Dr. Ann-Marie Nienaber

German Research Foundation

c £10,000

Philipp Romeike, Research Training Group: "Trust and Communication in a Digitized World", University of Muenster
Prof Gerhard Schewe, University of Muenster

Employees frequently engage in social comparison processes and have a tendency to consider their own performance as superior compared to that of their peers. We expect this to be particularly salient in virtual teams where employees receive few cues upon which the comparison with their team members can be based. With reliance on social comparison and social exchange theory, we propose that such ‘perceived overperformance’ has negative effects on job satisfaction that are mediated by team trust in team. We confirm our hypotheses on a sample of 753 field-service employees (753 employees in 57 virtual teams) using a multi-level approach. Practical implications for the management of virtual employees as well as and research implications in the fields of social exchange and social comparison theory are discussed.

Based on prior scholarly work, it can be assumed that virtuality induces two dynamics into social comparison processes: First, compared to traditional face-to-face settings, virtual teams are characterized by higher levels of uncertainty. The increased uncertainty brings virtual team members to engage in social comparison processes more frequently. Second, compared to traditional face-to-face settings, virtual team members receive less cues and have less information on which the social comparison process can be based. Oftentimes, no direct exchange between the team members occurs and the team members cannot observe each other directly at work. Instead they only receive information on the overall team performance from the team leader. Therefore, it can be assumed that virtual team members oftentimes engage in social comparison processes to reduce the level of uncertainty they face but frequently come to biased conclusions because of the limited information available. Why is that important? In the remaining part of the paper we will argue that virtual team members who engage in social comparison processes and conclude – rightly or not – that their own performance is superior compared to that of their remaining team will express less trust towards their team members and will be less satisfied with their job. We base this argumentation on social exchange theory and test our assumptions by analysing data from a large scale sample of virtual teams (57 teams in one organisation, comprising 726 employees) using structural equation modelling and hierarchical regressions. That way, we address three gaps in the literature: First, we provide evidence on the effect of social comparison processes on employee attitudes and behaviours, second, we provide evidence on the role of social comparison processes within virtual teams and third, we provide evidence in support of the specific link between trust towards the team and global job satisfaction.

Regarding the impact of this study, we can state so far that we were asked to conduct several focus groups in that company to discuss the results and to think about changes that might improve the trust between the team members as well as enhance the level of job satisfaction. Furthermore, we were asked to present our results in front of the board of directors to discuss potential ways to overcome the identified problems. Results of this work have been already presented at several conferences (researchers as well as practitioners) such as British Academy of Management, European Group of Organizational Management (EGOS) and the First International Network of Trust (FINT).

Coventry University awarded TEF GOLD Teaching Excellence Framework
University of the year shortlisted
QS Five Star Rating 2020
Coventry City of Culture 2021


Ultima modifica: 21 Aprile 2020

In what ways are you able to say "the" in spanish?

The Caliphate of Córdoba effectively collapsed during a ruinous civil war between 1009 and 1013; it was not finally abolished till 1031, when al-Andalus broke up into numerous mostly unbiased mini-states and principalities known as taifas. Eventually they began to beat territory, and the Taifa kings requested for assist from the Almoravids, Muslim Berber rulers of the Maghreb. The earliest trendy people inhabiting the region of Spain are believed to have been Neolithic peoples, who might have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as early as 35,000–40,000 years in the past.

After the unification of Italy and the Fascist era, a wave of Sicilian nationalism led to the adoption of the Statute of Sicily, under which the island has become an autonomous region. Since 1946, the island enjoys essentially the most advanced special standing of all of the autonomous areas, which allows the Sicilian residents to maintain one hundred% of the revenue from all the taxes, without giving back any to the central government in Rome.

In areas such as Thetford and the crown dependencies of Jersey and Guernsey, the Portuguese form the largest ethnic minority groups at 30% of the inhabitants, 7% and 3% respectively. The British capital London is residence to the most important number of Portuguese individuals in the UK, with the majority being found in the boroughs of Kensington and Chelsea, Lambeth and Westminster.

For example, practically all immigrants from Mexico (99%) known as themselves Hispanic, according to a Pew Research Center evaluation of the Census Bureau’s 2017 American Community Survey. By comparison, ninety three% of immigrants from Argentina mentioned so, as did 88% of immigrants from Spain and 87% from Panama. The Norman civilisation proliferated for a number of centuries on the island, with a powerful influence on the tradition, and Normans and especially mainland Southern Italians repopulated the island during this time. The Norman Kingdom of Sicily was created in 1130, with Palermo as its capital, and would last till the 18th century. Nowadays, it’s in north-west Sicily, round Palermo and Trapani, that Norman Y-DNA is the most common, with 15 to 20% of the lineages belonging to haplogroup I.

The Portuguese have been different from different immigrants in Brazil, like the Germans, or Italians who introduced many women along with them (although the proportion of men was greater in any immigrant community). Despite the small feminine proportion, Portuguese men married mainly Portuguese women. In this context, the Portuguese had a rate of endogamy which was higher than any other European immigrant community, and behind solely the Japanese among all immigrants. The Crown additionally shipped over many Órfãs d’El-Rei of what was thought of “good delivery” to colonial Brazil to marry Portuguese settlers of high rank.

Definitions in Portugal and Spain

This means, in concept, somebody who has no Hispanic ancestors might identify as Hispanic and that’s how they’d be counted. Instead, Pew Research Center surveys present a choice for other terms to describe identification. A 2015 survey discovered that fifty% of Hispanics most frequently describe themselves by their household’s nation of origin, 23% use the terms Latino or Hispanic, and 23% most often describe themselves as American.

Even though there are not any tensions now, however the echoes of the past can still be heard. So based on the saying, just like the East winds – from Spain – deliver storms, likewise, Spanish spouses bring bother. Dual citizenship is permitted for all Spaniards by origin, so long as they declare their will to retain Spanish nationality within three years of the acquisition of another nationality.

List of nations by population of Portuguese heritage

For descendants of early Spanish and Mexican settlers in the United States, see Hispanos. These communities arrived in Portugal after the independence of the African overseas provinces, in 1974–seventy five, primarily after the Portuguese economic progress portugal dating of the second half of the Eighties. Portuguese immigration into Brazil within the 19th and twentieth centuries was marked by its concentration within the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

Best for People Watching in Algarve

The Galician language, spoken within the Autonomous Community of Galicia in Spain, is very intently related to Portuguese. ), also known as Lusitanian Portuguese (português lusitano), Iberian Portuguese (português ibérico) and Portuguese of Portugal (português de Portugal) or even “Standard Portuguese” or “Old World Portuguese” refers back to the Portuguese language spoken in Portugal.

These patterns reflect a growing recognition and acceptance of the official definition of Hispanics. In the 1980 census, 18% of Brazilian immigrants and 12% of each Portuguese and Filipino immigrants identified as Hispanic. But by 2000, the shares identifying as Hispanic dropped to levels near those seen right now. A. The phrases “Hispanic” and “Latino” are panethnic terms meant to describe – and summarize – the inhabitants of individuals residing within the U.S. of that ethnic background. In apply, the Census Bureau most often uses the term “Hispanic,” whereas Pew Research Center makes use of the terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” interchangeably.

It is estimated that the variety of individuals of Sicilian descent on the earth is greater than six million. Like the opposite parts of Southern Italy, immigration to the island is relatively low compared to other regions of Italy as a result of employees tend to go to Northern Italy as an alternative, looking for better employment and industrial alternatives. Spaniards,[a] or Spanish individuals, are a Romance ethnic group and nation native to Spain.

Portuguese cuisine

sexy portuguese women

Some cities within the U.S. were founded by Spanish settlers as early as the sixteenth century, previous to the creation of the Thirteen Colonies. For example, San Miguel de Gualdape, Pensacola and St. Augustine, Florida were based in 1526, 1559 and 1565 respectively. Santa Fe, New Mexico was based in 1604, and Albuquerque was established in 1660.

The Portuguese language itself is mostly a local later evolution of the Roman language, Latin after the autumn of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth and sixth centuries. The pan-European (most probably Celtic) haplotype A1-B8-DR3 and the western-European haplotype A29-B44-DR7 are shared by Portuguese, Basques and Spaniards. The later is also common in Irish, southern English, and western French populations. This discovering adds sturdy proof the place Galicia and Northern Portugal was discovered to be a cul-de-sac inhabitants, a sort of European edge for a major historical central European migration.


Turning Instructional math Into a Video game

Turning Instructional math Into a Video game

Let’s engage in a game. Geared up? I’ll show you an object and you try to think its size. We’ll have fun with three times. To start, have fun the video beneath, pausing if instructed.

What you only just experienced is actually part of an item I phone an Present themselves lesson, of which slowly discloses information so that you can learners (the full type may be located here). Instructions like these can make a game regarding math, infusing the learning approach with interesting.

Lessons something like this focus on the partnership between a couple real, cement quantities. In this case, the proportions were numerous cubes as well as the total huge of the drink and de. Because this class reveals small amounts of information at the moment and will allow learners to be able to process every bit previous to moving on, the actual hidden statistical relationship between quantities on for scholars in a healthy way.

Come out lessons employ actual physical materials that are direct measured to disclose the information. They are not word challenges or hypotheticals. They are true and concrete. The resources can be anything so long as most of their properties are actually related and they are measured or possibly counted.

solve my math homework MAKING USE OF GAME TECHNICIANS
Game repair are useful with teaching mathmatical because they improve emotion, proposal, and interest at each level. Because they consist of music, university student teaming, along with point models, Emerge topics are concise, fun exercises. Students teeth and delight when I describe we’ll always be doing a single, and many trainees have inquired if they could actually eat their lunch break in figures class in order to complete a lessons.

In addition to improving engagement, gamifying math lessons allows pupils with different raised comprehension that will participate and find out. Students utilizing lower raised skill may make guesses dependant on intuition and common sense. Pupils with bigger levels of talent can use hotter strategies including writing options to type the interactions. This also signifies that the same article can be used to teach students in different quality levels through adapting which in turn formal mathematical tools tend to be introduced.

1 . Release: In this point, students are grouped right into competitive squads and shown the materials that will be used in the game. This could be done with a movie like the one earlier mentioned, or by means of physically indicating with the true materials in their classroom.

Students usually are told two quantities that they are measured and even which one they will be responsible for betting.

A few prospects include:

The quantity of knots inside a string and the length of the archipelago
The clear volume of a guitar notice and the time period since it was plucked
The opinion of a razon piece along with the length of their crust
The distance a light-weight sensor will be from a source of light and the degree of light it is receiving
The number of instances a toenail is minted and the number it is sticking out of the enter
The amount of rotations a new wheel includes turned as well as the distance with rolled
The perspective that a ramp is held at as well as distance a good ball proceeds after getting rolled straight down the slam
two . Physical seek: In this level, students have fun with multiple coups of the sport, trying to think the value of one of the quantities right after they know the associated with the other.

Each and every round, prior to making their estimate, teams happen to be asked to choose strategies as well as come to a new consensus from the team. The actual collaborative mother nature of the function builds relationship between college students. It also makes it possible for students to see and learn out of each others’ mathematical facets.

Students file their contemplating on a white board so that it might be shared with the particular group.

2. Student demonstration: After guesses are made going back round, the main teacher allows for a student-led class discussion with regards to the various observations and techniques the groups used. Every group’s whiteboard summary serves as a visual advice of their wondering. The best discussions are the ones that make connections relating to the intuitive procedures and the formal methods.

five. Formal finding out: In this phase, the tutor provides the college students with some one on one instruction in order to model their bond using a fixed method which may be applicable towards course there’re teaching.

A fifth-grade educator doing the “Cubes in a Dixie Cup” lesson might address it like a multistep operations issue where learners use decimal operations to choose the mass in the cup.

Within the Algebra one particular class, college students might chart the data. They can find together with interpret the exact slope in addition to y-intercept belonging to the linear functionality that units the data, in that case use the fact that function to really make the predictions.

After a gamified training, assessment arises at many stages. While students document their considering before just about every guess, the teacher could circulate and possess conversations with students about their process. In the formal knowing phase, taken and individual practice gives you opportunities just for assessment. After the formal mastering phase, We often perform a few more coups with the definite materials. This will give students to test out their unique learning similarly, in which these began.


We Southerners always welcome visitors and newcomers. After all, we love sharing our beautiful states and there's plenty of room for everyone.

To help welcome transplants, here's a helpful guide to ways to immerse yourself in Southern culture:

If you don't want to catch lightning bugs but like watching them, head to Elkmont, Tennessee, where you can see the very cool phenomenon of synchronous fireflies. They are the only fireflies in America that can synchronize their flashing and you can go watch. Click here to read more.

(Walt Disney/courtesy Everett Collection)

Keep reading... Show less
Spring Fling - All-New Movies - Hallmark Channel

There are a few things certain in life: Death, taxes and a slew of Hallmark Channel original movies every time the weather changes.

And sure enough, Hallmark Channel fulfilled this promise by announcing that they have five new movies coming in spring -- and they all sound delightfully Hallmark-ish.

Keep reading... Show less
(Tamika Moore)

People have waxed poetic about the virtues of peach cobbler, despite the fact that it is considered the more humble cousin of peach pie. Here's how one writer described it in 1908: "A peach cobbler is an inspiration, not an accident. It is a melody, not a tumult. It is a soft zephyr blowing through the peach tree and turning a woman's hand into a deed of grace."

Keep reading... Show less


• Dynasties : The Rise and Fall of Animal Families by Stephen Moss

Stan Nowy
Okładka twarda
szt. Do przechowalni
ISBN 9781785943010

Family isn't just important. It's everything. From lions hunting as a pride to penguins huddling together to keep from freezing in the bitter Antarctic winter, many animals are dependent on complex social relationships for their survival.

Alongside tender moments when bonds are strengthened through grooming and play, the book charts the rivalries that tip the balance of power, when family members turn against each other and younger animals grow strong enough to challenge for control. With over 200 stunning photographs and insights from the crew of the BBC series, Dynasties reveals in astonishing detail the intricate social lives of our planet's most fascinating animals.

  • Produkty podobne


200 g of a mixture of ice and water has an initial temperature of 0 degree Celsius. It is poured into a 75-g calorimeter with a specific heat of 0.2 cal. 45 g of steam at 100 degrees Celsius is allowed to condense in the mixture, raising the temperature to 60 degrees Celsius. How much ice is originally present in the calorimeter?

Expert's Answer

Recent Questions in Physics

Submit Your Questions Here !
Copy and paste your question here...
Attach Files


Dallas 2014 Nationals

This year, after taking the CalChess “state champion” title, Daniel really wanted to have another shot at the nationals. So we flew down to Texas to attend the tournament, and had a really fun weekend.

Daniel was a bit disappointed after losing game #1 to Akira from NYC, but was able to recover and continue playing, ending with a total of 4.0 points for the tournament. I was very proud of him showing the traits of a real “athlete” that can recover from a loss (with all the emotions that come with that) and continue playing.

Congratulations to David Pan from MSJE, who played very well and ended up in the 8th place overall.

Learning to draw

Recently I realized that I lose many chess games only because I’m desperately trying to win.

“Isn’t that a good thing? Shouldn’t one always try to win?” you might ask. Well, yes, of course you should. But many chess games reach a state where winning is not possible anymore, but getting a draw is a very reasonable outcome. However, if winning is driving your thought process, you may miss good moves and strategies that achieve a draw.

Magnus Carlsen, after round 8 of the recent tournament against Anand, where he won the world championship title, said: “I didn’t particularly mind a draw, as was evident from my play. ”

“Learning to draw” is something we have to get used to. We typically get introduced to this notion when we learn about “state mate” and how to look for such opportunities in an endgame.

I find that it’s typically not our natural tendency to look for a draw. It requires focus and practice. So spend some time in your chess studies, and learn how to draw.

Working Hard

Chess is non-linear

On making progress

Some time ago, in an Aikido class, my sensei at the time Eytan Ben Meir explained how to approach learning in Aikido.

“Consider a person in front of a very long wall, let’s say 1000 kilometers in each direction”, he said. “Somewhere in that wall there’s a very thin slit through which you may enter, but the slit is invisible to the human eye. Therefore, to find the slit, you move forward towards the wall. If you are just in front of the slit — congratulations you go through. If you hit the wall — retreat back, move a few steps sideways and try again.”

“This”, Eytan said, “is a powerful way to learn the techniques of Aikido. Do it over and over again, try different things, until you find the right path. You will know when you find it.”

“One more thing”, Eytan added: “You can learn Aikido your entire life. Every time you pass through a thin slit in the wall, you find yourself right in front of a new wall, and start over one level deeper. ”

This story has helped me through a lot of learning challenges over the year. It works very well for Aikido as well as many other areas.

In chess, people sometimes get stuck in a “plateau” around a certain level of play. It is common in this case to feel frustrated and that something is missing in your chess game and you can’t figure out what it is. Silman’s The Amateur’s Mind addresses this problem directly.

Consider applying the thin slit approach here. What you need to make progress is usually something that only you can discover, but friends, parents and coaches can help. Try this: play and analyze many games, and do this with a diverse group of people so you get a lot of different ideas and perspectives.

Eventually you will find the thin slit you are looking for.

I’ve recently got introduced to Carol Dweck’s book Mindset. In this book, Carol describes the difference between what she calls a “fixed mindset” and a “growth mindset”.

People with a fixed mindset consider their abilities a gift. A certain ability level they have been given, which cannot change. Consequently, they typically spend all their time trying to prove to the world, and themselves, that they do in fact have the level of ability expected of them. This in turn results in avoidance of risk, for fear of failure (which for fixed-mindset is proof they are not good enough).

People with a growth mindset believe that effort leads to growth. Every challenge is an opportunity to learn (not a test of one’s skill level). Yes, talent is important, but effort is the real driver of success.

Boris Gelfand, who challenged Anand last year for the world championship, is well known for his approach to chess matches based on hard work and deep preparation. Laszlo Polgar, the father of Susan and Judith, famously said: “Geniuses are made, not born”.

So when your child wins, praise the effort not the achievement.

In 2013, do something you love

Doing something you love doing is like magic.

Happy new year!

Flow: the secret to happiness

Follow your passion

  • Do something you really enjoy.
  • Do something that really makes you feel great. All the time. Every day.
  • Figure out what you are passionate about and follow your passion.

Two examples from my personal life:

  1. Daniel is passionate about chess. That’s why he is doing well. His drive is intrinsic and second to none.
  2. Noa (my wife) is passionate about teaching Art with historical context, and decided to follow this passion of hers with Art History In Practice. Amazing things followed, like the homage to Nina Katchadourian.

Your mileage will NOT vary. I promise.


Hai suất học bổng PhD ngành Biochemistry-Structural Biology và Bioinformatics tại Poland 2019

  • Chi tiết bài viết
  • Bài viết liên quan

Nhóm nghiên cứu của GS Janusz M. Bujnicki, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IIMCB), Poland, đang tìm kiếm 2 sinh viên PhD để làm về các dự án liên quan đến RNA.

PhD ngành Biochemistry/Structural Biology:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules play pivotal roles in living organisms. Their functions are often modulated by interactions with other molecules. Examples of RNA molecules regulated by small chemical molecules include riboswitches in bacteria and regulatory elements in viruses. The goal of this project is to study the mechanism of action of shape-shifting RNAs, solve their 3D structures, and understand how the interactions with small molecule ligands influence their function. Ultimately, we will identify small chemical molecules that can block the function of regulatory RNAs and can serve as a starting point for the development of antibacterial and antiviral drugs. As a Ph.D. student, you will be involved in RNA expression and purification, structural analyses (including biochemical probing, X-ray crystallography and structure analyses in solution), and analyzing RNA-ligand interactions with various biochemical and biophysical techniques.

Điều kiện:

  • Có bằng thạc sỹ các ngành molecular biology, biochemistry, hay biophysics.
  • Có kinh nghiệm liên quan đến biochemistry/biophysics of nucleic acids and/or proteins.

Các nộp đơn:

Ứng viên gởi hồ sơ về địa chỉ employment@genesilico.pl với email tiêu đề là “PhDstudent_RNAbiochemistry” kèm theo họ tên của ứng viên.

  • CV
  • Cover letter: trả lời các câu hỏi What are your scientific interests and how do they relate to requirements of the position offered? What are your key strengths? What do you know about our laboratory and why do you want to work with us?
  • Thông tin 2 người referee

PhD ngành Bioinformatics:

One of the fundamental challenges of biology is to design RNA molecules that form desired structures and carry out desired functions. Designing RNA sequences with specific folding properties has already proven useful in a number of applications in biotechnology, molecular medicine, and material science. We have already developed new methods for the computational design of RNA sequences and structures. We are currently improving the software and testing our methods in practice, including synthesis and structure determination of the designed molecules. The current goal is to improve the design of RNA molecules that can switch between several defined structures, depending on the conditions. As a Ph.D. student, you will be involved in the development and testing of a computational method for designing RNA molecules that are capable of switching between desired alternative 3D structures. Your work will be focused on programming and computational analyses. Students interested in interdisciplinary research may optionally learn how theoretical predictions are tested experimentally.

Điều kiện:

  • Có bằng thạc sỹ ngành computer science, physics, molecular biology, hoặc chemistry.
  • Documented experience in programming (preferably Python and/or C/C++). Knowledge of Python or C/C++ is not mandatory, and experience with other programming languages will also be considered, but the candidate must be willing to learn Python and C/C++ very quickly, as most of our programs are written in these languages

Cách nộp đơn:

Tương tự như trên nhưng tiêu đề email sẽ là “PhDstudent_modeling_software” kèm theo họ tên của ứng viên.

Hạn chốt: ngày 15 tháng Ba 2019.

Bắt đầu nhập học: ngày 15 tháng Tư 2019.

Để biết thêm chi tiết về các học bổng và về Lab, độc giả xem tại đây.

Nguồn hình: Warsaw

Ý Kiến Độc Giả:

Nhóm nghiên cứu:


Series | The Brilliant Path of Worldwide Kosen-ruf

The journey to propagate the Mystic Law is long; Let us encourage each other and advance together. President Toda had written it on New Year’s Day 1955. The poem highlights the importance of the bonds between mentor and disciple and among fellow...

Read latest Living Buddhism online.

Online newspapers at PressDisplay.


I have a love/hate relationship with outlining.

To make things productive, I developed a plan.

When I get a story idea, I create a loose outline. I jot down the idea. If I know the character names, I write those down with a very loose profile for them. Depending on where the idea is within the story (beginning, middle, or end), I start building the bones of the story.

Creating a loose outline for the story keeps me on track, considering I have a habit of not finishing one story before I start another. When I revisit the story, I won’t be lost. Win-win!

What are your thoughts on outlines? Here for them or no thanks? I would love to hear your thoughts.

Write On,


Your Viral Risk score is 71

Low Risk Hight Risk
Scores from 75-100 are at highest risk; 50-75 at moderate risk; 25-50 at lower risk; and 0-25 at lowest risk. Regardless of score, you should avoid chance of infection by social distancing, good hygeine and hand washing.

Based on your assessment, you are characterized as

Based on your assessment, you are characterized as Immuno-Balanced. Immuno-type scores indicated how you fit into each category, but follow the protocol below for the dominant one.

This immunotype is characterized by being inflamed, reactive, and on constant symptom alert as it relates to pain, heat, swelling, itching or discomfort.

5-10 cups of multi-colored vegetables and fruits daily
Limited sugar,
processed foods, no trans fats
Moderate protein
(<20% of calories)
6-9 cups water daily
Intermittent fasting
(eating over 8-12 hours only)
57-9 hours nightly;
No foodwithin 3 hours of bed;
Dark room, without noise, modestly cold temperature
30 minute or more of moderate exercise 5 times weekly
(aerobic, resistance training, stretching, walking)
Engage in any of the following 3-5 days per week minimum:
Nature walks, deep breathing, meditation, counseling, journaling, peaceful music
Seek out significant, supportive, social relationships on a daily basis. Social distancing does not prevent building emotional connections.
Want to know more? Contact Us


Quick Answer: How Can A Law Be Changed In Canada?

Who can propose a bill in Canada?

Canada’s legislative process involves all three parts of Parlia- ment: the House of Commons (elected, lower Chamber), the Senate (appointed, upper Chamber), and the Monarch (Head of State, who is represented by the Governor General in Canada).

These three parts work together to create new laws..

Can you plead the fifth in Canada?

In the United States, the Fifth Amendment permits a witness to refuse to answer any question that may incriminate them (a.k.a. “taking the fifth” or “pleading the fifth”). This is not how the law works in Canada. In Canada, a witness can be forced to answer incriminating questions.

Can you swear at a cop in Canada?

What is the most important law in Canada?

The ConstitutionThe Constitution is the supreme law of Canada; all other laws must be consistent with the rules set out in it. If they are not, they may not be valid. Since the Charter is part of the Constitution, it is the most important law we have in Canada.

Does the law ever change?

Those responsible for making our laws must identify and study shifts in values, behaviours and expectations; they must consider whether new or amended laws are required; they must develop and implement these changes. Law reform is a perpetual or ongoing process: it never finishes.

Do police have to identify themselves in Canada?

In Canada, a police officer does not have the authority to randomly require an individual to stop and identify themselves or to answer police questions.

Does Canada have strict laws?

Canada’s legal system is based around British “common law” traditions, and Canadians’ legal rights are protected by a written constitution and a Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Only the Canadian federal government has the ability to make criminal law.

What causes laws to change?

Law reform As our society grows and develops, it cannot rely entirely on tradition. Sometimes new laws are needed or old laws need to be changed. As people change the way they live and work, some laws may become obsolete. Or new situations may arise that no existing law deals with.

How long does it take to pass a law in Canada?

The Charter of Rights and Freedoms (the Charter) protects basic rights and freedoms that are essential to keeping Canada a free and democratic society. It ensures that the government, or anyone acting on its behalf, doesn’t take away or interfere with these rights or freedoms unreasonably.

What are illegal in Canada?

Top 10 Weird Canadian LawsIt’s Forbidden to Pay in Coins. … It’s Illegal to Drag a Dead Horse Along the Street. … It’s Illegal to Remove a Bandage in Public. … It’s Not Allowed To Carry a Snake in Public. … It’s Unacceptable to Hold Too Many Sales. … It’s Illegal To Accidentally Scare a Child to Death. … It’s Forbidden To Pick Trillium.More items…•

Is it illegal to drive without a shirt in Canada?

What are the stages of passing a bill?

The Process of Passing a Bill1 FIRST READING. Any idea for a new law or a change to current law is written down. … 2 SECOND READING. The bill is given a Second Reading in the Chamber where it is introduced, where parliamentarians debate the idea behind the bill.3 COMMITTEE STAGE. … 4 REPORT STAGE. … 5 THIRD READING. … 6 ROYAL ASSENT.

What laws should be made in Canada?

9 Proposed Laws In Canada That Will Change The Country For The Better If They Are PassedAn act for gender identity/expression. … An act to increase pension (among other things) … An act to establish a Canadian Environmental Bill of Rights. … An act to protect vulnerable persons from abuse. … An act to change election voting age.More items…•

Why do we need law reform?

Why do we need Law Reform? Law reform is the process by which the law is modified and shaped over time to better reflect the social values that society feels are important. The law cannot stand still. … Law reform is essential if the law is to remain relevant to a changing society.

Can the Canadian Senate stop a bill?

The Senate of Canada (French: Sénat du Canada) is the upper house of the Parliament of Canada. … The approval of both houses is necessary for legislation and, thus, the Senate can reject bills passed by the Commons.

What are the basic human rights in Canada?

Do laws change behavior?

While laws that conflict with norms are likely to go unenforced, laws that influence behavior can change norms over time, he said.


What is an unresolved xref in autocad?

How do I fix unresolved xref in AutoCAD?

In the Details section of the External Reference palette, select the unresolved xref and look at the ‘Saved Path’ entry. Make sure that the path listed here is where the file actually is stored. Particularly, look at the drive letter that is mapped and make sure the files are located there.

What is the purpose of xref in AutoCAD?

In AutoCAD, you can import drawings in a way that keeps imported drawings independent of current drawings. This type of file is called an external reference or Xref. The Xref file does not become part of a drawing database and it is loaded simultaneously with other drawings in which it is imported.

IT IS INTERESTING:  How do you use meters in AutoCAD?

Why is my xref not showing up in AutoCAD?

Causes: The xref file has nothing in model space, or the wrong content is on the Model tab. The drawing elements are on a layout in paper space. AutoCAD only brings in content from the Model tab of an xref drawing, not from layout tabs.

How do you refresh an xref in AutoCAD?

To Update an Attached Xref

  3. Right-click, and click Reload.

How does xref work in AutoCAD?

An XRef is an ‘external reference’ to another AutoCAD drawing file. One file can reference many other files and display them as if they were one. These are used in larger projects for many reasons: They keep the file sizes down.

How do I detach XREF with multiple references?

What does xref mean?

External Reference

What is the difference between attachment and overlay in AutoCAD?

Attachment: Saves a copy of the xref drawing in your drawing. Overlay: Creates a link to the xref drawing in your drawing.

How do you convert blocks to XREF?

In the External References palette, select the reference name that you want to bind. Right-click, and click Bind. In the Bind Xrefs dialog box, select one of the following options: Bind converts the objects in the xref into a block reference.

IT IS INTERESTING:  How do I count shapes in Autocad?

How do you show xref in Autocad?

Use this procedure to display a list of xrefs attached to a view drawing and to access the functions available for each xref.

  1. On the Quick Access toolbar, click Project Navigator .
  2. Click the Views tab.
  3. In the Drawing Explorer, locate the view drawing for which to display external references.
  4. Select the view drawing.

Why can I not detach XREF?

What does Visretain do in Autocad?

Controls visibility, color, linetype, lineweight, and plot styles. Use this system variable in conjunction with the VISRETAINMODE system variable to manage which xref layer property overrides you want to automatically sync on reload. The layer table, as stored in the reference drawing (xref), takes precedence.

How do I replace one xref with another?

How do you refresh in AutoCAD?

The software allows the user to reload a layer by right-clicking on the layer and selecting the Reload Layer command. For example, to reload an external AutoCAD drawing that has just changed, use the Reload Layer command. This prevents the user from having to unload the drawing and then reopening the new drawing.

IT IS INTERESTING:  How do you do rectangular selection in autocad?

How do I change the path for multiple xrefs in AutoCAD?

Launch the Reference Manager. Add drawings by clicking on Add Drawings or by drag-and-dropping them on the window. Select one or more drawings from the main window and click Find and Replace. In Find saved path, enter the drive letter to replace.

Special Project


Photo Credits: Kelly Sikkema

Despite having comparatively low emission levels, Uganda is at high-risk of the negative impacts of climate change. Average temperatures have risen by 1.3°C since 1960 and further increases of 2°C in the 50 years and 2.5°C in the next 80 years have been predicted.

Rainfall patterns are expected to become more concentrated, with fewer but heavier instances of rain, which may lead to increased instances of extreme weather events including drought and flooding. Climate change is expected to have a significant (negative) impact on Uganda’s economy, with agriculture, water, energy and transport the sectors most affected.

Management of the environment and sustainable development is enshrined in Uganda’s constitution and is a key objective within Vision 2040 – Uganda’s economic development strategy. Additionally, Uganda’s NDC and  the National Climate Change Policy have been designed to guide climate change activities and ensure a coordinated approach towards a climate-resilient and low-carbon development path for sustainable development in the country.

As a low-income country, Uganda does not have sufficient resources to fund its own climate change interventions. Currently, the majority of Uganda’s climate finance is being sourced from climate funds and multi- and bi-lateral development banks and partners. Both FDI and ODA have increased in the last decade however there are still gaps across the entire finance supply chain, particularly in project identification and refinance.

Domestic capital markets in the country are developing quickly but there is still limited interest and understanding of climate-relevant sectors (such as renewable energy and agriculture). Consequently, available financial products and services do not serve the needs of all market participants (particularly small and medium sized enterprises).

Going forward, further technical assistance will be required to help build capacity of domestic financial institutions and develop appropriate instruments and asset classes.

The Climate Finance Pathfinder Uganda report includes an analysis of the country’s climate finance landscape, including: Uganda’s climate policies; current sources and types of funding; and a number of barriers and enablers for increased levels of climate finance. Based on our analysis of these factors, the report also offers a number of recommendations for how to mobilise increased levels of funding going forward.

Funding for the report was provided by the Rockefeller Brothers Fund.

of the population live in rural areas
$ B
in funding required to close the energy access gap
of renewable energy generation potential
of Uganda's have mobile money accounts
$ B
FDI inflows to Uganda in 2019


Question: How Do I Make My Address Private?

How do I know if my IP address is being monitored?

How do I give my address?

Can you tell if someone is spying on your computer?

How do I hide my address from the public?

How to hide your home address.Immediately establish a P.O. Box or CMRA (commercial mail-receiving agency) and NEVER receive mail or packages at home. … Remove your home address from any of your company filings with the State and DO NOT serve as your own Registered Agent sharing your home/street address (our office at KKOS can provide this service).More items…•

Who can see my Google activity?

How do you know if someone is searching for you on the Internet?

Despite the promises of many websites, there is no easy way to determine if someone is searching for you on the Internet. A personal site or profile with a social network may give some information about searches for you.

How can I check my computer for spyware?

How do I make my Google address private?

Why does my address show up when I Google my name?

Can you truly be anonymous online?

Why is my address showing on Google?

First of all, Google is not directly showing your home address. It is giving search results that go to websites that specialize in this. Google is not a repository of addresses and names. So, you want to stop Google for giving a search result to a webpage that legally shares addresses?

How do I browse completely anonymously?

So, here’s a list you may find useful.VPNs. A VPN helps you maintain anonymity by hiding your real IP and internet activity from prying eyes. … TOR Browser. … Virtual machine. … Proxy servers. … Fake emails. … Incognito mode. … Ad blockers. … Secure messaging apps.More items…•

Can other people see my Google Photos?

Can someone see my Google searches?

Why doesn’t My maps show my address?

Drag the marker to the position where the point of interest is located. Under “Which element is wrong?”, select “A place or landmark.” Under “Which place?”, select “Place isn’t listed.” Fill out the details under “Problem Description” and click Report Problem.

How do I hide my address on the Internet?

Three ways to hide your IPUse a VPN. A VPN is an intermediary server that encrypts your connection to the internet — and it also hides your IP address. … Use Tor. Comprising thousands of volunteer-run server nodes, Tor is a free network that conceals your identity online via multiple layers of encryption. … Use a proxy.

Why does my address show up online?

Your address may end up listed on random websites or on databases from nonprofit organizations and other businesses that have used your address for sales and business purposes. To remove your address from unwanted online sources, do a Google search with your name and address in the search query.

How do I stop my name from appearing on Google?

Can I use the post office as my address?

In general, a post office box can be used instead of a street address when establishing a place for people to send mail, but not when someone needs to identify himself to the government. … So, if somebody has post office box #1234, and his post office is located at 100 Main St.

Can I see how many times my name has been Googled?

How do you keep your address anonymous?

How do I remove my address from Google?

What Google searches are illegal?

Here are some of the internet search terms and topics that can be considered illegal and land you in jail:Child Pornography. Viewing content where persons under the age of 17 engage in sexually explicit activities is considered a sex crime. … Torrenting. … Questionable Explosive Terms. … Hiring an Assassin.

How do I get mail without an address?

Can someone track your Internet activity?

What is a ghost address?

Google is a search engine. The purpose of a search engine is to find information that’s publicly available on the web. If you click a search result and see the information on a website, the first thing you need to do is to contact the webmaster of that website and request that the information be removed.