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20231101.en_13213766_19
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
During the Albanian revolt of 1911 on 23 June Albanian tribesmen and other revolutionaries gathered in Montenegro and drafted the Greçë Memorandum demanding Albanian sociopolitical and linguistic rights with four of the signatories being from Shkreli. In later negotiations with the Ottomans, an amnesty was granted to the tribesmen with promises by the government to build one to two primary schools in the nahiye of Shkreli and pay the wages of teachers allocated to them.
|
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20231101.en_13213766_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Before converting to Islam in the 18th century, most of the Kosovo part of tribe professed Catholicism. The descendants of this tribe in Kosovo have also maintained the Albanian language as their mother tongue. A majority of the Shkreli tribe is Catholic, speaks Albanian and they live in Albania (Shkrel-Shkodër-Lezha-Velipoj) and Montenegro (Ulcinj). The Tribes Patron Saint is St. Nicholas and feast day is celebrated on May 9.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
During history parts of the tribe emigrated from Albania to different locations: the Montenegro seaside, to Sandžak and to the Rugova highlands (located in northwestern Kosovo near Pejë). Some of the Rugova Shkrelis moved to the territory of Rožaje and Tutin in 1700, after the Great Serb Migration.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
They founded the village named Škrijelje as they continued residing in Sandžak, by appropriating the yat vowel from the Slavic languages, the surname deviated from Shkreli to Škrijelj. Later in the century they populated the Lower Pešter region and the city of Novi Pazar. Shkrelis continued to migrate from Rugova to the territory of Pešter until the 19th century.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_23
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
The vast majority of Shkreli were assimilated by the Slavic population in the Sandžak region. However, in the villages of Boroshtica, Ugëll, Doli and Gradac at the Upper Peshter plateau, they managed to maintain the original Albanian language until today.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_24
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Some of the Shkrelis also migrated to Ulqin and its surrounding villages on the coast and along the Buna river. The Shkrelis of Ulqin are all Albanian and Roman Catholic. Here, they all have the surnames Shkreli, Shkrela, Shkrelja, Skrela, and Skrelja. Those from the Ulqin Shkrelis have always and still maintain close relations with Albania’s Shkrelis and have always intermarried despite living on opposite borders and are still part of the same Bajrak. After the Second World War and especially with the beginning of the Yugoslav Wars, they began migrating to Western Europe, the United States, and Australia.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_25
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Most of the Shkrelis that are from Albania proper do not carry Shkreli as a surname. It is only the ones that emigrated from the mountains that carry Shkreli as surnames.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_26
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Montenegro: Bar, Petnjica Municipality (also in the village of Dašča Rijeka, Javorovo and Murovac), Bijelo Polje (also in the village of Ćosoviće), Herceg Novi, Nikšić, Podgorica, Rožaje, Tivat and Ulcinj and surrounding villages.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_27
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Serbia: Belgrade, Novi Pazar (also in the villages of Požega and Rajčinoviće), Sjenica (also in the villages of Bioc, Kamešnica, Međugor and Ugao), Temerin and Tutin (also in the villages of Boroštica, Crnoča, Gradac, Ljeskova, Naboje, Šaronje and Škrijelje).
|
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32
] |
20231101.en_13213766_28
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
North Macedonia: Skopje (also in the villages of Batinci, Dračevo, Indžikovo, Ljuboš, Ljubin, Kjojlija, Konjare, Petrovec, Ržaničino), Veles (also in the villages of Crkvino and Gradsko), Prilep (also in the villages of Desovo, Lažani and Žitoše) and Tetovo
|
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-3
] |
20231101.en_13213766_29
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Turkey: Istanbul, Ankara , Izmit, Izmir , Eskişehir and Sakarya (their surnames are changed into Şenyel, Albayrak, Bayrak, Büyükbayrak, Esen (Šemsović), Sancak, Yener and Yenibayrak).
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_30
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Western Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland.
|
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31
] |
20231101.en_13213766_31
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
United States: New York City (especially in the Bronx. Westchester county, Putnam county, Brooklyn), Detroit and its surrounding suburbs.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213766_32
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkreli%20%28tribe%29
|
Shkreli (tribe)
|
Martin Shkreli - an American businessman, former hedge fund manager, and convicted felon of Albanian origin.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
Groudle, or Groudle Glen, a glen on the outskirts of Onchan on the Isle of Man, is formed in a valley leading to the sea at the small port of the same name. It is one of the officially-listed Manx National Glens.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
Groudle was a remote hamlet boasting only a handful of small cottages until linked to the Manx Electric Railway in 1893, at which time it was developed as a tourist attraction. Originally billed as "The Fern Land Of Mona!", the glen was further improved in the late 19th century by the planting of many different types of tree. Whereas most glens are formed naturally, it was a conscious effort by the owners to provide part of the attraction to the Victorian visitor by being able to inspect a wide variety of trees, something which is still evident today. At the beach there were bowling and croquet greens, a mill, crofters' cottages and a bridge accessing the Howstrake Holiday Camp which was on the adjacent headland. At the point where the pack-horse road (now a footpath) crosses the railway line there is an old lime kiln from which the intermediate railway station also takes its name.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
About 60 yards below the "Little Isabella" wheel, still visible, is the ruin of the base of the refreshment kiosk, just across the stream by the old bandstand,(rebuilt on the site, but much smaller). In the 1920s this kiosk was run by Mona May Cannell (née Grose, in those days), of Laxey old village; she travelled to and from Laxey via the tram from South Cape each day.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
At the outer reaches of the glen a small cove was dammed off and a zoo built featuring sea lions and polar bears in 1893 and the remains of this remarkable construction remain in situ today as a testament to the incredible feat of engineering. To serve the zoo, in 1896 the Groudle Glen Railway was constructed over a three-quarter-mile length from the depths of the glen onto the headland. This resulted in the outer station being named "Sea Lion Rocks", a name it still carries today. Described since as the "Alton Towers of its day", the glen featured many attractions for the discerning Victorian visitor, from a dance floor and bandstand, to fortune tellers, many stalls, a playground, water wheel (known as the "Little Isabella", a reference to the world-famous Laxey Wheel which is a short distance away) and the narrow gauge railway. As trends changed, so did the fortunes of the glen and it never really recovered after World War II, with the railway being the sole surviving attraction. The line closed in 1962 and the glen returned to a tranquil footpath for the next twenty years, at which point the railway was restored by volunteers.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
The glen itself runs from the Whitebridge in Onchan to the sea at Port Groudle and is still open to the public today, although the majority of the attractions, save for the restored railway, have all but disappeared. The water wheel is extant and the old dance floor was replaced in 1993 with a new bandstand structure. The glen has the only natural canyon on the island, the "Lhen Coan", which is Manx Gaelic for "Lonely Valley" (sometimes rendered inaccurately as "Lovely Glen", "Lonely Glen", Lovely Valley" etc.). In the lower (seaward) section of the glen, which is now in private ownership, were lily ponds that the accessed by the public by a series of winding boarded walkways. Having fallen into disrepair for many years the ponds were substantially refurbished by the Manx Heritage Trust in 1986 which was deemed to be "Heritage Year" on the island, but since this time the maintenance has not been kept up and the ponds are not easily accessible. The railway still operates in the summer months and now has a visitors centre nearby to the old zoo with tea rooms.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213778_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groudle%20Glen
|
Groudle Glen
|
In 2020 the 'Little Isabella' waterwheel and its wheelhouse were restored back to working condition thanks to the intervention of mining engineering firm MMD, in memory of their founders.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213785_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph%20Heyder
|
Christoph Heyder
|
Christoph Heyder (born 3 June 1974 in Suhl) is a German bobsledder who has competed since 1997. He won a silver medal in the four-man event at the 2004 FIBT World Championships in Königssee.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
The Honda NSR500V is a race motorcycle from the Honda NSR series. It was designed and manufactured by HRC and debuted in 1996 for the Grand Prix motorcycle racing's 500 cc class. The bike was conceived by Honda to be a viable machine for privateer teams to enter the class.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
The V-twin water-cooled two-stroke used the same crankcase reed-valve induction as the Honda NSR500 V4. The 100-degree V2 also used a single crankshaft, a feature common to all of Honda's GP race bikes of the time. Weighing in at 103 kg, it produced a claimed when running on hi-octane avgas. Although it made less power than its V4 counterpart (some 40-50 hp less), it was lighter, easier to ride and better handling. At many circuits it was capable of lapping just as fast as a V4, given a clear track. Its main strength was being able to carry a higher corner speed than the V4. However its weakness became apparent in traffic. If the V2 lost its momentum through the corner, a V4 was able to use its better acceleration and power to pull away. It was nevertheless to fulfil its purpose of being a competitive and realistic machine for private teams.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
Initially Honda ran two fully works-supported bikes in 1996 as part of the established Repsol squad, the bikes being ridden by Tadayuki Okada and Shinichi Itoh. The machine made an immediate impact with Okada securing pole position for its maiden race in 1996, in Malaysia. Okada was to bring the new bike home in the Top 5 on six occasions, its best finish being a 2nd at the final race in Australia. When the Grand Prix season had finished, Honda also entered the V2 in the MFJ Grand Prix Superbike Race which pitted most of the top Grand Prix teams against each other in a one-off race at Sugo. Okada won the event on the V2, ahead of the established V4s from Honda, Suzuki and Yamaha.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
Honda continued to develop the V2 over the winter of 1996 and again entered the V2 as a works machine in 1997, this time piloted by Takuma Aoki. The bike proved competitive scoring seven Top 5 placings, its best being 2nd in Australia. The V2 was also sold to private teams, among them the newly formed Gresini Racing Team with rider Alex Barros who got onto the podium at Donington and finished the season 9th (ahead of six factory V4 bikes).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
Over the course of 1998 and 1999, Sete Gibernau, who replaced the injured Takuma Aoki rode the official V2 and reached the podium on two more occasions. More private teams had also purchased V2 machines and by 2000, the machine had become a realistic option for privateers to compete in the category, with the bikes being consistently able to finish in the points. In 2000 Jurgen van den Goorbergh won Best Privateer, with Haruchika Aoki winning the same award the following year – both on board NSR500Vs.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
The introduction of rules allowing four-stroke machines to enter the class in 2002 effectively put an end to the competitiveness of the two-stroke V2 as even the two-stroke V4 machines quickly became obsolete.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
Only 22 NSR500v motorcycles were produced by Honda Racing Corporation. There were 20 NSR500v motorcycles produced from 1996 to 2000. The NSR500v engine suffered from a fragile transmission. For the 2001 season Honda Racing Corporation updated the engine with a new crankcase set and transmission. In 2001 Honda Racing Corporation produced 2 NSR500v motorcycles which were raced by the Shell Advance Team. Several 2001 updated engines were sold to other NSR500v teams.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213796_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20NSR500V
|
Honda NSR500V
|
Unlike the NSR500V4s which were merely leased out to teams, the V2s were sold to teams, many of whom later sold them outside the Grand Prix arena. Some were campaigned in National races while many ended up in private motorcycle collections.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213797_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johanna%20Kedzierski
|
Johanna Kedzierski
|
Johanna Kedzierski (born 10 June 1984 in Wejherowo, Poland) is a German sprinter who specializes in the 200 metres.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213797_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johanna%20Kedzierski
|
Johanna Kedzierski
|
At the 2007 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay she finished seventh together with teammates Katja Wakan, Cathleen Tschirch and Verena Sailer. She won a relay silver medal at the 2005 European Athletics Junior Championships.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213797_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johanna%20Kedzierski
|
Johanna Kedzierski
|
Her personal best time over 200 metres is 23.47 seconds, set at the 2007 German Athletics Championships in Erfurt. She has 11.66 seconds in the 100 metres.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213804_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhen%20Coan
|
Lhen Coan
|
is the only natural canyon on the Isle of Man situated in Groudle Glen on the outskirts of Onchan. It is also the name of the nearby station on the Groudle Glen Railway. In the Victorian era the canyon was accessed by rustic timber walkways, which have been removed but the canyon is clearly discernible from the main path, and is crossed by a footbridge at the approach to the railway's main station.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213821_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practice-based%20commissioning
|
Practice-based commissioning
|
Practice-Based Commissioning (PBC) was a United Kingdom Department of Health initiative introduced in 2005 to improve primary care services by enabling healthcare professionals to decide how services are funded to meet the needs of the local population. PBC was designed to give healthcare staff, usually general medical practitioners (GPs), the resources and support to become directly involved in decisions on commissioning health services.
|
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28
] |
20231101.en_13213821_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practice-based%20commissioning
|
Practice-based commissioning
|
Policymakers wanted PBC to lead to high-quality services for patients in local and convenient settings. The incentive for GP involvement was that their practices could retain a proportion of any savings they made to invest in their own practices. In this respect, it was seen as a new Labour policy successor to the early 1990s Conservative policy of GP fundholding.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213821_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practice-based%20commissioning
|
Practice-based commissioning
|
Lord Warner, former Labour Minister of State for Health, described the benefits of PBC as: "If there is an alternative that is better for the patient and better for the NHS, then practice-based commissioning provides the basis on which they can change the way that services are delivered."
|
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38,
-1
] |
20231101.en_13213821_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practice-based%20commissioning
|
Practice-based commissioning
|
The government intended GP practices to be supported by the PCTs (primary care trusts) to buy in ("commission") services for their patients based on cost and quality of care. This process was expected to generate financial savings of which 7/10ths may be retained by the practice for further investment while the remainder is passed back to the PCT.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213821_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practice-based%20commissioning
|
Practice-based commissioning
|
Two years after the initiative was introduced, both doctors and primary care trusts were struggling to understand how to implement the scheme. By 2010, GP practices were forming coalitions known as consortia, in order to commission services at the necessary scale and efficiency. While this process was initially voluntary, eventually practices were ordered to become part of commissioning groups as part of the Health and Social Care Act 2012.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
Martin Steven Fridson (born September 4, 1952, in Highland Park, Michigan) is an American author known for his application of rigorous financial theory to the field of high yield bonds. He is also a philanthropist and an author in the subjects of financial reporting, financial history, and political economy. Fridson has been referred to as the "dean of high yield debt." He is currently chief investment officer of Lehmann, Livian, Fridson Advisors LLC, an investment firm based in New York, and publisher of Income Securities Investor newsletter. He lives on Manhattan's Upper West Side with his wife, Elaine Sisman.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
Fridson earned a B.A. cum laude in history from Harvard University in 1974, and as a result of gaining entrepreneurial work experience with Southwestern Advantage selling books door-to-door during college, was able to attend Harvard Business School the following semester, eventually graduating in 1976 with an MBA. He was also awarded the Chartered Financial Analyst designation in 1982.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
Fridson interviewed with Mitchell Hutchins and accepted a position as an electric utility bond trader in 1976. After Mitchell Hutchins was acquired by Paine Webber in 1977 he left with his trading group to Scandinavian Securities, where he worked ultimately as an assistant vice president. In 1980 he went to Paine Webber's Jackon Curtis arm as a vice president in credit research and fixed income investment strategy. In 1981 he joined Salomon Brothers as a vice president focusing primarily in credit research continuing to take a high interest in the high yield debt world. At this time, high yield debt came into the sights of institutional investors as a portfolio enhancing investment and there was a great demand for quality research in the field. According to Fridson, much of the high yield analysis at the time was indistinguishable from advocacy. Realizing the opportunity for this kind of research he left for Morgan Stanley in 1984, where he began to challenge market lore and accepted practices by using statistical and econometric techniques, leading to many active trading strategies. Here he became a principal before leaving for Merrill Lynch in 1989, where he was director of high yield strategy until 2002. His contributions to the field of high yield debt at Merrill came from applying econometric techniques to active portfolio management strategies. While at Merrill he also documented a definitive history of the high yield debt market, which as Fridson says, "was shrouded in myth." In 2002, he left Merrill to found his own firm, FridsonVision LLC. In May 2008, Fridson sold Leverage World and Distressed Debt Investor, the two primary research products of FridsonVision, and became the CEO of Fridson Investment Advisors, an investment management company focusing on corporate credit opportunities. Following that firm's acquisition by BNP Paribas, he served as global credit strategist in the bank's asset management subsidiary. In August 2012 he resumed operations under the FridsonVision LLC banner.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
Fridson has also been a consultant to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors since the Clinton Administration.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
He has been a guest lecturer at the graduate business schools of Babson College, Columbia University, Dartmouth College, Duke University, Fordham University, Georgetown University, Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Rutgers University and the Wharton School of Business, as well as the Amsterdam Institute of Finance. He has served as president of the Fixed Income Analysts Society, governor of the Association for Investment Management and Research (now the CFA Institute), and director of the New York Society of Security Analysts. Currently, Fridson serves on the editorial boards of Financial Analysts Journal, CFA Digest, and Journal of Investment Management.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
In 2000, he became the youngest person ever inducted into the Fixed Income Analysts Society Hall of Fame.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
In 2002, the Financial Management Association International named Fridson the Financial Executive of the Year.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
For nine consecutive years through 2002, participants in the Institutional Investor All-America research survey ranked Fridson number-one in his category. The magazine's editors dubbed him "the dean of the high yield bond market."
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
"Perhaps the most well-known figure in the high yield world," according to Investment Dealers' Digest.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
"No one brings more insight or a better reputation for integrity to the junk-bond market than Marty Fridson," according to Barron's.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213852_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Fridson
|
Martin Fridson
|
Pensions & Investments called his satirical writing on financial markets "worthy of Jonathan Swift."
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Matsuda clan was a clan of the Hatano family, Fujiwara no Hidesato house, originated in Matsuda-go in Ashigarakami County, Sagami Province. They had a family line in the western area of Bizen Province in the late Muromachi period; another in Kyoto as a shogun's retainer in the Muromachi period; the head family of the Sagami Matsuda family serving for the Kaga Maeda family after serving for the Odawara Gohojo family; and the Yuki family and a family line serving as a hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) of the Tokugawa Shogun family as its branch families.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
It is thought that they were the Soryo (government) family which orchestrated the Hatano family which resided in Sagami Province in the Kamakura period. From the period of the Northern and Southern Courts to the Muromachi period, the Soryo system collapsed, and influential non-heir families and clans got independent from the head family, so it is uncertain which family was the head family of the Matsuda clan.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
Its origin is said to be either a family of the Hatano clan, a descendant of Fujiwara no Hidesato or a Gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods) in Sagami Province, and in fact, they had several family trees and there is no accepted theory about it. This section is mentioned according to the theory of the Gokenin in Sagami Province.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
According to the theory of the Gokenin, Matsuda Motokuni, a son of Matsuda Motokuni, took sides with Emperor Godaigo, and he was given Ifuku-go in Mino County, Bizen Province as a reward for the subjugation of the Kamakura Shogunate, and he built Toyama-jo Castle there to make it his base. Meanwhile, the record that Matsuda Moriaki(松田盛明) was Shugo (military governor) in Bizen Province in this period is confirmed, but the relationship with Motoyasu or Motokuni is unclear. In a later period, in 1467 in the time of Matsuda Motozumi(松田元澄) when the Onin War occurred, he took sides with the Akamatsu clan in the Eastern army, and made a great achievement to clear off the Yamana clan in the Western army, which made him the Akamatsu clan's vassal, in a position equivalent to Shugodai (deputy military governor) in Ifuku-go. Because of the Matsuda clan's having built the unchallenged power in the western Bizen Province in around 1483, the Akamatsu clan, the Shugo, was wary of them, and Uragami Norikuni, a family member of Uragami Norimune, who was ordered to hunt down and kill them by Akamatsu Masanori, attacked them. Matsuda Motonari asked the Yamana clan for reinforcements as well as making a sortie from Kanagawa-jo Castle, the new base from 1480, and took control of the Fukuoka-jo Castle (Bizen Province), where Ogamo Yamato-no-kami (the governor of Yamato Province) in the Akamatsu clan's side resided, in the New Year in 1484. Motonari, building on the momentum, he advanced to the east to take control of Mitsuishi-jo Castle, where Uragami Norikuni resided, in March, 1484, with an aim to hold Bizen Province in his hand. But he encountered the Uragami's forces at Tennobara to the east of the Yoshii-gawa River on the way, where he suffered a major defeat at the battle, and he killed himself at Yagami Murayama in Iwanashi County when he was caught up by the Uragami's forces on his way of backdown.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
Still after that, the Matsuda clan reigned over the Western Bizen and was against the Uragami clan. In a later period, in the time of Matsuda Motomichi, he assumed his post as Shoshidai (deputy governor of the Board of Retainers) in the capital in Kyoto in 1522 under the reign of Ashikaga Yoshiharu, but he died at the Battle of Tennoji in 1531 along with his colleague Uragami Muramune. In the time of his grandson Matsuda Mototeru, when Ukita Naoie increased his influences, he had his son Matsuda Motokata marry a daughter of Naoie to ally, and further, he took sides with Amago Haruhisa, who had strong influence in Mimasaka and Bicchu at the time, advancing to Bizen to attack the Uragami clan, by which he tried to maintain his power. In 1568, however, Ugaki Yoemon, his important senior vassal, was killed by Ukita Naoie, and Iga Hisataka, the lord of Kogura-jo Castle, went over to the other side by Naoie's plot, and in August in the same year, Kanagawa-jo Castle was attacked by the Ukita's forces, and Mototeru was killed by the firearms troop of Iga Hisataka. Motokata's brother Motonaga fled to Bicchu (one theory is that he served for Toyokuni Yamana in Inaba), and the Matsuda clan was destroyed.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Matsuda clan earned its place as a devote believer of the Nichiren sect as well as the Kazusa Sakai clan in the history of Buddhism. After Matsuda Motokata challenged Daikaku (a disciple of Nichizo), who was doing missionary work in Bizen during Kenmu and Rekio era (1334-1341), on a religious debate and lost, and he protected this. After that, the successive family heads provided protection for the temples of this sect, and also forced temples of the other sects to convert where they advanced. Therefore, even after the destruction of the Matsuda clan, a powerful follower group called 'Bizen Hokke' was formed, which later made Bizen known as the base of Fujufuse (Not Receive and Not Give) School.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Matsuda clan, which was among Hyojoshu (members of the Council of State) of the Muromachi Shogunate along with the Nikaido clan and the Hatano clan, existed in the Muromachi period. In the Oei era (1394-1427), there appeared a person in history as Mandokoro shitsujidai (deputy steward of the administration office), and Matsuda Mitsuhide, Matsuda Hideoki and Matsuda Kazuhide were appointed as Kunin bugyo, the head of bugyonin (magistrates). After the Onin-Bunmei Wars, Matsuda Kazuhide, Matsuda Nagahide, Matsuda Kiyohide and Matsuda Haruhide were appointed as Mandokoro shitsujidai, the head of Mandokoro Yoriudo (officers of the administration office), and they were active as bugyonin of the shogunate along with the Inoo clan and the Sei clan until the Eiroku era (1558-1570).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The forefather of the Sagami Matsuda clan was Fujiwara no Kamatari, and the 13th head Fujiwara no Kinmitsu became the governor of Sagami Province and settled in Hadano, Sagami Province. The 14th head Fujiwara no Tsunenori changed the family name to Hatano, and became the founder of the Hatano clan.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The 19th head Yoshitsune lived in Matsuda-go. His son Aritsune took the name of Matsuda and called himself Jiro Matsuda, and became the founder of the Matsuda clan. The families separated from the Hatano clan at the time were Kawamura, Hirosawa, Otomo, Shobu, Numata, Otsuki, Koiso and Uji other than Matsuda.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Hatano and Matsuda families originally sided with the Minamoto clan, and Hatano Yoshimichi moved to Kyoto and served for Minamoto no Yoshitomo. After the Hogen War in 1156, however, he ended up being forced to kill Minamoto no Tameyoshi, Yoshitomo's father and the former lord, which made him fall out with Yoshitomo and go back to Sagami Province. This was the way they took sides with the Taira family when the Minamoto clan fell.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
Yoshitsune defeated the Yoritomo's army at the Battle of Ishibashiyama in 1180 along with Oba Kagechika, and he held Matsuda-jo Castle to offer resistance with his family when Yoritomo entered Kamakura, but he was forced out by Yoritomo and killed himself. Matsuda Aritsune, Yoshitsune's heir, was in the residence of Oba Kageyoshi in Futokorojima at that time, and got out of trouble. The mother of Minamoto no Tomonaga, Minamoto no Yoritomo's older half brother, was also Yoshitsune's aunt, and Oba Kageyoshi was a senior vassal of Yoshitomo, Yoritomo's father, and a patriarch of the Kamakura Shogunate as well. Since Aritsune MATSUDA was also a nephew of Kageyoshi OBA, Kageyoshi secretly provided him with protection, being aware of the attacking against Yoshitsune in advance. Later, Oba Kageyoshi brought Matsuda Aritsune to see Yoritomo, and Aritsune was forgiven and given Matsuda-go, and he called himself Jiro Matsuda, which was the foundation of the Matsuda clan.
|
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23,
26,
-30,
14,
-5,
-22,
54,
-11,
18,
27,
-28,
-21,
36,
23,
5,
30,
48,
-10,
1,
19,
0,
6,
-2,
5,
22,
5,
6,
4,
23,
-4,
7,
28,
-18,
-3,
0,
-36,
49,
-10,
-23,
-21,
-14,
-31,
-10,
-31,
3,
14,
-8,
-25,
-2,
-2,
-2,
-42,
32,
-17,
2,
68,
11,
-6,
6,
10,
-7,
-13,
6,
33,
-7,
-10,
-5,
-29,
-29,
24,
-11,
-2,
-37,
-33,
4,
-23,
-19,
21,
43,
-11,
-16,
2,
11,
-13,
13,
-21,
-30,
-17,
-26,
-43,
12,
25,
-3,
9,
5,
26,
6,
9,
-13,
-23,
8,
-44,
1,
-33,
1,
7,
37,
-26,
14,
14,
-21,
16,
-5,
1,
-38,
12,
-30,
6,
30,
2,
-1,
-34,
38,
3,
-51,
-31,
-6,
-28,
-4,
6,
-44,
8,
-1,
21,
-3,
32,
40,
12,
-34,
-22,
-49,
16,
-8,
-8,
14,
9,
46,
5,
31,
-34,
7,
-2,
-39,
-18,
-13,
-10,
-12,
22,
-7,
-24,
-29,
3,
4,
-6,
14,
38,
-8,
-31,
0,
-14,
-1,
24,
20,
-15,
-7,
4,
-1,
-23,
-50,
17,
-30,
-5,
28,
5,
9,
48,
-14,
-39,
-43,
-3,
-3,
-17,
-23,
17,
-29,
10,
6,
6,
-30,
9,
-11,
35,
2,
-3,
-7,
3,
-36,
-19,
-19,
-17,
7,
-15,
-32,
-33,
-23,
-41,
20,
22,
16,
32,
12,
17,
5,
34,
-6,
5,
9,
-19,
10,
37,
17,
-3,
4,
-19,
0,
27,
9,
35,
-64,
-28,
-4,
55,
5,
-16,
-3,
26,
42,
-6,
-30,
17,
43,
37,
-2,
14,
27,
6,
-20,
-36,
26,
16,
-19,
-7,
-42,
34,
-43,
9,
-12,
-50,
1,
-9,
-3,
-28,
26,
-13,
24,
24,
14,
-8,
32,
-2
] |
20231101.en_13213856_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
At the Battle of Wada in 1213, there were numbers of the Matsuda family members, who took sides with Wada Yoshimori.
|
[
-25,
33,
-9,
-2,
13,
8,
-57,
-4,
24,
-5,
-49,
1,
-13,
-4,
-15,
-8,
6,
21,
-8,
-16,
38,
21,
15,
-8,
19,
-48,
43,
-25,
-7,
-49,
8,
7,
18,
-39,
20,
1,
-36,
-52,
-19,
-11,
4,
-8,
35,
-5,
22,
26,
-5,
-26,
-26,
18,
-14,
-19,
-16,
34,
17,
-28,
0,
1,
33,
-23,
12,
-20,
32,
20,
-55,
5,
-8,
28,
-23,
7,
-7,
-10,
22,
-5,
-6,
-55,
23,
19,
45,
13,
-33,
4,
-25,
-24,
6,
-20,
14,
-4,
-45,
42,
35,
10,
40,
12,
-4,
14,
8,
64,
52,
17,
3,
-14,
-15,
-14,
0,
-22,
5,
1,
-8,
-28,
29,
-7,
46,
14,
19,
9,
-13,
-3,
-25,
12,
26,
-34,
22,
6,
1,
17,
-7,
37,
-6,
37,
23,
-21,
10,
-10,
35,
30,
-35,
-52,
-8,
-12,
-7,
14,
11,
-5,
9,
4,
-34,
-10,
29,
-19,
-11,
1,
-30,
2,
-5,
21,
63,
64,
0,
-20,
35,
9,
-33,
-4,
5,
2,
1,
7,
-23,
25,
24,
19,
1,
-33,
20,
5,
-33,
-38,
-18,
9,
-24,
15,
-16,
7,
18,
-6,
-24,
-8,
6,
17,
13,
0,
16,
0,
13,
-3,
52,
48,
0,
36,
12,
-25,
4,
-6,
-3,
-76,
-10,
-17,
8,
20,
25,
-7,
46,
5,
-20,
-4,
3,
-3,
-36,
-14,
20,
8,
-47,
-13,
5,
-33,
11,
-8,
14,
-12,
-7,
21,
-4,
29,
28,
-63,
-49,
-13,
5,
26,
8,
-17,
-6,
13,
6,
-37,
-11,
3,
-31,
-8,
-20,
3,
-11,
-18,
29,
-5,
-34,
5,
26,
-16,
11,
-22,
-15,
6,
-7,
-17,
28,
4,
4,
-16,
-54,
-60,
16,
-31,
33,
-19,
-30,
10,
-64,
-30,
-6,
-13,
-44,
47,
-54,
1,
-3,
-17,
14,
15,
-17,
-29,
-37,
7,
-17,
-8,
-15,
-35,
51,
-23,
-35,
-24,
6,
-12,
-23,
-16,
-6,
-15,
2,
83,
18,
28,
3,
-50,
32,
21,
-28,
13,
-33,
-29,
-7,
15,
-8,
-41,
-17,
2,
17,
17,
1,
7,
-47,
17,
-16,
19,
10,
-4,
7,
-43,
52,
-25,
18,
-3,
46,
5,
-14,
-38,
-7,
-34,
-2,
2,
9,
18,
-6,
-9,
-18,
-16,
-36,
18,
-28,
-29,
-12,
-16,
-38,
34,
15,
-23,
5,
13,
-28,
30,
6,
32,
66,
3,
-19,
7,
17,
-17,
5,
-6,
-11,
-12,
13,
-11,
3,
24,
4,
15,
-36,
70,
-33,
-24,
-11,
4,
-12,
15,
-9,
-9,
-28,
-35,
-36,
34,
-9,
24,
-22,
-16,
-7,
8,
12,
-2,
1,
-27,
-26,
10,
11,
32,
-30,
-21,
27,
20,
-11,
-18,
-14,
-4,
43,
-1,
27,
-20,
-12,
-3,
20,
-60,
44,
29,
43,
3,
-12,
18,
-42,
30,
5,
21,
0,
4,
-3,
5,
-24,
-1,
-15,
-2,
13,
6,
-10,
19,
24,
-28,
-37,
-30,
3,
-30,
-5,
-26,
-4,
-14,
24,
-13,
-11,
4,
19,
0,
-24,
-33,
20,
1,
29,
-3,
16,
-24,
-26,
11,
-7,
11,
3,
-15,
11,
50,
-60,
-27,
38,
-12,
18,
-3,
-31,
39,
8,
-4,
10,
-32,
-21,
13,
8,
5,
4,
-18,
1,
-9,
26,
9,
-24,
-13,
-3,
-34,
-42,
-19,
-11,
6,
11,
-39,
-37,
-32,
45,
-35,
9,
-37,
-13,
2,
-22,
9,
-48,
-7,
-18,
-26,
34,
-39,
13,
-23,
0,
-25,
-4,
16,
8,
-13,
32,
3,
-15,
20,
-15,
-18,
57,
14,
8,
-8,
-4,
-6,
-27,
31,
-21,
-35,
-23,
-3,
-2,
-50,
-10,
-37,
10,
-33,
21,
15,
14,
-24,
5,
-5,
20,
-22,
16,
-8,
-21,
-17,
-17,
14,
-10,
-3,
28,
51,
11,
-59,
19,
22,
-8,
-25,
51,
28,
34,
-22,
10,
-28,
-90,
-9,
-6,
53,
39,
-14,
18,
13,
-12,
32,
-30,
20,
-36,
2,
-31,
12,
-11,
9,
53,
31,
19,
-24,
-5,
30,
-2,
-9,
-37,
18,
14,
-22,
4,
-37,
29,
-2,
-32,
36,
3,
47,
49,
3,
-18,
19,
-11,
32,
-21,
3,
6,
-8,
-40,
-14,
-1,
-22,
-5,
-30,
-40,
2,
-13,
-8,
-5,
3,
28,
-1,
11,
-1,
77,
9,
6,
30,
-46,
10,
-2,
6,
-18,
0,
11,
9,
25,
-4,
23,
-24,
10,
40,
-33,
37,
14,
3,
-25,
-27,
-11,
-20,
15,
27,
2,
43,
6,
-11,
-11,
-21,
25,
44,
-35,
9,
-3,
22,
19,
2,
-14,
1,
12,
45,
-12,
-14,
19,
-46,
5,
-15,
-17,
28,
-6,
-29,
7,
-18,
-3,
-27,
15,
-4,
24,
20,
18,
62,
-36,
12,
56,
21,
6,
-2,
66,
19,
22,
-18,
-20,
-11,
10,
2,
-44,
-24,
15,
-14,
18,
16,
-51,
-9,
4,
-44,
25,
-16,
26,
4,
-16,
-13,
-35,
2,
-13,
2,
38,
-24,
19,
50,
14,
-5,
-15,
0,
19,
-21,
11,
-4,
28,
-36,
-5,
25,
-40,
13,
-24,
5,
37,
-51,
-15,
-41,
-12,
-17,
-16,
-19,
13,
18,
-7,
-53,
-28,
2,
15,
-16,
14,
-32,
-11,
27,
17,
8,
39,
7,
-8,
-14,
36,
-9,
9,
-33,
-13,
-2,
-11,
15,
-29,
-24,
-26,
-46,
-27,
-1,
-22,
-17,
35,
-4,
-21,
4,
4,
0,
31,
-7,
-28,
-32,
-5,
-8,
9,
19,
36,
27,
-29,
37,
37,
-7,
-34,
7,
18,
-19,
17,
-20,
21,
24,
27,
6,
-9,
9,
5,
5,
-32,
-4,
-52,
-7,
-20,
46,
9,
8,
-19,
-11,
46,
-10,
-40,
-16,
14,
-40,
9,
7,
-13,
-26,
3,
13,
6,
44,
30,
-6,
-6,
-34,
4,
54,
-19,
2,
-28,
8,
42,
-9,
21,
-31,
-10,
7,
-28,
-13,
20,
10,
37,
22,
-3,
-18,
-1,
-16,
9,
10,
-16,
58,
13,
-14,
-10,
-38,
-2,
50,
20,
-11,
-24,
40,
9,
0,
-28,
-2,
-7,
-2,
29,
17,
44,
47,
-31,
-31,
-37,
-49,
13,
-5,
17,
2,
-25,
20,
27,
-41,
-19,
-11,
-18,
7,
2,
23,
-23,
14,
-24,
-33,
-37,
-50,
14,
-13,
4,
-18,
1,
-3,
15,
46,
57,
14,
-41,
18,
2,
42,
20,
30,
-2,
-27,
26,
16,
0,
8,
13,
-30,
15,
29,
0,
38,
-49,
-29,
8,
51,
5,
-36,
-18,
-8,
34,
27,
13,
-1,
43,
23,
-9,
-3,
10,
7,
-33,
-17,
33,
9,
-45,
-14,
-52,
-13,
-17,
28,
-18,
-3,
-1,
-1,
-6,
-12,
22,
-37,
-31,
32,
22,
5,
-2,
9
] |
20231101.en_13213856_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
After Nitta Yoshisada entered Musashi Province to defeat the Kamakura Shogunate, and was crushed by the Kamakura Hojo Army at the 'Bubaigawara War', the Matsuda family joined the army of Nitta Yoshisada along with the partisan army of Sagami Province.
|
[
-5,
17,
4,
5,
9,
-1,
-48,
-17,
30,
-2,
-19,
-17,
-7,
-12,
17,
-26,
-19,
-3,
-7,
-25,
56,
9,
14,
-4,
41,
-28,
44,
-2,
-42,
-36,
3,
26,
13,
-40,
34,
7,
-50,
-18,
14,
-2,
-1,
-41,
48,
16,
-3,
22,
-13,
-24,
-37,
12,
-12,
-30,
-38,
42,
42,
5,
-2,
-5,
34,
-31,
44,
-30,
31,
1,
-32,
24,
-6,
4,
-7,
-2,
-17,
-26,
22,
-1,
-2,
-51,
44,
-15,
16,
42,
-6,
16,
24,
-20,
-5,
-18,
-6,
3,
-39,
-4,
20,
-7,
23,
30,
-6,
12,
-28,
72,
26,
25,
-27,
-31,
-25,
17,
-32,
-3,
-14,
-8,
11,
0,
20,
10,
12,
-4,
3,
50,
-2,
-38,
14,
24,
23,
-25,
51,
21,
-14,
26,
6,
8,
-16,
19,
41,
-11,
0,
5,
25,
-25,
-40,
-43,
-33,
-7,
1,
1,
-19,
8,
23,
-5,
0,
-13,
17,
38,
-5,
13,
-4,
6,
30,
23,
73,
46,
4,
-48,
41,
4,
-13,
18,
15,
40,
-14,
0,
-29,
41,
-24,
26,
0,
-14,
1,
-3,
-27,
-8,
9,
22,
10,
-27,
23,
-3,
8,
23,
13,
-2,
9,
5,
-5,
12,
34,
13,
4,
-1,
30,
-4,
-21,
10,
13,
-15,
8,
20,
9,
-64,
-28,
-16,
-19,
43,
19,
-30,
25,
7,
-28,
35,
-1,
-13,
-3,
-4,
30,
2,
-27,
5,
30,
-16,
0,
3,
14,
-6,
-6,
4,
37,
6,
10,
-32,
-81,
-6,
17,
1,
7,
8,
-12,
2,
6,
-32,
-10,
43,
-9,
-44,
-13,
21,
-8,
12,
8,
-28,
-5,
28,
1,
-17,
30,
-3,
-7,
-16,
13,
-25,
40,
-16,
12,
3,
-27,
-34,
44,
-48,
20,
10,
-21,
-20,
-85,
-7,
-7,
-9,
-22,
25,
-28,
6,
-27,
8,
-19,
16,
-24,
7,
4,
19,
-13,
-5,
-30,
-30,
40,
25,
-45,
-7,
10,
30,
-19,
-35,
-26,
-1,
8,
58,
19,
25,
0,
-64,
36,
-1,
12,
11,
-13,
-30,
-28,
0,
-3,
-8,
23,
0,
11,
41,
-5,
0,
-23,
9,
9,
33,
-1,
-21,
-1,
-46,
46,
-11,
28,
-39,
52,
-1,
-13,
-26,
30,
-14,
-3,
8,
-16,
11,
23,
3,
-23,
-5,
-27,
10,
-30,
-32,
-34,
22,
-19,
7,
18,
-3,
-12,
-19,
-42,
26,
7,
18,
23,
30,
-14,
-39,
-6,
-5,
-5,
-20,
-5,
-20,
-2,
4,
26,
23,
14,
24,
-4,
33,
11,
-16,
-15,
3,
-1,
30,
-26,
1,
-24,
-4,
-8,
56,
-33,
6,
-26,
-11,
-2,
35,
-30,
-17,
6,
-22,
12,
17,
-21,
38,
-24,
-10,
16,
34,
3,
-18,
9,
-10,
21,
17,
15,
27,
4,
6,
59,
-22,
40,
42,
32,
3,
-19,
70,
-38,
55,
14,
28,
-9,
22,
-8,
-57,
-52,
13,
-28,
-4,
-15,
0,
5,
10,
26,
-9,
-39,
-19,
28,
-30,
-28,
-33,
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_13
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
In the period of the Northern and Southern Courts, they took sides with Emperor Godaigo of the Southern Court, and jointed the army of Nitta Yoshisada. After Nitta Yoshisada died, a total of 6,000 troopers of the army of Nitta Yoshioki and Wakiya Yoshiharu moved to castles in Tanzawa Nishi including Matsuda-jo Castle and Kawamura-jo Castle, and Ashikaga Takauji himself attacked them with a large force, which made Ashigara a major battlefield. At that time, the Matsuda family spread across various areas, and the Bizen Matsuda clan belonged to the Muromachi Shogunate in the Northern Court.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_14
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
In the late Muromachi period, the Ashikaga clan as Kanto-kubo (Governor-general in Kanto region) declined, and the eighth head Matsuda Yorihide, who lived in Kyoto, went to Kanto by order of the shogun. At that time in Sagami Province, the Omori clan occupied Odawara-jo Castle and conquered other clans, and tried to overpower the Matsuda clan as well. The Matsuda clan faced a hard battle against the offense of the Uesugi Ogigayatsu clan and the Omori clan, and in 1495, when Hojo Soun brought down Omori Fujiyori and entered Odawara-jo Castle, Matsuda Yorihide cooperated. The Bizen Matsuda clan, the Matsuda clan serving as Muromachi Shogunate's retainer, and the Sagami Matsuda clan had a close connection, and Matsuda Kazuhide, Matsuda Nagahide, Matsuda Yorisuke, Matsuda Hideyuki (秀致), Matsuda Morihide and Matsuda Haruhide from the Bizen Matsuda clan, the Matsuda clan serving as Muromachi Shogunate's retainer rushed over for the back up at that time.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_15
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Sagami Matsuda clan ranked the seven families of Goyuishoke (successive retainers of the Hojo family) as vassals of the Hojo family, and served as Karo (chief retainer). They had the highest value of shoryo (territory) among the vassals of the Hojo clan: 2798 kan (unit of currency) 110 mon (unit of currency) (3922 kan 995 mon as the Matsuda family).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_16
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The Matsuda clan was at their zenith at the time of the tenth head Matsuda Norihide, and they were unmatched in power as successive Hitto karo (the head of chief retainers) of the Hojo family.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_17
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
On the occasion of the Siege of Odawara by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1590, Norihide insisted on a plot to hold the castle at the hyojo (meeting) in the Odawara-jo Castle, saying 'The Toyotomi side has 220 thousand soldiers and The Hojo side is outnumbered with 50 thousand, so having an open battle without any chance of winning is reckless.'
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_18
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
On the other hand, Hojo Ujiteru and Hojo Ujikuni insisted on an open battle, but Norihide's plot to hold the castle was adopted.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_19
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
Meanwhile, Norihide used tactics on the postwar management with Toshiie MAEDA and Hidemasa HORI on his own accord to surrender the castle 'under the condition of securing Sagami Province and two provinces in Izu, and life of all the members for the Hojo family.'
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
However, Toyotomi Hideyoshi trumpeted a strategic rumor of Norihide's betrayal aiming at disruption inside Odawara-jo Castle. Soon after this, Odawara-jo Castle surrendered.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
After the fall of the Hojo clan, the Matsuda clan was employed for 4,000 koku (crop yield) by the Maeda clan that they were negotiating with. Although their kokudaka (yield quantity) changed later, the Matsuda clan existed as the retainer of the Kaga Domain until 1871, when Haihan-chiken (abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures) was executed.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213856_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsuda%20clan
|
Matsuda clan
|
The descendants of Matsuda Yasusada, Norihide's younger brother, served for Tokugawa Ieyasu, and survived as Hatamoto (direct retainers of the shogunate).
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty is a UK-based national ecumenical Christian social justice charity, committed to tackling poverty in the United Kingdom. Church Action on Poverty works in partnership with churches and with people in poverty themselves to find solutions to poverty, locally, nationally and globally.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty was formed in 1982, has its main offices in Manchester and is charity number 1079986. The first director of CAP was the MP John Battle, the second Director was former government minister Paul Goggins. The current director is Niall Cooper.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty emphasises the need for people in poverty to have a voice in decisions which affect them, and focuses on participation and empowerment. An example of this approach is their 'poverty hearing' model.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty currently runs campaigns which are connected by the theme 'Close the Gap', aiming to tackle economic inequality and close the gap between rich and poor. The organisation has successfully campaigned for all the UK's major Christian denominations to support the Living Wage.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Previously, Church Action on Poverty ran the Living Ghosts campaign highlighting the destitution of asylum seekers in the UK. It also helped to set up and run the Debt on our Doorstep campaign against loan sharks and extortionate lending practices such as payday loans.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty has pioneered the use of international development approaches to tackle UK poverty. Examples include participatory budgeting (which was taken up by the Labour government in 2007), sustainable livelihoods analysis, and Freirean popular education in the form of 'Schools of Participation'.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
The People's Budget is a campaign for more participatory budgeting in UK led by the Church Action on Poverty who planned campaign workshops across the UK in London, St. Helens, Merseyside, Dudley, Tameside, Leeds and Tyneside.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213862_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Action%20on%20Poverty
|
Church Action on Poverty
|
The Church Action on Poverty feels that billions of pounds of money is being used by public bodies without any involvement of local people. 'The People's Budget' campaign is about helping British citizens understand how to influence their local council, health organisation, police force or housing provider. The campaign works with groups and individual to promote:
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213863_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verena%20Sailer
|
Verena Sailer
|
Verena Sailer (born 16 October 1985 in Illertissen) is a retired German sprinter, who specialised in the 100 metres. Her personal best time is 11.02 seconds, achieved in August 2013. She won the gold medal at the 2010 European Athletics Championships in Barcelona. During her sporting career she was a member of MTG Mannheim.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213863_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verena%20Sailer
|
Verena Sailer
|
Sailer represented Germany at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She competed in the 4 × 100 metres relay together with Anne Möllinger, Cathleen Tschirch and Marion Wagner. In their first round heat they placed third behind Jamaica and Russia and in front of China. Their time of 43.59 seconds was the eighth time overall out of sixteen participating nations. With this result they qualified for the final, in which they sprinted to a time of 43.28 seconds, which was the fifth place. At the 2009 IAAF World Championships in Berlin, she made it to the semifinal of the 100 m and ran 11.24 seconds. She was the fourth leg of the German 4 × 100 m squad, which secured the bronze medal in a season's best time of 42.87 seconds.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213863_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verena%20Sailer
|
Verena Sailer
|
At the 2012 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki, Sailer was unable to defend her European Championship title and finished 6th in the final heat of the 100 metres event with a time of 11.42 s. She then led the German 4 × 100 metres relay team of Leena Günther, Anne Cibis, and Tatjana Pinto as the final runner with a clear lead to win the title again since 1994 at the same venue.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213863_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verena%20Sailer
|
Verena Sailer
|
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the individual 100 m as well as the 4 × 100 m. Although she did not reach the individual final, the German team (Sailer, Leena Günther, Anne Cibis and Tatjana Pinto) did, finishing in 5th place.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213867_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Canada%2C%20South%20Yorkshire
|
Little Canada, South Yorkshire
|
Little Canada is a semi-rural locality in the City of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England. It is situated on the B6422 road between Brodsworth and Scawthorpe, approximately north-west of Doncaster city centre.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213867_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Canada%2C%20South%20Yorkshire
|
Little Canada, South Yorkshire
|
The Scawthorpe subdivision within the Adwick le Street built-up area, which only includes Little Canada and not the bulk of Scawthorpe, had a population of 259 at the 2011 census.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213867_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Canada%2C%20South%20Yorkshire
|
Little Canada, South Yorkshire
|
It was built in the 20th century and most of the houses were made of wood. This, along with the surrounding open flat plateau, resembled the Canadian Prairies, hence the name, Little Canada.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213867_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Canada%2C%20South%20Yorkshire
|
Little Canada, South Yorkshire
|
It is a small, linear settlement consisting of several houses surrounded by countryside. It is located along Green Lane adjacent to the Roman Ridge, with Scawsby Lane going to Scawsby to the south.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213867_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Canada%2C%20South%20Yorkshire
|
Little Canada, South Yorkshire
|
It is within the Sprotbrough ward of Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council which elected two Conservative councillors.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
The Leteće zvezde (Serbian Cyrillic: Летеће звезде, ) was the official aerobatic flight display team of the Yugoslav Air Force.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
Yugoslavia has a long history of precision display flying which was first demonstrated to the public during an airshow at Zemun – Belgrade's military airfield – in June 1938. After World War II, a pair of SFR Yugoslav Air Force Jungmeisters made regular appearances at air displays in the late 1940s.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
These were followed by team of three Yakovlev Yak-3s, a five-plane grouping of the Ikarus S-49Cs (redesigned IK-3s) and in the late 1950s, the Air Force's first jet display team, flying F-84G Thunderjets. A new team formed by the 204th Fighter Aviation Regiment based at Batajnica (the unit's Canadair Mk 4 Sabers being responsible for the defense of Belgrade) flew over a crowd of 200.000 spectators attending the 1960 Belgrade Air show held at Zemun.
|
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3
] |
20231101.en_13213869_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
This team lasted for five years until a four–ship group using the indigenous G-2 Galeb basic jet trainer that performed for the first time at Ljubljana in July 1968, replaced it. The Galeb was replaced by single–seat light attack variant of the G–2, the J-21 Jastreb which was flown until 1979. In that year a pair of Czech Zlin Z-526 trainers, flown by Yugoslav Air Force instructors, took over and became the first postwar YAF demonstration team to an overseas invent, the Venice International air show in 1979
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
By 1985 the team had reverted to flying six IJ-21 Jastreb, and the following year it was officially named the Flying stars, nicknamed Kanarinci (Canarys). Over the next five years, the distinctive red, white, blue and yellow Jastrebs of the Flying Stars became a familiar sight at air show throughout Yugoslavia.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
They were replicated in 1990 by the G-4 Super Galeb advanced jet trainer and light attack aircraft which had made its debut in the West at the 1983 Paris air show.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
However, almost exactly a year after their first public appearance, at the 1990 Batajnica airshow – and just before they were to make their international debut in Italy – the Flying Stars were grounded by the outbreak of hostilities in Slovenia at 1991.
|
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11
] |
20231101.en_13213869_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
During the years of isolation and sanctions, the team's Super Galebs were used for advanced training by the Air Force, although some the retained their red, white and blue color schemes. Once the decision to reform the Flying stars had been made on 9 October 1996, Major General Blagoje Grahovac, Commander of the Aviation Corps, gave the 172nd Air Brigade – controlling units at Podgorica – the responsibility of choosing new pilots and working out new routines.
|
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22,
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
Pilots were selected from a large number of volunteers, all of whom were experienced instructors and included two former members of the 1990 team, Major Predrag Vukašinović and Captain Saša Ristić. Under the leadership of Major Vukašinović and Captain Ristić each pilot was put through five test flights of the Super Galeb, two solo flights with the "boss" in the back seat, and another three outings, flying as a member of the full team.
|
[
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
By February 1997, the team manager and commentator (who is also the reserve pilot) and six pilots with varying backgrounds – one is a former MiG-21 pilot, while another flew the J-22 Orao – had been chosen and training begun in earnest. New routines were practiced using a basic formation of four, interspersed with a synchro pair. The display is flown at between 160-435 mph (260–700 km) with the main formation maintaining a separation of only 2 ft (60 cm)! A "flat" program for use in low cloud base condition was also designed and practiced. The final program, which lasts for 20 minutes, was demonstrated before senior officers in April 1997 after which approval for public appearance was given.
|
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] |
20231101.en_13213869_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete%C4%87e%20zvezde
|
Leteće zvezde
|
The new Flying Stars, with the three – bar roundel replacing the former Yugoslavia Air Force roundels with new ones, were seen in public for the first time at the Batajnica air show on 15 June 1997. Other domestic shows followed at Podgorica, Niš and Vršac, culminating in the first overseas appearance of a Yugoslav Air Force display team for nearly two decades. On 27-28 September 1997, the Flying Stars and their support aircraft, a YAF An-26 with the ground crews and ground handling equipment, appeared at the Bulgarian air show at Plovdiv Airport – Krumovo Air Base in front of more than 50,000 enthusiastic spectators. General Veličković, piloting his own Super Galeb accompanied them to Krumovo. The Flying Stars also appeared at the CIAF 1998 in Czech Republic.
|
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] |
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