The psychological benefits of swimming

We often focus on the physical benefits of exercise and tend to forget that it has significant psychological benefits too. Encouraging children to participate in after school sports clubs promotes psychological well-being as well as an improved quality of life.

Benefits of physical activity on brain function:

Child engagement in physical activity plays a crucial role in the development of the brain and supports essential mental functions. Exercise can result in improved motor skills, better thinking and problem-solving, creativity, stronger attention skills and improved learning. Unsurprisingly, these improvements combine to benefit school performance.

Benefits of physical activity on emotional and mental health:

During physical activity the brain releases “Feel-good” chemicals, known as endorphins, which help to improve mood, energy levels and even sleep. These benefits can help to increase self-confidence and resilience in children.

When trying new activities or regularly attending clubs, children develop new skills and consequently achieve a sense of accomplishment which can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in the future.

By joining after school clubs, children are given the opportunity to improve their relationships with other children. Shared physical activities can give them a sense of belongingness and companionship therefore reducing loneliness. Overtime, these benefits combined can additionally help children focus and develop their confidence in classroom environments.

Exercise can improve self-esteem and self-worth too. It is important to help your child develop this awareness as early as possible and to play your part in promoting a healthy body image.

These are just a selection of psychological benefits of physical activity as the list goes on and on. There is a large variety of activities that your child can get involved in, swimming is namely one. It is essential that your child has the opportunity to attend after school clubs and learn this most vital and amazing lifeskill. Contact Swimsound today


Day 10: A Breath of Agency

Was thinking this morning about character agency in storytelling and how powerful a force it is. Remove it and you remove the heart and soul of the story. That got my thinking about agency in our lives. How do we express it and what happens when we do?

A Breath of Agency

Day 131: Burning Race

Burning Race

Day 180 & 181: Information.Energy, The Wealth If a Journey

The Wealth of a Journey

Day 97: Chase the Shine

Wait, Day 97? What happened to 96?

I missed it.

No excuse, I had an opportunity to do it during my break at work and I passed on. After that, when I got home I crashed. Hard. Been trying to do so much lately. Not the point.

I am proud that it took me 96 days before is missed a poem. New goal: try to go the rest of the year without missing another one. If I am to miss another, try to beat my 96 day streak.

Today’s poem is inspired by missing yesterday’s. I couldn’t tell you why Neverland and Peter Pan popped into my head, exactly, though in this context it certainly makes sense. Those stories are really depressing and downright frightening at their heart. Missed and stolen opportunities.

A piece of me mourns the loss of yesterday’s poem. It will never be written, never grow up, or go on adventures. It won’t even get to die because it was never born. Simply missed. An adventure not taken, an opportunity not explored. On the other hand, I am taking to heart why this is so valuable to me. The pursuit of dreams, seeing beauty realized and brought to fruition. Here is a rededication to never stop chasing the shine.

Chase the Shine

Day 94: Should Have Foreseen

An unfortunate incident with my computer set me back by over a month and a half of work. It’s not just the accumulated backlog, but the new stuff I’m supposed to be pushing forward on as well. One of the poor projects fallen victim to circumstances is The Everyday Poet Podcast. Fortunately my cohost is amazing and hasn’t lit any of his enthusiasm for the project.

All that said, I’ve been thinking a lot about preventable mistakes. Hindsight is twenty-twenty, but if I’d just done things a little bit differently, prepared just a bit better, adjusted my mindset…it’s never a good feeling when you find yourself mired in the state of “this could have been prevented if only…” which I found myself in today after driving in to work.

Should Have Foreseen


When measuring the health of a company, it is essential to examine the financial standing of the company. The Debt-equity ratio or risk ratio or gearing is a leverage ratio that can evaluate the company’s financial leverage. It is used to calculate the weight of total debt and financial liabilities against total shareholders’ equity.

What is the Debt to Equity Ratio?

– The debt-to-equity ratio used to measure a company’s ability to repay its obligations.

– The debt/equity ratio shows the health of a company. In case of a higher ratio, the company is getting more financing by borrowing money subjecting to risk if potential debts are too high, which can lead to company bankruptcy during hard times.

– Lenders and investors generally prefer low debt-to-equity ratio because their interests are better protected during a business decline.

– The debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio compares a company’s total liabilities to its shareholder equity and can be used to evaluate how much leverage a company is using.

– Higher leverage ratios tend to indicate a company or stock with higher risk to shareholders.

– However, the D/E ratio is difficult to compare across industry groups, where ideal amounts of debt will vary.

– Investors will often modify the D/E ratio to focus on long-term debt only because the risk of long-term liabilities are different than for short-term debt and payables.

How is Debt-to-equity Ratio Calculated?

To start calculating the debt-to-equity ratio, you have to divide the total debt owed by the company by the shareholders’ equity.

Debt-to-equity ratio = Liabilities / Equity

The liabilities include short term debts, long term debts and fixed payment obligations.

How does a debt to equity ratio work?

A high debt to equity ratio can be associated with increased risk. If the ratio is high, it means that the company is borrowing capital to finance its growth. Lenders and investors often lean towards the companies which have a lower debt to equity ratio.

The debt to equity ratio should be compared to the data from other financial years. If there is a sudden increase in a company’s DE ratio, it can mean that the company has a growth strategy that it is aggressively funding through debt. The ratio should be compared with the average ratios to avoid misinterpretation. Capital intensive companies tend to have a higher DE ratio than service firms.

Limitations of the DE Ratio:

– A debt-to-equity ratio of 1 is considered to be optimal, i.e. liabilities = equity. This ratio is very industry-specific as it depends on the proportion of current and non-current assets. Capital intensive companies will have a higher DE than service companies.

– The maximum acceptable debt-to-equity ratio for more companies is between 1.5-2 or less. For larger companies, a value higher than 2 of the debt-to-equity ratio is acceptable.

– In general, a high debt-to-equity ratio indicates that a company may not be able to generate enough cash to satisfy its debt obligations. However, a low debt-to-equity ratio may also mean that a company is not taking advantage of the increased profits that financial leverage may bring.

Risk of High Debt-to-Equity Ratio:

– If a company’s D/E ratio is very high, any incurred losses will be compounded, and the company may not be able to repay its debt.

– If the DE ratio gets too high, then the cost of borrowing will rapidly increase, as will the cost of equity, and the company’s WACC will get too high, driving down its share price.

Benefits of High Debt-to-Equity Ratio:

– A high debt-equity ratio shows that a firm can efficiently fulfil its debt obligations through the company’s cash flow and is using the leverage to increase equity returns and strategic growth.

– Using more debt raises the company’s return on equity (ROE). The equity account is smaller, and returns on equity are higher if the debt is used instead of equity.

– The cost of debt is often lower than that of equity, and therefore increasing the D/E ratio up to a certain point can lower a firm’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC).

Know about more stock trading ratios and related information on the Angel One website. To start trading, get in touch with our team today!


What is Statistics?

Statistics are a collection of statistical tools which are used to quantitavely describe or summarize a collection of data.

Descriptive statistics aim to summarize, and as such can be distinguished rom inferential statistics, which are more preictive nature.

Generalizability refers to the ability to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the population as a whole based on the results of data collected from a sample.

This ability is not a give, and depends heavily on the nature of sample collection, sample sixe, and various other factors.

Standard Deviation

The standard deviation of a distribution is the average deviation between individual distribution scores and the distribution's mean.

Individually, the standard deviation provides a good measure of how spread out a disquisitions scores are.

When considered alongside the mean, these two measures provide a good overview of the distribution scores.

When there are more scores toward one end of the distribution than the other, this results in skew.

When the scores of a distribution are more clustered at the high end, the relativel fewer number of scores on the low end result in a tail, with the scenario being referred to as negative skew.

Positive skew is when a distribution shows a tail at its high end.

Variance is the statistical average of the dispersion of scores in a distribution.

Variance is not often used on its own, but can be useful calculation on the way to a more descriptive statistical measurements, such as standard deviation.

The median is a score of a distribution residing at the 50th percentile, separating the top and bottom 50 percent of scores.

The median is useful for both splitting an set distribution scores in half and helping to identify the skew of distribution.

A distribution is the arrangement of data by the values of one variable in order , from low to high.

This arrangement, and its characteristics, such as shape and spread, provide information about the underlying sample.

Source: Data Science App


Understanding Our Parasympathetic Nervous System

We might never have heard of our parasympathetic nervous system. But by understanding what it is and does, we can learn how to use it to bring our levels of anxiety down in a physical way.

Understanding Our Parasympathetic Nervous System

What Is Our Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Before we start to understand how our parasympathetic nervous system works, we need to know what it is.

Our nervous system receives, interprets and transmits signals to and from different parts of our body. It’s made up of our spinal cord, brain, nerves,  ganglia (a group of nerve cells), receptor organs, and transmitter organs.

Parts of our nervous system are ‘autonomic’. This means that we don’t consciously prompt our nervous system to do or control certain things. For example, our autonomic nervous system regulates our blood pressure.

Other parts of our nervous system are ‘somatic’ or voluntary. This means that we have to consciously think about them. For example, we consciously decide to walk. It doesn’t happen automatically.

Where Does Our Parasympathetic Nervous System Fit In?

When we talk about our nervous system, we often look at it as a whole. Breaking it into smaller parts, helps us to look at the unique effects each part has on our body.

Our nervous system can be split into our Central Nervous System (CNS), and our Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The central nervous system is made up of our spinal cord and our brain. Our peripheral nervous system is split into our somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system can be further split into our sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

What Does Our Parasympathetic Nervous System Do?

To understand our parasympathetic nervous system, it’s helpful to know a little bit about our sympathetic nervous system because they work opposite one another.

If we picture our nervous system as a car, our sympathetic nervous system would be the accelerator, and our parasympathetic nervous system would be the brakes. So to relate that to the body; our sympathetic nervous system stimulates actions and responses, and our parasympathetic nervous system inhibits them.

How Does This Relate To Anxiety?

Most of us have heard of ‘fight or flight’. When we’re faced with a ‘threat’, be it a grizzly bear or a phonecall, our sympathetic nervous system is stimulated. It triggers a physical response that gives us the best possible chance of winning the fight or escaping.

Our parasympathetic nervous system is the opposite of this. It’s in charge of ‘resting’ and ‘digesting’. Some of the things it does include stimulating our saliva, lowering our heartbeat, contracting our bladder, constricting our pupils and digesting our food.

Essentially, our sympathetic nervous system triggers our anxiety response, and once the threat has passed, our parasympathetic nervous system helps us to calm down again.

The Science Bit

Some of us find it helpful to understand the science of our responses.

When something triggers our anxiety, part of our brain called the ‘amygdala’ receives this trigger. It sends a distress signal to our hypothalamus (another bit of our brain). Our hypothalamus is the ‘command centre’. It’s in charge of communicating with the rest of the body.

Once our hypothalamus receives the ‘SOS’ message from our amygdala, it knows that we need to activate our sympathetic nervous system. It sends a message to our adrenal glands to let them know that we’re facing a threat. This prompts these glands to pump adrenaline into our bloodstream (which is why our adrenaline levels rise when we’re anxious!).

As adrenaline floods our body, we start to feel the physical symptoms of anxiety. Our heartbeat, blood pressure and pulse increase. We start to breath more quickly and our airways open so that we can take in more oxygen. Our senses sharpen and we begin to be more sensitive to light, sound and other sensory input. Glucose (sugar) and fat are released from temporary storage, providing nutrients to our muscles as they prepare to fight, to run away.

All of this can happen so quickly that we might not even have processed the threat before it kicks in.

When The Threat Doesn’t Pass

Sometimes, our anxiety response needs to keep going for a while. To make this happen, our hypothalamus (the control centre bit of our brain) hormones which prompt our adrenal glands to release another hormone called cortisol. Cortisol keeps our body on ‘high alert’. Our body stays in a ‘high alert’ state until our cortisol levels drop again.

Once our cortisol levels drop, our parasympathetic nervous system kicks in which starts to dampen our stress response. It releases hormones to relax our mind and body putting it into ‘rest and digest’ mode. Our heartbeat slows, and breathing settles down again.

How Does Our Parasympathetic Nervous System Relate To Longer-Term Anxiety?

When something triggers our anxiety, the way our sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems respond is a normal and vital biological response. We all have a similar response; it keeps us safe.

For those of us with anxiety, our systematic nervous system is repeatedly triggered over a longer period of time. The danger doesn’t pass in the way that a specific trigger, such as coming face-to-face with a lion, might.

Because the danger doesn’t pass, our cortisol levels remain high. This means that our parasympathetic nervous system doesn’t kick in and our anxiety-response is maintained.

Chronic levels of stress or anxiety can lead to some physical problems. This could include damage to blood vessels, constant fatigue, headaches, and digestive problems.

How Can We Use Our Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Activating our parasympathetic nervous system can improve our mood, lower our heart rate and blood pressure, strengthen our immune system, and allow us to feel more relaxed.

When our body goes a little off-kilter and our anxiety levels remain high, we can tap into our parasympathetic nervous system externally, to bring our stress levels back down.

Temperature, Intense Exercise, Paired Muscle Relaxation, Paced Breathing (TIPP)

‘TIPP’ is a skill often taught in Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT). It stands for ‘Temperature, Intense exercise, Paired muscle relaxation, Paced breathing’. It’s a physical way of reducing our levels of anxiety using our parasympathetic nervous system.

T – Temperature. By altering our temperature, we can slow our heart rate down. This activates our parasympathetic nervous system. One way to alter our temperature is by holding our breath and putting our face in cold water for three seconds or so. If we’re not a fan of the face-dunk, we could wrap an ice pack in a tea towel, and hold it against our eyes, cheek or forehead

I – Intense Exercise. Exercise isn’t suitable for everyone. But if we’re able to do it, it can deepen and slow our breathing which helps to release muscle tension bringing a feeling of calm. For exercise to class as ‘intense’, we need to get our heart rate going. There are lots of ways we could do this; run up and down the stairs, follow a YouTube exercise video, do jumping jacks, or go for a run around the block.

P – Paired Muscle Relaxation. This is where we work through sets of muscles, one at a time, tensing them as we breathe in, and relaxing them as we breathe out. Often it’s helpful to work up our body by starting at our feet by clenching our toes, and working all the way up our body until we reach our eyes.

P – Paced Breathing. This can help us to slow our breathing down. There are lots of ways that we can pace our breathing. We could sit comfortably and count our breathing in and out. Alternatively, we might like to try things like yoga, deep abdominal breathing, tai chi, mindfulness, and meditation. If we’re struggling an app such as ‘fear tools’ can be helpful, because it gives us a visual pattern to follow.

Other Ways We Can Kick-Start Our Parasympathetic Nervous System

Relaxation: Various things can help us to relax. We’re all different and might find some things relaxing that others find stressful. We could try things like having a massage, focusing on soothing words, visualising calming scenes, stroking a pet, having a bubble bath, or repeating prayer or affirmations.

Time in Nature: Grounding ourselves in nature, and reconnecting with the earth have been shown to help us regulate our hormone and nervous systems. Time in nature can shift our nervous system from sympathetic to parasympathetic.

Pleasure: Doing things we enjoy can decrease the levels of cortisol in our bloodstream. This triggers our parasympathetic nervous system, reducing our levels of anxiety.

Using These Tools In Practice

It can take practice to use these skills when our anxiety is high and to use them effectively. Sometimes we need to tweak or adjust the skills we learn until they work for us. For example, with temperature, we might not like putting our face in cold water, and might not own a freezer so can’t freeze ice packs. Instead, we might use instant ice packs, or dunk an old t-shirt in cold water (they’re less scratchy than a flannel).

The good news is, that it doesn’t matter how anxious we are or how ‘strong’ we’re feeling. By reducing our anxiety in a physical way, instead of trying to reason with it or think our way around it, these tools should always work to reduce our anxiety.


Culture and learning

Literacy and elementary learning became more widespread after 1000. Indeed, the growth in literacy was heralded by the heresy of Vilgard of Ravenna, who, according to Radulfus Glaber, was betrayed by demons in the guise of Virgil and other ancient writers in the late 10th century. By the later 11th and the 12th century, cathedral schools had emerged as centres of learning, and literacy had become an increasingly important tool of government. A form of Christian humanism took shape in the 12th century that was expressed in the letters of John of Salisbury and others. The courtly tastes of the 12th century, while not obliterated, were overtaken by a more flexible and ironic sensibility evident in vernacular ballads, fables, satires, and moralizing literature, most popular in the northern towns. The burgher or knight began to take a keen interest in the tangible world about him. The taste for clarity, proportion, and articulation reached mature expression in the great Gothic cathedrals of northern France, such as those in Amiens, Paris (Notre-Dame), and Reims. Architectural innovations—the pointed arch and the flying buttress—allowed the construction of soaring naves and walls pierced by large windows filled with the exquisite stained glass that was a great technological achievement of the period. And the taste for order is illustrated by the reorganization of masters, students, and studies as studia generalia (or universities). Montpellier became a leading centre of medical learning, and Toulouse (founded in 1229 to prepare clerics to combat heresy) and Orléans were noted for law. Paris remained preeminent among the early universities; its famous schools became associated as the faculties of arts, canon law, medicine, and theology, gaining jurisdictional independence under papal protection by 1231.

During the same years, philosophical doctrines in conflict with Christian orthodoxy began to trouble the theologians as translations of the metaphysical and scientific works of Aristotle and his commentators reached Paris. For a time the teaching of Aristotle was prohibited there, but by midcentury, when some of the “artists” who had been most attracted to the new philosophy were advancing to theological degrees, efforts were made to incorporate Aristotelian learning in enlarged summaries of Christian knowledge. The Summa theologiae (1266–72) by the Italian Thomas Aquinas was the greatest synthesis of this type. Its serene power breathes no hint of the controversies in which its author was involved. St. Thomas had taken his theological degree, together with St. Bonaventure, in 1257, when the secular masters were bitterly disputing the friars’ privileges within the university. In the end the Dominicans and Franciscans each retained a chair on condition of submitting to university regulations. Thomas’s work, however, came under suspicion. A reaction set in against the arts faculty’s increasing disposition to take a naturalistic view of all reality. When Étienne Tempier, the bishop of Paris, condemned some philosophical principles as “error” in 1270 and 1277, the repercussions were so sweeping as to render even Thomas suspect.

Thomas’s synthesis was to have no immediate imitators. Nevertheless, the social consequences of the emergence of academic learning in the 12th and 13th centuries were profound; it created new estates of professional men—lawyers, notaries, trained clerks, and physicians, many of them laymen—whose rational and legalist outlook became firmly rooted in French culture.

The dogmatic condemnations of the 1270s were symptomatic. Prosperity and confidence were shaken in many ways in the late 13th century. The papacy, hitherto a support for progressive causes, found itself discredited after its fiasco in a Crusade against Aragon. While the removal of the papal court to Avignon in the time of Clement V created a new centre of patronage for arts and letters, it did little to arrest the waning prestige of the church. The burdens of renewed warfare increased social tensions in the towns and depressed civic enterprise; the Jews had their assets confiscated before being expelled in 1306, and the Lombard bankers suffered like treatment in 1311. Economic indicators—while few and difficult to interpret—are generally held to suggest growing difficulties in many parts of France. The business of the fairs of Champagne was falling off by 1300, if not before, while records of Normandy reveal declining agrarian revenues in the half-century after 1260. Some regions were “saturated” with people: their existent economic technology could no longer sustain growth. Probably the population was already leveling off, if not yet decreasing, when, from 1315 to 1317, crop failures and famine caused serious disruption.

Jeremy David Popkin


Planetary Science - Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences - Purdue University Skip to main content

Planetary Science

The rotations of Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

Planetary Systems

We use observations of populations of solar system objects and their orbits to study the formation and evolution of planetary and satellite systems to understand how our Solar System and others developed through time.

Rock formations

Planetary Surfaces

We study the mineralogic, climatic, and tectonic evolution of planetary surfaces to understand how these environments have developed over time, and the potential for past and future habitability on and beneath planetary surfaces.

Asteroid impact in color

Asteroid Impacts

We study the complete evolution of impact craters, from excavation to transient crater collapse, through cooling and viscoelastic relaxation. We also study the hazards produced by impacts and how we might prevent them.

Spacecraft mission

Spacecraft Missions

Our group has been and continues to be involved with a number of spacecraft missions, including GRAIL, MESSENGER, Deep Impact, NExT, EPOCH, EPOXI, Mars Odyssey, Mars Science Laboratory, and the Mars2020 rover.

Planetary Science News

Moons of Mars: New theory for their past and future
As soon as the moons of Mars were discovered by the American astronomer Asaph Hall in 1877, scientific curiosity went into overdrive to answer the age-old question that drives children and scientists alike: Why? Researchers have long asked: Why are they there, and how did they form? We’re exploring those angles plus another aspect: Where are they heading? Dr. David Minton, Purdue EAPS professor, reports about Mars moons on Medium.

Purdue University research highlights from 2021
Purdue’s faculty helped to advance key research that improves our work, health and world. Enjoy a roundup of Purdue research news from 2021 including Purdue planetary scientist Dr. Briony Horgan has several key leadership roles for the Mars rover mission.

Perseverance rover makes 'completely unexpected' volcanic discovery on Mars
Lava once flowed at the site of an ancient lake on Mars. The Perseverance rover landed on the planet just 10 months ago, but it has already made that surprising discovery. The rover's latest finding suggests that the bedrock it has been driving over since landing was once formed by volcanic lava flows -- something that was "completely unexpected," according to mission scientists. Previously, they thought the layered rocks Perseverance took photos of were sedimentary. Dr. Briony Horgan of Purdue EAPS is cited in this article by CNN.

USRA Announces 2021 Distinguished Undergraduate Award Recipients
Universities Space Research Association proudly announced today the winners of the prestigious 2021 USRA Distinguished Undergraduate Awards. In keeping with its goal to recognize and develop promising future scientists in space-related disciplines, USRA bestows these awards to honor outstanding undergraduate students in a variety of majors through a competitive process. These awards are granted to students who tackle challenging problems in aerospace engineering, space science research and exploration, demonstrate leadership, promote diversity in science and engineering, and are poised to make significant contributions to their fields. An Honorable Mention went to Purdue EAPS student Emma Rogers.

If all goes to plan, next month SpaceX will launch the largest rocket in human history. Towering nearly 400 feet tall, the rocket – Starship – is designed to take NASA astronauts to the moon. And SpaceX’s CEO, Elon Musk, has bigger ambitions: he wants to use it to settle humans on Mars. Much has already been made of Starship’s human spaceflight capabilities. But the rocket could also revolutionize what we know about our neighboring planets and moons. “Starship would totally change the way that we can do solar system exploration,” says Ali Bramson, a planetary scientist from Purdue University. “Planetary science will just explode.”

Asteroid material deposited during large impacts record the moon’s ancient magnetic field

Space dust analysis could solve mystery of the origins of Earth’s water
An international team of scientists may have solved a key mystery about the origins of the Earth’s water, after uncovering persuasive new evidence pointing to an unlikely culprit - the Sun. Professor Michelle Thompson is a co-author of this international research.

More News


previously anticipate in a sentence

1) If generation costs more than previously anticipated , tariffs are raised.

anticipate collocations
2) In Mississippi, damage was not as severe as previously anticipated .

3) It should nonetheless be not as marked as we previously anticipated .

previously anticipate example sentences

4) Actually, the damage wouldn't be as bad as previously anticipated .

5) We are seeing greater change, happening faster, and the effects are more imminent than previously anticipated .

6) The cotton crop is expected to be smaller than previously anticipated , causing cotton prices to improve slightly.

7) The tunnel should be pierced in three years and completed in four - much earlier than previously anticipated .

8) In China potash demand has been more robust than previously anticipated with higher seaborne imports needed through the second half.

9) It will pay for construction work DIA previously anticipated but did not have final price quotes for when construction began .

10) However, as health teams work progressed, it became clear that these diseases were far more widespread than previously anticipated .

13) The parking garage spanning the O-Train tracks will cost $9 million more than previously anticipated , according to Carleton's vice-president (finance) Duncan Watt.

14) The rise of 9-88 centimetres that is projected to take place in sea level between 1990 and 2100 is somewhat less than previously anticipated .

example sentences with previously anticipate

18) Many cloud computing providers offer a 'burst' system that allows customers to use more resources than a needs assessment previously anticipated .

19) Additionality will drop from 50 per cent under the Highlands' previously anticipated Objective 5b status to 25 or even 15 per cent in certain cases.

You can easily memorize the word and the meaning of previously anticipate
and This is a fast way of learning the meaning of previously anticipate with example sentences.
Always focus on the learning on sentences with previously anticipate
We believe you will easily learn to write and use the word previously anticipate in a sentence.
You can practice spelling and usage of the word by getting 10 examples of sentences with previously anticipate.
20 examples of simple sentences of previously anticipate. We tried to find and publish the the words with Simple Sentences of previously anticipate
Compound Sentences with previously anticipate
Complex Sentences with previously anticipate
Compound-Complex Sentences with previously anticipate
in a sentence


Swan Class weekly update

This week, we have began writing for our new English unit: The Jungle Book. This unit, we are focussing on including dialogue, adjectives and more precise verbs. We have written some great sentences such as: ‘Hurtling from one vine to another, Mowgli was ejected into the air. As he was floating in the sky, his legs jiggled mid-air.’

In maths, we have finished our unit on perimeter and have been finding the perimeter of rectilinear shapes! I wonder if you can remember what a rectilinear shape is? We will be moving onto multiplication next week.

In our topic, we have been understanding time zones and why we have them. We have spoken about Greenwich Meantime and also how when we’re awake, people who live in New Zealand are probably asleep. We did an experiment where a torch acted as the sun and a ball acted as Earth. This allowed us to understand why we can’t have the same time in every country. We have also moved onto understanding human and physical features of Mundesley compared to a country in South America: Rio de Janeiro. We are all looking forward to next week!


• A+
  • A
  • A-

"Buy prednisolone canada, allergy treatment while nursing".

By: A. Irhabar, M.A., M.D., M.P.H.

Program Director, University of South Florida College of Medicine

Cerebral hemorrhages that occur without trauma are referred to as "spontaneous allergy treatment 5mm cheapest generic prednisolone uk," although most are related to preexisting vascular lesions (Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms) or are the consequence of long-standing hypertension allergy symptoms guinea pig buy generic prednisolone from india. Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage occurs at preferential sites allergy levels buy genuine prednisolone on line, which in order of frequency are the basal ganglia-thalamus (65%) which allergy medicine works quickest order generic prednisolone online, pons (15%), and cerebellum (8%). Diagnosis: Cerebral hemorrhage 44 323 the answer is E: Release of neurotoxic cytokines from macrophages. Although neurons and astrocytes may interact with the virus, they do not seem to be infected but are injured indirectly by cytokines or other neurotoxic factors released by macrophages. Typical lesions appear as widely disseminated discrete foci of demyelination near the gray-white junction in the cerebral hemispheres and the brainstem. Adrenoleukodystrophy (choice A), Gaucher disease (choice B), and metachromatic leukodystrophy (choice C) are caused by inborn errors of metabolism. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (choice E) is a chronic, lethal, viral infection of the brain caused by measles virus. Diagnosis: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy the answer is A: Base of the brain. Tuberculous meningitis has a predilection for the base of the brain, and infarcts are often found in the distribution of the striate arteries. Inadequately treated tuberculous meningitis results in meningeal fibrosis, communicating hydrocephalus, and arteritis, with the last leading to infarcts. Central pontine myelinolysis is a rare demyelinating disorder that features selective demyelination in the pons. The lesions are often too small to have clinical manifestations and are discovered only at autopsy. However, some patients develop quadriparesis, pseudobulbar palsy, or severe depression of consciousness (pseudocoma). Central pontine myelinolysis is thought to arise from overly rapid correction of hyponatremia in alcoholics or malnourished persons. Demyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis (choice D) is preferentially located in other parts of the brain. Metastatic tumors reach the intracranial compartment through the bloodstream, generally in patients with advanced cancer. Most metastatic lesions seed to the gray-white junction, reflecting the rich capillary bed in this area. A metastasis contrasts with a primary glioma 45 41 46 42 47 43 48 324 Chapter 28 (choice B) or medulloblastoma (choice C) in its discrete appearance, globoid shape, and prominent halo of edema. Aneurysms caused by atherosclerosis are localized mainly in major cerebral arteries (vertebral, basilar, and internal carotid), which are favored sites of atherosclerosis. Fibrous replacement of the media and destruction of the internal elastic membrane weakens the arterial wall and causes aneurysmal dilation. Although hemorrhage (choice B) and dissection (choice A) may occur, the major complication of an atherosclerotic aneurysm is thrombosis. The anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries perfuse partially overlapping territories, but there are no anastomoses between their terminal branches. Because this overlap zone is not as richly perfused as the primary territories of the anterior and the middle cerebral arteries, reduced blood flow in these arteries will diminish perfusion more severely in the partial overlap zone (watershed area), thereby causing a parasagittal watershed infarct. The parasagittal cortex is anchored to arachnoid villi, whereas the lateral aspects of the cerebrum move more freely. This anatomical feature, together with the differential density of gray and white matter, permits generation of shearing forces between different brain regions, leading to diffuse axonal shearing injuries, particularly in vehicular accidents. Shearing injuries can distort or disrupt axons, causing them to retract into "spheroids," as well as lose myelin. This type of injury typically occurs in parasagittal white matter and may be accompanied by multiple small hemorrhages. The disease affects motor neurons in three locations: (1) the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord; (2) the motor nuclei of the brainstem, particularly the hypoglossal nuclei; and (3) the upper motor neurons of the cerebral cortex.

However allergy definition order 20mg prednisolone otc, these few trials demonstrate a beneficial effect of lowering blood pressure allergy forecast fairfax va proven prednisolone 10 mg. According to the American guidelines allergy forecast in nj purchase 10 mg prednisolone amex, indication to treat blood pressure starts with a systolic blood pressure of 220 mmHg allergy medicine past expiration date purchase prednisolone 5mg with amex, and lowering of blood pressure should not exceed 15% during the first 24 hours after the onset of stroke (Table 17. Increased mortality was found in both diabetic and stress-induced hyperglycemia groups, independent of age, stroke type and stroke size. According to the American guidelines even lower serum glucose levels, possibly between 140 and 185 mg/dl, should trigger administration of insulin. Hyperthermia within the first 24 hours from stroke onset was associated with larger infarct volume and worse outcome. Mild induced hypothermia was found to improve neurological outcome and reduce mortality following cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation, but the current data (few very small studies) do not support the use of induced hypothermia for treatment of patients with acute In summary, hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperthermia are common conditions following acute stroke. Occasionally, the benefit of this impact is no less than that of more "heroic" strategies such as intravenous and intraarterial thrombolysis. Despite the lack of consensus on the data and optimal management, one should carefully monitor these three "hyper links" and treat them appropriately. General stroke treatment recommendations according to current European Guidelines of the European Stroke Organisation [20]. Because of side-effects such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia and pneumonia, therapeutic hypothermia aiming at a body temperature of 33 C is feasible in acute stroke, but is still thought of as experimental. Management of post-stroke complications Stroke is a major cause of long-term physical, cognitive, emotional and social disability. In addition to the neurological impairment appearing in the acute phase, there are infrequently late complications which are often neglected. These complications have a great impact on the quality of life, outcome and chances of rehabilitation and may include post-stroke epilepsy, dementia, depression and fatigue. Other complications, such as infections, are dealt with in the 248 Chapter 17: Management of acute ischemic stroke and its complications following chapter. Prevention and management of complications according to current European Guidelines of the European Stroke Organisation [20]. Recommendations Post-stroke seizures Epilepsy is one of the most common serious neurological disorders and is associated with numerous social and psychological consequences. Stroke is the most commonly identified etiology of secondary epilepsy and accounts for 30% of newly diagnosed seizures in patients older than 60 years [48]. Although recognized as a major cause of epilepsy in the elderly, many questions still arise regarding the epidemiology, treatment and outcome of post-stroke seizures. The common definition of epilepsy includes at least two seizures with a time interval of at least 24 hours between the episodes. The current clinical classification of post-stroke seizures is made according to the period between the stroke and the first epileptic episode. A post-stroke seizure is defined as early if it occurs in the first 2 weeks after the stroke. The estimated rate of early post-ischemic stroke seizures ranges from 2 to 33% and that of late seizures varies from 3 to 67% [508]. The wide range is due to the different methodologies, terminologies and sizes of the populations in the different studies. The overall rate of post-stroke epilepsy, as previously defined as at least two episodes, is 3% and is higher in patients who have had a late seizure [58]. In that study 14% of the patients with ischemic stroke and 20% of patients with hemorrhagic stroke had seizures during the first year; a second episode, required to establish epilepsy, was found in 2. Most of the patients with post-stroke epilepsy have simple partial seizures, while complex partial seizures are relatively rare. In a prospective study comparing lamotrigine versus carbamazepine in 64 patients with post-stroke epilepsy, lamotrigine was found to be significantly tolerated and with a trend to be also more efficacious (p 0. There is no evidence to prefer one antiepileptic drug over the others, but it is advised to avoid phenytoin because of interactions with anticoagulants and salicylates. Patients in this population should be advised to avoid factors increasing the risk of seizures, such as certain drugs [60]. The pathophysiology of early seizures is thought to be due to the increased excitatory activity mediated by the release of glutamate from the hypoxic tissue [62].

Purchase generic prednisolone canada. DRUNK LIVE BABY! Live Reactions! T-Shirt LOGOS BEING SHOWN! #Notificationgang.

purchase generic prednisolone canada

Given that adherence is better with once daily administration as compared to three times daily allergy shots rapid desensitization purchase 40 mg prednisolone, K allergy forecast orange county ca prednisolone 20mg with amex. Although adverse effects of glucosamine have not been systematically studied allergy quinine symptoms buy prednisolone 10 mg visa, information can be gleaned from patient reports in four clinical trials207 allergy medicine not strong enough purchase line prednisolone,208,217,218 and one uncontrolled study. Animal studies suggest glucosamine increases blood glucose and insulin resistance. Oral glucosamine administration is unlikely to affect blood sugar, particularly in patients who do not have diabetes. In those patients with undiagnosed disease or impaired glucose tolerance, it is possible that glucosamine may contribute to abnormal blood glucose values. Although drugrug interactions have not been formally evaluated, no significant drug interactions have been reported to date. One case report exists that suggests an interaction between warfarin and glucosamine/chondroitin. Because glucosamine is a component of heparin and chondroitin is a small component of danaparoid (a low-molecular-weight heparinoid), it is possible that there may be an additive pharmacodynamic effect. More research is needed to assess the effect of this high dose on warfarin pharmacology. Various angiogenesis inhibitors have been identified and extracted from native shark cartilage. It is unknown if these are present or active in commercially available shark cartilage supplements. Two popular brands of shark cartilage advocated for their antineoplastic effects include BeneFin and Neovastat, the latter being the most studied. The proposed antineoplastic activity of shark cartilage or its glycoprotein extracts is based on its ability to block two main pathways that contribute to angiogenesis: matrix metalloproteases and the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. Unfortunately, whether commercially available dietary supplements actually contain active angiogenesis inhibitors is not known. Shark cartilage, however, is available today and is marketed for its proteoglycan (glucosamine and chondroitin) and calcium content. She has had two previous adenomatous polyps removed, and her recent colonoscopy revealed adenocarcinoma of the colon. She is currently awaiting surgery and will be receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, fluorouracil (Adrucil), and levamisole (Ergamisol). It has also been said to have antimicrobial properties224 and antioxidant effects,225 neither of which is well studied. Shark cartilage is derived from the elastic cartilage found in the endoskeleton of sharks. The spiny dogfish shark (Aqualus acanthias) is the primary source of commercial shark cartilage products in the United States. Native shark cartilage contains three components: chondrocytes (cartilage cells), water, and an extracellular matrix. Shark cartilage is available in liquid, powder, tablets, and a variety of unique capsule formulations. Two common methods of processing shark cartilage involve creating an aqueous extract or a dry powder formulation. Among the commercially available shark cartilage dietary supplements, little information is provided to consumers about the type of extract or the extent of the processing. This is important because dosing recommendations vary among the various formulations, and limited data exist regarding an effective dose. The study began using 60 mL/day; subsequently, some patients received a higher dose, 240 mL/day, based on tolerability. The only responders included two patients receiving 240 mL/day who survived 14 months compared with 7 months for those taking 60 mL/day. In one preliminary 16-week study in Cuba, only 3 of 29 patients with cancer responded to an unknown formulation of shark cartilage.

discount 20 mg prednisolone amex

Some patients hold their eyes tightly closed and will not permit passive eye opening allergy symptoms with cough order prednisolone now. At times there is increased salivation allergy network purchase prednisolone 20 mg, the patient allowing the saliva either to drool from the mouth or to accumulate in the back of the pharynx without being swallowed allergy zucchini plant order prednisolone 10 mg free shipping. Such subjects may be incontinent of urine or feces or allergy symptoms lethargy buy discount prednisolone 5 mg on line, on the contrary, may retain urine requiring catheterization. Their extremities may be relaxed, but more commonly are held in rigid positions and are resistant to passive motion. The deep tendon reflexes are usually present and there are no pathologic reflexes. This normal level of consciousness is attested to both by a normal neurologic examination at the time the patient appears stuporous and by the fact that when he or she recovers, the patient is often (but not always) able to recall all the events that took place during the ``stuporous' state (Patient 6). Patient 6 A 74-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and hypothyroidism, but otherwise in good health, was admitted to the hospital for replacement of her left hip. She was unresponsive to voice, her eyes were open, and she would direct her eyes to sound and would blink to threat, but would not follow commands and did not respond to noxious stimuli. Physicians whom she recognized entered the room, but she was unable to respond to them. She reported that the noxious stimuli were very painful, but she could not move, nor could she respond to questions. She continued to think that she was dead until somewhat later in the morning, when a nurse whom she knew well sat by the bedside and talked to her gently. Because the nurse was being so nice she thought she had to respond and she began to talk. There had been no history of previous psychologic disorder nor was there any hint during the rest of her hospitalization of a psychologic abnormality. That this disorder can be tran- While the patient with the retarded form of catatonia may be difficult to distinguish from a patient with stupor caused by structural disease, the patient with the excited type of catatonia may be difficult to distinguish from a patient with an acute delirium. Both may be wildly agitated and combative, and such behavior may make it impossible to test for orientation and alertness. Hallucinatory activity can be caused by either organic or psychologic disease, although pure visual hallucinations are usually due to structural or metabolic disease, and pure auditory hallucinations to psychologic disease. The segmental neurologic examination, insofar as it can be tested in a delirious or excited patient, may be normal with either structural or organic disease. Grimacing, stereotypic motor behavior, and posturing suggest catatonia rather than metabolic delirium. Because 50% of such patients also have epilepsy, differentiating a psychogenic from an epileptic seizure in a particular episode may be very difficult. An elevated prolactin level strongly suggests that a generalized tonic-clonic or complex partial seizure is epileptic. Because the diagnosis is often uncertain and because, as indicated below, intravenous benzodiazepines treat psychogenic alterations of consciousness as well as epilepsy, Table 6 Findings That Can Help Distinguish Psychogenic From Epileptic Seizures Psychogenic Seizures History Started <10 years of life Seizures in presence of doctors Recurrent ``status' Multiple unexplained physical symptoms Multiple operations/invasive tests Psychiatric treatment Sexual and physical abuse Observation Situational onset Gradual onset Precipitated by stimuli (noise, light) Purposeful movements Opisthotonus, ``arc de cercle' Tongue biting (tip) Tongue biting (side) Prolonged ictal atonia Vocalization during ``tonic-clonic' phase Reactivity during ``unconsciousness' Rapid postictal reorientation Undulating motor activity Asynchronous limb movements Rhythmic pelvic movements Side-to-side head shaking Ictal crying Closed mouth in ``tonic phase' Closed eyelids Convulsion >2 minutes Resisted lid opening Pupillary light reflex Lack of cyanosis Modified from Reuber and Elger. He moved spontaneously and sometimes appeared to withdraw from noxious stimuli but never would look at the examiner or regard the examiner in any way. Gradually over the next 24 to 36 hours, the patient began to respond by closing his eyes to command, but rarely looking at the examiner. However, he had difficulty with commands involving the lips or tongue (oral buccal apraxia). However, even at discharge his affect seemed flat and he himself reported that he was not the same as prior to surgery, one can often stop the episode with intravenous benzodiazepines. However, if there is a strong suspicion that the seizures are psychogenic, anticonvulsants should not be given. Because the children were awake but mute, the disorder was called the cerebellar mutism syndrome. Whatever their level of alertness, they do not speak and often behave abnormally, either by not responding to the examiner or by behaving inappropriately.

Recognize the frequent association of coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease allergy medicine that makes you sleepy discount prednisolone express. Understand the risk factors predictiveof perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac death allergy shots weekly generic prednisolone 20 mg line. Be familiar with the early and late cardiac mortality figures following major vascular surgery allergy and immunology fellowship discount prednisolone 10 mg without a prescription. Understand the clinical significance of chronic stable angina allergy testing atlanta best prednisolone 10mg, unstable angina, recent and remote myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure 3. Understand how an imbalance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand may lead to myocardial ischemia 4. Describe those factors that may lead to an increased demand for myocardial oxygen, and/or a decreased supply that will contribute to myocardial ischemia. Understand the clinical and histological difference between a subendocardial and transmural infarction. Understand the effects of general and regional anesthesia on myocardial oxygen demand and myocardial ischemia. Understand the most important factors present intraoperatively and in the post-operative period that contribute to myocardial ischemia. Understand the signs and symptoms of chronic stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Know the risks of operation in a patient with a recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or poorly compensated congestive heart failure. Be familiar with the currently used methods for screening for coronary artery disease, and their limitations. Dipyridamole thallium scanning, Exercise testing, Dobutamine stress echo, ambulatory Holter monitoring) 4. Know which patients should undergo a preoperative test for coronary artery disease 5. Understand that the magnitude of the operation should be tailored to the severity of the patients cardiac risk. Know when to employ an extra anatomic, or limited procedure instead of an intra-abdominal operation. Understand the reasons for controlling myocardial ischemia intraoperatively, and during recovery from a major vascular operation 62 5. Know the risk factors for pulmonary disease, including: history of tobacco use, chest wall deformities, industrial dust exposure, previous pulmonary resection, dyspnea on mild exertion, pulmonary hypertension, recurrent respiratory tract infections, bronchospasm, obesity, advanced age and hypercapnia or hypoxia at rest. Know what to look for in the physical examination of a patient with suspected pulmonary insufficiency 4. Understand that clinical assessment is at least as accurate as routine preoperative pulmonary function tests in predicting which patients will have a postoperative pulmonary complication. Understand that the primary benefit of preoperative pulmonary function studies is to make the diagnosis of pulmonary disease and as an aid in choosing between treatment alternatives. Understand that there is no pulmonary function test, or index that can accurately predict that a patient will need prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation. Understand that general anesthesia interferes with pulmonary gas exchange and pulmonary defense mechanisms, particularly the mucociliary transport mechanism. Know how to interpret the results of pulmonary function tests, and know which patients might benefit from the perioperative use of bronchodilators, antibiotics, inhalers etc. Understand how to reduce the pulmonary risk of a vascular operation by the choice of operation and anesthesia. Understand which pulmonary conditions may benefit from the perioperative use of steroids, bronchodilators, antibiotics and inhalers 3. Cardiac risk in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: Impact on perioperative and long-term mortality, J Vasc Surg 11:226-34; 1990. Coronary artery disease in peripheral vascular patients: A 63 classification of 1000 coronary angiograms and results of surgical management. Determination of Cardiac risk by dipyridamole thallium imaging before peripheral vascular surgery.

Additional information:


The Fiji Museum - Virtual Museum

The Bounty

One of the earliest sources of contact between Fiji and the Western world came about in 1789 because of a mutiny aboard the British transport ship, the HMS Bounty. Cast adrift in a small boat, the ship’s captain, along with 18 other men, sailed through the heart of the Fiji archipelago and brought the extent and complexity of the island group to European awareness.


Mercy is Natalie Bergman's debut, a self-produced solo album recorded in the strangest of times, during a personal period of profound sadness and reinvention. It's startling, and often beautiful — a rush to the edge of the cliff, with an unflinching look below "This is the best writing I have done in my life," Bergman says. "I started writing music when I was very young; I’ve always had a child-like, nursery rhyme approach to my music," she says. Recorded at her brother's home studio in Los Angeles, CA, she emphatically states that "the album is my testament." Bergman has already had a lengthy, successful career as one half of the brother-sister duo Wild Belle, but this is the first time she wrote and played all the material. This record absolutely pulses with redemptive power; it is replenishing and original, and deeply cathartic. Natalie made this record because she absolutely had to. The music of Mercy began to germinate a few months after she lost her father in a wrong-way, head-on collision. He and her step-mother were killed by a drunk driver. Shortly after, Natalie visited a monastery in the southwestern desert, and there she began to embark on this album. "When you’re in the wilderness you pay attention to how you hear," she says. “I was granted some clarity and given some relief." Mike McGonigal, January 15, 2021, Detroit MI "Find sanctuary in the soft and swaying rhythms of Natalie Bergman's lightly psychedelic hymns."

Natalie Bergman

25 Apr 2023

+ special Guests

6 O'Meara St, London

Upcoming Events


Buy 20 mg isoprotil with visa

She was tapered off the duloxetine and started on bupropion (for fatigue and depression) with improvement in mood symptoms but continued significant rectal pain. There occurs diffuse involvement with the presence of hallmark cells (typically large cells with horseshoe/reniform nucleus). The membrane adjacent to the dura has a thickened fibroblastic layer, and vascular sinusoids extend from this region into the blood clot. In utero exposure to the Hiroshima atomic bomb: an evaluation of head size and mental retardation twenty years later. Fetal hemoglobin may interfere with spectrophotometric measurement of carboxyhemoglobin, thus falsely indicating carbon monoxide poisoning in an infant [4]. Astrocyte glutamate transport: review of properties, regulation, and physiological functions. Rectum the rectum is a specialized segment of the large intestine whose functions are (1) to store stool prior to defecation and (2) to signal the brain through afferent pathways that stool has entered the rectum. The cerebral cortex malformation in thanatophoric dysplasia: neuropathology and pathogenesis. Selective loss and selective sparing of neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus following human cardiac arrest. Neurons possess a nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm and many of the same cytoplasmic organelles found in other cells in the body. Features of reactive neutrophils: Prominent granules, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and Dohle bodies (blue cytoplasmic bodies). Although the infarcted core is necrotic, within the penumbra caspase-mediated apoptosis is activated, although secondary necrosis may result from failure to implement the apoptotic signalling pathways fully, as they require energy. Molecular genetic basis of maple syrup urine disease in a family with two defective alleles for branched chain acyltransferase and localization of the gene to human chromosome 1. Neurons of varying size are grouped around a radial bundle of myelinated fibres, sometimes with a central blood vessel. Seizures in an atelencephalic infant: is the cortex essential for neonatal seizures Pori are commonly bilateral, roughly symmetrical and centred around the sylvian fissures or central sulci. Delayed neuronal death in the rat hippocampus following transient forebrain ischaemia. Therefore, damage to the thalamic nuclei and/or the afferent and efferent white matter pathways of the thalamus appear to play a major role in the genesis of the vegetative state after head injury. Furthermore, studies using conditional gene targeting in mice have revealed a critical role for Wnt signalling, via -catenin, in regulating the balance between cell cycle re-entry (to produce additional neuronal precursors) and exit of the cell cycle (to produce differentiated neurons and glia). Angiogenesis may be re-upregulated, for example in ischaemia (the most important cause of the reactivation), upon metabolic demand and in neoplasia. This usually afflicts children and young adults and may be more common than once thought. Not only does each region of the gut have the potential for dysfunction in diabetes, with consequent symptoms and impaired quality of life, but it is now appreciated that the motility of the upper gut is central to blood glucose homeostasis, particularly in the postprandial phase. Review of 54 cases with intracranial hemorrhage confirmed by computerized tomography. Lack of evidence for a causal relationship between hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and subdural hemorrhage in fetal life, infancy, and early childhood. The majority of the nephropathic form occurs in infancy, although some lateonset cases are known. Thalamic damage in periventricular leukomalacia: novel pathologic observations relevant to cognitive deficits in survivors of prematurity. Electron-lucent vacuoles containing reticular materials and electron-dense inclusions, displaying either an irregular reticulum or lamellar inclusions, are found in astrocytes. Rarely, a giant aneurysm may expand to such an extent that the patient dies from complications of raised intracranial pressure.

Order 10mg isoprotil overnight delivery

In young children, objects may enter the cranial cavity through the orbital roof or nasopharynx, most often in association with a fall. Migration and differentiation of neural precursor cells can be directed by microglia. In addition, accidental vagotomy, which may occur during the procedure, attributed to retraction, cautery, or entrapment in the wrap, can contribute to rapid gastric transit as previously described. Secondary lactase deficiency may result from damage to villi caused by drugs, prolonged diarrhea and malnutrition. These sequelae can be separated into early symptoms (30 minutes after ingestion) and late symptoms (1 to 3 hours after ingestion). Homocysteine can then be recycled to methionine in a vitamin B12-dependent reaction (catalyzed by methionine synthase) or converted to cysteine through a pathway that includes the enzyme cystathionine -synthase. Stroke-related dementia: rates, risk factors and implications for future research. Contributions of studies on alcohol use disorders to understanding cerebellar function. The predilection of aneurysms for this location may be due the fact that arterial wall is often limited here to the intima, the internal elastic lamina, which may be fenestrated, and some adventitial connective tissue. In the heart, lipids are deposited within the myocardial cells and many lipidladen storage cells are found in the mitral and tricuspid valves. Limitations of invasive modalities in the diagnosis of primary angiitis of the central nervous system. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction syndrome: clinical analysis, outcome, and prognosis in 105 children. Morphological and immunophenotypic variants on nodal T-cell lymphomas and T-cell lymphoma mimics. Isolated defects involving one complex may be due to mutations of specific subunits. Conversely, the oligodendrocyte is also important for axonal support and maintenance. Cytogenetic variants in holoprosencephaly: report of a case and review of the literature. Echinocytes, also known as burr cells, have multiple small projections that are distributed uniformly on the red cell surface. Distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein in central nervous system lesions of tuberous sclerosis. It should also be noted that dead neurons are more likely to be replaced by fossilized remains of calcium (and other substances) in the immature brain than in the mature brain. There may be patchy U-fibre sparing and sometimes white streaks in the centrum semi-ovale. Whether necrosis is due to direct histotoxicity, cardiac hypotension or standstill is not clear in these physiologically uncontrolled human observations. They have a periventricular cell body and a long radial process that extends to the pial surface. Physiological Protecting Mechanisms and Predisposing Factors Several physiological mechanisms help prevent overgrowth of bacteria in the small bowel. Dysfibrinogenemia (which means fibrogen is dysfunctional) is transmitted as autosomal dominant. The cortex and basal ganglia are unaffected, but the cerebral white matter is mostly cavitated and gelatinous or has the appearance of a greyish, lacy cobweb punctuated by yellow-white spots. Oral hypoglycaemic agents such as sulphonylureas release endogenous insulin and produce hypoglycaemia, which has identical pathogenetic effects on the brain to those of hypoglycaemia due to exogenous insulin administration. For example, L-asparaginase, which is used to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, is known to cause protein C deficiency. A lethal syndrome of microcephaly with multiple congenital anomalies in three siblings. When bearing down, it can be seen that there is excessive descent (> 3 cm) of the perineum and anorectal junction. Neural activity triggers neuronal oxidative metabolism followed by astrocytic glycolysis.

buy 20 mg isoprotil with visa

Cheap isoprotil 40 mg with amex

In some cases, mentation may be well preserved, but psychosis and depression have been reported. Affected cases show cerebral atrophy with abnormal cortical layering as a consequence of disordered neuronal migration,99 particularly in the primary visual cortex, but also in the precentral, post-central and lateral temporal cortices, cerebellar atrophy with Purkinje cell and focal granule cell loss, degeneration of gracile tract fibres, and a sensory peripheral neuropathy. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence found values ranging from 1% to 45%,28 and varies depending on the symptom-based criteria that is used. It tends also to be maximal in the regions of white matter midway between the ventricular and pial surfaces, not in periventricular regions. This timing suggests that polymicrogyria may result from an interference with the later stages of 328 Chapter 4 Malformations 4. Inflammatory reactions in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy after highly active retroviral therapy. Blood transfusions leading to apparent hemoglobin C, S, and O-Arab hemoglobinopathies. Effect of hypoglycemia on changes of brain lactic acid and intracellular pH produced by ischaemia. A particularly important anaplerotic step in animal metabolism leads from pyruvate to oxaloacetic acid. In young infants, the external granular layer is severely deficient, whereas in older patients small foci of the external granular layer may persist. The study of cases of neonatal meningitis with variable lengths of survival has led to a basic understanding of its pathogenesis. The neurons of the cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei as well as the pontine and inferior olivary nuclei all derive from the alar plates, ventral migrations into the pontine grey and olivary ribbons, and lateral migration into the rhombic lips from where there are two divergent pathways. Individuals are often comatose or very drowsy following exposure, and breathing is shallow with tachycardia, and the individual may have seizures, ataxia, often with signs of cyanosis. In addition to direct medical expenses, indirect costs to society include those that are due to work absenteeism and impaired work productivity. A disorder of urea cycle metabolism should be considered in children who have recurrent symptoms, especially neurological abnormalities associated with periods of decompensation. The affected blood vessels are separated by brain parenchyma that often shows gliosis, haemosiderin pigmentation and foci of calcification. Remaining cases are secondary to other streptococcal and staphylococcal species, other Gram-negative enteric bacilli, Neisseria meningitidis and various unusual organisms. Around the permanent cavity, there is axonal fragmentation and haemorrhagic extravasation. Review article: linaclotide for the management of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Several other genes have been implicated in the aetiology of holoprosencephaly in humans Table 4. Effects of linaclotide in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation or chronic constipation: a meta-analysis. Patients have Alport-like syndrome with features of nephritis, sensorineural deafness, and cataract. There are two variants of Burkitt lymphoma: Burkitt lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation and atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-like, in which there is more pleomorphism in nuclear size and shape. Rarely, crystals, consistent with hydroxyapatite, are seen within myelinated axons and in the extracellular space. Four patterns of perinatal brain damage and their conditions of occurrence in primates. The hallmark of the diagnosis is the history of effortless regurgitation immediately after meals and where there is no other explanation for this specific timing. The targeted behavior can be eliminated by consistent use of the competing behavior because the targeted behavior and the competing behavior cannot occur at the same time.

order 10mg isoprotil overnight delivery

Order isoprotil canada

When oxygen is depleted, as for instance during prolonged vigorous exercise, the dominant glycolytic product in many tissues is lactate and the process is known as anaerobic glycolysis Tables 3. Insertional mutagenesis of the mouse acid ceramidase gene leads to early embryonic lethality in homozygotes and progressive lipid storage disease in heterozygotes. A paradoxical increase in O2-derived free-radical generation may play a role in both cerebral and pulmonary oedema at high-altitude. They are frequently due to disruption of the normal physiology of the colon and can be mitigated by treatments that affect colon function. Both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids almost equally occur in the natural lipids. The neuroinflammatory response may be beneficial initially, but damaging over time. Skeletal muscle, showing marked vacuolation within the myofibres due to loss of accumulated glycogen during processing. Neuropsychological dysfunction was not seen in a study of 289 amateur boxers,46 although a more recent study does report neurocognitive deficits. Cerebellar external granule cells are attached to the basal lamina from the onset of migration up to the end of their proliferative activity. The hippocampus also extends backwards and rotates with the growth of the hemispheres, then anteroventrally into the temporal lobe, but its rostral part regresses into a vestigial holoprosencephaly Anomalies of prosencephalic outgrowth form a wide spectrum, from cyclopia to unilateral olfactory agenesis. It is increased in hereditary spherocytosis and in patients with hemoglobin variants, such as sickle cell disease and hemoglobin C disease. The tiny cerebellar hemispheres have few, rudimentary folia, whereas the vermis and flocculi are much better preserved. These models, in spite of a milder disease course than seen in humans, have been invaluable in teasing apart features of pathogenesis. Magnetic resonance defecography is performed without radiation and with an open or closed system. Besides being the protective barrier, it also provides a connecting system between the cell and environment. Typically, in all cases of acute leukemia, flow cytometry and cytogenetic and molecular studies should be done. Reeler neuroblasts begin their centrifugal migration along the radial glial fibres, but they are unable to pass postmigratory neurons in the deeper cortical layers. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies: back to Mendelian genetics [editorial; comment]. Pure hypoxaemia of the brain can result in a prolonged coma of 2 weeks, from which a complete and remarkable recovery is possible,360,890 whereas prolonged coma after cardiac arrest or global ischaemia carries a very poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms that lead to neurological disease are poorly understood, but possible contributory mechanisms include accumulation of toxic intermediate metabolites. Genetic, epidemiology, hematological and clinical features of hemoglobinopathies in Iran. There is expansion of the cytoplasm of the astroglial processes in the neuropil and the astrocytic end feet surrounding blood vessels, with a reduced density of organelles. Transport function: Albumin is the carrier of various hydrophobic substances in the blood: a. The effect of formate on cytochrome aa3 and on electron transport in the intact respiratory chain. Hyperlipidemia and hypergammaglobulinemia can also falsely elevate hemoglobin levels. Anoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy may also help to exclude mucosal diseases such as anal fissure or inflammatory or neoplastic conditions that cause rectal pain. Granuloma formation is a chronic inflammatory reaction in which macrophages and other inflammatory cells are involved. Hydrolysis for a short time produces amylodextrin, which gives violet color with iodine and is non-reducing. Scleroproteins: They are insoluble in water, salt solutionsandorganicsolvents;solubleonlyinhot strongacids. A polymorphic gene is one in which the variant alleles are common in more than 1% of the total population. In the cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration and Gaucher cell infiltration are most conspicuous in the occipital cortex.

cheap isoprotil 40 mg with amex

  • Indomethacin antenatal infection
  • Uveal diseases
  • Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
  • Progeroid syndrome, Penttinen type
  • Acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency
  • Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, Bothnian type
  • Finnish type amyloidosis

order isoprotil canada

Purchase isoprotil on line amex

Diabetes mellitus: Due to increased cholesterol synthesis since, the availability of acetyl-CoA is increased. Prevalence of adults with brain arteriovenous malformations: a community-based study in Scotland using capture-recapture analysis. In summary, there is no evidence that increased fluid intake (unless dehydrated) or regular physical activity will alleviate chronic constipation. Prevention of the first occurrence of neural-tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation. In this case of cytomegalovirus infection, the cell cytoplasm is also enlarged (cytomegaly) and distended by viral particles. Severe headaches and seizures are frequent in lobar haemorrhages,179,519 whereas visual deficits are more often associated with deep bleeds. Some patients are also self-indulgent to the point that they may seek specialized consultation requesting some form of preventive therapy that would allow them to continue their unhealthy habits without suffering the uncomfortable consequences. Inhibition of 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase prevents the formation of porphobilinogen; as a result, accumulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid is observed, which is also seen in acute intermittent porphyria. Abnormal lobulation of the lymphocyte nuclei is another established phenomenon that occurs with prolonged storage of blood. Both types of injury typically involve the frontal poles, the inferior aspect of the frontal lobe including the gyrus rectus and the medial and lateral orbital gyri; the temporal poles and the lateral and inferior aspects of the temporal lobes; and the cortex above and below the Sylvian fissure. A six color flow cytometry assay for immunophenotyping classical Hodgkin lymphoma in lymph node. There may be one or two small central channels, but they are without ependymal lining. Female cells inactivate an X chromosome at random during development, and so females heterozygous for X-linked diseases are mosaic, with some cells expressing the normal allele and others expressing the mutant allele. Relationships between gastric emptying, postprandial glycemia, and incretin hormones. Currently, because human data and computational models are limited, researchers use alternative idealized experimental preparations, such as animals, tissues and isolated cells, to create controllable settings with similar predisposing conditions among subjects and reproducible mechanical loads. Upon immunohistochemical examination of the glandular remnants and taking into account the clinical history, it is often possible to determine the type of underlying adenoma. In the absence of Shh signalling, Emx1 expression is continuous across the dorsal midline; midline structures such as the hippocampus and choroid plexus fail to form, and the telencephalic vesicles do not separate, yielding holoprosencephaly. Cystic degeneration or areas of softening are characteristically visible as symmetrical lesions occurring in a distinct topographical distribution affecting particularly substantia nigra and periaqueductal grey matter in the midbrain, and the putamen in basal ganglia. The decarboxylation is accompanied by loss of free energy, which allows the reaction to proceed forwards. Changes in regional cerebral blood flow during brain maturation in children and adolescents. Because of the lack of perfusion, there is no tissue reaction except possibly at the border of perfused and non-perfused tissue, usually at the level of the high cervical spinal cord or medulla oblongata. Global transcriptional and translationalrepression in human embryonic stem cell-derived Rett syndrome neurons. The spinal cord may be closed, floating on the posterior surface of the arachnoid cyst. Resting anal sphincter tone is assessed as the next step, followed by an assessment of squeeze tone. Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: In this disease, tissue deposition of monoclonal Ig, Ig chain, or fragment takes place. Stagnant red blood corpuscles in the vasculature appear pale because of lysis of haemoglobin. Diffuse spread of the oedema fluid to the surrounding parenchyma has already occurred in the deep grey matter, hippocampus and hypothalamus (anti-albumin antibody and haematoxylin counterstain). Peripheral neuropathy with microtubule-targeting agents: occurrence and management approach. Whatever the mechanism, coupling normally occurs Protein synthesis Selective gene exp. Common chromosomal abnormalities are numerical abnormalities (aneuploidy; deviation of normal 46 chromosomes) and structural rearrangements of chromosome (terminal and interstitial deletion abbreviated as "del," inversion abbreviated as "inv," and translocation abbreviated as "t").

Order isoprotil 40mg line

Beyond tricyclics: new ideas for treating patients with painful and refractory functional gastrointestinal symptoms. Lack of either protein, or both proteins in double knockout mice, results in essentially identical disorders consistent with metabolic cooperativity of the two diverse proteins. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria: neuropathological correlations and first report of severe neurodegenerative disease and neonatal death. One carbon compound is an organic molecule that contains only a single carbon atom. Unfortunately, the term came to be applied indiscriminately, particularly in the clinical and radiological literature, along with its corruption, polyporencephaly. Preconditioning and tolerance against cerebral ischaemia: from experimental strategies to clinical use. Platelets are responsible for primary haemostasis after the rupture of an aneurysm. Heme-Heme Interaction and Cooperativity the oxygen dissociation curve for hemoglobin is sigmoidal in shape, it is due to the allosteric effect or cooperativity. These lymphomas represent a heterogeneous group of diseases differing in histology, tumor site, and cell origin. Impaired intestinal gas propulsion in manometrically proven dysmotility and in irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, clinically, these patients experience varying severity of chronic hemolytic anemia. Determination of the pathological type of stroke is best achieved by early brain imaging, or by autopsy in fatal cases. Secondary thrombocytosis can also be due to redistribution such as observed post splenectomy. The cysts are smooth (a, b), with no hint of yellow colour or ragged edge, as in necrosis. Unsaturated fatty acids undergo reduction and are converted to saturated fats such as hydrogenation of a vegetable oil results in the formation of ghee. Pathogenesis of brain lesions caused by experimental epilepsy: light and electron microscopic changes in the rat cerebral cortex following bicucullineinduced status epilepticus. Lipids are important as cellular metabolic regulators (steroid hormones and prostaglandins). Glomerular proteinuria can be subclassified as selective glomerular proteinuria (urine will have albumin and transferrin bands) or nonselective glomerular proteinuria (all different types of proteins will be present in urine). Globoid cell leukodystrophy: comparison of neuropathology with magnetic resonance imaging. Lecithins (phosphatidylcholine): these are the most abundant group of phospholipids in the cell membranes. Chronic antiemetics and prokinetics will be necessary, along with dietary changes, in the subset where underlying gastroparesis has been present prior to the new vomiting pattern. Other causes of pancytopenia include acute leukemia, myelophthisic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and hypersplenism. Therefore, anomalies of the sacral and coccygeal regions are often found to embrace several tissue types. The cerebral tissue is difficult to fix in formalin because of protein alterations, resulting in symmetrical patches of pink, unfixed white matter in the regions of the centrum semiovale furthest away from the ventricles. Animals that do show necrosis in studies of both cyanide and sulphide encephalopathy do so in a distribution resembling that after global ischaemia. Some patients become extremely concerned about the protrusion of their abdomens and focus obsessively on their appearance. A different antibiotic is used on the first day of next month for 2 weeks and again followed by an antibiotic-free interval. Together with folate and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), B12 is required for the methylation of homocysteine and a deficiency of either may result in elevated serum homocysteine levels that in turn have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, depression and possibly dementia.

Isoprotil 30 mg for sale

Differences in the gyral pattern distinguish chromosome 17-linked and X-linked lissencephaly. Extensive gliosis without any identifiable Purkinje or granular cells in the folium of the cerebellum. They were initially visualized by enhanced electron density after diaminobenzidine staining, as a result of peroxidatic activity of the matrix enzyme catalase. Mu-receptor antagonists might be helpful, but there is no evidence to support this approach. Type I occurs more frequently in the Ashkenazi Jewish population; the most common mutation in this type is N370S. A severe early infantile form (Cree encephalopathy) affects the Chippewayan and Cree indigenous populations in Canada. In Swedish infant patients, this mutation makes up 75 per cent of the mutant alleles. Similar appearances are seen in fibroblasts and histiocytes in other mucopolysaccharidoses. The endocannabinoid system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adults with cyclic vomiting syndrome. In part, these studies are driven by litigation by caretakers of neurologically impaired children against obstetrical providers and, thus, the need to demonstrate objective pathological evidence of an underlying gestational problem predisposing to brain injury. It also occurs at a higher level of immunocompetence than in adults and is not prevented by zidovudine treatment during gestation. Unlike anoxic injury to the cerebellum, the nearby Purkinje cells (which are considerably more vulnerable than the granule cells to hypoxia and ischaemia) are intact with normal basophilic cytoplasm. A recent study showed 60 per cent to be due to road traffic accidents and 40 per cent due to falls, and confirmed the poor outcome, with 35 per cent of patients dying. In late infancy, affected individuals may also present with vomiting and mental changes, and in many cases the precipitant is a protein load. In both experimental conditions and humans,438 delayed neuronal death refers to the slow neuronal degeneration occurring even remotely days after an episode of complete ischaemia of short duration rather than that following chronic, partial incomplete ischaemia. In view of the non-specific nature of many of these signs, the process of investigation should be, first, the exclusion of conditions such as meningitis, intracranial haemorrhage, hypoxic-ischaemic disorders and cerebral malformations. They were originally described in the spleen in patients with congestive splenomegaly but can be seen around cavernous angiomas, cholesterol granulomas of temporal bone, pituitary adenomas, and a variety of other highly vascular primary and metastatic neoplasms and cysts in the nervous system that are subject to recurrent bouts of haemorrhage. The blotted nucleic acids are then used as targets in the hybridization experiments for their specific detection. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with intractable partial epilepsy and cerebral hemiatrophy in children, do not have an obvious viral aetiology and may in fact be autoimmune disorders. Adrenoleukodystrophy: similar ultrastructural changes in adrenal cortical and Schwann cells. It was originally described in Italian red wine drinkers and attributed to an unidentified toxin in the wine, yet subsequent cases in (b) 9 9. It is reasonable to start at either dose and then titrate up or down as tolerated. Therefore, disorders due to -chain defects such as sickle cell disease tend to manifest clinically after 6 months of age, although diseases due to -chain defect are manifested in utero or following birth. In fMet, the amino group has been blocked by a formyl group to form an amide, so this amino group cannot form a peptide bond. Developmental expression of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase in human brain by chemiluminescence. Vascular malformations are usually congenital lesions that arise as a result of disordered mesodermal differentiation between the third and eighth weeks of gestation. Arrows indicate bilateral uncal grooving from transtentorial herniation, which is wider on the right (a). Several pathways can converge at this point with the result that carbon atoms from one source can be used for synthesis of another.

Order isoprotil uk

The suggestion has been made that in a child affected by diencephalic syndrome and hypothalamic juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, the patient should be reviewed carefully for evidence of tumour dissemination. The discovery of phenylketonuria: the story of a young couple, two retarded children, and a scientist. In vitro activity of rifaximin against isolates from patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Multifocal atrophy of cerebellar internal granular neurons in Lesch-Nyhan disease: case reports and review. Although most neuroblast proliferation 316 Chapter 4 Malformations is finished by 16 weeks, and migration is largely completed by 18 weeks (some cells continue to migrate until several months after birth. However, the mechanism is unknown, and when treatment outcomes were analyzed by intention-to-treat analysis, the median responder rate dropped to 59%. Variable levels of mutation (heteroplasmy) throughout the family may mean that the mother and siblings of an adult with m. Malformations resulting from primary disturbance of embryonic and fetal development need to be distinguished from disruptions and deformations, where there is secondary compromise of development owing to factors such as vascular interruption, necrosis caused by infectious agents and compression of the embryo or fetus by external mechanical influences. On the relationship between human and experimental granule cell type cerebellar degeneration. Procedure: As follows: Give about 500 mL of water to the patient, to promote good urine flow. For these tests, commercially available normal plasma is used as reference plasma; factor-deficient plasmas are also available that are completely deficient in the factor of interest. In translocation t(2;8), the gene on chromosome 2 is involved, whereas in t(8;22), the gene on chromosome 22 is involved. Non-neoplastic inflammatory cells (plasma cells, small lymphocytes, eosinophils, and histiocytes) may accompany the tumor cells. In a tumour model in which avian sarcoma 44 Chapter 1 General Pathology of the Central Nervous System virus was injected into neonatal dog brains, gliomas initially developed in the periventricular regions, but as the tumours increased in size, their relationship with the subventricular zone diminished until they were found at day 10 deep within the white matter, unconnected to the subventricular zone. In panel A, the examiner evaluates the external anal sphincter by putting a finger tip into the anus and instructing the patient to squeeze as if holding back stool. It is based on habit reversal by using several strategies such as biofeedback, relaxation, and diaphragmatic breathing. The terminology used to describe these aqueductal anomalies is inconsistent and often confusing. Effect of intracerebral injection of ouabain in adult and developing rats: an ultrastructural and autoradiographic study. The next steps should be adopted after careful assessment of severity, degree of concern and uncertainty. This material is Fontana-positive, bleaches with potassium permanganate and is thought to be composed of sulphur. A role for Gbx2 in repression of Otx2 and positioning the mid/hindbrain organizer. The subpial granular layer is a transient structure that appears in basal allocortex at around 12 weeks, migrates over the cortical surface and disappears by 24 weeks. Consequently, glycosphingolipids with terminal -galactosyl moieties such as globotriaosylceramide (ceramide trihexoside, gal-gal-glc-ceramide) and galabiosylceramide (gal-gal-ceramide) accumulate in the tissue. It is involved in the decomposition of harmful derivatives of oxygen, notably peroxide and superoxide. Homocysteinemia: In vitamin B12 deficiency, homocysteine is accumulated, leading to homocystinuria and myocardial infarction. In addition, the immunofixation technique can also determine the particular isotype of the monoclonal protein. Electrophysiological evidence of trigeminal root damage after trichloroethylene exposure. Lactate reverses insulin-induced hypoglycemic stupor in sucklingweanling mice: biochemical correlates in blood, liver, and brain. An infant with macrocephaly, abnormal neuronal migration and persistent olfactory ventricles. The slit receptor Rig-1/Robo3 controls midline crossing by hindbrain precerebellar neurons and axons. In addition to hematology, flow cytometry is applied for diagnosis in immunology (histocompatibility cross-matching), oncology, blood banking, and diagnosis of certain genetic disorders.


Political News(2021/01/17)

Kyoto 　 Hakone

Corona Countermeasures “Thoroughness as it was when the state of emergency was declared last spring” Minister Nishimura

2021-01-17 11:59:00
In the NHK "Sunday Debate," Nishimura, the minister in charge of economic revitalization over the new coronavirus, took measures such as refraining from going out unnecessarily and reducing the number of employees by 70% last year in order not to prolong the declaration of emergency. I called for it to be as thorough as it was when the declaration was issued in the spring.

Slope installed at the House of Councilors plenary session

2021-01-17 05:44:00
Before the ordinary Diet session was convened on the 18th, a new slope was set up at the House of Councilors plenary session to allow people to go up to the podium while in a wheelchair.

Kyoto 　 Mt.Fuji

EN      CS      KO      PT


iWorkflow - Self Management & Collaboration

Do you want to give yourself and your colleagues more work days that are really good? Days when you:
   - Get the right things done
   - Create space for focus, learning and problem solving
   - Create engagement, trust and support through smart collaboration
   - Have energy left when you have finished work

If you want to strengthen your self leadership with better overview, less stress and more flow in your work, then iWorkflow is the perfect training for you. It will also enhance your capabilities for collaboration in a modern, hybrid work environment.
"Proud and happy people doing real work!" - iManagement

iWorkflow is the brain smart methodology for sustainable, efficient knowledge work. Based in scientific research, tried and tested, and proven to work in real life for more than 10 years. It will provide you and your colleagues with a lever to increase engagement, learning, creativity and productivity, supported by digital tools. And the bonus is that you will have time and energy left at the the end of your working day.

Mental overload

In a world where an avalanche of information is the norm, there is a very real risk of overload and hyper activity. The pace of collaborations is increasing, there is a rapid change of focus, and we are constantly making decisions. More freedom, more people demanding things from us and greater complexity is putting more pressure on our brains. We need a way of working that help us set clear boundaries and change focus on a conscious level, in order to avoid mental overload.

Reactive way of working

Your carefully planned schedule is easily deterred by events that appear when you collaborate with others. You get trapped in a negative spiral of too many meetings, e-mails, and chat conversations. As a result you’re constantly interrupted, with little time to focus and an ever growing to-do list. Working reactively lowers our creativity and our inner motivation. This causes our collaborations to lose commitment, decreasing trust in the group in the long run.

Lack of human relations

Switching between digital communication and physical meetings in a hybrid work space increases the risk of weakening social connections and impaired relations. A feeling of loneliness can lead to lower performance for the individual, reduced sense of belonging and weaker teams. In a world where tasks become more complex, innovation and problem solving is required, you need a way of working that promotes collaboration, also in a hybrid work environment.

The iWorkflow methodology is based on six skills that every knowledge worker need to command in order to feel good and perform well, both individually and as a group:

With specific ”brain friendly” techniques and smart use of digital tools you’ll optimize use of your mental power and energy.

Handling information
A conscious strategy and methodology helps you handle large flows of information while maintaining overview. As a team you’ll learn to collaborate efficiently with information, creating a better rhythm when working together.

Learn how to let go of the thought loops that chips away at you limited cognitive capital. Get control, overview and the ability to act consciously without negative stress through a well thought out structure. Teams that create order in their digital tools avoid waisting time and energy on looking for information or sort out unnecessary misunderstanding.

Get the keys to making clear decisions about what’s most important, and to keep them in sight during your everyday work. You’ll get the tools to continously specify what provides value, set boundaries to avoid reactive behavior and spending time on unnecessary things.

Give your future self the opportunity to act on the right tasks, with a lot less time to get off the ground. With positive routines for short and long term planning and follow up, individually and together, you can create a workflow with a rhythm that suits the brain. You’ll experience clarity, progress and better flow.

With techniques designed to help you get through to the recipient for real, you’ll learn to communicate efficiently. Good communication leads to stronger relationships, and positive results, without waisting time and energy. It’s all about consciously picking the right channel for different types of communication and understand the terms of the recipient.

The aim of iWorkflow is to create a modern way of working for knowledge workers, based on the prerequisites of our brains.

After the training, the participants will have the knowledge and capability to:

- Optimize focus, mental power and energy, for better results and improves brain health
- Work in a transparent and clear way, for increased learning and trust of colleagues
- Create clear digital structures for collaboration, overview and engagement
- Clarify and visualize priorities, delegation of tasks, implementation and follow up, which leads to acknowledgement of efforts as well as commitment.
- Understand the need for common guidelines, adapted to individuals, team and organization, that creates a balance between autonomy and clarity for the team.

iWorkflow is a training program with a duration of 6 weeks. You will have four trainer-led digital sessions of three hours each. In between every session you will have time for reflection and learning on your own.

Content of the four sessions are as follows:

Part 1: Optimize your focus through:
- Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of your brain, as a knowledge worker
- Minimize distractions and interruptions
- Use the physical and digital workspace efficiently
- Create mental space for reflection and creativity
- Manage information efficiently

Part 2: Use your digital tools to optimize your brain at work
- Create a watertight structure
- Prioritize and get started on your most important tasks while setting boundaries - every day
- Plan and create balance for yourself between own work and collaboration
- Routines for each day and week that will optimize your productivity and work/life balance

Part 3: Co-create in a complex work environment
- Communicate consciously and with impact
- Structures for efficient collaboration
- Co-creation of information

Part 4: Increase your capacity to implement and to engage in collaborations
- Clear goals and priorities
- Visualization with digital kanban boards
- Acknowledge effort and results
- Solve bottlenecks and stop leakage
- Agreements that will optimize your collaboration

You can find the start date, with part 1, on the right hand side - under "Tillfällen".
The dates for all sessions are as follows:

Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4
31/8 - 1330-1630 9/9 - 0900-1200 22/9 - 1330-1630 12/10 - 1330-1630

Det finns inga planerade tillfällen. Du kan göra en intresseanmälan genom att fylla i formuläret.