Symbiosis Of The Universe

Conceptualizing Symbiosis

Everything in the Universe works in a symbiotic way, even things which are hard to understand. Symbiosis is a term constantly used in biology, which means a mutual relationship between living organisms. And the beauty about it is the reciprocity that exists so as to promote balance. A typical example of symbiosis is an animal that lives as parasite in another animal (host) and gets food from it. Likewise, bees have a symbiotic relationship with flowers. So is the Universe and its law.

The Symbiotic Relation Between The Mind and The Cosmic Universe

The Universe is a gigantic organism, surrounded by stars, planets and galaxies. Then, we can say that the sun and the moon correlate. Similarly, the night and day play their part in this whole system. Also, there is no denying the fact that the galaxies and planets maintain a mutual relation with the Earth. And, in a general sense, the reciprocal relationship between the opposites is what brings harmony to the unity. Taking that into account, we can say that the galaxies and all the species on Earth, including man and their mind, are closely intertwined. This can be seen in the close relationship between animals and the elements of nature. As well as that, the connection between man and nature gives them meaning, clarity, alignment, intuition, wisdom and understanding.

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Thus, it’s abundantly clear that circumstances always take place with a purpose, as they cannot happen independently.

Now, talking specifically about the human mind, there is no doubt that everything stems from it, even the emotions. To exemplify that, imagine a situation of suffering and sadness. Nobody wants to feel this way, because these feelings are repulsive. However, in order to reach happiness, sadness is necessary. A better way to understand that is by judging these opposite feelings on a scale of 1 to 10. So, consider 1 as the highest degree of sadness and 10 the highest degree of happiness. As you go through the scale, it becomes more intense towards one feeling or the other.

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The existing duality, though sometimes unacceptable, provides the foundation for the spiritual evolution.

Following this, the duality is so perceptible that some individuals may recognise themselves in this scale, what gives them perception and self-awareness. These awakening feelings are the driving force which will lead them to a new way of life.

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Man In Symbiotic Relationship With Nature

In addition, it is worth stating that symbiosis is nothing more than interconnectedness. Proof of this is the relation between humankind and nature. Mother nature needs to be in perfect condition to provide man with its resources. In other words, there must be a give and take in order to achieve a harmonious transaction. Otherwise, symbiosis will happen in a negative way. The environmental degradation, such as polution, forest fires and destruction, unsustainable resources exploitation only damages this symbiotic relationship. We depend on the air to breathe, the water to drink and also good weather conditions to survive.

Symbiosis And The Law Of Vibration

Our thoughts , words, emotions, actions are all made up of energy. We cannot see, but we can feel it. Take, for instance, a situation in which everytime you remember a negative situation, you feel bad. All the chemicals that you body liberates during this flashback is the result of the symbiotic relationship between your thoughts and your internal condition.

Equally important for us is our words, as they have power.

In this case, suppose that someone is feeling sad about something. And instead of bringing them positive words, you say a lot of pessimistic views of life. Such attitude will cause a linking between your words and the person’s feelings. As a result, the person will get even worse, because their feelings will resonate with your negative opinions.

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Symbiosis And The Law Of Cause And Effect

According to the Law of cause and effect, every action has a consequence. So, that old saying, “You reap what you sow” clearly summarizes that. In other words, our behavior, thoughts, feelings and words, being good or bad, will create a circumstance for us, as nothing happens by chance. This law has a connection with karma, past lives and also with present life. Thus, everything we do now has an effect. The same way, the situation we are dealing with now is life actively responding to us.

Material And Spiritual Realms Acting In Symbiosis

For most of us life is a mystery. As well as that, we also tend to think that material and spiritual realms are worlds apart. In reality, symbiosis proves otherwise. The third dimension where we live in gives us an illusion of this material world. Hence, our inferior level of consciousness does not allow us to have the perception of other dimensions. This insight can only be acquired through meditation, yoga and self-healing.

Once you increase your level of consciousness, you become more sensitive and intuitive.

This way, you understand better your real purpose in this world. In a nutshell, the supposed material world has a spiritual plan for every one of us. Then, too much focus on the material reduces connection with the spiritual world. Both of them must be in equilibrium for mankind evolution.

Symbiosis And Peace Of Mind

We’ve got to find peace of mind, balancing our dark side with our bright side. Equally, ego and material detachment must fade away, giving place to serenity and tranquility. When these two opposite sides of the same coin reach a similar threshold, the individual attains a much deeper connection with the Universe. And therefore, the Universe responds positively to the person’s desires and aspirations. To put it differently, man works symbiotically their inner self which in turn results in a positive relation with the Cosmos.

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Symbiosis And What We Eat

What we eat affects directly what we think and how we feel. The symbiotic relationship between food and our energy is superpowerful. Not only does the food give us strength, it also nurtures our mind and soul. This way, sun-kissed foods has all the elements of nature which helps us physically, emotionally, psychologically and spiritually. Because of that, a plant-based diet is highly recommended. This diet is 100% natural, free from preservatives, artificial colourings, acrylamide, aspartame and other chemicals which cause us serious harm.

In conclusion, we can say that “you are what you eat”.

So, if you eat junk food, you feel literally like junk. The same theory goes for processed food. This symbiotic effect is due to the chemicals and toxins which create acidic conditions in your body. This creates a domino effect on the way you think, influencing straight your emotions. Moreover, if you eat meat, you absorb the suffering from butchered animals. As a consequence, you lower your spiritual frequency energy vibration. Along with that, you attract bad energy for circumstances in your life. Energy can never be destroyed, it can only be transferred. All life forms on Earth have feelings, which make them sacred. Once we disrespect that, we become insensitive and selfish. No wonder that there is a lot of violence, corruption, wars and maliciousness the world over.

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Art And Fashion World

Art and fashion world have a longstanding relationship. Over the years, they have established strong ties owing to man’s creativity. These two forms of expression promote entertainment and arouse enthusiasm among people. What possibly explains that is the air of freedom and independence they emanate.

Admittedly, new generations always come with new ideas. However, there is no denying the fact that professionals with a consolidated experience improve their work more and more. So, inevitably, they become inspiring people for many enthusiasts.

Today, learning, creation and specialization have become pretty common. Thanks to Internet, all of this have been made easier and possible. Then, there is no excuse for not following your dream.

art and fashion

Art and fashion are predominant in society

Art encompasses a wide range of ideas and subjects. According to the person’s abilities and viewpoints, it can reach a specific threshold. Now talking about fashion, it uses sophistication in partnership with art.

It’s convenient to mention that art also expresses itself separately. Furthermore, it is more wide-ranging than fashion. A clear explanation for this is that art explores a huge variety of fields, being fashion just one of them.

The ads below are for those interested in the topics mentioned above. You will find online art lessons, tips on how to take your movie from script to screen, spray paint art lessons, painting on watercolor canvas instructions, online fashion tips and many more. Take advantage of what suits you better and start your journey! It’s the time you have to discover how far you can go. But, keep in mind that your research must be careful. With this intention, read the ads, interpret them, compare them. Sooner or later you will see which one you will identify yourself with most and choose. And you will conclude that there is nothing better than doing what you love!

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Point Distance Time Fuel
Portsmouth 0 km 0:00 00 min 0.0 L
A2047 M27 23 km, 17 min
Swanwick 23 km 0:17 17 min 1.7 L
M27 3 km, 02 min
Lowford 26 km 0:19 19 min 2.0 L
M27 8 km, 08 min
Southampton 34 km 0:28 28 min 2.2 L

How long is the drive from Portsmouth to Southampton

This calculator can be used to estimate the driving time from Portsmouth to Southampton. Calculation how many hours from Portsmouth to Southampton was made without taking into account intermediate stops and traffic jams. The speed on each way segment was taken into account to estimate how long the drive is.

Portsmouth - Southampton is ranked 43rd in the ranking popularity.
The distance between Portsmouth and Southampton is 19 miles or 30 kilometers.
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Question: Are Army Rangers Like Navy SEALs?

Is Ranger or SEAL training harder?

No, SEAL training is not harder than Ranger Training, and BEING a SEAL is not harder than being a Ranger, but the missions are different, so you’re comparing apples to oranges.

SEAL training is a whole different animal than Ranger training..

Which is harder Special Forces or Ranger?

Having a Ranger Tab and the Special Forces Tab, I get asked all the time which school was harder. The answer is complicated. Both schools are physically and mentally challenging, but in different ways. I generally say that Ranger school sucks more but the Q course is harder.

What knife do Army Rangers use?

An Army Ranger’s Preferred Folding Knife | Benchmade Griptilian | SOFREP.

Who is the most elite military unit in the world?

How elite are Army Rangers?

The Rangers are the most elite large-scale fighting force the Army has to offer. Their mission, depending on the operation, can range from airfield seizure to special reconnaissance to direct action raids on select targets and individuals, and they have a rich operational history.

What is the hardest Army school?

Marine Corps Basic Training Largely considered the toughest basic training program of the United States Armed Forces, Marine training is 12 weeks of physical, mental, and moral transformation. Special attention is given to close combat skills and master marksmanship training (every Marine is a rifleman, after all).

Can Army Rangers become Green Berets?

Of course, the active duty route is the most recognized way to become Army Special Forces, Army Ranger Regiment, Navy SEAL, Air Force PJ, MarSOC – the ground force members of the Special Operations Command. … And they earn the actual Green Beret – this is not a reserve course.

Do Army Rangers see combat?

While in the past Rangers were trained to conduct raids, ambushes, and airfield seizures, today they are conducting combat operations at a higher level of sophistication while still staying proficient on the basics.

Can Army Rangers have tattoos?

Yes, but there are some restrictions. It cannot be indecent, racist, extremist or sexist. Also, it cannot show on the neck above where a shirt with necktie would cover. Tattoos on the hands are limited to, I believe, one on the finger of each hand and cannot extend below the knuckle.

Can Rangers have beards?

No. Unless there are extenuating circumstances, where they may relax the standard to something like an every 3 day shave, Rangers are expected to always follow AR 670–1. … But Rangers aren’t like Special Forces, where full grown beards are a common occurrence.

What is the Army equivalent to Navy SEAL?

The Navy SEALs probably get the most attention in the media, but the Army Special Forces, the Marine Special Operations Command and the USAF’s Pararescue teams are all equally highly trained combat and survival specialists.

What is the most elite military unit in the US?

Are Army Rangers considered special forces?

The 75th Ranger Regiment is a Special Operations Force, but they are not considered Special Forces because that term in the United States Army refers to units with a different, and specific purpose that perform other missions besides those of the Ranger Regiment.

Who are the toughest Special Forces?

Are Green Berets more elite than Rangers?

Green Berets and Army Rangers are considered some of the toughest special operations forces in the US Armed Forces, if not the world. … While both of these units are highly elite in their own right, the amount of specialized training it takes to be a Ranger is less than what it takes to be a Green Beret.

What is the most secretive military unit?

The 6 most-secret units in military historyTask Force 88/Task Force Black. … 6493rd Test Squadron/6594th Test Group. … Delta Force/Combat Applications Group/Army Compartmented Elements is more well known, but still pretty secret. … SEAL Team 6/DEVGRU. … 7781 Army Unit/39th Special Forces Operational Detachment. … The OSS.

Who’s tougher Marines or Navy SEALs?

What is the most feared military branch?

Greatest Military Branches in the World United States Marine Corps. The United States Marines are by far the most feared fighting force in the world as a whole. … U.S. Army. … British Army. … French Foreign Legion. … U.S. Navy. … Australian Army. … U.S. Air Force. … Canadian Army.More items…

Are Green Berets higher than Navy SEALs?

There is some overlap in the kinds of missions they carry out but there are important differences between the two. The Green Berets are the special forces unit of the U.S. Army while SEALs are a unit of the Navy….Comparison chart.Green BeretsNavy SEALsSize~5,500 Active Duty, ~1,100 National Guard~2,40014 more rows

Are Army Rangers Tier 2?

Tier 2 Units Navy SEALs – U.S. Navy. Marine Raiders – U.S. Marine Corps. … Rangers – U.S. Army. Special Forces – U.S. Army.

Are all Army Rangers Airborne?

Today, all rangers hold this qualification. Basically, any soldier who undergoes training and gets assigned to the 75th Ranger Regiment can be considered an airborne ranger. It’s important to note that one can become an Army Airborne without being a ranger. You only need to complete formal training at Airborne School.


Question: Who Invented Hockey?

What country is best at hockey?

CanadaMen’s rankings2020 Rank2019 RankTeam11Canada22Russia33Finland44Sweden11 more rows.

Which country is best in the world?

Who is the God of hockey?

Major Dhyan ChandMajor Dhyan Chand (29 August 1905 – 3 December 1979) was an Indian field hockey player widely regarded as the greatest in the history of the sport.

Is hockey a game or a match?

Ice hockey, also known as “hockey”, is a team sport that is played on a specially ice rink surface. The aim of each team is to send the puck (a disk made of vulcanized rubber) and to score into the opponent’s goal. A match lasts three periods of 20 minutes each. the clock running only when the puck is in play.

How many hockey players are on the ice?

Who is president of Hockey India?

Gyanendro NigombamHockey India/Presidents

Why is hockey called hockey?

What is the most dangerous sport?

Most dangerous sports with the highest rate of injurySportRate of injuryFootball1.78%Basketball0.98%Wrestling0.90%Skateboarding0.66%6 more rows•Jan 16, 2020

What is the oldest sport?

Who is better at Ice Hockey USA or Canada?

Overall rivalry and the Olympic Games In the Winter Olympics to date, Canada has had the most golds for a host country and is currently dominating in men’s ice hockey. … In the Summer Olympics, the United States has won the medal count 17 times, compared to zero for Canada.

Who is the best ice hockey team in the world?

rankteampointspts1United StatesUSA36002CanadaCAN34503FinlandFIN33904RussiaRUS329036 more rows

How many gold medals Indian hockey team won in Olympics?

eight gold medalsIndia’s hockey team is the most successful team ever in the Olympics, having won eight gold medals.

What is the oldest ball sport in the world?

The Mesoamerican ballgame originated over three thousand years ago. The Mayan ballgame of Pitz is believed to be the first ball sport, as it was first played around 2500 BCE. There are artifacts and structures that suggest that the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early as 2000 BCE.

Who created the game of hockey?

The modern game of hockey emerged in England in the mid-18th century and is largely attributed to the growth of public schools, such as Eton. The first Hockey Association was formed in the UK in 1876 and drew up the first formal set of rules.

Which country is the father of hockey?

Hockey is similar to an ancient game played in Scotland called shinty. Hockey is often played at schools in the UK but its origins are unclear. Later came ice hockey, which developed in Canada.

Who invented hockey in India?

However, the first version of modern-day field hockey was developed by the British sometime between the late 18th and early 19th century. It was introduced as a popular school game then and made its way to the Indian army during British rule in the 1850s.

Can you fight in hockey?

Hockey is the only professional sport in which fighting is allowed. Though technically against the rules, two players fighting on the ice will only net those players five minutes in the penalty box rather than a lengthy suspension.

What country did football originate from?

Who is the father of hockey in India?

Dhyan Chand’sDhyan Chand: The hockey wizard who had the world on his stick. With three Olympic gold medals, he was the poster boy of Indian hockey for decades. Dhyan Chand’s birthday is celebrated as National Sports Day in India.

What is the oldest tree in the world?

Bristlecone pinesThe Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus Longaeva) has been deemed the oldest tree in existence, reaching an age of over 5,000 years old. The Bristlecone pines’ success in living a long life can be contributed to the harsh conditions it lives in.


434 Numerology

Astrology is an umbrella term for any number of unrelated and different theories regarding the physical universe and human life. It’s based on the belief that the Earth is controlled by a planetary system and the positions and movements of celestial bodies can give us valuable insights into human affairs. The name comes from the Greek word”astros” which means”astrological”. This isn’t a new idea, however. In actuality, it goes back to the era when astrology was used to forecast religious festivals and warriors’ journeys. Though the Babylonians were the first to write down astrology, the concept took off in India and developed into a full-blown science which remains popular today.

Astrology is an umbrella term for any number of unrelated and different theories concerning the physical world and human life. The biggest misconception people have about astrology is that it is a source of precise predictions with the use of constellations and other celestial aspects. Astrology is actually a pseudo-sciences that purports to divine much information regarding terrestrial affairs by analyzing the movement and relative positions of heavenly objects. Although astrology can’t pick out the day of your next birthday or determine your marital status (that’s the job of the planets and stars), astrology can help you find out about important dates in your life.

People who believe in astrology generally subscribe to different theories concerning the link between the movement of heavenly bodies like the stars and the planets and human behaviour. The most common theory is that our birth charts are determined by the constellations and that we experience certain changes in our character depending on the period of time during which we have our chart made. Some people believe that astrology actually works, in the exact same way that the phases of the moon affect our moods. They further argue that the basic weather conditions and general atmospheric conditions have a bearing on how we feel and behave on an everyday basis. So the basic weather conditions such as low pressure and high temperature usually influence us, and this influences our moods and behavior.

While there are some men and women who subscribe to astrology, there are also lots of folks who reject astrology as”crap”. These people usually cite scientific evidence that astrology is an ineffective means of calculating future events and results. There are also those who say astrology is nothing more than”a way of creating significance from random events”. While there may be some truth to these statements, these opinions about astrology don’t have any scientific validity. Astrological charts are simply tools for helping us predict future events, according to our current physical conditions and on our personal traits. In order to have an effective astrology reading, you need to understand how astrological charts work.

A good astrology reading should tell you something about your personal traits, your physical attributes and your character. By understanding the relationship between your physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual attributes, you’ll have the ability to obtain a deeper insight into yourself. You can then work on developing your strengths and improve areas where you have weaknesses. By understanding the influence of astrology on your everyday life, you will be able to deal with it properly. You may use astrology in improving your love life by giving your partner a personalized reading in order to discover whether he or she is compatible with you.

In the modern fast-paced life, astrology helps us to better understand the direction in which our lives are going. Most of the men and women who read astrology say that reading astrology has helped them plan better and make better choices in their life. With astrology, it is easy to find out what will happen to you in the next few days, weeks, months, years and even in your life. This is because astrology has a special way of providing accurate information, even if you can’t understand all the details that are being given to you. Most of the time, astrology can give you a clearer picture of your future depending on the information that it provides. Some folks assert that studying astrology has also let them understand when it is time to settle down and start a family.

Astrology can be used to predict your future well before it happens so you can take appropriate actions and avoid unpleasant surprises. You can plan your whole life and see how your chart is going to evolve in line with the information provided. People who have an astrology reading stated that they were able to get a glimpse into their future life. They were able to see what they would like to have for their entire life and where they would want to settle down. By knowing this, they have the ability to plan their life better and make sure that they enjoy each moment of their life.

There are a great deal of benefits of using astrology. However, people that are not aware of the techniques of astrology should consult an astrology professional so that they can understand the depth of astrology better. Astrology can benefit both the individual and the organization and by consulting an astrologer; you can make certain that your business can achieve a whole lot of success. If you wish to learn more about astrology, you can consult with an astrology expert who will provide you the perfect guidance and provide you with the insight that you seek.


Analysis: How the global outlook reflects China's BRI?
Updated 22:11, 25-Jan-2019
World Insight with Tian Wei
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been generating a lot of excitement at the annual meeting of the World Economic Conference (WEF) held in Davos, Switzerland.
Dubbed China's Trillion dollar Vision, BRI will direct investment in infrastructure across Asia over the coming decade. However, this project faces challenges in tackling debt, supporting sustainable development and uniting a fractured international community.
Proposed by China in 2013, the BRI aims to build a trade and infrastructure network connecting Asia with Europe, Africa and beyond along the ancient trade routes of the Silk Road. How can the government and private sectors harness the risks to guarantee the 1.5 trillion U.S dollars investment will succeed in kick-starting development and growth?
CGTN's Senior Correspondent Tian Wei spoke to a diverse panel, aiming to reflect the global outlook of the project. Xu Niansha, Chairman of the China Poly Group, speaks at the panel session on the BRI held as part of the WEF. He said that BRI indeed has reflected the economic development and historical development of China. And we believe that through this Initiative we are able to optimize and complement each other's resources.
Xu also shares the past and believes China has come a long way. "Actually China has gone through those kinds of experiences, so we do know what people need, and that is why I think we can really do a better job in our cooperation," said he.
According to Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan is an active member of East-West Transportation Corridor. "We definitely support BRI," he addressed.
"First, it is easy to talk about the reform and opening-up for all countries, and free trade benefits people. But in practice, free trade has winners and losers. That is why we have seen Brexit, we have seen President Trump, those people felt free trade left them behind, and so they need somebody to oppose this. But reaching there is not a given, we need a lot of hard work, we need to work together," said Heng Swee Keat, Singapore's Minister of Finance, brings about two important aspects of BRI that need to pay attention.|
"Second, global connectivity is key, today we cannot think trade investment without transport connectivity. So if we look at the BRI as a very major infrastructure project, it has its own special economic logic,'' he added.
And Wang Yongqing, Vice-Chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, concluded with detailed figures. "There are about 120 countries being involved in this Initiative and over 30 international organizations who have participated in this Initiative. Over 180 bilateral cooperation and memorandum have been signed that show recognition."


Our Three Human Approaches to Dealing with Problems

05 Mar 2019 · 11 min read

Pieces of jigsaw puzzle and global network

We all run into challenges from time to time, whether at work, at home, or in our communities.

In general, I would suggest, we have three different approaches available to us when we try to respond to such situations.

1. Soldier On

The first approach is to just keep your head down, continue doing what you've been doing, make small adjustments as needed, and trust that everything will work itself out.

This is essentially the same approach that you see in a robotic vacuum cleaner: go in a straight line until you run into something, then back up, turn a bit, and try again.

You could also think of this approach as “think locally, act locally.” It's also characterized by the injunction to “keep calm and carry on.” At its least elegant, it might be referred to as “muddling through.” You could also think of it as a “don't rock the boat” approach.

In this first approach, we tend to rely on our own experience, our own knowledge and memories, and on sensory inputs from our immediate environment, and we tend to favor actions that produce immediately discernible results. Because we are humans, the inputs we consider include words and images from those familiar to us. And because we live in the 21st century, those familiar to us include many we may never have met face-to-face, but have experienced repeatedly through various media channels.

2. Refer to an Ideal

This approach relies on having an image of what perfection looks like, a template or pattern, and then consulting that reference when facing an emerging issue.

The practice of asset allocation is an example of this approach in the investing world. You establish your desired amount of risk, periodically review your portfolio, and then sell enough stocks or bonds to get back to your desired percentages.

A mechanic repairing a car, or a technician repairing any sort of engineered product, typically uses this approach. When confronted with a malfunctioning item, you consult a product manual, drawing and/or specification to see the ideal state to which a product needs to return in order to regain its lost functionality.

3. Observe, Analyze and Predict

This approach, of course, is at the heart of the scientific method. It's generally used to confront new challenges that haven't been seen before. It consists of making detailed observations, analyzing the data, and then making predictions about what might happen under certain conditions.

All human progress depends on use of this approach.

Pros and Cons of Each

Although the first approach – Soldier On – may sound the least sophisticated, it is, in fact, the preferred approach in most cases. Humans, along with all living organisms, are here today because our predecessors discovered stuff that worked and passed it along to us, either via our DNA, or via learned behaviors. And each of us who have somehow made it to adulthood have done so by learning and repeating behaviors that worked for us. If something has been successful in the past, then that is the best predictor of it proving successful again in the future. As humans we are loath to give up on something that has worked for us before, not only because we know it has worked in the past, but because we would then have to come up with some new, untried option.

And we know how that usually works out.

The second approach – Refer to an Ideal – is more sophisticated, and is usually needed to deal with more complex situations. But it also requires a higher level of trust in some expert authority. A mechanic consulting an engineering drawing may not have any personal experience to draw upon that would tell them the right action to take, and so they must place their faith in the drawing they've been given and, in turn, the perhaps unknown people who prepared the drawings at some time in the past.

One of the final scenes in the movie Goldfinger offers a great example of this tension. Our hero, James Bond, has somehow made it through all the dangers confronting him in the first ninety minutes of the film by relying on his native wits, charm, skills and finely honed instincts. In other words, he's been using approach # 1.

But then, with only seconds left, he has to disarm an atomic bomb that is about to explode, without setting it off. Which wire should he cut? Or is there something else he should do? He looks about in confusion. Nothing he has done before has prepared him for this. Instincts fail him. He's running out of time.

And then an actual expert on the scene reaches into the frame and flips a simple switch, immediately stopping the countdown timer. An expert, presumably, who had at some point been able to consult some drawings showing how the thing works.

When we have an emergency with no other options available to us then we're all happy to consult an expert. But it's not our first choice. And we usually have about as much respect for experts as Bond displays in his earlier meeting with Q, the head of the weapons research and development department. We tend to regard experts as theoretical types who are ill equipped to deal with real life outside of the laboratory.

The third approach – Observe, Analyze and Predict – is the most sophisticated, but also involves the most risk. This is why peer review is such an important part of the scientific method. Until a new solution has proven itself multiple times then it is inherently risky. Most of us are happy to board an airplane these days, understanding that human flight is something that has now been happening routinely every day for decades. But it was a different story for Orville and Wilbur Wright back at the dawn of the 20th century, when they were first trying to build a craft they could successfully pilot through the air. They were rightly skeptical of most of the unproven “truths” being circulated by self-professed experts, and reports of their success were rightfully greeted with much initial skepticism.

Societal Implications

The issue of measles vaccinations that has recently been in the news is a good example of how these three approaches can play out in our society, for better or for worse.

The whole idea of vaccination to prevent diseases like measles is a great example of the use of approach # 3. This was a practice based on observation, analysis and prediction. And it became a widespread practice over time because it was shown to work, virtually wiping out the appearance of many diseases in modern societies.

On the other hand, even today, there is nothing instinctive about taking your child to a doctor to get his or her vaccinations. Your child wasn't sick before the vaccination, and they weren't visibly improved after the vaccination. You don't see anyone around you getting sick from these alleged health threats. And why should you trust these supposed experts, whose recommendations seem to change every few years anyway? And what about real childhood problems, such as autism, that these experts don't seem to know how to control? Couldn't these vaccinations be causing that problem? And in the face of this confusion, isn't just muddling through the best approach? After all, if your child does get ill, they can always be given antibiotics, can't they?

And so we see how these various factors can play out in society when applying each of these three problem-solving approaches.

Application to Politics

When it comes to choosing our political leaders, I would submit that we are heavily influenced by the factors discussed above regarding our three possible approaches to problems.

Our first tendency is to Soldier On – one reason why incumbents have historically had such a large political advantage.

But our two-party system in the United States is also an example of use of this first approach. If things are going well, we vote for the party in office. If things aren't going so well, then we vote for someone from the other party. And if they don't work out in the next few years – why then, we throw them out and vote for someone new. And so, this sort of democratic process fits neatly into the first approach: keep going in a straight line until you hit a rough patch, then make a small adjustment, and proceed onwards. In many ways, this sort of democracy – two major political parties, frequent elections, term limits – is almost the definition of approach # 1.

But then there is also approach # 2: Refer to an Ideal. And most of us tend to have some sort of political ideal to fall back on. Maybe it's free market capitalism. Perhaps it's the Christian Bible. Or it could be the Constitution. How about democratic socialism? Or American exceptionalism? Or the Civil Rights movement of the sixties? No matter which you choose, you will find a reassuring template for success, and will be relieved to hear that all of our current problems are being caused by deviation from that ideal. And how comforting this belief can be.

In the US, we've traditionally relied on the states to serve as our laboratories for approach # 3: Observe, Analyze and Predict. Let a state try it out. If it works out well, then other states will adopt it. And if enough of our fifty states can replicate the initial success, then perhaps we will adopt the solution nationally. Marijuana legalization seems to be going through this process in 2019, as this piece is being written.

Implications for Sustainability and Global Warming

And so, finally, let us consider the novel human challenges of sustainability in general, and global warming in particular. A hundred years ago few humans saw these as problems. And even today many of us can go through most days without suffering any immediate negative consequences from these issues. And so, quite naturally, our first instinct is to muddle through, to leave well enough alone, to make small adjustments and then go about our normal business. Everything will be alright because – well, it always has in the past, hasn't it?

And then, of course, there's our lack of trust in the experts. I mean, they can't even all agree with each other, can they? So why should we listen to them? And even if we believed them, none of them has actually dealt with these problems before, so there's no ready, proven ideal to reference. So approach # 2 is not feasible.

And then there's the problem of how to effect positive change. By their very nature, sustainability and climate change are global problems, which means that they will demand global solutions. And so these will inevitably require political solutions. But how can we prove the effectiveness of any particular solution? Because there is no way to replicate our entire set of global systems – climatic, environmental, political, legal, economic, cultural – in a laboratory. And so we not only have to use approach # 3, and place our trust in experts, and reach agreement on this through our political systems, but we have to allow these experts to use our entire world – our entire planet! – as their lab.

Viewing the situation in this way, I think, gives us some idea of the sorts of resistance we will need to overcome to deal with these new global problems successfully.

  1. We first have to convince people that this is a novel problem, and that simply continuing to do what we've done in the past is not likely to work. We have to help people understand that our current and projected future human population sizes, in combination with the per capita rates of resource depletion and environmental degradation needed to care for so many of us, are simply not sustainable. We can't just keep keeping on. We've got to try something new, even though there is accompanying risk, because the risk of not doing anything is far greater.
  2. We need to reference as many compelling templates as we can. American involvement in WW II. The race to land a man on the moon. The original New Deal. If we are to successfully confront the sustainability challenges facing us, then we will need to call upon the political will, the technological focus, the global connections, and the sweeping scope of governmental action displayed in such prior situations.
  3. We need to structure our path forward around a series of experiments, including policy experiments. We have to quickly try a number of different things, learn from our mistakes, adjust our plans, and then continue on. We can't convince anyone today that we have all the answers. But if we proceed with reasonable transparency, acknowledging our shortfalls, then we humans might just find a successful way forward for our species.
  4. We need to prioritize and focus relentlessly. We can't effectively convince anyone that global sustainability deserves this sort of action if we treat it as one issue among a number of peers. This has to become our sole top priority. Numero Uno.


Compute Free SHA-512 Hash Online

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SHA-512 belongs to the SHA-2 group algorithm and a progressed form of SHA-1 Hash. Since, SHA-2 is widely used in security applications of progressing countries like the USA, UK, and other countries, it has security protocols like SSL, TLS, PGP, S/MIME, SSH, and IPsec. Here, you can have a basic knowledge about what truly occurs at the time of the implementation of SHA-512 hashing algorithm. SHA-512 is a very close advancement to the SHA-256 hashing algorithm that performs an advanced hashing function on some increased bytes of input data.

Why SHA-512 Hashing algorithms are used?

Unlike other Hashing algorithms, SHA-512 is used in many cases like digital certificates, internet security, bitcoin, and blockchains, etc. SHA-512 plays a crucial role in the digital security control and cryptography system, with some simple calculations.

Basic features of SHA-512 Hashing Functions

Unlike other hashing functions, SHA-512 takes some input data and produces an output of fixed length as per input data. This output data could be named as hash digest and it needs to satisfy some specific conditions.

Uniform allocation of data with the fixed-length output

Since the length of the SHA-512 output hash function output is of a fixed span and the input size may change, it is obvious that there are some output values that can be gained for various input data. The output values are recommended to be fixed length. So, for instance, an SHA - 512 hashing function could provide an output size of 512 bit and output can vary as per bit size hash function.

Collision resistance

Simply speaking, this means that there aren’t any or rather it is not feasible to find two distinct inputs to the hash function that result in the same output (hash digest). What are the Stages of the SHA-512 Hashing Algorithm? SHA-512 performs its function in the following stages.

1. Input format:

SHA-512 has some limitations in taking any size of the input message. The complete formatted message has mainly 3 parts: the original message, size of the original message and padding bits. The message needs to be multiple of 1024 bits and each block needs to be of 1024 bits.

Padding bits

The input message is accepted and some padding bits are added to it for the purpose of fitting to the desired length. The bits for padding are simply come as ‘0’ bits with an initial ‘1’ (100000…000).

Size of Original Message with padding

The total size of the original message needs to be multiples of 128 bits i.e. 1024 bits and hence, there is a definite limitation range of input message size.

2. Hash buffer:

The SHA-512 algorithm functions in a way where it acts on every block of 1024 bits from the original message throughout the result from the preceding block. Now, this creates a problem for the 1st 1024 bit block which is unable to use the result obtained from any preceding function. However, this issue can be resolved through a default value to be utilized for the first block to start off the function.

3. Message Processing Rounds:

Message processing depends upon the formatted input block of 1024 bits at once and every 64 bits out of them will be processed as ‘Message sequencer’. The message processing occurs with numbers of rounds and each round takes 3 things such as a Word, the output of the preceding round, and an SHA-512 constant. As 1st round doesn’t come with a previous Round and thus it utilizes the final output from the preceding message dispensation phase in a preceding block of 1024 bits. SHA-512 constants are predestined values that are used for each Round in the message dispensation phase.

4. Output:

After each block of 1024 bits proceeds through the message dispensation phase the final 512 bit Hash value could be obtained. Hope the readers must have better knowledge on SHA-512 integration.


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Disability Living Allowance: Disability Benefits for ADHD Children

Disability Living Allowance: Disability Benefits for ADHD ChildrenThere is a growing financial concept, internationally, among families who care for a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Known as Disability Living Allowance (DLA), families of children with ADHD, outside of the United States, are qualifying for this financial disability allowance to aid in the care of their family, specifically the child who is affected.

For children who suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), symptoms of inattention and impulsivity often compound the effects of hyperactivity. The end result is a child who may make poor decisions, damaging property or causing bodily harm to others.

For parents, the key to overcoming their child’s complications associated with ADHD lies in the early detection and treatment of the condition, including the use of prescription medications and psychotherapy. In addition to these resources, parents must also focus on finding other activities in which to engage the ADHD so as to improve self esteem, self confidence and distract from unruly behavior.

The costs associated with caring for an ADHD child adequately can be overwhelming. Internationally, families are applying for, and using, a financial welfare type of program known as the Disability Living Allowance. Designed to provide a financial allowance to families as a way to promote added supervision, acquire medications and therapy, promote social skill programs and even repair or replace the items or bodily harm damage, the Disability Living Allowance has been quite effective at assisting families with the ability to capture some control over the complication in their child.

In the United States, millions of adults and children are uninsured. In addition, to the uninsured, we have millions of individuals who suffer from untreated mental health disorders who, unfortunately, move into adulthood often unable to hold gainful employment, establish solid social networks and may even become involved in illegal activities. With the ability to obtain disability benefits for treating a confirmed case of ADHD, many clinicians agree we may be able to decrease the long term ramifications of ADHD in the United States.

Very few families in the United States apply for disability benefits for their children and even fewer apply for those benefits when a child is diagnosed with ADHD. Because of the time consuming nature of the paperwork involved with disability, coupled with the increasingly common denial of benefits initially, many families opt to find other options for managing their child’s ADHD, often relying upon extended family members for added supervision.

As one of the most widely studied childhood disorders, ADHD continues to be a leading concern among educators, healthcare professionals and parents. Creating a platform on which families can apply for specific ADHD benefits, termed Disability Living Allowance, as a society we may be able to provide a specific service to these families and improve the overall long term outcomes in violence, social networks and employment.


Green LivingHealthLifestyle

10 Healthy Lifestyle Tips for Adults

What is lifestyle?

Lifestyle is the interests, opinions, behaviours, and behavioural orientations of an individual, group, or culture. There are a few types of lifestyle such as college lifestyle, a vegan lifestyle, a minimalist lifestyle, green lifestyle, Christian lifestyle, post-grad lifestyle etc. But we want to focus our attention to a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle is one which helps to keep and improve people’s health and well-being, by being careful of the weight, blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol which usually leads to a longer life.

In order to be healthy one has to include physical activities, weight management, stress management and, of course, a healthy diet in the normal routine. Here you have 10 healthy lifestyle tips for adults:

1. Eat a variety of foods

For good health, we need more than 40 different nutrients, and no single food can supply them all. It is not about a single meal, it is about a balanced food choice over time that will make a difference! Eating a healthy diet is not about strict limitations, staying unrealistically thin, or depriving yourself of the foods you love. Rather, it’s about feeling great, having more energy, improving your health, and boosting your mood.

a) Whole grain foods (at most meals)

b) Plant oils (olive, canola, soy, corn, sunflower, peanut and other vegetable oils)

c) Vegetables (in abundance)

d) Fruits (2-3 times a day)

e) Nuts, legumes (1-3 times a day)

f)  Fish, poultry, eggs (0-2 times a day)

g) Dairy or calcium supplement (1-2 times a day)

h) Red meat, white rice, white bread, white pasta, potato, soda and sweets (use sparingly)

2. Reduce salt and sugar intake

A high salt intake can result in high blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. There are different ways to reduce salt in the diet:

·  Choose products with lower sodium content.

·  When cooking, salt can be substituted with spices, increasing the variety of flavours and tastes.

·  When eating, it helps not to have salt at the table, or at least not to add salt before tasting.

3. Eat regularly, control the portion size

Skipping meals, especially breakfast, can lead to out-of-control hunger, often resulting in helpless overeating. Snacking between meals can help control hunger, but snacking should not replace proper meals. For snacks, we could choose yoghurt, a handful of fresh or dried fruits or vegetables (like carrot sticks), unsalted nuts, or perhaps some bread with cheese. Paying attention to portion size will help us not to consume too much calories and will allow us to eat all the foods we enjoy, without having to eliminate any.

4. Drink plenty of fluids

Adults need to drink at least 1.5 litres of fluid a day! Or more if it’s very hot or they are physically active. Water is the best source, of course, and we can use tap or mineral water, sparkling or non-sparkling, plain or flavoured. Fruit juices, tea, soft drinks, milk and other drinks, can all be okay – from time to time.

5. Getting Regular and Adequate Amounts of Sleep

Getting a regular and adequate amount of sleep is first on our list as it is often downplayed in importance relative to diet and exercise. The relationship between sleep and life expectancy has been demonstrated in many studies, but what surprises some people is that the relationship is a U-shaped curve. In other words, both too little and too much sleep raise mortality (the risk of death)

6. Engaging in Regular Physical Activity

Thirty minutes a day of regular physical activity contributes to health by reducing heart rate, decreasing the risk for cardiovascular disease, and reducing the amount of bone loss that is associated with age and osteoporosis. At the current time, lack of exercise is thought to contribute to 9% of breast cancers and 10% of colon cancers in Europe. Physical activity is important for people of all weight ranges and health conditions. It helps us burn off the extra calories, it is good for the heart and circulatory system, it maintains or increases our muscle mass, it helps us focus, and improves overall health well-being. Some tips:

–   Use the stairs instead of the elevator

–   Go for a walk during luch breaks

–   Make time for a family weekend activity

7. Healthy body weight

Healthy body weight, defined as a normal body mass index (BMI) is between 18.5 and 24.9. Being affected by obesity and overweight increases the risks of a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, heart diseases, and cancer.

8. Smoking

Well, there is no healthy amount of smoking. “Healthy” here meant never having smoked. But if you do smoke and cannot let go of this bad habit, try to reduce the number of cigarettes as much as possible.

9. Moderate alcohol intake

10.  Surround yourself with positive energy

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Forensic Photography (Nick Marsh) - скачать книгу , читать онлайн

2 Фев 2013
Forensic Photography

Автор: Nick Marsh

Короткое описание книги

Forensic photography plays a vitally important part in the investigation of crime and the subsequent administration of justice.

Written by a practitioner with many years professional experience, this book provides an overview of the most common forensic photography techniques in use today for those readers who may not have a detailed understanding of camera techniques and who need to get to grips with the use of light and other key scientific aspects of the job.

It covers image capture issues, file handling and relevant equipment, such as lasers and UV lights, and explores how they work.

The predominance of the digital camera has resulted in an increasing trend for police forces across the world to use untrained camera users, rather than expert photographers.

Therefore, this book will prove invaluable for those practitioners who need to produce accurate and clear photographic evidence, above and beyond the point and shoot mode on their cameras.

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Book Review

by Barbara Carey

 “ Scrublands - A Novel ”

The story is set in Australia and the author, Chris Hammer, is an Australian journalist, and now a novelist.

During the Millennium drought he travelled extensively through the Australian Outback and in the area of the Murray-Murrumbidgee rivers - which is in the lower south eastern part of Australia. After this trip he wrote two non fiction novels, and then this one which is total fiction. But it is a story that could have happened.

Let me first give you a short explanation of the title, Scrublands: Scrub is a poor quality timber forest - found growing on rocky, sandy, infertile lands. A buyer looking for property might find a farm description saying it has a lot of scrub country or scrub land or simply scrub. Such property is suitable only for grazing a few cattle that remain skinny,  that get rounded up (collected together) once a year and then taken to more fertile pastures to be fattened up. People don’t usually live on such land but they might have a shack where they can stay overnight.

The author’s description of the heat, dust, air and the little town is very accurate - in fact it took me back to my childhood. Most of the Australian population lives within a 300 km fringe bordering the country’s shores and have had little contact with what is known as the Australian Outback.

The story starts off with the local priest standing on the church steps and shooting 5 local men for what appears to have been no reason at all. One year later the editor of a popular newspaper sends a traumatized journalist to write about how the town has coped with the aftermath of the shooting. The journalist is himself suffering post-war syndrome as, during his escape from a war zone in Afghanistan,

he had been  locked in the boot of a car where his driver had hidden him for  2 days and 2 nights. On his arrival in the town the journalist starts interviewing the locals, and soon becomes involved in their lives and realizes there are many questions that have remained unanswered and many secrets left untold. It is not the open and shut case it appears to be. Other city reporters pick up on “our man’s” reports and flock to the town, pushing him aside and calling him a “has been”. However he has become obsessed with seeking the truth and risks his career to find it.

The story is well written, the descriptions excellent and the plot, and the plots within plots, very intriguing. And you, the reader, will soon find yourself in the reporter’s shoes asking why, why,why.

And at the end all is revealed.


When the axe is resting in its final place it will be scored.

The points from the axe will be determined by where the scoring area of the axe head meets the surface of the wood that the axe head is embedded into.

The black line awards points associated with the ring.
6 points for the bullseye.
4 points for the 2nd ring.
3 points for the 3rd ring.
2 points for the 4th ring.
1 point for the 5th ring.
8 points for the Killshot.

The Killshot is active for the 5th and 10th throw of the match only. Otherwise it will be treated as if the Killshot is not there.

Before throwing for the Killshot, the player must make clear they intend on throwing for the Killshot. This is referred to as “calling the Killshot” and activates it for the full 8 points. The player cannot change their call.

The Thrower with the higher points must decide to call first. In the case of the tie, either thrower may volunteer to call first.

If not Killshot is called, then the match continues as normal as if the killshot is not there.

If the Killshot is called but the players axe does not hit the Killshot, then no points are awarded.

In the event of a tie after 10 throws in a single match, the match enters into sudden death.

ONLY Killshots are allowed during all sudden death throws.

Players may not score on the same killshot twice in a row. Players must alternate Killshots.

In the event that both players miss the Killshot during Sudden Death, the player with the shortest distance to the Killshot will be awarded the match.

If Player 1 has an axe that has dropped and Player 2 misses the Killshot, but is on the board, Player 2 will be awarded the match.

Points are not counted or tallied during sudden death.


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Hodgeman County

2020 Kansas 4-H Scholarship Application - Due to Hg Co Extension Jan. 22, 2020

Please read instructions carefully for what should be included with your application. Please give adequate time for letters of recommendation, transcripts etc.

2019 Hodgeman County 4-H Foundation Scholarship Application- Due May 1, 2020


10 Most Valuable College Football Teams

Playing football is something many kids throughout America do, although just a few of them choose to dedicate their lives to the sport and get chosen to play in these 10 most valuable college football teams.

Regularly, kids start early and they get better and better with practice, often times playing in school teams. College scouts are always looking for new talent, trying to pick out the best of the best and lure them to their own teams, offering them scholarships. With so many kids dreaming of a free ride to the best colleges via one of these scholarships, it’s no wonder so many decide to pick up sports, trying to be the best at what they do. Alternatively, kids should also try out for these 15 Summer Programs for High School Students with Scholarships.

10 Most Valuable College Football Teams

Since American football has no minor league farm organization, college football is generally seen as the second tier of the sport. It’s actually extremely popular and many of the athletes that end up going pro, are picked up for the big league straight from these college teams. Regularly, the NFL holds its annual draft during spring, when 256 players are selected every year. The best of the best end up getting offered huge contracts.

For our list today we checked out Forbes‘ analysis on the value of the top college football teams across the United States. The values were reached by combining money generated from university value, revenue and expense data from annual financial reports, and the value to the local economy given by economic impact studies.

Without further ado, here are the 10 most valuable college football teams.


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It goes without saying a slow internet connection can be quite frustrating, to say the least. This can be an even bigger problem if you do not know why you have a slow internet connection in the first place. If your streams suddenly start stuttering or web pages are taking longer to load, then you might be dealing with low bandwidth. If you wish to do away with this problem for good, you will need to learn how to increase bandwidth. To learn more, read on.

How to Increase Bandwidth

If you wish to learn how to increase bandwidth, there are several factors you will need to take into consideration. Pay close attention to each of the said factors, and you will be able to solve your problem for good!

What is Bandwidth?

To fix your insufficient bandwidth problem, you will need to understand what bandwidth is, and how it affects your internet connection. In computing terms, bandwidth is used to refer to the amount of data that can be uploaded or downloaded on your computer in a specific amount of time. Bandwidth is measured in bps (bit per second).

Your bandwidth is determined by your ISP, your router, and your device. Also, if your ISP has promised you 20 Mbps, that does not always mean you will get just that. If you have multiple devices, you may not get full bandwidth.

It is worth noting bandwidth is like a highway with two lanes where all traffic travels at the same speed. As long as there is not too much traffic, speeds will remain unaffected. However, if the same highway were to get crowded, it would slow down traffic. To solve this problem, more lanes would be required.

How do I check Bandwidth?

How can you tell if your bandwidth is too low? You can check by running a speed test. You can then compare the results with the bandwidth advertised by your ISP.

If you have one device connected to the internet, and you are not downloading or uploading anything, then the results will be close to what was promised to you by your ISP. But if you have several devices, and you share and stream a lot of content, then you will need more bandwidth.

How to Increase Bandwidth with Router?

The bandwidth you end up with depends on your router as well. Believe it or not, the device that sends wireless signals for your other devices to connect to the internet needs attention too. Once set up, routers are mostly forgotten. It is time you take a closer look at your router to learn how to increase bandwidth.

Change your Router’s Location

If your router is not placed in an open space with minimal obstructions and interference, you should change its location immediately. Other wireless devices like cordless phones or baby monitors may affect your router’s signals. Additionally, walls and doors interrupt your router’s signals too.

Reboot your Router

There is a possibility that rebooting your router will solve your problem. There are times when your router may be overworked or tired. As absurd as that may seem, it is entirely possible. For this reason, reboot your router every now and then, or enable automatic reboot so that you do not have to reboot your router manually every time.

Try a Dual-Bandwidth Router

If you have too many routers, it can cause Wi-Fi channels to become overcrowded. You can’t blame your neighbor if their router causes bandwidth lagging. Fortunately, you can solve this problem by getting a dual-bandwidth router.

A dual-bandwidth router offers two frequencies i.e., 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz. Some routers let you use one frequency at a time, while others let you use both simultaneously. When a wireless channel is jammed, you can switch to a different frequency.

Update your Router’s Firmware

Your router has its own software, referred to as firmware. Just like any other software, the software on your router needs to be updated as well for improved performance.

How to get more Bandwidth from your ISP

If you want to learn how to increase your bandwidth, sometimes you need not look further than your ISP. Your ISP could be the root of your problem, and it is not unusual for ISPs to resort to such tactics. ISPs all around the globe resort to bandwidth throttling. If you think your ISP is causing low bandwidth, then here is what you need to do:

Contact your ISP

Sometimes all you need to do is to contact your ISP. Let them know your problem, and they should solve your problem for you.

Upgrade your Internet Plan

Perhaps it is time you need to upgrade your internet plan. With time, your usage may increase, and that demands higher bandwidth.

How to Increase your Wi-Fi Bandwidth

Your bandwidth can severely affect your Wi-Fi signals. To learn how to increase bandwidth by enhancing your Wi-Fi signals, here is what you need to do:

Get an iPlate

You can accelerate your broadband speed by a staggering 60% by using a BT iPlate. It is attached to the socket of your phone, reducing interference with your Wi-Fi network. It is an affordable option, but there is no guarantee it will work for certain.

Use a Wireless Repeater

You can enhance your Wi-Fi network by using a wireless repeater. With it, you can increase your network’s wireless range with ease, but it is not an affordable option.

Quick Tips on how to Increase your Bandwidth

You have a general idea regarding how to increase bandwidth, but there are a few other things you can do to assist you in the matter further.

Use a VPN

Using a VPN offers a ton of benefits. For starters, it can help you overcome ISP throttling. Most importantly, you will be able to stay safe, secure, and anonymous online.

Try a Wired Connection

It is a known fact that wired connections offer better speeds when compared to wireless ones. If you are planning on sticking to a wireless connection, think again. If your problem still persists, then your ISP is throttling your bandwidth, in which case you should definitely use a VPN.

Change your Browser

Browsers receive updates regularly, which is why you should keep them up-to-date for the best possible experience. If your browser is not up-to-date, you will face bandwidth issues. If you are still experiencing low bandwidth, then you should switch to another browser.

Turn Off Background Applications

You may not be aware, but there plenty of background applications that could be taking a toll on your bandwidth. You will need to look for such applications and change their settings accordingly. To find out which applications are running in the background, press CTRL + ALT + DELETE to access the Task Manager.

Try Using a Different Device with the same Bandwidth

It is entirely possible that there is something wrong with your device, which is why you need to check your internet connection with another device to be sure.

If the speeds are the same, then the problem lies elsewhere. But if the problem does not arise on the other device, then you will need to scan the device which suffers from low bandwidth. Scan the said device using a reliable antivirus program, and you should be able to get rid of whatever is causing the problem in no time.

What is Bandwidth Throttling?

As mentioned earlier, ISPs tend to throttle bandwidth, and the reasons for doing so can very. But one thing is for certain, users are restricted from enjoying a seamless online experience. Fortunately, there is a permanent solution to this problem, and it involves using a VPN.

When you are connected to a VPN server, your original IP address is masked with a new one. This allows you to become anonymous, meaning hackers, cybercriminals, and third parties will not be able to access your internet traffic, let alone your private and confidential information. What is interesting is this applies to your ISP as well, as they will not be able to track or monitor you.

Mainly, you will be off the grid when connected to a VPN server. Because of this, your ISP will not be able to impose bandwidth throttling, thus allowing you to browse and stream without restrictions and limitations of any kind.

Note: You can always increase your server speed when using a VPN. Here is how!

All in all, you have everything you need in regards to how to increase bandwidth. You have answers to questions and problems like:

  • “Can a router increase internet speed?”
  • “How to increase internet speed?”
  • “I have high internet speed but slow buffering.”
  • “How to increase Wi-Fi speed in a laptop?”

Make the most of the information provided above, and you will see a tremendous increase in bandwidth. Also, make it a point to use a VPN at all times. Avoid using any VPN you come across and instead stick to known and reliable VPN providers, like Ivacy VPN.

With Ivacy VPN you will finally get access to all content online, and you will not have to worry about bandwidth limitations of any kind either. Moreover, you will get impenetrable security and anonymity, so you will not have to worry about being hacked or compromised ever again!

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We landed on the moon. Our planet is older than 6,000 years. Climates change. Hollow-Earthers and Flat-Earthers are lunatics — but I love to see them keep trying to prove their point. As for the Fermi Paradox. Are we alone in the Universe? That depends on how you define ‘alone’. Or ‘life’ for that matter.

Mr. Allen is a professional science-fiction novelist and screenwriter. He is in a life-long pursuit to be a snappy conversationalist even with an aging mind prone to l’esprit d’escalier.


Rhyane and Grace | Pre Wedding Film

Rhyane and Grace proved that they can reach the top of any mountain as long as they're together. Strong wind, the heat of the sun, a shower of rain, and a rainbow just made their prenup more exciting. Wait and see their story bound to unfold soon.

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©2016 by Tsiboy Mallari Event Filmmaker. Pinoy Video Maker


Department of Sociology

Guidelines for Writing a Letter of Intent/Statement of Purpose

Guidelines for writing a letter of intent / statement of purpose:

We ask for a letter of intent in order to know about your interests in sociology and our program, along with your qualifications and readiness for a graduate study in sociology. You can use the questions below as the guidelines to write your letter of intent:

* Your letter must not exceed 1000 words and must be written in Times New Roman 12p font with 1.5 line spacing

What is your general area of interest and the topic that you want to study in our graduate program? What is the broader sociological relevance of this topic?

What is your personal and educational background that led you towards this topic that you want to pursue in your graduate studies?

Why are you interested in our graduate program? Why do you think our program would fit your research interests?

* Please do not ask the faculty members for help in writing your letter of intent


How and Why to Stay in Control of Your Cholesterol Levels

Noel C. Battle, MD
April 13, 2021

Despite our society’s focus on healthy eating and a vague general understanding that we should all be striving to “lower our cholesterol,” a lot of people don’t really understand what cholesterol is and how it affects the body.

And that’s a problem — in part because there are no visible symptoms of high cholesterol, but more importantly because high cholesterol, if left untreated, can contribute to heart disease and stroke (cerebrovascular accident), two of the leading causes of death in the United States. And this problem can be classified as an epidemic — more than 35 percent of American adults have levels of cholesterol that are clinically considered too high.

Fortunately, with a bit of knowledge, it’s easy to make proactive choices and sensible lifestyle decisions that will keep you healthy and in control of your cholesterol levels.

What Is High Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a waxy substance that everyone’s liver produces naturally. Despite being necessary for many bodily processes, it can’t travel through the bloodstream alone. It has to be carried by a particle known as a lipoprotein. There are two lipoproteins produced by the liver: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

The function of LDL is to deliver cholesterol to the cells. In contrast, HDL helps to sweep away excess LDL cholesterol, returning it to the liver to be discarded.

If your body has too much LDL cholesterol, it will build up on the walls of your arteries, raising your risk for heart attack and blood clots, which may lead to a stroke.

What Causes High Cholesterol?

Your body can build up high levels of LDL cholesterol in a variety of ways. Diet is a major factor, as are genetics.

Some people’s bodies naturally produce higher levels of LDL cholesterol, or may have a harder time removing LDL cholesterol from their bloodstream.

Diet is the most influential cause of high cholesterol that we can control. Eating foods high in saturated and trans fats will cause elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. In general, the American Heart Association recommends keeping saturated fats as a small percentage of your daily food intake — as little as six percent if you’re trying to lower your cholesterol levels.

Other lifestyle factors, including exercise and smoking, also impact your cholesterol levels. Exercising helps your body produce HDL cholesterol, which can lower your cholesterol levels by taking LDL cholesterol out of the body.

Researchers believe that smoking inhibits our body’s production of HDL (good) cholesterol, but more importantly, it also damages blood vessels and arteries that are already vulnerable to LDL cholesterol buildup.

How Can I Prevent High Cholesterol?

There are many ways to lower your levels of LDL cholesterol and prevent it from building up in your arteries. Since there are no visible symptoms of high cholesterol, it’s easy to go through life not even knowing that you’re at risk. If you have a family history of heart disease, are overweight, or have other risk factors like diabetes, you should be getting your cholesterol checked at least every five years by your primary care provider.

Once your healthcare provider has a full picture of your cholesterol (also called a lipid panel or lipid profile), they can recommend effective treatments and specific screening intervals. Here are some of the most common treatment options for high cholesterol.

By limiting high-cholesterol foods, you can cut down on the amount of unhealthy LDL cholesterol in your body. You should avoid the saturated fats and high sodium found in commercially packaged food products. If you have high cholesterol, your diet should include lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats like avocado and olive oil. Processed meats, fried foods, and sweets should be avoided, as they tend to have high levels of trans fats, salt, and/or sugar.

Getting plenty of exercise can help lower high levels of cholesterol. Healthcare providers usually recommend getting at least 30 minutes of exercise five times a week.

Preventive Care

Preventive care is key to ensuring that your cholesterol levels remain under control. Your primary care physician will monitor your risk factors and regularly order screenings if you’re at risk. They can also recommend foods to avoid and guide you through lifestyle changes that will improve your heart health.

Looking for a new primary care physician? Download the Carbon Health app today, or visit our website to learn more.

Noel C. Battle, MD

Noel C. Battle, MD, is a physician specializing in family medicine. He has been practicing since 2002, caring for patients of all ages, after receiving his medical degree from The Ohio State University College of Medicine and completing his family medicine residency at University of Illinois Chicago-Illinois Masonic. He enjoys every aspect of family medicine, especially chronic disease management. He s passionate about the intersection of technology, comprehensive healthcare, evidence-based medicine, and quality. Dr. Battle believes in fostering a great relationship with his patients, their loved ones, his staff, and his colleagues.

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Puzzles in Pop Culture: The Challenge: Total Madness

totalmad head

[Image courtesy of The Nikki Sin.]

Challenge 35

[Image courtesy of TV Guide.]

As you might expect, puzzles have worked their way into The Challenge from time to time. Memory games, riddles, anagrams, sliding tile puzzles, and variations on the Tower of Hanoi puzzle have all appeared in past seasons.

The most recent iteration of the show, The Challenge: Total Madness, pits the players against each other in the hopes of making it to the finals and winning a big cash prize.

In last week’s episode, the players arrived at a quarry, where a puzzly surprise awaited them: Decode and Detonate.

The players each had a sign bearing a sequence of symbols. Their job was to decode the sequence and display the correct decryption below the sign, using letter and number cards found in a box below the sign.

But in order to decode the sign, they would have to acquire the key to the puzzle.

Well, keys.

Yes, the key indicating which symbols represented which letters / numbers was split between two boards a fair distance apart. With two puzzle keys to run to — and each key only bearing some of the symbols on your sign — you’re going to have to run to both puzzle keys at some point. And that doesn’t include any running back to your sign you have to do in order to decode the letters you can remember.

Once you’ve decoded your sign (and it’s been confirmed as correct by the judges), you have to run to a detonator and push down the plunger, blowing up one of the two trucks perched on the bluff high above. Out of 26 competitors, only 2 can push a detonator and win the game.

The players, as you might expect, had different strategies going into today’s challenge.

Swaggy C, a rookie, bragged about relying on his photographic memory. CT, a veteran, immediately created a memorization tool for himself, associating each character with an image or something familiar so he could better remember it.

Jordan hoped to remember four or five symbols on his first run, figuring he could make up time because of his endurance. Fessy, meanwhile, kept it simpler, hoping to remember three symbols, because he thought trying to remember too many would cause him to jumble them up and get confused.

Wes opted to group the symbols in sets of four, hoping to keep each smaller bundle of characters in his brain more efficiently, and then make up time during the runs between stations.

After a fair amount of running, Swaggy C and CT were neck and neck. Swaggy C was the first to call for a check — asking the judges to confirm his solution — but it was incorrect. So much for that photographic memory of his.

CT called for a check and was correct, becoming the first competitor to run to one of the detonators and blow up a truck, earning him the win and power going forward in the game.

When the truck exploded, all of the competitors, no matter how far away, now knew that someone had completed the puzzle. Only one spot left.

You might think people would pair up to divide and conquer, hitting both puzzle keys at once and reconvening to see how many letters they could cobble together as a team.

No one opted to pair up. But one player DID consult another player’s work.

Bayleigh took advantage of the fact that everyone was using the same code language. One of the other competitors, Jenny, had the same C-shaped coded letter Bayleigh had on her sign, and had placed a decoded letter beneath it. Bayleigh took a chance that Jenny was right about the decryption, and used the information to complete her sign’s coded sequence.

When she asked for a check, it was correct. TRICKY. Not exactly in the spirit of the challenge, but effective nonetheless.

Bayleigh then sprinted to the second detonator and blew up the second truck, joining CT in victory and bringing the day’s challenge to a close.

One of the cleverest things about the way The Challenge uses puzzles is that they incorporate physical obstacles as well.

For instance, solving a puzzle on a hot day, and making the players run all over. As you get tired, you’re not in peak puzzle-solving condition, and it makes memorization and recall harder. Even if you have a (supposedly) photographic memory under normal circumstances, stressing the body always makes mental tasks more taxing.

To Solve This Murder Mystery, You Need to Break the Game

[Image courtesy of Game Informer.]

Our readership isn’t a predominantly video game-savvy audience. We have lots of app users and lots of pencil-and-paper solvers in the PuzzleNation membership, but fewer gamers.

So you may wonder why I periodically write about video games when it’s a niche interest for the majority of our readers. That’s an entirely fair question.

As a puzzle enthusiast, I’m constantly seeking out new ways to build puzzles and solve them. Brain teasers, word problems, riddles, and mechanical puzzles all fit under the umbrella of “puzzles,” but they’re all very different solving experiences. Similarly, there’s a huge difference between a pencil-and-paper puzzle and an escape room, a murder mystery and a scavenger hunt, an encrypted message and a puzzle box.

But they’re all puzzles. And that’s what I find so fascinating. There are endless ways to challenge ourselves in puzzly fashion, and video games are constantly innovating when it comes to puzzle-solving.

[Image courtesy of Zelda Dungeons.]

Whether we’re talking about navigating past guards with well-placed arrow shots in the Thief games, navigating the labyrinth of the Water Temple in The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, or maneuvering around a room in mind-bending ways with your portal gun in Portal, video games can take 2D puzzle ideas and bring them into the third dimension in amazing ways.

A friend recently told me about a game called Iris Fall, where you actually manipulate light and shadows in order to solve puzzles. That’s not just ingenious, it’s beautiful as well.

There are even games that let you change the rules of the puzzle itself in order to solve it.

[Image courtesy of Born Frustrated Studio.]

And another game in that vein recently came to market, a detective game called File://maniac.

In this murder mystery, you’re tasked with tracking down a devious murderer who happily taunts you with messages as you pursue them. But instead of pursuing leads and accomplishing tasks in more traditional detective-game format, you actually have to manipulate the files of the game itself as you play.

Yes, the very coding and organization of the game is the basis of the puzzles and codes for you to unravel.

Heather Alexandra at Kotaku explains more:

Getting rid of a locked door might require placing the door’s files in your recycling bin. Finding the password to a lock means opening up a handful of notebook files and searching until you find the code. It’s a different sort of puzzle solving, one that encourages the player to be aware of the game world’s artificiality… playing around with the actual game files creates a fun mixture of puzzling and “exploration” as you poke around folders and directories.

[Image courtesy of Go Go Free Games.]

It’s a brilliantly meta concept. Whereas many games and puzzle experiences are all about immersion, ensuring you forget you’re playing a game and encouraging you to dive into the narrative and gameplay itself, File://maniac demands that you not only remember you’re playing a game, but forces you to think like the designers of the game to circumvent each challenge.

It’s like being trapped in a maze, then being able to shift your perspective to an overhead view of the maze and navigate yourself out with omniscient ease. It’s a total perspective shift, and the a-ha moment of figuring out how to change the rules to your advantage is an immensely satisfying reward.

Do you know of any games out there that create unique and unexpected puzzly experiences? Let us know in the comments section below! We’d love to hear from you!

PuzzleNation Product Review: ThinkFun’s Potato Pirates

Potato Pirates is available from ThinkFun and other participating retailers.

PuzzleNation Product Review: Hacker

But Hacker offers a new twist on this concept.

PuzzleNation Product Review: //CODE: On the Brink

An Escape Room in a Box!

[Image courtesy of Escape Game Addicts.]

From the announcement on Eventbrite.com:


Study: Successful retailers hurt more by COVID-19, unrest than less successful ones

Dan Berthiaume
Senior Editor, Technology
Dan Berthiaume profile picture

The volatility and disruptions of 2020 impacted high-performing retailers more than their peers.

That’s according to a RSR Research survey of retailers in North America, the E.U., and U.K, which found that retail “winners” with comparable store/channel sales growth above the industry average of 4.5% were more likely to report having a “lot of impact” from a number of disruptions during 2020 than their average-performing or lagging competitors.

This disparity was found in disruptions including COVID-19 (70% of winners/55% of all other retailers), changes in customer expectations (58%/48%), weather events (42%/14%), social unrest (41%/27%), and boycotts (39%/23%). As to why the most successful retailers would be affected the most, RSR Research said that retailers experiencing the highest volume of sales would logically most feel the effects of the unprecedented volatility of the past year.

Another interesting disparity in how retailers are impacted by disruptions occurred in how retailers of different sizes have been affected by changing customer expectations. For example, 63% of the smallest respondents (less than $500 million in annual revenue) reported this as an issue, compared to only $48% of Tier 1 respondents with more than $5 billion in annual revenue). With smaller retailers depending on their intimate knowledge of their customers to remain competitive, RSR Research cautions this is not good news for small retail.

In addition, respondents in the grocery vertical were most likely to report being impacted by social unrest (63%), which RSR Research attributes to grocery stores staying open throughout the disruptions of 2020 as “essential” businesses.

The study also examined the leading business challenges retailers face in regard to store employees. Across all respondents, the top three store employee challenges were ensuring consistency of corporate directives across the chain (48%), increasing organizational visibility and control of store operations (47%), and delivering customer orders for store pickup accurately and efficiently (44%).

Other common challenges included delivering customer orders outside the store in a convenient and accurate manner (42%), delivering customer orders for curbside pickup in a convenient and accurate manner (42%), enhancing the speed and accuracy of labor budgets that better align with each store (40%), and offering a conscientious, safe and consistent shopping experience in stores (37%).


Digilabs Technologies Blog

Archive for June 18th, 2009

One of the many different things we prepare our output is the usage of a Vector PDF. But what’s the big deal? Doesn’t PDF stand for a Portable Document Format? Isn’t a PDF just a PDF?

This turned out to be a long post. Longer than I thought it will be when i started. So, I broke it into three parts. The first part will layout the basics. Some of you might find it doesn’t tell them anything they don’t know already. Feel free to skip it if this is the case. The second post will tie it all together with emphasis on printing and output.

Well, a PDF is indeed a portable document, and it will look “the same” on different devices. It just does not mean that all PDF’s are created equal. In other words, looking the same is the not the same as looking the best it can. So the way the PDF is built will effect the results you get, even if you don’t know it yet.

Let me explain. Many of you might know it already, but some who are new to the world of digital printing might not yet be aware of all those details. I’ll try to put some sense into it all. I will avoid many technical details, but we’ll have to go into some of it from time to time.

We live in an analog world. In this world things are continues. I draw a line. I take my pencil, start form one point and go to another point and I have a line the width of my pencil. I’ll take a magnifying glass and look at it, it’s there! It’s looks wider, but is still the same line I drew. That is the analog world.

A digital world, buy contrast, uses discontinuous values. The combination of a series of discontinuous values may fool us to think it is continues when in fact it is not. In real life we move around. This is analog. In the movies, the actors picture on the screen change at 30 frames per second, fooling our brain to think they are moving when in fact its a combination of discontinuous frames. This is digital.

Computers are digital. The screen is a digital device. It is built out of many small points that can be turned on or off, and if you put a lot of them inside a tiny place it might fool the eye, but this is still a visual effect, not reality.

Enough with this mambo jumbo! lets add some context. Remember the line I drew in the first paragraph? Lets draw it on a computer screen. I have a starting point and an end point. I turn pixels on the screen on and off to get the illusion of the line. But since the screen is digital, pixels are either on or off, and since my screen is a matrix of discontinuous pixels, they don’t always fall where the line should be. On the left, you can see my line on paper. On the right, how the same line might be represented on a screen.

Okay, I admit. I did simplify things somewhat. Many smart people make a good living doing a better job in representing this line. They will use all kind of smoothing techniques, such as anti-aliasing or others to get better results, but you get the point.

When we represent things on screen or paper, we can divide our inputs into two camps. The continuous tone camp and the line art camp.

For simplicity, lets say digital images are better represented by a continuous tone representation. In the real world it means a big array of pixels, each one with its own color. When enough pixels are crammed together is a small place, they fool the eye to look like a continuous tone image. We will call the number of pixels we put together in a given space the “display resolution”. There are more than one usage for the term resolution, but here we actually mean: “how many dots per inch do we have”. So when we say the image is displayed at 72 dots per inch (dpi), we actually say that when we display it on the screen, every square inch of the image contains an array of 72 by 72 pixels with color information in each. We can refer to this graphical representation as a bitmap (or a pixel map) image.

The image on the right is a small image on a scree. On the left, you can see what it really looks like on the screen if we look through a magnifier.

On the other end of the spectrum, we have the line arts. A line art is an image that is better defined as a combination of lines, curves and colors. Think about a clip-art or a cartoon. It is easier defines as a series of strokes, lines, geometrical shapes and colors than by a bitmap. Since those images are defined by geometrical shapes, they do not have an inherited resolution. I can take the geometrical shapes and scale them mathematically to any size I want before I render them to the screen (which we know by now is a digital device). So, when I use a line art image, I can get the best possible result for the specific output device. But more on that later.

I know. By this time you all nod your head in understanding, but back in your mind you think, “who cares?”. After all, we mostly print and and deal with images, right? Wrong! The most common form of a “line art” we use are fonts. Okay, fonts are more complex than a typical line art and someone out there is annoyed by me treating them the same. So let me say just that. Fonts are more complex in their technology and definition and usage than I might suggest here, but for our little discussion lets define “line art” as anything that can be defined with lines and curves, including fonts.

How do you make a font look good at all sizes? Fonts, or at least modern fonts (like truetype or postcript), are defined as mathematical definitions of lines and curves to shape the look of a character. When displayed or printed, they are first mathematically scaled to the desired size and than are rendered to the output device. Did I say no inherited resolution? I guess the term resolution independent is a better term to use.

Look at those two example.

When we represent what should be a line art as a bitmap image, we impose a resolution on the item first. From now one, if we scale it, we always start with its resolution, same as the example of the image above. On the left we see the letter D. On the right is the top part of the same letter at a larger size. Since we started form a bitmap of the letter D and scaled it up, look how it looks like. This is called pixelation.

Below we have the same text, but this time, we started with the line art description of the font and kept it this way until the last minute before displaying it on screen. Note how the lines look compared to the same text above.

This is true not only for fonts, but for anything which is better described as a line art. Take a look at the clip art below. Left is the original, center when scaled from a bitmap and right when scaled from a vector file.

So what all of that has to do with PDF quality? This will be the subject of the next post.

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June 2009