Franz von Stuck

In 1891, when the Bulgarian Ministers saw the recent acquisition of Prince Ferdinand they were so scared that crossed in front of work of art.

The sensing of the viewer of the power of «Lucifer» by Franz von Stuck has not diminished today too. The work painted in oil on canvas in 1890 fascinates and captivates, inspires horror and chills the blood.

Franz Stuck (in 1906, when he gets a knighthood his name will have the prefix «von») was born in 1863 in Tettenweis (near Passau) in a Catholic family, farmers and millers.

By age six he was already doing caricature drawings for local residents. Father did not approve of the wish of boy to become a painter, but the mother as say von Stuck in an interview in 1901 «thought well of my ambitions». His parents sent him to Munich to study art at the School of Applied Arts when he was 8. At the age 18, he entered the Academy of Fine Arts. After completing his education, Franz Stuck has earned a living doing cartoons and illustrations for magazines and newspapers of different publishers, including «Flying Leaves» (Fliegenden Blätter) and «Youth» (Jugend). Since 1887, he began to experiment with oil painting. Being a member of the art exhibition of 1889 in «The Glass Palace» (Glaspalast), Franz Stuck received a gold medal for his painting «The Guardian of Paradise» (Der Wächter des Paradieses). This exhibition brought Franz Stuck not only a prize of 6,000 gold marks; he has become a recognized symbolist. In 1892, he was among those who founded the Munich Secession. In 1893, the painter won a prize for his painting «Sin» (Die Sünde) at the Chicago World’s Fair.

The Guardian of Paradise (Der Wächter des Paradieses), 1889. Oil on canvas, 250 × 167 cm. Sammlung H. J. Ziersch, Munich

In 1895, Franz Stuck received a professorship at the Academy of Fine Arts, where he once studied, with more attention to color theory. Among the disciples were future luminaries of art: Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers. During this time he designed and built the Villa Stuck, which demonstrated the marked ability of the painter in architecture, sculpture, design, interior decoration. Furniture created for the Villa earned him yet another gold medal at the world’s fair of 1900 held in Paris. In 1906, Franz Stuck received the order «for merit of the Bavarian Crown» and he became a nobleman, having a great creative way, from Franz Stuck to Franz Ritter von Stuck. In 1913, in all his glory, Stuck began to build a Studio next to the Villa. The structure completed in 1914 had two floors. On the first floor housed the sculpture; on the second one had paintings. Unfortunately, with the outbreak of the First World War Stuck off the sculpture and in this area he is not realized himself.

One of Stuck’s most famous sculptures, «Amazon Throwing a Spear», now stands at the entrance the Villa and is the main icon of the house (the Museum of Art Nouveau today). Shortly before his death in 1928, Stuck received an honorary doctorate of the Technical University of Munich for the making of the Villa. Franz von Stuck died on August 30, 1928; he has been buried in the Munich Waldfriedh by his wife Mary, and memorialized as «the last prince of art of Munich’s great days».

Amazon Throwing a Spear. Villa Stuck

Franz von Stuck created in the era of great artists and visionaries. Richard Wagner’s «The Ring of the Nibelung» set the standard for musical and theatrical works, hitting the roof. Karl Marx championed class struggle as the determinant of political and economic power.

Friedrich Nietzsche declared: «God is dead» and the revolution in philosophy. Charles Darwin reached the starting point in the past and discovered natural selection, which was to become the ruling power of existence. Sigmund Freud has penetrated into the mind and became the father of the psycho-analysis. In the second half of the 19th century, a bold thinking desperately tried to keep up with the rapid pace of technological progress that threatens to swallow human values. In painting still persisted representation of academic art and the approval of definite classical methods.

In France, Adolphe William Bouguereau idealizing mythological and pastoral motive was the well-known exemplar of salon academic art. Painting of Bouguereau and other, so-called painters of humanists is fine, but it is impossible to call it ingenious or incomparable. «Stepping back», the art ignored scientific, philosophical, social development era what artists of the new generation, who were considered informal and «alternative», tried to investigate and explore in according to their understanding.

The first Secession movement was formed in 1890 in France. The Munich Secession to which Stuck belonged was the second in Europe. It followed by the Berlin Secession and later the Vienna Secession, whose most famous member is Gustav Klimt. Munich painter’s works such as Albert von Keller, Gabriel von Max, and Franz von Stuck show similarities and essential distinctions. They considered liminal states but each of them was inspired in their own way.

In 1895, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered surprising X-rays in Würzburg. In 1900, he moved to teach to Munich, where his scientific revelation about transparency of a body inspired Keller, which painting counterbalances permeability of a flesh with a spirit materialization. This liminal state between physical and extrasensory he thoughtful in the biblical scenes of the resurrection, landscapes with a bright yellow aura, associated Keller with the spiritual realm.

Gabriel von Max was interested in infinitely thin membrane between life and death, but not affirming the existence of the individual spirit, he addressed the issues of awareness and oblivion, wakefulness and sleep. Von Stuсk, in some respects the most impudent of them of three, addressed to the theory of Darwin and interpreted classical plots with especial brutality. Just as Freud probed the darker sexual side of human psyche von Stuсk painted the wild side of human nature, marginal state between man and animal.

Classic images in Stuсk’s painting are many, his style is masterly, and he’s even less secessionist, being meanwhile the founder of the movement. But he is faithful to the ideals of the secession and does not apply to these images as the epitome of human beauty. The painter interprets familiar forms from many classical sources ambiguously. Even a very picturesque scene exposes dark and primitive, opposing them to carelessness of the academic art of the time. Bright to that an example is female images in his works. The Secessionists rejected aspects of the academic art, but for most male spectators woman represented the idealized image of the.

Stuсk put in female images startling control, will and authority and even when the woman in his works takes a traditional and decorative pose it is compensated by presence of the men competing for her attention. Stuсk painted many such paintings («The Duel», «The Struggle for Woman»), each treats the theme differently, but together taken they declare that the doctrine of Darwin «the strongest survives» and the sexual competition rules even the most «civil» society; men bear arms, and women bear armies.

The Struggle for Woman (Der Kampf ums Weib), 1905. Oil on panel, 90×117 cm. Hermitage Museum, in Saint Petersburg

Immodest depictions of «Sin» and «Sensuality» show the female form which is obviously tempting the spectator. «Sin» is one of the most powerful work of the painter which won to it glory and financial success. There are some versions of «Sin». The version of 1893 with some classical characteristics and in golden tone represents the dark-haired Eve invitingly inviting the spectator «to Bite the Apple», with pure passion without some rage.

The version of 1908, having many meanings, in greenish painful tone, shows conscious development of the painter everything farther from the academic art.

The snake draped around the shoulders of woman in «Sin» and rising from the woman’s loins in «Sensuality» is a phallic symbol and the direct offer to sexual communication. The snake which is among the desperate souls in «Inferno» with a spiteful grin looks directly at the viewer. Just as the woman for Stuсk becomes a figure representing civilization, the snake for him is chthonic, primary force, assuming a chaotic state; from it we arise, through art and Darwinian evolution which the painter was so fascinated. Franz von Stuck saw need have balance between ideal and instinctive, well understanding dark aspects of the last.

The Sin (Die Sünde), 1893. Oil on canvas, 94.5×59.5 cm. Neue Pinakothek, in Munich

«Most of my paintings feature a ‘he’ and a ‘she’. I would like to glorify the strength of man and the soft pliancy of woman. Even in my religious paintings, I seek to highlight the human aspect, that which is universally understandable. In my mind, a savage would be able to see that it is a noble man here who is nailed to the cross between two barbarians.»

Men in Stuсk’s works are not only the cat’s paw in hands of a woman or brute beasts. If the feminine form is the inspiration that is crying for change, the soul, the male form is the personification of active energy. In a portrait of «Samson» the divine athlete breaks off a jaw to a lion, and the spectator «hears» a crunch of bones. Both figure the painter paints equally motionless as rocky clump, representing the tangle of limbs with muscles in high relief. Stuсk interprets the biblical theme for Darwin.

In «The Fantastic hunting», two centaurs race across a long, horizontal canvas (one catches up with another, having wounded him fatally). The lateral composition suggests the speed and action. But also it reminds rock paintings, and modern spectator perceives it as cinema shots.

The Fantastic hunting (Phantastische Jagd), 1890. Oil on canvas, 74×184 cm. Museum Villa Stuck, Munich

The painter uses a long canvas in his art researches for different effects. In «Pieta», dead Christ (Stuсk represented himself) lies on a pedestal as in a crypt, but the composition offers inertia, the clenched arms and body showing strength even in death. The perpendicularity of Mary, who buried her face in her hands, reinforces balance between two gender visions divine, fastening their strength and their loss. Mary’s grief also shows in her aura, is so thin that it seems like it may burst at any time.

In «Golgotha», the mourners and crucified figures are dark, rough, merged with the darkened dead landscape. Thieves on both parties of Christ are visible not completely on forward and a background, but they hang over the earth while Christ’s feet are lowered on the earth and he almost falls before a look of the hidden witnesses.

Stuсk makes the divine available for understanding of the common people. He puts in this huge power or shows its weakness — and these are aspects of the people, but not something ultra-boundary. The civilization is still connected with the natural world in conscious balance of forces. When Stuсk shows this balance, it seems delicate and intense.

He also often shows opposing forces separately, in isolation from each other to enucleate their frightening strength and power. Dionysius (chthonic, wild, and instinctive) and Apollo (heavenly, ideal, and discreet) are two categories which Stuсk studied, allocated and united, constantly to them came back, including in the Villa. The Villa is created as the general work of art in which these forces have to be balanced as the temple devoted to human existence. The Villa is expression of individual skill of contradictory elements and forces within the boundaries of humanity. It includes the altars devoted to both dark and light aspects.

The theme of Stuсk’s works are based on religious plots and classical mythology, after the tradition opened by Arnold Böcklin, inspired by Freud’s theory, the concept of Darwin about an origin of the being, fight for existence in the nature and selection process. Large forms dominate in the majority of his paintings that shows his love to a sculpture. The character of «Sisyphus» has skin lighter than the surrounding landscape of the underworld, but the muscles of his body like boulders and rocks. Stuсk consistently does not change the meaning of the work of using paint; sometimes colors and forms coalesce in the darkness, and the shade is not the source that defines the boundary between the foreground and background of the composition, the flesh and stone.

In «Evening Star» the background completely absorbs kissing couple. A spiritual element — the star in the sky acting from a canvas — takes away a look from them. Humanity in work and tender passions is forever attached to a material world, is its emanation, but is touched by that call Divine.

Franz von Stuck’s masterpiece is «Lucifer».

The fallen angel is off center, with widely opened, pale, furious eyes gets through the spectators, hypnotizing them. They are as the light source of hot, magmatic, burning inside, as the sparks of the soul, cast into hell. In his muscular nudity he appears strong and courageous, but his head leaning against his left hand opens mind focused in thought, and this gesture allows you to see the status of searing sadness. He who laid down broken wings, reminiscent of his fall, but chewing revenge is the greatest symbol of the return order. Once divine, now demonic, once loved, and now the enemy, he sees the essence of humanity through material aspects and understands how it can be used to undermine the divine order.

Some painters, who understand the general idea, can turn it only in one masterpiece, but the true quality of a great painter is the ability to create whole worlds from a single idea. Franz von Stuck studied humanity, not only in heaven and hell, but here on Earth through biblical history, ancient myths and colorful traditions of Europe.

Unfortunately, not always great ideas analyzed correctly. Any list that includes Wagner and Nietzsche’s names runs the risk of being listed as a fascist ideology. Franz von Stuck’s art caught sight once to Adolf Hitler shortly after the painter died. Of course, Hitler saw in it only what he wanted to see, distorting its meaning for the sake of own purposes. On a twist of fate von Stuck joined after World War I requirements imposed to allies to forgive Germany for the sake of the cultural and art heritage perverted by Nazis two decades later. But if art again and again tells something to new generations, it means eternal truths which embodied Franz von Stuck. It is difficult to look away from his works which always strike with a powerful force of nature of the person.

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Peerless Peach

By Audrey Stallsmith

Prunus persica

The ripest peach is highest on the tree --
And so her love, beyond the reach of me
Is dearest in my sight. . .

Why -- why do I not turn away in wrath
And pluck some heart here hanging in my path? --
The ripest peach is highest on the tree!

“The Ripest Peach” by James Whitcomb Riley

Years ago, Mom planted a row of rareripe peaches beside her garden.  (They can be grown from seed, producing small fruits which mature early.)  Since peach trees don’t hold up well in Zone 5, she probably thought she’d need many trees to retain a few.  About 15 have survived, but they often don’t fruit here due to late frosts, which was the case this year--except for a few out-of-reach specimens like those mentioned by Riley above!

So I bought a bag of peaches at the grocery store recently, only to discover that--though unblemished on the outside--they had turned a dull brown shade inside.  As a result, their flavor was far inferior to those smaller peaches that (sometimes!) grow on Mom’s trees.

A member of the rose family, Prunus persica actually originated in China.  There, it was much revered as a symbol of vitality and immortality and a defense against evil spirits, because its pink blossoms open before its leaves do. Peaches eventually spread to Persia and were known as “Persian apples” by the time that country’s conqueror, Alexander the Great, carried them to the rest of his realm.

They reached the New World by the 1500s, probably first planted in North America near St. Augustine, Florida.  Jefferson cultivated them at Monticello, and they mostly remained a  homegrown fruit until farmers made an effort to turn them into an agricultural crop in the late 1800s.  Fortunately, a seedling of a variety which had been known as 'Chinese Cling' produced a particularly handsome yellow freestone peach.  It was named 'Elberta' for the wife of Samuel Rumph, the man who made that cultivar a commercial success.

The esteem in which peaches were held during the Victorian era is proved by their meaning in the Language of Flowers:  “Your qualities, like your charms, are unequalled.”  Their common English name derives from the French peche.

Their branches once were a favored wood for water witching.  According to Ozark Magic and Folklore by Vance Randolph, superstitions also hold that you should fertilize a peach tree with old leather shoes buried near its roots—and hammer nails into the trunk to force it to produce fruit or to prevent that fruit from falling too soon.  A wind in the south on Groundhog’s Day or Valentine’s Day reportedly is a bad omen for the crop, which might be just as well, since a heavy yield of peaches supposedly means less of more traditional farm crops or vice versa.

I take leave to doubt that, since all of our crops were down this year.  We blame that on the excessively wet weather for much of the season, but part of it could be due to the fact that Mom wasn’t here to tend the garden ones.  Still, as our pastor pointed out at her funeral, the many peach tree seedlings she gave away continue to bloom and bear fruit--a sign of the immortal life which now is hers.

The image of Prunus persica is by L. Batsch from Revue Horticole, courtesy of


The emergence of a global marketplace requires multinational teams in order for organizations to stay competitive and continue growth and expansion. Yet the current research of global virtual team dynamics and effectiveness does not provide a universal understanding.

Past studies on the dynamics and effectiveness of global virtual teams has been inconsistent. Most proved that face to face groups were more effective than virtual groups, while other studies proved quite the contrary. Research on multinational teams was limited, but most consistently agreed that although multinational teams held the most potential for success, this fact was rarely realized.

A study of three global virtual teams was conducted over twenty one months to collect data on the dynamics of virtual teams and to determine if they are effective. The areas of study included proper selection of technology mediums, realization of the potential that multinational teams and the use of social interaction to maintain relationship building and corporate culture.

The study revealed both the success and failure of companies that implemented global virtual teams. Effective teams selected the best technology mediums based on the level of an incident in the decision process. Email and fax were only used for brief communication, while video conferencing and face to face meetings were held for larger and more complex decisions. Unsuccessful companies often used email, fax or teleconferencing for in depth processes and rarely held in person team meetings.

Effective teams also understood that the larger the difference in cultural background and wider distance between members, the more complex the technology medium needed to be and more detailed the messages. Ineffective teams often failed to communicate on a consistent basis and often neglected cultural differences.

Effective global virtual teams established a rhythm of face to face meetings to salvage the social interaction of corporate cultures. The face to face meetings were used mostly for higher level decision processes, complex messages and relationship building. SellTech and MakeTech both conducted intense face to face meeting with intense agendas for complex business issues and decision making. Ineffective teams were inconsistent with the use of in person team meetings and the complex decision making was often communicated via improper technology mediums.

In conclusion, virtual global teams are effective when the uses of the technology mediums are properly selected and other successful management strategies are maintained. Multinational teams hold great potential to learn from and teach each other as long as the potential is realized. Also, a rhythm of face to face meetings allows a team to develop relationships and preserves the corporate culture.

Maznevski. M. L. and Chudoba K. M., (2000). Bridging Space Over Time: Global Virtual Team Dynamics and Effectiveness. Organization Science, Volume 1 (Issue 5), pp. 473 – 492


Do You Qualify for Social Security Disability for Deep Vein Thrombosis?

Patients who are living with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) know what a potentially dangerous condition it can be. A blood clot deep in the vein of a patient’s lower leg can cause pain, swelling, and inflammation in the leg, and it’s possible for the clot to break off and become lodged in the heart, brain, or lungs—putting a patient at increased risk of an embolism.

How to Qualify for Disability If You Have DVT

Due to the particular risks of DVT, the Social Security Administration (SSA) allows patients who are unable to work due to DVT to collect disability benefits. Whether you qualify for disability benefits for a deep vein thrombosis will depend on:

  • Your prognosis. Patients must prove that they have been diagnosed with DVT, and their condition is expected to continue for at least 12 months or last the rest of their lives. Many DVTs respond well to treatment and can be resolved in a few weeks, so patients will likely need to show other outstanding factors that make their condition difficult to treat or require constant intervention (chronic conditions).
  • Your employment. People who have deep vein thrombosis may be advised not to work, as strenuous activity increases the risk of dislodging a blood clot. To qualify for disability payments, you must show that you are not able  to do your past work or any other work.
  • Your medical evidence. Most DVTs can be diagnosed using blood tests, x-rays, ultrasounds, or by tests that measure blood flow capacity through the legs. Your application should include evidence of your diagnosis and the details (and potential side effects) of your treatment—including blood thinners, hospitalization, immobilization, or surgery. Your doctor should provide a comprehensive overview of your restrictions, such as how long you can sit and how much you can carry, in order to help SSA determine your functional capacity.
  • Your functional capacity. The SSA will use all of the evidence in your application and medical records to determine your ability to perform sustainable work—this is called your residual functional capacity (RFC). For example, your DVT may prevent you from walking long distances and restrict you from sitting for longer than an hour, or the blood thinners you take make you dizzy. When making a determination, the SSA is required to consider all of the restrictions on your working ability, including your age, job skills, and education.

How Can I Help Ensure My Disability Application Will Be Approved?

Your application should include as much information about your disability as possible and contain any other related conditions that could also qualify you for disability. To find out how to build a strong disability case, download our free guide, The Five Deadly Mistakes That Can Destroy Your Social Security Disability Case and How to Avoid Them. Or call us (402) 933 5405.

Sean D. Cuddigan
SSA and VA Disability Attorney in Omaha, Nebraska


National Eating Disorders Awareness Week is Coming Up!

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February is National Eating Disorders Awareness Month. Eating disorders effect 1 or 2 out of every 100 children and are becoming more common, but many children and adults are able to hide eating disorders from their families for months or even years because they wear loose fitting clothes and appear to eat a healthy diet. Several of the causes for this increase in eating disorders include constant pressure from sports, movies, television and magazines to be abnormally slender. Many sports such as wrestling and gymnastics dance and acting also make weight and body image a huge issue. If you don’t weigh what the coach or director wants, you don’t compete in the big meet or get the best part in the play. Magazines at the grocery checkout, where I get my up-to-date medical information, always have articles featuring the thinnest people.

The two most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia and bulimia are very similar, but people with anorexia are usually very thin and underweight and people with bulimia may be a normal weight or even overweight. People with anorexia or bulimia frequently have an intense fear of being fat or think that they are fat even if their weight is normal. People with eating disorders also can have serious physical health problems, such as heart conditions or kidney failure and in severe cases suffer from severe malnutrition and may even die. The best-known example of a tragic outcome from an eating disorder is that of Karen Carpenter, the great singer, who died of heart problems after struggling for years with anorexia nervosa.

People with anorexia have an extreme fear of weight gain and a distorted view of their body size and shape and try to maintain a very low body weight. Some restrict their food intake by dieting or exercising for hours. The small amount of food they do eat becomes an obsession. People with anorexia become very thin; weigh themselves at least once a day; count calories and portion the food they eat very carefully; only eat certain foods; withdraw from social activities; and may door poorly in school because they get lightheaded and are unable to concentrate because they are starving.

Compared to people with anorexia who eat almost nothing, people with bulimia usually eat a huge amount of food, such as pizza, cakes, cookies or ice cream that almost dissolve in your mouth without chewing. They only stop eating when they are too full to eat any more or run out of food. Then they try to get rid of the calories they ate by vomiting, exercise for hours or use laxatives to not gain weight. People with bulimia also have health problems because constant vomiting can damage your stomach and kidneys; cause tooth decay from the stomach acids you throw up; and the loss of minerals such as potassium which can lead to heart problems and death.

I treat children and adults who have eating disorders by helping them to establish new patterns of thinking about food and to deal with their disordered eating patterns. I help children to think about their body size, shape, eating, and food. I also use nutritional counseling, and individual and family therapy because parents and other family members are vital to help children see their normal body shape is fine and that being excessively thin can be dangerous.

As a mother, your own eating habits and how your deal with your own body image is a great influence on how your children think about food and how they look. Create a healthy lifestyle for your family by involving your kids shopping for and cooking healthy, nutritious meals. In addition to the nutritious meals, make exercise a fun, rewarding, and regular family activity.

Dr. Grubb is Board Certified in Adult and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and is a member of the Behavioral Health Team at the National Naval Medical Center at Bethesda, MD specializing in pediatric and family issues with weight. Dr. Grubb is a staff psychiatrist at the Columbia Counseling Center and can be reached by contacting the Center.

Men and Women in the Military. Studies also show a higher-than-average risk for eating disorders in men and women in the military. A study of eating behavior on one Army base reported that 8% of the women had an eating disorder, compared to 1 – 3% in the civilian female population.


Geographic Perspectives on Sustainability and Human-Environment Systems

World Development Throughout History

There is one more point to consider about the GDP map shown earlier: It only shows one point in time. The map tells us something about development around the world today, but it doesn’t explain how we got here. Even the Rosling video, which shows an animation over time, doesn’t offer much in the way of explanation. This leaves out the important question: Why is it that some countries are more developed – or at least have more money – than others?

Understanding the patterns of development we see today requires understanding the history of development around the world. Historical geography is the study of the historical dimensions of our world and is very important here. It turns out that certain aspects of the environment have played important roles in the history of development on Earth. This is a very old story, and it’s worth starting at the beginning: at the origin of agriculture. Agriculture is an important starting point for development because the increased food supplies enable larger populations and enable some people to devote their time to tasks other than producing food. This labor specialization is necessary for the diverse other human activities required for development.

Agriculture originated independently in several regions around the world. In the map below, the green areas are regions where agriculture originated and the arrows show directions that agriculture spread from its areas of origin.

This image shows agriculture originating and spreading out from the following locations: 1) The fertile crescent of Mesopotamia 11,000 years before present; 2) central China 9,000 years before present; 3) New Guinea 9,000 to 6,000 years before present; 4) Northern Andes of Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia 5,000 to 4,000 years before present; 5) Southern Mexico 5000-4000 years before present; 6) the current U.S. midwest 4,000 to 3,000 years before present; and 7) possibly an east-west strip across subsaharan Africa 5,000 to 4,000 years before present.
Figure 5.5 Centers of Origin and Spread of Agriculture
Credit: Work found at Wikimedia Commons / (CC BY-SA 3.0)

But all agriculture is not equal. Some agriculture is more productive than others. Likewise, some of these regions where agriculture originated are likely to develop more successfully than others. Key factors include the region’s growing conditions (including temperature, precipitation, latitude, and soils) and the types of plants and animals available for planting and domestication. Many regions had good growing conditions, but of all the regions in the world, one had especially rich plants and animals to use. That region is the Fertile Crescent, which is located in the Middle East as seen on the map above.

Consider This: The Fertile Crescent’s “Geographic Luck”: Guns, Germs, and Steel

Guns, Germs, and Steel is a Pulitzer Prize-winning book written by geographer and physiologist Jared Diamond. In the book, Diamond seeks to answer a question posed to him by a man in Papua New Guinea: Why does Diamond have so much more “cargo” than the Papua New Guineans? “Cargo” here essentially means “stuff,” including advanced stuff like helicopters. Note that Papua New Guinea has had agriculture for a long time – it is the green space located just north of eastern Australia on the map above. Why didn’t Papua New Guinea’s agriculture lead to advanced civilization as it did elsewhere? The explanation that Diamond comes up with is that Papua New Guinea had less “geographic luck:” It had less in the way of resources conducive to successful agriculture, in particular, plants and animals. In contrast, the Fertile Crescent had better resources.

In order to learn more about Diamond’s ideas, please watch part of the National Geographic video made based on Guns, Germs, and Steel. Please begin at Episode 5, at time 4:30. Then watch Episode 6 from the beginning through time 8:25. As you watch the videos, consider this: What are the major parts of Diamond’s arguments? What are critiques that others have made? How does Diamond respond? Is his response successful?

Environmental Determinism

The idea that the outcomes of civilization were determined entirely by environmental factors is known as environmental determinism. Environmental factors like plants and animals for agriculture can help explain some major patterns in development, such as why advanced civilization developed in Eurasia but not in Papua New Guinea. However, it cannot explain everything. For example, it cannot explain the major differences in development found today between adjacent countries such as the Dominican Republic (richer) and Haiti (poorer) or South Korea (richer) and North Korea (poorer). The distinction between the Dominican Republic and Haiti is even visible from space

Green Forested Domincan Republic and Brown Deforested Haiti as viewed from space.
Figure 5.6 Satellite image of Haiti (left) and the Dominican Republic (right)
Credit: NASA

In this image, Haiti is on the left and the Dominican Republic is on the right. This part of Haiti is almost completely deforested, as is much of the rest of the country, but the deforestation ends abruptly at the political border. From our systems perspective, this is clearly humanity impacting the environment, not the environment impacting humanity. What is important to understand is that the patterns of development that we see have both environmental and social causes. The environment can explain some of why advanced civilization emerged on Eurasia instead of elsewhere, but only social factors can explain why, for example, the Dominican Republic is richer than Haiti or South Korea is richer than North Korea. In other words, environmental resources can contribute to development trajectories, just like many other geographic factors such as culture, climate, topography, proximity to major waterways, etc. But no single one of those components is ever the determining factor.

Environmental determinism came to prominence in the early twentieth century but its popularity declined over time. This is partly due to its shortcomings, and also a recognition that it was often used as a justification for colonial conquest and slavery. In contrast to the unidirectional conceptualization of human-environment relationships, environmental possibilism arose as a mild notion where the environmental constraints are still recognized but the freedom and capability of humans to change and structure the environment are highlighted. Environmental determinism and possibilism represented geographers’ first attempts at generalizing what accounts for the pattern of human occupation of the Earth’s surface in modern times.


Comprehensive Assessment Services

Julie Kovac Ray, Ph.D.

Psychological-Educational-Neuropsychological - ADHD - Admissions  Evaluations

Parent Coaching and Training

Dr. Julie Kovac Ray received her doctorate in Clinical Psychology from The George Washington University in 1997 and conducts a wide range of assessments for children, adolescents and adults.  These assessments are designed to clarify an individual’s strengths and weaknesses in different areas which may include cognitive, academic, and emotional functioning. Neuropsychological assessment helps to identify inefficiencies in brain functioning, which may contribute to learning and social/emotional difficulties.  Parent training involves teaching parents and caregivers how to increase desirable child behavior, reduce children's misbehavior, improve parent-child interactions, and bring about a positive family atmosphere.

Dr. Ray is committed to providing quality services where each individual has a comfortable, positive experience and deliver evaluation results in a timely manner.


A2iA DocumentReader: Advanced OCR, ICR and IWR Technology

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In South Dakota, parts of Iowa, and in many other parts of the humid States, artesian wells lifting water to the surface in great volume are quite common. They are utilized for irrigation of fruits and crops, but the gain is not as great as is usually suspected. It is not often that the position of the well is favorable for irrigating as large an area as the volume of water would indicate. If water is raised a few feet to a reservoir on the highest ground in the near vicinity it can be utilized at time of greatest need over a large area by troughs or pipes. But it seldom happens that an artesian well can be made to run the water into large reservoirs high enough to be used over as much surface as the water will cover in a humid State. But in the relatively few localities where artesian wells can be obtained at the highest points they will prove very valuable if the surplus water can be stored in late winter and spring for use in the dry season.

In relatively flat countries with some undulation artesian water is distributed to good advantage when the pressure of water will lift it to a height of fifteen feet or more. In the Libyan desert of north Africa are now found hundreds of such wells furnishing water for immense plantations of date-palms and other tropical fruits. But where water comes within twenty feet of the surface and the supply is plentiful, the modern gasoline pumps raise and carry the water to elevated reservoirs at a cost so moderate that it is trifling when compared with the usual cost of water in the arid districts. Indeed, the reservoir system has been the main one used in ancient and modern times. In the arid regions the water of the wet season is stored in immense ponds or lakes for use in the dry period, usually in mountains, or by damming mountain streams. In the dry season this stored water is used on large tracts during a long period. In the humid States the dry period is short. Hence our friends from the arid States need not make sport of the smaller ponds filled by pumping from stream-beds or wells.


Distance from Powhatan, AR to Driver, AR

Driving distance between Powhatan, AR and Driver, AR is miles (or kilometers). If you drove an average car (using about 3.6 gallons of gas per mile), the gas would cost you around $, since you would need about gallons of fuel.

Leaving from Powhatan, AR you would reach Driver, AR in about if you keep an average speed of miles per hour, assuming you don’t make any breaks or get stuck in traffic.

Driving distance in miles

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CO2 emissions: kg

Emission estimated with the eco2 norme
(185 CO2 grams/mile)

This is a map overview of the best driving route from Powhatan, AR to Driver, AR in which you can see the origin and destination points marked with A (Powhatan) and B (Driver) respectively as well as blue line along the road route you can take. You can zoom in to see more details, including road numbers and even street names both in Powhatan, AR and Driver, AR as well as every other town you may pass by on your way.

Fuel consumption if you drive from Powhatan, AR to Driver, AR

Cost of driving from Powhatan, AR to Driver, AR

Depending on the fuel efficiency level of your car, driving from Powhatan to Driver will cost you between and . An average car would make the trip for . We calculate the route cost using real time average gas prices for the US and other costs such as tolls are not included in this calculation.

Driving directions

To help you plan your trip from Powhatan to Driver, we offer a detailed map together with full, turn by turn, driving directions from Powhatan, AR to Driver, AR.

Flying or direct distance between Powhatan, AR and Driver, AR

The flying distance represent the straight distance from Powhatan to Driver, the length of an hypothetical flight trip between the geographic center of Powhatan, AR and the geographic center of Driver, AR. We also offer nearby airports to both Powhatan to Driver and a flight ticket price comparison form, in case you want to make that hypothetical flight real :).

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Distance from Reyno, AR to Proctor, AR

Driving distance between Reyno, AR and Proctor, AR is miles (or kilometers). If you drove an average car (using about 3.6 gallons of gas per mile), the gas would cost you around $, since you would need about gallons of fuel.

Leaving from Reyno, AR you would reach Proctor, AR in about if you keep an average speed of miles per hour, assuming you don’t make any breaks or get stuck in traffic.

Driving distance in miles

CO2 emissions icon

CO2 emissions: kg

Emission estimated with the eco2 norme
(185 CO2 grams/mile)

This is a map overview of the best driving route from Reyno, AR to Proctor, AR in which you can see the origin and destination points marked with A (Reyno) and B (Proctor) respectively as well as blue line along the road route you can take. You can zoom in to see more details, including road numbers and even street names both in Reyno, AR and Proctor, AR as well as every other town you may pass by on your way.

Fuel consumption if you drive from Reyno, AR to Proctor, AR

Cost of driving from Reyno, AR to Proctor, AR

Depending on the fuel efficiency level of your car, driving from Reyno to Proctor will cost you between and . An average car would make the trip for . We calculate the route cost using real time average gas prices for the US and other costs such as tolls are not included in this calculation.

Driving directions

To help you plan your trip from Reyno to Proctor, we offer a detailed map together with full, turn by turn, driving directions from Reyno, AR to Proctor, AR.

Flying or direct distance between Reyno, AR and Proctor, AR

The flying distance represent the straight distance from Reyno to Proctor, the length of an hypothetical flight trip between the geographic center of Reyno, AR and the geographic center of Proctor, AR. We also offer nearby airports to both Reyno to Proctor and a flight ticket price comparison form, in case you want to make that hypothetical flight real :).

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Rev. Shirley Ranck

The Grandmother Galaxy

Home / Session 4 – The Multi-Cultural Imperative

Session 4 – The Multi-Cultural Imperative

Chalice Lighting:  Light the chalice and say: Centuries ago the Hebrew prophet Amos posed a question that still haunts us today. He asked, “Can two walk together except they be agreed?”

Reflections:  Allow up to five minutes for questions or comments that have come up since the previous session.

Introduction:  Read or put into your own words the following:  The multi-cultural imperative calls us to set aside other unexamined assumptions—that light is better than dark, that bull-dozing the sacred lands of indigenous people does not interfere with their freedom to practice their religion, that it is superstition to believe that the ancestors have become part of the earth, the water and the trees.  What are we assuming here?  That our culture, our religion, our values are the highest, the best that human beings have created.  Our language in its use of light and dark is just one indication of the assumptions carved into our imaginations.

Many of the indigenous spiritual traditions around the world, although patriarchal in many ways, have retained strong elements of honoring woman and honoring the earth.  In the past we have called those traditions primitive but now we find that they have important truths to teach us.  One truth found in many traditions is respect for the old women, the grandmothers of the community.  They are often considered to have special wisdom and are granted the power to make important decisions and judgments for the whole community.  We can no longer afford to romanticize or demonize other cultures.  Our task is to get to know each other as human beings searching in our own peculiar ways for the same creature comforts, fulfillment and satisfaction.

Repeat the question: Can two walk together except they be agreed?

Journaling:  Have the following questions on newsprint:

  1. Are there diverse cultures in your community? Which ones?
  2. How well do you know them?
  3. What might the old women have to teach us?

Allow ten minutes for writing.  Put responses on newsprint and discuss.

Information:  Read or put into your own words the following:  In the early 19th century Ralph Waldo Emerson and the young Theodore Parker insisted that Christianity was true only to the extent that it was an authentic expression of a universal religious impulse that all religious people share.  Universal, going beyond the boundaries of Christianity.

One hundred years later Sophia Fahs made important contributions to our awareness of other traditions.  Her multi-cultural perspective prepared the way for our Unitarian Universalist acceptance and celebration of diversity.  Her book Beginnings of Earth and Sky, a collection of creation stories from around the world, was published in 1938.  It includes the biblical story as one among many.  Her book From Long Ago and Many Lands was first published in 1948.  In the introduction she writes that an important principle in selecting the stories for this collection “has been to choose stories from a wide variety of different cultures, races and religions so that early in life children may begin to feel some of the human universals that bind us together in a common world kinship.  Our finest moral and spiritual ideals have been shared by many peoples.”

In the 20th century we were challenged when large numbers of humanists joined our churches, non-theists, people who did not believe in a supernatural deity, but did believe in our human potential for goodness and ethical living.  The civil rights movement called upon us to acknowledge the racism deeply ingrained in many of our old assumptions.  The women’s movement urged us to root out the sexism in our theologies, our language and our organizational structures.  Gay and lesbian and transgendered people, rejected by so many other traditions, came into our churches hoping we really meant the acceptance we proclaimed.  We have continued to affirm that yes, we can walk together and respect not only a variety of views but a variety of persons.

The curriculum Rise Up and Call Her Name attempts to take us on a journey into the indigenous religions of many lands and peoples, but that effort is a very risky enterprise.  We Unitarian Universalists are after all predominantly white middle class Americans.  How dare we claim these native religions as our own?  As one Native American woman said, “I feel as if you are invading my religion just as you invaded my land.”

Journaling: Have the following questions on newsprint:

  1. Have you explored other traditions on your spiritual journey? Which ones?
  2. What did you learn?
  3. How did you feel?

Extinguishing the Chalice:  Extinguish the chalice and read the following quote by Luisah Teish:

“I will not wear your narrow racial jackets as the blood of many nations runs sweetly thru my veins.”


October 11, 2015

How to slow cook duck legs

Cooking duck legs is deceptively easy and yet it's so intimidating for many because it's considered "fancy food". We love eating gourmet food but as a family of five always on the go, we need a quick recipe (at least with very little prep time). Using the slow cooker is the best way to cook duck legs especially if you're a beginner chef. This easy weeknight dinner recipe allows me to put all the ingredients in the Crockpot and then forget about it till we come home for dinner. Here's a basic recipe on how to slow cook duck legs but I've added an Asian flair to it by using soy sauce and a few Asian spices. Just know that you need about 1/2 cup of liquid in the slow cooker so if you're not up for soy sauce, substitute it with a simple broth and add your own vegetables in the last 30 minutes. It goes to show that you don't need to spend a lot of time in the kitchen to eat well. Once you've figured out your slow cooking, you'll be Crockin' it!


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Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh is a state in North-central India. The capital city of the state is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore. Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in India with a population of over 75 million. Madhya Pradesh literally means Central Province and due to its geographical location it is often referred to as the Heart of India.

The region was ruled by the major dynasties of India, including the Mauryans, Gupta Empire, Harshavardhana, Rajputs, Paramaras, Chandelas, Bundelas, Tomaras, Mughals and Marathas. The region is dotted with innumerable monuments, exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces. The state is rich with cultural heritage of Hinduism, Islam, Jainism and Buddhism. There are three UNESCO World Heritage sites in the region: Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka.

Major tourist sites in Madhya Pradesh include: Khajuraho Erotic Temples, Bandhavgarh National Park, Kanha National Park, Gwalior, Orchha, Sanchi Stupas, Maheshwar, Mandu, Ujjain, Omkareshwar.

Spectacular mountain ranges, rivers, hills, lakes, dense forests – Madhya Pradesh has it all. Madhya Pradesh is home to 11 National Parks and a number of nature preserves including: Bandhavgarh National Park, Kanha National Park, Satpura National Park, Sanjay National Park, Madhav National Park, etc.

Madhya Pradeshstate is also known for a number of festivals and fairs. Major festivals and fairs in the state include: Khajuraho Festival of Dance – a week-long event with Indian classical dancers performing amid floodlit temples, Shivaratri Mela with up to 100,000 Shaivite pilgrims, sadhus (spiritual men) and Adivasis (tribal people) attending celebrations at Mahadeo Temple, Magh Mela - a huge annual religious fair held on the banks of the Shipra River at Ujjain, Ahilyabai Holkar’s Birthday - the Holkar queen’s birthday celebrated with palanquin processions through the Maheshwar town, Navratri – a festival of Nine Nights, Tansen Music Festival – a four-day music festival attracting classical musicians and singers from all over India.

The cuisine in Madhya Pradesh varies regionally. Dal bafla is a common meal, consisting of a steamed and grilled wheat cake dunked in rich ghee which is eaten with daal (lentil, pea or various types of bean) and ladoos (ball-shaped sweets made of flour, minced dough and sugar).

Madhya Pradesh is home to a large tribal population and number of ethnic groups. Majority of people follow Hinduism (91%). The official language of the state is Hindi. The other widely spoken language in the region is Marathi.

Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate with hot dry summers (April–June), followed by monsoon rains (July–September) and a cool and relatively dry winter.

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Songwriter - guitarist

Pre-Chorus and Bridge: The Similarities and the Differences

The most recognizable section of practically any song will be the chorus. That’s because it’s likely to contain the “hookiest” part – the melodic/rhythmic idea that everyone will recognize. The verse melody is also going to be recognizable for the fact that it starts the song — it’s the first thing people hear. Get “The Essential […]

Momentum and Musical Energy: What the Pre-Chorus Does For a Song

There’s a quick answer to why you’d ever use a pre-chorus in your song: by the time you get to the end of the verse, it feels too soon for the chorus. A pre-chorus is that little optional section that sits in between the verse and chorus. Choruses tend to be more energetic than verses, and […]

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Can Songs Be Too Short?

Singer - Band Rehearsal

Here’s Why Your Song’s Pre-Chorus Isn’t Working

It’s easy to understand why a song uses verses and choruses. The chorus tells the listener the essence of the song. The verse explains the situation behind the emotions of the chorus. That part is usually pretty cut-&-dried. But there are other miscellaneous sections your songs might use. And a commonly-used section (also a commonly-misunderstood […]

How Design Saves a Song and Pulls the Audience In

When you talk about the form or design of a song, most people understand that you’re likely talking about the overall structure of a song — the verse-chorus-other aspect. Non-musicians likely know that most songs will move from the intro to the verse to the chorus, and then they might know to expect to hear a pre-chorus or […]

6 Songwriting Tips for Energizing a Chorus

Your song’s chorus is often going to be the most energetic part of your song, with the possible exception of a bridge that might really take things to new levels. But even in songs where the bridge is energetic, you’ll find that the return to the chorus afterward is all the more dynamic and lively. In […]


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Hadley Baldwin, Partner

Hadley Baldwin

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Bridging the gap from Strategy to Delivery

Bridging the gap from Strategy to Delivery

Defining the right strategy is a critical part of any business and a significant achievement. The subsequent challenge of moving into delivery has never been easy, yet business leaders are under increasing pressure to define their strategies more quickly and to deliver them more cheaply – which often increases risk and makes this transition even harder.

The risk can be mitigated by taking practical steps to progressively evolve and refine the strategy, whilst ensuring that the business is ‘operationally ready’ to drive delivery. Reflecting on our experience, we have identified some key considerations to build confidence in execution.

1. Trial the strategic concept

Testing that your strategy will work in the real world before you move into full delivery is a sound investment allowing you to tweak, finesse or even have a wholesale rethink of those elements which don’t meet your strategic aspirations.

If your strategy is dependent on technology that is new to your organisation, prototyping the solution can help to prove the technical concept and highlight any capability gaps within your operating model. Set clear objectives for what you are trying to prove – and make sure senior stakeholders understand them.

Beyond proving a technical concept, consider testing the strategy in the market through a live pilot. But be clear on what a pilot can realistically achieve: if it is not possible to test a strategy well without substantial new capabilities being in place, then a pilot may not be the best approach.

2. Establish the right governance

Getting the right people around the table frequently to kick start a strategic initiative will certainly provide early direction and lean decision making. As the initiative gathers pace and branches out to other operational areas, it’s important to evolve the governance group to build buy-in and maintain alignment across the broader organisation.

3. Validate the Commercial & Legal Feasibility

When trialling, using key performance indicators such as transaction volumes, revenue uplift or customer feedback can provide early insights to the potential commercial impact of your strategy allowing you to flex it accordingly.

If relevant, validate that the legal feasibility of the strategy. This might include testing market regulations, employment law, competition law and so on. Identify potential risks and confirm pragmatic and actionable mitigations.

4. Identify the Operating Model Impacts

It is important to make sure that the business can operate the strategy on an ongoing basis once the programme to implement it has been delivered.

Testing the strategy will help  assess what new capabilities will be needed, but understanding who is going to establish them is paramount to operational success. For example, when speed is of the essence, acquiring capability externally can help to prove the strategy, but developing a long-term roadmap for if and how that capability will be built into the organisation, is a crucial element of ensuring the operational success of the strategy.

5. Involve delivery teams early on

Those who will be responsible for delivering the strategy should be part of the team working out how to put it into operation.

This will test feasibility before the strategy radiates out further and will help shape a realistic implementation approach, build an understanding of the business requirements and drive engagement from the delivery team.

6. Maintain the business case

As the strategy evolves through trialling, so should the underpinning business case. As more is understood about what will be needed to achieve the strategic outcomes; expected costs and benefits should be modelled to make sure the case for change is still compelling, generating confidence when transitioning into delivery.

These ‘strategic testing’ considerations require investment and rigour, but if overlooked can have a real impact on the cost and success of the subsequent delivering the strategy.

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Create Funeral Program

Create Funeral Program, Funeral programs and stationery should be reflective of the deceased’s life. Death care professionals should recognize that client families no longer will accept limited, generic and pre-printed options.

Funeral programs and personalized funeral stationery are a wonderful addition to any funeral or memorial service. Providing client families with the option to choose from hundreds of themes can set not only the funeral program apart, but your funeral home as well.

Create Funeral Program
Create Funeral Program

starttoday Funeral Program 8.5 x 11 (Letter Size)

Client families are looking to create funeral programs, keepsakes and other funeral stationery that visually speaks to them about their loved ones life.

Having generic stationery and funeral programs in this day and age is unacceptable. Pre-printed funeral stationery definitely cannot offer the options and reflect the individuals unique qualities.

Taking blank stock, a laser printer and some easy to use print-on demand software, death care professionals are able to create a funeral program that reflects the interests, hobbies, occupation or religious affiliation of the deceased.

Plus, when other funeral stationery such as funeral register books, memorial folders, prayer cards, book marks, dvd packaging and funeral candles are created using this same software, the overall finished presentation of keepsake items is remarkable.

starttoday Funeral Program 8.5 x 11 (Letter Size)


They visited the flowers first. The red tubular flowers planted specifically to attract them. But the tiny birds appeared rarely and randomly. My desire to see hummingbirds in the garden on a regular basis led to the addition of hummingbird feeders under the dogwood tree and on the porch window. It took about a week for them to find the feeders. For the rest of the summer and into the fall we had hummingbirds in the garden all day long.


Woman's Record of Time Spent

Here's one of the books I made last week, Woman's Record of Time Spent. It's made from the cover of an old foreman's log books, which I used the pages of for something else. I did the sort of making last week that was less thinking and planning and more about arranging and intuition. There's something about the photograph of the three women that made me think about my grandmother, my mother and me, our similar experiences as women and our vastly different experiences as women of different generations. How in another time I would be an anomaly for being 30 and unmarried and not wanting children, and how my mother's generation made it possible for me to have the choices I have had. It's a lot of stuff for such a small book.


Arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay - essays on citizenship

arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay

arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essayArthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay -But, in actuality, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is also the author of adventure stories, which are probably less known to the mass audience, but still reveal writing skills and talent of the author.It is clear from Holmes’s summing up at the end of the tale that the rational detective was at no point impressed by claims of supernatural forces stalking the Baskerville family.The disappearance and surprising reappearance of Holmes is a stock-in-trade used before by Doyle to mask the solution to a riddle and, ostensibly, by Holmes in order to lull a villain into a false sense of security.Thus, is a compilation of the narrative and plot techniques that made the Holmes stories so popular.Many of his works became basis for the creation of movies.Though they relied on and even fostered what might be called a space for only men, they almost certainly had no time for homosexuals.The Stapletons’ actions are puzzling only if one does not know that Sir Charles’s brother had a son—Stapleton.Het is echter in een enkel geval mogelijk dat door omstandigheden de bezorging vertraagd is.Deze Loeb-editie, door Frank Berserik nogal letterlijk vertaald, lijkt wat te veel van het goede.Holmes’s appearance in the story with his lucid, analytical approach would prematurely debunk the legend and dissipate the gothic atmosphere.Doyle uses it on multiple occasions in service of his plotline and in dialogue with other themes.These characteristics of his writing style may be traced in practically all his works, including “The Hound of the Baskervilles” and “The Lost World”.Holmes is free of the confusing influences of the other characters and is therefore able to see more clearly into the heart of the mystery.He is, in fact, the only person who is determined enough to mark a safe passage through the treacherous bog that has swallowed up so many creatures.See full summary » During WWII several murders occur at a convalescent home where Dr. He summons Holmes for help and the master detective proceeds to solve the crime from ...Superstition is linked to weakness (as with the infirm Sir Charles), but most prominently with lower class status.Speaking about “The Hound of the Baskervilles” and “The Lost World”, it is important to underline that these works represent two different genres.The supernatural plays a major role in The Hound of the Baskervilles.In all probability, the author understood that Holmes book could overshadow the rest of his literary works and, this is why he attempted to create a totally new character.Sir Arthur Conan Doyle is one of the most prominent writers of the late 19th – early 20th century, whose literary works are still popular.arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essayIn this respect, it is possible to speak about the influence of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle not only on literature but also on other forms of art.This split is not occasional because, in actuality, it is possible to speak that by the early 1900s, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle had attempted to shift from writing Holmes books to some new books, which could be interesting for the audience and bear a significant artistic value.De whodunit-kant ervan is niet de sterkste zijde, maar de sfeer van de mistige moerasvlakten in Devonshire, waar Sir Charles Baskerville op onverklaarbare wijze de dood vindt, is onovertroffen.Doyle’s fascination with the subject persuaded his friend to take Doyle on a small walking tour of the area.Holmes’s absence also accentuates his mental acuity, since he is not present to be misled by false evidence.It probably makes the most sense to take the middle road, to situate classisms and racisms in their appropriate cultural context, while at the same time insisting on their inappropriateness in our modern world.How do images of modernity interact with mystical legends of the past?One critic notes that the references to “light” and “darkness” in this tale represent, as in previous stories, Holmes as the light of reason opposed to the darkness of both evil and ignorance.Despite his own disinclination to continue the Holmes stories after he had established himself as the author of such novels as (1891), Doyle nevertheless began again.However, when he and Watson witness the agonizing end of a small moor pony as it sinks into the ooze, Stapleton is notable for his cold-blooded lack of concern, thus demonstrating that, despite his determination, he lacks compassion for living beings.The story draws the reader in, not only to the world of the misty moor and strange goings-on, but also to the works of Conan Doyle.It would also make withholding the solution much more difficult, for it is his appearance that brings the answer to some of the most vexing questions in the mystery.By contrast, if Sherlock Holmes were telling the story, we would have little opportunity to solve the mystery ourselves: witness, for example, Holmes' various and sundry revelations of the truth, which preclude our participation by effectively beating us to the punch.Still not committed to the idea of reviving Holmes, Doyle used the simple expedient of setting the tale in the time before Holmes’s apparent death at the Reichenbach Falls. The barren and forbidding moor of Devon, the Grimpen Mire, the spectral hound, dark and old Baskerville Hall, all create an atmosphere that is both more exotic and more gothic than any possible venue in London.In this novel he displays his own interest in the , alongside Sherlock Holmes’s talent for keen scientific detection, in a story that is full of atmosphere, suspense, and unexpected turns.His literacy career began at the age of twenty, inventing Sherlock Holmes at the age of twenty-six.Why does Holmes get involved in this case in the first place?He is very much a part of the gothic horror of the story.Er zijn al verschillende Nederlandse edities van op de markt.His admiration for Poe’s plots was nearly matched by the impression made upon him by the American author’s ability to create gloomy ambience. arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay As a writer of detective stories, he made no secret of his admiration for Edgar Allan Poe and Poe’s creation, the French detective Dupin.Some, believing implicitly in Holmes’s existence, were convinced either that Watson had made an error or that the stupid intermediary, Doyle, had garbled the information.The Barrymores’ actions are not pertinent to the solution of the problem.The villain is described by Holmes quite early in the story as being “worthy of our steel.” Stapleton, alias Baskerville, is an unusual entomologist who thinks nothing of dashing into the dreaded Grimpen Mire in pursuit of a butterfly for his extensive collection.Pocketuitgave, volle bladspiegel.(Biblion recensie, Redactie...) Levertijd We doen er alles aan om dit artikel op tijd te bezorgen.Only a slow-witted lackey like Watson is fit for the job.Even if Holmes' character can give us a chance now and then by keeping his conclusions to himself, he is still too quick a thinker to take on the onerous task of relating all the facts in detail.In the first place, Watson is not as intuitive as Sherlock Holmes.With his degree, he practised medicine at South Sea in the 1880s as well as other different locations.It is worth mentioning the fact that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was traditionally known as the author of detective stories about Sherlock Holmes, who became probably the most famous detective in the world.Through Watson’s observing but undiscerning eye and ear, the reader senses the implied threat of the moor and is witness to the animal-like visage of Selden, the mysterious actions of the Barrymores, the contradictory and alarming behavior of the Stapletons, the horrifying sounds of the unseen hound, and even the sinister presence of the mysterious stranger who is actually Holmes.Welke opties voor jouw bestelling beschikbaar zijn, zie je bij het afronden van de bestelling.It is the descriptions of the moor and the oppressive Baskerville Hall that provide much of the chilling atmosphere that pervades the novel.Until Holmes unravels the mystery and kills the great hound, it is as if Stapleton is in league with the great bog and the moor.In other words, “The Lost World” may be viewed as a product of Doyle’s experiments in his efforts to find some new characters and heroes that could replace his Holmes who had already become extremely popular.At the same time, many of his works possessed a great artistic value and were positively accepted by the mass audience.Further, it is a novel-length tale that is as cohesive as any short story, with all the action concentrated in one locale.When Holmes' character does appear, he serves more as a catalyst for the action in the story, bringing things to a quick and exciting climax.Its combination of mystery and gothic techniques as well as its length makes it a standard by which Doyle’s and other writers’ efforts are measured.Thematically, the supernatural ties together questions of class, which run throughout the novel. arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay He studied at Stony Hurst as a member of the Society of Jesus which was a religious order founded in the early sixteenth century.On the one hand, there is a classical detective story, “The Hound of the Baskervilles”, while on the other hand, there is an adventure story “The Lost World”.At the same time, it is worth mentioning the fact that the novels were written within a decade, namely, “The Hound of the Baskervilles” was published in 1902, while “The Lost World” was published a decade later, in 1912.Even the fog rolls in at precisely the wrong moment and forces Watson, Holmes, and Lestrade to retreat during their ambush.Two arguments can be made: one, that the prejudices of the past cannot be judged by the standards of our current cultural moment and two, that Holmes and Doyle were racist and sexist.Doyle's Hound of the Baskervilles by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh in 1859.In this way, became a Holmes story, some would say the best known of all the Holmes stories.Both Holmes and Doyle come from a very specific and presumably similar cultural milieu in which gave privileges to the educated white male and denigrated virtually every other kind of human experience.The expenses of his home and family after success had been achieved continued to increase beyond even his expanded earning power, and the public refused to believe that Holmes was dead.In this sense, he allows the reader to join him as he attempts to live up to the master's standards.The second reason Doyle uses Watson as a narrator is that it allows for the pace he is looking for.He graduated in medicine from Edinburgh in 1881, winning his doctorate in 1885.In this case, the plot came to him before he began to consider the character he would use to unify it.Traditionally, his works were oriented on the mass audience, but it should be said that his works were interesting not only for ordinary readers but also for literary critics.The series of tales in , a novel-length story that Doyle wrote after an acquaintance told him a similar tale one day on Dartmoor, when damp and dismal weather made playing golf impossible.Doyle’s descriptive powers are given full reign by the stratagem of absenting Holmes from the body of the story, leaving the narration to the letters and diary of the far more credulous and impressionable Watson.In this sense, it is interesting that Doyle regularly refers to the superstitious commoners but only rarely lets us meet them first hand.At the same time, however, he evinces a strong faith, at least in Holmes, of a logical, rational explanation for even the most mysterious occurrences.However, in spite of the considerable difference between his detective and adventure books, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle preserved his original style and he always paid a lot of attention to details, even if they seemed to be insignificant at first glance.From moving to London, he transferred the characters Sherlock and his partner Carr told him the stories about ghost hounds and headless riders which encouraged Doyle to write the novel at hand. arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay The disappearance and surprising reappearance of Holmes is a stock-in-trade used before by Doyle to mask the solution to a riddle and, ostensibly, by Holmes in order to lull a villain into a false sense of security. arthur conan doyle hound baskervilles essay

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As you study scripture, it is really good to have some understanding of the way of life of the people in Israel when the Bible was being written. In our trek through the 23rd Psalm, verse 5 contains words that are so picturesque and they relate a story that that is such deep meaning.

In Biblical days, when a stranger came into a town in Israel, some family would invite the stranger to stay in their home for the night. They would prepare a meal for them and they would take care of them for the evening. This was done because there were people at night that would be considered their enemy and would take advantage of them in many ways if the person was found out in the dark, alone.

When the stranger entered the home of the host, the host would see that the feet of the stranger were washed because wearing sandals would mean dirty feet, and the anointing oil of gladness would placed on their head and then they would sit for the meal. At the close of the meal, the host would refill the wine glass with wine for the fellowship time.

If the host filled the wine glass full, this signified that the guest was welcome that night but they would be on their way the next day. However, if the host filled the wineglass to overflowing, this meant that the guest would always be welcome in that home just as a family member would be welcome anytime. In other words, my house is your house forever.

Now line this history up with Psalm 23:5. “You (the Shepherd) prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies; You anoint my head with oil; My cup runs over.”

According to this verse, the Shepherd has invited us into His home and has prepared a meal for us in the midst of our enemies, has given us the anointing oil of gladness and the Holy Spirit and has poured our glass of wine to overflowing, thus telling us we are always welcome in His home. We are members of His family. The Lord is my Shepherd! Is He yours?


Production Name 1982Feb11, Kawamura noh stage, Daie
Production Alternate Name Kawamura kennoukai, February 1982 (migrated production name)
Performing Arts Type(s) Noh
Production Type Single event
Location(s) of Production Kawamura noh stage
Piece(s) in Production Daie
People in Production Kawamura Nobushige (Musician) Kakei Kōichi (Musician) Hisada Shunichirō (Musician) Maekawa Mitsunaga (Musician) Morita Junto (Musician) Kawamura Teiji
Notes Kawamura noh stage; sponsor: Kawamura kennoukai; p [qy, Sept06] Probably the same production as "Saigyouzakura"

Associated Items

Representations of the production 1000503, 1000508, 1000509, 1000511, 1000513, 1000512, 1000505, 1000506, 1000504, 1000507, 1000502


Ending Discipline Time Positively

This is a very helpful tip that I received from an email subscription. I would like to share it with you…

Disciplining children day-to-day often leaves tension in the parent/child relationship. Children feel angry, guilty, or fearful and their parents can be left with lingering frustration. One helpful solution for both parent and child is to have a debriefing after every discipline time. We call it a Positive Conclusion.

During the Positive Conclusion, talk about what went wrong, why it was wrong, and what the child might do differently next time. With younger children you might simply develop a routine, asking them questions in a gentle, non-accusing tone. With teens, a discussion is often helpful covering the same issues.

This kind of Positive Conclusion not only helps clear the air between parent and child but it also helps children think rightly about mistakes as they get older. Instead of self condemnation, a child learns to confess a mistake, determine why it was wrong, and then plan a better response for next time.

Be sure to end the Positive Conclusion with an affirmation like “Okay, go ahead and try again.” It’s the same kind of affirmation that Jesus gave to the woman caught in adultery in John 8 when he said, “Go and sin no more.”

This parenting tip was taken from the book, Home Improvement, The Parenting Book You Can Read to Your Kids, by Dr. Scott Turansky and Joanne Miller, RN, BSN.

  1. Lovely tip!

  2. Ending positively was in one my parenting books. It makes a huge difference on the disciplining, they feel more secure and confident in themselves afterwords. I like reassuring them that they are good kids that make mistakes like everyone else.

  3. hanks for this Chris, I am actually having issues with my daughter's attitude and this helps a lot.

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Related Journals
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2006, Vol 6, Num, 2     (Pages: 117-122)

Some Characteristics and Size of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) Population in the Lake Karamık (Afyonkarahisar/Turkey)

İsmet Balık 1 ,Hıdır Çubuk 2 ,Remziye Özkök 2 ,Rahmi Uysal 2

1 Mediterranean Fisheries Research, Production and Training Institute, PO Box: 190, Antalya, Turkey
2 Eğirdir Fisheries Research Institute, 32500 Eğirdir, Isparta, Turkey
Viewed : 1139 - Downloaded : 1461 In this study, some population characteristics such as age, length, weight, condition, growth, mortality rates and size of carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) population in the Lake Karamık were investigated. The ages, fork lengths and weights of the examined 108 individuals ranged between I-X years, 9-70 cm, and 16-8780 g, respectively. The mean condition factor of the population was calculated as 2.022. The length-weight relationship and von Bertalanffy growth equations were W = 0.0245*L2.952 (r2 = 0.996) and Lt = 130*[1-e-0.0754*(t+0.2452)], respectively. The total (Z), natural (M) and fishing mortality (F) rates were Z = 0.40 yr-1, M = 0.16 yr-1, and F = 0.24 yr-1, respectively. The number of fish longer than 25 cm in the population and their respective biomass were estimated as 47,847 individuals and 53,893 kg. In addition, it was determined that the maximum sustainable yield could be obtained with 60% of the present fishing effort. Keywords : Growth, mortality, biomass, maximum sustainable yield


Steak, mushroom & ale pie

  • Preparation time: 30 minutes
  • Cooking time: 2.5 hours
  • Total time: 3 hours

Serves: 6

2 tbsp vegetable oil
800g essential Waitrose British Beef Diced Braising Steak
2 large onions, chopped
4 rashers smoked streaky bacon, roughly chopped
4 tbsp plain flour, plus extra for dusting
300ml Theakston Old Peculier
400ml beef stock
2 tsp light brown muscovado sugar
Bunch thyme or rosemary
2 carrots, cut into chunks
200g button mushrooms
500g shortcrust pastry
Milk for brushing

1. Heat half the oil in a large saucepan and cook the diced steak for 5 minutes until browned. Remove with a slotted spoon and set aside. Add the remaining 1 tbsp of oil to the pan and cook the onions and bacon for 5 minutes until softened.

2. Add the flour and cook for 1 minute then stir in the ale, scraping up any bits stuck to the bottom of the pan. Stir in the stock, sugar, herbs, carrots and browned meat then cover with a tight-fitting lid and simmer very gently for 2 hours until the beef is tender.

3. Preheat the oven to 220ºC, gas mark 7. Stir the mushrooms into the filling then transfer to a 25cm pie dish (or other ovenproof dish). Dampen the rim of the pie dish with a little water. Roll the pastry out on a lightly floured surface and place over the filling. Trim the edges, pressing down well, then use the trimmings to cut out leaves to decorate the top. Make a hole in the centre of the pie then brush all over with milk. Place on a baking tray and cook for 30 minutes until the pastry is dark golden. Serve with mash and steamed greens.


Public Release:

Intel joins forces with University of Luxembourg in securing autonomous cars

Research towards self-healing cars

University of Luxembourg

IMAGE: Intel joins forces with SnT in securing autonomous cars. From left to right: Dr. Marcus Völp, Dr. David Kozhaya, Professor Paulo Esteves-Veríssimo. view more

Credit: Copyright for the picture: © University of Luxembourg

Intel Corporation has signed a Partnership Framework Agreement, joining forces with the University of Luxembourg's Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT). As autonomous vehicles gain in complexity, it becomes increasingly difficult to secure them against hackers. Through this agreement, SnT and Intel will therefore work together to make such vehicles more resilient, allowing them to neutralise attacks automatically, and even 'self-heal' before an attacker can compromise too many essential functions.

The agreement follows SnT's involvement in the Intel Collaborative Research Institute for Collaborative Autonomous & Resilient Systems (ICRI-CARS), with the work being carried out by researchers from SnT's Critical and Extreme Security and Dependability Research Group (CritiX). Their research will focus in particular on solving security issues impacting safety, caused, for example, by the need for self-driving cars to 'collaborate' with one another.

Powerful on board computers capable of handling driving functions, such as parking and lane keeping, are already a reality. In the move towards fully autonomous cars, however, less attention has been given to the need for such vehicles to collaborate with one another; in order to drive safely these cars will need to share information about their environment, from roadworks and weather conditions to pedestrians stepping out into the road.

Unfortunately, the complex software and extensive connectivity necessary for such collaborative autonomous driving makes these systems more vulnerable to attack. For example, hackers could interfere with sensor devices or communications between vehicles to take control of several cars and block an emergency route, or to appropriate police and military vehicles. Driving control systems could even be hacked to cause accidents.

Using current methods, this would be prevented by ensuring that systems are free from the software faults and vulnerabilities that hackers exploit, but this is no longer feasible. "We can realistically aim to verify only 15,000 lines of code in a piece of software - the equivalent of 13 experts working fulltime for a year," says Research Scientist Dr Marcus Völp. "To give that some context, Windows 10 has around 50 million lines of code. Therefore we need to accept that attackers will find vulnerabilities and hack into cars, meaning that we need systems capable of real time response and rejuvenation while under attack."

Using the methods currently being developed by CritiX, any one system within a car - for example the engine control system, responsible for fuel injection and air calibration - will be made up of multiple independent software components, rather than just one. More than a third of these components would need to be compromised in order for a hacker to manipulate the system. Further, with CritiX's approach we can imagine that each component is like a labyrinth, and in order to compromise it a hacker needs to find the way to the heart of that labyrinth. While this is happening, however, any previously compromised components will self-heal and 're-design' themselves, so a hacker would constantly be faced by an array of new labryinths.

'This isn't only a theoretical challenge, but also a practical one', says FNR PEARL Chair Prof. Paulo Esteves-Veríssimo, head of CritiX. 'One of the major difficulties here is to ensure that the rejuvenation can happen in real time without overheating critical systems.' Similarly, the team must guarantee that while individual components rejuvenate the remaining components remain operational and safe.

The team's work on autonomous driving has already borne fruit - in 2016 their paper Towards Safe and Secure Autonomous and Cooperative Vehicle Ecosystems identified significant gaps between the measures taken to ensure that cars are safe and those taken to ensure that they are secure. Through their current work they are developing the methodologies, protocols and solutions necessary to address this gap, moving towards the ultimate goal of automatic resilience against attack.