More than 200 million people worldwide have diabetes. Many of them do not receive the care that they need. The lnternational Diabetes Federation (IDF) has chosen 2006 as the year of the disadvantaged and the vulnerable.

With the slogan 'Diabetes Care for Everyone', the World Diabetes Day 2006 campaign aims to raise awareness of communities and groups in both developed and developing countries that experience difficulties in accessing optimal healthcare because they are outside the healthcare system, or for some reason are less likely to access or are less aware of the services available to them.

World Diabetes Day campaigning and celebrations involve the entire global diabetes community. The yearlong campaign is the key awareness-raising event for diabetes representative organisations everywhere.

The main aims for the 2006 campaign are to:

- Underscore the message that every person with diabetes or at risk of diabetes deserves the best quality of education, prevention and care that is possible.

- Draw public attention to communities and groups that are disadvantaged or vulnerable in terms of their access to appropriate diabetes education prevention and care.

- Increase awareness among the international assistance community of the need to provide greater funding for non-communicable diseases.

- Focus the attention of the public and private sectors on the low levels of investment in diabetes education, prevention and care.

- Persuade governments to tighten the welfare net so that individuals with diabetes do not slip through.

- Raise awareness among people with diabetes or at risk of diabetes of the education, prevention and care available to them.

- Engage networks, groups and individuals working with target communities to join the campaign and promote the campaign messages.

- Share best practice in diabetes education, prevention and care that targets disadvantaged and vulnerable groups.

- Stimulate research that will foster a better understanding of the socio-cultural origins of diabetes among disadvantaged and vulnerable communities in order to inform the development of policies and practices that are culturally relevant to the prevention and management of diabetes.

Diabetes Facts

- The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes. This number is likely to more than double by 2030.

- In 2005, an estimated 1.1 million people died from diabetes.

- Almost 80% of diabetes deaths occur in low and middle-income countries.

- WHO projects that diabetes deaths will increase by more than 50% in the next 10 years without urgent action. Most notably, diabetes deaths are projected to increase by over 80% in upper-middle income countries between 2006 and 2015.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or alternatively, when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent or childhood-onset) is characterised by a lack of insulin production. Without daily administration of insulin, Type 1 diabetes is rapidly fatal. The symptoms include excessive excretion of urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes and fatigue. These symptoms may occur suddenly.

Type 2 diabetes (formerly called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset) results from the body's ineffective use of insulin. Type 2 diabetes comprises 90% of people with diabetes around the world, and is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity. The symptoms may be similar to those of Type 1 diabetes, but are often less marked.

Gestational diabetes is hyperglycaemia which is first recognised during pregnancy. Symptoms of gestational diabetes are similar to Type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes is most often diagnosed through prenatal screening, rather than reported symptoms.

Stress induced hyperglycaemia is usually associated with illness, surgery, infection, trauma, etc. It is caused by counter-regulatory hormone and cytokine responses to drugs given in situations like a heart attack or asthma causing gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in different organs.

What is the economic burden of diabetes?

Diabetes and its complications impose significant economic consequences on individuals, families, health systems and countries.

How can the burden of diabetes be reduced?

Without urgent action, diabetes-related deaths will increase by more than 50% in the next 10 years. To help prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications, people should:

- Achieve and maintain healthy body weight.

- Be physically active - at least 30 minutes of regular, moderate-intensity activity on most days. More activity is required for weight control.

Early diagnosis can be accomplished through relatively inexpensive blood testing. Treatment of diabetes involves lowering blood glucose and the levels of other known risk factors that damage to blood vessels. Tobacco cessation is also important to avoid complications.

Interventions that are both cost saving and feasible in developing countries include:

- Moderate blood glucose control. People with type 1 diabetes require insulin; people with type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medication, but may also require insulin;

- Blood pressure control;

- Foot care.

Other cost saving interventions include:

- Screening for retinopathy (which causes blindness);

- Blood lipid control (to regulate cholesterol levels);

Screening for early signs of diabetes-related kidney disease.
These measures should be supported by a healthy diet, regular physical activity, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use.


Name: _________________________
Date: _________________________

short vowels

Match the vocabulary words with the definitions on the right.

shed, shelf, spent, gas, drag, grip, spin, stamp, spend

_________ To part or divide.
_________ Consumed, used up, exhausted, depleted.
_________ To consume, to use, to exhaust.
_________ To pull along a surface or through a medium, sometimes with difficulty.
_________ To take hold, particularly with the hand.
_________ To make yarn by twisting and winding fibers together.
_________ A piece of currency that allows one to send things in the mail.
_________ Matter in a state intermediate between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly.


Michelin Tires

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Consumer Complaints and Reviews

I am very disappointed with my Michelin Defender Tires. I bought the best tire for my wife's crv. They only lasted 31k with a 90k warranty that michelin DID not honor. They are overpriced and overrated. Michelin dealer DID not honor warranty even though they mounted and balanced tires and lined car up which is not abused at all. They stated tires wore out, but would not honor warranty because I rotated the tires every 5k, not them. Poor excuse. They just lost a customer with three cars and one truck. Don't be fooled by warranty of 90k.

I do NOT recommend Michelin Tires to ANYONE! We purchased 2 tires for a GTO and went with the top of line for excellent performance and handling. We got NEITHER! The car drove awful. We purchased the tires in Oct 2014 and the vehicle is put away winters. In August 2016, about 2500 miles after the 2nd rotation, wire showed on the inside. (Yes, Rotations and Alignment were done.) We had 13,000 miles on a 60,000 mile warranty. Our Garage said the tires were soft garbage and to have them replaced by Michelin due to the uneven wear so quickly .So I took them back to Dunn Tire where the Tires were purchased for 250.00 each, and they said Michelin wouldn't honor the warranty because they were OBVIOUSLY never rotated or aligned. Yet, I had receipts for both. Hmmm.

I am still fighting this, but so far getting nowhere. Michelin does NOT like to honor warranties and I WISH I would have seen these reviews BEFORE I spent 500.00 on CRAP! (We just purchased Firestone Firehawks for GTO at 120.00 each, and the car handles better than EVER.) Will NEVER purchase Michelin again, and will tell everyone I know not to also! HORRIBLE customer service and they do NOT stand behind their warranty.

I have had 2 Michelin Latitude Tour HP tires that were the original equipment that came on my new 2013 Lexus RX 350 SUV. They had significant premature wear at only 10,000 and currently only have 24,000 miles on my car and all the tires have had to be replaced due to premature wear. I have contact Michelin too many times to count with no resolution or even a return call from their customer service dept.

Each time I call the adviser has to put me on hold for about 10 min. to read any notes in my account then comes back on the line to tell me the same thing they tell me each time I call. They say that they never received my inspection fax, which I have confirmation of them receiving it plus the dealership has also faxed it to them and they have confirmation as well but they lie and say they never received it. Supervisors are never available and if you leave a message to have one call you back they never do. I would never buy a Michelin product again. They do not honor their warranties or stand behind their products. I have never dealt with a worse customer service department. They are clueless, robots that answer the phones.

My Michelin tire blew 2 weeks ago (2015 Equinox) exiting highway. Thank goodness for that part. 10 thousand miles on tire. They would not pay anything towards tire as they said I drove on the tire. Yes, I pulled off road and drove maybe 500 feet. Had tire replaced at my cost and again tonight when I left highway the same thing happened. The brand new tire. Towed car to dealership to ensure no mechanical problem caused this. If none found the tires will ALL be replaced with a different brand. You pay top dollar for garbage product that can kill you. Company should be held accountable for their negligence and inferior quality.

Bought Michelin LTX M/S2 tires and love them! Love these tires. Bought them for my Toyota 4runner before a cross country road trip. As a single woman with her dog, I'm so glad I paid more and went with these better tires as they literally saved my life during harsh weather conditions with wind, rain and flooding. Also, Michelin stood by their tire when I ran over a piece of road debris in rural Idaho. I called and they got me the right tire at the nearest Toyota dealer for free. Excellent product and excellent customer service. Now selling my car and the hardest part is that I want the tires!

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Thought was to put a nice quality tire on it that would last. Pay top dollar for these tires. Bought a 60,000 mile warranty tire to get half the life of the tire. At 32,000 miles not covered due to I have had them 7 years. Truck I have is not used much, maybe 5,000 miles a year. It's kept in the garage all year with tires rotated regularly. LAST MICHELIN I WILL EVER BUY!!! And I will make sure the people I work with and all that I know not to waste their money on a Michelin. Poor quality tire. I could have bought a foreign tire for a lot less and got the same mileage.

I was in need of new tires so I purchased Michelin Tires for my Ford Explorer. Extremely happy with the quality of the tires and the 70,000-mile guarantee. I would recommend Michelin to my friends.

I bought a used car that came with Michelin tires and had a 60,000 mile warranty and needed replacement when I reached 40K. I was pissed off that I couldn't take advantage of the warranty because of the limitations on where to get the new tires. I ended up buying new Michelin tires from a wholesale club that offer a better deal but would not be able to take advantage of the Michelin warranty. I contacted Michelin telling them how disappointing it was and they sent me a check for more than the value of the original promised credit although I didn't even ask for any. This was my first time interacting with Michelin customer service and was very pleased with the way it was handled.

I like others paid over 700 for Michelin HydroEdge tires. I started seeing huge cracks where the side wall meets the tread. We took our car to Sears to show them. I rotate my tires faithfully as well as getting alignments. The middle tread was a 6, the sides were 3s all worn evenly. I thought getting a 90000 mile warranty would be good. Nope. My car only has on 4000 miles on these tires and the side walls are cracked to the point that they will fail inspection. I got a hold of Michelin and they will only give me a 35 percent credit on the tires which comes out to 47.20 on each tire.

I must replace them with defenders so out of pocket would cost me over 600.00 dollars (this is after their credit of 189.00). They are horrible. They wouldn't go with the tread of 6, only the 3s. What a damn rip off. This company should be sued. They should have a recall and replace their tires and have to pay for any damages that side wall blow outs have caused. I nor any of my family or friends will ever buy Michelin again. You people should be ashamed of yourselves.

Bought a set of Michelin Hydroedge in 2011. I paid a premium price of $600 for 90,000 mile tires so they lasted a long time. After about 30,000 miles, I've had three sidewall blowouts. One at 500 miles. Was covered warranty and replaced free. The second blew out at 10,000 miles, out of warranty. It cost me $150 to replace it. The third blowout occurred July, 2016 at 30,000 miles. So, I have to replace a set of tires that cost me about $750 that should have lasted me a whole lot longer than this. I've owned cars for 50 years and never experienced such tire problems. So, you can't blame it on me. It must be a manufacturer defect. All blowouts were about 1.5" and occurred at the same location, where the tread meets the sidewall. I've contacted Michelin but don't expect to hear from them.

Michelin Tires: I had a set of four Michelin tire on my Chevy Van. They all had plenty of treadwear left on each tire. One day while driving at 55-60 mph the tread on the left rear tire unwound from the side walls on both sides. The tread wrapped around the axle housing, with the result that the wheel locked up and stopped turning. This caused the van to start to spin on the freeway. It was all I could do to maintain control. The photo shows what my tire and wheel looked like after the incident. One of the reasons I have always bought Michelin tires is so that these kinds of things won't happen. But, I guess I could have bought the cheapest tire made overseas, in a country not known for making good products, and nothing worse could have happened.

Similar to a previous reviewer, Joan of Morrow, GA on May 11, 2016, I purchased (over $700) a set of four Michelin Defenders for my VW SportWagen Diesel on December 23, 2014 that were warranted for 90,000 miles. The tires would not pass inspection due to wear in June 2016. Be advised that the tires are 2 1/2 years old and the wear was even wear (see photo). The car is mostly driven on highways. The 90,000 mile warranty is only effective if you have receipts for tire rotation every 5,000 miles according to Mavis. The tires wore out at 53,000 miles. The original equipment tires lasted longer than that. Michelin mileage claims are definitely overstated and belong in the marketing baloney bin. By the way, does anyone have the time to have the tires rotated every 86 days or less? That requirement is a bogus way to avoid warranty obligations. Michelins are not worth the price.

My Accord Hybrid has only 14K miles and couple of weeks ago while driving home had a front passenger side tire failure for no apparent reason. On close examination found a crack on the outside wall. Got the car towed to the local dealership. After some run around got to talk to Michelin customer service and she agreed to pay 75% towards my tire. Tonight once again while driving on a freeway I got a low tire pressure warning on my dash and was able to exit the freeway safely.

Upon checking for flat found another crack this time back passenger tire and a crack is inside wall. Is anybody else having similar experience??? Please do share. I am really disappointed with Michelin quality. All my previous Honda(s) had Michelin and over the years I have been religiously replacing the tires with OEM Michelin. With Hybrid I have serious concerns as the car doesn't come with spare nor does it has any tools other than air compressor and fix-a -flat that can't be use with a crack in the tire sidewall.

Worse tire & worse company I have ever dealt with. I bought these tire, put 5K miles on the tires & my side wall blew out. Right at that time, I read that Michelin was recalling tires for rupturing (8/29/15) in the newspaper. But they would not honor my ruptured sidewall... really?? Looked for a replacement tire to match, only to find out that they have been discontinued by Michelin. Tried to do a warranty claim, Michelin would not honor. So not only could I not find a match, I had to buy another tire, but Michelin would not credit me anything. When I talked to Cust. Svc. rep. he would not honor anything for the blow & out & when I asked to speak to Michelin Supervisor, they were too busy to talk to customers on the phone. Obviously, Michelin is too big for the small guy. I will never buy another Michelin product. I would suggest that other consumers do the same!

Anyone know if there is a recall or some type rebate on the Michelin tires that have over 50% tread but the sidewalls are weather checked badly? Not sure just how safe these are? I know some tire dealers are taking them off because of severe weather checking on the side walls. All the ones I have seen that where taken off have 50 to 70% tread.

In Sept 2013 I was informed by the Ford dealer that all 4 tires on my E-350 van had severe side wall cracking and were part of a recall by Michelin. The tires had 26,870 miles. They prorated the tires and covered 30% of the cost to replace them. Now I see that 2 of the 4 tires are again cracking badly on the side walls and they only have 8,141 miles on them. How can this be... My car has Michelin radials and we have never had any problems with those tires. I'm very concerned about driving long distances with these tires and will bring the vehicle down to the Ford dealer to have them check them out. If Michelin does not replace these tires at their cost I will never buy Michelin Tires again. This is a huge safety issue and they need to admit that they have a manufacturing defect here and need to fess up before lives are lost.

I bought $900 Michelin Tires with prediction of 90,000... I took car to Discount Tire for scheduled requiem rotation to be told, had to have new tires as my tires were dangerous at only 29,000. A Prorated amt was viewed but still cost in the hundreds to replace 4 tires... The reason for my review is that I want customers to be aware as to their purchase of Michelin tires.

Just had my 2012 Buick Lacrosse, equipped with Michelin energy saver tires, inspected. I was informed that one of the front tires would not pass inspection due to cracks that were exposing the underlying chords of the tire. I was also informed that the other tire on the front had similar cracking and would need to be replaced soon. The rear tires also had cracks but were not as bad.

I viewed the tires and saw for myself the cracks and the exposed chords. The tires do have 40,000 miles on them but the tread depth remaining was adequate to pass inspection. I get my car serviced at the required intervals and have the tires rotated when required. I was told by the service individual that a tire in this condition could easily fail if it hit a pot hole. I live in PA so if you are a resident of this state you already know how poor the roads are. My concern is that people with these tires may think they are okay because the tread depth is adequate but they could easily fail causing a catastrophic result.

I bought new Michelin tires that have about 10000 miles on them and they are cracked on the side wall. I called up the tire company and was told that they would NOT refund me my money but would give me 25% off a new set of. What a joke this business is.

I bought 4 Michelin tires at discount tire 2.5 years ago and now have 18000 miles on them. While on a trip I had to go to a dealership and they told me my tires had cracks on the sidewalks and I should have that addressed because tires were leaking air. This is the first time I've ever had tires do that to me. When I showed Discount Tire they wanted $400 to replace them. In my opinion the tires are defective and not safe, that Michelin should replace them at their expense.

Our daughter recently bought her "dream car" - a Jeep Grand Cherokee. It is about 6 months old. She was driving home from Los Angeles two weeks ago and she had the rear tire blowout. Her car went into a spin, was clipped by a big rig, she ended up in the carpool lane facing oncoming traffic. By a miracle, she was able to get to the shoulder of the road, unharmed, other than bruising. She is extremely fortunate in surviving this accident, but we are most unhappy with these Michelin tires. It sounds like the damage to her car will exceed repair.

I own a 2015 Honda Civic EXL. Love the car. The Car came with Michelin tires - these tires have 21,000 miles and have started to shake. Took the car for inspection last week and was told by the technician that it appears that all four tires have a wobble which indicates that the belts are near their breaking point. I am a very unhappy customer - will not ever buy another vehicle with Michelin tires. Was told by the Honda dealer that they do not do Michelin warranty work so I would have to contact Michelin myself and talk to a qualified service station for an estimate on what they could do for me. Sears was the closest qualified warranty service for the Michelin tires. Arrived at sears and the Technician confirmed that there is something wrong with all four tires - they then had to contact Michelin to see what they would do.

After approximately 1 hour time we were told that they would give us a credit of 45% or approximately $89 dollars per tire toward the purchase of 4 new Michelin tires. However we would have to get the car aligned at a cost of $89.99 and pay a whopping $115.00 labor to have the new tires installed. In the end it will cost us somewhere in the neighborhood of $500 + to get the new tires on the car. They will not give us the credit and let us choose a different type of tire which is what we wanted to do. Why would we want the same type of tire that only lasted 21,000 miles?

We did not have the tires replaced today. However, once getting home we contacted our local garage to get a price for four new replacement tires (another brand). We can purchase them from this dealer for less than $500. Why would I go through Sears??? These Michelin tires are JUNK. I believe they are producing an inferior product and should replace the tires at no cost to the consumer. I will Never purchase another vehicle with Michelin tires and also will never purchase a replacement Michelin tire. They are nothing but Junk...

My wife experienced a second tire failure today while driving down the road. Our 2015 Ford Escape has 11,011 miles on it. The first failure occurred in mid-January 2016 when the vehicle had 9,537 miles on it. The sidewall on both tires showed a large crack in it after the failure. Both failures were not the result of striking a road hazard. The tire deflation light came on right away when the failures occurred. The failures did not result in a collision since they occurred at a speed of approximately 25 mph and there wasn't any traffic around.

The first failed tire was replaced with the same Michelin tire. My wife and I have both been driving 40+ years and I've never experienced a problem like this with any of my vehicles or with a Michelin tire in the past. I strongly suspect there is a design issue or manufacture defect with these tires. It has been a rare instance when this vehicle has been operated on the highway. I am reluctant to do so with these tires on the vehicle, and equally reluctant to replace this second failure with a like Michelin considering the complaints I have found registered with the national highway traffic safety administration after researching this tire on the nhtsa.gov website. I do have photos of the second failed tire to document the damage and tire dot # since I will be replacing the failed tire today. One star is over rating these tires. I would steer clear of this product from Michelin.

I own a 2013 Cadillac ATS with Michelin MXM4 tires with about 28k miles. The first two years they performed well. The third year two tires split at the bead of the tire where the tire first touches the rim. The first instance was on the front passage side. The dealer said it was from a pot hole (although I don't remember hitting any large potholes) and paid for the repair. I called Michelin and they gave me 25% off the repair.

The second incident happen about 3 weeks later on the front driver's side. I had the car towed to the dealer because the car was unsafe to drive. This issue is still unresolved. However I did the following: Research online. I found hundreds of similar issue with Michelin tires. I've come to the conclusion the tires are defective and need to be removed from the road before someone gets killed, if it didn't happen already. Placed an incident with NHTSA, number **. Placed an incident with GM, number **.

The GM dealership and Michelin seemed unconcerned that the tire could cause serious injuries or death. The dealership said it was a pothole. Who gives them the right to assume how the problem happen. If a tire's sidewall is splitting at 2-3 years old with less than 30k miles then the tire is defective. It should handle a pothole. I believe, hypothetically Michelin's new process using sunflower oil is the problem. They use the sunflower oil to make the tire pliable. I believe after 2-3 years the tires are drying out and become brittle and making them more susceptible to splits and sidewall blowouts.

Sidewall blowout are one of the most dangerous occurrences that can happen while driving. Why is there not a class action suit or a recall for this problem. How many people have to die before something is done. It would be a miracle if something was done before a multitude of injuries and death. Although deaths don't seem to bother GM.

I purchased four Michelin Defender 90K on February 26, 2013 for my Town Car for Classic Ford in Columbia, South Carolina. I purchase them because for the 90K. I had 126,632 miles on my car and now I have 164,861. That's only 38,229 miles. The service center are telling me that I need to buy some new tires.

Michelin Defender - tread life claim is pure fraud. In 2012 purchased 4 new tires, 175/70 R14 for my tiny Hyundai Accent. The car is a lightweight. I have almost put 30k on the tires and they are just about done, maybe another 5k left (but no way for next winter). I do not remember precisely what the treadwear claim was when I bought them, I believe it was either 70k or 90k. For argument's sake, let's say 60k rating. There is no way these tires would last as long as claimed under any circumstance. Lessoned learned, do not pay attention to treadwear ratings, they are bogus and never work your advantage.

New tires. After 16000 miles worn out at front of my car. I mean tread almost gone! Michelin said maybe under inflated tires. Only thing I did wrong was not rotated for that distance. Something is wrong with Michelin. Never had this problem before. Tires are aligned. Discount tire said it is due to not rotating every 8k miles. B.S.! These are 90k mile tires. I can accept some wear but not worn bald!

We bought four Michelin tires in LA 4 years ago before moving to Manteca. Since then we were so happy that our Tundra truck got a new tires that we thought fits the road to pull our boat. But few months thereafter we observed little cracked on all tires on its side wall. We were trying to find our receipt for warranty but seems to misplaced it. We inquired at Michelin dealer... And provided us some tire recall for certain Michelin tires. But unlucky for us the size we bought which is P265/65R17 ALL-TERRAIN was not part of that recall. We're very disappointed.

Michelin LT275/65R20 F 350 Super Duty 2014 - I imported to Sydney Australia and have 16K on the tires after 16 months - The sidewalls are peeling with a thin coat of black rubber (less than 1 mm - actually about the thickness of a rubber dishwashing glove) revealing what was a covered white wall beneath. The rubber is just peeling away - looks terrible on an 80,000 truck and there would be millions of these in the USA. No off road at all - and the problem started at 4k.

Purchased MXM4 Tires with 55K mile warranty and after 7400 miles the tires are worn down to the wear bars. The tires were $275 each... waiting for a response from Michelin.

Expert Review

Lauren FixAutomotive Contributing Editor

Michelin is a global company that produces tires in nearly every category. Michelin operates several tire plants in the United States and has been in the tire business for over 100 years.

  • Beyond cars and trucks: Michelin offers a full range of tires, including bicycle, motorcycle, agriculture and commercial tires.
  • Availability: Michelin tires are available through major tire retailers as well as through stores such as BJ’s, Sam's and Costco.
  • Michelin Promise Plan: For light truck and passenger tires, Michelin offers a comprehensive satisfaction plan. It includes a 30-day satisfaction guarantee, 3-year flat tire changing assistance and a limited mileage warranty.
  • Find My Tires Tool: Michelin's search tool is easy to use and comprehensive, allowing search by vehicle, tire size, tire name or tire category.
  • Michelin Travel: Michelin has long been known for its comprehensive and global travel guides.
  • Best for Sports car and high-end vehicle drivers, extreme performance, touring, winter, run-flats, light truck and SUV drivers and passenger vehicle drivers.

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Michelin Tires Company Profile

Company Name:
P.O. Box 19001
Postal Code:
United States


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Scrooge Mcduck's Toontown is where infamous toons go when they aren't dropping anvils on each other.

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In Scrooge Mcduck's Toontown, if you sit on a warrior it may make you an honorary citizen.


Fruit trees, row crops may be weather affected

      LONOKE, Ark. (AP) - Up and down temperatures across Arkansas may affect Arkansas fruit trees and a wet spring could delay planting of row crops in the state.

      The Thursday night and Friday morning storms brought hail and rain damaged homes and downed trees across the state - but it also has helped start grass growing and began filling ponds for livestock in the state.

      The rains also left fields wet and could delay the planting of crops including rice, soybeans, potatoes and onions.


Scientists and Their Discoveries

Scientists and Their Discoveries

4.11 - 1251 ratings - Source

This series takes a fresh look at history by using original documents as the starting point for studying major events or periods in the past. The author draws on a wide range of sources, from diaries and letters to speeches and legal documents. Each document is set in context and fully annotated. They have been set in modern type for legibility, but photographs of some of the original documents are also shown. The books are highly illustrated with photographs, reproductions and maps. Scientists and their Discoveries looks at the lives and achievements of many of the scientists who have transformed the world with discoveries ranging from tiny subatomic particles to the massive and powerful mechanisms that drive the Earth and the stars - Marie curie, Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin and Harry Hess and many more. It examines their ideas and how they affected society, highlighting their work which was a mixture of experiment, collaboration and brilliant individual insight that has characterised scientific advance down the ages.Despite his brilliance, Einstein did make some errors. ... Einstein and the bomb Einsteina#39;s fourth paper of 1905 contained the famous equation E = mc , which shows the relationship between energy (E) and mass (m). ... Einstein and other scientists wrote to the American president, Franklin D. Roosevelt, urging that the USA carry out similar research ... Hiroshima, Japan, after the atomic bomb was dropped.

Title:Scientists and Their Discoveries
Author:Christine Hatt
Publisher:Evans Brothers - 2006-11-01


The United Methodist Committee on Relief, UMCOR, will be on the ground in Haiti with food, water, flood buckets, and medical supplies as soon as relief workers are allowed in to the area. 100% of every dollar you give goes towards the relief efforts.

Our mission is to invite others to walk with us as disciples, growing in love and knowledge of God, so that we can transform the world into a place where God's great love can be seen by everyone.

You are invited to join the ministry of Level Creek United Methodist Church.  We are striving to follow in the footsteps of Jesus Christ, worshipping our God of love and compassion, offering ourselves in service to others, and prayerfully participating in the work of the Holy Spirit.

Level Creek UMC has a rich history and deep roots in the Suwanee community. Our story is filled with incredible people who humbly serve God and faithfully serve the community. We continue to grow, continue to learn, and continue to seek God's presence in the world.


caitlyn jenner shows the hurdles of her post-transition life

the process is not a rush

Despite the incredible amount of support that Caitlyn Jenner has received since announcing her transgender identity, the latest episode of I Am Cait proves that things aren't necessarily easy for Jenner post-transition. Although she admittedly has experienced a more seamless transition than most, she still experiences new hurdles and challenges daily, with things that many woman simply take for granted, like wearing a bathing suit.

On a trip to San Francisco with her girlfriends, Jenner was invited to join her friends in a hot tub. Jenner's friend, Jenny Boylan, asked Jenner, "Caity, have you been swimming? Have you been swimming in your own bathing suit yet?" Jenner answered that she had been in a bathing suit, but had not yet been swimming. It is clear that she is uncomfortable with the topic.

In a later interview, Jenner honestly stated, "This process of coming out, doesn't happen overnight. There are so many hurdles to overcome." This emotion is further reiterated as she speaks directly to the camera late at night while her friends are in the hot tub: "I don't think I'm ready for that. You have to realize, these girls transitioned years and years ago. I just don't know if I'm ready to expose myself like that."

Though at surface level, it seems like putting on a bathing suit is a simple task, but this segment shows how certain experiences and processes are more difficult for transgender people than most may realize. Jenner addresses the importance of waiting until she feels ready and comfortable with the idea. The scene also sheds light on how necessary it is for others to not rush transgendered people into situations they may not feel ready for.

It is uplifting and admirable to see Jenner continuing to face these challenges head-on as she adjusts to her post-transition life. The latest promo shows Jenner looking beautiful in a white one-piece swimsuit, sitting by the pool with her feet in the water. So though she may not have felt ready to join her friends in the hot tub before, it seems she has learned to grow more comfortable with the idea wearing a bathing suit in a public setting. Watching Jenner overcome the hurdles one at a time makes I Am Cait a truly inspirational series to follow.


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7-1 Science Final

7-1 Spring Science Final

What is the pupil of your eye? the hole in the eye through which light enters. If the lights in a dark room are turned on, your pupil gets smaller.
Which part of the eye controls the amount of light that is allowed to enter? iris
What are the photoreceptor cells that detect different color of light in the human eye? cone cells
What does the optic nerve in your eye do? it sends nerve impulses to the brain
Rod cells respond to _____________________________. White, black, and gray and detect light.
The largest part of the brain. It controls the senses (touch, taste, smell, vision, and hearing). cerebrum
3 parts of the brain cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla
central nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord
What does your outer ear do? act like a funnel to collect sound waves
The eardrum is in the middle ear. What does the ear drum do? vibrates in response to sound in the ear canal
Why is the inner ear important? provides our sense of hearing and our sense of balance.
What does the circulatory system do for our bodies? Delivers oxygen to our body and removes wastes and carbon dioxide from the cells.
What are the important parts of the circulatory system? heart, blood, and blood vessels?
What are the three blood vessels? arteries, veins, and capillaries
Which body system delivers oxygen and removes wastes from the cells? circulatory system, also know as the body's "transport system"
What are alveoli? Where gas exchange happens, found in the lungs, and are surrounded by capillaries.
What are the smallest blood vessels in the body? Capillaries
Which blood vessel brings back blood towards the heart? veins
What is the function of the right side of the heart? collect oxygen-poor blood from the body and pump it to the lungs
What is the function of the left side of the heart? collects oxygen-RICH blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? arteries
What is the function of red blood cells? carry oxygen to the cells,
Why are white blood cells important? they are a part of the immune system and help fight infections.
Which body system consists of the lungs and passageways that lead to the lungs? the respiratory system
What is process by which the body exchanges and uses gases? respiration
Which body system breaks down food using enzymes and absorbs nutrients into the blood? digestive system
Which organ mixes up digestive juices with swallowed food and liquids and sends it to the small intestine? stomach
Which organ sits behind the stomach and produces enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid when food enters the duodenum? pancreas
What is the job of the large intestine? absorb water and package waste.
Why are the tiny, finger-like projections called villi important in the small intestine? they increase surface area for absorption of nutrients
Some examples of vestigial organs? human's appendix and whale leg bones
What is mitosis? the division of a cell's nucleus
Why is mitosis important? repairs damaged/injured cells, growth, and replaces dead cells
Which phase of mitosis shows the chromosomes lined up in the center of the cell? metaphase
Which phase of mitosis shows the chromosomes pulling apart? anaphase
Which phase of mitosis shows 2 nucleus? telophase
During which phase is the DNA copied/replicated? Interphase
What is the base pair rule for MRNA? G goes with C. C goes with G. T goes with A. A goes with U.
What is the base pair rule for DNA? G goes with C. C goes with G. A goes with T. T goes with A.
The 4 bases of RNA are: AGUC
What is a change in the hereditary material called? mutation
What is the form of a trait that an organism displays? Phenotype (for example, tall or short)
The letter code for a trait genotype (for example, TT or tt)
The form of a trait that always shows up when uppercase allele is present dominant trait
The form of trait that always hides when dominant trait is present recessive trait
Genotypes for dominant traits RR (homozygous dominant) or Rr (heterozygous)
Genotypes for recessive traits rr (homozygous recessive)
What makes up proteins in our cells? amino acids
What is the tool used to determine the possible phenotypes of offspring for a certain trait? Punnett Square
How does studying DNA base sequence help us learn about the relationships of different species? the more similar their base sequence, the more closely related the species are
What happens when a species produces too many offspring? only the healthiest (best fit) will survive
Which tool is used to show relationships between living species and their ancestors? a cladogram
Characteristics of prokaryotic cells no nucleus, bacteria, loose DNA
Characteristics of eukaryotic cells nucleus, DNA is found in nucleus
How is bacteria classified? shape (spiral, rod, and ball shape)
Where do Archaebacteria live? in extreme environments, such as volcanoes.
What is a virus? tiny, non-living particles made up of genetic material and proteins
What are some characteristics of a virus? does not reproduce, eat or make its own food.
Created by: solgarcia


10 Effective Home Remedies To Treat Tingling Sensation August 3, 2016

Do you often face tingling or numbness in your hands and feet? Does your skin tingle when you step out into the sun? Tingling sensation and numbness are disorders that can cause quite a stir in your life. But then, what causes these conditions? And what are the remedies for it?

Want to have the answers? Then go ahead with the post!

Causes Of Tingling Sensation:

Tingling sensation is a common condition that most people experience in their life. They are usually temporary and are a result of awkward postures or pressure applied on a certain body part. The characteristic ‘pins and needles’ effect usually happens with inactivity.

Although usually temporary, you can suffer from outbreaks of tingling and sometimes even chronic tingling. This is the result of deep rooted problems like nerve damage, which can also induce tingling sensations. Other causes include bacterial infections, toxic exposures and even a predisposition to diabetes. Tingling sensations can also lead to other symptoms like numbness, pain, and itching (1).

Causes Of Numbness:

Numbness is another manifestation of tingling and usually occurs in the same way. Nerve pressure or inactivity or damage is a leading cause of numbness. Sometimes other conditions like tendon pain and repetitive motion syndrome lead to numbness in fingers and toes as well. Sometimes, lack of blood circulation can also lead to numbness and tingling sensations (2).

Natural Remedies For Tinglings In Hands And Feet:

Now that we know about the causes, let’s look at some home remedies for tingling and numbness! Next time you get that ‘pins and needles’ sensation, you can try one of these simple tips!

1. Move Around:

Usually, tingling sensation and numbness are caused by sitting in the same position for long stretches of time. The best treatment for this is trying some basic stretches or exercising a little to improve blood circulation (3).

2. Correct Posture:

Often our incorrect posture or lack of movement can trigger numbness and tingling. Awkward posture can restrict blood circulation, which leads to numbness. Incorrect posture can also lead to back pain and tingling sensations in the bladder or abdomen. So the next time you are on the computer or are watching television, be sure to maintain the right posture (4).

3. Rest:

Continuous activity can also trigger tingling in the feet and arms. So, the best way to treat such cases is to lie down and take a nice kip (5).

4. Yoga/Physiotherapy:

One of the best ways to ease tingling sensation and numbness is regularly practicing yoga. Yoga helps calm the body and mind, and at the same time also helps enhance and stimulate healthy blood circulation. Thus, it can significantly help reduce tingling and numbness (6).

5. Vitamin B- Complex:

This is one of the best home remedies for episodic or chronic tingling or numbness. A lack of vitamin B12 is one of the most common reasons for chronic tingling and numbness (7).

However, do first consult your doctor before ingesting or taking any vitamin supplements.

6. Avoid Caffeine:

Another remedial action you can take is avoiding excessive coffee consumption. Caffeine dehydrates the body and impedes blood circulation, thereby leading to numbness and tingling. Thus, avoid caffeine and avoid tingling (8).

7. Include Magnesium In Diet:

Magnesium is an essential mineral that not only solves problems like insomnia, but also helps the nervous and cardiovascular system function optimally. You can consider supplementing your diet with magnesium, as it helps enhance blood circulation, which in turn lessens tingling and numbness (9).

8. Use NSAIDs:

Sometimes, the numbness or tingling can be caused by something sinister like carpal tunnel syndrome. You can use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to cure tingling and numbness (10).

9. Lower Blood Sugar:

Another cause for tingling and numbness is diabetes. A common condition associated with diabetes, called diabetic neuropathy, can lead to pain, tingling and numbness in the fingers and toes. So, try and eat foods that help you lower blood sugar (11).

10. Limit Alcohol:

Although you might be quite fond of your weekly glass of wine, you might want to consider giving it up. Studies prove that tingling and numbness can also be caused by alcoholism. Thus, one of the best ways to reduce the feeling is to limit the amount of alcohol you put into the system (12).

We hope that these remedies will help you get rid of that irritating tingling sensation! To tell us about any other activities that you use to get rid of this condition, share your experiences here. Leave a comment below!

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This App For Drone Users Warns Against Flying Drones In Restricted Areas

By: Rahul Kalvapalle - Nov 27, 2015
References: & techcrunch
B4UFLY is an app for drone users, developed by the Federal Aviation Authority, that tells drone users about any restrictions that might exist on unmanned aircraft in the particular area that they're in.

Drones have occasionally interfered with fire rescue efforts and have led to false alarms due to security concerns. This app aims to promote voluntary compliance with aviation rules by offering real-time, public information in a user-friendly format. All the user has to do is check the app before launching their drone, and they should be good to go.

As drones slowly begin to infiltrate the air space, there will surely arise instances of drones going where they shouldn't, but the B4UFLY app for drone users will help keep such instances to a minimum and prevent accident, theft and damage to property.


Africulture: Transfarming Africa (c)

Africulture is an organic, fair-trade, small-scale farmer coop for the resuscitation, rebranding and commercialization of lost & declining crops of Africa for longterm and sustainable food sec

LOCATION(S): General

Africulture: Transfarming Africa (c)

In the backdrop of Kenya's colonial history, and consequent shifts in consumption patterns, many traditional foods were put on the back burner, and have devolved, unfortunately, into a food for the lower class or rural citizens, in favor of corn products, heavily processed foods, and imported agri-cultures, such as disproportionate cash-crop farming that isn't viable in the face of food insecurities.

Most traditional crops are very resilient, enrich the soils and are very nutritious when consumed. We also recognize the urgency in the conversion to organic farming, following comprehensive studies on the negative impact of various chemical inputs on human health and the entire ecosystem in the short and long term, the environmental degradation as a result of chemical fertilisers, herbicides and the assault on bio-diversity as a result of GMOs.

Africulture will take a 3 pronged approach:

  1. Cultivation of unique, local vegetables and fruit crops through conservation agriculture (organic, agroforestry, and REDD carbon sequestration).
    We will start with support for the declining cereals like millet, amaranth and sorghum and local green leafy vegetables, like "Osuga” , “Mrenda” or "Kunde" grown in much of Western, Kisii and Nyanza Province in Kenya. They are popularly known by their vernacular names, and usually are the leaves of bean plants like the cow-peas (for kunde).
  2. Agroforestry: We’ll necessitate the growth of particular tree crops (butterfruit, imbe (mangosteen), ebony fruit, and agbayun (miracle berry)) for the immediate environmental benefits to the crops and environment,for long term harvest of exotic, commercial trees like the ebony which fetches extremely high market premium prices internationally, for its cultivated woods but provides valuable fruit in the meantime.
  3. Herb gardening: We’ll grow saffron and vanilla the world's most expensive spices (saffron is the most expensive with vanilla bean being the second most expensive), whose premiums will be realized on international markets and the funds will be used to increase the incomes of farmers and support the extension services of Africulture which we will usher in value addition and post harvest technologies such as canning, fruit preserves, drying, freeze drying among others.

Our innovation:

The rescusitation, re-branding and local and international retailing of particular traditional lost crops of Africa grown under organic methods and fair-trade conditions. This will be structured in a small-scale farming cooperative model, and target farmers initially in Ngozi village Kakamega, Western Kenya and duplicated across the country fostering long-term food security, sustainable and ethical agriculture, and promoting traditional agricultural science and methods.

The Beneficiaries:

The farmers in the co-op and entrepreneurs at all levels of production will stand to gain super-normal profits, and increased land productivity, in a system of agriculture that allows subsistence, bio-centric farming.Local entrepreneurs will gain from extensive employment opportunities emergent from the various stages of value added production, branding and marketing as well as revenue on the premium sales both locally, regionally and internationally.

Project funding:

In the short to med-term, we will work Investors paying for the start up process: seeds and proper farming implements, consultation and extension services during start-up and the packaging and marketing of products. In the long term our sales revenues from both traditional crops and premium herb and ebony will sustain expansion, production and marketing processes.

Project Timeline

6 mth:-Retailing of various traditional vegetables, in local and regional markets of Kisumu, Kakamega, Nairobi, Narok; mostly by street vendors.

12 mth:-Retailing of Africultures crops in local and regional markets of Kisumu, Kakamega, Nairobi, Narok, Mombasa; have our products carried in local supermarket chains Nakumatt, Tusky's, and Uchumi.

-Growth of saffron and ebony in nurseries and then introducing them to specific gardens 3-5 yrs:- Premium retailing of saffron spice and ebony wood to finance expansion and sustenance of project - Development of sister programs in other countries in Africa - Control of over 50% market share in traditional crops of Africa in regional and global markets

How will it be accomplished

Through our cooperativein Ngozi Village we will begin drive innovation to the farmers and incorporate the farmers into the knowledge and agency building process in a Participatory Action Research model.

Management team:

Four farmers at the executive planning board, with a combined 80 years of work within the industry.We will work in consultation with some of the best in the field, including leading research bodies in Africa along with University researchers at Michigan State University among other leading institutions.

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