Invisible Light Collectors

Seeing the invisible

Refracting and reflecting telescopes are used to collect and study visible light. Although visible light provides valuable information, it only represents a tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. To see the rest of the spectrum, which consists of invisible colours, researchers need to use collectors that are capable of detecting wavelengths that correspond to the type of light they wish to study.

Graph of the electromagnetic spectrum represented by an undulating line on horizontal band gradations against a blue background. The wave bands are close together on the left and further apart on the right.

For the infrared domain, the parabolic mirror of a reflecting telescope remains the ideal means by which to collect and concentrate the light rays. Because the light being collected is invisible, the human observer is replaced by an infrared detector at the mirror’s focal point. Its purpose is to measure the intensity of the infrared rays.

The technique works very well for infrared waves with short wavelengths of about 2.5 microns, or 2.5 millionths of a metre. This portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is known as “near-infrared” because the waves are nearest to red light. Unfortunately, the situation is considerably more complex for the mid- and far-infrared domains.

One of the complications for detecting infrared sources in space is that the reflecting telescope collects a lot of background infrared light from the atmosphere, from any human observers present in the room, and from the telescope itself. This occurs because objects emit infrared light at about 20 °C. In addition, atmospheric water vapour absorbs a large part of the infrared rays coming from space, which makes data collection difficult – or even impossible – at some wavelengths.

To overcome these problems, detectors are cooled to very low temperatures (sometimes down to -269 °C) and the telescopes are placed at the highest elevations possible where the air is drier. Another solution is to put them directly into space, orbiting Earth.

The great interest for astronomers in observing the infrared light of the Universe is due to its powers of penetration. Infrared waves are capable of passing through dust, allowing us to see regions that are otherwise impenetrable to visible light, such as the interiors of nebulas.

Colour photo of a radio telescope surrounded by three white antennas aimed at the sky, installed around two grey buildings with forested mountains in the background.

At longer wavelengths in the microwave domain, absorption by water is a persistent problem and the best solutions are to collect data from high elevations or satellites. Luckily, there is a technical advantage to working with microwaves: their wavelengths are sufficiently long enough that a metal parabolic collector can be used instead of glass.

The reason it is possible to use metal is quite simple. In order for light rays to be concentrated at the focal point of a reflecting telescope, the size of the irregularities in the curve of the parabolic collector must be smaller than the wavelength of the light being collected. Consequently, it is not necessary to use a highly polished reflecting surface like a mirror for light with very long wavelengths, like microwaves; instead, a simple metal dish will suffice.

Microwaves are of immense interest to astronomers. Cosmic background radiation – that amazing “first light” emitted when the Universe was only a few hundred thousand years old – exists mainly in the form of microwaves.

Radio waves, which have even longer and less energetic wavelengths than microwaves, are typically collected using large metal dishes. The Earth’s atmosphere allows for the easy passage of wavelengths measuring 1 centimetre (the beginning of radio waves) to 10 metres. This is true even if the weather is overcast, which allows astronomers to have virtually continuous observation of this portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio waves are produced by supernova remnants and by electrons passing through the magnetic fields of distant radio galaxies.

Graph showing the penetration of light on the photo of a mountainous landscape. The horizontal band names nine wavelengths represented by vertical yellow lines descending at different lengths towards the ground.

For light with wavelengths that are shorter than those of visible light, like ultraviolet rays, it is possible to use optical telescopes. Unfortunately for astronomers (but fortunately for human beings), most ultraviolet light is absorbed by the ozone layer before reaching Earth’s surface. It is therefore necessary to use satellites for ultraviolet studies. Ultraviolet light is the most abundant type of energy generated by very hot stars.

Satellites must also be used to study X-rays and gamma rays, which have wavelengths that are even shorter and more energetic than those of ultraviolet rays. These light rays are so energetic, however, that they can easily pass through mirrors; special collectors must be used to detect them. Most X-rays are emitted by pockets of hot gases found between galaxies and near black holes. Gamma rays are mainly found in the vicinity of supernova explosions.

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Hill-Snowdon Foundation

Washington, DC |
Assets: $35,211,131
Total Giving: $1,889,864

Giving primarily for organization working with low-income families and communities to create a fair and just society by helping them develop the capacity and leadership skills necessary to influence the decisions that shape their lives. HSF seeks to accomplish this mission by providing grants to organizations that work directly to build the power of low-income families; leveraging the foundation's and others’ resources; and promoting opportunities for learning and growth.


Rahul Bagga and Shrashti Maheshwari shares ‘Tom & Jerry’ chemistry

Shrashti Maheswari and Rahul Bagga, who will be seen sharing the screen space for the first time in Gurpreet Sondh’s forthcoming film, Shaadi Teri Bajayenge Hum Band, had a whale of a time working with each other.

The two talented actors who plays interesting and entertaining characters have bonded well on the sets and share a great rapport to the extent that their chemistry has been referred to as the popular Tom & Jerry cartoon series.

Sources suggest that Rahul is always seen teasing Shrashti on the set. He always used to pull Shrashti’s leg and make fun of her deliberately so that she gets annoyed by him. They shares a chemistry of Tom and Jerry. They used to fight or argue and then the unit used to notice them laughing and hanging out after all the fights and arguments.

Interestingly, Rahul used to call Shrashti ‘Child labour’ since she was the youngest among all on the set. Shrashti later got used to of Rahul calling her ‘child Labour’ and also used to response when he used to her by that name.

Shaadi Teri Bajayenge Hum Band is scheduled to release on 23rd March, 2018.


STATS | Online Dating Statistics STATS | Online Dating Statistics

Cyber dating facts. What is a cyber relationship? | cyber relationships

Dating sites in meerut

More than 40 percent of the teens said they'd experienced cyber dating abuse within the past three months: For example, we hear that older men are creating profiles to lure younger girls on the news occasionally, but do we ever hear about older women creating profiles to find compatible soul mates?

Telephone interviews were conducted in English and Spanish by landline 1, and cell phone 1, including without a landline phone.

Brian Mustanski, an associate professor with the department of medical social sciences at Northwestern University who studies bullying, noted that almost one in three teens said they were asked to send nude or seminude pictures of themselves.

Evidence has already shown that cyber dating abuse is linked Dating self esteem issues physical, sexual and psychological abuseDick said.

Dating etiquette first date

Until recent years the challenge or test to find a soul mate where they met through mutual friends, work, school, or social situations were few in number as compared to the infinite individuals in cyber space. The usual lies tend to be amongst cyber affairs which generally occur when the truth is not being met by personal information like age, sex, status, and so forth.

Relationships form everyday with new and improved social media because now there are methods to regulate privacy and conduct to protect people.

Are you the dating type quiz

DNA testing companies determine which of the four letters is present at many locations in your genome. She wasn't the first modern human woman or the only woman living at the time; other women from her time also have descendants today.

Gay dating website template

So many shallow people in this world, too many. Traditionally, we see that couples evolve through basic physical attraction.

Online dating services such as Match. A home DNA test might even tell you that you're a little bit Neanderthalwhich is especially common in Caucasian and Asian people. But as research is done on a more diverse range of people, companies are tweaking their analyses to provide more detailed ancestry information to people from all over the world.

Dasgupta says she now sees some physicians ordering full sequences of multiple genes or even whole exomes the protein-coding sequences in the genome for patients.

He has an amazing personality. Neither seems realistic to me. It only tests for four genetic variants, while the pricier kits can include tens of thousands of variants. You can do whatever you want.


May 2014 27

It depends on your goals. Many personal trainers think that performing strength training before cardiovascular exercise will augment the amount of fat used during the cardio workout because the strength training will deplete the muscles’ store of carbohydrates (glycogen). However, strength training is not likely to deplete glycogen stores, because a lot of the workout time is spent resting between sets and exercises. Even if the strength workout were long and intense enough to accomplish this task, exercising in a glycogen-depleted state has many negative consequences, including an increase in acidic compounds produced in response to low carbohydrate levels, low blood insulin, hypoglycemia, increased amino acid (protein) metabolism, increased blood and muscle ammonia and a strong perception of fatigue. Currently, no research shows that strength training immediately before a cardio workout increases the amount of fat used during the cardio workout, or vice versa. Most likely, the intensity of the activity, not the mode of exercise, determines the “fuel”—either fat, carbohydrate or protein—that is used. However, if you strength train first, it is possible that muscle fatigue incurred from the strength training could cause them to decrease the intensity of their subsequent cardio workout, thus leading them to expend fewer calories over the workout as a whole.

If the primary goal is to increase aerobic endurance or lose weight, then you should perform cardiovascular exercise first. If the primary goal is to increase muscular strength, then you should perform strength training first. Basically, in order to get the most out of the workout, you should perform the most important type of exercise when he or she is not fatigued. Because many people want to lose weight and increase muscular strength, alternating the order of the workout during different cycles of training is one way to satisfy both goals.

May 2014 23

flat stomach

Diet and exercise for a flat stomach.

Strength training the abdominals is only half the story. You will get a flat stomach only if they combine strength training with cardiovascular exercise to get rid of the fat. Most individuals do not do nearly enough cardiovascular exercise to decrease their body fat percentage to a point where they would see their abdominals. Even when the aerobic exercise stimulus is adequate, the role of diet must not be underestimated. All people with a flat stomach or six-pack have a very low percentage of body fat.

Abdominal crunches are just as effective as any piece of equipment to train the rectus abdominis muscle, the main muscle in the abdominal region. As you improve your abdominal strength, you can make crunches more demanding by performing them on a movable surface, such as a resistance ball.

May 2014 21

“If I Lift Weights, Will I Get Bigger Muscles?”

Whether or not you will get bigger muscles (hypertrophy) depends on three basic factors: genetics, gender and training intensity. Genetics is mostly manifested as muscle fiber type; people with predominantly fast-twitch fibers acquire larger muscles more easily than people with predominantly slow-twitch fibers. In relation to gender, males acquire larger muscles than females do, because males have greater amounts of testosterone and other sex hormones that influence protein metabolism (Tipton 2001). Thus, females experience less muscle hypertrophy with strength improvement than males do (Lewis et al. 1986). Training intensity is the only factor you can control.

Hypertrophy results from an increase in the number of contractile proteins (actin and myosin, produced by the body in response to training), which in turn increases the size of the muscle fibers.

If the training goal is hypertrophy, the load lifted should be at least 80 percent of the one-repetition maximum (1 RM), as a general guideline (Zatsiorsky 1995). If you’re not interested in developing larger muscles, keep the load less than 80 percent of 1 RM. However, hypertrophy can be stimulated any time the training intensity is high enough to overload the muscle. Thus, in an unfit person who has never lifted weights before, 60 percent of 1 RM may be enough to cause slight hypertrophy, especially if that person is predisposed to hypertrophy by having a large proportion of fast-twitch fibers.

Stay tuned to Fridays post on getting a flat stomach!

May 2014 19

Last week we explored fat and why we get that way. This week we’ll explore how to lose it without losing our minds.

What Is the Best Way to Lose Fat?

Activities that incorporate many muscle groups and are weight bearing use more calories per minute and are therefore better suited for fat loss than non-weight-bearing activities that do not use many muscles.

It is often assumedintervaltraining that low-intensity exercise is best for burning fat. During exercise at a very low intensity, fat does account for most of the energy expenditure, while at a moderate intensity, fat accounts for only about 50 percent of the energy used. However, since the number of calories used per minute is much greater at a moderate to high intensity than at a low intensity, the total number of calories expended during a moderate- to high-intensity workout is greater than it is during a low- intensity workout of the same duration; consequently, the total number of fat calories expended is also greater during the higher-intensity workout. The rate of energy expenditure, rather than simply the percentage of energy expenditure derived from fat, is important in determining the exercise intensity that will use the most fat. Furthermore, endurance-trained individuals rely less on carbohydrates and more on fat as a fuel source during submaximal exercise (Kiens 1997). Thus, the more aerobically trained you become, the more fat you will use during subsequent exercise sessions.

To decrease body fat percentage, you do not necessarily have to use fat during exercise. Much of the fat from adipose tissue (as opposed to intramuscular fat, which is primarily used during exercise) is lost in the hours following exercise. Moreover, the amount of fat lost after a workout depends, in part, on the exercise intensity during the workout. Following high-intensity exercise, the rate of fat oxidation is higher than it is following low-intensity exercise (Mulla et al. 2000; Phelain et al. 1997).

Because you can perform a greater intensity of work if the work is broken up with periods of rest, interval training is a great way to perform high-intensity work and help decrease body fat percentage.

Both strength training and endurance exercise have been shown to decrease body fat percentage. However, aerobic exercise appears to have a greater impact on fat loss than does strength training (Ballor et al. 1996; Dolezal & Potteiger 1998; LeMura et al. 2000). A combination of endurance and strength training results in more fat loss than either exercise regimen alone (Dolezal & Potteiger 1998), possibly because clients who perform both activities spend more time exercising.

Stay tuned for part two on Wednesday!

May 2014 16

Breaking Down Fat

  • pancreas – glucagon
  • pituitary gland – growth hormone
  • pituitary gland – ACTH(adrenocorticotropic hormone)
  • adrenal gland – epinephrine(adrenaline)
  • thyroid gland – thyroid hormone

Losing Weight and Losing Fat

  • Eat a balanced diet – appropriate amounts of carbohydrates, fat and protein
  • Exercise regularly

Now that we know a lot about fat lets start working on better ways to eliminate it!
Stay tuned as we give you tips and advice for slimming down and feeling better.
Special thanks to for the great info.


Láthatatlan könyvtár, Könyvespolc

Poems translated from the Hungarian
by Paul Sohar

Playful lexicon with a dada undertone that emphasizes quality of life over art by using art to focus attention on the absurd behavior of the power structure? Yes, this is Géza Szőcs. Imaginative language with a dusting of the surreal characterizes Liberty, Rats and Sandpaper. Even the title of his book effectively irritates the senses and evokes sarcastic emotions. His sensibility is terrestrial, not sentimentally celestial. Szőcs understands that allowing abstract gods and flawed humans to make important life decisions risks leading civilizations down one garden path or another. Flawed deities are created by flawed humans, and Szőcs recognizes this irony:

Rain can see itself grow through snow
as its mirror-mask in the sod
the way weeds can penetrate
the dentures of a buried god.

He also pulls no punches when it comes to demystifying demagogues:

when you become the u.s. president
and with golden water pistols in your pocket
you play cops-and-robbers by yourself
in the corridors of the white house

Welcome to Liberty, Rats and Sandpaper, an intelligent journey through the psyche of one of Hungary’s most innovative and outspoken poets. This book by Géza Szőcs deserves the international attention that it is finally receiving.

Alan Britt, Poet

poet, writer, journalist and politician, was born in Marosvásárhely, Târgu Mureș (Erdély, Transylvania, part of Romania since 1920), in 1953 into the Hungarian community where he was raised.

He published his first volume of poetry in 1975 (Kriterion Publishing House, Bucharest) while still a student majoring in Hungarian and Russian at the Babeş–Bolyai University in Kolozsvár, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. After graduation in 1978 he worked for a newspaper until 1979 when he studied at the University of Vienna on a Herder Scholarship for a year. Back in Romania his journalistic and literary career was hampered by harassment from the Securitate, the grim secret police, for his underground activities on behalf of his ethnic minority as well as the human rights of the whole Romanian society. Finally in 1986 he was forced into exile in Switzerland until the regime change. Since then he supplemented his writing career with various political and editorial positions in Hungary.

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Informative speech solar power

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informative speech solar power

Read this essay on informative speech nuclear power has gained wide popularity as one of the most efficient alternative your speech about solar energy can be. Category: informative speech title: informative speech: solar flares. Essays - largest database of quality sample essays and research papers on informative speech solar power. Title : solar energy general purpose : to inform specific purpose : to inform my audience about solar energy central idea : what is solar energy, the advantage of.

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Informative speech solar power

Ideas for an essay on renewable energy or alternative energy essay solar power energy ideas for an essay on renewable energy or alternative energy essay. View and download informative speech essays (examples) also discover topics, titles, outlines, thesis statements, and conclusions for your informative speech essay. The ethical obligations for persuasive speakers are even greater than for informative speakers the persuasive use the persuasive speech solar power a it.

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4-H clover 4-H healthy living projects

How do you stay fit and healthy? Learn how to get fit, eat right, stay safe and teaching others how to live healthfully. Healthy living lasts a lifetime!


“Just google it …”

Something I’ve only just recently become aware of is that people don’t know the difference between Google and an internet browser. Now this is a spectacular success for Google (the company) and drives their revenues up a lot, but means that users are potentially missing out on a lot in terms of their internet experience so this short note attempts to address that balance, albeit in a very small way!

How did this come about? Well principally because Google introduced an app for the iPhone and other smartphones and tablets called (unsurprisingly) … Google. It presents in a nice easy to use interface a way of searching for information on the internet – that is how Google started after all, which is how they also managed to corner the term for searching the internet – “just google it”. [You don’t hear many people saying – “just bing it”, or “just yahoo! it” – in fact in the case of the latter they just gave up and decided to use the Google search engine and ditch their own one.] So … at a stroke, new users to digital devices thought that the way to connect to the internet was through their “Google” app.

No, no – there is another way that presents you with so many other possibilities and no, no – you don’t have to restrict yourself to using just Google as your search tool. [In an earlier post I described some experiments with using DuckDuckGo and other search engines and I will return to that subject at another time.] So … what might you use?

Well even using Google’s Chrome browser is better than using the Google app on your smartphone or tablet. It probably uses the same software  “under the hood” based on Google’s Open Source Chromium code base but it does offer the possibility of adding extensions, and allowing the use of alternative search engines.

But what else could you use? On my iOS (Apple mobile devices) I tend to use Apple’s Safari browser. On my desktop/laptop I tend to use Chrome, or Firefox (another Open Source project) from the Mozilla Foundation. Then there’s Microsoft’s Edge – supplied with Windows, or Opera (a lean,  clean browsing machine), or I could be really radical and use something like Brave (and I am) which doesn’t track my browsing history … but I’ll leave that for another day, and for another post.

For today, the message is simple … don’t use the Google app as your main internet browser, just use it if you want to for simple searches. Find a browser you like and use that … and maybe even choose which search engine to use, it doesn’t need to be Google – I’m using Chrome with DuckDuckGo as I write this. You won’t regret making a change to your internet browsing/searching experience – believe me!

How does the Internet work?

Now there’s a question. Once upon a time it was a little easier to answer. You connected your computer with a piece of wire to a socket in the wall and beyond the wall was ?? So perhaps it’s not always been easy to answer that question. It’s not magic, it’s not fluffy, it’s actually really complicated technology which works in a relatively simple way to make things relatively easy for us to use it.

Let’s start with a few videos:

How does the internet work? – This BBC Bitesize page (for children is a really good starting point to help you understand how the internet works) and introduces the terminology you will need to understand the other videos.

How the Internet Works in 5 Minutes – the internet is not a fuzzy cloud. The internet is a wire, actually buried in the ground. Computers connected directly to the internet are called “Servers,” while the computers you and I use are “clients,” because they are not connected directly to the internet, but through an Internet Service Provider. Routers shuttle packets of information across the internet, and transmit e-mail, pictures, and web pages.

How Does the Internet Actually Work? – this discusses how internet traffic can be labelled to ensure that packets of data can arrive at their destination with the minimum amount of disruption. It discusses the role of government in all of this and provides a technical background (from Cisco’s point of view) as to what Net Neutrality should be. For an impartial point of view, you should probably look at the policy documents from the Internet Society and Electronic Frontier Federation.

You might also be interested in seeing a Google Data Centre, in particular the pieces on security and cooling are interesting.

Finally, Andrew Blum (in a TED Global talk) philosophically examines What is the Internet, really? A journey that started for him when he found out a squirrel had chewed through a cable led to him exploring trans-ocean cables and the very physical nature of the internet – a wire!


List of 10-letter words containing

Click to add a seventh letter

Click to remove a letter

Click to change word size

There are 20 ten-letter words containing A, M, N, R, U and Y

ACRONYMOUS-acronymous adj. Pertaining to the use of acronyms.
ANEURYSMAL-aneurysmal adj. Of, pertaining to, or causing aneurysms.
COUNTRYMAN-countryman n. Somebody from a certain country.
countryman n. Somebody from one's own country; a fellow countryman, compatriot.
countryman n. country dweller, especially a follower of country pursuits.
INNUMERACY-innumeracy n. An ignorance of mathematics, or an inability to manipulate numbers.
JOURNEYMAN-journeyman n. a tradesman who has served an apprenticeship and is employed by a master tradesman.
journeyman n. a competent but undistinguished tradesman, especially one who works, and is paid by the day.
journeyman n. (sports) a player who plays on many different teams during the course of his career.
LAUNDRYMAN-laundryman n. A man who is in the business of laundering.
LAUNDRYMEN-laundrymen n. plural of laundryman.
MONAURALLY-monaurally adv. In a monaural fashion.
NURSERYMAN-nurseryman n. A person who rears and sells plants in a nursery.
PARAMOUNCY-Sorry, definition not available.
PARONYMOUS-paronymous adj. (semantics) Having the same root or derivation; conjugate.
paronymous adj. (semantics) Having a similar sound, but different orthography and different meaning.
POULTRYMAN-poultryman n. A male poulterer.
RUMINANTLY-ruminantly adv. In a ruminant manner; by ruminating, or chewing the cud.
SYNANDRIUM-synandrium n. (botany) An androecium of which the anthers have been fused.
UNMANNERLY-unmannerly adj. Not mannerly.
unmannerly adv. In a way that is not mannerly.
UNMARRYING-unmarrying v. present participle of unmarry.
UNMILITARY-unmilitary adj. Not military.
UNMORALITY-unmorality n. (rare) The condition of being unmoral; amorality.
URANOMETRY-uranometry n. (astronomy) a chart or catalogue of fixed stars, especially of stars visible to the naked eye.
ZYGANTRUMS-Sorry, definition not available.

* Definitions are short excerpt from the Wiktionary.

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How to Motivate Without Micromanaging

Hayley Williams Paramore

In an attempt to enhance the performance of their team members, many managers decide to micromanage them. However, if you are always telling people what to do, when to do it and how to do it, you deny them the opportunity to think for themselves and make their own decisions. Your team members will feel controlled and powerless, and some could even begin doubting their competence. As a result, they are likely to withdraw and become disengaged.

Here are some of the ways you can motivate your team members without micromanaging:

See Also: How to Know the Difference Between Effective Management and Micromanagement

1. Make your expectations clear

When you fail to clearly articulate your expectations, you might find yourself micromanaging your team members. Therefore, as often as possible, you need to make your expectations clear to everyone. For instance, if you are leading a sales team, everyone should know what their target for the week is. This can be done either through emails or short briefings. Allow the team members to ask questions if they need anything clarified. In addition, you should evaluate your employees regularly and give personal feedback to each.

2. Hire the right people

If you hire someone who is not competent in their work, you might have to micromanage them in order to get the results you desire. Therefore, to avoid such a situation, be sure to hire the right people. When screening potential employees, you need to gauge their ability to work without supervision. In addition, make sure they have the necessary qualifications and experience for the job at hand. It would also be advisable to get in touch with their references and ask questions regarding their competence.

3. Offer regular training

Quite often, employees fail to perform well in their work due lacking the necessary skills. In such situations, you might have to micromanage them to ensure that the work is done satisfactorily. To avoid this, it would be advisable to carry out regular training to empower your staff. Make sure they are up to date with the latest developments in technology. This will motivate them and greatly enhance their performance.

4. Allow employees to make decisions

One of the best ways of motivating your employees is by giving them the power to make decisions. This way, they are more likely to ‘own’ their work and become more productive. For example, when beginning a new project, you could meet your team members and ask them to make suggestions about how it should be done. When you implement some of their ideas, they will feel motivated and won’t need to be micromanaged.

5. Encourage inter-person accountability

Another great way of motivating your employees without micromanaging them is by making people accountable to each other. For example, you can carry out regular surveys where employees are required to give anonymous feedback on the performance of their colleagues, as well as other departments. This culture of accountability is likely to enhance productivity.

See Also: How to Keep Staff Motivated

Most people don’t work well when their boss is constantly looking over their shoulder. Therefore, it would be advisable to let go of your micromanaging tendencies before you lose your valuable employees.


Hannah & Elle... having a blast. What could be more fun that sun, surf and sea turtles? Th trip was fantastic. Up close and personal with sea turtles, dolphins, gorgeous fish and even a few sharks. We had so much fun. Days of sun, water, and relaxation. We all have such an affinity for water. We'd never want to live anywhere but on the coast. The ocean is always there for us, just like our sisters... there for each other through it all... the joy, the pain, the heartache, the  triumph. Vacations are the best with sisters. What would a trip be without the laughter and love of our sisters... not as crazy and fun that's for sure. Memories we'll cherish forever!


Kyber Network (KNC)

Platform Ethereum
$0.4018 (1.93%)
0.00006000  BTC

Kyber Network KNC Price Predictions and Forecast

Crosslytics uses a wide variety of math and economic models and laws to predict Kyber Network price for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024. We also add different historical market cases to project how quickly people will adapt to Kyber Network day-to-day use.

Our prediction algorithm showed that the price of KNC coin is highly dependant on it’s technical platform Ethereum.

Predictions are recalculated in real time based on dependencies.
KNC is a token, so it aims to fund the further development of company’s product.

The KNC price right now is $0.4018 while a month ago it was $0.5025

Kyber Network price dynamics to Bitcoin shows that KNC has been shrinking during the last month.

To project the future it is helpful to have a look in the past. We added a historical data on public interest around Kyber Network based on Google Search data.

If you are interested in deeper research and using our aggregated historical data around KNC and other currencies to build your own predictions please contact us.

FAQ Section

  • What is Kyber Network price right now?

    The average KNC price between exchanges is $0.4018 ($0.3285 min, $0.5794 max)
  • Why is Kyber Network falling?

    KNC is strongly dependent on a general market situation and the position of its current leaders - Bitcoin and Ethereum
  • Why is Kyber Network going up? How high can it go?

    It is highly dependent on its market adoption speed. You can take a look at our projections, which are based on historical cases of technology adoption
  • Is Kyber Network going down (dropping)? Will it crash?

    Today's price is Ƀ0.00006011, a week ago it was Ƀ0.00005768, a month ago it was Ƀ0.00007667, We can say that KNC price was falling during last month, but now it’srecovering.

Interest by region

Kyber Network Projections based on Technology Adoption Cases

Predictions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
If Kyber Network has the average YoY growth that the Mobile Phone went through $0.40 $0.40 $0.80 $1.00 $1.61 $2.41 $3.21
If Kyber Network has the average YoY growth that Google went through $0.40 $0.61 $0.91 $1.28 $2.10 $3.44 $5.52
If Kyber Network has the average YoY growth that the Internet went through by amount of users $0.40 $0.78 $1.64 $2.77 $4.03 $5.73 $6.55
If Kyber Network grows according to Moore's law $0.40 $0.80 $1.61 $3.21 $6.43 $12.86 $25.71
If Kyber Network has the average YoY growth that Facebook went through $0.40 $0.88 $4.38 $10.96 $25.57 $44.49 $61.73


Directive #4, Guide to Completing a Standards Proposal

Submit proposals to:

Chair, FGDC Standards Working Group
FGDC Secretariat
590 National Center
Reston, VA 20192

The FGDC Standards Working Group will review all proposals to determine their usefulness, timeliness, feasibility of development. Amendments to approved proposals may be submitted at any time during the standards development process.

Proposals shall contain the following information in the following order:

Project Title - Identify the standard being proposed. The title of the standard should be descriptive of the standards project.

Date of Proposal Include the date of submission of the proposal.

Type of Standard Proposed Indicate what type of geospatial data standard is being proposed, as defined in the FGDC Standards Reference Model.

Submitting Organization Include name of the organization advancing the proposal. This organization does not need to be the same as the development group that will produce the standard.

Point of Contact Name of a person who can be contacted for questions or additional information related to the proposal

Objectives Explain the purpose of the standard. Indicate whether the proposal is for the endorsement of an existing standard, creation a new standard, or adaption of existing standard(s).

Scope Describe the bounds of the standard. Clearly state what the standard will include and for what applications shall it be used, as well as what it will not include and to which applications it will not pertain.

Justification/Benefits Describe why the standard is necessary and what problems the standard will address.

Development Approach Recommend an approach to producing the standard. How will the project group go about developing the standard?

Development and Completion Schedule Outline a plan for development and a schedule for completion of the project. Include the anticipated frequency and durations of meetings and a target date for releasing a draft for public review.

Resources Required Identify what human and financial resources will be required to produce the standard.

Potential Participants Identify organizations and individuals that are competent in the subject matter and may have an interest in participating in the development of the standard. Recommend an FGDC subcommittee/working group to lead the standards activity or propose the creation of a new development group.

Related Standards Identify existing standards that are closely related, or any ongoing standards development activities that may affect this project.

Other Targeted Authorization Bodies Indicate whether the standard is targeted for other standards authorizing bodies, such as ANSI or ISO. Recommend whether the development of the standard should take place within the FGDC, or whether the FGDC should act as coordinator in bringing the standard to another standards body for development.

Amendments to approved proposals shall contain the following information:

Project Title "Amendment to (title of proposal being amended)."

Date of Proposal Date of proposal being amended.

Date of Amendment Date of amendment to proposal

Part of proposal being amended Identify the section of the proposal being amended, followed by the revised text.