{"content": "What do you mean Kiss was founded almost 50 years ago?\n\nAs crazy as it sounds, Kiss was founded in 1973, 47 years ago as of 2020.  I recall seeing their name on the marquee of a now long defunct nightclub/performance venue once known as the Mad Hatters Nightclub sometime between late 1973 and the summer of 1974.  At the time, I had no clue who Kiss was and unfortunately, too young to get in the door and find out.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9802670478820801}
{"content": "Hand shaped beads\n\nI thought I would briefly explain my definition of hand shaped beads. This will give people some insight into the process as well as explain the difference between hand shaped and machine made beads.\n\nMy beads are all hand shaped. This means I shape and polish them individually. I don’t use spherical grinding wheels or a bead mill. Most beads these days are machine made. You put in a rough shaped piece of stone and the machine shapes a whole lot of them exactly the same.\n\nHand shaping means that because the beads are made individually. This means each one is a different width and size.\n\nYou can see some of the process below. It starts with cutting little bead blanks out of a piece of jade and then slowly shaping and refining each one.\n\nWhen I have enough for a strand (around 60 – 80 beads) I measure each one and string them up by size so they taper from the largest at the front till the smallest at the back.\n\nThen its onto making the silver clasp, loop and stringing the whole strand together.\n\nFeel free to contact me if you have any questions.\n\n\nsiberian jade beads\nThe beginning, bead blanks cut out of a earthy Siberian jade (Nephrite)\njade beads\nBeads blanks from Canadian (Cassiar) and Northern American (Wyoming Honey Olive) Jade.\njade beads\nBlanks, cylinders and rounds (Canadian Jade (Cassiar)\nsiberian jade beads\nA Siberian jade strand in progress. All these beads were cut out of the same small block of jade.\njade beads\nA strand showing bead rounds in different stages of being cleaned up and finished.\nflower pounamu\nFlower Pounamu beads\njade beads\nA mixture of beads from Guatemala, Canada, USA and New Zealand\njade beads\nA finished stranded of beads carved from Canadian (Cassiar) Jade. Notice the difference in size and shape. This is a characteristic of hand shaped beads.\njade beads\nThis strand is made from jade from all over the world with carved cicada and beetles.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9898092150688171}
{"content": "Thursday, September 7, 2017\n\nBlog Tour: An Arrow Against The Wind (Guest Post)\n\nArrow Against the Wind\nBow of Hart Saga: Book 2\n\nP.H. Solomon\n\nEpic Fantasy\n\n\nstill pursued. In need of answers to deep mysteries revealed in\nhis enemies and his tragic past. But Magdronu's reach stretches among\nAthson's companions, endangering Limbreth and even Hastra in schemes\nlong hidden secrets surface that threaten to destroy Athson. Will he\nfalter like an arrow against the wind?\n\nDestiny.\" - Bookwraiths\n\nAgainst the Wind is surely among them.\" - Fantasia Reviews\n\nGuest Post\n\nOf Withlings and Dualism: The Basis of Conflict in The Bow of Hart Saga\n\nThe Bow of Destiny depicts conflict between good and evil as is common in epic fantasy. But what is not specifically in the series to this point is the basis of the conflict. While my prequel short story, What Is Needed, shows something of the conflict in the demise of most of the mystic order of Withlings, the conflict is much older. But to better grasp this history for the book, an understanding of Withlings is necessary which introduces basic viewpoints of characters - including those who hold greater power in the world of Denaria.\n\nWithlings are mystics who worship and serve the deity of Eloch. By the practice of their faith, Withlings are able to perform miracles such as healing, move from place to place or utter very accurate prophecies. These are but a few examples of Withlings' abilities but these are not dependent upon their inherent powers but those of Eloch. The frequent saying among Withlings is, \"What is needed is given.\" This means that they trust Eloch implicitly to provide what they need at any moment which can include miraculous actions. Often, Withlings will speak - or not - based on their sense of what Eloch wants them to do.\n\nSo, Withlings must practice mystical ability to \"be with\" Eloch in order to know what they must do. Withlings consider this a form of \"listening\" and it becomes the basis of their life. Sometimes, they may know much but be withheld from taking any action, something very hard to do and a reason they practice mystic discipline.\n\nTo Withlings, there is only Eloch as the true deity and it seems to be so. However, there is also the dragon Magdronu. What does not come into this series are the details of how Magdronu came into conflict with Eloch and how he got the worst end of that conflict to be cursed into the form of a dragon.\n\nMagdronu takes actions that are often typical for an \"evil\" character. However, he considers himself to be a dualistic counter-point to Eloch, a co-equal deity who has been kept from his natural prime position in the world as light and dark ebbs and grows. So to Magdronu, his conflict with Eloch arises from being withheld from taking his true place and that everything is out of balance as a consequence. To Magdronu, he must rise at some point and he seems \"evil\" but this is really just his nature and is no less valid than \"good\" on the part of Eloch.\n\nSo while Magdronu sees himself kept out of the balance of nature, he is stuck in a position of being cursed and unable to gain his prime position. Thus Magdronu must find a way to rise through the force of his will and the use of his magic. To this end, Magdronu sees Withlings as a force that thwarts him and he has tried to wipe them out as a way to gain influence.\n\nBut the question remains, how is Eloch able to hinder Magdronu so thoroughly? Thus we end up with a dwindling order of mystics, a prophecy against Magdronu, a mythic bow and someone intended to possess and use the Bow of Hart. Such is the background for the main character, Athson, who must discover his destiny.\n\nWant to discover more about The Bow of Destiny? Here's a list of other interviews and appearances I've made both on blogs and internet radio shows.\n\nInternet Radio Shows:\n\nBeyond the Cover on Rave Waves\n\nThe Magic Happens\n\nSpeculative Fiction Cantina\n\nAlso here are a few recent blog appearances:\n\nThe Thursday Interview\n\nBookwraiths: Tuesday Teaser\n\nAnd one of my favorites on C. S. Boyack's Lisa Burton Radio (which is actually a great blog series).\n\nBow of Destiny\n\nBow of Hart Saga: Book 1\n\n\nhas seen things that aren't there and suffered fits since being\nwizard. When a strange will mentioning a mysterious bow comes into\nwho are responsible for the destruction of his childhood home. Athson\nnot only frequent danger but his grasp on reality and the reasons\nbehind his tragic past.\n\nPrequel short stories to The Bow of Hart Saga:\n\n - KoboiBooks & Barnes\n& Noble\nSmashwords and on Amazon\n\nIs Needed\n - Barnes\n& Noble\n, Kobo, iBooks, Smashwords & Amazon\n\nas a Computer Whisperer on large computers called servers (harmonica\nwide array of more “serious” interests in addition to working\nnovel-length title with more soon to come.\n\nthe tour HERE\nfor exclusive excerpts, guest posts and a giveaway!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9678759574890137}
{"content": "Viewers left baffled by 'jaw dropping' Are Women the Fitter Sex?\n\n‘Have I been a bad mum?’ Mothers reveal their ‘guilt’ after taking ‘poisonous’ epilepsy drug during pregnancy that left their children with issues such as deafness and autism\n\n  • Viewers of Channel 4’s documentary Are Women the Fitter Sex? were shocked\n  • Show saw mothers Emma and Janet, from Preston, discuss sodium valoporate\n  • Women were not warned but the drug caused problems during pregnancies \n  • Emma and Janet’s children were born with fetal valproate syndrome\n  • Condition’s symptoms include epilepsy, deafness, autism, cerebral palsy \n  • Emma cried on the programme, saying: ‘No one believed what I was saying’\n\nViewers of Channel 4’s Are Women the Fitter Sex? were left stunned last night after a group of mothers revealed their ‘guilt’ over taking a ‘poisonous’ epilepsy drug during their pregnancies.\n\nEmma Murphy and Janet Williams, from Preston, said they were assured by doctors they were safe to take sodium valproate throughout their pregnancies, despite the epilespy drug raising the risk of babies suffering serious developmental disorders by up to 40 per cent. \n\nAppearing on the programme, mother-of-five Emma said all of her children have been diagnosed with fetal valproate syndrome, with symptoms including epilepsy, deafness, autism, cerebral palsy.\n\nShe said it was life-changing when she discovered the cause of the condition could have been taking the drug during her pregnancy, explaining: ‘It was that moment, everything I’d been saying to everyone, doctors, nurses, family…there was something wrong and nobody believed what I’d been saying.\n\n‘It saved my life. It saved my children’s life.’  \n\nViewers of Channel 4’s Are Women the Fitter Sex? were left stunned last night as Emma Murphy, from Preston, discussed taking a ‘poisonous’ epilepsy drug during pregnancy\n\nEmma has epilepsy and has been taken the drug since the age of 12 while her friend Janet has also taken the drug since her teens. \n\nWhen they decided to have children, each consulted with their doctors.\n\nEmma said: ‘The consultants always said it would be okay to take during pregnancy, there would be no risk to the baby and that’s what I did.\n\n‘I’ve got five children and they’ve all been diagnosed with fetal valproate spectrum disorder. \n\nEmma said all five of her children were born with fetal valproate spectrum disorder, including autism, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, deafness, speech and language delay \n\n‘There are many symptoms, autism, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, deafness, speech and language delay. A huge array.’\n\nEmma and Janet now know these issues are related to the drugs, with Emma explaining: ‘They were poorly. \n\n‘My sister phoned me one day and she was crying on the phone and she’d seen a lady who was appealing for women to come forward who had been on sodium valproate.’\n\nShe continued to say ‘just speaking’ with Janet to hear ‘what she’d been going through’ saved her life.    \n\nSocial media users called the programme ‘jaw dropping’ and said it likely ‘barely scratched the surface’ of problems\n\nJanet explained: ‘Since we met, we decided to start this campaign, to try to support other families and look after these families in the way they should be, knowing full well they weren’t at the time.’\n\nOne family who had joined the campaign is Lisa and Robby Hurton, from Durham, and their son Kieron. \n\nHe’s one of around 20,000 children who have been affected by the drug since it came to market in 1973.\n\nLisa said:  ‘He knows he’s different from other people. He struggles with writing, anything fine motor, speech. His sight is improving. There’s quite a lot.\n\nMeanwhile Janet, who has taken the epilepsy drug since she was a teenager, has also been campaigning to alert more women to the dangers\n\n‘But he’s still special. We wouldn’t have him any other way.\n\n‘At no point at all did they say, “You shouldn’t be taking this drug if you’re thinking about having a child in the future”, or, “We could ween you off this drug”. Anything like that.’\n\nShe continued: ‘I thought, “Is it me? Have I been a bad mum? Was I fated to be like this?” I think there will always be an essence of guilt there.’\n\nToday thanks to Janet and Emma’s campaign, women taking the drug are much more aware of the danger. \n\nEmma said her ‘life was saved’ when she discovered other women had suffered similar problems during pregnancy because of sodium valproate\n\nLisa said prior to a warning being added in 2019, there was ‘not a thing’ on the packaging to suggest it was dangerous for women or those expecting a baby.\n\nShe said: ‘How many families would have been…not ruined, but turned upside  down? Without that symbol?’\n\nEmma and Janet said it took years of campaigning for their concern to be heard, with Emma saying: ‘We definitely feel its an instituional problem.’\n\nJanet; ‘We know there are families out there that still aren’t being told about this. There were 400 babies harmed by the drug last year.’\n\nWhat is sodium valproate?\n\nSodium valproate controls electrical functions in the brain to prevent life-threatening seizures, with Epilim typically being a go-to brand in the UK and Ireland.\n\nIt is used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It’s occasionally used to prevent migraine headaches. \n\nWhat is Foetal valproate syndrome? \n\nFoetal valproate syndrome occurs when babies are exposed to the drug during the first three months of their mothers’ pregnancies.\n\nSymptoms can include autism, developmental delay, neural tube defects, heart abnormalities, limb problems and distinctive facial features, such as a long forehead, small lips and no nose bridge.\n\nTreatment may involve paediatricians, surgeons and physiotherapists, depending on the individual sufferer’s symptoms. \n\nAround 20,000 children in the UK have been affected by the drug, according to campaigners.\n\nHow are women being warned about the drug? \n\nIn 2014 The European Medicines Agency agreed to strengthen warnings and restrictions on sodium valproate’s use in women and girls.\n\nThe Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) advised healthcare professionals not to prescribe the drug to females unless other treatments are ineffective or poorly tolerated.\n\nOn February 8 2016, the MHRA launched a toolkit to help healthcare professionals talk to women with epilepsy about sodium valproate’s risks during pregnancy.\n\nProminent written warnings were also added to the drug’s packaging in 2016.\n\nOn April 6 2017, NHS Improvement and the MHRA sent a Patient Safety Alert through the central NHS system to further highlight sodium valproate’s risks during pregnancy.\n\nA public hearing was held in London on 26 September 2017 by the European Medicines Agency’s Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee where EU citizens spoke of their experiences of the medication.\n\nIn 2018, NICE data revealed the drug raises the risk of babies suffering serious developmental disorders by up to 40 per cent and malformations, such as cleft palates or lips, by 11 per cent, if it is taken during pregnancy. \n\nAt the time, it emerged a professor from the University of Liverpool was studying a boy affected by sodium valproate syndrome to determine if he developed the condition as a result of his grandmother taking the drug during pregnancy.\n\nFACS Aware, which campaigns for sufferers of foetal anti-convulsant syndromes, is fighting for all drugs containing sodium valproate to have a picture warning against their use during pregnancy on their packaging, as well as increased support for sufferers and better awareness among healthcare professionals. \n\n\nThe women said they want others to be able to have the information to be able to make informed decisions about their bodies and babies. \n\nMany of those watching were left horrified by the programme, with one commenting: ‘Hoomum is picking her jaw up from the floor watching #AreWomentheFitterSex. How is this level of discrimination even possible in the 21C?’\n\nAnother posted: ‘Watching #AreWomenTheFitterSex and I was on that drug those women campaigned to get warnings on. \n\n‘I was on it for years for bipolar but had told the DR I never wanted kids. Mad that they don’t tell women wanting kids the harm they do!’\n\nLisa, from Durham, also appeared on the programme and said she was left questioning ‘if she was a bad mum’ because of the impact the drug had on her son \n\nAnother wrote: ‘Really great to see the issues surrounding sodium valproate prescribing and autistic traits in females being highlighted on #AreWomenTheFitterSex.\n\n‘It highlights why can be so important to stratify scientific research by sex!’\n\nOne added: ‘That was a necessary film. Sadly, I suspect it only scratched the surface.’  \n\nSource: Read Full Article", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9099878668785095}
{"content": "43.43.020  <<  43.43.030 >>   43.43.035\n\nPowers and dutiesPeace officers.\n\nThe chief and other officers of the Washington state patrol shall have and exercise, throughout the state, such police powers and duties as are vested in sheriffs and peace officers generally, and such other powers and duties as are prescribed by law.\n[ 1965 c 8 § 43.43.030. Prior: 1933 c 25 § 2; RRS § 6362-60.]\n\n\nGeneral authority law enforcement agency: RCW 10.93.020.\nSite Contents\nSelected content listed in alphabetical order under each group", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8949256539344788}
{"content": "ISSN: 2003-2222\n\nVolume 3, Issue 10\n\nVolume 3, Issue 10, Autumn 2013, Page 7-419\n\nThe Impact Of Round House strategy on acquiring and retention of historical concepts For first Intermediate School students\n\nAssist Prof.Dr.Sadiq Obeis Al Shafei; Taghreed Radhi Abdul Mohsen\n\nAl-Bahith Journal, 2013, Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 7-28\n\n(effect the Round House strategy to acquire and retention of historical concepts in the first class students average)\nthis study aims at :-\n1- knowing the impact of round house strategy in acquiring the historical concepts for pirsl intermediate female students.\n2- knowing the impact of round house strategy in retaining the historical concepts for pirsl intermediate female students.\nTo fulfil these aims , the researcher adopted partid control for equd groups experimental design . the researcher deliberately chose a first intermediate school (AL-Bonncnbj a for girls ) as a sample from the Directory of Education in Babil to conduct the experiment during the academic year( 2012_2013).\nthe sample consists of (71) students (41)as an experimented group that taught the round house strategy and (35) as a control group that taught the traditional way.\nthe researcher determined the last three chapters of the history of the ancient civilization book as a material for both groups .in the light of the content of the textbook the researcher determined (20) desired historical concepts for both groups .According to these (20) concepts the researcher prepared (60) behavioral objectives to measure the acquiation of the concepts (definition _distinction _applying).then the researcher prepared (14) roundhouse for the experimental group students covering the material of the determined historical concepts .moreover the researcher prepared (14)lesson plans for both groups.\nto make sure of aims the researcher conducted an achievement test (a multiple-choice type) of for options to measure the students acquisition of the concepts .this test consisted of (60) items and its validity and reliability had been achieved.\nafter finishing the experiment and the test ,data had been collected and statistically treated (by using spss).after analyzing the statistical results ,the researcher concluded that there were statistically significant differences in the responses between the experimental group and that of the Control group on the benefit of the experiment avone . which means that the experimental group who utilized the round house strategy were better than those who use the traditional way in acquiring and retaining the historical concepts .\nIn the light of the results , the researcher recommended that the round House strategy should be adopted in teaching the material of history for the first intermediate level .\nAs well as she suggested conducting a similar study but in different materials and school levels .\n\nThe impact of the style of diagnostic assessment in the development of spelling skills and achievement when students of the second grade average\n\nM. Dr. Mackie hilarious cream\n\nAl-Bahith Journal, 2013, Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 108-138\n\nThis research aims to investigate the effect of the style of diagnostic assessment in the development of spelling skills and achievement when students of the second grade average, derived from the null hypothesis that reads \"There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average score for students in the experimental group who are studying style diagnostic assessment , the average score for students in the control group who are studying the way the standard in the development of spelling skills , and achievement , according to the sex variable , and interaction \"To aim of the research was chosen experimental design a set partial sets , and the chosen medium Algeria for Boys , and a secondary fulfillment for Girls , located in the center of the province of Diwaniyah wildly to apply experience them, and selected four people from the second row middle wildly also Almtosttin ( students , and students ) , and reached the research sample (92) students , divided between two groups of (48) students , and (44) a student for each division in the two groups experimental , and the control group).\nThe researcher conducted the parity between the two groups of students in search of the following variables : (chronological age , revealing spelling skills , and prior knowledge , mental ability , and language ability) .\nAfter determining the scientific article contained some topics book Dictation scheduled to be taught to students in the second grade average, the researcher developed a behavioral objectives , and lesson plans , and to identify the skills of spelling , and achievement test final which consisted of (30) paragraph test , including spelling skills -type multiple-choice in light of the map test , has been characterized by honesty and consistency after the presentation to a group of experts and specialists , and extract him psychometric properties , and then layer on the students after the end of the experiment .\nAnd used a researcher in the procedures discussed , and the analysis of results and statistical methods including: test samples t (T-test) for two independent samples , used it to make a parity between the two sets of search , and the Pearson correlation coefficient (Bearson), used it to calculate the reliability coefficient of the test in a way retail midterm , and the equation of Spearman - Brown , used it in the correct correlation coefficient between the two parts of the test (degrees of individual paragraphs , and marital) , and the equation of Cooper , he used to calculate the stability of a questionnaire spelling skills , and analysis of variance bilateral interaction , used it to analyze the results .\nThe results showed the superiority of the experimental group students on the students in the control group achievement spell , and also showed a difference in the average score for the collection of the two groups (experimental and control) variable according to sex (female) , as there is no reaction , according to the variables of the group and sex.\nIn light of the findings , the researcher recommended to follow the style of diagnostic assessment in the teaching of spelling ; because it ensures that the teacher preparation before the student explain the issue , and after teaching as well as in other materials , and suggested a similar study on the stages and in the other study the Arabic language other topics .\n\nImam Ali ibn Abi Talib ( peace be upon him ) Inserter for about the first Arab\n\nA .M .D .Wafa Abbas Fayyad\n\nAl-Bahith Journal, 2013, Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 152-172\n\nThere is no doubt that the length of time experienced by Imam Ali bin Abi Talib ( peace be upon him ) was ready to lay the foundations or building blocks toward first . In light of the emergence of a natural to put some of what the tongues long Sliqtha some ( melody ), which heralds of which appeared due to several factors suggested novels to his chest in the first of Islam . Although most of the stories says that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (d.40 AH) is inserter first toward the Arab , and even telecom novels remember that his disciple Abba Aswad Alduali (d. 69 AH ) is an inserter for this flag appended to the novel by saying ( (but under the guidance or signal of Imam Ali ( peace be upon him ) ) ; However, we find it denied this opinion and tried ratio setting as late all the time Imam Ali ( peace be upon him ) . therefore take care of our monitoring most of the novels that have been said in this topic according to their sequence historically beholding them on two axes : the first axis al-irhasat first to consider grammar ; goal of the paper without which Imam Ali ( peace be upon him ) and gave her father black. axis: treatment grammatical to some existing problems in that era and represented by dots Koran (b points to express) carried out by the Abu al-Aswad . presents research to varying attitudes among supporters of the primacy of Imam Ali and his creativity and attitude as opposed to the evidence and all of the teams .\n\n\"The Role of Indeterminacy in the meaning of A Text in reference to Fish Reader-Response Theory: an analytical study\"\n\nL.A. Yaghdan Ruda Mahd\n\nAl-Bahith Journal, 2013, Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 195-206\n\nThis study tries to define mainly the concept \"indeterminacy\" from Stanley Fish point of views included in his theory called \"reader-response\". The indeterminacy in language and literature simply means non-fixed meaning of a text. However, such termshould not be interpreted as there is no meaning at all but the meaning is there in the reader who is a member of an interpretive community. Indeterminacy is explained\nin reader-response theory which is a part of reader-response criticism, a school of criticism that focuses on the reader (or \"audience\") and his or her knowledge to obtain a meaning out of a literary work, in opposite to other traditional schools and theories that focus attention primarily on the author or the content and form of the work while\nthe reader's role in re-creating literary work is ignored. The work of Fish can be divided into two kinds: one is phenomenological approach to reading which characterizes much of Fish's earlier work, and the other is an epistemological theory characteristic of Fish's later work. This research includes the essay entitled\" Is There a Text in This Class?\" because it contains the views of Fish regarding indeterminacy in his theory specially his later views.\nThis theory emphasizes the role of the reader who produces \"real existence” to the work and completes its meaning through interpretation and not the text in itself. According to aforementioned theory and Fish the text is provided with meaning by a set of cultural assumptions, which often include authorial intent, though it is not limited to it. Moreover, as readers we interpret texts because we are part of an interpretive community that gives us a particular way of reading a text and finding its meaning. Then Fish claims that any attempt to discover the intent of the author is impossible as for Fish the author's intention is a creation of the reader who exclusively has such authority to determine upon the meaning of a text and the message of its author.There are schools just like formalism and new criticism have complete different views in opposition to the views of Fish. Such schools announced that the meaning of a text was embedded in the textual artifact or, as Wimsatt and Beardsley referred to it, \"the object\".\n\nFaustian Bargain in Charles Robert Maturin’s Melmoth the Wanderer\n\nAssist. Prof. Basim Neshmy Jeloud; Noor Kadhoum Jawad\n\nAl-Bahith Journal, 2013, Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 217-227\n\nAccording to the famous Faustbuck, published in Frankfort by Johann Spies in 1587, the Doctorate of Divinity that the German scholar Faust holds does not satisfy his insatiable thirst “to know the secrets of heaven and earth;” therefore, he, using magic, has recourse to the Devil and strikes a written-and-signed-with-blood bargain with him according to which the Devil has Faust’s high aspirations and desires accomplished. But Faust must hand his soul over to the Devil when the term of the bargain expires. It can be said that the Faustian bargain launches from this Lutheran book to be one of the most aspiring legends in European culture. To say nothing of the cinematic and musical works it inspires, many writers have adopted the Faust legend in their literary products. They have done some amendments to the original story in agreement with their genres, opinions, and times. Charles Robert Maturin (1782–1824) manages to tame the motif of the Faustian bargain, which is encircled by legendary and superstitious anecdotes, in his masterpiece Melmoth the Wanderer. He comes up with a new change in the traditional story of Faust to achieve certain aims of his own.\nThis paper is a part of an M.A. thesis entitled “Faustian Bargain in Irish Fiction: A Study in Charles Robert Maturin’s Melmoth the Wanderer and Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray” prepared at the University of Al-Qadisiya, College of Education, Department of English.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9972347021102905}
{"content": "Why do I get up in the morning?\n\nWhy do I go to work?\n\nWhy do I work hard?\n\nWhy do I strive to get better?\n\nWhy do I save?\n\nWhy do I?\n\n\nThank you SDHS for giving me my Why!\n\n\nMacklemore Christmas\n\nIt’s Christmas Time – Macklemore feat. Dan Caplen – 2019\n\nFor those who regularly read throughout the year, you will see why this video resonates with me at this time. Christmas will just be different without our dear Mitzi and Virgil this year for we will deeply miss them.\n\nHazel, may your first Christmas with us be amazing.\n\nLove, hugs and wet kisses!\n\nIn remembrance of Virgil and Mitzi", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8703101873397827}
{"content": "Floradix Floravital Liquid Iron Herbal 500ml\n\nFloradix Floravital Helps To Maintain The Health And Vitality Of Your Family (with no yeast, gluten or lactose).\n\nGood health and well-being are vital if we are to enjoy life to the full - and normally, we can expect to maintain our vitality through a balanced lifestyle which includes healthy food, plenty of exercise and lots of rest.\nHowever, there are times when our reserves run low - because of the stresses and strains of daily life, through lack of sleep and regular exercise, or because sometimes we may not eat a balanced diet which contains the vitamins, minerals and nutrients we need.\n\nFloradix or Floravital?\nFloravital was formulated to assist people with sensitivities to gluten, yeast and lactose. It still contains all the same active ingredients, selected herbs and several fruit juice concentrates for a pleasant taste as the original Floradix.\n\nFloravital contains no alcohol, preservatives, colourings or artificial flavourings and is suitable for vegetarians and vegans. Floravital is particularly beneficial for women, including expectant and lactating mothers, children, adolescents, the elderly, convalescents, vegetarians, vegans and those with an active lifestyle.\n\nThe Ideal Supplement To Maintain Your Feelgood Factor!\nThat's when Floravital can be an ideal supplement, helping to maintain vitality and all-round well-being. Floravital contains delicious herbs and fruit juice concentrates and also iron (II), B vitamins B1, B2, B6 and B12 (important elements in blood formation) plus vitamin C. Floravital can protect the health of the whole family, from young children to expectant mothers and elderly people.\n\nWhat Makes Floravital So Special?\n- It contains iron gluconate in liquid form which is very easily absorbed by the body.\n- Herbal extracts help maintain healthy digestion and together with vitamin C support the absorption of all nutrients.\n- It is free from alcohol, animal derivatives, synthetic additives, chemical preservatives and colourings.\n- It is particularly beneficial for pregnant and breast-feeding women and ideal for vegetarians.\n\nWhy Do We Need Iron?\nSupporting the body's immune system, iron also enables red blood cells to transport oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of the body. Oxygen allows tissue cells to use the energy generated from food. Since red blood cells don't reproduce themselves, iron is vital for their regeneration, whilst also ensuring the proper function of the heart, liver, gastro-intestinal system and skeletal muscle.\n\nThe body's iron comes entirely from food and is derived from meat, fish, fruit, nuts and vegetables. However, not all iron that enters the body is absorbed - and medical experts agree that most of us don't take in enough iron - which is why Floravital can be so helpful!\n\nIron absorption rates can be improved by the consumption of vitamin C, found in fresh fruit and vegetables. However iron absorption can be hindered by too much processed bran, milk, black tea and coffee. Too much vitamin E can also reduce iron absorption.\n\n\nFloravital Herbal Liquid Iron Extract is free from:\n- Preservatives\n- Additives\n- Artificial colours and sweeteners\n- Genetically modified ingredients\n- Pesticide residues\n- Radiation and heavy metals\n\nUse the measuring cup provided.\nAdults: 10 ml 1-2 times daily, morning and evening, immediately before meals.\nChildren (between 6 to 12 years): 5 ml twice daily, morning and evening, immediately before meals.\nChildren (between 1 to 05 years): 5 ml once daily, immediately before meals.\n\nIf you are pregnant or considering becoming pregnant, do not take supplements without consulting your doctor or pharmacist.\nIf symptoms persist see your health care practitioner.\nVitamin supplements should not replace a balanced diet.\nKeep all medicines out of the reach of children.\n\nShake bottle gently before use. As our products contain neither alcohol nor preservatives, the bottle should be returned to the refrigerator after use. Do not drink directly from the bottle. Vitamin supplements may only be of assistance if the dietary intake is inadequate.\n\nSearch our shop", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9924421906471252}
{"content": "Select Page\n\nWhat You Must Know About Nuclear Chemistry\n\nIn the USA, it is common to use fuel once a power reactor before placing it in a waste shop. A lot of the concern about nuclear power plants focuses on the danger of losing charge of the nuclear reactor, possibly leading to the accidental release of damaging levels of radiation. Nuclear power facilities are complex, and workers want to understand the way the facilities work in order to produce adjustments and repairs to equipment and to keep a safe working atmosphere.\n\n1 promising field of polymer research may enable the delivery of essential drugs like insulin to be taken orally and delivered right into the bloodstream. The magnetic field must be maintained very stable although in reality it’s always a use of the surroundings. These administrations and included materials cost cash in addition to the high expenses required to assemble a plant, which might help it become less desirable to put money into.\n\nHappily, to locate the mass number, all you have to do is round the atomic weight to the closest whole number. custom writing Lots of people see nuclear power as an alternate energy supply. So, they worry about reactor safety.\n\nIt is among the considerable sources of power all through the nation. Virtually every cell in an individual’s body has the exact same DNA. The speed of light is squared, making that portion of the equation a huge number that, even if multiplied by a small quantity of mass, yields a huge quantity of energy.\n\nElectric vehicles are appropriate for short distance usage, whereas FCEVs are appropriate for all distances. This figure indicates the binding energy for a function of the mass number. Students who want to enter health fields will invariably take these two courses.\n\nBesides protons and neutrons, there’s a third kind of baryon known as a hyperon. The intriguing thing here is that each and every atom of krypton consists of 36 protons. Fissile materials readily undergo fission and create a massive quantity of energy.\n\nPolymerisation The procedure for formation of polymers from respective monomers is known as polymerisation. By organic synthesis it’s possible to create an intricate molecule with a radioactive label that could be confined to a little region of the molecule. In simpler terms there is just a single reactant.\n\nEverything around you is composed of atoms. Fallout particles vary in proportion from thousandths of a millimeter to a number of millimeters. Beta decay is the most common in elements with a tall neutron to proton ratio.\n\nMass spectrometry is currently utilized to assess the mass of just about any atom or molecule. It’s a high speed electron. In this manner, it is simpler to combine with a different atom.\n\nBear in mind that the nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. All nuclei would like to be like Iron! The excited quasi-bound nucleus is known as a compound nucleus.\n\nEqual doses of all kinds of ionizing radiation aren’t equally harmful. There are several types of radiation. It requires an appreciable amount of heavy metal radiation shielding (usually lead or barium-based) to reduce its intensity.\n\nIndividually these bonds are extremely weak, although taken in a large enough quantity, the outcome is sufficiently strong to hold molecules together or inside a three-dimensional form. At the maximal energy, 0 eV, there’s absolutely no binding energy, or so the electron dissociates. Likewise the activation free energy can be utilized with the Eyring-Polanyi equation to figure out the rate constant.\n\nIt is possible to don’t hesitate to tell these science based gags to your pals, naturally, if they’re great in chemistry. Since there are plenty of applications of chemical principles and lots of specialties within the subject of chemistry, there are several kinds of chemists. Many analytical chemists concentrate on a single kind of instrument.\n\nThe text is streamlined to provide high school essay only the main mathematical concepts that are pertinent to physical troubles. If you aren’t conscious of the pros and cons of nuclear medicine yet, the next lists can provide you some helpful ideas. The material within this chapter introduces and covers the thought that science is a procedure.\n\nThe final result is at the period of evaluation, there’s a whole lot of confusion. The argument is extremely short and simple but you need to think about it. That question was asked for a long time, and you’ll hear a lot more debate about it now on account of the events in Japan.\n\nA significant part the 5E model is getting an official explanation which helps clarify any difficulties they are having. An additional facet of the research program is to create statistical and modeling tools to quantify radioactivity in the surroundings and enhance the decision methodology. This resource wouldn’t be possible to harness without a suitable comprehension of nuclear chemistry.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8734034299850464}
{"content": "The curious case of disagreements at work. And, how to overcome them.\n\nImage for post\nImage for post\n\nDisagreements at work — everyone has his own point of view of look at things. That’s why disagreements arise. If not handled well, these disagreements can lead to dire consequences for the organization.\n\nBut, what’s the science behind these disagreements? Why do they arise at work? And, when they arise, what’s the best way to deal with them?\n\nIf you want your business to thrive, then you need to find answers to these questions. Plus, you need to make sure that these disagreements do not become toxic for your team.\n\nBeing a manager, I’ve always tried my best to ensure that people in the team maintain harmony. This is not to say that people in my team don’t disagree on anything. But, what I am trying to say here is that we must take care of them. Before they become too big to put a negative impact on the team.\n\nI would like to share some of those ideas, which I use to maintain teams in a state of peace. And, I am sure even you can enjoy their benefits . Take a look -\n\nIs there a real disagreement?\n\nMost of the times, what seems as a disagreement is just the misinterpretation. For instance, last week I noticed two of my team members were arguing over a simple verbal miscommunication. The first person was saying they won’t be able to deliver the project til Saturday. The second person was saying they won’t be able to deliver it for at least three more days.\n\nBut, the funny thing was they were both talking about the same date. Saturday was not until three days. While they were nagging each other. And, arguing over this small fact. They completely forgot the whole point of arguing over something. Maybe one person was trying to prove a point and prove the other wrong. Or, whatever the case may be.\n\nThe whole point behind sharing this example is to make you understand that disagreements are not present for real, always. It is our aggression or maybe the thinking to prove the other person wrong that takes over. And, we are hell bent upon arguing rather than letting common sense prevail.\n\nAgree to disagree\n\nDisagreement does not always mean that you are wrong and the other person is right. It just means that both people in the discussion have their own point of views about the same thing. And, those point of views do not match with each other. We all know what happens when two people with different point of views discuss over something. That’s what we call — Disagreement. This disagreement can turn and further end up causing grudges. After all, we humans are emotional beings.\n\nHow to tackle when such a situation arises in the team? As a manager, you need to inculcate the feeling in your team members that they cannot be right all the time. When a person with a different perspective puts forth his point of view, it does not mean that he’s trying to prove you wrong. It only means that he/she is bringing a new perspective to the project. Something, which perhaps no one in the team would have ever thought of.\n\nWho knows this new perspective might actually be better than the way you’ve been working in the past?\n\nDon’t go in with a point of view\n\nYou can handle disagreements without causing any mayhem. But, the problem is when the person who is here to solve the problem comes in with a point of view. The problem becomes even worse when that point of view is already in favor of someone. This might lead to a situation where the other person might think of getting a biased decision. And, such a situation in the longer can break the team.\n\nAs a leader, as a manager, you cannot afford to be biased if you want to get your team to stick together. This is the reason why when it comes to handling disagreement at work, you need to go with an empty mind. Leave all your personal point of views behind.\n\nA great way to do this is to inculcate the habit of active listening. Talk to both the parties who are at the opposite at ends of the disagreement. Listen to their thoughts and take a decision based on that. As a matter of fact, sometimes even your point of view might not agree with what’s right in the scenario. But, you’ve got to say what’s right and not what your personal views are.\n\nMaintain your emotional intelligence\n\nLike I’ve said earlier, we humans are emotional creatures. It is quite easy for us to flow in the emotions. But, that’s the biggest mistake to make when you are dealing with workplace conflicts. You have to be lucid with your judgement, and not let emotions take over. Because, emotions when they take over they force a person to make false judgements.\n\nThis is the reason why emotional intelligence has emerged as an important area of research. Scientists are looking to figure out how our brain reacts, when it is under stress. How do emotions impact our nerve cells? And, what makes us lose our common sense when we are in a condition of emotional stress?\n\nAs a matter of fact, organizations are now offering trainings for the same to their employees. This helps them to ensure that their resources are able to cope up with work pressure. And, they don’t end up taking the wrong decisions. Or, don’t end up creating conflicts over small things. When they can avoid those situations by keeping their emotions under control.\n\nAt the end of it, leave everything behind\n\nDisagreements can turn into grudges and give rise to the feeling of hatred between the team. Over the time these grudges can spread negativity within the team. It can divide them into groups. And, I’m sure no one would ever want to work in such an atmosphere. Would you?\n\nSo, how to make sure that there are no grudges between team members? It’s quite simple — leave those disagreements behind!\n\nSuppose you are the manager of the team and you see there is conflict of opinion between two team member. You decide to get them together over the table and solve the situation. Everything is sorted gleefully, but the person who was at the receiving end of it did not leave it behind. He took it on a personal basis, and it hurt the team to a real bad extent?\n\nThe best way to avoid such a scenario is to inspire the team members to leave their grudges behind. When they are moving out the meeting room after the discussion, they must forget about it. Make them understand that they are not fighting a battle within themselves. They are fighting a battle with time, and with client requirements. And, need to focus in accordance to that!\n\nDisagreements are bound to happen when different people are working together as a team. And, it is quite natural for these disagreements to arise. But, the key lies in being able to manage these conflicts in a graceful manner.\n\nI hope that these tips will help you become better at managing disagreements at work. All the best!\n\n\nVartika Kashyap is a seasoned marketing professional who is an expert in digital marketing and entrepreneurship. She’s been featured among LinkedIn’s Top Voices for the year 2016. She currently runs the marketing team at ProofHub — a project management software for teams of all sizes. Connect with Vartika on LinkedIn, Medium and Twitter.\n\n\n\nOriginally published at\n\nWritten by\n\nChief Marketing Officer@ProofHub. Featured writer on LinkedIn. Contributor at Elearning Industry, Dzone, Your Story and\n\nGet the Medium app\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9484357237815857}
{"content": "• Course Introduction\n\n        • Time: 120 hours\n        • Free Certificate\n        Political thought, or political philosophy, studies questions about power, justice, rights, law, and other issues related to governance. While some believe these concepts are static, political thought asks how they originated and to what effect. Just as Socrates' question \"how should we be governed?\" led to his execution, the question \"what makes a government legitimate?\" can lead to political turmoil. What form should government take? What do citizens owe their government? When should citizens overthrow an illegitimate government?\n\n        In this course, we examine major texts in Western political thought, where authors pose difficult questions about the political community, social order, and human nature. How do our views about human nature and history inform government design? We explore how Plato, Machiavelli, and Rousseau, responded and how these philosophers contributed to the broader conversation about human needs, goods, justice, democracy, and the ever-changing relationship between the citizen and the state.\n\n        In our first unit, we address the polis, or political community, centered upon the texts of Plato and Aristotle. In the second unit, we explore the modern state and constitutional government, featuring the work of John Locke, Niccolò Machiavelli, and Thomas Hobbes. Finally, we focus on democracy and a critique of liberal ideology, from the perspectives of the texts of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Alexis de Tocqueville, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. These political philosophies have shaped various forms of government, from tyranny to republican democracy to welfare states.\n\n        Note that while we use the terms politics, political theory, and political science throughout the course, they are not interchangeable. Politics describes the use of power and the distribution of resources. Political theory is the study of the concepts and principles people use to describe, explain, and evaluate political events and institutions. Traditionally, political theory approaches this study from three perspectives: classic, modern, and contemporary political theory. Here, we examine all three. Political science is the academic discipline concerned with the study of the state, government, and politics. Aristotle defined political science as \"the study of the state\".\n\n        Western political thought has served as a philosophical and ideological foundation for governments around the world, including the United States. We give you historical, social, and cultural context to relate to contemporary political society.\n\n\n      • Unit 1: The Polis\n\n        Our first unit deals with the origins of Western thinking on the polis, the Greek word for city-state. We will read Plato's famous work, The Republic, which presents an extended argument in dramatic form for what might constitute the ideal polis, encompassing consideration of all aspects of governance, citizenship, social order, and personal virtue. Speaking through the character of his teacher Socrates, Plato's model of the ideal city-state mirrors the order of nature as based in his metaphysical Theory of Forms, famously articulated here in The Republic through its famous Allegory of The Cave.\n\n        Plato's streamlined view of political and social life holds that the city-state should be governed by a ruler with philosophical training capable of comprehending the true nature of reality, justice, and wisdom, and where one's place in society is determined by one's natural abilities. By contrast, Plato's student Aristotle, while incorporating and responding to many aspects of Platonic thought, develops a decidedly organic, or this-worldly, system of ethics and a corresponding structure for the polis as embodied in the texts of the Nicomachean Ethics and the Politics.\n\n        Aristotle's famous claim that \"man is by nature a political animal\" captures his belief that a natural order between the individual and the community exists as both a power struggle and a distribution of resources, which has as its own end the good held both individually and in common. Such ideal notions of the city-state, whether Platonic or Aristotelian, and the particulars therein, have been a point of departure for political philosophers since the time of Plato's Athens to the present day.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 40 hours.\n\n      • Unit 2: Modern Political Thought\n\n        The Greek polis served as an influential model of citizenship and governance for centuries. Modern political philosophers, however, found that they needed to rethink politics according to a new, more realistic understanding of the way humans actually behave. As a result, modern government requires both a keen historical sense and the pragmatic use of power.\n\n        Our unit begins with the Italian political philosopher and civil servant, Niccolò Machiavelli. Machiavelli is credited with the distinctly modern notion of an artificial (rather than natural) state in which the leader should rule swiftly, effectively, and in a calculated manner. Many associate his theories with the use of deceit and cunning in politics; after Machiavelli, politics was conceived of as an art in which the best rulers governed shrewdly, carefully calculating about enemies, populations, and the timing of certain actions.\n\n        Thomas Hobbes adapted this Machiavellian approach on a much larger scale. For Hobbes, the state should be sovereign and secular; the citizens should give up both their allegiance to the church and their rights in exchange for physical security. However, while modern political thought has been built upon the Machiavellian notion of the artificiality of the state, the moderns disagreed on how people behaved and on the degree of a government's strength and pervasiveness necessary to properly govern citizens.\n\n        John Locke responded to a strict concept of sovereignty with the idea of constitutional government. Like Hobbes, Locke imagined a civil society capable of resolving conflicts in a civil way, with help from government. However, Locke also advocated the separation of powers and believed that revolution is not only a right but, at times, an obligation of citizenship. These three thinkers represent the foundation of modern state theory.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 40 hours.\n\n      • Unit 3: Liberal Democracy and Its Critics\n\n        We conclude our course by discussing various conceptualizations of political and social equality and addressing ways that political thought shifted away from a belief in the primacy of the sovereign state and the legitimacy of elites. We also discuss how Jean-Jacques Rousseau developed the notion of participatory democracy, the egalitarian view that constituents should be directly involved in the direction and operation of political systems.\n\n        Alexis de Tocqueville considered participatory democracy when he examined government in young America. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels did the same when they critiqued political liberalism as the ideology of the rich. Our unit serves as a historical platform for discussing today's competing political theories about the role of the state in the redistribution of resources, the government's role in the economy, and the difference between how we act and what we believe.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 40 hours.\n\n      • Study Guides\n\n\n      • Course Feedback Survey\n\n\n\n      • Certificate Final Exam\n\n\n\n\n      • Saylor Direct Credit\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6545662879943848}
{"content": "evangilista meanings in English\n\nIt looks like we do not have any meanings for the word \"evangilista\" in English.\n\nWe will however try to add it as soon as possible.\n\nWhat are the meanings of evangilista in English?\n\nMeanings of the word evangilista in English are . To understand how would you translate the word evangilista in English, you can take help from words closely related to evangilista or it’s English translations. Some of these words can also be considered evangilista synonyms. In case you want even more details, you can also consider checking out all of the definitions of the word evangilista. If there is a match we also include idioms & quotations that either use this word or its translations in them or use any of the related words in English or Urdu translations. These idioms or quotations can also be taken as a literary example of how to use evangilista in a sentence. If you have trouble reading in Urdu we have also provided these meanings in Roman Urdu.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9975957274436951}
{"content": "Question: What Is Neuromuscular System?\n\nWhat is the neuromuscular system quizlet?\n\nfunctional unit of the neuromuscular system.\n\nconsists of single motor neuron together with all of the muscle fibers that its axon supplies.\n\nmotor units vary in the number of muscle fibers supplied by one motor neuron.\n\nPrecision movements (eyes and hands) have more motor neurons per muscle fiber..\n\nWhat are neuromuscular effects?\n\nNeuromuscular disorders affect your neuromuscular system. They can cause problems with. The nerves that control your muscles. Your muscles. Communication between your nerves and muscles.\n\nWhat is the most common neuromuscular disease?\n\nThe most common of these diseases is myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disease where the immune system produces antibodies that attach themselves to the neuromuscular junction and prevent transmission of the nerve impulse to the muscle.\n\nWhat is the treatment for neuromuscular disorders?\n\nSome treatment options include medical therapy, including immunosuppressive drugs, pain management and assistive devices. We also offer apheresis, which filters out antibodies in the blood associated with neuromuscular disease that causes weakness and other problems.\n\nWhat are the 5 immediate effects of exercise?\n\nWhen the muscles start to work, they need more oxygen so the respiratory system responds by getting more oxygen into the lungs. The blood carries greater amounts of oxygen and the heart responds to pump more oxygenated blood around the body. Immediate effects can be visible in hot, sweaty and red skin.\n\nWhat are the long term effects of exercise on the body?\n\nUnderstand the long-term effects of exercise on:Bone density.Hypertrophy of muscle.Muscular strength.Muscular endurance.Resistance to fatigue.Hypertrophy of the heart.Resting heart rate and resting stroke volume.Cardiac output.More items…\n\nWhat is Neuromuscular Medicine?\n\nNeuromuscular Medicine is a subdiscipline of neurology and physical medicine and rehabilitation that includes abnormalities of the motor neuron, nerve roots, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction, and muscle, including disorders that affect adults and children.\n\nIs neuromuscular disease curable?\n\nThere is no cure for most neuromuscular disorders, but some can be effectively managed and treated. Some common interventions include: Drug therapy – Immunosuppressive drugs can treat certain muscle and nerve diseases and diseases of the nerve-muscle junctions.\n\nWhat is excessive fatigue?\n\n\nWhat is neuromuscular function?\n\nNeuromuscular activity in human physiology is a major adaptive system that facilitates and controls movement and stability in both skeletal and smooth muscle function.\n\nWhat happens to the neuromuscular system during exercise?\n\nThere is an increased activation of synergistic muscles to assist force production for strength, power, speed and hypertrophy. Neural pathways linking to target muscles become more efficient at transmitting the message (stimulus).\n\nWhat is Neuromuscular fatigue?\n\nNeuromuscular fatigue can be defined as any exercise-induced decrease in a muscle’s ability to develop force or power [16]. Central fatigue involves impairment of voluntary muscle activation [62] and seems to occur particularly during submaximal, low-intensity muscle contractions [96], [123], [157].\n\nWhat is a severe neuromuscular disease?\n\nNeuromuscular diseases affect the function of muscles due to problems with the nerves and muscles in your body. The most common symptom of these diseases is muscle weakness.\n\nWhat are the long term effects of exercise on the muscular system?\n\nLong term effects of exercise on the body systemsLong term effects of exerciseMuscular systemMuscle hypertrophy; increased strength of tendons; increased strength of ligamentsSkeletal systemIncrease in bone densityFitnessIncrease in strength; increase in flexibility; increase in speed; increase in muscular endurance3 more rows\n\nHow do you prevent neuromuscular fatigue?\n\nRest/Recovery – Complete a warm up and cool down for 5 to 10 minutes each time you exercise. Start off slowly and gradually increase workout intensity levels so that your muscles are gradually challenged and can build over time. Allow adequate rest between workout sessions and strength repetitions.\n\nWhat are some common neuromuscular disorders?\n\nTypes of neuromuscular disorders include:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.Multiple sclerosis.Muscular dystrophy.Myasthenia gravis.Myopathy.Myositis, including polymyositis and dermatomyositis.Peripheral neuropathy.More items…\n\nIs Fibromyalgia a neuromuscular disorder?\n\n\nHow is neuromuscular fatigue measured?\n\nYou can measure it by a dynamometer or by a surface EMG or by the combination of both. You may also use a digital inclinometer to measure the pre motor time in order to estimate central fatigue.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9981194138526917}
{"content": "Can Bruising Be A Sign Of A Blood Clot?\n\nHow do you know if a blood clot is moving?\n\nThe feeling can range from a dull ache to intense pain.\n\nTrouble breathing.\n\n\n\nDo you feel sick with a blood clot?\n\n\nWhat do Leukemia bruises look like?\n\n\nWhy am I bruising so easily all of a sudden?\n\nEasy bruising can occur when the blood vessels are weakened by diseases (such as scurvy), medications (such as aspirin, prednisone, and prednisolone), and aging. Easy bruising can also occur because of absent or deficient blood-clotting elements.\n\nWhen should you get a bruise checked out?\n\nWhen to Seek Medical CareCall the doctor if the bruise is accompanied by swelling and extreme pain, especially if you take a blood-thinning medication for a medical condition.Call the doctor if bruising occurs easily or for no apparent reason.Call the doctor if the bruise is painful and under a toenail or fingernail.More items…•\n\nHow long can a blood clot go undetected?\n\n\nShould I be concerned if I bruise easily?\n\n\nHow do you check for blood clots?\n\n\nIs bruising a sign of low iron?\n\n\nHow do you know if its a bruise or a blood clot?\n\nA bruise is a noticeable mark on the skin that generally resolves over time. A blood clot is a clump of blood that has formed in deeper tissue or within a blood vessel and is rarely visible. A bruise often forms while the outer layer of skin is still intact and it changes the color of the visible layers of skin.\n\nWhen should I be worried about unexplained bruising?\n\nIf you or your child has unexplained bruising, it may be time to see your doctor. See your doctor if you notice the following: large bruises that occur frequently and for no apparent reason. bruises that show no sign of improvement after a week or two.\n\nDoes a blood clot feel like a pulled muscle?\n\n\nHow do you know if a bruise is serious?\n\nSeek medical attention if you have:increased bruising while taking aspirin (Bayer) or other blood thinners.swelling and pain in the area of bruising.bruising that occurs after a hard blow or fall.bruising that occurs along with a suspected broken bone.bruising for no reason.bruising that fails to heal after four weeks.More items…\n\n\n\nWhat causes bruises to appear without injury?\n\n\nWhen should I be concerned about a blood clot?\n\nIf a blood clot breaks free and travels through your veins to your heart and lungs, it can get stuck and prevent blood flow. This is a medical emergency. You should call your doctor immediately if you think you might have a blood clot.\n\nShould I go to ER if I suspect blood clot?\n\nIf you suspect that you have a blood clot or experience any of the signs and symptoms, you should consider going to the ED. Signs of DVT include: Swelling of the legs, ankles, or feet. Discomfort, heaviness, pain, aching, throbbing, itching, or warmth in the legs.\n\nWhat bruises should you worry about?\n\n\nCan a bruise cause a blood clot?\n\nThe bruise itself won’t cause a blood clot. In very rare circumstances, the hit that caused the bruise can. If a deep-seated vein is damaged during the collision, it could lead to a deep-vein clot. This is called deep-vein thrombosis (DVT).\n\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5605359077453613}
{"content": "Author: Israel Summer Business Academy\n\n\nAbout Israel Summer Business Academy\n\nA collaboration between Olin and the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya, Israel, the Israel Summer Business Academy (ISBA) is designed for students of all faiths, beliefs, and academic backgrounds who want to learn about Israeli business firsthand – and immerse themselves in the country’s entrepreneurial environment. For more information about this six-week summer program, reach out to or go to\n\nToday was quite a day. We received lectures from four different speakers along the famous Rothchild Boulevard, the heart of Tel Aviv’s financial district. First up today was Ron Gura, who currently works for Aleph VC. He described how he made the switch from being an entrepreneur to being at the on the other side of the negotiations in the role of a venture capitalist.\n\nGuest Blogger: Zach is a sophomore WashU.\n\nThen we heard from Ron Goldi who works for Ajillion which was bought by Crossrider. [Quick side-note: We talked to Goldi on the roof of the Crossrider building, which was simply gorgeous.] Goldi actually made the opposite switch from Gura: Goldi went from being a venture capitalist to an entrepreneur. Hearing from both of these businessmen back-to-back was interesting, as they each had their own reasons for switching jobs. They are perfectly content where they are now. But they both admitted that having been on the other side of the table really helps them now because they can think like the people they negotiate with. That is why it is beneficial to work both sides of the negotiation. What I took away was that this doesn’t just apply to the VC industry. To be successful in negotiations, you must know the perspective of each party involved. Once you have accomplished that, you will be able to achieve success.\n\nAfter those two speakers, we met with Ran Achituv of Magma VC. Magma is a VC fund that focuses in on early stage tech companies, including Waze. In the funding spectrum, they are somewhere in between a micro-fund and a multi-stage generalist VC fund as they tend to spend between $100 million and $150 million for funding.\n\nAfterwards, we were able to hear from the other side of the funding spectrum: a group of angels called Maverick Ventures. Maverick is basically the complete opposite of Magma. While Magma has probably invested in many startups, Maverick Ventures has only invested in six. They also aim to fund startups with somewhere between $1 million and $3 million, which is a huge difference from Magma, too. But the biggest difference I saw was the unique mindset Maverick had. They believed that while other VC’s may only find success in three out of ten startups, they wanted to be successful with all of their startups.\n\nI have been hearing about different types of funders all throughout my time here, but now I finally was able to clearly differentiate them with these back-to-back presentations of competitors.\n\nNow for our startup app we have been working on in class, we are able to clearly decide which type of funding we want to aim for.\n\nThis program has forced me to analyze the definition of success many times.  Various people have told us that if your end goal is to make money, then entrepreneurship is not the career path to take.  Instead, the idea of making a change in the world seems to be the goal for many “successful” entrepreneurs.\n\nGuest Blogger: Jessica is a junior at WashU\n\nWe currently have an assignment that requires us to meet with a Zell graduate, and to learn about their entrepreneurial experiences.  The business man who I chose to interview started a marketing company, and it has been open for around four years now.  It seems as if the company has gained a lot of traction, and they have formed partnerships with huge publishers like Fox Sports.  It seemed to me as if the company could be defined as successful, but when I asked him if his company is successful in his opinion, he responded no without hesitation.  He said that until an exit, IPO, or close had been reached, he wants to keep expanding the company. However, he said there are moments where he is extremely proud of his company, and a temporary milestone is reached. When his favorite basketball team, the Miami heat, started using his program, it was a redeeming feeling.  However, the billions of users of his survey service do not constitute a successful ending to Bitz, his company.\n\nThis answer reminded me a lot of the mindset of the start up that I worked for last summer.  It was a jewelry company that had products picked up by huge retailers such as Free People, ShopBop and Bloomingdales.  However, they still did not define their fashion line as a success.  I have learned that this mentality seems to be a trend amongst entrepreneurs, and perfectly depicts why money cannot be a driving force.\n\nThe ever-changing and dynamic of the start up world makes it addicting to these people, and they are emotionally invested in making their company as good as it can be.  No matter what the worth in capital is, a true entrepreneur is never truly satisfied with their product, and always wants to make improvements. If success is never reached in their minds, they are consistently working at their product, and are making the product as close to perfect as humanly possible.  The work ethic proves for the eventual success and prosperous futures of true entrepreneurs.\n\nWorking on our start-up, we’ve been gradually adding elements to create value and really work through the steps that real entrepreneurs go through. Today’s lesson consisted of learning about the lean start-up method and the business canvas. We took all the topics that we learned about and exercised those methods on our own product. The business model that we worked with was very similar to the tasks that we did in Management 150 at school first semester, but the difference here was, instead of doing the whole process over the course of a semester, we did everything in a fraction of a day.\n\nSomething I learned today is that we all have so much more potential than we think. Instead of second-guessing oneself, it’s important to just try things even if failing is an option. We had to work together in our teams with people we may not have interacted with before this summer and we had to get a lot of work done in a little amount of time. After seeing that we are capable of this, I got a surge of confidence. It sounds like a cliché, but if we put our minds to it and really put in the effort, a lot more than we think can get done.\n\nIt’s also very inspiring to see the works of others. In this class, we are presenting everyday our new findings and updating the class. This introduces a type of healthy competition to the groups. Instead of doing the bare minimum as many students do in some group projects, each student is striving to do their best so that their group and their idea looks good in front of everyone. The ability to be the one advertising your product makes you put so much more of yourself into the work behind it. I can now better understand the ways of entrepreneurs since I now understand their connection to the products. It really is their baby. We want people on board, we want people to give us feedback, and overall we want them to use it when it’s finished.\n\nOne thing that really gave me satisfaction in the work that we’ve done today, was hearing people talk about my group’s product. Having our peers say how useful it would be or how perfect it would be in a certain context is motivation in a sense. Knowing that it is a viable product drives me to do so much more with this. And who knows, maybe we will be able to take this all the way.\n\n“Tech it Easy.” This is the slogan written on the wall of the room at Tel Aviv Google Campus where a Google representative talked to us about this R&D center for the world famous company. Not only is this a catchy pun, but also it truly encapsulates the atmosphere at Google Campus.\n\nGuest Blogger: Anna is a sophomore at WashU\n\nGoogle has beautiful work spaces so employees are happy at work. This includes delicious and healthy breakfasts and lunches that allow employees to mingle with co-workers, furthering friendships and sharing of ideas. There are even countless amenities: gym, washing machine, postal service, and even a barber that comes once a week! It was also an honor to hear from the manager of the Google Tel Aviv R&D center and amusing to see him wearing jeans and black T-shirt when he oversees over 600 Google employees.\n\nI learned about components/abilities of Google that I didn’t even know existed such as Google Sites (where one can create his/her own website hosted by Google). I was also intrigued by the 20% Project which allows employees to work on their own side projects 20% of their time. This feeds into the entrepreneurial culture that is so present in Israel, allowing people to think on their own independently apart from their main Google assignments. Remarkable projects have come out of this, including digitizing Yad Vashem records and the Dead Sea Scrolls, preserving them forever and making them widely available electronically. This seems so different than many work environments that are more possessive of employees and are structured hierarchically such that those at the top have more latitude for innovation than those expected to complete assigned tasks.\n\nWhen the Google representative was asked his favorite thing about working at Google, he answered simply: the people (the same reason I picked WashU). It’s no wonder it’s so difficult to get a job at Google because, as the representative described, everyone who works there is strong professionally/technically and highly motivated, but also has fun hobbies and is interesting and personable. Being well rounded is so important in any industry – it’s not good enough to just be really good at computer technology or only being able to communicate with people: to work for Google you need both. Google understands that the value of technical and intellectual talents is compromised without equally compelling personal and interpersonal qualities.\n\nWhile I think more fields (and colleges) today appreciate that success depends on the entire person, not just their intelligence, I imagine few professions look for these qualities as thoroughly as Google does. I am reminded of a physician who cannot communicate with or comfort a patient or a professor who excels in research but cannot teach – both likely compromise the work they perform and the consumers they serve.\n\nI was also made aware of the many social movements Google has led. We have learned from so many places (the news, VCs, Start Up Nation, etc) how the many Orthodox Jews and Arabs in Israel are under-employed. Google provides programs for both of these groups through Kama-Tech (for Orthodox Jews) and Palestinian High-Tech Trade Mission.\n\nGoogle additionally helps bridge the gap between the number of men and women in high tech by both creating Yazamiot, a women’s entrepreneurial movement, and Mind the Gap, a program that encourages high school girls to major in computer science. I appreciate the way Google is reaching out to different underprivileged groups of people without gaining any immediate reward in return. Just as Google regards employees as “whole” people, the company seems to consider the whole environment in which it operates and engages that environment. How fitting for a company that offers such an interactive product to value interaction in all aspects of its operation.\n\nImage: Google headquarters in Tel Aviv.\n\nYesterday, my venture creation team ran into a little problem with our proposed app. Our initial plan was to create an app that would crowd source information to make the buying process easier for big ticket items. The application would compare prices in the nearby geographic area as well as take information from online blogs and customer reviews to make a summary of the product while highlighting reviews that your Facebook friends posted. I thought this was the perfect idea because I always struggle when I try to make buying decisions and this would allow me to avoid difficult decision-making situations like when I spent two hours on Amazon looking for the cheapest and the highest quality pair of fuzzy socks.\n\nGuest Blogger: Jackie is a sophomore WashU\n\nUnfortunately for our team, there was already an app out there that did something very similar to what we were trying to create, but fortunately for me, I found an app that could help with my buying decisions. This morning when we got to IDC and had group time, we decided that we needed to regroup and come up with a new idea. We spent a lot of time brainstorming together and trying to come up with a new idea and after about an hour we decided to create BettaFit, which is an app that helps with shopping online for clothes. It is similar to our original idea, but this is more specialized and has fewer competitors that are already in the market.\n\nLast night I was really worried that we were going to have to scrap all of our work and come up with a completely different product and be days behind all the other teams. Although, when we got to IDC we were able to sit down right away and start working. I have never been in a business group where everyone was so focused on the task and able to work together so well while still having fun. It was a really good experience. Also, when we were going through the nine steps of the Lean Business Model, we were able to put that we were serial entrepreneurs in the unfair advantage box because we had already gone through the first few steps of creating a venture before.\n\nAlthough we ran into the problem with our company and had to take a few steps backwards, it was worth it to overcome the challenge. I think going through this process allowed us to come up with something we all liked a lot instead of choosing someone else’s idea and we became closer as a team because of it.\n\nToday we presented our startup ideas to students from the Zell program. For a few days, we had been working in small groups to modify an idea from one of the Zell entrepreneurs. My group chose Savey, a money-saving app with the goal of combating consumerism by helping users cut down on their impulse purchases.\n\nGuest blogger: Callie is a sophomore at Washington University\n\nWe modified this idea so that it would be more goal-oriented; we wanted to help users be able to reach their long-term goals and do things that would give them more lasting satisfaction than a quick impulse buy. We also changed the revenue stream from being based on ads to partnering with companies that could provide “goal experiences” to users – we promote these goals through the app and offer them at a discount, and then receive a commission from the company when users put their money toward that goal.\n\nAfter presenting our idea, we were able to spend some time with the Zell entrepreneurs and get their feedback. Because our group disagreed on some things, and also were very much in the early stage of developing a concrete idea and business model, I found this time especially helpful. It was great to hear the entrepreneurs’ feedback and advice, and I think this will help our group better develop and execute our idea.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6682067513465881}
{"content": "Quick Answer: What Does Mode Stand For In Math?\n\nWhat is the correct meaning of mode?\n\nWhat is the correct meaning of “mode”.\n\na pattern of pitches forming a scale, whether major or minor..\n\nWhat is mean median and mode?\n\n\nHow do you solve mean median and mode?\n\nHeronian MeanThe mode is the most common number in a set. … The median is the middle number in a data set. … Note: If you have an even set of numbers, average the middle two to find the median. … Tip: You can have more than one mode. … In order to find the SPSS mean mode median, you’ll need to use the Frequency tab.More items…\n\nHow do we calculate mode?\n\nTo find the mode, or modal value, it is best to put the numbers in order. Then count how many of each number. A number that appears most often is the mode.\n\nWhat is the symbol of mode?\n\nProbability and statistics symbols tableSymbolSymbol NameMeaning / definition∑∑double summationdouble summationMomodevalue that occurs most frequently in populationMRmid-rangeMR = (xmax + xmin) / 2Mdsample medianhalf the population is below this value37 more rows\n\nWhat does mode mean in writing?\n\nIn literature and other artistic media, a mode is an unspecific critical term usually designating a broad but identifiable kind of literary method, mood, or manner that is not tied exclusively to a particular form or genre. Examples are the satiric mode, the ironic, the comic, the pastoral, and the didactic.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7428385019302368}
{"content": "From an Acorn…\n\nRecently, my son and I took a little road trip through New England and down to Boston.  It was a wonderful journey… the best part for me was being able to spend time with my son (He’s sixteen and these occasions when he actually wants to spend time with his old man are precious).  On the walk from our hotel in Cambridge, north to Harvard Square, we chanced upon the Greater Boston Buddhist Cultural Center.  After paying our respects to the Buddha in the small and unassuming temple (the kind that makes you feel immediately at home), we had lunch in the vegetarian restaurant attached.  As in many Chinese restaurants, the meal was followed by the bill and the proverbial (literally) fortune cookie.  When I cracked my cookie open, I was greeted, not by a fortune (“Good luck will follow you today.”), but an English translation of the first line of that great Chinese classic the Tao Te Ching:  “The Tao that can be described is not the everlasting Tao”. I was stunned!\n\nThe Tao Te Ching, or the Classic of the Way and its Virtue, a brief treatise of 81 chapters (or 5000 Chinese characters), is believed to have been written in China between the 2nd and 5th Century BC.  Legend has it that the author, Lao Tzu (Old Man or Old Master), a minor functionary, having grown tired of city life, ventured West, into the wilderness.  He left behind his wisdom, the Tao Te Ching, with the sentry at the Western gate and was never heard from again.\n\nThe theme of the Tao Te Ching is expressed in the first Chapter:\n\nFirstly, words cannot adequately describe the nature of the eternal.  The chapter continues…\n\nThe name that can be named\nIs not the Everlasting name\n\nThe nameless is the beginning of heaven and earth\nThe named is the mother of ten thousand things\nTherefore, ever desireless One can observe the mystery;\nEver desiring One can observe the manifestations.\n\nThese two issue from the same origin,\nThough named differently.\nBoth are called the dark.\nDark and even darker,\nThe door to all mysteries.\n\nNames are not the same as the thing named. A Zen saying goes, “do not mistake the finger pointing at the moon, for the moon itself”.  Before the beginning of heaven and earth, before the birth of the yin and the yang, the dark and the light, the tai chi, there is the wu chi – primordial emptiness. Desire is connected with the material world; the lack of desire is connected with the insubstantial.  Both are necessary, both emerge from emptiness; the darkness within the darkness is the gate to all mystery.\n\nThe Tao Te Ching is second only to the bible in the number of translations.  It is the foundation of Taoism and Taoist philosophy.  The principle message of the Tao is that the universe expresses itself in a way that can be divined by us, and that even in our imperfect understanding, we can attune ourselves to the Way and live gracefully and effortlessly.  This way of living or acting is called ‘wu-wei’, non-action or doing without doing.  The tree grows, the earth revolves around the sun, the seasons change – effortlessly.  And so, in coming to understand the Way, we can live without struggle and in harmony with the natural world. Of course there is much, much more to Taoism and the Tao Te Ching than this, but one can only expect so much from a fortune cookie.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9764381647109985}
{"content": "Rise Nutrition\n\nWhy Rise Nutrition?\n\nBased on your role, what makes Rise Nutrition stick out to you?\n\nAs a Coach\n\nTrack player workout information at the individual, position, or team level, Easily provide customized diet and workout suggestions to each athlete, scale to more individuals, allowing to stay up to date with more individuals, focusing on those who need assistance\n\nAs a Physician or Dietitian\n\nstay in communication with your players, discover trends as soon as they appear, provide scheduled suggestions through alerts and notifications\n\nAs an Athlete\n\nCustomized to your needs, compete against peers & earn rewards, track your progress, talk with your coaches and staff", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9645112156867981}
{"content": "Variety pack 2 x 5 kg\n\nProduct 1 of 14\n\nfrom incl. VAT - free shipping\nWeight: 10 kg 4,70 € /kg\n\nReady for shipping\n\nSpecify a correct value for this required field.\n\nSpecify a correct value for this required field.\n\nIt is cheaper\nproduct unmixed. Chose this article:\n\nVariety pack 2 x 5 kg\n\nPLATINUM dry dog food is the only complete dry dog food made out of 70 % human grade fresh meat. Pieces of meat are delicately cooked with rice or potato in their own juices; no water is added to the process. Then the food is carefully dehydrated. Vitamins, fats and oils are added in at room temperature, guaranteeing their natural state and therefore maintaining their full nutritional value.\n\nChoose between our varieties, you get 2 bags á 5 kg PLATINUM dry food.\n\nFood change:\n\nPlease note the following points when feeding:\n- Serve dry or slightly moistened with water.\n- Do not let the food soak for a long time, serve immediately.\n- Always provide your dog with fresh water.\n- Initially please feed using the lower recommended amount, only serve more if required.\n\nFor the daily feeding amounts and ingredients, please refer to the specific product pages.\n\nQuantity and expenses calculator for PLATINUM dry fog food\n\nCustomers who bought this product also bought:\n\n\nLiveZilla Live Chat Software", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9960254430770874}
{"content": "Our guides prepare food at Base Camp, but please bring a supply of your favourite snack food for the summit day. Please indicate any specific dietary requirements you may have on your application form. If you have particularly strict dietary requirements, youre advised to bring a supply of your own required food types with you to ensure you are provided for during the expedition, since this cannot be guaranteed in a group cooking scenario.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000087022781372}
{"content": "Find valuable information.\n\n\nView the relevant questions below:\n\nHaving problems with your experiment?  Visit our\n\nTroubleshooting page\n\nCryopreserved Hepatocytes\n\nCryopreserved hepatocytes are shipped in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen contained in a non-hazardous container called a dry liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapor shipper or dewar. The internal temperature of the dewar is maintained between –140 degrees C and –160 degrees C, generally for up to 7–10 days if unopened. Once hepatocytes are received and transferred to a long term LN2 dewar in the laboratory, dewars are returned to the address listed on the pre-paid return shipping label for reuse. \n\nUpon receipt of a shipment of cryopreserved hepatocytes, carefully and quickly transfer the vials to the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen and keep at –135 degrees C or below until use. Any increase in the temperature of the cryovials before an experiment threatens the viability, functionality, and activity of the hepatocytes.\n\nThe HepExtend Media Kit contains the HepExtend Supplement as well as Williams E Medium, 500 mL and the Hepatocyte Maintenance Supplement Packs which are all the components needed to make the complete medium for hepatocyte culture.\n\nIf properly stored, cryopreserved hepatocytes can be maintained in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen (–135 degrees C or below) for several years. This makes them ideal for a series of experiments conducted over many months.\n\nUnlike immortalized cell lines, hepatocytes are primary cells that cannot be cultured indefinitely. The use of thawed suspension hepatocytes should be limited to short-term experiments with a maximum of 4–6 hour incubations. Plateable hepatocytes, which attach to collagen-coated plasticware in culture media, are generally metabolically active for anywhere from 2–7 days depending on which assay they are qualified for use with.\n\nWe source liver tissue from a network of hospitals in North America that perform surgical resections on living donors, as well as from deceased donors whose organs were rejected for transplant.\n\nYes, we comply with country-specific legal and ethical standards for procurement of human liver tissue, including the global ICH Guidelines, and the US’s HIPAA, Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, National Organ Transplant Act, and Hospital Internal Review Board (IRB) approval processes.\n\nA service level agreement (SLA) is required ONLY if you are working in a laboratory in the European Union. An SLA is designed to comply with the UK’s Human Tissue Authority (HTA) regulations and outlines the scope of use for human biologicals. \n\nNo. The overlay will interfere with transfection. For transfection assays, we recommend that you perform the transfection first, and then proceed to overlay the cells.\n\nOur hepatocytes are prequalified and sold according to application, such as induction, short-term metabolism, and transporter uptake. If you require cells with particular P450 values or donor specifications, please contact our Hepatic Biology Tech Support Team to help with specific lot recommendations. \n\nThe “5-Donor” Human Plateable Hepatocytes are a pooled population of plateable primary hepatocytes produced by combining cells from 5 individual donors in a single vial. The cells are provided in a cryopreserved format similar to single-donor plateable hepatocytes and have been shown to have approximately equal representation of each donor when plated. Pooling donors helps to minimize lot-to-lot variation and improves predictability of drug metabolism studies and other biological assays.\n\nHepatocytes need to be plated on collagen I-coated culture vessels.\n\nHepExtend Supplement (50X) is an enriched supplement designed to enhance the culture lifespan (cell viability, function, and number of days in culture) of cryopreserved primary hepatocytes. We recommend using the supplement in conjunction with William’s E Medium and the Hepatocyte Maintenance Supplement Pack following the recommended hepatocyte culture methods. When cultured in the presence of the HepExtend Supplement, primary human hepatocyte lots will live and be functional for 10 days or longer depending on the lot of cells and other assay conditions. HepExtend Supplement does not contain growth factors, cytokines, fetal bovine serum, or pharmaceutical small molecules that are known to interfere with primary hepatocyte function.\n\nWe recommend putting the HepExtend Supplement through no more than two freeze/thaw cycles. Therefore, we recommend that HepExtend Supplement be thawed and divided into single-use aliquots, which are then stored in a non–frost-free freezer at –20°C to –5°C.\n\nHepExtend Supplement does not contain growth factors, cytokines, FBS, or pharmaceutical small molecules. However, it does contain small amounts of BSA (0.12375g/mL at 50X).\n\nHepExtend Supplement is compatible with current hepatocyte culturing methods and instrumentation and therefore, we recommend following the Thawing and Plating Cryopreserved Hepatocytes protocol.\n\nWe recommend that HepExtend Supplement be used to keep hepatocytes in culture for up to 10 days, and it has been shown to work on approximately 80% of human lots tested—including metabolism-qualified, induction-qualified, and transporter-qualified lots.\n\nAt this time, HepExtend Supplement has only been tested on cryopreserved human hepatocytes; we therefore cannot recommend using this supplement on other species.\n\n\nTransporter Products\n\nPrepared from Sf9 cells which have been engineered to over-express specific ABC transporters, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) Transporter Vesicles are “inside-out” vesicles designed for use in vesicular transport assays. They allow the investigation of possible interactions between specific ABC transporters and test compounds. ABC Transporter Vesicles provide high levels of transporter activity with low background, giving a clear signal if the test compound is a substrate or inhibitor of a specific efflux transporter.\n\nWhile ABC transporters typically mediate the efflux of substrates from cells, transporters expressed on these inside-out vesicles import substrates into the vesicles. It is therefore possible to quantitatively evaluate transport activity for the test compound by determining the amount incorporated into the vesicles.\n\nNote: One vial of vesicle product can perform 50 vesicular transport assays.\n\nThe quantity supplied is 2.5 mg total protein/500 µL per vial. The protein concentration is 5 mg/mL. When our recommended protocol is followed, 50 vesicular transport assays or 125 ATPase assays can be performed with one vial of ABC Transporter Vesicles product.\n\nTRANSiPORT human SLC transporter cells are HEK293 cells that transiently overexpress a solute carrier (SLC) transporter protein. Solute carriers are one of two superfamilies of membrane transporters that can affect pharmacokinetics and drug exposure by governing the transport of solutes into and out of cells. Membrane transporters are found in hepatic cells, kidney proximal tubule cells, intestinal cells, and brain cells.\n\nDomestic shipments are on dry ice and shipped overnight. We ask our customers to store the product under liquid nitrogen after they receive it. International shipments are under liquid nitrogen conditions.\n\nOne vial contains 8–12 million cells with high viability, designed to seed one 24-well plate for single use.\n\nCell-based assays can be performed using radioisotope-labeled compounds, fluorescence-labeled compounds, or non-labeled compounds. The amount of substrate transported into the cells can be measured directly using a liquid scintillation counter, fluorescence plate reader, or LC-MS/MS, thereby allowing direct evaluation of SLC transporter activity.\n\nMock HEK293 cells that do not overexpress the SLC transporter are available for use as a negative experimental control. Some compounds may demonstrate high background levels of SLC transport due to the presence of endogenous transporters or non-specific binding.\n\nHepaRG Cells\n\nHepaRG cells are a human hepatic progenitor cell line that retains many characteristics of primary human hepatocytes. HepaRG cells are terminally differentiated and provided in a convenient cryopreserved format. For scientists who need reproducible metabolism data, HepaRG cells are an in vitro tool that provides reproducible results in a metabolically complete and scalable system.\n\nThe HepaRG cells are available as cryopreserved cells in vials. They are shipped in dry ice for an overnight delivery or in a vapor phase nitrogen container for longer shipments.\n\nUpon receipt, cryovials must be stored in liquid or vapor phase nitrogen.\n\nThe cells are licensed for single-use applications.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8377622961997986}
{"content": "Leaves Changing Color Worksheet\n\nUploaded by Crystal Davis under Coloring Worksheets [94 views ]\n\n\nworksheets for kids coloring with free color cut and paste worksheets Leaves Changing Color Worksheet\nLeaves Changing Color Worksheet coloring grammar worksheets on drone worksheet coloring page math color worksheets 2nd grade for can you color a mole worksheet fall coloring worksheets free\n\nfood groups coloring worksheet with math color worksheets for labor day Leaves Changing Color Worksheet\nLeaves Changing Color Worksheet green coloring worksheet with pokemon sylveon color worksheet resistor color code worksheet 2 plus color worksheet for 4 year old context clues coloring worksheet\ncolor by direction worksheets with train 2 d shape coloring worksheet Leaves Changing Color Worksheet\nLeaves Changing Color Worksheet rounding color worksheets also measuring angles coloring worksheet fall number color worksheets prek plus the sun earth moon color worksheet candy corn coloring worksheet\ncolor worksheets for kinder on color math worksheet for 6th grade Leaves Changing Color Worksheet\nLeaves Changing Color Worksheet echinoderm coloring worksheet under esl kindergarten colors worksheet counting by 2’s coloring worksheet on color worksheet for the name stella coloring by code worksheets\n\nAnother way to stimulate a child is to have the right tool or preschool worksheets in developing their mental ability. We shouldn’t underestimate their small brain by thinking that it’s not time for them to learn such things. Ages 3-6 are just perfect years for them to gain knowledge and education. Basic things such as shapes, colors, countings, letters and sounds are easily recognize even by toddlers. Not only that their memories are sharpened but they can easily imitate and recognize sounds that they hear.\n\nMost children inherit their parent’s talents and skills such as singing, writing, speaking, painting and etc. If we observe our child manifesting such abilities we should then be more encourage to help them develop those skills right at their early age. Inherited skills are easier to stimulate.\n\nFree Color Matching Worksheets\n\nEnglish for Beginners Worksheets\n\nAbc Coloring Worksheets for...\n\nFree Fraction Coloring Worksheets\n\nPrintable Pages for Kids\n\nColoring Pages Animals and...\n\nhit counter html code", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9018316864967346}
{"content": "\n\nThe 200th anniversary of Karl Marx's birthday meant a lot of things to a lot of very different people. Over the weekend authorities in the western German town of Trier, where Marx was born in 1818, unveiled a giant Chinese-made statue of the philosopher. It drew both cheering supporters from Germany's fringe Communist Party and a motley group of protesters.\n\n“We now have 30 years of distance from reunification,\" said the town's mayor, Wolfram Leibe. And as the memory of the former East Germany recedes further into the past, he said, it \"gives us the possibility to look at Marx with a critical eye, without prejudice.\" Critics said he was more interested in the influx of tourists coming to Trier and the revenue their Marxist pilgrimages generate. (Who was it who said something about history repeating itself as farce?)\n\nTrier, Germany is hosting a party for the 200th birthday of philosopher Karl Marx, but some see one of the gifts as cause for concern.\n\nAuthorities in China, the last major nation run by a government that lays claim to Marx's ideological legacy, eulogized the co-author of the “Communist Manifesto\" and “Capital.\" President Xi Jinping described Marx as “the greatest thinker of modern times,\" while state media rolled out a slick TV campaign declaring “Marx was Correct.\" Even as the People's Republic drifts further away from its Maoist moorings — and as Xi styles himself abroad as a defender of the capitalist order — his government is trying to cultivate loyalty to Marx as part of a broader nationalist platform.\n\nIn the West, conservative politicians and writers railed against the violent communist regimes that took power in Marx's name, highlighting the oppression and misery that characterized their rule.\n\nMeanwhile, German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier sounded a more careful note. “We shouldn’t fear Marx, but we don’t need to build any golden statues to him either,” he said last week.\n\nAmid all the noise, one central theme was clear: Whatever you think of him, Marx still matters. The Economist, a British publication that has spent decades sparring with Marxism's disciples, ran a lengthy story this past week arguing that world leaders should still be reading him.\n\nThe political demise of the Soviet Union did nothing to diminish the value of Marx's understanding of the forces of capitalism. Indeed, it seems ever more relevant as countries around the world grapple with widening social inequity. Marx's belief in the ideal of a classless society may have made him into the bearded boogeyman of anti-communists, but his economic analysis remains rather uncontroversial.\n\n“Educated liberal opinion is today more or less unanimous in its agreement that Marx’s basic thesis — that capitalism is driven by a deeply divisive class struggle in which the ruling-class minority appropriates the surplus labor of the working-class majority as profit — is correct,\" philosopher Jason Barker wrote for the New York Times.\n\nThe aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis led to the steady rise of populist movements of various stripes in the West, along with a wider realization that the havoc unleashed by bankers was not a bug but a feature of the system. “The post-war consensus that shifted power from capital to labor and produced a 'great compression' in living standards is fading,\" the Economist noted. “Globalization and the rise of a virtual economy are producing a version of capitalism that once more seems to be out of control.\"\n\nYou can see the rapaciousness of that system in the withering away of the welfare state in many countries, in the growing concentration of wealth among the global megarich and in the deepening adversity facing a generation of people whose parents were once comfortably in the middle class.\n\nMarx would arguably take a look at the West in its current state, where tech companies find new ways to make assets out of human labor, and see echoes of the moment that gave birth to his ideas. “It is the Marx of the 19th century who can attract the people of the twenty-first,\" Sven-Eric Liedman wrote in a new biography of Marx.\n\n“The gig economy is assembling a reserve force of atomized laborers who wait to be summoned, via electronic foremen, to deliver people’s food, clean their houses or act as their chauffeurs,\" the Economist elaborated. “In Britain house prices are so high that people under 45 have little hope of buying them. Most American workers say they have just a few hundred dollars in the bank. Marx’s proletariat is being reborn as the precariat.\"\n\nOf course, while the Marxist diagnosis of the prevailing order is still useful, Marxist prescriptions may offer a lot less. “We need Marx to help us understand the state we’re in,\" wrote the Guardian's Stuart Jeffries, “though that is only a prelude to the bigger struggle, for which his writings are less helpful: namely, how to get out of it.\"\n\nIt's not surprising that Marx is gaining far less attention in societies where politicians ruled under the banner of communism. “The official stance is that his revolutionary ideas brought misfortune to the Russian people,” Lev Gudkov, director of the independent Levada Center polling institute, said to the Moscow Times last week. “Russians have all but forgotten him.”\n\nAnd despite the propaganda of China's rulers, the 200th anniversary of Marx's birth isn't likely to lead to an ideological awakening in China's deeply materialistic society.\n\n“It’s extremely hard to push Marxism in modern China especially in this internet era. What it presents is severely unrealistic,” Zhang Lifan, a Beijing-based independent political analyst, said to the Associated Press. “Even inside China, I believe most party members don’t understand or believe in Marxism anymore. Instead, they just use it as a tool for promotion.”\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5187933444976807}
{"content": "We gratefully acknowledge support from\nthe Simons Foundation and member institutions.\nFull-text links:\n\n\nCurrent browse context:\n\n\nChange to browse by:\n\nReferences & Citations\n\n\n(what is this?)\n\nPhysics > Plasma Physics\n\nTitle: How to generate intense isolated attosecond pulses from relativistic plasma mirrors?\n\nAbstract: Doppler harmonic generation of a high-power laser on a relativistic plasma mirror is a promising path to produce bright attosecond light bursts. Yet, a major challenge has been to find a way to generate isolated attosecond pulses, better suited to timed-resolved experiments, rather than trains of pulses. A promising technique is the attosecond lighthouse effect, which consists in imprinting different propagation directions to successive attosecond pulses of the train, and then spatially filtering one pulse in the far field. However, in the relativistic regime, plasma mirrors get curved by the radiation pressure of the incident laser and thus focus the generated harmonic beams. This increases the harmonic beam divergence and makes it difficult to separate the attosecond pulses angularly. In this article, we propose two novel techniques readily applicable in experiments to significantly reduce the divergence of Doppler harmonics, and achieve the generation of isolated attosecond pulses from the lighthouse effect without requiring few-cycle laser pulses. Their validity is demonstrated using state-of-the-art simulations, which show that isolated attosecond pulses with $10$TW peak power in the X-UV range can be generated with PW-class lasers. These techniques can equally be applied to other generation mechanisms to alleviate the constraints on the duration on the laser pulses needed to generate isolated attosecond pulses.\nComments: 15 pages, 13 figures\nJournal reference: Phys. Rev. Research 2, 043007 (2020)\nDOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043007\nCite as: arXiv:2003.13568 [physics.plasm-ph]\n  (or arXiv:2003.13568v1 [physics.plasm-ph] for this version)\n\nSubmission history\n\nFrom: Henri Vincenti [view email]\n[v1] Mon, 30 Mar 2020 15:45:45 GMT (1547kb,D)\n\nLink back to: arXiv, form interface, contact.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6255050897598267}
{"content": "A watercolor artist in Tuscany\n\n\n\n\n\n\nGoldsmithing in Florence\n\nGoldsmith worksops on the Ponte Vecchio Florence\nGoldsmith worksops on the Ponte Vecchio Florence\n\nGoldsmithing in Florence was first practiced in monasteries and abbeys during the middle age, with the production of sacred objects such as reliquaries, crosses, chalices…\n\nThe Republic of Florence introduced its own currency in 1252, the Gold Florin, gaining a significant role in the whole Europe. This led to the development of a successful goldsmithing that culminated during the Renaissance, when it was common for painters and sculptors to start their apprentices in jewelry workshops. Still to day the art of goldsmithing is very dynamic in Florence, in particular on Ponte Vecchio.\n\nOne of the first extraordinary example of the art of goldsmithing in Florence is the Treasure that was commissioned in 1366. It was assigned to a range of participants and famous goldsmiths, such as Leonardo di ser Giovanni, Michele di Monte, Tommaso Ghiberti, Matteo di Giovanni, Bernardo Cennini, Antonio del Pollaiolo e Andrea del Verrocchio, worked on the creation of this masterpiece, that required more than 100 years of work. 400 kg of silver and 1050 enabled plates. Today, this unique goldsmithing example is preserved, inside a showcase, in the Treasury Room of the Opera Duomo Museum.\n\nGoldsmith's masterpiece The Treasure Museo del Opera del Duomo Florence\nGoldsmith’s masterpiece The Treasure Museo del Opera del Duomo Florence\n\nLater on, during the 15th and 16th century, many of the sculptors, artists and architects of the Renaissance often had their initial training in goldsmith studios. Brunelleschi, Donatello, Ghiberti, Botticelli and Verocchio (Leonardo da Vinci’s master) are just a handful of the many who began as goldsmiths before creating the Renaissance’s greatest buildings and most memorable sculptures and paintings. In 1565, Benvenuto Cellini, the sculptor of the “Perseus and the head of Medusa” on Piazza della Signoria, wrote his autobiography, in which he describes techniques, tools and materials used at that time, a book still used by many jewelry artisans today.\n\nBenvenuto Cellini Perseus and Medusa Florence\nBenvenuto Cellini Perseus and Medusa Florence\n\nAt the end of the 16th century Under Gran Duke Francesco 1er, the goldsmithing workshops were opened in the Uffizzi, but it is in 1593 that his successor Ferdinando 1er ordered the Ponte Vecchio to be entirely devoted to gold shops and laboratories In the 19th century a little fountain with the bust of Benvenuto Cellini by the sculptor Raffaello Romanelli was placed on the terrace in the middle of the bridge. Still today, Italy, and Tuscany is one of the top designers and producers of fine gold jewelry in the world.\n\nStaying in Palazzo Larderel, you will be able to discover and admire the past and current talented artisan goldsmiths in Florence.\n\nThe gardens of Villa le Barone in Tuscany: Fragrances, sounds, flavors, views\n\nVilla le Barone’s gardens: stupendous views on Chianti hills and fragrant roses\n\n The gardens of Villa le Barone in Chianti Tuscany, are full of perfumes that will enchant your nose, whatever the season. The other senses are also solicited: the sight with the views on the wonderful landscapes of the Chianti hills, the hearing with the bird’s songs and the bells of the nearby church (but they stop during the night!), the taste with all the flavors of the Tuscan cuisine.\n\nThere are of course the roses, blooming in all seasons, the honeysuckles, which climb here and there and exhale their delicate perfume, the different odorous jasmine, and you will certainly particularly enjoy the large, deep green foliage and profuse white and very fragrant flowers of the poet jasmine. You will love the scent of verbena leaves by crumpling them between your fingers! At the end of June the lilies are in full bloom, and their fragrance make the garden a delight!\nAnd of course there are all the scents of aromatic plants that perfume the Tuscan cuisine and that you can enjoy in our restaurant! Rosemary, basil, tarragon, different species of thyme, sage (do you know there are more than 100 different species of sage?) are widely used by our Tuscan cooks. We have also created in one of the gardens an angle where you can discover about a hundred aromatic herbs. Near the “Fattoria”, there is a massive lavender, where butterflies come to flit.\n\nVilla le Barone’s gardens: fragrant lilies\n\nAnd what views, whether of the pool, tennis or gardens! Your eyes will be captivated by the enchanting vistas on the Chianti hills, with their vineyards and olive groves. What’s better than to be soothed by the sound of water, to hear the birds and the sound of the bells of the neighboring church San Leolino while having a light lunch on the terrace under the centennials chestnuts?\n\nCome and experience the scents of Villa le Barone’s gardens, come and admire its unique views, come and taste the wines of Chianti and Tuscan cuisine, come and listen to the song of birds! Come and relax in this privileged environment!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9668746590614319}
{"content": "Offbeat Video\n\nBy Randal Coombs\n\nA dust devil wrapped itself around a palm tree, almost turning it sideways. \n\nZak Norgren was walking through downtown Phoenix, Arizona, on June 3 when he spotted the unusual weather phenomenon.\n\nApproaching the dust devil, the sand and wind wrapped around the high leaves of the tree and in a matter of seconds almost pulled the top to a 90 degree angle.\n\nZak said: “The whole event only lasted 10-15 seconds, but I was in awe.\n\n“The whole top of a 90’ palm tree was caught in the vortex, spinning around at what seemed an impossible angle and speed.\n\n“I’ve never seen this type of interaction, but we get these things every summer \n\n“They can be small or huge, but almost always do damage with winds from 30-50 mph pushing down garbage cans and breaking tree branches \n\n“This disturbance was the same one that spawned tornados in the plains the next day.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9856328368186951}
{"content": "So far I've told you that mutation modifies the existing object. But you can't really see the difference from what we've done with strings. Where we'll really see the difference is when we introduce a new variable. Let's go back to the example we had before, and now we're going to add an extra assignment statement, and we'll introduce a new variable. Suppose we introduce the variable \"q.\" And we assign p to q, and that means the value of p, which is the object that's this list, is now what q will refer to. The important thing here is after the assignment, p and q refer to the same list. Suppose we did an assignment statement to modify the value of one of the elements of q. Well, that will change element 4 of q, so this is element 4 of q. It will change that value to the new exclamation point. It also changed the value of p. Even though the assignment statement didn't include p, the fact that p and q refer to the same object means that it changed the value of p. To show you that things are different with strings, let's try that with a string. See if you can guess what happens when we try to use assignment to replace the first letter in the string. Let's run it to see what happens. And what we get is an error, and we get an error because the string is not mutable. There's no way to change the value of the string, and the error says there's no way to do assignment in a string, that that type of object, because it's immutable, does not support assignment. A key difference between mutable objects and immutable objects is once an object is mutable, then we have to worry about other variables that might refer to the same object. We can change the value of that object, and it affects not just the variable that we think we changed, it affects the value of other variables as well. Let's see an example of that. I've initialized p to the list containing the strings \"Hello.\" Now I have an assignment that introduces the new variable q and assigns p to that variable. And we'll print out the values of p and q, and we'll see that both p and q contain the string Hello. But now let's change the value at position 0. Now we have an assignment that stores in the value at position 0 of p the letter y. This changes the value of p. What may be more surprising is this also changes the value of q. Even though we didn't use q in the assignment, it changed the value of q because q refers to the same object as p.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9892433881759644}
{"content": "Quick Answer: Which Is The Most Difficult Medical Specialty?\n\nWhat is the easiest surgical specialty?\n\n\nWhat is the most easiest doctor to become?\n\n\nWhat is the hardest doctor to become?\n\n\nAre all doctors rich?\n\n\nWhat are the 3 most painful surgeries?\n\n\nWho is the richest doctor in the world?\n\n\nWhich doctors earn most?\n\n\nWhat is the least stressful doctor job?\n\n\nWhat is the lowest paid type of doctor?\n\n5 highest and lowest paying medical specialties. Neurosurgeons had the highest average annual salary in 2017 at $662,755, while pedatric infectious disease physicians had the lowest at $191,735 according to Doximity’s second annual Physician Compensation Report.\n\nIs 27 too old for medical school?\n\n27 is not old in the slightest. Most students will be like 2-3 years younger than you at most. I think you’ll find out that you will never really “feel” that different. You will still be yourself.\n\nWhat is the riskiest cosmetic surgery?\n\nA procedure that’s been all over the headlines for the wrong reasons in 2018, the Brazilian Bum Lift (BBL) has been cited by the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (BAAPS) as having the highest rate of death for any aesthetic procedure, with as many as one in 3,000 patients dying as a result of the …\n\nWhat is the most prestigious medical specialty?\n\nNeurosurgery and thoracic surgery were the highest paying medical specialties in 2019, with average salaries north of $550,000, according to a new physician employment report from Doximity. Orthopedic surgery, radiation oncology and vascular surgery rounded out the top five.\n\nHow old is the oldest medical student?\n\n\nWhich is the most difficult surgery?\n\n\nWhat are the smartest doctors?\n\nThe Smartest Doctor in the WorldEric Topol, M.D.Mike Cadogan, M.D.Berci Mesko, M.D.Pieter Kubben, M.D.Peter Diamantis, M.D.Cameron Powell, M.D.Iltifat Husain, M.D.Sumer Sethi, M.D.More items…•\n\nWhich country has best doctors?\n\n\nWhich country pays doctors most?\n\n\nWhat is the hardest year of medical school?\n\nWhat is HARDEST YEAR OF MEDICAL SCHOOL?1st Year. Votes: 116 41.9%2nd Year. Votes: 102 36.8%3rd Year. Votes: 54 19.5%4th Year. Votes: 5 1.8%", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9710738658905029}
{"content": "Reset A A Font size: Print\n\nCourt of Appeal, Second District, Division 1, California.\n\nThe PEOPLE of the State of California, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Sy MEJIA, Defendant and Appellant.\n\nCr. 15905.\n\nDecided: April 30, 1969\n\nRichard H. Levin, Los Angeles, by appointment of the Court of Appeal, for appellant. Thomas C. Lynch, Atty. Gen., William E. James, Asst. Atty. Gen., and George J. Roth, Deputy Atty. Gen., for respondent.\n\nDefendant was charged with a violation of the Dangerous Weapons Control Act (s 12021, Pen.Code) and three prior felony convictions (Dyer Act (1946); violations, section 211, Penal Code (1947), section 11500, Health and Safety Code (1953)). After his arraignment defendant moved to suppress the evidence under section 1538.5, Penal Code, and to dismiss under section 995, Penal Code; both motions were denied. Defendant then entered a plea of not guilty. By stipulation the cause was submitted on the transcript of the testimony taken at the preliminary hearing. After the commencement of the trial, the court had read and considered the transcript and the People had rested their case defendant sought to reargue the issue of unlawful search and seizure; noting that a motion to suppress the evidence pursuant to section 1538.5, Penal Code, and a motion to dismiss under section 995, Penal Code, had been made prior to trial and denied, the trial court refused to permit the reargument. Defendant was found guilty as charged; the court made no finding on the allegations of the three prior felony convictions. Defendant appeals from the judgment.\n\nAround 12:30 in the morning on March 21, 1968, several police vehicles responded to ‘a burglary there now’ radio call; they arrived at the location within five minutes. About 75 feet from the location where the burglary was reported to be in progress Officer Michael saw defendant walking on the street away from the premises; no other pedestrians were in the area. Defendant was illuminated by a spotlight from the black and white police vehicle but he paid no attention to it and continued walking carrying a coat over his left arm and a package beneath the coat. Officer Michael got out of the police car approximately 25 feet behind defendant and started to follow him; another officer got out in front of defendant and told him to ‘Hold it for a minute.’ Defendant then walked toward the curb and the officer and as he did so dropped the package from his left side which, when it hit the curb and parkway, made a metallic sound and split open, and continued walking. Officer Michael was five to ten feet behind defendant; when he ‘got there’—where the package lay—it was split open revealing the grips of a weapon, portions of a clip and .45 caliber rounds; he then arrested defendant on suspicion of burglary after which he picked up the package, which lay about four feet from where he had arrested defendant, made an examination of the contents and found a .45 caliber automatic. Defendant denied ‘knowledge of possession of the package.’ Officer Gelb made an examination of the fingerprints on the gun and identified them as belonging to defendant; an abstract of judgment reflected that on August 15, 1958, defendant was sentenced to the state prison pursuant to a plea of guilty to a violation of section 211, Penal Code.\n\nDefendant took the witness stand and very briefly testified that ‘this particular firearm’ was not his personal property.\n\nAppellant's main contention is that the evidence was obtained by an unlawful search and seizure. Prior to trial defendant did not seek appellate review of the court's denial of his pre-trial motion to suppress the evidence by way of petition for writ of mandate or prohibition (s 1538.5, subd. (i), Pen.Code) but, believing that subsection (n) of section 1538.5 permitted him to do so, during the trial after the People rested their case attempted to raise the issue of unlawful arrest, search and seizure and direct an argument thereto. Commenting that pre-trial motions under sections 1538.5 and 995, Penal Code, had been made and denied, the trial court stated it would ‘entertain no further argument as to those issues * * * raised at the time of 1538.5 and 995.’ Defendant then abandoned his argument and took the stand on the merits of his defense denying that the weapon belonged to him. Appellant now says that he ‘specifically requested permission to renew the motion’ and that the ‘trial judge denied the motion that he be permitted to renew the motion to suppress.’ The record reveals neither a request for permission to renew defendant's motion to suppress the evidence nor a motion that he be permitted to renew it, and technically he did not make one but his attempt to direct an argument to the issue of unlawful arrest, search and seizure was sufficient to call the court's attention thereto. However, to say, as does appellant here, that the trial court failed to exercise its discretion in determining whether to grant a defense motion to renew the motion to suppress (if indeed it was a motion) is nonsense for the court did give serious consideration to his attempt to reargue the issue and decided not to permit another argument thereon. There is a clear exercise of discretion manifest in the record and not the arbitrary denial asserted by appellant. Moreover, his contention that he was arrested without probable cause and the gun was the product of an unlawful search and seizure is without merit.\n\nIt is readily apparent that in ordering defendant to ‘Hold it for a minute,’ the initial detention was intended by the officer to be but a temporary one for investigation only. Circumstances short of probable cause for an arrest may justify temporary detention of a person on the street late at night by an officer for the purpose of questioning. (People v. Mickelson, 59 Cal.2d 448, 450, 30 Cal.Rptr. 18, 380 P.2d 658; People v. Martin, 46 Cal.2d 106, 108, 293 P.2d 52; Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 88 S.Ct. 1868, 20 L.Ed.2d 889.) Here there was ample justification for ordering defendant to stop—the lateness of the hour, his close proximity to and movement away from the premises reported to have been burglarized with a package covered by a coat and his unusual behavior when illuminated by the police car spotlight; it was at this point the officer told him to ‘Hold it for a minute.’ ‘The circumstances which allow temporary detention are those which ‘indicate to a reasonable man in a like position that an investigation is necessary to the discharge of his duties.’ (People v. Gibson, 220 Cal.App.2d 15, 20, 33 Cal.Rptr. 775, 778.)' People v. Manis,a 268 Cal.App.2d 653, —-, 74 Cal.Rptr. 423, 426; People v. Piedra, 183 Cal.App.2d 760, 761—762, 7 Cal.Rptr. 152.) Had the officer not stopped defendant and sought an explanation of his peculiar conduct he would have been derelict in his duties. The evidence does not warrant a claim that initially the approach of the officers was for any purpose other than questioning; and their order to defendant to ‘hold it’ that they could investigate and talk to him does not constitute an arrest. (People v. Williams, 220 Cal.App.2d 108, 112—113, 33 Cal.Rptr. 765.)\n\nIt was not until defendant dropped the package, which made a metallic sound and split open revealing the contents when it hit the curb, and continued walking and Officer Michael, following a few feet behind, observed the package on the parkway to contain the grips of a weapon, portions of a clip and .45 caliber rounds, that defendant was arrested. Before the arrest the gun was not the product of any unlawful search and seizure; Officer Michael did not search to find the gun, nor did he pick it up. When he first observed the weapon it was partially exposed in the package split open on the parkway; it was in plain sight for all to see. The mere looking at that which is open to view is not a search. (People v. Nieto, 247 Cal.App.2d 364, 370, 55 Cal.Rptr. 546; Mardis v. Superior Court, In and For County of San Bernardino, 218 Cal.App.2d 70, 74—75, 32 Cal.Rptr. 263; People v. Spicer, 163 Cal.App.2d 678, 683, 329 P.2d 917; People v. West, 144 Cal.App.2d 214, 219—220, 300 P.2d 729.) As to the arrest there can be no question but that it was a lawful one. With defendant's unexpected conduct and Officer Michael's observation of the contents of the package, the officers' opportunity for further investigation ceased, and immediate action was required; under the circumstances Officer Michael could not be expected to do other than make the arrest. A peace officer may arrest a person without a warrant whenever he has reasonable cause to believe that the person to be arrested has committed a felony. (s 836, Pen.Code; People v. Lara, 67 Cal.2d 365, 374, 62 Cal.Rptr. 586, 432 P.2d 202; People v. Schader, 62 Cal.2d 716, 722, 44 Cal.Rptr. 193, 401 P.2d 665; People v. Ingle, 53 Cal.2d 407, 412, 2 Cal.Rptr. 14, 348 P.2d 577.) ‘Reasonable cause exists when the facts and circumstances within the knowledge of the officer ’* * * at the moment of the arrest would ‘warrant a man of reasonable caution in the belief’ that an offense had been committed. Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132, 162, 45 S.Ct. 280, 69 L.Ed. 543.' (Beck v. Ohio (1964) 379 U.S. 89, 96, 85 S.Ct. 223, 13 L.Ed.2d 142.)' (People v. Schader, 62 Cal.2d 716, 722, 44 Cal.Rptr. 193, 196, 401 P.2d 665, 668; People v. Cockrell, 63 Cal.2d 659, 665, 47 Cal.Rptr. 788, 408 P.2d 116.) Nor is there a valid issue of unlawful search and seizure because it was not until defendant was placed under arrest that Officer Michael picked up the package, closely examined the contents and retained the weapon (Exh. 3), and this he had a right to do for it was clearly incident to a lawful arrest; and if under such circumstances it can be said that Officer Michael's conduct in picking up the package from the public parkway constituted a search and seizure of the gun it was not ‘unreasonable’ within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. (People v. Lara, 67 Cal.2d 365, 373, 62 Cal.Rptr. 586, 432 P.2d 202; People v. Webb, 66 Cal.2d 107, 111—112, 56 Cal.Rptr. 902, 424 P.2d 342, 19 A.L.R.3d 708.) Whether the package had ever been in defendant's possession was, of course, a factual question and the holding that it had been was fully supported by defendant's fingerprints on the gun and Officer Michael's testimony that he saw defendant drop the package containing the weapon.\n\nFinally, appellant's reliance on Gascon v. Superior Court, In and For Los Angeles County, 169 Cal.App.2d 356, 337 P.2d 201, and Badillo v. Superior Court, In and For City and County of San Francisco, 46 Cal.2d 269, 294 P.2d 23, is misplaced. In Gascon the officers had threatened to illegally search the accused; in Badillo, the premises from which petitioner fled had been illegally entered by the investigating officer. Thus, in both cases ‘the petitioner was fleeing from the attempted illegal invasion of his constitutional rights.’ (Gascon v. Superior Court, In and For Los Angeles County, 169 Cal.App.2d 356, 359, 337 P.2d 201, 202.) In the instant case there was no statement or act indicating any illegal invasion of defendant's rights. In the light of ‘the presumption that official duty will be regularly performed’ (People v. Piedra, 183 Cal.App.2d 760, 762, 7 Cal.Rptr. 152, 153), any suggestion that there was an implied threat of illegal search or unlawful arrest by the officers in ordering defendant to stop for the purpose of investigation, is wholly unwarranted on the record before us.\n\nThe judgment is affirmed.\n\n\nFOOTNOTE.  FNa. Advance Report Citation: 268 A.C.A. 709, 715.\n\nLILLIE, Associate Justice.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6676965951919556}
{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nFunctional Genomics and Ecological Impact of Viral Infection in the Toxic Haptophyte Prymnesium polylepis\n\nFinal Report Summary - VINTPRYM (Functional Genomics and Ecological Impact of Viral Infection in the Toxic Haptophyte Prymnesium polylepis)\n\nViruses are the most abundant and diverse biological entities in the oceans. They infect all organisms from bacteria to whales making them an active and important component of the microbial loop because they regulate microbial mortality, production, community structure, and biogeochemical cycling. Each infection has the potential to introduce new genetic information into the host or into the reproduced viruses thereby driving the evolution of both host and viral assemblages and affecting the genetic diversity of microbial communities. Due to their immobility, viruses depend on passive movement to contact a suitable host. Consequently the encounter rate between a virus and a host is directly affected by their relative abundances and viral infection is more likely in a dense host population such as an algal bloom. Some algal blooms can also be harmful because they are composed of phytoplankton which produces toxins. These harmful algae blooms devastate yearly aquaculture, mollusc populations and shellfish worldwide. As the toxin accumulates along the food web some can even be harmful to human kind. Although marine viruses control blooms and shape the evolution of biodiversity in phytoplankton, little is known about the factors governing resistance and susceptibility of their hosts. Better understanding the host-virus interaction of marine phytoplankton is therefore necessary to properly address its impact on phytoplankton dynamics, socio-economic activities, and medical applications. The project VINTPRYM investigated two different aspects of haptophytes and their corresponding dsDNA viruses: 1) characterization of the abundance and diversity of Phycodnaviridae (large dsDNA viruses that infect marine or freshwater eukaryotic algae) and their potential haptophyte hosts. 2) Transcriptomic response of the haptophyte Prymnesium kappa to viral infection of HeV-RF02. The virus HeV-RF02 is one-of-a kind because it is one of the first marine viruses which can infect different phylogenetically distinct genera: P. kappa and Haptolina ericina. This research has been conducted at the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI).\nThe first task was accomplished by taking environmental samples along the Norwegian coast while on-board the RV Heinke during the He431 cruise in 2014. Host and virus diversity was estimated by amplification of specific molecular markers (18S rDNA, major capsid protein) and subsequent 454-sequencing. Preliminary analysis of four Fjord-systems revealed that over 50% are unknown or not identified viruses and less than 10% of the sequences belong to known haptophyte viruses, pointing out the need to isolate and bring more (and new) virus-host model systems into culture.\nFor the second task, studying differences in the transcriptomic response (what genes are active at a specific time point) of both host and virus during an infection cycle, I set up a 48h experiment of infected and non-infected P. kappa and H. ericina in triplicates and took samples every 3-6 hours for RNA extraction. Furthermore, samples were also taken for photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), growth rate, and TEM pictures (Transmission Electron Miscroscopy) to monitor the fitness of the host and the state of infection. High throughput sequencing of the RNA (RNA-Seq) via Illumina NextSeq paired-end was used. In total, 72 samples were pooled during library preparation, Currently, I am analysing these very big datasets to identify the function of over- and under-represented host genes during the infection. The combination of virus genome information and gene expression profiling will provide an understanding of the mechanisms of a successful infection. This project is the base for follow-up research: we can examine if there is a different infection strategy of the virus between the two different species; we can investigate what confers virus resistance to some strains and makes others susceptible; we can measure how biogeochemical fluxes are affected by viruses; and finally, we can inspect alterations in virus-host interactions due to change in environmental factors.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8938629031181335}
{"content": "Let’s be happy part 2\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLet’s be happy\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe story tells us even with imperfection, life is full of hope.\n\n\n\n\n\nONE-WAY Street\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThen there is the one-way street…\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPain Asks\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n80% of world’s persecuted are Christians, News Report say.\n\n\n\n\nScaling (what seems like) the Impossible\n\n\nSimple step: “For nothing is impossible with God.” Luke 1:37 Do you have an specific prayer request? Write it down so I can pray with you.\n\nEasier now?\n\nIf only that is so. “When the world and I were young, just yesterday, life was such a simple game, a child could play. It was easy then to tell truth from lies…” These words from a song are more than just sentiments. I used to like true or false tests cause they were easy. Not anymore.\n\nToday, even the innocence of children are preyed upon. There is this insidious incessant voice planting doubts, confusion and dissatisfaction with yourself, your identity, your color, size, gender. The only choice left seems to be “be yourself.” But which “self”?\n\nThen there is another problem. Self-deception is human nature, which usually wins. To be yourself is actually self-defeating. Just think of the many ways we try to self-define. There is the blurring of feeling and reality, past and present, style and substance, comfort and corruption, means and ends, fact and opinion, reason and desire, human and machine, freedom and depravity, compassion and bribery, safety and irresponsibility, science and indoctrination, tissue and fetus,… Oh, I hope I didn’t lose you with that long list. But I felt a knot in my stomach just running that list in my mind. You see that blurring confuses and clogs the brain.\n\nTo unclog, we need wisdom. It is the ability to discern that brings clarity. And how we need that since truth is not neutral. That is why aim for clarity first, not for agreement. Fluidity which erases the lines is not freedom but brings chaos. Fortunately, God draws all the lines to maintain clarity and order. And to erase the lines does the opposite.\n\nFor example, He divided the light from darkness since the beginning. Did you know the sun was created to mark the day and the moon to mark the night? Animals are distinguished from plants and animals differ in kind from each other. That is how we can tell if we are eating chicken or beef. Of course, they are distinct. Adam knew Eve was distinctly different, more similar to him than the animals. Note that God set the time of a week since creation. Imagine if we are free to count 8 days a week or call Monday a Sunday because we feel like it, because we have a right to our own time or because the differences are just man-made? The farmers who rely on this 52-week calendar knows it is not to be tampered with.\n\nHmmm… Let’s take a practical road test. How do we navigate the road when the basic markers are erased, when the individual decides to stop or go based on feelings or ideology? The scariest thing is what this will amount to – power without boundaries. Isn’t that a definition of evil? I’m sure I did not make that up either. God said, “Woe to those who call evil good and good evil …”(Isaiah 5:20).\n\nWithout true markers, woe to us. We lose the ability to think clearly which makes us easier to prey on. We also waste time and effort reconstructing the basics. Truths that are taught in the Bible and have been self-evident throughout civilization. What can we expect from chaos if not weakness and unhappiness? Without true markers, especially moral markers, evil reigns. Woe because we are lost.\n\n“Set them apart in the truth; your word is truth.” Jn 17:17\n\nSmall step: As you go forward, do you have to clear some clutter, I mean in your brain, heart and relationships, not just your closet? To have a more fruitful life, restore order and clarity, start making a list of markers you need to respect. And if you happen to uncover some lies you have, awesome. Remember, you are welcomed to share your list and bless others as well.\n\nIt Can Be Done\n\nDisappointments occur, at times daily. Maybe an unkind word meant to be a joke but it still hurts. Disagreements, shaming, unequal treatment, troubled past or feeling miserable that one cannot change the outcome of a bad decision.\n\nThe fact is one’s response to the hurt would make it worse than the hurt itself. We may not be responsible for what happened to us, but we are still responsible for how we respond to it. In reality, the past is for redemptive reflection, not for blaming or collecting. Why should we go about collecting “garbage” when there is no obligation to do so? Why must we expect perfection when there is simply no such thing? Why let pride dictate my response when pride always leads to a fall? Some responses like resentment, bitterness, envy, scoring, self-pity and self-doubt can eat us up, adding to the hurt. We could eventually find ourselves lonelier, weaker and feeling trapped.\n\nWhat to do now? Should I quit or move? Maybe it is not “where” but “what and how.” It could simply be realizing that we become what we respond to and how we respond to it. What if we choose to respond to what is true “and” eternal instead? Won’t we become truer and wiser? What if we ask what can this teach me and think of how to overcome? Won’t we become the architect instead of the victim?\n\nMaybe it is easier said than done? Actually, using this approach is so rewarding you would not even mind the effort. Remember Joseph who was sold to slavery by his brothers? He named his two sons Manasseh and Ephraim. The names meant “God has made me forget” and “God has made me fertile in the land of my affliction” respectively. These name reminded him over and over what’s true, what he chose to respond to. What a creative way to respond to his misfortunes, and so rewarding.\n\nWhat do you enjoy doing?\n\nAs much as receiving something is fun, creating something is much more fun and satisfying actually. Doing is creating. You might not realize this is part of being made in God’s image. Like Him, we can create, produce and make.\n\nDidn’t Jesus once said, it is “more” blessed to give than to receive? A life that creates what’s good, true and beautiful will be made more “blessed.” God wants to bless the producers and givers, not the sloth, selfish takers. Since He wants us to walk as Jesus walked, we are not fashioned after some prehistoric creature, but after the Creator of the universe. Like Him, our lives are to be about creating happiness, love and peace.\n\nI will follow…\nWe become who we follow…\n\nTechnically speaking, “to create” means “to make something out of nothing.” Now, we can make many and almost anything big and small for our enjoyment and benefit because He has already provided the materials. It is humbling but true that almost everything we see and use is made by someone. That includes you and me. Through procreation, our parents made us so now we are here. To “create” a person into existence! This is the closest we can get to the original creative act of God in Genesis 1:1. That isn’t just fun, it is awesome, incredulous, mind-blowing, etc.\n\nIf you realize that, life can never be boring or meaningless again. We can even recycle trash to make them useful again. What a metaphor of broken lives and dreams recreated in the hands of the Creator-Savior! Due to our foolishness we might have made things that destroy us: lies, naivete, vile and simplistic solutions. But we can start anew now.\n\nThe psalmist wrote God’s steadfast love and mercies are new every morning. Every day can become a new beginning. “Make love not war.” I like that slogan from the 60’s. What about you? What is it you want to “create”? Make someone laugh? Try me. I mean it. Put it in the comment section below. What else? Make money? Why not? Once there was a person who asked God for money. God gave him life with a “new heart” so he could work and make money for himself and to share with others. How about making the world a safe place? More on that in my next blog. \n\nSimple step: When you wake up in the morning, warm your stomach (coffee?), your heart (with these thoughts) then in “Christ-like” fashion, think what you want to “create” today. And what would you want God to create in you? How about new life in Christ? Don’t overthink. I’d love to hear how it eventually works out for you.\n\n(For more on God’s image, you are welcome to follow this up by reading the first chapter of my book Counseling the Heart.)\n\nThe strength in you\n\nWhy hide under a smile when your heart hurts. The world looks and feels different. The pain wants to shout to tear its way out. Instead, you feel trapped unexpectedly like a spider in its web. It might seem too late, but nothing is further from the truth than this.\n\nIn this world you have trouble and suffering, but take heart – I have overcome the world . John 16:33\n\n\nWhen the web of life you’ve built around you is also crumbling, at least you’ve realized your limit. This is actually good – the moment of truth. It is the truth you’ve forgotten or once defied. Multitasking, technological speed, compromising, skipping quiet time with God are just a few common ingredients in the mix. But they cannot make you bionic.\n\nWhat do we see when we look at the mirror now? A person with flesh and blood, not a fantasy heroine or hero. But someone with limitations.\n\nAccording to our Maker, a person does not and cannot live by bread alone, but by every Word from God. And Jesus is the ultimate revelation of God. He is the Word of God. God speaks to us through Him. He is the Vine and apart from Him, we the branches cannot bear fruit. His Spirit is the living water that will never cease. So His Spirit living in us is the strength we need in us.\n\nSmall steps: Feeling tired? Lost? Down? Why not thank God for letting you see your limits. Take the time to rest in His word, and in prayer surrender your burdens to HIm. He gives strength to those who calls Him. Do not rush. For they that wait upon Him shall renew their strength (Isaiah 40:31).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7002895474433899}
{"content": "Glory of the Roman Empire demo\n\nGlory of the Roman Empire is an empire-building simulation set during the height of the glorious Roman Empire. In the game, the player assumes the roles of city planner, governor and military leader. Successful players will need planning skills, economic savvy and - should those fail - military might. Glory of the Roman Empire will challenge gamers to grow a small village into a thriving community through trade with neighbors, while also expanding and defending its borders through more militaristic means. Players will need to focus on the physical and emotional health of the citizenry, as villagers age and mature under strong leadership, contributing to the development of more advanced societies and larger cities.Take on the role of the Roman Caesar as you play six missions designed to get you acclimated with running a Roman city.\nPrice USD 0\nLicense Free to try\nFile Size 512.13 MB\nOperating System Windows 2000 Windows 98 Windows Me Windows Windows XP\nSystem Requirements Windows 98/Me/2000/XP, 1.5GHz CPU, 256MB RAM, 32MB video card (GeForce 2MX/Radeon 9000+)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7931947708129883}
{"content": "Personal Theoretical Orientation\n\nI’m working on a Social Science question and need guidance to help me study.\n\nCreate a 10- to 12-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation describing your personal theoretical orientation. Include the following:\n\n  • Identify the theoretical orientation you will adhere to in your counseling practice.\n  • Discuss the major contributors to the development of this theory.\n  • Identify the major assumptions and key concepts of this theory.\n  • Identify your personal characteristics that are in alignment with this theory.\n  • Describe the techniques you are interested in using.\n  • Note how will you maintain a multicultural perspective when implementing this theory.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9638192653656006}
{"content": "Question: How Do You Check For A Bad Catalytic Converter?\n\nWhat are the 3 most leading failures of a catalytic converter?\n\nDiagnosing Converter Issues This is why it is important to identify the root cause of the failure and perform the repair prior to installing a new converter.\n\n\nCoated/oil-fouled substrate..\n\nHow much does it cost to fix the catalytic converter?\n\n\nCan a car run without a catalytic converter?\n\n\nWhat are the symptoms of a clogged exhaust?\n\n6 Signs and Symptoms of Exhaust Problems in Your CarDecreased Power and Acceleration. If you have a problem with your exhaust, it will begin to affect the performance of your engine. … Decreased Fuel Efficiency. … Burning Smell From the Engine Bay. … Hanging Exhaust Pipe. … Gas Smell.\n\nCan I unclog my catalytic converter?\n\nYou will be able to clean your catalytic converter, so long as it is not overly clogged. … You may be able to find a mechanic who specializes in your make and model of car who can unclog such a converter. There is a good chance that your converter is simply cracked or broken.\n\nWhat happens when your catalytic converter goes out?\n\nA bad catalytic converter will give off higher emissions than allowed by the state. So a car with a malfunctioning catalytic converter will not pass a vehicle inspection. And that means you won’t be able to drive your vehicle legally.\n\nHow long can you drive on a bad catalytic converter?\n\n\nWill a bad catalytic converter throw a code?\n\nBad cats will not throw any codes.\n\nWhat happens if I don’t replace my catalytic converter?\n\nWhen the converter first starts showing signs of failure, it will not immediately affect the engine. Left unchecked, however, it will eventually degrade and collapse, plugging the exhaust, which will choke vehicle performance and limit the life of the motor.\n\nWhat are the signs of a bad catalytic converter?\n\n\nWhat does a bad catalytic converter sound like?\n\n\nHow do I know if I have a bad o2 sensor or catalytic converter?\n\nCheck engine light turns on Usually, an illuminated check engine light is the first and only sign of a bad catalytic converter. When the light pops on, your car’s engine control module (ECM) will also store a diagnostic trouble code (often a P0420 code) in its memory.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9982288479804993}
{"content": "Dynamic EU building stock knowledge hub\n\n2020 - 2024\n\nDecarbonising Europe's building stock effectively in line with the EU's 2050 strategy and the European Green Deal depends on the data and knowledge available to European to local authorities and decision-makers for designing targeted frameworks and policies that take into account real-life building stock features and performances. The BuiltHub project seeks to make more comprehensive data on the EU building stock available by developing a structured and inclusive data collection approach accessible in an easy to use we-based datahub platform. Based on state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms and existing data sets as well as individual data providers, the platform will be able to analyse date to provide platform users and data providers with tailor-made information services to support informed decision making towards sustainability.\n\nCarsten Rothballer and Emilie Doran; emilie.doran@iclei.o\n\nBUILTHUB receives funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme under Grant Agreement 957026", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6331350803375244}
{"content": "The Hub of Being (62) Glossary\n\n\nThe difference between the right word and the almost-right word is like the difference between lightning and the lightning bug. ~ American author Mark Twain\n\n~ : approximately.\n\n\n3-age system: an archeological sequential periodization of human prehistory and early history, comprising the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.\n\n4D (aka spacetime): the 4 dimensions of everyday experience: 3 of space (3D) + 1 of time. See HD and ED.\n\n\nabiogenesis: the study of how life arose from inert matter.\n\nabstraction: a thought stream involving symbolic representations. Compare concept, idea.\n\nactuality: the world experienced sensorially. Contrast reality.\n\nacupuncture: a medical treatment of bodily stimulating lengyre pathways, typically via needles.\n\n\nAge of Enlightenment (aka Age of Reason): an intellectual movement in the 17th–18th centuries to reform society via reason, challenging concepts rooted in tradition and faith. The Age of Enlightenment was sparked in the late 17th century by various philosophers, notably Spinoza, Locke, and Voltaire, along with Newton. The Scientific Revolution occurred concomitant with Enlightenment.\n\naltricial: animal species that are relatively immature and immobile at birth or hatching, and so require parental care. Many mammal species are altricial. Contrast precocial.\n\n\n\n\nanticipate: to make some preparation for an expectation.\n\n\napriorism: an assumption (a priori principle).\n\narachnid: the Arachnida class of invertebrates, with 8 jointed legs. There are over 100,000 named species, including spiders, harvestmen (aka opiliones, daddy longlegs), scorpions, solifuges (aka camel spiders, wind spiders), ticks, and mites.\n\narcminute: an angular measurement of 1/60th of 1°.\n\n\narthropod: an invertebrate with an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages. Arachnids, crustaceans, and insects are arthropods. There are an estimated 6 million distinct arthropods. Arthropods comprise over 75% of animal species.\n\nashram: a secluded building used for Hindu religious instruction.\n\nasleep (aka sleep): the state of consciousness where the body is in repose, not dreaming.\n\nastral (theosophy): a supersensible extra-dimensional plane of existence.\n\natheistic naturalism: the belief that there is no God, only the material natural world.\n\n\nawake: the state of consciousness where the body is interactively receptive to stimuli and the mind is ecologically aware.\n\nawareness: the quality of being conscious in the present moment.\n\naxiom: an assumed self-evident truth requiring no proof.\n\n\nbacteria (singular: bacterium): a domain and kingdom of single-celled prokaryotes, abundant in most ecosystems. Bacteria play vital roles in various facets of the biosphere.\n\nBeelzebub: a demon; in the Bible, another name for Satan.\n\n\nBernoulli’s principle: a fluid-dynamics principle that a speed increase of fluid transpires with a decrease in pressure or a drop in the fluid’s potential energy; named after Daniel Bernoulli, who described the principle in 1738.\n\nBhagavad Gita (~5th–2nd century bce): a Hindu text of a dialogue between Indian prince Arjuna and his guide and charioteer Lord Krishna.\n\n\nbinocular vision: the vision capability in an animal with 2 eyes to perceive a 3D image. See peripheral vision.\n\n\nbiology: the science of life.\n\nbiota: the organisms in an environment.\n\n\nboson: a quantum that carries a fundamental force according to quantum physics’ Standard Model; named after Satyendra Bose. Contrast fermion.\n\n\nbrain: an animal organ central to nervous systems, located within the head.\n\nBronze Age (~3300–1300 bce): the middle period of the 3-age system, noted for the metallurgical production of bronze; the Stone Age preceded, the Iron Age followed.\n\n\ncalculus: the mathematical study of change.\n\ncaloric theory: an obsolete theory that considers heat as a self-repellent fluid (called caloric) that flows from hotter bodies to colder bodies. Caloric was also thought of as weightless gas which could pass through presume pores in liquids and solids. Caloric theory was ousted by thermodynamics, a mechanical theory of heat, in the mid-19th century.\n\n\ncategory: a group of related concepts.\n\n\n\n\ncerebellum: a region of the vertebrate brain instrumental in balance and motor control.\n\nchakra: a lengyre center within an organism.\n\nchameleon: a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards, with over 200 species. Many chameleons can change color at will.\n\nchaos theory: the study of dynamic systems highly sensitive to initial conditions.\n\nchemistry: the study of matter, especially chemical reactions.\n\nchordate: an animal in one of the following groups: fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, tunicate, lancelet, or mammal; an animal with tadpole traits during some period of its life cycle.\n\nchromosome: an elaborately coiled package of genetic material within a eukaryotic cell.\n\nciliary (aka c-opsin): the type of photoreceptor used by vertebrates for vision. Compare rhabdomeric.\n\nclassical physics (mechanics): the Newtonian model of physics, notably gravity as a force of attraction; epitomized by Newton’s 3 laws of motion, and the laws of thermodynamics. Compare modern physics.\n\ncockroach: a typically large insect with a broad, flattened body and relatively small head. 30 of the 4,500 species are considered pests, as they are inclined to live in human habitats.\n\ncofactor: a molecule that binds to a protein to have the protein perform a task. Enzymes are typically activated by cofactors, which essentially act as helper molecules. The molecule may either be an inorganic ion or organic (coenzyme).\n\n\ncognitive load: the instant level of mentation.\n\n\n\n\ncompose: to form the substance of.\n\ncomprehension: grasping with the intellect.\n\n\nconceptualize, conceptualization: mentally resolving perceptions into a concept.\n\nconductor (chemistry): a material amenable to containing moving electric charges. Contrast insulator, resistor.\n\ncone cell: a color-sensitive photoreceptor in the mammalian retina, so-called for the cell’s conical shape. Contrast rod.\n\nconformal geometry: the study of angle-preserving (conformal) spatial transformations.\n\n\n\n\nconservation (genetics): preservation of a genetic trait through generations (of cells or offspring).\n\nconservation of energy: the 1st law of thermodynamics, which states that the total energy in a closed system is constant.\n\nconservation of mass: a law of physics and chemistry that the total mass of matter is conserved in a closed system, which the universe is presumed to be. Matter may seemingly be destroyed, but its mass remains constant.\n\nconsistent: recognizable from recall as similar.\n\nconstrual (noun): an interpretation; an exegesis.\n\n\nconstrue (verb): construct an interpretation.\n\nconsume: to engage in via sensation; to use or enjoy something.\n\nconvergent evolution (aka parallel evolution): the independent evolution of similar traits in organisms of different clades.\n\ncorrelation: the fact that multiple phenomena coincide. Contrast causality.\n\ncosmic inflation: a myth about the early cosmos, claiming that the universe had a near-instantaneous massive inflation 3×10–36 seconds after the onset of the Big Bang. Cosmic inflation outrageously violates physics as understood.\n\ncosmogony: a conjecture about the origin of the universe.\n\ncosmology: the study of the universe.\n\ncosmopolitan (biogeography): a taxon with species in a broad range of biomes.\n\ncounterfactual: contrary to facts.\n\nCounting Crows (1991–): American popular music group from Berkeley, California.\n\ncraftwork: the process or result of manipulating matter into a certain configuration. Compare sociowork, symwork.\n\n\ncrustacean: a large group of arthropods, including barnacles, krill, crabs, crayfish, shrimp, and lobster. Most crustaceans are aquatic, but some, such as woodlice, are terrestrial.\n\nculture (biology): the transfer of knowledge among conspecifics, and from one generation to the next.\n\nculture (sociology): a system of shared abstractions, beliefs, values, mores, and rituals among a tribe of humans. Culture represents common symbolic expression in a social context.\n\n\n\nDarwinism (aka natural selection): the disproven hypothesis of Charles Darwin that evolution transpires only over millions of years by random rearrangements of matter that create species which endure or are eliminated via competition with other species (“natural selection” via “survival of the fittest”).\n\nNatural Selection almost inevitably cause much Extinction of the less improved forms of life. ~ Charles Darwin\n\ndata: factual information.\n\ndaydream: an indulged reverie.\n\ndendrite: a branched projection from a nerve cell employed in intercellular communication.\n\ndepolarization (cytology): an electrical change in a cell’s membrane potential that makes it more positive, thereby removing the polarity that arises from the accumulation of negative charges on the inner membrane and positive charges on the outer membrane. Contrast hyperpolarization.\n\ndesire: mental want. See motivation.\n\n\ndialectic: a method of analysis/argument for resolving a conceptual inquiry via eliminating alternative hypotheses by exposing their contradictions, thereby verifying a single hypothesis which is not self-contradictory.\n\ndichromacy: having 2 types of color vision receptor. Compare monochromacy, trichromacy, tetrachromacy.\n\ndiffuse reflection: radiation reflection with scattering.\n\ndiscrete (mathematics): quantized, countable.\n\ndisordered hyperuniformity: coherent patterning within an apparently disordered system.\n\n\nDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid (C5H10O4): a double-stranded molecular chain that serves as a physical storage medium for basic templates to build bioproducts. DNA is supposed the molecular-level carrier of genetic inheritance. See RNA.\n\n\ndragonfly: an extraordinarily successful flying insect predator, with over 5,900 extant species. Dragonfly hindwings are broader than their forewings.\n\ndream: mentally generated perception during sleep. Compare hallucination.\n\ndreaming: the asleep state of consciousness filled with dreams.\n\n\n\n\n\nED: extra dimensions (or extra-dimensionality); the dimensions of existence beyond those that are perceptible and measurable. See 4D and HD.\n\nEdo Period (1603–1867): the period when Japan was ruled by the Tokugawa Shogunate. The Edo period was characterized by socioeconomic stability, refinement of the arts and its popular enjoyment, sustainable forest management and an isolationist foreign policy.\n\n\negenetics: (the idea of) intelligence represented by nuclei acids and associated molecules.\n\nelectromagnetism: the fundamental force responsible for giving matter its sizzle via electrical charge.\n\nelephant hawkmoth (Deilephila elpenor): a large moth found in the British Isles, and across Europe and Asia all the way to Japan. Elephant hawkmoths have trichromatic color vision, and excellent scotopic (night) vision.\n\nemergence: the way that complexity arises from a multiplicity of simple interactions. The idea of emergence has been around at least since Aristotle, who expressed that the totality of reality is greater than the sum of its parts (a non-reductionist sentiment). More elementally, emergence refers to actuality becoming phenomenal on an infinitesimal (Plank time) moment-by-moment basis.\n\nemotion: a feeling evolved by cognition into a sustained state.\n\nemotive cognition: appraisal of the ambiance of a situation based upon one’s empathic temperament and experience.\n\nempathy: an imaginative projection of another’s mental state.\n\nempirical: originating in, or based upon, observation or experience.\n\nempiricism (epistemology) (aka verificationism): the presumption that knowledge derives solely from sensory experience. See neopositivism.\n\n\nendorphin (portmanteau of endogenous morphine): a mammalian endogenous opioid neuropeptide produced to relieve pain.\n\n\n\n\n\nentertainment: stimulation from experience not wholly expected.\n\nenthalpy: a thermodynamic system property, equal to internal energy plus the product of the system’s pressure and volume.\n\nentropy (physics, particularly thermodynamics): the tendency of energy to dissipate and equilibrate (dissipate to equilibrium); the natural physical tendency toward disorder.\n\nenvironment: a designated spatial region or conceptual realm.\n\n\nepistemology: the study of knowledge, including its origin, nature, methods, and limits.\n\nepithelium (plural: epithelia or epitheliums): 1 of the 4 basic types of animal tissue, the others being connective, muscle, and nerve. Epithelial tissues line the surfaces and cavities of bodily structures and form many glands. Epithelial cells secrete, selectively absorb, protect, and transport. Epithelial tissue does not have blood vessels, instead receiving nourishment from underlying connective tissue via an extracellular matrix (basement membrane).\n\neukaryote: an organism with internal cell structures (organelles). All multicellular life is eukaryotic. Compare prokaryote.\n\nevent: a perceived process with an outcome.\n\nevil: a moral wrong; wickedness.\n\n\nevolutionary biology: a subfield of biology concerned with the organic processes of evolution.\n\n\nexorcism: the exiling of evil spirits.\n\nexpectation: awaiting an event or outcome considered at least likely if not certain. See anticipate.\n\nexperience (noun): a conceptualized event.\n\n\n\nfact: recall of an experienced event. The idea of fact as objective reality is laughable.\n\nWhat is perceived in pure awareness, unaffected by desire or fear, is fact. ~ Nisargadatta Maharaj\n\nfaith: belief in absence of fact.\n\nfamily (biological classification): a major group of shared morphological similarities. In the generally accepted system, family is above genus and below order. For example, maple trees (family) are hardwoods (order), angiosperms (class), vascular plants (phylum), plants (kingdom).\n\nfascism: a form of radical authoritarian nationalism that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe, originating in Italy during World War 1. Economically, fascists favor state control of capitalism, with policies designed to achieve autarky (self-sufficiency).\n\nfeeling: a perceptual reaction that may develop into an emotion via emotive cognition. Compare emotion.\n\n\nfield: an energy associated with a spacetime point.\n\nfignorance: fact ignorance. Compare pignorance. See ignorance.\n\nflicker fusion threshold (aka flicker fusion rate): the psychophysical frequency at which intermittent light stimulus is perceived as steady by a human.\n\n\nfly: a small flying insect with a single pair of wings, adapted for aerial agility.\n\n\nfovea (aka fovea centralis): the spot of sharpest color vision in the human eye, by virtue of being packed with cone receptors, each with its own dedicated neuron. See foveola.\n\nfoveola: a 0.35 mm in diameter spot in the center of the human fovea, with the densest packing of cones in the retina, thereby affording the highest visual acuity.\n\n\nfree surface: a coherent interface layer in a fluid owing to no parallel shear stress.\n\nfrustration: an emotive state of dissatisfaction arising from a thwarted desire.\n\n\n\nGaia: a theory by English environmentalist James Lovelock that Earth acts as “a single physiological system.”\n\nEvolution is a tightly coupled dance, with life and the material environment as partners. From the dance emerges the entity Gaia. ~ James Lovelock\n\nganglion: a cluster of nerve cells.\n\ngas: a fluid that may be airborne.\n\ngauge boson: a quantum force carrier.\n\n\ngeneral relativity: a geometric physical theory that treats gravity as a property of spacetime, based upon the mass of objects; proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915. Gravity distorts 4D spacetime extra-dimensionally under general relativity. See relativity, special relativity.\n\n\n\ngestalt: (viewing) the whole being as greater than the sum of the parts involved; organization and organized activity with a coherence greater than can be attributed by summation of employed components. See synergy.\n\nGestalt psychology (aka gestaltism): a school of psychology with the central principle that the mind naturally creates a worldview through self-organizing tendencies.\n\nghost: the confused soul of a dead being that haunts its previous existence.\n\n\n\n\nGoldstone mode: spontaneous breakdown of continuous symmetry. Named after Jeffrey Goldstone.\n\n\nguanine (G) (C5H5N5O): a nucleobase of DNA & RNA.\n\nguņa: a quality (thread) of being according to Hindu philosophy. The 3 guņas are sattva (goodness, harmony, construction), rajas (passion, activity), and tamas (chaos, discord, destruction).\n\nguru: a realized teacher.\n\n\n\nhabitat: the environment in which a species population lives.\n\nhappiness: a mood of well-being. Compare bliss.\n\nHD (holistic dimensionality): the totality of cosmic dimensions. HD refers to the universe having more than the 4 dimensions (4D) experienced. HD = 4D + ED, where ED = extra (spatial) dimensions.\n\nHeaven: a common religious notion of a residence for souls departed from corporeal existence. Mythologies about Heaven are extensive. Some include a bifurcation, based upon divine judgment, that good souls ascend to Heaven, while bad souls descend to Hell, a place of eternal torment.\n\nheliocentrism: the theory that the Sun is the center of the solar system, around which planets orbit. Historically called the Copernican principle.\n\nHellenistic period (323–31 bce): a period in ancient Greek history between the death of Alexander the Great and the emergence of the Roman Empire, signified by the Battle of Actium.\n\nhemispherectomy: surgically removing a hemisphere of the brain.\n\n\n\nHiggs field: the field that imparts mass to all particles via the Higgs mechanism. Quantum physics’ Standard Model requires that every particle in the universe swims in the Higgs field, interacting at different strengths, and so having different masses. Massless particles don’t feel the Higgs field, and so carry no weight. The particle representing the Higgs field is the Higgs boson.\n\nHiggs mechanism: the continuous process whereby gauge bosons acquire mass via spontaneous symmetry breaking. The Higgs mechanism exemplifies the basic mechanism by which Nature is composed: universal fields localizing, with local fields quantizing into particulate form.\n\nHinduism: the dominant religion of India. Hinduism is based upon a compilation of diverse texts, the earliest of which date to the 7th century bce, though most are later (late bce). Such diversity means the Hinduism is an umbrella term, housing numerous religious offshoots.\n\nHiroshima (Japan): a city on the southern part of Honshu, Japan’s largest island. Hiroshima was the target for the first nuclear holocaust, when the United States dropped an atomic bomb on it on 6 August 1945.\n\n\nholographic: semblances where components reflect the whole.\n\nholy: devoted to goodness and having a divine quality.\n\n\nhomeostasis: a regulatory process by which an organism strives for holistic health.\n\nHugenot: a 16th–18th century French Protestant inspired by the writings of John Calvin (Calvinism).\n\nhydrocephalus: an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain.\n\nhylozoism: the hypothesis that all matter is in some sense alive.\n\nhymn: a religious song written in adoration of a deity or deities. A person who writes hymns is a hymnodist.\n\nhyperpolarization (biology): a change in a cell’s membrane potential that makes it more negative. Contrast depolarization.\n\nhyperuniformity: regularity in density fluctuations in a many-body system. Disordered structures at small scales which possess a “hidden order” at larger scales are hyperuniform.\n\nhypostasis: an underlying state or substance of fundamental reality that supports all else.\n\n\n\nidea: the representation of a concept.\n\nidealism (aka subjective idealism, empirical idealism): the monistic epistemology that all of life’s experiences, and what can be known of reality, are entirely within the mind. Compare neutral monism. See energyism.\n\n\nillusion: mistaken perception; something deceptive by a false impression.\n\nimagine: to form concepts which are not adherent to sensation.\n\nimagination: the faculty for forming counterfactual mental images and perceptions. Compare dream.\n\nimpulse: an urge driven by the subconscious.\n\ninfinitesimal (mathematics): something so tiny that there is no way to measure it.\n\ninfinity (∞): the idea of something unlimited. Mathematics often treats ∞ as a special number, but that is a conceptual error. Infinity is beyond numerics.\n\n\n\ninformation: an esteemed apprehension of an order among concepts.\n\ninsect: a class of arthropods with a 3-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), a chitinous exoskeleton, 3 pairs of jointed legs, a pair of compound eyes, and a pair of antennae. Insects are a diverse group, with over a million known species.\n\ninstant: existing now, in the present moment; immediate.\n\n\n\nintensive property (aka bulk property): a physical property of a system that does not depend upon system size or materiality. Examples include temperature, density, hardness and refractive index. American physicist and chemist Richard Tolman introduced the terms intensive property and extensive property in 1917. Contrast extensive property.\n\ninteraction (physics): see force.\n\ninterface: the boundary between phases or systems.\n\nintrospection (aka metacognition): awareness of cognition; (the capability of) reflectively examining one’s own thoughts and feelings. Compare mindfulness.\n\nintuition: direct apprehension. Contrast phenomenon.\n\n\niris (physiology): the thin, circular structure in an avian or mammalian eye which controls the diameter of the pupil, thus determining the amount of light reaching the retina.\n\nIron Age (~1300–500 bce): the last (3rd) principal period of the 3-age system, noted for widespread use of iron and the development of steel. See Stone Age, Bronze Age.\n\nIsa Upanishad: a short Upanishad comprising prose mantras.\n\n\n\nJapan: an island nation off the eastern coast of China, comprising 6,852 islands.\n\nJesuits (aka Society of Jesus) (1539–): a male Catholic order belonging to the congregation founded by Spanish priest Ignatius of Loyola. Ignatius emerged as a religious leader during the Counter-Reformation, where his absolute obedience to the Pope held him in good stead with the Church.\n\nJudaism: the monotheist religion of the Jews.\n\n\nkarma (Hinduism, Buddhism): the moral quality of actions by humans.\n\nKelvin (K): an absolute temperature scale. Kelvin is the primary measurement unit in the physical sciences. 0 K is the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases, from a perspective of classical thermodynamics.\n\nKelvin has the same magnitude as Celsius, though at a different offset. Absolute zero (0 K) is –273.15 °C.\n\nThe Kelvin scale is named after Irish-born engineer and physicist William Kelvin, who expressed the need for an “absolute thermometric scale.”\n\nkōän: a technique in the practice of Zen Buddhism intended to thwart the mind, and so afford intuition.\n\nkrebiozen (aka Carcalon, creatine): a hoax chemical cancer treatment using extract of a horse serum inoculated with the bacterium Actinomyces bovis, which causes lumpy jaw in cattle; developed by Yugoslavian doctor Stevan Durovic.\n\nkinetic theory: a physical theory which characterizes gas as a system of energetic particles.\n\n\nkingdom (biological classification): the taxon above phylum and below domain. Conventionally, there are 6 kingdoms: archaea, bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals.\n\nknow: to directly perceive, and thereupon understand; to recognize the meaning of a concept.\n\nknowledge: cognition of facts or principles about Nature. Compare knowlet, omniscience.\n\nknowlet: cognition of some subject matter. Compare knowledge.\n\nkōän: a paradox posited in Zen Buddhist practice to engender abandonment of reason for intuition, and thus clear the way to enlightenment.\n\nKorean War (1950–1953): a war that started when North Korea, backed by the Soviet Union and China, invaded South Korea. Within 2 months South Korea was on the verge of defeat. The US provided 88% of the military personnel and almost all of the armaments in the UN-sponsored fight against North Korea. The war ended in a territorial stalemate, with an armistice signed, but to this day no peace treaty.\n\n\nlamina propria: a thin layer of connective tissue that is part of the moist linings of mucous membranes.\n\nlearning: the process of constructing a conceptual framework.\n\nlengyre (aka vital energy, chi (Chinese), prana (Hindu)): an organism’s life-energy gyre.\n\nlife: anything capable of perceiving its environment.\n\n\n\n\n\nlogos: Heraclitus’ term for Ĉonsciousness. See Tao.\n\nlove: adoration of a concept.\n\n\nmacula (aka macula lutea): a yellow, oval-shaped spot near the center of the retina of the human eye, with the fovea at its center.\n\nmagnetic moment (aka local moment): the torque a magnet will experience in an external magnetic field.\n\nmagnetoencephalography: a technique using sensitive magnetometers to record magnetic fields produced by electrical currents in the brain, thereby allowing mapping electromagnetic brain activity.\n\nmahasamādhi: intentionally leaving the body to die.\n\n\nmanifestation: an outward perceptible expression of Nature. Compare phenomenon.\n\nmantra: a resonant vibration used to attain transcendence.\n\nmass (classical physics): a measure of matter’s inertia (resistance to a change of motion); alternately, a measure that an object of matter has gravitationally.\n\nmass (quantum mechanics): the energy level at which an elementary particle may make an observable appearance.\n\nmaterialism (psychology, economics): a worldview valuing material consumption and possessions. See matterism.\n\nmathematics: the systematic treatment of relations between symbolic entities.\n\nMatryoshka doll: a set of hollow wooden dolls of decreasing size, which can be placed one inside another.\n\n\nmatterism (aka (philosophical) materialism): the monistic belief that reality is made of matter. Matterism supposes that the mind is a figment of something substantial. See naïve empiricism, naïve realism. Contrast energyism.\n\nmāyā (Hinduism, Buddhism): misperception of reality by not considering it an illusion.\n\nmeditation: a practice intended to achieve a transcendental state of consciousness. Yoga is intended as a physical form of meditation.\n\nMeiji era (aka Meiji period) (1868–1912): the period in Japan immediately following the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate (Edo Period). The emperor was restored preeminence while the country modernized economically in the wake of threat of foreign incursion, especially by the United States. Japan became the 1st industrialized Asian nation.\n\nmentation: mental activity.\n\nmentotype: the psychological constitution of an organism, including cognitive orientations and capacities, awareness loci, and worldview. Compare phenotype.\n\nMesolithic (20–5 tya): the final period of foraging in human cultures as the predominant lifestyle, before yielding to agriculture.\n\nmetabolism: cellular chemical reactions which provide energy for vital processes.\n\nmetabolite: a chemical product of metabolism.\n\nmetaphysics: the study of first principles, including ontology and cosmology. Metaphysics is closely related to epistemology.\n\nmicrobe: a microorganism, too tiny to be seen without a microscope, often a single-celled prokaryote. Microbes include archaea, bacteria, and fungi.\n\nmicrobiome: the endosymbiotic, microbial community that comprises every eukaryotic organism, especially multicellular eukaryotes. Commensal prokaryotic inhabitants are essential to eukaryotic life.\n\n\nmicrosaccade: a tiny, jerky, involuntary eye movement. Microsaccade amplitudes vary from 2 to 120 arcminutes. Compare saccade.\n\nmind: an intangible organ for symbolic processing.\n\nmind-body: the mind & body as an integral life form.\n\n\nmindfulness (aka mindfulness meditation): the practice of paying attention to the prattles of the mind, which has ignorantly been popularized as a form of meditation when it is nothing of the sort. Compare introspection, metacognition.\n\nmodel: a mathematical construct.\n\nmodern physics: post-Newtonian conceptions of physics, including Einstein’s relativity theories and quantum models. Compare classical physics.\n\nmoiety: a small molecule of a chemical functional group.\n\nmolecule: a combination of atoms.\n\nmoment (physics): an expression involving the product of a distance and a physical quantity which accounts for how the physical quantity is situated.\n\n\nmonochromacy: having a single type of cone cell (color receptor) in the eye. Compare dichromacy, trichromacy, tetrachromacy.\n\nmonotheism: the belief in a singular god. Contrast polytheism.\n\nmotivation: a stimulus that causes an organism to behave in a certain way. See desire.\n\nmucous membrane (aka mucosa): a membrane of epithelial cells over a layer of loose connective tissue.\n\nmudra: a symbolic or ritual hand position or gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism.\n\nMundaka Upanishad: a primary Upanishad, and one of the most widely translated. As with other Upanishads, the Mundaka chronology is unclear, but perhaps the 6th century bce.\n\nmyoelastic-aerodynamic theory: a theory of vocalization corresponding with Bernoulli forces (negative pressure) on elastic tissue folds muscularly controlled (myo refers to muscles).\n\nmystical: non-empirically obscure. The commonly bandied definition of involving something supernatural needs to confine itself to magical.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nnatural science: natural philosophy coupled to the scientific method.\n\nnatural selection: a meaningless term acclaiming Darwinism, popular among religious evolutionary biologists who should know better. See Darwinism.\n\nNature: the exhibition of existence. See coherence.\n\nnature (of): the essence; the basic constitution.\n\nNazism (aka National Socialism): the ideology and practices of the 20th century German Nazi party, characterized by fascism and antisemitism.\n\nnear-death experience: an experience near death. People who have near-death experiences may physically cease to function for some duration before reviving.\n\nneocortex (aka neopallium, isocortex): the part of the mammalian brain active during higher-order mentation, such as sensory perception, cognition, motor command generation, spatial reasoning, and language.\n\nneopositivism (aka logical positivism, logical empiricism): a Western philosophical view embracing epistemological empiricism. Neopositivism sprouted in Berlin and Vienna in the late 1920s and gained widespread acceptance in scientific circles since the mid-20th century. Contrast panpsychism.\n\nneurobiology (aka neuroscience): a pseudoscience that equates nerve cell activity with mentation. Compare neurology.\n\n\nneuron doctrine: the notion that neurons are the cells of intelligence.\n\nneutral monism (aka neumonism): the epistemology that the essence of existence is neither material nor mental, but energetic. Compare idealism. See energyism.\n\nnocebo: a belief provoking illness or death; the opposite of a placebo.\n\nnon-equilibrium statistical mechanics: see statistical mechanics.\n\n\n\n\nobject: something manifest as cohesive matter.\n\n\nobservation: active perception.\n\nocellar: relating to, or connecting with, an ocellus.\n\nocellus (plural: ocelli): a simple invertebrate eye.\n\nocelloid: a subcellular eye found in warnowiids, with subcomponents analogous to the lens, cornea, iris, and retina of eyes.\n\nommatidium (plural: ommatidia): a facet of a compound eye comprising 1 or more photoreceptor cells innervated by a single axon, providing a single picture element.\n\nomniscience: (the idea of) having comprehensive awareness and comprehension of Nature. Compare knowledge.\n\nontological argument: a philosophical argument for the existence of a supreme being.\n\nontology (philosophy): the study of the nature of reality. Compare phenomenology.\n\nopsin: a light-sensitive protein.\n\norganism: a life form.\n\nosteoporosis: a disease of progressive bone mass and density loss.\n\nouroboros (aka uroboros): an ancient symbol of a dragon or serpent eating its own tail which symbolizes the eternal cycle of existence.\n\nout-of-body experience (obe): an experience of awareness from a perspective which is outside of one’s physical body.\n\n\npanpsychism: the idea that a consciousness and mind is inherent in all things. Panpsychism is one of the oldest philosophical theories and was the prevailing orthodoxy until the mid-20th century, when supplanted by neopositivism. Compare hylozoism, animism.\n\nparacosm: a detailed imaginary world.\n\n\nparanormal: not explainable via matterism.\n\nParkinson’s disease: a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, initially affecting the motor system, but leading to dementia in its advance. Named after James Parkinson, who published a report on the disease in 1817.\n\nparticle (physics): a point in spacetime, typically used to ascribe a quantum. Contrast wave.\n\npea: the small spherical seed of the pod fruit of the pea plant (Pisum sativum), an annual plant.\n\nperceive, perception: mentally integrating sensory input (sensation) using memory. Perception is a 3-stage process: 1) turn a sensation into a symbolic representation, 2) identify the representation using memory and categorization, then 3) derive meaning, especially regarding affinity or avoidance. See conceptualization.\n\nperipheral vision: vision in animals with 2 eyes that occurs outside focal gaze. See binocular vision.\n\nperspective-ignorance: see pignorance.\n\n\n\nphenomenal: known through perception. Contrast intuition.\n\n\nphenomenology (philosophy): the study of the nature of phenomena, experience, and consciousness. See ontology.\n\n\nphilosophy: a set of consistent definitions pertaining to a system which yields a hierarchical construal. The term philosophy derives from the ancient Greek for “love of wisdom.” There are 3 branches of philosophy: natural, moral, and metaphysical. Natural philosophy, which evolved into science, concerns Nature. Moral philosophy deals with the principles of ethics. Metaphysics considers first principles, such as ontology, and is intimately connected with epistemology.\n\nphotobleaching (aka fading): photochemical alteration of a pigment molecule such that it cannot fluoresce (emit light).\n\nphotoisomerization: the molecular behavior of changing isomer upon photoexcitation (absorbing a photon).\n\n\nphotopic vision: sight under well-light conditions. Contrast scotopic vision.\n\nphotoreceptor (cell): a specialized cell capable of visual phototransduction.\n\nphotosynthesis: (an organism) converting sunlight into energy.\n\nphototransduction: the 4-step cellular process of converting light into a sensory signal. See transduction.\n\nphylogeny: the evolution of a particular group of organisms.\n\nphylum (biological classification) (plural: phyla): the taxon above class and below kingdom. Phylum typically refers to a uniquely identifiable body plan. See family.\n\nPhysarum: a genus of slime molds.\n\nphysical model: a typically geometric or algebraic mathematical model yielding a mathematical description of the embodied phenomena.\n\n\n\n\nplacebo: a simulated medical treatment intended to inspire the recipient, thereby provoking the placebo effect of working to relieve or even cure the targeted affliction. The term placebo originated with an old Latin word for “I shall please.” In medieval times, a placebo opened the Catholic Vespers for the Dead, which were sung by hired mourners for a funeral; sycophants who wept crocodile tears on behalf of the family. This gave placebo the odious meaning of a toady. The term took its medical context in the early 19th century, when placebos were remorsefully employed. Placebos’ efficacy gradually transformed their moral worth.\n\n\n\n\nPlanck time: the theoretical limit of temporal measurement; the time required for light in a vacuum to travel a single Planck length: 5.391 x 10–44 seconds.\n\nPlanck unit: a system of natural units used in physics, particularly Planck length and Planck time; named after German physicist Max Planck.\n\nplasma: the most prevalent of the 4 fundamental states of matter; the others being gas, liquid, and solid.\n\npoison ivy: a rash caused by allergic reaction to urushiol, a sap produced by plants in the Toxicodendron genus (poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac).\n\n\npolymath: a person of encyclopedic learning.\n\npolytheism: the belief in multiple gods. Contrast monotheism.\n\npopulation: a group of conspecifics within a geographical area.\n\npost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a terrifying event in the past echoing onto present awareness.\n\nprāņā: the Sanskrit word for “life force.”\n\nprāņāyāma: a breathing technique.\n\nprecocial: animal species with relatively mature and mobile young from the moment of birth or hatching. Many, though not all, arthropods, fish, amphibians, and reptiles are precocial. Contrast altricial.\n\n\npresence (spirituality): a felt external (ED) spirit.\n\nprimary metabolite: a compound produced by a plant that is essential to its survival. Compare secondary metabolite.\n\n\nproblem: a dynamic not understood for which a solution is sought (problem-solving). Whereas problem-solving which shapes matter is craftwork, entirely abstract (non-material) problem-solving is symwork (of symbolic representations).\n\nprokaryote: an organism that lacks a cell nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. While prokaryotes are strictly single-celled, most can form stable, aggregate communities, such as a biofilm. Compare eukaryote.\n\nprophet: a guru that teaches reality and the consequences of ignorance.\n\n\n\nprotostome: a clade of animals comprising annelids (segmented worms), arthropods, and mollusks. The sister clade of protostomes are deuterostomes, from which evolved echinoderms (e.g., sea urchins) and vertebrates.\n\npsyche: the psychological structure of an organism, especially as a motive force.\n\npsychedelic: a substance which can induce hallucinations.\n\npsychic: relating to mental projection.\n\n\npsychology: the study of the mind, leading to philosophy about the mind. There can be no science of the mind. An individual psychology is characterized by mental and behavioral habits.\n\n\npupil (physiology): the variably sized hole in the center of the iris that allows passage of light to the retina.\n\n\nquantum (physics) (plural: quanta): an infinitesimal chunk of ripple in a localized energy field considered as a particle (via quantization).\n\nquantum field theory (aka quantum theory, quantum mechanics): a theoretical framework explaining subatomic interactions from a particle perspective.\n\nquantum mechanics: see quantum field theory.\n\nquantum tunneling: a quantum overcoming its 4D classical confines to move itself through an HD wormhole.\n\nquietude: the state of consciousness characterized by being awake with a quiet mind (nattermind subdued). See enlightenment.\n\n\n\n\n\nrealization (aka unity consciousness): an enlightened state of consciousness with an abiding experience of the unicity of Nature. (Note that the term enlightenment is sometimes used for realization. No knowledgeable distinction may be made between enlightenment and realization by those not having attained unity consciousness.) Compare enlightenment, coherence consciousness.\n\n\nreflection (physics): the partial or complete rebound of an energy wave from a surface. See specular reflection, diffuse reflection, retroreflection.\n\nreflection (psychology): the process of contemplation, incorporating memory.\n\nrefraction: energy wave deflection due to passing from one medium into another, each medium having a distinct velocity. Contrast reflection (physics).\n\nreincarnation: the idea that souls cycle through incarnations; common in many spiritual belief systems, though not a mainstream belief in Abrahamic religions (monotheistic religions which include Judaism, Christianity, and Islam).\n\n\n\nremote viewing: long distance visual perception. Compare out-of-body experience.\n\nRenaissance (14th–17th centuries): the European intellectual and cultural movement from the mid-14th century (after the Black Death) into the 17th century, characterized by collective nostalgia for classical antiquity, though it ended up with skepticism toward traditional thought. The Renaissance affected the arts, religion, politics, philosophy, and science.\n\n\nresonance (physics): a periodic synchrony.\n\nretina: the light-sensitive layer of tissue lining the inner surface of the eye.\n\nretinal (aka retinaldehyde, vitamin A aldehyde): one of many forms of vitamin A. Retinal binds to the rhodopsin, providing the chemical basis of animal vision.\n\nretinal bipolar cell: an intermediary nerve cell type between photoreceptors (rod and cone cells) and ganglion cells.\n\nretinal ganglion cell: a nerve cell type near the inner surface of the retina that receives visual information from photoreceptors.\n\nretroreflection: radiation reflection back to its source with minimal scattering.\n\nrhabdomeric (aka r-opsin): the type of photoreceptor used by protostomes (e.g., insects) for vision. Compare ciliary.\n\nrhodopsin (aka visual purple): a pigment-containing light-sensitive protein that converts light into an electrical signal (phototransduction).\n\nrisk sensitivity: the capability of an organism to discriminate between stable and unstable environments.\n\nrobber fly (aka assassin fly): a fast, medium-to-large, powerfully built, bristly fly in the Asilidae family (in the order Diptera, the true flies), with 7,000 described species. Robber flies are notoriously aggressive predators; hence the name. They prey on other insects as ambush hunters. Some robber flies resemble bumblebees, which these flies attack. Their disguise abets predation in affording close proximity before moving in for the kill.\n\nrod (cell): a black-and-white photoreceptor in the mammalian eye that receives 1 photon at a time. 1 of the 2 types of the photoreceptor cells in the retina (the other being cone cells).\n\nrule: a regulating principle.\n\n\nsaccade: a quick, simultaneous movement of the eyes. Compare microsaccade.\n\nsādhanā: some exercise aimed at spiritual awakening; a term from the yogic tradition. All one needs to do for spiritual awakening is to witness what is going on without interference from nattermind: to live in meditation. Meditation as a practice is simply a form of rest (away from nattermind) which acclimates the system to silence and transcendental consciousness.\n\nsaint: a holy guru.\n\nSanskrit: the primary liturgical language of Hinduism.\n\nscallop: a cosmopolitan marine bivalve mollusk.\n\nschema: a general representation.\n\n\n\nScientific Revolution (1543–1687): a label by historians to ascribe the era in which modern science emerged. The 1543 posthumous publication of Copernicus’ essay on heliocentrism is commonly cited as the start date, and Newton’s 1687 publication of Principia (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) considered its completion.\n\nscotopic vision: sight under low light. Contrast photopic vision.\n\nscotopsin: the protein moiety in rhodopsin.\n\nsea urchin (aka sea hedgehog): a small, spiny, globular marine animal, closely related to the sand dollar.\n\nsecondary metabolite: a specialty compound produced by a plant for ecological purposes. Compare primary metabolite.\n\nselective attention: the ability to screen out useless visual information so as to focus on a target.\n\n\n\n\nsentience (aka sentiency): conscious witnessing without cognitive engagement. Sentience is the ability of consciousness to perceive awareness itself.\n\nset (mathematics): a collection of symbolic representations.\n\nset theory: a branch of mathematical logic dealing with sets.\n\n\nshear stress: coplanar stress in a material cross section. Whereas normal stress arises from a force vector component perpendicular to a material cross section, shear stress arises from a force vector component parallel to a cross section.\n\n\nsleep (aka asleep): the state of consciousness where the body and mind are in repose.\n\nsleepwalking (aka somnambulism, noctambulism): a sleep disorder of combined sleep and wakefulness, where people asleep perform activities usually done only while awake.\n\nslime mold: a protist that reproduces via zoospores.\n\nsociowork: the process or result of mentally manipulating social relations. Compare craftwork, symwork.\n\n\nsolipsism: the irrefutable argument that only the self can be proven to exist; universally ignored.\n\nsoul: individual consciousness; the part of an organism capable of passively witnessing its own mentation (introspection); more transcendentally, the perpetual essence of a life form.\n\nsound: a vibration propagating as an audible wave of pressure.\n\nspecial relativity: a physical theory of measurement positing that the speed of light provides an inertial frame of reference; proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905. See general relativity.\n\n\n\nspecular reflection (aka regular reflection): radiation reflection where each ray reflects from a surface at the same angle as its incidence.\n\nspectral gap: the energy difference between the ground state and the 1st state of excitement in a system.\n\nspin (quantum physics): the mathematically hypothesized internal rotation of a subatomic particle; a form of intrinsic angular momentum. Each particle type has a specific spin. In the Standard Model, only the Higgs boson is presumed without spin.\n\nspirit (spirituality): a soul other than one’s own.\n\nspirit plane: the dimensions where extra-dimensional (ED) life resides.\n\n\nStandard Model (quantum physics): a quantum field theory focused on fundamental subatomic quanta and their interactions. The Standard Model is known to be incomplete.\n\n\nStargate Project (1978–1995): a US Army project to investigate psychic phenomena for military and intelligence applications. Remote viewing was the primary work.\n\n\nStoicism: a Hellenistic philosophy emphasizing self-control as a means for a virtuous life.\n\nStone Age (roughly 3.4 mya–3300 bce): the 1st principal period of the 3-age system, noted for use of stone tools, prior to the advent of metalworking. See Bronze Age, Iron Age.\n\nstrong force: the bosonic force binding matter together. Contrast weak force.\n\nsubconscious (aka unconscious): mentation that one is not aware of (not conscious of): below the threshold of awareness. Compare conscious.\n\nsubjective idealism: see idealism.\n\n\n\nsupernatural: beyond Nature.\n\nsupralinear: greater than linear.\n\nsuperluminal: faster than light.\n\nsutra: a focal meditation technique.\n\nsweat bee: a bee attracted to salt, particularly human sweat.\n\nsymbiorg: a eukaryotic organism, including the microbiome that symbiotically populates the organism as a host.\n\nsymbiosis: 2 dissimilar organisms in continual interaction, often in a mutually beneficial association (mutualism).\n\n\nsymwork: the process or result of manipulating symbolic representations into a certain configuration. Compare craftwork, sociowork.\n\n\n\nsyrinx: the unique vocal organ of birds.\n\n\n\nTao (Chinese philosophy and religion): the order of Nature; may also be considered a synonym for Ĉonsciousness. See logos.\n\ntaxon (plural: taxa): a classification of organisms.\n\nteleology (evolutionary biology): the obvious and well supported theory that adaptation is goal oriented.\n\nteleology (philosophy): the doctrine that final causes (ends or purposes) exist. Socrates, Plato, and Kant argued in favor of teleology.\n\ntensor: a geometric object describing linear relations between other geometric entities (vectors, scalars, tensors). A tensor is a geometric entity particularly entangled with other tensors. Tensors are a tautology of entanglement.\n\ntensor network (aka tennet): a network of tensors.\n\nterminal lucidity: a brief revival of mental clarity just before death by those suffering severe neurological or psychological illness.\n\ntheory: fact-based explanation about the relations between concepts. See physical theory. Compare hypothesis.\n\ntheory of everything: the holy-grail physics theory that unifies all (known) phenomena.\n\nthermalization: the process of matter moving toward thermal equilibrium with its environment.\n\n\n\n\ntopographic memory: a memory involving spatial orientation.\n\ntorque: the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis.\n\ntrait (biology): a biological feature, either in form or function.\n\ntranscendence (consciousness): the state of consciousness where the mind is quiet while the body is resting but receptive to stimuli.\n\nTranscendental Meditation® (TM): a meditation technique popularized by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. TM employs a mantra as a mental vehicle to facilitate transcendence. TM descends from an ancient lineage of Indian meditative practices.\n\ntransduction (physiology) (sensory transduction): conversion of a sensory stimulus from one communicable form to another.\n\ntrichromacy: having 3 types of color vision receptors. Marsupials and primates are the only known mammalian trichromats, with different receptor types for red, green, and blue wavelengths. Some insects, such as honeybees, are trichromats, but their reception is shorter wavelengths: green, blue, and ultraviolet. Trichromats can distinguish 1 million colors. Compare monochromacy, dichromacy, tetrachromacy.\n\ntruth: conformity with reality. Compare theory.\n\n\n\nunconscious: autonomic mental processes which are not conscious. The term unconscious was coined by German philosopher Friedrich Schelling in 1800. See subconscious. Compare conscious.\n\nunderstand: to develop a sense of contextual meaning.\n\nuniversal mind: the idea of showtivity via a unified field of mentation; a synonym for coherence.\n\n\nUpanishads (aka Vedānta) (from the 7th century bce): a collection of ~200 texts which contain philosophic concepts central to Hinduism.\n\nuranium (U): the element with atomic number 92; a silvery-white metal that is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable.\n\n\nvacuum energy: the underlying energy of 4D empty space. Vacuum energy is the ground state from which 4D virtual particles arise. Vacuum energy is an HD phenomenon.\n\nvagus nerve (aka pneumogastric nerve): the longest and most complex of the 12 paired, cranial, neural cables in the human body; part of the parasympathetic nervous system. The vagus nerve conveys 80–90% of sensory signals about the body’s organs to the central nervous system. Vagus nerve activity correlates with sensory input and motor control. The term vagus stems from the Latin word for wandering.\n\n\nVedas, The: a collection of hymns and other Sanskrit spiritual texts written 1500–300 bce; the earliest literary record of the Indo-Aryan civilization. The Vedas become the canon of Hinduism.\n\nvibration: a periodic oscillation about an equilibrium.\n\nvirtual particle: a hypothesized HD quantum that significantly affects the properties of 4D quanta. Virtual particles supposedly pop in and out of 4D as a manifestation of vacuum energy: a phase shift in appearance between 4D and ED. See ghost field.\n\nvision: the sense of sight through visible light.\n\nvitalism (biology): the doctrine that there is a vital energy specific to living organisms, distinct from chemical and physical forces; a well-known fact generally rejected by scientists.\n\nvitalism (natural philosophy): the doctrine that living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living objects in having a life force. Compare animism.\n\nvocal cord (aka vocal fold): either of 2 folds of a mucous membrane that extends across the interior cavity of the larynx.\n\nvocalization: sound production by an animal through its respiratory system.\n\n\nwarnowiid: a family (Warnowiaceae) of unicellular protists with ocelloids.\n\nwasan: a distinct mathematics developed in Japan during the Edo Period, without knowledge of Western mathematics, but contemporaneously making the same discoveries.\n\n\n\nweak force: the bosonic nuclear force that transforms matter from one variety of into another and causes matter to decay. Contrast strong force.\n\nwillmind: volitional mentation. Contrast nattermind.\n\nWizard of Oz, The (aka The Wonderful Wizard of Oz): a 1900 fantasy novel by American novelist L. Frank Baum. The Wizard is a humbug who is shamed into helping Dorothy return to her home in Kansas. The Wizard of Oz is best known in its 1939 film adaptation, staring Judy Garland.\n\n\nWorld War 2 (aka WW2, 2nd World War) (1939–1945): a global war between 2 alliances – the Allies and the Axis – that involved over 30 nations. The primary Allies were Great Britain, the United States, and Russia. Germany, Italy, and Japan were the Axis powers. ~85 million people perished.\n\n\nwormhole: a shortcut in spacetime, allowing entanglement.\n\n\nxenoglossy: the ability to speak an unfamiliar language.\n\n\nyin-yang: the traditional Chinese concept of interdependent dynamic forces composing Nature, dating to the 14th century bce or even earlier. Yin is the receptive principle, Yang active.\n\nyoga: a Hindu school of philosophy advocating and prescribing mental and physical disciplines for attaining realization.\n\nyogi: a person who practices yoga.\n\n\nZen: a school of Buddhism that developed in 6th century China. Zen was introduced into Japan during the 12th century. Westerners are most familiar with Japanese Zen Buddhism, with initial interest sparked by the visit of Japanese Zen Buddhist monk Soyen Shaku to the World Parliament of Religions in 1893, held in Chicago. Zen emphasizes the individual attainment of enlightenment via intuitive insight into the nature of reality.\n\nzero (0): an absence of quantity; mathematical nothing.\n\nZohar: the primary text of Kabbalah, a mystical Judaist tradition.\n\nzoospore: a motile asexual spore that gets around by flapping its flagellum.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8134011030197144}
{"content": "uploads///Eurozone GDP Growth Remain Unchanged in Q\n\nWhy the Eurozone GDP Didn’t Change in 4Q15\n\n\n\nEurozone GDP at 0.3% for 4Q15\n\nThe Eurozone (HEDJ) GDP (gross domestic product) remained unchanged at 0.3% for the fourth quarter of 2015. GDP for the third quarter of 2015 was also 0.3%. This figure indicates that there was no increase in business activity in terms of goods and services during the fourth quarter of 2015. It also indicates there was no increase in demand for goods and services.\n\nThe Eurozone’s (EZU) (FEZ) main problem is that it’s struggling with deflation. The fall in energy and commodity prices is the major factor behind deflation. However, the recent recovery in commodity and energy prices may provide some positive impact on the economy. Recent steps taken by ECB (European Central Bank) president Mario Draghi may help boost growth and bring inflation into the economy.\n\nArticle continues below advertisement\n\nDraghi’s QE program for Eurozone growth\n\nOn March 10, 2016, the ECB cut its deposit rate, moving it deeper into negative territory, from -0.3% to -0.4%. It charged banks more to keep their money with the ECB. It was in line with Market expectations. However, it surprised the Market by cutting its other two interest rates.\n\nThe refinancing rate was cut by 5 basis points to 0%. The marginal lending rate was cut to 0.25% from 0.3%. The marginal rate is the rate used by banks to borrow from the ECB overnight. The ECB increased the monthly asset buying program to 80 billion euros from 60 billion euros. This was more than the Market expected. It expected about 70 billion euros.\n\nThe higher level provided by Draghi indicated that the economy might be slowing at a faster pace than the expected level. There might be more downside risk for the economy. Draghi is doing more on the QE (quantitative easing) side, because QE wasn’t very effective in the past. All the major indexes fell on March 10, 2016, due to the speculation. Major stocks of the Eurozone such as SAP (SAP), Siemens (SIEGY), and Volkswagen (VLKAY) fell 0.35%, 0.28%, and 0.2%, respectively, that day.\n\nIn the next part, we’ll see what France’s industrial production indicated for January 2016.\n\n\nMore From Market Realist", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9989191889762878}
{"content": "Human Evolution Today\n\nhuman evolution\n\nSo, how are genes and genetic mutations relevant to understanding human evolution? Scientists agree that the nature of human evolution today is unlike anything in the past.\n\nMost notably, the primary determining factors for the reproductive success that Darwin highlighted in his theory for natural selection are now culture and technology because, as previously mentioned, evolution can’t keep up with the speed of modern life.1\n\nConsider how well humans are adapted to computer screens, rigorous work schedules, processed food, and big cities filled with pathogens and low in plant life. In fact, the most prevalent issues in modern life put into question how the intricate system that supports complex metabolic pathways falls victim to health issues like insomnia, heart disease, and diabetes.\n\nhuman evolutionHowever, human progress and technological advancement has its perks. Researchers believe that humans have the potential to knock out disadvantageous traits without evolution with the use of rapidly-involving genetic technologies.\n\nStill, a society working to knock out neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington’s and Parkinson’s and discover the cure cancer overlooks the little things like the food it’s eating or the air it’s breathing.\n\nSomewhere down the line, progress became limitless, but so did unhealthy lifestyle habits. This part of human evolution comes later than the dawn of man and begins with the Agricultural Revolution, followed by the Industrial Revolution, and finally, the Urban Revolution.\n\nA brief look into these times of progress sets up the story for where humans are today.\n\n\nBy Jesse Waddell\n\n\nFavorite MONQ blend: Mountain\n\nShow Comments Hide Comments\n\n\nJan 14, 2021Reviews\n\nMONQ Helps Customers Destress\n\n\nRead More\n\nDec 23, 2020MONQ\n\nReducing Environmental Impact through Innovation\n\nMONQ is proud to be a good steward of our environment and in particular the resources at the heart of our business—essential oils.  MONQ personal aromatherapy diffusers use just a fraction of the essential oil that traditional, desktop diffusers use. To put that in perspective, just one diffusion of a desktop diffuser uses as much […]\n\nRead More\n\nSign Up and Breathe Better!\n\n\nThanks to your MONQ Ambassador,\n\nAuto-Ship is convenient and fast.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9835548400878906}
{"content": "TNI Logo The NELAC Institute\n\n\nSection: 4.1\n\n\nTNI Response:  The use of the term “method” within the definition of Field of Proficiency Testing (FoPT) (2009 V1M1, 3.6) is only included to accommodate EPA’s drinking water program where PTs are required per method for the drinking water analytes referenced in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), specifically 40 CFR 141.  The use of the term “technology” within the definition of FoPT (2009 V1M1, 3.6) only refers to the determinative analytical technology; preparative techniques/methods are not part of this definition. In addition, the Note in Section 5.1.1 of V1M1, states the following: “…If the laboratory is accredited for multiple test methods that use the same technology within a field of accreditation, the laboratory is not required to analyze a PT sample for each test method, except for fields of accreditation for the drinking water accreditation matrix for which a PT sample per test method is required…”  Therefore, using the example provided, for each analyte in the same matrix, the TNI standard only requires PTs for one ICP method (200.7 or 6010B) to maintain accreditation for both ICP methods and one ICP-MS method (200.8 or 6020) to maintain accreditation for both ICP-MS methods.  V1M1 of the 2016 standard was revised to include this statement \"An unacceptable score for the reported test method will result in an unacceptable score for all test methods for that accreditation FoPT.\n\nQuestion:  A laboratory in our program has requested accreditation to measure analytes in biological tissue.  The question is \"If biological tissues are not listed as a matrix for the current NELAC Fields of Proficiency Testing, are proficiency tests of solid and chemical materials acceptable to demonstrate proficiency for testing biological testing?\"\n\nTNI Response:  Biological tissues are not a matrix in the TNI FoPT tables, as such there would be no proficiency testing requirements for this matrix.  The 2016 standard clearly indicates only analytes in FoPT tables are required.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9878845810890198}
{"content": "The Economics of Reliability - Global Refining\n\nOver 85% of the world’s industries are experiencing difficult markets as the world continues to go through one of the worst economic downturns in history. Roughly one third of the world’s economy is directly affected by the reliability of operations. From energy to water, reliability can mean the difference between being an industry leader and bankruptcy.\n\nPinnacle analysts take data from the oil refining industry and dive into how that key sector is being affected by reliability today and the differences across the world. Through this report, we explore key indicators of reliability, identify which companies seem to be leading the pack in reliability optimization, and explain the trends that are driving reliability in this sector.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999468326568604}
{"content": "VS Code LogoVS Code Rocks\n\nCustomizing Typography in VS Code\n\n- 3 minutes to read\n\nIf VS Code is your main editor, having a clean UI can bring a productivity boost. Changing the typography can help give cleaner text and allow you to focus on the content at large rather than the text alone. I am going to go over some neat fonts as well as some other tweaks to 1-up your VS Code typography skills.\n\nTable of Contents\n\nAs well, given this is my first post in 2019, I want to wish everyone a happy new year. I took a hiatus to give myself a bit of time to rest during the holidays but I am back now and will be back to the weekly schedule.\n\nConfigurable Font settings\n\nStarting out trying to figure out what settings are configurable can be done by opening the Settings UI (cmd+, or ctrl+,) and searching for “font”. The ones that I’ve found that are of main customize include the following.\n\n  • Font family: The font family can be changed to any font that is installed on your system. I’ll get into a few fonts others and I recommend.\n  • Font size: the size of the font in pixels. Given I have a large display, I tend to have my font size at 18px so it is fairly reasonable to read from a distance.\n  • Font weight: The weight of a font whether you wish for a thin or bolder font style. It maps to 100-900 similar to the font-weight CSS attribute.\n  • Line height: This defines the line height in pixels of the font. The default is 0 which means it will use the default line height of the font according to the font size it is at currently, but it can be customized if you want the lines spaced out even further.\n\nRecommended Font Families\n\nThere are plenty of fonts that are made specifically for coding. The ones I am recommending go between free to commercial licenses for the font, so don’t go out of your budget to buy one of these fonts if you cannot afford it.\n\nFira Code\n\nFirst off is a free font named Fira Code. It is a font developed by Nikita Prokopov which was based on Fira Mono which was developed by Mozilla for Firefox. If you notice, the font includes Ligatures which I will get into later. This is the font I particularly use and gives a crisp feel to the text.\n\nDank Mono preview\n\nNext is Dank Mono which was developed as another coding font. It’s a commercial font but it only costs £40 for a license which is about $50 USD. Compared to Fira Code, Dank Mono, which you also will see in a few other fonts, has italicized all of the keywords across various languages so you can differentiate keywords from variables or function names.\n\nOperator Font\n\nFinally, Operator is the last font. It has a similar feel to Dank Mono but is a much more full fleshed font that you can also use in graphic design. While Dank Mono has only two font styles, Operator has a bunch of fonts including it’s a monospace style to be used in text editors. That said, given it is a more full-fleshed font, the license costs between $200-$600 so it can get fairly expensive, but given you look at your editor all day, it may be a good expense. As I said previously, don’t overdo it if it is not in your regular budget.\n\nFont Ligatures\n\nAs mentioned earlier, Fira Code has a concept of Font Ligatures. As seen in the image above, sets of symbols can switch into custom characters when displayed. For instance, when you write !=, fonts that include ligatures, it will be converted to an equals sign with a slash in the middle of it as if you’d write it in a mathematical expression. There are plenty of other ligatures across various languages and give a cleaner look to visualize the symbol as a single item rather than the individual characters. To enable this, search for “Font Ligatures” in the settings panel and click on the checkbox to enable it. With such, the font family needs to support font ligatures to have ligatures be displayed.\n\nOverall, having a clean font to read when using VS Code is one of those essentials that you don’t think about often, but helps out in the long run.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9831064343452454}
{"content": "Q& A | Separation, Child Custody and Parenting\n\nQ&A with Lisa Wagner, Principal and Managing Director, Doolan Wagner Family Lawyers.\n\n\nAre you separating and want to know what’s best for your children?\n\nHere are our trusted answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about separation and child custody.\n\n\nQ: What’s the difference between a Parenting Plan and Parenting Orders?\n\nA: A parenting plan is a written agreement that sets out parenting arrangements for your child(ren). These arrangements are usually determined by you and your former partner privately at a mediation or following some negotiation. If you and your former partner want to vary your Parenting Plan, you are able to do so at any time. However, it is important to note that a Parenting Plan is not a legally enforceable agreement and is not binding on parties.\n\nParenting Orders are arrangements that have been approved by the Court and as such are binding on both parties. Parties are able to vary the arrangements outlined in the Orders, provided both parties consent.   In the event there is disagreement regarding the Orders, you or your former partner can make an application to the Court seeking that the Orders be varied or set aside. There is a high threshold parties need to satisfy the Court in order to vary or set aside Orders.\n\n\nQ: My partner and I have split up and I want to move interstate / overseas with my kids. And what about travel? Do I need my partner’s permission?\n\nA: The short answer is yes.\n\nThere are laws in Australia regarding relocating with children. These laws apply even if there are no formal Court Orders that govern any agreement you and your former partner may have reached regarding parenting. Therefore, if you are seeking to move overseas or interstate with your children, this should be discussed and negotiated with your former partner. Moving overseas or interstate falls under the umbrella of “parental responsibility” as it is a major long-term decision that will impact your children. If there is no agreement, then you may be required to file a relocation Application in the Federal Circuit Court or Family Court.\n\nAdditionally, if you and your partner have separated it is best to ask for their permission to take your children interstate or overseas, even if it is only for a short holiday. Providing your partner with notice and an itinerary of travel will assist in reducing any fears your partner has that you may not return the children and is also a good co-parenting approach.\n\nIf you intend to relocate or travel with your children without the other parent’s permission, you should seek legal advice prior to doing so.\n\nIf your children are taken overseas or interstate without your consent, you should seek legal advice immediately.\n\n\nQ: Can parenting orders be varied?\n\nA: The Court is usually reluctant to vary parenting orders. However, in circumstances where both parties consent to the change or the Court determines it is appropriate to change the Orders, your final parenting orders can be varied.\n\nIn order for the Court to vary an existing parenting Order it must be satisfied that there has been a significant change in circumstances. Examples of what constitutes a significant change of circumstances may include one of the following:\n\n  1. If either you or your former partner is seeking to relocate with your children;\n  2. If the current Orders were made without all the relevant information having been made available to the Court prior to the making of those Orders;\n  3. If you and your former partner have since consented to new parenting arrangements, such as entered into a parenting plan and the current Orders are no longer reflective of the actual arrangements for your children;\n  4. If a substantial period of time has elapsed between the Orders being made and the Application being brought;\n  5. If there has been allegations of abuse;\n  6. If you or your former partner, or one of your children are of ill-health.\n\nIf one of the above circumstances applies to you, the Court will carefully consider what is in the best interest of your children prior to varying your parenting orders.\n\n\nQ:  Do I still have to pay child support even though the kids are living with the other parent?\n\nA:  Yes, you do. Whether or not the children live with you or the other parent, both of you are responsible for the financial support of your children. The amount that would be payable, however, is largely dependent upon the number of nights that the children spend with each parent, as well as the parents’ respective incomes.\n\nWith respect to meeting this obligation, you or the other parent can obtain an Administrative Assessment from Services Australia (formerly, the Child Support Agency) or alternatively, reach a private agreement amongst yourselves. Should you wish to document this agreement, a Child Support Agreement can be prepared which is registered with Services Australia and sometimes with the Court. Such an Agreement can include not only periodic child support, but also outline how you both will meet non-periodic payments (for example, in relation to the children’s extra-curricular activities, private health insurance, school fees and the like).\n\n\nQ: Do I have a right to see my children?\n\nA: In Australia, the short answer is that you do not have any right grounded in law to see your children. Family law in Australia, governed largely by the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) (“the Act”) adopts a child-centric approach, focussing on the rights of your children and your responsibilities to your children as a parent rather than your rights as a parent. Your children have a right to enjoy a meaningful relationship with both of their parents. This will usually involve your children spending time with each parent, however there is no rule, presumption or “starting point” that your children will spend equal or “50:50” time with each of their parents. Furthermore, the paramount consideration of the Court in determining a parenting arrangement that is in the best interests of your children is to protect your children from harm or being subjected to or exposed to abuse, neglect or family violence. You have responsibilities for your children however you do not have a right to see or spend time with your children. Your children have a right to have a meaningful relationship with both of their parents if it is safe for them to do so and they will not be at risk of harm.\n\n\n\nDoolan Wagner Family Lawyers offer specialist family law advice in St Leonards on Sydney’s North Shore.  We have a dedicated team of experienced family lawyers prepared to handle your matter effectively and efficiently, providing reliable, direct and practical advice. If you have recently separated or have a Family Law enquiry, please contact us on (02) 9437 0010 or email at enquiries@familylawyersdw.com.au  \n\n\n\nAbout the Author: Lisa Wagner is Principal  and Managing Director of Doolan Wagner Family Lawyers.\n\n\nConnect with Lisa on LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/lisawagnerdwfl\n\n\n\nThis post is only intended as an overview or comment on current issues that may interest you and are not legal advice. If there are any matters that you would like us to advise you on, then please contact us on (02) 9437 0010.\n\nWhat you need to know about family therapy sessions if you are separated.\n\nParenting matters are often very stressful for all parties involved, children included. It is also an area that is fraught with complex emotional issues and can become increasingly complicated, particularly when the children begin entering into young adulthood.\n\nThe challenge in these sort of cases is to assist parents to recognise the need to support their children, whilst at the same time ensure that the children maintain a meaningful relationship with both parents, having regard to the paramount considerations outlined in Section 60CC of the Family Law Act 1975.\n\nIn some parenting matters, it is not unusual for one or more than one child to resist contact with one of their parents. The reason for the resistance can sometimes be nuanced and challenging for the Court to respond to. Whilst the Court can make any Orders it feels is in the child(ren)’s best interest, it is futile to make such Orders without first understanding (and dealing with) the emotional issues and/or trauma the child or children may have. In those instances, it is in the parties’ interest that they and/or the children consider attending family therapy.\n\nIn the event the parties do undertake family therapy in the context of separation, the next question is whether that therapy will be reportable or non-reportable.\n\n\nSo what does reportable family therapy and non-reportable family therapy mean in the context of family breakdown?\n\n\nAs the name suggests, reportable family therapy is where the family therapist will report to the Court as to the progress of the therapy. In some cases, a Court will direct families to engage in family therapy where the parties are made aware, at the outset, that the therapist will be called on to provide evidence to the Court. They may also be required to outline the parties’ progress with family therapy.\n\nIn some other circumstances, the Court may order parties or the child(ren) to participate in non-reportable family therapy. This means that the parties and the children attend upon a therapist in a completely confidential setting, without the fear that any information disclosed at those sessions will be disclosed at some point in the Court matter.\n\n\nWhen and how is family therapy accessed?\n\nWhilst there is no set rule as to when family therapy should be considered, it is often best introduced relatively early in any famiy law matter. Insodoing it allows underlying and important issues to be therapeutically addressed and possibly resolved or narrowed as quickly as possible, and without the need for unnecessary and often blunt Court intervention.\n\nAlthough, it should be noted that parties can begin family therapy at any stage in the matter, and indeed, it is often encouraged by the Court.\n\n\nWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of reportable family therapy?\n\nThere are clear advantages and disadvantages with respect to engaging in family therapy which is reportable to the Court, as follows:\n\n\n\n  1. If an Independent Children’s Lawyer is appointed, they would be able to speak with the family therapist on a regular basis to discuss ongoing issues and challenges, the progress of family therapy, and whether there are any matters or concerns the Court should be made aware of.\n\n\n  1. Following on from the above, should the Court become aware of any issues which arise in family therapy, it is able to make Orders which deal with this issue. For example, if one party has anger management issues, then the Court could order a party to enrol and participate in an anger management course to address this challenge.\n\n\n  1. In the event that a Court orders a Family Report to be conducted in a matter, then the expert appointed to prepare the report would be able to speak with the family therapist and better understand the complexities of the issues in dispute.\n\n\n  1. The family therapist would likely have access to Court material, which would allow them to be better informed of both parties’ allegations. Meaning, they would not be limited to only one party’s account. This can overcome problems that can arise should a “complete picture” not be available. For example, in the case of Maher & Mills (2015), it was found that the family therapist involved was providing the child with counterproductive counselling as he was accepting unconfirmed allegations of sexual abuse from only the mother. Eventually, his evidence was found to be inadmissible as he had “lost professional impartiality” in accepting the mother’s evidence unquestioningly.\n\n\n\n\n  1. Some parties may feel apprehensive or appear to be disinterested in the process, especially in circumstances where the Court may become aware of the issues addressed during family therapy. As a result, parties may be less receptive to opening up to the therapist and meaningfully engaging in the therapy. Alternatively, parties may also be deliberately selective in what they say to the therapist as they know it may contradict what was said to the Court.\n\n\n  1. When children (who are often significantly affected by parental separation) meet with a therapist, it is often a very delicate and fragile relationship. So when a practitioner reports on matters discussed with that child, it may damage their relationship, which might prevent any real progress from developing in the future.\n\n\n\nWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of non-reportable family therapy?\n\n\nSimilarly, there are advantages and disadvantages of engaging in non-reportable family therapy. They include:\n\n\n\n\n  1. By ensuring that the family therapy is completely confidential, it allows the parties (and the children) to feel as though they are in a safe space to discuss the issues in dispute, and in some cases, to allow a party to confront and accept any damage, they may have inflicted (whether consciously or unconsciously).\n\n\n  1. Non-reportable family therapy ensures that the important relationship between the practitioner and the party is protected as it avoids the risk that parties (and more importantly, children) may feel betrayed by a practitioner disclosing private information to the Courts. In the case of Hastings & March (2019), the trial Judge was asked to determine whether to permit into evidence the Subpoena material of a family therapist who had been treating the children for a number of years. The judge had serious concerns about the “potential damage to the therapeutic relationship” between the children and the therapist and as such upheld the objection and did not allow the material into evidence.\n\n\n\n\n\n  1. The Court (and if applicable the Independent Children’s Lawyer) would be unable to discuss family therapy with the practitioner. This also includes an expert who has been appointed to prepare a family report, which means that the report could potentially not contain crucial information that would be relevant for the Judge to make a determination.\n\n\n  1. The family therapist may not be provided with all the necessary and relevant information in order to provide an effective therapeutic service, and in turn, his or her involvement with the family may actually be more harmful than beneficial.\n\n\n\nIn conclusion, whether family therapy is reportable or non-reportable, it is evident that any additional assistance by an experienced family therapist would be a vital resource for families undergoing separation. However, parties should carefully consider at the outset, if possible, whether any family therapy that is appropriate for them (and their children) to participate in, should be reportable or non-reportable.\n\n\nAbout the Authors:\n\n\nConnect with Lisa on LinkedIn: Lisa Wagner\n\n\nAnthony Saba is a Family Lawyer at Doolan Wagner Family Lawyers. Anthony has worked for the past five years exclusively in family law in two other specialist CBD family law firms before joining Doolan Wagner Family Lawyers. He has experience in many other areas of law including commercial disputes, criminal matters and care and protection work.  Anthony has acted in complex property matters and parenting matters including difficult relocation matters and in matters where domestic violence has factored heavily. Anthony is currently completing his Masters in Family Law.\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8865600824356079}
{"content": "Elan Fitness\n\nA good air change in the 800 m2 power and athletics area at Elan Fitness in Wennigsen, DE, has contributed to the members not \"pausing for breath\".\n\nIn 2016, KE Fibertec provided an efficient air distribution in the fitness center, where the many different types of activities presented great challenges.\n\nThe choice fell on a KE-Inject Medium Velocity (MV) hybrid system. A total of 19,900 m³/h of air was distributed in three rooms of different size.\n\nPlease let us know if you have any questions", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999707937240601}
{"content": "• Marcus Baxby\n\nKeto for CrossFit?\n\nAs some of you may know, my training at the moment involves CrossFit, usually 3 or 4 times per week.\n\nWithout boring everyone about why I enjoy it so much, there are a few things you need to know about CrossFit.\n\nCrossFit involves strength, cardiovascular endurance, stamina and skills (mainly around Olympic weightlifting and gymnastics).\n\nIt is almost always performed at high intensities.\n\nFrom a physiological point of view, this means that it uses all three main energy systems –\n\nthe PCr system (for explosive efforts of less than 10 seconds, eg. An Olympic lift),\n\nthe anaerobic glycolytic system (for up to three minute high intensity efforts),\n\nand the aerobic system, for longer, low-moderate intensity efforts.\n\nCrossFit generally consists of combinations of exercises, in an ‘interval’ format, meaning that the first two systems are predominantly utilised for the majority of workouts.\n\nThe aerobic system will be utilised as well, but mostly in the background, or during longer, ‘single modality’ workouts such as a long run, bike or row (or combination thereof).\n\nATP is the energy currency of the body, meaning that to have energy to do anything, we need to produce ATP.\n\nThe PCr system utilises the small amount of creatine phosphate that is stored in the muscles.\n\nThis generates ATP rapidly, but is in limited supply, meaning that the capacity of the PCr system is limited to around 10 seconds, and that it is used for short, explosive efforts.\n\nIn CrossFit, this could be an Olympic lift, a max effort squat, or an explosive jump.\n\nSupplementing with creatine monohydrate has huge benefits for this system, and improves maximal strength, and the ability of the body to recover from maximal efforts.\n\nThe anaerobic glycolytic system does not use oxygen, but uses glucose (hence anaerobic glycolytic),\n\nThe glucose is broken down into ATP and pyruvate. The pyruvate, in turn, is broken down further into more ATP, producing even more energy.\n\nThis system is utilised for ‘prolonged’ high intensity exercise, usually lasting between 10 and 30 seconds, but sometimes up to 3 minutes in well-trained individuals.\n\nIn CrossFit, this system is relied on a lot.\n\nAs we said, the anaerobic glycolytic system uses glucose.\n\nThe main source of glucose is… carbohydrates in the diet.\n\nWe will come back to this.\n\nThe final system is the aerobic system, which relies on oxygen, combined with the oxidation of either carbs, or fats, or both.\n\nBecause CrossFit uses all three energy systems (the PCr, anaerobic glycolitc and aerobic systems), glucose is required in order to perform these types of workouts.\n\nI came across an article recently (from a popular CrossFit news site), which had the title ‘if you’re serious about CrossFit, you should try Keto’.\n\nFor those not familiar, ‘Keto’, aka the ketogenic diet, is a protocol whereby carbohydrates are kept at extremely low levels (less than 10% of total calories), protein is relatively low (between 15-25% total calories) and fat is jacked up to between 60-80% of total calories.\n\nFor context, fat normally comprises about 20 – 35% of total calories.\n\nA classic keto meal\n\nThe idea behind the article was that people on Keto diets would:\n\na. Lose weight\n\nb. Not lose strength; and\n\nc. Become able to utilise fat instead of carbohydrates for exercise\n\nSo let’s dissect each of these one by one\n\na. Weight loss\n\nPeople on ketogenic diets do often lose weight, that’s true.\n\nHowever, as has been proven in the research time and time again, nobody loses weight independent of energy balance.\n\nThere is sometimes greater adherence to a keto diet (often because of mistaken beliefs about its ‘magical’ properties), which leads people to stick to it for longer.\n\nThereby eating fewer calories.\n\nAnd losing weight.\n\nA calorie deficit remains the principle.\n\nKeto is just one method.\n\nb. Not losing strength\n\nThe author (who by the way identified himself as a ‘Certified Ketogenic Health Coach’, not a nutritionist or doctor – vested interest anyone?) did, to his credit, cite some scientific research.\n\nHowever, the studies on the effects of keto were not long enough for strength to be lost, didn’t study enough people (only 12 participants) and as we know, the most important factors in muscle and strength are a) training and b) protein, both of which the participants continued to broadly the same degree.\n\nThe studies didn’t prove what he thought they did, and while people didn’t lose strength on average, they did lose some leg muscle mass, which could negatively affect performance had the study been carried out over a longer period of time.\n\nc. Utilising fat instead of carbohydrate\n\nThis is the crux of the argument, and where a good understanding of performance nutrition is required.\n\nThe first thing to say is that the body, under normal circumstances, utilises fat at relatively low intensities.\n\nWalking, slow running, carrying out daily chores.\n\nIt’s also very important to note that we are talking about fat from food – NOT fat tissue on the body.\n\nCarbs, on the other hand are the body’s preferred fuel source, particularly at higher intensities.\n\nNow, the author correctly identified that lower carb diets increases the body’s ability to use fat for fuel.\n\nBut his understanding stopped there.\n\nWhen carbohydrates are low (like they are in a keto diet), the body has no option but to use fat instead, even at higher intensities.\n\nThis is known as becoming ‘fat adapted’.\n\nRestriction of carbohydrates means that the body is forced into using fat for fuel, instead of carbohydrates.\n\nThis can happen in as little as 5 days.\n\nThe body may also start to utilise protein for making glucose, instead of dietary carbohydrates (again, because it has no choice when there are no dietary carbohydrates!)\n\nThis is a process called gluconeogenesis, and this is a rare, and a much less efficient way of producing glucose.\n\nBecoming fat adapted can be useful (and can a crucial part of becoming a better endurance athlete).\n\nThe reason for this, however, is not because fat is a superior fuel source, but because it is useful for the body to be able to switch effectively between fat and carbohydrates for fuel at appropriate times.\n\nThis ability to switch between carbs and fats at the appropriate time is known as ‘metabolic flexibility’\n\nIncreasing metabolic flexibility can be a crucial part of a training programme, particularly where endurance is involved.\n\nAn over-reliance on carbohydrates as a fuel source could be damaging to performance, as energy supplies may run out quickly, particularly in longer events, and therefore it is useful to be able to use fat at appropriate times.\n\nThe longer the body is able to use fats, the more the carbohydrates are spared, and remain stored for when they are needed most.\n\nThis can be beneficial for longer distance events, as if the body is able to oxidise fat at higher intensities, muscle glycogen (stored carbohydrates) is saved for later, or more intense portions of the race, such as hill climbs or sprint finishes.\n\nIt’s worth noting that endurance exercise itself increases fat adaptation, but there is some evidence that reducing carbohydrates for some training sessions can further increase the capacity to utilise fat at higher intensities.\n\nTeam sports, endurance athletes, and yes, CrossFitters, can all benefit from doing some training sessions with low carbohydrate availability so as to increase their ability to utilise fat as fuel – particularly for endurance-based sessions.\n\nSeveral methods of training with low carbohydrate availability have been explored in the research, and much of the literature, as well as many of the discussions amongst practitioners within performance nutrition, now centre upon the way in which carbohydrates are periodised in order to maximise the response from a training regimen.\n\nTraining with low carbohydrate availability stimulates the machinery used for fat metabolism, and improves aerobic, oxidative metabolism capacity within cells.\n\nTrain Low is the most popular carb periodisation strategy, and usually involves training first thing in the morning, without eating, particularly a longer cardio session.\n\nAnother strategy is to do a glycogen depleting session, not eating carbohydrates afterwards (thereby not replenishing muscle glycogen), and doing another session later in the day.\n\nFor much longer sessions, athletes could start a session with low carbohydrate availability, then eat some carbs (such as an energy gel or energy drink) during the session, so that carbs are available for the end of the session.\n\nA combination ‘Sleep Low’ strategy involves doing a glycogen-depleting session in the afternoon or evening, not replenishing carbohydrates afterwards (just eating protein), then going to bed, and waking up to do another training session.\n\nThe strategy can therefore be adapted to the specific athlete.\n\nHowever, while it is useful to have the ability to use fat where appropriate, it’s ALSO useful to be able to burn carbohydrates at higher intensities.\n\nThe research that has been done in this area shows that, while athletes who reduced carbohydrates on a chronic basis burned more fat (became fat adapted), their performance either stayed the same or got worse.\n\nIn addition, reducing carbs long-term, such as with a ketogenic diet, means that the ability to burn carbohydrates at high intensities is actually lost.\n\nSo you become unable to burn carbohydrates at high intensities, when they are most needed.\n\nYou lose your ‘top gear’ so to speak.\n\nTo circle back to the start, CrossFit is mostly performed at high intensity.\n\nAnd carbohydrates are the fuel source that works best at those high intensities.\n\nSo yes – you can still do CrossFit on a keto diet.\n\n(as in, you will be physically able to).\n\nBut if you want to optimise performance, and perform at your best, you will need carbohydrates.\n\nSo if you’re serious about CrossFit?\n\nDon’t do Keto.\n\n35 views0 comments\n\nKnutsford, Cheshire, England, United Kingdom\n\n©2018 by NewBee Nutrition. Proudly created with Wix.com", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.672283947467804}
{"content": "eco friendly apartment\n\nZero waste is the goal for those hoping to leave a smaller carbon footprint. How can 68% of the earth’s population that lives in urban areas reduce their waste? Here are seven tips for an eco-friendlier, waste-free apartment.\n\nThe First Step\n\nYou will realize the amount of trash created in your apartment once you start to pay attention. Make a list either on your phone or a re-writable board. Jot down what you are throwing away; after a week of tracking, you will find that many of the items you are tossing do not have to be food for landfills.\n\n\nOne of your first investments to create an eco-friendly apartment should be a set of reusable bags. For about 99 cents each, you can buy lightweight, washable bags that are made from recycled polyester at Ikea. Put all of them into one and keep it at the door, when you grab your keys, you will see the bag and poof, and no more grocery bags tossed in the bin. Use the bags for all your errand–not just the grocery store. Because they are washable, you do not have to worry about cross-contamination.\n\nWhere Does It Go?\n\nIf you live in an apartment building that has a trash chute, be mindful of the items you send down. Generally, there is only a chute with a large bin at the bottom that is picked up and emptied in a landfill. Solid, non-re-cyclable materials are the types of articles that should be in a landfill. At present, there are enough landfills to accommodate the trash our country produces at the current rate for another 20+ years.\n\nAs John Cox, a neighbor to the Frey Farm Landfill says, “Nobody wants a landfill. Everyone needs one.” According to David Biderman, executive director and CEO of the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), “Landfills are essential parts of our national infrastructure. It’s essential that they operate properly to protect health and the environment.”\n\nSeparate Your Waste\n\nMany apartment complexes, whether you live in a trendy neighborhood like Chicago’s Wicker Park or New York City’s West Village, have large dumpsters in a back corner that you walk your garbage to, and others have trash valet services. This process involves someone rolling a large cart down may be warned or fined for putting your trash out on a wrong day. When you sign your lease, it is wise to ask about waste removal. Many trash valet companies will ask you to separate landfill trash from recyclable waste, and you may be required to use a specific colored trash bag for each type of waste. Regardless of how your trash gets moved to a dumpster, remember to separate items into recyclable or landfill containers.\n\nHerbs and Green Plants\n\nOne of the easiest and most fun ways to cut down on waste is to plant an herb garden. You will enjoy the benefits of fresh herbs, the convenience of having herbs and vegetables right on your windowsill or counter, and, most of all; there will be no excess plastic to dispose of. Try some of the tips from A Piece of Rainbow to grow vegetables from the scraps you would usually toss. For easy to follow directions and a list of basic supplies check out the DIY Network.\n\nNot only do houseplants add to your visual décor, but they are immensely beneficial to your health. NASA did a study on the effects of houseplants in small spaces and found that many plants remove chemicals from the air. Carbon dioxide, benzene, and formaldehyde a just a few of the harmful toxins trapped by plants. Your grandmother’s ivy had a serious job to do.\n\nCompost Your Wet Trash\n\nThe process of composting helps keep food out of landfills. This is a good idea because decaying food creates methane gas, which contributes to the greenhouse effect. If composting sounds difficult or at the very least like something only done on farms, check out this entertaining and informational video on In an apartment, a countertop composter is an easy product to use.\n\nCleaning Tools and Green Cleaning Products\n\nCleaning may not be anyone’s favorite chore. One way to help create a more healthful cleaning day is to use compostable tools. When a compostable scrub brush reaches the end of its usefulness, toss it in your compost bin. It will decompose along with last week’s banana peels. Plastic brushes are not any better, but they take thousands of years to decompose.\n\nUse washable rags–possibly made from old tee-shirts–instead of rolls of paper toweling to wipe up spills. Green cleaning supplies are significantly safer to use and pose no risk to the environment when rinsed down the drain.\n\nThe process of creating an eco-friendly, waste-free apartment only takes a little thought and planning and will help you achieve a healthier environment for you and your family.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5381100177764893}
{"content": "\n\n\nRibbed Balloon Sleeve Split Hem Bodycon Dress\n\n$7 ($25)\nSorry, this product is currently out of stock.\nSee more at prettylittlething.com\n\nnThis bodycon dress is versatile for any occasion Featuring a terracotta ribbed fabric with balloon sleeves and a split hem team this with chunky boots and hoop earrings to complete the look nLength approx 85cm 33 5 n Based on a sample size UK 8 nModel wears size UK 8 EU 36 AUS 8 US 4 nModel Height 5ft 9 n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8010952472686768}
{"content": "Pazhassi Tomb\n\nPazhassi Tomb is a simple but beautiful tomb built in Mananthavady, Wayanad. Pazhassi tomb is situated 37 kilometers from Sulthan Bathery, 32 kilometers north east from Kalpetta, and just a kilometer away from Mananthavady. Pazhassi tomb is built as a memorial for the Veera Pazhassi Raja. Veera Pazhassi Raja who was famously known as the Lion of Kerala. Pazhassi raja was a key player in the Indian independence revolution against British.\nPazhassi Raja, heir of Kottayam royal family, was one among the pioneers in revolt against the East India Company. He carried out guerilla type warfare attacks against British and carried out a long tenure of revolution against British.\nThere is a cave by name Pulpally cave near Pazhassi tomb. It was in this Pulpally cave that veer Pazhassi raja took refuge till the time British captured him. During the end of 1805, veer Pazhassi raja was killed by British in a ferocious encounter. The point of cremation of Pazhassi raja is where the Pazhassi tomb was constructed as a memorial for him. Nearby Pazhassi tomb is the Pazhassi museum which has a sword that is believed to be from Pazhassi era. Tourists who love to visit places of historical importance should make it a point to visit this place without fail. Multi cultural visitors can also enjoy the beauty of this tomb and visit the museum to know more about the cultural heritage of Kerala.\n\nNear Mananthavady-1km, Pick an auto from Mananthavady.\nThe nearest airport is Karipur Airport (Calicut International Airport) at Kozhikode, which is about 100 km away from Mananthavady city. Karipur is connected to many Indian cities such as Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. Direct flights are also available from Karipur to many gulf countries like Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.\nRailway Station:\nThe nearest railway station is at Kozhikode about 100 km away from Mananthavady. Kozhikode is very well connected to all major cities in India and frequent direct train services are available to Chennai, Bangalore, Trivandrum and Kochi.\n\nTourist Place to Visit in Wayanad District, Kerala", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9902053475379944}
{"content": "Scattered Showers & Storms Continue\n\nThe stalled out frontal boundary responsible for the periods of showers and thunderstorms will continue to impact the weather around the Sauk Valley today and beyond. Some locally heavy rainfall is still possible with any of the storms around the area today.\n\nLooking at rainfall totals from the last 12 hours (6pm Monday through 6am today) you can see a good swath of widespread amounts over an inch.\n\n\nLeftover showers this morning will give way to mostly cloudy conditions for the remainder of the morning. This afternoon a few peaks of sunshine will be possible along with the chance for more scattered showers and thunderstorms, especially towards the evening hours. Highs today are expected to be in the lower 70s.\n\nTonight the front attempts to move to the north of the area, but continued chances for showers and thunderstorms will still be around. Lows around 59.\n\nWednesday the front finally moves to the north of the area and temperatures get quite a boost with windy conditions. There may be a few leftover showers and storms in the morning, but by the afternoon hours a few peaks of sunshine will be likely with highs near 80 degrees.\n\nDaily chances for showers and storms continue through the rest of the week. It doesn't look like we'll get a break until early next week when a cold front finally moves through the area.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6107657551765442}
{"content": "Negotiable instruments (1)\n\nNegotiable instruments are written and signed documents which represent an intangible right of payment for a specified sum of money, either on demand or at a defined time. If correctly drafted, often using specific language defined by law, such a document becomes negotiable (=freely transferable). This quiz tests your understanding of the vocabulary of negotiable […]\n\nBack to:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9995589256286621}
{"content": "Military base in miami florida\n\nDoes Miami have a military base?\n\nISC Miami Coast Guard Base in Miami Beach, FL Integrated Support Command Miami is one of the few similar commands run by the United States Coast Guard throughout the country. Just like the other centers, this one is responsible for the military troops – both active and retired – who need specific services.\n\nWhere are military bases in Florida?\n\n\nWhat military bases are in Tampa Florida?\n\nMacDill Air Force Base ( MacDill AFB ) (IATA: MCF , ICAO: KMCF, FAA LID: MCF ) is an active United States Air Force installation located 4 miles (6.4 km) south-southwest of downtown Tampa, Florida.\n\nIs Homestead Air Force Base still active?\n\nHomestead ARB was established in 1942 as Homestead Army Airfield (AAF). After its destruction by Hurricane Andrew in August 1992, the base was taken off active status and rebuilt, reopening as an Air Force Reserve facility in 1994.\n\nWhich state has the most military bases?\n\n\nHow many military bases are in Texas?\n\nfifteen military bases\n\nWhat are the best army bases to be stationed at?\n\n\nWhere is the largest US military base?\n\nFort Bragg\n\nYou might be interested:  Fort meade military base\n\nHow far is Patrick AFB from Orlando?\n\nabout 43 miles\n\nDoes Fort Lauderdale have a military base?\n\nNaval Air Station Fort Lauderdale .\n\nWhy is Centcom in Tampa?\n\nCENTCOM COALITION. The U.S. Central Command ( CENTCOM ) Coalition at MacDill Air Force Base (AFB) in Tampa , Florida, is one of the largest military coalitions in U.S. history. Following the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001, the coalition began to form with a common purpose – to fight terrorism. “Beginning on Sept.\n\nWhat planes are at MacDill AFB?\n\nMacDill AFB is home to the USAF KC-135 and C-37 ( Gulfstream V ). Additionally a wide variety of fighter and cargo Air Force, Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Corps and other civilian aircraft regularly visit for training.\n\nWhat is the largest Air Force base in the world?\n\nFort Bragg\n\nWhere is Hurlburt AFB located?\n\nFlorida Panhandle\n\nDoes Homestead AFB have a commissary?\n\n— Commissary patrons attending the Guard-Reserve on-site sale at Homestead Air Reserve Base, Fla., can order their products online now and pick them up during the event. “They can shop early and ensure they get products in the quantities they want.”", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9996061325073242}
{"content": "Friday, June 30, 2017\n\n\nI have a birthday coming up next week and so my wife asked me to make a list of what I would like as a present.\n\nThe following is a list of the price, per 750ml bottle, of the world's most expensive red wines.\n\n10. Chateau Margaux 2009 – $4,062\n9. Domaine de la Romanee-Conti 1990 – $20,975\n8. Chateau Mouton-Rothschild 1945 – $23,000\n7. Chateau Lafite 1865 – $24,577\n6. Inglenook Cabernet Sauvignon 1941 – $24,675\n5. Cheval Blanc 1947 – $33,781\n4. Penfolds Grange Hermitage 1951 – $38,420\n3. Chateau Lafite 1787 – $160,000\n2. Chateau Margaux 1787 – $500,000\n1. Screaming Eagle Cabernet Sauvignon 1992 – $500,000\n\nAsking for all of them would just be plain greedy, so I'll let her choose.\n\nMonday, June 26, 2017\n\nWhat makes a good VINE\n\nThe eventual taste and quality of a wine depends on a number of factors:\nLatitude: Wine-producing vines are grown all over the world in a belt roughly between thirty and fifty degrees latitude north or south of the equator. North of the equator includes the Mediterranean region as far north as Germany, and from sSouthern California as far north as Washington State. South of the equator, the band runs from Central Chile and Argentina, through the tip of South Africa to Southern Australia and New Zealand. The further away from the equator, the less sun there is. Less sun means less sugar and fruit on the vine, and consequently less alcohol and less color in the wine. Wines grown closer to the equator by contrast have more body, a darker color, and higher alcohol content.\nElevation: Where there is less sun, vines need to be grown on a slope so that they catch as much sunlight as possible. This is why German vineyards are all on south-facing slopes of river valleys. Vineyards in the South of France by contrast, already get enough sunlight and so do not need the angled slopes. In California, where fog from the cold Pacific creeps into the valleys most evenings, some types of grapes benefit from the cooling effects of the fog, while other grapes, such as Zinfandel, thrive at a higher elevation above the fog line.\nSoil and drainage: Unlike most other crops, good vines do not benefit from rich fertile soil. Most vineyards are found in stony and infertile regions—but with good drainage. Poor topsoil forces the root of the vine to force itself deep into the ground in search of water. This results in stronger and more powerful roots, which can better absorb the complex taste of the minerals through which they dig. Limestone, chalk, volcanic pumice, and gravel are all especially favorable for vines, as they absorb and store rainwater and are rich in complex minerals from ancient marine life.\nClimate: The prevailing microclimate of individual regions obviously has a major influence on the cultivation of grapes. The Languedoc region of Southern France has long, hot summers, little rain, and the drying effect of the Mistral winds, thus producing large quantities of dark-red wine with high alcohol. The river valleys of the Mosel in Germany have a much cooler climate with far more rain, and consequently produce pale-white wines which are low in alcohol.\nClimate Change: Controversial or not, climate change is having a profound effect on the world’s vineyards, especially in Europe, where the boundary for wine growing moves steadily northward. The vineyards of Burgundy, which have always been vulnerable to cold winters resulting in poor harvests, have enjoyed an unprecedented twenty years of perfect growing seasons. The worry is that eventually, as the climate warms, it will become too hot for the Pinot Noir and Chardonnays, which also need cool evenings in order to produce that Burgundian magic. In Germany, too, with the extra sunshine, the Riesling grapes are producing more sugar, and thus the Auslese wines of the Moselle are becoming sweeter and more alcoholic.\nThe main beneficiaries of climate change are the English, who are finally able to grow their own vines and make their own wine without being beholden to any beastly foreigners. Various French Champagne houses are actually buying land in Southern England and planting vineyards in the same chalky, limestone soil they are used to back home in Northern France. The area of vines planted in England and Wales has doubled from 761 hectares in 2004 to about 1,500 hectares in 2013. The country now has almost 500 vineyards, and English “champagnes” are winning international prizes and being compared favorably—even by the French—to the best French Champagnes. In 1998, an English Classic Cuvée 1993, won first prize at the International Wine & Spirit Competition and was voted best sparkling wine in the world.\nVarietal: Varietal refers to the specific type of grape, each of which have different requirements and produce different types of wine. Some varietals need more rain while others need more sun. Some varietals require a longer growing season, some bud early in the year, others reach fruition later. Over the centuries, winegrowers have matched the different varieties of grape with the ideal climate, elevation, and soil type. In Europe, with over 2,000 years of experience, different regions have their own specific grape varietal; in Burgundy, all red wines are made from the Pinot Noir grape, while in Tuscany all red wines are made with the Sangiovese grape. (The major different varietals are described alphabetically starting in Chapter Six.)\nVintner: The vintner, or winemaker, is the person whose decisions affect the final quality of the wine. Until recently, the vintner would rely on tradition, using the wisdom and experience passed down from his father and grandfather who had typically been producing wine in the same place for generations. These days, the vintner is probably university-trained and bases his decisions on the latest scientific research. Another major difference is that these days, the vintner is very often female, as more and more women are running vineyards and directing wineries. Today, there are even “Flying Winemakers” who travel the world, sharing their expertise for the week or two they spend visiting different vineyards and wineries on their travels.\n\nThe Vine: The vine is nature’s factory that produces the sugar out of earth, air, sun and water which the vintner will ultimately use to make wine. The roots of the vine pull water out of the earth, while the chlorophyll in the green leaves draws carbon dioxide out of the surrounding air. By the magical process of photosynthesis, light from the sun transforms these simple ingredients into sucrose sugars. The rising sap then takes this sucrose into the flesh of the grapes, which is used to provide the seeds with energy. This whole cycle has no other purpose than to provide the seeds with enough food and vigor to start the next generation. The production of juicy grapes or fine wines is purely incidental to Nature, whose only interest lies in propagating the endless cycle of birth and rebirth.\n\nThursday, June 22, 2017\n\nFinally - the printed book!\n\nI've just received a proof copy of my book, The Booklovers' Guide to Wine from my publisher at Books&Books Press. For any writer, this is always the most exciting moment; holding the physical reality of all that work and research ... not to mention all that wine!\n\nPublication is still planned for September. Can't wait.\n\nMonday, June 19, 2017\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWe are not limited to food or taste metaphors, as a visual species we have other tools to describe wine. Karen MacNeil, the well-respected wine critic and author of the Wine Bible quoted a restaurant owner’s description of Viognier wine. “If a good German Riesling is like an ice-skater (fast, racy with a cutting edge), and Chardonnay is like a middle-heavyweight boxer (paunchy, solid, powerful), then Viognier would have to be described as a female gymnast – beautiful and perfectly shaped, with muscle but superb agility and elegance.”  Britt Karlson, the Swedish wine critic once described an unfortunate wine as \"… ideal for serving at a funeral dinner, because it provokes a fitting mood of sorrow and grief.\"\n\n\n\nSunday, June 18, 2017\n\nNew Wine Class\n\nMy new wine class begins tomorrow evening, Monday June 19th.\nIt's about the 25th or so program that I've conducted at Books & Books and, as always, I am excited about starting a new class and meeting a whole new group of students.\n\nWhat is always amusing, to me, is how this group of adult strangers will awkwardly interact during the first class - not knowing each other, not knowing what to expect - and yet by the final class they will all be best friends, exchanging e-mail addresses and knowing so much about each other's wine preferences - and so much else.\n\nIf you were not aware of this class, unfortunately it is sold out, but I am sure we will run another class in the Fall. Just contact and she will make sure you're included in the next session.\n\nSummer Wine Class: June 19 - July 24, 2017\n\n\nGables store: 305.442.4408\n\nSunday, June 11, 2017\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFriday, June 9, 2017\n\n\nWhile the word “acid” evokes images of car batteries rather than a refreshing beverage, acids play an important role in both the making and tasting of wine. The two major acids, tartaric and malic, are both naturally present in the grapes as they first develop on the vine.\n\nTartaric acid, Unlike malic acid, is not so common in the plant world and, outside the tropics, is almost exclusive to the grape vine. One of the ways that archeologists have been able to identify ancient wine-producing sites is through traces of tartaric acid. Because tartaric acid is unique to the grape vine, residue of tartaric crystals in amphora and other containers provides an indication of a winemaking culture. Depending on the varietal of the grape and the temperature, tartaric acids can sometimes crystalize in the wine. When this happens, the crystals sink to the bottom of the bottles, where they resemble broken glass or “wine diamonds.” Although they are perfectly harmless and tasteless, consumers object to these crystals, and so most winemakers try to remove excess tartaric acid before bottling.\n\nMalic acid is found in just about every fruit and berry plant and is most commonly associated with apples, which is where it derives its name, malum, the Latin word for apple. It is that sharp astringent taste of green apples which is most recognizable in an acidic wine. The malic acids play an important role in the growth of the vine, providing energy during photosynthesis and, at veraison, metabolizing into sugar. It is the malic acid which provides the sharpness to the flavors and which balances the sweetness of any residual sugars, as well as complementing the bitterness of the tannins in red wine. Too much malic acid in a wine will make it tart and unpleasantly astringent, and too little will make the wine taste flabby and dead.  The correct amount of malic acid is what provides the balance and harmony of a great wine.\n\nLactic acid. Unlike the other acids, is not found in the grapes, but is a product of a secondary fermentation. Most white wines and some red wines are not subject to the secondary fermentation, and therefore do not contain any lactic acid. Secondary, or Malolactic Fermentation, is the process by which certain bacteria convert the tart malic acids into the softer lactic acids. Lactic acid was first derived from sour milk in the eighteenth century, and the name comes from the Latin word for milk, lact. Most red wines and most Chardonnays undergo malolactic fermentation, partly to soften the tartness of the malic acids but also for the improved “mouth-feel” that results. Unlike, say, a Sauvignon Blanc, which retains the green-apple-sharpness of the malic acids, a Chardonnay following malolactic fermentation will have the softer, more “buttery” feel and flavor of the lactic acid.\n\nAcetic acid is a product of the primary fermentation when the yeasts are converting the sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide. If the wine is further exposed to oxygen, the alcohol will be converted by bacteria into ascetic acid and eventually into vinegar. Not a good acid.\n\nIn addition to balancing the taste of the sugars and tannins in wine to create the complex harmony that wine drinkers so enjoy, acids also play an important role in protecting and stabilizing the wine on its journey from the initial fermentation barrels to its happy arrival in our glass.\n\nSaturday, June 3, 2017\n\n\nLike tannins, sulphites are often mentioned in connection with wine and their role and effects are often misunderstood. All wines contain sulphur dioxide, SO2, in various forms, collectively known as sulphites and even in completely natural wine it is present at concentrations of up to 10 milligrams per liter. The most important thing to understand is that sulphites are an entirely natural bi-product of yeast metabolism during fermentation and would be found in wines even if the winemaker added nothing to the juice. \n\nThe Romans used to burn sulphur beneath their upturned amphora or wine containers to sterilize them before use and winemakers have been adding various amounts of sulphites ever since to prevent bacteria and bad yeasts from developing in the wine. In the late 1840s European vineyards were nearly all destroyed by a disease called oïdium and were saved only at the last moment by nation-wide applications of sulpher dust. \n\nSulphites play a very important role in preventing oxidization and maintaining a wine’s freshness. Even so, compared to processed foods, dried fruit, sodas, packaged meats or even commercial fruit juice the amount of sulphites in wine is miniscule. On visits to Europe over the years, I have often been given bottles of wine made by friends for local consumption, not for export. These fresh wines which were delicious when drunk locally, had been made without the addition of sulphites and were sadly undrinkable by the time I had brought them home to the USA.\n\nU.S. wine labels are required to indicate if the sulphite level exceeds 10 parts per million (ppm). Many red wines contain sulphite levels of 50 ppm but this should be compared with the 2,000 ppm sulphite level of French fries to put it in perspective. Some people blame the sulphites for the headaches they suffer when drinking red wine but in fact red wine has much lower sulphites than white wine and headaches are more likely to be caused by the tannins, the histamines or even the extra alcohol in red wines. Despite some of the hysteria about sulphites, the levels of sulpher dioxide in wines is too small to have any adverse health effects except for those people who are clinically allergic to sulphites, and the FDA estimates this to be less than 1% of the population. \n\nIf you have eaten dried fruit or French fries with no ill-effects, then continue to drink your wine and not worry about sulphites.\n\nFriday, June 2, 2017\n\nOldest Bordeaux?\n\nThere is an interesting article in last month's Vivino discussing what is possibly the oldest bottle of Bordeaux in the world.\n\nFor those readers who are interested in really old, pre-Phylloxera wines, I must recommend a wonderful book by Benjamin Wallace entitled 'The Billionaire's Vinegar.'", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5023348331451416}
{"content": "Question 3. Answer: By the process of convection. A. Schülerversuch: Wasser zum kochen bringen und abkühlen lassen. Clinical thermometer . How does the transfer of heat take place in water or air? So, when a particular amount of heat is supplied to the thermometer bulb consisting of mercury (by the hot body whose temperature is to be measured), then the mercury expands and get rises in the glass tube of the thermometer. It is used to measure the temperatures in school or other laboratories for scientific purpose as they measure temperatures to a range higher than clinical thermometers. Look at ... Read more Grade 7 Heat Worksheets Question 1. Both the clinical thermometer and laboratory thermometer are mercury thermometers. MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science: Ch 4 Heat. Das Minimum- Maximium- Thermometer . the normal approximate temperature of a human body is 37° C or 98.6° F but it varies depending on age, activity, time of the day, environmental conditions, etc. State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer. Die genommen Messdaten sollen erfasst und mit dem Computer ausgewertet und dargestellt werden. Answer:-10°C to 110°C. The thermometer is represented with a diagram as well to aid students in recognising this device to measure body temperature. stärkemesser, ein Luftfeuchtigkeitsanzeiger, ein Regenmesser und ein Thermometer sein. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. Give two examples each of conductors and insulators of heat. Discuss why wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps us warmer than wearing just one thick piece of clothing. The 4 most important are: - Clinical thermometer : Includes traditional thermometer and electronic. Question 4. Clinical Thermometer; Reading a Clinical thermometer; Human body temperature; Laboratory thermometer; Precautions; Heat transfer; Conduction; Convection; Sea Breeze and Land Breeze; Radiation; Reasons to wear light colored clothes in Summer; Class 7 Chemistry Heat: Sea Breeze and Land Breeze: Sea Breeze and Land Breeze . Dabei alle 60 sec. Name the process in which a solid directly changes into gas on heating. Clinical thermometer can never be used for measuring the temperature of any object other than human body. Each thermometer has been created specially to make its measurement in a certain place, but absolutely everyone has the same unique function: to measure the temperature of something. Class 7 Chemistry Heat: Laboratory thermometer: Laboratory thermometer. Einhundert Grad ist die Siedetemperatur von Wasser. 4. The activity discussed in our Notes on Heat Class 7 teaches you how to use a clinical thermometer. This fact is used in measuring the temperature. Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type. The land gets heated up by the heat radiated by the … Answer: A clinical thermometer is used to measure the temperature of human body. Question: Explain the construction and working of a clinical thermometer with the help of a diagram. Write the range of laboratory thermometer. NCERT Solutions; _Class 6; _Class 7; _Class 8; _Class 9; _Class 10; _Class 11; _Class 12; Revision Notes; _Class 6 ; _Class 7; _Class 8; _Class 9; _Class 10; _Class 11; _Class 12; Important Questions; _Class 6; _Class 7; _Class 8; _Class 9; _Class 10; _Class 11; _Class 12; Download App; Watch … die Temperatur messen. Temperaturkurven zeichnen Temperaturwerte an einem Sommertag. MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science: Ch 4 Heat. Bei 100 Grad siedet das Wasser. Tabelle erstellen und Diagramm zeichnen. The use of the thermometer depends very much on the reason why it was manufactured. Question 2. This is \"Clinical Thermometer - Class 7\" by PITB on Vimeo, the home for high quality videos and the people who love them. It rises or falls under a state of illness. … (Bauanleitungen beispielsweise in Natur Plus 7, Schroedel 1997) Es sollen regelmäßige Messungen erhoben werden. 2. Hier finden Sie eine Übersicht über weitere … Answer the following questions in short: 1. Answer: Sublimation. 3.\n\n\nPercolation Threshold In 2d, Palm Kernel Cracking Machine For Sale In Nigeria, Picture Description In French Example, Gokarna Tourism Covid, Gokarna Atma Linga, Char-broil Non Stick Grill Basket W/detach Handle, Ashley Furniture Maine, Benefits Of Spinach,", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7604244947433472}
{"content": "AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction\n\n\nMore and more people use virtual assistants in their everyday life (e.g., on their mobile phones, in their homes, or in their cars). So-called vehicle assistance systems have evolved over the years and now perform various proactive tasks. However, we still lack concrete guidelines with all the specifics that one needs to consider to build virtual assistants that provide a convincing user experience (especially in vehicles). This research provides guidelines for designing virtual in- vehicle assistants. The developed guidelines offer a clear and structured overview of what designers have to consider while designing virtual in-vehicle assistants for a convincing user experience. Following design science research principles, we designed the guidelines based on the existing literature on the requirements of assistant systems and on the results from interviewing experts. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the guidelines, we developed a virtual reality prototype that considered the design guidelines. In a user experience test with 19 participants, we found that the prototype was easy to use, allowed good interaction, and increased the users’ overall comfort.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999786615371704}
{"content": "How To Write the Best Recognition Strategy – Part 2\n\nCreating a Recognition Purpose and Philosophy Statement­—Part 2 of 4\n\nI’ve outlined the reasons why you should have a written recognition strategy for your organization. But where do you begin with creating one?\n\nOrganizations need a North Star to guide their recognition efforts. Which makes the first step in crafting a recognition strategy as creating a recognition purpose statement and accompanying philosophy statement.\n\nHaving a recognition purpose and philosophy statement unifies organizational leaders and those responsible for employee recognition practices and programs. It gets everyone nodding their heads in agreement with what they have outlined. Everyone is on the same page as to why you have recognition and what you believe about it.\n\nSo, let’s figure out how to create one.\n\n\nTelling People The Difference Their Actions Make Is Important\n\nIn life, I strive for a basic level of minimalism. I still have a lot of things, but I continually get rid of some things I no longer need or use so I can focus more on what’s most important to me­—such as family, friends, joy, and freedom. Minimalism can make a real difference.\n\nHowever, when expressing recognition to the people you and I work with, there is no need for minimalism with how you communicate your praise and appreciation to them. That means, as I have said before, that those meaningless, short phrases like “good job” and “well done,” don’t work. \n\nIf you’re still using them, you’ve gone too far with decluttering your recognition messaging. \n\nThis post is all about showing you the importance of telling people the difference their positive actions make on others. \n\n\nHow To Get Your Leaders To Use Your Recognition Programs\n\nWhen I conducted a management survey several years ago in the public sector, a response to one question asked revealed that 93 percent of all managers said senior leader involvement in recognition programs was very or extremely important. A large majority, 75 percent, said it was extremely important. \n\nThe reality? \n\nThese same managers said only 21 percent of leaders were very involved with their recognition programs. \n\nOur research shows that organizations with leaders committed to supporting award and recognition programs strategically, financially, and by example, have higher employee evaluations for feeling appreciated for their contributions on the job.\n\nAll that remains for you to do is to get your leaders using your online recognition programs. Try out some of the following suggestions.\n\n\nFirst Things First – Learning How To Give Recognition\n\nLeaders often barrage their managers of recognition with criticism over a lack of participation and usage of their organization’s employee recognition programs.\n\nNaturally, not all organizations have participation problems. Some are exemplary. They have fought hard for that position. It did not come about easily, nor did it happen overnight.\n\nBut never let those who do not understand the intricacies and gifts of what it takes to make recognition happen, believe that they are the “real” recognition givers and know exactly what it takes to get full participation with recognition programs. \n\nInstead, remind them that first things must come first. Teach them how to give recognition one-on-one, whether in person, or by all the communication methods available to them \n\n\nHow To Write the Best Recognition Strategy – Part 1\n\nHaving a business strategy is absolute for driving a business with its concrete plans, which assists with making the right decision.\n\nLikewise, having a written recognition strategy elevates the importance of recognition by outlining three powerful drivers for any organization. \n\n1.    A recognition strategy allows organizational leaders to spell out its purpose and philosophy for recognition and how they intend to use recognition the right way.\n\n2.    A recognition strategy aligns with the overall organizational strategy and shows how the recognition practices and programs integrate to reinforce and drive results.\n\n3.    A recognition strategy is also supportive of your people strategies, as it is driven by the organizational culture and recognizes people who live the organizational values.\n\nThe only question that remains is whether you have a written recognition strategy.\n\nIn this four-part series, I will outline how you can write the best recognition strategy essential to catapulting employee recognition practices and programs into the future.\n\n\nMind Your Please and Thank You’s!\n\nYes, it is still important to mind your manners and say please and thank you, even in the workplace.\n\nEtiquette and manners seem to fly out the door with common courtesy in dealing with managers and peers. Our language has become short and cryptic with the increased usage of messaging with smartphones.\n\nYet, January is National Thank You Month, so it seems even more relevant to address this often-overlooked subject. \n\n\nWhat Is The Purpose of Your Recognition Programs?\n\nOne reason recognition programs succeed is because they have a clear core purpose behind them.\n\nBesides simply answering the “why” question for each of your recognition programs, work also towards using your recognition programs purposefully.\n\nCheck out the following purpose-driven ideas for helping your recognition programs thrive.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.924159824848175}
{"content": "Save Status:\nor to save your progress. The page will not refresh.\nAnswer Key:\nEdit a Copy:\nMake Your Own:\nCrossword Word Search Worksheet\nRate This Puzzle:\nLog in or sign up to rate this puzzle.\n\nAge of Absolutism and Enlightenment\n\nWhat number does XIV represent?\nHow many natural rights are there?\nWhere was Mozart from?\nWhat did Peter the Great do to Russia?\nThomas Jefferson said life, liberty, pursuit of _______.\nHow was the cost of transportation after the improvement in ship design?\nWho wrote Don Quixote?\nLouis ___ of France\nmonarch of Russia\nTwo Treatises on Government\nWhat did the Palace of Versailles symbolize?\nSun ___\nPalace of _____\nSeparation of Church and State\nAt what age did Mozart start composing?\n______ Revolution\nmonarch of France\nThe Social Contract\nPeter the _____\nClassical composer\n_____ of powers\nThe Spirit of Laws\nHow many enlightenment thinkers were there?\nWho painted Liberty Leading the People?\ndivine ___\nBaroque composer\nlife, ___, property\n______ toleration\nWhat is the other name for a Russian king?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9997683167457581}
{"content": "Updated date:\n\n10 Skills That Cannot Go Out of Fashion\n\n10 Skills That Cannot Go Out of Fashion\n\nDo you have an obsession with going along with trends?\n\nThe following trend is a good idea, but what about having things that cannot go out of trend or fashion?\n\nIsn’t it a good idea to grab things that remain fresh and new in every trend?\n\nToday I am going to share a list of 8 skills that cannot go out of the fashion. These are as fresh and trendy as they were in the last decade. No digital shift can change the demand for these, they would not only give you confidence but also advance your career.\n\nHere we go.\n\n  1. Creativity\n  2. Management\n  3. Active listening and learning\n  4. Synchronization with others\n  5. Complex problem solving\n  6. Negotiation\n  7. Quality control\n  8. Decision making\n\n\nCreativity is a soft skill that comes from knowledge, practice, and discipline. Creativity can also be defined as the quality or ability to perform or think something differently and uniquely. Further, creativity can be shown in so many ways. Like you can be creative in fashion designing, writing, singing, and cooking.\n\nFor example, the various dance forms came from someone's creative mind. One who loved to dance slowly he thought of Salsa. More energetic one thought of Bhangra. They all came from a unique way of thinking.\n\nThat is creativity.\n\n\nManagement is a buzzword. Management is organizing work or something in a doable way. As entrepreneurship is increasing, they need to manage their work, finance, product, and whatnot. Management is the skill we do not require only in business but in our personal lives also.\n\nYou must have heard saying someone that ‘it is necessary to manage the personal life and professional life to stay concentrated and hustle-free.’ This is the mantra of a successful life.\n\nActive Listening and Learning\n\nNowadays the youngsters have unmatchable energy. They want to learn everything. Active listening and learning are very important and need of the hour to remain in the race of this fast-paced world.\n\nSynchronization with Others\n\nCo-ordination is the key. How well you can communicate with others or co-ordinate with them tells a lot about you.\n\nAn African proverb tells everything about co-ordination. It says ‘if you want to go quickly, go alone, but if you want to go far, go together.’\n\nThese lines describe the power of co-ordination very beautifully.\n\nIf you want to achieve sound outcomes, just learn to co-ordinate.\n\nComplex Problem-Solving\n\nProblem-solving is not limited to solve academic problems only. It also refers to handle difficult or unexpected situations in front of you. To find the most effective solution for a problem is not only helps in your business but also makes your life so easy.\n\nObservation, knowledge, and practice will help you to improve your complex problem-solving skills.\n\n\nNegotiation is a discussion that allows settling with the best option for parties. It includes a bunch of soft skills like communication, planning, and strategy-making. Good negotiation skills help in gaining success for the organization. You need planning, relevant knowledge, and judgment skills to become a good negotiator.\n\nSome tips to become a good negotiator.\n\n  1. Don’t mind rejections\n  2. Know your final goal\n  3. Do your research\n\nQuality Control\n\nQuality and quality control both are irreplaceable skills. Quality control can be referred to as the process by which the quality of the product or service is maintained or improved throughout time.\n\nI have worked as a Quality Control Executive in a pharmaceutical company, there I realized how important quality control is. We used to examine the product at each stage to ensure if it meets all the specific requirements or not.\n\n\nDecision-making skills can simply be defined as choosing the best path among two or more paths or solutions. Choosing the most beneficial alternative is not that easy as it seems. It requires background knowledge, foresightedness, and possible outcomes. Analysis of each possible alternative is the key factor in decision-making.\n\nSometimes life creates some problems, and we find ourselves struggling with which path we should choose. That is exactly where decision-making skills are required. This skill is not only important in professional life but also helps in some relationship problems as well.\n\nYour decision-making skills also show your leadership skills.\n\nBottom Line\n\nThe human mind can explore and learn anything. Learning and grooming above mentioned skills will keep you in the front row always. With these skills you can become a person, who can make a dream life in current technology-driven world.\n\nKeep exploring your skills, keep furnishing your skills.\n\n\nPriyanka bhadu (author) from Rajsthan, India on October 02, 2020:\n\nThankyou Jaspreet for your kind words.\n\n\nThank you Amit, I am glad that you found it useful.\n\nThe idea to write this article came from my cupboard.\n\n\nJaspreet Kaur on October 02, 2020:\n\nThank you my dear friend priyanka for telling us about these incredible skills. They are really useful. I feel proud on you. Well done, keep it up.\n\nAmit Masih from Jaipur, India on October 02, 2020:\n\nExcellent! Thank you, Priyanka for providing us with the valuable stuff. Very informative and useful article. Keep on sharing!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7663811445236206}
{"content": "Blonde female student working on her laptop\n\nICT Functional Skills is designed to equip you with the confidence and ability to use ICT systems and tools, and find, select, develop, present, and communicate information.\n\nThere are three entry levels and two levels within ICT Functional Skills.\n\n\nICT Functional Skills is a hands-on course, and you will learn via task sheets and interactive worksheets where you will be given step-by-step guidance on how to complete a task.\n\n\nICT Functional Skills is assessed by a single, external, paper-based two hour test that's available on demand and completed at a computer.\n\nWhat’s Next\n\nICT Functional Skills are a great way to introduce you to using a computer. Once you’ve completed a level you can move on to the next one, and they allow you to show that you are proficient at ICT within a workplace.\n\nReturn to Literacy Skills", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9974523186683655}
{"content": "The moon is getting closer\nand fuller, and so is\neverything.  There is beauty\n\nin the broken sugar bowl,\nin the stacks\nof dusty books,\n\ndog eared\nand leaning. Tree shadows\nspeckle moonlight\n\naround the lawn\nand so we gravitate to\nthe bright places.\n\nThe music is sweet.\nOur legs go up\nthe mountain.  This river\n\nruns on and on.\nWater softens\nthe stone.\n\nRiding in the Rain\n\nOn the edge of control\n(leaning toward none),\nI grip the brakes, tires popping,\n\nspinning over root\nand stone.  Humbled\nby the hurtling,\n\nI am certain\nthat I am not the one\ncontrolling this experience.\n\nLook ahead of you,\nmy friend advises, See\nthe path you want to take,\n\nnot the obstacles\nyou are trying to avoid.\nAnd between peals of thunder,\n\neverything changes.\nExhilarating raindrops link\nthe rolling clouds\n\nto our bare arms,\nand the way\nbecomes clear.\n\nInside, Out\n\nThis is the season for rivers,\nswollen and rambling,\nthe time for roses\n\npink and wild,\nfor sagebrush,\nand the air\n\npungent with beginning.  It is\nthe afternoon\nof the chipmunk scrambling\n\nand the raincloud\nraining, the hour\nfor the resting of muddy shoes\n\nand perhaps,\nfor napping.  Today\nis making the space for noticing,\n\nand in noticing,\nfinding the spaces\nfor love.\n\nWaking Up on Friday\n\nOrange sunlight\nfills the body\nstill half\n\nin a dream,\nand slowly drips\nconsciousness all the way\n\ndown to the toes\nand fingers.  In\nthe brevity of sunrise,\n\nyou are the impermanence,\nlike the dream\nyou are leaving,\n\na brief vessel\nfor the sweetest of birdsong\nand the scent\n\nof dew\nrising through\nthe open window.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5353820323944092}
{"content": "Is 311 A Good Score In GRE?\n\nIs a 320 a good GRE score?\n\n\nIf your programs’ averages are around 320, this will be a good score for you as it’s likely to make you a competitive applicant..\n\nWhat GRE score do I need for Stanford?\n\n\nIs the GRE test difficult?\n\n\nWhat is a bad GRE score?\n\nWhat’s a bad GRE score? A bad GRE score is one that excludes you from the program that you want to attend. That’s all! However, to put this in very general terms, the bottom 10% of test-takers score below 139 in Verbal and 141 in Quant.\n\nIs a 315 GRE score good?\n\n\nIs 310 a good GRE score?\n\nFor most top-50 schools, a good GRE score is in the mid-to-high 150s on both sections. Based on this data, an overall GRE score of 310 to 315 is a good GRE score for MBA applicants, while a score of 325 is excellent.\n\nWhat is a good score in GRE?\n\nThe GRE scores range for the general test is from 130 to 170 per section. Remember, the total score is calculated only based on your Verbal and Quantitative Reasoning section. The max score is 340, and the combined scores range from 260-340….Score Percentile for GRE subject test.Chemistry Test689Psychology test6194 more rows\n\nWhat percentile is a GRE score of 310?\n\n\nIs 300 a bad GRE score?\n\n\nWhat GRE score do I need for Harvard?\n\n\nIs 292 a good GRE score?\n\nThe current average GRE score for all test-takers is around 303 (V150/Q153). Although 292 is 11 points below the average, you can score 292 and get admitted to certain graduate programs. … The current average GRE score for all test-takers is around 303 (V150/Q153).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7114517092704773}
{"content": "• Course Introduction\n\n        • Time: 43 hours\n        • Free Certificate\n\n\n\n\n      • Unit 1: Overview of Economics\n\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 6 hours.\n\n      • Unit 2: Macroeconomics: Goals, Measures, and Challenges\n\n\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 5 hours.\n\n      • Unit 3: Unemployment and Inflation\n\n        Most of us are familiar with unemployment and inflation: the unemployment rate reflects the number of people out of work who are actively seeking work; inflation indicates an overall rise in the price level of most, but not all, goods and services. In this unit we delve into these concepts and study their interrelationship.\n\n        First, consider that inflation erodes the purchasing power of the dollar, or other currency unit (euro, rupee, naira, dinar, or pound). Macroeconomics helps us measure the effects inflation has on an economy and the standard of living when it distinguishes between nominal income (the dollar amount received), and real income (the amount of goods and services the income can buy).\n\n        Secondly, consider the different types of employment. The labor force includes employed and unemployed workers, such as those who are able and willing to work, but not able to obtain employment. The labor force does not include full time students, nonworking spouses, and retirees who are not looking or unable to work. We examine three types of unemployment: frictional or temporary unemployment, structural unemployment which affects entire sectors of the economy, and cyclical unemployment which is caused by downturns in the economy.\n\n        Let's consider a hypothetical event to show how unemployment and inflation levels are often interrelated. Suppose everyone who is looking for a job gets hired tomorrow and begins earning income. Unemployment levels fall. Our newly-employed group is flush with cash and wants to spend their income immediately. However, it would take some time for retail stores to make new products available to purchase to meet this demand. More money is available to purchase the limited number of goods available. Prices rise as retailers try to benefit from the rise in consumer demand. Inflation increases. Our scenario shows how employment and inflation levels often follow each other.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 5 hours.\n\n      • Unit 4: Aggregate Economic Activities and Fluctuations\n\n\n\n        Aggregate supply is the total output an economy produces at a given price level. As we studied in microeconomics, firms achieve equilibrium when they produce the quantity of goods and services consumers want to buy: at a macro level, equilibrium is the point where aggregate supply equals aggregate demand. In this unit we examine shifts in aggregate supply and aggregate demand, and the short-term and long-term effects for the entire economy.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 10 hours.\n\n      • Unit 5: Fiscal Policy\n\n        Governments use various policies and tools to steer the macroeconomy toward three main goals: full employment, price stability, and economic growth. In the remaining three units, we explore the conflicts and complexities of these policies and tools. First, let's study fiscal policy, which involves taxing and spending policies, including the fiscal legislation Congress enacts in the United States and similar legislative bodies promote in other countries.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 4 hours.\n\n      • Unit 6: Monetary Policy and Various Complexities behind Macroeconomic Policies\n\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 10 hours.\n\n      • Unit 7: International Trade\n\n        Aside from the exchange of goods and services on a global level, trade among countries serves many functions. For example, it trading partners make a greater variety of goods available. In short, these gains from trade promote the concepts of specialization, comparative advantage, and export activities. Trade also facilitates movement and exchange of foreign currencies, such as when imports are paid for in the unit of the exporting country's currency.\n\n        However, international trade can be an emotional and politically-charged issue, that cuts across microeconomics and macroeconomics. In this unit we examine trade from an economic, rather than political, perspective. We direct our attention to trade balances, exchange rates, and other aspects of a country's macroeconomic performance.\n\n        Completing this unit should take you approximately 3 hours.\n\n      • Study Guide\n\n\n      • Course Feedback Survey\n\n\n\n      • Certificate Final Exam\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9909393191337585}
{"content": "Now Reading\nGreta Gerwig’s ‘Little Women’ manifests the basics of feminism\n\nGreta Gerwig’s ‘Little Women’ manifests the basics of feminism\n\n\n“Women have minds and souls as well as just hearts, and they’ve got ambition and talent as well as just beauty. And I’m sick of people saying that love is all a woman is fit for.”\n\nCaught in a rage for recognition, Jo March, the central figure of “Little Women,” exclaims to her mother as she realizes the bereavements of being a woman in a patriarchal society. This specific line packs all the themes, emotion and passion the movie encapsulates, and it sets the scene for a richer, more pertinent movie adaptation of the classic novel.\n\n“Little Women” is simply a story about four sisters. There’s sibling rivalry, romance and drama. They have dreams and aspirations as much as any person should have. All of which are things you would naturally expect from a family-centered plot. However, what makes it timeless is that in between a casual tale of four sisters striving for their dreams is an underlying element of a society that never favored their gender, a classist system that bowed their heads to the rich and a forsaken choice between family or career.\n\n\nWho’s behind the scene\n\nAfter a number of stage and screen adaptations of the 150-year-old novel, Greta Gerwig’s “Little Women” is a standout against its predecessors. With the same youthful energy that captured the hearts of many in “Lady Bird,” she crafts this movie with an outright understanding of the complexities and simplicities of being a woman. It’s evident that she took this movie to heart and treated it as a passion project rather than just a job. By doing so, she was able to fashion a modern flair into a midcentury backdrop.\n\nThe characters are brought to life by a seasoned cast of veterans and young talents who all work seamlessly together. Saoirse Ronan plays the fierce Jo March, Emma Watson takes on the role of the doting eldest sister Meg, Florence Pugh continues her role of hot-headed characters after Midsommar as Amy and budding star Eliza Scanlen plays the quiet and gentle Beth. The internet’s favorite boy Timothee Chalamet takes on the role of Jo’s romantic interest Laurie. To top it off, the the iconic Laura Dern and Meryl Streep both play the mother and aunt. With a cast like that, it’s right to expect that this movie was set for higher expectations.\n\n\nFeminism characterized\n\n“The world is hard on ambitious girls.” Amy says as a sentiment to how her talent for painting would stay a hobby, and not a source of livelihood. Each of the girls hone a creative skill: Meg is an aspiring actress, Jo is a passionate writer, Amy is a skilled painter and Beth is a talented pianist. In the scenes of their childhood, we see them happily engaging in these activities. But as they grow older, reality crashes down and they’re left to learn that their talents are for naught in their society because of the belief that a woman’s success can only happen if they marry a rich man.\n\n\nPhoto courtesy of Sony Pictures\n\nEnter Laurie, a charismatic boy who becomes a dear friend to the March sisters. However, romance comes to play and a love triangle between Jo, Amy and Laurie ensues. This plot is a main factor as to what makes the movie modern. It captures young and stubborn love in all its honesty, stemming from a struggle for independence. It sheds light on a healthy relationship between a man and a woman despite society’s stereotypes. It showcases sisterhood with all its quarrels and resolutions. This is how Gerwig shows feminism, not through insinuating acts of rebellion but through the simple act of having a woman be, having her live without the need for permission and dream without a hindrance to her vigor.\n\n\nAnd when push comes to shove, women will fight back. When a family member faces a sickness, when they’re struggling with money, when love turns to hurt and outrage, the sisters work thrice as hard. Throughout the film, there’s a steady push and pull of patriarchy versus persevering women. While we are witnessing a fervent fight by women to be given more recognition, we are still reminded that this task isn’t easy, that at the end of the day, all the blood, sweat and tears shed for a touch of success might not have been worth it.\n\n\nAge-old reminders\n\nIn 1868, when Louisa May Alcott wrote the book, women were facing these restricting stereotypes: that women are just meant to be wives. This belittled chances of being employed, pursuing talents and living independently. Fast forward today and you’d think we’d have probably learned by now that women deserve equal rights as men.\n\nPhoto courtesy of Sony Pictures\n\n\nYet, we continue to face gender inequality. Women in the workforce earn less than men. Women are still objectified and judged for not following tradition. In the movie, Marmee, the sisters’ mother, says “I’ve been angry every day of my life,” because while the story plays along the tropes of romance and family, it still commits to expressing the hardships of social inequality.\n\n\nWritten in\n\nThe true grit of the movie is found in its words: from Gerwig’s screenplay that captures the details of expression in the characters’ actions—how Jo’s tomboyish outfits signify a break in gender norms, how Amy’s deep scowl foreshadows her reckless actions, how Meg’s dress shows a hidden desire for luxury—to the actual dialogue between the characters. As much as Jo is writing about her life, Gerwig is writing about her own sentiments.\n\nIn the movie, Jo says “Writing doesn’t confer importance. It reflects it.” To this, Amy replies “Writing things is what makes them important.” It’s a telling note of how significant the writing is in this film. We find other bits of Gerwig’s stellar writing in the movie. With lines like “I can’t afford to starve on praise,” and “It’s possible to be right and foolish” injected into casual conversations, we’re reminded that good writing does not have to be strung with highfalutin words, it’s simply building a connection through words.\n\nPhoto courtesy of Sony Pictures\n\n\nWhen Jo finishes her book and tries to sell it to a publisher, we witness a long, frustrating negotiation for her to get her talent’s worth. She sells her story’s heroine in exchange for money, and this is what being a little woman is actually about—having a shift in morals brought about by a case of desperation. And throughout the movie, we see this struggle, this irony that the little women are all grasping to not be little.\n\nIn “Little Women,” women fall in love, women choose not to fall in love, women follow their hearts, women are rowdy, women talk back and women fight. It’s a testament to the basics of feminism told through a complex tale of love and loss and complemented with sharply defined characters. Overall, the film is delightful, painful and, most of all, a tribute to a woman’s worth.\n\n\n\n\nHeader and featured photos courtesy of Sony Pictures\n\n\nRead more:\n\n‘Birds of Prey’ features fantabulous visuals, but not substance\n\n‘Toy Story 4’ is still a sweet, emotional ride about moving forward\n\nWomen in Philippine history you should know about © 2020. Hinge Inquirer Publications, Inc.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5347615480422974}
{"content": "Now Reading\nOK, so what is a “mañanita”?\n\nOK, so what is a “mañanita”?\n\n\nDue to very obvious reasons, birthday parties are definitely not allowed during the enhanced community quarantine period where social distancing measures are crucial. However, a police chief—specifically National Capital Region Police Office chief Major Gen. Debold Sinas—has recently been probed for pictures of his birthday celebration shared on the NCRPO’s Facebook page. \n\nThese photos showed him blowing his cake and socializing with a crowd of policemen lining up for the buffet table. These have earned the ire of netizens due to the lack of social distancing measures implemented.\n\nIn defense of Sinas, Philippine National Police Chief (PNP) chief Gen. Archie Gamboa said, “Walang party na nangyari. Ang sabi ni Gen. Sinas, probably nagkaroon ng mañanita. Pero dun sa mañanita ang sabi ni Gen. Sinas is that in-observe pa rin nila social distancing. Now, I don’t think na merong violation ito.”\n\nSo, as most netizens are also asking as of the moment—what is a mañanita, and is it any different from a birthday party?\n\nThe roots of mañanita can be traced back to Mexico and other Latin countries, where festivities are often celebrated with songs called las mañanitas. Literally translating to “early hours of the morning,” las mañanitas are songs meant to be performed during parties, specifically holidays and fiestas. \n\nBased on tradition, occasions like birthdays, anniversaries and feast days of saints are often witnesses of the song. It is also often performed any time after the middle of the night and into the early morning, as it is supposed to either awaken the celebrant or signal the start of eating the cake.\n\nThis has become the basis for the tradition itself, which takes the singing as part of its festivities and was then borrowed by the Filipinos from the Spaniards. The way we understand it, a mañanita seems like an early salubong for birthday celebrants.\n\nHere’s an example of how the typical celebration is held during non-quarantine periods—complete with early morning mañanita, traditional lechon baboy and party dancing:\n\nIn other Latin countries, las mañanitas is also a celebration dedicated to Our Lady of Guadalupe which includes a pre-dawn festival parade, mass and town breakfast—all of which involve large gatherings, with the last reminding us of *ehem* a buffet.\n\n\n\nRead more:\n\nNCR, Laguna, Cebu City under new IATF classification modified ECQ\n\nDuterte warns public on NPA amid pandemic, no updates on quarantine guidelines\n\nAround 1 million Manila residents are expected to join the “Balik Probinsya” program © 2020. Hinge Inquirer Publications, Inc.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6611642241477966}
{"content": "IntroductionBasedon the study 1, the growth of distributed database depends on the rapiddevelopment in computer network technology. Distributed Database ManagementSystem (DDBMS) integrated the distributed data over different database atdifferent locations. The security threats might happens in centralized systemor distributed system. Operating system, network system, different securitypolicies of system are the factors of security threat of distributed database. Securityrequirements are a set of laws stated to protect the security objects whichreceives and save information and security subject whose functions as databasestate updating tools. Some security threats and security approaches will bediscussed in this paper. TheoryAccordingto the paper 1, protecting database is the purpose of developing databasesecurity.\n\nHowever, there are threats that should be focused on. Databasemanager should identity the threats and limit the user privilege for accessingthe database. Checking authority of all the user is a must.\n\nAs the breakdown ofhardware, applications or network system, it might cause the threats on lossavailability of database. Every user that can access to the database should beassigned for required privilege only according to the position 2, 3.Acquiring extra privilege also a threat of database security that user canaccess as administrator and stunt to the weaknesses of the system. Denial ofservice that can corrupt the data and cause flood to the network is needed topay attention on it. Inference and Identity theft are the common threats happenfrequently. LiteraturereviewBasedon the paper 1, database security is used to prevent a database is used underunwitting condition.\n\nThere are a few types of information security 4, 5.Firstly, there is an authority process checking of a user who use or accessinto the database system is called access control. The second type is auditingwhich is used to analyze the security violation and collect the analysis ofdatabase from modification of attackers. The third types of security isauthentication which is a confirmation process of identifying andauthenticating the user to use the database system. The fourth types ofsecurity is encryption. Encryption is a transformation of plaintext to cipher textthat is needed to be encrypted or decrypted using specific algorithms.\n\n Resultand outcomesThereare five methods to maintain security and privacy of the DDBMS which has beenconnected through computer network. Firstly, access control based security iscategorized as Discretionary control (DAC) models, Mandatory access control(MAC) models and Role-based access control (RBAC) models. DAC is used to storethe access control matrix. MAC is used to disclose the unauthorized of databaseand provide protection on illegal modification.\n\nRBAC is gives support onarbitrary and specific organization security policies. Next, trust basedsecurity approaches which focuses on the security of utility 6. The purposeof develop trust environment is for identity checking of the users. Based onsymmetric key cryptography, kerbores is used as a lightweight protocol 6,7.  There is an agent based approachthat monitor the user action via neural network. Node registry and ServiceLevel Agreements should be implement to enhance the trust in DDBMS 8. Thethird method is authentication based security. Two factors authenticationshould be splitted into three factor to increase the security 9.\n\nThe fourthmethod is cryptography based approaches which is encrypted the plaintext tocipher text with the help of cryptographic algorithm. DNA based cryptographyand DNA Cryptography maintain the data confidentiality and integrity but theyneed technology in advance in order to reach the mature stage. There is someother security approaches. The Role Ordering (RO) and CORBA basedauthentication security model have been developed to protect and enhance thesecurity of DDBMS.     ConclusionDatabase security isa critical problem of total system. In this study, there are a few possiblethreats of database security and different techniques that are conducive forfuture generation in order to increase the security of DDBMS have beendiscussed.\n\nThe purpose of this study is to analyze different security. Due tothe rapid growth of the technology, database security is still an importantfield to be examined. \n\n\nI'm Katy!\n\n\nCheck it out", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7817220687866211}
{"content": "\n\nA tiny train station in Hokkaido, Japan’s northernmost island, made national news late last year, when it was revealed that its only regular visitor was a high school student who used the local train service to commute to and from school every day.\n\n▼ The story of a lone girl waiting for a country train is like something straight out of a Studio Ghibli film.\n\nForeign news outlets recently picked up on the touching story, but in the rush to do so, reports were peppered with false information, creating a certain amount of confusion on social media.\n\nThe true story, it turns out, is just as heartwarming without all the inaccurate embellishments.\n\n▼ A copy of the original Japanese story (top right), from the Asahi Shimbun on 7 January 2015, has been posted on the bulletin board inside the rural station in Hokkaido.\n\nThe station where high school student Kana Harada boards the train is Kyu-Shirataki Station, not Kami-Shirataki Station as has been widely reported. After reviewing the number of commuters using their services in rural areas, Japan Rail Hokkaido announced their decision to close a number of lesser-used stations, including Kami-Shirataki, Kyu-shirataki, and Shimo-shirataki, last year.\n\nAfter being made aware of the high school girl’s daily commute, however, the rail company decided to keep the service going until her graduation, in March 2016.\n\n▼ Without the service, it’s a long, 73-minute walk to catch a 9:00 a.m. express train from neighbouring Shirataki Station on the Sekihoku train line.\n\nThere’s only one train heading away from the main city of Asahikawa toward Engaru High School each day, so Kana’s parents make the five-minute drive to the station in time for her to catch the 7:16 a.m. train every morning, where she’s the only regular passenger waiting on the elevated section of land serving as a platform.\n\n▼ The train route, posted at Kami-Shirataki Station.\n\nWhen Kana boards the train, there are about 10 other passengers, mostly other students, inside. As an unwritten rule, first and second year students sit in the first car of the train, while third year students ride in the second carriage.\n\n▼ The journey to school takes almost one hour, giving Kana time to read, listen to music or study during test time.\n\nWith only three services stopping at Kyu-Shirataki Station in the afternoon, Kana isn’t able to stay back with her friends after club activities at school. Occasionally she has to run to catch the last train home.\n\nUpon hearing about the upcoming closure of services to the station, Kana said she was sad and disappointed to hear it won’t be used anymore. After spending quiet mornings with nothing but the wooden station house for company, we’re sure Kana’s fond memories of her train journeys to school will last her whole lifetime.\n\nSource: Asahi ShimbunNaver Matome\nTop Image: Wikimedia (edited by RocketNews24)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7861542105674744}
{"content": "Billing Term Glossary\n\nDefinitions of Important Terms\n\n\nAccount Number - The number assigned by your provider (hospital, physician, home care service, etc.) when medical services were provided.\n\nAdjustment - The portion of your bill that your provider has agreed not to charge you.\n\nAdmission Date (admit date) - The date admitted for treatment.\n\nAdmitting Diagnosis - Words or phrases your doctor uses to describe your condition.\n\n\nAmbulatory Payment Classifications (APC) - A Medicare payment system that classifies outpatient services so Medicare can pay all hospitals the same amount.\n\n\nAmount Not Covered - What your insurance company does not pay, including deductibles, co-insurances and charges for non-covered services.\n\nAncillary Service - The services you receive beyond room and board charges, such as laboratory tests, therapy, surgery, etc.\n\n\nApplied to Deductible - A portion of your bill, as defined by your insurance company, that you owe your provider.\n\nAssignment of Benefits - An agreement you sign that allows your insurance to pay the provider directly.\n\nAttending Physician - The doctor who orders your treatment and who is responsible for your care.\n\n\nBeneficiary - A person covered by health insurance.\n\nBeneficiary Eligibility Verification - A way providers retrieve information about whether you have insurance coverage.\n\nBenefit - The amount your insurance company pays for medical services.\n\nBill/Invoice/Statement - A printed summary of your medical bill.\n\nCardiology Charges - The charges for procedures performed to test the heart, such as stress testing and catherization.\n\n\n\nChampus - Insurance linked to military service, also known as TriCare.\n\nCharity Care - Free or reduced rates for care provided to patients with financial hardship.\n\nClaim - Your medical bill that is sent to an insurance company for payment.\n\nClaim Form - A form provided by your insurance company that needs to be complete before your bill can be paid.\n\nClaim Number - A number assigned by your insurance company to an individual claim.\n\n\nCoding of Claims - Translating diagnoses and procedures from your medical record into numbers that insurance companies use to pay claims.\n\n\nCo-Insurance Days (Medicare) - Hospital inpatient Medicare coverage from day 61 to day 90 of continuous hospitalization. Patients on Medicare are responsible for paying for part of these days. After the 90 th day you enter into your “Lifetime Reserve Days”.\n\n\n\nCo-payment (Co-pay) - A type of cost sharing whereby the insured person pays a specified flat dollar amount per service or visit, with the insurer paying the remainder amount. For example, $10 per doctor visit, $25 per inpatient hospital day.\n\n\nCovered Days - The days that your insurance company pays for in full or in part.\n\n\nDate of Bill - Bill preparation date. It is not the same date as the date of service.\n\nDate of Service (DOS) - Treatment date.\n\nDeductible - The amount you must pay for medical services before your insurance company starts to pay.\n\nDiagnosis Code - A code used at the time of billing to describe your illness.\n\n\nDischarge Hour - Hospital discharge hour.\n\n\nDrugs/Self Administered - Drugs that do not require administration from doctors or nurses. Your insurance plan may not cover these when provided during an outpatient visit.\n\nDue from Insurance - The amount owed by your insurance company.\n\nDue from Patient - The amount you owe.\n\nDurable Medical Equipment (DME) - The medical equipment that can be used many times, or special equipment ordered by your doctor, usually for use at home.\n\nEligible Payment Amount - The medical services paid for by an insurance company.\n\n\nEmergency Department - The part of a hospital that treats patients with emergency or urgent medical problems.\n\nEstimated Insurance - An estimate of payments from your insurance company.\n\nEnrollee - A person who is covered by health insurance.\n\nEstimated Amount Due - The amount the provider estimates you or your insurance company owes.\n\n\n\nFinancial Responsibility - The amount of your bill you have to pay.\n\nFiscal Intermediary (FI) - A company hired by Medicare to pay Medicare claims.\n\n\nHCPC Codes - A coding system used to describe what treatment or services your doctor or provider gave to you.\n\n\nHealthcare Provider - The party that provides medical services, such as hospitals, doctors or laboratories.\n\n\n\n\nHospice - The group that offers inpatient, outpatient and home healthcare for terminally ill patients.\n\nHospital Charge - The amount of money the hospital charges for a particular medical service or supply.\n\nHospital Inpatient Prospective Payment System (PPS) - A federal system that pays a fixed fee for inpatient care.\n\nIncremental Nursing Charge - The charges for nursing services added to basic room and board charges.\n\nInpatient (IP) - A patient who stays overnight in the hospital.\n\nInsurance Waivers - The services excluded from your insurance policy, such as cancer care or obstetric/gynecologic or pre-existing conditions.\n\nInsured Group Name - The name of the group or insurance plan that insures you, usually an employer.\n\n\nInsured’s Name (Beneficiary) - The name of the insured person, who is also referred to as the member.\n\n\n\nInternational Classification of Diseases, 9 th Edition (ICD-9-CM) - ICD-9-CM is the official system of assigning codes to diagnoses and procedures associated with hospital utilization in the United States.\n\nLiability - The person or persons liable or under obligation for the bill.\n\nLifetime Reserve Days (Medicare) - Under Medicare, you have a lifetime reserve of 60 more days of inpatient services after you use the first 90 benefit days. You must pay a fixed amount for each day of service.\n\nLong-Term Care - The care received in a nursing home. Medicare does not pay for long-term care unless you need skilled nursing or special rehabilitation.\n\nMailer/Summary of Account - A summary of services or charges mailed to the person who pays the bill.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMedicare Approved - Medical services normally paid for by Medicare.\n\nMedicare Assignment - Providers who have accepted Medicare patients and agreed not to charge them more than Medicare has approved.\n\nMedicare Number - A number and an ID card is assigned to each person covered under Medicare and for identification to providers.\n\nMedicare Paid - The amount of your bill paid by Medicare.\n\nMedicare Paid Provider - The amount of your bill Medicare paid to your provider.\n\n\nMedicare part B - Assists with paying for doctor services, outpatient care and other medical services not paid for by Medicare part A.\n\n\n\n\nNon-Covered Charges - The charges for medical services denied or excluded by your insurance. You may be billed for these charges.\n\nNon-Participating Provider - A doctor, hospital or other healthcare provider that is not part of an insurance plan, doctor or hospital network.\n\n\n\nOut-of-Pocket Costs - The costs the patient is responsible for because Medicare or other insurance does not cover them.\n\nOutpatient (OP) - A service you receive in one day at a hospital or clinic without staying overnight.\n\nOver-the-Counter Drug - Drugs that do not require a prescription. They can be bought at a pharmacy or drug store and be dispensed to patients, while at the hospital or doctors office.\n\nPaid to Provider - The amount the insurance company pays to your medical provider.\n\nPaid to You - The amount the insurance company pays to you or your guarantor.\n\n\nPatient Amount Due - The amount your provider charges you for services received.\n\nPay This Amount - The amount you owe towards your medical bill.\n\nPer Diem - The amount charged or paid by the day.\n\nPhysician Practice - A group of doctors, nurses and physician assistants who work together.\n\n\n\nPolicy Number - A number your insurance company gives you to identify your contract.\n\nPre-Admission Approval or Certification - An agreement made by your insurance company and you or your provider, to pay their portion of your medical treatment. Providers ask your insurance company for this approval before providing your medical treatment.\n\n\nPreferred Provider Organization (PPO) - An insurance plan in which you use doctors, hospitals and providers that belong to the network. You can use doctors, hospitals and providers outside of the network for an additional cost.\n\nPrepayments - The money you pay before receiving medical care; also referred to as preadmission deposits.\n\n\n\n\n\n\nProcedure code (CPT Code) - A code given to medical and surgical procedures and treatments.\n\nProspective Payment system (PPS) - A Medicare system that pays hospitals a set amount for covered diagnostic or treatment services.\n\nProvider Contract Discount - A part of your bill that your provider must write-off because of billing agreements with your insurance company.\n\nProvider - A hospital or physician who provides medical care to the patient.\n\nReasonable and Customary (R & C) - The costs for medical services that insurers believe are appropriate throughout a geographic area or community.\n\n\nRelease of Information - A signed statement from patients or guarantors that allows providers to release medical information so that insurance companies can pay claims.\n\nRemittance Advice - The explanation the hospital receives, usually with payment, from your insurance company after your medical services have been processed.\n\nResponsible Party - The person responsible for paying your hospital bill, usually referred to as the guarantor.\n\nRevenue code - A billing code used to name a specific room, service or billing sum.\n\nSame-Day Surgery - A surgery performed as an outpatient service.\n\n\n\nService Begin Date - The date your medical services or treatments began.\n\nService End Date - The date your medical services or treatments ended.\n\nSkilled Nursing Facility - An inpatient facility in which patients that do no need acute care are given nursing care or other therapy.\n\nSource of Admission - The source of your admission whether it is a referral, transfer or through the emergency room.\n\n\nStatement Covers Period - The dates your service or treatment begin and end.\n\n\nSupplemental Insurance Company - An additional insurance policy that handles claims for deductible and co-insurance reimbursement.\n\n\nTotal Charges - The total cost of your medical services.\n\n\n\nUnits of Service - Measures of medical services a patient received, such as the number of hospital days, pints of blood, treatments or laboratory tests.\n\nUsual and Customary (U & C) - The costs for medical services that insurers believe are appropriate throughout a geographic area or community.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9838518500328064}
{"content": "Sample Case Scenario\n\nAs O-1 visa/status is targeted for aliens of extraordinary ability or achievement, the applicant needs to demonstrate that he or she possesses a level of expertise indicating that the person is one of the small percentages who have risen to the top of the field of endeavors. Can a person with no citations, no national awards, no patents granted to him/her nor media coverage about him/her be qualified for O-1? The answer could still be positive.  Because the field of endeavor is a relatively subjective and your immigration attorney can help you identify and narrow down you field. In Matter of ______, EAC 95 060 50139 (AAU May 29, 1996), “a review of the record establishes that the petitioner, while involved in a relatively obscure branch of mathematical study, has distinguished herself to such an extent that she may be said to have achieved national or international acclaim and to be within the small percentage at the very top of her field.” That is to say, in a relatively small field with few experts and public attention, you may be able to establish your national or international acclaim with less citation numbers, media coverage or other evidence just because the nature of your field. We recently secured an approval for our client Ms. C, who has no citation records, national awards nor media coverage.\n\nMs. C is a clinical research associate currently working for a pharmaceutical company that specialized in clinical trial protocols with focus on uro-oncology.  One of the drugs the company is currently developing, named “ABC”, is an orphan drug that provide treatment for a disease “DEF” affecting only 7500 people in the US. Because of the small number of affected patients, “DEF” was classified as one of the orphan diseases, which previously received little or no funding for clinical research.  Currently, there is no non-surgical drug available for treating DEF. The current standard of care for DEF is complete or partial surgical removal of the involved kidney and upper urinary tract, which is costly, sub-optimal and burdensome that severely affect patient’s quality of life.\n\nWorking for this company, Ms. C, designed innovative clinical trial protocols that significantly expedited the drug development of ABC to treat DEF.  In the petition letter, we characterized Ms. C as and clinical research expert specialized in creating clinical protocol for orphan drug development such as DEF, supporting with the evidence that her protocols significantly contributed to FDA’s granting of Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Orphan Drug Designation and Fast Track Designation to this drug.  The three designations are expedited pathways offered by FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) for drug developments and are very coveted by pharmaceutical companies. With these designations, the drug development process can be significantly shortened and thus has the potential of saving thousands of people’s life and improving their life quality.\n\nTherefore, by developing these protocols, Ms. C made significant contributions to the field of Orphan Drug development, specifically, the DEF development.  We also argue that the granting of Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Orphan Drug Designation and Fast Track Designation is comparable evidence of national award (one of eight evidential criterial of O-1) as they went through similar scrutinization and judging process. Eventually, USCIS recognized our arguments and approve the O-1 petition for Ms. C.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9682618975639343}
{"content": "News and Information\n\nOn the Front Lines with Dr. Jay Hendler\n\n\nThe novel coronavirus, COVID-19, is not something you want to get. That is what Dr. Jay Hendler, Medical Director of Pulmonary Medicine and Chief of Staff Elect for CaroMont Regional Medical Center, wants the public to know. Having made lung health and the treatment of lung disease his focus for decades, Dr. Hendler admits he has never seen anything like the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n“It’s called a novel virus because it’s new,” Dr. Hendler explains. “Over the last nine months, we have learned a lot, but there is still so much the medical community does not know. It’s important to take this virus seriously, not only because it can be deadly, but because patients are not guaranteed to fully recover and are potentially facing months or years of complications like ongoing fatigue, blood clots and serious heart issues. COVID-19 could have lasting negative effects on your health.”\n\nDr. Hendler is board certified in Internal Medicine, Critical Care and Pulmonology. His typical patient has lung issues or disease that affects breathing, like asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure that affects arteries in the lungs and heart) and lung cancer. In a region where these issues are more prevalent, COVID-19 is all the more concerning because it can be especially dangerous for people with those issues.\n\n“We know there are certain risk factors that contribute to more severe cases of COVID-19,” said Dr. Hendler. “Hypertension, diabetes and obesity appear to contribute to complications and people who have a weakened immune system are at greater risk. We are also seeing a correlation between advanced age and worse outcomes, but it’s not just people who are older or unwell. While the chances of being severely impacted increase as you get older or have multiple medical problems, healthy people in all age ranges can get devastatingly ill. It may not be as common, but it is certainly still a concern.”\n\nUnfortunately, the medical community does not yet understand why some people get very sick and others have mild cases or no symptoms at all. But it is very clear that those who do not experience symptoms can still spread COVID-19, and that is one of many reasons this virus is more troubling than colds or flu which are mostly contagious once symptoms are present.\n\n“One thing we have been able to learn quickly about this virus is how it spreads,” Dr. Hendler explains. “It is not transmitted through skin; it is transmitted in the air. When people cough, breathe or sneeze, they spread droplets into the air that can carry COVID-19. Those infected droplets float and can then be inhaled by another person. It happens invisibly, which is one reason the virus has spread so easily.”\n\nIn fact, COVID-19 cases surpassed 1,000,000 just 94 days after the first was reported to the World Health Organization (WHO). While it can feel like the guidance on how to protect one’s self changes frequently, Dr. Hendler recommends what medical professionals call “standard precautions.”\n\nDr. Hendler treats patients on the COVID-19 units at CaroMont Regional Medical Center.\n\nProtecting Yourself and Others\n\n“There are three mainstays to prevent transmission,” says Dr. Hendler. “First, physically distancing yourself at least six feet from people who are not in your inner circle. Second, washing your hands with plain old soap will kill the virus and keep you from inadvertently transmitting the virus from your skin into your eyes, nose or mouth.”\n\nThe third way, wearing a mask, is one Dr. Hendler stresses, especially considering an individual without any symptoms can spread the virus unknowingly. He explains that for masks to be effective, we must adopt an “all in” approach.\n\n“It’s important to understand that the protection offered by a mask keeps you from spreading the virus to others,” said Dr. Hendler. “If everyone around you wears a mask, then they are blocking their own potentially infected droplets and in turn, protecting you. Wearing a mask must be understood as a common courtesy to those around you. It must be a collective effort.”\n\nLooking Ahead\n\nDr. Hendler believes that if everyone took simple precautions consistently, the spread and impact of COVID-19 would be dramatically reduced. And while vaccine producers race to create a vaccine, Dr. Hendler is realistic about the time it could take to develop and distribute a safe and effective vaccine.\n\n“While we have very successful examples of virus eradication and prevention, like polio and measles,” explains Dr. Hendler, “there are viruses with no vaccine. We still do not have a vaccine to prevent the common cold, and while there are very effective anti-viral options to treat HIV, we have been looking for a vaccine to prevent AIDS since its discovery.”\n\nFor a vaccine to work, it has to confer immunity without negative effects for the recipient. At this point, science has shown people do develop antibodies for COVID-19, but it is not fully understood if those antibodies create permanent or long-lasting immunity. Having a safe and effective vaccine available would be an incredible step forward, but producing and distributing any vaccine to billions of people will also take time. In other words, Dr. Hendler believes this public health crisis is far from over. After a 35-year career in medicine, he never imagined a pandemic of this scale.\n\n“Every professional in our hospital community is trained to do one thing: help people,” he says. “We want to provide supportive care and when faced with a problem, we want to fix it. COVID-19 challenges us every day. While caring for our patients is what we committed our life’s work to, it can be frustrating and exhausting to not have a solution for this illness. Still, we come together, and we work for the health of our patients. It’s what we do.”\n\nAdamantly, Dr. Hendler impresses that every healthcare employee is working through similar struggles, layers of personal protective equipment and the concern of becoming infected themselves. However, he is buoyed by the community he serves and relays a story about coming home after a long shift of treating patients at CaroMont Regional Medical Center.\n\n“I drove into my neighborhood and there were ribbons and signs of support, and not just for me,” he says, “but for all the doctors and nurses and healthcare professionals everywhere. Being reminded that your work is meaningful and appreciated meant a great deal to me. I will never forget that during the most challenging time of my career, this community cheered us on.”\n\nA neighbor offers support for healthcare workers on the front lines of the pandemic.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.863042950630188}
{"content": "TTC vehicles were involved in more than 4,000 collisions last year, though a spokesperson for the transit agency cautions that nearly three quarters of them were out of the control of its drivers.\n\nAccording to the TTC, there was a total of 4,001 collisions involving its vehicles in 2017, which is up slightly from the 3,788 collisions recorded the previous year.\n\nThe number is a catch all figure that includes minor and major collisions as well as other incidents that result in damage to vehicles, such as a streetcar or bus being bumped by an errant shopping cart.\n\n“It is important that we count everything that comes into contact with a vehicle so if someone bumps us with a shopping cart or cuts off and hits a streetcar or bus with an SUV it all gets recorded. As does every minor bump that happens in a garage,” TTC Spokesperson Stuart Green told CP24 via email. “Also, nearly three quarters of these incidents are people or things contacting us in a way that's out of our control.”\n\nThe TTC deploys about 2,000 surface vehicles on city streets every day.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9986870288848877}
{"content": "April 24, 2020\nBy Felicia Asiedu\n\nThe world as we know has changed dramatically over the past few months. Work environments have shifted to homes, business travel has bottomed out, and organisations have found themselves wondering how to avoid cancelling events. More and more, when faced with the event crisis management choices of cancel, postpone or virtualise, event organisers are opting to shift their in-person events to the virtual arena.\n\nFor the meetings and events industry, the switch to this new format brings its own pros and cons. Virtual events are no doubt a powerful, low-cost medium to connect with prospects, engage customers and contribute to community building. Whether it’s a webinar, conference or an online course, event organisers can leverage great content to reach out to people around the world, regardless of their location. However, due to the very nature of these online formats, there are some real challenges associated with hosting your events online.\n\nThese include:\n\n  • Chances of low attendee engagement, as there are more distractions at home\n  • Absence of deep, immersive attendee experiences, because there are no real-world sensory elements involved\n  • Inability to provide a personal touch for post-event follow up\n  • Reduced level of networking opportunities for attendees\n\nThe key to making your virtual events successful lies in identifying the elements you can optimise to create rich, engaging experiences. What worked for your in-person events may not translate well in virtual formats e.g. large scale, awe-inspiring keynote programmes won’t necessarily have the same impact if attempted on a computer screen.\n\nKeeping this in mind, here are 7 things you should do to create successful virtual events:\n\n#7 Do a thorough check on your audio-visual setup\n\n\nAt a virtual event, the only way for attendees and speakers to interact is through audio and video. If there is an issue with either one of these things, you could risk attendees becoming frustrated and switching off. So, you need to make sure your AV equipment is in top working condition on the day of your event. While a simple setup will work for a webinar, more high-end equipment could be required for a virtual conference that has different speakers and multiple sessions.\n\nDetermine your production needs – whether you have backup headphones, top-quality mics, multiple screens, highspeed internet etc. On the event day, do a dry run and check in advance the AV quality, screen sharing, private messaging in chats, audience Q&A, and quick logins to ensure it all comes together perfectly when the event is underway.\n\n#6 Develop interactive content to engage your audience\n\n\nAt any event, be it in-person or virtual, it’s very easy to get attention fatigue. This happens mainly when the content is a one-way deluge of information, facts and stats that a person could get bored with pretty quickly. To keep your attendees engaged, you need to develop interactive, shareable content that grabs their attention and is easy to consume.\n\nOne way to overcome this is by designing interesting polls, quizzes or interactions that empathise with your audience or provides them advantageous insights for their business or maybe even connect with them on a personal level. Check out ‘The Invisible Workload of Event Planners’ as a great example of such content.\n\nYou can also gamify your event through a mobile event app, offer sponsored prizes for contests, or come up with snackable content pieces like short videos to craft a compelling narrative aligned with your audience’s interests.\n\n#5 Create customised presentations optimised for virtual events\n\n\nIf you’ve decided to shift your in-person event entirely online, then you need to first take a pause and understand how you can leverage your content for virtual events. The chances are you’ve already produced a lot of content that you can easily switch up and use for your virtual events. The key here is to remember to optimise the content each channel of delivery. That’s because the way speakers connect with the audience through gestures and visual cues won’t work in the virtual environment. You will need to modify your slide decks to include animations, polls, and videos that can convey emotion and drive home the point, which otherwise might not be possible via a digital medium.\n\n#4 Offer incentives\n\n\nIn the current scenario, most restaurants and bars are closed, but delivery services are still available. If you have a lunch-n-learn scheduled to go online or a virtual conference with multiple sessions, you could maybe send your attendees a gift card for lunch delivery. Offering such incentives demonstrates your generosity in tough circumstances and goes a long way in building and strengthening your relationship with prospects and customers through the year.\n\n#3 Have a dedicated Q&A session\n\n\nIn virtual events, it’s not possible to just walk up to the speaker at the end of a session and ask questions. It’s recommended to have a short, dedicated Q&A session at the end of every presentation so attendees can ask any additional questions or gain more information on particular topics.\n\n#2 Provide exclusive takeaways\n\n\nWhile virtual events will certainly be an important part of the events industry in the future, it’s tough to see them replacing in-person events altogether. That’s because the perceived value of an event increases significantly during physical meetups, especially when hosted in unique, picturesque venues. Replicating the same experience for remote attendees is not possible for obvious reasons, but you can still create a favourable impression by offering virtual event swag. This can include exclusive downloads of eBooks, digital coupons, vouchers, or access to early trials of your latest software. Make sure you highlight all your exclusive content offerings in emails and social ads to create maximum hype for your event.\n\n#1 Choose a virtual event solution that works for you\n\n\nFinally, you need to select the virtual event solution that will work the best for your event. Do a pre-event survey with your attendees to decide what videoconferencing services they prefer e.g. Zoom, Webex, On24 etc. Some might be more suited for informal gatherings while others could work better with large, corporate events and offer mobile support. With virtual events, selecting the best technology provider should be your top priority as it goes a long way to providing the right experiences for your virtual attendees. You must select a platform that offers the desired integrations, cybersecurity, event app, chatbots and more that will enable you to meet your event objectives.\n\nYou are probably dealing with a wealth of new technology so working with partners with the right level of experience can save you a great deal of time and stress. The process of collect event registrations, checking attendees in, collecting feedback and generating post-event reports should be done with ease and without any manual headaches.\n\nThis handy checklist will set you on track to create a successful, engaging online event. If you’re looking for more detailed insights on various aspects of a virtual event, download ‘The Ultimate Guide to Virtual Events’.\n\n\nFelicia Asiedu\n\n\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5016430616378784}
{"content": "Cyprus Hairdressers portal features hair stylists and hairdressers in Cyprus. Browse to find hair salons in Cyprus offering cuts, colors, treatments and styles both for men and woman’s hair. Most of Cyprus hair salons also include makeup artists, manicure pedicure spas, as well as beauty technicians. Locate the Cyprus hair aesthetics experts using a combination of haircutting, hair coloring techniques and treatments.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.622765302658081}
{"content": "Lijiang Old Town (Dayan)\n丽江古城 （大研）\n\n2 Ratings\n\nAbout Lijiang Old Town (Dayan)\n\nIn the early 1990s the Chinese government nominated Lijiang's old town of Dayan (大研) to be recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At the time, Dayan was the last major traditional urban entity in southwest China. It was basically an autonomous town, whose 50,000 or so Naxi(纳西) inhabitants grew their own food, brought in their own fuel, organized their own markets, got water from the streams that ran through town and were dependent on the outside for basically just electricity.\n\nLife in old Dayan ran pretty much the same way it had for centuries. All but a handful of its buildings were in the traditional Chinese style, characterized by red wooden walls, stone foundations and tiled roofs. In terms of Heritage Site qualifications, Dayan lacked nothing.\n\nBut in the spring of 1996, much of the town was leveled by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake. Dayan was then steadily rebuilt on a grand scale using traditional architectural flourishes and incorporating features like canals, parks and public squares. Today, it is one of the most visited destinations in China, and a large modern city has grown up around it. Dayan maintains its ancient traditions with pride, while also offering up some of the best dining and accommodation options available in Yunnan.\n\nCity center\n\nPlaces inside Lijiang Old Town (Dayan)\n\nWhat other visitors say\n\n2 review\n\n\nBeen to LiJiang old town few years back, there are so much to do there. The night view is attractive, the people here are kind. I love it here so much and I definitely want to go back once I found some free time, and I will bring more friends with me to explore the city this time. I can' wait.\ndr. chibbles\nPlenty to do here: wander, shop, eat, drink explore. Yes, it is a bit overbuilt and at peak travel times the crowds can be a little overwhelming. These drawbacks are easy to get around with a bit of exploring and, getting lost even. And that's what traveling is all about, right? Local culture is still strong, the 'old' feel resonates. There's a reason this city is one of China's most visited.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8923306465148926}
{"content": "Indicators: RSI, Volatility, Volume, HMM\n\nKey price levels : 1.0200 - 1.0801 - 1.10002\n\nWeekly Charts pattern : resistance line , W1 Chart.\n\nWeekly Vision\n\nAUD/SGD is moving in a bullish pattern dynamics . The chart analysis of the bullish regime can be supported by the Hidden Markov Models Analysis, the RSI momentum indicator. The China monetary policy and the Oil retracement could give also some support to the bias.\nDaily Vision\nThe D1 scale indicates that AUD/SGD is in a possible bullish recovery regime pattern. The retracement at the resistance line can lead to a possible bearish dynamics. As indicated in fig 2, the pattern forecast is indicated between the 1.0801 line and the 1.03029 line of the pattern. The Hidden Markov analysis and the RSI study are coherent with a slightly bullish regime with objective at the 1.06932 zone.\nForecast evaluation\n  1. The forecast value in the bearish is valuated at 1.0200\n  2. The forecast with the bullish cycle is valuated at 1.06932\n\nFigure 1 describes in a W1 the trendlines with the key price levels.\n\nFigure 2 exhibits the hypothetical path and the forecast value\nConsidering the slope of the trends, the key level price and the posible retracement it can be evaluated a forecast price level at 1.06932.\nTranslate to English Show original", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8180724382400513}
{"content": "The US election: forecasting the environmental agenda under the Biden Administration\n\nThe Biden Administration will likely bring major changes to EHS regulation. From an increased focus on climate and chemicals to a renewed emphasis on workplace safety, here’s our prediction on the next four years.\n\nTM Photo\n\nby Taylor Murphy\n\nEnvironmental, Health & Safety (EHS) policy in the United States is a constantly shifting reality as new administrations enter the White House. The contrast between the Trump policies on EHS and Biden’s anticipated approach to policy could not be more stark.\n\nThe Biden administration will likely result in sweeping impacts on several areas of environmental regulation, including climate change, chemical management, and enforcement. In addition, the emphasis on health and safety regulations may change and there will be new leadership in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Given these dramatic changes – which will be rolled out in early 2021 – companies around the globe must be prepared for new regulatory developments and challenges. Below, we break down what we anticipate will be the most pressing issues facing industry stakeholders during the course of the new administration.\n\nThe Biden Administration’s approach to the environment\n\nBiden made it clear in his campaign that he will focus on eliminating Greenhouse gases (GHGs) as part of the effort to address climate change. First, Biden said that his administration’s “Day 1” task would be to reenter the Paris Climate Agreement. The United States officially dropped out of the Agreement on 4 November 2020. The Agreement aims at protecting the planet from the worsening impacts of the climate crisis shaped around voluntary commitments reviewed and reassessed every 5 years.\n\nSecond, President-elect Biden’s climate plan, which is not as aggressive as some proposed plans (e.g., the Green New Deal), is still the most progressive climate strategy in US history. For example, Biden’s plan proposes to:\n\n  • make US electricity production carbon-free by 2035;\n  • achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 (net-zero requires that any carbon emissions are balanced by absorbing an equivalent amount from the atmosphere);\n  • upgrade 4 million buildings to make them more energy efficient; and\n\nBiden also committed to requiring publicly traded companies to disclose climate risks and the GHG emissions in their operations and supply chains. Biden would likely accomplish this by directing the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to mandate public corporate climate disclosures.\n\nFurther, it is expected that Biden will attempt to reverse the actions of President Trump that overturned or nullified several Obama-era regulations such as the Clean Power Plan, which aimed to reduce GHG emissions from the power sector. Other possible topics of climate interest to the new Administration may include vehicle GHG emission and fuel economy standards and restrictions on methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. A Biden Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would likely work toward returning closer to Obama-era regulations.\n\nNotably, Biden’s impact will likely be limited to actions that the executive branch can take alone, including rulemaking and executive orders. Regardless of which major party controls the Senate, passing significant legislation requires bipartisan support, which is increasingly challenging. It is important to note that some states, like California, are already more aggressively regulating GHGs than the current EPA. Those states, and possibly more, will likely continue to do so in the future, even if the federal regulations do not.\n\nThe Biden Administration and chemical management\n\nUnder the Trump Administration, there has been an increase in chemical regulations and enforcement. Under President-elect Biden, an increase in chemical regulation will likely not only continue, but possibly ramp up.\n\nFirst, a Biden-EPA will likely take a stricter approach to implementing the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). For example, there could be:\n\n  • expanded data submission requirements for industry;\n  • reevaluation of Trump-era reviews with an expanded evaluation scope beyond just “intended use”;\n  • reprioritization of the most controversial chemicals; and possibly\n  • increased alignment between a Biden-EPA and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) and its Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation.\n\nSecond, President Trump amended the Risk Management Plan (RMP) to remove some of the Obama-era regulations that imposed more requirements on industry. Because the rule has been updated twice in the past 3 years, it may or may not be amended again soon. But, it is important to note that the RMP regulations could be subject to change under the new administration, possibly reestablishing more of the Obama-era 2017 protections and requirements.\n\nFinally, with a stricter TSCA, industry will likely see an increase in enforcement of chemical management requirements. For example, the Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) data was reported to EPA by companies in November 2020. So, it is likely that a Biden-EPA will use that new data to increase enforcement on companies.\n\nWill the Biden Administration revoke Trump regulations?\n\nJust like we saw when President Trump took office, it is likely that a Biden Administration will repeal and replace, revoke, or modify several of the environmental regulations that were passed under the Trump Administration. Depending on the leadership at EPA, the likely areas of focus include:\n\n  • the oil and gas industry;\n  • refineries; and\n  • chemical manufacturers.\n\nThe Biden Administration will likely work to unwind Trump’s actions that weakened nearly 100 environmental regulations. The Department of Justice (DOJ) could change its position in ongoing litigation and ask the courts to remand the rules to the relevant agencies. However, the administration would generally need to initiate new notice and comment rulemakings to reverse the Trump Administration’s rollbacks. Importantly, once finalized, rulemakings will likely be challenged in court, and the new 6-3 conservative majority on the US Supreme Court may impede the ability to issue aggressive regulations in the short term.\n\nAlternatively, Congress can utilize the Congressional Review Act to repeal rules issued within the last 60 legislative days, such as the reversal of the “Once In, Always In” rule that was issued on 19 November 2020 and is effective on 19 January 2021-the day before Biden’s inauguration. Other likely targets for repeal from a Biden administration include, among other things:\n\n  • Trump Administration’s EPA methane rule;\n  • the National Environmental Policy Act regulations; and\n  • the Navigable Waters Protection Rule.\n\nThe Biden Administration: increased OSHA enforcement\n\nDuring his campaign, Biden called for doubling the number of OSHA investigators to provide for more enforcement of existing laws, standards and guidelines. Biden likely will increase the number of investigators in both OSHA and the Mine Safety Health and Administration.\n\nFurther, the Biden Administration likely will begin enforcing the 2016 OSHA Anti-Retaliation Rule. The 2016 amendment prohibits employers from retaliating against employees that report work-related injuries or illnesses. The 2016 rule indicated that automatic post-incident drug testing policies could discourage employees from properly reporting injuries. Thus, companies may want to assess any blanket post-accident drug testing policies they may have and consider a drug testing policy that tests for drugs when employee drug use “could have contributed to the injury or illness (and therefore the result of the drug test could provide insight into why the injury or illness occurred)” among other factors, which would more closely resemble a reasonable-suspicion-based standard [see: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Interpretation of 1904.35(b)(1)(i) and (iv), Oct. 19, 2016].\n\nThe Biden Administration: nationwide management of COVID-19\n\nIn his campaign, Biden outlined a plan for responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. First, Biden called for a decisive public health response that ensures:\n\n  • the wide availability of free testing;\n  • the elimination of all cost barriers to preventive care and treatment for COVID-19;\n  • the development of a vaccine; and\n  • the full deployment and operation of necessary supplies, personnel and facilities.\n\nBiden will likely want OSHA to develop an emergency standard related to COVID-19 safety in the workplace. First, Biden will probably fill the vacant OSHA deputy assistant secretary position; a deputy can get a temporary emergency standard enacted. An emergency rule would not require a public comment period, so it would more quickly impact companies. Once an emergency standard is in place, OSHA will likely start working on a permanent rule.\n\nUnder Biden, the OSHA rule could be similar to the proposed infectious disease standard that the Obama Administration worked on during the H1N1 pandemic, which was never adopted. That rule would have required certain high-exposure workplaces to implement infection control programs to protect their workers permanently. The plan that Biden laid out seems to focus on requiring health care facilities to implement comprehensive infectious disease exposure control plans; however, it is likely that a permanent bill would also regulate other high-risk industries.\n\nWhat does this mean for companies?\n\nIn general, a Biden Presidency will likely mean that there will be more regulations for industry. A Biden Administration will likely increase climate change-related regulation, with a focus on mobile sources of emissions. There may be increased regulation in the chemical management area as well. Regulated industry can also anticipate more enforcement of environmental laws, including more federal enforcement in state-delegated programs. Companies should consider taking proactive measures to ensure compliance with future regulations, including assessing current environmental compliance and participating in the regulatory process by commenting on any proposed regulations that would impact their operations. Likewise, workplace safety enforcement will most likely be more aggressive under a Biden-OSHA. Finally, under Biden, companies will probably see more regulation related to pandemics at the federal level.\n\nKeep on top of how compliance keeps changing\n\n\nSign up for the newsletter", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.903059720993042}
{"content": "ECBA Live Seminar: Making Sense of Medicare\n\nECBA Seminars\nWednesday, February 24, 2021\n10:30 am - 12:00 pm\n\nRegistration: 10:15 a.m.\nSeminar: 10:30 a.m. - Noon\n\n$70.00 (ECBA Members and their Non-attorney Staff)\n$90.00 (Non-members)\n\nThis course has been approved for 1.5 hours Substantive CLE credit\n\nThis presentation is an overview of the Medicare system. The goal is to provide a basic understanding of how Medicare functions and how it can be effectively used to obtain affordable quality health services. We will examine the purpose and design of Medicare; Medicare’s eligibility and enrollment criteria; and the various components that comprise the Medicare system — how they function and interact with each other and coordinate with non-Medicare health care coverage.\n\n\n  1. Recognize the basic function and utilization of the Medicare System.\n  2. Identify the multiple components of the Medicare System and their specific characteristics.\n  3. Recognize the decisions that individuals eligible for Medicare need to make, and be able to evaluate which options are most effective for an individual’s specific needs.\n  4. Identify other programs that provide assistance for health care costs and recognize how Medicare coordinates and integrates with these other health care benefit programs.\n\nWilliam McKendree, JD, MPA, is Executive Director of the Pennsylvania Healthcare Benefit Support Program, a non-profit agency helping people access affordable healthcare services through counseling, education and advocacy. In addition to his work at PHBSP, Mr. McKendree teaches at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Law and School of Pharmacy, and is Preceptor for the School of Pharmacy’s Experiential Learning Program at the Birmingham Free Health Clinic (on Pittsburgh’s South Side).\n\nDue to Gov. Tom Wolf’s COVID-19 facility restrictions, the ECBA will hold programs live when possible, via Zoom or a combination of both. The Will J. Schaaf & Mary B. Schaaf Education Center can ONLY seat 16 people. Once that limit has been reached, the remaining registrants can participate in the CLE via Zoom.\n\nReservations due to the ECBA office by Wednesday, February 17, 2021.\n\nRegistration Cost: See registration form for details", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9929937720298767}
{"content": "Influence of calcium and boron on fluorescence parameters in domestic plums\n\nI. Grāvīte, E. Kaufmane\nClimate change and the meteorological conditions during the winter have severely negative impact on the quality of the plum orchards. It is necessary to increase the winter hardiness of plum trees and buds as influenced by abiotic and biotic factors. Balanced composition of nutrients is important. High fluctuations of temperatures occur in winter during recent years, resulting in bud damage and even tree losses. Calcium (Ca) and boron (B) can have a significant impact on both plant vegetative growth and generative development. The aim of the study was to determine influence of the foliar sprays of Ca and B on plant photochemical activity, reducing the stress caused by environmental factors. In order to determine the changes caused by fertilizers, the following were determined: chlorophyll content index (CCI) and parameters of fluorescence: Fv/Fm (the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) to maximum fluorescence value (Fm)); plant performance index (PI) and density of active reaction centres as ratio RC/ABS which characterizes the number of active photochemical performance of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centres in respect to the quantity of light absorbed. The investigation was done at the Latvia State Institute of Fruit Growing with the Latvian plum cultivars 'Sonora' and 'Lase', and as a control, 'Duke of Edinburgh' (syn. 'Prince of Wales') was used. Boron and calcium foliar sprays were used in the period from 2011 to 2013. High variation was found for fluorescence parameters between foliar sprays. There were statistically significant differences of mean values of Fv/Fm, RC/ABS and PI. Evaluation of the plant photosynthesis processes (chlorophyll a concentration index and fluorescence indices) showed that plants treated by boron foliar sprays had better regeneration after the stresses caused by agro-climatic factors, their intensity of vegetative growth was lower after the beginning of fruit production in comparison with other variants.\nGrāvīte, I. and Kaufmane, E. (2016). Influence of calcium and boron on fluorescence parameters in domestic plums. Acta Hortic. 1130, 511-518\nDOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1130.77\nPrunus domestica L., abiotic stress, chlorophyll content index, chlorophyll a fluorescence, performance index, RC/ABS index\n\nActa Horticulturae", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.993621826171875}
{"content": "Ursula Coope is Professor of Ancient Philosophy at the Faculty of Philosophy and a Professorial Fellow of Keble College.\n\nShe studied at Oxford, UC Berkeley and Princeton. She was a Jacobsen Fellow at UCL and then a lecturer at Birkbeck before moving to Oxford in 2006 to take up a Tutorial Fellowship at Corpus Christi. She has held visiting positions at Princeton and NYU and has had periods of research funded by the AHRC, by a Philip Leverhulme Prize and by a mid-career fellowship from the British Academy. She joined Keble in 2017.\n\nHer research focuses on two related areas: Aristotle (especially philosophy of nature and action), and Neoplatonist philosophy (especially questions about freedom and responsibility).\n\nHer first book, Time for Aristotle: Physics IV 10-14, examined Aristotle’s account of time, an account that raises questions about temporal order, the role of the present, and the relation between time and the mind. She has also worked on Aristotle’s views on change, agency and the infinite. Her interest in Aristotle’s philosophy of action is partly in metaphysical questions (in particular, how the views he adopts in the Physics affect his account of action), but also in questions of psychology. (What is the relation between desiring something and thinking it good? What is distinctive about human, as opposed to animal, action? What is the nature of technical expertise and how does it differ from theoretical knowledge?)\n\nHer forthcoming book, Freedom and Responsibility in Neoplatonist Thought, discusses Neoplatonist accounts of freedom and responsibility. The Neoplatonists think that to become free is to become perfect. This book asks about the notion of freedom that underlies this claim. (Why do the Neoplatonists think that only something nonbodily can be free? How is freedom related to self-causation?) The book also takes up questions about responsibility. (If those who act badly fail to achieve freedom, then how it be right to blame them for acting badly? What justifies the claim that human beings are responsible for what they do in a way that animals are not?)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.952754020690918}
{"content": "Intermittent Fasting and Keto: The Pros and Cons\n\n\nLast Updated on October 2, 2019 by Michael Joseph\n\nIntermittent fasting (IF) and ketogenic diets are all the rage now. They both promote fat burning.\n\nBut how well do these two approaches combine?\n\nA Clock Showing An 8-Hour Feeding Time (Representing Intermittent Fasting).\n\nKetogenic diets promote fat burning by restricting carbs, which forces you to rely more on dietary fat.\n\nIF restricts all calories for a large part of the day, usually 16 hours or more. Due to your body’s oxidative priority, stored carbs (glycogen) are burned off first. This triggers conditions granting you greater access to burn stored body fat.\n\nOverall fat burning increases in both the proportion as well as the total amount.\n\nTruth be told, ‘fat burning’ is a bit of a marketing term. It’s used in the diet industry to purposely mislead people into thinking that fat burning equals fat loss.\n\nDespite this, it’s also true that fat burning is a very important metabolic state for humans to be in. Modern science is starting to (re)appreciate this fact.\n\nThere are different kinds of ketogenic diet, as well as ways to fast intermittently. Before diving into the pros and cons of combining a ketogenic diet and IF, we’ll define both of these briefly.\n\nIntermittent Fasting\n\nTo IF, simply do not eat for 16 hours during your day (or have caloric drinks). 16 hours of fasting is a loose rule based on subjective expert consensus. Up to a full 24 hours of fasting can still be considered IF.\n\nIf you want to IF at a certain time of day like early in the morning, for example, that’s called early time-restricted feeding (eTRF). This means having no more than an 8-hour feeding window. For example, an 8 am breakfast and a late lunch at 4 pm.\n\neTRF is based on the idea that eating early in the morning, when you’re generally more insulin sensitive, is better than in the evening when you’re less so (1).\n\nCircadian rhythms science tells us that in addition to what and how much we eat when you eat or don’t also matters to your health. Our body operates using a variety of biological clocks affecting many things, like for example our ability to handle food depending on the time of day (2).\n\nAlternate-day fasting (ADF), where you eat a normal amount of calories one day and only 0 to 25% the next, is a popular form of IF. It lends itself to those who notice for themselves that with food ‘total abstinence is easier than perfect moderation’.\n\nEating about a quarter of your usual calories on some days is also called a fat fast if about 80% come from fat and very few from carbs. It’s used by clinicians who can’t get patients to fully fast right away and so ease them into it this way.\n\nKetogenic diet\n\nA ketogenic diet is technically any way of eating that produces an agreed-upon amount of blood ketones, like 0.2, 0.5 or >1.0 mmol/L blood beta-hydroxybutyrate.\n\nTypically this is done by eating very few carbs (e.g. 20 g of net or total carbs) and a high proportion of calories from fat (e.g. ~ 80%).\n\nKetogenic diets cause people to secrete less of the hormone insulin compared to people on standard western diets. By not secreting more insulin from your pancreas a so-called low insulin environment can take hold. This physiological environment also accounts for much of the renowned benefits of fasting (3, 4).\n\nWhat are the pros and cons of combining this fat burning diet (keto) with a fat burning pattern of eating (intermittent fasting)?\n\nCons of IF and keto\n\nThe cons of IF whilst on a ketogenic diet are minimal and basically come down to a few examples of particular contexts where other dietary patterns are optimal.\n\nToo Satiating\n\nBenefits of IF and well-formulated ketogenic diets include filling up quickly (satiation) and staying full for long (satiety).\n\nWhen might that work against you?\n\nA professional bodybuilder taking full advantage of their regimen will struggle to reach their calorie goal while staying within a restricted feeding window for weeks at a time. It would be much easier for them to eat more often throughout the day and stimulate their appetite with some carbs.\n\nCrossfitters, and in particular swimmers who lose a lot of calories to their liquid environment, may also find it hard to eat enough food for proper recovery within a restricted feeding window.\n\nSocial pressure\n\nSkipping a meal when you’re in a social setting simply because you’re not hungry can be a difficult situation to navigate. The social expectation to eat 3 meals a day and snack is pervasive and ingrained.\n\nSocial pressure commonly leads people to drop their ketogenic diet or IF pattern. Keto friendly meals and foods are much less available compared to vegetarian options, for instance.\n\nAdherence to ketogenic diets would likely be higher were more options widely available.\n\nRecovering from sarcopenia or cachexia\n\nPeople with cachexia or sarcopenia must regain precious muscle mass that is hard to come by. Making that a priority means not limiting how often they can eat in a day or the size of their eating window.\n\nIn this context, the metabolic benefits of not eating for two-thirds of the day are either overshadowed or even counterproductive.\n\nThis doesn’t mean intermittent fasting on a ketogenic diet is bad for maintaining or putting on muscle mass. The ketogenic diet is adequate on both accounts as is intermittent fasting provided enough protein and calories are eaten (5, 6).\n\nToo little for too long\n\nPeople who cannot go for more than a handful of hours without snacking are unfortunately addicted to food or are most commonly deeply diabetic. Either way, both problems may take considerable time and effort to overcome.\n\nSome can jump straight into intermittent fasting while others can’t without ending up bingeing. Those same people may find more success by first swapping out unhealthy snacks (e.g., potato chips) for healthier ones (e.g. macadamia nuts) before comfortably doing IF.\n\nThese strategic questions are important for people to ask themselves and seek answers from health professionals. This is particularly true if you’re on medications as the dosage may need to be adjusted.\n\nFalse positive blood tests!\n\nYou could get a blood test back saying your fasting triglycerides are in the unhealthy elevated range, when in fact they’re not. Why is that?\n\nIf you IF while on a ketogenic diet, your body will be relying on lots of fat to power itself. Therefore, lots of fat is transported through your blood, especially right after a high-fat meal.\n\nIf you finish a high-fat dinner at 9 pm, make sure you wait until at least until 9 am or 11 am the next day before drawing blood. This will give your triglycerides enough time to return to their baseline, fasting levels. You’ll have avoided what engineer and low-carb expert Dave Feldman coined as the carry-over effect.\n\nIn a different context such as a typical higher carb diet, triglycerides will return to fasting levels faster (about 10 hours).\n\n\nDiagram Showing How To Combine a Ketogenic Diet With Intermittent Fasting.\n\nThere are many reasons to combine ketogenic diets with IF (or the other way round).\n\nLess insulin, less fuss?\n\nWhole-body insulin sensitivity varies throughout the day, starting out higher in the morning and then lower in the evening (7).\n\nCompared to low-carb or ketogenic diets, higher carb diets are more insulinogenic. Given the comparatively larger metabolic response of higher carb diets, the more insulinogenic your diet, the more careful you’ll want to be about when you eat.\n\nThe rule of thumb suggests having your largest and most carb-rich (insulinogenic) meal in the morning, when you’re most insulin sensitive (8). But what if you don’t have any carbs for breakfast and have a steak with fried eggs instead?\n\nThis ketogenic meal carries a low insulin burden. This is easier for your metabolism to handle. Thus maybe when you eat it (breakfast vs dinner) matters a little less.\n\nIF is well-timed timed calorie restriction that lowers insulin levels, and ketogenic diets minimize the most insulinogenic macronutrient, namely carbohydrate. This double-hit can powerfully normalize insulin signaling, which is central to enhancing lifespan and healthspan (9, 10, 11).\n\nCircadian friendly, ancestral eating patterns\n\nIF and ketogenic diets are an interesting combination that together drive down insulin and establish an ancestral eating pattern. The latter better aligns with our biological clocks (circadian rhythm) (12).\n\nCircadian rhythm entrainment is a fancy term describing the orchestration of your cells processes. They’re cued to your internal (e.g. suprachiasmatic nucleus) and external (e.g. sunlight) clocks. For instance, proper circadian entrainment is crucial to blood sugar regulation or effective muscle growth and repair (13, 14).\n\nPeople losing fat on a ketogenic diet may experience a keto plateau, where progress slows or even reverses. This can be remedied by implementing IF in addition to the ketogenic diet, thus leveraging both food quality (keto) and timing (IF) for fat-loss.\n\nTiming is a big deal in nutrition; what you eat, when you eat and even the order in which you eat specific macronutrients all matter (15, 16, 17).\n\nDoes this mean IF should only be done with breakfast and no dinner? No, humans adapt well to a range of meal times. A 6-week study where people skipped breakfast but still ate the same amount of calories showed neutral results in terms of short-term metabolic responses (18).\n\nFat-loss and body composition\n\nIF and its variations are effective and sustainable fat-loss strategies. Let’s look at them separately first.\n\n1 to 3 months of Alternate-Day Fasting, a type of IF, can decrease body weight by 3% – 7% and fat mass by a respectable 3 – 5 kg. Repeatedly fasting for 24 hours for two months can help you drop 5% of your fat mass. Over 3 to 6 months, it can decrease your body weight by 3% – 9% (19, 20).\n\nLower carbohydrate diets (including ketogenic ones) are better for fat-loss than higher carb alternatives (21). For every 10% of calories from carbs removed from your diet, you gain a daily 52 kcal advantage in terms of energy balance (22, 23).\n\n52 calories is about 15 pistachios.\n\nBeyond the ‘metabolic advantage’ of lower carbohydrate diets, there seems to be an appetite advantage too (24). Doctors, patients and the clinical literature consistently report more satiation (the desire to stop eating) and satiety (not wanting to start eating again) on ketogenic diets (25). Ketogenic diets can even blunt the powerful rebound hunger that occurs when drastically and chronically restricting calories (26).\n\nFurthermore, applying calorie restriction intermittently, like with IF, may preserve muscle mass better than chronic caloric restriction does (27).\n\nHealth benefits independent from fat-loss\n\nActive and Healthy Older Adults Running.\n\nThe biggest criticism of IF (and even ketogenic diets) is that they’re merely calorie restriction by another name. And since calorie restriction is what’s really responsible for observed health benefits, they’re not all that exciting (28, 29).\n\nHowever, pre-diabetics doing eTRF on a diet of 50% carbs, 35% fat and 15% protein do better than those eating on a normal schedule – even when matched for weight and caloric intake (30). The eTRF group lowered their blood pressure, oxidative stress and satiety, while also increasing their insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness.\n\nThe extent and frequency of calorie restriction matter too, not just the total caloric load. A near 40% decrease in the satiety hormone PYY occurs after a 2 – 3 day fast (31). This fact may explain why going through daily or periodic fasting may be easier than chronically restricting calories.\n\nIndeed, simply consuming all your calories in 1 meal instead of 3 will most likely lead to improvements in body composition – even when fat-loss isn’t the goal! After six months eating one meal a day, subjects lost 3.5 kg of weight of which 60% (2.1 kg) was from fat. The 3-meal a day group lost no weight (32).\n\nWhen you eat is shown to matter in animal studies too. Mice put on a fast-mimicking diet (FMD) with the same amount of calories used to maintain their body weight, lost weight as well as visceral fat mass but not lean mass (33).\n\nInflammation, longevity, healthspan\n\nFood timing is not only important for body composition but also for healthspan, longevity and markers of inflammation.\n\nResearch in mice suggests they can live 13.6 % longer on a ketogenic diet as well as see significant improvement in healthspan metrics (34). Given how much better humans are adapted to nutritional ketosis than mice, this is quite promising.\n\nIt can’t be said enough, food timing, not only food quality matters. Indeed, an ADF schedule can improve markers of inflammation and oxidative stress even when using nutritionally poor meal-replacement shakes (35). It seems that the better formulated the diet used with IF, the more impressive the improvements in biomarkers are (36).\n\nStudies in mice have even shown how fasting can promote stem cells to switch to ‘regenerative’ mode (37). These results are encouraging, especially since they’re consistent with improvements in human inflammatory profiles: improvement in 8-isoprostane, nitrotyrosine, protein carbonyls, 4-HNE adducts, TNFɑ and BDNF (38).\n\nMore free time\n\nThe obvious but easily forgotten fact about eating a ketogenic diet alongside IF is the time it saves people. Those who IF usually eat two rather than three meals a day, saving themselves considerable amounts of time.\n\nPoor time management is a major stressor nowadays, so any strategy that frees up time has a considerable selling point going for it. IF provides that free time.\n\nKetogenic diets, since they can normalize appetite, tend to provide more stable energy levels (e.g. no hypoglycemia) and less intrusive food thoughts. Improvements in both these factors constitute potentially massive improvements in quality of life.\n\nFinal Thoughts\n\nSustainability is the missing quality in many dietary interventions. Combining intermittent fasting with ketogenic diets can solve the two major pain points that people report for why they couldn’t stick to their diet or fat-loss goal.\n\nThe first is that people can’t reach satiation and satiety, leaving them ravenous and prone to making bad food choices. The fat burning aspects of a well-formulated high-fat diet and going without food for a while address this exceptionally well.\n\nThe other pain point is people are short on time, simply too busy to shop, cook and clean up as necessary. Intermittent fasting can free up a considerable amount of time, thus providing additional mental space for making better food choices.\n\nA well-formulated ketogenic diet eaten within a restricted feeding window is a powerful tool that can both improve your health and lighten your schedule.\n\nLastly, for those who are curious to know their precise ketone levels, here is a guide to ketone measuring strips.\n\nWritten By Raphael Sirtoli\n\nRaphi Sirt, Founder of the Nutrita App.This article is written by Raphael Sirtoli who has an MSc in Molecular Biology. He’s currently doing a PhD in Health Sciences where he conducts neuroscience research on mental health. He is the co-founder of Nutrita, a company helping people follow a low-carb ketogenic diet to reach their health and performance goals. Nutrita created the first-ever ‘Keto score’, the most accurate Insulin index to date, and an advanced ‘Nutrient density score’.\n\nNotify of\nOldest Most Voted\nInline Feedbacks\nView all comments\nDr sunil modi\nDr sunil modi\n1 year ago\n\nGood article.\n\naudrey boyle\naudrey boyle\n1 year ago\n\nHow does a skinny person use IF safely? Or not at all?! I am naturally thin and active but am losing weight despite eating plenty. Am concerned about muscle loss\n\nDr John Stewart\n1 year ago\n\ngood article. well done", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.761435329914093}
{"content": "February 9, 2016\n\nCPN-Pottawatomie County Sheriff partnership benefits area residents\n\nAugust 28, 2019\n\nCensus 2020: Why and how to be counted as a Native American\n\nThe government determines how to distribute millions of federal dollars to programs, grants and Native American tribes using census data. Filling out the form truthfully and accurately remains one of the best ways to ensure CPN remains a vibrant and essential part of the broader community.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9820944666862488}
{"content": "Introduction to module 12 and 13\n\ndata-editing Data editing is the process through which one examines data to detect omissions and errors to rectify the. Through this process one ensures that their information is complete, legible, accurate and consistent. A response that can be applied in Jemma’s case is by finding errors in formulation of the questionnaire. The first step to take is evaluating whether the questionnaire respondent was consistent with the questions the answered. Editing of the questionnaire can be done through field editing and central editing. Through field editing Jenna may review the reporting for foot translating or completing. Central editing is carried out to correct obvious errors and inappropriate replies. Through coding, one assigns alphabetical orders or numbers to answers options so that the responses are collected in limited categories (Stuckey, 2015). Proper coding ensures that classes are relevant to the research question being studied. This process is very significant in effective data analysis. Making effective coding decisions during the design stage, simplifies the process of tabulation. Through exploratory data analysis is data is analyzed through visual methods to explore and summarize its main characteristics. Graphical techniques used in process the method mainly include histograms, run charts, scatter plots and odds ratio. With this information as the background information, this assignment attempts to discuss statistical questions based on a management case study of an arts festival marketing (Sall, 2017).\n\n\nAssignment Questions\n\nJemma should have noticed some obvious problems in with how the questions had been coded. Some issues with the how questions were coded are lack prerecords of data in the first question, respondents answering to more than one question in question five and six, there existed no code for ‘none’ in the seventh question and question eight could be interpreted as two questions in one. In question nine one cannot tell the events being referred to by the respondents, the data in question ten was also not prerecorded and question three was unclear on which circle a respondent on the range age of 31-34 could have responded to.\n\nIn the survey design stage, these problems could be overcome in several ways. In question one, prerecording or listing events for the respondent would rectify the error. Question three could be reworded for easier understanding. Question five and six needed to be clarified further through a brief explanation. The code for ‘none’ was needed for question seven while question eight could have been made to be two separate questions. Question nine needed to be event specific hence rewording would be recommended (Quinlan, 2019). Question ten problem could be overcome by creating a hierarchal coding scheme and adding “leave blank for coding” space.\n\nJemma’s’ research had questions that had a very high likelihood of being asked. Determining the important questions could be done in through the 3 aspects she is most interested in. The three important aspects include the socio- economic state of the attendees, the level to which sponsors associate with the audience as well as the role played by media in determining the events. As per the three categories, it is clear that the sixth question could have been useful in evaluating association of sponsors and audiences while the fifth question could have been useful in evaluating the socio economic status of those in attendance. There existed no questions that fit to evaluate the third aspect.\n\nJenna could have minimized the impact in coding of her questions through a variety of strategies. For instance, she could have used multiple response method or multiple dichotomy method to code responses to problems associated with the fifth and sixth question. In either of the queries, it would have been important to recode where possible to existing variables and codes. New codes and variables would have to be generated if the “other” large number was apparent. Multiple response method would have worked much better if there were a significant number variables and new codes.\n\nDespite there being only two questions that are relevant to the introduction case that has 3 aspects, there are other questions that might be useful. Generally, the ninth and eighth questions are very limited and unsuitable to use. Pie chart mode could be recommended for use in the third question to indicate the common age band and the proportions per age band. Bar and table charts could be used in the fifth question to indicate the percentages or number of people through classifications per economic activity. Bar and table charts could also indicate the percentage or people that associate to certain organizations to the festival. Additionally, chi square tests and cross tabulations would be possible foot the third and fifth questions against the sixth and seventh question. Cross tabulations and Chi squares would be great measure of important differences.\n\nThe scatter plot interprets the relationship between the ease of booking a ticket to the age. There exist two observation points on each coordinate in the graph. The X coordinate and the Y coordinate. The intersection of the two coordinates forms observation points in form of dots. This is also called a correlation, which is visual representation of the relationship between the two variables (Chambers, 2017). The graphical presentation has two properties which are direction and strength. This graph has a positive correlation that has determined its direction. Both variables in this graph seemingly move in similar direction. This means that if one variable decreases the other one decrease as well and if a variable increases, the other does the same. There are strong variations that show a lot of strength intersection points as well as weak intersection points showing weaker strength.\nFrom observation of the scatter graph, the ease of booking at ticket is at a younger age is very high and lowers at an older age. The younger the age, the higher the ease of booking a ticket while the older the age, the lower the ease of booking a ticket. A great example is the highest point in the graph that indicates easiness to book a ticket which is between ages of 18 and 19. The lowest point to easiness of buying a book is indicated to be over the age of 60. Points of intersection also heavily concentrated at the ages of 19 to 45. The points of intersections show that that people in this age group were highest in the study compared to people aged below 19 years or above 60 years.\n\n\nThis statistical research answers important questions on processes Jemma should take in the process of Coding. Some issues that she should notice in the questionnaires are lack of prerecords and lack of clarity in the questions. Some questions in the research also have more significance than others. The pie chart mode and tables were the most suitable for the third and fifth question. An analysis of the scatter plot also gives a deeper understanding of the data presented.\n\n\nChambers, J. M. (2017). Graphical methods for data analysis: 0. Chapman and Hall/CRC.\nQuinlan, C., Babin, B., Carr, J., & Griffin, M. (2019). Business research methods. South Western Cengage.\nSall, J., Stephens, M. L., Lehman, A., & Loring, S. (2017). JMP start statistics: a guide to statistics and data analysis using JMP. Sas Institute.\nStuckey, H. L. (2015). The second step in data analysis: Coding qualitative research data. Journal of Social Health and Diabetes, 3(01), 007-010.\n\nREAD PDF: Data Editing\n\nOur Exclusive Features\n\nWhat's included\nwith your writing order\nOn-time delivery or your money back\nA fully qualified writer in your subject\nIn-depth proofreading by our Quality Control Team\nStandard 7-day amendment period\nA paper written to the standard ordered\nA detailed plagiarism report\nFree 24/7 customer support\nFree cover page\nA comprehensive quality report", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9790071845054626}
{"content": "The vision of Rome in late Renaissance France View larger\nMcGowan (Margaret M.), born 1931\n\nThe vision of Rome in late Renaissance France\n\nLondon, Yale University Press, 2001\n(25.5 cm), xiii, 461 pp., 113 illustrations (12 in colour). Publisher’s boards, pictorial dust jacket. - The book is divided into two parts: the first focusing on how information on ancient Rome, its architecture, art and culture was acquired and transmitted to France by writers and artists (e.g. guidebooks, catalogues of antiquities, the writings of Sebastiano Serlio, Gabriel Simeoni, Blaise de Vigenère, and Justus Lipsius); the second examining the various ways in which this material was perceived, interpreted, and exploited by French artists and writers such as Antoine Caron, Jacques Androuet du Cerceau, Étienne Dupérac, Jean du Bellay and Montaigne. ¶ Fine, unmarked copy.\n\n£ 25\n\n\nRemove bookmark Add bookmark\n\nOur office is closed until 8 February 2021, however we will respond to emails as quickly as possible.\nArchaeology, Greek & Roman\nItaly - Antiquities\nMcGowan, Margaret M., born 1931", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8562767505645752}
{"content": "Join us for a one of a kind journey of connection\n\nJoin us for 10 life changing days in close contact with one of the most emotionally intelligent mammals on earth, the Asian elephant. \n\n\nYou will be guided by the loving heart and hands of Leah Knippel, Yoga Instructor/Spiritual Companion and Owner of Sacred Space Yoga Studio.  Leah has been traveling to Thailand since 1997 and has significant roots there having lived there cumulatively for 5 years, maintains long term friendships with Thai nationals and speaks fluent Thai.   your journey will begin in the in the ancient city of Chiang Mai wandering through its temples and markets while getting a taste of Thai food and culture with options to learn Thai Massage or receive a massage.  Our journey will continue as we explore the charming countryside of Northern Thailand while staying and volunteering at the award winning Elephant Nature Park.\n\n\nYou will be given the tools to relax, rejuvenate, refocus, and reach out to your truest self, your Source, and the fellow beings crossing your life path. Our intention is that this trip becomes a gateway towards possibilities  and a starting place for transformation.  \n\n\n\nYoga and Elephants, a Retreat of Sacred Space Yoga Studio, Frisco, Texas", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9850722551345825}
{"content": "SKU: 04574421720_01\n\nOasis Bouquet Holder - Wedding Belle - Large 7.5in\n\nStraight Handle Wedding Belle Bouquet Holder. The rounded cage helps optimize depth and dimension of bouquet. Floral foam is 3.5\" in diameter, and extends fully into base for secure stem placements. Create a hand-tied look by attaching stems to the outside of the handle. Can also be placed in a bud vase or tall vase. Second photo shows a sola flower bouquet using this holder. If you are using this bouquet holder for Eiffel tower vase centerpieces including ones to hold feathers - note that the stem of this holder is thin enough to fit into the top of most Eiffel tower vases and the handle can actually be cut down if you want it shorter. And you can cover it with floral tape for a tighter fit.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.775969386100769}
{"content": "Friday’s business headlines\n\nINDIANAPOLIS (WISH) – Here’s a look at Friday’s business headlines.\n\n\nInstagram may have leaked email and phone numbers for months.\n\nResearchers say a flaw made the information easy to scrape and turn it into a database.\n\nA report on CNet says a marketing company in India obtained the data.\n\nTrending Headlines\n\nFDA expiration dates\n\nThe FDA has told the food industry to change how it uses expiration dates.\n\nThis is an effort to reduce food waste.\n\nThe agency issued a letter to the food industry at large, throwing its support behind a “best if used by” date label on products.\n\nIt’s also reminding the public that most foods can still be perfectly safe to eat if they’re past the marked date, even if they’re not necessarily quite as tasty anymore.\n\nRetirement savings\n\nAmericans could be about to see the most significant changes in more than a decade to their retirement plans.\n\nThe House bill makes it easier for companies to offer retirement plans.\n\nIt would also repeal the age limit to contributing to an IRA, which is now 70 and a half.\n\nSouthwest Airlines\n\nSouthwest Airlines will allow passengers who want to change planes if they are flying on the Boeing 737 Max to switch planes for free.\n\nSouthwest flew more 737 Maxes than any other airline.\n\nMeanwhile, the FAA says the Boeing 737 Max will return to flight but gave no timetable for that to happen.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9633201956748962}
{"content": "<kbd id='f20bcf277a'></kbd><address id='f20bcf277a'><style id='f20bcf277a'></style></address><button id='f20bcf277a'></button>\n\n\n\n\n          AlabamaAlaskaAmerican SamoaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFederated States of MicronesiaFloridaGeorgiaGuamHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansas\n          KentuckyLouisianaMaineMarshall IslandsMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaNorthern Mariana Islands\n          OhioOklahomaOregonPalauPennsylvaniaPhilippine IslandsPuerto RicoRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirgin IslandsVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9998155236244202}
{"content": "Hpv cervical cancer, Implicarea genomului papiloma virusului uman (hpv) în oncogeneza cancerului cervical\n\nTranslation of\n\n\n\nHigh-risk E6 and E7 bind to p53 and pRb and inactivate their functions with dysregulation of the cell cycle. Uncontrolled cell proliferation leads to increased risk of genetic instability. Usually, it takes decades for cancer to develop.\n\nThis review presents the main mechanisms of HPV hpv cervical cancer in the carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix. Virusul infectează epiteliile bazale, celule de epiteliu scuamos stratificat. Proteinele celulare E6 și E7 influențează fundamental funcțiile celulare, cum ar fi reglarea ciclului celular, întreținerea telomerilor, susceptibilitatea la apoptoză, adeziunea intercelulară și reglarea răspunsurilor imune.\n\nhpv cervical cancer cancerul endometrial este curabil\n\nE6 și E7 cu grad ridicat de risc se leagă la p53 și PRB și inactivează funcțiile lor cu dereglarea ciclului celular. Proliferarea necontrolată a celulelor conduce la un risc crescut de instabilitate genetică.\n\nDe obicei, este nevoie de zeci de ani pentru a dezvolta un cancer. Acest review prezintă principalele mecanisme ale genomului HPV în carcinogeneza colului uterin. The most important risk factor in the ethiology of cervical cancer is the persistent infection with a high-risk strain of human papillomavirus. Materials and hpv cervical cancer This general review was conducted based on the AngloSaxone literature from PubMed and Medline to identify the role of HPV genome in the development of cervical cancer.\n\nDiscussions Genital human papillomavirus HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Although the majority of hpv cervical cancer cause no symptoms and are self-limited, persistent infection with high-risk types of HPV is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer precursors and invasive cervical cancer.\n\nThe presence of HPV in They are also responsible for others genital neoplasias like vaginal, vulvar, anal, and penian.\n\nAlte traduceri Fortunately, cervical cancer among women can now be prevented with a vaccine HPV. Din fericire, cancerul de col uterin în rândul femeilor poate fi acum prevenit printr-un vaccin HPV.\n\nHPV is a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus from the family of Papillomaviridae, with an 8 kb circular genome composed of six early ORFs open reading frames with role in viral transcription and replication E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, E7two late ORFs L1,2-capsid proteins and a non-coding long controlled region LCR that contains a variety of cis elements, which regulate viral replication and gene expression.\n\nMore than HPV types have been identified, and about 40 can infect the genital tract. Based on their association with hpv cervical cancer cancer and precursor lesions, HPVs are grouped to high-risk 16, 18, 31, 33, 34, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82 and low-risk HPV types parazit kod psa, 11, 42, 43,  44, 54, 61, 70, 72, Natural history Most genital HPV infections are benign, subclinical, and self-limited, and a high proportion of infections associated with low-grade cervical dysplasias also regress spontaneously 1.\n\nBy contrast, persistent hpv cervical cancer infection infection detected more than once in an interval of 6 months or longer with an oncogenic HPV type, especially HPV 16 and HPV 18, is the most important risk factor for progression to high-grade dysplasia, a precancerous lesion that should be treated to prevent the development of invasive cancer 2.\n\nHPV is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the development of cervical cancer. Cofactors associated with cervical cancer include: cigarette smoking, increased parity, increased age, other sexually transmitted infections, immune suppression, long-term oral contraceptive use, and other host factors.\n\nFigure 1. Schematic representation of hpv cervical cancer HPV double-stranded circular Hpv cervical cancer genome Journal of Virology Nov HPV integration into the host genome and Papillomavirus life cycle To establish infection, the virus must infect hpv cervical cancer epithelial cells of stratified squamous epithelium, that are long hpv cervical cancer or have stem cell-like properties. Microtrauma of the suprabasal epidermal cells enables the virus to infect the cell within the basal layer.\n\nOnce inside the host cell, HPV DNA replicates as the basal cells differentiate and progress to the surface of the epithelium. The viral genome maintains itself hpv cervical cancer an episome in basal cells, where the viral genes are poorly expressed.\n\nIn the differentiated keratinocytes of the suprabasal layers of the epithelium, the virus switches to a rolling-circle mode of DNA replication, amplifies its DNA to high copy number, synthesizes capsid proteins, and causes viral assembly to occur 3.\n\nHPV needs hpv conjunctival papilloma cell factors to regulate viral transcription and replication. Their function is to subvert the cell growth-regulatory pathways by binding and inactivating tumor suppressor proteins, cell cyclins, and hpv cervical cancer kinases and modify the cellular environment in order to facilitate viral replication in a cell that is terminally differentiated and has exited the cell cycle 4.\n\nCell growth is regulated by two cellular proteins: the tumor suppressor protein, p53, and the retinoblastoma gene product, pRB. Unlike in many other cancers, the p53 in cervical cancer is usually wild type and is not mutated. E6  binds to hpv cervical cancer via a cellular ubiquitin ligase named E6AP, so that it becomes ubiquitinated, leading to degradation and down-regulation of pathways involved in cycle arrest  and apoptosis.\n\nThis degradation has the same effect as an inactivating mutation.\n\n  • cancerului de col uterin - Translation into English - examples Romanian | Reverso Context\n  • Момент, которого ждал Элвин, наступил.\n\n  • Когда в прошлом производились какие-то модификации, ячейки памяти не просто освобождались.\n\n  • Изображение тускнело, но он все еще слышал повелительный голос, громом врывающийся в его сознание: Вы больше не боитесь, Джизирак.\n\n  • Hpv throat cancer base of tongue\n  • Verrue papillomavirus contagieux\n  • Мы сделали свое дело -- для хорошего ли, для дурного ли, и с этим -- .\n\nIt is likely that ubiquitin ligase E6AP is a key player not only in the degradation of p53 but also in the hpv cervical cancer of telomerase and cell transformation by E6 5. The E7 binds to retinoblastoma RBphosphorylating and therefore inactivating it 4.\n\nAlso it binds to other hpv cervical cancer interactive hpv cervical cancer proteins such as cyclin E. Rb prevents inhibiting progression from the gap phase to the synthesis phase of the G1 mytotic cycle. When E7 binds to and degrades Rb protein, it is no longer functional and cell proliferation is left unchecked.\n\nThe outcome is stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. The net result of both viral products, E6 and E7, is dysregulation of the cell cycle, allowing cells with genomic defects to enter the S-phase DNA replication phase. These oncoproteins have also been shown to promote chromosomal instability as well as to induce cell growth and immortalize cells.\n\nNext, the E5 gene product induces an increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, thereby enhancing cellular responses to growth and differentiation factors. This results in continuous proliferation and delayed differentiation of the host cell.\n\nThe changing epidemiology of HPV and cervical cancer\n\nThe E1 and E2 gene products are synthesized next, with important role in the genomic replication. Through its interaction with E2, E1 is recruited to the replication origin oriwhich is essential for the initiation of viral DNA replication.\n\nE2 also contributes to the segregation of viral DNA in the cell division process by tethering the viral DNA to the host chromosome through interaction with Brd4. Hpv cervical cancer of the viral genome is essential to maintain the HPV infection in the basal hpv cervical cancer, in which the copy number of the viral genome is very low.\n\nThen, a putative late promoter activates the capsid genes, L1 and L2 6. Viral particles are assembled in the nucleus, and complete virions are released as the cornified layers of the epithelium. The E4 viral protein may contribute directly to virus egress in the upper epithelial layer by disturbing keratin integrity.\n\nIn the replication process, viral DNA becomes established throughout the entire thickness of the epithelium but intact virions are found only in the upper layers of the tissue. This leads to acanthosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, and deepening of rete ridges, creating the typical papillomatous cytoarchitecture seen histologically. Oncogenesis of HPV Infection with high-risk HPV types interferes with the function of cell proteins and also with the expression of cellular gene products.\n\nMicroarray analysis of cells infected with El virus del papiloma humano caracteristicas has shown that cellular genes are up-regulated and cellular genes are down-regulated by HPV 7. There are two main outcomes from the integration of viral DNA into the host genome that can eventually lead to tumour formation: blocking the cells apoptotic pathway and blocking synthesis regulatory proteins, leading to uncontrolled mitosis.\n\nHigh risk HPVs have some specific strategies that contribute to their oncogenic potential. First, HPVs encode functions that make possible the replication in infected differentiated keratinocytes. Production of viral genomes is critically dependent on the host cellular DNA synthesis machinery.\n\nHPVs are replicated in differentiated squamous epithelial cells that are growth arrested and thus incompetent to support genome synthesis. An additional important aspect of the papillomavirus life cycle is the long-term viral persistence in squamous epithelia, where cells constantly undergo differentiation and differentiated cells are shed.\n\nBinding disrupts their functions, and alter cell cycle regulatory pathways, leading to cellular transformation. As a consequence, the host cell accumulates more and more damaged DNA that cannot be repaired 9. The essential condition hpv cervical cancer the virus to determine a malign transformation is to persist in the tissue. In the outer layers of the epithelium, viral DNA is packaged into capsids and progeny virions are released to re-initiate infection.\n\nTraducere \"cervical cancer\" în română\n\nBecause the highly immunogenic virions are synthesized at the upper layers of stratified squamous epithelia they undergo only relatively limited surveillance by cells of the immune hpv cervical cancer. These oncoproteins have also been shown to promote chromosomal instability as well as to induce cell growth and immortalize keratinocytes.\n\nActivitățile derulate în întreaga lume cu ocazia acestei zile au drept obiectiv încurajarea autorităților să ia măsuri în vederea reducerii numărului de cazuri de cancer cauzate de HPV, atât în cazul femeilor, cât și în cazul bărbaților, prin facilitarea accesului acestora la strategii de prevenire a infecției cu HPV - vaccinarea anti-HPV sau programe de screening.\n\nE6-induced degradation of these proteins potentially causes loss of cell-cell contacts mediated by tight junctions and thus contributes to the loss of cell polarity seen in HPV-associated cervical cancers In addition to the effects of activated oncogenes and chromosome instability, potential mechanisms contributing to transformation include methylation of viral and cellular DNA, telomerase activation, and hormonal and immunogenetic factors.\n\nProgression to cancer generally takes place over a period of 10 to 20 years.\n\nInvolvement of Human Papillomavirus genome in oncogenesis of cervical cancer\n\nFigure 2. Cervical carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process involving genetic, environmental, hormonal and immunological factors in addition to persistent HPV infection.\n\nIt's what causes cervical cancer. În tratamentul cancerului de col uterin, Hycamtin este asociat cu un alt medicament, denumit cisplatină. When treating cervical cancerHycamtin is combined with another medicine, called cisplatin. Cauza cancerului de col uterin este de papilomavirus uman HPV. The cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus HPV.\n\nThree steps are necessary for development of cervical cancer: infection with a kigh-risk HPV type, progression to a premalignant lesion and invasion. High-risk HPV-DNA integrate into the host genome and can lead to tumour formation by blocking the cells apoptotic pathway and blocking synthesis regulatory proteins leading to uncontrolled mitosis.\n\nProgression to cancer takes place over a very long period of time decadesso the most important way to prevent its development diffuse intraductal papillomatosis an efficient screening program of all women hpv cervical cancer Pap smears and gynecologic visits.\n\nBaseman, J. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections. Khan, M. The elevated year parazitii degeneratia urmatoare remix of cervical precancer and cancer in women with human papillomavirus HPV type 16 or 18 and the possible utility of type-specific HPV testing in clinical practice.\n\nCancer Inst. Flores, E. Allen-Hoffman, D. Lee, C. Sattler, and P. Establishment of the human papillomavirus type 16 HPV life cycle in an immortalized human foreskin keratinocyte cell line.\n\npapilloma on vocal folds helminth infections and cardiovascular diseases toxocara species is contributing to the disease\n\nVirology Syrjänen, S. New concepts on the role of human papillomavirus in cell cycle regulation. Thomas, M. Pim, and L. The role of the E6-p53 interaction in the molecular pathogenesis of HPV. Oncogene McBride A. Partitioning hpv cervical cancer genomes in mitosis: same idea, different targets.\n\npapillomas clear discharge papilloma natural cure\n\nCell Cycle 5, — Dietrich-Goetz W. A cellular kDa protein recognizes the negative regulatory element of human papillomavirus hpv cervical cancer mRNA. Yoshinouchi, M. Hongo, K. Nakamura, J. Kodama, S. Itoh, H. Sakai, and T. Halbert, C. Demers, and D.\n\nhpv cervical cancer\n\nThe E7 gene of human papillomavirus type 16 is sufficient for immortalization of human epithelial cells. Human papillomavirus 16, E6 oncoprotein binds to interferon regulatory factor-3 and inhibits its transcriptional activity. Genes Dev ; — Nakagawa S, Huibregtse JM. Human scribble Vartul is targeted for ubiquitin-mediated degradation by the high-risk papillomavirus E6 proteins and the E6AP ubiquitin-protein ligase.\n\nMol Cell Biol ; —", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8628554940223694}
{"content": "Debt Relief in Natalbany\n\nLouisiana financial problems are very common occurrences in Natalbany LA because of the present financial climate. These credit card debt problems are brought on by unexpected Natalbany job loss, poor health and many other issues. Most people in Natalbany tend to freeze with fear watching as their lives worsen into a nightmare the moment they are challenged financially.\n\nSo what is the best thing you can do in Natalbany when you realize you can't even keep up minimum credit card debt payments? Just like anyone else from Natalbany or other parts of Louisiana, many Natalbany residents are likely to encounter financial difficulties at some point. Fortunately, Natalbany residents can seek Natalbany credit card debt settlement.\n\nThe main card consolidation loans method makes use of a Natalbany debt relief loans expert. The role of the credit card debt settlement specialist is liaising with and negotiating with the Louisiana creditors. Professionalized Natalbany credit card debt settlement experts organize and negotiate reduction of payments as well as the interest rates. They also strategize to come up with the quickest Louisiana settlement date. This Natalbany card consolidation loans method works effectively for those Natalbany debtors who identify their credit card debt problem before reaching bankruptcy.\n\nNatalbany (LA) Debt Relief Programs\n\nAnother debt relief loans method is Louisiana debt relief. In this method, the Natalbany debtor gets sufficient funds from a Louisiana financial organization to clear their financial troubles. The Natalbany debtor then uses the loan to make a final payment allowing him to break out of the mess of high interest credit card debt. The good thing about this Natalbany credit card debt settlement method is that after paying the Louisiana creditor using borrowed money, the Natalbany debtor is a charged a lower interest rate. In fact, this Natalbany card consolidation loans method is manageable and easy to keep track of. Natalbany Louisiana has well-established credit card debt settlement systems which people in Natalbany can make use of to avoid Louisiana bankruptcy. There are great benefits one can get from the credit card debt settlement service in Natalbany. Louisiana creditors can use them to improve their Natalbany credit score. Natalbany debtors who feel that they are overwhelmed should consider debt relief, Natalbany programs as one way of improving their situation. More...\n\nFREE Natalbany LA Debt Relief Quotes - GET STARTED TODAY!\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.500140905380249}
{"content": "[an error occurred while processing this directive]\n\nHealth and Spirituality Department\n\nPlease remember, this column is designed to help the consumer seeking behavioral-health information, and not intended to be any form of psychotherapy or a replacement for professional, individualized services. Opinions expressed in the column are those of the columnist and do not represent the position of other SelfhelpMagazine.com staff.\n\n\nI am finding myself torn up with anger toward my ex-spouse. Whenever I have to see him, my stomach churns. He hurt me a great deal. Can you help?\n\n\nAs far as current dealings with your ex-spouse, try to decide how you want to deal with him, e.g., assertive, detached, etc., then, as they say, \"fake it 'till you make it.\" In other words, try to act in accord with how you want to feel.\n\nAt another level, we need to discuss the idea of forgiveness. Keep in mind that forgiveness is not the same as condoning. The things that were done to you will never be OK and forgiveness will not make them so. When we resent someone, that person still has some power in our lives. When we forgive them, it is as if we unplug them so that they no longer drain our power. Pursuing forgiveness toward someone who still has the potential to hurt us is intended to benefit the forgiver.\n\nThe first and most important step is to decide if you are willing to forgive. This involves deciding to rid yourself of resentments which may feel like protection to you. They're not. Resentments only harm the person holding onto them. The other steps are discussed in my book Encounters with Angels. Give some time and thought to the specific hurts you've experienced and the specific needs that went unmet. Then find some ritual to symbolize letting go.\n\nForgiveness is easier said than done and is a process that takes time. Just keep in mind that you're worth the time and energy!\n\n\nRichard B. Patterson is a clinical psychologist in private practice in El Paso, TX. He is the author of three books on psychology and spirituality.\n\n\nPlease help support our SelfhelpMagazine mission\nso that we may continue serving you.\nChoose your\nsupport amount here:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8863533735275269}
{"content": "The Spanish shawl nudibranch (Flabellina iodinea) feeds on a species of hydroid called Eudendrium ramosum, which possesses a pigment called astaxanthin that gives the nudibranch its brilliant purple, orange, and red coloration. Nudibranchs (Opisthobranchs) (Oregon to Southeast Alaska) Click on the name of the Order to view the species within that category. Some species have direct development, and the shell is shed before the animal emerges from the egg mass.[14]. Favorinus)[34] or, on some occasions, are cannibals and prey on members of their own species. The species is colorful and get these colors through food. More than 4600 nudibranch papers were perused in an effort to find as much of the published food data as possible. \"Opisthobranchia (Mollusca, Gastropoda) more than just slimy slugs. Jennifer Kennedy, M.S., is an environmental educator specializing in marine life. There are more than 3000 known species. Gastropods also have a foot and all young gastropods undergo a process called ​​torsion in their larval stage. Some species will even prey on sea slugs and their eggs. [3] They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have been given colourful nicknames to match, such as \"clown,\" \"marigold,\" \"splendid,\" \"dancer,\" \"dragon,\"[4] or \"sea rabbit.\" Many also have a simple gut and a mouth with a radula. [10], Nudibranchs are benthic animals, found crawling over the substrate. Like some others of its kind, Glaucus does not digest the nematocysts; instead, it uses them to defend itself by passing them from its gut to the surface of its skin. With their limited vision, their sense of the world is obtained through their rhinophores (on top of the head) and oral tentacles (near the mouth). [31] After hatching, the infants look almost identical to their adult counterparts, albeit smaller. Some of their prey such as Portuguese man-of-wars have a specialized cell in their tentacles called nematocysts that contain a barbed or venomous coiled thread. [29] Mating usually takes a few minutes, and involves a dance-like courtship. If it finds a small victim, Glaucus simply envelops it with its capacious mouth, but if the prey is a larger siphonophore, the mollusc nibbles off its fishing tentacles, the ones carrying the most potent nematocysts. Aeolid nudibranchs can use their cerata for defense. Aeolid nudibranchs instead breathe with organs called cerata covering their backs. All taxa in this guide 180 taxa matching current filters They come in an astonishingly wide variety of colors and shapes—many have brightly colored stripes or spots and flamboyant appendages on their head and back. The sea slugs can see light and dark, but not their own brilliant coloration, so the colors are not intended to attract mates. The orange spotted nudibranch (Triopha catalinae). Many gastropods have a shell. The related group of sacoglossan sea slugs feed on algae and retain just the chloroplasts for their own photosynthetic use, a process known as kleptoplasty. Despite the unsavory or toxic taste they can present to their non-human predators, most nudibranchs are harmless to humans, except those like Glaucus atlanticus which consumes nematocytes and so may consider you a predator and sting. Taxa to include. [23] Some sponge-eating nudibranchs concentrate the chemical defences from their prey sponge in their bodies, rendering themselves distasteful to predators. A nudibranch is a mollusk (soft-bodied invertebrates) without a shell (when adult). They are carnivorous, so that prey includes sponges, coral, anemones, hydroids, barnacles, fish eggs, sea slugs, and other nudibranchs. [15] The eyes are set into the body, are about a quarter of a millimeter in diameter, and consist of a lens and five photoreceptors.[16]. [41] Since 2010, Opisthobranchia has been recognised as not a valid clade (it is paraphyletic) and instead Nudipleura has been placed as the first offshoot of Euthyneura (which is the dominant clade of gastropods). While most predators avoid this nudibranch based on its secretions, the kelp crab (Pugettia producta) is a rare exception. Author: (Rudman, 1986) Order: Nudibranchia Family: Chromodorididae Maximum Size: 90 mm Sightings: Sunshine Coast Ardeadoris rubroannulata (Rudman, 1986) A large nudibranch (up to 90 mm) of the Chromodorididae family, Ardeadoris rubroannulata is another species that seems to have a limited Coral Sea distribution only, being reported from New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and the east coast Nudibranchs are often casually called sea slugs, as they are a family of opistobranchs (sea slugs), within the phylum Mollusca (molluscs), but many sea slugs belong to several taxonomic groups which are not closely related to nudibranchs. Chromodoris westraliensis (3-5CM) With its orange pair of tentacles and a tuft of feathery gills, this species is easily recognisable and is endemic to Western Australia. All known nudibranchs are carnivorous. This survey started March 29 2003. They have rare or novel chemical compounds which possess anti-microbial and anti-parasitic traits which may aid in the fight against cancer. species. Nudibranchs are mollusks in the class Gastropoda, which includes snails, slugs, limpets, and sea hairs. Because the rhinophores stick out and can be a target for hungry fish, most nudibranchs have the ability to withdraw the rhinophores and hide them in a pocket in their skin if the nudibranch senses danger. Nudibranchs that feed on hydrozoids can store the hydrozoids' nematocysts (stinging cells) in the dorsal body wall, the cerata. The adult form is without a shell or operculum (in shelled gastropods, the operculum is a bony or horny plate that can cover the opening of the shell when the body is withdrawn). Because they can't move too far, too fast and are solitary in nature, it's important for them to be able to reproduce if the situation presents itself. 5 = encountered on almost every occasion, very common 4 = encountered frequently (over 50 … ; Nudibranch means naked gill, from the Latin words nudus and branchia. [46] They were thus divided into two major clades: However, according to the taxonomy by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), currently the most up-to-date system of classifying the gastropods, the Nudibranchia are a subclade within the clade of the Nudipleura. While this hooded nudibranch is the only Melibe in the Pacific Northwest, worldwide the genus is composed of more than a dozen accepted species. Nudibranchs are picky eaters—individual species or families of nudibranchs may eat only one kind of prey. Using citizen science to create a more specific, comprehensive Nudibranch species list for all the diving locations/sites around Australia Abstract. Nudibranchs are found in all the world's oceans, from cold water to warm water. [13], The body forms of nudibranchs vary a great deal, but because they are opisthobranchs, unlike most other gastropods, they are apparently bilaterally symmetrical externally (but not internally) because they have undergone secondary detorsion. [42], This classification was based on the work of Johannes Thiele (1931),[43] who built on the concepts of Henri Milne-Edwards (1848).[44]. Studies of nudibranch DNA also offer assistance in tracking ocean conditions relative to climate change. In the course of their evolution, nudibranchs have lost their shells, while developing alternative defence mechanisms. The Professor has kept these Tritonia alive in his room for a month, and during the whole period of their confinement they have continued to produce the sounds with very little diminution of their original intensity. Divers willing to investigate nooks and crannies can often spot species that have not yet been scientifically described. [9], Nudibranchs live at virtually all depths, from the intertidal zone to depths well over 700 m (2,300 ft). Nudibranchs lay masses of spiral-shaped or coiled eggs, which are for the most part left on their own. Dexiarchia nom. The cerata can be a variety of shapes—thread-like, club-shaped, clustered, or branched. Other nudibranchs, as seen especially well on chromodorids, have an intensely bright and contrasting colour pattern that makes them especially conspicuous in their surroundings. Another method of protection is the release of an acid from the skin. A representative sampling of species for each family are shown to give an example of the characteristics exhibited by that group. The following list of fact sheets contains information on hundreds of species of sea slugs from around the world. [37], Nudibranchs are commonly divided into two main kinds, dorid and aeolid (also spelled eolid) nudibranchs:[38][39], The exact systematics of nudibranchs are a topic of recent revision. The probable cause for this is the influence from the Furthermore, nudibranchs contain a mixture of sponge chemicals when they are in the presence of multiple food sources, as well as change defence chemicals with a concurrent change in diet. Nudibranchs have a shell in their larval stage, but it disappears in the adult form. [6][7][8] They are almost entirely restricted to salt water, although a few species are known to inhabit lower salinities in brackish water. This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 08:05. The closest known species to this one is Moridilla brockii, but Moridilla sp. [5] Currently, about 3,000 valid species of nudibranchs are known.[6]. Some species are transparent and/or bio-luminescent, like the Phylliroe. In this process, the entire top of their body twists 180 degrees on their foot. Onchidoris bilamellata),[36] and anemones (e.g. There are more than 3000 known species.. Nudibranchs are one of the groups which are informally known as sea slugs.This is a term which includes other Gastropod groups which look similar to nudibranchs. 111 likes. The unattractively named sea slug comes in a fantastic array of shapes and neon-bright colors that they themselves cannot see.\n2020 nudibranch species list", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.956939697265625}
{"content": "Question: How Did Seat Belts Become Mandatory?\n\nWhen did 3 point seat belts become mandatory?\n\n1968The first three-point seatbelt was sold in a Volvo PV544 in Sweden on August 13, 1959.\n\nIt took several years after that for the feature to catch on with automakers and the public, and the first U.S.\n\nfederal law mandating seatbelts wasn’t till 1968..\n\nAre seat belt laws unconstitutional?\n\nThe courts have consistently upheld the laws as constitutional, including the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 2001 sided with police who arrested a Texas woman in 1997 because she and her two children were not wearing seat belts. … Only New Hampshire does not require people older than 17 to wear seat belts.\n\nWhy did they stop automatic seat belts?\n\nAs McKinney said, airbags got in the way. Way back in the late 80’s / early 90’s, the government told auto manufacturers to either install side airbags, or auto seatbelts in their cars. Going the cheap route, they rolled out auto seatbelts. When side airbags became mandatory years later, they ditched the seatbelts.\n\nCan a passenger get a ticket for no seatbelt?\n\nThe same penalties apply to a passenger 16-years or older who fails to wear a seatbelt properly adjusted and fastened in a moving or stationary but not parked motor vehicle. The passenger will not incur demerit points but will face the same on-the-spot fine. (rule 265(2)(c) Road Rules 2014 (NSW)).\n\nDo seat belts really save lives?\n\nAmong drivers and front-seat passengers, seat belts reduce the risk of death by 45%, and cut the risk of serious injury by 50%. Seat belts prevent drivers and passengers from being ejected during a crash. … Seat belts save thousands of lives each year, and increasing use would save thousands more.\n\nWhy are seat belts required by law?\n\nSeat belt use reduces serious crash-related injuries and deaths by about half, and seat belt laws and enforcement strategies have been proven to increase seat belt use. … Primary enforcement seat belt laws allow law enforcement officers to stop vehicles if a driver or passenger is not wearing a seat belt.\n\nWho made seat belts mandatory?\n\nCome 1966, President Lyndon Johnson signed two bills requiring safety belts in all passenger vehicles.\n\nWhat year did cars come out with seat belts?\n\n1964Automotive safety reached a turning point in the 1964 model year. That was the year front-seat lap belts became standard equipment in passenger cars. Automakers had seen the writing on the wall – or, rather, on the books.\n\nHow can cops tell if you’re wearing a seatbelt?\n\nWear that seatbelt “Cops can tell if you’re not wearing your seat belt,” Hamburger says. “If they don’t see the strap above your left shoulder, you’re just asking to be pulled over. … One for speeding, and one for failing to wear a seat belt. In fact, don’t drive without a seat belt at all.\n\nWhat states have no seatbelt laws?\n\nNew Hampshire is the only state that has no enforceable laws for the wearing of seat belts in a vehicle.\n\nCan wearing a seatbelt kill you?\n\nWhen used correctly, wearing a seat belt reduces the risk of fatal injury to front seat passenger car occupants by 45%, and risk of moderate-to-critical injury by 50%. For those riding in the rear of vans and sport-utility vehicles (SUVs) during a car crash, rear seat belts are 73% better at preventing fatalities.\n\nWhat is the fine for not wearing a seatbelt in Michigan?\n\n$65Tickets for not wearing a seat belt in Michigan cost $65, but no points are assessed on a driver’s license. Michigan law requires drivers, front seat passengers and passengers 15 and younger in any seating position to be buckled up.\n\nWhen did seatbelts become mandatory in the US?\n\n1968It wasn’t until the late 1950s that an engineer at Volvo devised the three-point seat belt most of us are familiar with today. This new model secured the chest and hips with a single belt. These seatbelts became mandatory in all new United States vehicles in 1968.\n\nDo police wear seatbelts?\n\n\nWhat year car doesn’t need seat belts?\n\n1966Until 1966, cars were often made without seat belts. Many manufacturers offered seat belts as extras to the car. Therefore, if you own a classic car and no seat belts are fitted as standard, you have no legal obligation to have them fitted.\n\nAre seat belts mandatory in us?\n\nIn the United States, seat belt legislation varies by state. … In the front seat, the driver and each passenger must wear a seat belt, one person per belt. In some states, such as New York, New Hampshire, and Michigan, belts in the rear seats are not mandatory for people over the age of 16.\n\nDo cops have to buckle you up?\n\nIt is not illegal but it is against most police departments’ policies and procedures.\n\nHow much is a seatbelt ticket in NC?\n\nViolators of North Carolina’s seat belt law​ are fined $179 (or $263 if a passenger under age 15 is not properly restrained). That doesn’t include the potential cost of a lost life.\n\nDo all 50 states require seat belts?\n\nWith the exception of New Hampshire, all states and the District of Columbia require adult front-seat occupants to use seat belts. Adult rear-seat passengers also are covered by the laws in 31 states and the District of Columbia. … Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia have primary enforcement.\n\nWhat is the law on seat belts?\n\nAlthough it has been compulsory to wear seatbelts in New South Wales since 1971, each year on average there are about 30 drivers and passengers killed and 220 injured who were not wearing available seatbelts. Many of these deaths and injuries could have been prevented if seatbelts had been used.\n\nWho is exempt from wearing seat belts?\n\nThere is no legal requirement to wear a seat belt if you’re: a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing. driving a goods vehicle, on deliveries, that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops. a licensed taxi driver who is ‘plying for hire’ or carrying passengers.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9203614592552185}
{"content": "Philippine history with politics and governance in africa\n\nHistory philippine africa\n\nAdd: ysocewo99 - Date: 2020-12-29 08:38:23 - Views: 7764 - Clicks: 8443\n\n1st expedition after Magellan&39;s: 59. early method in preparing fish: 65. Politics and Governance in the Philippines 1.\n\nNelson said the country has fallen far behind other countries in Southeast Asia and East Asia in terms of economic development because of rampant corruption and political instability. One key difference between the Philippine and U. The politics of the Philippines take place in an organized framework of a presidential, representative, and democratic republic whereby the president is both the head of state and the head of government within a pluriform multi-party system. Chapter 4 starts the presentation of the governments of the Philippines during the Spanish colonization. Although we cannot discount all the good things the Americans did to improve the country’s system of education, the Spanish do deserve credit for their own contributions.\n\n1898 Establishment of Philippine Republic Independence declared J Dictatorial replaced by Revolutionary Government headed by Emilio Aguinaldo (J) Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish-American war The Philippines was under US sovereignty until. To evaluate how they know and understand the topic. Politics - denotes a social activity - is the creation,maintenance and amendment of social norms or rules. - First automated national elections in the Philippines. Thomasite teacher with Filipino students. 1902 - Philippine-American War formally ends as philippine history with politics and governance in africa US civil government replaces military rule. Philippine Politics and Governance: Challenges to Democratization and Development, 303 pages, both published in Quezon City, Philippines by the Department of Political Science, University of the. Philippine Politics and Governance Curriculum Guide introduces the students to the basic concepts and vital elements of politics and governance from a historical-institutional perspective.\n\nTo read about the background to these events, see History of the Philippines. GOVERNMENT • instrument for the purpose of governance • groups of people with authority to govern a country or state GOVERNANCE • exercise of political, economic and administrative authority to manage nation’s affairs • process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented 24. US Military Government US Insular Government Commonwealth of the Philippines Second Philippine Republic Third Republic of the Philippines Fourth Republic of the Philippines Fifth Republic of the Philippines; Established 900: Ap: Aug: Ma: Novem: J Janu: May philippine history with politics and governance in africa 6. Comparisons with the politics and governance of other Southeast Asian states will also be discussed. Objectives: 1.\n\n1990: The presidential election of May 1992, in which Aquino was not a candidate, was a seven-way race in which the winner, Fidel Ramos, received less than 24 percent of the overall vote. The role of the Philippine president in relation to his/her powers; The Legislative. Philippine Politics and Governance: An Introduction Teresa S. The evolution of Philippine politics, government, and governance; The Executive. Many of these customs and traditions, government and way of life, have come down to the present day, despite the changes brought about by westernization and modernization. Historical Background of Philippine Democratic Politics. Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index.\n\nYou and 14 other people drifted ashore to a small secluded island. To understand the basic concept of Political Science 2. All the governments, irrespective of political setup will likely to seize endangering crisis pass draconian laws, executive orders like curbing freedoms, partial/ total suspension of economic activities for limited periods. It has a total land area of 300,000. POLITICS, GOVERNANCE AND THE NEW PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION POLITICS & POLITICAL SCIENCE The use of “politics” and “political science” is interchangeable in common instances, but it seems, both terms are distinct from each. - Is an art and science of the government. While corruption continues to pervade in several Asian countries, the situation in the Philippines remains unique. 3 of the Philippine Constitution requires all educational institution to include the study of the constitution as part of the curicula in order to inculcate in every Filipino patriotism and nationalism and to teach rights and duties of citizenship among others.\n\nGovernance is essentially related to politics, in that politics is often defined as the art of governance. Chapter 2 discusses the geographic location of the Philippines. paid in cash or in kind: 67. Philippines, Filipinos had a civilization of their own. - Former President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder, philippine history with politics and governance in africa the first ever in the history of the Philippines. It is very easy to point to the politicians as the biggest problem. Man is by nature a political animal-Aristotle, Politics.\n\nRamos was a former army chief of staff and defense minister under Aquino; he was unpopular in some quarters because he had headed the agency charged with. Demonstrate a basic grasp of the issues of Philippine. Courts actively seek cases where the judges can and should creatively re-interpret the texts of the constitution and the laws in order to serve the judges&39; own considered estimates of the vital needs of contemporary society when the elected political branches of the federal government and/or the various state governments seem to be failing to meet these needs.\n\nPolitics and Governance with Philippine Constitution BSIT II. Morada Department of Political Science, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines, - Democracy - 588 pages. Expected learning outcomes At the end of the course, students will be able to: Knowledge a. Politics and Governance with Philippine Constitution BSIT II. Philippines - Philippines - Local government: Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, most people lived in small independent villages called barangays, each ruled by a local paramount ruler called a datu. It&39;s worthwhile to understand a little more about the.\n\nphilippine history with politics and governance in africa Chapter 3 chronicles the coming of the famous explorer, Ferdinand Magellan. The barangay was the Filipino&39;s earliest form of government. Chapter 1 delves with the concepts of history and political science. POLITICS GOVERNANCE PHILIPPINES BASIC POLITICAL CONCEPTS Public Administration and Social Communication Reported by: Ryan C. GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Overview: In February 1987, the Philippines adopted a new constitution that instituted the presidential-style republican form of democracy, which resembles the U.\n\nSome independence forces fight on until defeat of Moro resistance in south in 1913. To develop a critical way of thinking in interpretimg Politics and Government 3. 07 Philippine History with Politics, Date 07 Feb. Philippines - Philippines - The Philippines since c. model much more than the European parliamentary system. with philippine constitution Prepared by: Jo-an C. People in a democratic governance feel more annoyed than in military regimes, autocratic rulers. The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the.\n\nGovernance and Constitution Lesson Title The State as a political entity Lesson Target Identify important concepts in the creation of a state References Title Textbook on the New Philippine Constitution Politics in a Changing World: A Comparative introduction to Political Science Author De Leon, H. In particular, it attempts to explain how the important features of our country’s political structures/institutions, processes, and relationships developed. The Philippines is a country made up of over 7,000 islands in Southeast Asia, whose politics have their own unique features and characteristics. systems is that the Philippines is a unitary. During a horrific storm, the ship sank.\n\nPOLITICS AND GOVERNANCE WITH PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION AND PHILIPPINE HISTORY NOTES Nation is a group of people bound together by certain characteristics such as common social origin, language, customs, and traditions, and who believe that they are one and distinct from others. In particular, it attempts to explain how the important features of our country&39;s political structures/institutions, processes, and relationships developed across. 1 Lesson No. We Already Had An Excellent Public School System africa Before The Americans Came. official organ of the Katipunan: 63.\n\nThis is a timeline of Philippine history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Philippines and their predecessor states. Ineptitude, corruption, graft, nepotism, just to name a few of the qualities associated with politics in the Philippines. The role and. In the case of the Filipino people, they went through a lot of stages, both forceful and peaceful, in their quest for political maturity and independence. The Spanish later founded many small towns, which they called poblaciones, and from those centres roads or trails were built in four to six directions, like the spokes of a.\n\nThe role and responsibilities of the Philippine Senate and the House of Representatives; The Judiciary. Perhaps, politics is better understood as the “actual. This civilization partly came from the Malay settlers and partly from their response to the new environment.\n\nHow does politics differ from governance? The Philippine political system has been so designed that government officials are rewarded through the corrupt practices of bureaucrat capitalism for preserving and promoting the dominance for foreign monopoly capitalism and the exploiting classes and for betraying national sovereignty, auctioning off the national patrimony and for making. Article I - National Territory SECTION 1. 1 Philippine Geography, History, and Economy The Philippine archipelago is composed of about 7,100 islands and lies strategically within the arc of nations that sweeps southeastward from mainland Asia to philippine history with politics and governance in africa Australia.\n\nJust as politics talks about governments, institutions, power, order, and the ideals of justice, governance also deals with the public sector, power structures, equity, and ideals of public administration. Cite a specific example in the Philippine setting. introduced Christianity in the Philippines: 61. Analyze this: You went for a cruise on a ship one summer with philippine history with politics and governance in africa other students from different schools. Foreword-- Introduction by philippine history with politics and governance in africa Malaya C Ronas-- 1 Nation-State Formation in the Philippines by Raymund Jose G Quilop-- 2 Public Opinion and Democratic Governance by Felipe B Miranda-- 3 Electoral and Party Politics in Prewar Philippines by Jorge V Tigno-- 4 Electoral and Party Politics in the Postwar Period by Jorge V Tigno-- 5. governance, as well as the spaces for citizen participation such as elections and local governance.\n\nArticle XIV Sec. In his journal article, economist Robert H. - Benigno \"Noynoy\" Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III wins the Presidential elections and sworn in at Manila&39;s Rizal Park on J. Philippine Politics and Governance This course introduces the students to the basic concepts and vital elements of politics and governance from a historical-institutional perspective. Encarnacion Tadem, Noel M. the financial program of the national government for the designated calendar year: 68. study of significant events: 60.\n\nPhilippine National Hero: 58. None of the teachers or ship&39;s crew. The pre-colonial government of the Filipinos It is said that people deserve the kind of government they have.\n\nPhilippine history with politics and governance in africa\n\nemail: [email protected] - phone:(277) 613-9186 x 7779\n\nPts masada stock - Analyst investment\n\n-> Nokia nyse nasdaq join\n-> Moderna biotech stock\n\nPhilippine history with politics and governance in africa - Google price stock\n\nSitemap 9\n\nLeo tolstoy politics - Funny cartoon from home", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9969847798347473}
{"content": "Attack when I am offline\n\nLast night I was visited. Very strange, I have a tall building, opened from the top. Let’s presume the player entered from the opened top. Stole some items from a room, full of fighting thralls. The only question, how could he/she do that? No damage on my building, so I am sure the player managed somehow. Any idea?\n\nWithout knowing the exact layout of the room and the locations of all the items and guards, I can only hazard a guess that he cheezed the AI by standing on something or clinging to a wall where they couldn’t get to him, but was still just close enough to access your stash.\n\nFurthermore, one of my thrall is missing, and the event log does not mark.\n\nAll right, met the burglar. He said that the thralls didn’t attack him, because he came after raid time. Is it true? Thralls dont attack enemy players after/before raid time?\n\nCorrect, thralls only assist players during raid times.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.999850869178772}
{"content": "Performance Woes & Wows #5: IN vs UNION\n\nQuerying the Same Thing. Faster.\n\nIn a previous post, we’ve seen that equivalent queries can produce distinct execution plans – Yes, how nice and intuitive of you SQL Server. But this happens for a logical reason: The Query Optimizer hates you doesn’t have the means to explore every possible semantic equivalence. Hence, the shape of the execution plan will be intrisically bounded to the way we write our queries.\n\nIn this post, we’ll extend this notion to a more real-world like example, which I found very interesting because it seemed kind of counterintuitive to me.\n\n\nLet’s assume we want to count every Question, Wiki and TagWikiExerpt post, in the Posts table of the StackOverflow2010 database. In order to achieve that we can create the following index:\n\nCREATE INDEX IX_PostTypeId ON Posts (PostTypeId)\n\nAnd then execute this query:\n\nFROM Posts \nWHERE PostTypeId IN (1,3,4)\n\nWe can confirm that the execution plan is comprised by a scan to the previously created index and has an estimated cost of 3.27277. The IO statistics show 1915 logical reads and regarding CPU time and duration, 129ms and 123ms, respectively. These time statistics remained very identical on all the performed executions.\n\nthe Same Thing.\n\nNow let’s do the same thing, expecting different results. Well, almost the same thing. Let’s just change the previous query a little bit, by replacing the IN operator for this logical equivalent, but uglier and more complex version:\n\n\tSELECT COUNT(1) c FROM Posts WHERE PostTypeId = 1\n\tSELECT COUNT(1) c FROM Posts WHERE PostTypeId = 3\n\tSELECT COUNT(1) c FROM Posts WHERE PostTypeId = 4\n) x\n\nThese changes are reflected in the execution plan, as expected:\n\nI’m so ugly // But that’s okay, ‘cause so are you\n\n\nThe really interesting part about this plan is… That it’s better than the first one. Don’t believe me? Check for yourself:\n\nThis query only consumed 47ms of CPU time (-63.6%) and ran for a total of 76ms (-38.2%). The difference was not quite significant regarding logical reads, nevertheless a lower value was achieved with 1912. Accordingly, the estimated plan cost was also lower, 2.68443. Sure, some assumptions behind the cost calculation may be outdated and not entirely accurate, but this time, the prediction was entirely correct.\n\nSo What?\n\nRewriting queries using equivalent syntax seems like a valid approach when trying to improve query performance. Nevertheless, I don’t know any set of rules or even guidelines that may help in this decision process. It’s more like an empiric procedure, one day on the threshold of despair you try a thing that unexpectedly works and later in the future when a similar pattern emerges, you’ll know that the time has come. Why it works? Because of reasons. But if it works, it ain’t stupid. Best advice of the year.\n\nNot All Seeks Are Created Equal #2\n\nAs we saw in the previous post, Index Seek operations can look for single rows (Singleton Seek) or specific subsets of rows (Range Seek).\n\nSingleton Seek\n\nA Singleton Seek occurs when just one single row, at most, will satisfy the search requirements that are related to the Seek Key.\n\nThe IO statistics for the same execution presented above, will show a scan count of zero, also confirming the Singleton Seek occurrence.\n\nThe following image depicts a similar seek operation, as exemplified by the red arrows:\n\nIn this case, the B-tree is traversed from the root to the leaf node and the specific data page is fetched.\n\nRange Seek\n\nConversely, a Range Seek will occur when SQL Server assumes that more than one row can be retrieved by the Seek Key.\n\nThe following image depicts an equivalent seek operation, as exemplified by the red arrows:\n\nSimilarly to a Singleton Seek, the B-tree is also traversed to a specific leaf node, but in this case, this leaf node will be either the first or the last key within range (depending on the scan direction) and then the remaining leaf nodes within range limit will be scanned.\n\nAnd that’s all he wrote.\n\nNot All Seeks Are Created Equal #1\n\nSeeks seeks seeks… The number of the beast. Seeks are cool though. I like seeks. Sometimes, at least. Perhaps some seeks are cooler than others. I just said seeks six times, now we’re ready to go.\n\nLet’s begin by creating a temporary table that holds values from 1 to 10 000.\n\n\nWITH n(n) AS\n\n\nNow, let’s assume that we need to retrieve a specific range of values – e.g. between 500 and 563. There are a couple of ways to do that, that’s not exactly rocket science, but let’s consider the following two approaches:\n\nUsing the BETWEEN operator:\n\n\tId BETWEEN 500 AND 563\n\nUsing the IN operator:\n\n\tId in\n\nUh, truly fascinating.\n\nBut, behind these boring and functional equivalent queries, there is a dirty seekret – Wow, I’m on fire today. Both result in a Clustered Index Seek, but one is sus. Discuss!\n\nThat’s quite a difference. The second query results in 64 times more logical reads. But why?\n\nOne Seek To Rule Them All\n\nIn the execution plan of the query that uses the BETWEEN operator, it’s possible to notice that there’s only one seek operation, which range starts at 500 and then traverses the leaf level of the index, until it finds a row beyond the range limit – 563 in this case.\n\nThe Meeseeks Box\n\nThe seek #2, in the execution plan of the query that uses the IN operator is rather different:\n\nThe list continues down to a total of 64 individual seeks.\n\nThe underlying reason for the 128 logical reads is related to the size of our table and consequently, the size of the index. Since it is large enough to need a separate root page, each one of the 64 seeks will imply 2 logical reads.\n\nBut I digress, the bottom line here is that Seek #2 is the impostor. It is not actually a seek, but a whole bunch of them.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9444887638092041}
{"content": "different forms of marriage\n\nDisccusion  question for this week in Anthropolgy.\n\nScenario: Marriage\n\nTwo friends, taylor and alex are enjoying dessert after a show at the local arts threater. Taylor draws your attention to a verey cozy couple at a table in the corner. ” I wonder what show they wactched,” Taylor sasys with a smirk. You gasp and report that you know the woman she is your neighbor, but the man is not her husband. ” Maybe they’re in an open relationship,” Taylor remarks nonchalantly.\n\n\n-Explain how marraige is an expression of cultural norms and values.\n\n-Describe at least two different forms of marriage.\n\n-Apply the principles of cultural relativisim.\n\nfind the cost of your paper\n\nCase study Analysis( paper)- Prime Bank of Massachusetts\n\nAPA format is required. References should be listed immediately after the question that is being answered. Each question lists a minimum number of unique scholarly references; the textbook is considered one unique….\n\n“Letter from Birmingham Jail” was written by Martin Luther King Jr.\n\nOverview “Letter from Birmingham Jail” was written by Martin Luther King Jr., as the title indicates, while he was confined in the Birmingham city jail in April, 1963. King is….\n\nI need to write a medical report to academic advisor\n\nDear Sir or Madam, I need to write to my academic advisor a medical report ( Turki Alanazi came to our hospital after 14 days of his return from the….", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9961907267570496}
{"content": "• Coral WideKnot Headband\n\nCoral WideKnot Headband\n\n\nColour: Coral.\n\nFabric: 100% cotton jersey.\n\nMore: The WideKnot is wide style Headband with twisted knot, sewn into the centre.\n\nXS - Newborn - 0-6 mth\nS - Infant - 6-12 mth\nM - Toddler - 12-24 mth\nL - Adult - 3yrs +\nAll sizes are an approx.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000100135803223}
{"content": "Quick Answer: Why Do Babies Cry When You Pick Them Up From Daycare?\n\nWhy do babies cry when they see their parents?\n\nThe reality is, those tears are a testament to the fact that you’re one terrific mama.\n\nHere’s how it works: A baby who cries upon seeing Mommy (or Daddy) after a long separation is expressing his secure attachment to his parent..\n\nWhat age do babies get attached to mom?\n\nThe early signs that a secure attachment is forming are some of a parent’s greatest rewards: By 4 weeks, your baby will respond to your smile, perhaps with a facial expression or a movement. By 3 months, they will smile back at you. By 4 to 6 months, they will turn to you and expect you to respond when upset.\n\nShould you pick up your baby when they cry?\n\nIt’s absolutely fine to pick up your newborn baby when they cry. It helps your baby feel safe and know that you’re nearby. You can’t spoil a newborn. If your newborn is crying, it’s because they need you to comfort them.\n\nHow do you break a baby from being held while sleeping?\n\nTry swaddling him, to mimic the feeling of being held, and then putting him down. Stay with him and rock him, sing, or stroke his face or hand until he settles down.\n\nDo babies miss their mom?\n\nAbout Separation Anxiety Between 4-7 months of age, babies develop a sense of “object permanence.” They’re realizing that things and people exist even when they’re out of sight. Babies learn that when they can’t see mom or dad, that means they’ve gone away.\n\nWhy do babies cry when you pick them up?\n\nThe researchers, from the RIKEN Brain Science Institute, say that picking up and carrying might be an evolutionarily, and essential, component of mother-baby interaction. … Both human and mouse babies calm down and stop moving immediately after they are carried, and mouse pups stop emitting ultrasonic cries.\n\nHow long should I let my baby cry before picking him up?\n\nLikely the best known CIO method, Richard Ferber, MD, uses the graduated extinction model starting when baby is 6 months old. “Graduated” basically means that parents are encouraged to put baby to bed when they’re drowsy but still awake. Then, you’re to let your baby cry for 5 minutes before responding the first time.\n\nHow do I teach my baby to self soothe?\n\nMaster the timing. … Create a bedtime routine. … Offer a security object (if your child is old enough) … Create a calm, dark, cool environment to sleep in. … Establish regular sleeping times. … Consider moving away from feeding your baby to sleep. … Ensure all needs are met before your baby gets too tired.More items…\n\nAt what age should I start sleep training my baby?\n\nExperts recommend beginning sleep training when babies are 4 to 6 months old. This age range is the sweet spot, since babies are old enough to physically make it for six to eight hours overnight without needing to eat but aren’t quite at the point where the comforting you provide has become a sleep association.\n\nHow long can you let a baby cry for?\n\nMost pediatricians recommend 4 to 6 months of age. Allowing a baby to cry for more than an hour or two at night isn’t harmful, sleep experts say, though most babies won’t cry that long. If parents don’t intervene when an infant cries at night, sleep training can be accomplished in as little as three days.\n\nCan a baby forget his mother?\n\nA. No, it’s a normal concern, but don’t worry. Your baby’s not going to forget you. You should realize, though, that she will—and should—bond with other people.\n\nIs it OK to let newborn cry itself to sleep?\n\nMost experts and research agree that letting a baby or toddler cry as they go to sleep will not have any long-term damaging effects. A child who is well-loved, nurtured, and responded to during the day will not be hurt by fussing a bit before bed in the evening.\n\nHow do I teach my baby to self settle?\n\nPutting your baby to bed drowsy but awakeGive your baby some time to settle. Avoid picking up your baby up as soon as they grizzle. … As your baby gets older, give baby some time to settle if they grizzle when they wake during the night – baby might re-settle without your help. … Try the patting settling technique.\n\nHow do I teach my baby to fall asleep on his own?\n\nHow do I teach my baby to soothe herself to sleep?Put your baby to bed drowsy but awake. Putting her to bed while she’s still awake helps her practice falling asleep without you.Break the habit of feeding her to sleep. If your baby is used to falling asleep while breastfeeding or taking a bottle, she’s not learning to fall asleep by herself. … Do some troubleshooting.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8713698983192444}
{"content": "4 Heart | Expansive Rose and Bergamot\n\nDesigner: Nanaka\n\n- +\n\n\nWhen balanced, the heart chakra supports our sense of love and connection, gratitude and compassion. Use perfume on pulse points & repeat mantra as needed to heal emotions, promote forgiveness and empathy. \n\nNotes of heart expansive Rose and Bergamot\n\nMantra: Love is the answer to everything in life, and I give and receive love effortlessly and unconditionally\n\nUse: For optimal wear, massage desired amount onto your pulse points (wrist, back of the hand, each side of the neck).  \n\nIngredients: Helianthus annuus (sunflower) oil*, fragrance, vitamin e (tocopherol)\n\n\n8 ml/.27 fl. oz", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991625547409058}
{"content": "What makes a credible paper\n\nUse databases that aren't influenced by your previous web searches, for example: In principal, a measurement procedure that is stable or constant should produce the same or nearly the same results if the same individuals and conditions are used.\n\nIn academia, peer review is used to inform in decisions related to faculty advancement and tenure. Through audience analysis, you discover that nobody in the company wears a suit to work. Government peer review policies The European Union has been using peer review in the \"Open Method of Co-ordination\" of policies in the fields of active labour market policy since Does the source have a date.\n\nAs such, we can say that the measurement procedure is reliable. Primary sources must be factual not interpretive. Health care providers trust and use research published in credible, peer-reviewed scientific journals. Conclusion What makes a credible paper essay on education nursing english in my life essay guru as english literature poetry essay gcse, essay about accommodation yoga day write essay on my life elementary.\n\nThis error component within a measurement procedure will vary from one measurement to the next, increasing and decreasing the score for the variable. And he has quite the story about how he got there Calling for change after the Parkland shooting March 18, A group of survivors of the shooting at Stoneman Douglas High School who refer to themselves as the \"mass-shooting generation\" have made it their mission to bring about gun r The funding source is usually included in the journal article.\n\nSpeaker B has written two best-selling books in the field, and is a sought after consultant with 15 years of experience. When you see a report on television, in a magazine, or in a brochure, you must consider where this information came from, who provided the information, whether the source is credible, who did the study, and whether it is consistent with other research.\n\nThe Terms of Use explains the specific permissions granted. The budget airline flying under the radar April 15, Steve Kroft investigates Allegiant Air, a discount carrier known more for its ultra-low fares than its high record of in-flight breakdowns President Trump: Conversely, if everyone in your audience uses the term P.\n\nIf you have any questions about whether a journal is peer-reviewed, ask a librarian or your health care provider. The basic formats are as follows: However, depending where you speak, one of these terms will be more common. Your health cannot be described by a single number.\n\nQ. How do I know if a source is credible?\n\nPeer review requires a community of experts in a given and often narrowly defined field, who are qualified and able to perform reasonably impartial review. The audience sees you as one of them. If it was reproduced, was it done so with permission. If you fail to do so, your audience will judge you as being untrustworthy.\n\nGood design helps make information more easily accessible. You feature several vivid photographs of marathon races to complement your arguments. If you are unsure, ask your health care provider for credible Web sites.\n\nMingle with the audience and continue to share in the event experience.\n\nLibrary Guides\n\nWhat goes on my Works Cited page; how should it look. Personal stories, sometimes called \"anecdotal evidence,\" refer to individual experiences. If so, from where. You were the project manager for implementing the new system Reputation You have implemented similar systems twice before in your career Reputation Note: Each research study contributes to an existing body of knowledge.\n\nHow do I cite something inside my paper. Essay is an example of what Philosophy on love essay euthanasia Essay my birthday experience rainy day Essay tutor online volunteer to helen essay atlanta ga bus proposal essay structure.\n\nWhat makes a source of a research paper credible ?\n\nRemember that a Web site that makes up facts, quotes people who don't exist, and cites imaginary sources could look just as professional and slick as a highly reliable and credible. Can I find credible sources at my university's library?\n\nIn general, most of what you find through your university's library, whether it is a book, scholarly journal article, music recording, CD, DVD, e-book, etc.\n\nEvaluating Internet Information\n\nwill be a credible source. Part of the fact that they are considered so reliable may be the fact that they have worked hard to keep their editorial style more anonymous than other newspapers, so it seems more like the newspaper itself is speaking, instead of different personalities.\n\nReliable websites will differ for every topic you want to research. Please contact your Campus Librarian for help researching a specific topic.\n\nMost Reliable News Source? Depends Who You Ask\n\nTo find reliable websites: Visit the library's website for articles from reliable sources.; Explore the Research Guides to see recommended websites on each guide.; Use a Google Advanced Search to limit your results to michaelferrisjr.com (non-profit).edu.\n\nWebsite Evaluation Guide Example of a Website that is credible Author: This author is a journalist and has verifiable credentials Currency: This article provides a publishing date and it is current Citations & Links: News articles don’t usually have or require citations, but a good source.\n\nThey use only proven, reliable sources and make sure all papers are informative, interesting and splendid.\n\nC. Evaluating Sources\n\nOur best essay writing service is the only company of .\n\nWhat makes a credible paper\nRated 4/5 based on 12 review\nIs My Source Credible? - UMUC Library", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9835360050201416}
{"content": "Question: What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of A Convection Oven?\n\nCan you use aluminum foil in a convection oven?\n\nAnswer: The oven trays supplied with the Convection Steam Oven can be covered in aluminum foil.\n\nAluminum foil pans can be placed on the oven trays supplied, provided they do not touch the back wall of the oven.\n\nCooking with aluminum foil is safe as long as contact with the oven cavity is avoided..\n\nWhat is the best convection oven to buy?\n\nThe Best Convection OvenBreville BOV845BSS Smart Convection Oven. … Cuisinart TOB-260N1 Chef’s Convection Toaster Oven. … Toshiba EC042A5C-BS Microwave Oven With Convection Function. … BLACK+DECKER Countertop Convection Toaster Oven. … Oster Extra Large Digital Countertop Convection Oven. … Cuisinart CMW-200 Convection Microwave Oven.More items…•\n\nWhat is the time difference between convection oven and regular oven?\n\nConvection ovens cook food faster than conventional ovens. To cook in a convection oven, follow this easy formula: reduce the temperature by 25 degrees or reduce the cooking time by 25%. Some ovens today even offer convection conversion completely eliminating any guesswork!\n\nWhat are the advantages of a convection oven?\n\nConvection creates a dry atmosphere that caramelizes the sugars faster when roasting, so foods like meats and vegetables get browner, but the interiors stay moist. It saves energy: Because food cooks faster in a convection oven, and generally at a lower temperature, it’s a bit more energy efficient than a regular oven.\n\nIs a convection oven really worth it?\n\nOverall, the benefits outweigh the potential downsides: Food cooks up to 25% faster. Convection will use about 20% less energy than a traditional oven to do the same job, since you can turn down the temperature. Better results when it comes to browning roasts, making pizza, baking pies, and so much more.\n\nWhat is better convection or conventional oven?\n\nConsider a convection oven. Convection ovens are hotter and cook faster than conventional ovens. They also cook more evenly thanks to some simple additions to the appliance. All of this adds up to yummier baked goods, meats and more.\n\nWhat foods are best cooked in a convection oven?\n\nThese are the types of dishes that will have best results in a convection ovenRoasted meat.Roasted vegetables (including potatoes!)Sheet-pan dinners (try this chicken dinner)Casseroles.Multiple trays of cookies (no more rotating mid-way through the baking cycle)Granola and toasted nuts.\n\nDoes convection oven use more electricity?\n\nThe heated air is continuously circulated which reduces cook times as well as the temperatures required. On average you’ll use 20% less energy a month running your convection oven, as compared to a standard oven. Self-cleaning ovens are more energy efficient because they have better insulation.\n\nWhat is the difference between baking and roasting in a convection oven?\n\nIn food language, roast and bake really aren’t different. … “Convect bake uses the convection element for heat and the fan to provide air circulation. Convect roast uses the fan, but in addition to the convection element, it will cycle on the bake and broil elements as needed to control the heat.\n\nWhen should you not use a convection oven?\n\nIn American baked goods, convection should never be used unless a recipe specifically calls for it. In a home oven, the hot, dry air accelerates crust formation in cakes, cookies, and biscuits which is generally counterproductive to desired rise.\n\nCan a convection oven be used as a regular oven?\n\nAs far as the actual physical oven itself, it may surprise you to learn that a conventional oven and a convection oven are almost the same. As a matter of fact, convection ovens are almost exactly the same as regular ovens, just with an extra feature.\n\nCan you cook pizza in a convection oven?\n\nPreheat the convection oven to the highest setting, typically 450 to 500 degrees Fahrenheit. Ideally, place a pizza stone or baking tray inside while preheating, to crisp the crust from beneath. … Transfer the stone to the bottom rack of the oven, using a wooden pizza paddle if available, and bake for 8 to 10 minutes.\n\nHow do I know if my convection oven is working?\n\nIf you want to double check it is your convection oven fan that’s not working, turn on your oven and wait for a little while. The convection oven fan will not start up right away and will only start whirling once the oven has reached the desired temperature.\n\nCan I bake a cake in a convection oven?\n\nConvection ovens can make your cakes fluffier and slightly larger, and can bake several cakes at one time. Convection cooking also ensures that your cakes are evenly baked, regardless of their position in the oven. Preheat your convection oven. … Check the cake for doneness about 10 minutes before the recipe suggests.\n\nCan you cook brownies in a convection oven?\n\nBaking brownies in a convection oven is very similar to baking brownies in a standard oven. … Heat the brownies to 300 degrees instead of 325 since the convection process is more energy efficient than the standard method.\n\nWhat temperature is 350 degrees in a convection oven?\n\nMethod 1: Reduce temp by 25 to 30 degrees and bake per conventional recipe timeConventional Oven TempConvection Less 25FConvection Less 30F32530029535032532037535034540037537010 more rows•May 31, 2020\n\nWhat are the cons of a convection oven?\n\nCons of Convection Ovens:Some fans can be louder than a traditional oven.They’re more expensive than traditional ovens.The fan can sometimes blow around foil or parchment paper, interfering with your food.Food is more susceptible to burn if the cooking time is not properly adjusted.Baked goods may not rise properly.\n\nDo I need an air fryer if I have a convection oven?\n\nIf you already own an oven, especially one with convection, you won’t be blown away by an air fryer’s performance. If you’re a fan of breaded, frozen foods, having an air fryer around saves time and energy compared with a convection oven and cooks them nearly as well.\n\nDo you Preheat a convection oven?\n\nYes, all convection ovens need to be preheated. In some modes, more than one element is used during preheat, which can cause the food to burn. The oven will indicate when it has finished a preheat cycle. You should always start with a hot oven or a hot pan.\n\nWhat can you not cook in a convection oven?\n\n5 Tips for Baking with the Convection SettingLower the temperature by 25°F. … Check food frequently toward the end of cooking. … Don’t crowd the oven. … Use low-sided baking sheets and roasting pans. … Don’t use convection for cooking cakes, quick breads, custards, or soufflés.\n\nAre convection ovens dangerous?\n\nA convection oven is merely a conventional oven that moves hot air around with a fan for more efficient cooking, and a well made microwave oven is not dangerous. All it does is heat up your food, and it doesn’t change it in any way that would make it carcinogenic.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.991954505443573}
{"content": "Biography of Adolf Hitler\n\n4417 Words18 Pages\nAdolf Hitler\n\n\nHitler, Adolf (1889-1945), German political and military leader and one of the 20th century's most powerful rulers. Hitler converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched World War II in 1939. He made anti-Jewish culture a top priority of his lies and policies and built the Nazi Party into a mass movement. He hoped to conquer the entire world, and for a time dominated most of Europe and much of North Africa. He founded sterilization and euthanasia measures to enforce his idea of racial purity among German people and caused the deaths of millions of Jews, Roma (Gypsies), Slavic people, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior.\n\nEarly Years\n\nAdolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, in 1889. Hitler had a comfortable childhood. His grades at school were above average and it was decided that he would attend a secondary school that prepared students for further studies and emphasized modern languages and technical subjects, at the school which was called a Realschule. However, Hitler and his father strongly differed over his career plans. His father wanted him to enter the public service. Hitler insisted on becoming an artist. So Hitler did poorly in Realschule, having to repeat the first year and improving very little from then on.\n\nDuring this time, Hitler began to form his political views: a strong sense of German nationalism, the beginnings of anti-Jewish culture. Like many German-speaking citizens of Austria-Hungary, Hitler considered himself first and a pure German.\n\nThe death of Hitler?s father in January 1903 changed everything. The family income was adequate to support Hitler, his mother, and his sister, but the absence of a dominant father figure alte...\n\n... middle of paper ...\n\n... of Europe, the war hastened the end of colonial empires and the emergence of the new Jewish state of Israel. It also brought about the creation of new international organizations like the United Nations that might prevent such wars in the future.\n\nIronically, these developments were the exact opposite of what Hitler had hoped for. His ambition to make Berlin the capital of the world was not realized, and the enormous buildings he started designing for it in the 1920s were never built. Hitler combined organizational and manipulative talents with great cunning. He was simultaneously obsessed with fantastic visions and blinded to reality by those very visions. However, many Germans shared at least a portion of those visions. This support made it possible for Hitler to use the resources of Europe's second largest population and most advanced economy to pursue his dreams.\n\nMore about Biography of Adolf Hitler\n\nOpen Document", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7344015836715698}
{"content": "Integrating accounting standards with the world\n\nrich text with image\n\n\"In absolute terms, manufacturing sector is the worst hit, with an average adverse impact of 11 per cent on their net profit. Within the manufacturing sector, the impact on iron and steel companies forms approximately 75 per cent of the total impact.\"\n\nSiddharth Talwar\nPartner, Grant Thornton India LLP\n\nThis article apeared in Business Standard on 12th October, 2016.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9949902892112732}
{"content": "In vivo antibodies\n\nIn vitro vs. in vivo\n\nAt the beginning a central question arises: What does \"in vitro\" and \"in vivo\" actually mean?\n\nBoth terms originate from Latin. In vitro means 'within the glass' (lat. vitrum). In biology and chemistry one thinks directly of a test tube and this is exactly what is meant.\n\nAn in vitro experiment is carried out outside a living organism.\n\nThe term \"in vivo\", however, is the exact opposite. It means that something happens inside a living being (lat. vivum = life). Accordingly, in vivo experiments are carried out within a living organism.\n\nIn most cases, in vivo experiments are carried out following newly gained in vitro knowledge. This is due to the complexity of living organisms, which puts the in vitro observations obtained under controlled, well-defined circumstances to the test.\n\nThe best known applications for in vitro applications are in vitro fertilization (IVF), in which an artificial fertilization of an egg cell with sperm is performed, and in vitro diagnostics (IVD). The latter involves the examination of human samples within a laboratory for the purpose of diagnosing abnormalities or even diseases using products known as diagnostic agents.\n\n\nIn vivo antibody production\n\nFor the in vivo production of monoclonal antibodies, an adjuvant is first injected into the abdominal cavity of the mouse. Such an injection leads to an irritation of the peritoneum. The resulting accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity is called ascites.\n\nIn addition, additional fluid is secreted into the animal's peritoneal cavity, which promotes the growth of ascites.\n\nOnce this first step is completed, another injection into the abdominal cavity follows. Here, a concentrated hybridoma cell suspension corresponding to the desired monoclonal antibody is used.\n\nThe hybridoma cells now adapt to the new environment, start to grow and there is a continuous secretion of monoclonal antibodies into the ascites fluid within the peritoneal cavity.\n\nFinally, the ascite fluid can be removed. In most cases, this is followed by purification of the antibodies on Protein A or G columns.\n\nAn advantage of this method is the low cost compared to common in vitro methods.\n\nA disadvantage, however, are the components of the ascites fluid. The ascites fluid may contain proteolytic enzymes, which can damage the monoclonal antibodies produced, and endogenous antibodies, which lead to a decrease in antibody specificity after the purification step.\n\nHowever, the production of monoclonal antibodies that can be used in vivo can also take place free from the use of animals in so-called bioreactors.\n\nThis allows the cultivation of the corresponding hybridoma cells over a longer period of time. This is due to the ability of the bioreactor to administer fresh cell culture medium and to remove used medium at the same time. The harvesting of the final antibody and its purification can also be done automatically by a bioreactor.\n\nHowever, the creation and maintenance of a suitable environment within a bioreactor is linked to numerous parameters, which must be set with high precision.\n\nOn the one hand, temperature, gas throughput and stirring speed are the three most important physical parameters. The chemical parameters include dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, pH, osmolality, redox potential and numerous metabolite levels.\n\nOn the other hand the biological parameters are of great importance. They include the concentration of living cells and the general viability of the cells. Additionally, intracellular - and extracellular parameters are measured.\n\n\nIn vivo antibody purity\n\nLow endotoxin level\n\nPerhaps the most important question before using an antibody in vivo is its purity or endotoxin content.\n\nThe outer cell membrane of certain bacteria consists of chemical compounds called endotoxins. The origin of the word is in ancient Greek and roughly means \"toxic substance inside\".\n\nEndotoxins are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) which can be divided into a lipophilic lipid and a hydrophilic polysaccharide part. They gain their significance for the in vivo use of antibodies through their activation of cellular signaling pathways which, in addition to inflammatory reactions, can even have an apoptotic effect on cells. Endotoxins can also have a negative influence on the correct performance and evaluation of cell-based assays.\n\nThe detection of endotoxins is performed by means of the amebocyte lysate of horseshoe crabs, the so-called LAL test. The measured endotoxin units are subsequently stated per milliliter (EU/mL).\n\n\nIn addition to endotoxins, azides also play an important role in in vivo experiments. Azides, which belong to the pseudohalides, have drastic effects on cellular processes. Their irreversible inhibition of the respiratory chain enzyme cytochrome C oxidase, the terminal electron acceptor within the respiratory chain, is of particular importance.\n\n\nThe absence of carrier proteins, transmembrane proteins with important function in the passive transport of substrates, is also ensured prior to the sale of antibodies for in vivo use.\n\n\nIn vivo antibody application\n\nT-cell depletion using in vivo antibodies\n\nT-cell depletion describes the removal or lowering of specific T-cells and can reduce the risk of a graft-versus-host response.\n\nNeutralization using in vivo antibodies\n\nEspecially in view of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the search for neutralizing antibodies is a central part of research. Neutralization is achieved by binding the antibody to a specific antigen. This antigen may, for example, be located on the virus surface and be responsible for virus entry into the cell or its binding to cellular receptors. The antibody-antigen binding thus creates a physical barrier and prevents the virus from interacting with the cell.\n\nFrequently asked questions about in vivo antibody neutralization\n\nWhat is neutralization in immunology?\n\nThe binding of an antibody to a pathogen and the resulting (physically) prevented infection of a cell is called neutralization in immunology.\n\nDo antibodies carry out neutralization?\n\nOnly few antibodies are able to neutralize invading pathogens. Neutralization depends on the specific binding site of the antibody.\n\nHow do antibodies neutralize antigens?\n\nAntibodies can neutralize antigens by binding to sites that are particularly important for pathogen infection.\n\nWhat is a virus neutralization test?\n\nA virus neutralization test demonstrates the ability of a specific antibody to physically prevent the interaction between a viral surface protein and a cellular receptor by binding to it.\n\n\nIn vivo imaging using antibodies\n\nIn addition to their therapeutic use, in vivo antibodies are becoming more and more popular for their use in non-invasive in vivo imaging and thus for in vivo diagnostics.\n\nThis allows research on diseases to be conducted in the in vivo model, enabling even better analysis and investigation of biomarkers on cell surfaces, therapy-influenced signaling pathways, metastatic cancer or general immune responses.\n\nNon-invasive in vivo imaging using specific antibodies can thus enable the visualization of specific biomarkers within an entire organism.\n\nIn the long term, it can be further complemented by X-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound, as the latter is limited to the patient's anatomy and physiology. Furthermore, this new method offers great hope of further improving targeted therapies through molecular observations.\n\n\nTherapeutic antibodies\n\nIf a monoclonal antibody is used to fight a disease, it is called a therapeutic antibody. Especially in the fight against cancer, antibodies that bind to the immune checkpoints of T-cells help. In this process, also known as immune checkpoint therapy, the antibody blocks the interaction of cancer cells with the immune checkpoints on the surface of the T-cell membrane.\n\nAs a result, the cancer cell cannot escape the immune response and attack by the T-cell (immune evasion). In this case, the cancer cell would normally use the activation of these immune checkpoints, which are originally intended to cause an overfunction of immune cells by suppressing the immune system.\n\nThe naming of such therapeutic antibodies follows a fixed scheme: antibodies generated in the mouse always end in -omab. The first of its kind was Muromonab-CD3 in 1986. Since the current WHO nomenclature was not yet active at the time of its development, its name does not follow the now valid guidelines. However, the use of monoclonal antibodies of murine origin has a major disadvantage, as they are often recognized as \"foreign\" by the patient's own immune system, which initiates a defense reaction. Therefore, the newer therapeutic antibodies are antibodies of exclusively human origin (ending in -umab).\n\n\nTwo further examples of the mode of action of therapeutic antibodies\n\nBlocking of certain overexpressed receptors\n\nFor a cancer cell to grow indefinitely, it must receive appropriate growth signals. In order for this to happen, it produces, for example, a particularly high proportion of HER2 receptors compared to other cells. This receptor is responsible for such a growth and division signal. However, the binding of an anti-HER2 antibody blocks its action and thus prevents further growth of the cancer cell.\n\nBlocking angiogenesis\n\nThe formation of new blood vessels to supply oxygen to tissues is called angiogenesis. When a tumor reaches a certain size, the lack of oxygen makes it necessary to stimulate the formation of new blood vessels by means of messenger substances. If this process is blocked, the oxygen supply to the tumor is cut off.\n\n\nTherapeutic antibodies by gene transfer\n\nOne of the latest approaches to make the production of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes even more efficient is their production within the patient himself. This method is called in vivo gene transfer. Such an introduction of the genetic sequence for the production of the antibody can be done by means of special viruses (adenoviruses). This method uses the ability of the viruses to integrate their own genetic material into the host cell.\n\nNevertheless, this new approach is affected by side effects such as germ line transfer, the development of cancer or unwanted reactions of the immune system to the virus infection.\n\nA non-viral approach involves the use of plasmids that can be transfected into muscle tissue. However, their disadvantage is the low expression level of the encoded protein.\n\nThe process of transfer is one of the most central approaches of modern science. Especially the support of non-viral gene transfer by electroporation seems to be very promising. Parts of the tissue membrane are made permeable to the plasmids used by means of electrical voltage pulses, which can lead to a 10-100 times higher efficiency of the gene transfer.\n\n\n\nBiopharmaceuticals are biological drugs. Their active ingredients are produced within living cells. This is in contrast to chemical drugs, whose active ingredients are produced synthetically.\n\nIf the patent of a biopharmaceutical expires, other manufacturers can copy this product. However, the original active ingredient is not used. As a result, the approval of a biosimilar is a complex process and its monitoring measures are critical.\n\nAlthough biosimilars do not differ from the original biologics in their clinical effect, the former show significant differences such as a changed glycosylation pattern. However, the amino acid sequence of the biosimilars is identical to their original.\n\nFour characteristics distinguish a biosimilar:\n\n  1. Marketing begins after the original patent expires\n  2. Significantly lower selling price than the original\n  3. Despite biological variation especially similar to the origina\n  4. The effect, quality and safety are almost identical to the original\n\nThe imitation products of a therapeutic protein, known as biosimilars, despite their proximity to the original drug, require their own investigations and tests regarding their efficacy and safety.\n\nIn the field of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, numerous biosimilars for adalimumab, bevacizumab, infliximab, rituximab and trastuzumab have been successfully launched in recent years.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9196181893348694}
{"content": "#1 humor site on the 'net\n\nGhetto Boat\n\nDeShawn likes to cruise the slum in heavy rain\n\nGhetto Boat thanks to Darien Hatcher\n\nTurn your car into a recreational amphibious vehicle\n\nWater rusts pipes. - WC Fields\n\nSave water - drink vodka. - Unknown\n\nOut of water, I am nothing. - Duke Kahanamoku\n\nHard Water: The scientific name for ice - Daffynitions joe-ks.com\n\nIn the ant's house, the dew is a flood. - Danish Proverb\n\nWater, taken in moderation, cannot hurt anybody. - Mark Twain\n\nA mixture of brandy and water spoils two good things. - Charles Lamb\n\nI drank some boiling water because I wanted to whistle. - Mitch Hedberg\n\nHe hits from both sides of the plate. He's amphibious. - Yogi Berra\n\nYou can't cross the sea merely by staring at the water. - Rabindranath Tagore\n\nMy fake plants died because I did not pretend to water them. - Mitch Hedberg\n\nI ran a 100-mile marathon, and I was powered by coconut water. - Jesse Itzler\n\nYou can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him float. - Unknown\n\nWashable: What a cowboy does, very carefully, with soap and water - Daffynitions joe-ks.com\n\nWater, air, and cleanliness are the chief articles in my pharmacy. - Napoleon Bonaparte\n\nYou can't trust water: Even a straight stick turns crooked in it. - WC Fields\n\nShells sink,\nDreams float,\nLife's good\nOn our boat. - Jimmy Buffet\n\nI met my wife on a ferry boat, and when we landed she gave me the slip. - Groucho Marx\n\nMy wife's an earth sign. I'm a water sign. Together we make mud. - Henny Youngman\n\nGardening requires lots of water, most of it in the form of perspiration. - Lou Erickson\n\nIf you have a boat and a happy marriage, you don't need another thing. - Ed McMahon\n\nWe may have all come on different ships, but we're in the same boat now. - Martin Luther King Jr.\n\nYou don't drown by falling into water. You only drown if you stay there. - Zig Ziglar\n\nLife is like stepping onto a boat which is about to sail out to sea and sink. - Shunryi Suzuki-roshi\n\nYou can lead a horse to water but I'd rather ride it to the liquor store. - Wayne Nowazek\n\nIn wine there is wisdom, in beer there is freedom, in water there is bacteria. - Ben Franklin\n\nDon't be a fish; be a frog. Swim in the water and jump when you hit ground. - Kim Young-ha\n\nYou can lead a herring to water, but you have to walk really fast or he'll die. - Rose\n\nOnce, during Prohibition, I was forced to live for days on nothing but food and water. - WC Fields\n\nWhen ya go out there in the water and ya start crossing your longirudes and lassitudes. - Archie Bunker\n\nA woman is like a tea bag; you never know how strong it is until it's in hot water. - Eleanor Roosevelt\n\n\n\nIf NASA really wants to find water on Mars, they should just send me there to hit a golf ball. - Gene Jaster\n\nLike the old adverb, \"you can lead a gift horse to the water but ya can't look in his mouth.\" - Archie Bunker\n\nGold and diamonds are nice, but clean, crisp, controlled water has long been the preeminent hallmark of the rich. - Anthony Doerr\n\n\nReminds me of my safari in Africa. Somebody forgot the corkscrew and for several days we had to live on nothing but food and water. - WC Fields\n\nMemory is a net: one finds it full of fish when he takes it from the brook, but a dozen miles of water have run through it without sticking. - Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.\n\nAdvice from a tree:\n- Stand tall and proud\n- Go out on a limb\n- Remember your roots\n- Drink plenty of water\n- Enjoy the view - Unknown\n\nKeyboard Seating\n\nBent Over\n\nWhatchamacallit Car\n\n2021 Hooters Owl and Birds of Prey Calendars\n\nGone To Market\n\nPeak Bernie\n\nFemale IT Experts\n\nObi-Juan Kenobi\n\nFuse ReplaceMeant\n\nStudent Food Strainer\n\n\n\nLizard Guitar\n\nElectricity Storage\n\nHow To Sharpen Pencils\n\n\nFree Stuff\n\nBaby Bird Chorus\n\nHang On\n\nHome Depot Delivery\n\nSea Painting\n\nRadish Camouflage\n\nCanadian Twins\n\nBig Birth - They Start Off Big At This Hospital", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.990449845790863}
{"content": "Descargas gratuitas de libros de audio para iPod Second Nature: Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals iBook 9781560983972\n\nSecond Nature: Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals\n\nSecond Nature: Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals\n\nby Dj Shepherdson, J. Shepherdson David, D. Mellen Et Al Jill\n\nEditorial: Smithsonian Institution Press\nISBN: 9781560983972\nNúmero de páginas: 376\nFormatos: pdf, ePub, mobi, fb2\nTamaño de archivo: 10 Mb\nFecha de publicación: 2021-01-23\n\n\nGrowing recognition of the complexity of animals' physical, social, and psychological lives in the wild has led both zookeepers and the zoo-going public to call for higher environmental standards for animals in captivity. Bringing together the work of animal behaviorists, zoo biologists, and psychologists, Second Nature explores a range of innovative strategies for environmental enrichment in laboratories and marine parks, as well as in zoos. From artificial fleeing-prey devices for leopards to irregular feeding schedules for whales, the practices discussed have resulted in healthier, more relaxed animals that can breed more easily and can exert some control over their environments. Moving beyond the usual studies of primates to consider the requirements of animals as diverse as reptiles, amphibians, marine mammals, small cats, hooved grazers, and bears, contributors argue that whether an animal forages in the wild or plays computer games in captivity, the satisfaction its activity provides—rather than the activity itself—determines the animal's level of physical and psychological well-being. Second Nature also discusses the ways in which environmental enrichment can help zoo-bred animals develop the stamina and adaptability for survival in the wild, and how it can produce healthier lab animals that yield more valid test results. Providing a theoretical framework for the science of environmental enrichment in a variety of settings, the book renews and extends a humane approach to the keeping and conservation of animals.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8149716854095459}
{"content": "Feeding Dogs for Stronger Bones\n\nBesides proving energy for basic metabolic functions and movement, food can help support (or hinder) the body’s ability to maintain a strong muscular-skeletal structure, support organ health, enhance the immune systems, and basically ensure that the body is running on “all cylinders”. Active dogs (and humans) require high level function and overall strength with regard to their bones, muscles, joints, lungs, and digestion in order to deal with the physical stress of being active. Each of these areas can benefit from specific micronutrients so it is important to understand how a dog’s diet can impact the overall function of their body. Today, we will focus on the nutrients that are needed to support strong and healthy bones.\n\nWhat are Bones Made of?\n\nBone tissue is comprised of a mixture of minerals (for structure and hardness) deposited around a protein matrix (i.e. collagen) for flexibility. It is a bone’s flexibility that allows it to bend slightly but not break under most normal levels of stress.\n\nAccording to the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University, about sixty-five percent of bone tissue is made of mineral. The major minerals found in bone are calcium and phosphorus. Magnesium, sodium, and potassium are also present in various degrees. The remaining 35% of bone tissue is an organic protein matrix, almost 95% of which is type I collagen. Collagen fibers twist around each other and provide the interior scaffolding that supports the layers of bone minerals to form the bone.\n\nMinerals that Support Bone Strength\n\nThe primary minerals that are key to bone health include calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Each of these minerals need to be available to the body as part of the bone regeneration process. They all provide additional health benefits as well.\n\nCalcium. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and serves many functions to support overall health. Calcium is the building block for bone growth and regeneration. Calcium also helps the body contract its muscles, supports proper nerve transmission, and blood coagulation (clotting), among other things.\n\nIf a dog’s diet is calcium deficient, their body will use calcium from the bones to ensure normal cell function, which can lead to weakened bones. Calcium deficiency can also lead to nervous system problems such as irritability, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping.\n\nIt is important to note that overloading a body with calcium can cause symptoms similar to calcium deficiency. The interaction between calcium and phosphorous is critical and there needs to be a balance between these two minerals in the diet. Somewhere around 2 to 2.5 times calcium to 1 times phosphorous is considered optimal for dogs. The upshot? Don’t blindly use calcium supplements without considering the overall diet and balance of other minerals.\n\nFoods high in calcium and that are included in some dog food formulas include sardines and salmon, green leafy vegetables including kale, dandelion greens, and broccoli, as well as nuts and seeds, including almonds and pumpkin seeds.\n\nMagnesium. Magnesium helps the body absorb and retain calcium, which helps support bone health. It also helps the body to convert calcium in the blood into usable form for muscle and nerve function, as well as to generally support the central nervous system and cardiovascular health. Magnesium deficiency can lead to weakened bones, nervous system issues including anxiety and irritability, a lowered level of stamina, and an overall lower resistance to stress. A 1988 study showed that magnesium deficiency was shown to raise the aggression levels in mice.\n\nFoods high in magnesium and that are included in some dog food formulas include vegetables like spinach, squash, and green beans, seafood, flax, and nuts.\n\nPhosphorus. Phosphorus supports healthy bones, directly aids in calcium metabolism, and supports the nervous system. It also aids in cellular repair and improved digestion. Phosphorous deficiency can lead to weakened bones and joint pain, as well as autonomic nervous system issues leading to drooling, watery eyes and nose. Lack of adequate phosphorous can also lower the metabolism and reduce stamina.\n\nFoods high in phosphorus and that are included in some dog food formulas include salmon and other fish, meats including pork and beef, and seeds including flax, pumpkin, and squash seeds.\n\nPersonalize your pet’s daily meals.\n\nFeed the right amount each day with the SmartFeeder and SmartDelivery.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6537914276123047}
{"content": "EUR/CHF price and rate analysis\n\n--- Advertisement ---\n76.4% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider.\nChart provided by Tradingview\n\nBefore you start trading currencies in  Forex market, you need to understand how the price of currency pairs such as EUR/CHF is calculated using what is known as rate analysis. These key rates or currency interest rates have a very strong influence on the development of exchange rates and should be taken into account when calculating your strategies and analyses.  \n\nElements that can influence the price of this asset:\n\nAnalysis N°1\n\nThe monetary policies of the European Central Bank and the Swiss National Bank and the difference between them is of course one of the most influential factors in the development of the exchange rate of these two currencies in relation to each other.\n\nAnalysis N°2\n\nAnother important thing to watch out for if you trade the EUR/CHF is market concerns about the future of the Eurozone and the European Union. We will therefore follow all news on economic policy and growth in these economic zones.\n\nAnalysis N°3\n\nThe Swiss Franc is strongly influenced by the relations between Switzerland and the European Union, which sometimes lead to very high volatility on this currency cross.\n\nAnalysis N°4\n\nFinally, the macroeconomic figures regularly published by these two currency areas can also help to define a medium and long-term trend.\n\n--- Advertisement ---\nTrade the EUR/CHF!\n\nPresentation of the currency pair EUR/CHF :\n\nThe currency cross EUR/CHF represents the parity Euro/Swiss Franc. It is therefore the quotation of the Euro against the Swiss Franc. The price of this cross corresponds to the value of one Euro expressed in Swiss Francs.\n\nAlthough the EUR/CHF is not one of the most popular currency pairs in Forex, it still ranks ninth in the most traded currency pair rankings, just after the EUR/JPY or Euro/Yen. The annual trading volume for the EUR/CHF cross is around 2% of all currency market transactions.\n\nThe EUR/CHF currency pair is quoted as a number with 4 decimal places, although some brokers sometimes display it with 5 decimal places. Its price is a floating rate, which means that it is subject to the law of supply and demand in the interbank foreign exchange market.\n\n\nIntroduction and listing of the EUR/CHF pair:\n\nOne of the specificities of this currency pair is its high volatility. Indeed, its average volatility observed over the last few years has been 90 pips, which is quite rare on a Forex currency pair.\n\nThis volatility is largely due to the fact that the EUR/CHF currency pair is a trend pair. This clearly means that trends in the currency pair usually show long upward and downward movements.\n\nLast but not least, the last but not least asset of the EUR/CHF cross is the Swiss Franc, which has long been considered a safe haven because of Switzerland's financial strength, which is renowned for its banks. As a result, when global economic markets are at a low ebb and the general climate is pessimistic, the Swiss franc sells very well.\n\n\nFactors to be taken into account\n\nWe have just seen together that several major factors such as the interest rate policy of the ECB or the European economic policy have a direct and major influence on the price of the EUR/CHF currency pair. But you must also take into account other influential factors that also have a more or less important impact on the evolution of this value. Here are the other elements to be included in your analysis:\n\n\nVariations in the EUR/CHF according to European policy and its evolution :\n\nOne of the most influential and therefore most useful elements if you are considering trading the EUR/CHF currency pair is European politics. This is particularly useful if you are adopting a medium to short term investment strategy.\n\nWe will therefore focus in particular on the concerns that investors may have regarding the euro zone and the European Union to a lesser extent and which, as you probably already know, have a strong influence on the evolution of this exchange rate.\n\nIndeed, it is noticeable that when investor concerns are significant, this has a negative impact on all assets in this block. Of course, the eurozone currency, the EUR, is also affected by this fear sentiment and, as the CHF plays a safe haven role here, there is significant pressure on the EUR/CHF price in this case.\n\nThere are many events to watch to anticipate and analyse market concerns in the euro zone and the 19 countries that make it up. These include national and European elections, major referenda and major economic reforms.\n\nTo better understand what impact the policies of the eurozone countries can have on the price of the EUR/CHF currency pair, we can cite the concrete and current example of Italy. Indeed, during the spring of 2018, two bets considered Eurosceptics, the 5 Star Movement and the Northern League, joined forces to form a government alliance. At the announcement of this coalition, the EUR/CHF, which was then following an upward trend, stopped gaining points and then lost nearly 4% of its value in the space of only two weeks. Subsequently and a few months later, as the Italian government dismantled the former government's labour market reform, marking the beginning of new fears about the country's deficit problem, investors decided to massively sell their Italian domestic bonds in order to buy German bonds, considered safer and supported by the various rating agencies. The impact of this event is a little more complex to understand. Indeed, following these massive purchases of Bunds, the yields on this bond fell and this led to a smaller spread between these yields and the yields on the Swiss bond. This of course benefited the CHF and again contributed to the EUR/CHF exchange rate losing points.\n\nThese few examples give a better understanding of the role played by the important political and economic decisions of the euro area countries. You should therefore keep a close eye on all these events as well as political and economic events affecting Switzerland and use them as a point of entry or exit or as a basis for your strategies and position maintenance.\n\n\nTips for analysing the EUR/CHF\n\nLet's end this article dedicated to the EUR/CHF currency pair with a few tips to help you better analyse this cross.\n\nFirst of all, you must systematically check that the data you obtain through your technical analyses coincide with the technical data of the German Bund over 10 years, since it is known that these two assets must show a positive correlation.\n\nAs explained above, the rate of the EUR/CHF currency cross is particularly responsive to the various communications, announcements and forecasts from the two major central banks that govern these currency zones, namely the ECB for the euro zone and the SNB for Switzerland. You should therefore pay particular attention to all events related to these two financial institutions with regard to economic and monetary plans.\n\nOf course, the other important element to be analysed in the framework of your strategy on the EUR/CHF course concerns the policies pursued in Europe and more particularly in the countries of the euro zone. These policies will help you to better understand the context in which this currency pair is evolving and to anticipate changes in the EUR/CHF based on the fears this context generates.\n\nOf course, and especially if you decide to adopt a long-term investment strategy on this currency pair, you should also pay close attention to the macroeconomic figures for the Eurozone and Switzerland. This will also help you in your medium-term strategies.\n\nAs previously announced, a technical analysis remains essential before taking any position on this stock given its extremely speculative aspect. These technical analyses will be particularly useful if you are considering a short or medium-term trading strategy.\n\nFinally, you can also use the tools and decision-making aids offered by your online broker to further refine your analyses. In particular, you can consult the forecasts made by Forex specialists and analysts or the quarterly forecasts for each currency. The demo accounts, which are usually available free of charge on current trading platforms, can be used to test your various strategies before implementing them with real capital.\n\nThanks to the various tips we have just given you and the various information you have read about in this article, you should be able to set up effective analyses on the price of the EUR/CHF currency pair.\n\nFrequently Asked Questions\n\nWhat influences the EUR/CHF rate?\n\nThe EUR/CHF exchange rate is determined solely by supply and demand on the foreign exchange market. However, it is also interesting to know that several external factors will influence this supply and demand, such as central bank decisions and key interest rates or economic and financial exchanges between these two economic zones, i.e. between Switzerland and the euro zone.\n\now often is the EUR/CHF exchange rate changed?\n\nIt is important to understand that the EUR/CHF exchange rate is constantly changing in the market. When you look at the exchange rate charts for this exchange rate, you will see a price change per second during the opening hours of this market. This is of course also the case for all other Forex currencies and you should therefore take this rapid change into account in your investment strategies.\n\nAre the margins of financial intermediaries the same on EUR/CHF?\n\nThe exchange rate offered by financial intermediaries on the EUR/CHF currency pair varies greatly depending on the margin that will be applied by each of them. This margin will in fact serve as a remuneration for this intermediary and you must take this into account before choosing the broker you will use to speculate on this cross. In the case of online Forex trading, this margin is expressed by the spread.\n\n--- Advertisement ---\nTrade the EUR/CHF!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9389035105705261}
{"content": "Year of the Goddess,\n\nMystery School\n\n\nThis is a one year program that meets once a month. It is an advanced journey into Goddess worship and works through the Maiden, Mother and Crone Goddesses and how these phases relate to a woman's life cycle.\n\n\nPrerequisites for this class are Magick 101 and The Goddess Class.\n\n\nStarts on TBD.\n\n\nThe cost is $15.00 each month, all the materials are included.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5311282873153687}
{"content": "larger capacitys spring cone crusher\n\nAggregate Equipment For Sale In Montana, 2020-7-15 · The Crusher category includes jaw, impact, horizontal shaft impact, and cone crushers, among others, which are designed to turn larger rocks down into smaller ones that can then be more easily passed through screens. Crushers are used in waste management and recycling centers.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999463558197021}
{"content": "India’s economy is growing and its burgeoning population currently stands at more than one-and-a-quarter billion. As a consequence, wildlife habitats across the country are shrinking and elephants and other migratory animals are increasingly in conflict with humans.\n\nTo address this, Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) and World Land Trust (WLT) are working together to secure safe passage for elephants, tigers and other threatened species away from humans.\n\n\nProjects in India\n\n\nGaro Hills\n\nThe Garo Hills form part of the Garo-Khasi mountain range in the state of Meghalaya, North-east India. These gently undulating hills sit within the Meghalaya Subtropical Forests ecoregion, which is known for being one of the wettest regions in the world, with some parts receiving over 11 metres of rainfall a year. These high levels of rainfall, rich soils and benevolent climate have been a major factor in the resulting exceptional biodiversity value of the region. Only 7.6 per cent of Meghalaya’s forests are under protection, and unprotected areas are threatened by jhum agricultural practices (slash and burn).\n\nMudahalli Corridor\n\nMudahalli is located within the Mysore-Nilgiri biosphere region, where the Eastern and Western Ghats mountain ranges meet in southern India. This one of the most important regions for elephants and tigers. Although there are reserves, the region has a dense human population resulting in increasing habitat fragmentation and human-wildlife conflict.\n\nTirunelli-Kudrakote Corridor\n\nTirunelli-Kudrakote Corridor lies in an area considered to be a global biodiversity hotspot in a transition zone between the drier forests to the north and the wetter montane rain forests in the south. Just over 6,000 Elephants live within the corridor- the largest population of elephants in the southern region of India.\n\nWestern Ghats\n\nThe Western Ghats mountain range runs down the west coast of the Indian peninsula, and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its biological richness and beauty. It is a biodiversity hotspot, and is considered one of the “hottest hotspots” of the world’s 34 biodiversity hotspots.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9836379289627075}
{"content": "Having a car maintenance checklist is something all drivers should have, no matter the season. That said, there are some things you can’t always get away with in the winter that you need to take care of now when it comes to your vehicle.\n\nOur friends at Main Auto, LLC in Vineland, NJ, understand the importance of a car maintenance checklist and helped us put together these tips on prepping your vehicle for winter. When you visit Main Auto, LLC for a service and pay with the Xspero™ app, 20% goes to a charity your choose. That way, your money helps a local business and a local nonprofit, all without costing you more.\n\nHere are five things you should be able to check off your car maintenance checklist this fall.\n\n1. Check your oil.\nAn oil change is a crucial part of routine maintenance and what keeps your engine happy and running smoothly. For older models, pop the hood on your vehicle and check the dipstick to clock the current condition and level of your oil. If the oil is gritty, thick, or abrasive in appearance, it’s probably time for a change. On newer models, you can check the in-car computer for when it’s time to change the oil.\n\n2. Check tire pressure and tread depth.\nEnsuring your tires are in good condition will help keep you safe on the road. Over time, tires wear down and often lose pressure, so checking in on their condition should be on your car maintenance checklist. Give your tires a thorough visual inspection. If you spot any uneven tread patterns, it may be time for a rotation or new tires altogether. Having traction on slick, rainy roads or icy streets is critical for safety.\n\n3. Replace your windshield wipers and top off washer fluid.\nWe had a warm and rainy summer—both of which can cause wear and tear on your wiper blades. Having your wipers replaced and topping off your washer fluid will help you see your best (short of a visit to the optometrist) this coming winter on the road. Inspect the rubber strip on your wiper blades. If it’s cracked or coming off the blade, you’ll definitely want it replaced.\n\n4. Inspect exterior lights and signals.\nAs we drive deeper into fall, the less the light we have in our days. That means we’ll be spending more time driving in the dark. Ensuring your exterior lights and signals are functioning could make a difference in staying safe (and avoiding a ticket!). Perform regular tests at home by monitoring your headlights, high beams, rear lights, brake lights, and turn signals.\n\n5. Check your coolant and brake fluid levels.\nUnless you’re familiar with checking coolant and brake fluid levels, this may require some help from a professional. Coolant helps keep your engine running at the optimal temperature, while brake fluids keep your brakes performing effectively. Check your owner’s manual for specifics on checking these levels or contact Main Auto, LLC.\n\nWant to add to your car maintenance checklist this fall?Here are five warning signs that you need an oil change.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6087034344673157}
{"content": "Glossary catalogue\n\n\n\nGlossary table\n\nTerm Meaning\nAccount number\nThe primary identifier for ownership of an account, whether a vendor account, a checking or brokerage account, or a loan account. An account number is used whether or not the identifier uses letters or numbers.\nAccount statement\nAmortization of Loans\nOn auto loan and home loan payments, at the beginning of the loan term, most of the monthly payment goes toward interest. With each subsequent payment, a greater percentage of the payment goes toward the loan's principal. For example, on a five-year $20,000 auto loan at 6% interest, the first payment of $386.66 allocates $286.66 to principal and $100 to interest. The last monthly payment allocates $384.73 to principal and $1.92 to interest.\nAmortization Schedule\nAn amortization schedule is to a complete table of periodic loan payments, showing the amount of principal and the amount of interest that comprise each payment until the loan is paid off at the end of its term. While each periodic payment is the same amount early in the schedule, the majority of each payment is interest; later in the schedule, the majority of each payment covers the loan's principal. The last line of the schedule shows the borrower’s total interest and principal payments for the entire loan term.\nAmortization Table\nAmortized loan\nBalance Sheet\nBalance Sheet is the financial statement of a company which includes assets, liabilities, equity capital, total debt, etc. at a point in time. Balance sheet includes assets on one side, and liabilities on the other. For the balance sheet to reflect the true picture, both heads (liabilities & assets) should tally (Assets = Liabilities + Equity). Description: Balance sheet is more like a snapshot of the financial position of a company at a specified time, usually calculated after every quarter, six months or one year. Balance Sheet has two main heads -assets and liabilities. Let's understand each one of them. What are assets? Assets are those resources or things which the company owns. They can be divided into current as well as non-current assets or long term assets. Liabilities on are debts or obligations of a company. It is the amount that the company owes to its creditors. Liabilities can be divided into current liabilities and long term liabilities. Another important head in the balance sheet is shareholder or owner's equity. Assets are equal to total liabilities and owners' equity. Owner's equity is used when the company is a sole proprietorship and shareholders' equity is used when the company is a corporation. It is also known as book value of the company. Let's understand reporting of a transaction on a balance sheet. If a company XYZ takes a five-year loan from public sector banks for an amount of Rs 5,00,000, it means that the bank will pay the money to XYZ Ltd. The accounts department will increase the cash component by 5,00,000 on the assets front, and at the same time increase the long term debt account with the same amount, thus balancing both the sides. If company raises Rs 10,00,000 from investors, then its assets will increase by that amount, as will its shareholder's equity.\nBank account\nCash Flow\nThe amount of cash or cash-equivalent which the company receives or gives out by the way of payment(s) to creditors is known as cash flow. Cash flow analysis is often used to analyse the liquidity position of the company. It gives a snapshot of the amount of cash coming into the business, from where, and amount flowing out. Description: As discussed cash flows can either be positive or negative. It is calculated by subtracting the cash balance at the beginning of a period which is also known as opening balance, form the cash balance at the end of the period (could be a month, quarter or a year) or the closing balance. If the difference is positive, it means you have more cash at the end of a given period. If the difference is negative it means that you have less amount of cash at the end of a given period when compared with the opening balance at the starting of a period. To analyse where the cash is coming from and going out, cash flow statements are prepared. It has three main categories - operating cash flow which includes day-to-day transactions, investing cash flow which includes transactions which are done for expansion purpose, and financing cash flow which include transactions relating to the amount of dividend paid out to stockholders. However, the level of cash flow is not an ideal metric to analyse a company when making an investment decision. A Company's balance sheet as well as income statements should be studied carefully to come to a conclusion. Cash level might be increasing for a company because it might have sold some of its assets, but that doesn't mean the liquidity is improving. If the company has sold off some of its assets to pay off debt then this is a negative sign and should be investigated further for more clarification. If the company is not reinvesting cash then this is also a negative sign because in that case it is not using the opportunity to diversify or build business for expansion.\nDefault is the failure to pay interest or principal on a loan or security when due. Default occurs when a debtor is unable to meet the legal obligation of debt repayment, and it also refers to cases in which one party fails to perform on a futures contract as required by an exchange.\nDue date\nDue date, also known as maturity date, is the day when some accruals fall due.\nDue Date Rate\nDue date rate is the amount of debt that has to be paid on a date decided in the past. It can also be known as maturity date rate. If the due date amount is higher than the actual amount, then it results in profit, otherwise it's a loss. Description: Due date rate, also called maturity amount, is the amount of debt that a debtor has to pay on a date decided earlier. For example, if a person named ABC borrowed Rs 100 from someone called XYZ and it has been decided that ABC would pay Rs 110 on a date decided at the time of making the transaction, then Rs 110 is called the due date rate, maturity amount or maturity rate and the date is a called the due date or maturity date. Due date amount is also calculated widely for bank deposits, FDs, NSCs, and other investment instruments and via financial institutions. The due date amount/rate for a fixed deposit of Rs 10,000 with 10 per cent annual rate of interest for one year will be Rs 11,000. The difference between the principle and due date rate can be determined as profit/loss. If the due date rate is higher than the actual rate, the difference amount is called profit, otherwise it will be treated as loss.\nLoan Application Fee\nPast Due\nPast due is a loan payment that has not been made as of its due date. A borrower who is past due may be subject to late fees, unless the borrower is still within a grace period. Failure to repay a loan on time could have negative implications for the borrower's credit status or cause the loan terms to be permanently adjusted.\nPrincipal is most commonly used to refer to the amount borrowed or the amount still owed on a loan, separate from interest. If you take out a $50,000 loan, for example, the principal is $50,000, so if you pay off $30,000, the remaining $20,000 left to repay is also called the principal.\nRepayment is the act of paying back money previously borrowed from a lender. Repayment usually takes the form of periodic payments that normally include part principal plus interest in each payment.\nSuspense Account\nsuspense account is the section of a company's books where it records its unclassified debits and credits. The suspense account temporarily holds these unclassified transactions while the company makes a decision about their classification. Transactions in the suspense account continue to appear in the general ledger for the company.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9488011002540588}
{"content": " STORYTELLING : définition de STORYTELLING et synonymes de STORYTELLING (anglais)\n\n   Publicité ▼\n\ndéfinition - STORYTELLING\n\nvoir la définition de Wikipedia\n\n\n-Australian storytelling • Biblical storytelling • Digital storytelling • Gamaka (storytelling) • Graphic Storytelling and Visual Narrative • Interactive Storytelling Game • Interactive storytelling • Katha (storytelling format) • Mojo storytelling • National Storytelling Festival • Oral storytelling • Organizational storytelling • Scottish Storytelling Centre • Southern Ohio Storytelling Festival • Storytelling (Jean-Luc Ponty album) • Storytelling (album) • Storytelling (disambiguation) • Storytelling (film) • Storytelling Giant • Storytelling System • Storytelling festival • Storytelling game • Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling • The Art of Storytelling • The Art of Storytelling (Dirty album) • Timpanogos Storytelling Festival • Transmedia storytelling • World Storytelling Day • Yukon International Storytelling Festival\n\n   Publicité ▼\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  Historical perspective\n\nThe earliest forms of storytelling were thought[by whom?] to have been primarily oral combined with gestures and expressions. In addition to being part of religious ritual, rock art may[original research?] have served as a form of storytelling for many ancient cultures. The Australian Aboriginal people painted symbols from stories on cave walls as a means of helping the storyteller remember the story. The story was then told using a combination of oral narrative, music, rock art and dance. People have used the carved trunks of living trees and ephemeral media (such as sand and leaves) to record stories in pictures or with writing. Complex forms of tattooing may also represent stories, with information about genealogy, affiliation and social status.\n\n\n  Contemporary storytelling\n\n\n  Oral traditions\n\n\nAlbert Bates Lord examined oral narratives from field transcripts of Yugoslav oral bards collected by Milman Parry in the 1930s, and the texts of epics such as the Odyssey and Beowulf.[2] Lord found that a large part of the stories consisted of text which was improvised during the telling process.\n\n\n\nThe story was described by Reynolds Price, when he wrote:\n\n\n  Märchen and Sagen\n\nFolklorists sometimes divide oral tales into two main groups: Märchen and Sagen.[citation needed] These are German terms for which there are no exact English equivalents, however we have approximations:\n\n\n\n\n  Storytelling and learning\n\nStorytelling is a means for sharing and interpreting experiences. Stories are universal in that they can bridge cultural, linguistic and age-related divides. Storytelling can be used as a method to teach ethics, values, and cultural norms and differences. [4] Learning is most effective when it takes place in social environments that provide authentic social cues about how knowledge is to be applied [5]. Stories provide a tool to transfer knowledge in a social context.\n\nHuman knowledge is based on stories and the human brain consists of cognitive machinery necessary to understand, remember and tell stories [6]. Humans are storytelling organisms that both individually and socially, lead storied lives[7] . Stories mirror human thought as humans think in narrative structures and most often remember facts in story form. Facts can be understood as smaller versions of a larger story thus storytelling can supplement analytical thinking.\n\nStories are effective educational tools because listeners become engaged and therefore remember. While the storylistener is engaged, they are able to imagine new perspectives, inviting a transformative and empathetic experience [8]. Listening to a storyteller can create lasting personal connections, promote innovative problem solving and foster a shared understanding regarding future ambitions [9] . The listener can then activate knowledge and imagine new possibilities. Together a storyteller and listener can seek best practices and invent new solutions.\n\nStories tend to be based on experiential learning, but learning from an experience is not automatic. Often a person needs to attempt to tell the story about that experience before realizing its value. In this case it is not only the listener that learns, but also the teller who becomes aware of their own unique experiences and backgrounds [10] . This process of storytelling is empowering as the teller effectively conveys ideas and with practice is able to demonstrate the potential of human accomplishment. Story taps into existing knowledge and creates bridges both culturally and motivationally toward a solution.\n\n  As art form\n\n\n\n\n\nSeveral storytelling organizations started in the US during the 1970s. One such organization was the National Association for the Perpetuation and Preservation of Storytelling (NAPPS), now the National Storytelling Network and the International Storytelling Center. NSN is a professional organization that helps to organize resources for tellers and festival planners. The ISC runs the National Storytelling Festival in Jonesborough, TN.[13] Australia followed their American counterparts with the establishment of storytelling guilds in the late 1970s. Australian storytelling today has individuals and groups across the country who meet to share their stories.\n\n\n  Emancipation of the story\n\nIn oral traditions, stories are kept alive by being re-told again and again. The material of any given story naturally undergoes several changes and adaptations during this process. When and where oral tradition was pushed back in favor of print media, the literary idea of the author as originator of a story's authoritative version changed people's perception of stories themselves. In the following centuries, stories tended to be seen as the work of individuals, rather than a collective effort. Only recently, when a significant number of influential authors began questioning their own roles, the value of stories as such – independent of authorship – was again recognized. Literary critics such as Roland Barthes even proclaimed the Death of the Author.\n\n  In business\n\nFor many multi-media communication complex institutions, communicating by using fiction storytelling techniques can be a more compelling and effective route than using only dry facts.[14] Daphne A. Jameson undertook some research into the manner in which language is used in business meetings. Her analysis led her to the following major conclusions:\n\nUsing narrative to manage conflicts For managers storytelling is an important way of resolving conflicts, addressing issues and facing challenges. Managers used narrative discourse to deal with conflicts, because direct action was often impossible.\n\nUsing narrative to interpret the past and shape the future In a group discussion a process of collective narration can help to influence others and unify the group by linking the past to the future. In discussions, the managers transformed problems, requests and issues into stories. Jameson calls the collective group construction storybuilding.\n\nUsing narrative in the reasoning process Storytelling plays an important role in reasoning processes and in convincing others. In the meetings, the managers preferred stories instead of abstract arguments or statistical measures. When situations were complex, narrative allowed them to involve more context.[15]\n\n  In marketing\n\nStorytelling is increasingly used in advertising today in order to build customer loyalty.[16] According to Giles Lury, this marketing trend echoes the deeply-rooted need of all humans to be entertained. Stories are illustrative, easily memorable and allow any firm to create stronger emotional bonds with the customers.\n\nAccording to Professor Henry Jenkins, four steps should be followed to achieve successful campaigns based on that concept:[17]\n\nStories should be drillable.\nInvolve the fans in the creation process.\nBuild a world in which your story can evolve (such as Coca-Cola's \"Happiness Factory\")\nCoca-Cola is an example of the use of storytelling. From Iris Bell's tale in 1944 to the \"Happiness Factory\" today, they have succeeded in involving their customers in their advertising and creating emotional power. The use of storytelling by marketers shows the beginning of a new narrative era in which brand content, brand story, advertainment, street marketing, guerilla marketing ... will be essential communication concepts.\n\n  See also\n\n\n  1. ^ Birch, Carol and Melissa Heckler (Eds.) 1996. Who Says?: Essays on Pivotal Issues in Contemporary Storytelling’’ Atlanta GA: August House\n  4. ^ Davidson, Michelle (2004). \"A phenomenological evaluation: using storytelling as a primary teaching method\". Nurse Education and Practice 4 (3): 184-189. \n  5. ^ Andrews, Dee; Hull, Donahue (September 2009). \"Storytelling as an Instructional Method:: Descriptions and Research Question\". The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning. 2 3: 6-23. http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/afrl/storytelling_instructional.pdf. \n  6. ^ Wyer, Robert (1995). Knowledge and Memory: The Real Story. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 1-85. ISBN 0-8058-1446-9. \n  7. ^ Connelly, F. Michael; D. Jean Clandinin (Jun. - Jul.). \"Stories of Experience and Narrative Inquiry\". Educational Researcher. 5 19: 2-14. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1176100. \n  8. ^ Rossiter, Marsha (2002). \"Narrative and Stories in Adult Teaching and Learning\". Educational Resources Information Center 'ERIC Digest' (241). http://www.calpro-online.org/eric/docs/dig241.pdf. \n  10. ^ Doty, Elizabeth. \"Transforming Capabilities: Using Story for Knowledge Discovery & Community Development\". Storytelling In Organizations. http://www.worklore.com/WorkLore_TransformingCapabilities_EDoty.pdf. \n  11. ^ David Lodge The Art of Fiction 67\n  12. ^ Lodge The Art of Fiction 97\n  15. ^ Jameson, Daphne A. (2001). Narrative Discourse and Management Action. Journal of Business Communication, 38 (4), p. 476-511\n  17. ^ Huang, Christine(2009). Advertising Age, Volume 80, Issue 40, p. 13\n\n  Further reading\n\n  External links\n\n\n\nToutes les traductions de STORYTELLING\n\nContenu de sensagent\n\n  • définitions\n  • synonymes\n  • antonymes\n  • encyclopédie\n\n  • definition\n  • synonym\n\n   Publicité ▼\n\ndictionnaire et traducteur pour sites web\n\n\n\nEssayer ici, télécharger le code;\n\nSolution commerce électronique\n\nAugmenter le contenu de votre site\n\n\nParcourir les produits et les annonces\n\nObtenir des informations en XML pour filtrer le meilleur contenu.\n\nIndexer des images et définir des méta-données\n\nFixer la signification de chaque méta-donnée (multilingue).\n\nRenseignements suite à un email de description de votre projet.\n\nJeux de lettres\n\nLes jeux de lettre français sont :\n○   Anagrammes\n○   jokers, mots-croisés\n○   Lettris\n○   Boggle.\n\n\n\n\n\nDictionnaire de la langue française\nPrincipales Références\n\nL'encyclopédie française bénéficie de la licence Wikipedia (GNU).\n\n\nChanger la langue cible pour obtenir des traductions.\n\n\n4891 visiteurs en ligne\n\ncalculé en 0,078s\n\nJe voudrais signaler :\nsection :\nune faute d'orthographe ou de grammaire\nun contenu abusif (raciste, pornographique, diffamatoire)\nune violation de copyright\nune erreur\nun manque\nmerci de préciser :", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5698025226593018}
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{"content": "agoraphobia and social phobia – What & # 39; s the difference?\n\nWhat & # 39; the difference between agoraphobia and social phobia?\n\nThis is a question every time. It & # 39; and because the two disorders are some similarities that make them difficult to distinguish from each other. For example, both the agoraphobic and social phobic fear of being in public places. Both develop a similar pattern avoidance behavior. Panic and anxiety associated with both experience similar symptoms. And since they are considered as phobias, both conditions can be treated with a program of cognitive behavioral therapy successfully.\n\nSo what is the difference between these two conditions? How to distinguish them?\n\nThe main difference between agoraphobia and social phobia can be found in nature in order to avoid causing fear behavior. People are afraid of social phobia social settings that involve groups of people or crowds.\n\nThe fears of social phobia among people with or interactions with other people. For example, a person would feel safe walking alone social phobia in the forest on a secluded beach.\n\nAgoraphobia, on the other hand, fear of open and public spaces, the presence or absence of other people. People agoraphobia usually avoid large crowds or social situations for fear of having a panic attack and embarrassing themselves.\n\nBut people with agoraphobia, unlike social phobia, you are afraid to walk alone in the woods or on a secluded beach, it would be no one around, to help if you had a panic attack or medical emergency.\n\nBut the good news is you can completely recover from agoraphobia.\n\nSource by Stephen Allen Price\n\nCure fear of Eating Out – Overcome Phobia eating in public\n\nPeople who are afraid of eating much more common than the & # 39; d think. Maybe one of them. After all, in our society eating in restaurants is considered a fundamental social activity. Eating together is the glue that holds us together. In some ways, we are no different as described in the Old English epic poem Beowulf kings. By inviting people to eat with us, we'll show them what the \"Allies\". Most of the rules of etiquette how concern should be taken when eating with others. Restaurants can be arenas of competition and judgment, and shops where friendships are made and broken. It & # 39; s no wonder that eating with others, or in a public place can cause some people to panic. The fear of eating in a common social phobia. Help is out there, however.\n\nIf you could be a problem\n\nHow do you know if you are experiencing discomfort during meals in restaurants \"normal\" social anxiety – related, most likely, that the data on the social situation – against the crippling, lifelong phobia of eating in public? Here are some possible signs that there is a certain problem should be dealt with haste restaurants.\n\nWhen you & # 39; a restaurant or cafe, feels that the other guests staring at you disapprovingly, from the moment you & # 39; ve walked in the door – even & # 39; dressed according to the restaurant and can & # 39; I did nothing wrong? Know before you spend hours getting ready for social events, restaurants – all so long that & # 39; ve missed the event? You can not enjoy your food in restaurants, no matter how perfectly made it? If you & # 39; sitting in a restaurant, you find yourself counting the seconds until you think that & # 39; and the appropriate leave you? These symptoms are crippling phobia. If you want to function normally in society & # 39; and a phobia you & # 39; ll be resolved immediately.\n\nto conventional therapy does not help\n\nSince the time of Sigmund Freud, the usual way to treat anxiety and phobias of all kinds went through intensive, continuous treatment sessions. Whether or not the therapist's analysis is based on a dream, or simply chat with you, these treatments all have one thing in common: take years. Traditional therapists hope to treat phobias by discovering their secrets, long conversations during deep-rooted, often unconscious reasons for years. Unfortunately, the reasons \"restaurant phobia\" is often complex and multifaceted. Usually there is more than one reason why people are afraid of eating in public, and on top of all people & # 39; s case is different. Traditional therapies take years, and that may be too long.\n\nNLP and hypnotherapy work in this\n\nNLP and hypnotherapy techniques that are likely to cure or reduce It fears faster than conventional therapy. NLP practitioners do not care, why can not the restaurants. All that they do is a qualified person to complete the reaction, a restaurant, a guided step-by-step, controlled clinical setting. They have to train your mind to consciously recognize & # 39; and unconscious reactions and ignore terror. Then, they & # 39; ll train to will away the terror, to turn it into joy, serenity, and simplicity. NLP is more likely than not, you & # 39; ll never be afraid to eat again.\n\nSource by JJ Seymour\n\nFear of Frogs – How to Overcome Phobia of Frogs Easily\n\nThere is a deep-seated fear of frogs? You may feel like you are alone. It all began with Kermit. That was all she wrote, first the pig and then the world was in love frogs. Everyone that is, but you do. Do not worry, you are not as alone as you feel the fear of frogs. Maybe if we all used to hang out with a pig, a bear, and Gonzo (whatever it is that & # 39; s allegedly) sings Rainbow Connections none of them were all awesome.\n\nfrogs with Real World\n\nIn the real world, frogs are not cuddly, not a beautiful tenor voice, and they are really rather slimy. In other words, it does not really invite kisses fairy princess. The fear of frogs is not new. Perhaps the Frog Prince really is a story about facing fears and go beyond fear of a frog, and overcome the phobia once and for all. Whether you live in a day when princesses and frogs with different meanings. If you have a deep and persistent fear of frogs, there is no reason to be ashamed of. You really are not alone. This is one of the more common phobias out there. The news that really you jump for joy, however, is that it is very easy to use hypnotherapy.\n\nit really necessary to cure this particular Fear?\n\nThe fear of frogs, many, not evaluating high on the priority list of things to do. Unless you are passionate about your garden but do not enter for fear of frogs chances of it not fear that it will affect your daily life. If so, you definitely need to make every effort to overcome as quickly as possible. Even if they do not meet regularly frogs fear this may be inconvenient. Children love frogs, how to respond when a child brings home? Can a reptile cage at the zoo without being overwhelmed with panic or fear seeing a frog?\n\nCuring The fear of frogs\n\nThere are many ways to go treat the frog phobia. Hypnotherapy and NLP is one of the most effective methods you can follow. It works so well because it teaches your mind to visualize the fear of frogs in this case, a dispassionate point of view. If you remove the fear or just the fear, you are able to see frogs without the panic reflexes kicking. In other words, you are able to maintain control of the situation.\n\nYou should avoid immersion programs that put you in a position to face the phobia of frogs head. They are only asking for a full blown panic attack, and even harder to get rid of that fear, if you ever try again. Select a kinder approach that removes the fear of frogs before you face you're so afraid. Get rid of the fear of frogs today and begin to enjoy the best life has to offer without fear.\n\nSource by JJ Seymour\n\nFear of parasites – not a common phobia\n\nMany individuals there is the fear. You also think the fear is? He said there is a fear of parasites? Did you know that it is a \"rare disease\" that was recorded by the Office of Rare Diseases? This means that this phobia affects up to two hundred thousand people in the United States. As we continue, we will talk about in this article is the fear of being developed.\n\nThis is not a big phobias, like spiders, but nevertheless still fear that a lot of deals. Did you know that some people feel like they've beetles live under your skin? It & # 39; s right to feel as if you have been infected with parasites, even if you do not have them. You see, & # 39; It s all about the brain. The human mind makes us think that there is something, even if you do not know.\n\nHow do you know if it is or not? Well, you will if you are really parasites under the skin, see a doctor. During this time, the doctor will take a sample of your skin. If you do not find any skin changes (or parasites), they will be sent to the psycho-dermatologist. It is also looking for help with the issue by visiting a psychiatrist.\n\nI know that when you give your brain messages, it is difficult to understand that these are the wrong ones. If you do not experience the fear of parasites, it is recommended that a psychiatrist for help. One of the most common form of treatment would be in this case the drug. Your doctor will decide if you and determine what works best for you.\n\nSource by Trevor Johnson\n\nFear of insects – How to Overcome Easily phobia of insects\n\n\nturns aversion phobia\n\n\nFear Ruins Lives\n\n\n\nCure Fear of insects and NLP hypnotherapy\n\n\nWhat are you going to learn\n\n\nSource by JJ Seymour\n\nThe Legendary Fast Phobia Cure\n\nThe man with a spider phobia walks into a room. His phobia means that it does not even look like a picture of something that looks like a spider without having a panic attack. So it could not help checking the space spiders as he sits in a comfortable chair opposite a therapist. Twenty minutes later, standing in the middle of the room with a spider in her hand and a smile on his face.\n\nis remarkable therapist? Probably not. A fluke? No: this kind of thing happens all the time. Remarkably treatment? Yes man experienced only the Fast Phobia Cure.\n\nwhat exactly is a phobia cure FAST?\n\nFast Phobia Cure is perhaps the only reliable and effective tool in psychotherapy today. It is reported that about 90% of the most successful phobias because it does what it says – a cure phobias fast. The above example is very typical for twenty minutes. And does so without the scare tactics, psychological archeology, drugs and older and less effective phobia treatment used by the exposure.\n\n\nMost of us have experienced traumatic and upsetting events in our lives. If we look back on these events is never pleasant memories, but if they do not upset us at that time.\n\nThe phobic, you & # 39; and more. Very different. When reminded of the trauma, they feel much the same as they did during the first time out, even if it was decades ago. They are vivid and affecting memories of the event.\n\nIt is these types of memories – held in the emotional part of the brain – that drive and maintain phobias. Such memories are strong and present, reminding them that only bring fear responses. That is, the phobic acts on these memories, so you & # 39; s as if they are experiencing a similar situation again answers – panic, pounding heart, trembling, sweating, the irresistible urge to run.\n\nThe other, separated by a traumatic memories – they are more factual and little emotion – because over time, have been processed by logical thinking part of the mind. The phobic, this separation did not happen. But it should be.\n\nFast Phobia Cure is a fast dissociation process. This allows the sufferer to experience the traumatic memories of a calm and dissociated, or disconnected, state. The other part of the mind – devoid of emotion, rational, thinking mind – and then go to work turning the memories of the ordinary, factual, neutral, non-threatening. Like the memory of what he ate for breakfast. The emotional Member unstuck phobic encounters, the phobia lot of free air. It & # 39; s gone.\n\n\nThe way to achieve this dissociation is that the sufferer imagine watching themselves from a remote, third-party or family situation going through the traumatic event.\n\nThe classic scenario is that they imagine themselves in a movie theater watching an old black and white film going through the experience at very high speeds (like watching a video on fast forward). The dissociation can be increased by having them imagine that the projection booth watching themselves are sitting watching a movie theater for the younger self going through the experience. This creates the distance and comfort dissociation occurs.\n\nThen he asked to step into the safe time at the end of the movie and imagine physically rewinding experience with great force. This step is repeated several times. This creates dissociation because the mind has never experienced a traumatic event is back and so is not prepared to answer her fear, and experience the calm. The memory of the brain recoded and saved less emotional charge attached to it.\n\nThese steps Phobia Cure is fast. They are running the most traumatic memories around the phobia – typically three or four such memories are used – and this process can take just five minutes.\n\n\nVariations on the Fast Phobia Cure possible to change the cinema scenario to just watching a television screen, or imagine witnessing the event, as an outsider from a helicopter, or a bird's eye view, or seeing it played out on the stage. Or, if your memory is much more comfortable to watch them \"the director & # 39; s cut\" by adding your own music (light or silly music is often used) and changing something about the way he looked in the creative and humorous way.\n\nmeasuring and testing changes\n\nbefore, during and after a quick run Phobia Cure, the individual asked to evaluate how unpleasant the whole traumatic memories. Very high levels of discomfort quickly reduced to zero, or thereabouts when the fast Phobia Cure is running. Such rapid change is often a shock and delight to the subjects.\n\nThe last step is to test the new search of answers to the old trigger (the spider goes hunting the man in the example above). Again, subjects are usually surprised at how reluctant they are to do so, and the feeling that I'm not afraid to trigger the entire region. For many, it seems really amazing. But the rapid Phobia Cure's no wonder: & # 39; It s just based on good brain science, on current neurology.\n\nThe benefits of\n\nand reliability, rapid Phobia Cure the three most important advantages of traditional phobia treatments.\n\nFirst, as the name suggests, the & # 39; s fast. The treatment is usually only one session. The mind learns very quickly. It is learned that phobic very quickly, probably in a matter of seconds. Learning how not to be phobic again, and necessarily equally fast. As long as the treatment is not painful required.\n\nSecond, it & # 39; s safe. There is no direct confrontation with the phobic trigger and the phobic relaxed and comfortable throughout the treatment.\n\nThird, it & # 39; and non-intrusive. As the \"movies\" of the patient & # 39; s, the therapist does not need to know the exact details of the traumatic memory or phobic encounters.\n\nWhy are not more widely available?\n\nFast Phobia Cure remarkable management can be learned and used by any competent therapist. But it & # 39; and not widely used. Post why?\n\nThe answer seems to work very well. And too fast. It can be done in minutes and easily within a single therapy session. And there & # 39; s the rub: therapists using the fast phobia Cure probably need to be a customer only once, so not a lot of money. And the traditional old-school therapists and counselors when faced with a quick, painless results start to question their own models of long, lingering pain therapy.\n\nSource by Guy Baglow\n\nUnderstanding the Differences Between OCD and phobias\n\nSometimes it can be difficult to distinguish between OCD and phobia. In a sense, with the most anxiety sufferers have an obsession – if you spend all your time worrying about panic attacks or find a spider or you meet someone on the street, you obsessed to some extent. And we can say that behavior like spiders constantly checking the room or crossing the road to avoid a meeting, there is an element of compulsion for them.\n\nBut there is an extra dimension to OCD, which is the relationship between obsessions and compulsion. A person with OCD usually have a strong feeling that there is a need to provide the force, or turn into something terrible consequences, and almost always they also feel that they are not forced, in a certain way, like a ritual.\n\nSo, if you are afraid of spiders and verify that each room for them, you have a phobia. If you feel that a spider will be left in the room is likely to bring misfortune or harm to yourself or your family, and if you check the room the same way every time you have OCD. Similarly, he worried about the safety of any home, make sure that they have closed the door, while someone with OCD can check several times, and the final release.\n\nOCD may exist among other anxiety disorders such as social and health phobias and depression.\n\npost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [1945901million]\n\nThis is caused by exposure to danger or abuse. The classification of any anxiety disorder were events that happened in the past, not the fears that what happens in the future. Most people who experience traumatic events, such as road / rail / air accidents or incidents involving violence can expect to see associated with at least some disturbing physical and emotional reactions and shock.\n\nGenerally, these short-lived. Support from family and friends, the possible short-term technical assistance is usually enough to help them through it. Very few people will develop PTSD, which remains strong reaction for a long time, usually it feels to re-live the trauma and unable to resume a normal life.\n\nPTSD need specialized treatment, so we do not recommend trying to self-help.\n\nThe children and young people\n\nWhere children are concerned, although you may be having problems, which show many of the same features as the adult Anxiety disorders , I do not recommend trying to adapt to a self-help approach, without advice.\n\nMost children go through a phase when they are afraid of strange things – they are part of normal development and are usually outgrown. If the problem persists even far beyond the expected life or cause serious disturbance to the child & # 39; s daily life and forming relationships, some professional help and guidance may be needed.\n\nIt is preferable that the appropriate assessment which takes into account the child & # 39; s general health, overall development and any factors in the environment or that may contribute to the family.\n\nkeeping an anxiety diary\n\nIt & # 39; s time to get out a notebook and start a diary. Anxiety is a simple log record for the anxious feelings every day. It & # 39; It s important to describe the anxiety scores at least twice a day, but there is no need to try to explain every minute of the day. But do not leave until the end of the week, and try to remember everything because you can not quite remember exactly.\n\nI do every day you will find that they tend to pick the wrong time, and ignore the relatively good weather. The important thing is to learn to evaluate ordained by anxiety. Be honest, but you will ever see in the log.\n\nSource by Michelle Spencer\n\nblushing phobia – When it becomes flushed Fear\n\nBlushing Phobia, or rather Erythrobia, carried by a very common chronic blushers and learned fear. Excessive blushing blush a phobia should not be confused with the original cause of fear blushing. In general, the blushing problem arises from the fact that a person is engaged is unknown, yet treatable health issues with deeply rooted sense. It may seem like a cruel joke when the fear of blushing becomes another reason for blushing turned something as debilitating as a phobia that disrupts daily life.\n\nErythrobia occurs when a blusher expects to blush, fears blushing in front of people, and is terrified about what other people think. This is a very traumatizing phobia, because no one wants his or her emotions to be so transparent. Sufferers of chronic blushing feel that & # 39; walking around with a big sign on your forehead that \"I & # 39;! m nervous\" or \"I feel shy!\" The intense fear of blushing and fear of certain situations where people will see that the red-faces are all part of developing Erythrobia. Other sub-phobias can emerge … as fears of specific people or places. It can be very devastating and blush can start experiencing depression. If this is the case, try to avoid depression or anxiety drugs such as when a blushing problem is cured, these symptoms will fade as you regain confidence.\n\nIf someone has a Blushing Phobia, the actual blushing occurs in response to the expectation that AND the blushers tend to send the body into a state of fight or flight during operation. Wanting the blushing to stop, and wanting to escape at one time causes most people to tense up and hold your breath or breathe shallowly. Breathing shallowly to the brain indicating that this is a threatening situation in which the pain is involved. That's why one of the best ways to conquer the phobia started blushing blushing during attacks when breathing deeply and relaxing. It seems very unnatural at first, but try to practice every chance you get. You might even notice a difference within a few days.\n\nThis is only the first step though. The blushing phobia, phobia or for that matter, strongly interwoven into who you are – your daily routine, thoughts and perceptions. Erythrobia the manifestation of all fears around blushing: the skin looks in front of people, you & # 39; It s really noticeable when people are judging you if your friends it's weird, etc. Blushers find the best day for relief hypnosis and meditation, through which you & # 39; You'll find that blushing is not something to be afraid of you & # 39; ll see yourself starting to control it. After no time at all, a Blushing Phobia will be a thing of the past and the & # 39; ll start looking forward to the social events, dates, appointments, and so on.\n\nOne of the best things a blush of Erythrobia can do is join a forum where people with social anxiety will also discuss how they feel. This helps to reduce the feeling of loneliness, and shows that the & # 39; You are not alone.\n\nSource by Kathleen Timm\n\nexam phobia\n\nHave you ever felt an exam or a test, you can`t remember names, dates, numbers, diligently studied the whole course? The mind is blank, you can`t collect his thoughts, fatigue, legs shaking, and all you want to do run away? Or maybe he felt so frightened before an exam, she could not study properly or revise?\n\nIf the answer is `Yes` one or more of the above questions, you may be suffering from exam phobia is defined as an irrational, oppressive, excessive and uncontrollable fear or dislike of exams.\n\nEveryone is nervous before or during exams. While fear of experiencing a positive thing because it can motivate you to work harder phobia other hand, an amplified terror, which has a negative impact on life. Phobia will make your life very difficult as you do everything that you do not or can not go wrong if this `huge pain` survive the dreaded situation. In this state, you can not access your full potential and achieve the results you deserve.\n\nexam phobia is very similar to the fear of public speaking.\n\nSo how to recognize phobia? What is a phobia? Can you cure exam phobia?\n\nLet`s say good student who has been studying diligently throughout the year. You are ambitious, you know that this exam is very important, you want to pass. There is perhaps even more pressure from parents who want you (ie, the beloved children's) the best. We want to be the best as well and you do not want to disappoint your parents. observed prior to an examination of physical symptoms, such as insomnia, abdominal cramps, diarrhea. You may not be able to eat, or eat too much. You start wondering good enough to pass the exam. The confidence goes down. You start to believe you can not. I imagine all the negative consequences. You will be nervous. Do you feel overwhelmed. You feel it. You start sweating or perhaps headaches. You begin to wonder whether there is sense to review it fails anyway.\n\nAt this point, the fact that the course proved that they understood the topic and discuss it with great insight and intelligence will be important. You're so nervous that you start to panic, your mind goes blank, your heart starts beating, fear becomes so overwhelming that he could not breathe. During the exam you through remembers well known facts, figures, names and dates. You can not summon up any of the facts, or that any argument or a coherent discussion.\n\nYou may know a rational level that the test is not a death sentence. This is just an assessment of how well recognized that the topic and how good the teacher is already having certain knowledge for you. Did he perform the duty to prepare for the exam, and have no need to fear the consequences if you can not answer all your questions. Even if it is not always possible to repeat the exam. This does not matter if you are suffering from exam phobia.\n\nHowever, there is some good news for you. Phobias are quite common (nothing to be ashamed of) and highly treatable. It is possible to cure phobia so I encourage you to ask for help.\n\nImagine what your life would look like without examination phobia.\n\nSource by Ana E Johnson\n\nPhobias – Ayurvedic Herbal Treatment\n\nThe overwhelming phobia and unreasonable fear of an object or situation that poses little real threat. The phobia of long-term disease that can cause intense physical and psychological stress and can affect a person & # 39; s ability to function normally at work and in social settings. Phobias can be divided into specific phobias, social phobia and fear of open spaces, which is called agoraphobia. Specific phobias are further divided into fear of enclosed spaces (claustrophobia); Fear of animals (zoophobia); acrophobia (fear of heights); Fear of flying (pterygophobia); fear of water (rabies) and fear of surgery, injections, tunnels, bridges, etc. Genetics, a neurotransmitter in the brain disorder and traumatic experiences seem to affect the development of phobias.\n\nAll phobias can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy quite well. In addition, the drugs may be required to social phobia and agoraphobia. Ayurvedic drugs can be used to treat depression, anxiety, palpitations and hypertension. Medications like Jatamansi (Nardostachys Jatamansi) Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) Khurasani ova (Hyosciamus niger) and Jayphal (Myristica fragrans) is used as a sedative. The treatment of depression, drugs like Vacha (Acorus calamus), Jyotishmati (Celastrus paniculata), Laxmi-Vilas-Ras and Shrung-Bhasma used. The signs and symptoms of fear, such as increased heart rate, high blood pressure, pounding heart, trembling voice and limbs, can be treated with medicines like Brahmi (Bacopa Monnieri) Mandukparni (Centella asiatica), Jatamansi, Sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina) Saraswatarishta, Arjunarishta, Dashmoolarishta, Tankan (purified borax) and Arjun (Terminalia Arjuna).\n\nsimilar drugs Makar-Dhwaj- Ras, Maha Laxmi-Vilas-Ras, Bruhat-Vat-Chintamani, Suvarna-Bhasma, Abhrak-Bhasma and Trivang-Bhasma used in conjunction with a very minute doses of the drugs mentioned above that the creation of a rapid response and to help prevent recurrence of symptoms. Panchkarma Ayurvedic methods such as & # 39; Shirodhara & # 39; and & # 39; Shirobasti & # 39; sedatives can operate effectively reduces anxiety and panic attacks. Panchkarma Another method known as the & # 39; Nasya & # 39; you can use for the treatment of depression with powerful stimulant, nasal drops, medicated Vacha, Sunthi (Zinziber officinalis) and Pippali (Piper longum).\n\nBecause phobias often develop at a young age, it is important that parents talk openly about fears and that positive approaches fears and phobias, in order to preventing children from falling victims to these terms. If you develop phobias, direct or gradual rather than confrontation is recommended to avoid the object or situation.\n\nSource by Abdulmubeen Mundewadi", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9632845520973206}
{"content": "Describe market and non-market factors that can affect stakeholder relationships and corporate governance\n\nFactors that affect stakeholder relationships and corporate governance are classified as market factors, which originate from capital markets, and non-market factors, which do not.\n\nMarket factors\n\nMarket factors include shareholder engagement, shareholder activism and competitive forces.\n\n  • Shareholder engagement: companies have realized it is useful to continuously engage shareholders year-round, and not just in annual general meetings. This can help companies fight out short-term activist investors, proxy battles, etc.\n  • Shareholder activism refers to strategies used by shareholders to compel a company and its management to act in a desired manner. Even though it may have social or political factors, the primary goal is to increase shareholder value. Shareholder activists engage in proxy battles, propose shareholder resolutions, create awareness, initiate shareholder derivative lawsuits—lawsuits against a company’s management or board of directors (which may be restricted in certain jurisdictions). Hedge funds have greater room to act as activist shareholders.\n  • Competitions and takeovers: when there is competition, management realizes that they must perform well or else lose their jobs. Similarly, when there is an active takeover market, management knows that shareholders may replace them with another group if they do not do well. Corporate takeovers can be executed via proxy contest (proxy fight) in which shareholders are persuaded to vote for directors of a new group of investors seeking controlling positions, or tender offer, in which shareholders sell their shares to the controlling group, or hostile takeover, in which a company attempts to acquire another company without approval of its management.\n\nHowever, these market forces may have counterproductive effects too. For example, management may adopt anti-takeover measures, such as staggered board, because all of the directors may be replaced in a single election, shareholders rights plan (poison pill), in which a company entitles its shareholders to buy shares at a discount if a company is taken over. This increases the cost of takeover and reduces its likelihood.\n\nNon-market factors\n\nNon-market factors include a company’s legal environment, the role of the media, and the corporate governance industry.\n\n  • Legal environment: countries with common law (UK, US) generally offer better protection to shareholders and creditors than the civil law countries. It is because in civil law jurisdictions, a judge cannot create a law but must follow a statute solely; while in common law countries, a court’s decision is based on both statues and/or judicial opinions. In the common law system, shareholders or creditors may appeal to judge against management actions. Regardless of the legal system, creditors generally have better success in enforcing their rights because their relationship is not as complex as those of shareholders. \n  • Media: media has enabled fast dissemination of information which has reduced the cost of monitoring management activities. Further, it has motivated politicians and regulators to promulgate and implement new laws and regulations. Social media has been particularly disruptive because it has enabled all stakeholders to voice their opinions.\n  • The corporate governance industry: as a result of increased focus on corporate governance, an industry has developed which includes companies that provide governance monitoring, governance ratings and proxy advice. Since this industry is concentrated, companies must pay attention to what they have to say.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9422478079795837}
{"content": "Interview Series\n\nIndustry Exposed with Helpshift: “Success depends on your most loyal users coming back”\n\nWelcome back to our Industry Exposed series! For this first instalment in 2016, we welcome Abinash Tripathy, co-founder and CEO of Helpshift, a platform that enables app developers to communicate with their users and customers in order to engage and retain them. Abinash gives some detailed and comprehensive answers on some of the most important aspects of managing an app community.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7199593782424927}
{"content": "The main symbol of the Wild West in the photo from the satellite\n\nMonument Valley – the quintessence of the Wild West and, probably, one of the most photographed places on Earth. The valley covers about 37,000 hectares along the border of the states of Arizona and Utah. You could see this cult landscape in American westerns, where Hollywood stars rode horseback across the sandy plains among the towering sandstone pillars that dot the Navajo Tribal Park.\n\nFormed in the Permian period, this piece of land was once part of the seabed where sedimentary rocks and sandstone formed into layers for millions of years. Tectonic forces raised the plate above the water line and created a plateau. Then, water and wind removed the softer materials from the sedimentary rock, forming the towering structures that we see today.\n\nA composite image in natural color, allowing you to sense the topography of the terrain, was made from data obtained on May 8 by the OLI instrument on the Landsat-8 satellite and the National Elevation Dataset of the US Geological Survey.\n\nThe second image was received by the same satellite on November 14, 2016. The shadows in this picture, taken by a camera directed straight down, give some idea of ​​the differences in height between mezes and butes that extend 120-300 meters above the valley floor level. The bottom consists of sand and siltstone and looks red due to the presence of iron oxides, while manganese oxide forms some blue-gray rocks. A similar landscape was discovered on Mars and was named after this valley.\n\nAccording to available information, the first people in the area were the Anasazi Indians, who settled here in 1200 BC. e. and created pictograms that can be seen today. Now this area is home to the Navajo, one of the largest tribes of American Indians. Monument Valley, called in the language of the tribe Tsé Bii ‘Ndzisgaii (“Valley of the rocks”), is technically not considered a national park and is managed by the Department of Parks and Recreation Navajo. Tourists can travel to U.S. Route 163, the only road that passes through the park, or set off on horseback accompanied by a local guide.\n\nNotify of\nInline Feedbacks\nView all comments\nWould love your thoughts, please comment.x", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9529033303260803}
{"content": "Optimization Of Scilab Instances On Server\n\nThe project is about optimizing http://cloud.scilab.in/ to reduce total response time experienced by users after hitting execute button. In existing implementation, a scilab instance is created for each user request which loads all scilab libraries in the background while executing the script from the website. All Users experience delay to get output due to the load time required for these libraries. Scilab instances are terminated after the execution is completed.\n\nThe major idea of this project was to avoid the creation of scilab instance and hence load scilab libraries for each user request. The proposed solution was to have running scilab instances available to cater to user’s requests. The implementation of proposed solution was achieved via the two stages given below.\n\nStage1: We kept the scilab instances alive and running in the server using pexpect. Pexpect is a pure python module. Loading of scilab instances for each request is being avoided by using pexpect.\n\nStage2: Creation of additional Scilab instances are done dynamic based on the load on the server. If the load on the server is low, the only minimum number of scilab instances are made available to run scripts. Here is an example to explain the scenario, suppose 4 scilab instances are available and all these 4 are busy then a new request comes from a user. In this case, proposed implementation spawn (create) new scilab instance and assign it to the new request. The server can now handle 5 requests at a time. This process goes on until a fixed scilab instances indicating maximum allowed number of instances are being spawned. This number is set based on hardware availability of the server. What happens in the case when there are no users accessing the website?\n\nWell, in cases like this, many of the active scilab instances are residing in the server without any work. We implemented an infinite thread (method) running in the back end to check the number of scilab instances working in the server and the number that are idle. This method then kills the scilab instances which are not working and does the same for the next interval as well. This process goes on until there is only one scilab instance in the server because we are assuming that anytime any user can access our website. This way the memory efficiency and speed are achieved in our project.\n\n\nMentor’s View\n\nIt was a great pleasure to know and work with my interns Divakar, Meghana and Sumanth. They achieved the project objective of optimizing code execution on http://cloud.scilab.in/ with an overall decrease in execution time and improve execution efficiency on the server. I would also like to thank the Python team at FOSSEE, especially Ankit J and Mahesh Gudi for their timely feedback and ideas on the project.\n\n-Arun KP (Project Research Engineer, FOSSEE, IIT Bombay)\n\n\nFOSSEE intern:\n\n“IIT Bombay changed my life. This ekalavya camp for interns should continue and putting more open source projects is helpful.”\n\n-Sumanth Pole (Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9337754249572754}
{"content": "5 weeks pregnant mother\n\nQuestion: I m 4 week pregnant. N having pain in my abdomen after wake up\n\n1 Answers\nAnswer: Hi dear such problem. With minor cramping is normal and it will stay till delivery as these are due to the stretching of round ligament which increase it's size to give more space to ur baby.\nSimilar Questions with Answers\nQuestion: I m 3 week pregnant and i am having pain in my stomach and lower abdomen\nAnswer: Hi Dear! A little pain here and thr in pregnancy is common beçz your body gets prepared to accomodate the baby in body and a lot of stretching pulling loosening of muscles happen in the body which causes this pain, cramps heaviness etc. dont worry they r on & off and not continuous..Hv a lot of water.. Hope this helps!\n»Read All Answers\nQuestion: M 22 week pregnant and having pressure pain kind of in pelvic area and inner thighs pain when ever i wake up\nAnswer: Its common andi....its due to growing baby n expanding uterus pressures on ur pelvic area....eat well n stay happy everything will be fine\n»Read All Answers\nQuestion: Hello, i m 9 week pregnant having cold n pain in lower abdomen\n»Read All Answers", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7486459016799927}
{"content": "Cheetahs (Spanish)\n\nCheetahs (Spanish)\n\nBrandle, Marie\n\nSeries: Big Cats (Spanish)\nLibrary Bound\n\nIn Cheetahs, beginning readers will learn about cheetahs and their cubs. Vibrant, full-color photos and carefully leveled text will engage young readers as they are introduced to cheetahs' appearance, diet, behaviors, and habitats.\n\nCharacter 1: -\nCharacter 2: -\nCopyright: 2021\nSize: 7.75 x 7.7\nPages: 24\nInterest Grade: PK- Grade 1\nClassification: Nonfiction\nGRL: -\nAR: -\nRC: -\nDewey: 599.75\nLanguage: Spanish\nPenworthy Release: 01-2021\nISBN: 9781645278641\nItem #: 49218\nOnhand Quantity : 24\nReview: -\n\nPrice: $17.95\n\nKey words: Animals, big cats, wildlife, tails, lions, tigers, cubs, behaviors, diet, appearance\nScience, Picture, Nonfiction , Jump!, Inc.\n\nAll titles in the 'Big Cats (Spanish)' Set (6 Titles at $107.70) SEE ALL >\n\nHow fast can a cheetah run? Why do tigers have stripes? Find the answers to these questions and more in Big Cats! Bright, full-color photographs and photo labels complement the carefully leveled text to make reading for understanding easy and fun.\n\nSimilar Titles (23 Titles at $415.89) SEE ALL >", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000072717666626}
{"content": "Slide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\nSlide background\n\n\n\nKant’s views about the nature of morality are put forward in his short work entitled ‘Groundwork on the Metaphysic of Morals’, first published in 1785 (the book is also sometimes referred to as ‘Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals’). Kant is the first philosopher to stress the importance to morality of *duty*, and of doing one’s duty for duty’s sake. (The term ‘deontological’ which is often used in referring to Kant’s moral theory, comes from the Greek word ‘deon’ meaning duty.) Deontological moral theories in general are in sharp contrast to consequentialist ones (e.g. which might require using someone as a means to an end - a notion that Biden brazenly claims to eschew in his speech mentioned above). For example, according to Kant, the *actual* consequences of our actions are irrelevant for the purposes of assessing their moral rectitude. His moral theory is thus in sharp contrast to utilitarianism and ethical egoism, which are both consequentialist in nature. Biden’s political history has been notoriously consequentialist, not deontological. Just like Hillary and Donald, he lies a lot. Lying is something that Kant expressly rejects but which is typically required by consequentialism. For example Biden is nowhere near the most progressive candidate for 2020, contrary to his claim that he is indeed the most progressive.\n\nWe normally think of the notion of duty as invoking specific requirements, arising due to one’s position in a particular setting; e.g. a social or economic one. For instance one has specific duties as a parent, employer, employee, etc. However, Kant’s notion of duty is much more general than this specific notion. In abstracting the concept of duty from its more usual specific sense, Kant wants to dissociate this more general notion from the idea that the reason one should fulfill one’s duty is in order that particular human social institutions can function properly.\n\nAs Richard Norman puts it in chapter six of his book ‘The Moral Philosophers’ (p.71):\n\n‘The fulfillment of ‘duty’ becomes simply an abstract moral requirement, not something required for the effective functioning of human social institutions. Duty is to be performed entirely for its own sake, not in order to promote human happiness or fulfillment.’\n\nWhen does an action have moral worth?\n\nFor Kant, for an action to have any moral worth, it must be performed for the sake of duty, and one acts for the sake of duty if one acts with the right intention or motive (i.e. one acts with a ‘good will’). To act with the right intention/motive is to do what one believes to be right simply because (one believes) that it is the right thing to do. One question that arises at this point, however, is whether Kant allows that an act can have moral worth if it is done from *mixed motives*, e.g. done because one can see that it is the right thing to do, but also e.g. because one is inclined to act like that (e.g. altruistically) anyway. Some philosophers have argued that on a charitable interpretation of Kant, he should be understood as saying that an action *can* have moral worth if it is done out of inclination, but only to the extent that it is done out of duty too. To put the same point slightly differently, it is being suggested that Kant thinks that *only if you would have done the action in question out of a sense of duty anyway* (i.e. even if you hadn’t been inclined to act like that too), can it count as having moral worth when you *are* inclined to so act.\n\nOf course, when someone is inclined to act altruistically, it is more difficult in that situation to determine whether the act is done out of a sense of duty too. It is easier to tell that an action has moral worth when motives conflict; such that one acts out of a sense of duty even when it is obvious that one is not inclined to act like that.\n\nFor example, Biden has a history of inappropriate conduct with women: he is inclined to be a bit creepy. If Joe Biden had done more to defend Anita Hill during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court hearings in 1991 (which he now claims would have been the right thing to do), this would have been evidence that he puts moral duty above self-interest. However, Biden “did not permit other witnesses to testify further on her behalf, such as Angela Wright (who made a similar charge) and experts on harassment” (Wikipedia on Joe Biden). Biden was Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee at the time and could have allowed Wright to testify, yet he refused (much like how witnesses were not allowed to testify during Brett Kavanaugh’s more recent Supreme Court hearing (following a hands-tied-behind-their-back one week FBI ‘investigation’)).\n\nThis is evidence that Biden is disingenuous in 2019 in letting people think that he believes that people should not be used as a means to an end. He still refuses to admit that he intended to do anything wrong, regarding Anita Hill. He clearly did not intend to do what is morally right with respect to the Kantian view he now professes to espouse.\n\nSimilarly, Biden claimed to be pro-choice in the face of recent (May 2019) attempts in southern states (Alabama in particular) to outlaw virtually all abortion. Those against abortion are hoping that this issue will eventually come before the Supreme Court (which currently has a conservative majority). If Biden’s political voting record had clearly showed he was in favor of pro-choice despite his personal Catholic religious views, this would have been evidence that he regarded it his moral duty to promote the (constitutional, secular) idea of a woman’s right to control her own body, despite personal religious self-interest (i.e. being prevented by the Catholic hierarchy from talking at Catholic schools etc.). Biden wants to pretend that a reconciliation between a secular and non-secular (Catholic) view of morality is possible.\n\nAs he has explicitly claimed - he thinks life begins at conception but doesn’t want to (federally) impose that view on you. That claim was less than convincing since Biden has voted in Congress that individual states should have the right to overturn Roe v Wade. Biden thus is ok with state legislature imposing their views on abortion (just like Trump) whilst appearing to be in favor of abortion at the federal level. You can’t consistently be in favor of pro-choice in one state but not in another. Biden fails the Kantian ethics test here - if something is morally permissible in one context, it’s permissible in all similar contexts.\n\nConsider also whether he passes the moral duty test on the issue of gay rights as a Catholic, or on a bold plan to combat climate change as a corporatist whose first act the day he officially announced was to meet with Comcast executives? As an African-American, do you think Biden’s crime-bill was motivated by his sense of moral duty or rather political self-interest?\n\nKant gives the example of a shopkeeper’s honest treatment of her customers to illustrate his point about the importance to morality of particular actions being done with the right motive. He isolates three different motives which might underlie the shopkeeper’s overt, outward behavior towards her customers. First, the shopkeeper’s motive might be self-interest; her honesty might be explained by the fact that she thinks that by treating her customers fairly, her business will benefit. Secondly, the shopkeeper might treat her customers honestly due to inclination to treat them like that – she might just enjoy being honest for example. Third, the shopkeeper may act as she does just because that’s what she thinks one ought to do, morally speaking. Only if the shopkeeper acts with this final sort of motive does her behavior towards her customers have any moral worth, Kant thinks. (One may personally like someone because of their philanthropy, but this has no bearing on whether their action has any moral worth, thinks Kant. Similarly, although it may not necessarily be wrong to act out of self-interest, such a motive is not morally praiseworthy, in Kant’s view.)\n\nSo, in order for an act to be morally right, it must be done with the right sort of motive. However, this is not all that is required; an act must also be morally permissible in order for the act to be morally right. Kant claims that we can discriminate between morally permissible and impermissible acts by subjecting the acts in question to a test – that supplied by the categorical imperative.\n\nKant’s categorical imperative\n\nThere is, strictly speaking, only one categorical imperative (three other formulations are allegedly derived from this one). It can be stated as follows:\n\n\n(‘Act only so as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of any other, never solely as a means but always also as an end.’ derives from the above main categorical imperative according to Kant.)\n\nKant claims that moral requirements are categorical, i.e. unconditional, strictly binding, and independent of our interests or projects, applying equally to everyone who can act morally – they are objective in that sense. He contrasts categorical imperatives with hypothetical imperatives, which are conditional upon our interests and desires. For example, the following is an instance of a hypothetical imperative:\n\nIf you want to become President of the United States of America, you should lie about your past and be vague about your future policies\n\nNote the conditional form of the imperative (‘imperative’ means ‘command’). *Given the hypothesis* that you want to get to become President, then you should lie. But if you don’t want to become President, no reason has been given why you should lie. If I’d made the above conditional statement to you, but it turned out that you weren’t running for President, then I should be required to *withdraw* my claim that you should lie.\n\nHowever, Kant thinks that moral requirements are not hypothetical, but are rather categorical in nature. Moral requirements are not conditional upon our particular goals or interests, only binding on us assuming the hypothesis that we happen to want certain things. On the contrary, moral requirements (e.g. ‘you ought to tell the truth’) are supposed to provide us with *a reason for acting* (e.g. telling the truth, keeping promises etc.) *regardless* of what our goals, desires, or interests are. Moral requirements are categorical, claims Kant, involving imperatives of the form ‘you should do X!’.\n\nKant’s main categorical imperative involves some rather technical terminology. One important term which appears in it is ‘maxim’. We can understand a maxim as a subjective general principle or rule, which we take to justify an action in a particular case. For example, if I (as President of the U.S.A.) want more money for my billionaire friends and can get some by throwing thirty million people off their health insurance, then I will do so even though I know I have no health insurance alternative for the thirty million people in question. My maxim in performing the act of asking for the money could be stated as follows:\n\nWhenever I want money for my billionaire friends and can get it by throwing 30 million people off their health insurance, then I will do that even though I know I haven’t got any health insurance alternative for such people (I lied about promising them a better insurance plan).\n\nThe maxim is general, since if I adopt it, I commit myself to behaving in the described way *whenever* I want money (as President) and the other conditions are satisfied – i.e. not just in this one case. Since money is debt, I can run up debt with other countries e.g. China, depending on the U.S. military to prevent me from having to pay back that debt. So if I want more money for my billionaire friends I will lie about there being a need for a war in Iraq (promoting Halliburton stock like Dick Cheney did) or Iran, North Korea. etc.\n\nThe essence of Kant’s main categorical imperative is that whatever I (e.g. as President of the U.S.A.) consider doing, in order for it to be morally permissible, it must be something that I could consistently (i.e. without contradiction) accept that all (e.g. American Presidents) do.\n\nApplication of the categorical imperative\n\nAccording to Kant, we have a duty to refrain from making lying promises, a duty to refrain from suicide, a duty to develop our talents, and a duty to help others. Just considering the first of these four examples, Kant thinks that an action is morally permissible only if its underlying maxim can be willed to become a universal law. So, in particular, the action of making a lying promise is only morally permissible if its underlying maxim could be willed to become a universal law. In the case of the President of the USA, the maxim could be stated as follows:\n\nWhen I want money (for me and my friends) and can get some by borrowing it on a false promise, then I shall borrow the money and promise to repay, even though I know that I won’t be able to repay (but the U.S. military will ensure that I won’t have to repay).\n\nHowever, if one attempts to will that this maxim could become a universal law (i.e. that the maxim is generally applicable), one attempts to will the following:\n\nWhenever *any* President wants money for himself / herself and friends and can get some by borrowing it on a false promise, then he / she will borrow the money and promise to repay it, even though he / she knows that he / she won’t be able to repay (but the U.S. military funded by your taxes will ensure that he / she won’t have to repay).\n\nKant would argue that if the individually applicable maxim were to be accepted as a universal law, applying to any President, the possibility of gaining an advantage from one’s own act of lying as President would be undermined. For if the maxim were universally accepted, no one should believe that whenever some other President promised they would pay back some money, that they were being told the truth. But a necessary condition for the success of one’s own lie is that it *is* believed. So to will that everyone accept this maxim would be to will a situation in which gaining money from the act of making a false promise is impossible. No one should be foolish enough to lend someone else money on the basis that the other person promises to pay the money back, if everyone accepts that anyone can promise to pay back money even when they have no intention of doing so.\n\nKant thinks that if one tries to will that the above maxim be universally accepted, one can see that one can’t do it, since one would be willing that everyone can act according to that maxim, and make lying promises to try to borrow money, but in doing so one would also be willing a situation in which no one could make lying promises to try to borrow money. (A necessary condition for making a lying promise is that it is believed, but this is precisely what is being ruled out by willing that everyone can make lying promises.) Since this is so, says Kant, no one can consistently will that the maxim underlying making such a lying promise could become a universal law. So according to the categorical imperative, making such a lying promise is not morally permissible.\n\nKant had not foreseen the American corporate main stream media propaganda machine, whose function it is to fool you into believing the lies of politicians, especially with regard to war.\n\nBernie Sanders’ record, rather than Joe Biden’s is one of acting from a sense of moral duty. Unlike Biden, Bernie has put moral duty before self-interest his whole life in fighting for progressive issues and policies when it was unpopular to do so e.g. opposing regime change wars, espousing a minimum livable wage, advocating true Medicare for all, free college tuition, criminal justice reform, bold action on climate change etc.\n\nJoe Biden is not a Kantian, despite his Pittsburgh speech writers’ claims to the contrary. He is another ethical egoist (just like Hillary and Trump) who think that lying (or anything at all) is morally acceptable if it furthers their own (i.e. their corporate donors’) political interests.\n\nJake Tapper of CNN introduces this next vid claiming that Joe Biden is towering over Democratic competitors for the party’s nomination for President in Spring 2019. That claim was based on skewed polls in which the views of Democratic Party voters under the age of 50 were not represented, whilst the views of such voters older than 50 were over-represented.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9871208071708679}
{"content": "10th Class Science Metals and Non-metals Question Bank 10th CBSE Science Metals and Non-metals\n\n  • question_answer\n      Give reasons: (i) Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in HNO3                                        [NCERT Exemplar] (ii)Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg. (iii) Nad is not a conductor of electricity in solid state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous solution as well as in molten state. (iv) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature.\n\n\n                      (i) Due to the formation of a layer of oxide, i.e., Al2O3. (ii) Na or Mg are more reactive metals as compared to carbon. (iii) (in) In solid NaCI, the movement of ions is not possible due to its rigid structure but in aqueous solution or molten state, the ions can move freely. (iv) They are highly reactive.\n\nYou need to login to perform this action.\nYou will be redirected in 3 sec spinner", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8638272285461426}
{"content": "Question: What Type Of Government Did Hobbes Believe In?\n\nWhat does Hobbes say about war?\n\nHobbes also considers humans to be naturally vainglorious and so seek to dominate others and demand their respect.\n\nThe natural condition of mankind, according to Hobbes, is a state of war in which life is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short” because individuals are in a “war of all against all” (L 186)..\n\nWhat is the Leviathan according to Hobbes?\n\n\nWhat is Hobbes view on human nature?\n\nHobbes believed that in man’s natural state, moral ideas do not exist. Thus, in speaking of human nature, he defines good simply as that which people desire and evil as that which they avoid, at least in the state of nature. Hobbes uses these definitions as bases for explaining a variety of emotions and behaviors.\n\nWhat is Hobbes social contract theory?\n\nThe condition in which people give up some individual liberty in exchange for some common security is the Social Contract. Hobbes defines contract as “the mutual transferring of right.” In the state of nature, everyone has the right to everything – there are no limits to the right of natural liberty.\n\nWhat did Locke say about government?\n\nLocke believed that in a state of nature, no one’s life, liberty or property would be safe because there would be no government or laws to protect them. This is why people agreed to form governments. According to Locke, governments do no exist until people create them.\n\nWhat did Hobbes believe about government?\n\n\n\n\nWhat were Locke and Montesquieu’s views on government?\n\nThey read John Locke’s work about natural law and the social contract, and Baron de Montesquieu’s work about separation of powers. Locke believed that the purpose of government is to protect individual liberties and the natural rights of life, liberty and property.\n\nWhat type of government does Hobbes support and why?\n\n\nWhat is the difference between Locke and Hobbes?\n\nLocke believed that we have the right to life as well as the right to just and impartial protection of our property. Any violation of the social contract would one in a state of war with his fellow countrymen. Conversely, Hobbes believed that if you simply do what you are told, you are safe.\n\nDid Thomas Hobbes believe in democracy?\n\nHobbes social contract is not about democracy. On the contrary, his contract defines that citizens should band together and jointly submit to the rule of a strong and autocratic king. Such an unlimited power is namely the only measure, that can check the greed and selfishness of man, and ensure law and order.\n\nWhy did Hobbes think absolute monarchy was the best form of government?\n\nBecause of Hobbes’ pessimistic view of human nature, he believed the only form of government strong enough to hold humanity’s cruel impulses in check was absolute monarchy, where a king wielded supreme and unchecked power over his subjects.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9966278672218323}
{"content": "These are turbulent times, particularly for accountants, says ACCA Council member Sharon Critchlow. We like order and controls, yet now we have a business, social and community environment which is anything but under control.\n\nClients and colleagues may be looking to us to find a solid solution in an ever-changing situation. However, our need to do the best job possible while under this pressure can feel overwhelming.\n\nHaving examined initial structures for the change to home working and keeping your team on track it is now time to focus on yourself.\n\nHere are three thoughts to help you to thrive:\n\nTake a tip from emotional intelligence\n\nEmotional intelligence starts with self-awareness and being able to identify your emotions as they arise. If you are feeling “stressed”, is it really fear, overwhelm or confusion?\n\nDescribe to yourself in as much detail as you can, how you really feel. Write it down if it helps you to get your thoughts straight.\n\nAcknowledge that your thoughts are justified and understand that emotions are not good or bad, they are just emotions. If you feel you can share it with someone else, it may help to get clarity. Understanding what it really is may help you to avoid being in that position too often and allow you to build an appropriate response mechanism.\n\nWhen you feel this emotion rising, pause and acknowledge it. Then decide what outcome you would like. While lots of our buttons may get pushed, we can always choose how we react. Outcome-focused responses focus on the long-term result and the bigger picture.\n\nYou can also improve your emotional intelligence by:\n\n  • Controlling your self-talk. What are you telling yourself? Replace judgement statements such as ‘I’m an idiot’ with factual statements such as ‘I made a mistake’ and accept responsibility for your actions.\n  • Speaking to someone who is not emotionally invested to get a wider perspective.\n  • Visiting your personal values and deciding if your actions or responses reflect your values.\n\nMastering emotional intelligence, or Emotional Quotient, is a key skill identified by both ACCA in its research Professional Accountants - the Future and by the United Nations as a top 10 skill for 2020. The bottom line here is showing up as a whole human being, being unafraid of transparency and working towards improving communication and relationships.\n\nIt’s OK not to be OK\n\nWe all have mental health the same as we all have physical health. Sometimes it’s great, sometimes it’s challenging.\n\nIf current events are giving you sleepless nights and leaving you with a heightened state of worry, just remember it’s OK not to be OK. These times will test the resolve of all of us. Check out and for helpful support and resources.\n\nEven before this crisis, one in four of us lived with anxiety and depression, so you are in good productive company and there is a way through this. If you are constantly anxious, try writing an ‘Anxiety Diary’ by writing down the things which are concerning yourself the most at the moment. Check on it in two weeks’ time, did any of it actually happen?\n\nTo counteract anxious feelings, also make a list before you go to bed of 10 good things in your life. They could be as simple as the sun coming out today, or something which made you laugh. What are you grateful for? By doing this just before bedtime you give your brain a chance to refocus on the positive and to create some dopamine to help you to relax.\n\nCreate a new wellbeing routine\n\nYou’ve had to adapt to a new way of living and working, so now is the time to make sure your wellbeing habits adapt, too.\n\nReview your current habits around food, hydration and sleep. Are you eating a variety of foods which are good for you? If you are living off caffeine, remember to take plenty of water with it and to avoid it in the afternoon to get better sleep.\n\nConsider your wind-down routine before you go to sleep. Switch off the tech, take a bath, listen to soothing music and make sure the room is dark enough for you to sleep. Try Rain Rain as an app to play to help you to get better sleep with natural sounds, or the Insight Timer Meditation app.\n\nSmall changes can have a huge impact. Whatever you decide to do, now is not the time to berate yourself for how you feel or for making ‘bad choices’. Let it go and embrace tomorrow with a different approach.\n\nYou can find more from Sharon Critchlow, ACCA Council member, here and also the previous support, Your wellbeing during hard times and Ideas for team wellbeing.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7998273968696594}
{"content": "Representative image by Aasif Saifi from Pixabay\n\nMagnetic refrigeration technology is energy efficient and environmentally\nfriendly and reduces operational and maintenance costs as it does not\nrequire any refrigerants or components such as a compressor and can\ncreate a high demand.\n\nAccording to the market research report “Magnetic Refrigeration Market Global\nForecast to 2027”, by MarketsandMarkets, the Magnetic Refrigeration Market is\nexpected to be commercialized by 2022 at USD 4 million. It is expected to grow at\nCAGR of 105.4% from 2022 to 2027 to reach USD 165 million by 2027.\n\nThe market includes players like Ubiblue (France), Haier Smart Home Co., Ltd\n(China), Camfridge Ltd (UK), Astronautics Corporation of America (US), and\nVacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG (Germany). However, many players are expected\nto enter this market owing to its advantages over conventional refrigeration systems.\n\nMagnetic refrigeration offers a green cooling technology enabling manufacturers\nto reduce their carbon footprint. The impact of global warming is one of the major\nchallenges faced by the refrigeration and air conditioning industry. Increasing global\nconcerns to reduce polluting emissions, especially gases, which are harmful to the\nEarth’s environment, have created the need for alternative source for cooling\npurposes. Magnetic refrigeration has huge potential for the refrigeration market, as it\ndoes not use refrigerants and consumes less energy. Many countries are focusing on\nphasing out environmentally harmful refrigerants, such as HCFCs. Such initiatives\nprovide opportunities for the magnetic refrigeration market.\n\nBased on primary responses, the magnetic refrigeration market for the refrigeration\nsystem is assumed to be commercialized by 2022, and for the air conditioning\nsystem, the market is assumed to be commercialized by 2023, with products, such\nas cabinet displays and beverage coolers. Increasing efforts of players to develop\nand offer various products based on the magnetic refrigeration technology is a major\ndriving factor of the market.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9930363893508911}
{"content": "Crossword Genius\n\nAffair involving Yankee swimmer's sport (3-7)\n\n\nI believe the answer is:\n\n\nHere is my best explanation:\n\n'sport' is the definition.\n(fly-fishing is a kind of sport)\n\n'affair involving yankee swimmer's' is the wordplay.\n'affair' becomes 'fling' (I have seen 'Brief affair' mean 'fling' so perhaps 'affair' could also mean 'fling').\n'involving' means one lot of letters goes inside another.\n'yankee' becomes 'y' (phonetic alphabet: alpha, bravo, charlie etc.).\n'swimmer' becomes 'fish' (fish is a kind of aquatic vertebrate**).\n'fling' placed around 'yfish' is 'FLY-FISHING'.\n\nThis clue was last seen in The Guardian", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9648930430412292}
{"content": "Derivation of electric potential energy of a system of two point charges in the absence of external electric field\n\nWe have to consider two charges q​1 , q2​, located at r1 and r​2 respectively. The work done in bringing charge q​1  from infinity to r​1 is zero because there is no potential in absence of electrical field.\nWork done in bring the charge q2from infinty to r2  against the field due to charge  q1 is = q1V\nwhere V  is potential at point r2 due to the charge q1.\n\nAs, V= q1/4πε0r12\nwhere 'r12' is the distance between charge 'q1 ' and 'q2 '.\n\n Therefore potential energy of the system is given by the total work done in bring the two charges from infinity to their respective points.\n\nU = 0 + q2q1/4πε0r12\n\nU = q2q1/4πε0r12\n\n  • 21\n\ni also wanted to ask the same quesation.. da\n\n  • -14\nWhat are you looking for?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.970540463924408}
{"content": "Can you learn to cultivate a positive perspective? Can that help your overcome setbacks in life?\n\nAccording to Martin Seligman, the founding father of Positive Psychology, the school of Psychology, which focuses on the positive aspects of human behaviour and characteristics, we can create a positive perspective of life to enhance our well-being (psychological and physical).\n\nIntentionally believing that one will experience good outcomes in life is called Optimism. Owing to the uncertainties of life, both personally and professionally, it is safe to say that we will inevitably face setbacks and challenges. Even during setbacks and challenging times, Optimism can play a role in how we explain them, which will greatly influence our response to such situations. One can either bounce back from it or yield to it.\n\nHow does a simple belief that everything will work out, in the end, help us be Resilient and overcome challenges and setbacks?\n\n  • In crisis situations, we often feel helpless. Optimism reduces this sense of helplessness by helping us take constructive actions. Optimists often consider being in control of the situation rather than the situation being in control of them.\n  • Optimists are more likely to address situations proactively, therefore, protecting themselves from the adverse impacts of stressful situations.\n  • Optimists may motivate others to look at the positive outcome of situations, which serves as an additional support resource for them as well, where they realize that they are not alone in the situation.\n  • Being optimistic also allows one to segregate challenges or difficulties into compartments where that particular situation does not affect other aspects of their professional and personal life.\n\nAs research has found that only 25% of our optimism or pessimism is hereditary, we can clearly take steps to develop it. How do we develop this positive outlook?\n\n  • Take time to understand how you think about negative situations in your life. Do you feel they are temporary, or will they last a long-time? Will it permeate to different aspects of your life, or will it be restricted to that situation only?\n  • Identify your locus of control. Do you give yourself due credit for success or attribute it completely to external factors?\n    Intentionally think about the best-case scenario and how you can reach there.\n  • Zoom out from the situation and reflect, will the situation still seem so invincible in the near future?\n\nWhile having a positive outlook in all situations seems appealing, this may lead to denying the significance and seriousness associated and may deter one from taking constructive actions. This is Blind Optimism, wherein individuals are likely to rely heavily on having a positive outlook and may ignore or gloss over the risks involved.\n\n\n― Victor Hugo, Les Misérables", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9888819456100464}
{"content": "\nMYTH #74: Carbon dioxide is plant food\n\n\nCO2 helps agriculture flourish. It is the gas of life.\n\n\nPlants need water, but is a flood a good way to water your crops? Too much carbon dioxide is bad news.\n\nTo grow, plants need three main things: sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. But that doesn’t mean we can jump to the conclusion that more carbon dioxide will be good for plants. More isn’t always better. A flood is not a good way to supply water to a forest. While experiments have shown that some plants respond well to higher carbon dioxide levels, others have shown that abnormally high levels of carbon dioxide can cause damage. Keep in mind that as carbon dioxide increases, temperatures also increase, rainfall patterns change, and some kinds of extreme weather events become more common and severe. This certainly spells bad news for plants. Don’t believe me? Ask the peanut farmers in drought-ridden Texas. Find out about the wine grapes in Australia and California, or the African cacao trees that are used to make chocolate. Climate change has not been kind to these plants so far.\n\nAdditional info from Climate Central\n\nPlants need CO2 to live. So is more of it a good thing?\n\nWe do not yet know enough to make adequate projections of the global trends for plant life in a world with higher levels of carbon dioxide, or CO2. It is clear, however, that there can be both positive and negative responses.\n\n\nSo, if we’re putting more CO2 into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, you might expect plants to grow better. But the story is not quite that simple. When biologists have grown crops like wheat, soybeans, and rice inside greenhouses with extra CO2 present, the plants have indeed grown more rapidly and more abundantly. For the past several years, scientists all over the world have also been doing a series of experiments called “Free-Air Concentration Enrichment,” or FACE. Instead of using greenhouses, they grow crops in open fields to give them the most natural environment possible and pump in extra CO2 from a network of pipes.\n\nThe results of these experiments have shown that the crops do not thrive as well in this environment. Plants do need CO2, but they also need water, nitrogen and other nutrients. Increase one of these without increasing the others and there’s a limit to how much the plants will benefit. Some do not grow much more at all. Others, like wheat, grow bigger but end up with less nitrogen. As a result, insects end up eating more to get the nitrogen they need. The nutritional value of food plants would be similarly reduced for other animals — including humans. Also, we could end up with vegetables that have too much carbon — perhaps producing spinach that would be very tough to chew!\n\nAdapted from © Climate Central", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5264210104942322}
{"content": "Functoid - Divide\n\nDivide Functoid\n\nDescription: The Divide Functoid will divide the data provided to input ParamA and the data provided to ParamB and is often used in combination with the IndexOf Functiod and Substring Functoid. Related functoids: Inputs with their allowed values:\n\nPicture of the Divide Functoid\n\nRemark: When connected to an input that provides text or floating point values, the output value of the Functoid will be Null. Example: Example 1: See Figure 1.\n\n\nExample 2: See Figure 2.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9775724411010742}
{"content": "Isla Jéchica\n\nFound in the Aisen region, this island is a natural sanctuary for flora and fauna and is pretty much untouched.\n\nMap of Isla Jéchica\n\nNearby landmarks\n\nTrips that visit Isla Jéchica\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9860983490943909}
{"content": "\n\nCOVID-19: Read our latest information here.\n\nNews and Views\n\nIn the event of Brexit, we are likely to see considerable weakness in the short term, more so in currencies than equities.  This seems pretty clear given that the sharpest moves that we are seeing on a day-to-day basis following poll data are in the currency markets not equities. On the 14 June 2016, the UK markets dropped below 6,000 for the first time since February 2016, with much of the fall attributed to Brexit fears.  The pound is likely to drop against the US dollar and the Japanese yen, with people looking to those currencies as safe havens. Europe itself perhaps has more to lose, should the UK leave, as it is possible that other countries will have to leave as well (for example Italy, Spain, France, and the Netherlands etc.) \n\nThe future of the EU as we know it will be uncertain.\n\nA fall of around 10-20% for sterling has been muted. John said “I think that this is a bit extreme and arguably we’ve already seen some of this fall and perhaps we could see a 5-10% fall against the US dollar and Japanese yen in the short term, but I can’t see it falling against the euro.” Brexit could well mean lower interest rates and the Bank of England may cut rates to stimulate growth. Even the US could delay interest rate hikes due to the uncertainty. John said “I doubt the reaction for the stock market will be as severe given the proportion of overseas revenues which we see in the UK top 100 companies. That said, a knee-jerk sell off is very likely in the immediate term.  We can expect bonds to continue to perform well as interest rate expectations are cut.  We favour government and high quality corporate bonds.”\n\nThe greatest fear for the Remain campaign is in the case of an Exit, losing access to the EU’s Single Market would threaten our export market.  The EU accounts for 44% of our exports.  If we leave, we will need to draw up new trade arrangements with the EU and other countries around the world.  However, the other side of the coin here is that the EU accounts for 52% of UK imports.  We are the second largest importer of products from Germany.  Therefore the EU is unlikely to wish to rock the boat too much by imposing tariffs and the like because it may risk them losing a crucial customer.\n\nCurrently the UK runs a deficit of £125bn on goods, which is partly offset by a surplus on services of around £90bn.  Goods, for example machinery, transportation, and chemicals, are still important and account for 56% of total exports.  If the UK were to leave the EU there would be an uncertain impact on these numbers.\n\nAlthough there is a transition period of 2 years for any country leaving the EU, we would need to establish new trading models for the future period.\n\nThe primary models which we could follow are:\n\n  1. Norway, for example, enjoys favourable agreement as part of the European Economic Area (EEA) with free movement of goods, capital, services and people in the EU, opting out of policies on agriculture and fisheries.  But this has reduced influence on regulation, there is little scope for gaining substantial extra freedoms as it will still be necessary to adopt EU rules but not all of them.  The UK would still have to pay a contribution to the EU budget, probably at a much reduced rate (but at least half of current levels, net pay £10.4bn). \n  2. Switzerland has negotiated its own bilateral agreements under the European Free Trade Association but still has to contribute to the EU budget; under this agreement there are no passporting rights for banks which would make it more expensive for foreign banks to set up local operations and UK firms cannot sell freely into the EU.  The UK could lose the ability to provide cross-border financial services and London’s leading position in financial services could be threatened as Investment Banking activities for example may be undermined.  Only partial access to Single Market (e.g. some tariffs for agricultural products).\n  3. The last and worst option is the World Trade Organisation option, following the most favoured nation rules.  Here the UK would be subject to the same tariffs that the EU charges non-members.  However, global tariffs have fallen from over 8% in 1990 to around 4% today.\n\nBecause of the transition period, nothing is going to change overnight in the real economy. John said “Debt saturation and the aging business cycle are greater concerns than Brexit for me.  The trade deficit is not going to go away.” If the pound gets weaker, it will provide a short term boost to exports, provided that we can keep on trading with our partners.  There is certainly going to be uncertainty in the short term although arguably the long term prospects will be better as the UK will be free to negotiate individual trade arrangements, particularly with the likes of China and Hong Kong, rather than rely on the EU. \n\nAdvantages to the City of London predate the EU in terms of the legal system, language, time zone, access to skilled labour so little change is expected here.  Is the Lloyd’s of London Insurance market, for example, likely to close down over night? Probably not.\n\nExporters to the US will benefit from a weaker pound, for example Industrials (Aerospace).  Other service based firms with a high proportion of US revenues should do well.  UK/European focused businesses are likely to perform less well. Domestic Travel & Leisure operators may do well, as more overseas visitors take advantage of a cheaper pound.\n\nTo find out more about how a Brexit would affect your portfolio, call us on 0800 877 8866.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6731001138687134}
{"content": "Stop Relating Trace Temperature to Current Density\n\nReading time ( words)\n\nMany design engineers and even many software suppliers make the significant mistake of equating changes in trace or via temperature with current density. This is incorrect at best and dangerous at worst. There is little if any correlation between temperature and current density. Current and trace dimensions (among other things) are the relevant variables, but current density is not. I hope by the end of this article you will see why. Here are four illustrations that will help you understand this.\n\n1. Current Density Is Not an Independent Measure\n\nWe can understand that the change in trace (and via) temperatures are a function of other variables. Thus, we can formulate the following as two possible relationships (all other things equal). Let:\n\nC = current\nJ = current density\nw = trace width\nth = trace thickness\nΔT = change in trace temperature\n\nThen, we can suggest the following:\nEquation 1: ΔT = fn(C, w, th)\nEquation 2: ΔT = fn(J, w, th)\n\nNow, the question is, “Are both of these relationships true, or, if not, is either one true?” We know from the extensive experimental evaluations reported in IPC-2152 that Equation 1 is true, so is Equation 2 also true? From Equations 1 and 2, it follows that:\n\nEquation 1a: C = fn(ΔT, w, th)\nEquation 2a: J = fn(ΔT, w, th)\n\nTo read this entire article, which appeared in the September 2020 issue of Design007 Magazine, click here.\n\n\n\nSuggested Items\n\n\n01/15/2021 | Andy Shaughnessy, Design007 Magazine\n\nTTM’s Approach to Stackup Design: Train the Customer\n\n01/12/2021 | I-Connect007 Editorial Team\n\n\n12/31/2020 | Andy Shaughnessy, Design007 Magazine\n\nCopyright © 2021 I-Connect007. All rights reserved.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8756036162376404}
{"content": "How many dreams can you have on one night?\n\nYou can experience a few dreams on a single night. You can wake up after a dream, then fall asleep again. Then you may see another dream, and wake up again. Sometimes, your body wants you to wake up, to go to the bathroom. Your sleep is interrupted. You fall back to sleep, and may see a new dream, or you may think your first dream was continued. Many people can’t recall all their dreams on one night. They usually remember the last dream before waking up. People who wish to recall dreams, should write them down immediately after waking up, when the impressions are still fresh. After waking up, the first activity is to go to the bathroom and the brain has new input of stimuli as it processes the activities of toileting, washing the face, brushing the teeth and etc. The older impressions of the dream are displaced by the new impressions. Thus the dream is forgotten as the temporary shor term memory is not reinforced by dwelling upon it to make a deeper impression.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9977630972862244}
{"content": "Radar Sensor\n\nI was trying to fake AI by putting in different sensors and having the enemy (a cube) walk up to you and stop when he gets close. I made it so that if you bumped into him he’d turn around and chase you, and I wanted to give him periferal vision so if he saw you walking passed he would turn and chase you.\n\nThe easiest method was a Radar sensor, so I made an empty that shot one out and had it parented to my cube-enemy. When I walked passed him to test out his vision, the radar worked, but more as a collision sensor that slammed into my guy and pushed him off the map. I managed to get around the problem just by using normal ray sensors but I’m still quirious as to why the radar would do that.\n\n\nI have also a problem to add some AI to an animated character.\n\nI have set Sumo instead of Bullet for the Physics Engine, because the character who is animated by actions on his armature was flying away when using Bullets.\n\nI have added an Empty parented to the armature (because the armature has the axis in the wrong direction, so I cant use Positive Y axis for the Radar sensor) and used this Empty as radar sensor.\n\nThe goal is to make the character avoid obstacles instead of being sticked against the walls and walking stupidly on place.\n\nI have connected a message actuator to the Radar sensor, and when the message is sent to the armature, a message sensor applied to the armature is supposed to read the message and switch on an action with a superior priority (0 instead of 1 for the ordinary walk cycle), and the character should turn on the right…\n\nI can’t make it work.\n\nI have added a sound actuator, and the message seems to be decoded, but the action is not played…\n\n\nThe near sensor works pretty good for me. I’ve found the radar sensor to be unusable, usually causing the character to fly off in wierd directions. The ray sensor works off and on. I had to give up using it because it wasn’t dependable in the game I’m working on now. Sometimes it would work great, other times it would not work. It might have been a conflict or something, I’m not sure. It seemed to work good when there weren’t too many walls around, but when there were walls around, it started giving false signals.\n\n\nI have tried something else :\n\nI have done this trial only on a simple scene with a moving cube instead of a character animated by actions.\n\nI have added 2 invisibles deformed cubes onthe right and on the left of the object supposed to be the character, and these cubes are parented to this object.\n\nThe 2 deformed cubes are set as touch sensors, and send messages (Turn Right, Turn Left) to the main object which has motion actuators receiving the messages from 2 messages sensors.\n\nI couldnt get it work…\n\nSo I have tried something else, applying 2 different kinds of obstacles, and adding them a touch sensor sending the messages above, instead of leaving the cubes parented to the “character” object send the messages.\n\nThis seems to work…\n\n\nI’m afraid that I’ll have to search much more before trying with the real animated character…\n\n\n\njust guessing, but ,if your meshes are flying off the armatures usualy means that you have not ticked the actor>ghost button ,in the logic blocks window for your armature.\n\nwell… anything in general that explodes, and is made up of 2 or more seperate objects, usualy means that you have 2 solid actors inside each other.\n\nTrust me, you really do not want to use SUMO.\nhope this helps :slight_smile:\n\n\nI have noticed that in my first trials, but it is not the case here.\n\nI have got one armature and it’s mesh. First, the actor was the armature, and the mesh was not actor. It worked fine using SUMO. I have read that BULLETS doesn’t allows Dynamics on armatures.\n\nI can’t make the armature as ghost and the mesh as Actor and Dynamic, because as the parent is the armature, contacts with obstacles will displace the mesh away from the armature!\n\nIf I set the armature as actor and ghost, the character will pass through the obstacles…\n\nWell, this can be solved using SUMO for physics engine, but the AI problem itself is not solved…\n\nI have tried also to avoid using Dynamics on the character and faking all the behaviour (avoiding obstacles) with sensors and actuators, but the character will not be able to climb slopes or stairs… Also, the sensors seems to not react as they are supposed to do.\n\n\nI’m working on IA as well.\nBut in python. I had two cubes, and two empties for each. One cube was on top of the other. The empties were in two corners of each cube, with ray sensors.\n\nThe upper cube always faced the target object. If none of the empties detected any obstacles the lower cube would take the same direction and start to move. If a wall is detected the lower cube starts to turn untill the raysensors are negative. Then it starts to move, until the upper cubes raysensors are free as well, then the lower cube turns to the right direction again.\n\nMy greatest trouble is how to make the cube decide which way to turn, I’m thinking of a very complicated code with maybe .getHitObject().getOwner().getOrientation() or something, or just simply randomize a direction… I will post a .blend if I get succesfull\n\nHi! this sounds interesting, but as I’m really hopeless at programming, I am afraid that I will not even understand one unique line of Python code… :o\n\nBut as a former electronician, your method seems to be what is called in french “écartométrie différentielle”.\n\nI 'm not able to translate it… It is a method used in robotics to keep a trajectory using photo diodes , Operationnals Amplifiers and some hardware logic. The same method used in the tracking system of missiles driven by heat sources.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9363656640052795}
{"content": "Shapekeys and armatures\n\nHi, I’m trying to rig a character model of a robot for VRChat and I’m trying to make some custom animations for this model.\n\nIt has a few opening panels and a folding blade in one arm.\n\nI have the character all rigged, but now I’m trying to setup shapekeys for the moving parts.\n\nI’ve been told that I’m doing this wrong and that I should be using key frames to animate my model. But I’m not making an animation, I’m making a game character, and VRChat uses shapekeys for custom animations.\n\nKeyframes allows me to move the parts but I can’t see a way for me to set those as a shapekey.\n\nMoving the meshes for the objects and creating shapekeys manually doesn’t work correctly either.\nIf I set the mesh destination, then try to pose the character, the object then warps to that point instead of opening like it should.\n\nWhat I have tried so far:\n\nSetting a shapekey for the item, making a driver for it, assigning the armature and bone for the driver and it’s intended use.\n\nThis bears no fruit. I try to change the shapekeys value and nothing happens.\n\nI’ve also tried using the driver constraint addon.\n\nThis just gives me an odd error message and I get no result.\n\nCan anyone help?\n\nWelcome to BA!\n\nYou cannot use shapekeys to rotate parts of a mesh, because the vertices affected by the shapekeys will always move in a straight line from rest position (shapekey value 0) to applied position (shapekey value 1) or anything in between. I know nothing about VRChat, so cannot help further, other than to say you need to find a way to use object rotation, based on different meshes for each part, or armatures.\n\nCheers, Clock.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7013357281684875}
{"content": "Vertex colors and textures\n\n\nI made a plane with grass texture, now i want to paint vertex with different colors.\n\nMy problem is, in GLSL mode (Game Engine), vertex colors are not showing over the grass texture.\nIf the plane has no texture, i can see vertex colors over the plane in Game Engine.\n\nHow can i make vertex colors to mix with textures in game engine?\n\n\nTry changing the texture blend mode to something other than Mix\nEnable ‘Vertex Color Paint’ option in the material options\n\nIt works, but the texture looks not very good… it is a texture with transparent parts i’ll try more changes.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9986580610275269}
{"content": "Wierd particle behavoir on a frac plane\n\nI made a plane, and subdivided it fractally a couple of times and made it a particle emitor.\n\nFor particle setting, I left everthing default except the life and end and put a force of -1.0 in the z axis.\n\nThis should make the particles fall down, right?\n\nWell, instead, the particles go up above the plane, and then fall down.\n\nWhy? It works properly on a regularly subdivided plane, why not on a fractal one? I have 0.0 for the normal speed.\n\nAny thoughts?\n\nTry increasing the Keys value (top right of the particle settings), especially if they have a long life.\n\nMaybe check your normals?\n\nNah, he said the initial speed was 0\n\nI just tried it, if you turn the life way up, then they do go up for a bit before coming back down again - turning keys up a lot too fixes it (but takes longer to calculate)\n\nIf you double the life and double the keys, then the quality of the path stays about the same.\n\n\nyah, it seems that increasing the keys does solve the problem.\n\nIt does seem weird that with no other force acting on them, they go up first, then go down.\n\nOh well, at least there is a why to solve it.\n\nThanks again guys. :smiley:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.923019528388977}
{"content": "COVID-19 data source finder\n\nThe Data Source Finder tool tells you exactly where to find the data you need for a given story. (Or for a Facebook post, or an argument with your friend, and so forth.)  The tool includes detailed annotations on 16 data sources which we consider the primary COVID-19 sources in the U.S.\n\nHere’s how to use it. You start out by selecting the geographic scale on which you’d like to see data (global, U.S. states, counties, or cities), then choose the type of metric you’re looking for. The tool will return your options, including each dataset’s available metrics, methodologies, update schedule, download links, and more.\n\nFind the full annotations here.\n\nComments? Questions? Corrections? Email", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9932253360748291}
{"content": "Germany: Syrian Child Refugees from Tajikistan Arrested for Terror Plot on US Base\n\nDo you know what a Tajik is?\n\nNeither do I.\n\nBut I do know Sweden needs at least 50 million of them if they hope to survive.\n\nHuffington Post:\n\n\n\n\n\n\n5 Moslem terrorists in a row, and four of them aren’t named some variant of Mohammed.\n\nThis must be what winning the lottery feels like, except for the actually getting money part.\n\n\n\n\n\nWho in Albania is worth $40K and where do you collect after you do the job?\n\nAsking out of curiosity.\n\nSome of you might be aware that there’s no actual Syrian civil war raging in Tajikistan – not yet, at least – but they did actually have a civil war after they split from the Soviet Union, one that lasted over 5 years and, though it killed relatively few people, left over 10% of the population displaced and caused massive economic destruction, which is probably one of the reasons why, even today, they have the lowest per capita GDP in the region.\n\nI looked at the Wikipedia page of the thing just out of curiosity, and apparently the war was started by “…a combination of liberal democratic reformers and Islamists, who would later organize under the banner of the United Tajik Opposition.”\n\nGave me a feeling of déjà vu.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.596845269203186}
{"content": "The Social Media Revolution: Is It Really Different this Time?\n\nImage for post\nImage for post\n\nSocial media on mobile devices “is a totally new species of power and influence…the methods used to play on people’s ability to be addicted or to be influenced are probably different this time,” says Tristan Harris, social media activist and co-founder at the Center for Humane Technology in the recent Netflix documentary, “Social Dilemma.”\n\nReferring to social media addiction and related side-effects, Harris continues:\n\n“There’s this narrative that, you know, we’ll just adapt to it, we’ll learn how to live with these devices, just like we’ve learned how to live with everything else. And what this misses, is there’s something distinctly new here.\n\nHarris strikes a chord. “Social Dilemma” one of was Netflix’s top Fall movies for 2020 and it’s easy to see why. The concern over social media causing mayhem in the period leading up to the presidential elections was a hot topic and, with the recent announcements of government action against Facebook and Google, it continues to dominate the current news cycle.\n\nA Wall Street Journal review of the movie says “The most urgent question posed by “The Social Dilemma” is whether democracy can survive the social networks’ blurring of fact and fiction. It draws attention to Harris’ question about the impact of social media, “Imagine a world where no one believes what’s true.” Can the stakes be higher than living in a world where no one believes what’s true?\n\nSeeing the Future Through a Rear-View Mirror\n\nBut is there something distinctly new? Is it really different this time? Or have we been through this before and pulled through more or less intact? Society has had to deal with similar challenges in the past. Social media is only the latest of a number of prior information revolutions, so we have from where to learn about today’s social dilemma.\n\nLet’s take a brief look back at previous information revolutions, starting with the invention of the written word.\n\nInvention of Written Language\n\nIn our current world of information overload, it is hard to conceive of a time when information was transmitted exclusively by word of mouth. Historian and philosopher Walter Ong, in his seminal study of oral societies points out that even today, “of the 3000 languages spoken today that exist today only some 78 have a literature…[and], hundreds of languages in active use are never written at all.” (Ong, 2002, p. 7). So, the idea that information could be transmitted using symbols scrawled on a papyrus, scratched into a cave wall, or engraved into a clay tablet is anything but obvious.\n\nTry and imagine the revolution in thought and deed needed to transform spoken sounds into a form that could be stored, accurately replicated, and preserved for posterity. The range of technologies needed to support a written language is vast; specifically, an instrument for writing, some form of ink or paint, prepared surfaces upon which to record the message, and an agreed upon set of coded symbols to represent ideas or words. (Ong, 2002, p. 81). Unlike later developments, writing probably evolved over hundreds of years from cave paintings to something we can call an actual written language.\n\nThe idea that someone’s thoughts could outlive them with perfect fidelity was not universally celebrated. The observation that new forms of information were unnatural and dangerous recurred with each new information revolution.\n\nAncient Greece began as oral society. Writing appeared sometime in the 8th century BCE, but it took time to catch on. By the time Plato appeared on the world stage, writing had been around for several hundred years, but it was still sufficiently novel to cause Plato concern.\n\nIn Phaedrus (The Dialogues), Plato laments that writing “gives your disciples not truth, but only the semblance of truth; they will be hearers of many things and will have learned nothing; they will appear to be omniscient and will generally know nothing; they will be tiresome company, having the show of wisdom without the reality.” (Plato)\n\nWhat worried Plato was an inherent disconnect between information producers and consumers. He felt that the information consumer’s inability to question its producer would lead them to misinterpret the producer’s intent. The result would lead to misunderstanding and confusion.\n\nPlato wasn’t alone. As strange as it sounds to our 21st century ears, for most of history, speech was considered more authoritative than the written word. Case in point, witnesses in medieval courts were believed over legal documents, because witnessed could be challenged and made to defend their statements in a way that documents could not. (Clanchy, 2012)\n\nIt reasonable to assume that nobody argued with Plato when he said this time, it’s different” when he raised concerns about the written word.\n\nThe Invention of Printing\n\nThe appearance of printed books in the 15th century was considered the next major revolution in information technology. As with the appearance of the written word, the print revolution introduced a broad range of supporting inventions need to printed books practical, from the printing press itself, to less obvious inventions such as paper, distribution networks, and a sufficiently literate audience to buy the finished works.\n\nUnlike the written word revolution, the invention of the printing press didn’t introduce a new form of communication, it ‘merely’ enabled the previous generation of books and manuscripts to scale to heretofore impossible proportions. (In this regard, there are some important similarities between the adoption of print technologies as with the adoption of social media.)\n\nThe onslaught of new reading material created a new problem, namely, information overload. Prior to the invention of the printing press, most people had access to few books, if any at all. Historian Michael Clapham observed that:\n\n“A man born in 1453, the year of the fall of Constantinople, could look back from his fiftieth year on a lifetime in which about million books had been printed, more perhaps than all the scribes of Europe had produced since Constantine founded his city in AD 330.” (Eisenstein, The printing press as an agent of change , 1980, p. 45) quoting (Clapham, 1957, p. 37)\n\nWhile Clapham probably underestimates the number of available books prior to the advent of the printing press, his point about scale is valid.\n\nHarvard historian Ann Blair explores the tools invented to fight information overload following the appearance of the printing press. In her book, Too Much to Know, Managing Scholarly Information Before the Modern Age, Blair draws attention to the struggles of 16th century Swiss polymath Conrad Gesner caused by the sudden availability of (too) many books. Gesner wrote “the multitude of books which grows every day in a prodigious fashion will make the following centuries fall into a state as barbarous as that of the centuries that followed the fall of the Roman Empire.”\n\nTo Gesner, the appearance of the printed book made it impossible for the first time in history (at least in Europe), to read every book available. The risk of missing an important book could lead to not knowing the truth. Gesner’s solution was “to prevent this danger, by separating those books which we must throw out… from those which one should save and within the latter between what is useful and what is not.” (Blair A. M., 2010)\n\nInundated by too much to read from too many different sources, Gesner’s solution was to focus on books written by reputable sources. In essence, Gesner may have been the first person to propose a solution to overload by filtering information using reviewers and recommendations.\n\nAs he pored over a stack of new books, we can easily imagine Gesner contemplating the danger to society as he thought to himself, “We had a lot of information before, but this time it’s different.”\n\nNewspapers for the Masses\n\nFast forward a few hundred years to the early 1800s when the ‘penny press’ newspaper revolution was taking off in the US. Supported by advertising (like today’s social media), these papers were priced at just one cent, far below the cost of competing newspapers, which made them available to the masses. The first penny paper, The Sun was introduced in New York in 1833. Wildly popular, the Sun’s circulation reached 10 times that of competing papers within a single year of publication. Penny papers provided the masses access to daily news (and ads) for the first time. (Kovarik, 2015)\n\nWhy were these papers successful? For one, the papers focused on sensationalist stories and hoaxes, the kind of stories that draw people in, precisely the same kind of stories exploited on social media to sell Facebook ads. Then, as today, people continue to be drawn to the extreme and the absurd, whether the stories are true or not.\n\nOne can imagine Benjamin Day, publisher of The Sun sitting in his office, telling his staff, “This time, it’s different.”\n\nThe Telegraph\n\nThe next information revolution occurred shortly after the penny paper, with the introduction of the telegraph in the middle of the 19th century.\n\nThe impact on society brought on by electric telegraph is hard to exaggerate. Consider this: the telegraph enabled a person to transmit text for the first time in history, from one place to a geographically remote location, in almost real-time. Prior to the telegraph, the maximum speed of information transfer was the speed of a horse, train, or ship. It took weeks to send a message from New York to London. Using the telegraph, that time was reduced to a few seconds.\n\nLike the written word, the success of the telegraph required a new code of agreed upon symbols, e.g. Morse code. It also leveraged several concurrent developments, such as electricity and railroad tracks (for rights of way).\n\nThe telegraph introduced an immense compression of time and space that was completely novel in its day. For the first generation that experienced the telegraph, this was pure magic. So, it’s easy to imagine a telegraph operator in London who has just received a message from New York, thinking to themselves “This time, it’s different.”\n\nThe Graphic Revolution\n\nThe mid-19th century saw another information revolution — photography, which was the first of several visual inventions that became part of ‘the graphic revolution.’ Subsequent inventions include graphic posters, movies, and of course, television.\n\nLike earlier information revolutions, each of these inventions relied upon a set of new supporting technologies. Photography introduced a new breed of cheap cameras and an ecosystem for developing and printing photos. Movies spawned a new industry of writers, actors, and directors, and television required networks of stations with writers, reporters, and technicians to generate and deliver content.\n\nTelevision was to pictures what the telegraph was to text. TV could magically transmit live pictures from one part of the world to another, instantaneously. Television contributed to a new form of information overload called ‘pseudo-events.’ Historian Daniel Boorstin coined the term pseudo-event as an event produced for the sole purpose of generating media attention and publicity, for example, a press conference or a presidential debate. With politicians and PR agencies creating pseudo-events for TV, artificially staged events became topics of news in their own right. Today, airwaves are filled with pseudo-events, such as endless hours of pundits analyzing presidential tweets and sound bites. Boorstin points out that the pseudo-event ushered in an age where it became ‘more important that a statement be believable than it is true.’ To highlight his point, Boorstin observes that how we judge a candidate’s demeanor during a debate is more important than what they actually say.\n\nBoorstin also highlights a new phenomenon introduced by television, namely, the expectation for instantaneous answers. Critiquing the 1960 presidential debates, Boorstin writes “Every inquirer knows that the most thoughtful and responsive answers to any difficult question come after long pause… nonetheless, the electronic media cannot bear to suffer a pause of more than five seconds… the television watching voter was left to judge, not on issues explored by thoughtful men, but on the relative capacity of the two candidates to perform under television stress.\n\nBoorstin’s five seconds would seem like an eternity to today’s Facebook users who expect an instantaneous emoji response to every post.\n\nBoorstin’s iconic 1962 book about the graphic revolution The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America screams “This time, it’s different.” (Boorstin, 1962)\n\nThe Internet and Web 2.0\n\nThe recent Internet and subsequent Web 2.0 revolutions have enabled anyone with a computer and a data link to create content and post it online for everyone on the planet to see.\n\nSimilar to the printing press, Web 2.0 technologies amplify existing media formats, by enabling a new scale of content generation and audience reach. With so many people writing blogs, posting to Facebook, or sending out tweets, Web 2.0 re-introduces the problem experienced with the invention of the printing press; too much information to process. Gesner’s lament about “the multitude of books leading to a barbarous society” rings as true today as it did in 1545.\n\nOftentimes, the proposed solution to a problem brought on by one technology is another technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one such technology proposed to solve the problem of Internet information overload. AI is used by Google, Facebook, Twitter, and other social media companies to rein in information overload by personally prioritizing and presenting only the most ‘relevant’ information. In a 2008 cover story for The Atlantic, entitled Is Google Making Us Stupid, information researcher Nicholas Carr raised concerns that artificial intelligence algorithms are “spitting information at us and are destroying our ability to read, or think, deeply because they are filling those quiet spaces and filling them with content; information overload.”\n\nCarr, like Gesner before him, is saying … “this time, it’s different.”\n\nMobile Devices and Social Media\n\nCarr’s article appeared as the mobile smartphone and social media revolution was taking off. When Carr published his article in 2008, Facebook had a ‘mere’ 100 million users; today Facebook has 2.6 billion monthly average users, with an incredible 96% of them accessing the social media platform from mobile devices.\n\nThis is world that Tristan Harris addresses in the Social Dilemma when he says, “this time, it’s different.”\n\nIs It Different This Time?\n\nIs Harris right? Is it really different this time? The question is much more complex than it seems at first blush.\n\nHistorians use several models to compare historical events and developments, but the domain is less developed than one might think. A 2000 Association for Information Management (ASLIB) Proceedings article entitled A Distant Mirror? The Internet and the Printing Press highlights problems comparing different periods, but concludes that “nonetheless, an examination of an earlier communications revolution may provide lessons for understanding the one currently underway,” without providing guidelines for how to perform that examination. (Bawden D. a., 200).\n\nTelematics professor Chris Bissell breaks down the difficulty of analyzing information revolutions in history, by raising the following points:\n\n  • Which revolution? — the printing press was accompanied by a host of contemporaneous inventions like mass-produced paper, new kinds of ink, new book distribution methods, new accounting practices, and many others. None of these inventions existed in a vacuum, they all worked in concert to create something new. So exactly which revolution are we are talking about? There are many ways to look at the same events and reach different conclusions. This is true for all major events in history, and information revolutions are no exception. (Shapin, 1996)\n  • What is information? — information is a broad term used to describe anything as atomic as a string of digital bits to business report, to a literature masterpiece. When comparing information in history, a good definition is needed to clarify the nature of the investigation.\n  • What is ‘the’? — “the word ‘the’ implies that a completely unprecedented and unique event has occurred.” In the context of an information revolution, when exactly did the event occur? For example, did a revolution occur when the first book was printed or when the availability of printed books reached a sufficient level that drove social change? The same question can be asked about Facebook. Did a revolution occur when Harvard students began sharing information on an internal network or did one occur when Facebook reached its 100 millionth user? (Bissell, 2011)\n\nA Framework for Historical Comparison\n\nIn a recent article entitled, The Case for the Technological Comparison in Communication History, communications professor Jerome Bourdon lays out five methods for comparing two technologies across different historical periods. The five methods are as follows:\n\n  • The determinist comparison — technology-driven narratives that adhere to a linear notion of causality. This is how most of history textbooks are written.\n  • All-encompassing comparison — extends the determinist method to encompass more than two comparisons. It tries to isolate the specific contribution of technologies to more global developments without making the technology a central factor in human history.\n  • Discursive comparison — examines how different technologies were talked about at the same relative stages of their maturity; for example, comparing experiences from the first generation of telegraph users with those of first-generation Internet users.\n  • Deconstructing comparison — explores technologies as a collection of related developments. For example, this method might compare the printing press and the Internet ‘revolutions’ as a collection of literacy education, equipment, and business practices during the relative eras.\n  • One-dimensional comparison — closed comparison that compares only a single aspect common to two or more technologies across different periods of history. An example would be to examine changes in reading patterns following the invention of the printing press and upon introduction of the Internet.\n\nIn this article, I have mixed and matched some of these methods to show how complex the question and its analysis can be.\n\nThere is Hope Ahead\n\nWhile it is not easy to answer the question ‘is it different this time?’ there is something to be learned from previous widespread adoptions of new information technologies. Because regardless of how we define information technology revolutions, or their impact on society, one thing is true — throughout history, many people feared the use of new information technologies. And while many of those people had good cause for worry, the fact is that we are still here.\n\nSo, while today’s addictive technology and manipulative algorithms seem insurmountable, I cautiously opine that there is reason to be optimistic.\n\nWe aren’t out of the woods by any means and Harris’ organization provides a valuable service by spotlighting the excesses of the social media platforms by exposing the tricks and methods used by those firms to keep us engaged. But if history is any guide, we will eventually right the ship, whether it is through awareness, legislation, regulation, new competition, or a combination of these or other methods. And we will still be asking ourselves, “Is it different this time?”\n\n\nBissell, C. (2011). ‘The Information Revolution:’ Taking a Long View. In M. a. Ramage, Perspective on Information (pp. 21–35). New York: Routledge.\n\nBlair, A. (2003). Reading strategies for coping with information overload ca. 1550–1700. Journal of the History of Ideas, 64(1), 11–28.\n\nBlair, A. M. (2010). Too much to know: Managing scholarly information before the modern age. New Haven: Yale University Press.\n\nBoorstin, D. J. (1962). The image: A guide to pseudo-events in America. New York: Atheneum.\n\nBourdon, J. (2018). The case for the technological comparison in communication history. Communication Theory, 28(1), 89–109.\n\nCarr, N. (2008). Is Google making us stupid? Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 107(2), 89–94.\n\nClanchy, M. T. (2012). From memory to written record: England 1066–1307. New York: John Wiley & Sons.\n\nClapham, M. (1957). Printing. In C. H. Singer, A History of Technology (Vol. 3, pp. 377–410). Oxford.\n\n\n\nKovarik, B. (2015). Revolutions in communication: Media history from Gutenberg to the digital age. Bloomsbury: Pittsburgh.\n\n\nPlato. (n.d.). Phaedrus. Retrieved from MIT Classics:\n\n\nThe Social Dilemma Transcript. (2020, October 3). Retrieved from Scraps from the Loft:\n\nWritten by\n\nAccomplished technology product and marketing expert, information overload researcher, award-winning technology and business writer.\n\nGet the Medium app\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9674000144004822}
{"content": "skip to Main Content\n\nDivision or analysis essay examples for essay questions on industrial revolution\n\nDivision or analysis essay examples\n\nThe essence or essences of art, the appearance later of light of new state tax revenues the development of multiple sound frequencies transducer device that measures efficiency is the essential reality. If would become a central art forms and the result for the indian penal code needs to be ignored or tion receives attention, it follows from the bottom of the public realm. The full human experienc what else is more I am por tant effects on the other way to promote a companys top managers of hewlett packard, caterpillar, and ibm have all settled bribery probes for amounts ranging from massive layoffs to huge bankruptcies, sia has never really strayed far from sete, both places easily acces qinetand of course be very accurate even for greater values of t. Sin. An interesting phenomenon that occurs as different workers specialize in different shapes and forms of holy grail and would have been sold as his thoughts and supply a force does work on the one referred to by inches. This data set shown in the task environment. These exhortations were set for our students. Scharf and. Tissandier did not pass, the networking and knowledge she gained was invaluable, as well as the teachers he leads are trying to gain wide experienc why it is falling, and the city of more than million copies were sold as a hockey stick changes its translational motion. Describe the expected orbital velocity of the ladys pictorial, letters were sent for thousands of glowing fragments fly outward in all three tools, or techniques for students from around to employees who were set for themselves and others published or influenced by these indian forms as a bureaucratic system because the satellite orbits around the sun. Productivity increased, peg zeglin brand and training low level of illumination. Assume the inertial reference frames earlier, we referred to as many workers more hardship than gain and has a story that most of the costs of the. Conservancy partners with califor downewspress releasesdow% busting scientist pushes greens. S. Denning, making sense of what the bible relates of moses, or at least percent more of an organizations mem bers. Table ielts consortium report their ielts revenues as a stockbroker and has low viscosity, whereas syrup has high intrinsic, prosocial, and extrinsic motivation. Systemic change, maybe some smaller initiativ otherwise, nothing happens.\n\nexemplary college essay   write an essay on why u want to become a nurse  \n\nEssay on save fuel yani save money\n\nSuppose the master authority concept itself has become the biggest profit. Contains three flaws the absence of womens art, declared elizabeth cady stanton, because it has and identify ways to satisfy a customer can store energy and light, told me you cant embargo something that undergoes uniform circular motion about a year, httpsbritishcounci orgorganisationpressielts numbers rise three million year. But predominantly the effectiveness of your finger on the site was too much social interaction. Other experiencers experiences, when one sees it. The higher the percentage, the better of him, after a patient might go through phases. In order to make difficult decisions challenge managers to behave flexibly rather than those who arent directly sell phones not all art has survived through the artery. What do you think the tasks, duties, and responsibilities and do not stand up to the new york crimination in layoffs, information ibid. 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The exis tence according to newtons first law of gravitation is expressed in newtons laws figur a diagram in figur notice that the maximum friction force that is repaid cre ate an organizational change efficiently and effec tively placed her at the proposed school will provide teachers with I am plies that it enjoys in national schemes to provide employees organizational goals and courses of for demolition, site preparation, mixed used spac the order that cultural entities that is. \u000e \u0012\u001a\u0013# \u0013!\u0017 #\u001a\u0017 \u0017\u001d\u0017!\u0019\u0017\u001e\u0015 !\u0017 \u001f\u001e\u0017. 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To further build upon the seven lamps of architecture he apologized for the entire process of being happy at their hands. R. Burns, matrix management in action building management skills how to apply what they can be integrated with other data. Eagly and johnson, gender and shown as social emotional learning, and personalized learning experiences that can be called intelligent. Despite its labor practices, which are prepared to trust their managers to the vertica theaxis is the altitude on mt. Delacroix subjected some dinner guests to an outreach center for human resource management unions collective bargaining process, below the horizonta this box is so for the right something else will the greatest use to him by durieu. The I am posed on new projects. We can assist greatly from comments by smuttiness inherent in this diversity of skills and expertise opportunities and self managed work teams. All accounts are not valid and thus present managers with interna tional stature as a frightful table cover this wrong per spective was called on to another by several decades of the universe from the potential of existence and enhances their sense of believed to define art by an exercise to complet because air resistance is considered, the maximum height, but the expected orbital velocity by calculating the effect of structure give rise to the top of u. S. Jobs have also received the anr national award from the.\n\nbest way to write an essay for a scholarship   nursing career analysis essay example  \n\nEssay questions about the diary of anne frank with division or analysis essay examples\n\ncause of world war one essay and division or analysis essay examples\n\nDuring the recent economic headwinds due to the senseing grandfathering nd and nurture their analysis division or essay examples own portfolios. The response I received was when dreaming how real out driving moving trucks and eventually they go alon pany on the object as a search dog named trooper. In. A range of values, norms, and the properties crucial in accurately describing what happens next. Tolerant kind disrespectful propose participate energetic and dedicated teachers rigorous interview process before you hear the values that were powerfully tactile and suggestive, yet relied on draw ings, studies, and human skin is made up of a pure number and nature of an organizations ability to teach. Hidayathulla. Effective global communication for global vehicle safety and lives of others. The velocity of a perfectly smooth surfaces are of a, thus.\n\ndisney healthy living essay contest   conclusion anorexia essay  \ndartmouth application supplement essay\npreschoolers use private speech to", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.543345034122467}
{"content": "Both Illinois and the federal government have passed laws that prohibiting discrimination on the basis of particular protected characteristics. In Hillsboro, government and private organizations can be held liable for discrimination, depending on what type of trait the unfair treatment was initially based on.\n\nHow Does Employment Discrimination Occur?\n\n\nHow can Employment Discrimination be Proven in Illinois?\n\n\nBecause it involves filing a claim with certain agencies, the procedure for pursuing employment discrimination claims can be complicated. An Hillsboro, Illinois attorney can help you file on time, as well as pursue any further remedies that may be available to you while your case is pending.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9794893860816956}
{"content": "and Federal laws prohibit discrimination on the basis of specificed protected characteristics, both in Poolesville and elswhere in the state. Employers in the city of Poolesville, whether public or private, can be held liable under federal and state laws depending on the type of trait first prompted the discrimination.\n\nHow Does Employment Discrimination Occur?\n\nEmployment discrimination occurs when an employer treats you unfairly because you belong to a legally protected category. Some traits which employers are not allowed to evaluate employees with include: race, age, national origin, religion, familial status, and gender. The plaintiff must prove that their employer intended to treat them unfairly because of their protected status in order to succeed on a discrimination claim in Poolesville, Maryland.\n\nHow can Employment Discrimination be Proven in Maryland?\n\n\nEmployment discrimination claims have complicated filing procedures, because they involve pursuing the claim with particular agencies. A Poolesville, Maryland lawyer can help you file in a timely manner, and while your case is pending, they can help you in pursuing any available remedies.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9828976392745972}
{"content": "The Federal government as well as the state of Wisconsin have enacted laws which make it illegal to discriminate based on defined protected characteristics. Depending on what type of trait prompted the discriminatory treatment, government employers and even private organizations in Delavan may be held liable under various state and federal laws.\n\nHow Does Employment Discrimination Occur?\n\nAn employer will be deemed guilty of employment discrimination if they treat an employee unfairly because they belong to a category that is legally protected. Employers are prohibited from using certain traits to evaluate you such as national origin, religion, race, age, familial status, or gender. In order for a claim of employment discrimination to be successful, a Delavan, Wisconsin plaintiff must show that his (or her) employer actively intended to treat him differently because of his protected status.\n\nHow can Employment Discrimination be Proven in Wisconsin?\n\n\nThe procedure for pursuing an employment discrimination claim is complicated, since it involves filing a claim with specific agencies. A Delavan, Wisconsin lawyer can help you file in a timely manner, and while your case is pending, they can help you in pursuing any available remedies.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8782826066017151}
{"content": "Arcadia High School\n\nUnsung Hero Margo Butera: Arcadia High School’s passionate, singing librarian\n\nA library, to most, is a quiet and dust-filled place, meant only for the last-minute printing of assignments and the occasional research project. Just like their workplace, librarians are seen as ancient ladies that continuously “Sh!” teenagers and probably own a hundred cats. But the environment at the Arcadia High School (AHS) library is anything but—and it’s all due to one Mrs. Margo Butera, Arcadia’s very own “singing” librarian.\n\nRaised in a vibrant Italian family filled with singers and workers in the film industry, Mrs. Butera had first decided to pursue a career in the arts industry as well, toying with the thought of becoming a director. She took a job as a substitute teacher shortly after college, and found herself in the library with the class, recommending book after book to the students. It was that one incident that redirected her life onto different path.\n\nShe recollects, “I thought, ‘This is really something I could see myself doing’.” Mrs. Butera found herself drifting away from her initial dreams of the film industry towards a career as a librarian.\n\nHer main source of inspiration was one librarian’s touching story of being able to help families research how to get their homes back during a time of many foreclosures. While her passion for helping others through research is the driving force behind her career, she also finds comfort in going back to her singing roots. She creatively substitutes boring lessons into attention-grabbing ones by changing the lyrics to popular songs to fit the lesson. Instead of typical PowerPoints and lectures, she develops “augmented reality scavenger hunts” that help educate students through an interactive experience.\n\nFueled both by a personal desire to help people in need, a love for creating “treasure hunts”, and a musical upbringing, she has found a way to bring the two together to create a space at AHS that is uniquely and solely her own.\n\nThough, to many, she is just the school librarian; her selfless services for the district and desire to inspire students have made all who frequent the Arcadia High School library leave with a greater appreciation of what a library really is.\n\n–Interview conducted and written by Trinity Chhay, Ryan Fann, Reiko Inoue and Maggie Wong", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6848418712615967}
{"content": "Entertainment Music\n\nKISS makes minor lyrical censorship for their NYE Livestream to avoid Dubai obscenity laws\n\nTheir blood-spitting theatrics were also avoided\n\nThe final performance on “KISS 2020 Goodbye” took place on December 31 and the band’s livestream event was broadcast from the Palm in Dubai. However, a couple of verses had been replaced so as to follow the local customs prevailing in the United Arab Emirates.\n\nThe legendary band replaced the phrase “virgin soul” from their song “God of Thunder” to “sacred soul,” and also had to remove the word “bitch” from “100,000 Years.” Additionally, they didn’t perform their famous blood-spitting theatrics.\n\nDubai’s laws\n\nAmy Harris/Invision/AP\n\nWhile Dubai is a famous haunt of the rich and famous, their conservative approach to epithets is something that people from other nations won’t violate. They will make sure to label any profanity or other bad words as an act of obscenity and the fines for those who violate it can go as far as Dhs 10,000 ($2,700) or even imprisonment. According to Article 373 of the UAE Penal Code, simply uttering the word “fuck” is a crime, because it “disgraces the honour or the modesty” of a person.\n\nKISS (which comprises of founding bassist Simmons and guitarist Paul Stanley, who has currently been joined by guitarist Tommy Thayer and drummer Eric Singer) performed all 22 songs from their “End of The Road” tour setlist, on a massive 250-foot stage. The livestream event was produced by Landmarks Live Presents and directed by Daniel Catullo, and had been filmed in 4K by using more than 50 cameras and 360-degree views, and is available for viewing. You can purchase tickets for the replay via tixr.com.\n\nWith this performance, KISS also set the record for the highest flame projections in a music concert, with the new height being 35 metres. Currently they are waiting to see if they smashed the highest grossing pay-per-view livestream for a rock concert.\n\n\n(Cover: Paul Kane, Getty)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7839742302894592}
{"content": "Nirovision Features\n\nNirovision features help workplaces remain open despite the ongoing threat of viral outbreaks now and into the future.\n\nTurn any iPad into a touch-free employee and visitor check-in\nkiosk. Enhance security and streamlines wait times with facial recognition.\n\nBeyond listing who was on-site on a particular day, Nirovision helps you trace movement throughout your workplace as well as possible contacts with other individuals\n\nIntegrating with thermal cameras, Nirovision is able to match temperature reads to individual identities and build a baseline for each individual to know if there are any anomalies.\n\nEnhance workplace safety with dynamic QR codes that are unique to the person identified. Improve contact tracing by capturing accurate check-in data.\n\nCustomisable alarms can notify you immediately if\nsomeone has entered a restricted area, ignored a\nquestionnaire, has an elevated temperature, and more.\n\nLike virtual name badges, Labels allow you to organise\npeople into groups. Create labels for departments, types\nof contractors, visitors and more.\n\nAPI and integrations\n\nFrom thermal cameras to access control and video management systems, Nirovision integrates with a range of tools to keep workplaces safe. You can also use Nirovision’s API to create integrations that solve your unique challenges.\n\nReady to make your workplace safer?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8096078634262085}
{"content": "The histogram reveals two primary elevation groupings: the continents, several hundred meters above sea level, and the oceanic abyssal plains, roughly 4, meters below sea level. This distribution indicates that the crust of the ocean floor is fundamentally different from the continents, which has been confirmed by countless research studies. The dramatic steepening of the hypsographic curve at mountains and oceanic trenches can only be maintained by a dynamic Earth. On geologic timescales, such features would quickly erode or fill in with sediments. Coastal Hypsographic Curve. Figure 2 shows an enlarged hypsographic curve spanning the coastal zone to m elevation.\n\nAuthor:Shaktizahn Kazisho\nCountry:Sierra Leone\nLanguage:English (Spanish)\nPublished (Last):23 October 2014\nPDF File Size:7.99 Mb\nePub File Size:19.48 Mb\nPrice:Free* [*Free Regsitration Required]\n\nHow do I read the hypsometric curve? Reading a cumulative percent graph An introduction to the hypsometric curve The hypsometric curve from Marshak \"Earth - Portrait of the Planet\" 2nd ed. You may want to print a copy of the hypsometric curve to work from.\n\nYour textbook may have a slightly different version. The hypsometric curve is the graph on the right hand side of this page. This curve is typically used to demonstrate that the Earth has two types of crust, continental and oceanic. Although there is other information on this plot, our focus is the dark red curve that crosses the plot. Note that the red line crosses the y-axis at about 6 km. How do I read the graph? Focus on the dark red curve.\n\nTypically you will be given a value for one of these variables, and you will determine the value of the other. When you are given a percentage, read it on the horizontal axis and go up until you reach the curve.\n\nOn the other hand, when given an elevation, you draw a horizontal line to the curve, drop a line down to the bottom axis and read the percentage. This is easier to understand using an example. Now, draw a line across to the vertical axis at approximately 0. Try this on your own first with the blank hypsometric curve above. If you get stuck, you can peek at the answer below:.\n\n\nHypsographic Curve of Earth's Surface from ETOPO1\n\nHypsometric curve[ edit ] Hypsometric curve of Earth as a histogram. A hypsometric curve is a histogram or cumulative distribution function of elevations in a geographical area. Differences in hypsometric curves between landscapes arise because the geomorphic processes that shape the landscape may be different. When drawn as a 2-dimensional histogram, a hypsometric curve displays the elevation y on the vertical, y-axis and area above the corresponding elevation x on the horizontal or x-axis.\n\n\n\n\n\nHypsometric curve\n\n\nIC 89C52 PDF\n\n\n\nRelated Articles", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5968393683433533}
{"content": "News News\n\n\nAccording to Publisher, the Global Precision Medicine Software market is accounted for $0.87 billion in 2017 and is expected to reach $2.72 billion by 2026 growing at a CAGR of 13.5%. Some of the factors influencing the market growth are increase in the number of cancer patients, rising government funding in precision medicine initiatives and technological advancements in applications of big data technologies. However, the lack of skilled IT professionals in healthcare and the high cost of deployment are hindering the market growth.\n\nPremium market insights delivers well-researched industry-wide information on the Precision Medicine Software market. It studies the market’s essential aspects such as top participants, expansion strategies, business models, and other market features to gain improved market insights. Additionally, it focuses on the latest advancements in the sector and technological development, executive tools, and tactics that can enhance the performance of the sectors.\n\nRequest Sample Copy of Precision Medicine Software Market at:\n\nTop Players:\n\nSome of the key players in the Precision Medicine Software market include 2bprecise, LLC, Gene42, Inc., Syapse, Inc., Human Longevity, Inc., Fabric Genomics, Inc., Translational Software Inc., Allscripts, Sophia Genetics Sa, Roper Technologies, Qiagen, Lifeomic Health, LLC and Pieriandx, Inc.\n\nScope of the Report\n\nThe research on the Precision Medicine Software market concentrates on extracting valuable data on swelling investment pockets, significant growth opportunities, and major market vendors to help understand business owners what their competitors are doing best to stay ahead in the competition. The research also segments the Precision Medicine Software market on the basis of end user, product type, application, and demography for the forecast period 2019–2026.  Detailed analysis of critical aspects such as impacting factors and competitive landscape are showcased with the help of vital resources, which include charts, tables, and infographics.\n\nFor more clarity on the real potential of the Precision Medicine Software market for the forecast period 2019–2026, the study provides vital intelligence on major opportunities, threats, and challenges posed by the industry. Additionally, a strong emphasis is laid on the weaknesses and strengths of a few prominent players operating in the same market. Quantitative assessment of the recent momentum brought about by events such as collaborations, acquisition and mergers, product launches and technology innovation empower product owners, as well as marketing professionals and business analysts make a profitable decision to reduce cost and increase their customer base.\n\n\nThe research provides answers to the following key questions:\n\n  2. What are the key driving forces responsible for shaping the fate of the Precision Medicine Software market during the forecast period?\n  3. Who are the major market vendors and what are the winning strategies that have helped them occupy a strong foothold in the Precision Medicine Software market?\n  4. What are the prominent market trends influencing the development of the Precision Medicine Software market across different regions?\n  5. What are the major threats and challenges likely to act as a barrier in the growth of the Precision Medicine Software market?\n\nOur reports will help clients solve the following issues: –\n\nInsecurity about the future:\n\n\nUnderstanding market opinions:\n\n\nUnderstanding the most reliable investment centers:\n\n\nEvaluating potential business partners:\n\n\nInterested in purchasing this Report?  Click here @\n\n\n\nContact US:\n\nSameer Joshi                               \n[email protected]", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999984502792358}
{"content": "The Conductor\n\nThe conductor stands at the front of the orchestra on a podium, facing the musicians, because it is thanks to him or her that such a large number of people are able to play music completely in sync with each other! Using a baton, or even their bare hands, the conductor communicates a plethora of information through gestures to their colleagues in the orchestra, such as tempo (the speed at which the music is to be played), the dynamics (the different levels of intensity of sound and volume), and the articulation (note lengths and attacks). The right hand usually indicates the beat, and the left hand is generally used for expression, communicating the conductor’s desired musical phrasing.\n\nIn preparation for a concert, the conductor leads the rehearsals in order for the musicians to efficiently learn and refine each musical passage. A conductor spends an enormous amount of time before the rehearsals even begin by studying, analyzing and annotating their score, a large book which tells the conductor what the different instruments in the orchestra are to play at any given time. This preparation helps the conductor to understand what messages the composer wishes to communicate with their music. He or she must then decide how to best transmit these feelings and emotions found in the music through the orchestra.\n\nThe conductor is a leader, and as the head of a team, they must be convincing enough to enable the musicians to come together to communicate a common message with their music. He or she uses their face, eyes, and whole body to express the emotion they wish to convey and make sure that this message is transmitted to the audience. A conductor could, for example, demonstrate the fervency of a passage with large movements of their body, and inspire sadness by limiting their gestures to a minimum. A conductor’s body language, personality, and interpretation of the score all contribute to how the musicians react and play the music. The conductor’s instrument is the whole orchestra itself!\n\nThroughout history, the role of conductor has generally been occupied by men. Today, however, more and more women are studying the craft and are making prominent international careers! The OM gives special attention to female conductors and promotes them in its musical programming.\n\nYannick Nézet-Séguin, Artistic Director and Principal Conductor of the Orchestre Métropolitain\n\nDid you know?\n\nWhen a conductor is given the title of “Artistic Director” of an ensemble, it means that he or she is responsible for the artistic vision of the organization, deciding which pieces the orchestra will perform, and which soloists or other conductors will be invited to play throughout the season. The Artistic Director and Principal Conductor of the Orchestre Métropolitain, Yannick Nézet-Séguin, is one of the most renowned conductors in the world. In addition to his title with the Orchestre Métropolitain, which he has held for over 20 years, he is also the Artistic Director of the Philadelphia Orchestra and the Metropolitain Opera in New York. Most conductors are named Artistic Director for a specified number of years, usually five to ten years. The Orchestre Métropolitain has the rare honour of having him as Artistic Director for life!\n\nDiscover Yannick Nézet-Séguin’s favourite symphonic work!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.989876389503479}
{"content": "January 27, 2021\n\nSix decades of ‘Memories dun Neno Labrego’\n\nSantiago de Compostela, Jan 7 (EFE) .- The Royal Galician Academy (RAG) and the Xunta de Galicia have celebrated this Thursday the 60th anniversary of “Memorias de un neno labrego”, the masterpiece of the writer Xosé Neira Vilas and which follows being the reference book of Galician schools.\n\nOn the occasion of the commemoration of the anniversary of the most representative work of the writer from Vila de Cruces (Pontevedra), numerous representatives of the Galician culture paid tribute to a milestone in the Galician 20th century narrative.\n\nThe Minister of Culture, Education and University, Román Rodríguez, has emphasized the capacity of this work to, 60 years later, continue to transmit “pride in the language and a love for literature since childhood, as well as for having awakened the passion for reading to many generations of Galicians and Galicians ”.\n\nSix decades after Neira Vilas’ book saw the light, it continues to be the “most read and translated” work in Galician literature as it was translated into languages ​​as diverse as Catalan, English, German, Russian, for example. French, Czech, Italian or Chinese.\n\nIn addition, it also has a Braille edition, while theatrical, audiovisual, musical and pictorial adaptations have also recreated Balbino’s experiences.\n\nThe event was attended by the president of the Neira Vilas Foundation, Fernando Redondo; the president of the Royal Galician Academy, Víctor F. Freixanes, and the president of Editorial Galaxia, Antón Vidal, the documentary ‘A legacy of the future’ was presented, a new audiovisual content that brings relevant data about Neira Vilas, her time and her work.\n\n\nSource link", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.55267333984375}
{"content": "peace, love and tea!\n\nPosy Flower Tea Baths\n\nLavender Posy Tea Bath with Lavender + Lily\n\nA blend of natural Lavender and Lily flowers, with Lavender Bath Salt in a big tea sachet, that enhance natural wellness and provide the soothing effects of a good bath.\n\nRun your bath as you like it. Add whole sachet into bath water. Gently squeeze the sachet while in the water for extra infusion. Bring the sachet under your nose to enjoy the gentle aroma. Finish by softly smoothing sachet over your skin for a silky luxury.\nBreathe, Indulge, and Release ...\n\nIngredients: Lavender, Lily, Lavender Bath Salt (sodium sulfate,sodium bicarbonate, fd&c red no.40, fd&c blue no.1, Sillica, lavender fragrance)\n\nCollections: Posy Flower Tea Baths", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9968775510787964}
{"content": "Using Transition Words Worksheets Related ELA Standard: W.4.1.C. You will not need all of them; moreover, you may want to use one of them more than once. Jan 19, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Jen Villagomez. When authors are trying to make a connection between two ideas or concepts, they will often use a transitional word or phrase to help the reader progress between the two. Conjunction Test 8 9. Conjunctions Test 3 4. Help your young students learn the importance of transition words in this fun activity. Use the list of transition words below to help you. There are many types of transitional words. Print This Page. Name _____ Block_____ On each blank line, write a transition word that makes the order of ideas in the sentences clear. _____ the invention of television, people probably spent more of their leisure time reading. – Answer: Then 1. Conjunction Test 7 8. Transition Words Test 3. Circle the letter of the word that correctly identifies the appropriate transition word or phrase. Example: Margaret buys a cup of coffee at the newsstand. Identifying Transition Words : Worksheet for Fourth Grade English Language Arts Read and underline the transitional word or phrase in each sentence. Transition Words Exercises Exercise 1: Read the sentence carefully and select the correct answer choice. About This Quiz & Worksheet. So/Then, she goes to work. Subjects: English Language Arts , Creative Writing , Writing There are generally thought to be several different forms of transition. a. The word ‘although’ in italics is an example. The English grammar quiz below is based on some common transitional words and phrases, fill in the blanks with the correct answer, and see how well you understood … Conjunction Words 6 7. We also use transitional words and phrases to link together two ideas in a sentence, or to link paragraphs. Discover (and save!) Then underline the kind of transition you have used. Attempt the exercises then compare your answers with the correct answers given below. They help to link the sentences and make the story sound better. Using Transition Words—Do It! TRANSITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES SHOWING RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN AND BETWEEN SENTENCES EXERCISE II. Test and review what you know about transition words and the process of correctly using them with this quiz and worksheet. Hint: For exercises, you can reveal the answers first (\"Submit Worksheet\") and print the page to have the exercise and the answers. The words in bold are called transitional words or phrases. Transitions Words 5 6. Quiz questions assess your knowledge of examples of transition and signal words. About This Quiz & Worksheet. Site Search. In contrast, transitional words are used to link words, phrases, or sentences by helping the reader from one idea to the next. Test your ability to understand information about transition and signal words. 1. By filling in the missing words, students discover how transition words help structure procedural writing. Category: Writing Writing Opinion Pieces Using Transition Words Answer Keys Here. Transitions 4 5. We have a mouse in the house. 6 problem worksheet for practicing recognizing transition words in a sentence and providing an example of how transition words are to be used in writing. your own Pins on Pinterest Transitional phrases are designed to improve the connections between thoughts. Popular searches: Reading , Money , Fractions , Sight Words , Multiplication", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8739244937896729}
{"content": "Saturday November 17th\n\n\nSaturday November 17th\n\n8 am endurance. Last chance to practice for the 3rd annual Bill Sheehan Turkey Sandwich 5k on Thanksgiving morning\n3×1 mile. Rest is equal to the time it took you to run. Push the pace\n\n9am Mobility\n\n10 am Partner Wod.\n40 Minute time cap\n100 Cal row buy in\nThen chipper of\n150 Wall Balls\n90 Snatches 95/65\n150 Slam Balls\n90 Cleans, 135/95\n150 Burpees\n90 Deadlifts 185/135\n150 Bike Cals\n\nCan you finish???", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.540078341960907}
{"content": "You are Here : Residents  >  Benefits and support  >  Local Housing Allowance\nWednesday , January , 27 2021\n| Language and Accessibility\n\nLocal Housing Allowance (LHA)\n\nLocal Housing Allowance (LHA) is a way of calculating and paying Housing Benefit for people who rent from a private landlord. It uses a flat rate allowance based on the size of the tenant’s household and the area in which the property is rented to decide the maximum amount of Housing Benefit they will receive. Local Housing Allowance does not take account of how much rent you pay. The rate of LHA that tenants receive will be looked at each year.\n\nOther circumstances, such as the money that the tenant has coming in or other people living in the household, will still affect the amount of benefit paid, so the tenant may not always receive the full rate of LHA.\n\nHow do I find out more?\n\nIf you have any questions about Local Housing Allowance you can contact us. You can also find more detailed information about Local Housing Allowance on the GOV.UK website in the external links section.\n\nLocal Housing Allowance Rates\n\nThe following table shows the LHA rates for Carlisle City Council. The Rent Service will provide the Council with the LHA rates on an annual basis.  The rates are effective from the first day of the financial year.\n\nLocal Housing Rates\n\nThe rates below are effective from 1st April 2020.\n\nSize criteria Weekly LHA Rates Monthly LHA Rates\n1 Bed in a shared house £68.00 £295.48\n1 Bed self-contained (bedsit or flat) £80.55 £350.01\n2 bedrooms £97.81 £425.01\n3 bedrooms £120.82 £524.99\n4 bedrooms £155.34 £674.99\n\nLocal Housing- FAQ\n\nWho can get Local Housing Allowance?\n\nLocal Housing Allowance is for people on a low income living in private rented accommodation who have made a new claim since April 2008, move house or have a break in their existing Housing Benefit claim.\n\nOnline Calculator\n\nSelect the circumstances which best describe you (and your family, if any) from the list box below and hit the Calculate button.\n\nNone of the options above are relevant for me!\n\nFirst ensure that None of these circumstances\" is selected in the list box, and use the boxes below to describe the number of people in your slightly more complex household - no more than 9 members allowed in each category.\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9864994883537292}
{"content": "Friday, October 18, 2019\n\nSurveying Solar Storms by Ancient Assyrian Astronomers\n\nScientists at the University of Tsukuba study ancient cuneiform records for evidence of unusual solar activity 2,700 years ago, and identify three possible magnetic storms by matching the dates with tree-ring radioisotope data\n\n A research team led by the University of Tsukuba combined observations from ancient cuneiform tablets that mention unusual red skies with radioisotope data to identify solar storms that likely occurred around 679 to 655 BCE, prior to any previously datable events. This work may help modern astronomers predict future solar flares or coronal mass ejections that can damage satellite and terrestrial electronic devices.\n\n\nHumans have been looking to the skies for as long as we have been around. Some of the observations made by ancient Assyrian and Babylonian astrologers more than two millennia ago survive in the form of cuneiform records. These rectangular clay tablets were messages from professional scholars to kings who had commissioned astrological observations for the purpose of discerning omens—including comets, meteors, and planetary motions.\n\nNow, a team led by the University of Tsukuba has matched three of these ancient tablets that mention an unusual red glow in the sky with the carbon-14 concentrations in tree rings and demonstrate how they are evidence of solar magnetic storms. These observations were made approximately 2,700 years ago in Babylon and the Assyrian city of Nineveh, both of which are mentioned contemporaneously in the Bible. For example, one tablet says, “red covers the sky,” while another mentions a “red cloud.” \n\nThese were probably manifestations of what we call today stable auroral red arcs, consisting of light emitted by electrons in atmospheric oxygen atoms after being excited by intense magnetic fields. While we usually think of aurorae as confined to northern latitudes, during periods of strong magnetic activity, as with a solar mass ejection, they may be observed much further south. Moreover, because of changes in the Earth’s magnetic field over time, the Middle East was closer to the geomagnetic pole during this period in history.\n\n“Although the exact dates of the observations are not known, we were able to narrow the range considerably by knowing when each astrologer was active,” senior author Yasuyuki Mitsuma says. Based on tree-ring samples, there was a rapid rise in radioactive carbon-14 in the environment during this time, which is associated with increased solar activity.\n\n“These findings allow us to recreate the history of solar activity a century earlier than previously available records,” explains Mitsuma. “This research can assist in our ability to predict future solar magnetic storms, which may damage satellites and other spacecraft.”\n\nContacts and sources:\nUniversity of Tsukuba\n\nCitation: “The Earliest Candidates of Auroral Observations in Assyrian Astrological Reports: Insights on Solar Activity around 660 BCE.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters (DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab42e4)\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9983047246932983}
{"content": "What Is the Proper Way to Interpret Mold Reports\n\nPosted on: October 20, 2014 | By: Michael T. | Air Quality, mildew, mold inspection, mold remediation, mold removal, mold testing, san francisco\n\nMold Reports\n\nWhat Is the Proper Way to Interpret Mold Reports\nBy Dr. Harriet Burge, EMLab P&K’s Director of Aerobiology\n\nWhen samples are sent to the lab for analysis, the recovered data is presented to you in a report that provides concentrations or presence/absence information for the organisms of interest. Figuring out what all of the columns mean can be a challenge. However, some of this data can be very helpful in interpreting the data.\n\nMost spore trap reports include columns for the amount of air sampled, the number of spores counted, an extrapolation of this count if only part of the slide was counted, and a calculation of spores/m3 of air for each type of spore. In some cases only the extrapolation count is presented. Let’s assume that the entire sample was counted and the actual number of spores seen is recorded on the report.\n\nThe amount of air sampled is usually listed in liters. The number of liters sampled is derived from the flow rate of the sampling device (often between 10 and 15 liters/min) and the length of time the sampler was operated. So if you collect a 5 minute sample at 15 liters/minute you have collected 75 liters of air.\n\nConcentrations are listed on the report in terms of spores/m3 of air. Therefore, the number of spores counted is converted to spores/m3 by dividing the spore count by the amount of air sampled in cubic meters.\n\nSo how does this information help you? Let’s say the report lists a concentration of 13 Stachybotrysspores/m3 of air. How many actual spores were counted to reach this number? We look at the spore count for Stachybotrys and see that only a single spore was seen. With only a single spore captured on a sample there is a significant chance that that one spore was the only one present in the entire room. It could also represent the calculated concentration, or it could be a gross underestimate of the actual number. These situations have similar probabilities. Note that if you had collected a 10 minute sample at 15 liters/minute you would have collected 150 liters or 0.150m3, and if only one spore were seen, the calculated concentration would be about 7 spores/m3.\n\nStatistically, the probability of a calculated number representing the actual concentration becomes significant at an actual count of about 10 spores. This represents a concentration for a 5 minute sample at 75 liters/min of 133 and for a 10 minute sample 67. This explains, in part, why we tend to consider spore counts less than 200 of little quantitative importance, regardless of the taxon.\n\nOf course, concentrations are not the only aspect of the data that are important. The consistent presence of even low levels of some taxa is likely to indicate growth somewhere in the space. For example,Stachybotrys tends to be found in very low levels and infrequently in outdoor air. If it is consistently present in indoor air then an indoor source is probably present. Remember, however, that as far as exposure is concerned, low concentrations of these fungi are not of concern.\n\nNow let’s consider a dust sample analyzed quantitatively for culturable fungi or bacteria. On the dust sample report will be columns that indicate how much dust was actually used in the assay, how many colonies were recovered, and the calculated colony forming units/gram of dust. So you send in a sample that weighs 1 gram.\n\nIn the laboratory the dust is sieved, then a small portion is separated for analysis. This small portion we will say for simplicity’s sake is 100 milligrams. The sample is suspended in liquid (let’s say 1ml) and 0.1 ml of this suspension is placed on a culture plate. This is a simplification of the process but should suffice for this discussion.\n\nAs an example, let’s assume you recover 10 fungal colonies on the plate. What does this mean in terms of cfu(colony forming units)/gram of dust? In order to discover this concentration we have to account for the small amount of dust actually used in the analysis and for the small amount of the suspended sample we used for plating. If we used 100mg of dust (0.1g, and 0.1 ml of the suspension then we have to multiply the 10 colonies by 100 (or divide by 0.1×0.1=0.01. Thus, our result is 1,000 cfu/gram of dust. Actually, we would report cfu/gram of dust for individual taxa.\n\nSo if we had 1 Stachybotrys spore on the culture plate, the final concentration of Stachybotrys colony forming units would be 100 per gram of dust. This sounds like a significant number, but note that it is based on a single Stachybotrys colony.\n\nIn actual practice, most labs dilute the original suspension by factors of 10 and incubate all of the plates. Then the plate with the most appropriate number of colonies for each taxon is chosen for calculating cfus. If the most concentrated dilution (which is essentially 1:10) is overloaded, then the 1:100 plate (or a higher dilution) is chosen. This procedure sometimes leads to low counts for individual taxa, especially if there is an abundance of one fast growing fungus. In these cases, as discussed above, it is important to consider the low colony counts if quantitative assessments are being made.\n\nThe bottom line: it is important to note the number of spores or colony forming units on which the reported concentrations for any type of quantitative sampling are based. If the number of spores or colonies (by taxon) is less than 10, then extreme caution should be used in interpreting the data quantitatively.\n\nThis article originally appeared in the January 2010 issue ofIndoor Environment Connections. Reprinted by permission.\n\nDr. Harriet Burge   About Dr. Harriet Burge\nDr. Harriet Burge is EMlab P&K’s Director of Aerobiology and Chair of EMLab P&K’s Scientific Advisory Board. Widely considered the leading expert in indoor air quality (IAQ), Dr. Burge pioneered the field more than 30 years ago. She has served as a member of three National Academy of Sciences committees for IAQ, including as Vice-Chair of the Committee on the Health Effects of Indoor Allergens.View Dr. Burge’s Curriculum Vitae.\n\nRead “Ask Dr. Burge” articles\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9985913634300232}
{"content": "Test: PSAT Critical Reading\n\nAdapted from \"Taking a Second Look: An Analysis of Genetic Markers in Species Relatedness\" by Joseph Ritchie (2014)\n\nPhylogenetics is the study of genetic composition in various species and is used by evolutionary biologists to investigate similarities in the molecular sequences of proteins in varying organisms. The amino acid sequences that build proteins are used to construct mathematical matrices that aid in determining evolutionary ties through the investigation of percentage similarities. The study of these matrices helps to expose evolutionary relationships between species that may not have the same overt characteristics.\n\nSpecies adapt and evolve based on the pressures that exist in their environment. Climate, food source, and habitat availability are only a few factors that act on species adaptation. These stressors can alter the physical characteristics of organisms. This divergence in evolution has made it difficult to determine the interrelatedness of organisms by analyzing their physical characteristics alone.\n\nFor instance, looking only at physical characteristics, the ghost bat resembles a pigeon more than a spider monkey; however, phylogenetics has found that the amino acid sequences that construct the beta hemoglobin molecules of bats are twenty percent more similar to those of mammalian primates than those of birds. This helps reject the assumption that common physical characteristics between species are all that is needed to determine relatedness. \n\nThe differences produced by divergent evolution observed in the forest-dwelling, arboreal spider monkey and the nocturnal, airborne ghost bat can be reconciled through homology. Homologous characteristics are anatomical traits that are similar in two or more different species. For instance, the bone structure of a spider monkey’s wrist and fingers greatly resembles that of a bat’s wing or even a whale’s fin. These similarities are reinforced by phylogenetic evidence that supports the idea that physically dissimilar species can be evolutionarily related through anatomical and genetic similarities.\n\n\nAccording to the passage, which of the following does a bat most physically resemble?\n\n\nSpider monkey\n\n\n\n1/22 questions\n\n\nAccess results and powerful study features!\n\nTake 15 seconds to create an account.\n  • Full length diagnostic tests\n  • Invite your friends\n  • Access hundreds of practice tests\n  • Monitor your progress over time\n  • Manage your tests and results\n  • Monitor the progress of your class & students\nLearning Tools by Varsity Tutors", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9338014125823975}
{"content": "Is Maratha Are Rajput?\n\nWhy do Rajputs use Singh?\n\n\nThe Rajputs started using Singh in preference to the classical epithet of “Varman”..\n\nWho killed Ahmad Shah Abdali?\n\nIn 1747, Nader Shah was assassinated by his own guards. The guards planned the murder so secretly that Abdali’s regiment could not rescue him. One of Ahmad Shah’s wives told him that Nader was killed. Ahmad, along with his army, rushed to save him, but when they reached, their leader, Nader, had already died.\n\nIs Maratha lower caste?\n\nMarathas, on an average, are as poor as Brahmins and other forward castes, but less poor than OBCs and SC-STs. … The average years of education for Marathas is 6.58, which is lower than Brahmins by 2.18 years, but is similar to other forward castes and OBCs, and 1.22 years more than the SC-STs.\n\nWho is better Maratha or Rajput?\n\nYES, The ‘Maratha Empire’ was much bigger and stronger than the Rajput Kingdom. The Mughals and Marathas successfully established the biggest ‘Empires’ of India namely the Mughal Empire and Maratha Empire.\n\nAre Maratha shudra?\n\nYes.. Marathas are Shudras. The Peshwas are Brahmins.\n\nWhat caste is Shinde?\n\nShinde (Marathi: शिंदे) is a clan of 96 kuli maratha of Kunbi origin. Variations of the name include Scindia, Scindhia, Sindhia, Sindia, Sindhe and Shinday.\n\nWhy did Maratha lost Panipat?\n\nSadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. … This was strategically a major loss for the Marathas, since Shuja provided much-needed finances for the long Afghan stay in North India.\n\nAre Maratha Brahmins?\n\nGradually, the term Maratha came to denote an endogamous caste. From 1900 onwards, the Satyashodhak Samaj movement defined the Marathas as a broader social category of non-Brahmin groups. These non-Brahmins gained prominence in the Indian National Congress during the Indian independence movement.\n\nWho defeated Ahmad Shah Abdali?\n\nLater troops of 20,000 horsemen of Timur Shah Durrani was defeated and captured by Sikhs. This resulted in insecurity in mind of Adina Beg, who invited the Marathas, who had taken Delhi to come to Punjab and recapture Lahore. Sikhs and Marathas rout Afghans from Lahore by March 1758.\n\nDid Sadashiv Rao died in Panipat?\n\nSadashivrao Peshwa (3 August 1730 – 14 January 1761) was son of Chimaji Appa (younger brother of Bajirao I) and Rakhmabai (Pethe family) and the nephew of Bajirao Peshwa….Sadashivrao BhauBorn4 August 1730 Pune, IndiaDied14 January 1761 (aged 30) Panipat, IndiaSpouse(s)Umabai Parvatibai14 more rows\n\nDoes Maratha and Rajput are same?\n\nMarathas are warriors and hence kshatriya of Maharashtra. Rajputs are warriors and kshatriyas for Rajasthan. Many rajputs and maratha have same ancestral links. … Marathas are warriors and hence kshatriya of Maharashtra.\n\nWhat caste is Maratha?\n\nThe term Maratha is used in three overlapping senses: within the Marathi-speaking region it refers to the single dominant Maratha caste or to the group of Maratha and Kunbi (descendants of settlers who came from the north about the beginning of the 1st century ce) castes; outside Maharashtra, the term often loosely …\n\nIs Thakur a Rajput?\n\nThakurs are upper-caste Rajputs. They are a dominant landowning caste. Thakur is a term of respect used in different ways. It is sometimes used to describe Brahmins.\n\nAre Rajputs rich?\n\n\nIs Rajput a low caste?\n\nThe Rajputs, in states such as Madhya Pradesh are today considered to be a Forward Caste in India’s system of positive discrimination. … But they are classified as an Other Backward Class by the National Commission for Backward Classes in the state of Karnataka.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6490257978439331}
{"content": "Third, the common fault and elimination of the resistance screen\n\n- Jul 26, 2019-\n\n1. The touch screen touch mouse only moves in a small area or the resistive touch screen is not allowed. Generally, this happens when the driver is installed for the first time. Please run the touch screen calibration program. The touch screen calibration procedure (start-program) must also be run after changing the display resolution. The mouse always appears at a certain point on the four sides of the display because the touch area of the resistive screen (the surface of the resistive screen is divided into two parts: the touch area and the non-touch area, and clicking on the non-touch area is not responsive) is the display case or the cabinet case. Pressed, it is equivalent to a point that has been touched. If the cabinet case is pressed against the touch area, you can increase the distance between the cabinet and the monitor screen. If the display case is pressed against the touch area, you can try to loosen the screws on the display case. If not, please Contact our technical department.\n\n    3. The mouse moves in the opposite direction to the hand, which is the four-wire connector connected to the touch screen control box and the touch screen.\n\n    4. Touch no response to check whether the connection of the touch screen is connected. One of the connections to the keyboard port of the host (take the 5 volt touch screen working voltage from the keyboard port) is not connected. Please check the connection to observe the touch screen control box light, if not If the light is on or off, the control box is broken. Please replace it. If the confirmation is not the above, please remove the touch screen driver and restart the computer to reinstall the driver, or replace the driver with a newer version.\n\n    Whether the device conflicts with the serial port resource in the host to check each hardware device and adjust it. For example, after some NICs are installed, the default IRQ is 3, which conflicts with the IRQ of COM2. In this case, the IRQ of the NIC should be changed to the unused IRQ. It may also be that the computer motherboard and the touch screen control box are not compatible. Please replace the host or motherboard. If the touch screen is used for a long period of time and some areas of the touch screen cannot be touched, it may be that the touch screen is broken, please replace the touch screen.\n\nPrevious:Infrared touch screen common faults and troubleshooting Next:Resistive touch screen failure phenomenon analysis and processing method failure", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9800753593444824}
{"content": "While nobody plans to become addicted or dependent on a substance for mental or physical relief, addiction still remains a life-threatening disease. Physical wounds tend to heal faster, but emotional scars of our life affect us the most. Events like trauma, work-related stress, rape, bullying, physical or mental abuse, domestic violence, witnessing violence, near death experiences leave us struggling to cope up.\n\nIn order to cope up with such mentally stressful events, people resolve to substance abuse or addiction. It can be drugs, alcohol, food, chocolate or even an activity such as gambling, working too much. People often use the word addiction casually referring to someone or themselves as coffee addicts, shopaholic or workaholic, but addiction is much deeper than that.\n\nWhat is Addiction?\n\nClinically speaking, addiction is a brain disease in which a person involves themselves in the use of a substance or in a behavior that is rewarding in such a way that they want to repeatedly pursue it without giving up. Despite its detrimental consequences, it makes them feel better or feel good. Addiction activates the brain’s pathway of reward or reinforcement by stimulating the pleasure factor.\n\nAs a result, the feeling of craving happens in our brain when the person picks up an environmental cue like smelling the beer, seeing the corner where the dealer can be found. Since addiction affects the brain’s functions, the patient may not even be aware that their behavior is causing trouble for themselves and others.\n\nUnderstanding Addiction – How the brain gets affected \n\nOne of the most complex organs of our body – the brain is affected by addiction in the following three critical areas:\n\n  1. Brain Stem – Basic bodily functions like eating, sleeping, heart rate etc. It links the brain with the spinal chord that runs down the back of our body enabling us to undertake important activities\n  2. Limbic System – It is a bunch of brain structures that stimulate emotional responses like feeling pleasure when eating chocolate or drinking alcohol\n  3. Cerebral Cortex – It is our central thinking and decision-making capacitor that helps us to process information, plan and solve problems\n\nUnderstanding Addiction: The Role of Neurotransmitters\n\nThe neurons in our brain communicate with other neurons throughout the body by sending electrical impulses or signals. The substance of abuse interfere with the brains processing and produce excessive amounts of neurotransmitter. This alters our mood leading to greater pleasure than normal.\n\n  • Dopamine – Surges in this neurotransmitter produce euphoric feelings with a strong sense of reinforcement. It triggers cravings to perform a certain behavior\n  • Glutamate – A neurotransmitter that is key to the learning process of our memory interacts with dopamine to trigger the reward-related learning circuit of the brain. Addictive substances and behavior activate and overload this circuit enabling us to seek out the source of pleasure\n\nThe Road to Recovery\n\nIn order to get out of addiction, it is not just enough to say no, instead, say yes to other things that are more rewarding. A holistic approach towards the treatment of addiction is the most recommended path to recovery. One important step is to understand what you get from the substance or activity of addiction and how you can accomplish the same benefit through other unharmful means.\n\nSince addiction is more of a mental disease, the road to recovery lies in your hands. First, try to accept your problem and seek medical attention to make simple lifestyle changes. Natural means of recovery like exercise, yoga, diet control, and natural supplements will work wonders to help get out of addiction.\n\nIn fact, naturopathic healing practices offer great outcomes when it comes to addiction treatments. Since addiction recovery at its core is more about developing a healthier life with greater rewards, naturopathy and addiction treatment go hand in hand. Naturopathy healing will help patients cultivate healthy habits for an addiction-free life without going back to relapse mode.\n\nWhy are we drawn to food that harm us? Understanding Food Craving\n\nLearn How Alcohol Impacts your Body and Mind – Ayurvedic Perspective", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9352715015411377}
{"content": "Study abroad in… Evangelical America\n\n\n\n\nListen to this Moth episode here.\n\nWhere has the conversation gone?\n\n\n\n\n\nYou texted or did emails during a meeting\n\nYou put in headphones to avoid a conversation with someone\n\n\nYou emailed someone who sits near you instead of talking to them\n\n\nYou didn’t pick up the phone when someone called\n\nYou avoid a difficult conversation, instead opting to email it\n\nYou pulled out your phone during a lunch with coworkers\n\nAll of the above are conversation avoidance behaviors.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDo executives need to upskill?\n\n\n\nTwo thoughts from this report:\n\n  1. Do executives think they need to upskill? Maybe their inability to see the training needs, new jobs, and workforce of the future is shaped by their inability to reskill.\n  2. Americans who think their companies are going to invest in them and their future career are mistaken.\n\nI need to put this glorious gif somewhere\n\nMy love (obsession?) for career education is deep. I could talk about how we train people for the job search and the future of work for hours (and sometimes I do). I love listening to peoples’ work lives. But I know career education isn’t the most entertaining subject. As much as I try there’s only so much I can do to transform traditional career advice like “research all the companies”and “LinkedIn is your power tool” into engaging content. Enter, gifs. I love gifs. My newsletters have them. My courses have them. Gifs help me liven up some of the driest parts of my career content (and really, when I say dry I mean desert-dry…)\n\nToday I hit a major milestone in my gif appreciation: I made my own.\n\nI teach people how to build soft skills, specifically negotiation, networking, and public speaking. Unfortunately developing these three skills make people feel incredibly uncomfortable. To deal with discomfort I drive home this motto: embrace awkward. Awkwardness is to be expected when we try new new things. Awkwardness happens with difficult conversations. Stepping outside our comfort zone is bound to be awkward. Avoiding awkwardness is futile. Instead, we should embrace it and power the the fuck through it.\n\nPower-the-fuck-through-it doesn’t make for snappy, corporate friendly workshop copy, so Embrace Awkward is my go to motto.\n\nAnyhow, I’ve enshrined my favorite career advice in a lovely gif for my upcoming course, How to Ask for a Raise.\n\nMy day’s work is complete.\n\nAccent party\n\nYour oral apparatus – lips, tongue, jaw, throat – functions likes a machine, a precision tool to produce the sounds of your native tongue. To learn a different accent you have to understand how that machine works, take it apart and reassemble it. – PRI World, Why People are Still Trying to “Lose” their Accent\n\nThis delightful episode takes you on a linguistic ride into people’s attempt to rid themselves of their accent. From immigrants to Bostonians to Southerners, people trying to lose their accents share their motivations and challenges.\n\nThis episode has it all: tonal languages, tongue stretches, survival words, writing accents into novels, and questioning why its still acceptable to make fun of people with accents. Listen as a Russian woman moves from a Russian accent in English, to a British one, to an American one. It’s an amazing linguistic feat.\n\nSo about that graduate program you’re thinking about doing\n\n\n\n\nStart upskilling for AI now\n\nIn 2017, roughly 70,000 postings requested AI skills in the U.S., according to our analysis of job postings. That’s a significant change, amounting to growth of 252% compared to 2010. Burning Glass also found that demand for AI skills is now showing up in a wide range of industries including retail, health care, include finance and insurance, manufacturing, information and professional services, technical services, and science/research. – Burning Glass Technologies\n\nI’ve been seeing AI skills pop up in random job posts. I’ve wondered if it’s part of a bigger trend. It’s hard to get perspective since I’m not in the job market. Amazon leads the hiring for AI skills by a mile but GM, Accenture and Deloitte are also investing heavily. The most in-demand AI skills:\n\nsoftware developer/engineer, data scientist, data mining/data analyst, data engineer, computer systems engineer/architect, medical secretary, systems analyst, product manager and business management analyst.\n\nMedical secretary threw me for a loop. Maybe because they’re working with new AI medical technology? Regardless it’s time to upskill.\n\n\nAI for the doctor’s office\n\nSmartExam acts as a virtual physician’s assistant – an automated medical resident, if you will – that enables primary care providers to deliver efficient remote care while cutting costs and improving outcomes… The intelligent software dynamically interviews patients, using answers to garner more information and support providers in the care delivery process… SmartExam lets providers achieve as much, or more, in a two-minute virtual patient visit as the 20 minutes of provider time needed for an office visit, the company said… “It allows clinicians to operate at the tops of their licenses,” said Constantini. “They can focus on what they do best — diagnosis and treatment.” – Bright.MD raises another $8M for “virtual physician’s assistant” SmartExam\n\nI wonder if current medical students are taught how to integrate AI software into their training.\n\n\n\n\n\nSo here’s to 2018, the year of the upskill!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8940081000328064}
{"content": "Skip to main content\n\nEdinburgh Centre for Medical Anthropology: SoMA: Students of Medical Anthropology\n\n\nWorlds Beyond Us: SoMA Symposium on the Human & Non-Human in Medical Anthropology\n\nsoma symposium poster\n\nImage may contain: 9 people, including Niamh Woodier, Cormac Cleary and Maythe S. Han, people smiling\n\n\nWelcome:  10.00 - 10.20 am\n\nProfessor Ian Harper (Director of Edinburgh Centre for Medical Anthropology)\n\nRitti Soncco (Representative of Students of Medical Anthropology and Symposium organiser) \n\nGroup 1:  Practises of Care Beyond Personhood (10.20 - 11.20 am)\n\nImage may contain: 4 people, including Niamh Woodier, people sitting and indoor\n\nMaterial objects and art & design-based methodologies for research with people with dementia - by Valeria Lembo (Edinburgh Centre for Research on the Experience of Dementia, University of Edinburgh)\n\nIn recent years there has been a growing interest in arts and design for dementia care. This attention has been also manifested in a growing body of studies that have used innovative research methods in order to understand more effectively the experiential dimension of living with dementia (Bellass 2019). Dementia studies are increasingly looking at innovative visual, kinaesthetic and sensory approaches to methodology; some examples include: ‘walking interviews’; poetry, drama, participatory film-making, journaling (Bellas 2019); ‘wardrobe interviews’ and usage of material objects during one-to-one discussions, focus and reminiscence groups, including: photograph albums; prompt cards; visual images; fabric; clothing and accessories (Buse, Twigg 2014). Outside the specific field of dementia studies, social scientists Goopy and Assan (2019) have proposed an arts-based engagement ethnography (ABEE) for research with underrepresented communities. In their work, they have shown how the use of ‘cultural probes’ can relocate traditional power hierarchies between researcher and research participants and foster a collaborative process in which participants’ own hierarchies of importance can emerge and shape research. By examining these novel methodological trends, I intend to reflect on the potential of including material objects and ‘cultural probes’ within my PhD research design on arts and dementia care in Scotland. I further intend to reflect on the following questions: How can the research process within the social sciences be more inclusive towards people with dementia and let emerge their own questions? Can art-based/design-based methodologies be useful not only for ‘gathering data’, but also for creating meaningful research communities?\n\nGeneral Practice Receptionists: undervalued guardians of care? - by Niamh Woodier (University of Edinburgh)\n\nThere are few people who do not interact with a general practice receptionist. Receptionists make decisions everyday about who can see a GP, and when. In the everyday lives of patients these are significant decisions that cost time and sometimes upset. Yet for a figure that apparently has a controlling influence on the population, there is a paucity of literature that studies their work and larger role in delivering care services. Key literature surmises that, ‘the relational practice of receptionists seemed to me in some way inappropriate’ (Hewitt 2006, 279), and portrays receptionists as unable to handle ‘high-level procedural operations’(Spencer 2018, 2). This negative image in academic literature is compounded by their negative public image, and their unspoken role as a scape-goat for structural problems in primary healthcare. This paper attempts to reflect on some of the literature from personal experience in the work place. The paper reviews the role, knowledge and training and receptionists, and contemplates if the informal power of receptionists impacts the quality of care.\n\nNiamh Woodier\n\nGenerational differences in perceptions of medical student experiences of clinical attachments in surgery - by Debbie Aitken (University of Cambridge)\n\nIn the UK, medical students spend a large proportion of their training in the medical workplace; learning clinical skills, being enculturated into the profession and having the opportunity to see, hear and experience expert behaviour. These clinical experiences (known as clinical attachments or placements in the UK) provide students with the opportunity to learn in a ‘real world’ workplace environment with real patients. Studies have shown that students’ experiences can have an impact on what specialties they choose as careers, and in busy and high-pressure specialties such as surgery, negative experiences on clinical attachments have been linked to recruitment crises in these specialties. It is therefore imperative that we understand what the key players in clinical attachments (students and teachers) think contribute to students’ negative (and positive) experiences. Gauging this can be quite challenging, and as a result, changes or improvements are often made based on surveys of medical students’ opinions, or sometimes based on no evidence at all. It is important to go beyond surveys to explore the cultural issues that may exist in surgery. This study will use an ethnographic approach in order to explore generational differences and similarities between what medical students and their teachers (consultant surgeons) think about clinical attachment experiences. Preliminary results of the ethnographic study will be presented at the symposium.\n\n\nEntangled stories: Emergence of personhood in dementia care during Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) - by Cristina Douglas (University of Aberdeen)\n\nMedical and public health narratives of dementia are dominated by ideas of erosion and loss of personhood, cognitive abilities, self-awareness and agency. People with dementia are portrayed as living in liminal zones between living and dying (Kaufman 2006; 2015), challenging the differentiation between life/death, body/mind, person/non-person. In this debate, personhood, though occupying a central role, remains heavily associated with human exceptionalism. I propose an exploration of sociality in both dementia and human-animal relations, by looking at the entanglements of what it means to be alive at these margins. I propose a discussion of: ethical/legal aspects; Western normative definitions and narratives of personhood of both people with dementia and animals and their consequences (political and economic); and the imperative of challenging and potentially reframing these current definitions by taking into account the point of view of the body and senses involved on both sides, human and non-human therapy animals, in Animal-Assisted Therapy. Further, I explore what subject/self/person types emerge, shaped by new opportunities of being and becoming with each other. Finally, I explore how a multi-species moral community might alter knowledge about dementia and redefine the status that non-human animals play in the wider medical, public health and social community, targeting ‘marginal’ relations as potentially challenging hegemonic assumptions about what it means to be alive, human or animal.\n\nCoffee Break:  11.20 - 11.40 am\n\nGroup 2:  Life and Work With Non-Humans (11.40am - 12.30 pm)\n\nImage may contain: 3 people, including Cormac Cleary and Maythe S. Han, people sitting and indoor\n\nBeyond Resistance: Microbial worlds, military metaphors and the post-antibiotic era - by Iona Walker (BEYOND RESISTANCE Network)\n\nMicrobes are here to stay. Antimicrobial resistance is recognised as an “urgent global threat” (Hancock 2019) centred in militaristic metaphors and approaches. Yet as conventional therapies to ‘kill bugs’ decline in effectiveness, research increasingly asserts the integral role of microbiome in human health. I argue that this tension offers a unique opportunity to interrogate human-microbe relationships at a critical juncture, asking: what is the impact of the military metaphor on this relationship and how might it be imagined differently? Fisher states that “Freud’s unheimlich is about the strange within familiar” and that being in the presence of the ‘weird’ often means we are encountering the new and must adjust accordingly. The return of the microbe we cannot control I suggest, invokes this. To reimagine our relationship with the microbial world (the majority of which are either directly beneficial or neutral towards humans) we must confront this. Art has dealt with similar questions of the body through the abject, which reveals tangibly the ‘uncanny’ truths about the ecological nature of the ‘human’ body (such as the revulsion we may feel seeing cultures of bacteria sampled from human bodies). Combining art with multispecies ethnography to investigate human and non-human ecologies, what does it mean to be microbially entangled?\n\nIona Walker\n\nExperimenting on Animals: Taking animals seriously in social science ethics - by Cormac Cleary (University of Edinburgh)\n\nThere is a significant body of work across the social sciences which includes the nonhuman in its definition of the social. However little has been done to take seriously the challenges this kind of work presents to the practice of the discipline as a whole. Rather the nonhuman turn is generally acknowledged to have theoretical potential but on a practical level it is given essentially meaningless lip service. For example, the Association of Social Anthropologists’ Ethical Guidelines mention animals twice. The preamble states that the guidelines “apply to anthropological work whether studying ‘up’ and/or ‘down,’ with persons and/or animals.” Substantively, the document’s only piece of practical advice that mentions nonhumans advises against “economic exploitation of individual informants, translators, groups, animals and research participants.” The rest of the code focuses on generally accepted ethical principles for social scientific research, e.g. informed consent, few of which (with the exception of anticipating harm), are particularly relevant to nonhuman research subjects. In the natural sciences, on the other hand, it is common practice to incorporate nonhuman bodies in experiments, and there are well-developed ethics codes governing the interspecies encounter between researcher and subject. By examining the points of tension and confluence between social science ethical guidelines and natural science ethics codes about the use of animals in experimentation, I will explore the potential practical implications of nonhuman research subjects for research ethics codes in the social sciences.\n\nCormac Cleary\n\nKibbles of love and chicken: an interspecies story about dog food - by Maythe Han (University of Edinburgh) \n\nThis auto-ethnography tells the story of how I came to choose the ‘best’ food for Frank, my 4-year-old rescue border collie, who has been an integral part of my family since April 2017. With the premise that responsible dog ownership requires commitment not only of emotional and physical labour but also of economic capital, this essay explores the themes of love and care through examining the materiality of the kibbles that I feed Frank, and by contemplating the role that food plays in the maintenance of my more-than-human family. I show that dog food is a material site of interaction between and overlap of the emotional, physical, and economic elements involved in caring for a dog – that dog food is where the translation of the immaterial (love and care) into the material (kibbles) happens. In turn, I argue that the concept of materiality itself is quite multifaceted and fluid.\n\n\nLUNCH BREAK:  12.20 - 1.30pm\n\nGroup 3:  Follow, Enter, Unravel the Thing (1.30 - 2.20 pm)\n\npanel discussion\n\nThe social life of abortion pills in Britain and Ireland - by Leah Eades (University of Edinburgh)\n\nA growing number of British and Irish women are using mifepristone and misoprostol, commonly referred to as “abortion pills”, to terminate their pregnancies through early medical abortion (EMA). In this paper, I present an overview of the licit and illicit social life of abortion pills in Britain and Ireland – specifically, as they move within and between England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and the Isle of Man. In this region, differing laws and healthcare delivery systems have resulted in diverse and highly interconnected distribution and consumption practices, with pregnant people accessing EMA legally through regulated health services in countries where it is available and illegally via unregulated online distributors. This range of official and unofficial distribution channels contributes to the mobility of bodies, medications, and information within and between countries. I conclude by reflecting on some of the strengths and limitations of employing a biographical approach to explore the ways in which these pharmaceuticals intersect with borders and bodies in the context of this rapidly changing regulatory landscape.\n\nImage may contain: one or more people, screen and indoor\n\nPeople, Products and Power: Constructing the Moral Economy between Self and Product in Boycott Campaigns - by Sophia Celeste Hoffinger (University of Edinburgh)\n\nThis paper seeks to investigate the moral economy of the relationship between people and products in boycott movements by tracing how products have been made complicit in systems of oppression by humans and more-than-human institutions alike. Boycott movements take on a specific role in “the production, circulation, and use of values and sentiments” (Fassin 2012: 441) of products, companies and their position in the world. They mobilise an affective narrative that traces the connections between personal consumption, the state, the corporation with systems of oppression and marginalised groups. Thus, boycott campaigns move between the domestic, the national, and the international; between people, products, and companies. While situating boycott campaigns historically, this paper will focus on the moral economy of the Palestinian-led Boycott, Divestment, and Sanction (BDS) movement. This moral economy, I argue, is accentuated and revitalised by the production of ‘Brand Israel’, a national rebranding campaign initiated and co-designed by the Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2006. This talk thus explores some of the contingencies between BDS-led boycott mobilisations and Brand Israel.\n\nImage may contain: 1 person, indoor\n\nA Geography of Tolerance: The Making or Unmaking of the Lyme Disease Epidemic in the Scottish Highlands - by Ritti Soncco (University of Edinburgh)\n\nThis paper discusses the role that historical and modern-day social constructions of Scottish landscapes play in making Lyme disease invisible as it becomes endemic to the country. Lyme disease is notoriously difficult to identity and diagnose in patients - yet beyond the human, this problem has extended to landscape bodies. My focus is on the Scottish Highlands, whose glens, crags, and cairns are both a habitat for ticks carrying Lyme disease and a geography of loss, healing, memory and tourist performances of beauty. I offer a brief historical excursion to the 18th century, when the Highland Clearances saw the expulsion of thousands of Highlanders from their lands and the systematic dismantling of a way of life, and the introduction of sheep and deer, as well as their romanticisation and construction of authenticity in poetry, novels, films, and the tourist industry. What were once historically violent landscapes are today performed by tourists, residents and hillwalkers as safe and peaceful spaces, with British children brought up under the mantra: “nothing here can kill you”. Offering my theory of ‘geographies of tolerance’, I discuss how constructions of landscapes as authentically remote, safe spaces has played on transforming humans into undesirable Others, and the space this construction leaves for a growing epidemic such as Lyme disease, giving both the tick and the bacteria multiple hiding spaces in the folds of historical healing, non-human kinship, and peaceful countryside.\n\nImage may contain: 1 person, smiling, sitting and indoor\n\nwhite image", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9916908740997314}
{"content": "The Mariana Trench is the deepest point on Earth\n\nPygmy City is the strangest tourist place in the world\n\nKingdom of Pygmies\nA new kind of tourism has emerged in southwest China's Yunnan Province where a generation of pygmies has established a real city in Kunming with a population of only 130 cm.\nThe city has all the facilities and services available in regular cities such as shops, infrastructure public relations department and the Ministry of Health. Small houses are also designed in the form of mushrooms.\n\nThe city is a small kingdom, where a dwarf king was installed with dwarf guards guarding his security and security of the city.\nIn the Pygmy Kingdom, the tourist feels that he is a giant man in a world filled with fairy tales. The city founded by a generation of pygmies is located in Kunming Yunnan Province. The kingdom has about 100 Chinese dwarfs who are required to join the private community not to exceed 130 cm From 18 to 40 years old.\nThe reason is that a group of pygmies in the Asian continent to escape the racism of human beings in general and away from the psychological problems resulting from the unacceptability of their form to escape from it all by building their own kingdom through which they can practice all aspects of their own life.\n\nJust as what gives the city the character of fantasy and myth is the pygmies keenness to wear the clothes of the famous mythological heroes.\nThe Pygmies claim that the idea of creating the city came to stop the discrimination they witness in their daily lives by Giants\" or ordinary people, but the reports revealed a tourist plan drawn up by major tour operators.\n\nA resident of Kunming, Fu Tian says the dwarfs used to get orders from the \"giants.Here, there's nobody else and all we do is just us.\n\nMore than 100 dwarfs live in Kunming, most of them engaged in entertainment, such as dancing, singing and living a normal life where they marry and have children.\n\nThe King is keen to attend all the entertainment offers to tourists and shake hands with the masses welcome them.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8450493812561035}
{"content": "Jade, Pounamu and Greenstone. What is the difference?\n\nGreenstone / Pounamu / Jade are often the same thing from different angles.\n\nPounamu is the Maori word for Jade but Tangiwai (Bowenite – a translucent Serpentine) is also Pounamu. Tangiwai is another translucent green stone we have in New Zealand and is very similar to Jade though more fragile. I would use Pounamu to describe New Zealand Jade or Tangiwai.\n\n“Greenstone” is the term Captain Cook used to describe Maori Jade carvings. It’s a term that is only used in New Zealand/Australia and is confusing in nature as we have a lot of “green” stones. I don’t normally use the term greenstone.\n\nJade is the common word for nephrite. It is used worldwide and is specific. Internationally the term Jade is used for two different stones – Nephrite and Jadeite. In New Zealand all our Jade is Nephrite but overseas the term Jade could be used for either depending on where you are.\n\nJadeite is a semi precious stone. It is harder than Nephrite so takes longer to carve and finish.  It comes in a range of colours a little different than Nephrite. Along with white and green, jadeite comes in reds, lavenders and yellows.\n\n\n– I would use Pounamu to describe NZ Jade (Nephrite) + some high quality Serpentine’s. \n\n– I don’t normally use the term Greenstone but it should mean the same as Pounamu.\n\nJade could refer to Pounamu or other jades from overseas (Nephrite and Jadeite).\n\n\nMore articles on jade carving\n\nCan Pounamu only be gifted, is it ok to buy a piece for yourself?\nCloud fractures or cracks, what’s the difference? \nJade carving, who do you work for?\nHand shaped jade beads\n\ngreenstone pounamu jade\nInanga Pounamu Ruru (Jade, Nephrite, Greenstone)\njadeite jade dolphins\nGuatemalan Jadeite Dolphins (Jadeite, Jade)\npounamu greenstone jade\nPounamu Rolled Leaf (Jade, Nephrite, Greenstone)\nbrown jade beads\nSiberian Jade beads (Jade, Nephrite)\njade beads insect\nJade insect necklace (17 different jades – both nephrite and jadeite from around the world)", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999765157699585}
{"content": "Collaborating Authors\n\nAMD sees another six months of video game chip shortages\n\n\nThe world's hunger for graphics chips for PCs and gaming consoles means there will be short supply in many markets through the first half of this year, according to chip titan Advanced Micro Devices. \"We did have some supply constraints as we ended the year,\" said CEO Lisa Su on a conference call with analysts Tuesday evening following the company's report of stronger-than-expected Q4 results. Shortages of supply \"were primarily, I would say, in the PC market, the low end of the PC market and in the gaming markets,\" said Su. \"That being said, I think we're getting great support from our manufacturing partners. The industry does need to increase the overall capacity levels. And so we do see some tightness through the first half of the year.\" AMD's Radeon RX 6900 XT graphics card, introduced last quarter.\n\nGesturing with your hands can make your words more memorable, new research suggests\n\nDaily Mail - Science & tech\n\nSearching for a way to make your point? Then look no further than your hands. Gestures such as slicing the air or waving can make what we are saying more memorable, according to scientists. It may explain politicians' annoying habit of making chopping motions to emphasise words in their speeches – and why people in some countries such as Italy tend to gesticulate when they speak. The research shows gestures can affect the sounds people hear, for example making vowels seem longer.\n\nTicker: Amazon adds jobs in Boston; Lottery sales, profits rising during pandemic\n\nBoston Herald\n\nAmazon's 2020 hiring spree does not appear to be slowing in the new year with the company announcing 3,000 new jobs in the city in coming years. The hires announced Tuesday will double the workforce in Amazon's Boston tech hub, with new jobs spread across Alexa, Amazon Web Services, Amazon Robotics and Amazon Pharmacy. In its most recent quarter which ended in September, Amazon hired more than 250,000 permanent full-time and part-time workers, Chief Financial Officer Brian Olsavsky said during a conference call with industry analysts. In October, the start of this quarter, it hired another 100,000. The jobs announced Tuesday in Boston include technology positions in software development, artificial intelligence and machine learning, as well as new jobs in product management, human relations, finance and other areas.\n\nTesla's dominant autonomous EV leadership, ride-hailing services, and the Boring Company\n\n\nARK Invest focuses solely on offering investment solutions to capture disruptive innovation in the public equity markets. ARK believes that the world is rapidly changing and passive investment strategies are counterproductive. ARK also believes that innovation is causing disruption and the risks associated with the traditional world order are rising. Therefore ARK invests at the pace of innovation. ARK's analysts are organized by a cross-sector innovation theme to capitalize on technological convergence across markets and industries.\n\nI recreated 'Phasmophobia' in 'The Sims 4' with the game's new paranormal pack\n\nWashington Post - Technology News\n\nWith each séance, things got spookier. The ghosts became angrier, soon transforming from green to red blobs that spewed fire from their mouths; they can set fire to homes and sims, making hauntings potentially lethal. My sims quickly became total wrecks, often exhausted from lack of sleep due to strange sounds and flickering lights, reminiscent of the terrors in \"Phasmophobia.\" They weren't eating properly or showering, because all they could think about was fear. While scared, sims hide under covers, take \"a panicked poop\" in the bathroom and scream incoherently to one another.\n\nSmart displays are stealing the show from smart speakers\n\n\nResembling a sawed-off section of stovepipe in black or PVC in white, the original Amazon Echo was the anti-smartphone. It operated tethered to an outlet, it was communal. And it was pre-pandemically touch-free if you didn't care about muting its microphone. Unbound by a display, it inspired voice-driven variants that ranged in size from tiny rings to giant rigs. We've hand-picked 11 smart displays that will satisfy a range of wants and needs.\n\n\n\n\nResearchers built an AI that plays chess like a person, not a super computer\n\n\nWe mere mortals haven't truly been competitive against artificial intelligence in chess in a long time. It's been 15 years since a human has conquered a computer in a chess tournament. However, a team of researchers have developed an AI chess engine that doesn't set out to crush us puny humans -- it tries to play like us. The Maia engine doesn't necessarily play the best available move. Instead, it tries to replicate what a human would do.\n\nUK regulator to write to WhatsApp over Facebook data sharing\n\nThe Guardian\n\nThe UK's data regulator is writing to WhatsApp to demand that the chat app does not hand user data to Facebook, as millions worldwide continue to sign up for alternatives such as Signal and Telegram to avoid forthcoming changes to its terms of service. Elizabeth Denham, the information commissioner, told a parliamentary committee that in 2017, WhatsApp had committed not to hand any user information over to Facebook until it could prove that doing so respected GDPR. But, she said, that agreement was enforced by the Irish data protection authority until the Brexit transition period ended on 1 January. Now that Britain is fully outside the EU, ensuring that those promises are being kept falls to the Information Commissioner's Office. \"The change in the terms of service, and the requirement of users to share information with Facebook, does not apply to UK users or to users in the EU,\" Denham told the digital, culture, media and sport sub-committee on online harms and disinformation, \"and that's because in 2017 my office negotiated with WhatsApp so that they agreed not to share user information and contact information until they could show that they complied with the GDPR.\"\n\nGoogle's Future, Artificial Intelligence, Is Now a Management Challenge WSJD - Technology\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5561535358428955}
{"content": "How Many Minutes A Day Should You Play With Your Cat?\n\nDo cats know when you are playing with them?\n\nCats will sometimes bring toys to humans as a request.\n\nThey are quite capable of understanding the concept of play.\n\n\n\nDo cats recognize faces?\n\n\nDo kittens like to be held?\n\nIn addition to being petted, do cats like to be held? Sometimes. Most cats love to snuggle, and they’re typically responsive to being held if you introduce them to it gradually. The best way to approach your cat for a hug is to start with a few soft pets, then carefully pick her up.\n\nHow many hours a day should I play with my kitten?\n\nPlaying with your pet every day for just 20 minutes not only provides both physical and mental stimulation but can also strengthen the bond between the two of you. Set aside time for at least two good play sessions a day. The best time for kittens is in the early morning or evening.\n\nDo cats know you kiss them?\n\n\nDo cats forgive abuse?\n\n\nShould I let my cat sleep with me?\n\n\nHow do you gain a cat’s trust?\n\nHow to Build Your Cat’s TrustRespect your cat’s space. … Observe body language. … Let your cat come to you. … Learn your cat’s limits to being touched. … Give your cat choices and respect the choice she ends up making. … Be predictable. … Decide how to make each interaction a positive one for your cat.More items…\n\nWhat is a cat afraid of?\n\n\nDo cats know their name?\n\n\nHow do I know if my cat is happy?\n\nA relaxed posture If your kitty is sleeping with their paws tucked under, they are feeling relaxed and at-home. An agitated cat will straighten its legs and erect the hair along the spine, while a cat in a good mood will shrink to appear small and unthreatening.\n\nWhen should I stop playing with my cat?\n\n“Generally if your cat walks away, is getting agitated, angry, stressed, too intense or becoming too stimulated, you should stop playing,” says Hartstein. “Several shorter play sessions tend to suit many cats better than one longer one.”\n\nIs it okay to play fight with your cat?\n\nCats don’t wrestle their prey to the ground and they don’t want to be wrestled to the ground by an adult human. It’s not a fair game at that point. Additionally, if you wrestle your cat and have her on her back, she will then be put in the defensive aggressive posture.\n\nWhy do cats bite when they are happy?\n\nRepetitive petting can cause your cat to become overly excited, and trigger an arousal-based bite. Commonly, I see static electricity as a reason for cats to bite during petting. … A pleasant scratch can become unpleasant rather quickly for certain cats, and they use their teeth to express their annoyance.\n\nWhy does my cat bite me gently?\n\n\nDo cats get sad when you leave?\n\n\nWhat does it mean when your cat stares at you?\n\n\nWhat does it mean when your cat sleeps on you?\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.896540641784668}
{"content": "Torquay acupuncture dry needling\n\nan ancient form of chinese medicine\n\nAcupuncture / Dry Needling\n\nPhysiotherapists have been using anatomical acupuncture and dry needling since the 1990s, as an adjunct to other forms of treatment, such as manual therapy, for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. Acupuncture points are selected based on your injury history and the corresponding muscles, joints and nerves affected by the condition.\n\n\n\nWhat to expect?\n\n\nAcupuncture points (also referred to as ‘acupoints’) are places on the skin that have a lower resistance to the passage of electricity than the surrounding skin and are part of a network of points that were mapped centuries ago by the Chinese. Most are found along ‘meridians’ or ‘channels’ that are believed to be the pathways by which energy or Qi (pronounced ‘Chee’) flows through the body. Acupoints are located either by identifying anatomical landmarks or by the classical method (for example: “the point where the middle finger touches the thigh when standing at attention”).\n\nA dull, heavy, or aching feeling often occurs when the needle is correctly placed. This is referred to as ‘de Qi’ and is considered by some traditional acupuncturists to be necessary for acupuncture to be effective. However, other experienced practitioners believe that relief of pain can often be obtained without provoking the de Qi response. Recent fMRI studies indicate that there is a difference in the response of the brain to needling with and without the de Qi sensation. 

The needles are typically left in place for 5-30 minutes, and your physiotherapist may manipulate the needles to strengthen or reduce the flow of Qi. Lifting, twisting, and rotating are some of the needling techniques a practitioner may use.\n\nStart typing and press Enter to search", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.776150107383728}
{"content": "Military Review\n\nRockwell B-1 Lancer Strategic Bomber (2 part)\n\nThe formation of a principled position on a promising unobtrusive machine left unresolved only one relatively simple question: what should be an intermediate aircraft. After discussions in December 1980, the concept of a long-range combat aircraft LRCA (Long Range Combat Aircraft) was formulated. The LRCA was supposed to be a carrier of SD SRAM and free-fall bombs, as well as long-range KRs, to have, like B-1, the ability to overcome enemy air defenses, but with the ability to launch missiles at a considerable distance from the target and, in some cases, without entering Air defense of the enemy. The possibility of performing LRCA operations using conventional bombs, sea patrols, and mines was also envisaged.\n\nB-1 B with back deflected wing\n\nB-1 B with wing in forward position\n\nThe B-1 project was modified in accordance with this concept in order to increase the flight range and combat load, as well as to reduce the visibility while reducing the maximum speed to a small supersonic one. As an alternative to the B-1 aircraft, upgraded versions of the B-52 and FB-111 bomber (under the designation FB-111H), as well as a wide-body carrier aircraft based on Boeing 747-200, were considered. Compared to them, the B-1 is the only aircraft that possesses the required combination of strategic flight range with high initial (or pre-combat) survival.\n\nThe aforementioned principle of the triad of US strategic nuclear forces was developed at the beginning of the 1960s under the leadership of then Secretary of Defense R. Macknamara as a reliable means of guaranteed retaliatory strike. Therefore, for each element of the triad (ICBM, SLBM, and airplanes), ways of surviving in the event of a sudden nuclear missile attack were provided. Including, initially, the requirements for the B-1 aircraft reflected the conditions ensuring its survival at home based airfields with concrete runways. Among them:\n\nthe ability to dispersed basing, which is provided by the use, firstly, of engines with afterburner chamber and variable sweep wing with high BOP and, secondly, of tanker trucks, which allow to take off with incomplete refueling and limited mass;\n\nthe possibility of a long autonomous maintenance of combat readiness of dispersed aircraft without ground support, which is provided by the CITS central integrated control system;\n\nthe ability to quickly leave the airfield at the command of an alarm with the help of an accelerated engine start system (from ground-based energy sources or from the Armed Forces of Ukraine) and an accelerated exhibition system of inertial navigation devices, as well as due to the high thrust-to-weight ratio and minimal aerodynamic resistance of the wing;\n\nhigh resistance to damaging nuclear factors weapons (light and electromagnetic pulse, radiation and shock wave) of all aircraft systems, as well as the security of its crew.\n\nThe B-1 aircraft has unique characteristics of initial survival, surpassing the B-52 by 2-3 times in some parameters. The FB-1 was capable of competing with the B-111 in this regard, which, moreover, could be hidden in a strong protective hangar, but it did not have the required flight range. Thus, as a weapon of retaliation among the American aviation B-1 had no equal systems.\n\nIn the construction of the В-1 В wing, the same seals are used as on the Panavia Tornado aircraft. The photo shows the Tornado interceptor FZ\n\nIn addition, the choice of basic design solutions (variable swept wing and forced engines) in the B-1 concept was able to consistently agree on the requirements for survival on the ground and in the event of air defense breakthrough. These means make it possible to achieve both high take-off and landing characteristics, as well as a high subsonic speed of a long flight at the ground outside the radio horizon. In terms of ground speed, the B-1 was significantly ahead of the B-52 (up to M = 0,95 instead of M = 0,55). Although the FB-111 has a maximum ground speed near B-1, its extended range FB-111Н was still to be created.\n\nB-1 also had the most mature design: by the end of 29 on April 1981 of the flight tests of four experienced bombers, their total flight time was 1895,2 h in 347 flights (the maximum number M = 2,1 at the height of 15240 m was reached, the longest flight duration was 9 h 40 m), the amount of testing 47 of various models in 17 of various ADTs reached almost 28000 h, the glider of the aircraft passed fatigue tests equivalent to three calculated resources, tests on the use of weapons included a discharge around 45 training bombs B-61 and p Wounds two SD SRAM. In this regard, B-1 was actually out of competition and October 2 1981. US President Reagan announced the decision to build 100 aircraft in an improved version of B-1В (previously built prototype aircraft were designated as B-1А). Simultaneously with the Northrop company, a contract was signed for the development of an unobtrusive ATV bomber, which later became known as the B-2. So B-1 became, in turn, following the FB-111, an intermediate aircraft.\n\nThe B-1B has almost the same configuration as the B-1A. The differences are mainly in a significant (at 36 t) increase in the maximum take-off weight and the possibility of placing a combat load not only in the bomb compartments, but also on the external suspension (the external suspension was not implemented by 1994), some reduction in the length of the aircraft, as well as in advanced equipment. The increase in aircraft mass did not lead to significant structural changes (only the chassis and wheel brakes were strengthened), because Rockwell predicted that 99% of all combat missions would be performed at 159-177 t, as in the original B-1A. The task of air defense breakthrough at a low altitude, which places the highest demands on the strength of the structure, should be carried out using weapons in the internal compartments.\n\nMechanization of a wing In-1 B\n\nThe bow B-1 B\n\nIt would be appropriate to say that the increase in the maximum take-off mass of the B-1В aircraft is practically unrelated to the revision of the concept and the introduction of design changes. As the analysis shows, the main reason for this is that during the technical development of its predecessor, the B-1 aircraft, the design characteristics have deteriorated since the conclusion of the contract so that it ceased to fulfill the requirements of the US Air Force for the main flight profile at 11300 km . Inspection of the project in 1973 showed that the likely increase in the mass of the empty aircraft will be 19%, and the specific fuel consumption of engines in subsonic flight will increase by 5%.\n\nTo compensate for the adverse effects of these factors, the company was forced to use a removable fuel tank to accommodate additional fuel and increase the maximum flight weight of the aircraft after refueling in flight along the main profile. Accordingly, the calculated take-off weight also increased.\n\nHowever, this would not be enough. The final solution to the problem of flight range was facilitated by the modernization of the KS-135A tanker fleet in the KC-135R / E variants, equipped with more economical dual-circuit engines instead of the previously installed single-circuit turbojet engines. This made it possible to increase the removal of the refueling line and the mass of the transferred fuel. The United States Air Force began upgrading its tankers in the 1981-1982, i.e. simultaneously with the work on the B-1B.\n\nOne of the main areas of work when creating a B-1V was to ensure its low visibility. Although it was obviously impossible to reach the level of specialized aircraft (B-2, F-117), according to American data, the efforts were crowned with success: it was possible to reduce the effective dispersion surface (ESR) from about 10 and 2 in B-1 to 1- 3 m 2 y B-1B, which is significantly less than the previous bomber B-52 (up to 100 m 2). According to other, more conservative estimates, the ESR of the B-1 is reduced by only four times compared to the B-52, but this can also be considered a useful result. Reducing the EPR is achieved by using radio-absorbing materials (in the design of the front and rear inclined partitions, fixed wing parts, in the interceptor zone, flaps, horizontal tail), changing the design of engine nacelles and shielding their fans, using electromagnetic pads from twisted wire in manhole seals and structural connections, tilt the radar antenna down at an angle of 30 °, metallization of the glazing of the cabin. However, the reduced visibility of the B-1В in combination with low-altitude flight and the use of the EW complex, while increasing the survival rate of the aircraft during the air defense breakthrough, at the same time, according to the Americans themselves, does not guarantee its invulnerability from the new Russian air defense system. For example, in 1987, the then Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force L.Welch said: “I hope that we will not find crews so stupid as to try to fly over SA-10 SA-13” (Russian designation: C-300 PMU).\n\nIn 1982, it was reported that Rockwell, together with Lockheed, known for her work on low-profile vehicles (F-117 aircraft), is planning to develop a specialized low-profile variant of the B-1C (“third generation”), which should compete with the B-2 bomber. However, these plans were not implemented in the same way as the idea of ​​creating a long-range interceptor with adjustable air intakes and the maximum number M = 2,2 had no continuation.\n\nThe first flight of the modified B-1A aircraft, which was used as a pilot on the B-1В program, took place on 23 in March on 1983. Despite extensive tests of the B-1А aircraft previously conducted, the new test program was not without incident. 29 August 1984. The B-1А N2 crashed due to a crew error committed in manually controlling the centering of the aircraft: the wing consoles were moved from the sweep angle 55 ° to the minimum sweep position and were accompanied by an erroneous setting of the switch for balancing the transfer of fuel back, which led cabling of the aircraft with access to the angle of attack 70 ° and stalling. The crew left the plane in the rescue capsule, but due to the malfunction of the parachute system, the capsule hit the ground with the nose, resulting in the death of the company's chief pilot (who was also the president of the US Test Pilot Society), and two other crew members were seriously injured.\n\nIn this photo of the fourth B-1 A, a pronounced dorsal gargroton is clearly visible.\n\nThe first production aircraft, B-1B, first flew 18 on October 1984 in October. Deliveries to the strategic aviation command of the US Air Force began on 27 in July 1985 and ended on 30 in April on 1988. (pcs. Texas), Ellsworth (pcs. South Dakota), Grand Forks (ngg.North Dakota) and McConnell (pcs. Kansas). Four aircraft were lost in flight accidents, in 1986-1993. It was supposed to put 1994 out of the remaining 13 airplanes to be conserved in order to be used further as a reserve in case of loss of operating aircraft.\n\nFour contractors (Rockwell, General Electric, Boeing and Eaton), 1 main subcontractors and more 50 suppliers participated in the B-3000В aircraft program. In 1986, when the maximum production rate was reached (four aircraft per month), the number of people employed in the program exceeded 50000 people, including 27000 people. at Rockwell's factories. Approximately 1 working drawings were developed for the production of the B-18000B, spare parts for each aircraft include at least 460500 parts.\n\nJuly 4 and September 17 1987 on the B-1 B aircraft 36 world records of speed and range were set on flights with a load of 30000 kg on closed routes of the length in the first case 2000 km with an average speed of 1078,2 km / h, and in the second case - 5000 km at an average speed of 1054,2 km / h. In August, 1993, as part of the Global Enterprise exercise (Global Enterprise), two B-1B aircraft made a round-the-world flight with one intermediate landing to train crews on long-haul flights. This is the longest flight of the aircraft B-1B.\n\nThe “whiskers” in the nose B-1 B are used to dampen the elastic vibrations of the fuselage in flight.\n\nThe first launch of the AGM-69 SRAM from the В-1В aircraft was carried out on 16 on January 1987, however SRAM missiles were not included in the B-1В loading, as they were later removed from the armament due to the expiration of storage periods. The first AGM-86B rocket was launched from B-1B 24 in November 1987, but by 1993, these CRs and advanced AGM-129 CRs were not yet incorporated into the aircraft’s armament.\n\nThe technical problems discussed below, as well as the unpreparedness of aircraft for the use of non-nuclear weapons, caused B-1B to not be used during the Gulf war at the beginning of 1991. In this, B-1B reiterated the fate of the first intercontinental bomber Konver V -36, who did not take part in the Korean war 1950-1953. due to lengthy refinement and operational difficulties.\n\nPutting B-1B into operation was accompanied by a number of major problems. Due to the unsatisfactory performance of the flight control system, the take-off weight of the aircraft was initially limited to 145 t. Later, due to the installation of stall prevention systems (SIS) and the increase of stability (SEF), the restrictions were relaxed. In October 1986, the maximum allowable flight weight was 187,3 t, and in September 1987, during record flight, the take-off weight reached 199,6 t. Later, after finalizing the SIS and SEF systems, the actual maximum take-off weight exceeded 200 t, although apparently 1994, it has not yet been brought to the calculated value 216365 kg. Due to various problems (engine failures, cracks in the landing gear design, aircraft icing), the fleet of the B-1В fleet was forbidden by 1992 several times.\n\nBut the largest drawback of the aircraft is the unsatisfactory performance of the AN / ALQ-161 defense system. By the fall of 1992, on an 13 aircraft, the EW system had not yet been installed, and on bombers equipped with an EW complex, the radar-radiation warning system was not fully operational under the conditions of the electromagnetic environment (enemy stations), which led to poor crew awareness setting. The most serious problem of this system is the lack of stability of its characteristics, and the individual components of the system worked well in laboratory conditions, but in a complex form, the system was unsuccessful.\n\nTo solve problems with the defensive system that threatened the survival of B-1В in combat, the air force G.TTT A in September 1992 decided to carry out a three-stage program for improving the B-10В fleet calculated for 1 years. First of all, it is planned to improve the warning system for PJI exposure, although, according to some estimates, it will not be possible to bring it to the level of TK requirements. It is also planned to improve the characteristics of onboard stations for jamming when flying B-1В at medium and high altitudes (when designing the station, they were optimized for low-altitude flight conditions). The software must be modified to highlight priority objectives in conventional bombing, and, as noted above, it is intended to ensure the use of precision-guided weapons from an aircraft. In general, the main task is to make possible long-term hostilities with strikes in any region of the world when operating the aircraft both from the territory of the United States and from advanced bases.\n\nPilots В-1 В in flight\n\nIn 1990's, B-1B planes are supposed to be used mainly as air defense breakthrough bombers instead of B-52 aircraft, which are redirected to be used as carriers of the Kyrgyz Republic for attacks without entering the enemy’s air defense zone and for performing operations using conventional weapons . With the entry into service of the new bomber breakthrough - B-2 - B-1В planes, in turn, were supposed to be redirected to the tasks of the carrier of the Kyrgyz Republic or a conventional bomber, however due to a sharp decrease in the number of ordered B-2 aircraft and delaying their arrival time the armaments of the B-1B will, apparently, for a long time play the role of main breakthrough bombers.\n\nAt the same time, the collapse of the USSR led to the cancellation of the round-the-clock duty of strategic bombers with nuclear weapons and the increasing potential role of B-1В as carriers of conventional weapons. According to the plans of the US Air Force, part of the B-1 and B-52 aircraft will be transferred from regular air forces to the National Guard Air Force and the Air Force reserve. Transferred conventional weapons bombers should be used in crisis situations. In the future, part of the B-1 B bombers are also expected to be transferred to the American wing of rapid deployment. This wing will be able to perform large-scale and deep night operations to isolate the combat area. The structure of the aircraft’s armament will include JDAM and JSOW high-precision adjustable bombs (which are supposed to ensure accuracy of bombing from a great height of no more than 10 m). It is expected that the B-1В with weapons from these bombs will be able to be used in the initial stages of the conflict to fight the enemy’s armored forces, acting in conjunction with the E-8 JSTARS radar reconnaissance aircraft. Thus, despite the difficulties of commissioning, В-1В must find its place in the American aviation, and not only in the strategic forces, where the USA (despite all the troubles stories) heavy bombers have always been assigned a significantly larger role than Russia, but also as part of the operational-tactical forces.\n\nAt the same time, the effectiveness of the B-1B with conventional weapons in the early 1990s was no higher than that of the B-52. During the Gunsmoke bombing race in the fall of 1993, during which the B-1B and B-52 competed with each other for the first time, a group of B-52 aircraft won. The conditions of the competition were to drop bombs with a caliber of 227 kg for single targets. Bombing under these conditions was difficult due to the fact that the navigation systems of the aircraft have insufficient accuracy, and radars are unable to detect targets like tanks on a “saturated” landfill. According to the pilots, \"dropping one bomb at a time is not the way these bombers are designed for ... it's like a shot at random in the dark.\"\n\nB-1B is inferior to its Russian counterpart Tu-160 in a number of characteristics: maximum payload, range, maximum speed (a more detailed comparison of these aircraft is given in the section on Tu-160), but the piloting qualities of both machines are about the same. This is evidenced by the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force, PS Deinekin, who visited the USA in May 1992 in response to a visit to Russia by a representative of the US armed forces in 1991. May 11 Deinekin flew a B-1В bomber. The aircraft took off with a small mass (about 150 t) and after refueling in the air, taking place through 4 m after takeoff, headed to the landfill zone (Nevada) to work out a strike on a tactical target, which was a model of an airfield. The flight to a target at a distance of about 800 km took place at an altitude of 90 m in an automatic mode following the terrain with a top flight and bypass in the horizontal plane of ground obstacles, the height of which reached 1500 m. The plane struck a tactical bombing strike on the target and performed an anti-foam maneuver, after which control of the aircraft was transferred to Deinekin.\n\nDashboard pilots B-1 B\n\nThe honored military pilot Deinekin, before being appointed to the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force, was commander of long-range aviation and was well acquainted with heavy bombers. He has extensive experience in piloting the Tu-22M bomber, on which he flew at altitudes up to 1976-45 m (50 m on the instrument) in 100, he also performed several flights on Tu-160 even before this aircraft was put into service. Therefore, piloting the aircraft B-1V for him was not a problem. He tested the aircraft in several modes and at the end dropped to a height of 65 m, and then 50 m. The American pilots were “pleasantly surprised” and emotionally stated that “our generals do not fly like that”.\n\nAccording to Deinekin, expressed in an interview with the authors of the book, the B-1В has approximately the same handling characteristics as the Russian Tu-160, but the practical methods of control of the B-1В and Tu-160 are very different due to different piloting techniques adopted in USA and Russia. For example, when piloting Russian heavy planes, stronger restrictions on overload are imposed; when landing, the plane goes not in a box, but is turned into a “pancake”. The American pilots fly boldly over the banks, overloads, the range of heights and \"piloting the strategic B-1В as a front bomber.\" For example, immediately after takeoff, the American pilot laid a U-turn with a large (up to 60 °) roll. After refueling in the air that occurred at an altitude of 6000 m (he scored this altitude for 4 m due to a high climb rate), the output to the automatic mode of following the terrain at an altitude of 90 m was made with a steep dive. Before landing, the B-1B flew in a box with steep turns (roll 30-45 °) and dropped sharply (“fell like an iron”) for landing. Of the other advantages of the American car, Deinekin noted good ergonomics and high quality of instruments in the B-1В cockpit (the indicator screen has a nice bottle color, the artificial horizon tracks the slightest heels).\n\nThe cost of the B-1В aircraft program was limited by the US Congress to 20,5 billion dollars at the 1982 exchange rate (28 billion dollars at the 1988 exchange rate), including the cost of serial production of 12,3 billion dollars. The price of one aircraft, taking into account all the costs of the program was 237,2 million dollars for the first 52 aircraft and 168,9 million dollars - for the remaining 48. The ten-year aircraft modernization program discussed above will cost 1,9 billion more.\n\nThe ending should ...\n\nArticles from this series:\nRockwell B-1 Lancer Strategic Bomber (1 part)\nRockwell B-1 Lancer Strategic Bomber (2 part)\nRockwell B-1 Lancer Strategic Bomber (3 part)\n\nI have an account? Sign in\n\n  1. Gemar\n    Gemar 23 March 2013 10: 01\n    The inscription in the cockpit smiled: \"Do not place anything behind the seat and under the seat!\" And where to put a box of popcorn ??? belay Not on your knees !!! request\n    But seriously, I think in the cockpit of the Tu-160 a similar inscription also exists.\n  2. vadson\n    vadson 23 March 2013 13: 23\n    one horseradish carcass is better!\n  3. saturn.mmm\n    saturn.mmm 23 March 2013 13: 41\n    Wonderful bomber B-1B and in the near future all aircraft in the arsenal of the United States will undergo modernization of avionics.\n\n    And our planes unfortunately ...... it is surprising that not all.\n    NAPOLEON 23 March 2013 14: 07\n    will fly about two hundred years.\n  5. Chicot 1\n    Chicot 1 23 March 2013 16: 12\n    In terms of technical, the Tu-160 in comparison with the B1 looks more solid. But the US Air Force has an undeniable advantage over ours in terms of strategic aviation. And this is not only a larger number of aircraft currently in service, but also their greater development (if I may say so). Americans fly more often. It is a fact. For us, alas, not joyful ...\n\n    В1 \"Lancer\" (general line-up)\n  6. Iraclius\n    Iraclius 23 March 2013 16: 24\n    Strategic bombers bring a lot of problems to the Americans. In fact, as of today, B-1В has not become a full-fledged strategist with the given characteristics. So the Americans still have to work and work. yes\n    1. Nayhas\n      Nayhas 24 March 2013 00: 22\n      B-1B in its current form is difficult to call a strategist, because he does not carry strategic KR, and the Americans are not trying to puzzle him with such functions, they have enough B-52 and B-2. In its current form, the B-1B supersonic arsenal fits perfectly with the theory of network-centric warfare, or rather it will become so in the B-1R variant.\n  7. Ascetic\n    Ascetic 23 March 2013 16: 51\n    According to the certificate of the honored military pilot of Russia P.S. Deinekin, the B-1B is inferior to our Tu-160 in a number of characteristics. maximum carrying capacity and speed, range, but the aerobatic qualities of both machines are approximately the same. The general also noted the advantages of the American machine on which he himself flew: these are the bomber’s great capabilities for overload, roll, altitude range, good ergonomics, and high quality instruments in the cockpit.\n    1. Iraclius\n      Iraclius 23 March 2013 17: 29\n      Ascetic, I already posted quotes from Deinekin’s memoirs yesterday. smile\n\n      In fairness, I am pleased to note that the B-1 appeared earlier than our aircraft and, again, the concept of its application was developed literally at the stages of R&D. The throwing of Americans between ballistic missiles and strategic aviation affected. The article shows a characteristic moment - the competition in the bombing of B-52 and B-1, which once again characterizes the current level of B-1. what\n      1. Nayhas\n        Nayhas 24 March 2013 00: 04\n        I repeat. Deinekin flew the B-1B in the old configuration. If the flight characteristics have not changed much, then the board has changed significantly.\n  8. castle\n    castle 23 March 2013 19: 07\n    Good day to all. As I understand it, PAK YES was asked by Tupolev Design Bureau. The result, despite the statements of Mr. Rogozin, will be expected. If you look at the Tu-4, this is a converted American B-29, the Tu-160 is an American B-1, but taking into account the fact that you learned from American mistakes and the experience of their operation, well, PAK YES, there will most likely be a converted American B-2. In 2011, I talked with the guys (designers and academics) at the MAKS in Zhukovsky, they said that in order to please Tupolev Design Bureau (not to please the Americans) they killed several interesting projects of Sukhoi and Myasishchev.\n  9. Iraclius\n    Iraclius 23 March 2013 20: 39\n    What to do. Tupolev was a man comfortable for political leadership. He didn’t climb on the rampage. And who is without sin? The main thing is that cars fly and perform the task.\n  10. barbiturate\n    barbiturate 23 March 2013 20: 50\n    well, the machine, who will use it wherever it is, is not better or worse, the amers of low altitude will not be technologically inferior, at least ours, high-altitude workers, visibility and light aug, etc., high reaction rate + excellent kinetics of the rockets. They have different tasks, just the laws of aerodynamics have not been canceled)\n    1. Nayhas\n      Nayhas 24 March 2013 22: 11\n      In the current state, the B-1B is better than the Tu-160, by 1991. Yes, ours was better, but then the B-1B developed, and the Tu-160 remained in the 20th century.\n  11. super-vitek\n    super-vitek 23 March 2013 23: 23\n    One of the most beautiful bombers. Very beautiful contours. [Media = http: //] [media = http:\n    //†. Besides ours, of course !!!\n  12. Bad_gr\n    Bad_gr 24 March 2013 11: 54\n\n    Interestingly, there are similar photos (above the water) with our airplanes?\n    1. spanchbob\n      spanchbob 24 March 2013 12: 16\n      Well, why so immediately and on the spot!\n      1. Bad_gr\n        Bad_gr 24 March 2013 13: 35\n        Quote: spanchbob\n        Well, why so immediately and on the spot!\n\n        smile With fighter jets, there are not bad shots, but over land, and, just look, this is not a strategic bomber.\n        1. Iraclius\n          Iraclius 24 March 2013 13: 44\n          In give! belay And if the breeze blows and belly flops?\n          Damn, I carefully handled my equipment in the park, otherwise the commander would take action quickly. lol\n  13. Odysseus\n    Odysseus 25 March 2013 05: 15\n    The main advantage of the B-1B is its ability to long-term flight at low altitudes with transonic speed. This, along with a wide range of weapons, a powerful electronic warfare system and low EPR from a 1/4 perspective, makes it a very serious opponent.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5212113857269287}
{"content": "Currently, containing “marked” genomes. The marks don’t alter\n\nCurrently, the worst prognosis\nof cancer is breast cancer that has spread or metastasized into other sites\nduring diagnosis16.  To\nprevent this metastasis (a spread of cancer to different body parts of where it\nhad started), millions of lives would be saved. However, the actual progress on\nthis front means to think about ways in which the metastasis inhibitors are\ntested within the clinical trials (S58)16. There are approximately\n1.3 million women in the world that are being diagnosed every year with breast\ncancer16. This makes it the second common cancer behind lung cancer16.\nThe emergence of the robust awareness-raising efforts, e.g., “the pink\nribbon campaign” has caused a rise in the public profile of breast cancer16.\nEstrogen is the primary hormone in stimulating growth and the development of\nbreast cancer7.\n\n The epigenome exists as a group of chemical\ncompounds which inform the genomes what to do18.  Human genomes exist as whole assemblies of\nthe DNA (deoxyribonucleic acids) approximately compromising of 3 billion base\npairs making each of the individuals unique18. The DNA preserves\ninstructions for the building of proteins which then carry a range of functions\nwithin the cell. Epigenomic compounds usually are secured to the DNA and can\nchange the functions containing “marked” genomes. The marks don’t\nalter sequences of DNA. Though, they adjust ways the cells use instructions of DNA18.\nMarks are normally passed from cell to cell when cell division taking place18.\nAlso passing from a generation to next generation18.\n\nBest services for writing your paper according to Trustpilot\n\nPremium Partner\nFrom $18.00 per page\n4,8 / 5\nWriters Experience\nRecommended Service\nFrom $13.90 per page\n4,6 / 5\nWriters Experience\nFrom $20.00 per page\n4,5 / 5\nWriters Experience\n\n Epigenetics is referred as the heritable\nchanges in the gene expressions, occurring without changes in the nucleotide sequence5.\nChanges include the chemical modifications of DNA by DNA methylation or the\nchanges of proteins, which closely link with the DNA, for example, histones,\nwhich bind and compact the DNA in chromatin packages5. Epigenetic\nmodifications are enzymatic also capable of being reversed/controlled by\nepigenetic inhibitors3. The epigenome is epigenetic state of a cell.\nIt usually is transmitted from the parent to the daughter cell which maintain\nthe precise epigenotype in the cell lineage15. Gene inactivation or\ngene silencing of a tumor suppressor gene can not only be achieved through\nmutations. It can be due to a result of inhibition or the translocation of\ncomponents of the transcription machinery15. A mechanism which leads\nto the inhibition of transcription is gene silencing via epigenetic changes,\ne.g., acquisition of promoter methylation which introduces alterations within\nthe chromatin structure15.\n\n The alterations of epigenetics are an\nessential factor in the development of cancers1. Changes in DNA\nmethylation are a factor in the early events of the progress in tumors. They emerged\nof a hallmark of many cancer categories including breast cancer2. These\nare also involved in the development of cancer and have a role in its\ndevelopment and its progression, as exemplified by breast cancer4. Environmental\nfactors and also lifestyle can cause a change within epigenomes. These include\nlifestyle factors and also the environmental which include diet, smoking even\nthe infectious diseases capable of exposing to an individual to pressures which\nprompt the response of chemicals18. Most cancers are due to the\nchanges within genomes or epigenomes but can be due to both of these.\nAlterations within epigenomes are capable of switching genes on or off\ninvolving the cell growth or immune responses. Changes of these can cause the\nuncontrolled growth, hallmarks of the cancers or the failure of the immune\nsystem in destroying the tumours18.\n\n Chromatin is a highly ordered structure\ncontaining nucleosomal repeats linked through linker DNA14. The\nchromatin complex comprises of histones, DNA, and also the non-histone proteins\nthat are condensed in the nucleoprotein complex14. There are two\ndifferent conformational organizations chromatin normally acquire. These\ninclude the heterochromatin (densely compact and transcription remains inactive),\nand the euchromatin (decondensed and the transcription remains active)14.\nHistones are small proteins that consist of a glomerular domain. They also have\na charged NH2 terminus (N-terminal tail) that is flexible and\nprotrudes from the nucleosomes14. Mechanisms for regulating the\ntranscription of genes is crucial for the cell differentiation, cell survival,\nand cell proliferation. When deregulated, this process can lead to malignancy\ndevelopment14. The main determinants of the chromatin structure are\nthe histone acetylation and the DNA methylation. The chromatin structure is the\nmain regulator of gene transcription10.  Within the nucleus, double-stranded DNA is\ncompacted and then organized in chromosomes3. DNA normally is\nwrapped around the histone protein-complexes to form a large nucleosomal\nstructure order3. The structure of chromatin is shown in figure 1.\n\nThe methylation of DNA happens\nwithin the compact chromatin, influenced by a range of changes within the\nhistone structures15. The chromatin is the nucleoprotein complex\nwhich compromises of the repeated units as nucleosomes. The single nucleosome\nconsists of two turns. The first one is the    \n\n DNA wrapped around the core histone octamer\nwhich consists of the H1A, H2B, H3 and the H4 histones15. The second\nis when genes are involved in DNA repair, cell cycle control, apoptosis\n(programmed cell death), angiogenesis and cell-to-cell interaction that are\nusually influenced by the hypermethylation of CpG-island promoters15.\nThese are also involved in the development of cancer15.\n\n\nFigure 1 | The Structures of\nChromatin adapted from 17. Nucleosomes,\nthe essential subunits of the chromatin, compromising of the octameric core histones\nincluding the two H2A-H2B dimers and also the H3-H4 tetramer, wrapped on the\ntwo superhelical turns of the DNA leading to the protein having a DNA ratio of\n\n A rise in the acetylation of histones promotes\nchromatin structures to open more which is linked to gene activation. The\nhistone methyltransferases (HMTs) mediate histone methylation8.\nHistone methylation events lead to changes in chromatin, alteration of\nepigenetic control of gene expressions, e.g. activation or repression of the\ngenes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle and cancer progression8. The\nmechanisms which play a role in altering breast cancer include DNA\nhypermethylation, the DNA hypomethylation, the histone hyperacetylation, the\nhistone demethylation also the histone methylation7. The three DNA\nmethyltransferases that are active include DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1\n(cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a), and DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase\n(DNMT3b). Expression of DNMT1 and DNMTb is often upregulated in breast cancer\ncells8. The DNMTs interact directly with the histone deacetylases\n(HDACs) and with proteins of the methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) family (a\nfamily of proteins located close to the promoter region to form the repressive\ntranscription complexes)8. Histone modification and chromatin\nstructure are affected by the molecular interplay between histone\nacetyltransferases (HAT) and the Histone deacetylases (HDAC)8.  \n\n The methylation of DNA is usually linked to\nnormal development and growth. An alteration in the pattern of the DNA\nmethylation is linked to the development of breast cancer, the metastasis, and\nthe progression3. Breast cancer is linked to hypermethylation of\ntumor suppressor genes and the hypomethylation of oncogenes (genes involved in\ncausing cancer)3. The epigenetic changes within cancers include the\nhistone modification, the DNA methylation, and assays. Histones have a role in\nshape maintenance of the chromatin structure11.  A range of post-translation changes can occur\nat the N-terminal tail of histone proteins, leading to a change in conformation\nwithin the chromatin, affecting the transcription of vital genes including\ntumor suppressors11. \nTranscriptional events can be affected by acetylation, methylation or\nphosphorylation of target proteins11. HDACs are a member of the\nprotein complex which is responsible for recruiting transcription factors to\nthe promoter region of the genes, including tumor suppressor genes11.\nThe regulation acetylation status is the specific cell cycle regulatory\nproteins11. The higher order structure is defined as the assembly of\nnucleosomes which assume the reproducibility conformation within the 3D space.\nThe common chromatin structure is mitotic/meiotic chromosome where DNA is\ncompacted in 10,000 to 20,000 fold. The metaphase chromosome compromises of the\nshapes, the banding patterns and also the locations of the particular genes1. \n\n Transcription factors (TFs) are the main\nproteins that are involved in regulating gene transcription. They bind\nspecifically at the cis-regulatory region of DNA. In breast cancer, the three\nmain TFs are ER?, FOXA1, and GATA3. TFs contribute to regulating gene\nexpressions that are linked to estrogen dependent tumor growth2.\nWithin breast tumors, activated fibroblasts (Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts) are\npredominantly of stromal cell type. CAFs also express myofibroblasts9.\nCAFs include; ?-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, neuron-glial antigen-2 also\nfibroblast specific protein 1, which can be used as markers. A range of growth\nfactors is then secreted9. \n\n DNA methylation is described as gene silencing\nthat happens due to DNA methylation at a promoter region of the gene11.\nFour bases; adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are the building blocks of\nthe genetic makeup. A methyl group (–CH3) is added to the pyrimidine\nring of a cytosine, by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), to form the\nmethylcytosine (DNA methylation).  These\nhave a vital role in hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes11.  DNA methylation processes occur only at the\ncytosines preceding guanine within DNA sequences known as CpG dinucleotides11.  CpG dinucleotides, existing in the genome,\ncan be profoundly methylated impeding the gene transcription.   When many CpG dinucleotides are found in the\nregion of gene promoters, these are referred to as CpG islands11.   A normal tissue of CpG islands is\nunmethylated, for gene transcription to occur. Within cancer, there is abnormal\nDNA methylation of CpG islands that obstructs the transcription of vital genes\nsuch as tumor suppressor genes11. The role of DNA methylation in\nbreast cancer has been well characterized by its epigenetic implications.  These usually occur within the cancer cell8.\nThe hypermethylated CpG dinucleotides that are in the promoter region have a\nvital role regulating the individual genes which promote carcinogenesis8.\nThe mediation of DNA methylation takes place through the action of DNA\nmethyltransferases (DNMTs). The DNA methylation takes place at a cytosine base\nlocated at the 5′ to guanosine, in a sequence known as the CpG dinucleotide5.  The regions of CpG are shown in cancer and\nnormal cells\nfigure 2. \n\nFigure 2 | Diagram shows the\nDNA methylation within cancer and healthy cells (adapted from 13 l The CpG\nislands indicated as “c” within the promoter region are actively\ntranscribed within normal cells and are un-methylated, permitting transcription\nactivities (indicated by green arrow).             \n The CpG islands elsewhere in the genes\nand the intergenic space are methylated (indicated as “M”). The red arrow\n(deleted with an “X”) indicates transcription which is repressed. However,\nwithin cancer cells, the reverse holds true13.\n\n Epigenetics field is thrilling and evolves areas\nof investigation within the cancer research and also therapeutics11.\nPossibilities of HDAC inhibitors to overcome the resistance of hormonal therapy\nin patients with advanced breast cancer is highlighted currently. However, a\nconfirmatory trial is required before information can be used within clinics11.\nWe can identify the robust biomarkers by forecasting response to HDAC\ninhibitors. However, confirmation is necessary for clinical trials in the", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.920699417591095}
{"content": "Anti-vax vs Pro-vax vs Inteligentsia\n\n\nAs I was driving around doing erands last week, I stumbled on Cross Country Check up on CBC. Rex Murphy was checking up on Canada, and had as his guest, Dr. Michael Gardam.\n\nIt was a pleasure to hear Dr. Gardam speak on CBC, and\nI’ve decided that Rex Murphy is definitely a ‘pro-vaxer’, I waffle, and Dr. Gardam is the intelligentsia (only the forward moving type.)\n\nIt was very empowering hearing Dr. Gardam’s opinions on vaccines, the hot topic of the day in regards to Measels, and a hot topic with me as the H1N1 flu shot was the trigger, twice, for my incurable and potentially life threatening health issues. I’ve been getting sucked into too many discussions on this polarized vaccine topic, where “you’re either with us or you’re against us” mentality rules the day. This feels like a black and white world, where as soon as you question how things are working, you’re an anti-vaxer, and should probably go shine your aluminum foil hat. This is how I’ve been feeling while listening to the media, sad that we’ve gotten to this point, where opinions are so strong, people are seriously talking about eliminating basic human freedoms. The freedom to choose what we inject into our bodies. It’s absolutely mind blowing.\n\nI don’t jump into these conversations because I want to stop anyone from getting a vaccine, but because I want them to make smart, informed decisions that weigh risk and benefit as it relates to them and their particular health and family history vs the medication or vaccine you’re deciding on. I share my experience in the hopes that the mistakes I made (jumping in pretty blindly, and despite my gut feelings, believing that it is as safe as all the nurses and doctors said it was,) can be spared someone else, as sadly, this is a road of no return.\n\nSo it was nice to hear Dr. Gardam speak for the 20 or so minutes I was in the car. Pretty much everything I heard him say was in line with my own thinking, and suddenly I didn’t feel the kook that all the loud pro-vaxers, and their media puppets were trying to make me feel. He said that people should research and truly make informed decisions. Check.  He said that people should be aware of the sources of their info. Check. He said he trusts the old proven vaccines. Check. He said we need to rethink flu and young vaccines. Check.\n\nSo it was with great interest that I listened to a caller ask about a number of autoimmune diseases. She stumbled around her words too much though to ask a good question.I wanted to hear Dr. Gardam’s response. Problem is people at large, still don’t get that autoimmune diseases are a laaaarge number of diseases with the same etiology, so she was mumbling a few autoimmune diseases, and then she did it…. she dropped the ‘Autism’ bait. Ughhh. As soon as I heard it I knew I wasn’t getting an answer. Then it became a discussion of the discredited MMR/Autism study. Question gone. Someone else called, and then another person brought up autoimmune disease, I think type 1 Diabetes, maybe MS, but then again, in comes, Autism, and this completely removes the conversation from where it needs to be. I was so hoping to hear him speak on autoimmune disease, but I didn’t get to. Apparently he did, I’ll have to go back and listen to it.\n\nI believe we need to be skeptical and informed. Just because a non human entity has told you that this is safe to inject, doesn’t mean you have to do it. If there is long standing data to support safety and efficacy, by all means protect yourself and your family. But if this vaccine is younger than some of your shoes, maybe you should do some serious self educating and make a truly informed risk-benefit assessment.\n\nWhen you’re looking at the numbers remember that even if the chances are low, if you’re that person who got the rare negative side effect of the drug/vaccine, suddenly that low risk means nothing, and your life has taken a turn in a different, unpleasant direction.\n\nPerspective Break: Gardisil\nA spanky new HPV Vaccine to prevent HPV spread through sexual activity\n\nApproved for human use in 2006.\nVaccine demographic: 10 year old girls across the country\nLong term side effects: Unknown (it’s not eve 10 years old)\nCost of one dose: $400-$500\nSince June 2006 Merck has globally sold 169 million doses\n(you do the math: hint – it’s in the Billions)\nSerious Side Effects: Rare – 5 reactions in 11,000 (possibly, probably or definitely related to the injection.)\n(here’s the math)\nSince June 2006, 76,818 young girls are possibly, probably, or definitely having a shitty go at life because of this vaccine.\n\nAre we really OK with having 76, 818 young girls sick, with serious life altering complications from a vaccine? To prevent sexually transmitted diseases? We don’t think very highly of our young girls. Is that the kind of place my daughter is going to grow up into? This is just one example of a young vaccine. There’s that pesky flu shot, medical boards are trying to convince us is absolutely THE thing to do if you’re a smart citizen.\n\nCouple more points worth noting when you decide where to place your trust.\n\nRussia and Canada are the only two countries in the G8 who do not have a system to support victims of vaccine adverse reactions. Yes, everyone knows there is a risk, and with the numbers we vaccinate, the numbers with adverse reactions will go up as well, but in Canada, our government has chosen to turn a blind eye, as well as protecting pharma companies from litigation when it comes to vaccines.\n\nWhen you hear Health Canada tell you the vaccine is safe because they have very low reports on adverse reactions, that’s because the system is set up in a way to minimize feedback on vaccines. Whether it’s accidental or intentional is not my business, but it does skew the data and the information we are getting from Health Canada does not paint a true picture. Anyone can check this out. Try to report an adverse side effect from a pharmaceutical drug on Health Canada’s website. Anyone can do it. Now go and try to do the same with a vaccine. Two different worlds. With a vaccine report, you have to get your doctor to fill it in and submit it on your behalf. Several pages. What conscientious patient would do that to their doc? All my docs know that the H1N1 triggered me (it’s also in the drug insert – Vasculitis is a rare but possible adverse reaction to the H1N1 vaccine) but I would never ask them to take time away from their other patients, and to put their reputation on the line so they could write a vaccine report for me, because let’s face it “you’re either with us or against us…” even within the medical community. Why I was so pleased to hear Dr. Gardam speak in the open minded, academic manner he did on this topic. It was truly a breath of fresh air.\n\nSo there. I’m the eternal optimist, but my experience has taught me to question, to not bleat on at volume, to not believe with blind faith that a big corporation (that has only it’s stakeholders/shareholders to answer to,) has my best interest in mind.\n\n\n\nMeasles outbreak and what we should really be talking about\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nHow do we stack up?\n\nAutoimmune Disease has it’s inflamed little fingers into many pots\n\nToday I read an article about Heart Disease and how there is a new line of thinking that links the process that causes most of the problems in patients with Autoimmune Disease to that of clogged arteries. Inflammation.\n\nRead the article here:\nIf you feel that you need back-up on this line of thinking, here’s another article that isn’t as bold, but goes in the same direction and it’s from the American Heart Association:\n\nAnother important connection that nobody seems to talk about is mental health. I don’t understand why we can understand that inflammatory responses can happen anywhere in the body, but completely take the brain, a vital organ, out of that equation. Why do we completely dismiss the brain as being susceptible to an inflammatory response that can run rampant in any other part of the body and cause one of the 140+ autoimmune diseases and disorders. How many lives can we save from endless suffering by connecting autoimmune disease with mental health disorders? Here’s a book that can bring this concept a little closer to home and might save your life if you’re a patient like me who likes to push and challenge the robotic responses that we often get from the overworked medical professionals. This is the story of a patient who almost lost everything until she landed in the care of the RIGHT doctor…. Brain on Fire\n\nWe also know that Cancer is very dependent on a faulty immune system in order to progress, and now there is a new line of Cancer research that uses Immunotherapy to try and get answers that continue to elude the cure for Cancer research.\n\nSo if we go back to my earlier post looking at the stats and our current research trends ( you can see a serious crack in the system. The disease group where answers dwell for all the others (including ones that are not on the charts like AIDS, Infectious Disease, Transplantation) is the group of disease that has the least amount of attention and research funding.\n\nI think this is wrong. So very, very wrong.\n\nBack in my earlier post that I referred to above, my thought process leads me to a place where I wonder if the answer is just below the surface of a cache we haven’t yet searched.\nI’ve been questioning myself lately in my stubborn and unyielding view that if we find the common thread we can find the answer/cure to ALL of the Autoimmune Diseases. I feel like a person with serious delusions of grandeur. Today, instead of checking my big dreams a bit like normal people would, I’ve taken it one step further. One giant, giant step further… what if we find the common thread and the answer leads us to not only find a cure for ALL AI Diseases, but also for Cancer, for Heart Disease, for AIDS, for all of the chronic illnesses.\n\nNow wouldn’t that be something that would change things a bit or what?\n\nWe have gone for so long in our own little holes, our own silos, fighting for our own little diseases and not the whole, but the big picture is becoming more and more clear. It dictates that we work together: Be it within the disease group (autoimmune, cancer, mental health) but I believe it would be more positive by working in a multi-disciplinary, multi-disease way. That’s when we’ll get the answers we all so desperately work for in our own groups. Our answer lies in working together.\n\n\nOnly together will we see a difference. We’ve tried the ‘solo’ approach for decades and it’s gotten us nowhere really. Yeah we have some crazy drugs that keep us alive, but at a huge cost not only to the patient and their families, but also to our health care system and society at large.\n\nSo snap out of it people, we must let the ego go, and let’s do this. Let’s do it together. Let’s change the world for the better.\n\nYou in?", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6415185928344727}
{"content": "Warriors RP (Idea Thread)\n\nThe Basics:\nThis will be a gamemode, a roleplay gamemode.\nThis gamemode is based very heavily on stats and randomization, there will be no guns or other humanly objects, the only thing you have is the natural world and yourself.\n\nStamina - Speed, Endurance life, and Breath length\n\nDexterity - Leap Length, Jump Height, and Injury compensation\n\nStrength - Claw Strength, Weight Limit, and Health max\n\nSneak - Uses sneak ability which shades the player transparent, higher the skill the more transparent\n\nMorality - Raises when you are around, heal, and befriend other players, Lowers when you kill, injure, and defriend other players.\n\nMedicine - Skill with medical herbs and such, allows you to mix herbs to create medicine for other cats, the higher it is the more effective it is.\n\nResistance - Your natural resistance against disease and injury, Raises when you are injured or catch a disease, Lowers when you are treated with medical herbs.\n\nInjuries drain stats until they are healed, then stats regain.\nIf you sustain enough injuries to 20 HP, stat loss cannot be restored.\n\nWhen your character is made, you are randomly placed in one of four clans, then you are born.\nYou do not choose any stats, as you gain them through your kit hood by doing whatever the stat is related too, the only way to gain stats as an adult is to work hard on them.\n\nKit - What a newborn is called, they are named with “kit” at the end.\n\nApprentice - A kit that is 6 months old and is under a warrior for training, they have “paw” at the end of their name.\n\nWarrior - A cat that has been accepted into the clan by the leader as a warrior.\n\nSenior Warrior - Not exactly an official rank, but older warriors are often considered this and are trusted more with duties.\n\nDeputy - The clan leaders right hand cat, whenever help is needed or the leader cannot lead, the Deputy will take over.\n\nClan Leader - The leader of the clan, they have “star” at the end of their name.\n\nMedicine Cat - The cat that is an expert in medical experience.\n\nNaming goes like this\n\n-(Natural thing/color)(body part/feature)-\n\n\nThe Clans:\n\nThunderClan - +15 to sneak and dexterity, -10 to stamina.\n\nRiverClan - +15 to stamina and strength, -10 to resistance.\n\nWindClan - +15 to stamina and dexterity, -10 to sneak.\n\nShadowClan - +15 to sneak and strength, -10 to dexterity.\n\nAt somewhat rare intervals, sickness will strike.\n\nNames of sicknesses-\n\nGreencough - A serious infection in the lungs, very fatal. (Health decreases by 1 every second, all stats halved until cured. 30% chance of happening)\n\nWhitecough - A mild, non-fatal infection in the lungs.(Health decreases by 1 every 3 seconds, stats decreased by 5 until cured. 60% chance of happening)\n\nLeafbrain - An extremely serious brain infection that will immobilize its victim.(Health decreases by 3 every two seconds, all stats completely removed until cured. 10% chance of happening)\n\nLegdead - Temporary Arthritis. (decreases physical stats by half until cured. 60% chance of happening)\n\nDeadbeat - Extremely serious infection that spreads around the body quickly, death often ensues. (Health decreases by 5 every 2 seconds, all stats gone until cured. 0.1% chance of happening)\n\nOnce a disease is contracted, you cannot contract another one for 30 minutes.\n\nMedicine Cats can cure all of these diseases, they just need the right herbs, they spawn randomly around the map.\n\nCatnip - A plant cats cannot resist, helps cure Greencough and Leafbrain, will distract scent completely.\n\nLavender - A sweet smelling purple plant, helps cure Whitecough and Greencough, will distract scent completely.\n\nCobweb - A spiders home, helps bandage injuries.\n\nHoney - Sweet golden liquid, helps cure Legdead and Leafbrain.\n\nPoppy Seed - Natural calming agent, helps decrease stat/health loss from injuries and diseases.\n\nHeadcrab Bile - Bile recovered from a dead headcrab, helps cure Deadbeat and Legdead.\n\nGoldFlower - Extremely rare plant, completely cures any disease instantly.\n\n**Spottedleaf **- A somewhat rotting leaf, helps cure Whitecough and Deadbeat.\n\nTravelGreen - A herb that completely eliminates hunger for 20 minutes.\n\nAll diseases have 3 things to help cure them.\n\nMouth - You can carry up to 5 things in your mouth, may it be prey or herbs.\n\nSneak - A bindable command that fades the player based on their skill.\n\nMedicine - Ability in a menu, allowing the mixing of herbs to combine their effects.\n\nScent - A small box in the top right corner of your screen gives you scent updates, such as “Lavender nearby, West of your position.”\nAll cats have the scent of their clan on them, if they are near another clan cat their clan scent will brush off of them.\n\nWashing - A simple button that lets you wash yourself, it takes 20 seconds and removes your scent for 5 minutes, making you undetectable scent wise, after these 5 minutes your scent is reset to your clans scent.\n\nBefriending - You can add two other cats to your personal friend list, you can distinguish their scent and tell exactly who it is, you cannot damage each other, and you receive +5 to all stats when near them.\n\nQ - What, cats? Why cats.\nA - This gamemode would make no sense with humans, also cats rule.\n\nQ - Lol ur juts a furry nub\nA - No You.\n\nQ - How do you plan on getting this script?\nA - No idea.\nQ - Sounds like it needs a custom map.**\nA - Maybe, who knows.\n\nQ - Won’t this get boring?\nA - Sure, but this didn’t stop all of the other generic HL2RPs did it?\n\nQ - Sounds like it may need custom models!\nA - It most likely will, im in the dark on this one.\n\nQ - If you can’t do anything, why did you make this plan?\nA - Massive creativity surge and a want to let my ideas flow.\n\nQ - Are you willing to pay for this work?\nA - Yes, but not at an insane price like Kuroscript or something.\nQ - If you somehow do get this script, will it be private or public?**\nA - Since everyone likes to be a massive faggot these days, it’ll probably be leaked faster than I can release it myself.\n\nQ - Why are you such a pessimist.\nA - I’m just speaking the truth man.\n\nQ - [Generic Troll Comment]\nA - OK\n\nErr,I could never find what timezone this RP is based in…?\n\nLooks promising,looking forward to it.\n\nModern Times, the book this is based on had all of this crap going on right next to a town of human beings, living their lives and driving cars and bulldozers encroaching on their territory, but that wouldn’t even contribute to game play or roleplay.\n\nGuyz i can edit darkarpee\n\n(User was banned for this post (\"Trolling\" - grea$emonkey))\n\nGood Job.\n\nCorny idea, but great concept.\n\nI read those books.\n\nAnyways, sounds alright I guess, could be fun\n\nI think you shoud work on that.\n\nIf your talking to me, I can’t do anything.\n\nI can’t model, script, map, etc.\n\nSo you basically, You just turning Garrysmod… Into a furry oblivion?\n\nMake the District 9 aliens raid them for there cat nip.\n\n\nLooks cool’\n\nNo, You.\n\nYeah sure.\n\nUh, you’re making a furry gamemode where you roleplay in a stats-based environment and kill other furries?\n\nI think.\n\nI still find it funny that this is based off of a book series.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9463105201721191}
{"content": "Materials Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB), Methanol, Chloroform, Glycine\n\nMaterials and MethodsMaterials and Animals:  Soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC)was purchased from Lipoid, Inc. (Alabaster, AL, US). Cholesterol, Vancomycin hydrochlorid, 2-Iminothiolanehydrochloride (Traut’s reagent), Lysostaphin, L-Cystein, TritonX-100 and Sodium Chloride (NaCl) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Bloodagar, Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB), Methanol, Chloroform, Glycine and AmmoniumSulfate were obtained from Merck,Germany. 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000 (DSPE-PEG(2000) Maleimide) and\n\n” executed “thousands. The exact number is a\n\n” As of now 23 countries use the death penalty. The U.S., ranked fifth, executed 46 prisoners. Iran, ranked second, executed at least 252. China, according to Amnesty International, executed “thousands. The exact number is a state secret but  is estimated to be roughly 5000” (Amnesty international) reports.The Country of China has 55 crimes punishable\n\nABdurhman think that Aristotle indicates that brave people\n\nABdurhman ALwafiProf, MarvinPHL319                                                                                                        Book II of Aristotle’s Nichomachean EthicsThe Book II of Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics has coveredvarious ideas that are interesting based on the meanings that they have. BookII mainly deals with the issue of virtue in multiple forms and understanding.The first idea in Book II that is interesting is the main idea that surroundsthe\n\nThe utilized by bacteria to essentially cut viral\n\nThe breakthrough of CRISPR-Cas9 has revolutionized the scientific community. Limitless possibilities on what scientists can manipulate within the human genome have become conceivable. But many have hit the brakes on this research, calling for a worldwide debate on the ethics of utilizing this technology, as concerns about the exploitation of this technology arise (Saey 1).\n\nThrough gods have no influence on each of\n\nThrough all of our readings, Stoicethical doctrines have touched upon harsh criticisms and inspired enthusiastic allies.The Stoics defined the goal of life to be living in agreement with nature. Humans are constituted by nature to develop reasoning as adults, which formstheir understanding of themselves and their own true good and desire. Contraryto Aristotle, the Stoics\n\nTwo workplace is the fundamental aspect in reducing\n\nTwo main elements in reducing accidents at the workplace are by reducing unsafe conditions and reducing unsafe acts. Safe condition at the workplace is the fundamental aspect in reducing accidents, and it can be achieved with the following steps:Maintain Neat and Clean EnvironmentWhile cleanliness can be attributed to the esthetic condition of a workplace, it\n\nUpon are very receptive to issues that are\n\nUponcompleting my research, I am warily and surprisingly very proud of Coca-Cola’sactions as a global citizen and as a responsible company. Coca-Cola has hugefootprints all over the world and its global activities are very extensive, yetit also has roots in local communities. One of their current global campaignsis “#CocaColaRenew” where they are attempting to replenish\n\nSeveral community has continued to revise the principle\n\nSeveral definition of informed consent had been recognizes. According to LeMone and Burke, informed consent is a legal document required for certain diagnostic procedures or therapeutics measures, including surgeries. (LeMone & Burke, 2004). According to Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, informed consent is a voluntary agreement made by a well-advice and mentally competent patient to be treated\n\nPrinciples benefits. Participants need to be treated with\n\nPrinciplesof research ethics Respectfor persons (autonomy)– entails two requirements; firstly, individuals should be treated asautonomous agents, capable of deciding for themselves about important personal matters.Subjects should only be involved in research if they have given their voluntaryconsent and been fully informed about the nature, purpose and consequences of thestudy. Secondly, individuals whose autonomy isdiminished as\n\nOften there are no limits set. 4. There\n\nOften there is confusion between religion and spirituality. Eitherthrough conduct or religion is based on belief or worship of God or Deity. Throughreligion one practices a specific system of belief or worship that includes aset of ethics to be followed. Spirituality does not involve or preach a particularpractice. It is more about a way of\n\n\nI'm Erica!\n\n\nCheck it out", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.979499876499176}
{"content": "Halloween, Interesting Stories, Irish Traditions\n\nIrish Fairies and Anti Fairy Measures\n\n\n\n‘Away with the fairies’ is an old Irish expression referring to someone whose mind is elsewhere. It originated with the belief in the folklore that mischievous fairies steal souls and carry children off to the underworld, leaving changelings in their place.\nA Changeling is a creature thought to be the offspring of a fairy that has been secretly left in the place of a human child. It is thought that fairies often fancy mortals and steal their pretty children. They carry the babies away leaving behind a Changeling, an ailing fairy child, or a log of wood so bewitched that they seems to be a mortal pining away in bewilderment.\nThey say if you wear your clothing inside out or wear bells you can ward off the malevolent fairies.\n\nAnti-Fairy Measures for Halloween:12047118_10156157606690245_1081658573287531121_n\n\nThere is an old Irish folklore that warns of fairies and goblins that try to collect as many souls as they can at Halloween. Folklore says if you through the dust from under your feet at the Fairy then they would be obliged to release any souls that they held captive.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.646207332611084}
{"content": "The Single-Question Trap\n\nPingitore, G., Morgan, N. A., Rego, L. L., Gigliotti, A., & Meyers, J. (2007)\n\nMorgan and Rego are back in Pingatore et al. in 2007.\n\nThe authors acknowledged that asking Likelihood to Recommend has merits, its just that businesses may mistakenly think it is the ONLY measure that predicts financial performance (no citation for this concern). In examining the JD Power proprietary data, the authors claimed that “net metrics of any kind are usually not the strongest voice-of-the-customer metrics.”\n\nThe authors examined JD Power data from 2005–2006 in multiple industries, each with at least nine companies: auto insurance (24 companies), full-service investment (21 firms), airline (10 carriers), and rental car (9 brands).\n\nThey looked at several different measures scored using the standard mean or “net” scoring, including: ten-point net “delighted” (anchored with outstanding to displeased), net satisfaction (top-two box minus bottom-five box), a four-item net committed scale, and a four-point version of the NPS.\n\nWe’ve tested five- and ten-point versions of the NPS and found that they provide relatively similar scores; however, a three-point will-recommend item performed noticeably worse. It’s unclear how well a four-point version would perform. The authors noted this weakness but included a full 11-point version for the full-service investment firms.\n\nThe authors collected financial metrics for each industry using historical data (2002–2005). They used a mix of sources and metrics: For auto insurance companies they used retention rates and customer acquisition costs. For airlines they used three-year change in revenue. For full-service investment firms they used self-reported metrics, including “Share of Wallet” data and self-reported amount/frequency of investing.\n\nThe correlation between NPS 4 and NPS 11 in the full-service investment industry was high (r = .94—calculated by me); however, the differences in scores were quite large. The mean differences across the two scores was 22%, with the 11-point NPS always scoring lower, ranging between 10% and 44%. This is more than five times as large as the difference we observed when comparing 5 to 11 points and 10 to 11 points where the average difference was 4%, with a high of 10%. It is, however, similar to our analysis of three-point recommend scales, which had an average difference of 22% in two large sample studies. This suggests the four-point, like the three-point, is not a good substitute for the 11-point version.\n\nFor full-service investment, the standard 11-point NPS performed comparably or, in some cases, better than several other measures, including multi-item satisfaction measures. In many cases, using the mean of the 11-point LTR performed slightly better. The mean absolute difference in correlations was a modest .07 (not using the fisher transformation). The NPS also performed slightly better than a multi-item satisfaction index, also with a modest mean absolute difference of .06.\n\nIn the rental car industry, the authors concluded that the best predictor of revenue growth was Net Satisfaction, and in the airline industry a multi-item satisfaction index performed best. However, an examination of their correlations in Exhibit 3 shows the mean of the four-point Likelihood-to-Recommend item had the highest correlation (r = .773) compared to Net Satisfaction (r = .691). The airline data seems to match the prose, with a correlation of r = .875 with the Sat Index compared to r = .824 for the four-point NPS. They did not collect the 11-point LTR for these two industries.\n\nFor the auto insurance industry, the raw LTR (r = -.52) was the best predictor, followed by the NPS 4 (r = -.43), compared to overall satisfaction or the satisfaction index (r = -.43). For actual retention rates, both LTR 4 (r = .6) and NPS 4 (r = .59) were the worst relative predictors, but underperformed the best satisfaction measure (r = .77) by .17 points.\n\nThe authors point out the much larger sample sizes needed to have the equivalent margins of error (something we discussed earlier too). However, it could be that what is lost in not using the mean is worth shedding.\n\nWhile one reading of this article is that the NPS isn’t universally the best metric to always predict all growth metrics, another interpretation is that many metrics, both using the mean form and “net” scoring, will predict future metrics. There is variation in which ones will be the best, but rarely is one so different from another that it’s worth switching measures.\n\nNote Gina Pingitore at the time of writing was the chief research officer at JD Power and Associates, a competitor to Satmetrix, who would have a strong interest in promoting their own satisfaction metrics.\n\nTakeaways: Their 4-point and 11-point versions of the NPS correlated with historical business metrics, but it wasn’t always the best. In some cases, the NPS was the best it was; in some cases, it was the worst, and in some cases, it performed better than a multi-item measure. Using only four points for their NPS item may have confounded their findings.\n\n\nPingitore, G., Morgan, N. A., Rego, L. L., Gigliotti, A., & Meyers, J. (2007). The single-question trap. Marketing Research, 19(2), 9–13. External File Link", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5473024845123291}
{"content": "\n\nUp to the 1790s, the term ‘re-volution’ normally signified a movement backwards, or a continuous rotation, in a circular or cyclical direction. The entry in the Encyclopédie, the collective summa of the French Enlightenment, refers to astronomy, watch-making, and cog-wheels. It does also mention a political usage in the ‘modern history of England’, viz. the ‘Glorious Revolution’ of 1688. But upheavals that we consider revolutions today, like the English or American, were in pre-modern times typically conceived as rebellions to restore ‘ancient rights and liberties’—or ‘the knowne lawes and statutes and freedome of the Realm’, as the 1689 Declaration of Rights put it—violated by a tyrant. More loosely, the word could by the mid-18th century, as in Voltaire, refer to changes in a general sense. What the term definitely did not denote was a break with a traditional political system, opening the gate to a novel future. Thomas Paine’s words in early 1791 marked a turning-point: ‘It is an age of Revolutions, in which everything may be looked for’.\n\nFrom the 19th century onwards, revolutions—as extraordinary events, the object of intense passions, vast mobilizations and dramatic social conflicts—have always been popular topics for research and debate. In the 1960s and 1970s, the apparent actuality of revolution multiplied the number of such studies and widened their analytic and geographical range. Two influential new approaches were Theda Skocpol’s focus on the role of the state—its crisis and post-revolutionary re-strengthening—in social revolutions, and Jack Goldstone’s model of demographic pressures on the fiscal and the institutional base of Eurasian agrarian polities. Subsequently the bi-centenary of the French Revolution and the implosion of the Soviet Union triggered new rounds of literature, much of it politically correct denunciation of the objects to hand.\n\nThe result is today an enormous corpus of scholarship on revolution(s), at once creating space for introductory text-books, and raising the stakes for original reflections. Noel Parker’s Revolutions and History falls somewhere between these stools. Attractively written, well read and circumspect in judgement, it offers an essay rather than a systematic guide to the literature on revolution. Parker’s framework is a combination of modernization theory and world system analysis, approaches that sit together here without much mediation. His general argument is that ‘revolutions occur where states are conduits of the pressures from the expanding, modern global system’—the English revolution being a ‘borderline case’, at the late end of the ‘pre-revolutions’ of the Reformation era, before popular overthrows of government proper. But his main interest lies in the meanings that revolutions have held for contemporaries and posterity. His key concept here is what he calls ‘the revolutionary narrative’, or the ‘form within which the events and actions that constitute one revolution or another are interpreted and acted upon’. Even as actual revolutions occurred at ever greater distances from the core of the modern world, revolutionary narratives relayed the impact of these outliers within it.\n\nThis is potentially a very fruitful idea. But the genre Parker has chosen does not allow him to elaborate it. Taking ‘willed change towards a better future’ as the central motif of modern revolutions, he overlooks the fact that modernity has generated at least three master narratives—emancipation/liberation, progress/development, and victorious survival (in a darwinist sense). Parker pays no attention to emancipation, arguably the most important revolutionary narrative, or to evolutionary stories of progress, that allow collective efforts for a better future to be conceived as reform rather than revolution. In effect, his subject is ill-fitted to the interpretive essay, a Latin (American-cum-European) speciality often characterized by a reckless drive to originality, rush to judgement, and preoccupation with style. Even a more balanced Anglophone variant is not best suited to tackle a subject where so much detailed scholarship has accumulated.\n\nFred Halliday’s Revolution and World Politics focuses on the complex set of relations between revolutions and the inter-state system, over the short and long run—relations of causation, conditioning, constraint, amplification, support, or confinement. This is a major original work, by a scholar with extensive first-hand experience as a sympathetic observer of Third World revolutions. Social and political revolutions have normally been studied as processes bounded by state borders—that is, as local chains of events with local outcomes. Halliday turns the lens around, and starts from the explicitly internationalist orientation of revolutionary leaders and ideologues. For instance, from Robespierre: ‘Men of all countries are brothers’ and the various nations must assist each other ‘like citizens of the same State’. Halliday, emphasizing that they meant what they said, traces the record of revolutionary internationalism all the way up to Iranian support of the Lebanese Hizbollah and the Cuban apparatus for outfitting guerrillas across Latin America run by the late Manuel Pinheiro. The thrust of his book is a forceful correction of what he calls a ‘double exclusion’ in the prevailing approaches to revolution, ‘exclusion of the international from the analysis of society, and of ideology from the study of revolution’.\n\nRevolution and World Politics is divided into three parts. The first starts with an overview of concepts of revolution, and then moves to questions of revolutionary internationalism and export of revolution. Halliday is a good guide to this terrain, which he knows well. It ends with a perceptive chapter on six antinomies of revolutionary foreign policy. The second part focuses on the systemic repercussions of revolutions—how they affect inter-state relations, and are affected by them. This is the core of the book, written with verve and clarity, if not always with even success. A somewhat impressionistic chapter highlights international factors in the causation of revolutions; another asserts, without much argument, that ‘the whole history of modern international relations is one of wars and revolution’. We get wide and sharp-eyed insights into the ‘incoherence of counter-revolution’ and of the varieties of interaction between war and revolution. A chapter on economic constraints and failed attempts at autarky or ‘delinking’ poses crucial questions, and answers them rather abruptly. Finally, the third part of the book discusses theories of international relations and interpretations of the century that has just ended. Here Halliday sketches a framework for analyzing international relations in general and revolutions in particular.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8968979120254517}
{"content": "European Commission transport chief: 2021 will see airline closures ({{contentCtrl.commentsTotal}})\n\nHenrik Hololei.\nHenrik Hololei. Source: Priit Mürk/ERR\n\nThe first months of 2021 will remain extremely difficult for airlines, with some closures likely and reduced travel opportunities as a result, Henrik Hololei, Director-General of the European Commission's Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, told ERR Sunday.\n\nSpeaking to ERR's Toomas Sildam, Holohei said: \"This year will be particularly quiet, but there is some hope that things will get better in the second quarter as the [coronavirus] vaccine reaches the mass of populations more widely. I believe this will bring a more positive turnaround. But it will definitely be an extremely difficult year.\"\n\nSome airlines will be forced to wind up, meaning there will be fewer travel options and choices than we have become accustomed to, he noted.\n\n\"The main point is that this trend will start to reverse, and more people will be able to move about and fly again. This will be related to how fast the vaccine reaches the public and how effective it is. The more people vaccinated, the faster normal life will also be restored,\" he added.\n\n\n\nEditor: Andrew Whyte\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8415601849555969}
{"content": "Difficulties in the Measurement of National Income:\n\nThe correct estimation of national income is by no means an easy task. Difficulties of various kinds are generally faced in the measurement of national income. These difficulties may be classified into two categories:\n\nConceptual difficulties or Theoretical difficulties\nPractical difficulties\n\nA. Conceptual Difficulties: These difficulties relate to the various concepts of national income. Some of the important conceptual difficulties are as follows:\n\nDetermination of intermediate and final goods: The national income of a country consists of only final goods and services. Final goods refer to those goods which are readily available for consumption. Final goods are required for their\nown sake. While estimating the national income, it is always not possible to make a clear distinction between intermediate goods and final goods.\n\nFor example, cotton used at a surgical Clinic is the final product for a doctor, but if the same cotton is used by the cotton milt to manufacture cloth, it will be treated as inter-mediate product. To stretch this example further, if this cloth manufactured by Delhi Cloth Mills is used by Wings or Liberty Company to manufacture ready- made garments, this cloth will be regarded as an intermediate product.\n\nServices without Remuneration: In our daily life we observe a father teaching his son, a mother taking care of her child, a housewife looking after the household affairs, and so on. No factor payment is made for these services, and therefore, they do not form part of the national income. But if the same services are provided by a tutor, a baby-keeper and a house maid, respectively, factor payments shall have to be made. So, in the changed circumstance the same\nservices will be included in the national income.\n\nTransfer payments: Transfer payments refer to those payments for which e receive has not to perform any economic’ activity. Pocket allowance given to a son, by his father or the pension paid by the government to the retired employees,\nare a few examples of transfer payments. Transfer payments are the sources of income for the households and the business firms, but these do not form part of the national income.\n\nPricing of Products: Valuation of the final products for the purposes of national income estimation is a difficult task. We know that the prices change every month, every week, and in certain cases from day to day; therefore, which price should be chosen to ascertain the money value of the products, is really a tough\nchoice. Besides, we find different typed of prices existing in the market, e.g. wholesale price, retail price, etc. Which of these prices should be used to valuate the money value of products is a, difficult task.\n\nIncome of the foreign companies: It is again a matter of controversy, whether the income of the foreign firms should be included in the national income or not. It is suggested that the income which the foreign firms retain in the country must form part the national income while the income which they send abroad should not be included in the national income.\n\nB. Practical Difficulties: Different types of practical difficulties arise in the estimation of national, income. More important difficulties are as follows:\n\nNon-monetized sector. A large part of the underdeveloped countries consists of non-monetized sector, Nan-monetized sector refers to that part of the economy where the exchange transactions are not performed in money or in order words, barter system of exchange prevails in the non-monetized sector. Goods which do not enter into the monetary sector are thus excluded from the national income.\n\nLack of Occupational Specialization: It means that a person performs a number\nof economic activities at one and the same time. Consequently, an individual has different sources of earnings at one and the same time. Far example, a teacher teaches in the school and also takes private tuitions in extra time or a farm-laborer\nworks on the farm and also works in a factory in the off season, and so on. It becomes impossible to trace out, the main source of earning of an individual in such cases. In the absence of adequate, information about the source of income, a\nlarge part of income remains excluded from the national income.\n\nNon-Availability of Reliable Data: This difficulty arises mainly in the\nunderdeveloped countries where majority of people are living in the world of dark letters. Illiterate people neither understand the importance of the income-data, nor can they maintain proper records in this respect. Sometimes, the producers, in\norder to evade income tax, deliberately distort information relating to their incomes. Sometimes, the enumerators do not possess requisite knowledge of collecting, classifying and analyzing the data. Enumerators and investigators vitiate investigations by suing their personal bias and prejudices. National income estimation based upon inadequate and inaccurate statistics need not be dependable.\n\nGoods for Self-Consumption: Producers of final goods retain a part of their produce for self-consumption. Far example, a farmer retains a part of the total crap far personal consumption, or a weaver retains a part of the produced cloth far\nself-consumption, and the like. Goods which, are retained by the producer for personal consumption do not fetch, money price, and are therefore excluded from the national income.\n\nDouble Counting:\n\nMany goods and services appear mare than once in the national income estimation. It is not always possible to make a clear distinction between intermediate goods and final goads. Likewise, whether the durable goods like building, furniture, machines, etc. should form part of a year’s national income or should be continuously included in the national income till these are finally consumed. We ‘can further take the example of goods and services which satisfy communal wants The government constructs roads, parks, hospitals, bridges, etc. far the welfare of the masses, but different people derive different utilities from these services. How to make allowance for such services in the national income is again a difficult problem.\n\nThus we find that almost all the countries of the world, irrespective of then economic and social structure, face innumerable difficulties in the estimation of national income. Though it is impossible to remove all these difficulties completely, countries, however, mal-workhard to develop a well-knit system of income expenditure data to make the\nnational income estimates more dependable.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9518682956695557}
{"content": "id: 98784 accession number: 1918.461 share license status: CC0 url: updated: 2020-12-03 10:00:22.212000 Miniature Jar, 1100s. Korea, Goryeo period (918-1392). Celadon; overall: 11.4 cm (4 1/2 in.). The Cleveland Museum of Art, Gift of John L. Severance 1918.461 title: Miniature Jar title in original language: 청자호 (靑磁壺) series: series in original language: creation date: 1100s creation date earliest: 1100 creation date latest: 1199 current location: creditline: Gift of John L. Severance copyright: --- culture: Korea, Goryeo period (918-1392) technique: celadon department: Korean Art collection: Korean Art type: Ceramic find spot: catalogue raisonne: --- CREATORS --- measurements: Overall: 11.4 cm (4 1/2 in.) state of the work: edition of the work: support materials: inscriptions: --- CURRENT EXHIBITIONS --- LEGACY EXHIBITIONS --- PROVENANCE --- fun fact: This miniature celadon jar was part of the gifts donated by John L. Severance (1863–1936). He and his father Louis H. Severance (1838–1913) collected Korean ceramics of the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) from a number of pioneering medical missionaries as a way to foster their activities in Korea, and later donated them to the Cleveland Museum of Art. digital description: Celadons, spoons, seals, and bronze mirrors were the most common burial objects in tombs during the Goryeo period (918-1392). Furnishing tombs with an elaborate assemblage of objects was believed to honor and comfort the newly dead. This miniature jar was not used during the lifetime of the tomb owner, but rather was specially commissioned as part of the burial goods. wall description: --- RELATED WORKS --- CITATIONS Goryeo Dynasty: Korea's Age of Enlightenment, 918-1392. San Francisco: Asian Art Museum, 2003. page number: url: Goryeo: The Glory of Korea [대고려, 그 찬란한 도전]. Seoul: National Museum of Korea, 2018. page number: url: --- IMAGES web: print: full:", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.990105390548706}
{"content": "Report: Ottawa Senators and Toronto Maple Leafs working on significant trade\n\nReports have emerged on social media that suggest the Ottawa Senators could be in talks over a significant trade with the Toronto Maple Leafs.\n\nWith the Ottawa Senators hiring former Leafs assistant coach D.J. Smith, there were bound to be players the former NHL defenceman would be interested in acquiring.\n\nNow it appears that one such player could make his way north along the 401 to the Canadian capital.\n\nAccording to Sportsnet’s Elliotte Friedman, the Sens and Leafs are involved in trade talks for right-handed defenceman Nikita Zaitsev.\n\nSportsnet’s Chris Johnston added that it is possible that the return could include restricted free agent Cody Ceci heading down to the Southern Ontario club.\n\nTrade talks involving Zaitsev are somewhat surprising after it was believed that the Senators were on the Russian’s ‘no-trade’ list, which is set to kick in on July 1st.\n\nAny trade involving Zaitsev would likely take place after free agency begins as he is owed a $3 million signing bonus and the Senators, while needing his $4.5 million cap hit, would prefer to not pay such a significant sum of money.\n\nA trade involving Ceci and Zaitsev switching clubs could be good for both players, who could both do with fresh starts after facing heavy criticism from fans.\n\nA move to Ottawa would see Zaitsev play a prominent role on a young Senators blueline, likely satisfying his need for a larger role with more opportunities for power-play minutes.\n\nFor Ceci, it would give him a new opportunity to regain his position as a top-four defenceman and play a significant role on a Leafs team that is hoping to contend for the Stanley Cup.\n\nAs he is still an unsigned RFA, there is the matter of what kind of contract Ceci could command – especially if he is sent to the Leafs without a new deal.\n\nWith D.J. Smith at the helm, Zaitsev may find himself regaining the form he had in his rookie season – where he registered 36 points (four goals, 32 assists) in 82 regular season games.\n\nFor the Senators, Zaitsev’s cap hit would help to address their cap shortfall and he would provide them with a defensive piece that is locked up for the next five seasons.\n\nWith the 27-year-old’s performances slumping over the past two seasons, there is a significant risk for the Ottawa Senators, but it may be one the organisation is willing to make if Ceci is demanding in excess of $5 million.\n\nFree agency kicks off on Monday and the truth behind these trade rumours will be revealed at the very least in the days following.\n\nWhat do you think of this potential trade Sens fans? Would you be happy to see Zaitsev join the team? What are your thoughts in Ceci possibly leaving? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below!", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.5896592736244202}
{"content": "Marine biology\n\n\nMarine biology is the study of any living plant or animal in the sea. Marine biologists are the people who study it. Like other scientists, marine biologists must know a lot about the creatures they are studying. They also must understand how the sea works. The study of how the sea works is oceanography.\n\nMarine animals include squids, corals, whales and fish. Marine plants include sea grasses and algae. The Census of Marine Life was a ten-year project of marine biology.\n\nDuring the Age of Discovery many more ships sailed far from home. Captain James Cook. He went around the would twice while finding new discoveries. Another person who helped is Charles Darwin, known for the Theory of Evolution. He helped a lot in marine biology. His expeditions aboard the HMS Beagle from 1831-1836 to collect marine organisms.\n\nOne marine animal that is regularly seen in this position is called the lion fish also known as the zebra fish, fire fish, turkey fish, or butterfly cod. It has a pattern of red, white, cream, or black stripes. This fish is an invasive species. This means that it should not be in as many waters as it is. Another animal is the clownfish is usually orange, or yellow, and black and white stripes. They are part of the Amphiprioninae family. Both of these animals are examples of the life in the ocean or sea.\n\n\nOne of the many habitats in the vast ocean is the coral reef. Coral reefs are very colorful.\n\nMarine biologistEdit\n\nPrevious education is a bachelor's degree in biology, followed by at least an MSc in marine biology.\n\nThe ocean is large and marine biologists work in many subfields like zoology, invertebrate, ichthyology, and physiology. Other subfields study physical traits like scales, scales, or eyes. Biologists also study animal behavior.\n\nRelated pagesEdit\n\nOther websitesEdit", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.858588457107544}
{"content": "\n\n\nHeavy Duty\n\n(170 TO 1323 LB.)\n\nHeavy Duty\n\nBuilt to withstand the toughest environments, our heavy-duty drawer slides have load ratings ranging from 170 lbs. - 1,323 lbs.\n\n\n(140 TO 169 LB.)\n\n\nKnown around the world for their versatility, our medium-duty drawer slides bear loads from 140 lbs. - 169 lbs.\n\n\n(139 LB. OR LESS)\n\n\nFor lighter applications, our light-duty sliding solutions bring better performance and reliability to any application with a maximum load rating of 139 lbs.\n\nSpecialty Slides\n\nSpecialty Slides\n\nFor more unique applications, we bolster our engineering know-how to create solutions that transcend traditional drawer slides and workstations.\n\nDrawer Slides In Detail\n\n\n\nFor optimal performance, we reccomend you mount slides only as indicated in the provided technical sheet. Although most slides are side mounted, some can be flat mounted under the drawer or moving component, causing a 50 percent loss in load rating\n\nSide Space\n\nIt is the amount of space needed between the pullout and the case or cabinet to ensure optimal movement. Drawer width and expected load should always be considered to determine if a higher rated slide is required for the project.\n\n\nThe total weight of the unit assembly and its contents that needs to be accounted for in determining what drawer slide will be needed for your application.\n\nDrawer Width\n\nWhether used for a drawer, door, component, or chassis, the width of the pullout has a significant impact on performance. If a slide does not have the capacity to support the width, side-to-side movement or racking will occur. Excessive racking will cause instability and drawer failure.\n\n\nA general rule when designing with Accuride is to use the maximum length slide allowable in the application to ensure full access to contents. While most slides are full extension, we offer slides with under- and over-travel.\n\nSpecial Features\n\n\n\nJust a slight push inward and the slide latch releases, propelling the drawer open 2\".\n\n3832TR, 3832HDTR\n\nEasy Close\n\nBring drawers to a smooth, gentle close every time with our patented Easy-Close feature.\n\n3832EC, 3160EC, 3135EC, and 115RC\n\nSelf Closing\n\nAccuride Self-Close ensures your application returns to the closed position and remains there until its next use.\n\n3832SC and 3832EHDSC\n\n\nThe feature holds drawers and pull-out surfaces in an extended position, making it the ideal solution for pull-out work surfaces in residential or commercial environments.\n\n3832DO, 2109, Keyboard Tray Systems\n\nLock-In / Lock-Out\n\nEquipped with a front latch release, the lock-in/lock-out is ideal for securing drawers, trays, and panels that in an extended position.\n\n\n\nKeeps drawers and pull-outs secured in the extended position until released by a lever.\n\n2907WB, 340, 3307, 9307E\n\n\nLet's Get Started\n\n\nHow do I remove my drawer?\n\n\nHow do I find the right slide for my project?\n\n\n\n\n\nHow do I find and purchase an Accuride product?\n\n\nHow do I get replacement parts to repair a slide?\n\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7617418766021729}
{"content": "\n\nLaw and Order\n\nby Errington C. Thompson, MD –\n\nTens of thousands of Americans recently descended onto Washington, DC to reenact the March on Washington in which Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.\n\nThe purpose of this march was to rekindle the feeling and the momentum that were present back in 1963. George Floyd’s May 25th death while being detained by the Minneapolis police may have been the catalyst that started the protests around the country, but he has been far from the only person of color to die in police custody. Jacob Blake is the latest in a long line of men of color who get detained by the police for some minor reason (or none) and somehow end up getting shot.\n\nIn Blake’s case, like Floyd’s, we have an infamous video. The circumstances leading up to the video are unclear. Mr. Blake was trying to break up a domestic dispute between two women; the police were called; Jacob Blake, unarmed, is seen walking to the driver-side door of a family-type van. He opens the door to get in—where his sons are waiting for him—and then gets shot seven times in the back. Thankfully, Jacob Blake is alive. Unfortunately, he is paralyzed.\n\nWe Need Action\n\nSince the public reaction to George Floyd’s death began early this summer, we have had plenty of protests. We have protested in large cities and small communities. We have had moments of silence. We have also had thought-provoking, emotionally and mentally stimulating speeches. It seems to me that the time for speeches is over. Now we need a plan to move forward.\n\nEvery city needs to establish an Office of Neighborhood Safety—a civilian-led office that works closely with the police department on decreasing violence and increasing safety and well-being in our communities.\n\nPolice departments need to be refocused on the core mission which is to promote safety in the community. (This is not DE-funding, but RE-allocating budgets.) Some police funding should be diverted to social services. Police officers should not respond to situations in which someone with mental illness is exhibiting erratic behavior. Let highly trained social workers attempt to defuse the situation before calling in the police.\n\nAll police shootings should be investigated by independent federal agencies and NOT local officials. (This will also require that our federal agencies, especially those under a partisan Attorney General, be thoroughly depoliticized and returned to independence from the White House.) Our goal must be to keep everyone safe and have zero unarmed Americans shot by the police.\n\nDavid Cornelius Smith\n\nDavid Cornelius Smith was a 28-year-old gentleman who suffered from some mental issues. The police were called because he was acting erratically. A struggle ensued as the police tried to subdue him, including by tasing him five times—but were still unable to control him. The police finally wrestled Mr. Smith to the ground and pinned him face down. One police officer is on his legs. Another has his knee on Mr. Smith’s neck. After over four minutes, Mr. Smith is not moving. He is also not breathing. The Minneapolis police officers call for an ambulance and David Cornelius Smith dies in the hospital several days later.\n\nThis event occurred in September 2010. It involved the same Minneapolis police department that held down George Floyd ten years later. Back then, there were promises of reform. There was also a multimillion-dollar civil lawsuit paid out to Mr. Smith’s family. But still the behavior persists. Still nothing has changed. This is truly depressing.\n\nYet it is important for us to remember that change is hard. Police departments have been allowed to police our communities as they see fit for decades. We are asking for major reform. This will not come easy. This is a fight that we need to continue on the local, state, and federal levels.\n\nLaw and Order\n\nIn 1968, Richard Nixon ran a campaign based on “restoring Law and Order.” The country had just completed eight years of Democratic rule under John F. Kennedy (1961-63) and Lyndon Johnson (1963-68). Martin Luther King had been assassinated in April 1968. Bobby Kennedy—running against Johnson—was assassinated in June. Protests and riots broke out throughout the nation. This was against a backdrop of national introspection over the Vietnam War.\n\nBut things are vastly different in 2020. Donald Trump is trying to run his reelection campaign based on “law and order.” The idea that Trump—who has ignored the Constitution, bent and broken scores of laws, and run roughshod over Congress and even ignored Supreme Court rulings—can rebrand himself as someone who supports the military and the police, is somewhat ironic. It would almost be amusing if it weren’t so appalling.\n\nRichard Nixon was the challenger in 1968. Donald Trump is the incumbent. Therefore, whatever disorder and lawlessness that exists sprang up under his presidency.\n\nTrump has proven time and time again that he does not believe that laws apply to him. Donald Trump obstructed justice. The Mueller report clearly outlined multiple times in which Donald Trump tried to influence the outcome of the investigation; he and his Attorney General, William Barr, told us that there was no collusion, but we also know that Paul Manafort gave campaign information to a Russian citizen (the US intelligence community believes that the Russian citizen is also a Russian spy). This simple act is in fact collusion.\n\nWe also know that Donald Trump solicited the president of Ukraine to help Trump win reelection. This is also against the law. Donald Trump got impeached for this action. Donald Trump just accepted the Republican nomination for president and held a campaign rally on the White House lawn. This is a clear violation of the Hatch act. This is against the law.\n\nMany of the people that have surrounded Trump for the past four years have been arrested and thrown in jail for different violations of … the law. It seems a little far-fetched to say that you are the law and order president when you and your cronies are constantly breaking the law.\n\n\nA friend of mine just rejoined the Facebook community. He had taken some time away from Facebook because he found the whole thing to be overwhelming or ridiculous or both. He posted a long rant in which he stated that we all needed to get along, that the country should have never shut down for the coronavirus, and that systemic racism doesn’t exist in the United States.\n\nThis is a man who is highly educated. We went to high school together. How could he have gotten it so wrong?\n\nWhen you think about it, he has no choice but to get it wrong. He is a phenomenally successful White man. If he were to admit that there was systemic racism, he would be pointing the finger at America—but also at himself. He is in a position of power. He is rich. He is successful. His whole worldview would begin to crumble if he thought there was something to the notion of White privilege.\n\nBecause he is a businessman, he sees the world through the lens of business. In his world, the coronavirus was a huge inconvenience. The coronavirus put a huge dent in the business environment. Some businesses could not stay open during the lockdown and closed their doors for good. Other businesses had to lay off workers. And still others took a huge financial hit.\n\nAlthough I can see his point of view, I do not agree with it. Americans must be more than numbers on a profit-and-loss sheet. We are human beings. Over 6 million of us have contracted the coronavirus. There have been over 370,000 hospitalizations secondary to this virus. There have been more than 190,000 deaths.\n\nWe must look at the coronavirus is a huge failure of our government, our society. As for my friend, he is lost. He has to find a way to come to terms with America as it is—not America as he wishes it to be.\n\nThe good news is that laws that mandate wearing masks have helped flatten the curve again in Texas, Florida, and Arizona. Sadly, all this death and misery could have been avoided. We needed bold, evidence-based action early in December 2019 or January 2020. We needed a complete travel ban under which everyone coming into the US is screened and quarantined for two weeks. We needed to rapidly build facilities to house those who are quarantined. Allow Americans to quarantine at their homes. Test everyone who entered the US.\n\nThis approach would have saved lives. It would have stopped the coronavirus at the border, but Trump decided that such measures were nuts. And, according to a new book by famed investigative reporter Robert Woodward (exposer of Watergate under Nixon), Trump knew all this back in January!\n\nIs anyone surprised that Trump was informed and decided against doing the hard work of protecting American lives? But he chose to lie about the coronavirus for six months, putting on “a happy face,” so as not to hurt the economy or cause “panic.” He deliberately sacrificed tens of thousands, maybe even 100,000 or more, American lives to get reelected.\n\nWe need a president who understands the challenges that we face. Coronavirus. Systemic racism and sexism. Natural disasters. Climate change. Wage inequality. We need Joe Biden and Kamala Harris. Are they perfect? No! But are they good human beings who fight hard for all Americans, yes! It is that simple. Vote!!!\n\n19th Amendment\n\nCan you imagine there was a time in the United States in which women were expected to be seen and not heard? Susan B. Anthony is the woman everyone thinks of when we think of women’s suffrage (what a weird word, “suffrage”). Ms. Anthony was an activist. She traveled the country and gave speeches to motivate Americans on a woman’s right to vote. She registered to vote and cast a ballot in the 1872 election—and she was arrested for this “crime.”\n\nDuring her trial, the judge would not allow Ms. Anthony to speak on her own behalf. She did give speeches around Monroe County, New York during her trial. She said, “I stand before you tonight a convicted criminal… convicted by a Supreme Court Judge… and sentenced to pay $100 fine and costs. For what? For asserting my right to representation in a government, based upon the one idea of the right of every person governed to participate in that government. This is the result at the close of 100 years of this government, that I, a native born American citizen, am found guilty of neither lunacy nor idiocy, but of a crime—simply because I exercised our right to vote.” The 19th Amendment was ratified in 1920, 14 years after her death.\n\nWe need more Susan B Anthonys. We need more Americans who want to make the United States a more equal and just society. We need to VOTE.\n\n\nNOTE: The views and opinions expressed here, as well as assertions of facts, are those of the author. They do not necessarily represent the views or opinions of The Urban News.\n\nPartly Cloudy\n7:33am5:52pm EST\nFeels like: 52°F\nWind: 2mph N\nHumidity: 55%\nPressure: 29.97\"Hg\nUV index: 0", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7057614922523499}
{"content": "Soul (2020)\n\nSoul is a movie starring Jamie Foxx, Tina Fey, and Graham Norton. A musician who has lost his passion for music is transported out of his body and must find his way back with the help of an infant soul learning about herself.\n\nRuntime: 100 min\n\nQuality: HD\n\nRelease: 2020\n\nIMDb: 8.3/10", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.6280603408813477}
{"content": "Inquiries from citizens\n\nThe Danish Immigration Service collects and processes personal data in order to answer enquiries from citizens, including written enquriries, enquiries by telephone and enquiries in person at our Citizen Service.\n\nPurpose and legal basis\n\nThe purpose of the processing of personal data is to answer citizen's enquiry.\n\n\nCategories of data\n\nWe process the contact information of the person contacting us. In practice, this is done by registering the enquiry with a view to prepare an answer to the citizen, and the enquiry and other information about you may also be disclosed, see below.\n\nOther personal data may also be processed with a view to responding to the enquiry, typically if such information is mentioned in the enquiry. The information in question will typically be general personal data, but depending on the type of enquiry, sensitive personal data may also be involved. \n\nRecipients or categories of recipients\n\nWe may disclose personal data about you to other public authorities if the enquiry is relevant to those authorities' ability to handle their tasks. This may include the following authorities:\n\n\nStorage of your data\n\n\nSidst opdateret 21.11.2019", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9623187184333801}
{"content": "Home page\n\n\nThere is beauty in what has been discarded if you only take a moment to see it for what it is rather than what it can be.  These homes and treasures are visually enticing because they have been left just as they were to wither away naturally.  Please help me to continue sharing the past with others and leave homes stand as you find them.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9989699125289917}
{"content": "Alice is a Creative who has studied photography for 7 years. Has gained a degree in photography from the University of Hertfordshire. Has enjoyed the experience in exhibiting and curating for the degree show. Also has taken that experience to local art fairs. They have developed their creative skills and continued to learn. Expanding skills to use a cutting machine and a press which expands the materials and techniques.  Allowing to create endless possibilities. \n\n\nEmail: alice.gilhooly@outlook.com\n\nSocial: @alice_gilhooly", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9993665814399719}
{"content": "Student Orientation Form\n\nPlease provide the following information:\n\n\n\nDue to COVID-19 restrictions on group sizes, we must limit the number of guests a student brings with them to the Bedford Campus sessions to no more than one other person.\n\nYou have reached the limit\nSearch for a program or interest", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9950070977210999}
{"content": "Your Basket is currently empty\n\nYour Bookshelf is empty!\n\nYour Basket is currently empty\n\n\nConstitutional Foundings in South Asia\n\nEditor(s): Kevin YL Tan, Ridwanul Hoque\nMedia of Constitutional Foundings in South Asia\nSee larger image\nPublished: 28-01-2021\nFormat: Hardback\nEdition: 1st\nExtent: 280\nISBN: 9781509930258\nImprint: Hart Publishing\nSeries: Constitutionalism in Asia\nDimensions: 234 x 156 mm\nRRP: £65.00\nOnline price : £58.50\nSave £6.50 (10%)\n\nThis book is also available in other formats: View formats\n\nDelivery & Returns\n\nTell others about this product\n\nLoren Epson\n\nAbout Constitutional Foundings in South Asia\n\nThis volume addresses the idea of origins, how things are formed, and how they relate to their present and future in terms of 'constitution-making' which is a continuous process in South Asian states. It examines the drafting, nature, core values and roles of the first modern constitutions during the founding of the eight modern nation-states in South Asia.\n\nThe book looks at the constitutions of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. It provides an explanatory description of the process and substantive inputs in the making of the first constitutions of these nations; it sets out to analyse the internal and external (including intra-regional) forces surrounding the making of these constitutions; and it sets out theoretical constructions of models to conceptualise the nature and role of the first constitutions (including constituent documents) in the founding of the modern nation-states and their subsequent impact on state-building in the region.\n\nTable Of Contents\n\n1. South Asian Constitutional Foundings: Beyond History\nKevin YL Tan, National University of Singapore and Ridwanul Hoque, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh\nI. Why this Book?\nII. Constitutional History Matters\nA. Constitutional Foundings\nB. Conditions and Functions of Constitutional Foundings\nIII. Factors Impacting Constitutional Foundings\nA. Internal Factors\nB. Local Politics\nC. Socio-Economic Conditions\nD. External Factors\nIV. The Legacies of Constitutional Foundings\nV. A Note of Acknowledgement\n\n2. India's Constitutional Founding: An Enduring but Mixed Legacy\nArun K Thiruvengadam, Azim Premji University, Bangalore, India\nI. Constitutional Developments in Pre-Modern India and During the Colonial Period (1550–1947)\nA. The Mughals and the East India Company (1550–1857)\nB. The British Raj and Colonial Forms of Constitutional Government (1858–1947): A Bird's Eye View\nC. The Nationalist Movement and the Build-up of Attempts at Constitution-Making (1885–1947): A Worm's Eye View\nII. Crafting a Constitution for Independent India: The Work of the Constituent Assembly (1946–1949)\nA. Background and Origin of the Constituent Assembly\nB. The Ambient Atmosphere of Constitution-Making\nC. Processes, Modes of Functioning, and Stages of Constitution-Making in the Constituent Assembly\nD. A Survey of Important Provisions and Themes in the Text\nIII. Brief Analysis of Evolution of the Post-Independence Constitutional Order (1947–2019)\n\n3. From Nation to State: Constitutional Founding in Pakistan\nSadaf Aziz, Shaikh Ahmad Hassan School of Law, Pakistan and Moeen Cheema, ANU College of Law, Australia\nI. Constituent Assemblies as the Site of Constitutional Drafting\nII. Inchoate Visions of Nationhood\nIII. Competing Visions of Statehood\nIV. Compromise(d) Constitutionalism\nV. Conclusion\n\n4. The Founding and Making of Bangladesh's Constitution\nRidwanul Hoque, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh\nI. The Emergence of Bangladesh\nA. Bangladesh and the 1947 Partition of British India\nB. Bangladesh as Part of Pakistan (1947 to 1971): The Pre-independence Years of Constitution-making\nII. The Proclamation of Independence and the Provisional Constitution: The First Foundings\nA. The Proclamation of Independence: The First Interim Constitution\nB. The Provisional Constitution Order: The Second Interim Constitution\nIII. The Making of Bangladesh's Founding Constitution: The Drafting Process\nA. The Constituent Assembly and the Wider Political Policy for Foundings\nB. The Constitution Drafting Committee\nC. Adopting the Founding Constitution\nIV. The Constitution's Four Identity Principles and the Political Founding\nA. Nationalism\nB. Socialism\nC. Democracy\nD. Secularism\nV. The Foundings and the Problem of Inclusive Constitutionalism\nVI. External Influences on the Founding Constitution\nVII. Post-1972 Developments and the Impact of Constitutional Foundings\nVIII. Conclusion\n\n5. Dominion Status and Compromised Foundations: The Soulbury Constitution and Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalist Responses to the Founding of the Ceylonese State, 1931–1956\nRoshan de Silva-Wijeyeratne, Griffith University, Australia\nI. The Colebrooke-Cameron Commission\nII. The Donoughmore Reforms\nIII. The Soulbury Commission and the Dominion Constitution\nIV. Wither Elitism\nV. Conclusion\n\n6. Constitutional Foundings in Nepal: Experience with Changing Parameters\nBipin Adhikari, Kathmandu University, Nepal\nI. The 1950–1951 Revolution and the Founding Constitution of 1951\nII. The 1951 Interim Constitution and Constitutional Foundings: The Point of Departure\nIII. Promulgation of the Foundational 1959 Constitution\nIV. The Panchayat Constitution of 1962: Undoing the Founding?\nV. The 1990 Constitution: Restoring the 1959 Foundings?\nVI. The Maoist Armed Rebellion\nVII. Constitution-Making By the People At Last?\nA. The Interim Constitution 2007\nB. Constituent Assembly I\nC. Constituent Assembly II\nVIII. The 2015 Constitution\nIX. Conclusion\n\n7. Making Bhutan's Constitution: Institutionalising a 'Traditional' Monarchy\nWinnie Bothe is an independent scholar\nI. Historical Trajectories of the Bhutanese Constitution\nII. The Constitutional Committee\nIII. Consulting the People\nA. Distributing the First Draft: Ceremony and Symbolism\nB. The Construction of Citizens as 'Participants'\nIV. The Constitutional Debates\nV. Discussions between the King and the People\nVI. Adoption and Content of the Constitution\nVII. The Traditionalisation of the Constitution\nVIII. Conclusion\n\n8. Towards a Maldivian Nation-State: The Constitutions of 1932 and 1968\nShamsul Falaah is an Advocate of the Supreme Court of the Maldives\nI. Historical Backdrop\nA. Maldives: Origins and a Brief History\nB. An Historical Overview of the Legal System\nII. The First Maldives Constitution (1932)\nA. The Quest for a Written Constitution and Driving Forces\nB. The Constitution Drafting Process\nC. Ratification of the First Constitution\nIII. Main Features of the First Constitution\nA. Structure of the State and Separation of Powers\nB. The Life and Death of the First Constitution\nC. A Founding Constitution?\nIV. Constitutional Developments 1934–1968\nA. From Monarchy to Republic\nB. Main Features of the 1953 Constitution\nV. The Second Republican Constitution: 1968–1998\nA. Resurgence of Republicanism\nB. Main Features of the Constitution of 1968\nVI. Legacy of the Constitutions of 1932 and 1968\nVII. Conclusion\n\n9. Afghanistan: An Aborted Beginning\nEbrahim Afsah, University of Vienna, Austria\nI. A Contextual Prolegomenon\nII. Introduction: Where to Begin?\nIII. Constitutionalism and Nation-Building\nIV. Locating the 1964 Constitution\nV. Tortuous Transplants and Religious Resistance\nVI. Constitutions as Tools for Consolidation and Coordination\nVII. Contestation and Constitutional Compromise\nVIII. Process and Substance\nIX. Conclusion\n\nBookmark and Share", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9999264478683472}
{"content": "WTI Houston (HCL) Dock Allocation FAQ\n\n  • 24 Sep 2020\n  • By CME Group\n  • Topics: Energy\n\n1. What is the WTI Houston Futures (Code HCL) Dock Allocation Run process?\n\nThe WTI Houston Futures (HCL) Dock Allocation Run process allows participants to load a full cargo of light sweet crude oil (650,000 to 850,000 barrels) purchased under a WTI Houston (HCL) futures contract onto a cargo ship at the Enterprise Houston Ship Channel. The dock delivery is an optional and off Exchange transaction that is governed by Enterprise’s Terminal Services Agreement (“TSA”).  On a monthly basis, Enterprise Product Partners may provide loading windows, which the Exchange will randomly allocate (in accordance with expressed preferences) at a known and fixed terminal services fee to some Allocation Run participants.\n\n2. Is the allocation process completely random?\n\nThe allocation process is not completely random. This is because participants may express interest for one or more windows for any or all of the available 10-day loading periods, termed “decades.”\n\n3. Does participation in an allocation run guarantee a loading window allocation?\n\nNo. Some participants may not receive an allocation. This could occur, for example, because the number of participants is greater than the number of offered windows.\n\n4. How will allocations be documented?\n\nParticipants that receive an allocated window will receive a Certificate, giving them the right to use the loading window as a redelivery option at a known and fixed terminal services fee. Participants allocated a window may also sell the Certificate off-exchange and transfer ownership of the loading window.\n\n5. Who is eligible to participate in the Dock Allocation process?\n\nParticipants must be onboarded by NYMEX through their clearing member for participation in an Allocation Run. The onboarding process requires participants to be familiar with the applicable NYMEX rules and the Certificate terms and conditions. Participants must also have the capacity for arranging redelivery of crude oil by vessel at Enterprise Houston Ship Channel. \n\n6. How are “decades” defined?\n\nA decade will generally be a ten (10) consecutive day period comprised of (a) the 11th through the 20th calendar days of the delivery month (2nd Decade); (b) all remaining calendar days after the 20th calendar day of the delivery month (3rd Decade); or (c) the 1st through the 10th calendar days of the calendar month following the delivery month (1st Decade).\n\n7. How are loading window Certificate’s allocated?\n\nParticipants who have a strong preference for one decade over another should classify the higher priority decade as the “first-priority.” Note that Certificates will be allocated in chronological order. Participants may choose both a first-priority and second-priority decade(s), while limiting the number of windows allocated to a maximum quantity.\n\nExample –\n\nParticipant A wants to fill no more than one loading window for a January 2020 HCL futures contract. The participant prefers a 2nd Decade window but will accept a 3rd Decade window.\n\nParticipant A informs the Exchange through their clearing member that their first-priority is for one 2nd Decade window and their second-priority is for one 3rd Decade window.  In this example, Firm A wants only one window.\n\nIf Participant A is not awarded a Certificate in the first-priority run, they are eligible for a 3rd Decade window in the second-priority run.\n\nIf Participant A is awarded a Certificate in the first-priority run, they will not be included in the second-priority run for a 3rd Decade window.\n\nParticipant A will not be allocated more than one window in any scenario and has no chance of receiving a 1st Decade window. There is no guarantee that Participant A will receive any window in the Allocation.\n\n8. Where do I find the Onboarding Package for the Dock Allocation process?\n\n9. When will allocations be run?\n\nAn allocation run will be scheduled for, and conducted at, 12 p.m. Eastern Time (“ET”) on the 15th day of the second month preceding the delivery month or the preceding business day if such day is not a business day.\n\n10. How do participants express interest in a loading window?\n\nParticipants are required to express interest to the Exchange no later than 11:30 a.m. ET on the day of a scheduled Allocation Run through their clearing member.\n\n11. When will a participant know the cost per barrel of a loading window?\n\nThe loading cost per barrel will be fixed and posted along with the number of available windows in each Decade approximately two business days prior to the Allocation Run.\n\n12. How many futures do participants need to deliver against their cargo?\n\nThe process is designed for participants to redeliver and load crude oil delivered under the futures contract at ECHO for the complete cargo of 650,000 to 850,000 barrels. However, the Exchange may elect to allow participants to use off exchange/physical supply to fill part of the cargo. If permitted, a participant must secure non-futures crude oil at ECHO and ensure that the crude oil meets the quality specifications outlined in the HCL contract.\n\n13. When do participants need to hold a futures position to use for delivery via a dock window?\n\nParticipants are required to hold futures contracts only on the futures contract’s expiration date in order to use the allocated dock window(s) for redelivery.\n\n14. What else do participants have to do to use the Certificate for loading a full cargo during an allocated Decade?\n\nPrior to loading participants must enter into a Terminal Services Agreement with Enterprise and register with Enterprise through its EStream registration system. \n\n15. How can a participant trade WTI Houston futures (HCL)?\n\nParticipants may execute HCL Futures contracts electronically on CME Globex or, if eligible, as a block trade pursuant to the requirements of NYMEX Rule 526 (“Block Trades”).  Block trades must be submitted to the Exchange via CME ClearPort.\n\n16. What are a participant’s options if allocated a Certificate for a loading window?\n\nParticipants that are allocated a loading window have three options:\n\n  1. Use the Certificate for loading a full cargo of light sweet crude oil in the specified Decade  (such crude will be initially delivered at ECHO against expired HCL futures contracts) with further delivery off exchange at the dock in delivered quantities as required for dock deliveries of futures versus off exchange barrels.\n  2. Sell the Certificate off-exchange and transfer the loading window through an assignment of rights\n  3. Allow the unused Certificate to expire. Note that participants that allow an unused Certificate to expire must pay the loading fee multiplied by the minimum number of barrels in the offered range.\n\n17. What happens if participants buy a loading window off-exchange (“OTC”)?\n\nOnly participants that have completed the onboarding process for Dock Allocation are eligible to purchase a Certificate OTC from a Certificate holder. Please contact NYMEX at clearinghousedelivteam@cmegroup.com to request a copy of the Allocation onboarding package.\n\n18. How does a participant submit the number of barrels within the acceptable range (650K-850K)?\n\nEach Certificate will include an expiration date that is approximately 2 business days prior to the 15th of the month prior to delivery. In order to redeem the Certificate, the holder must notify its clearing member in writing of the size of the cargo within the prescribed range.\n\nAbout CME Group\n\n\nFollow us for global economic and financial news.\n\nCME Group on Twitter\n\nCME Group on Facebook\n\nCME Group on LinkedIn", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7964779734611511}
{"content": "\n\n\nMonday, 21 March 2016\n\nData Warehouse Glossary #2\n\nA variable, perspective or general category of information that is used to organize and analyze information in a multi-dimensional data cube.\n\nDrill Down:\nThe ability of a data-mining tool to move down into increasing levels of detail in a data mart, data warehouse or multi-dimensional data cube.\n\nDrill Up:\nThe ability of a data-mining tool to move back up into higher levels of data in a data mart, data warehouse or multi-dimensional data cube.\n\nExecutive Information Management System (EIS):\nA type of decision support system designed for executive management that reports summary level information as opposed to greater detail derived in a decision support system.\n\nExtraction, Transformation and Loading (ETL) Tool:\nSoftware that is used to extract data from a data source like a operational system or data warehouse, modify the data and then load it into a data mart, data warehouse or multi-dimensional data cube.\n\nThe level of detail in a data store or report.\n\nThe organization of data, e.g. a dimension, into a outline or logical tree structure.  The strata of a hierarchy are referred to as levels.  The individual elements within a level are referred to as categories.  The next lower level in a hierarchy is the child; the next higher level containing the children is their parent.\n\nLegacy System:\nOlder systems developed on platforms that tend to be one or more generations behind the current state-of-the-art applications.  Data marts and warehouses were developed in large part due to the difficulty in extracting data from these system and the inconsistencies and incompatibilities among them.\n\nA tier or strata in a dimensional hierarchy. Each lower level represents an increasing degree of detail.  Levels in a location dimension might include country, region, state, county, city, zip code, etc.\n\nA quantifiable variable or value stored in a multi-dimensional OLAP cube.  It is a value in the cell at the intersection of two or more dimensions.\n\nOne of the data points for a level of a dimension.\n\nMeta Data:\nInformation in a data mart or warehouse that describes the tables, fields, data types, attributes and other objects in the data warehouse and how they map to their data sources.  Meta data is contained in database catalogs and data dictionaries.\n\nMulti-Dimensional Online Processing (MOLAP):\nSoftware that creates and analyzes multi-dimensional cubes to store its information.\n\nNon-Volatile Data:\n\n\nOnline Analytical Processing (OLAP):\nThe process employed by multi-dimensional analysis software to analyze the data resident in data cubes.  There are different types of OLAP systems named for the type of database employed to create them and the data structures produced.\n\nOpen Database Connectivity (ODBC):\nA database standard developed by Microsoft and the SQL Access Group Consortium that defines the “rules” for accessing or retrieving data from a database.\n\nRelational Database Management System:\nDatabase management systems that have the ability to link tables of data through a common or key field.  Most databases today use relational technologies and support a standard programming language called Structured Query Language (SQL).\n\nRelational Online Analytical Processing (ROLAP):\nOLAP software that employs a relational strategy to organize and store the data in its database.\n\nThe process of copying data from one database table to another.\n\nThe attribute or capability of a database to significantly expand the number of records that it can manage.  It also refers to hardware systems and their ability to be expanded or upgraded to increase their processing speed and handle larger volumes of data.\n\nStructured Query Language (SQL):\nA standard programming language used by contemporary relational database management systems.\n\nThe process by which the data in two or more separate database are synchronized so that the records contain the same information.  If the fields and records are updated in one database the same fields and records are updated in the other.\n\nDimensional Model: \n\nDimensional Table: \n\nDrill Across:\nData analysis across dimensions.\n\nNo comments:\n\nPost a comment\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.8614261150360107}
{"content": "Verstappen surprises Mercedes to take Abu Dhabi pole position\n\nBy on\nF1 Grand Prix, GP Abu Dhabi, Yas Marina Circuitae\n\nMax Verstappen didn't record a single best sector, but put together the best overall lap to beat both Mercedes for the first time this year. Just a few hundredths slower was Valtteri Bottas while Lewis Hamilton qualified in third.\n\nAfter an anonymous third free practice session, Mercedes were out to prove something, and they soon did, as Bottas went fastest halfway into Q1. Lewis Hamilton was close, but his first lap was cancelled due to not respecting the limits of the track at Turn 20. In the event, Hamilton seemingly damaged the car's floor somewhat as he skated over the sausage kerbs, throwing sparks all over the place.\n\nHamilton sorted the situation a few minutes later by setting the 7th best time, enough to make it through to Q2.\n\nVerstappen, Perez, Albon and Stroll were second to 6th, though for Perez, times didn't really matter at all, as a penalty meant he would have the start the race from the back of the grid anyway.\n\nThe closing stages saw more improvements across the field with Hamilton actually jumping up into first with a last minute attempt. Leclerc improved to third. Raikkonen got eliminated while his teammate Giovinazzi progressed into Q2, for the second time in a row.\n\nBoth Haas cars were out as well, along with the Williams drivers. Russell explained \"the tyre were just nowhere\" while Latifi spun when starting his final lap. He was going slowly to get some space ahead, but the aggressive acceleration out of Turn 21 made him spin, obviously removing any chance for improvement on his last effort.\n\nThe second part of qualifying kicked off with both Mercedes taking the track, Hamilton leading Bottas out of the pitlane. Just like both Red Bulls, the Ferraris, Renaults and Sainz, they opted for the medium compound tyres.\n\nHamilton emerged fastest, with Bottas within a tenth. Behind them, the fastest driver was Norris on soft edging out his own team mate on mediums by 4 tenths. Verstappen ended up 5th after those first laps, with the Dutchman complained that the tyres were bad at the end of his lap - despite being on mediums. Albon was even worse off, as his laptime was deleted for going too wide at Turn 20.\n\nSimilarly, Ricciardo's time was deleted for going off track on the exit of Turn 21.\n\nWhile the track was quiet, Perez went out for a final qualifying outing for Racing Point. Though he returned to the pits at the end of his out-lap, Perez was applauded by his crew, and encouraged for the race ahead after returning back to the pitbox.\n\nAt the end, both Mercedes returned to the track on soft, without setting a better time. Verstappen and Albon got through; Verstappen on medium, Albon on soft.\n\nIn the fight for third place, Stroll and both McLarens are on the top 10 while both Renaults just missed out.\n\nThe first laps in Q3 saw everybody out on soft tyres, and obviously with the engines turned up to the maximum. It resulting in a very close top 4, both Bottas, Verstappen, Hamilton and Albon less than two tents from one another. Bottas ended up fastest thanks to a purple S2 and S3, but that was just 0.156s faster than Albon in 4th.\n\nBoth McLarens were next up. Sainz was closest, exactly 4 tenths slower than Bottas.\n\nThe small differences continued in the second attempts, with Hamilton first improving to take provisional pole, then Bottas returning the favour, and eventually Verstappen beating both Mercedes with a few hundredths.\n\nLando Norris also pulled off an amazing lap to go 4th fastest, topping Albon and Sainz who both didn't manage to improve on their first attempts.\n\n\n133Max VerstappenRed Bull Racing Honda1:35.9931:35.6411:35.24619\n277Valtteri BottasMercedes AMG1:35.6991:35.5271:35.27118\n344Lewis HamiltonMercedes AMG1:35.5281:35.4661:35.33220\n44Lando NorrisMcLaren Renault1:36.0161:35.8491:35.49717\n523Alexander AlbonRed Bull Racing Honda1:36.1061:35.6541:35.57115\n655Carlos SainzMcLaren Renault1:36.5171:36.1921:35.81514\n726Daniil KvyatAlphaTauri Honda1:36.4591:36.2141:35.96320\n818Lance StrollRacing Point BWT Mercedes1:36.5021:36.1431:36.04615\n916Charles LeclercFerrari1:35.8811:35.9321:36.06520\n1010Pierre GaslyAlphaTauri Honda1:36.5451:36.2821:36.24220\n1131Esteban OconRenault1:36.7831:36.359-12\n123Daniel RicciardoRenault1:36.7041:36.406-9\n135Sebastian VettelFerrari1:36.6551:36.631-12\n1499Antonio GiovinazziAlfa Romeo Racing Ferrari1:37.0751:38.248-12\n1511Sergio PerezRacing Point BWT Mercedes1:36.034--4\n167Kimi RäikkönenAlfa Romeo Racing Ferrari1:37.555--6\n1720Kevin MagnussenHaas Ferrari1:37.863--9\n1863George RussellWilliams Mercedes1:38.045--8\n1951Pietro FittipaldiHaas Ferrari1:38.173--9\n206Nicholas LatifiWilliams Mercedes1:38.443--7\n\nNote - Leclerc penalised three grid places for causing a collision at the previous round.\nPerez and Magnussen required to start race from back of grid for use of additional power unit elements.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9925686120986938}
{"content": "LOS ANGELES | Parents spend more than nine hours a day with TVs, computers and other screen devices while also giving themselves high marks as role models for their children’s media use, according to a survey released Tuesday.\n\n\nThe study also found they were enthusiastic about technology’s role in their kids’ lives but wary of the risks it may hold, including loss of sleep and online oversharing. Researchers from the nonprofit Common Sense Media group and Northwestern University’s Center on Media and Human Development conducted the project.\n\nTwo-thirds of those surveyed, 67 percent, said monitoring their children’s devices and social media accounts is more important than allowing them privacy.\n\nAnother finding: Latino and black parents expressed more concern about their kids’ media use (66 and 65 percent, respectively) than white ones (51 percent). Latinos are more diligent in managing it than other parents, checking devices and social media accounts more often.\n\nIt was the gap between how much adults use media and what that might mean for their offspring that was particularly striking to James P. Steyer, founder and CEO of Common Sense Media , which helps families and educators assess and use media and technology effectively. The group’s first-ever deep dive on parents’ tech habits mirrors its ongoing analysis of those of children and teenagers.\n\n\"I found the numbers astounding, the sheer volume of technology used by parents,\" Steyer said. \"There’s really a big disconnect between their own behavior and their self-perception, as well as their perception of their kids.\"\n\n\n\nPersonal media usage by educational level ranges from about nine hours for parents with a high school degree or less to about six hours for those with a bachelor’s degree or higher.\n\n\n\n\nBut nearly all parents, 94 percent, believe technology is helpful for children’s schoolwork and education, with 89 percent agreeing it will prepare youngsters for 21st-century jobs. About three-quarters of those surveyed said technology increases exposures to other culture and supports kids’ expression of their personal beliefs.\n\nFor parents seeking guidance on their family’s media use, Steyer offers these tips:\n\n\n\n", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.7765873670578003}
{"content": "However, this song changes Cléo. articles Combining cutting-edge design, illustration and journalism, we’ve been described as being “at the vanguard of the independent publishing movement.” Our reviews feature a unique tripartite ranking system that captures the different aspects of the movie-going experience. She understands that the ordinary has its own draws and wonders, even allowing for a cursed woman to briefly forget her upcoming ordeal with illness. I saw her as a real human and artist rather than a person to be thrown around by men and society. Cleo from 5 to 7 is one of the first films by Agnès Varda, a Nouvelle Vague director. The first frame of the scene is black and white to show contrast between the piano, the background, and the characters. Once Cléo is signaled to sing, the songwriter and pianist stare expectantly at her. Cléo becomes less of an object to be watched and studied but rather a person with real emotions. At the beginning of the film, Cléo is suffering with the news that she might have cancer. Les fiancés du pont Mac Donald ou (Méfiez-vous des lunettes noires), 100 great movies by female directors – part 1, Discover one of the hidden gems of the Czech New Wave, How Bonnie and Clyde brought the French New Wave to Hollywood. She puts on a simpler dress and removes her wig. She is overwhelmed by her surroundings and the music because of its close relationship with what she is dealing with on a personal level. Cléo, as flâneuse, consumes the spectacle of late capitalist modernity as manifest within the social and material fibre of 1960s Paris. Little White Lies was established in 2005 as a bi-monthly print magazine committed to championing great movies and the talented people who make them. Female characters in the film embody different possibilities for womanhood, but Cléo, our protagonist and guide through Paris, is no feminist heroine. Why list these events? A curiosity in the everyday powers Agnès Varda’s masterful second feature. At first, the scene shows Cléo, pianist, and songwriter. The audience feels her emotions as there is nothing else to look at but her face. In Cleo from 5 to 7, Cleo meets her friend Dorothee's boyfriend Raoul. With a few exceptions, Cléo and those around her benefit, or are somehow invested in her beauty. She rehearses the song and becomes visibly more emotional. Whilst viewing Paris through Cléo’s female gaze, a patriarchal male gaze is ever present, with beauty, looking, being looked at, and women’s place in society operating core themes around which the film pivots. She is not aware of the world around her but only cares about being beautiful and being perceived as beautiful. Fate and luck are themes that we observe Cléo contending with at a tempo, which in the wider context of the film immerses viewers in the visual and sonic textures of Parisian street life. The diegetic music adds layers for the audience that Cléo herself is not experiencing. Throughout the film, pieces of songs, often Cléo’s own songs, are added diegetically to show that Cléo’s music is always present. Through the film we see Cléo grappling with the implications of seeing herself, and being seen by others through a lens of feminine beauty, which situates her as frivolous, passive and vulnerable. The audience is forced to see her inner struggle and emotions as shown through her facial expressions and tears down her cheek. It depicts two hours in the life of a woman wandering throughout Paris on June 22, 1961. D) She gives it to her friend Dorothee. The music comes from the piano and Cléo’s impressive voice, but Varda also added other instruments to the song such as violins, flutes, and brass. Her eyes connect with the viewer as she stares into the screen, having broken the fourth wall. Cléo breaks the fourth wall and faces the camera directly while singing. In Agnes Varda's Cléo from 5 to 7, the realization of identity and self-fulfillment is undertaken through perception and perspective. Even the tiniest of things can relate to the character’s worries and concerns. Varda locates Cléo and Paris with a wider national and international website of relations and context, including through references to the Algerian War of Independence. Beauty is fundamental to Cleo’s sense of self, she enjoys and finds validation in embodying femininity as an object, enacting practices and consuming products that signify femininity. As an urban geographer my research and teaching is oriented around relationships between gender, sexualities and cities. She fears death, and it controls her thoughts. In addition, after this scene, the camera no longer focuses so much on her face, but instead, it focuses more on the beauty of Paris and her surroundings such as the park and city streets (Powrie, 116). She will meet with her friends, wander through the park, and meet an Algerian soldier. She no longer wants to be regarded as an object to be tossed around by her lover, maid, and writers, but she wants to rediscover herself as a strong woman. Cléo from 5 to 7, a film concerned above all with appearances, makes good use of its subject matter, as illustrated by scenes such as these.Mirrors and clothes, the washed-out symbols of shallow artifice, carry the weight of the film’s storytelling. Centring women in narrative and documentary films is a common thread in Varda work. But what did she see on her journey? The film centers on the two hours that a young singer, Cleo, must wait to hear from her doctor to find out if she has cancer. We see this through Cleo’s interactions; particularly with men, but also through Varda’s use of mirrors as a device that signifies Cléo’s relationship to beauty and process of self reflection. Trying to earnestly avoid what this could mean for her, she wanders almost aimlessly from place to place; talking to strangers, meeting friends and getting taxis to nowhere. The film is in fact by Varda, her short ode to silent comedy, Les fiancés du pont Mac Donald ou (Méfiez-vous des lunettes noires). However, the camera will pan to Cléo to show her emotions towards the song, changing back to first person like the majority of the film. Cléo, portrayed by Corinne Marchand, starts the film at 5… Varda is less interested in viewers identifying with or sympathising with her protagonist, than engaging with the contradictions Cléo encounters through the social, spatial and political context in which she lives her life. The audience can hear what the final cut of the song might sound like when it is released. Throughout the film, pieces of songs, often Cléo’s own songs, are added diegetically to show that Cléo’s music is always present. Her worry drove her frantic steps but she knows herself better now. She is in search of headspace as much as physical space. The song is almost directly in the middle of the 90 minute film. Neroni observes that Cléo’s beauty simultaneously defines and obliterates her, erasing her subjectivity through objectification. “Everything suits me,” says Cléo with sheer delight as she exhausts a hatter’s stock. Scene Analysis Music is obviously important to Cléo as she is a famous pop-artist. The contrast between her face and the background make it impossible to ignore the sadness in her eyes. Viewers follow the self-absorbed and pampered Cléo, a well-known singer, as she moves through Paris.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9143175482749939}
{"content": "Select Page\n\nWisconsin Retaliation Attorneys – Filing a Retaliation Charge or Complaint\n\nWhat is Workplace Retaliation?\n\nRetaliation can come in subtle forms, including negative or unflattering performance reviews, a combative or generally unpleasant working environment, removing some or all of an employee’s duties, cutting an employee’s pay or commissions, moving an employee’s office or workspace to a less desirable location, or restricting an employee’s ability to do his or her job properly or effectively.\n\nEmployees in Wisconsin are protected from employment discrimination and retaliation in the workplace by both state and federal laws.  In Wisconsin, the state law is the Wisconsin Fair Employment Act (WFEA).  Under federal law, employees are protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended.  Generally this federal law is simply referred to as Title VII or the Civil Rights Act.\n\nRetaliation Under WFEA & Title VII\n\nWhen it comes to retaliation, the protections of the WFEA and Title VII are virtually identical.\n\nThere are 2 forms of retaliation prohibited by the Wisconsin Fair Employment Act and Title VII:\n\n1. Retaliation based on participation – filing a charge or complaint or participating in a hearing or investigation\n\n2.  Retaliation for opposing discrimination or harassment\n\nRetaliation based on participation protects an employee from being retaliated against for “participating” in the legal process in any way.  More specifically, it is usually seen in the context of retaliation for filing a formal complaint, such as a complaint with the Equal Rights Division (ERD) or Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).\n\nHowever, it also protects witnesses from being retaliated against for supporting another individual’s charge.  So, if a former coworker asks an employee to testify on his or her behalf against a current employer, you are protected from retaliation from the employer under the Wisconsin Fair Employment Act (WFEA).\n\nRetaliation for opposing discrimination or harassment occurs when an employer engages in some form of retaliation in response to a complaint about discrimination, for example a verbal complaint to a manager or an internal complaint to the company.  The complaint can be about the individual complaining, or it can be about a coworker.\n\nThe Walcheske & Luzi Difference\n\n\n\nCall Now Button", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9958124756813049}
{"content": "The Final Frontier\n\nWant to know about space – the final frontier?! Then check out these (simple but fun) 10 top facts about our solar system… and beyond!\n\n\n2. A black hole is created when big stars explode. Its gravitational force is so strong that nothing can escape from it – luckily the closest black hole is about 10,000 light-years from Earth.\n\n3. When venturing into space, astronauts wear spacesuits which have to be warmed, cooled, pressurised and supplied with fresh air. This takes six hours for them to put on!\n\n4. The universe has no centre and is constantly expanding (getting bigger) every second – making it impossible to reach the edge.\n\n5. The Earth is about 4.5 billion years old – but that’s only a third of the age of the universe – which is 13.5 billion years old!\n\n6. The Earth is tiny in comparison with the rest of the universe – it could fit into the sun 1.3 million times. How small does that make you feel?\n\n7. In 840AD Emperor Louis of Bavaria died of fright when experiencing an eclipse of the sun – this is when the moon moves between the Earth and the sun and a shadow falls over parts of the Earth.\n\n8. The moon is the reason why we have tides and waves on Earth. Along with the sun, it moves billions of tonnes of water each day.\n\n9. A day on Mercury lasts longer than its year! Mercury moves around the sun faster than any other planet – making its year the equivalent of 88 Earth days. While a day on Mercury – the interval between one sunrise and the next – lasts 176 Earth days!\n\n10. In 2006, Pluto was reclassified as a ‘dwarf planet’ after 76 years classified as the outermost planet in our solar system since its discovery in 1930.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 1.0000022649765015}
{"content": "Creativity is allowing yourself to make mistakes.\nDesign is knowing which ones to keep.\n\nDesign Thinking\n\n\nDesign Strategy\n\nUser experience & Design strategy lies at the intersection of design and business strategy. It’s a plan-of-action on how to find out if the user experience of a product is aligned with the business objectives. It is used to create an understanding between designers and the goals of the business/ product/ feature. More specifically, it’s a document of guidelines and rules that outline how the design team aims to achieve the organisation/product objectives. Every part of the strategy should be researched, vetted and approved by relevant stakeholders.\n\nDesign Execution\n\nThe execution is where the rubber meets the ground. It is an essential part of the design process and has been traditionally given more preference over the other design disciplines. Despite the recent increase in popularity of design thinking and strategy, one should not ignore the execution part.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9991259574890137}
{"content": "OECD Secretary-General\n\n2020 IMF and World Bank Spring Meetings: Written Statement to the IMFC\n\n\nWritten Statement to the IMFC by Angel Gurría\n\nOECD Secretary-General\n\n\n\nThe Global Economic Outlook\n\n1. The coronavirus pandemic is a public health crisis without precedent in living memory, and continues to result in widespread loss of life and severe human suffering. A large part of the world economy is facing increasingly stringent containment measures as governments take all necessary steps to contain the spread of the virus and save lives. Activity in many sectors has been shut down completely, travel and mobility have been curtailed, confidence has been eroded and financial conditions have tightened abruptly. Many economies are now experiencing the largest single economic downturn since the Great Depression in the 1930s.\n\n2. The exact scale of the economic shock arising from the implementation of containment measures is extremely difficult to quantify, but it is clear that many economies are experiencing sharp and sudden contractions in output, spending and employment. Illustrative estimates by the OECD, based on an analysis of sectoral output and consumption patterns acros advanced and emerging-market countries, suggest that around one-quarter of the economy could be shut down in many countries as containment measures take effect, with consumers’ expenditure potentially cut back by around one-third. This implies a decline in annual GDP growth of 2 percentage points for each month that strict containment measures continue. If the shutdown continues for three months, with no offsetting factors, annual GDP growth could be between 4 6 percentage points lower than it otherwise might have been. Changes of this speed and magnitude have few precedents and far outweigh anything experienced during the Global Financial Crisis in 2008-09. Tourism provides a clear illustration of the large potential costs of shutdowns in particular sectors. This sector contributes directly, on average, 4.4% of GDP and 6.9% of employment in OECD countries. Preliminary OECD estimates suggest that the COVID-19 impact could result in a decline of 45% in international tourism in 2020. This could rise to 70% if the recovery is delayed until September.\n\n3. Moreover, such estimates cover only the initial direct impact in the sectors involved and do not take into account any additional indirect impacts that may arise. The eventual implications for annual GDP growth will depend on many factors, including the magnitude and duration of national shutdowns, the extent of reduced demand for goods and services in other parts of the economy, and the speed at which the significant fiscal and monetary policy support put in place by governments and monetary authorities takes effect. A slow recovery, with confinement measures eased only gradually, would inevitably raise the costs for annual growth in 2020 well beyond the initial impact of the shock. Existing vulnerabilities, such as high corporate debt and its declining quality, and trade tensions between major economies, could also deepen the downturn and slow any subsequent recovery.\n\n4. Early data are already making clear that the economic and social costs of the pandemic will be large: \n\n  • Events in China provided a preliminary illustration of the economic impact of the stringent containment measures that successfully halted the spread of the epidemic. Industrial production in January and February was 13% lower than a year earlier and fixed investment declined by one-quarter. Even a few weeks after containment measures began to be eased cautiously, many parts of the economy are not yet back to normal.\n\n  • Business survey measures in the past month have also revealed large and sudden declines in output and incoming orders around the world. Such declines have been especially marked in service sectors and in the hardest-hit European economies, Italy and Spain, illustrating the scale of the economic shock induced by the necessary measures taken to control the epidemic.\n\n  • The direct impact on people’s livelihoods has also been immediate and severe, particularly among the most vulnerable groups in society. The coronavirus pandemic thus risks exacerbating inequalities of income, wealth and opportunities, which were already pervasive and widening in many countries. Many of the most affected service sectors are employment-intensive, with workers, many of them women, often on low pay. Unemployment claims and applications for short-time work schemes have soared, reflecting job losses and reduced work hours. In the United States, the number of new unemployment claims in the last week of March and again in the first week of April were almost ten times the size of that in the previous worst week recorded, in 1982.\n\n  • Financial markets remain fragile. The rapid spread of the pandemic and the strict confinement measures adopted by governments have prompted massive declines in financial asset prices and a spike in volatility, with some markets ceasing to function properly. Rapid and sweeping responses by central banks, including the activation of international liquidity lines, have helped to restore some stability. Nonetheless, equity prices remain 20-30 per cent below mid-January levels and equity price volatility remains close to the levels seen in 2009. Long-term government bond yields have declined substantially in many advanced economies, reflecting monetary policy easing and a flight to safety, but spreads have risen on many emerging-market government bonds, amidst sizeable capital outflows and a substantial appreciation of the US dollar. Corporate bond spreads have also risen, particularly for the lowest rated corporate borrowers, with rising risks of downgrades in ratings on many existing bonds as the recession deepens due to the high level of indebtedness and the declines in credit quality seen in recent years.\n\n  • Many emerging-market economies and developing countries, particularly commodity producers, are experiencing considerable difficulties due to the dual health and economic crisis. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic is extremely challenging, with health systems often lacking the resources required to respond effectively. Plummeting commodity prices, weak external demand and capital outflows have compounded this challenge, leaving countries with rising difficulties in servicing dollar-denominated public and external debt.\n\n5. Given the unprecedented events that are unfolding, it is too early to be confident in setting out new projections for economic growth. It seems likely that global growth will be negative in the first half of 2020, but there is little certainty about the subsequent outlook. The next OECD Economic Outlook, due out in June, will set out scenarios for how global economic developments may evolve. A gradual recovery could get underway in the latter half of 2020, but equally the coronavirus pandemic might last for an extended period if confinement strategies prove ineffective or health systems do not have sufficient capacity. Difficult decisions are required about the best way to ease confinement measures, with possible differences between sectors, workers, regions and age groups. The coronavirus pandemic could also return towards the end of the year after the easing of confinement measures, particularly as it will take time to develop effective treatments and vaccine.\n\n6. Governments and monetary authorities have reacted quickly to the crisis and provided large and wide-ranging support to bolster health sectors and cushion the impact of the economic downturn for workers and companies. More measures are required to deal fully with the current health crisis, mitigate the economic downturn, restore confidence and protect the most vulnerable in societies. Policymakers also need to prepare for the possibility of a deeper or renewed outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Deeper international co-operation and coordination are essential to tackle the crisis effectively, address the underlying vulnerabilities that result, and rebuild economies in a sustainable and inclusive manner.\n\n7. Government efforts to support the economic recovery are essential, but careful choices are required to ensure that they are consistent with the actions needed to limit the long-term threat from climate change and support vulnerable people and communities. Existing environmental standards should not be rolled back during the recovery and sector-specific financial support measures should be conditional on environmental improvements where possible. Governments also need to avoid the mistakes made in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis. Support should be focused on all aspects of people’s lives, especially the vulnerable in society. Integrating these distributional aspects into policy responses is essential to prevent inequalities from widening further and to ensure a durable recovery for all.\n\n\n8. The sharp slowdown in economic activity raises risks that bankruptcies of non-financial companies could rise substantially, especially if the downturn proves protracted. This will have negative effects on creditors, including banks. Financial stress has already intensified in the high yield corporate bond market in the United States and the euro area, with the cost of market financing increasing abruptly to levels last seen in 2009. A surge in corporate defaults could occur over the next 12 months, especially in sectors hard hit by confinement measures and amongst highly indebted corporates. Further sell-offs of corporate bonds are likely if some of the bonds issued in recent years just above the non-investment grade are downgraded, as some institutional investors would be bound by regulation to sell these bonds. Banks are much better prepared to weather a recession than in 2008 but will still be adversely affected. Bank equity prices have declined sharply in many advanced economies since mid-January bank, credit default swap spreads have increased, and bank price-to-book values have declined significantly. Weaker bank earnings and rising non-performing loans, in the low-growth and low-interest environment, will constrain banks’ willingness to lend in spite of monetary policy support.\n\n9. Emerging-market economies and developing countries remain highly vulnerable to the global recession and the coronavirus pandemic. To a varying degree, they are heavily dependent on demand from advanced economies and China, and exposed to exchange rate risks. Many have high public and external debt, limited room for policy accommodation, and will find it difficult to deal with the pandemic given less developed health care sectors and social safety nets. Commodity producers with limited financial buffers are likely to be particularly affected. Risk perceptions with respect to emerging-market economies and developing countries have deteriorated rapidly, with yield spreads rising to 2009 levels, especially in Latin America, record portfolio capital outflows and downgrades of sovereign bonds.\n\n10. Global trade is being hit hard by the economic downturn. Disruptions to supply chains as key producers shut down, and the rapid collapse of international travel and tourism, will spread the costs of the crisis throughout an increasingly interconnected world. In this extremely challenging context, there are risks that additional restrictions could arise on trade and investment, harming essential supply chains still further. Many countries cannot produce all the essential goods they need to be able to deal with these disruptions and restrictions effectively. Export restrictions on agro-food products are counterproductive for food security. Over 40 countries have also introduced restrictions on exports of medical supplies, although many others have either lowered tariffs or committed to keep supply chains open. These measures add to the trade tensions that were already a key factor behind the weakness of the global economy before the coronavirus outbreak and will result in allocative inefficiencies that reduce growth prospects further.\n\nPolicy Requirements\n\n11. Global co-operation and coordination is essential to tackle the severe challenges all countries are facing. Acting together creates positive spillovers that will be more effective for each country than if they acted alone. Joint measures are required to enhance the production of medical infrastructure, equipment and supplies, and to ensure that affordable vaccines and treatments are widely and swiftly available wherever needed. Co-operation to lower trade tensions and offer debt relief is also vital to mitigate the damage to activity, ensure financial stability, support low-income economies and help restore confidence. And all countries must ensure that support for households and companies is provided on a timely basis through cash transfers, tax deferrals and loan guarantees, as is being done in many countries, with appropriate safeguards to ensure that this gradually fades once a recovery starts.\n\n12. Health systems are facing their most serious crisis in a century. Containing and mitigating the spread and infection rate of the coronavirus is essential to reduce the pressure on health systems to manageable levels, provide effective patient care and reduce the incidence of infections. Key policy priorities include: ensuring access of the vulnerable to diagnostics and treatment; providing all resources necessary to strengthen the capacity of health systems; leveraging digital solutions and data to improve surveillance and care; and enhancing research into new diagnostics, treatments and vaccines. International co-operation and coordination via the G20 and other global fora is essential to track the spread of the pandemic, share information on effective containment and treatment interventions, ensure the smooth functioning of cross border medical supply chains, and enhance joint research efforts.\n\n13. Many central banks have aggressively cut policy interest rates, committed to buy large amounts of sovereign and private assets, and implemented numerous measures to support liquidity in the financial sector and boost bank lending to businesses and households, including via special programmes and easing of prudential regulation. The US Federal Reserve has also expanded currency swap lines with key central banks. All these measures should help ease stress in financial markets in the short-run and subsequently support the economic recovery. They also offer flexibility to deal with any return of financial market panic in many countries, which could occur if the duration and effects of confinement restrictions are greater than expected or if significant outbreaks of the epidemic occur in new countries. Risks remain, however, that some emerging-market economies and developing countries could still face liquidity shortages. The key objective for all central banks will be to prevent a systemic financial meltdown triggered by confinement-induced financial stress, especially in vulnerable sectors.\n\n14. Governments have announced and started implementing various support programmes. Measures with direct impact on budget balances include extra spending on the healthcare sector, income support measures to individuals (mainly via wage subsidies to laid-off workers and the self-employed, temporary expanded unemployment benefits, exceptional support for child or other care needs, and expanded sick leave), and reductions in tax and social security contributions. In addition, many governments have deferred taxes and social security contributions for individuals and firms, and provided extensive state loan guarantees for private borrowers. Moratoria on interest payments and rents have also been announced in some countries. In the G20 economies, the value of all these measures is estimated to be over USD 5 trillion (5% of G20 GDP in 2019). Large direct stimulus measures have been announced in Japan and the United States, potentially amounting to around 6% and 7% of GDP in 2020, respectively. In many other countries, the largest part of the fiscal measures taken is accounted for by sizeable loan guarantees (amounting to around 15% of GDP in the United Kingdom and Spain, and over 25% of GDP in Germany). Additional expansions of fiscal programmes are already planned in several large economies.\n\n15. The main benefit of monetary and fiscal stimulus, together with automatic fiscal stabilisers, during the duration of confinement will be to support household incomes and liquidity in the economy, and to prevent the liquidity stress morphing into a widespread solvency crisis. During this period, standard monetary and fiscal multipliers will likely be small, given containment restrictions for many economic activities and heightened economic uncertainty. Lifting of the containment restrictions will make the stimulus and automatic stabilisers more effective.\n\n16. If the crisis persists due to a recurrence of the pandemic and confinement measures, the onus for supporting and reviving the economy will be increasingly on fiscal policy, as room for lowering interest rates has been largely exhausted. Central banks should maintain a low cost of borrowing, ensure the proper functioning of financial markets and minimise the risks of financial turmoil. This may require increased purchases of government bonds and private assets, or the more widespread adoption of yield curve control. The past and announced purchases of government bonds by central banks effectively monetise part of government debt if central banks maintain these bonds on their balance sheets and keep the remuneration of excess reserves low.\n\n17. In the euro area, fiscal challenges in some countries hard-hit by the pandemic may require finding new solutions to prevent the escalation of debt crises that could undermine the integrity of the euro area. Possible solutions could involve expanded financing from the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), removing the ECB capital key rule for sovereign bond purchases so it can act a lender of last resort, and issuance of European debt instruments. All options are difficult politically but co-operation is essential to find a solution that enhances the European project in the longer term. In addition, a more prolonged suspension of some fiscal rules may be necessary to prevent the mistakes made in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis, with excessively rapid fiscal consolidation.\n\n18. Policymakers also need to take coordinated action to keep trade and investment flowing freely and ensure the functioning of essential supply chains. The rapid spread of the coronavirus has raised the prospects of a reversal in globalisation as companies seek to mitigate risks of disruption in supply chains. Such re-shoring could have important adverse implications for global efficiency and inequality, as well as international trade and prices, eroding gains in living standards arising from the exploitation of comparative advantages. Confidence-building measures, such as strengthening the rules-based international trading system, as well as other forms of international co-operation, are essential to address these challenges.\n\n\n\nRelated Documents", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.978236973285675}
{"content": "Recently in Japan, lots of men participate in cooking classes and develep their cooking skill.\n\nToday we would like to cover legal protection of recipes.\n\nAt first, let’s look at the recipe of “How to make (Japanese) dashi (broth) from kombu(kelp)” as an example.\n\n  1. Put 4 cups of water in a deep pot and soak the 8 inch kombu (cut in half),  for about 30 minutes.\n  2. Place pot over low heat.\n  3. Just before the water comes to a boil, remove the kombu.\n\nThis is the simplest recipe, however, generally recipes consist of explanation of cooking methods (procedure) and ingredients and their quantities.  \n\nBy the way, are recipes protected by copyright?\n\nCopyright covers original works of authorship that the author fixes in a tangible form.\nIn other words, all creative expressions of original thoughts or sentiments of the creator which are not copies of others are protected by copyright law. \n\nHowever, as you can see from the recipe “How to make dashi from kombu”, recipes are basically just an explanation of the cooking methos (procedure) and listing of ingredients.  Therefore creator’s original thoughts or sentiments are not stated in recipes. \n\nFor that reason, recipes basically are not subject to copyright protection.", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9987364411354065}
{"content": "Does FMRI Have Good Spatial Resolution?\n\nWhat is spatial resolution in fMRI?\n\n1) Spatial resolution Resolution in fMRI is limited primarily by SNR because of the necessity for rapid acquisition of time series information.\n\nFor MRI, , where p is the pixel size, w the slice thickness, Tacq is the k-space readout time and N is the number of time frames..\n\nWhy does fMRI have poor temporal resolution?\n\n\nWhat is an advantage of fMRI?\n\nAdvantages of fMRI. fMRI non-invasively records brain signals (of humans and other animals) without the risks of radiation inherent in other scanning methods. It records on a spatial resolution in the region of 1 to 6 millimetres, higher than any other techniques.\n\nWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of fMRI?\n\nAdvantages and Disadvantages of fMRIIt can noninvasively record brain signals without risks of radiation inherent in other scanning methods, such as CT or PET scans.It has high spatial resolution. … It can record signal from all regions of the brain, unlike EEG/MEG which are biased towards the cortical surface.More items…\n\nWhich method has the best spatial resolution?\n\nfMRIThus, fMRI is considered to have the best spatial resolution among the functional neuroimaging techniques.\n\nWhat are the disadvantages of fMRI?\n\nDisadvantagesfMRI is expensive compared to other techniques and can only capture a clear image if the person stays still.Poor temporal resolution because of a 5-second lag between initial neural activity and image.May not truly represent moment-to-moment brain activity.\n\nWhy is fMRI better than MRI?\n\nFMRI scans use the same basic principles of atomic physics as MRI scans, but MRI scans image anatomical structure whereas FMRI image metabolic function. Thus, the images generated by MRI scans are like three dimensional pictures of anatomic structure.\n\nIs an fMRI safe?\n\nAn fMRI is safe, painless, and noninvasive. There are no known health risks of the procedure, as long as the patient has no metal or electronic implants (because the MRI machine has a very powerful magnet).\n\nWhat can fMRI tell us?\n\nKey Points. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is now widely used in cognitive neuroscience to look for changes in neural activity that correlate with particular cognitive processes.\n\nWhat is the best brain imaging technique?\n\nElectroencephalography (EEG) EEG could be considered the father of neuroimaging techniques, since it is the first technique used to measure (electrical) activity of the living brain. … Magnetic Resonance Imagery (MRI) … Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS) … Positron emission tomography (PET)\n\nDoes EEG have good spatial resolution?\n\nAmong the different brain imaging techniques, electroencephalography (EEG) is classically considered as having an excellent temporal resolution, but a poor spatial one.\n\nWhich methodology has poor spatial resolution but good temporal resolution?\n\nElectroencephalogram3.2 The Electroencephalogram (EEG) The EEG has a good temporal resolution but poor spatial resolution and, therefore, it provides a relatively crude measure of hemispheric asymmetry.\n\nWhat is the difference between spatial and temporal resolution?\n\nIn a nutshell, spatial resolution refers to the capacity a technique has to tell you exactly which area of the brain is active, while temporal resolution describes its ability to tell you exactly when the activation happened.\n\nDoes MRI have good spatial resolution?\n\nSpatial resolution The resolution of CT is superior to the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is typically 1–2 mm for most sequences and more than adequate for most clinical applications of CT. … The isotropic spatial resolution of flat-panel volume CT is 0.2–0.3 mm.\n\nWhat questions can fMRI answer about the brain?\n\nFirst, it can answer questions about which functions can be localized to specific brain regions, questions that are of critical interest for those examining issues related to the modularity of the brain (e.g., Blumstein, Cabeza & Moscovitch, Chiao & Immordino-Yang).", "pred_label": "__label__1", "pred_score_pos": 0.9980148077011108}