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20231101.en_13213547_34
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Chōshū Railway 長州鉄道, and Nagato Railway 長門鉄道. Still active as Sanden Kōtsū サンデン交通, a bus operator.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_35
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Iwakuni Electric Tramway 岩国電気軌道, Iwakuni Electric Company 岩国電気, and Chūgai Electric Company 中外電気.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_36
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Sanuki Electric Tramway 讃岐電気軌道, and Kotohira Kyūkō Electric Railway 琴平急行電鉄. Still active as a bus operator.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_37
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Formerly called Chikugo Horsecar 筑後馬車鉄道. The successive bus company was merged into Nishi-Nippon Railroad 西日本鉄道.
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_38
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Kurate Light Railway 鞍手軽便鉄道, Teikoku Coal 帝国炭業, Kyūshū Mining 九州鉱業, and Chikuhō Mining Railway 筑豊鉱業鉄道.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_39
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Kamoto Tramway 鹿本軌道, and Kamoto Railway 鹿本鉄道. Still active as Katetsu Kōtsū 鹿鉄交通, a bus operator.
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_40
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Chikugo Horsecar 筑後馬車鉄道. The successive bus company was merged into Nishi-Nippon Railroad 西日本鉄道.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_41
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Usa Sangū Railway 宇佐参宮鉄道, Kunisaki Railway 国東鉄道, Hijū Railway 日出生鉄道, Hōshū Railway 豊州鉄道, Hōshū Electric Railway 豊州電気鉄道, Hōgo Electric Railway 豊後電気鉄道, Kyūshū Water Power Electric Company 九州水力電気, Beppu Ōita Electric Railway 別府大分電鉄, and Yabakei Railway 耶馬渓鉄道. Still active as a bus operator.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213547_42
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Miyazaki Light Railway 宮崎軽便鉄道, and Miyazaki Railway 宮崎鉄道. Still active as a bus operator.
|
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19
] |
20231101.en_13213547_43
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Nansatsu Railway 南薩鉄道, and Satsunan Chūō Railway 薩南中央鉄道. Still active as a bus operator.
|
[
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8
] |
20231101.en_13213547_44
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20defunct%20railway%20companies%20in%20Japan
|
List of defunct railway companies in Japan
|
Former names include Tamaoki Shōkai 玉置商会, Tōyō Sugar 東洋製糖, and Dai-Nippon Sugar 大日本製糖. Tōyō Sugar is different from the current company with the same name. Dai-Nippon Sugar (the current Dai-Nippon Meiji Sugar 大日本明治製糖) and Daitō Tōgyō are still active in their main businesses, sugar companies.
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
Olivia Borlée (born 10 April 1986 in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert) is a retired Belgian sprinter who specialized in the 200 metres. Her personal best time in the 200 is 22.98 seconds, achieved in July 2006 in Brussels. She has a personal best of 11.39 seconds in the 100 metres. She won a gold medal in the 4x100 m relay at the 2008 Summer Olympics with teammates Hanna Mariën, Élodie Ouédraogo, and Kim Gevaert in a time of 42.54 seconds, which set a new Belgian record.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
Borlée represented Belgium at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She competed at the 4x100 metres relay together with Gevaert, Mariën and Ouédraogo. In their first round heat, they placed first in front of Great Britain, Brazil, and Nigeria. Their time of 42.92 seconds was the third fastest time overall out of sixteen participating nations. With this result, they qualified for the final in which they sprinted to a time of 42.54 seconds and 2nd place behind Russia but in front of Nigeria to take the silver medal, missing out on the gold medal by 0.23 seconds. However, one of the Russian runners, Yuliya Chermoshanskaya, was later found to have used two banned performance-enhancing drugs, resulting in the Russian team's disqualification, thereby promoting Belgium to the gold medal position. Borlée was officially presented with the gold medal eight years later on September 10, 2016.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
Borlée represented Belgium at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. She competed in the 200 metres event. She finished 7th in her heat with a time of 23.53 seconds. She did not qualify for the semifinals. She was the flag bearer for Belgium during the Parade of Nations. She retired after the Rio games.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
After retiring from professional sport, Borlée and Olympic teammate Elodie Ouedraogo teamed up again to found the sustainable sportswear brand 4254, named after their Olympic medal-winning time. The brand won the Emerging Talent of the Year at the 2018 Belgian Fashion Awards.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
The progenitor of the Borlee family is Jacques, bronze medalist at the 1983 European Indoor Championships in Budapest on 200 m, while his first wife Edith Demaertelaere was a good sprinter with a personal best of 23.89. Six of his seven children are athletes (the first five born from the first marriage with Edith, the last two born from a second marriage).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213550_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivia%20Borl%C3%A9e
|
Olivia Borlée
|
The eldest daughter Olivia won the gold medal at the Olympics and the world bronze at the 2007 Osaka World Championships with the 4 × 100 m relay and the other daughter Alizia was also a decent sprinter. The four sons are all 400 m specialists, the twins Jonathan and Kevin, both Olympic finalists in London 2012, Dylan and the youngest Rayane. In addition, Jacques' older brother Jean-Pierre was also a sprinter.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The Mercedes Benz M180 Engine was a single overhead camshaft inline-6 cylinder engine introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show in April 1951 to power the company's new 220 (W187). It was the first engine with a cylinder bore greater than its stroke that Mercedes had installed in a production car, while using a reverse-flow cylinder head .
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
It spawned four variants through 1968, the final and largest being the 2.8 L M130. It was achieved by boring out and stroking the M180's original "over-square" bore × stroke of to , yielding a displacement of .
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
Mercedes also unveiled at the 1951 Frankfurt Motor show a larger 3.0-litre M186 ‘big six’ inline-6 to power its new flagship 300 (W186) Adenauer four-door saloon.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
While sharing many design features such as staggered valve arrangement and rockers running off a single overhead camshaft driven by a duplex cam-chain, the engines were of completely different design with little or no inter-changeability of parts.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The original M180 engine was rated at . It powered the W187 220 sedan, coupé, and cabriolet (Type A and B) from 1951 to 1955, the W180 220a sedan, coupé, and cabriolet from 1954 to 1956 and the W105 219 4-door sedan from 1956 to 1959.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
It also powered the Unimog 404, a military version of the Unimog, which was built from 1955 until 1980.
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The W180 Ponton 220S Sedan, Coupe and Cabriolet of 1956-1959 benefited from the up-rated M180.924 which delivered . In 1958 Bosch mechanical fuel injection was added to the 2.2-litre six and the engine, now giving , was redesignated M127. The M127 was fitted to the last of the Pontons: the rare 1958 W128 220SE, of which fewer than 4000 were produced.
|
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-15
] |
20231101.en_13213559_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
In 1959 the first series of W111 "Fintail" 220SE and 220SEb models was introduced, with the carburetted M180 in the 220b and 220Sb and the M127 used in the 220SEb. The addition of the lower case ‘b’ was added to differentiate the Fintails from the earlier Pontons.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
In 1965 the W111/W112 sedans were superseded by the new W108/109 series 250 and 250S (apart from the W111 230/230S, produced from 1965 to 1968). The M180 was bored by , creating an bore × stroke of and displacement of . All models received the new 2.3 L engine.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The M180's stroke was increased to produce the 2.5 L engine for the new Mercedes-Benz W108 250S and 250SE. A increase resulted in a bore × stroke of and displacement of , carburetted on the 250S and fuel-injected on the 250SE, designated the M129. The M129 was fitted with a mechanically controlled six-piston fuel injection pump. A change from four to seven main bearings was necessary in order smoothly to handle the resulting increase in power. A larger capacity oil pump was also specified. Connecting rods were slightly shortened, reflecting the longer stroke in a block of unchanged overall height. The redesigned cylinder heads incorporated larger ports, and the valve diameters were increased by . On the fuel injected cars a six-plunger pump replaced the previous car's two plunger pump and the injectors were repositioned to give a more direct angle towards the inlet valve heads. The engine cooling fan now had six blades instead of four and incorporated a viscous coupling which activated the fan only when engine speed exceeded 3,000 rpm or the radiator water temperature reached a preset limit.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The engine of the 250 S was called M108 (for W108 chassis) and only the 250 SE engine was designated M129.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
In 1968 the ‘New Generation’ or /8 models were introduced, along with a change to the venerable mid-size six. The M180 engine of the 230/230S was continued in the W114 230 and 230.6, while the M180 of the 250S underwent a few changes and was renamed the M114. This was also available with Bosch D-Jetronic fuel injection, as fitted to the 250CE.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
In 1968 the 2.5L M129 of the 250SE was superseded by the 2.8L M130, the ultimate variant of the mid-sized six, obtained by increasing the bore by . The result was a bore × stroke of ; ), the maximum practical enlargement of the engine given the limitations of the block, which required deletion of water passages between the cylinders. It was used in the W108 280S and 280SE, in the W109 300SEL from December 1967 to January 1970, and in the W113 280SL.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213559_13
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz%20M180%20engine
|
Mercedes-Benz M180 engine
|
The final incarnation of the M180 line of engines was the 2.5L M123, fitted with the notorious Solex four-barrel carburetor in the W123 chassis 250 produced between 1975 and 1985.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Kirti Narayan Chaudhuri (born 8 September 1934) is a historian, author, writer, graphic artist, and lately, a film-maker. He is the second son of the Indian writer Nirad C. Chaudhuri.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Chaudhuri has spent most of his adult life travelling and working in the Middle East, North Africa, South America, and Europe. He is a member of the British Academy and the Academia Europaea. Chaudhuri was ranked Number 58 on The Daily Telegraph's list of the "Top 100 Living Geniuses".
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
He is the author of several historical monographs, over thirty artist's books and the director of twelve feature films.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Chaudhuri was born in Calcutta and spent his childhood in Kolkata and Delhi. In his early life, he was also a pianist and a general musician. He sat for the entrance examination for the University of London and studied history at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University College London, Birkbeck College, and the London School of Economics. His teachers included Arthur Llewellyn Basham, Cyril Philips, William G. Beasley, C. R. Boxer, Bernard Lewis, Eric Hobsbawm, G.J. Renier, Michael Oakeshott, and Karl Popper. In 1959, he was the first undergraduate since Bernard Lewis in 1936 to obtain First Class Honours in Final BA Examinations in History from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Chaudhuri graduated with first-class honours in 1959 and was awarded the Derby Fellowship for Doctoral Research Studies.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Chaudhuri completed his PhD in 1961, in just over two years. His dissertation was on the early history of the English East India Company. He was immediately offered a position at the University of London and became a lecturer, reader, and professor of economic history.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Chaudhuri's first monograph The English East India Company: the Study of an Early Joint Stock Company 1600–1640, was published in 1965, and it is still regarded as one of the seminal works on the history of the East India Company since W.R. Scott published his classic three volume work in 1912. After the publication of the monograph, Chaudhuri began in 1966 a major research project on the later history of the East India Company. It was supported by a substantial research grant from UK Social Science Research Council. British economic historian Sir John Habakkuk, chairman of the SSRC, personally expressed his appreciation and support for Chaudhuri’s still-unproven research and methodology. The research grant enabled Chaudhuri to computerise the vast array of quantitative data on the Company’s transcontinental trade and shipping. The research was published by the Cambridge University Press in 1978 under the title The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company 1660–1760. The Cambridge University Press reprinted the work in 2006. The methodology of the book was based on computerised data processing and rigorous statistical methods and systems analysis. This provided historians with a wide range of reliable statistical data on early modern trade and shipping, and Chaudhuri's conclusions point to the way early modern capitalism and business methods developed in Europe and the Indian Ocean. Economic History Net described the book as one of the most significant works in twentieth century economic history.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
In 1980, the Cambridge University Press commissioned Chaudhuri to write a two-volume work on the history of the Indian Ocean similar in scope and narrative to the work of the French historian Fernand Braudel. Chaudhuri was profoundly influenced by Braudel's approach and remained in close touch with the French historian until the latter's death in 1985. The Cambridge University Press contract led to the publication in 1985 of The Trade and Civilisation in Indian Ocean from the Rise of Islam to 1750 and Asia before Europe in 1990.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Whereas Trade and Civilisation mainly follows the traditional descriptive method of a historian, Asia before Europe is a study, using mathematical set theory, of the dynamic interaction between economic life, society, and civilisation in the regions around and beyond the Indian Ocean during the period from the rise of Islam to 1750. It raises and answers the question how the identity of different Asian civilisations is established in the first place and then goes on to examine the structural features of food habits, clothing, architectural styles, and housing. The analysis of the different modes of economic production is followed by a description of the role of crop raising, pastoral nomadism, industrial activities, and the history of urbanisation for the main regions of the Indian Ocean. The book also presents a distinctive theory of comparative history. An extension of Fernand Braudel's theory of time and space, the methodology sets out precisely the logical foundation of the historical perceptions of unities and disunities, continuities, ruptures, and thresholds. The analysis of the historical evidence leads to the conclusion that Indian Ocean societies were united or separated from one another by a conscious cultural and linguistic identity. Below this surface level of awareness was a deeper structure of unities created by a common ecology, technology of economic production, traditions of government, theory of political obligations rights, and shared historical experience. The theory makes it possible to show that the name or the linguistic sign "Indian Ocean" is an arbitrary construction with a narrow range of meaning: the real Indian Ocean was an area which extended historically from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf to the sea which lies beyond Japan. The "axiom of choice" in mathematical set theory is used to show that even the great deserts of Asia can be included in the "set" Indian Ocean through the logic of dialectical opposition.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Santhi Hejeebu, of the Department of Economics at the University of Iowa, in her general critique of the Trading World of Asia and English East India Company, commented on the use of systems theory to describe the East India Company: “He writes of the Company as a trading system, one in which the decision-rules employed by management can be mapped to a sequence of physical inputs and outputs, suggesting the Company operated like an engine." She noted that the use of systems theory was unusual approach to organisational analysis, though it could still be useful to economic history, particularly when you need to understand the details of a very complex operation. The gargantuan task of synthesising the thousands of volumes of records pertaining to the Company over the period indeed required a coherent approach embedded in a structural model of the Company's various operations.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
“The drawback to systems theory is that it is a static model of the organization and it therefore offers no guidance on how to ask the deeper questions about efficiency or organizational change. Writes Chaudhuri, 'For a model cannot without destroying itself take account of the passage of time which affects its structural boundaries and parameters'. Theories of institutional change are of fundamental concern and those that are not amenable to changes over time appear to have little explanatory power. Thus while useful as an organising heuristic, systems analysis seems rather unlikely to yield insights regarding organizational change.”
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Clive Dewey noted that the Trading World of Asia "represented the work of a lifetime, not only—or even mainly—in the sense that it took a significant proportion of [the author's] working life to write, but in the sense that such a book is only likely to be written once in a lifetime." Ten productive years of archival work (involving English, French, Dutch, and Belgian sources) went into the production of Trading World of Asia.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Dewey goes on to write, “The book influenced numerous literatures within economics and history. Chaudhuri's emphasis on the efficiency of the East India Company resonates in the literature on the origins of the multinational organization and on the character of the English chartered companies. While Chaudhuri used systems theory, others (Anderson et al. 1983 and Carlos and Nicholas, 1988) have employed transactions cost analysis, agency theory, and Chandlerian analysis of firm structure to argue that the East India Company was an organizational innovation on par with a modern multinational firm such as General Motors. They emphasize the efficacy of the firm's internal operations as its main commercial legacy. They de-emphasize the firm's imperial legacy. Other studies by contrast have highlighted the significance of "merchant empires" to European expansion. These works have also drawn on Chaudhuri's insights."
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
On Asia before Europe, Sugata Bose, Gardiner Professor of History at Harvard University, wrote: “Yet it remains an open question whether the recourse to mathematical precision fares much better than a historian’s intuitive presumptions in resolving the problem of the spatial limits of an interregional arena of human interaction.”
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_13
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
In 1991, Chaudhuri was invited to become the first Vasco da Gama Professor of the History of European Expansion at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, with the support of the Portuguese National Commission for Maritime Discoveries. Chaudhuri completed his contract in 1999 and has returned to his earlier activities as a creative writer and an artist.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_14
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Chaudhuri was elected to the British Academy (1990), the Royal Historical Society (1993), and Academia Europaea (1994). The Portuguese government and National Commission for Discoveries awarded him the Don John de Castro Prize in International History (1994).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_15
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
In 1994, Kirti Chaudhuri founded Gallery Schifanoia and its associated imprint house Schifanoia Firenze to exhibit, print, and publish his artistic and literary works along with the works of other artists and writers. The chance purchase of two rare books, the facsimile edition of the Calligraphic Models of Ludovico Degli Arrighi surnamed Vicento (1525) and the Socratic dialogue Crito by Plato, hand printed by Hans Mardersteig in Montagnola in 1926, led Chaudhuri to the idea of founding a printing and publishing enterprise similar to Mardersteig’s Officina Bodoni, which was later transferred to Verona and joined to the letter-press printing house Stamperia Valdonega. The press has published thirty titles so far and further projects are being planned for future publication. The activities of Schifanoia Firenze as a private press and a publishing house belong to the same genre and the tradition created by Ambroise Vollard at the beginning of the twentieth century, a tradition that was actively taken up by other art dealers and art publishers such as Daniel Henry Kahnweiler, Albert Skira, Tériade, and Fabiani.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_16
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Schifanoia Firenze has tried to maintain the standards of bookwork set by Gutenberg, Nicholas Jensen, Aldus Manutius, Claude Garamond, Bodoni, and modern designers such as Jan Tschischold, Hans Mardersteig, Bruce Rogers, and Frederick Warde. The search for fine printing paper led Chaudhuri to the high narrow valley of Pescia in Tuscany where fifteenth-century methods are still being followed in the paper mill of Cartiere Enrico Magnani. The exquisite Japanese Kozo bark paper and the Gampi vellum are used for special reserve copies, which are bound by famous designer binders in full Morocco leather. Some of these examples can be seen at the National Art Library, Victoria; the Albert Museum in London; and in the British Library. Chaudhuri’s graphic work, large prints and photographic images, have been exhibited in Florence, London, and Paris.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_17
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
His artistic work took a new direction with an audio play, Four Nights in Tunis. He wrote and directed the production of the compact disk in June 2007 and it is part of an audio book. The audio play was recorded at the professional sound studio A1 Vox and mastered at Iguana Music Studio, London. The parts were played by Beverley Beer and Andy Rowe. Chaudhuri was the narrator. From 2008 Chaudhuri became actively involved in the direction and production of films and created a completely new genre, a mixture of semiotic films, narration, and fictional documentary. The first film which he directed, produced, and wrote the screen play was released in 2009 under the title The Downfall and the Redemption of Dr John Faustino. This was followed by a two part series entitled In Santuario del Milagro with Jaguar of Chaco as the first part and Dolor de Rosita Valdez as the second. Then came a trilogy in 2011, Night Blooming Flower of the Poison Thicket. In 2013, Chaudhuri produced the trilogy Double Insanity Nostos Algos? Nostalgia?, Guilt from a Night of the Full Moon, and Dr Johannes von Faust. The cinematic and audio creations were produced two by the production studios Schifanoia Films and Centre Polyphony.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_18
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
The English East India Company; the Study of an Early Joint-Stock Company, 1600–1640. London: F. Cass, 1965. Reviewed in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_19
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
The Economic Development of India under the East India Company 1814–58; a Selection of Contemporary Writings. Cambridge [Eng.]: University Press, 1971. Reviewed in The Journal of Asian Studies
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company, 1660–1760. Cambridge [Eng.]; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1978. Reviewed in The Economic Journal
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
With Dewey, Clive (eds), Economy and Society: Essays in Indian Economic and Social History. Delhi; New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Reviewed in The Journal of Asian Studies
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213572_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirti%20N.%20Chaudhuri
|
Kirti N. Chaudhuri
|
Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213575_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertford%20Lock
|
Hertford Lock
|
Hertford Lock (No1) is a lock situated on the River Lea on the eastern side of Hartham Common, Hertford in the English county of Hertfordshire. It is owned and managed by Canal & River Trust and is the first lock of the River Lee Navigation.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
The 2002–03 Euroleague was the third season of the professional basketball competition for elite clubs throughout Europe, organised by Euroleague Basketball Company, and it was the 46th season of the premier competition for European men's clubs overall. The 2002–03 season featured 24 competing teams from 13 countries. The final of the competition was held in Palau Sant Jordi, Barcelona, Spain, with hosts FC Barcelona defeating Benetton Treviso 76-65.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
The labels in the parentheses show how each team qualified for the place of its starting round (TH: EuroLeague title holders)
|
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0
] |
20231101.en_13213577_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
The first phase was a regular season, in which the competing teams were drawn into three groups, each containing eight teams. Each team played every other team in its group at home and away, resulting in 14 games for each team in the first stage. The top 5 teams in each group and the best sixth-placed team advanced to the next round. The complete list of tiebreakers was provided in the lead-in to the Regular Season results.
|
[
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5
] |
20231101.en_13213577_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
If one or more clubs were level on won-lost record, tiebreakers were applied in the following order:
|
[
-31,
-11,
-16,
17,
-20,
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4,
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5,
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
Overall point difference in all group matches (first tiebreaker if tied clubs were not in the same group)
|
[
-36,
-3,
-30,
19,
-26,
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-16,
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23,
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27,
57,
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3,
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27,
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28,
25,
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31,
35,
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50,
47,
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18,
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35,
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12,
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30,
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43,
5,
34,
25,
47,
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31,
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15,
9,
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9,
2,
7,
35,
38,
37,
17,
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15,
7,
16,
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9,
13,
11,
33,
4,
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44,
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48,
24,
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5,
35,
5,
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14,
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30,
19,
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25,
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11,
48,
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10,
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17,
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8,
38,
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4,
8,
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7,
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18,
17,
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13,
41,
28,
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1,
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4,
40,
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39,
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1,
26,
44,
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37,
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3,
40,
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6,
-7,
-23,
-43,
21,
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4,
41,
22,
58,
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25,
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7,
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24,
17,
5,
2,
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4,
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1,
35,
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63,
27,
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30,
32,
22,
2,
20,
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28,
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33,
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35,
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39,
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20,
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23,
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38,
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10,
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38,
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19,
26,
57,
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30,
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50,
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61,
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25,
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35,
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36,
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28,
24,
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16,
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20,
4,
34,
9,
68,
1,
6,
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28,
58,
10,
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23,
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29,
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18,
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18,
37,
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7,
30,
42,
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27,
31,
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61,
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2,
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44,
5,
27,
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14,
-22,
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50,
53,
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4,
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26,
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37,
14,
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50,
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12,
18,
34,
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4,
8,
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16,
-39,
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8,
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9,
21,
68,
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4,
2,
17,
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5,
17,
8,
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18,
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59,
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20,
15,
19,
40,
10,
-24,
13,
-17,
31,
1,
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
The surviving teams were divided into four groups of four teams each, and again a round robin system was adopted, resulting in 6 games each, with the top team advancing to the Final Four. Tiebreakers were identical to those used in the Regular Season.
|
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6
] |
20231101.en_13213577_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
The Final Four was played from 9 May until 11 May 2003 and was held in the Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
On 2 October 2002 Euroleague All-Star Team led by Tyus Edney defeated Real Madrid in exhibition game 91-85.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
Real Madrid (22+15+21+27): Michael Hawkins 2, Alberto Herreros 16, Angulo 7, Derrick Alston 6, Hernández-Sonseca 11; Digbeu 14, Dragan Tarlac 16, Victoriano 13, Macej Lampe, Nadeau.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213577_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%E2%80%9303%20Euroleague
|
2002–03 Euroleague
|
Euroliga Stars(21+23+14+33): Tyus Edney 16, McDonald 9, Alvertis 2, Turkcan 2, Nicola 8; Kakiouzis 18, Luis Scola 8, Gregor Fucka 11, Navarro 3, Shelef 2, Vujcic 12, Weis; Coach: Zeljko Obradovic.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213583_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Rottoli
|
Alessandro Rottoli
|
Alessandro Rottoli (born 27 February 1981 in Bergamo) is an Italian professional footballer, who currently plays for U.S. Mapello Calcio.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213583_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Rottoli
|
Alessandro Rottoli
|
The defender played during his career in the Primavera team from Inter Milan, Alzano Virescit, US Cisanese, FBC Derthona 1908, A.C. Merate, Unione Sportiva Olginatese, F.C.D. Lottogiaveno, A.C. Voghera, S.S. Tritium 1908 and in Estonia for Levadia Maardu.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213601_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0koda%2013%20T
|
Škoda 13 T
|
The Škoda 13 T (also Škoda Elektra) is a five carbody section low-floor uni-directional tram, developed by Škoda Transportation for the Brno tram system.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213601_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0koda%2013%20T
|
Škoda 13 T
|
The vehicle's front was designed by Porsche Design Group. The 13 T has six axles, and the low-floor area represents 48% of the entire vehicle floor. It is based on the Škoda 14 T. While 14 T has a front door leading to the driver's cabin only, in 13 T the front door leads to the passenger compartment.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213601_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0koda%2013%20T
|
Škoda 13 T
|
The vehicles delivered from late 2010 differ from the preceding ones in array of passenger seats – while the initial trams have the seats in high-floor sections sideways to the driving direction (so the passengers face each other with a passage in between the lines of seats), the newer trams have the seats located in the driving direction.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213601_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0koda%2013%20T
|
Škoda 13 T
|
Related "Elektra" models: 14 T (Prague), 16 T (Wroclaw uni-directional), 19 T (Wroclaw bi-directional)
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213606_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuriy%20Fenin
|
Yuriy Fenin
|
Yuriy Fenin (born 28 March 1977) is a Ukrainian professional football forward who most recently played for various clubs in Estonian lower leagues.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213606_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuriy%20Fenin
|
Yuriy Fenin
|
Fenin began his playing career with SC Tavriya Simferopol in the Ukrainian Premier League. He held the record in Ukraine for being the youngest professional player of the Ukrainian Premier League when at the age of 15 years and 221 days played for Tavriya Simferopol against FC Zorya-MALS Luhansk, before the record was beaten by Kyrylo Dihtyar from Metalist Kharkiv in 2023.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213611_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menter%20Iaith
|
Menter Iaith
|
Menter Iaith (plural: Mentrau Iaith, English: Language Initiative) is a community-based organisation which works to raise the profile of the Welsh language in a specific area. Each local Menter Iaith receives a basic grant from the Welsh Language Board, as well as financial support from a number of other sources, to work with individuals, organisations, and local business to promote the use of Welsh in its area.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213611_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menter%20Iaith
|
Menter Iaith
|
The first Menter Iaith to be established was Menter Cwm Gwendraeth in 1991. Normally a Menter Iaith will operate in an area defined by the local authorities of Wales, with the exception of Carmarthenshire and Powys, which each have a number of smaller Mentrau Iaith operating on a local level. In total, there are 24 organisations in existence.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213611_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menter%20Iaith
|
Menter Iaith
|
In 2008, a Menter Iaith was established in Patagonia, in association with the Urdd, British Council Wales, and support from private businesses.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213611_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menter%20Iaith
|
Menter Iaith
|
Mentrau Iaith Cymru is an umbrella organisation which provides a platform for the Mentrau to share information and ideas.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213612_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Catholic%20Diocese%20of%20Kalemie%E2%80%93Kirungu
|
Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalemie–Kirungu
|
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalemie–Kirungu () is a diocese located in the city of Kalemie–Kirungu in the Ecclesiastical province of Lubumbashi in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213612_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Catholic%20Diocese%20of%20Kalemie%E2%80%93Kirungu
|
Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalemie–Kirungu
|
11 January 1887: Established as Apostolic Vicariate of Upper Congo from the Apostolic Vicariate of Tanganyika in Tanzania
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The Clean Cities Coalition Network is a coordinated group of nearly 100 coalitions in the United States working in communities across the country to advance affordable, domestic transportation fuels, energy efficient mobility systems, and other fuel-saving technologies and practices.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The State of Indiana contains two designated Clean Cities coalitions: Greater Indiana Clean Cities and South Shore Clean Cities. Greater Indiana Clean Cities serves the following Indiana counties: Adams, Allen, Bartholomew, Blackford, Boone, Brown, Carroll, Cass, Clark, Clay, Clinton, Crawford, Daviess, Dearborn, Decatur, Delaware, Dubois, Fayette, Floyd, Fountain, Franklin, Gibson, Grant, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Harrison, Hendricks, Henry, Howard, Huntington, Jackson, Jay, Jefferson, Jennings, Johnson, Knox, Lawrence, Madison, Marion, Martin, Miami, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Ohio, Orange, Owen, Parke, Perry, Pike, Posey, Putnam, Randolph, Ripley, Rush, Scott, Shelby, Spencer, Sullivan, Switzerland, Tippecanoe, Tipton, Union, Vanderburgh, Vermillion, Vigo, Wabash, Warren, Warrick, Washington, Wayne, Wells, White.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Indiana Soybean Alliance and Indiana Corn Marketing Council find a successful relationship in Greater Indiana
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
South Shore Clean Cities serves northern Indiana: the eighteen counties, Benton, DeKalb, Elkhart, Fulton, Jasper, Kosciusko, LaGrange, Lake, LaPorte, Marshall, Newton, Noble, Porter, Pulaski, St. Joseph, Starke, Steuben and Whitley.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority. Better known as simply "Metro," the authority provides transit services to the metropolitan area in and around Washington, D.C. The authority has a fleet of 1,500 buses, including 74 hybrid electric buses and Metro plans to have nearly 500 more hybrid-electric buses by 2012. Vice Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley, who last year committed to convert the entire Maryland Transit Administration bus fleet to hybrid-electric buses by 2014. Maryland has already accelerated its purchase of hybrid-electric buses with the help of Recovery Act funds (Clean Cities).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The state of Tennessee has two designated Clean Cities coalitions: the East Tennessee Clean Fuels Coalition and the Middle-West Tennessee Clean Fuels Coalition. They sometimes operate under the shared name "Tennessee Clean Fuels". Both were designated in 2004, and collectively serve the entire state.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Many fleets in Tennessee use alternative fuels like the Great Smoky Mountains National Park; cities like Knoxville, Nashville, Sevierville and Kingsport; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; utilities and airports; mass transit agencies; and large international companies like UPS and Waste Management.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The East Tennessee coalition - ETCleanFuels - has started numerous projects and initiatives over the years. Here are a few examples:
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The Fuels Fix is website and monthly email service that is "Clean Cities stories and alternative fuel news." Each month, other Clean Cities coalitions from around the country provide articles and then those articles are sent to email subscribers.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The I-75 Green Corridor Project was a project that ETCleanFuels led from 2009-2015 that installed 40 biofuel pumps along I-75 to build it into "the longest biofuels corridor on the planet." Both ethanol E-85 and biodiesel B-20 pumps were installed during the project.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Tennessee Green Fleets is a fleet certification program that offers fleets or any type that are reducing their petroleum use and increasingly using alternative fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions a way to get recognized for their efforts. Fleets have to meet criteria and submit data to get certified.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Drive Electric Tennessee, or DriveElectricTN, is a statewide program that is a collaboration of many partners in Tennessee including Tennessee Valley Authority, the TDEC Office of Energy Programs, and many other stakeholders. The partnership has developed an "EV Roadmap" for the state and as of 2020 is building out working groups that will tackle issues like awareness, infrastructure, policies and programs, and innovation to help drive electric vehicle (EV) adoption across the state.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The state of Wisconsin has one Clean City coalition designated in 1994 called Wisconsin Clean Cities.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_13
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Empire Clean Cities is the Clean Cities coalition for New York City & the Lower Hudson Valley (Westchester, Rockland, & Putnam Counties). ECC was incorporated in 2007 and was formerly known as New York City & Lower Hudson Valley Clean Cities.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_14
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
On 2009 Earth Day, Vice President Joe Biden announced the availability of $300 million in funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act for state and local governments and transit authorities to expand the nation's fleet of clean, sustainable vehicles and the fueling infrastructure necessary to support them. The Clean Cities Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles Pilot Program supported 25 cost-share projects involving alternative fuels or advanced vehicles in collaboration with 50 Clean Cities coalitions and 700 stakeholders who provided an additional $500 million in matching funds. Eligible technologies included a number of different light- and heavy-duty vehicles, including hybrid, plug-in hybrid electric, hydraulic hybrid, electric, fuel cell, and compressed natural gas vehicles. In addition, projects supported refueling infrastructure for alternative fuels, including biofuels and natural gas. Other efforts eligible for funds included public awareness campaigns and training programs on alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles and infrastructure. The program required a 50% cost share from participants.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_15
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
These projects established 1,380 alternative fueling stations and put more than 9,000 alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles on the road while supporting U.S. energy independence and contributing to regional economic development. The Clean Cities Coalition Network compiled a report, Designing a Successful Transportation Project: Lessons Learned from the Clean Cities American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Projects, summarizing high-level project design and administrative considerations for conducting a successful transportation project.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_16
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
In 2009, the California Cars Initiative stated that the Clean Cities American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Project Awards included a scattering of funding for electrification and charging stations, but most of it was for carbon-based liquid fuels or non-pluggable hybrids. Clean Cities federal funding in 2010-2011 was set up with a majority of the funding favoring plug-in EVs and HEVs. However, the amount of funding and focus of that funding ebbs and flows between the alternative fuels over time due to advances in technology and interest in those fuels. CNG and propane were more popular in the early 2000s, the biofuels ethanol and biodiesel took center stage in the mid-2000s.
|
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35,
-25
] |
20231101.en_13213621_17
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
The U.S. Department of Energy has awarded nearly $460 million through its funding opportunities for hundreds of projects across the country to implement alternative fuels and energy-efficient vehicle technologies. These awards leveraged almost $1.2 billion more in matching funds and in-kind contributions from the private and public sector. These project awards contribute to advancing affordable, domestic transportation fuels and fuel-saving technologies and practices.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213621_18
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean%20Cities%20Coalition%20Network
|
Clean Cities Coalition Network
|
Implementing living lab projects that demonstrate and assess new mobility solutions that maximize the return on investment to mobility systems in terms of time, cost, energy, and opportunity.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213626_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanna%20Mari%C3%ABn
|
Hanna Mariën
|
Hanna Emilie Mariën (born 16 May 1982) is a Belgian retired athlete and bobsledder. As a sprinter, Mariën specialized in the 200 metres and won gold in the relay at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Mariën later became a bobsleigher, competing for Belgium at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213626_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanna%20Mari%C3%ABn
|
Hanna Mariën
|
Mariën reached the semi-final at the 2006 European Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2007 Summer Universiade. At the 2007 World Championships she won a bronze medal in the relay, together with teammates Olivia Borlée, Élodie Ouédraogo and Kim Gevaert. With 42.75 seconds the team set a new Belgian record.
|
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] |
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