter alia, imports of silicon originating in the PRC pursuant to Articles 11(3) and 22(c) of the basic Regulation.\n(3) The review was launched on the initiative of the Commission in order to examine whether, as a consequence of the enlargement of the European Union on 1 May 2004 (enlargement), and bearing in mind the aspect of Community interest, there was a need to adapt the measures in order to avoid a sudden and excessively negative effect on interested parties, including users, distributors and consumers.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product under consideration\n(4) The product under consideration is the same as in the investigation which led to the imposition of the existing measures, i.e. silicon metal originating in the PRC, classifiable within CN code 2804\u00a069\u00a000 (silicon content less than 99,99\u00a0% by weight). Purely by reason of the current classification set out in the Customs nomenclature, it should read \u2018silicon\u2019. Silicon with a higher purity, that is containing by weight not less than 99,99\u00a0% of silicon, used mostly in the electronic semiconductor industry, falls under a different CN code and is not covered by this proceeding.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation\n(5) The Commission officially advised the importers, the users and the exporters known to be concerned and their associations, the representatives of the exporting country concerned and the Community producers about the initiation of the investigation. Interested parties were given the opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set out in the notice of initiation.\n(6) China Chamber of Commerce of Metals, Minerals & Chemicals Importers & Exporters (CCCMC), the Community industry association (Euroalliages), importers/traders, the authorities of some new Member States which joined the European Union on 1 May 2004 (the EU-10) and users of silicon in the EU-10 made their views known in writing. All parties which so requested within the time limit, and which demonstrated that there were particular reasons why they should be heard, were granted the opportunity to be heard.\n(7) The Commission sought and verified all the information it deemed necessary for the purpose of a determination of the appropriateness of the measures in force.\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINDINGS OF THE INVESTIGATION AND TERMINATION OF THE PARTIAL INTERIM REVIEW\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Imports of silicon from the PRC to the EU-10\n(8) The investigation has shown that an average yearly increase in import volumes of silicon from the PRC into the EU-10, as reported by Eurostat, was around 13\u00a0% in 2001 and 2002. In 2003 import volumes increased by around 54\u00a0% due to the significant increase in the period October to December.\n(9) Furthermore, an abnormal increase in import volumes of around 120\u00a0% as compared to the same period of the previous year was found just before enlargement, that is to say January to April 2004.\n(10) The investigation has further shown that imports of silicon from the PRC into the EU-10 have decreased after enlargement. The decrease could be explained by the abnormal increases in import volumes prior to enlargement.\n(11) Moreover, statistics on imports into the EU-10 in the post-enlargement period show that the decrease of import volumes from the PRC coincides with a progressive increase of imports originating in Norway and Brazil, as well as sales from the 15 Member States which composed the European Union before enlargement (the EU-15).\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Demand of silicon in the EU-10\n(12) Demand for silicon in the EU-10 has been established on the basis of the total imports less total exports. It is to be noted that there is no declared production of silicon in the EU-10.\n(13) Taking into account the abnormal increases in import volumes from the PRC before enlargement, it was considered necessary to make some adjustments to the import volumes during 2003 and 2004 in order to determine what would normally be the import levels during these periods in the absence of enlargement.\n(14) In this regard, an average yearly increase in import volumes from the PRC in 2001 and 2002 was found to have been 13\u00a0%. On this basis, the level of normal imports from the PRC in 2003 and 2004 was determined by applying a 13\u00a0% yearly increase to the import volumes in the previous years, which could normally have been expected to be the import levels during these periods in the absence of enlargement.\n(15) Following the same methodology, exports from the EU-10 in 2004 were estimated by adding to the total exports in 2003 a normal increase of 80\u00a0% which was found to be the average yearly increase in export volumes in 2002 and 2003.\n(tonnes)\nYear 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 (estimated)\nImport to the EU-10 18\u00a0815 19\u00a0802 22\u00a0661 23\u00a0855 (estimated) 26\u00a0957\nExport from the EU-10 37 6 84 153 275\nTotal demand in the EU-10 18\u00a0778 19\u00a0795 22\u00a0576 23\u00a0703 26\u00a0682\nSource: Eurostat and estimated data for 2003 and 2004.\n(16) In the light of the above, it was found that demand in the EU-10 is around 6\u00a0% of the level of demand in the EU-15 as estimated in the last expiry review investigation of the anti-dumping measures on imports of silicon originating in the PRC made in Regulation (EC) No 398/2004.\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Alternative sources of supply to meet the demand in the EU-10\n(17) The investigation has shown that there are enough potential sources of supply, alternative to the supply from the PRC, available to meet the demand in the EU-10 even if the extension of the anti-dumping duty from the EU-15 to the 10 new Member States would completely eliminate or result in a decrease in imports from the PRC.\n(18) There are around 18\u00a0000 tones of potential supply of silicon from the EU-15. This calculation has been made on the basis of the last expiry review investigation of the anti-dumping measures on imports of silicon originating in the PRC. It was found that production in the EU-15 of silicon amounted to around 148\u00a0000 tonnes in 2001. The same expiry review investigation found that there were around 166\u00a0000 tonnes of production capacity in the EU-15, indicating spare capacities of around 18\u00a0000 tonnes.\n(19) Furthermore, other potential sources of supply of silicon (not subject to anti-dumping duties) are, among others, Norway (with spare capacity of 18\u00a0000 tonnes), Brazil, Canada and the USA.\n(20) As outlined in recital 11, it was also found that in the post-enlargement period, that is to say May to November 2004, for which reliable data has already been reported by Eurostat, imports from other sources, in particular Norway and Brazil, as well as sales from the EU-15 gradually increased. Sales from the EU-15 increased four-fold, import volumes from Norway increased five-fold and from Brazil six-fold, as compared to the same period in 2003.\n(tonnes)\nPeriod of the year Sales from the EU-15 Import volumes from Norway Import volumes from Brazil\nMay-November 2003 2\u00a0070 238 152\nMay-November 2004 7\u00a0772 1\u00a0144 975\n(21) In the light of the above, there is no compelling reason to believe that there will be a shortage of silicon on the EU-10 market.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cost impact assessment\n(22) As stated by various interested parties, silicon is an intermediary product used by only a handful of processing industries in the new Member States, in particular for the production of secondary aluminium alloys.\n(23) Aluminium producers in the EU-10 confirm that the average proportion of silicon consumed in the production process of secondary aluminium alloys ranges between 3\u00a0% and 13,5\u00a0%.\n(24) The investigation has shown that the increase in the price of silicon in the EU-10 or a switch to other alternative sources of supply is likely to have a minor effect on the production cost for the users in the EU-10.\n(25) In light of the abovementioned percentages of consumption of silicon in the production of secondary aluminium alloys and given that the anti-dumping duty on imports of silicon from the PRC is 49\u00a0%, the cost impact on secondary aluminium alloys producers would only range from 1,47\u00a0% to 6,6\u00a0% of the total cost of production of secondary aluminium alloys.\n(26) Some interested parties indicated that, by extending the anti-dumping measures to imports in the EU-10, alternative sources of supply of silicon had been sought but that such alternative sources had resulted in an increase of silicon prices of around 34\u00a0%. In this regard, it was found that the cost impact for secondary aluminium alloys producers would be even less and would fall in the range of 1\u00a0% to 4,6\u00a0% of the total cost of secondary aluminium alloys production.\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Comments received from the interested parties\n(27) Several importers and users argued that there will be a lack of supply of silicon on the EU-10 market. However, as outlined in recitals 11, 19 and 20, after enlargement import volumes from the PRC into the EU-10 are progressively being replaced by silicon originating in the EU-15, Norway and Brazil. There is therefore no reason to believe that there will be a shortage of silicon on the EU-10 market.\n(28) One of the users in the EU-10 as well as the Slovakian and Slovene authorities claimed that silicon from other sources is different in terms of quality to that of the PRC. In this regard it is noted that Regulation (EC) No 398/2004 in concluding the expiry review of the anti-dumping measures imposed on imports of silicon originating in the PRC stated that the silicon produced in the PRC and exported to the Community, as well as the silicon produced in Norway and that manufactured in the Community by the Community producers had the same basic physical and chemical characteristics, and the same basic uses. Therefore they are considered to be like products within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation. It was noted that no adjustments in the terms of quality of the product had to be made. Therefore, there is no reason to believe that Chinese imports to the EU-10 replaced by the countries named above would differ in terms of quality. In addition, the increase of the imports from other countries, as outlined in recitals 11, 19 and 20 of this Regulation, indicates that the products are substitutable.\n(29) The same user also argued that the cost impact for secondary aluminium alloys producers is not negligible given the low profit margins of the same industry. In this regard it is recalled that in recital 25 and 26 it was concluded that there will be a limited impact of the extension of anti-dumping measures on the users of silicon metal in the EU-10 with a maximum 6,6\u00a0% increase in the total cost of secondary aluminium alloys production. However, this was not a compelling reason to such extent as to modify the existing measures by introducing transitional arrangements. Indeed, this impact was not materially different from the impact estimated in the EU-15 during the investigation leading to the imposition of the definitive measures in 2004, where it was concluded that the measures in force would not have a significant effect on users.\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Conclusion\n(30) Given the limited impact of the duty on the cost of manufacturing of aluminium alloys in the EU-10 and the existence of alternative sources of supply to the EU-10, it is concluded that the extension of the existing measures from the EU-15 to the EU-10 would not likely cause a sudden and excessively negative effect on interested parties, including users, distributors and consumers. Therefore, no transitional arrangements are warranted,\nThe partial interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of silicon originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China, initiated pursuant to Article 11(3) and 22(c) of Regulation (EC) No 384/96, is hereby terminated.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["semi-metal", "anti-dumping legislation", "China"], "distractor groups": ["post-war period", "nuclear fuel", "Cook Islands", "prohibited weapon", "antimony", "terms for aid", "demerger", "regionalisation of trade", "Northern Hungary", "parliamentary procedure", "Western Thrace", "accounting system"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a01679/2005 of 6 October 2005 amending Regulation (EEC) No\u00a02075/92 on the common organisation of the market in raw tobacco\n15.10.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 271/1\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1679/2005\nof 6 October 2005\namending Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 on the common organisation of the market in raw tobacco\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 37 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission,\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Parliament\u00a0(1),\nHaving regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee\u00a0(2),\nWhereas:\n(1) Titles I and II of Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92\u00a0(3) establish a premium as well as a production limitation system for tobacco production.\n(2) Article 152 of Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003\u00a0(4), which has established common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and certain support schemes for farmers, provides for the deletion of Titles I and II of Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 as of 1 January 2005 but specifies that they shall continue to apply in respect of the 2005 harvest. The premium and production limitation schemes provided for in Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 expire as from the end of the 2005 harvest.\n(3) Consequently a number of Articles of Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 become obsolete and should be deleted for reasons of legal clarity and transparency.\n(4) It is therefore necessary to amend Regulation (EEC) No 2075/92 accordingly,\nRegulation (EEC) No 2075/92 is hereby amended as follows:\n1. Article 1 shall be replaced by the following:\n2. Articles 2, 12, 19, 25, 26 and 27 and the Annex shall be deleted;\n3. Article 13(2)(b) shall be replaced by the following:\n\u2018(b) specific measures to help tobacco growers to switch to other crops or other economic activities that create employment and studies of the possibilities for tobacco growers to do so,\u2019;\n4. Article 14 shall be deleted;\n5. Article 14a shall be replaced by the following:\n6. Article 17 shall be replaced by the following:\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the seventh day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\n(1), (2) and (6) shall apply from 1 January 2006.\nHowever, the provisions necessary for the management and control of the premium system shall continue to apply in respect of the 2005 harvest.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["tobacco", "common organisation of markets"], "distractor groups": ["franchising", "European passport", "resolution of parliament", "pharmaceutical expenses", "Contadora Group", "right to housing", "organic chemical", "Andean Community countries", "accession negotiations", "public consultation", "meat product", "Federation State", "telephone"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2001/139/EC: Commission Decision of 12 February 2001 amending for the fourth time Decision 93/74/EEC concerning the status of Denmark with regard to infectious haematopoietic necrosis and viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (Text with EEA relevance) (notified under document number C(2001) 349)\nCommission Decision\nof 12 February 2001\namending for the fourth time Decision 93/74/EEC concerning the status of Denmark with regard to infectious haematopoietic necrosis and viral haemorrhagic septicaemia\n(notified under document number C(2001) 349)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2001/139/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Directive 91/67/EEC of 28 January 1991 concerning the animal health conditions governing the placing on the market of aquaculture animals and products(1), as last amended by Directive 98/45/EC(2), and in particular Article 5(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Member States may obtain for one or more regions the status of approved zones free of infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) and/or viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS).\n(2) Denmark, by Commission Decision 93/74/EEC(3), as last amended by Decision 1999/489/EC(4), is recognised as an approved continental and coastal zone for fish with regad to IHN and partly as an approved continental and coastal zone with regard to VHS.\n(3) Only zones meeting the requirements of Article 5 of Directive 91/67/EEC can be approved.\n(4) Denmark has notified an outbreak of VHS in the approved water catchment area Fiskeb\u00e6ck \u00c5. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration has, on a national level, immediately repealed the approval of this catchment area.\n(5) This zone does not, with regard to VHS, meet the requirements of Article 5 of Directive 91/67/EEC anymore.\n(6) Fiskeb\u00e6k \u00c5 shall, with regard to VHS, be deleted from the list of approved zones as established in the Annex to Decision 93/74/EEC.\n(7) When Decision 93/74/EEC was amended for the first and second time, the catchment areas Bygholm \u00c5 and Grejs \u00c5 (Decision 94/450/EC(5), as well as \u00d8rum \u00c5 (Decision 96/218/EC(6)) were approved with regards to VHS.\n(8) When amending for the third time Decision 93/74/EEC (Decision 1999/489/EC) these three zones were not included in the list of approved zones.\n(9) The already approved zones Bygholm \u00c5, Grejs \u00c5 and \u00d8rum \u00c5 shall be included in the list of approved zones in Denmark, also with regard to VHS.\n(10) The provisions of this Decision are in compliance with the opinion of the Standing Veterinary Committee,\nThe Annex to Decision 93/74/EEC is replaced by the Annex hereto.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Member States", "answer groups": ["fish farming", "health control", "Denmark", "sea fish"], "distractor groups": ["exchange control", "dolphin", "revenue", "patents licence", "non-marketing premium", "constitutional court", "Mehedinti", "working time", "transport policy", "food hygiene", "conifer"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 1038/78 of 22 May 1978 amending Regulation (EEC) No 804/68 concerning aid for the supply of milk to schoolchildren\n( 1 ) OJ NO C 85 , 10 . 4 . 1978 , P . 31 .\n( 2 ) OJ NO C 101 , 26 . 4 . 1978 , P . 10 .\n( 3 ) OJ NO L 148 , 28 . 6 . 1968 , P . 13 .\n( 4 ) SEE PAGE 1 OF THIS OFFICIAL JOURNAL .\nCOUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 1038/78\nOF 22 MAY 1978\nAMENDING REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 804/68 CONCERNING AID FOR THE SUPPLY OF MILK PRODUCTS TO SCHOOLCHILDREN\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN\nCOMMUNITIES\n,\nHAVING REGARD TO THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY , AND IN PARTICULAR ARTICLE 43 THEREOF ,\nHAVING REGARD TO THE PROPOSAL FROM THE COMMISSION ,\nHAVING REGARD TO THE OPINION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ( 1 ),\nHAVING REGARD TO THE OPINION OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE ( 2 ),\nWHEREAS , PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 26 OF COUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 804/68 OF 27 JUNE 1968 ON THE COMMON ORGANIZATION OF THE MARKET IN MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS ( 3 ), AS LAST AMENDED BY REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 1037/78 ( 4 ), THE MEMBER STATES MAY GRANT AID FOR THE SUPPLY TO SCHOOLCHILDREN OF PROCESSED MILK PRODUCTS FALLING WITHIN HEADING NO 04.01 OR 22.02 OF THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF ; WHEREAS A COMMUNITY CONTRIBUTION TO THE FINANCING OF SUCH PROGRAMMES MAY BE DECIDED ;\nWHEREAS , IN THE LIGHT OF EXPERIENCE ACQUIRED IN APPLYING THESE PROVISIONS AND IN ORDER TO PROMOTE FURTHER THE CONSUMPTION OF MILK PRODUCTS BY YOUNG PERSONS , THE LIST OF MILK PRODUCTS WHICH MAY BE SUPPLIED AT A REDUCED PRICE TO SCHOOLCHILDREN SHOULD BE EXTENDED ,\nTHE FIRST PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 26 OF REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 804/68 SHALL BE REPLACED BY THE FOLLOWING :\n' ARTICLE 26\nMEMBER STATES MAY GRANT NATIONAL AIDS TO PROVIDE SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH MILK PRODUCTS FALLING WITHIN HEADING NO 04.01 OR 04.04 OR SUBHEADING 22.02 B , OR YOGHOURT FALLING WITHIN SUBHEADINGS 04.02 B , 18.06 D AND 21.07 D OF THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF . '\nTHIS REGULATION SHALL ENTER INTO FORCE ON 22 MAY 1978 .\nTHIS REGULATION SHALL BE BINDING IN ITS ENTIRETY AND DIRECTLY APPLICABLE IN ALL MEMBER STATES ", "answer groups": ["pupil", "educational institution", "milk product", "discount sale", "EU aid", "milk"], "distractor groups": ["vote", "public limited company", "irradiated fuel", "early retirement", "seniority", "small retailer", "work-life balance", "packaging", "reserve currency"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2014/765/EU: Commission Decision of 25\u00a0June 2014 on the State aid No\u00a0SA.20949 (C 23/06) \u2014 Poland \u2014 Technologie Buczek (notified under document C(2014) 4099) Text with EEA relevance\n7.11.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 323/9\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 25 June 2014\non the State aid No SA.20949 (C 23/06) \u2014 Poland \u2014 Technologie Buczek\n(notified under document C(2014) 4099)\n(Only the Polish text is authentic)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2014/765/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 108(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 62(1)(a) thereof,\nWhereas:\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n(1) By letter dated 7 June 2006, the Commission notified Poland of its decision to open a formal investigation procedure under Article 88(2) EC in the above State aid case.\n(2) On 23 October 2007, the Commission Decision 2008/344/EC\u00a0(1) (\u2018the decision\u2019) was adopted in which the Commission concluded that State aid received by steel producer Technologie Buczek Group (\u2018TB Group\u2019) was incompatible with the common market and ordered Poland to recover it from TB Group\u2019s constituent entities, i.e. the mother company Technologie Buczek S.A. (\u2018TB\u2019) and its subsidiaries Huta Buczek sp. z o.o. (\u2018HB\u2019) and Buczek Automotive sp. z o.o. (\u2018BA\u2019) in proportion to the benefit actually obtained.\n(3) On 8 January 2008, BA applied to the General Court for the partial annulment of the decision. TB and HB submitted separate applications but later withdrew their actions.\n(4) By ruling of 17 May 2011\u00a0(2), the General Court annulled the decision in so far as BA is concerned (see detailed description below in recital 7). On 21 March 2013, the Court of Justice dismissed the appeal brought by the Commission against the judgment by the General Court\u00a0(3).\n(5) As a result of the annulment of the decision in so far BA is concerned, the formal investigation procedure C23/06 has not been closed, and the Commission had to resume that procedure from the point at which the illegality had occurred.\n(6) The Commission requested information from Poland on 22 April 2013, 12 June 2013 and 27 November 2013, to which Poland replied on 8 May 2013, 26 July 2013 and 10 February 2014.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ASSESSMENT\n(7) The Court annulled:\n\u2014 Article 1 of the decision which declares the State aid in the amount of PLN 20\u00a0761\u00a0643 unlawfully granted to the TB Group to be incompatible with the common market,\n\u2014 Article 3(1) and (3) of the decision, which lay down the amounts of aid to be recovered from HB and BA individually, in so far as those paragraphs relate to BA\u00a0(4),\n\u2014 Articles 4 and 5 of the decision, which contain implementing provisions, in so far as those Articles relate to BA.\n(8) Since Article 1 of the decision refers to the TB Group as a whole, whereas the remaining annulled articles single out BA, the Commission considers it necessary to recall first to what extent the annulment of the decision affects the other members of the TB Group, i.e. TB and HB.\n(9) The Commission recalls the judgment in Case T-227/95 (AssiDom\u00e4n Kraft Products and Others v Commission [1997] ECR II-01185, paragraphs 59 and 60), in which the Court held that, if an addressee [of a Commission Decision] decides to bring an action for annulment, the Community judicature has before it only the elements of the decision which relate to that addressee. The unchallenged elements of the decision relating to other addressees, on the other hand, do not form part of the subject-matter of the dispute which the Court is called on to resolve. In an action for annulment, the Court can give judgment only on the subject-matter of the dispute referred to it by the parties. A decision can be annulled only as regards the addressees who have been successful in their actions before the Court.\n(10) As mentioned above in recital 3, TB and HB withdrew their actions before the General Court and therefore the decision has become definitive in their regard, including the obligation of Poland to recover unlawful aid. The Polish authorities have confirmed that TB repaid PLN 13\u00a0963\u00a0560,74, which accounts for the full amount of the aid to be recovered from TB, as well as for part of the aid to be recovered from HB. HB was declared insolvent and all relevant public authorities registered their claims in the bankruptcy mass. The liquidation procedure is pending. The Polish authorities have confirmed that following the annulment, the aid repaid by TB has not been returned to it and claims against HB have not been erased from the bankruptcy mass.\n(11) For those reasons, the formal investigation procedure remains open only with regard to BA.\n(12) The Commission notes the information from Poland that BA was declared bankrupt on 28 September 2012 and was erased from the commercial register of companies on 16 November 2012.\n(13) Poland informed the Commission that the assets of BA, which formed its bankruptcy mass, were sold individually (not in bundles constituting whole business), in tender procedures ensuring the achievement of market prices. Neither the employees of BA, nor its suppliers or customers were transferred to any of the acquiring entities in the way which might indicate economic continuity of BA.\n(14) Poland also informed the Commission that in the course of the bankruptcy proceedings the administrator liquidated all the assets of BA. After closure of the proceedings there are no more assets of BA left that could conceivably be acquired by other undertakings.\n(15) On the basis of those elements, the Commission concludes that there are no undertakings that might be considered to be economic successors of BA.\n(16) The formal investigation procedure in the present case has therefore become devoid of purpose, as even if the aid was to be declared incompatible with the internal market, there would be no means of recovering the aid in question,\nThe formal investigation procedure under Article 108(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, initiated on 7 June 2006 and which remains open with regard to Buczek Automotive sp. z o.o. following General Court\u2019s judgment in case T-1/08 of 17 May 2011 as confirmed by the Court of Justice judgment in case C-405/11P of 21 March 2013, is hereby closed, because the procedure has become devoid of purpose following the liquidation of Buczek Automotive sp. z o.o.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Poland", "answer groups": ["iron and steel industry", "control of State aid", "infringement procedure (EU)", "State aid", "Poland"], "distractor groups": ["political unrest", "inshore fishing", "European Central Bank", "medical tourism", "electric machinery", "offshore drilling", "conflict of interest", "gulf", "temporary employment", "withdrawal from the EU"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2005/609/EC: Commission Decision of 8 August 2005 amending Decision 2005/240/EC authorising methods for grading pig carcases in Poland (notified under document number C(2005) 2985)\n10.8.2005 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 207/20\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 8 August 2005\namending Decision 2005/240/EC authorising methods for grading pig carcases in Poland\n(notified under document number C(2005) 2985)\n(Only the Polish text is authentic)\n(2005/609/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3220/84 of 13 November 1984 determining the Community scale for grading pig carcases\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) By Commission Decision 2005/240/EC\u00a0(2), the use of three methods for grading pig carcases in Poland was authorised.\n(2) The Government of Poland has requested the Commission to authorise changes in the description of two of the apparata.\n(3) The examination of this request has revealed that the conditions for authorising an amended description of the apparata concerned are fulfilled.\n(4) Decision 2005/240/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.\n(5) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Management Committee for Pigmeat,\nThe Annex to Decision 2005/240/EC is hereby amended as follows:\n1. point 2 of Part 2 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182. The apparatus shall be equipped with an ultrasonic transducer array at 3,5 MHz (U-Systems).\n2. point 2 of Part 3 is replaced by the following:\n\u20182. The apparatus shall be equipped with 16 ultrasonic transducers at 2 MHz (GE Inspection Technologies).\nThis Decision is addressed to the Republic of Poland", "answer groups": ["carcase", "pigmeat", "agricultural product nomenclature", "Poland"], "distractor groups": ["consumer", "sisal", "banking secrecy", "West Sweden", "mass education", "common land", "Teletex", "drone", "customs territory (EU)", "divorced person", "non-alignment"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "89/29/ECSC: Commission Decision of 19 December 1988 authorizing the concentration between Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft, Herzogenrath, and Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft, Essen (Only the French and German texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 19 December 1988\nauthorizing the concentration between Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft, Herzogenrath, and Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft, Essen\n(Only the French and German texts are authentic)\n(89/29/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, and in particular Articles 65 and 66 thereof,\nHaving regard to Decision No 24/54 of 6 May 1954 laying down in implementation of Article 66 (1) of the Treaty a Regulation on what constitutes control of an undertaking (1),\nHaving regard to the application submitted jointly on 28 March 1988 by Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft, Essen and Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft, Herzogenrath, seeking authorization for the concentration of the two undertakings,\nHaving obtained the comments of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany,\nWhereas:\n(1) Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft (RAG) is a coal-producing undertaking within the meaning of Article 80 of the Treaty; it was established in 1969 when 23 undertakings operating in the Ruhr coalfield in the Federal Republic of Germany combined their mining assets and transferred them to it (2). After numerous changes in the interests held, the following undertakings currently hold shares in RAG's share capital:\n- VEBA Aktiengesellschaft\nBonn/Berlin 37,103 %\n- BGE - Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft\nfuer Energieunternehmen, Dortmund 21,735 %\n- Thyssen Stahl AG, Duisburg 12,69 %.\n- Montan, Verwaltungsgesellschaft\nmbH, Dortmund 10 %\n- Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nouvelle Sid\u00e9char, Paris 8,255 %\n- Gewerkschaft Alte Haase, Dortmund 0,217 %\n- Verwaltungsgesellschaft\nRuhrkohle-Beteiligung mbH, Essen 10 %\nRAG produced 58 100 000 tonnes in 1987, making it the second largest coal producer in the Community after British Coal. Total sales in 1987 (with coke converted into coal) amounted to 56 800 000 tonnes, equivalent to 18 % of the sales of all suppliers of coal and coal products in the common market (320 million tonnes). Of this figure, 51 400 000 tonnes were accounted for by sales in the Federal Republic of Germany, 4 900 000 tonnes by sales to Community countries and 500 000 tonnes by exports to non-Community countries. RAG's sales in the Federal Republic amount to some 73 % of the total sales of all indigenous coalfields in the Federal Republic.\n(2) Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft (EBV) is also a coal-producing undertaking within the meaning of Article 80 of the Treaty, 96,5 % of whose share capital is held by Arbed SA, Luxembourg. The Arbed group controls a number of steel-producing undertakings in the Community whose supplies of coking coal and blast-furnace coke are largely provided by EBV's mining operations in the Aachen and Ruhr coalfields.\n(3) The merger is based on economic, technical and industrial policy considerations which may be summarized as follows: the level of production costs, a continuing decline in demand for coal and coal products in the Community and on non-Community markets, the technical impossibility of closing mines for only temporary periods and the need in present circumstances for public subsidizing of production will in the near future result in appropriate closure measures in the German coal mining industry. At a meeting (Kohlenrunde) held on 11 December 1987 between the Federal Government, the Governments of the Federal Laender of North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland, the mining undertakings and the Mining and Power Industries Trade Union, it was proposed that the production capacity of the German coal mining industry should be reduced by the order of 13 to 15 million tonnes a year to take account of the decline in sales. It is intended to carry out the\nnecessary measures (uninfluenced by owners' interests) on the basis of the principle that production should be concentrated on the most efficient plants and that the problems resulting from reduced demand for labour should be redeployed in such a way that the most favourable conditions are created for solving them. The transfer of EBV's mining assets to RAG serves this goal. Because of the exhaustion of coal deposits, production by EBV's operations in the Aachen coalfield will be halted in 1992, affecting some 5 000 persons, i.e. more than half of EBV's workforce.\n(4) Consequently, the relevant increase in capacity for RAG results solely from EBV's Westfalen mine situated in the Ruhr coalfield and from the coking plant attached to it.\n(5) It is intended that the transaction would take the form of RAG acquiring 96,5 % of EBV's capital from Arbed SA. In return, Arbed SA would acquire 6,5 % of RAG's shares from Ruhrkohle's own stock through acquisition of 65 % of the shares in the management company Ruhrkohle Beteiligung mbH.\n(6) The main point of the transaction is the transfer of the mining assets of Arbed SA to RAG. The acquisition of RAG shares by Arbed SA is of only accessory character as it constitutes a purely financial holding with no perceptible influence on the control of RAG. Consequently, the only relevant transaction for the purposes of Article 66 (1) and the one taken as the basis for assessment is the transfer of assets.\nII\n(7) The transfer to RAG of Arbed's mining assets combined within EBV will result in a concentration within the meaning of Article 66 (1). Under Article 66 (2), such concentrations may be authorized if it is ensured that the proposed transaction will not give the undertakings concerned the power:\n- to determine prices, to control or restrict production or distribution or to hinder effective competition in a substantial part of the market for the relevant products,\n- to evade the rules of competition instituted under the Treaty, in particular by establishing an artificially privileged position involving a substantial advantage in access to supplies or markets.\n(8) In view of the above, assessment of the proposed transaction is confined to the effects which incorporation of the Westfalen mine into RAG will have on competition. The relevant production amounts to some 2 200 000 tonnes a year, i.e. approximately the tonnage of blast furnace coke supplied to Arbed's Luxembourg plants by EBV.\n(9) RAG will take over a supply contract between Arbed and EBV which runs until 31 December 1999 and under which the parties have agreed that the total blast furnace coke requirement of Arbed's Luxembourg works will be supplied.\n(10) The transaction will not put RAG in a position to determine prices in this respect. For reasons of competition, Community coal producers have to align their coking coal and blast-furnace coke prices on the prices (at the place of destination) of such fuels from non-Community countries. The German coalfields are able to do so only because the Federal Government grants them aid in accordance with Commission Decision (ECSC) No 2064/86 (1). These conditions governing pricing will continue to apply unaltered to RAG even after the inclusion of EBV.\n(11) In view of the more than unsatisfactory profit situation of the German coal industry as a result of rising production costs, competition from non-Community coal and alternative sources of energy and the Federal Government's growing unwillingness to grant aid, it is not to be expected that the proposed transaction will have any influence on RAG's market position. Although RAG produced some 58 million tonnes of coal in 1987 (equivalent to some 70 % of the total production of all coalfields in the Federal Republic of Germany), as the result of the Kohlenrunde meeting, which is intended to bring about a lasting solution to the abovementioned difficulties of the German coal mining industry, the absorption of the Westfalen coal mine (2 200 000 tonnes a year) will be offset by planned closures of RAG mines accounting for some 10 million tonnes a year.\n(12) In view of the structurally unfavourable economic conditions governing coal production and the continuing difficulties in sales, the proposed transaction will not place RAG in an artificially privileged position that would give it any significant advantage in access to markets.\nIII\n(13) The contract to be transferred to RAG tends to restrict competition on the comon market for blast furnace coke in that it commits the parties to the exclusive supply and purchase of Arbed's requirements of blast furnace coke. However, the agreement can be authorized on the basis that it is justified by the necessity to rationalize. It is, therefore, strictly analogous to a specialization agreement. Indeed, it takes account of the particular circumstances of Arbed's Luxembourg plants which use ore mined in Arbed's French mines (Minette). This iron ore is different to the rich ore used elsewhere, requiring blast furnaces of a different design and special coke properties. In this situation only a long-term contract will ensure that Arbed's requirements are met. Additionally, the transfer of the supply contract to RAG forms part of the restructuring programme for the German coal industry, which includes the planned closure of many of EBV's operations and the employment of its workforce by RAG. The authorization can be given for the duration of the contract as it is an integral part of the merger.\n(14) The proposed transaction therefore satisfies the conditions for authorization under Articles 65 and 66 and can be authorized,\nThe acquisition of 96,5 % of the capital of Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft by Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft, Essen, is hereby authorized.\nThe supply contract between Arbed SA and Eschweiler Bergwerks-Verein Aktiengesellschaft is hereby authorized. This authorization is valid for the whole period of its duration, i.e. until 31 December 1999.\nThis Decision is addressed to Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft, Essen, and Arbed SA Luxembourg", "answer groups": ["coal industry", "contract", "merger", "delivery", "Germany", "competition policy"], "distractor groups": ["social mobility", "European University Institute", "primary election", "video library", "scientific discovery", "common foreign and security policy", "Ringk\u00f8bing (county)", "Zambia", "EU agriculture committee"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Regulation (EEC) No 729/92 of 16 March 1992 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain thermal paper originating in Japan and definitively collecting the provisional anti-dumping duty\nCOUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No 729/92 of 16 March 1992 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of certain thermal paper originating in Japan and definitively collecting the provisional anti-dumping duty\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 12 thereof,\nHaving regard to the proposal from the Commission submitted after consultation within the Advisory Committee as provided for under the above Regulation,\nWhereas:\nA. Provisional measures\n(1) The Commission by Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91 (2), imposed a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports into the Community of certain thermal paper originating in Japan and falling within CN codes ex 3703 90 90 (Taric code: 3703 90 90 * 10) and ex 4810 11 90 (Taric code: 4810 11 90 * 10). Council Regulation (EEC) No 103/92 (3) extended the duty for a period not exceeding two months.\nB. Subsequent procedure\n(2) Following the imposition of the provisional anti-dumping duty, the interested parties who so requested were granted an opportunity to be heard by the Commission. They also made written submissions making known their views on the findings.\n(3) Parties were informed in writing of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of which it was intended to recommend the imposition of definitive duties and the definitive collection of amounts secured by way of a provisional duty. They were also granted a period within which to make representations subsequent to the disclosure.\n(4) The oral and written comments submitted by the parties were considered and where appropriate, the Commission findings were modified to take account of them.\nC. Product\n(5) In view of observations made by the Customs administrations of certain Member States concerning problems at import clearance, the Commission re-examined the product description given in recital 8 of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91. It was found that the expression 'thermal paper. . . destined to be used in machines . . . which print facsimiles . . .' was inadequate and should be replaced by the term 'telefax paper'. The Council supports the Commission's view.\n(6) One Japanese producer reiterated the points it made prior to the imposition of provisional duties, namely that telefax paper presented in jumbo reels or coils constitutes two separate products and that its exports of coils were not causing injury to the Community industry. The Council, however, supports the Commission's view that telefax paper in the form of jumbo reels and coils constitutes one single category of product and it confirms the conclusions of recitals 10 to 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91.\n(7) During the Commission's investigation, it was found that, apart from the CN codes indicated in the notice of initiation of the proceeding (4), several other codes were also being used for imports into the Community of the product concerned.\nAccordingly, the Commission services published a notice (5) advising the parties known to be concerned of the inclusion of these other CN codes in the proceeding.\nThere was no reaction from interested parties to this notice.\nAs a result also of the discussions held subsequent to the initiation of this proceeding at the level of the Customs Cooperation Council (CCC) concerning the correct classification of telefax paper, the Council of the European Communities confirms the Commission's view that measures should also apply to all CN codes under which the product under consideration can, within the framework of existing customs legislation, be imported.\nThe Commission has therefore concluded that the information that it possesses and has verified constitutes a valid basis for the establishment of dumping margins, the assessment of injury and the calculation of appropriate duties for the product falling under all the CN codes concerned.\nD. Dumping\n(8) In the light of its own overall net profit, one Japanese company claimed that the reasonable profit of 18 % on cost of production used for constructing normal value was too high. The profit margin for this company's profitable sales, calculated in accordance with Article 2 (B) (3) (b) (ii) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, was indeed found to be less than the 18 % margin used. Accordingly, the percentage of profit used for constructing normal value for this company has, where necessary, been reduced.\nFor the remaining companies, the Council considers that, in view of their profitability during the investigation period, 18 % is a reasonable profit margin for constructing normal value and confirms the conclusions set out in recitals 13 to 23 of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91.\nNo further information was received, and the Council therefore confirms that the definitive weighted average dumping margins expressed as a percentage of the cif value for each of the companies concerned are as follows:\n- Jujo Paper Co., Ltd, Tokyo: 0,0 %,\n- Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Tokyo: 10,3 %,\n- Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd, Tokyo: 15,5 %,\n- Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd, Tokyo: 24,8 %.\nThe Council confirms the Commission's findings with regard to the 55,3 % dumping margin calculated for the purposes of the residual duty.\nE. Injury and cause of injury\n(9) No new elements concerning injury were submitted to the Commission following the publication of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91. The Council therefore confirms the conclusions set out in recital 37 of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91.\n(10) As far as cause of injury is concerned, one Japanese producer claimed that the impact of its sales to the Community should be examined in isolation and deemed not to have caused injury, as the volume of its exports was small.\n(11) The Commission, in accordance with the findings of the Court of Justice, considers that the Community authorities should examine the impact on the Community industry of all dumped imports taken together, even if the export volume of an individual company is relatively low.\nThe Council therefore confirms the Commission's view that, for the purpose of determining injury, the exports of this company should not be treated separately from those of the other Japanese companies.\nF. Community interest\n(12) No new arguments concerning Community interest were brought forward, and the Council therefore confirms the Commission findings set out in Section F of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91 and considers that it is in the Community's interest to impose anti-dumping measures to eliminate the injurious effects of dumped imports originating in Japan.\nG. Duty\n(13) With regard to the calculation to determine the duty rate necessary to eliminate the injury being suffered by Community industry, the Commission considers that the difference between the actual selling price in the Community of the Japanese product and a sales price which enables Community industry to achieve an 18 % profit on turnover, should be removed.\n(14) For the reasons given in recital 46 of Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91, an 18 % profit margin is the minimum necessary to render possible additional investments in manufacturing facilities and research and development. Taking into account the fast changing nature of the industry concerned and the continual need to adapt paper to suit new hardware, the Commission is of the opinion that, without this profit margin, the deterioration of the situation of the Community industry would inevitably be exacerbated and the injury caused by dumping would remain.\n(15) The Council therefore confirms the Commission findings with regard to the injury threshold established in Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91; however, as the injury correction figures calculated for the cooperating companies are higher than the dumping margins established, it is the latter which are to be the basis for applying the duty. With regard to the residual duty, the injury correction figure was less than the dumping margin and the former will therefore be taken into account.\n(16) On the basis of calculations of dumping and injury described in Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91 and the submissions subsequently received, the Council therefore concludes that duties should be imposed to eliminate the level of dumping found for Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd and Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd. No duty should be applied to Jujo Paper Co., Ltd, which was found not to be dumping.\n(17) As far as the other companies are concerned, the Council, for the reasons given in recital 49 of Regulation 2805/91, confirms that, as provided for in Article 7 (7) (b) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the duty to be imposed on these companies should be based on the facts available.\n(18) The Commission has noted a continuing decline in import prices and therefore considers anti-dumping duty in ad-valorem form to be inappropriate to remedy the injury caused to the Community industry. The Council agrees and concludes that a specific duty, calculated and applied on a weight basis, would be more appropriate.\n(19) Accordingly, the amount of anti-dumping duty for the product under consideration shall be ECU 1 275,15 per tonne (net weight), except when manufactured by the following companies, for whom the amount of anti-dumping duty is set out below:\n- Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd: ECU 211,55 per tonne (net weight),\n- Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd: ECU 395,00 per tonne (net weight),\n- Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd: ECU 563,75 per tonne (net weight).\nNo anti-dumping duties should apply to goods manufactured by Jujo Paper Co., Ltd.\nH. Undertaking\n(20) One Japanese producer, Tomoegawa Paper Co. Ltd has offered an undertaking which is considered acceptable. The undertaking will increase the price of the products in question to a level sufficient to eliminate the dumping established by the Commission.\nFollowing consultations with the Member States, the undertaking was accepted by Commission Decision 92/177/EEC (6).\nI. Collection of the provisional duties\n(21) In view of the size of the dumping margins established and of the serious nature of the injury caused to the Community industry, the Council considers it necessary that the amounts secured by way of the provisional anti-dumping duty for all companies should be collected definitively to the extent of the amount of the definitive duty imposed,\n1. A definitive anti-dumping duty is hereby imposed on imports of telefax paper originating in Japan and falling within CN codes:\n- ex 3703 10 00 (Taric code 3703 10 00 * 10),\n- ex 3703 90 90 (Taric code 3703 90 90 * 10),\n- ex 4809 90 00 (Taric code 4809 90 00 * 10),\n- ex 4810 11 90 (Taric code 4810 11 90 * 10),\n- ex 4811 90 10 (Taric code 4811 90 10 * 10),\n- ex 4811 90 90 (Taric code 4811 90 90 * 10),\n- ex 4823 59 10 (Taric code 4823 59 10 * 10),\n- ex 4823 59 90 (Taric code 4823 59 90 * 10).\n2. The amount of anti-dumping duty for the product specified in paragraph 1 shall be ECU 1 275,15 per tonne (net weight) (Taric additional code 8602), except when manufactured by the following companies for whom the amount of anti-dumping duty is set out below:\n- Kanzaki Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Tokyo (Taric additional code 8598) ECU 211,55 per tonne (net weight) (Taric additional code 8598);\n- Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd, Tokyo (Taric additional code 8599) ECU 395,00 per tonne (net weight).\n3. No anti-dumping duties shall apply to goods manufactured by Jujo Paper Co., Ltd, Tokyo (Taric additional code 8601) or Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd, Tokyo (Taric additional code 8600).\n4. The provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.\nThe amounts secured by way of the provisional anti-dumping duty imposed under Regulation (EEC) No 2805/91 shall be definitively collected to the extent of the amounts secured and to the extent of the amounts resulting from the application of the definitive duty as fixed in Article 1 (2).\nSecured amounts in excess of these amounts will be released.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["anti-dumping duty", "Japan", "facsimile", "import", "paper", "dumping"], "distractor groups": ["pre-accession aid", "transnational corporation", "document management", "agriculture-trade relationship", "telecommunications equipment", "French overseas department and region", "metal waste", "non-recoverable waste", "skilled worker"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Council Implementing Decision 2011/736/CFSP of 14\u00a0November 2011 implementing Decision 2011/273/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Syria\n15.11.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 296/55\nCOUNCIL IMPLEMENTING DECISION 2011/736/CFSP\nof 14 November 2011\nimplementing Decision 2011/273/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Syria\nTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 31(2) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) On 9 May 2011, the Council adopted Decision 2011/273/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Syria\u00a0(1).\n(2) On 23 October 2011, the European Council stated that the EU would impose further measures against the Syrian regime as long as the repression of the civilian population continued.\n(3) In view of the gravity of the situation in Syria, the Council considers it necessary to impose additional restrictive measures.\n(4) Additional persons should be included in the list of persons and entities subject to restrictive measures as set out in Annex I to Decision 2011/273/CFSP.\n(5) Decision 2011/273/CFSP should be amended accordingly,\nThe persons listed in the Annex to this Decision shall be added to the list set out in Annex I to Decision 2011/273/CFSP.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the date of its adoption", "answer groups": ["removal", "international sanctions", "Syria", "economic sanctions"], "distractor groups": ["adult education", "processed food product", "politics", "marketing year", "Senegal", "award of contract", "coffee", "supervisor", "liberalisation of trade", "regulatory committee (EU)", "bond"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "91/164/EEC: Commission Decision of 20 December 1990 concerning applications for the refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in the United States of America (Gantrade (UK) Ltd) (Only the English, French and Dutch texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 20 December 1990 concerning applications for the refund of anti-dumping duties collected on certain imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in the United States of America (Gantrade (UK) Ltd) (Only the English, French and Dutch texts are authentic) (91/164/EEC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88 of 11 July 1988 on protection against dumped or subsidized imports from countries not members of the European Economic Community (1), and in particular Article 16 thereof,\nWhereas:\nA. PROCEDURE\n(1) Council Regulation (EEC) No 2357/87 (2) amended Regulation (EEC) No 1282/81 (3) imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in the United States of America. Anti-dumping duty of 6 % was applied to the American company Gantrade Corporation.\n(2) Council Regulation (EEC) No 490/90 (4) repealed Regulation (EEC) No 2357/87 and terminated the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of vinyl acetate monomer originating in the United States. Thus, since 2 March 1990, anti-dumping duty can no longer be imposed on those imports.\n(3) Commission Decision 90/460/EEC (5), which sets out the detailes of the case, the procedure, and the arguments of the applicant, refunded part of the anti-dumping duties paid by Gantrade (UK) Ltd, Bishop's Stortford, United Kingdom, in respect of the import in the period August 1987 to March 1989 of vinyl acetate monomer exported by the United States company Gantrade Corporation. The Decision stated that Gantrade's applications for the period 1 April 1989 to 1 March 1990, the expiry date of the anti-dumping duty applied, would be examined before a further decision was taken.\n(4) For this second period, Gantrade, which imported into Belgium, submitted recurring applications for a sum of Bfrs [. . .] (6).\n(5) The applicant was informed of the results of the examination after the evidence adduced had been verified and had the opportunity to submit its comments.\n(6) Pursuant to Article 16 (2) of Regulation (EEC) No 2423/88, the Commission informed the Member States and gave its opinion on the applications' admissibility and merits. No Member State raised any objection.\nB. ADMISSIBILITY\n(7) The applications are admissible in that they were introduced in conformity with the relevant provisions of the Community's anti-dumping legislation, in particular with regard to time limits.\nC. MERITS OF THE CLAIM\n(8) The recurring applications concerning the duties paid on vinyl acetate monomer imported by Gantrade UK Ltd between April 1989 and 1 March 1990 appear to be well founded. The actual dumping margin, calculated as it had been for Decision 90/460/EEC using the method used during the first investigation, was nil. Accordingly, the applications for refund submitted by Gantrade (UK) Ltd for imports into the Community between April 1989 and 1 March 1990 of vinyl acetate monomer originating in the United States must be granted.\nD. AMOUNT TO BE REFUNDED\n(9) A total of Bfrs [. . .] is therefore to be refunded to Gantrade (UK) Ltd.\nThe applications for the refund of anti-dumping duties totalling Bfrs [. . .] paid between April 1989 and 1 March 1990 by Gantrade (UK) Ltd are hereby granted.\nThe amount set out in Article 1 shall be refunded by the Belgian authorities.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Belgium and Gantrade (UK) Ltd, Bishop's Stortford, United Kingdom", "answer groups": ["United States", "anti-dumping duty", "Belgium", "organic acid", "dumping", "redemption"], "distractor groups": ["export refund", "rabbit meat", "catch by species", "Frederiksberg municipality", "hunting", "CAEMC countries", "international credit", "budget", "agrarian law"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "89/529/ECSC: Commission Decision of 5 July 1989 approving aid from Belgium to the coal industry during 1989 (only the French and Dutch texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 5 July 1989\napproving aid from Belgium to the coal industry during 1989\n(Only the French and Dutch texts are authentic)\n(89/529/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community,\nHaving regard to Commission Decision No 2064/86/ECSC of 30 June 1986 establishing Community rules for State aid to the coal industry (1),\nWhereas:\nI\nIn its letter of 21 November 1988 the Belgian Government informed the Commission, pursuant to Article 9 (2) of Decision No 2046/86/ECSC, of the financial measures it intends to take during 1989 in order to give direct support to the coal industry.\nIn its letter of 7 April 1989 the Belgian Government sent further information, as requested by the Commission on 23 February 1989.\nUnder the abovementioned Decision, the Commission must give a ruling on the following financial measures:\n- aid totalling Bfrs 6 709 200 000 to cover operating losses, pursuant to Article 3 of the said Decision,\n- aid totalling Bfrs 223 300 000 to sales of coal and coke to the iron and steel industry of the Community, pursuant to Article 4 of the said Decision,\n- aid totalling Bfrs 2 400 000 for staff training, pursuant to Article 6 of the said Decision.\nAccording to the information supplied by the Belgian Government, the measures notified are intended to help implement the restructuring plan for the firm Kempense Steenkolenmijnen.\nThe measures which the Belgian Government intends to take to support the coal industry comply with the provisions of Article 1 (1) of the said Decision. The Commission must therefore give a ruling, under Article 10 of this Decision, as to whether they comply with the objectives and criteria set out in that Decision and whether they are compatible with the proper functioning of the common market.\nII\nCoal production is not economically viable in the long term, so that a restructuring plan was needed. Since this plan was introduced in 1987, production capacity has been halved. At the end of 1988 it amounted to three million tonnes, following the early closure of three of the five collieries.\nThe amount of aid linked to current production is thus about 45 % down on the 1986 figure.\nThe decreasing levels of aid which the Belgian Government intends to grant, their temporary nature and the implementation of a clearly defined restructuring plan are in accordance with the conditions laid down for the application of Decision No 2064/86/ECSC.\nThe aid to cover operating losses is aimed at facilitating the implementation of the restructuring programme for the Campine coalfield, as decided by ministerial decree in January 1987. In accordance with the third indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision, this contributes to solving the social and regional problems related to developments in the coal industry.\nIn accordance with Article 12 of the Decision, coal undertakings shall be authorized, where necessary, to grant rebates on their list prices or production costs, for deliveries of coking coal, blast-furnace coke and coal for injection into blast-furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community under long-term contract; these rebates must not cause the delivered prices of Community coal and coke to work out lower than those which would be charged for coal from non-member countries and coke made from non-member country coking coal.\nAccording to the Belgian Government, the aid to sales of coking coal, blast-furnace coke and coal for injection into blast-furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community, totalling Bfrs 223 300 000, will make up the difference between world market prices and production costs for 95 000 tonnes. The aid therefore conforms to Article 4 of the Decision.\nThe sales aid for supplies of coal, blast-furnace coke and coal for injection into blast-furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community forms part of the restructuring programme. In accordance with the third indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision, this contributes to solving the social and regional problems related to developments in the coal industry.\nThe aid granted to maintain a qualified workforce of underground staff is a long-standing specific measure which is conducted separately from the aid pursuant to Articles 3, 4 and 5 of the Decision. The aid therefore conforms to Article 6 of the Decision.\nThe object of the measure is to maintain a skilled workforce, as part of the restructuring programme for the industry.\nIn view of the transitional nature of the aid, its phased reduction and its inclusion in the restructuring programme, it complies with the objectives and conditions laid down in Article 2 of the Decision.\nTherefore the aid to be granted by the Belgian Government to the coal industry in 1989 is compatible with the proper functioning of the common market.\nThis Decision is without prejudice to the compatibility with the Treaties of the rules governing sales of Belgian coal to electricity producers.\nPursuant to Article 11 (2) of the Decision, the Commission must ensure that the direct aid to current production which it approves is used exclusively for the purposes set out in Articles 3 to 6 thereof. The Commission must therefore be informed in particular of the amounts of the payments and the manner in which they are apportioned,\nBelgium is hereby authorized to grant aid totalling Bfrs 6 934 900 000 to the Belgian coal industry for the 1989 calendar year. The total amount shall be made up of the following aid:\n1. aid to cover operating losses not exceeding Bfrs 6 709 200 000;\n2. aid to sales of coal and coke to the iron and steel industry of the Community not exceeding Bfrs 223 300 000;\n3. aid for training the workforce not exceeding Bfrs 2 400 000.\nThe Belgian Government shall inform the Commission not later than 30 June 1990 of the actual amounts of aid paid in 1989.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Belgium", "answer groups": ["aid to industry", "Belgium", "coal mining"], "distractor groups": ["medical plant", "advertising budget", "storage of food", "EFTA countries", "multidisciplinary education", "dependant", "health legislation", "political ecology", "iron and steel industry", "home care", "third country", "right to culture"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2006/745/EC: Commission Decision of 8 March 2006 on State Aid \u2014 France \u2014 Aid to rescue and restructure the Air Lib company (notified under document number C(2006) 649) (Text with EEA relevance)\n7.11.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 307/205\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 8\u00a0March 2006\non State Aid \u2014 France \u2014 Aid to rescue and restructure the Air Lib company\n(notified under document number C(2006) 649)\n(Only the French text is authentic)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2006/745/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article\u00a088(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article\u00a062(1)(a) thereof,\nHaving called on interested parties to submit their comments pursuant to the provisions cited above\u00a0(1),\nWhereas:\nI.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n(1) By letter of 22\u00a0January 2002 France notified the European Commission of aid to rescue the airline parent holding company AOM Air Libert\u00e9 (hereinafter referred to as \u2018Air Lib\u2019 or \u2018the company\u2019).\n(2) Having been implemented unlawfully, before its approval by the Commission, this measure was registered as non-notified aid under number NN\u00a042/2002.\n(3) By letter of 24\u00a0January 2003 (SG (2003) D/228222), the Commission informed France of its decision to initiate the procedure under Article\u00a088(2) of the Treaty in respect of this aid.\n(4) The Commission decision initiating the procedure was published in the Official Journal of the European Communities\n\u00a0(2). The Commission invited interested parties to comment on the aid in question within one month of the date of publication, i.e. by 11\u00a0May 2003.\n(5) The Commission has received comments on this subject from one interested party by letters of 9 and 12\u00a0May 2003. Following the Commission's request made on 21\u00a0May, this third party agreed to waive the confidentiality of its comments. The comments were therefore conveyed to France by letter of 23\u00a0June 2003 and France was given one month to respond. At the same time, France responded to the initiation of the procedure by letter of 19\u00a0May 2003.\n(6)\nII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE AID\n(7) Following the decision by their former shareholders, and particularly Swissair, to no longer continue their investment strategy, and confronted with a lack of new investors, the companies Air Libert\u00e9 AOM (formerly AOM Minerve), Air Libert\u00e9 and five subsidiary companies were subject to compulsory administration proceedings by the Cr\u00e9teil Commercial Court on 19\u00a0June 2001. On 27\u00a0July 2001, the Court handed over the assets of the administered companies for one symbolic franc to the Holco company, then to any subsidiary which it controlled. Air Lib (the trade name of the parent holding company AOM Air Libert\u00e9 SA), a subsidiary of Holco\u00a0SAS, itself owned almost 100\u00a0% by Mr\u00a0Corbet, was constituted to this effect on 24\u00a0August 2001.\n(8) On 1\u00a0August 2001, the Court also endorsed the principle of the transaction proposed by the former shareholders through which Swissair undertook to pay FRF\u00a01,5\u00a0billion (i.e. \u20ac228,7\u00a0million). By the beginning of September 2001, before its own bankruptcy, Swissair had in fact paid over only FRF\u00a01\u00a0050\u00a0million (or \u20ac160\u00a0million). Following this lack of funding and the additional difficulties caused by the events of 11\u00a0September 2001, the company forecast losses in 2001 and 2002. So France provided aid to rescue the company. \u20ac16,5\u00a0million of this aid, to last for a maximum of six months, but renewable and as a part of a maximum amount of \u20ac30,5\u00a0million (FRF\u00a0200\u00a0million) had already been paid by 9\u00a0January 2002. The balance of \u20ac14\u00a0million was paid on 28\u00a0February 2002. This aid would have covered only a part of the company's short-term requirements. In the absence of any notification of a plan to restructure the company or proof that the loan had been reimbursed, the Commission pointed out to France on 9\u00a0July 2002 that it was pursuing its analysis of this dossier from the angle of an aid for restructuring that had been granted unlawfully.\n(9) It appeared that the company had proceeded to open many new routes according to information which appeared in the press or on its own Internet site. Initially, as from winter 2001, a new route to North Africa was opened while from April 2002 low-cost flights were offered in France under the name of Air Lib Express. Finally, as from the end of October 2002, Air Lib introduced low-cost flights from Paris to Italy. Meanwhile, it also appeared that commercial debts had remained outstanding or specific advances had been granted; these included the deferment of social security contributions, advances paid by Air France, exemption from VAT, etc. Thus, on 1\u00a0November 2002, still according to the press, Air Lib owed debts totalling approximately \u20ac90\u00a0million to various public bodies or companies. There were also plans for a Community shareholder, the Dutch group IMCA, to take over Air Lib.\nIII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COMMENTS FROM INTERESTED PARTIES\n(10) In its comments to the Commission, the interested party, the French airline SA Corse Air International (hereinafter referred to as \u2018Corsair\u2019) basically transmitted legal documents showing the action it had taken before the French courts. At the beginning of 2003, Corsair had summoned Air Lib to appear before the Cr\u00e9teil Commercial Court because of the unlawful aid from which Air Lib had benefited according to Corsair, demanding that the aid be paid back and asking the Court to order the cessation of the abovementioned commercial activities which Corsair deemed to be unfair practices resulting from the said unlawful aid.\n(11) By a ruling of 12\u00a0February 2003, the Court, having regard inter alia to the procedure initiated by the Commission, declared that it had no jurisdiction in this matter. By submitting information, Corsair had hoped that the Commission would formulate the opinion that the decision of the Court was in conflict with its own decision-making practice and with Community case law.\n(12) Corsair had also adduced arguments in support of the criticism levelled by the Commission at the initial State aid, the company's commercial development and the other fiscal and social support measures from which the company was alleged to have benefited.\nIV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COMMENTS BY FRANCE\n(13) On 19\u00a0May 2003 the French authorities informed the Commission that, following the failure of IMCA's bid to take over Air Lib, they had decided on 5\u00a0February 2003 not to renew Air Lib's temporary operating permit which expired on that date. Consequently, faced with serious financial difficulties, Air Lib filed for bankruptcy with the Cr\u00e9teil Commercial Court on 13\u00a0February 2003 and the Court ruled on 17\u00a0February that the company should be wound up; this ruling was upheld on appeal on 4\u00a0April.\n(14) As there appeared to be no way of resuming the company's activity, the coordinator of the airports of Paris in the meantime reallocated the slots, totalling about 35\u00a0000\u00a0, that had thus become available.\n(15) Accordingly, France has pointed out that in its opinion the formal investigation procedure initiated on 21\u00a0January 2003 was now no longer relevant as court-ordered liquidation is one of the grounds for ending entitlement to State rescue aid provided for in the Community guidelines.\nV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONCLUSIONS\n(16) The Commission notes that the activities of the beneficiary of the aid came to an end without its activities being taken over by any third party in the course of legal proceedings or any other procedure. Consequently, this ended all potential distortion of competition resulting from the measure implemented by the French authorities for the benefit of Air Lib.\n(17) Moreover, the Commission recalls that paragraph\u00a023d of the Community guidelines on State aid for rescuing and restructuring firms in difficulty, published in 1999\u00a0(3), provides that the liquidation of a company is one of the grounds for terminating rescue aid.\n(18) In view of the above, the formal investigation procedure initiated on 21\u00a0January 2003 pursuant to Article\u00a088(2) of the EC Treaty has become devoid of purpose,\nThe procedure of Article\u00a088(2) of the EC Treaty initiated on 21\u00a0January 2003 against the holding company AOM Air Libert\u00e9, known as \u2018Air Lib\u2019, shall be terminated.\nThis Decision is addressed to the French Republic", "answer groups": ["France", "aid for restructuring", "State aid", "control of State aid", "aid to undertakings", "transport company", "air transport"], "distractor groups": ["group travel", "depoliticisation", "entrepreneur", "European Training Foundation", "military cooperation", "concentration of powers", "alternative investment", "committee of inquiry"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "Commission Regulation (EC) No\u00a01337/2007 of 15 November 2007 amending Council Regulation (EC) No\u00a0992/95 as regards Community tariff quotas for certain fishery products originating in Norway\n16.11.2007 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 298/6\nCOMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1337/2007\nof 15 November 2007\namending Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 as regards Community tariff quotas for certain fishery products originating in Norway\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 992/95 of 10 April 1995 opening and providing for the administration of Community tariff quotas for certain agricultural and fishery products originating in Norway\u00a0(1), and in particular Article 5(1)(b) thereof,\nWhereas:\n(1) Participation of Bulgaria and Romania in the European Economic Area was agreed by the EEA Enlargement Agreement, signed between the European Community and its Member States, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway and the EEA Applicant Countries on 25 July 2007.\n(2) Pending the completion of the procedures required for the adoption of the EEA Enlargement Agreement of 2007, an Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters was agreed, which provides for a provisional application of the EEA Enlargement Agreement. That Agreement has been approved by Council Decision 2007/566/EC of 23 July 2007 on the signing and the provisional application of an Agreement on the participation of the Republic of Bulgaria and Romania in the European Economic Area and four related agreements\u00a0(2).\n(3) The EEA Enlargement Agreement provides for an additional Protocol to the EC-Norway Free Trade Agreement of 1973. This additional Protocol provides for new annual duty free tariff quotas and for changes to existing annual duty free tariff quotas at import into the Community of certain fish and fishery products originating in Norway.\n(4) To implement the new and changed tariff quotas provided for in the additional Protocol, it is necessary to amend Regulation (EC) No 992/95.\n(5) Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 of 2 July 1993 laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code\u00a0(3) provides for a system of management of tariff quotas designed to be used following the chronological order of dates of acceptance of the customs declarations. For reasons of simplification the same system should apply for the tariff quotas provided for in Regulation (EC) No 992/95.\n(6) Certain tariff quotas provided for in the additional Protocol should be regarded initially as non-critical within the meaning of Article 308c of Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93. Therefore, Articles 308(c)(2) and (3) of that Regulation should not apply for these tariff quotas.\n(7) In accordance with the additional Protocol the tariff quotas volumes for the year 2007 should not be reduced in proportion to the part of that year which elapsed before the tariff quotas apply, while on the other hand the tariff quotas volumes for the year 2009 should be reduced in proportion to the part of 2009 during which no tariff quotas apply.\n(8) In accordance with Decision 2007/566/EC the new tariff quotas and the changes to existing tariff quotas have to apply from 1 September 2007. This Regulation should therefore apply from the same date and enter into force immediately.\n(9) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Customs Code Committee,\nRegulation (EC) No 992/95 is amended as follows:\n1. Article 2 is replaced by the following:\n2. Article 3 is replaced by the following:\n3. Annexes I and II are amended as set out in the Annex to this Regulation.\nThis Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.\nIt shall apply from 1 September 2007.\nThis Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States", "answer groups": ["Norway", "customs duties", "fishery product", "agricultural product", "tariff quota", "customs regulations"], "distractor groups": ["animal welfare", "Tokelau", "retroactivity of a law", "cyclical unemployment", "customs tariff", "large business", "EAGGF Guarantee Section", "town-planning scheme", "industrial building"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "87/451/ECSC: Commission Decision of 31 July 1987 approving aid from the Federal Republic of Germany to the coal industry during 1987 (Only the German text is authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 31 July 1987\napproving aid from the Federal Republic of Germany to the coal industry during 1987\n(Only the German text is authentic)\n(87/451/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community,\nHaving regard to Commission Decision No 2064/86/ECSC of 30 June 1986 establishing Community rules for State aid to the coal industry (1),\nWhereas:\nI\nIn its communications of 3 November 1986, 3 March 1987 and 13 April 1987, the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany informed the Commission, pursuant to Article 9 (2) of Decision No 2064/86/ECSC, of the financial measures it intends to take during 1987 in order to give direct or indirect support to the coal industry. The following aid is submitted for the approval of the Commission under the above Decision:\n1.2 // // (million DM) // - aid to sales of coal and coke to the iron and steel industry of the Community // 3 450 // - investment aid // 130 // - mine-worker's bonuses for each shift worked underground ('Bergmannspraemie') // 185 // - aid to special depreciation in the framework of rationalization measures // 30 // - aid to cover the difference between effective and normal social charges // 274 // - aid in the framework to the second and third electricity-from-coal laws // 3 109\nIn accordance with Article 12 of the Decision, coal undertakings shall be authorized, where necessary, to grant rebates on their list prices or production costs, for deliveries of coking coal, blast-furnace coke and coal for injection into blast furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community under long-term contract; these rebates must not cause the delivered prices of Community coal and coke to work out lower than those which would be charged for coal from non-member countries and coke made from non-member country coking coal.\nAccording to the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, the aid to sales of coking coal, blast furnace coke and coal for injection into blast furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community, totalling DM 3 450 million will make up the difference between world market prices and production costs for 25 million tonnes. The aid therefore conforms to Article 4 of the Decision.\nThe sales aid for supplies of coal, blast furnace coke and coal for injection into blast furnaces for the iron and steel industry of the Community is intended to prevent premature pit closures. In accordance with the third indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision, this contributes to solving the social and regional problems related to developments in the coal industry.\nThe investment aid of DM 130 million is intended for investment projects in pits, coking plants, briquetting plants and mines' power stations. The aid will cover 3,6 % of the total investment of DM 3 600 million; it complies with the provisions of Article 5 (1) and (2) of the Decision for every coal-field.\nIn terms of the Community's coal policy guidelines, the investment aid for 1987 must be regarded as positive since it will help to improve the competitiveness of the coal industry in line with the first indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision.\nUnder Article 5 (3) of the Decision the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany must inform the Commission, at least once a year in respect of each programme, of the aims pursued, the amount of capital expenditure assigned to it and the amounts of aid involved.\nThe aid of DM 185 million to finance the mine-worker's bonuses 'Bergmannspraemie' (DM 10 per shift worked underground) helps the coal industry to maintain a skilled underground workforce. The aid is a specific measure which has been in existence for years (reduction of tax on miners' incomes) and which has to be notified separately from aid under Articles 3 to 5 of the Decision. The aid therefore complies with Article 6 of the Decision.\nThe object of the mine-worker's bonuses 'Bergmannspraemie' is to maintain a qualified workforce for the purpose of rationalization measures in order to improve the coal industry's competitiveness in accordance with the first indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision.\nThe Government of the Federal Republic of Germany is providing in 1987 for special depreciation for extension and rationalization measures in underground mining. This special depreciation allowance, which has existed for many years and has been approved by the Commission as a general measure in accordance with Article 67 of the ECSC, totals DM 30 million.\nThe measure is based on \u00a7 51 of the Income Tax Law and on \u00a7 81 of the Income Tax Regulations and will not give any particular competitive advantage to the German coal mining industry vis-\u00e0-vis other Community coal producers.\nThe measure will help to intensify rationalization and improve competitiveness in accordance with the first indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision.\nThe notifications submitted to the Commission by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany on measures to finance social benefits in the coal-mining industry show that State contributions to the social security systems of the mining industry as a whole make the effective social charges of coal undertakings lower than the standard charges the undertakings would have to bear in accordance with Article 7 of the Decision. The difference for the mining industry as a whole amounts to DM 343 million, of which about 80 % (= DM 274 million) is for coal-mining.\nAccordingly, the limits drawn in Article 7 of the Decision are exceeded by this amount, which must be therefore regarded as indirect aid to current production. The production costs of undertakings are reduced through low social charges (DM 3 per tonne = 1,3 % of total production costs).\nThe State contributions to the social security systems of the mining industry as a whole apply to all forms of mining (coal, ore, salts, etc.) and hence constitute a general measure under Article 67 of the ECSC Treaty. Compared with the other coal producers in the Community, reducing the production costs by 1,3 % does not represent any particular competitive advantage for the German coal-mining industry since returns do not cover production costs. Exceeding the limits set in Article 7 of the Decision by DM 274 million can therefore be approved as a general measure under Article 67 of the ECSC Treaty. The measure also helps to ease the social problems referred to in the third indent of Article 2 (1).\nOn account of the second and third electricity-from-coal laws, the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany provides to pass on the extra cost of burning national coal for 1987 by raising electricity tariffs ('Kohlepfennig'). The amount of this aid, which has been in existence for many years and was approved by the Commission as a general measure pursuant to the EEC Treaty, is DM 3 109 million; the granting conditions of this aid remain unchanged. The measure also helps to ease the social problems referred to in the third indent of Article 2 (1).\nII\nThe following observations should be made on the compatibility of the proposed aid to current production with the proper functioning of the common market:\n- there are unlikely to be supply difficulties in 1987 in view of pithead stocks of coal and coke,\n- deliveries of German coal to other Community countries will fall in 1987 compared with 1986,\n- price alignment agreements with respect to Community producers will be probably only very limited in 1987,\n- German coal prices should not, in principle, lead to indirect aid to industrial coal users in 1987; Therefore the aid to be granted to the current production of the German coal industry in 1987 is compatible with the proper functioning of the common market.\nIII\nPursuant to Article 11 (2) of the Decision, the Commission must ensure that the direct aid to current production which it approves is used exclusively for the purposes set out in Articles 3 to 6 thereof. The Commission must therefore be informed in particular of the amounts of payments and the manner in which they are apportioned,\nThe Federal Republic of Germany is hereby authorized to grant aid totalling DM 7 178 million to the German coal industry with effect from 1 January 1987, for the 1987 calendar year.\nThe total amount shall be made up of the following aids:\n1. an amount not exceeding DM 3 450 million in aid to sales of coal and coke to the iron and steel industry of the Community;\n2. an amount not exceeding DM 130 million in investment aid;\n3. an amount not exceeding DM 185 million in aid to the mine-worker's bonuses for each shift worked underground ('Bergmannspraemie');\n4. an amount not exceeding DM 30 million in aid to special depreciation for rationalization measures;\n5. an amount not exceeding DM 274 million to cover the difference between effective and normal social charges;\n6. an amount not exceeding DM 3 109 million in the framework of the second and third electricity-from-coal laws.\nThe Government of the Federal Republic of Germany shall inform the Commission:\n- by 30 September 1987, of the extent to which the amounts of aid specified in this Decision are likely to change in the light of the pattern of aid payments during the first nine months of 1987,\n- by 30 June 1988 of the actual amounts of aid paid in 1987.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer groups": ["Germany", "State aid", "coal mining"], "distractor groups": ["judicial proceedings", "home care", "prostitution", "contiguous zone", "Midtjylland (region)", "intra-EU trade", "audio cassette", "International Criminal Court", "transport policy", "economic stabilisation", "broker", "ironmongery"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2011/498/EU: Commission Decision of 9\u00a0August 2011 terminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n10.8.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 205/35\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 9 August 2011\nterminating the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China\n(2011/498/EU)\nTHE EUROPEAN COMMISSION\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,\nHaving regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1225/2009 of 30 November 2009 on protection against dumped imports from countries not members of the European Community\u00a0(1) (the basic Regulation), and in particular Article 9 thereof,\nAfter consulting the Advisory Committee,\nWhereas:\nA.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Initiation\n(1) On 23 July 2010, the European Commission (the Commission) announced, by a notice published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(2) (the notice of initiation), the initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding pursuant to Article 5 of the basic Regulation with regard to imports into the Union of tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate (TCPP) originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China (the \u2018country concerned\u2019 or \u2018the PRC\u2019).\n(2) The proceeding was initiated following a complaint lodged on 9 June 2010 by the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC) (the complainant) on behalf of producers representing a major proportion, in this case more than 25\u00a0%, of the total Union production of TCPP. The complaint contained evidence of dumping of TCPP from the PRC and of material injury resulting therefrom, which was considered sufficient to justify the initiation of a proceeding.\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Parties concerned by the proceeding\n(3) The Commission officially advised the complainant, other known Union producers, the exporting producers, importers and users known to be concerned as well as their associations, and the representatives of the exporting country, of the initiation of the proceeding. Interested parties were given an opportunity to make their views known in writing and to request a hearing within the time limit set in the notice of initiation. All interested parties, who so requested and showed that there were particular reasons why they should be heard, were granted a hearing.\n(4) In view of the apparent high number of exporting producers and importers, sampling was envisaged in the notice of initiation for the determination of dumping and injury, in accordance with Article 17 of the basic Regulation. In order to enable the Commission to decide whether sampling would be necessary and, if so, to select a sample, all exporting producers and importers were asked to make themselves known to the Commission and to provide, as specified in the notice of initiation, basic information on their activities related to the product concerned during the investigation period (1 July 2009 to 30 June 2010).\n(5) After examination of the information submitted, and given the high number of importers which indicated their willingness to cooperate, it was decided that sampling was necessary with regard to unrelated importers. Whereas, given the limited number of exporting producers that indicated their willingness to cooperate, it was decided that sampling was not necessary with regard to exporting producers.\n(6) Six unrelated importers, accounting for 25\u00a0% of imports to the Union, agreed to be included in the sample. Two importers, accounting for around 20\u00a0% of imports from the PRC and over 80\u00a0% of imports of the importers that agreed to be included in the sample, were included in the sample. In accordance with Article 17(2) of the basic Regulation, the parties concerned were given the opportunity to comment on the selection of the sample. No objection was raised with regards to the selection of the sample.\n(7) The Commission sent questionnaires to the exporting producers, sampled importers, the Union producers, to all known users in the Union, and to known analogue country producers in the United States of America (USA). Questionnaire replies were received from four exporting producers in the PRC, one analogue country producer, three Union producers, two sampled importers and 35 users in the EU. However, one of the four Chinese exporting producers supplied a highly deficient questionnaire reply, and was subsequently considered as non-cooperating.\n(8) In order to allow exporting producers in the PRC to submit a claim for market economy treatment (MET) or individual treatment (IT), if they so wished, the Commission sent claim forms to the exporting producers that made themselves known within the deadlines set out in the notice of initiation. Two (groups of) companies requested MET pursuant to Article 2(7) of the basic Regulation or IT pursuant to Article 9(5) of the basic Regulation should the investigation establish that they did not meet the conditions for MET. One company claimed only IT.\n(9) The Commission sought and verified the information deemed necessary for a determination of dumping, resulting injury and Union interest. Verification visits were carried out at the premises of the following companies:\nExporting producers in the PRC\n\u2014 Albemarle Chemicals (Nanjing), Nanjing, PRC,\n\u2014 Jiangsu Yoke Technology Co. Ltd, Yixing, PRC;\nRelated importers in the EU\n\u2014 Albemarle Europe, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium,\n\u2014 Shekoy Chemicals Europe BV, Breda, the Netherlands;\nUnion producers\n\u2014 ICL-IP Bitterfeld GmbH, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany,\n\u2014 LANXESS Deutschland GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany,\n\u2014 PCC Rokita SA, Brzeg Dolny, Poland.\n(10) In view of the need to establish a normal value for exporting producers in the PRC to which MET might not be granted and the exporting producer that requested only IT, a verification to establish normal value on the basis of data from the USA as analogue country took place at the premises of the following company:\n\u2014 ICL-IP America Inc., St Louis, Missouri, USA.\n2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Investigation period and period considered\n(11) The investigation of dumping and injury covered the period from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2010 (\u2018investigation period\u2019 or \u2018IP\u2019). The examination of trends relevant for the assessment of injury covered the period from 1 January 2007 to the end of the investigation period (period considered).\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned and like product\n3.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Product concerned\n(12) The product concerned is tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate originating in the PRC currently falling within CN code ex\u00a02919\u00a090\u00a000.\n\u2014 2-Propanol, 1-chloro, phosphate (3:1),\n\u2014 tris(monochloroisopropyl)phosphate (TMCP),\n\u2014 tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate (TCIP),\n\u2014 phosphoric acid, tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)ester,\n\u2014 tris(beta-chloroisopropyl)phosphate,\n\u2014 1-chloro-2-propanol phosphate (3:1).\n(13) The product concerned is a flame retardant mainly used in the production of polyurethane (PUR) for use in construction and furniture.\n3.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Like product\n(14) The investigation has shown that TCPP produced and sold on the domestic market of the PRC and TCPP imported into the Union from the PRC, and that produced and sold on the domestic market of the USA, which served as an analogue country, as well as the TCPP produced and sold in the Union by the Union industry have the same basic physical, chemical and technical characteristics and uses. Therefore, these products are considered to be alike within the meaning of Article 1(4) of the basic Regulation.\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Preliminary findings and subsequent procedure\n(15) On 27 April 2011, the Commission disclosed to interested parties an information document setting out its preliminary findings with respect to this proceeding. Given the need to examine certain aspects of the investigation further, it was considered appropriate not to impose any provisional measures and to continue the investigation. All parties were given the opportunity to submit relevant evidence and comments on the preliminary findings. The parties which so requested were also granted the opportunity to be heard. The Commission continued to seek and verify all information it deemed necessary for its final findings.\nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WITHDRAWAL OF THE COMPLAINT AND TERMINATION OF THE PROCEEDING\n(16) By a letter dated 16 June 2011 addressed to the Commission, the complainant formally withdrew its complaint.\n(17) In accordance with Article 9(1) of the basic Regulation, the proceeding may be terminated where the complaint is withdrawn unless such termination would not be in the Union interest.\n(18) The Commission considered that the present proceeding should be terminated since the investigation had not brought to light any consideration showing that such termination would not be in the Union interest. Interested parties were informed accordingly and were given the opportunity to comment. However, no comments that could alter that decision were received.\n(19) The Commission therefore concludes that the anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports into the Union of tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate originating in the PRC should be terminated without the imposition of measures,\nThe anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)phosphate originating in the People\u2019s Republic of China currently falling within CN code ex\u00a02919\u00a090\u00a000 is hereby terminated.\nThis Decision shall enter into force on the day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union", "answer groups": ["import (EU)", "anti-dumping legislation", "originating product", "chemical product", "China"], "distractor groups": ["newly industrialised country", "product design", "European cooperative", "insurance occupation", "World Trade Organisation", "occupational status", "EEA Joint Consultative Committee", "radioactive effluent", "administrative sanction", "deliberative democracy"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "91/405/ECSC: Commission Decision of 17 December 1990 ruling on the granting of aid by Belgium to the coal industry during 1991 (Only the French and Dutch texts are authentic)\nCOMMISSION DECISION of 17 December 1990 ruling on the granting of aid by Belgium to the coal industry during 1991 (Only the French and Dutch texts are authentic) (91/405/ECSC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community,\nHaving regard to Commission Decision No 2064/86/ECSC of 30 June 1986 establishing Community rules for State aid to the coal industry (1),\nWhereas:\nI\nIn its letter of 2 October 1990 the Belgian Government informed the Commission, pursuant to Article 9 (2) of Decision No 2064/86/ECSC, of the financial measures it intends to take to support the coal industry in 1991.\nPursuant to the abovementioned Decision, the Commission must give a ruling on the following financial aid schemes for 1991 submitted to it for approval:\n- aid totalling Bfr 2 257 570 000 to cover operating losses,\n- aid totalling Bfr 292 700 000 to finance social benefit schemes in the coal industry, corresponding to the difference between actual and normal social charges,\n- aid totalling Bfr 37 700 000 to cover expenses relating to the system of supplementary holiday for underground workers.\nAccording to the information supplied by the Belgian Government, the measures notified are intended to help implement the restructuring plan for the firm Kempense Steenkolenmijnen, the closure of the last working pit being scheduled for no later than 1992.\nThe measures which the Belgian Government intends to take to support the coal industry comply with the provisions of Article 1 (1) of Decision 2064/86/ECSC. The Commission must therefore give a ruling, pursuant to Article 10 of the Decision, as to whether they comply with the objectives and criteria set out in that Decision and whether they are compatible with the proper functioning of the common market.\nII\nSince the entry into force in 1987 of a restructuring plan made necessary by the lack of economic viability of coal production in the long term, extraction capacities have been gradually reduced from 4,4 million tonnes in 1987 to 0,8 million tonnes in 1991.\nThe amount of aid notified for 1991 represents only 20 % of the aid granted in 1986.\nThe decreasing levels of aid which the Belgian Government intends to grant, its temporary nature and the implementation of a multiannual restructuring plan are in accordance with the conditions of application of Decision No 2064/86/ECSC.\nThe aid to cover operating losses will facilitate continuation of the last phase of the restructuring programme for the Campine coalfield, as decided by Ministerial Decree in January 1987. The planned aid will cover no more than 83 %, for each tonne produced, of the difference between foreseeable costs and returns, and therefore complies with the provisions of Article 3 (1) of the Decision.\nThis aid contributes to solving the social and regional problems related to the decline in coal production, in conformity with the third indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision.\nThe notification submitted to the Commission regarding the financing of social benefits in the coal industry reveals that the aid which the Belgian Government proposes to grant brings the ratio between the burden per mineworker in employment and the benefits per person in receipt of benefit below the corresponding ratio in other industries. This difference should amount to Bfr 292 700 000 in 1991.\nThe exceeding of the limits specified in Article 7 of Decision No 2064/86/ECSC must therefore be considered as indirect aid to current production. The reduction in production costs this entails, which is about 6 %, does not constitute a significant competitive advantage for the Belgian coal industry compared with other Community coal producers. In view of the abnormal burdens that the Belgian industry has to bear owing to the gradual decline in production.\nAs this measure is linked to the restructuring programme, it is helping to solve the social and regional problems related to developments in the coal industry, in conformity with the third indent of Article 2 (1) of the Decision.\nThe aid to cover expenditure relating to the system of supplementary holiday for underground workers constitutes indirect aid to current production. It meets the objectives and conditions defined in Article 2 of the Decision in view of its modest scale i.e. less than 1 % of the cost price per tonne produced, its temporary nature and the fact that it forms part of the restructuring plan.\nIII\nThe aid covered by this Decision is therefore compatible with the proper functioning of the common market.\nThis Decision is without prejudice to the compatibility with the Treaties of the rules governing sales of Belgian coal to electricity producers,\nThe Belgian Government is hereby authorized to grant aid totalling Bfr 2 587 970 000 to the Belgian coal industry for the 1991 calendar year. The total amount shall be made up of the following aid:\n1. aid to cover operating losses not exceeding Bfr 2 257 570 000;\n2. aid to finance social benefit schemes in the coal industry not exceeding Bfr 292 700 000;\n3. aid to cover expenses relating to the system of supplementary holiday for underground workers, not exceeding Bfr 37 700 000.\nThe Belgian Government shall inform the Commission not later than 30 June 1992 of the actual amounts of aid paid in 1991.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Kingdom of Belgium", "answer groups": ["economic support", "coal industry", "State aid"], "distractor groups": ["educational reform", "merchandising", "Development Assistance Committee", "Vrancea", "wave energy", "migrant unemployment", "slaughter of animals", "West Zealand (county)", "regions of Sweden", "Hindu law", "Rhine Valley", "industrial infrastructure"]}, {"question": " What concepts does the above document include? ", "paragraph": "2008/680/EC: Commission Decision of 23 October 2007 on the State aid scheme C 33/06 (ex N 576/04) which Germany intended to implement for the introduction of digital terrestrial television in Bavaria (notified under document number C(2007) 5094) (Text with EEA relevance)\n20.8.2008 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 222/5\nCOMMISSION DECISION\nof 23 October 2007\non the State aid scheme C 33/06 (ex N 576/04) which Germany intended to implement for the introduction of digital terrestrial television in Bavaria\n(notified under document number C(2007) 5094)\n(Only the German version is authentic)\n(Text with EEA relevance)\n(2008/680/EC)\nTHE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES\n,\nHaving regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 88(2) thereof,\nHaving regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 62(1)(a) thereof,\nHaving called on interested parties to submit their comments pursuant to those provisions\u00a0(1),\nWhereas:\nI.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROCEDURE\n(1) By letter of 8 December 2004, registered on 10 December 2004, Germany notified the Commission in accordance with Article 88(3) of the EC Treaty of a measure concerning the financing of the rollout of digital terrestrial television in Bavaria by means of a subsidy for the transmission costs of commercial television broadcasters using the digital terrestrial platform.\n(2) By letter of 31 January 2005, the Commission requested additional information to which Germany replied, after extension of the deadline, by letter of 22 March 2005, registered on the same day. A further request for information was sent on 20 May 2005 to which Germany replied by letter of 16 June 2005, registered on 24 June 2005. The measure had similarities to the public funding of digital terrestrial television in Berlin-Brandenburg where the Commission initiated the procedure on 14 July 2004 and adopted a final decision declaring the aid incompatible with the Common Market on 9 November 2005\u00a0(2).\n(3) In view of the similarities between the two cases, the Commission and Germany agreed to suspend the notification procedure in the present case in order to allow the authorities to assess the consequences of the Berlin-Brandenburg decision for the present case.\n(4) By letter of 12 April 2006, the Commission requested Germany to determine its position in the notification procedure referred to in recital 2 within one month. By letter of 12 May 2006, Germany informed the Commission that it did not intend to withdraw or fundamentally change the notified measure. Germany, however, announced a small modification of the Bavarian notification which it, eventually, submitted by letter of 19 May 2006. The modification introduced a distinction between the subsidies granted to local television channels and those granted to the national television channels. By letter dated 19 July 2006, C(2006) 3175 final, the Commission informed Germany that it had decided to initiate the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty in view of the doubts about the compatibility of the measure with the EC Treaty.\n(5) The Commission decision to initiate the procedure was published in the Official Journal of the European Union\n\u00a0(3). The Commission called on interested parties to submit their comments.\n(6) Germany submitted its observation by letter registered on 2 October 2006. Comments on the opening were submitted by ESOA (European Satellite Operators Association) on 22 September 2006, ANGA (Verband Privater Kabelnetzbetreiber e.V.) on 22 September 2006, Deutscher Kabelverband on 26 September 2006 and ProSiebenSat.1 on 26 September 2006.\n(7) Following further exchanges of information between the Commission and the German authorities, Germany informed the Commission by letter of 11 July 2007, registered on 17 July 2007, that the notified measure was no longer pursued, the notification was withdrawn and that only de minimis aid pursuant to Commission Regulation (EC) No 1998/2006 of 15 December 2006 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the Treaty to de minimis aid\u00a0(4) was granted to three local commercial broadcasters in Bavaria.\nII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURE\n(8) The objective of the measure was to support the introduction of digital terrestrial television in Bavaria by means of a subsidy for the transmission costs of commercial television broadcasters\u00a0(5).\nIII.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0COMMENTS FROM GERMANY\n(9) The German authorities, in the letter dated 11 July 2007, informed the Commission that the notified measure has not been implemented and that it is withdrawn.\nIV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ASSESSMENT\n(10) After the withdrawal of the notification, the procedure no longer has any relevance.\nV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CONCLUSION\n(11) Therefore, the Commission has decided to close the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty on the ground that it is without object, recording the withdrawal of the measure by Germany,\nAfter the withdrawal by Germany of the notified measure, the present proceedings have become without object. The Commission has thus decided to close the procedure laid down in Article 88(2) of the EC Treaty.\nThis Decision is addressed to the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer groups": ["control of State aid", "State aid", "Bavaria", "Germany", "broadcasting", "high-definition television"], "distractor groups": ["budgetary resources", "Member States' contribution", "Mongolia", "freedom of expression", "patronage", "cost of living", "Bremen", "Ruse region", "reassignment"]}]