[ { "id": "1", "en": "The paper reviews allergy to green coffee bean and castor bean in dock workers and in coffee processing workers from '80 to nowadays in Trieste (NE of Italy). The avoidance of use of jute sacks contaminated with castor bean caused a decrease in sensitization to castor bean and the better work practices to handle jute sacks permitted to reduce airborne exposure to green coffee been powders, that resulted below occupational exposure limits. However, the measurement of ultrafine particles emitted during the handling of sacks showed exposure to high level of particles below 40 nm and permitted to identify some work tasks that can cause a more elevated exposure. Moreover, some sacks, coming from Tanzania, are still contaminated with castor bean, causing mild allergic symptoms. The work condition in dock workers in Trieste improved in years with a reduction of exposure to these allergens. However, the adoption of protective measures as well as periodical medical surveillance are needed to prevent sensitization or to detect the early onset of new cases.", "it": "L\u2019allergia a caff\u00e8 verde e a ricino nel porto e nei lavoratori addetti alla lavorazione del caff\u00e8 di Trieste \u00e8 stata analizzata utilizzando la letteratura scientifica disponibile dagli anni \u201980 ad oggi. L\u2019eliminazione dei sacchi di juta ad uso promiscuo per il trasporto del caff\u00e8 verde e del ricino ha determinato una riduzione della sensibilizzazione a quest\u2019ultimo allergene, considerato pi\u00f9 potente del caff\u00e8 stesso. A questo si associa il miglioramento delle procedure di movimentazione dei sacchi di caff\u00e8 che ha permesso di ridurre l\u2019esposizione alle polveri, risultate al di sotto dei limiti occupazionali. Tuttavia la valutazione delle polveri ultrafini disperse durante la movimentazione dei sacchi ha evidenziato elevate esposizione a particelle inferiori I 40 nm durante alcune operazioni di movimentazione e travaso e i sacchi provenienti dalla Tanzania sono ancora contaminati con il ricino e causano sintomi allergici. Le condizioni di lavoro nel porto di Trieste sono migliorati negli anni con una riduzione dell\u2019esposizione a questi allergeni, tuttavia \u00e8 necessaria l\u2019adozione di misure ambientali e personali per evitare l\u2019esposizione a polvere di caff\u00e8 verde ed eseguire la sorveglianza medica periodica per evidenziare precocemente nuovi casi di allergia.", "keywords": [ "allergy", "green coffee bean", "castor bean", "dock workers", "coffee processing workers", "jute sacks", "sensitization", "airborne exposure", "occupational exposure limits", "ultrafine particles", "high level of particles", "Tanzania", "mild allergic symptoms", "protective measures", "periodical medical surveillance", "early onset" ], "keyword_chains": "'allergy' means 'Allergie' means 'alergia' means 'allergie' means 'allergia' means 'Alergia' means '\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'green coffee bean' means 'gr\u00fcne Kaffeebohne' means 'semilla de caf\u00e9 verde' means 'grains de caf\u00e9 vert' means 'fagioli di caff\u00e8 verde' means 'feij\u00e3o verde' means '\u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0431\u044b'. 'other plants' means 'Castorbohne' means 'semillas de ricino' means 'poire de riz' means 'fagioli di ricino' means 'feij\u00e3o-de-castor' means '\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0431\u044b'. 'dock workers' means 'Hafenarbeiter' means 'Trabajadores de los muelles' means 'travailleurs des quais' means 'lavoratori portuali' means 'trabalhadores portu\u00e1rios' means '\u0414\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0435'. 'coffee processing workers' means 'Kaffeeverarbeitende Arbeiter' means 'trabajadores de la transformaci\u00f3n del caf\u00e9' means 'travailleurs de la transformation du caf\u00e9' means 'lavoratori della trasformazione del caff\u00e8' means 'trabalhadores da ind\u00fastria do caf\u00e9' means '\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438'. 'Other, of a thickness of' means 'S\u00e4cke aus Jute' means 'sacos de yute' means 'autres, de la taille de la feuille' means 'sacchi di iuta' means 'Sacos de juta' means '\u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0436\u0443\u0442\u0430'. 'sensitization' means 'Sensibilisierung' means 'sensibilizaci\u00f3n' means 'sensibilisation' means 'sensibilizzazione' means 'sensibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'airborne exposure' means 'Luft\u00fcbertragung' means 'exposici\u00f3n en el aire' means 'exposition a\u00e9roport\u00e9e' means 'esposizione aerea' means 'exposi\u00e7\u00e3o a\u00e9rea' means '\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0435'. 'occupational exposure limits' means 'Grenzwerte f\u00fcr die berufliche Exposition' means 'l\u00edmites de exposici\u00f3n profesional' means 'limites d'exposition professionnelle' means 'limiti di esposizione professionale' means 'limites de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o profissional' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f'. 'ultrafine particles' means 'ultrafeine Partikel' means 'part\u00edculas ultrafinas' means 'particules ultrafines' means 'particelle ultrafini' means 'part\u00edculas ultrafinas' means '\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044b'. 'high level of particles' means 'hohe Partikelwerte' means 'alto nivel de part\u00edculas' means 'taux \u00e9lev\u00e9 de particules' means 'elevato livello di particelle' means 'alto n\u00edvel de part\u00edculas' means '\u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446'. 'Other countries' means 'Tansania' means 'El Reino Unido' means 'Autriche' means 'Tanzania' means '\u00c1frica do Sul' means '\u0422\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'mild allergic symptoms' means 'leichte allergische Symptome' means 's\u00edntomas al\u00e9rgicos leves' means 'sympt\u00f4mes allergiques l\u00e9gers' means 'sintomi allergici lievi' means 'sintomas al\u00e9rgicos leves' means '\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438'. 'protective measures' means 'Schutzma\u00dfnahmen' means 'medidas de protecci\u00f3n' means 'mesures de protection' means 'misure di protezione' means 'Medidas de protec\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b'. 'periodic medical surveillance' means 'regelm\u00e4\u00dfige medizinische \u00dcberwachung' means 'vigilancia m\u00e9dica peri\u00f3dica' means 'surveillance m\u00e9dicale p\u00e9riodique' means 'sorveglianza medica periodica' means 'vigil\u00e2ncia m\u00e9dica peri\u00f3dica' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'early onset' means 'Fr\u00fcher Auftreten' means 'inicio temprano' means 'd\u00e9but pr\u00e9coce' means 'inizio precoce' means 'in\u00edcio precoce' means '\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e'" }, { "id": "2", "en": "Right-wing populist parties (RWPPs) view immigration as a threat to national identity and cultural and political cohesion. This paper explores the discourse on immigration of two such parties during a systemic crisis (the COVID-19 pandemic) in a borderland area that entails a specific \"symbolization\" of the border as a result of geographic proximity. What kind of bordering narratives occur in this context, and how do they evolve? To answer these questions, the major RWPPs operating in the Geneva region were studied: the Genevan Swiss People's Party and the Geneva Citizens' Movement. Through a critical discourse analysis, a total of 181 documents published between 1\u2009January and 31\u2009August 2020 were analyzed, including the parties' official Facebook posts, press releases, and newspaper articles. Results show that the context of the pandemic favored the emergence of a strong re-bordering narrative.", "it": "I partiti populisti di destra considerano l'immigrazione come una minaccia all'identit\u00e0 nazionale e alla coesione culturale e politica. Questo articolo esplora il discorso sull'immigrazione di due di questi partiti durante una crisi sistemica (la pandemia di COVID\u201019) in un'area di confine che, a causa della vicinanza geografica col confine, ne comporta una diversa \u201csimbolizzazione\u201d. Che tipo di narrazioni sul confine vengono prodotte in quello contesto e come si evolvono nel tempo? Per rispondere a queste domande sono stati studiati i due principali partiti populisti di destra della regione di Ginevra: l'Unione Democratica di Centro di Ginevra e il Movimento dei cittadini di Ginevra. Attraverso la critical discourse analysis, sono stati analizzati un totale di 181 documenti pubblicati tra il 1\u00b0 gennaio e il 31 agosto 2020: post ufficiali su Facebook, comunicati stampa e articoli di giornale. I risultati mostrano che il contesto della pandemia ha favorito l'emergere di discorsi che promuovono il rafforzamento delle frontiere.", "keywords": [ "Right-wing populist parties", "RWPPs", "immigration", "national identity", "cultural cohesion", "political cohesion", "discourse", "systemic crisis", "COVID-19 pandemic", "borderland area", "symbolization", "geographic proximity", "bordering narratives", "critical discourse analysis", "Genevan Swiss People's Party", "Geneva Citizens' Movement", "re-bordering narrative" ], "keyword_chains": "'Right-wing populist parties' means 'Rechtspopulistische Parteien' means 'Partidos populistas de derecha' means 'Partis populistes de droite' means 'Partiti populisti di destra' means 'Partidos populistas de direita' means '\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438'. 'RWPPs' means 'RWPPs' means 'Productos de refrigeraci\u00f3n por ondas' means 'Produits de chauffage par les tuyaux' means 'Prodotti di rivestimento di acciaio' means 'PPA de arame' means '\u0420\u0412\u041f\u041f'. 'immigration and' means 'Einwanderung' means 'el inmigrante' means 'd\u00e9localisation' means 'immigrazione' means 'Imigra\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'national identity' means 'nationale Identit\u00e4t' means 'identidad nacional' means 'identit\u00e9 nationale' means 'identit\u00e0 nazionale' means 'identidade nacional' means '\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'cultural cohesion' means 'Kultureller Zusammenhalt' means 'cohesi\u00f3n cultural' means 'coh\u00e9sion culturelle' means 'coesione culturale' means 'coes\u00e3o cultural' means '\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'political cohesion' means 'politischer Zusammenhalt' means 'cohesi\u00f3n pol\u00edtica' means 'coh\u00e9sion politique' means 'coesione politica' means 'coes\u00e3o pol\u00edtica' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'speech' means 'Aussprache' means 'el discurso' means 'le discours' means 'discorso' means 'discurso' means '\u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c'. 'systemic crisis' means 'Systemkrise' means 'crisis sist\u00e9mica' means 'crise syst\u00e9mique' means 'crisi sistemica' means 'crise sist\u00e9mica' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441'. 'The COVID-19 pandemic' means 'COVID-19-Pandemie' means 'La pandemia de la COVID-19' means 'La pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19' means 'Pandemia di COVID-19' means 'Pandemia de COVID-19' means '\u041f\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f COVID-19'. 'border area' means 'Grenzgebiet' means 'Zona fronteriza' means 'r\u00e9gion frontali\u00e8re' means 'zona di confine' means '\u00c1rea de fronteira' means '\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430'. 'symbolism' means 'Symbolisierung' means 'la simbolog\u00eda' means 'symbolisation' means 'simbolizzazione' means 'Simboliza\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'geographical proximity' means 'geografische N\u00e4he' means 'Proximidad geogr\u00e1fica' means 'proximit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique' means 'vicinanza geografica' means 'proximidade geogr\u00e1fica' means '\u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'bordering narratives' means 'Grenzende Erz\u00e4hlungen' means 'las narrativas lim\u00edtrofes' means 'des r\u00e9cits \u00e0 la limite' means 'racconti confinanti' means 'narrativas de fronteira' means '\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438'. 'critical discourse analysis' means 'Kritische Diskursanalyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis cr\u00edtico del discurso' means 'analyse critique du discours' means 'analisi del discorso critico' means 'An\u00e1lise cr\u00edtica do discurso' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430'. 'Geneva Swiss People's Party' means 'Genfer Schweizerische Volkspartei' means 'Partido Popular Suizo de Ginebra' means 'Parti populaire suisse de Gen\u00e8ve' means 'Partito popolare svizzero di Ginevra' means 'Partido Popular Su\u00ed\u00e7o de Genebra' means '\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0428\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044f'. 'The Geneva Citizens' Movement is' means 'B\u00fcrgerbewegung Genf' means 'Movimiento de los Ciudadanos de Ginebra' means 'Mouvement des citoyens de Gen\u00e8ve' means 'Movimento dei cittadini di Ginevra' means 'Movimento dos Cidad\u00e3os de Genebra' means '\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 're-bordering narrative' means 'Re-grenzende Erz\u00e4hlung' means 'El relato de la re-condici\u00f3n' means 'r\u00e9cit de bordure' means 'Rivalutare la narrazione' means 'narrativa de re-limite' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446'" }, { "id": "3", "en": "Malignant minor salivary glands carcinomas (MiSGC) of the larynx and trachea are rare tumours and published evidence is sparse. We conducted a systematic review to describe shareable treatment strategies and oncological outcomes of these neoplastic entities. Full text English manuscripts published from January 1 Seventeen articles and 365 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common subsites involved were subglottic and distal trachea. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was, by far, the most frequent histotype. The first-choice treatment strategy was surgery (86.8%), while adjuvant treatments were delivered in 57.4% of patients. Only 12.9% were treated with definitive radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy. The mean follow-up was 68.3 months. One hundred nine (34.9%) deaths were recorded and 62.4% were cancer-related. Five-year OS ranged from 20% to 100% and, at pooled analysis, it was 83% (range, 78-87%). In case of MiSGC of the larynx and trachea, surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Adjuvant treatments are frequently delivered. Survival estimates are good overall, but highly heterogeneous.", "it": "Trattamento dei tumori maligni delle ghiandole salivari minori della laringe e della trachea e suoi risultati: revisione sistematica. I tumori maligni delle ghiandole salivari minori laringo-tracheali sono rari e i dati pubblicati sono scarsi. Abbiamo condotto una revisione sistematica della letteratura per descrivere le strategie di trattamento e i risultati oncologici. Sono stati inclusi articoli in lingua inglese pubblicati dal 1\u00b0 gennaio 2000 al 14 dicembre 2022. Abbiamo raccolto dati su trattamento e sopravvivenza ed \u00e8 stata effettuata un\u2019analisi aggregata della sopravvivenza complessiva (OS) a 5 anni. Sono stati inclusi 17 articoli e 365 pazienti. Le sottosedi pi\u00f9 frequentemente coinvolte sono risultate la sottoglottide e la trachea distale, mentre il carcinoma adenoido-cistico si \u00e8 confermato di gran lunga l\u2019istotipo pi\u00f9 frequente. La strategia di trattamento di prima scelta \u00e8 stata la chirurgia (86,8%) e il 57,4% dei pazienti ha ricevuto un trattamento adiuvante. Solo il 12,9% \u00e8 stato trattato con radioterapia o chemioradioterapia esclusive. Il follow-up medio \u00e8 stato di 68,3 mesi. Centonove (34,9%) pazienti sono deceduti, di cui il 62,4% a causa della malattia. La sopravvivenza a 5 anni riportata varia dal 20% al 100% e nell\u2019analisi aggregata \u00e8 pari all\u201983% (range, 78-87%). Per i tumori delle ghiandole salivari minori laringo-tracheali la chirurgia \u00e8 il trattamento di scelta, eventualmente associata a trattamenti adiuvanti. Le stime di sopravvivenza sono buone, ma altamente eterogenee.", "keywords": [ "Malignant minor salivary glands carcinomas", "MiSGC", "larynx", "trachea", "tumours", "systematic review", "treatment strategies", "oncological outcomes", "neoplastic entities", "subglottic", "distal trachea", "Adenoid cystic carcinoma", "histotype", "first-choice treatment strategy", "surgery", "adjuvant treatments", "definitive radiotherapy", "chemotherapy", "mean follow-up", "cancer-related", "Five-year OS", "pooled analysis", "mainstay of treatment", "survival estimates", "highly heterogeneous" ], "keyword_chains": "'Malignant minor carcinomas of the salivary glands' means 'Maligne kleinere Karzinome der Speicheldr\u00fcsen' means 'Carcinomas de las gl\u00e1ndulas salivales menores malignos' means 'Carcinomes malignes mineurs des glandes salivaires' means 'Carcinomi maligni delle ghiandole salivari minori' means 'Carcinomas malignos menores das gl\u00e2ndulas salivares' means '\u0417\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437'. 'Other' means 'MiSGC' means 'MiSGC' means 'Le groupe de travail' means 'MiSGC' means 'MiSGC' means '\u041c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442'. 'larynx' means 'Kehlkopf' means 'laringe y laringe' means 'larynx' means 'laringe' means 'laringe' means '\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'tracheal' means 'Luftr\u00f6hre' means 'traquea' means 'trach\u00e9e' means 'trachea' means 'traqueia' means '\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044f'. 'other' means 'Tumoren' means 'tumores' means 'tumeurs' means 'tumori' means 'tumores' means '\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'systematic review of the' means 'systematische \u00dcberpr\u00fcfung' means 'revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u00e9valuation syst\u00e9matique' means 'revisione sistematica' means 'Revis\u00e3o sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440'. 'treatment strategies' means 'Behandlungsstrategien' means 'estrategias de tratamiento' means 'strat\u00e9gies de traitement' means 'strategie di trattamento' means 'estrat\u00e9gias de tratamento' means '\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'oncological outcomes' means 'onkologische Ergebnisse' means 'resultados oncol\u00f3gicos' means 'r\u00e9sultats oncologiques' means 'risultati oncologici' means 'resultados oncol\u00f3gicos' means '\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'neoplastic entities' means 'Neoplastiken' means 'Entidades neopl\u00e1sicas' means 'entit\u00e9s n\u00e9oplastiques' means 'entit\u00e0 neoplastiche' means 'Entidades neopl\u00e1sicas' means '\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'subglottic' means 'subglottische' means 'subgl\u00f3tico' means 'sous-glottique' means 'subglottico' means 'subgl\u00f3tica' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'distal trachea' means 'Distal-Trachea' means 'traquea distal' means 'trach\u00e9e distale' means 'trachea distale' means 'traqueia distal' means '\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0435\u044f'. 'Adenoid cystic carcinoma' means 'Adenoid-kystisches Karzinom' means 'Carcinoma qu\u00edstico adenoide' means 'Carcinome ad\u00e9no\u00efde kystique' means 'Carcinoma adenoide cistico' means 'Carcinoma c\u00edstico adenoide' means '\u0410\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430'. 'histotype' means 'Histotyp' means 'tipo de sangre' means 'type de cellule' means 'istotipo' means 'Hist\u00f3tipo' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f'. 'first-choice treatment strategy' means 'Behandlungsstrategie der ersten Wahl' means 'estrategia de tratamiento de primera opci\u00f3n' means 'strat\u00e9gie de traitement de premier choix' means 'strategia di trattamento di prima scelta' means 'estrat\u00e9gia de tratamento de primeira escolha' means '\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430'. 'surgical' means 'Operationen' means 'cirug\u00eda' means 'chirurgie' means 'chirurgia' means 'cirurgia' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'adjuvant treatments' means 'adjuvante Behandlungen' means 'Tratamientos adyuvantes' means 'traitement adjuvant' means 'trattamenti adiuvanti' means 'tratamentos adjuvantes' means '\u0430\u0434\u044a\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'definitive radiotherapy' means 'endg\u00fcltige Strahlentherapie' means 'radioterapia definitiva' means 'radioth\u00e9rapie d\u00e9finitive' means 'radioterapia definitiva' means 'radioterapia definitiva' means '\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'chemotherapy' means 'Chemotherapie' means 'quimioterapia' means 'chimioth\u00e9rapie' means 'chemioterapia' means 'quimioterapia' means '\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'mean follow-up' means 'mittlere Nachsorge' means 'seguimiento medio' means 'suivi moyen' means 'follow-up medio' means 'seguimento m\u00e9dio' means '\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'cancer-related' means 'Krebsbedingte' means 'relacionados con el c\u00e1ncer' means 'li\u00e9s au cancer' means 'legati al cancro' means 'relacionados com o cancro' means '\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c'. 'Five-year operating period' means 'Betriebsbedingungen f\u00fcr f\u00fcnf Jahre' means 'Sistema operativo de cinco a\u00f1os' means 'Syst\u00e8me d'exploitation de cinq ans' means 'Sistema operativo quinquennale' means 'Sistema operacional de cinco anos' means '\u041f\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044f\u044f \u041e\u0421'. 'pooled analysis' means 'Zusammengefasste Analyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis agrupado' means 'analyse par agr\u00e9gat' means 'analisi aggregata' means 'An\u00e1lise conjunta' means '\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'the main pillar of treatment' means 'Hauptst\u00fctze der Behandlung' means 'pilar del tratamiento' means 'le pilier du traitement' means 'pilastro del trattamento' means 'A base do tratamento' means '\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'estimated survival' means '\u00dcberlebensraten' means 'estimaciones de la supervivencia' means 'survie estim\u00e9e' means 'stime di sopravvivenza' means 'estimativas de sobreviv\u00eancia' means '\u041e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'highly heterogeneous' means 'sehr heterogen' means 'muy heterog\u00e9neo' means 'tr\u00e8s h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne' means 'altamente eterogenea' means 'altamente heterog\u00e9neos' means '\u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435'" }, { "id": "4", "en": "Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects approximately 26% of women worldwide and is driven by a complex interplay of factors across individual, relationship/household, community and societal levels. Individual and relationship/household factors are well studied however little empirical evidence exists on factors at the community level that drive IPV which are needed to inform prevention interventions. We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-level analysis of factors associated with women's IPV experience in Samoa using the 2019-20 Demographic and Health Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. We used hierarchical multivariable logistic regression to assess individual, relationship/household and community level effects on women's risk of physical, sexual and/or emotional IPV. The past year prevalence of physical, sexual and/or emotional IPV among women in Samoa was 31.4%. At the individual and relationship/household level, women's employment, witnessing IPV between parents, experiencing physical abuse from a parent, and partner's alcohol use and controlling behaviours were associated with higher risk of IPV. At the community level, higher levels of women with higher education and involved in household decision-making, and higher levels of men in employment were protective against IPV. A complex interplay of factors across individual, relationship/household and community levels are associated with women's experience of IPV in Samoa. Experiences of IPV are embedded within a broader context of violence against children and harmful alcohol use. Community contexts, including women's empowerment and men's employment, are also associated with women's IPV experience in Samoa. These findings not only demonstrate that public health issues such as IPV, violence against children and harmful alcohol use should be addressed together as part of multi-pronged approaches, but they point towards the importance of community-level analyses for designing and delivering community-based interventions. Greater knowledge of community dynamics will enable community-based interventions to create environments at the community level that support meaningful and sustainable change towards IPV prevention. Funding for this study was provided by UKRI (ref. MR/S033629/1).", "it": "E tusa ma le 26 % o tamaitai ua aafia I saua\u2019ga i faigapa\u2019aga i le lalolagi atoa e afua mai i ni mafua\u2019aga mai le tagata lava ia, fai\u2019a ma le aiga o loo nofotane ai, faapea lona tulaga I lona i lona nuu po o le sio\u2019siomaga o nofo ai. O faigapaa\u2019ga taitoatasi ma le siosiomaga I aiga taitasi o nonofo ai sa mafuli I ai lenei sue\u2019suega, ae e faa\u2019leai ni mafuaaga o sau\u2019aga i nuu e manaomia e fuafua ai ni tali o lenei faa\u2019fitauli tu\u2019ga. Sa faa\u2019ogaina ni i\u2019uga o mafuaaga o Sau\u2019aga o Faigapaaga mai le Nofoaga filiafila e le suesuega a le Soifua Maloloina na aa\u2019fia ai tamaitai Samoa mai le tausaga 2019-20. Sa faaogaina le metotia ua taua faaperetania (Hierarchical Multivariable Logistic Regression) e suesueina ai tama\u2019itai taitasi ua aa\u2019fia ma latou fai\u2019a ma aiga o latou paaga, o le aa\u2019fiaga o nuu ma nofoaga i nei ituaiga sau\u2019aga. E tusa ma le 31.4% o tamaitai Samoa na aa\u2019fia i sauaga faa\u2019faigapaaga e aafia ai le tino, feusuaiga, mafaufau ma lagona. O le va o le tamaitai ma le aiga o lana paaga I le itu I le tamaoaiga, lona tulaga I galuega ua molimauina ai sau\u2019aga I le va o matua o le tamaitai ma matua foi o lana pa\u2019aga. O upu faa\u2019luma\u2019luma a matua, o le taumafa ava malosi ma le pule\u2019pule tutu o matua I fanau o tulaga ia ua avea ma faapogai o sau\u2019aga I le va o tamaitai ma latou paa\u2019ga. I totonu o nuu ma alalafaga e maualuga le numera o tamaitai aoaoina lelei o oloo auai I le faiga o faaiuga faapea foi ta\u2019malii faigaluega lelei latou te puipui\u2019a tama\u2019itai mai sauaga ma latou paa\u2019ga. E lavelave ma faigata ona manino mai mafua\u2019ga e aa\u2019fia ai tamaitai i sauaga fai\u2019faapaaga ona o le mafua\u2019aga e mai lava i a te ia ma lona va ma lona aiga o loo nofotane ai, o matua aemaise foi le nuu. O aa\u2019fiaga o nei sa\u2019uaga ua aafia ai le fanau ona o le inu ava malosi le tau\u2019pulea. O le siitia o tulaga o le aoaoina ma le tamaoaiga o tina ma le lelei o galuega a alii i nuu ma a\u2019lala\u2019faga, ua maitauina ua avea ma mafuaa\u2019ga o nei sau\u2019aga i Samoa. O tau\u2019nuuga o lenei suesuega, ua faa\u2019ilo ai i le vaega o le Soifua Maloloina Lautele o Sau\u2019aga o fanau ma le inu ava malosi le tau pule\u2019a e ta\u2019tau ona faavae ai ni fofo o lenei faafitauli o Sau\u2019aga o faa\u2019faigapaaga e taulamua ai nuu ma alalafaga. O le ao\u2019ga o le malamalama lelei I faavae o nuu ma alalafaga, o se atamai sili lelei ona lelei e faataatiatia ai alafua e gafataulimaina e nuu taitasi ina ia faa\u2019foia ai Sau\u2019aga I Fai\u2019gapaaga mo se nofo lelei o aiga taitasi. O lenei Suesuega na faa\u2019tupeina e le faa\u2019lapotopotoga ale UKRI (ref. MR/S033629/1). This translation in Samoan was submitted by the authors and we reproduce it as supplied. It has not been peer reviewed. Our editorial processes have only been applied to the original abstract in English, which should serve as reference for this manuscript.", "keywords": [ "intimate partner violence", "IPV", "complex interplay", "empirical evidence", "cross-sectional", "multi-level analysis", "Demographic and Health Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey", "hierarchical multivariable logistic regression", "physical abuse", "controlling behaviours", "higher education", "household decision-making", "women's empowerment", "community dynamics", "community-based interventions", "sustainable change", "multi-pronged approaches" ], "keyword_chains": "'violence in the intimate partner' means 'Gewalt durch Partner' means 'violencia de pareja' means 'violence conjugale' means 'violenza da parte del partner intimo' means 'viol\u00eancia de parceiro \u00edntimo' means '\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430'. 'IPV' means 'IPV' means 'VPI y' means 'VPI et' means 'VPI' means 'VPI' means 'IPV'. 'complex interaction' means 'komplexe Wechselwirkung' means 'interacci\u00f3n compleja' means 'interaction complexe' means 'interazione complessa' means 'Intera\u00e7\u00e3o complexa' means '\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435'. 'empirical evidence' means 'empirische Beweise' means 'pruebas emp\u00edricas' means 'preuve empirique' means 'prove empiriche' means 'evid\u00eancias emp\u00edricas' means '\u044d\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'with a cross-sectional dimension of' means 'mit Querschnitt' means 'de secci\u00f3n transversal' means '\u00e0 section transversale' means 'di sezione trasversale' means 'de sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal' means '\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'the multi-level analysis' means 'Mehrstufige Analyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis de varios niveles' means 'analyse \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux' means 'analisi a pi\u00f9 livelli' means 'An\u00e1lise de n\u00edveis m\u00faltiplos' means '\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'Demographic and health multiple indicator cluster survey' means 'Cluster-Erhebung mit mehreren Indikatoren zu demographischen und gesundheitlichen Fragen' means 'Encuesta de agrupaci\u00f3n de indicadores m\u00faltiples sobre demograf\u00eda y salud' means 'Enqu\u00eate de grappes \u00e0 indicateurs multiples sur la d\u00e9mographie et la sant\u00e9' means 'Indagine di cluster multiindicatore sulla demografia e la salute' means 'Enquete por clusters de indicadores m\u00faltiplos sobre demografia e sa\u00fade' means '\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c'. 'The following table summarizes the results of the analysis:' means 'Hierarchische multivariable logistische Regression' means 'Regresi\u00f3n log\u00edstica multivariable jer\u00e1rquica' means 'r\u00e9gression logistique multivariable hi\u00e9rarchique' means 'Regressione logistica gerarchica multivariabile' means 'Regress\u00e3o log\u00edstica multivari\u00e1vel hier\u00e1rquica' means '\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f'. 'physical abuse' means 'K\u00f6rperliche Misshandlung' means 'abuso f\u00edsico' means 'violence physique' means 'abuso fisico' means 'abuso f\u00edsico' means '\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435'. 'controlled behaviours' means 'Kontrollverhalten' means 'comportamientos de control' means 'comportements de contr\u00f4le' means 'comportamenti di controllo' means 'comportamentos de controlo' means '\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'higher education' means 'Hochschulbildung' means 'educaci\u00f3n superior' means 'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur' means 'istruzione superiore' means 'ensino superior' means '\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'household decision-making' means 'Entscheidungsprozesse im Haushalt' means 'toma de decisiones en el hogar' means 'prise de d\u00e9cision par le m\u00e9nage' means 'processo decisionale delle famiglie' means 'tomada de decis\u00f5es por parte das fam\u00edlias' means '\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445'. 'empowerment of women' means 'Frauen empowerment' means 'empoderamiento de las mujeres' means 'l'autonomisation des femmes' means 'l'emancipazione delle donne' means 'Empoderamento das mulheres' means '\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d'. 'community dynamics' means 'Gemeinschaftliche Dynamik' means 'Din\u00e1mica de las comunidades' means 'dynamique de la communaut\u00e9' means 'dinamiche della comunit\u00e0' means 'din\u00e2mica da comunidade' means '\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430'. 'community-based interventions' means 'Gemeinschaftsinterventionen' means 'Intervenciones basadas en la comunidad' means 'interventions communautaires' means 'interventi a livello comunitario' means 'interven\u00e7\u00f5es comunit\u00e1rias' means '\u041c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435'. 'sustainable change' means 'nachhaltige Ver\u00e4nderung' means 'cambio sostenible' means 'changement durable' means 'cambiamento sostenibile' means 'mudan\u00e7a sustent\u00e1vel' means '\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'multi-pronged approaches' means 'Mehrspurige Ans\u00e4tze' means 'Enfoques en varias l\u00edneas' means 'approches \u00e0 volets multiples' means 'approcci a pi\u00f9 fronti' means 'abordagens multifacetadas' means '\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b'" }, { "id": "5", "en": "Gastric cancer is the 4th most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 40%. In recent years, many artificial intelligence applications have been used in the field of gastric cancer through their effective computing and learning ability. In this study, we aim to develop a software that can accurately detect overall survival in gastric cancer cases with the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning. The study included 34417 patients' data diagnosed with gastric cancer between 2010 and 2015. The main hypothesis in the study was overall survival (OS) in years, defined from the date of diagnosis to the date of death or, for living patients, the last control date. In addition to survival, other variables selected for the analyzes were age at diagnosis, race, gender, behavior, primary site, grade, histology, T stage, N stage, M stage and size of the tumor, vital status, and follow-up time (months). The median overall survival of the patients was found to be 15.00\u00b10.20 years. Median life expectancy was found to be 21.00\u00b10.85 years for those younger than 50 years of age, 20.00\u00b10.43 years for those aged 50-69 years, and 10.00\u00b10.22 years for those aged 70 and over. Especially artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning lead to remarkable developments in the field of gastric cancer. With the ability to compute and learn we think that use of artificial intelligence will be revolutionary in gastric cancer in terms of diagnosis and prognosis. Artificial intelligence, Gastric cancer, Survival.", "it": "Il cancro gastrico \u00e8 la quarta causa pi\u00f9 frequente di decessi per cancro, con un tasso di sopravvivenza a 5 anni inferiore al 40%. Negli ultimi anni, molte applicazioni di intelligenza artificiale sono state utilizzate nel campo del cancro gastrico grazie alla loro efficace capacit\u00e0 di elaborazione e apprendimento. In questo studio, miriamo a sviluppare un software in grado di rilevare con precisione la sopravvivenza globale nei casi di cancro gastrico con l\u2019aiuto dell\u2019intelligenza artificiale e dell\u2019apprendimento automatico. METODI: Lo studio ha incluso 34417 dati di pazienti con diagnosi di cancro gastrico tra il 2010 e il 2015. L\u2019ipotesi principale nello studio era la sopravvivenza globale (OS) in anni, definita dalla data di diagnosi alla data di morte o, per i pazienti vivi, l\u2019ultima data di controllo. Oltre alla sopravvivenza, altre variabili selezionate per le analisi erano l\u2019et\u00e0 alla diagnosi, la razza, il sesso, il comportamento, la sede primaria, il grado, l\u2019istologia, lo stadio T, lo stadio N, lo stadio M e le dimensioni del tumore, lo stato vitale e il follow-up, tempo (mesi). RISULTATI: la sopravvivenza globale mediana dei pazienti \u00e8 risultata essere di 15,00\u00b10,20 anni. L\u2019aspettativa di vita mediana \u00e8 risultata essere di 21,00 \u00b1 0,85 anni per quelli di et\u00e0 inferiore ai 50 anni, 20,00 \u00b1 0,43 anni per quelli di et\u00e0 compresa tra 50 e 69 anni e 10,00 \u00b1 0,22 anni per quelli di et\u00e0 pari o superiore a 70 anni. Soprattutto le tecniche di intelligenza artificiale come l\u2019apprendimento automatico e il deep learning portano a notevoli sviluppi nel campo del cancro gastrico. CONCLUSIONE: Con la capacit\u00e0 di calcolare e apprendere, pensiamo che l\u2019uso dell\u2019intelligenza artificiale sar\u00e0 rivoluzionario nel cancro gastrico in termini di diagnosi e prognosi.", "keywords": [ "Gastric cancer", "artificial intelligence", "machine learning", "overall survival", "OS", "diagnosis", "vital status", "T stage", "N stage", "M stage", "histology", "median overall survival", "life expectancy", "age at diagnosis", "behavior", "primary site", "grade", "tumor size", "follow-up time", "deep learning" ], "keyword_chains": "'Gastric cancer' means 'Magenkrebs' means 'C\u00e1ncer g\u00e1strico' means 'Cancer du c\u00f4lon' means 'Cancro gastrico' means 'C\u00e2ncer g\u00e1strico' means '\u0420\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043a\u0430'. 'other' means 'k\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz' means 'Inteligencia artificial' means 'le secteur de la sant\u00e9' means 'intelligenza artificiale' means 'Intelig\u00eancia artificial' means '\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442'. 'machine learning' means 'Maschinelles Lernen' means 'aprendizaje autom\u00e1tico' means 'apprentissage par machine' means 'apprendimento automatico' means 'aprendizagem de m\u00e1quina' means '\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'overall survival' means 'Gesamt\u00fcberlebensrate' means 'supervivencia global' means 'survie globale' means 'sopravvivenza globale' means 'sobreviv\u00eancia global' means '\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'Other' means 'Betriebsbedingungen' means 'Sistema de gesti\u00f3n' means 'Le syst\u00e8me de' means 'Sistema operativo' means 'Sistema operacional' means '\u041e\u0421'. 'the diagnosis' means 'Diagnose' means 'diagn\u00f3stico' means 'le diagnostic' means 'diagnosi' means 'diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'the vital status' means 'lebenswichtiger Zustand' means 'estado vital' means '\u00e9tat vital' means 'stato vitale' means 'estado vital' means '\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441'. 'T stage' means 'T-Stufe' means 'Etapa T' means 'Stade T' means 'Fase T' means 'Fase T' means '\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0422'. 'N stage' means 'N-Stufe' means 'N etapa' means 'N \u00e9tape' means 'Fase N' means 'N est\u00e1gio' means 'N \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f'. 'M stage' means 'M-Stufe' means 'Etapa M' means 'Stade M' means 'Fase M' means 'Fase M' means '\u041c-\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f'. 'histology' means 'histologische' means 'histolog\u00eda' means 'le traitement' means 'istologia' means 'Histologia' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'median overall survival' means 'mediane Gesamt\u00fcberlebenszeit' means 'mediana de la supervivencia global' means 'survie globale m\u00e9diane' means 'sopravvivenza complessiva mediana' means 'sobreviv\u00eancia global mediana' means '\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'life expectancy' means 'Lebenserwartung' means 'esperanza de vida' means 'esp\u00e9rance de vie' means 'aspettativa di vita' means 'expectativa de vida' means '\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438'. 'age at diagnosis' means 'Alter bei der Diagnose' means 'edad en el momento del diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u00e2ge au moment du diagnostic' means 'et\u00e0 alla diagnosi' means 'idade no momento do diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0430'. 'the behaviour' means 'Verhalten' means 'comportamiento' means 'comportement' means 'comportamento' means 'comportamento' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'primary site' means 'Hauptstandort' means 'sitio primario' means 'site primaire' means 'sito primario' means 'local prim\u00e1rio' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e'. 'grade' means 'Klasse' means 'grado' means 'cat\u00e9gorie' means 'grado' means 'grau' means '\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441'. 'size of the tumor' means 'Tumorgr\u00f6\u00dfe' means 'tama\u00f1o del tumor' means 'taille de la tumeur' means 'dimensione del tumore' means 'tamanho do tumor' means '\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'follow-up time' means 'Nachsorgezeit' means 'tiempo de seguimiento' means 'temps de suivi' means 'tempo di follow-up' means 'Tempo de acompanhamento' means '\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'deep learning' means 'tiefes Lernen' means 'aprendizaje profundo' means 'apprentissage en profondeur' means 'apprendimento approfondito' means 'aprendizagem profunda' means '\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "6", "en": "To identify and synthesize evidence regarding the documented relationship between the standardized nursing terminologies and the unfinished nursing care phenomenon. A systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Complete databases were last consulted on November 27, 2023. The review included primary quantitative studies that reported an association between recognized standardized nursing terminologies and unfinished nursing care. Two researchers completedtitle and abstract and full-text screening. Our search identified 149 citations. A full-text review of one paper was undertaken. No studies met our inclusion criteria. We report an empty review. Standardized nursing terminologies and Unfinished Care are two sides of the same coin: despite their potential commonalities, no studies have documented their potential links. Digital systems, such as electronic health records and decision support systems, could foster this linkage. This review suggests that linking the conceptual frameworks can promote the diffusion of standardized nursing terminologies in clinical practice and increase accuracy in the measurement of Unfinished Care. This synergy could promote the contribution of nursing knowledge to patient care, nursing visibility, and be beneficial to clinical nurses, managers, and healthcare systems to international level.", "it": "Identificare e sintetizzare le evidenze riguardanti la relazione documentata tra le terminologie infermieristiche standardizzate e l'assistenza infermieristica incompleta. Revisione sistematica secondo le linee guida Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses. I database PubMed, Scopus e CINAHL Complete sono stati consultati il 27 novembre 2023. La revisione includeva studi quantitativi primari che riportavano un'associazione tra terminologie infermieristiche standardizzate riconosciute e l'assistenza infermieristica incompleta. Due ricercatori hanno completato lo screening dei titoli, degli abstract e dei full text. La nostra ricerca ha identificato 149 studi. \u00c8 stata effettuata una revisione del full text di un articolo. Nessuno studio ha soddisfatto i nostri criteri di inclusione. Riportiamo una empty review. Le terminologie infermieristiche standardizzate e l'assistenza incompleta sono due facce della stessa medaglia: nonostante i loro potenziali punti in comune, nessuno studio ha documentato i loro potenziali legami. I sistemi digitali, come le cartelle cliniche elettroniche e i sistemi di supporto decisionali, potrebbero favorire questo collegamento. Questa revisione suggerisce che il collegamento dei quadri concettuali pu\u00f2 promuovere la diffusione di terminologie infermieristiche standardizzate nella pratica clinica e aumentare l'accuratezza nella misurazione delle cure incomplete. Questa sinergia pu\u00f2 promuovere il contributo della conoscenza infermieristica all'assistenza del paziente, la visibilit\u00e0 infermieristica ed essere vantaggiosa per gli infermieri clinici, i manager e i sistemi sanitari a livello internazionale.", "keywords": [ "standardized nursing terminologies", "unfinished nursing care", "systematic review", "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses", "quantitative studies", "association", "empty review", "conceptual frameworks", "digital systems", "electronic health records", "decision support systems", "nursing knowledge", "nursing visibility", "clinical practice", "measurement" ], "keyword_chains": "'standardized nursing terminologies' means 'Standardisierte Pflegeterminologien' means 'terminolog\u00edas estandarizadas de enfermer\u00eda' means 'terminologies de soins infirmiers normalis\u00e9es' means 'terminologie infermieristiche standardizzate' means 'terminologias normalizadas de enfermagem' means '\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430'. 'unfinished nursing care' means 'unvollendete Pflege' means 'cuidados de enfermer\u00eda no terminados' means 'soins infirmiers non termin\u00e9s' means 'assistenza infermieristica incompiuta' means 'cuidados de enfermagem inacabados' means '\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438'. 'systematic review of the' means 'systematische \u00dcberpr\u00fcfung' means 'revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u00e9valuation syst\u00e9matique' means 'revisione sistematica' means 'Revis\u00e3o sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440'. 'Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses' means 'Vorzugsposten f\u00fcr systematische \u00dcberpr\u00fcfungen und Meta-Analysen' means 'Art\u00edculos preferidos de informaci\u00f3n para las revisiones sistem\u00e1ticas y los metan\u00e1lisis' means 'Titres de d\u00e9claration pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s pour les examens syst\u00e9matiques et les m\u00e9ta-analyses' means 'Articolo preferito per le revisioni sistematiche e le meta-analisi' means 'Elementos de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o preferidos para revis\u00f5es sistem\u00e1ticas e meta-an\u00e1lises' means '\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432'. 'quantitative studies' means 'quantitative Untersuchungen' means 'estudios cuantitativos' means '\u00e9tudes quantitatives' means 'studi quantitativi' means 'Estudos quantitativos' means '\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'association' means 'Vereinigung' means 'asociaci\u00f3n' means 'groupe' means 'associazione' means 'associa\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'the empty review' means 'leere \u00dcberpr\u00fcfung' means 'revisi\u00f3n vac\u00eda' means 'examen vide' means 'revisione vuota' means 'revis\u00e3o vazia' means '\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440'. 'conceptual frameworks' means 'Konzeptionelle Rahmenbedingungen' means 'marco conceptual' means 'cadres conceptuels' means 'quadri concettuali' means 'Quadros conceituais' means '\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438'. 'digital systems' means 'digitale Systeme' means 'Sistemas digitales' means 'syst\u00e8mes num\u00e9riques' means 'sistemi digitali' means 'Sistemas digitais' means '\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b'. 'electronic health records' means 'elektronische Gesundheitsakten' means 'registros electr\u00f3nicos de salud' means 'dossiers m\u00e9dicaux \u00e9lectroniques' means 'cartelle cliniche elettroniche' means 'Registros m\u00e9dicos eletr\u00f3nicos' means '\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438'. 'decision support systems' means 'Entscheidungshilfssysteme' means 'sistemas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones' means 'syst\u00e8mes d'aide \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision' means 'sistemi di supporto alle decisioni' means 'Sistemas de apoio \u00e0 decis\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439'. 'nursing knowledge' means 'Pflegeerfahrung' means 'conocimientos de enfermer\u00eda' means 'connaissance en soins infirmiers' means 'conoscenze in materia di infermieristica' means 'conhecimentos de enfermagem' means '\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430'. 'nursing visibility' means 'Pflege-Sichtbarkeit' means 'visibilidad de enfermer\u00eda' means 'visibilit\u00e9 des soins infirmiers' means 'visibilit\u00e0 infermieristica' means 'visibilidade de enfermagem' means '\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'clinical practice' means 'klinische Praxis' means 'pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica' means 'pratique clinique' means 'pratica clinica' means 'pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'measurement' means 'Messung' means 'medici\u00f3n' means 'mesure' means 'misurazione' means 'medi\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "7", "en": "The aetiology of neurosensorial damage with unilateral hearing loss and/or tinnitus and dizziness can often be difficult to determine because they may be caused wide variety of pathologic processes and a variety of diagnostic tests are needed in initial evaluation. In this paper, the authors describe, the techniques and indications of neuroimaging for evaluation of auditory symptoms. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing is still the choice when condition is suspected. We present a study of one patient with unilateral tinnitus, with no significant hearing loss and normal ABR: the patient underwent MRI of the district brain and the internal auditory channel (AIC) that showed the presence of a rare intracranial neoplasm, namely cerebellar angioreticuloma.", "it": "Nella pratica clinica l'eziologia della sintomatologia audiologica e/o vestibolare pu\u00f2 spesso essere difficile da determinare, poich\u00e9 svariati processi patologici possono esserne responsabili e numerosi test diagnostici vengono utilizzati nella valutazione iniziale. In questo lavoro, gli autori descrivono in dettaglio un caso clinico caratterizzato da assenza di significativa ipoacusia neurosensoriale, presenza di acufeni monolaterali e normalit\u00e0 dell'esame ABR. Il paziente \u00e8 stato sottoposto a Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare del distretto encefalico e dei condotti uditivi interni. L'indagine neuroradiologica ha rilevato la presenza di una neoplasia intracranica rara, l'angioreticuloma cerebellare.", "keywords": [ "aetiology", "neurosensorial", "unilateral", "tinnitus", "dizziness", "pathologic", "diagnostic", "evaluation", "neuroimaging", "auditory", "brainstem", "response", "ABR", "condition", "MRI", "district", "internal", "auditory", "channel", "AIC", "intracranial", "neoplasm", "cerebellar", "angioreticuloma" ], "keyword_chains": "'aetiology' means '\u00c4tiologie' means 'etiolog\u00eda' means '\u00e9tiologie' means 'etiologia' means 'etiologia' means '\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'neurosensory' means 'Neurosensorielle' means 'neurosensorial' means 'neurosensorielle' means 'neurosensoriale' means 'neurossensorial' means '\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'unilateral' means 'einseitig' means 'unilateral' means 'unilat\u00e9rale' means 'unilaterale' means 'Unilateral' means '\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435'. 'ear pain' means 'Schallger\u00e4usche' means 'el tinnitus' means '\u00e9coulement' means 'acufene' means 'ac\u00famulo' means '\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d \u0432 \u0443\u0448\u0430\u0445'. 'dizziness' means 'Schwindel' means 'mareos' means '\u00e9tourdissement' means 'vertigini' means 'tonturas' means '\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'pathological' means 'pathologische' means 'patol\u00f3gico' means 'pathologique' means 'patologica' means 'patol\u00f3gico' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f'. 'diagnostic and' means 'Diagnose' means 'diagn\u00f3stico' means 'd\u00e9tection' means 'diagnostica' means 'diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'the evaluation' means 'Auswertung' means 'evaluaci\u00f3n' means '\u00e9valuation' means 'valutazione' means 'avalia\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430'. 'Neuroimaging and imaging' means 'Neuroimaging' means 'neuroimagenolog\u00eda' means 'neuroimagerie' means 'neuroimaging' means 'neuroimagem' means '\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'hearing' means 'H\u00f6rfunktionen' means 'auditivo' means 'auditifs' means 'auditivo' means 'auditivo' means '\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435'. 'brain stem' means 'Gehirntamm' means 'tronco del cerebro' means 'tronc c\u00e9r\u00e9bral' means 'tronco cerebrale' means 'tronco cerebral' means '\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043b'. 'response' means 'Antwort' means 'respuesta' means 'r\u00e9ponse' means 'risposta' means 'resposta' means '\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442'. 'Other' means 'ABR' means 'El n\u00famero de' means 'R\u00e9gime de d\u00e9marrage' means 'ABR' means 'ABR' means 'ABR (\u043e\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b.'. 'condition' means 'Zustand' means 'condici\u00f3n' means 'condition' means 'condizione' means 'condi\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'MRI and' means 'MRT' means 'Resonancia magn\u00e9tica' means 'IRM' means 'Risonanza magnetica' means 'RMN' means '\u041c\u0420\u0422'. 'district' means 'Bezirk' means 'distrito' means 'district' means 'distretto' means 'distrito' means '\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d'. 'internal' means 'Innen' means 'de las' means '\u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur' means 'interno' means 'Interno' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'hearing' means 'H\u00f6rfunktionen' means 'auditivo' means 'auditifs' means 'auditivo' means 'auditivo' means '\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435'. 'channel' means 'Kanal' means 'canal' means 'canal' means 'canale' means 'canal' means '\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b'. 'AIC' means 'AIC' means 'AIC' means 'AIC (en anglais seulement)' means 'AIC' means 'AIC' means '\u0410\u0421\u041a'. 'intracranial' means 'Intrakranielle' means 'En el interior del cr\u00e1neo' means '\u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur du cr\u00e2ne' means 'intracranico' means 'Intracraniano' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043d\u0430\u044f'. 'other' means 'Neoplasmen' means 'Neoplasia en el cuerpo' means 'n\u00e9oplasme' means 'neoplasia' means 'neoplasia' means '\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'cerebellar' means 'Zerebel' means 'cerebelo y' means 'c\u00e9r\u00e9belleuse' means 'cerebellari' means 'cerebelar' means '\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439'. 'other' means 'Angioreticulom' means 'Enfermedad de las v\u00edas respiratorias' means '- le cancer du c\u00f4lon' means 'angioreticuloma' means 'angiorreticuloma' means '\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430'" }, { "id": "8", "en": "A\u0130M: This study aimed to observe the clinical outcomes of phenol treatment in patients with recurrent pilonidal sinus disease. MATER\u0130AL AND METHODS: This study retrospectively collected data from 107 patients with recurrent the pilonidal disease who received phenol treatment in a single institute. Patients were divided into two groups as successful treatment (ST) and unsuccessful treatment (UST) after phenol application. A comparison was held between groups to define factors associated with failure treatment. RESULTS: There were 89 patients in ST and 18 patients in UST group. The treatment success rate after phenol treatment was 83.2%. We observed no difference between ST and UST in terms of age, gender, family history, surgical technique at the first operation, time to recurrence, procedure time, follow-up time, time to return to work, walk without pain or sit on the toilet without pain (p>0.05). However, smoking rate, presence of comorbidity, and mean BMI were statistically significantly higher in the UST group compared to the ST group (p<0.05). In addition, being obese (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.07 - 5.60), having a comorbid disease (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.29 - 7.47), and smoking (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 0.85 - 4.53) were significantly associated with treatment failure. CONCLUS\u0130ON: Phenol treatment is an effective and simple procedure that could be easily applied even in rural hospitals in an outpatient fashion. Therefore, it should be considered for patients suffering from recurrence without the need for an aggressive surgical excision. KEY WORDS: Crystallized phenol, Pilonidal sinus, Recurrence.", "it": "Questo studio \u00e8 finalizzato ad osservare gli esiti clinici del trattamento con fenolo nei pazienti con malattia del seno pilonidale ricorrente. Nello studio ha sono stati raccolti retrospettivamente i dati di 107 pazienti con recidiva della malattia pilonidale che hanno ricevuto un trattamento con fenolo in un unico istituto. I pazienti sono stati divisi in due gruppi come trattamento riuscito (ST) e trattamento non riuscito (UST) dopo l\u2019applicazione di fenolo. \u00c8 stato effettuato un confronto tra i gruppi per definire i fattori associati al fallimento del trattamento. Nel gruppo ST sono rappresentati 89 pazienti, e nel gruppo UST 18 pazienti. Il tasso di successo dopo trattamento con fenolo \u00e8 del 83,2%. Non abbiamo osservato differenze tra ST e UST in termini di et\u00e0, sesso, storia familiare, tecnica chirurgica al primo intervento, tempo alla recidiva, tempo della procedura, tempo di follow- up, intervallo di ritorno al lavoro, cammino senza dolore o sedersi sul wc senza dolore (p>0,05). Tuttavia il fattore fumo, la presenza di comorbilit\u00e0 e il BMI medio erano statisticamente significativamente pi\u00f9 alti nel gruppo UST rispetto al gruppo ST (p<0,05). Inoltre, essere obesi (OR: 2,45, IC 95%: 1,07 - 5,60), avere una comorbidit\u00e0 (OR: 3,11, IC 95%: 1,29 - 7,47) e fumare (OR: 1,97, IC 95%: 0,85 - 4.53) erano significativamente associati al fallimento del trattamento. In conclusione il trattamento con fenolo si \u00e8 dimostrata una procedura efficace e semplice che potrebbe essere facilmente applicata anche negli ospedali rurali in modo ambulatoriale. Pertanto, dovrebbe essere considerato per i pazienti che soffrono di recidiva senza la necessit\u00e0 di un\u2019escissione chirurgica aggressiva.", "keywords": [ "A\u0130M", "phenol treatment", "pilonidal sinus disease", "retrospectively", "successful treatment (ST)", "unsuccessful treatment (UST)", "failure treatment", "treatment success rate", "comorbidity", "mean BMI", "obese", "comorbid disease", "treatment failure", "outpatient fashion", "aggressive surgical excision", "Crystallized phenol", "Recurrence" ], "keyword_chains": "'AIM and' means 'A\u0130M' means 'AIM: El hombre de la ciudad' means 'AIM: Nom de l'entreprise' means 'AIM' means 'AIM' means '\u0410\u0418\u041c'. 'phenol treatment' means 'Phenolbehandlung' means 'tratamiento con fenol' means 'traitement au ph\u00e9nol' means 'trattamento con fenolo' means 'Tratamento com fenol' means '\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c'. 'pain in the chest' means 'Schmerz im Pilonidalsinus' means 'enfermedad del seno pilonidal' means 'maladie du sinus pilonidal' means 'malattia del seno pilonidale' means 'doen\u00e7a do seio pilonidal' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0430'. 'retrospectively' means 'r\u00fcckwirkend' means 'con car\u00e1cter retroactivo' means 'r\u00e9trospectivement' means 'retrospettivamente' means 'retrospectivamente' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e'. 'successful treatment (ST)' means 'erfolgreiche Behandlung (ST)' means 'tratamiento exitoso (ST)' means 'traitement r\u00e9ussi (ST)' means 'trattamento di successo (ST)' means 'Tratamento bem sucedido (ST)' means '\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (ST)'. 'unsuccessful treatment (UST)' means 'erfolgloser Behandlung (UST)' means 'Tratamiento sin \u00e9xito (UST)' means 'traitement infructueux (UT)' means 'trattamento non riuscito (UST)' means 'Tratamento sem sucesso (UST)' means '\u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 (UST)'. 'failure treatment' means 'Ausfallbehandlung' means 'tratamiento de fallas' means 'traitement des d\u00e9faillances' means 'trattamento dei guasti' means 'Tratamento de falhas' means '\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439'. 'treatment success rate' means 'Behandlungserfolg' means 'tasa de \u00e9xito del tratamiento' means 'taux de r\u00e9ussite du traitement' means 'tasso di successo del trattamento' means 'taxa de sucesso do tratamento' means '\u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'comorbidity' means 'Komorbidit\u00e4t' means 'enfermedad asociada' means 'comorbidit\u00e9' means 'comorbilit\u00e0' means 'comorbidade' means '\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'mean BMI' means 'Durchschnittlicher BMI' means '\u00edndice de masa corporal medio' means 'indice de masse corporelle moyen' means 'BMI medio' means 'IMC m\u00e9dio' means '\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0418\u041c\u0422'. 'obese or overweight' means '\u00fcbergewichtig' means 'Obeso' means 'ob\u00e8ses' means 'obesi' means 'Obeso' means '\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'comorbid disease' means 'Komorbidit\u00e4t' means 'enfermedad com\u00f3rbida' means 'maladie comorbidit\u00e9' means 'malattia comorbida' means 'doen\u00e7a com\u00f3rbida' means '\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c'. 'treatment failure' means 'Versagen der Behandlung' means 'fallo del tratamiento' means 'd\u00e9faillance du traitement' means 'insufficienza del trattamento' means 'falha do tratamento' means '\u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'outpatient fashion and' means 'Ambulante Mode' means 'moda para pacientes ambulatorios' means 'mode ambulatoire' means 'moda ambulatoriale' means 'moda ambulatorial' means '\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'aggressive surgical excision' means 'aggressive chirurgische Exzision' means 'extirpaci\u00f3n quir\u00fargica agresiva' means 'excision chirurgicale agressive' means 'ascissione chirurgica aggressiva' means 'exciss\u00e3o cir\u00fargica agressiva' means '\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0430'. 'Crystallised phenol' means 'Kristallisiertes Phenol' means 'Fenol cristalizado' means 'ph\u00e9nol cristallis\u00e9' means 'Fenolo cristallizzato' means 'Fenol cristalizado' means '\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b'. 'Recurrence' means 'Wiederholung' means 'Recurrencia' means 'R\u00e9currence' means 'Ricorrenza' means 'Recurr\u00eancia' means '\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'" }, { "id": "9", "en": "This study was conducted on patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal and temporal bone treated with surgery alone or surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy. It was designed as a retrospective investigation with complete long-term follow-up covering the years from 1983 to 2008. The setting was a tertiary referral centre. Forty-one consecutive cases underwent surgery involving en bloc lateral or subtotal temporal bone resection, parotidectomy and neck dissection plus radiotherapy in advanced cases. The Pittsburgh staging system was adopted. No cases were lost to follow-up, which ranged from 2 to 220 months, while for survivors ranged from 60 to 220 months and included clinical examinations and imaging. Outcome was expressed as NED (no evidence of disease), DOC (dead of other causes), DOD (dead of disease), AWD (alive with disease), disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results were expressed with raw data and Kaplan Meyer curves. Patients with T1 and T2 disease had a DFS of 67% and a DSS of 92%. For T3 and T4 cases, the DFS was 41% and DSS was 48%. All treatment failures were due to local recurrences. The cases classified as T4 because the lesion extended from the cartilage canal to the periauricular soft tissues, or from the anterior wall to the parotid space, had a better outcome than the other T4 cases: this different prognosis suggests the need to stage tumours differently. Nodal disease coincided with a worse outcome due to local recurrence.", "it": "L'obiettivo di questo lavoro \u00e8 valutare i risultati a lungo termine del trattamento chirurgico e chirurgico/radioterapico nel carcinoma spinocellulare primitivo del condotto uditivo esterno-osso temporale. Lo studio consiste in una analisi retrospettiva con follow-up a lungo termine. I casi chirurgici sono stati trattati tutti in un centro terziario di riferimento negli anni dal 1983 al 2008. Sono stati analizzati 41 casi di tumore spinocellulare primitivo del condotto uditivo esterno, trattati chirurgicamente con blocco resezione laterale o subtotale del temporale, parotidectomia, svuotamento laterocervicale elettivo o terapeutico. Abbiamo utilizzato la classificazione di Pittsburgh. Il follow-up si estende da 2 mesi a 220 mesi e, per quelli sopravvissuti, da un minimo di 60 mesi a 220 mesi. I risultati sono stati espressi come NED, DOD, DOC e AWD (non-evidenza di malattia, morto per malattia, morto per altre cause e vivo con malattia), con dati crudi e con curve di Kaplan Meyer. I T1-T2 hanno una sopravvivenza libera da malattia del 67%, ed una sopravvivenza specifica per malattia del 92%. I T3-T4 hanno una sopravvivenza libera da malattia del 41% e una sopravvivenza specifica del 48%. Tutti gli insuccessi sono avvenuti per recidiva locale. I casi stadiati come T4 per estensione da cartilagine ai tessuti molli o dalla parete anteriore alla parotide hanno avuto una miglior prognosi rispetto ai T4 con differente estensione mediale, inferiore o posteriore. Questa differenza di prognosi suggerisce la necessit\u00e0 di un cambio della stadiazione. Il coinvolgimento linfonodale implica una prognosi peggiore ma per recidiva locale e non regionale.", "keywords": [ "squamous cell carcinoma", "external auditory canal", "temporal bone", "postoperative radiotherapy", "retrospective investigation", "long-term follow-up", "tertiary referral centre", "en bloc lateral resection", "subtotal temporal bone resection", "parotidectomy", "neck dissection", "Pittsburgh staging system", "NED", "DOC", "DOD", "AWD", "disease-free survival", "DFS", "disease-specific survival", "DSS", "Kaplan Meyer curves", "T1", "T2", "T3", "T4", "local recurrences", "periauricular soft tissues", "anterior wall", "parotid space", "nodal disease" ], "keyword_chains": "'other' means 'Plattenepithelkarzinom' means 'Carcinoma de c\u00e9lulas escamosas' means 'carcinome \u00e9pidermo\u00efde' means 'carcinoma a cellule squamose' means 'Carcinoma de c\u00e9lulas escamosas' means '\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'external auditory canal' means '\u00e4u\u00dferer Geh\u00f6rgang' means 'canal auditivo externo' means 'canal auditif externe' means 'canale uditivo esterno' means 'canal auditivo externo' means '\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b'. 'the temporal bone' means 'Schl\u00e4fenbein' means 'hueso temporal' means 'osse temporelle' means 'osso temporale' means 'osso temporal' means '\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f'. 'postoperative radiotherapy' means 'postoperative Strahlentherapie' means 'radioterapia postoperatoria' means 'radioth\u00e9rapie postop\u00e9ratoire' means 'radioterapia postoperatoria' means 'radioterapia p\u00f3s- operacional' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'the retrospective investigation' means 'R\u00fcckblickende Untersuchung' means 'investigaci\u00f3n retrospectiva' means 'enqu\u00eate r\u00e9trospective' means 'indagine retrospettiva' means 'Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o retrospectiva' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'long-term follow-up' means 'Langzeit-Follow-up' means 'seguimiento a largo plazo' means 'suivi \u00e0 long terme' means 'follow-up a lungo termine' means 'acompanhamento a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'tertiary referral centre' means 'Terti\u00e4rer Vermittlungszentrum' means 'Centro de referencia de educaci\u00f3n terciaria' means 'centre de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence tertiaire' means 'Centro di riferimento terziario' means 'Centro de refer\u00eancia terci\u00e1rio' means '\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440'. 'en bloc lateral resection' means 'en bloc seitliche Resektion' means 'Resesi\u00f3n lateral en bloque' means 'R\u00e9section lat\u00e9rale en bloc' means 'Risezione laterale in blocco' means 'Ressec\u00e7\u00e3o lateral em bloco' means '\u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'subtotal temporal bone resection' means 'Subtotal-Schl\u00e4fenbeinresektion' means 'Resesi\u00f3n subtotal del hueso temporal' means 'R\u00e9section partielle de l'os temporal' means 'Ressezione subtotale dell' osso temporale' means 'Ressec\u00e7\u00e3o subtotal do osso temporal' means '\u0441\u0443\u0431\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'parotidectomy' means 'Ausblutung' means 'Parotidectom\u00eda' means 'd\u00e9chirure de la parotide' means 'parotidectomia' means 'Parotidectomia' means '\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'neck dissection' means 'Hals-Dissektion' means 'disecci\u00f3n del cuello' means 'dissection du cou' means 'dissezione del collo' means 'dissec\u00e7\u00e3o do pesco\u00e7o' means '\u0414\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0435\u0438'. 'Pittsburgh staging system' means 'Pittsburgh-Staging-System' means 'Sistema de puesta en escena de Pittsburgh' means 'Syst\u00e8me de mise en sc\u00e8ne de Pittsburgh' means 'Sistema di staging di Pittsburgh' means 'Sistema de estagiamento de Pittsburgh' means '\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0441\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430'. 'NED' means 'NED' means 'NED (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'NED (en anglais)' means 'NED' means 'NED' means '\u041d\u042d\u0414'. 'French' means 'Verpackung' means 'El mismo' means 'Nom de l'entreprise' means 'Doc' means 'DOC (em ingl\u00eas)' means '\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'Department of Defense' means 'Verteidigungsministerium' means 'Departamento de Defensa' means 'D\u00e9partement de la d\u00e9fense' means 'Dipartimento della Difesa' means 'DOD' means '\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b'. 'AWD' means 'AWD' means 'Dispositivo de control de la luz' means 'Le syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9tection' means 'Dispositivo di allarme' means 'Sistema de controlo de tra\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0414\u0412\u0414'. 'disease-free survival' means 'Krankheitsfreies \u00dcberleben' means 'supervivencia libre de enfermedad' means 'survie sans maladie' means 'sopravvivenza libera da malattia' means 'sobreviv\u00eancia livre de doen\u00e7a' means '\u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'DFS' means 'DFS' means 'DFS (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'DFS' means 'DFS' means 'DFS' means '\u0414\u0424\u0421'. 'disease-specific survival' means 'Krankheitsspezifische \u00dcberlebensrate' means 'supervivencia espec\u00edfica de la enfermedad' means 'survie sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la maladie' means 'sopravvivenza specifica della malattia' means 'sobreviv\u00eancia espec\u00edfica da doen\u00e7a' means '\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'DSS' means 'DSS' means 'DSS (Sistema de seguridad)' means 'DSS' means 'DSS' means 'DSS' means 'DSS'. 'The Kaplan-Meyer curves' means 'Kaplan-Meyer-Kurven' means 'Las curvas de Kaplan Meyer' means 'Les courbes de Kaplan Meyer' means 'Curve di Kaplan Meyer' means 'Curvas de Kaplan Meyer' means '\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430'. 'T1' means 'T1' means 'T1 y T2' means 'T1' means 'T1' means 'T1' means '\u04221'. 'T2' means 'T2' means 'T2 y' means 'T2' means 'T2' means 'T2' means '\u04222'. 'T3' means 'T3' means 'T3 y' means 'T3' means 'T3' means 'T3' means '\u04223'. 'T4' means 'T4' means 'T4 y' means 'T4' means 'T4' means 'T4' means '\u04224'. 'local recurrences' means 'lokale Wiederholungen' means 'recurrencias locales' means 'r\u00e9currences locales' means 'recidive locali' means 'recorr\u00eancias locais' means '\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u044b'. 'periauricular soft tissues' means 'periaurikul\u00e4re Weichgewebe' means 'tejidos blandos periariaculares' means 'tissus mous p\u00e9ri-aiculaires' means 'tessuti molli periariaculari' means 'Tecidos moles peri-auriculares' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438'. 'front wall' means 'Vorderwand' means 'pared anterior' means 'paroi ant\u00e9rieure' means 'parete anteriore' means 'parede anterior' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430'. 'parotid space' means 'Sch\u00e4delh\u00f6hlenraum' means 'espacio par\u00f3tico' means 'espace parotidien' means 'spazio parotidale' means 'espa\u00e7o par\u00f3tido' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0430'. 'painful' means 'Knotenkrankheit' means 'enfermedad nodal' means 'maladie nodulaire' means 'malattia nodosa' means 'doen\u00e7a nodal' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432'" }, { "id": "10", "en": "The colorectal cancer rate under the age 50 years tends to increase, and we aimed to identify the general features of early-onset colorectal cancer and the differences between cancer in younger and older patients. The patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery between 2016 and 2021 were included. The subjects were divided into two groups by age under and over 50. Demographic, clinical, and pathological features of early- onset colorectal cancer were identified retrospectively. 226 patients were included in our study, and 36 (15.9%) of them were under 50 years old. The mean age of the patients in the early-onset colorectal cancer group was 43.1\u00b15.9 years. Most of the young patients were male, similar to the elderly CRC group. The tumors in the EOCRC group were significantly located left site (86.1% vs. 66.8%) compared to elderly CRC. Most of the tumors were medium or poorly differentiated (80.6%). The numbers of removed lymph nodes were significantly higher in the EOCRC group compared to the elderly CRC group (p<0.05), and postoperative complications were detected lower in EOCRC. The incidence of EOCRC continues to increase. There is no information about the exact reason for this increase. Comprehensive studies are needed to reveal general characteristics, genetic background, and predisposing factors in cancer formation and figure out the increase in the incidence. Colorectal Cancer, Hereditary Colorectal Cancer, Early Onset, Young Adults.", "it": "L\u2019incidenza del cancro del colon-retto al di sotto dei 50 anni tende, e ci siamo proposti di identificare le caratteristiche generali delle forme ad esordio precoce e le differenze nei pazienti pi\u00f9 giovani e pi\u00f9 anziani. Sono stati inclusi nell\u2019indagine retrospettiva 226 pazienti con carcinoma colorettale operati tra il 2016 e il 2021, dividendoli in due gruppi per et\u00e0 inferiore o superiore ai 50 anni. Sono state identificate le caratteristiche demografiche, cliniche e patologiche delle forme di carcinoma colorettale ad esordio precoce. Dei 226 pazienti, 36 (15,9%) di loro avevano meno di 50 anni. L\u2019et\u00e0 media dei pazienti nel gruppo con carcinoma colorettale ad esordio precoce era di 43,1 \u00b1 5,9 anni. La maggior parte dei giovani pazienti era di sesso maschile, simile al gruppo CRC anziano. I tumori nel gruppo EOCRC erano prevalentemente localizzati nella sede di sinistra (86,1% vs. 66,8%) rispetto al CRC anziano. La maggior parte dei tumori era media o scarsamente differenziata (80,6%). Il numero di linfonodi rimossi era significativamente pi\u00f9 alto nel gruppo EOCRC rispetto al gruppo CRC anziano (p <0,05) e le complicanze postoperatorie sono state rilevate inferiori in EOCRC. Conclusioni: L\u2019incidenza di EOCRC continua ad aumentare. Non ci sono informazioni sul motivo esatto di questo aumento. Sono necessari studi completi per rivelare le caratteristiche generali, il background genetico e i fattori predisponenti nella formazione del cancro e capire l\u2019aumento dell\u2019incidenza.", "keywords": [ "colorectal cancer", "early-onset colorectal cancer", "younger patients", "older patients", "demographic features", "clinical features", "pathological features", "mean age", "male patients", "tumors", "EOCRC", "left site", "medium differentiation", "poorly differentiated", "removed lymph nodes", "postoperative complications", "incidence", "genetic background", "predisposing factors" ], "keyword_chains": "'Colorectal cancer' means 'Darmkrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer colorrectal' means 'cancer du c\u00f4lon et du rectum' means 'tumore del colon-retto' means 'C\u00e2ncer colorretal' means '\u0440\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438'. 'early-onset colorectal cancer' means 'Fr\u00fchen Darmkrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer colorrectal de inicio temprano' means 'cancer colorectal \u00e0 d\u00e9but pr\u00e9coce' means 'tumore del colon-retto a esordio precoce' means 'C\u00e2ncer colorretal de in\u00edcio precoce' means '\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430'. 'younger patients' means 'j\u00fcngere Patienten' means 'pacientes m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes' means 'patients plus jeunes' means 'pazienti pi\u00f9 giovani' means 'pacientes mais jovens' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b'. 'elderly patients' means '\u00e4ltere Patienten' means 'pacientes de edad avanzada' means 'patients \u00e2g\u00e9s' means 'pazienti anziani' means 'pacientes mais velhos' means '\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b'. 'demographic features' means 'demografische Merkmale' means 'caracter\u00edsticas demogr\u00e1ficas' means 'caract\u00e9ristiques d\u00e9mographiques' means 'caratteristiche demografiche' means 'caracter\u00edsticas demogr\u00e1ficas' means '\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'clinical features' means 'klinische Merkmale' means 'caracter\u00edsticas cl\u00ednicas' means 'caract\u00e9ristiques cliniques' means 'caratteristiche cliniche' means 'caracter\u00edsticas cl\u00ednicas' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'pathological features' means 'pathologische Merkmale' means 'caracter\u00edsticas patol\u00f3gicas' means 'caract\u00e9ristiques pathologiques' means 'caratteristiche patologiche' means 'caracter\u00edsticas patol\u00f3gicas' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'average age' means 'Durchschnittsalter' means 'edad media' means '\u00e2ge moyen' means 'et\u00e0 media' means 'idade m\u00e9dia' means '\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442'. 'male patients' means 'm\u00e4nnliche Patienten' means 'pacientes hombres' means 'patients de sexe masculin' means 'pazienti di sesso maschile' means 'pacientes do sexo masculino' means '\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b'. 'and tumors' means 'Tumoren' means 'y los tumores' means 'tumeurs' means 'tumori' means 'tumores' means '\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'EOCRC' means 'EOCRC' means 'EOCRC (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'Le comit\u00e9 de la CEDEAO' means 'EOCRC' means 'EOCRC' means '\u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435'. 'left site' means 'Linksseite' means 'sitio izquierdo' means 'site gauche' means 'sito sinistro' means 's\u00edtio esquerdo' means '\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e'. 'differentiation of the medium' means 'Differenzierung des Mediums' means 'diferenciaci\u00f3n del medio' means 'diff\u00e9renciation du milieu' means 'differenziazione del mezzo' means 'diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o do meio' means '\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b'. 'poorly differentiated' means 'schlecht differenziert' means 'poco diferenciados' means 'peu diff\u00e9renci\u00e9s' means 'scarsamente differenziati' means 'mal diferenciados' means '\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'removed lymph nodes' means 'entfernte Lymphknoten' means 'extracci\u00f3n de ganglios linf\u00e1ticos' means 'les ganglions lymphatiques enlev\u00e9s' means 'linfonodi rimossi' means 'linfonodos removidos' means '\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b'. 'postoperative complications' means 'postoperative Komplikationen' means 'complicaciones postoperatorias' means 'complications postop\u00e9ratoires' means 'complicazioni post-operatorie' means 'complica\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'incidence of' means 'Inzidenz' means 'incidencia de la enfermedad' means 'fr\u00e9quence' means 'incidenza' means 'incid\u00eancia' means '\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430'. 'genetic background' means 'genetische Herkunft' means 'antecedentes gen\u00e9ticos' means 'fond g\u00e9n\u00e9tique' means 'origine genetica' means 'antecedentes gen\u00e9ticos' means '\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d'. 'predisposing factors' means 'Veranlagungsfaktoren' means 'factores predisponentes' means 'facteurs pr\u00e9disposants' means 'fattori predisponenti' means 'fatores predisponentes' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b'" }, { "id": "11", "en": "As L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) control Ca(2+) influx and depolarisation of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle, they represent a specific therapeutic target for calcium channel blockers (CCBs), which are approved and widely used to treat hypertension, myocardial ischaemia and arrhythmias. L-type currents also play a role in calcium entry in the sensory cells of the inner ear. In hair cells of both cochlea and labyrinth, calcium cytoplasmic influx is the first physiological process that activates complex intracellular enzymatic reactions resulting in neurotransmitter release. Excessive calcium ion entry into sensory cells, as a consequence of L-VGCCs malfunction is responsible for over-activation of phospholipase A2 and C, protein kinase II and C, nitric oxide synthase and both endonucleases and depolymerases, which can cause membrane damage and cellular death if the cytoplasmic buffering capacity is overcome. Nimodipine, a highly lipophilic 1-4 dihydropyridine that easily crosses the brain-blood barrier, is generally used to reduce the severity of neurological deficits resulting from vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Moreover, due to its selective blocking activity on L-channel calcium currents, nimodipine is also suggested to be an effective countermeasure for cochlear and vestibular dysfunctions known as channelopathies. Indeed, experimental data in amphibians and mammalians indicate that nimodipine has a stronger efficacy than other CCBs (aminopyridine, nifedipine) on voltage-dependent whole-cell currents within hair cells at rest and it is the only agent that is also effective during their mechanically induced depolarisation. In humans, the efficacy of nimodipine is documented in the medical management of peripheral vestibular vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus, even in a pathology as complex as M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease. Nimodipine is also considered useful in the prophylaxis of damage to the facial and cochlear nerves caused by ablative surgery of cerebellopontine tumours; it has been recently hypothesised to accelerate functional recovery of recurrent nerve lesions during thyroid cancer surgery. Further trials with adequate study design are needed to test the efficacy of nimodipine in the treatment of vertigo due to cerebrovascular disease and vestibular migraine.", "it": "I canali del calcio di tipo L sono indispensabili alla normale contrattilit\u00e0 del miocardio e della muscolatura liscia del sistema vascolare. In quanto tali, essi rappresentano uno specifico bersaglio terapeutico di una vasta famiglia di farmaci ad attivit\u00e0 calcio-antagonista, che sono ampiamente usati per trattare l'ipertensione, l'ischemia miocardica e le aritmie. Tuttavia, i canali del calcio di tipo L svolgono un ruolo determinante anche nel normale funzionamento delle cellule sensoriali nell'orecchio interno. Nelle cellule cigliate, infatti, sia della coclea che del labirinto, l'ingresso del calcio all'interno del citoplasma \u00e8 il primo processo fisiologico che attiva un complesso di meccanismi intracellulari, ovvero una sequenza di attivazioni enzimatiche, il cui risultato finale \u00e8 il rilascio dei neurotrasmettitori a livello delle sinapsi. Al contrario, una concentrazione eccessiva di ioni calcio nelle stesse cellule sensoriali, ad esempio come conseguenza di un malfunzionamento dei canali del calcio di tipo L, \u00e8 responsabile dell'attivazione delle fosfolipasi di tipo A2 e C, delle protein-chinasi II e C, dell'ossido nitrico sintetasi che possono causare un danno alla membrana plasmatica e la stessa morte cellulare qualora i limiti funzionali dei sistemi tampone del citoplasma vengano superati. La nimodipina, un agente altamente lipofilo, appartenente alla famiglia delle 1-4 diidropiridinine, che attraversa facilmente la barriera emato-encefalica, \u00e8 generalmente utilizzata per ridurre la gravit\u00e0 dei deficit neurologici derivanti da vasospasmo nei pazienti con emorragia subaracnoidea. Inoltre, a causa della sua azione calcio-antagonista che si esplica selettivamente nei confronti dei canali del calcio di tipo L, viene suggerita come trattamento farmacologico efficace principalmente per quelle disfunzioni cocleari e vestibolari che vengono considerate delle \"canalopatie\". In effetti, i dati sperimentali ottenuti negli anfibi e in alcune specie di mammiferi indicano che nimodipina ha maggiore efficacia di altri calcioantagonisti (aminopiridina e nifedipina) nel bloccare le correnti di ioni calcio in ingresso nelle cellule ciliate e che \u00e8 l'unico calcio-antagonista a mantenere tale efficacia anche durante la loro depolarizzazione indotta da stimolo meccanico. Negli esseri umani l'efficacia terapeutica della nimodipina \u00e8 stata documentata nel trattamento della vertigine labirintica, dell'ipoacusia neurosensoriale e dell'acufene anche se riferibili ad una patologia complessa e non ancora del tutto chiarita come la malattia di M\u00e9ni\u00e8re. La nimodipina \u00e8 inoltre considerata un valido approccio farmacologico nella profilassi dei danni neurali ai nervi facciali e cocleari causati dalla chirurgia ablativa dei tumori dell'angolo ponto-cerebellare ed \u00e8 stata recentemente indicata per accelerare il recupero funzionale delle lesioni del nervo ricorrente conseguenti alla chirurgia del cancro alla tiroide. Per verificare, infine, l'efficacia della nimodipina nel trattamento delle vertigini di origine centrale, perlopi\u00f9 associate ai disordini cerebrovascolari, e nel trattamento della vertigine emicranica, sono necessari ulteriori studi che confermino con maggiore rigore scientifico tali prospettive, peraltro gi\u00e0 ampiamente riportate nella letteratura scientifica.", "keywords": [ "L-type voltage-gated calcium channels", "VGCCs", "Ca(2+)", "depolarisation", "cardiac", "vascular smooth muscle", "therapeutic target", "calcium channel blockers", "CCBs", "hypertension", "myocardial ischaemia", "arrhythmias", "sensory cells", "inner ear", "hair cells", "cochlea", "labyrinth", "calcium cytoplasmic influx", "physiological process", "intracellular enzymatic reactions", "neurotransmitter release", "excessive calcium ion entry", "L-VGCCs malfunction", "phospholipase A2", "protein kinase II", "nitric oxide synthase", "endonucleases", "depolymerases", "membrane damage", "cellular death", "cytoplasmic buffering capacity", "Nimodipine", "lipophilic", "brain-blood barrier", "neurological deficits", "vasospasm", "subarachnoid haemorrhage", "selective blocking activity", "L-channel calcium currents", "effective countermeasure", "cochlear dysfunctions", "vestibular dysfunctions", "channelopathies", "experimental data", "amphibians", "mammalians", "stronger efficacy", "voltage-dependent whole-cell currents", "mechanically induced depolarisation", "peripheral vestibular vertigo", "sensorineural hearing loss", "tinnitus", "M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease", "prophylaxis", "facial nerves", "cochlear nerves", "ablative surgery", "cerebellopontine tumours", "functional recovery", "recurrent nerve lesions", "thyroid cancer surgery", "adequate study design", "cerebrovascular disease", "vestibular migraine" ], "keyword_chains": "'L-type voltage-gated calcium channels' means 'Spannungsgetriebene Kalziumkan\u00e4le vom Typ L' means 'Canales de calcio con compuestos de tensi\u00f3n tipo L' means 'canaux de calcium \u00e0 tension de type L' means 'Canali di calcio a tensione di tipo L' means 'Canais de c\u00e1lcio de tens\u00e3o de tipo L' means '\u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 L \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c'. 'Other, of a capacity of less than 10 MW' means 'VGCCs' means 'Las VGCC' means 'Les CCCV' means 'CCCV' means 'CACV' means '\u0412\u0413\u041a\u041a'. 'Other, not further worked than hot-rolled' means 'Ca2+)' means 'Ca (C2+)' means 'Ca2+)' means 'Ca (C2+)' means 'Ca (\u03b12+)' means '\u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0439 (Ca)'. 'decoupling' means 'Depolarisierung' means 'despolarizaci\u00f3n' means 'd\u00e9polarisation' means 'Depolarizzazione' means 'despolariza\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0434\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'cardiac' means 'Herz' means 'card\u00edaco' means 'cardiaque' means 'cardiaca' means 'doen\u00e7a card\u00edaca' means '\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435'. 'vascular smooth muscle' means 'Gef\u00e4\u00dfglatte Muskulatur' means 'm\u00fasculo liso vascular' means 'muscles lisses vasculaires' means 'muscolo liscio vascolare' means 'm\u00fasculo liso vascular' means '\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432'. 'therapeutic target' means 'therapeutische Zielgruppe' means 'objetivo terap\u00e9utico' means 'cible th\u00e9rapeutique' means 'obiettivo terapeutico' means 'alvo terap\u00eautico' means '\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c'. 'calcium channel blockers' means 'Kalziumkanalblocker' means 'bloqueadores de los canales de calcio' means 'les inhibiteurs des canaux calciques' means 'bloccanti dei canali calcicici' means 'bloqueadores dos canais de c\u00e1lcio' means '\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432'. 'Other, of a capacity of' means 'Zentralverwaltungsstellen' means 'Las CCB' means 'Les BCC' means 'Codici di sicurezza' means 'CCBs' means '\u041a\u0411\u041a'. 'high blood pressure' means 'Bluthochdruck' means 'hipertensi\u00f3n' means 'hypertendance' means 'ipertensione' means 'hipertens\u00e3o' means '\u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'myocardial ischaemia' means 'Myokardisch\u00e4mie' means 'Isquemia mioc\u00e1rdica' means 'isch\u00e9mique du myocarde' means 'ischemia miocardica' means 'Isquemia mioc\u00e1rdica' means '\u0418\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430'. 'heart rhythm disorders' means 'Herzkrankheiten' means '- trastornos del ritmo card\u00edaco' means 'arrhythmies' means 'aritmie' means 'arritmias' means '\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0438\u0438'. 'sensory cells' means 'sensorische Zellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas sensoriales' means 'cellules sensorielles' means 'cellule sensoriali' means 'c\u00e9lulas sensoriais' means '\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'inner ear' means 'Innenohr' means 'o\u00eddo interno' means 'oreille interne' means 'orecchio interno' means 'ouvido interno' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0445\u043e'. 'hair cells' means 'Haarzellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas ciliadas' means 'cellules cili\u00e9es' means 'cellule ciliate' means 'c\u00e9lulas ciliadas' means '\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'cochlea' means 'Sch\u00e4del' means 'c\u00f3clea' means 'cochl\u00e9e' means 'coclea' means 'c\u00f3clea' means '\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0438'. 'labyrinth' means 'Labyrinth' means 'el laberinto' means 'labyrinthe' means 'labirinto' means 'labirinto' means '\u043b\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442'. 'calcium cytoplasmic influx' means 'Zytoplasmatischer Zufluss von Calcium' means 'flujo citoplasm\u00e1tico de calcio' means 'flux cytoplasmique de calcium' means 'flusso citoplasmatico di calcio' means 'influxo citoplasm\u00e1tico de c\u00e1lcio' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'physiological process' means 'physiologischer Prozess' means 'proceso fisiol\u00f3gico' means 'processus physiologique' means 'processo fisiologico' means 'processo fisiol\u00f3gico' means '\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441'. 'intracellular enzymatic reactions' means 'Intrazellul\u00e4re enzymatische Reaktionen' means 'reacciones enzim\u00e1ticas intracelulares' means 'r\u00e9actions enzymatiques intracellulaires' means 'reazioni enzimatiche intracellulari' means 'rea\u00e7\u00f5es enzim\u00e1ticas intracelulares' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'release of neurotransmitters' means 'Neurotransmitterfreisetzung' means 'liberaci\u00f3n de neurotransmisores' means 'lib\u00e9ration de neurotransmetteurs' means 'rilascio di neurotrasmettitori' means 'libera\u00e7\u00e3o de neurotransmissores' means '\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432'. 'excessive entry of calcium ions' means '\u00fcberm\u00e4\u00dfige Einf\u00fchrung von Calcium-Ionen' means 'ingreso excesivo de iones de calcio' means 'entr\u00e9e excessive d' ions calcium' means 'eccessiva penetrazione di ioni calcio' means 'entrada excessiva de \u00edons c\u00e1lcio' means '\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'L-VGCCs malfunction' means 'Fehlfunktion der L-VGCCs' means 'Funcionamiento incorrecto de las L-VGCC' means 'D\u00e9faillance des L-VGCC' means 'Malfunzionamento dei L-VGCC' means 'Desfun\u00e7\u00e3o dos L-VGCC' means '\u041d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c L-VGCC'. 'phospholipase A2' means 'Phospholipase A2' means 'En el caso de los productos de la categor\u00eda 1' means 'phospholipase A2' means 'fosfolipasi A2' means 'fosfolipase A2' means '\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u04102'. 'protein kinase II' means 'Proteinkinase II' means 'Prote\u00edna quinasa II' means 'prot\u00e9ine kinase II' means 'proteina chinasi II' means 'prote\u00edna quinase II' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430 II'. 'nitric oxide synthase' means 'Stickoxid-Synthase' means 's\u00edntesis de \u00f3xido n\u00edtrico' means 'synthase d'oxyde nitrique' means 'sintasi dell'ossido di azoto' means 'oxido n\u00edtrico sintase' means '\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0430'. 'other enzymes' means 'Endonukleasen' means 'las endonucleasas' means 'd'une valeur de plus de 1 000' means 'endonucleasi' means 'Endonucleases' means '\u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'depolymerases' means 'Depolymerasen' means 'las depol\u00edmerasas' means 'd\u00e9polym\u00e9rases' means 'depolymerasi' means 'depol\u00edmerases' means '\u0414\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'membrane damage' means 'Sch\u00e4den an der Membran' means 'da\u00f1o de la membrana' means 'l\u00e9sions de la membrane' means 'danni alle membrane' means 'les\u00e3o da membrana' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b'. 'cell death' means 'Zellsterben' means 'muerte celular' means 'mort cellulaire' means 'morte cellulare' means 'morte celular' means '\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044c'. 'cytoplasmic buffering capacity' means 'Zytoplasmatische Pufferkapazit\u00e4t' means 'capacidad de amortiguaci\u00f3n citoplasm\u00e1tica' means 'capacit\u00e9 tampon cytoplasmique' means 'capacit\u00e0 tamponante citoplasmatica' means 'Capacidade tamponante citoplasm\u00e1tica' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'Other medicinal products' means 'Nimodipin' means 'La imidacloprid' means 'Nom de l'agent' means 'Nimodipina' means 'Nemodipina' means '\u041d\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d'. 'lipophilic' means 'Lipophil' means 'lip\u00f3filas' means 'lipophile' means 'lipophilico' means 'lip\u00f3filos' means '\u043b\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'blood-brain barrier' means 'Blut-Hirn-Schranke' means 'barrera entre el cerebro y la sangre' means 'barri\u00e8re h\u00e9mato-enc\u00e9phalique' means 'barriera cerebrovascolare' means 'barreira hematoencef\u00e1lica' means '\u041c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440'. 'neurological deficits' means 'neurologische Defizite' means 'Deficiencias neurol\u00f3gicas' means 'd\u00e9ficits neurologiques' means 'deficit neurologici' means 'defici\u00eancias neurol\u00f3gicas' means '\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'blood vessel spasm' means 'Schmerz' means 'Espasmo vascular' means 'r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement' means 'vasospasmo' means 'Espasmo vascular' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043c'. 'The following are some of the most commonly reported adverse reactions:' means 'subarachnoide Blutung' means 'hemorragia subaracnoidea' means 'h\u00e9morragie sous-arachno\u00efdienne' means 'emorragia subaracnoidea' means 'hemorragia subaracnoide' means '\u0421\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'selective blocking activity' means 'selektive Blockierungst\u00e4tigkeit' means 'actividad de bloqueo selectivo' means 'activit\u00e9 de blocage s\u00e9lectif' means 'attivit\u00e0 di blocco selettivo' means 'atividade de bloqueio seletivo' means '\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430'. 'L-channel calcium currents' means 'L-Kanal-Kalciumstr\u00f6me' means 'Corrientes de calcio de canal L' means 'Courants de calcium \u00e0 canal L' means 'Correnti di calcio a canale L' means 'Correntes de c\u00e1lcio de canal L' means '\u041a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438 L-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432'. 'effective countermeasure' means 'wirksame Gegenma\u00dfnahmen' means 'medidas efectivas de respuesta' means 'contre-mesure efficace' means 'contromisura efficace' means 'Controle eficaz' means '\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430'. 'cochlear dysfunctions' means 'Cochlea-Dysfunktionen' means 'Disfunciones cocleares' means 'troubles de la cochelle' means 'disfunzioni cocleari' means 'disfun\u00e7\u00f5es cocleares' means '\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'vestibular dysfunctions' means 'Verletzungen der Vestibulenfunktion' means 'Disfunciones vestibulares' means 'troubles vestibulaires' means 'disfunzioni vestibolari' means 'disfun\u00e7\u00f5es vestibulares' means '\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'channelopathies' means 'Kanalopathien' means 'canalizaciones' means 'can\u00e9lopathies' means 'canalit\u00e0' means 'canalopatias' means '\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f'. 'experimental data' means 'Versuchsdaten' means 'datos experimentales' means 'donn\u00e9es exp\u00e9rimentales' means 'dati sperimentali' means 'dados experimentais' means '\u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'other amphibians' means 'Amphibien' means 'Anfibios' means 'esp\u00e8ces d'animaux' means 'animali da pesca' means 'Anf\u00edbios' means '\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'Other animals' means 'S\u00e4ugetiere' means 'Los animales de la especie Capsicum' means 'autres animaux' means 'mammiferi' means 'mam\u00edferos' means '\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435'. 'increased efficacy' means 'st\u00e4rkere Wirksamkeit' means 'mayor eficacia' means 'efficacit\u00e9 plus forte' means 'efficacia maggiore' means 'maior efic\u00e1cia' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'voltage-dependent whole-cell currents' means 'Spannungsabh\u00e4ngige Vollzellstr\u00f6me' means 'corrientes de c\u00e9lula entera dependientes de la tensi\u00f3n' means 'courants de cellule enti\u00e8re d\u00e9pendants de la tension' means 'corrente intera a cella dipendente dalla tensione' means 'corrente dependente de tens\u00e3o de c\u00e9lula inteira' means '\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438'. 'mechanically induced depolarization' means 'mechanisch induzierte Depolarisierung' means 'Despolarizaci\u00f3n inducida mec\u00e1nicamente' means 'd\u00e9polarisation induite m\u00e9caniquement' means 'Depolarizzazione meccanicamente indotta' means 'Despolariza\u00e7\u00e3o induzida mecanicamente' means '\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'peripheral vestibular vertigo or' means 'Peripherische Vestibul\u00e4re Schwindel' means 'Vertigo vestibular perif\u00e9rico' means 'vertiges vestibulaires p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques' means 'Vertigini vestibolari periferici' means 'vertigem vestibular perif\u00e9rica' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'hearing loss' means 'sensorineurale H\u00f6rverlust' means 'p\u00e9rdida auditiva neurosensorial' means 'perte auditive neurosensorielle' means 'perdita dell' udito neurosensoriale' means 'Perda auditiva neurosensorial' means '\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'ear pain' means 'Schallger\u00e4usche' means 'el tinnitus' means '\u00e9coulement' means 'acufene' means 'ac\u00famulo' means '\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d \u0432 \u0443\u0448\u0430\u0445'. 'The disease is characterized by:' means 'Die Krankheit von M\u00e9ni\u00e8re' means 'Enfermedad de M\u00e9ni\u00e8re' means 'Maladie de M\u00e9ni\u00e8re' means 'Malattia di M\u00e9ni\u00e8re' means 'Doen\u00e7a de M\u00e9ni\u00e8re' means '\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c \u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0430'. 'prevention of' means 'Vorbeugung' means 'tratamiento de la enfermedad' means 'pr\u00e9vention' means 'profilassi' means 'Profilaxia' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'facial nerves' means 'Gesichtsnerven' means 'nervios faciales' means 'nerfs du visage' means 'nervi facciali' means 'nervos faciais' means '\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b'. 'cochlear nerves' means 'Cochlea-Nerven' means 'nervios cocleares' means 'nerfs cochl\u00e9aires' means 'nervi cocleari' means 'nervos cocleares' means '\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b'. 'ablative surgery' means 'ablative Chirurgie' means 'cirug\u00eda ablativa' means 'chirurgie ablative' means 'chirurgia ablativa' means 'cirurgia ablativa' means '\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'brain and spinal cord' means 'Hirnfleckentumore' means 'Tumores del cerebelo- pontino' means 'tumeurs du cervelet et du pont' means 'tumori del cervelopontino' means 'Tumores cerebelo- pontinos' means '\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430'. 'functional recovery' means 'Funktionswiederherstellung' means 'recuperaci\u00f3n funcional' means 'r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration fonctionnelle' means 'recupero funzionale' means 'recupera\u00e7\u00e3o funcional' means '\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'recurrent nerve lesions' means 'R\u00fcckkehrende Nervenverletzungen' means 'lesiones nerviosas recurrentes' means 'l\u00e9sions nerveuses r\u00e9currentes' means 'lesioni nervose ricorrenti' means 'les\u00f5es nervosas recorrentes' means '\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0432'. 'surgery for thyroid cancer' means 'Schilddr\u00fcsenkrebs-Operation' means 'cirug\u00eda de c\u00e1ncer de tiroides' means 'chirurgie du cancer de la thyro\u00efde' means 'chirurgia del cancro della tiroide' means 'cirurgia de cancro da tir\u00f3ide' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'adequate study design' means 'angemessene Studienplanung' means 'dise\u00f1o adecuado del estudio' means 'une conception de l'\u00e9tude ad\u00e9quate' means 'un'adeguata progettazione dello studio' means 'conce\u00e7\u00e3o adequada do estudo' means '\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'Cerebrovascular disease' means 'Hirn- und Gef\u00e4\u00dferkrankungen' means 'Enfermedad cerebrovascular' means 'maladie vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9brale' means 'malattie cerebrovascolari' means 'doen\u00e7a cerebrovascular' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u0430'. 'other' means 'Vestibul\u00e4re Migr\u00e4ne' means 'Enfermedad de la cabeza' means 'migraine vestibulaire' means 'emicrania vestibolare' means 'Migraina vestibular' means '\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c'" }, { "id": "12", "en": "The suture thread used in digestive surgery must have several characteristics, including resistance to tension until the anastomosis coalescence, rapid absorption to avoid complications, biocompatibility and ease of handling. The preference is for monofilament polymers as they offer greater guarantees in biliary-digestive anastomoses. Suturing with synthetic polymers and mechanical devices such as staplers are the most suitable techniques. It is believed that staplers may become the gold standard technique in robotic surgery based on their experience and experimental data. In general, the goal is to use materials that minimize the risk of post-operative complications and offer maximum reliability in the anastomosis. KEY WORD: Suture material, Stapler.", "it": "Il filo di sutura utilizzato in chirurgia digestiva deve possedere diverse caratteristiche, tra cui la resistenza alla tensione fino alla coalescenza dell\u2019anastomosi, il rapido assorbimento 8,11,16,21 per evitare complicanze, la biocompatibilit\u00e0 e la maneggevolezza. La preferenza \u00e8 per i polimeri monofilamento in quanto offrono maggiori garanzie nelle anastomosi bilio-digestive 19. La sutura con polimeri sintetici e dispositivi meccanici come le suturatrici meccaniche sono le tecniche pi\u00f9 adatte. Si ritiene che la suturatrici meccanica possa diventare la tecnica gold standard nella chirurgia robotica sulla base della loro esperienza e dei dati sperimentali. In generale, l\u2019obiettivo \u00e8 utilizzare materiali che riducano al minimo il rischio di complicanze post-operatorie e offrano la massima affidabilit\u00e0 nell\u2019anastomosi.", "keywords": [ "suture thread", "digestive surgery", "anastomosis coalescence", "rapid absorption", "biocompatibility", "monofilament polymers", "biliary-digestive anastomoses", "synthetic polymers", "mechanical devices", "gold standard technique", "robotic surgery", "post-operative complications", "anastomosis" ], "keyword_chains": "'sewing thread' means 'N\u00e4hgarn' means 'hilo de sutura' means 'fil de suture' means 'filo di sutura' means 'fio de sutura' means '\u0448\u0432\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c'. 'surgery of the digestive system' means 'Verdauungschirurgie' means 'cirug\u00eda digestiva' means 'chirurgie digestive' means 'chirurgia digestiva' means 'cirurgia digestiva' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435'. 'anastomosis and coalescence' means 'Anastomosis und Koalassenz' means 'Anastomosis y coagulaci\u00f3n' means 'anastomose et coalescence' means 'anastomosi coalescenza' means 'coalesc\u00eancia de anastomose' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'rapid absorption' means 'schnelle Absorption' means 'absorci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida' means 'absorption rapide' means 'assorbimento rapido' means 'absor\u00e7\u00e3o r\u00e1pida' means '\u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'the biocompatibility' means 'Biokompatibilit\u00e4t' means 'Biocompatibilidad' means 'biocompatibilit\u00e9' means 'biocompatibilit\u00e0' means 'biocompatibilidade' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'Polymers of monofilament' means 'Polymere aus Monofilamenten' means 'Pol\u00edmeros de monofilamento' means 'autres, en acier' means 'di poli (etilene)' means 'Pol\u00edmeros de monofilamentos' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430'. 'anastomoses of the biliary and digestive tract' means 'Anastomosen der Gallen- und Verdauungstr\u00e4nge' means 'Anastomosis biliar digestiva' means 'anastomoses biliaires et digestives' means 'Anastomosi biliari-digestive' means 'Anastomoses biliar-digestivas' means '\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0437\u044b'. 'synthetic polymers' means 'andere, mit einem Querschnitt von mehr als 10 mm' means 'Pol\u00edmeros sint\u00e9ticos' means 'autres, de type utilis\u00e9s pour la fabrication de produits de la cha\u00eene' means 'di polietilene' means 'Pol\u00edmeros sint\u00e9ticos' means '\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b'. 'mechanical devices' means 'mechanische Vorrichtungen' means 'Dispositivos mec\u00e1nicos' means 'appareils m\u00e9caniques' means 'dispositivi meccanici' means 'Dispositivos mec\u00e2nicos' means '\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430'. 'gold standard technique' means 'Goldstandardtechnik' means 't\u00e9cnica est\u00e1ndar de oro' means 'technique de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence' means 'tecnica standard oro' means 't\u00e9cnica padr\u00e3o ouro' means '\u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442'. 'robotic surgery' means 'Roboterchirurgie' means 'cirug\u00eda rob\u00f3tica' means 'chirurgie robotique' means 'chirurgia robotica' means 'Cirurgia rob\u00f3tica' means '\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'post-operative complications' means 'Komplikationen nach der Operation' means 'complicaciones postoperatorias' means 'complications post-op\u00e9ratoires' means 'complicazioni post-operatorie' means 'complica\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'anastomosis' means 'Anastomose' means 'Anastomosis y otras enfermedades' means 'anastomose' means 'anastomosi' means 'Anastomose' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430'" }, { "id": "13", "en": "The aim of this study was to analyse audiometric and speech perception outcomes after cochlear implantation (CI) in adult and elderly patients in the first year post-CI activation. We evaluated 42 subjects who underwent CI at the Otorhinolaryngological Clinic of Padua Hospital. The subjects enrolled were post-lingually deafened patients who were unilaterally implanted for bilateral, severe-to-profound hearing loss. The overall sample was divided into three groups according to the age at the time of implantation: group A (35-49 years), group B (50-64 years) and group C (\u2265 65 years). The subjects were assessed, both before and after surgery (at months 1, 3, 6 and 12), using pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry and speech perception tests and the CAP questionnaire. Statistical analysis of outcomes was using a Student's t-test for paired data. In all study groups a significant improvement was demonstrated in auditory performance examinations post-CI compared to the pre-operative scores. All subjects in all age groups obtained significant improvements in PTA scores before surgery and post-CI activation. Comparison of PTA values among the three age groups did not reveal any significant difference. Considerable improvement was obtained even in the speech audiometry thresholds in all groups at follow-up, with no significant differences between groups. The speech perception examination and CAP questionnaire showed good progress in all study groups, although younger patients tended to achieve more complex categories than older ones. In conclusion, CI is an effective treatment for severe-to-profound hearing loss with no significant differences in auditory performances between older and younger CI recipients. Even if somewhat slower, subjects older than 65 reached good performance and therefore are good candidates for a cochlear implant.", "it": "Questo studio \u00e8 volto alla valutazione degli outcomes audiometrici e logopedici dei pazienti anziani portatori di impianto cocleare durante il primo anno di utilizzo del dispositivo. Sono stati valutati 42 pazienti impiantati tra marzo 2010 e settembre 2014 presso l\u2019UO ORL dell\u2019Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova. Sono stati inclusi nello studio pazienti affetti da sordit\u00e0 bilaterale postlinguale di grado severo-profondo impiantati unilateralmente. I soggetti sono stati divisi in tre gruppi in base all\u2019epoca della chirurgia: 14 soggetti con impianto fra i 35 e i 49 anni, 14 fra i 50 e i 64 anni e 14 impiantati a un\u2019et\u00e0 superiore di 65 anni. Tutti i pazienti sono stati valutati prima e dopo la chirurgia (a 1, 3, 6 e 12 mesi di follow-up) attraverso l\u2019esecuzione di: audiometria tonale, audiometria vocale, test logopedici e somministrazione del questionario delle categorie percettive (CAP). L\u2019analisi statistica \u00e8 stata effettuata attraverso il Student\u2019s t-test. La totalit\u00e0 dei soggetti nei tre gruppi hanno dimostrato significativi miglioramenti all\u2019audiometria tonale e vocale ai controlli post chirurgici rispetto alle performance ottenute precedentemente all\u2019impianto. In particolare si sono verificati miglioramenti della soglia audiometrica media (PTA) senza differenze statisticamente significative tra i tre gruppi. risultati ottenuti nei test logopedici e dalla somministrazione del CAP hanno dimostrato evidenti miglioramenti in tutti i tre gruppi in studio. Abbiamo riscontrato, per\u00f2, che i soggetti pi\u00f9 giovani hanno raggiunto maggiori punteggi ai controlli post impianto rispetto a quelli pi\u00f9 anziani. Concludendo, possiamo affermare che l\u2019impianto cocleare \u00e8 un trattamento efficace per soggetti affetti da ipoacusia severa-profonda senza differenze significative nelle performance audiologiche e logopediche in relazione all\u2019et\u00e0 di impianto. Anche se pi\u00f9 lentamente, i pazienti impiantati dopo i 65 anni di et\u00e0 raggiungono performance ottimali e possono essere ritenuti dei candidati ottimali all\u2019intervento.", "keywords": [ "audiometric", "speech perception", "cochlear implantation", "post-lingually deafened", "unilaterally implanted", "severe-to-profound hearing loss", "pure tone audiometry", "speech audiometry", "CAP questionnaire", "Student's t-test", "PTA scores", "speech audiometry thresholds", "younger patients", "complex categories", "effective treatment" ], "keyword_chains": "'sound recording' means 'Audiometrische' means 'de audiometr\u00eda' means 'appareil de mesure de l'audition' means 'audiometrico' means 'audiom\u00e9trico' means '\u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439'. 'speech perception' means 'Sprachwahrnehmung' means 'percepci\u00f3n del habla' means 'perception de la parole' means 'percezione vocale' means 'percep\u00e7\u00e3o da fala' means '\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438'. 'cochlear implantation' means 'Cochleaimplantation' means 'implantaci\u00f3n coclear' means 'implantation cochl\u00e9aire' means 'impianto cocleare' means 'implanta\u00e7\u00e3o coclear' means '\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'post-lingually deaf' means 'Sprachbehinderung' means 'sordos despu\u00e9s de la lengua' means 'd\u00e9ficience auditive post-linguistique' means 'postlingualmente sordi' means 'surdos p\u00f3s-lingu\u00edsticos' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438\u0435'. 'unilaterally implanted' means 'einseitig implantiert' means 'implantado unilateralmente' means 'implant\u00e9 unilat\u00e9ralement' means 'impiantato unilateralmente' means 'implantado unilateralmente' means '\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'severe to profound hearing loss' means 'schwerer bis schwerer H\u00f6rverlust' means 'p\u00e9rdida de audici\u00f3n grave o profunda' means 'perte auditive s\u00e9v\u00e8re \u00e0 profonde' means 'perdita dell' udito grave o grave' means 'perda auditiva grave a profunda' means '\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'sound quality and sound quality' means 'Rein-Ton-Audiometrie' means 'audiometr\u00eda de tono puro' means 'audiom\u00e9trie des tons purs' means 'audiometria del tono puro' means 'audiometria de tom puro' means '\u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430'. 'speech audiometry' means 'Sprachaudiometrie' means 'audiometr\u00eda del habla' means 'audiom\u00e9trie de la parole' means 'audiometria vocale' means 'audiometria da fala' means '\u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438'. 'The Commission shall submit to the Council a report on:' means 'Fragebogen zur GAP' means 'Cuestionario de la PAC' means 'Questionnaire sur la PAC' means 'Questionnaire sulla PAC' means 'Question\u00e1rio da PAC' means '\u0410\u043d\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043e \u0421\u041e\u041f'. 'Student's t-test is' means 'T-Test des Sch\u00fclers' means 'Prueba t del estudiante' means 'Le test t de l'\u00e9l\u00e8ve' means 'Test t dello studente' means 'Teste t do aluno' means '\u0422-\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430'. 'PTA scores' means 'PTA-Werte' means 'Las puntuaciones de la PTA' means 'Les scores de l'APT' means 'Punteggi PTA' means 'Pontua\u00e7\u00f5es PTA' means '\u041f\u0422\u0410 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044b'. 'Speech audiometry thresholds' means 'Schwellenwerte f\u00fcr die Sprachaudiometrie' means 'umbrales de audiometr\u00eda del habla' means 'seuils d'audiom\u00e9trie de la parole' means 'soglie di audiometria vocale' means 'limiares de audiometria da fala' means '\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438'. 'younger patients' means 'j\u00fcngere Patienten' means 'pacientes m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes' means 'patients plus jeunes' means 'pazienti pi\u00f9 giovani' means 'pacientes mais jovens' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b'. 'complex categories' means 'komplexe Kategorien' means 'Categor\u00edas complejas' means 'cat\u00e9gories complexes' means 'categorie complesse' means 'categorias complexas' means '\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'effective treatment' means 'wirksame Behandlung' means 'tratamiento eficaz' means 'traitement efficace' means 'trattamento efficace' means 'tratamento eficaz' means '\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "14", "en": "This case report describes the long-term success of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device in a dog for treatment of a ureteral obstruction. The suspected xanthine urolithiasis was secondary to treatment with allopurinol for leishmaniasis. The dog presented initially with lethargy, anuria and abdominal pain. Mild azotemia was found on biochemical analysis and abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ureteral obstruction. A subcutaneous ureteral bypass was subsequently placed using a standard surgical technique. The dog recovered uneventfully and the azotemia resolved within days. Follow-up examinations were performed every trimester for over three years and no complications like obstruction of the bypass tubes, urinary tract infection or azotemia were recognized during this follow-up period. Allopurinol was replaced with domperidone as long-term treatment against Leishmaniasis which resulted in a mild increase of the leishmania serum antibody titer. The subcutaneous ureteral bypass placement was successful and safe in this dog and is a valuable alternative in cases of ureteral obstruction also in dogs.", "it": "Questo caso clinico descrive il successo a lungo termine di un dispositivo di bypass ureterale sottocutaneo per il trattamento di un\u2019ostruzione ureterale in un cane. La presunta urolitiasi xantinica era secondaria al trattamento con allopurinolo per la leishmaniosi. Il cane clinicamente presentava letargia, anuria e dolore addominale. Un\u2019azotemia lieve \u00e8 stata riscontrata nell\u2019analisi biochimica e l\u2019ecografia addominale ha rivelato un\u2019ostruzione ureterale bilaterale. Successivamente \u00e8 stato posizionato un bypass ureterale sottocutaneo utilizzando una tecnica chirurgica standard. Il cane si \u00e8 ripreso senza complicazioni e l\u2019azotemia si \u00e8 risolta entro pochi giorni. Esami di follow-up sono stati eseguiti ogni trimestre per oltre tre anni e durante questo periodo di follow-up non sono state riscontrate complicazioni come l\u2019occlusione dei tubi di bypass, infezione del tratto urinario o azotemia. L\u2019allopurinolo \u00e8 stato ora sostituito con domperidone come trattamento a lungo termine contro la leishmaniosi, il che ha comportato un lieve aumento del titolo degli anticorpi sierici contro la leishmania. Il posizionamento del bypass ureterale sottocutaneo \u00e8 stato efficace e sicuro in questo cane e risulta essere un\u2019alternativa preziosa nei casi di ostruzione ureterale.", "keywords": [ "subcutaneous ureteral bypass device", "ureteral obstruction", "xanthine urolithiasis", "allopurinol", "leishmaniasis", "anuria", "azotemia", "biochemical analysis", "abdominal ultrasound", "surgical technique", "urinary tract infection", "leishmania serum antibody titer", "long-term treatment" ], "keyword_chains": "'subcutaneous ureteral bypass device' means 'Subkutaner Harnleiter-Bypass' means 'Dispositivo de derivaci\u00f3n uretral subcut\u00e1nea' means 'd\u00e9riv\u00e9 de l'ur\u00e8tre' means 'dispositivo di bypass ureterale sottocutaneo' means 'dispositivo de bypass uretral subcut\u00e2neo' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'ureteral obstruction' means 'Ureteralobstruktion' means 'Obstrucci\u00f3n uretral' means 'obstruction ur\u00e9t\u00e9rale' means 'ostruzione ureterale' means 'obstru\u00e7\u00e3o uretral' means '\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Xanthine urolithasis' means 'Xanthin-Urolythose' means 'La urolitiasis por xantina' means 'xanthine urolithie' means 'urolitiasi da xantina' means 'C\u00e1lcio' means '\u041a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0430\u0437'. 'other, not containing added sugar' means 'Zitronen' means 'alopurinol y sus derivados' means 'd'une teneur en poids de plus de 0,5%' means 'allopurinolo' means 'alopurinol' means '\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b'. 'leishmaniasis' means 'Leishmaniose' means 'enfermedad de la piel' means 'leishmaniose' means 'leishmaniosi' means 'Leishmaniose' means '\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0448\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043e\u0437'. 'anuria' means 'Anurie' means 'Anuria y' means 'anurie' means 'anuria' means 'an\u00faria' means '\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0440\u0438\u044f'. 'acute' means 'Azot\u00e4mie' means 'Azotemia' means 'azot\u00e9mie' means 'azotemia' means 'azotemia' means '\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'biochemical analysis' means 'biochemische Analyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis bioqu\u00edmico' means 'analyse biochimique' means 'analisi biochimica' means 'An\u00e1lise bioqu\u00edmica' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'abdominal ultrasound' means 'Ultraschalluntersuchung des Bauchbereichs' means 'ecograf\u00eda abdominal' means '\u00e9chographie abdominale' means 'ecografia addominale' means 'Ultrassom abdominal' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430'. 'surgical technique' means 'chirurgische Technik' means 't\u00e9cnica quir\u00fargica' means 'technique chirurgicale' means 'tecnica chirurgica' means 'T\u00e9cnica cir\u00fargica' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'infection of the urinary tract' means 'Infektion der Harnwege' means 'infecci\u00f3n del tracto urinario' means 'infection des voies urinaires' means 'infezione del tratto urinario' means 'infec\u00e7\u00e3o do trato urin\u00e1rio' means '\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439'. 'serum antibody titer of leishmania' means 'Leishmaniose-Serum-Antik\u00f6rpertiter' means 'T\u00edtulos de anticuerpos en suero de leishmania' means 'titre s\u00e9rique des anticorps de la leishmanie' means 'Titro dei anticorpi sierici di leishmania' means 'T\u00edtulos de anticorpos s\u00e9ricos de leishmania' means '\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0440 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043a \u0441\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0438\u0448\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438'. 'long-term treatment' means 'Langzeitbehandlung' means 'tratamiento a largo plazo' means 'traitement \u00e0 long terme' means 'trattamento a lungo termine' means 'tratamento a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "15", "en": "Aetiopathogenesis of Chronic Anal Anterior Fissure (CAAF) remains poorly understood. Some anatomical, clinical and functional features suggest that pathophysiology may be linked to a reduced anal canal pressure. LIS appear illogical as a treatment for CAAF and the employ of techniques aiming to save the integrity of the sphincterial system appears more sensible. The aim of this study was to evaluate 5 years results of fissurectomy and anoplasty with cutaneous V-Y advancement flap in patients affected by CAAF without IAS hypertonia. We enrolled 20 women, affected by idiopathic and non-recurrent CAAF without hypertonic IAS. All patients were followed up for 5 years after surgery with evaluation of anal continence, short and long term post-operative complications, recurrence rate. At 5 years follow up we did not record any new case of anal incontinence and the pre-existing ones haven't worsened. We observed 2 recurrences, which occurred within 2 years after surgery and healed after medical therapy. The manometric values were similar than those recorded prior to surgery. Our study suggests that the procedure performed allows us to preserve anal continence and avoid worsening of its pre-existing alteration. Anal canal, Anoplasty, Fissure, Fissurectomy, Proctology, Sphincterotomy.", "it": "L\u2019eziopatogenesi delle ragadi anali della commisura anteriore \u00e8 ancora poco chiara. Alcune caratteristiche cliniche, anatomiche e funzionali suggerirebbero che la patofisiologia di questo disturbo sia strettamente correlata alla riduzione del tono sfinterico anale. La sfinterotomia laterale interna \u00e8 un approccio poco appropriato per questa patologia, mentre, le procedure volte a garantire l\u2019integrit\u00e0 del sistema sfinterico sembrerebbero pi\u00f9 ragionevoli. L\u2019obbiettivo del nostro studio \u00e8 quello di valutare i risultati a 5 anni della fissurectomia ed anoplastica con lembo di avanzamento cutaneo a V-Y per il trattamento delle ragadi anali della commissura anteriore senza ipertono sfinterico. Al fine di condurre il nostro studio abbiamo considerato 20 pazienti donne affette da ragade anale e sottoposte al suddetto intervento chirurgico dal Gennaio 2008 al Gennaio 2015; tutte le pazienti sono state seguite per 5 anni dopo la procedura chirurgica con valutazione della continenza anale, delle complicanze post-operatorie e breve e lungo termine e del tasso di ricorrenza. Al follow up a 5 anni non abbiamo riscontrato nessun caso di incontinenza anale di nuova insorgenza, \u00e8 alcun aggravamento dei casi di incontinenza anale preesistenti. Abbiamo osservato 2 recidive trattate efficacemente con terapia conservativa. Infine, il quadro manometrico a 5 anni era simile a quello pre-operatorio. In conclusione il nostro studio suggerisce che la procedura chirurgica da noi utilizzata ci permette di conservare la continenza anale in queste pazienti, senza aggravare le preesistenti alterazioni della stessa.", "keywords": [ "Aetiopathogenesis", "Chronic Anal Anterior Fissure", "CAAF", "pathophysiology", "anal canal pressure", "LIS", "sphincterial system", "fissurectomy", "anoplasty", "cutaneous V-Y advancement flap", "IAS hypertonia", "idiopathic", "hypertonic", "anal continence", "post-operative complications", "recurrence rate", "anal incontinence", "manometric values", "Proctology", "Sphincterotomy" ], "keyword_chains": "'The following table shows the number of cases of the disease in the European Union:' means '\u00c4tiopathogenese' means 'Etiopatog\u00e9nesis' means '\u00c9tiopathogen\u00e8se' means 'Etiopatogenesi' means 'Etiopatog\u00e9nese' means '\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0437'. 'Chronic anal anterior fissure' means 'Chronische Anter\u00f6re Fissur' means 'Fissura Anterior Anal Cr\u00f3nica' means 'Fissure anteriore anale chronique' means 'Fissura anteriore anale cronica' means 'Fissura Anterior Anal Cr\u00f4nica' means '\u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'Other financial assets' means 'CAAF' means 'Las medidas de seguridad' means 'CAAF' means 'CAAF' means 'CAAF' means 'CAAF'. 'the following paragraph is added:' means 'Krankheitsphysiologie' means 'patolog\u00eda' means 'physiopathologie' means 'Fisiopatologia' means 'fisiopatologia' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'anal canal pressure' means 'Druck im Analkanal' means 'presi\u00f3n en el canal anal' means 'pression du canal anal' means 'pressione del canale anale' means 'press\u00e3o no canal anal' means '\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435'. 'Other' means 'LIS' means 'LIS (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'Le LIS' means 'LIS' means 'LIS' means '\u041b\u0418\u0421'. 'sphincteric system' means 'Schlie\u00dfmuskel' means 'Sistema esf\u00ednter' means 'syst\u00e8me sphincterien' means 'sistema sfinterico' means 'Sistema esf\u00edncter' means '\u0441\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430'. 'the following procedures are used:' means 'Fissurektomie' means 'Fisiurectom\u00eda' means 'c\u00e9r\u00e9brale' means 'Fissurectomia' means 'Fissurectomia' means '\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0449\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'anoplasty' means 'Anoplastien' means 'Anoplastia de las piernas' means 'chirurgie esth\u00e9tique' means 'Anoplastica' means 'Anoplastia' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'cutaneous V-Y advancement flap' means 'Hautf\u00f6rmiger V-Y-Aufstiegsfl\u00fcgel' means 'colgajo cut\u00e1neo V-Y' means 'clapet de d\u00e9ploiement V-Y cutan\u00e9' means 'flap cutaneo V-Y' means 'aba de avan\u00e7o cut\u00e2neo V-Y' means '\u043a\u043e\u0436\u0438 V-Y \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d'. 'Other' means 'IAS-Hypertonie' means 'Hiperton\u00eda de las IAS' means 'Hypertonie de l'IAS' means 'Ipertonia di IAS' means 'Hipertens\u00e3o do IAS' means '\u0413\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0418\u0410\u0421'. 'idiopathic' means 'idiopathische' means 'enfermedad idiop\u00e1tica' means 'idiopathique' means 'di tipo idiopatico' means 'idiop\u00e1tica' means '\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439'. 'hypertonic' means '\u00dcberschwemmungen' means 'hipertonias' means 'hypertonique' means 'ipertonico' means 'hipert\u00f3nico' means '\u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439'. 'anal continence' means 'Analkontinenz' means 'Continencia anal' means 'Continence anale' means 'continenza anale' means 'continen\u00e7a anal' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'post-operative complications' means 'Komplikationen nach der Operation' means 'complicaciones postoperatorias' means 'complications post-op\u00e9ratoires' means 'complicazioni post-operatorie' means 'complica\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'rate of recurrence' means 'R\u00fcckfallrate' means 'tasa de recurrencia' means 'taux de r\u00e9cidive' means 'tasso di recidiva' means 'taxa de recorr\u00eancia' means '\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432'. 'anal incontinence' means 'Analinkontinenz' means 'Incontinencia anal' means 'Incontinence anale' means 'incontinenza anale' means 'Incontin\u00eancia anal' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0447\u0438'. 'the manometric values' means 'Manometrische Werte' means 'valores manom\u00e9tricos' means 'valeurs manom\u00e9triques' means 'valori manometrici' means 'valores manom\u00e9tricos' means '\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'Proctology and' means 'Proctologie' means 'Proctolog\u00eda' means 'Proth\u00e9sie' means 'Proctologia' means 'Proctologia' means '\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'Sphincterotomy' means 'Sphinkterotomie' means 'Esf\u00ednterotom\u00eda' means 'Sphincterotomie' means 'Sfintterotomia' means 'Esf\u00edncterotomia' means '\u0421\u0444\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "16", "en": "Over the years, evidence-based data and technical improvements have consolidated the central role of radiation therapy (RT) in head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment, even in the elderly. This survey aimed to describe the management of the elderly HNC patients among Italian Radiation Oncology Departments (RODs) and provide possible suggestions for improvement. An online survey based on 43 questions was sent to RODs via email. For each RODs, a radiation oncologist with expertise in HNC was invited to answer questions addressing his/her demographic data, ROD multidisciplinary unit (MU) organisation and ROD management policy in elderly HNC patients. In total, 68 RODs answered, representing centres located in 16 Italian regions. MU was considered the core of HNC patient management in almost all the entire country. However, in many RODs, there was minimal access to a routinely comprehensive geriatric assessment at diagnosis. Most treatments were reported by respondents as curative (89% on average) and the preferred treatment technique was intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A considerable variation between RODs was found for RT target volumes. There was a relation between the specialist's years of experience and type of concomitant systemic therapy prescribed. Substantial differences in elderly HNC management have been found, especially concerning patient clinical evaluation and target volume delineation. This survey shows the necessity to design a prospective national trial to provide a uniform treatment strategy and define an effective patient-centred approach.", "it": "Risultati di una survey su pazienti anziani con tumore testa collo \u2013 a nome dell\u2019Associazione Italiana di Radioterapia e Oncologia Clinica (AIRO). Il ruolo della radioterapia nel trattamento dei tumori testa collo \u00e8 ormai consolidato anche per i pazienti anziani. Lo scopo di questa survey \u00e8 quello di descrivere la gestione del paziente anziano con tumore testa collo tra i centri di radioterapia italiani e fornire possibili suggerimenti di miglioramento. Una survey online basata su 43 domande \u00e8 stata inviata ai vari centri via mail. Per ciascun centro un radioterapista oncologo (RO) esperto nel trattamento di questi tumori \u00e8 stato invitato a rispondere a domande riguardanti i suoi dati demografici, l\u2019organizzazione del team multidisciplinare (TM) del centro e la gestione del paziente anziano con tumore testa collo. In totale hanno risposto 68 RO, rappresentanti centri situati in 16 regioni italiane. Il TM \u00e8 stato considerato il nucleo della gestione dei pazienti con tumore testa collo in quasi tutto il paese. In molti centri c\u2019era un accesso ridotto a una routinaria valutazione geriatrica multidimensionale. La maggior parte dei trattamenti (89%) aveva intento curativo e la radioterapia a intensit\u00e0 modulata (IMRT) era la tecnica di trattamento di scelta. \u00c8 stata rilevata una notevole variazione tra i vari centri circa la scelta dei volumi target e una correlazione tra gli anni di esperienza dello specialista e il tipo di terapia sistemica concomitante prescritta. Sono state riscontrate differenze sostanziali nella gestione del paziente anziano con tumore testa collo, in particolare per quanto riguarda la valutazione clinica del paziente e la delineazione del volume target. Questa survey mostra la necessit\u00e0 di progettare una sperimentazione nazionale prospettica per omogeneizzare la strategia di trattamento e definire un approccio efficace incentrato sul paziente.", "keywords": [ "evidence-based data", "radiation therapy", "head and neck cancer", "elderly", "management", "Italian Radiation Oncology Departments", "multidisciplinary unit", "ROD management policy", "comprehensive geriatric assessment", "curative treatments", "intensity modulated radiation therapy", "RT target volumes", "specialist's years of experience", "concomitant systemic therapy", "patient clinical evaluation", "target volume delineation", "prospective national trial", "patient-centred approach" ], "keyword_chains": "'evidence-based data' means 'auf Beweisen basierende Daten' means 'datos basados en pruebas' means 'donn\u00e9es fond\u00e9es sur des preuves' means 'dati basati su prove' means 'dados baseados em provas' means '\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445'. 'radiation therapy' means 'Strahlentherapie' means 'tratamiento con radiaci\u00f3n' means 'radioth\u00e9rapie' means 'radioterapia' means 'radioterapia' means '\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'head and neck cancer' means 'Kopf- und Halskrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer de cabeza y cuello' means 'cancer de la t\u00eate et du cou' means 'tumore della testa e del collo' means 'C\u00e2ncer de cabe\u00e7a e pesco\u00e7o' means '\u0440\u0430\u043a \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0448\u0435\u0438'. 'elderly' means '\u00e4ltere' means 'ancianos' means 'personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es' means 'anziani' means 'idosos' means '\u043f\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438'. 'management and' means 'Verwaltung' means 'gesti\u00f3n' means 'gestion du' means 'gestione' means 'gest\u00e3o' means '\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Italian radiation oncology departments' means 'Italienische Abteilungen f\u00fcr Strahlentherapie' means 'Servicios de radioncolog\u00eda italianos' means 'D\u00e9partements italiens d'oncologie radiologique' means 'Dipartimenti di Oncologia Radiologica Italiani' means 'Servi\u00e7os de Radioncologia Italianos' means '\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438'. 'multidisciplinary unit' means 'multidisziplin\u00e4re Einheit' means 'Unidad multidisciplinaria' means 'unit\u00e9 pluridisciplinaire' means 'unit\u00e0 multidisciplinare' means 'Unidade multidisciplinar' means '\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430'. 'ROD management policy' means 'ROD-Verwaltungspolitik' means 'Pol\u00edtica de gesti\u00f3n de las ROD' means 'Politique de gestion des DRO' means 'Politica di gestione dei DOR' means 'Pol\u00edtica de gest\u00e3o de ROD' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0420\u041e\u0414'. 'comprehensive geriatric assessment of the health of the elderly' means 'umfassende geriatrische Beurteilung' means 'evaluaci\u00f3n geri\u00e1trica integral' means '\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique compl\u00e8te' means 'valutazione geriatrica completa' means 'avalia\u00e7\u00e3o geri\u00e1trica abrangente' means '\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430'. 'curative treatments' means 'Heilmittel' means 'Tratamientos curativos' means 'traitements curatifs' means 'trattamenti curativi' means 'Tratamentos curativos' means '\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'intensity modulated radiation therapy' means 'Strahlentherapie mit modulierter Intensit\u00e4t' means 'radioterapia modulada por intensidad' means 'radioth\u00e9rapie \u00e0 intensit\u00e9 modul\u00e9e' means 'radioterapia a intensit\u00e0 modulata' means 'radioterapia com modula\u00e7\u00e3o de intensidade' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0438'. 'RT targeted volumes' means 'RT Zielvolumen' means 'RT volumen objetivo' means 'RT volumes cibles' means 'RT volumi di riferimento' means 'RT volumes-alvo' means 'RT \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u044b'. 'years of experience of the specialist' means 'Jahre der Berufserfahrung des Spezialisten' means 'a\u00f1os de experiencia del especialista' means 'ann\u00e9es d'exp\u00e9rience du sp\u00e9cialiste' means 'anni di esperienza dello specialista' means 'anos de experi\u00eancia do especialista' means '\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430'. 'concomitant systemic therapy' means 'gleichzeitige systemische Therapie' means 'tratamiento sist\u00e9mico concomitante' means 'th\u00e9rapie syst\u00e9mique concomitante' means 'terapia sistemica concomitante' means 'terap\u00eautica sist\u00e9mica concomitante' means '\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'clinical evaluation of the patient' means 'klinische Bewertung des Patienten' means 'evaluaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica del paciente' means '\u00e9valuation clinique du patient' means 'valutazione clinica del paziente' means 'avalia\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00ednica do doente' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430'. 'the target volume is delineated' means 'Abgrenzung des Zielvolumens' means 'Delimitaci\u00f3n del volumen objetivo' means 'd\u00e9limitation du volume cible' means 'Delimitazione del volume di riferimento' means 'Delimita\u00e7\u00e3o do volume alvo' means '\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0430'. 'prospective national trial' means 'Aussicht auf eine nationale Studie' means 'Proyecto de ensayo nacional' means 'essai national potentiel' means 'prospettiva di sperimentazione nazionale' means 'Ensaio nacional prospectivo' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441'. 'patient-centred approach' means 'Patientenorientierte Ansatz' means 'enfoque centrado en el paciente' means 'approche centr\u00e9e sur le patient' means 'approccio centrato sul paziente' means 'abordagem centrada no doente' means '\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434'" }, { "id": "17", "en": "This study was undertaken to evaluate the association between demographics, lifestyle habits, and clinical data and overall survival (OS), recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) in patients with first primary head and neck cancer (HNC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 482 patients treated at the \"Agostino Gemelli\" Teaching Hospital, Rome, between 2002-2012 for primary HNC. Individual parameters were evaluated for association with specific outcomes such as OS, cancer recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) appearance using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Five-year OS was 60.6% for all HNC cases, 49.0% for oral cavity, 54.8% for oropharynx, 50.0% for hypopharynx and 63.4% for larynx. Predictors of OS were older age (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.05) and advanced tumour stage (HR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.41-2.84). The risk of recurrence was associated with drinking 8-14 drinks per week (HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.00-2.97). The risk of developing SPC increased with advanced tumour stage (HR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.39-5.44) and with smoking for more than 40 years (HR = 3.68; 95% CI: 1.10-12.30). OS differed among HNC sites. Increasing age was an unfavourable predictor of HNC OS. Tumour stage was a prognostic factor both for OS and for risk of developing SPC. Alcohol and tobacco consumption were prognostic factors for recurrence and SPC, respectively.", "it": "\u00c8 stata condotta un\u2019analisi retrospettiva su 482 pazienti con diagnosi di tumore testa-collo arruolati presso l\u2019 ospedale \u201cAgostino Gemelli\u201d di Roma. L\u2019associazione tra fattori demografici, clinici e comportamentali con la overall survival (OS), il rischio di ricorrenza ed il rischio di un secondo tumore primitivo \u00e8 stata stimata usando gli Hazard Ratio (HR) e gli intervalli di confidenza al 95% (CIs). La OS considerando tutte le sedi tumorali \u00e8 stata del 60%, mentre considerando le singole sedi tumorali \u00e8 risultata del 49.0% per il cavo orale, 54.8% per l\u2019orofaringe, 50.0% per l\u2019ipofaringe e 63.4% per la laringe. Un\u2019et\u00e0 avanzata alla diagnosi (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.05) ed un avanzato stadio del tumore (HR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.41-2.84) sono risultati fattori significativamente associati con la OS. Il rischio di ricorrenza \u00e8 risultato associato con il consumo di alcolici (HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.00-2.97). Il rischio di sviluppare un secondo tumore primitivo \u00e8 risutlato associato con uno stadio avanzato del tumore primario (HR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.39-5.44) e con l\u2019aver fumato per pi\u00f9 di 40 anni (HR = 3.68; 95% CI: 1.10-12.30). In conclusione abbiamo notato che la OS differisce tra le sedi tumorali del tumore testa-collo. Lo stadio tumorale \u00e8 risultato essere associato sia con la OS che con il rischo di sviluppare un secondo tumore primitivo. Il consumo di alcol e di tabacco sono risultati essere fattori prognostici, rispettivamente, per la ricorrenza e per l\u2019insorgenza di un secondo tumore primitivo.", "keywords": [ "demographics", "lifestyle habits", "clinical data", "overall survival", "recurrence", "second primary cancer", "first primary head and neck cancer", "hazard ratios", "confidence intervals", "oral cavity", "oropharynx", "hypopharynx", "larynx", "advanced tumour stage", "risk of recurrence", "drinking 8-14 drinks per week", "developing SPC", "unfavourable predictor", "prognostic factor", "alcohol consumption", "tobacco consumption" ], "keyword_chains": "'population and demographics' means 'demografische' means 'datos demogr\u00e1ficos' means 'd\u00e9mographique' means 'dati demografici' means 'dados demogr\u00e1ficos' means '\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'lifestyle habits' means 'Lebensgewohnheiten' means 'h\u00e1bitos de estilo de vida' means 'habitudes de vie' means 'abitudini di vita' means 'h\u00e1bitos de vida' means '\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438'. 'clinical data' means 'klinische Daten' means 'datos cl\u00ednicos' means 'donn\u00e9es cliniques' means 'dati clinici' means 'dados cl\u00ednicos' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'overall survival' means 'Gesamt\u00fcberlebensrate' means 'supervivencia global' means 'survie globale' means 'sopravvivenza globale' means 'sobreviv\u00eancia global' means '\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'recurrence' means 'Wiederholung' means 'reincidencia' means 'r\u00e9currence' means 'ricorrenza' means 'recorr\u00eancia' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'second primary cancer' means 'zweiter prim\u00e4rer Krebs' means 'segundo c\u00e1ncer primario' means 'deuxi\u00e8me cancer primaire' means 'secondo tumore primario' means 'segundo cancro prim\u00e1rio' means '\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a'. 'first primary head and neck cancer' means 'Erster prim\u00e4rer Kopf- und Halskrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer primario de cabeza y cuello' means 'premier cancer primaire de la t\u00eate et du cou' means 'primo tumore primario della testa e del collo' means 'primeiro cancro prim\u00e1rio da cabe\u00e7a e do pesco\u00e7o' means '\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0448\u0435\u0438'. 'hazard ratios' means 'Gefahrenquoten' means '\u00edndices de riesgo' means 'rapports de risque' means 'rapporti di pericolo' means '\u00edndices de risco' means '\u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'confidence intervals' means 'Konfidenzintervalle' means 'intervalos de confianza' means 'les intervalles de confiance' means 'intervalli di confidenza' means 'intervalos de confian\u00e7a' means '\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044b'. 'oral cavity' means 'Mundh\u00f6hle' means 'cavidad bucal' means 'la cavit\u00e9 buccale' means 'cavit\u00e0 orale' means 'cavidade oral' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0442\u0430'. 'oropharynx' means 'Mund- und Rachenh\u00f6hle' means 'Or\u00f3faringe' means 'oropharynx' means 'orofarince' means 'orofaringe' means '\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437'. 'hypopharynx' means 'Hypopharynx' means 'hipofaringe y' means 'hypopharynx' means 'ipopharynx' means 'hipofaringe' means '\u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0441'. 'larynx' means 'Kehlkopf' means 'laringe y laringe' means 'larynx' means 'laringe' means 'laringe' means '\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'advanced stage of tumour' means 'fortgeschrittenes Tumorstufen' means 'Estadio avanzado del tumor' means 'stade avanc\u00e9 de la tumeur' means 'stadio tumorale avanzato' means 'est\u00e1gio avan\u00e7ado do tumor' means '\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'risk of recurrence' means 'Risiko eines Wiederauftretens' means 'riesgo de reincidencia' means 'risque de r\u00e9cidive' means 'rischio di recidiva' means 'risco de recorr\u00eancia' means '\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430'. 'drinking 8-14 drinks a week' means '8 bis 14 Getr\u00e4nke pro Woche' means 'beber de 8 a 14 bebidas por semana' means 'boire 8 \u00e0 14 verres par semaine' means 'bere da 8 a 14 bevande a settimana' means 'beber 8-14 bebidas por semana' means '\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 8-14 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e'. 'developing SPC' means 'Entwicklung des SPC' means 'desarrollo del RCP' means 'd\u00e9veloppement du RCP' means 'sviluppo del RCP' means 'desenvolvimento do RCP' means '\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0412\u041e'. 'unfavourable predictor' means 'ung\u00fcnstiger Vorhersagefaktor' means 'predictor desfavorable' means 'pr\u00e9dicteur d\u00e9favorable' means 'predittore sfavorevole' means 'Preditor desfavor\u00e1vel' means '\u043d\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440'. 'prognostic factor' means 'Prognostikfaktor' means 'factor de pron\u00f3stico' means 'facteur de pronostic' means 'fattore prognostico' means 'fator de progn\u00f3stico' means '\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440'. 'alcohol consumption' means 'Alkoholkonsum' means 'consumo de alcohol' means 'consommation d'alcool' means 'consumo di alcol' means 'consumo de \u00e1lcool' means '\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f'. 'consumption of tobacco' means 'Tabakkonsum' means 'consumo de tabaco' means 'consommation de tabac' means 'consumo di tabacco' means 'consumo de tabaco' means '\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430'" }, { "id": "18", "en": "Mastitis is one of the most important factor diseases in dairy cattle worldwide. Milking technique represents one of the factors involved in the development of mastitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of vibrations during milking on the rate of clinical and subclinical mastitis. For this purpose, milking measurements, tank milk analyses and survey forms (general farm data, assessment of milking work and milking hygiene, teat condition, feeding, farm problems, animal behavior) were assessed in 8 Swiss dairy farms. The results show a correlation between present vibrations at the output of the milk meter and increasing bulk milk somatic cell count. Further, a tendency was shown for vibrations at the input of the milk meter to influence bulk milk somatic cell count. Also, a tendency regarding vibrations at the outlet of the milk meter and acute phase protein milk amyloid A was evident. In conclusion, the results suggest that vibration during milking might have a negative effect on udder health. However, further research with a larger number of dairies is needed to make a more generally valid statement.", "it": "La mastite \u00e8 una delle pi\u00f9 importanti malattie dei bovini da latte in tutto il mondo. La tecnica utilizzata per la mungitura \u00e8 uno dei fattori che gioca un ruolo nello sviluppo della mastite. Questo studio si propone di indagare l\u2018influenza delle vibrazioni durante la mungitura sul tasso di mastite clinica e subclinica. A tal fine, in 8 aziende lattiero-casearie svizzere sono state effettuate misurazioni della mungitura, analisi del latte in cisterna e sondaggi (dati generali dell\u2018azienda, valutazione del lavoro di mungitura e dell\u2018igiene, condizioni dei capezzoli, alimentazione, problemi aziendali, comportamento degli animali). I risultati hanno rilevato una correlazione tra la presenza di vibrazioni all\u2018uscita del lattometro e l\u2018aumento del numero di cellule somatiche del latte in cisterna. Inoltre, le vibrazioni all\u2018ingresso del lattometro tendono a influenzare il numero di cellule somatiche del latte in cisterna. Esiste anche una tendenza a una correlazione tra le vibrazioni all\u2018uscita dell\u2018analizzatore del latte e la proteina di fase acuta amiloide A del latte. In sintesi, i risultati indicano che le vibrazioni durante la mungitura possono avere un effetto negativo sulla salute della mammella. Tuttavia, sono necessarie ulteriori ricerche su un numero maggiore di aziende per poter fare un\u2018affermazione generalizzata.", "keywords": [ "mastitis", "milking technique", "vibrations", "clinical mastitis", "subclinical mastitis", "milking measurements", "tank milk analyses", "survey forms", "milking hygiene", "teat condition", "feeding", "animal behavior", "bulk milk somatic cell count", "acute phase protein", "milk amyloid A", "udder health" ], "keyword_chains": "'and' means 'Mastitis' means 'la enfermedad' means 'd\u00e9pression' means 'di mastite' means 'infec\u00e7\u00e3o por bact\u00e9rias' means '\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442'. 'milking technique' means 'Melchtechnik' means 't\u00e9cnica de orde\u00f1o' means 'technique de traite' means 'tecnica di mungitura' means 'T\u00e9cnica de ordenha' means '\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'vibration' means 'Schwingungen' means 'vibraciones' means 'vibrations' means 'vibrazioni' means 'Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es' means '\u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'clinical mastitis' means 'klinische Mastitis' means 'Mastitis cl\u00ednica' means 'mastectomie clinique' means 'mastitite clinica' means 'Mastite cl\u00ednica' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442'. 'Subclinical mastitis' means 'subklinische Mastitis' means 'Mastitis subcl\u00ednica' means 'Mastite sous-clinique' means 'mastite subclinica' means 'Mastite subcl\u00ednica' means '\u0441\u0443\u0431\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442'. 'measurements of milking' means 'Melkemessungen' means 'mediciones de orde\u00f1o' means 'mesures de traite' means 'misurazioni della mungitura' means 'medi\u00e7\u00f5es de ordenha' means '\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'analyses of tank milk' means 'Milch in der Tankstelle' means 'an\u00e1lisis de leche en tanque' means 'analyses du lait dans les r\u00e9servoirs' means 'analisi del latte in vasca' means 'An\u00e1lises de leite de tanque' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0435'. 'survey forms' means 'Umfrageformulare' means 'formularios de encuesta' means 'formulaires de l'enqu\u00eate' means 'moduli di indagine' means 'formul\u00e1rios de inqu\u00e9rito' means '\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430'. 'hygiene of milking' means 'Milchhygiene' means 'higiene de orde\u00f1o' means 'hygi\u00e8ne de traite' means 'igiene della mungitura' means 'higiene de ordenha' means '\u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'condition of the teat' means 'Zustand der Zittern' means 'estado de las tetas' means '\u00e9tat de la t\u00e9tine' means 'condizione della tetta' means 'condi\u00e7\u00e3o da tetina' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430'. 'feeding' means 'F\u00fctterung' means 'alimentaci\u00f3n' means 'alimentation' means 'alimentazione' means 'alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'animal behaviour and' means 'Tierverhalten' means 'comportamiento animal' means 'comportement des animaux' means 'comportamento animale' means 'comportamento animal' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445'. 'bulk milk somatic cell count' means 'Somatische Zellzahl bei Massenmilch' means 'recuento de c\u00e9lulas som\u00e1ticas de leche a granel' means 'nombre de cellules somatiques du lait en vrac' means 'numero di cellule somatiche del latte sfuso' means 'contagem de c\u00e9lulas som\u00e1ticas do leite em massa' means '\u0441\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430'. 'acute phase protein' means 'Protein der akuten Phase' means 'Prote\u00edna de la fase aguda' means 'prot\u00e9ine de phase aigu\u00eb' means 'proteine della fase acuta' means 'Prote\u00edna da fase aguda' means '\u0431\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'milk amyloid A' means 'Milchamyloid A' means 'amiloide A de la leche' means 'amylo\u00efde A du lait' means 'amiloide A del latte' means 'amiloide A do leite' means '\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0434 \u0410'. 'health of the udder' means 'Gesundheit der Eimer' means 'salud de la ubre' means 'sant\u00e9 de la mamelle' means 'salute delle mammelle' means 'Sa\u00fade da \u00famera' means '\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438'" }, { "id": "19", "en": "Given the high prevalence of thyroid nodules in the general population it is essential to develop a method for identifying those nodules which require fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) due to suspicion for malignancy in order to avoid over- or under treatment of this disease. The ultrasound (US) criteria identified by Kim et\u00a0al. and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists appear to be the most sensitive and most specific. The purpose of this study was to analyze a sample of patients who underwent FNAB of the thyroid and to compare the obtained data with the international guidelines and the recommendations for management of thyroid nodules. This study analyzed the clinical, anamnestic and US reasons for which 97 nodules located in 89 patients underwent FNAB, and the data were compared with the criteria set by the guidelines and with the cytological results. Echogenicity was indication for FNAB in 99% of cases, appearance of the margins in 75.3%, presence of calcifications in 93.8% and presence of vascularity in 73.2%. In a total of 4.1% of cases, cytological outcome was positive for malignancy, 21.6% necessitated monitoring, 4.1% were referred to surgery and histological examination of the surgical specimen and 63.9% resulted negative for malignancy. The finding of hypoechoic nodules often leads to continued investigation; the presence of intranodular vascularization detected at Doppler US is perceived as suspicious and the presence of microcalcifications always leads to further investigation. On the request of the endocrinologist the dominant nodule in a goiter is in most cases subjected to FNAB even if the volume has not increased. Adequate US criteria can help identify potentially malignant nodules and guide implementation of FNAB. However, identification of malignant nodules using instrumental investigation cannot disregard medical records and clinical laboratory tests. According to the authors' experience, a close collaboration between endocrinologists, radiologists and pathologists is essential for a correct evaluation of patients with thyroid nodules in order to avoid over or under estimation of the risk of malignancy of a nodule and therefore of the necessity to perform further examinations.", "it": "Sommario INTRODUZIONE: Data l\u2019elevata prevalenza di noduli tiroidei nella popolazione generale \u00e8 indispensabile un metodo di individuazione dei noduli sospetti per neoplasia da sottoporre an FNAB per evitare un sovra o sotto trattamento della patologia. I criteri ecografici individuati da Dizionario - Visualizza dizionario dettaglKim et\u00a0al e dall\u2019American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists risultano essere rispettivamente i pi\u00f9 sensibili e pi\u00f9 specifici. Lo scopo dello studio \u00e8 di analizzare un campione di pazienti sottoposti a biopsia tiroidea con ago sottile (Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy - FNAB) e verificare quanto nella pratica clinica si faccia riferimento alle linee guida. MATERIALI E METODI: Sono state analizzate le motivazioni clinico-anamnestiche e/o ecografiche per cui 97 (in 89 pazienti) noduli sono stati sottoposti FNAB; i dati sono stati confrontati con i criteri indicati dalle linee guida ed con i risultati citologici. RISULTATI: L\u2019ecogenicit\u00e0 era indicata nel 99% dei casi, l\u2019aspetto dei margini nel 75.3%, la presenza di calcificazioni nel 93.8%, la presenza di vascolarizzazione nel 73.2%. Il 4.1% dei noduli punti \u00e8 risultato positivo per neoplasia, il 21.6% da monitorare, il 4.1% da sottoporre ad esame istologico (su pezzo chirurgico) ed il 63.9% negativo. DISCUSSIONE: Il nodulo ipoecogeno induce spesso alla prosecuzione degli accertamenti; la presenza di vascolarizzazione al Doppler viene percepita come sospetta; la presenza di microcalcificazioni d\u00e0 sempre seguito ad accertamenti ulteriori. Il nodulo prevalente in uno struma viene sottoposto an FNAB anche in molti casi in cui non ha subito crescita, in base a specifica richiesta endocrinologica. I criteri ecografici consentono di identificare i noduli potenzialmente maligni e di orientare l\u2019esecuzione di FNAB; l\u2019identificazione di noduli maligni con esami strumentali non pu\u00f2 prescindere dai dati anamnestici e clinico-laboratoristici. Quindi, anche in base alla nostra esperienza, \u00e8 fondamentale la collaborazione tra endocrinologi, radiologi ed anatomo-patologi per una corretta valutazione del paziente con noduli tiroidei al fine di evitare sovra o sottostima del rischio di malignit\u00e0 di un nodulo e dunque della necessit\u00e0 o meno di eseguire esami di approfondimento.", "keywords": [ "thyroid nodules", "fine-needle aspiration biopsy", "malignancy", "over-treatment", "under-treatment", "ultrasound criteria", "sensitivity", "specificity", "clinical", "anamnestic", "echogenicity", "margins", "calcifications", "vascularity", "cytological results", "hypoechoic nodules", "intranodular vascularization", "Doppler US", "microcalcifications", "goiter", "medical records", "clinical laboratory tests", "collaboration", "evaluation", "risk estimation", "further examinations" ], "keyword_chains": "'thyroid nodules' means 'Schilddr\u00fcsenkn\u00f6tchen' means 'n\u00f3dulos de la tiroides' means 'nodules de la thyro\u00efde' means 'noduli della tiroide' means 'n\u00f3dulos da tire\u00f3ide' means '\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430'. 'Fine needle aspiration biopsy' means 'Biopsie durch Feinnadelspiration' means 'biopsia por aspiraci\u00f3n con aguja fina' means 'biopsie par aspiration \u00e0 l'aiguille fine' means 'biopsia di aspirazione con ago fine' means 'Bi\u00f3psia por aspira\u00e7\u00e3o com agulha fina' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0433\u043b\u044b'. 'other' means 'Schwergewicht' means 'enfermedad maligna' means 'tumeur maligne' means 'tumore maligno' means 'doen\u00e7a maligna' means '\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f'. 'overtreatment' means '\u00dcberbehandlung' means 'tratamiento excesivo' means 'surtraitement' means 'trattamento eccessivo' means 'sobre-tratamento' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430'. 'under-treatment' means 'Unterbehandlung' means 'subtratamiento' means 'sous-traitement' means 'sotto-trattamento' means 'subtratamento' means '\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430'. 'criteria for ultrasound' means 'Kriterien f\u00fcr Ultraschall' means 'Criterios de ecograf\u00eda' means 'crit\u00e8res d'\u00e9chographie' means 'criteri ecografici' means 'Crit\u00e9rios de ultra-som' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'sensitivity' means 'Empfindlichkeit' means 'sensibilidad' means 'sensibilit\u00e9' means 'sensibilit\u00e0' means 'sensibilidade' means '\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'specificity' means 'Spezifit\u00e4t' means 'Especificidad' means 'sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9' means 'specificit\u00e0' means 'Especificidade' means '\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'clinical' means 'klinische' means 'cl\u00ednico' means 'clinique' means 'clinica' means 'cl\u00ednica' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f'. 'anamnestic' means 'anamnestisch' means 'Anamnesias y otras' means 'anamnestique' means 'anamnestica' means 'Anamn\u00e9stica' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0437'. 'the following paragraph is added:' means '\u00c4chogenit\u00e4t' means 'ecogenicidad' means '\u00e9cho-g\u00e9n\u00e9tique' means 'ecogenesi' means 'ecogenicidade' means '\u044d\u0445\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'Other' means 'Spitzenwerte' means 'margen de p\u00e9rdidas' means 'marges' means 'margini' means 'margens' means '\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0436\u0438'. 'calcification' means 'Verkalkung' means 'Calcificaciones' means 'calcifications' means 'calcificazioni' means 'calcifica\u00e7\u00f5es' means '\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'vascularity' means 'Gef\u00e4\u00dfbildung' means 'vascularidad' means 'vascularit\u00e9' means 'vascolarit\u00e0' means 'vascularidade' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'cytological results' means 'Zytologische Ergebnisse' means 'resultados citol\u00f3gicos' means 'r\u00e9sultats cytologiques' means 'risultati citologici' means 'Resultados citol\u00f3gicos' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'hypoechoic nodules' means 'Hypop\u00e4choische Kn\u00f6tchen' means 'n\u00f3dulos hipoecoicos' means 'nodules hypocho\u00efques' means 'noduli ipoecoici' means 'n\u00f3dulos hipoecoicos' means '\u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u044d\u0445\u043e\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438'. 'The following table shows the number of patients with the disease:' means 'Intra-Nodul\u00e4re Vaskularisierung' means 'vascularizaci\u00f3n intranodular' means 'une vascularisation intranodulaire' means 'vascolarizzazione intranodulare' means 'vasculariza\u00e7\u00e3o intranodular' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'Doppler US' means 'Doppler US' means 'Doppler EE.UU.' means 'Doppler US' means 'Doppler US' means 'Doppler US' means '\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0440 US'. 'microcalcifications' means 'Mikrokalzifizierungen' means 'las microcalcificaciones' means 'microcalcifications' means 'microcalcificazioni' means 'microcalcifica\u00e7\u00f5es' means '\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'and goiter' means 'Kropf' means 'gota' means 'goitre' means 'gozzo' means 'b\u00f3cio' means '\u0433\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440'. 'medical records' means 'Krankenakte' means 'expedientes m\u00e9dicos' means 'dossiers m\u00e9dicaux' means 'cartelle cliniche' means 'Registros m\u00e9dicos' means '\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'clinical laboratory tests' means 'klinische Laboruntersuchungen' means 'pruebas cl\u00ednicas de laboratorio' means 'tests de laboratoire clinique' means 'prove cliniche di laboratorio' means 'testes cl\u00ednicos de laborat\u00f3rio' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'cooperation' means 'Zusammenarbeit' means 'colaboraci\u00f3n' means 'collaboration' means 'collaborazione' means 'colabora\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e'. 'the evaluation' means 'Auswertung' means 'evaluaci\u00f3n' means '\u00e9valuation' means 'valutazione' means 'avalia\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430'. 'the risk estimate' means 'Risikobewertung' means 'estimaci\u00f3n del riesgo' means '\u00e9valuation des risques' means 'valutazione del rischio' means 'Estimativa de risco' means '\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430'. 'further examinations' means 'weitere Untersuchungen' means 'otros ex\u00e1menes' means 'autres examens' means 'ulteriori esami' means 'Exames adicionais' means '\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "20", "en": "Conventional management of popliteal artery aneurysms (PAA) through a medial approach may be lon term ineffective. We report our long term rate of continued sac perfusion after ligation and bypass, combined to duplex ultrasound (DUS) surveillance protocol. Follow-up data of 24 PAA (mean diameter 37.5 \u00b1 8.8 mm) treated by ligation and bypass with eventual adjunctive procedures (direct sac embolization or resection) were collected. The endpoints of the study were the long term rate of continued sac perfusion and the freedom from any reintervention. Twentyfour PAA were treated in 20 patients. Long term follow-up was complete for 19 graft (79.1%). During a median follow-up of 71.2 months (4-168), persistent sac flow was found in 5 legs (26.3%), 4 to 36 months after surgery, without enlargement or rupture. The cumulative Kaplan-Meier survival free from PAA reperfusion at 1, 3, and 6 years was 91.5%, 77.5%, and 71.5%, respectively. Basing on DUS surveillance, late additional procedures were required in 5 patients (25%), to treat sac reperfusion or preserve graft patency. The cumulative Kaplan-Meier survival free from any reintervention at 1, 3, and 6 years was 91.5%, 72.8%, and 67%, respectively. Conventional management of PAA through a medial approach may be associated to progressive sac expansion. The DUS surveillance protocol remains strongly recommended to detect sac perfusion and suggest the timing of reintervention before rupture occurs. Adjunctive intraoperative procedures could improve the long term results, but further studies on large series are needed. Acrylic glue, Duplex ultrasound study, Femoropopliteal bypass, Popliteal artery aneurysm, Ultrasoundguided embolization.", "it": "Il trattamento convenzionale degli aneurismi dell\u2019arteria poplitea (PAA) prevede la legatura dell\u2019aneurisma ed il confezionamento di un bypass femoro-popliteo, con accesso chirurgico mediale. Tuttavia, l\u2019esclusione vascolare a lungo termine non \u00e8 sempre garantita, per causa del flusso retrogrado proveniente dalle arterie genicolari, con possibile espansione dell\u2019aneurisma, fino alla rottura. In questo studio vengono riportati i risultati a lungo termine di aneurismi poplitei trattati con metodica tradizionale, seguita da un rigoroso follow-up strumentale, al fine di identificare riperfusioni della sacca aneurismatica e di provvedere tempestivamente al trattamento. Studio retrospettivo su 24 PAA in 20 pazienti (19 maschi, 1 femmina, et\u00e0 media 62.7 \u00b1 9.9) sottoposti a legatura e bypass femoro-popliteo (2009- 2023), ricontrollati periodicamente con ecocolor-Doppler ed eventuale angio-TC, al fine di evidenziare l\u2019incompleta esclusione vascolare dell\u2019aneurisma. Endpoint dello studio: tasso di riperfusione della sacca a lungo termine e libert\u00e0 da reinterventi tardivi. Ventiquattro PAA con diametro medio di 37.5 \u00b1 8.8 mm (range 25-55 mm), sono stati trattati con legatura e bypass per via mediale. In 11 casi (45.8%) sono state eseguite procedure aggiuntive, quali resezione parziale dell\u2019aneurisma ed embolizzazione intraoperatoria di colla al cianoacrilato (Glubran 2, GEM, Viareggio - Italy). Al follow-up medio di 71.2 mesi (4-168), era evidente all\u2019ecocolor-Doppler un flusso arterioso persistente all\u2019interno della sacca in 3 pazienti, 5 arti (26.3%), da 4 a 36 mesi dopo la chirurgia. Tre casi venivano trattati con successo, mediante embolizzazione ecoguidata di cianoacrilato, mentre in altri 2 casi si preferiva un trattamento conservativo. Il tasso di riperfusione della sacca aneurismatica secondo la curva di Kaplan-Meier a 1, 3 e 6 anni era rispettivamente 91.5%, 77.5% e 71.5%. Il tasso di libert\u00e0 da reintervento secondo la curva di Kaplan-Meier a 1, 3 e 6 anni era rispettivamente del 91.5%, 72.8% e 67%. Il trattamento convenzionale dei PAA attraverso l\u2019approccio mediale si associa a buoni risultati a distanza, in termini di assenza di riperfusione della sacca residua. Tuttavia, in circa il 25% dei pazienti l\u2019esclusione vascolare dopo chirurgia non \u00e8 completa. L\u2019adeguato follow-up clinico e strumentale identifica questa eventualit\u00e0 ed indica l\u2019opportunit\u00e0 o meno di un trattamento, che pu\u00f2 essere rappresentato dalla embolizzazione percutanea ecoguidata con cianoacrilato.", "keywords": [ "popliteal artery aneurysms", "medial approach", "long term effectiveness", "sac perfusion", "ligation and bypass", "duplex ultrasound", "follow-up data", "adjunctive procedures", "direct sac embolization", "resection", "freedom from reintervention", "persistent sac flow", "Kaplan-Meier survival", "sac reperfusion", "graft patency", "DUS surveillance", "acrylic glue", "femoropopliteal bypass", "ultrasound-guided embolization" ], "keyword_chains": "'aneurysms of the popliteal artery' means 'aneurysmen der Popliteal-Arterie' means 'aneurismas de la arteria popl\u00edtea' means 'an\u00e9vrismes de l' art\u00e8re popliteuse' means 'aneurismi dell' arteria poplitea' means 'aneurismas da art\u00e9ria popl\u00edtea' means '\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'medial approach' means 'Medialer Ansatz' means 'Aproximaci\u00f3n medial' means 'approche m\u00e9diane' means 'approccio mediano' means 'abordagem medial' means '\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434'. 'long term effectiveness' means 'Langfristige Wirksamkeit' means 'eficacia a largo plazo' means 'efficacit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme' means 'efficacia a lungo termine' means 'efic\u00e1cia a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'Perfusion of the sac' means 'Sackperfusion' means 'Perfusi\u00f3n de saco' means 'perfusion de sac' means 'perfusione del sac' means 'perfus\u00e3o de saco' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430'. 'ligation and bypass' means 'Ligation und Bypass' means 'ligadura y bypass' means 'ligation et pontage' means 'legatura e bypass' means 'ligadura e bypass' means '\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434'. 'duplex ultrasound' means 'Duplex-Ultraschall' means 'ecograf\u00eda d\u00faplex' means '\u00e9chographie \u00e0 double sens' means 'ecografia duplex' means 'Ultrassom duplex' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'follow-up data' means 'Folgeergebnisse' means 'datos de seguimiento' means 'donn\u00e9es de suivi' means 'dati di follow-up' means 'dados de acompanhamento' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'adjunctive procedures' means 'Zus\u00e4tzliche Verfahren' means 'procedimientos complementarios' means 'proc\u00e9dures auxiliaires' means 'procedure accessorie' means 'Procedimentos complementares' means '\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u044b'. 'direct sac embolization' means 'Direkte Sackembolierung' means 'embolizaci\u00f3n directa de los sacos' means 'embolie sacoide directe' means 'embolizzazione diretta del sac' means 'emboliza\u00e7\u00e3o por saco direto' means '\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'resection' means 'Entfernung' means 'resecci\u00f3n' means 'r\u00e9s\u00e9ction' means 'resezione' means 'ressec\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'freedom from re-intervention' means 'Freiheit von Wiedereingreifen' means 'libertad de reintervenci\u00f3n' means 'exemption de r\u00e9intervention' means 'libert\u00e0 da reintervento' means 'isen\u00e7\u00e3o de reinterven\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430'. 'persistent sack flow' means 'anhaltende Sackflu\u00df' means 'flujo de saco persistente' means 'flux de sacs persistants' means 'flusso di sacchi persistente' means 'fluxo de saco persistente' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0432'. 'The Kaplan-Meier survival is' means 'Kaplan-Meier-\u00dcberlebensrate' means 'La supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier' means 'Survie selon Kaplan-Meier' means 'Sopravvivenza Kaplan-Meier' means 'Sobreviv\u00eancia Kaplan-Meier' means '\u0412\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d-\u041c\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0443'. 'sack reperfusion' means 'Sack-Reperfusion' means 'Reperfusi\u00f3n de saco' means 'r\u00e9perfusion du sac' means 'riperfusione del sacco' means 'reperfus\u00e3o de saco' means '\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430'. 'graft permeability' means 'Durchl\u00e4ssigkeit des Transplantats' means 'Permeabilidad del injerto' means 'la transparence du greffon' means 'permeabilit\u00e0 del trapianto' means 'Permeabilidade do enxerto' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430'. 'DUS surveillance' means '\u00dcberwachung der DUS' means 'Vigilancia de las DUS' means 'Surveillance du DUS' means 'Sorveglianza del DUS' means 'Vigil\u00e2ncia do DUS' means '\u041d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0414\u0423\u0421'. 'acrylic glue' means 'mit einer Breite von mehr als 200 mm' means 'el adhesivo acr\u00edlico' means 'colle acrylique' means 'colla acrilica' means 'col\u00e1geno acr\u00edlico' means '\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439'. 'femoropopliteal bypass' means 'Bein- und Lendenmuskel-Bypass' means 'bypass femorop\u00f3liteo' means 'd\u00e9rivation f\u00e9moropolitaire' means 'bypass femoropopliteo' means 'bypass femorop\u00f3liteo' means '\u0424\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0430\u0441'. 'ultrasound-guided embolization' means 'Ultraschall-gef\u00fchrte Embolisierung' means 'embolizaci\u00f3n guiada por ultrasonido' means 'embolization par ultrasons' means 'embolizzazione guidata con ultrasuoni' means 'emboliza\u00e7\u00e3o guiada por ultrassonografia' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "21", "en": "The patient histories, findings from clinical examinations, diagnostic imaging techniques, the surgical procedures, complications, necropsy findings and the outcomes from five male or castrated male alpacas with scapulohumeral sub-/luxation are presented. These alpacas each had a history of severe forelimb lameness for one week (n: 1), four weeks (n: 2) and for two-to-three months (n: 2). Two of the five alpacas were euthanized due to severe osteoarthritic changes that developed during the two-to-three months of scapulohumeral luxation. Three alpacas were treated with open reduction and internal stabilisation by placing tension band sutures between one 4,5\u2009mm cortical screw anchored in the scapular neck and two 4,5\u2009mm cortical screws anchored in the greater humeral tubercle, all of them provided with washers. Post-surgery a carpal flexion sling was applied to avoid postoperative weight-bearing. An exercise programme was started after removal of the carpal sling and continued for 12 weeks. In one of the three alpacas an additional non-displaced fracture of the acromion occurred two weeks after surgery. In conclusion, all three treated alpacas had good-to-excellent long-term outcomes and are still alive 123, 15 and 12 months after surgical repair of the scapulohumeral sub-/luxation. As four weeks, or even up to three months elapsed in four of these five alpacas until a definitive diagnosis was made, more education should be provided to alpaca owners that severely lame animals should be presented to a veterinarian with adequate diagnostic possibilities and expertise as soon as possible in order not to compromise treatment success.", "it": "In questo studio retrospettivo, vengono presentate le anamnesi, i risultati degli esami clinici e delle procedure di imaging, le procedure chirurgiche utilizzate, le complicazioni, i risultati della necroscopia e gli esiti di cinque alpaca maschi o maschi castrati con sublussazione o lussazione scapolomerale. Questi alpaca avevano tutti una storia di grave zoppia degli arti anteriori, con durata di una settimana (n: 1), quattro settimane (n: 2) e per due o tre mesi (n: 2). Due dei cinque alpaca sono stati eutanasiati a causa di gravi cambiamenti osteoarticolari sviluppati durante i due o tre mesi di lussazione scapolomerale. Tre alpaca sono stati trattati mediante riduzione chirurgica e stabilizzazione interna. Le suture sono state posizionate a forma di otto utilizzando la tecnica della banda di tensione tra una vite corticale da 4,5\u2009mm ancorata nel collo scapolare e due viti corticali da 4,5\u2009mm ancorate nella tuberosit\u00e0 maggiore dell\u2019omero. Tutte le viti corticali da 4,5\u2009mm sono state dotate di rondelle. Dopo l\u2019intervento, \u00e8 stata applicata un\u2019imbragatura per la flessione carpale al fine di proteggere la regione articolare della spalla operata. Dopo la rimozione dell\u2019imbragatura carpale, \u00e8 stato avviato un programma di esercizi che \u00e8 stato seguito per 12 settimane. Due settimane dopo l\u2019intervento, uno dei tre alpaca ha subito un\u2019ulteriore frattura non scomposta dell\u2019acromion. In conclusione, tutti e tre gli alpaca trattati hanno mostrato esiti a lungo termine da buoni a eccellenti e sono ancora vivi a 123, 15 e 12 mesi dopo la riparazione chirurgica della sublussazione o lussazione scapolomerale. Poich\u00e9 per quattro di questi cinque alpaca il tempo trascorso prima di giungere a una diagnosi definitiva era di almeno quattro settimane, o addirittura fino a tre mesi, sarebbe opportuno fornire una maggiore educazione ai proprietari di alpaca affinch\u00e9 gli animali affetti da zoppia vengano presentati a un veterinario con adeguate possibilit\u00e0 diagnostiche ed esperienza il prima possibile, al fine di non compromettere il successo del trattamento.", "keywords": [ "scapulohumeral sub-/luxation", "forelimb lameness", "osteosarthritic changes", "open reduction", "internal stabilisation", "tension band sutures", "cortical screw", "greater humeral tubercle", "carpal flexion sling", "non-displaced fracture", "acromion", "long-term outcomes", "definitive diagnosis", "diagnostic possibilities", "treatment success" ], "keyword_chains": "'The following are the most commonly reported symptoms of the disease:' means 'Sch\u00e4del- und Oberarm-Unterluxation' means 'subluxaci\u00f3n escapulohumeral' means 'sous-luxation scapulohum\u00e9rale' means 'sub-/lussazione scapulohumerale' means 'sub-/luxa\u00e7\u00e3o escapulohumeral' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043b\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'lameness of the forelimbs' means 'Hohlbein- und Hohlbein-L\u00e4hmung' means 'Culebra en las extremidades delanteras' means 'boiterie des membres ant\u00e9rieurs' means 'Infermit\u00e0 del seno' means 'coxagem dos membros anteriores' means '\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439'. 'osteosarthritic changes' means 'Osteoarthritische Ver\u00e4nderungen' means 'alteraciones osteosartr\u00edticas' means 'alt\u00e9rations de l' osse' means 'alterazioni osteosartritiche' means 'altera\u00e7\u00f5es osteossartr\u00f3ticas' means '\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'open reduction' means 'offene Verringerung' means 'reducci\u00f3n abierta' means 'r\u00e9duction ouverte' means 'riduzione aperta' means 'redu\u00e7\u00e3o aberta' means '\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'the internal stabilisation' means 'interne Stabilisierung' means 'Estabilizaci\u00f3n interna' means 'stabilisation interne' means 'stabilizzazione interna' means 'Estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o interna' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'tension band sutures' means 'Spannbandn\u00e4hte' means 'suturas de banda de tensi\u00f3n' means 'sutures \u00e0 bande de tension' means 'suture a fascia di tensione' means 'suturas de bandas de tens\u00e3o' means '\u0448\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'cortical screw' means 'Kortikalschraube' means 'parafuso cortical' means 'vis corticale' means 'vite corticale' means 'parafuso cortical' means '\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442'. 'the greater humeral tubercle' means 'gr\u00f6\u00dfere Humertuberkel' means 'tuberculo humeral mayor' means 'tubercule hum\u00e9ral sup\u00e9rieur' means 'tubercolo omerale maggiore' means 'Tub\u00e9rculo humeral maior' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0451\u0437\u0430'. 'carpal flexion sling' means 'Karpalschleife' means 'Cuerdas de flexi\u00f3n carpiana' means '\u00e9lastique de flexion carpale' means 'Fessura carpale' means 'Fenda de flex\u00e3o do carpo' means '\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u043f\u0430'. 'fracture without displacement' means 'nicht verschobene Fraktur' means 'fractura sin desplazamiento' means 'fracture non d\u00e9plac\u00e9e' means 'frattura non spostata' means 'fractura n\u00e3o deslocada' means '\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c'. 'acromion' means 'Akromion' means 'Acr\u00f3mio' means 'acromion' means 'acromione' means 'acromi\u00e3o' means '\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043d'. 'long-term outcomes' means 'langfristige Ergebnisse' means 'resultados a largo plazo' means 'r\u00e9sultats \u00e0 long terme' means 'risultati a lungo termine' means 'resultados a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'the final diagnosis' means 'endg\u00fcltige Diagnose' means 'diagn\u00f3stico definitivo' means 'diagnostic d\u00e9finitif' means 'diagnosi definitiva' means 'diagn\u00f3stico definitivo' means '\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437'. 'diagnostic possibilities' means 'Diagnosem\u00f6glichkeiten' means 'posibilidades de diagn\u00f3stico' means 'possibilit\u00e9s de diagnostic' means 'possibilit\u00e0 diagnostiche' means 'possibilidades de diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'treatment success' means 'Behandlungserfolg' means '\u00e9xito del tratamiento' means 'succ\u00e8s du traitement' means 'successo del trattamento' means 'sucesso do tratamento' means '\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "22", "en": "Vocal fold polyps (VFPs) are the most common benign laryngeal lesions that require surgery and are routinely managed by microlaryngoscopy (MLS) under general anaesthesia. Prior to introduction of MLS, VFPs were removed using indirect laryngoscopic surgery (ILS) in local anaesthesia, a procedure that required substantial surgical skill to operate with an unmagnified mirror view of the larynx. With the adoption of wireless endoscopy equipment and personal computers, we tried to simplify this technique so that it can be easily performed in the office. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ILS by comparing voice outcomes with MLS. ILS and MLS were performed in six patients each. Treatment outcomes were measured using a voice self-assessment and objective acoustic analysis. The total cost of both procedures was calculated. Both techniques allowed successful removal of VFPs in all patients, without significant intergroup differences in voice outcomes. The cost of ILS was significantly lower. Despite the pilot nature of the study and the small sample size, our data indicate the potential value of this technique which, considering its simplicity and economic value could be used as an alternative to MLS in carefully selected patients.", "it": "Chirurgia laringea indiretta dei polipi delle corde vocali: un\u2019arte in via di estinzione o in evoluzione? I polipi delle corde vocali (VFPs) rappresentano le pi\u00f9 comuni lesioni laringee benigne e sono generalmente trattati in microlaringoscopia diretta (MLS) in anestesia generale. Prima dell\u2019avvento di tale procedura, i VFPs erano rimossi tramite chirurgia in laringoscopia indiretta (ILS) in anestesia locale. Abbiamo cercato pertanto di semplificare la ILS con l\u2019aiuto di strumenti endoscopici wireless e di computer, in modo da renderla facilmente eseguibile in ambulatorio. Obiettivo del presente studio \u00e8 di testare l\u2019efficacia della ILS. ILS e MLS sono state eseguite in 6 pazienti ciascuna. I risultati del trattamento sono stati misurati attraverso autovalutazione vocale ed analisi acustica oggettiva. Sono stati inoltre calcolati i costi di ILS e MLS. Entrambe le tecniche si sono confermate efficaci nella rimozione di VFPs in tutti i pazienti in assenza di alterazioni vocali significative. I costi della ILS si sono dimostrati significativamente inferiori. Nonostante il piccolo campione di pazienti, i nostri dati confermano il potenziale valore della ILS. Alla luce della sua semplicit\u00e0 e della convenienza economica, la ILS potrebbe essere utilizzata come alternativa alla MLS in pazienti attentamente selezionati.", "keywords": [ "Vocal fold polyps", "benign laryngeal lesions", "microlaryngoscopy", "general anaesthesia", "indirect laryngoscopic surgery", "local anaesthesia", "surgical skill", "unmagnified mirror view", "wireless endoscopy equipment", "personal computers", "voice outcomes", "voice self-assessment", "objective acoustic analysis", "treatment outcomes", "intergroup differences", "pilot nature", "small sample size", "economic value", "alternative to MLS" ], "keyword_chains": "'Vocal fold polyps' means 'Polypen der Stimmfalten' means 'Pol\u00edpos de las cuerdas vocales' means 'Polypes des plis vocaux' means 'Polipi delle pieghe vocali' means 'Pol\u00edpos das dobras vocais' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043e\u043a'. 'benign laryngeal lesions' means 'gutartige Kehlkopfl\u00f6tenverletzungen' means 'lesiones lar\u00edngeas benignas' means 'l\u00e9sions b\u00e9nignes du larynx' means 'lesioni laringee benigne' means 'les\u00f5es lar\u00edngeas benignas' means '\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438'. 'microlaryngoscopy' means 'Mikrolaryngoskopie' means 'microlaringoscopia' means 'micro-laryngoscopie' means 'microlaringoscopia' means 'microlaringoscopia' means '\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'general anaesthesia' means 'allgemeine An\u00e4sthesie' means 'anestesia general' means 'anesth\u00e9sie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale' means 'anestesia generale' means 'anestesia geral' means '\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438'. 'indirect laryngoscopic surgery' means 'indirekte Laryngoskopie' means 'cirug\u00eda laringosc\u00f3pica indirecta' means 'chirurgie laryngoscopique indirecte' means 'chirurgia laringoscopica indiretta' means 'Cirurgia laringosc\u00f3pico indireta' means '\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'local anaesthesia' means 'Lokalan\u00e4sthesie' means 'anestesia local' means 'anesth\u00e9sie locale' means 'anestesia locale' means 'anestesia local' means '\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044f'. 'surgical skill' means 'chirurgische F\u00e4higkeiten' means 'habilidad quir\u00fargica' means 'comp\u00e9tence chirurgicale' means 'abilit\u00e0 chirurgica' means 'habilidade cir\u00fargica' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e'. 'unenlarged mirror view' means 'Spiegelbild ohne Vergr\u00f6\u00dferung' means 'vista en espejo sin agrandar' means 'vue miroir non agrandie' means 'vista speculare senza ingrandimento' means 'vista em espelho sem amplia\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'wireless endoscopy equipment' means 'drahtlose Endoskopie-Ausr\u00fcstung' means 'equipo de endoscopia inal\u00e1mbrico' means '\u00e9quipements d'endoscopie sans fil' means 'apparecchiature per endoscopia senza fili' means 'equipamento de endoscopia sem fios' means '\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438'. 'personal computers' means 'Personalcomputer' means 'ordenadores personales' means 'ordinateurs personnels' means 'computer personali' means 'computadores pessoais' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b'. 'voice outputs' means 'Stimmenergebnisse' means 'resultados de las voces' means 'r\u00e9sultats vocaux' means 'risultati vocali' means 'resultados de voz' means '\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445'. 'self-assessment of voice' means 'Stimme selbstbeurteilen' means 'autoevaluaci\u00f3n de la voz' means 'auto-\u00e9valuation de la voix' means 'auto-valutazione vocale' means 'autoavalia\u00e7\u00e3o da voz' means '\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0430'. 'objective acoustic analysis' means 'objektive akustische Analyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis ac\u00fastico objetivo' means 'analyse acoustique objective' means 'analisi acustica oggettiva' means 'An\u00e1lise ac\u00fastica objetiva' means '\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'treatment outcomes' means 'Behandlungsergebnisse' means 'resultados del tratamiento' means 'r\u00e9sultats du traitement' means 'risultati del trattamento' means 'resultados do tratamento' means '\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'Intergroup differences' means 'Unterschiede zwischen Gruppen' means 'Diferencias entre grupos' means 'diff\u00e9rences intergroupes' means 'differenze intergruppo' means 'Diferen\u00e7as intergrupo' means '\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f'. 'pilot nature' means 'Pilot-Natur' means 'naturaleza piloto' means 'le caract\u00e8re pilote' means 'natura pilota' means 'natureza piloto' means '\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440'. 'small sample size' means 'kleine Stichprobengr\u00f6\u00dfe' means 'tama\u00f1o de muestra peque\u00f1o' means 'taille d'\u00e9chantillon r\u00e9duite' means 'campione di piccole dimensioni' means 'tamanho da amostra reduzido' means '\u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438'. 'economic value' means 'wirtschaftlicher Wert' means 'Valor econ\u00f3mico' means 'valeur \u00e9conomique' means 'valore economico' means 'valor econ\u00f3mico' means '\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'alternative to MLS' means 'Alternative zu MLS' means 'alternativa al MLS' means 'alternative \u00e0 la MLS' means 'alternativa alla MLS' means 'alternativa ao MLS' means '\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 MLS'" }, { "id": "23", "en": "We aimed to evaluate the effect of PET taken before surgery on the treatment protocol in patients diagnosed with BC and whether PET resulted in changes in the disease stage. BC patients in our hospital who underwent surgery between 2016-2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The effect of preoperative PET on the treatment protocol was evaluated in all. Patients were divided into subgroups depending on whether they underwent direct surgery without CTX or were operated on after CTX initiation. In addition, in the group that did not receive CTX, axillary findings of PET were compared with postoperative histopathological results, and axillary PPV, NPV, sensitivity and specificity of PET were determined. In this subgroup, the preoperative PET stage was compared with the postoperative histopathological stage, and any changes in the disease stage were compared. In our study, PET affected the treatment protocol of 19 patients (20%). PET resulted in staging differences in 57.6% overall, increased staging in four patients (8.8%) who did not receive early-stage CT, and lower staging in 22 (48.8%) patients in the group. In early-stage BC of PET, the PPV for axilla was 81.2%, the NPV was 65.5%, sensitivity was 56.5%, and specificity was 86.3%. Although PET has many limitations, the determination of the size of the primary tumor and the multiple foci at different locations according to PET findings helped us to easily determine the treatment protocol for patients planned for BCS. The preoperative routine use of PET, which can provide more information about metastasis and stage than other methods in patients undergoing BC surgery, may improve the management of treatment in these patients. Breast cancer, 18F FDG-PET/CT, Chemotherapy, Staging.", "it": "Lo studio \u00e8 finalizzato a valutare l\u2019effetto della PET preoperatoria sul protocollo di trattamento nelle pazienti affetta da cancro mammario e se la PET ha comportato variazioni nell\u2019evoluzione della malattia. Sono state analizzate retrospettivamente le pazienti affetta da cancro della mammella e trattate chirurgicamente nel nostro ospedale tra il 2016-2020, valutando in tutte l\u2019effetto degli esiti della PET sul protocollo di trattamento. Le pazienti sono state divise in due sottogruppi a seconda che fossero state sottoposte a intervento chirurgico senza preliminare CTX o dopo essere state sottoposte a questa indagine. Inoltre nel gruppo senza CTX preoperatoria i risultati della PET a livello ascellare sono stati confrontati con i reperti istopatologici postoperatori, determinando PPV e NPV, sensibilit\u00e0 e specificit\u00e0 della PET. In questo sottogruppo, il referto della PET preoperatoria \u00e8 stata confrontata con quello istopatologico postoperatorio e sono stati confrontati eventuali cambiamenti nello sviluppo della malattia. In questo nostro studio, la PET ha influenzato il protocollo di trattamento di 19 pazienti (20%). La PET ha portato a differenze di stadiazione complessive del 57,6%, con un incremento di stadio in quattro pazienti (8,8%) non sottoposte a TC in fase iniziale e una riduzione di stadio in 22 (48,8%) pazienti del gruppo. In early-stage BC of PET, the PPV for axilla was 81.2%, the NPV was 65.5%, sensitivity was 56.5%, and specificity was 86.3%. Sebbene la PET abbia molte limitazioni, la determinazione della dimensione del tumore primario e dei focolai multipli in diverse posizioni in base ai risultati della PET ci ha aiutato a determinare facilmente il protocollo di trattamento per le pazienti destinate alla chirurgia conservativa. L\u2019uso preoperatorio di routine della PET, pu\u00f2 fornire pi\u00f9 informazioni sulle metastasi e sullo stadio rispetto ad altri metodi nei pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia BC, pu\u00f2 migliorare la gestione del trattamento in questi pazienti.", "keywords": [ "PET", "surgery", "treatment protocol", "BC", "disease stage", "retrospectively", "CTX", "axillary findings", "histopathological results", "PPV", "NPV", "sensitivity", "specificity", "early-stage", "limitations", "primary tumor", "multiple foci", "metastasis", "BCS", "management", "18F FDG-PET/CT", "Chemotherapy", "Staging" ], "keyword_chains": "'Other, of a thickness' means 'PET-Schicht' means 'Las dem\u00e1s' means 'Autres produits' means 'PET' means 'PET' means '\u041f\u042d\u0422'. 'surgical' means 'Operationen' means 'cirug\u00eda' means 'chirurgie' means 'chirurgia' means 'cirurgia' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'treatment protocol' means 'Behandlungsprotokoll' means 'Protocolo de tratamiento' means 'le protocole de traitement' means 'protocollo di trattamento' means 'protocolo de tratamento' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'Other' means 'BC' means 'C. y C.' means 'B.C.' means 'BC' means 'BC (em ingl\u00eas)' means '\u0411\u041a'. 'stage of the disease' means 'Krankheitsstadium' means 'Estadio de la enfermedad' means 'stade de la maladie' means 'stadio della malattia' means 'Est\u00e1gio da doen\u00e7a' means '\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'retrospectively' means 'r\u00fcckwirkend' means 'con car\u00e1cter retroactivo' means 'r\u00e9trospectivement' means 'retrospettivamente' means 'retrospectivamente' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e'. 'CTX' means 'CTX' means 'CTX' means 'CTX' means 'CTX' means 'CTX' means 'CTX'. 'axillary findings' means 'Achselh\u00f6hlenbefunde' means 'hallazgos axilares' means 'trouvailles axillaires' means 'riscontri delle ascelle' means 'achados axilares' means '\u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'histopathological results' means 'histopathologische Ergebnisse' means 'resultados histopatol\u00f3gicos' means 'r\u00e9sultats histopathologiques' means 'risultati istopatologici' means 'Resultados histopatol\u00f3gicos' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'Other' means 'PPV' means 'VPP y VPP' means 'Le PPV' means 'PPV' means 'VPP' means '\u041f\u041f\u0412'. 'Other assets' means 'Nettoinlandswert' means 'Valor neto neto de las acciones' means 'VAN' means 'VAL' means 'VAL l\u00edquido' means '\u041d\u041f\u0426'. 'sensitivity' means 'Empfindlichkeit' means 'sensibilidad' means 'sensibilit\u00e9' means 'sensibilit\u00e0' means 'sensibilidade' means '\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'specificity' means 'Spezifit\u00e4t' means 'Especificidad' means 'sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9' means 'specificit\u00e0' means 'Especificidade' means '\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'early stage' means 'Fr\u00fchphase' means 'en etapa temprana' means 'stade pr\u00e9coce' means 'fase iniziale' means 'est\u00e1gio inicial' means '\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f'. 'restrictions' means 'Einschr\u00e4nkungen' means 'limitaciones' means 'les restrictions' means 'limitazioni' means 'limita\u00e7\u00f5es' means '\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'primary tumour' means 'prim\u00e4rer Tumor' means 'tumor primario' means 'tumeur primaire' means 'tumore primario' means 'tumor prim\u00e1rio' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'multiple foci' means 'mehrere Brennpunkte' means 'focos m\u00faltiples' means 'foyer multiple' means 'focolai multipli' means 'focos m\u00faltiplos' means '\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435'. 'other' means 'Metastasen' means 'Met\u00e1stasis en el cuerpo' means 'm\u00e9tastases' means 'metastasi' means 'met\u00e1stase' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'BCS' means 'BCS' means 'CCS y' means 'BCS (en anglais)' means 'Codice di sicurezza' means 'BCS' means '\u0411\u041a\u0411'. 'management and' means 'Verwaltung' means 'gesti\u00f3n' means 'gestion du' means 'gestione' means 'gest\u00e3o' means '\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'The following table is added:' means '18F FDG-PET/CT' means '18F FDG-PET/CT' means 'Le produit est soumis \u00e0 une \u00e9mission de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) de haute qualit\u00e9.' means '18F FDG-PET/CT' means '18F FDG-PET/CT' means '18F FDG-PET/CT'. 'Chemotherapy' means 'Chemotherapie' means 'Quimioterapia' means 'La chimioth\u00e9rapie' means 'Chimioterapia' means 'Quimioterapia' means '\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'Staging' means 'Inszenierung' means 'La puesta en escena' means 'Mise en sc\u00e8ne' means 'Staging' means 'Encenamento' means '\u0421\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430'" }, { "id": "24", "en": "Acetaminophen is effective for acute surgical pain, but whether it reduces persistent incision pain remains unknown. We tested the primary hypothesis that patients given perioperative acetaminophen have less incisional pain three months after surgery. Our secondary hypotheses were that patients randomized to acetaminophen have less postoperative pain and analgesic consumption, and better functional recovery at three months. 140 patients having abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to: 1)intravenous acetaminophen (4 g/day for 72 postoperative hours); or, 2) saline placebo. The primary outcome was incisional pain visual analog scale (VAS) at three months after surgery. The secondary outcomes were (1, 2) postoperative VAS scores while laying and sitting and (3) total patient-controlled intravenous tramadol consumption during the initial 24 hours, (4) DN4 questionnaires and (5) SF-12 at three months after surgery. The persistent incisional pain scores at three months were significantly lower in acetaminophen (median [Q1, Q3]: 0 [0, 0]) as compared with saline group (0 [0, 1]) (P = 0.002). Specifically, 89%, 9%, and 2% of acetaminophen patients with VAS pain score at three months of 0, 1, and 2 or more, as compared with 66%, 23%, and 10% in the saline group (odds ratio: 2.19 (95% CI: 1.33, 3.59), P = 0.002). Secondly, postoperative pain scores both laying and sitting were significantly lower in the acetaminophen group. Acetaminophen group had significantly better DN4 score and mental health related but not physical health related quality of life. Our results suggest that acetaminophen reduces the risk and intensity of persistent incisional pain. However, there are other mechanisms by which acetaminophen might reduce persistent pain. Anesthesia, acetaminophen, Persistent surgical pain, Postoperative acute pain.", "it": "L\u2019acetaminofene (paracetamolo) \u00e8 efficace nel trattamento del dolore chirurgico acuto, ma non \u00e8 noto se riduce il dolore persistente delle incisioni. Abbiamo esaminato una prima ipotesi che la somministrazione perioperatoria dell\u2019acetaminofene riduce il dolore dell\u2019incisione tre mesi dopo l\u2019interventi. Le nostre ipotesi secondarie erano che pazienti randomizzati al paracetamolo avessero minore dolore postoperatorio e minore consumo di analgesici, e migliore recupero funzionale a tre mesi. Sono state utilizzate 140 pazienti sottoposte ad isterectomia per via addominale, suddivise a random e in doppio cieco tra un gruppo sottoposto alla somministrazione endovenosa per 72 ore nel postoperatorio di 4 g/die di paracetamolo, ed un secondo gruppo trattato con semplice placebo (soluzione fisiologica). Come controllo primario \u00e8 stata usata la scala analogica visiva (VAS) del dolore incisionale a tre mesi dopo l\u2019intervento. Il controllo secondario sono stati la VAS del dolore 1) in posizione sdraiata, 2) in posizione seduta, 3) il consumo totale di tramandolo endovena richiesto dalla paziente nelle prime 24 ore dall\u2019intervento , 4) il questionario Diagnostico del Dolore Neuropatico (DN4), e 5) il questionario sullo stato di salute SF-12 a tre mesi dopo l\u2019intervento chirurgico . Risultati: il punteggio del dolore persistente a tre mesi a livello dell\u2019incisione \u00e8 significativamente inferiore nel gruppo trattato con paracetamolo (in media [Q1, Q3]: 0 [0, 0]) a paragone col gruppo trattato con placebo (0 [0, 1]) (P = 0.002). Pi\u00f9 specificamente 89%, 9%, e 2% delle pazienti trattate con paracetamolo hanno presentato un punteggio 0, 1 e 2 o pi\u00f9 nel VAS del dolore a tre mesi, a paragone col 66%, 23%, e 10% delle pazienti trattate con placebo (rapporto di probabilit\u00e0 : 2.19 (95% CI: 1.33, 3.59), P = 0.002). secondariamente i punteggi del dolore postoperatorio sia in posizione sdraiata che seduta sono stati sifgnificativamente inferiori nel gruppo trattato con paracetamolo. Questo gruppo ha presentato un DN4 significativamente migliore e correlata ad un migliore DF-12, ma non una qualit\u00e0 di vita correlata alla salute fisica. Da questi risultati si conclude che il paracetamolo riduce richio ed intensit\u00e0 del dolore persistente a livello dell\u2019incisione chirurgica. Per\u00f2 esistono altri meccanismi con cui il paracetamolo potrebbe ridurre il dolore persistente.", "keywords": [ "acetaminophen", "persistent incision pain", "incisional pain", "visual analog scale", "postoperative pain", "analgesic consumption", "functional recovery", "abdominal hysterectomy", "saline placebo", "DN4 questionnaires", "SF-12", "odds ratio", "mental health related quality of life", "physical health related quality of life", "persistent surgical pain", "postoperative acute pain" ], "keyword_chains": "'Acetaminophen' means 'Acetaminophen' means 'Acetaminof\u00e9n' means 'ac\u00e9taminoph\u00e8ne' means 'Acetaminofene' means 'acetaminofeno' means '\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0435\u043d'. 'persistent incision pain' means 'anhaltende Schmerzen bei Einschnitten' means 'dolor de incisi\u00f3n persistente' means 'douleur incisive persistante' means 'dolore persistente da incisione' means 'dor de incis\u00e3o persistente' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435'. 'incisional pain' means 'Schmerzen bei Einschnitten' means 'dolor por incisi\u00f3n' means 'douleur incisionnelle' means 'dolore incisionale' means 'Dor incisiva' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435'. 'visual analog scale' means 'visuelle analoge Skala' means 'Escala anal\u00f3gica visual' means '\u00e9chelle analogique visuelle' means 'scala analogica visiva' means 'Escala anal\u00f3gica visual' means '\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0448\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430'. 'postoperative pain' means 'Schmerzen nach der Operation' means 'dolor postoperatorio' means 'douleur postop\u00e9ratoire' means 'dolore postoperatorio' means 'dor p\u00f3s- operat\u00f3ria' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'consumption of analgesics' means 'Verbrauch von Schmerzmitteln' means 'consumo de analg\u00e9sicos' means 'consommation d'analg\u00e9siques' means 'consumo di analgesici' means 'consumo de analg\u00e9sicos' means '\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445'. 'functional recovery' means 'Funktionswiederherstellung' means 'recuperaci\u00f3n funcional' means 'r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration fonctionnelle' means 'recupero funzionale' means 'recupera\u00e7\u00e3o funcional' means '\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'abdominal hysterectomy' means 'Abdominale Hysterektomie' means 'histerectom\u00eda abdominal' means 'hyst\u00e9rectomie abdominale' means 'isterectomia addominale' means 'histerectomia abdominal' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0440\u044e\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'saline placebo' means 'Salzl\u00f6sung Placebo' means 'placebo con soluci\u00f3n salina' means 'placebo avec solution saline' means 'placebo con soluzione salina' means 'placebo com solu\u00e7\u00e3o salina' means '\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439'. 'DN4 questionnaires' means 'DN4-Frageb\u00f6gen' means 'Cuestionarios DN4' means 'Questionnaires DN4' means 'Questionnaire DN4' means 'Question\u00e1rios DN4' means '\u0410\u043d\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b DN4'. 'SF-12' means 'SF-12' means 'El SF-12' means 'Le SF-12' means 'SF-12' means 'SF-12' means 'SF-12'. 'odds ratio' means 'Gewinnquote' means 'relaci\u00f3n de probabilidades' means 'taux de cotes' means 'rapporto di probabilit\u00e0' means 'taxa de probabilidade' means '\u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432'. 'mental health-related quality of life' means 'psychische Gesundheit im Zusammenhang mit der Lebensqualit\u00e4t' means 'calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mental' means 'qualit\u00e9 de vie li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 mentale' means 'qualit\u00e0 della vita legata alla salute mentale' means 'qualidade de vida relacionada com a sa\u00fade mental' means '\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438'. 'physical health-related quality of life' means 'Gesundheit und Lebensqualit\u00e4t' means 'calidad de vida relacionada con la salud f\u00edsica' means 'qualit\u00e9 de vie li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 physique' means 'qualit\u00e0 della vita legata alla salute fisica' means 'qualidade de vida relacionada com a sa\u00fade f\u00edsica' means '\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438'. 'persistent surgical pain' means 'anhaltende chirurgische Schmerzen' means 'dolor quir\u00fargico persistente' means 'douleur chirurgicale persistante' means 'dolore chirurgico persistente' means 'dor cir\u00fargica persistente' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'acute pain after surgery' means 'akute Schmerzen nach der Operation' means 'dolor agudo postoperatorio' means 'douleur aigu\u00eb postop\u00e9ratoire' means 'dolore acuto postoperatorio' means 'dor aguda p\u00f3s- operacional' means '\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c'" }, { "id": "25", "en": "OBJECTIVE; The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of patients treated by stapler hemorrhoidopexy for hemorrhoidal disease with a long term foloow up. Patients who were operated with stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) technique between 01/01/2009 and 01/01/2019 in the general surgery department were included. Patients with stage 2 and stage 3 hemorrhoidal disease included. All patients were operated by the same surgeon using a 33-mm circular PPH stapler. All patients were evaluated on the 7 th day with physical examination, at the second month with physical exam and flexible rectoscopy and at one year with physical examination or telephone call and then with follow up exams if they had symptoms. 646 patients were included. 581 of them were discharged on the same day of the operation. At 1 week after surgery,78 patients (12 %) reported urgency and occasional gas leakage, and 18 patients (3%) reported liquid leakage. 68 patients ( 11%) developed grade 3 or 4 recurrence 38 (6 %) of these patients were treated with Milligan Morgan hemorroidectomy. 19 patients with bleeding were treated with band ligation . Fourty-five patients (7%) required drug therapy for treating hemorrhoidal bleeding. 42 patients developed anal fissure and three patients had anal stenosis. SH provides high patient comfort and short hospital stay and is a good surgical alternative providing a low recurrence rate in the long run . This single center study with a long follow up period provides a contribution to literature. De Longo, Hemorrhoidal disease, Stapled hemorrhoidopexy.", "it": "Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 finalizzato a valutare i risultati di pazienti trattati con emorroidopessi con suturatrice per malattia emorroidaria, con un follow-up a lungo termine. Sono stati considerati i pazienti operati con la tecnica dell\u2019emorroidopessi con stapler (SH) tra il 1\u00b0 gennaio 2009 e il 1\u00b0 gennaio 2019 nel reparto di chirurgia generale dell\u2019Ospedale Ata\u015fehir Florence Nightingale di Istanbul La casistica studiata comprende pazienti con malattia emorroidaria di stadio 2 e 3. Tutti i pazienti sono stati operati dallo stesso chirurgo utilizzando una suturatrice PPH circolare da 33 mm. Tutti i pazienti sono stati valutati al 7\u00b0 giorno con esame obiettivo, al secondo mese con esame obiettivo e rettoscopia flessibile e ad un anno con esame obiettivo o telefonata e successivamente con l\u2019esecuzione di esami strumentali di follow-up se presentavano sintomi. La casistica studiata consta di 646 pazienti, 581 dei quali sono stati dimessi lo stesso giorno dell\u2019operazione. Alla prima settimana dall\u2019intervento, 78 pazienti (12%) hanno riferito urgenza e occasionali perdite di gas e 18 pazienti (3%) hanno riportato perdite di materiale liquido. 68 pazienti (11%) hanno sviluppato una recidiva di grado 3 o 4 e 38 (6%) di questi pazienti sono stati trattati con emorroidectomia Milligan Morgan. 19 pazienti con sanguinamento sono stati trattati con legatura elastica. Quarantacinque pazienti (7%) hanno richiesto una terapia farmacologica per il trattamento del sanguinamento emorroidario. 42 pazienti hanno sviluppato una ragade anale e tre pazienti hanno avuto una stenosi anale. Conclusioni dello studio: la SH offre un elevato comfort del paziente e una breve degenza ospedaliera ed \u00e8 una buona alternativa chirurgica fornendo un basso tasso di recidiva nel lungo periodo. Questo studio monocentrico con un lungo periodo di follow-up fornisce un contributo alla letteratura.", "keywords": [ "stapler hemorrhoidopexy", "hemorrhoidal disease", "long term follow up", "stage 2", "stage 3", "33-mm circular PPH stapler", "physical examination", "flexible rectoscopy", "urgency", "gas leakage", "liquid leakage", "grade 3", "grade 4 recurrence", "Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy", "band ligation", "drug therapy", "anal fissure", "anal stenosis", "patient comfort", "short hospital stay", "low recurrence rate", "single center study" ], "keyword_chains": "'or' means 'Hexagonal-Hemorrhoiden-P\u00e4ne' means 'hemorroideopexia por grapadora' means 'h\u00e9morro\u00efde de l'appareil de greffage' means 'emorroidi da graffetta' means 'hemorr\u00f3ida' means '\u0433\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'other' means 'H\u00e4morrhoiden' means 'enfermedad hemorroidal' means 'maladie h\u00e9morro\u00efdienne' means 'malattia emorroidale' means 'Doen\u00e7a hemorr\u00f3ida' means '\u0433\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c'. 'long-term follow-up' means 'Langzeituntersuchung' means 'seguimiento a largo plazo' means 'suivi \u00e0 long terme' means 'follow-up a lungo termine' means 'acompanhamento a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'stage 2' means 'Stufe 2' means 'etapa 2' means '\u00e9tape 2' means 'fase 2' means 'Fase 2' means '2-\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f'. 'stage 3' means 'Stufe 3' means 'etapa 3' means '\u00e9tape 3' means 'fase 3' means 'Fase 3' means '\u0422\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f'. '33 mm circular PPH stapler' means '33 mm kreisf\u00f6rmiger PPH-Stapler' means 'Grapadora circular de 33 mm para el PPH' means '\u00c9tapleuse circulaire PPH de 33 mm' means 'Graffetta circolare PPH da 33 mm' means 'Acompanhador circular PPH de 33 mm' means '33-\u043c\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'physical examination' means 'k\u00f6rperliche Untersuchung' means 'examen f\u00edsico' means 'examen physique' means 'esame fisico' means 'exame f\u00edsico' means '\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'flexible rectoscopy' means 'flexible Rektoskopie' means 'Rectoscopia flexible' means 'r\u00e9ctoscopie flexible' means 'rettoscopia flessibile' means 'retosc\u00f3pia flex\u00edvel' means '\u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'urgency' means 'Dringlichkeit' means 'urgencia' means 'urgence' means 'urgenza' means 'urg\u00eancia' means '\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'gas leakage' means 'Gasleckage' means 'fugas de gas' means 'fuite de gaz' means 'perdita di gas' means 'vazamento de g\u00e1s' means '\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430'. 'leakage of liquid' means 'Fl\u00fcssigkeitsleckage' means 'fugas de l\u00edquido' means 'fuite de liquide' means 'perdita di liquido' means 'vazamento de l\u00edquido' means '\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'grade 3' means 'Klasse 3' means 'grado 3' means '3e classe' means 'grado 3' means 'grau 3' means '3 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441'. 'grade 4 recurrence' means 'Wiederholung der Stufe 4' means 'recidiva de grado 4' means 'r\u00e9currence de grade 4' means 'recidiva di grado 4' means 'recorr\u00eancia de grau 4' means '\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432 4 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438'. 'Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the hemorrhoids.' means 'Milligan Morgan H\u00e4morrhoidectomy (H\u00e4morrhoidectomie)' means 'La hemorroidectom\u00eda de Milligan Morgan tambi\u00e9n es conocida como hemorroidectom\u00eda de Milligan Morgan.' means 'H\u00e9morro\u00efdectomie par Milligan Morgan' means 'Emorroidectomia di Milligan Morgan' means 'Hemorroidectomia de Milligan Morgan' means '\u0413\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430'. 'band ligation' means 'Bandbindung' means 'ligadura de banda' means 'ligature de bande' means 'legatura a fascia' means 'liga\u00e7\u00e3o de banda' means '\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b'. 'drug therapy' means 'Medikamententherapie' means 'tratamiento farmacol\u00f3gico' means 'th\u00e9rapie m\u00e9dicamenteuse' means 'terapia farmacologica' means 'terapia farmacol\u00f3gica' means '\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'anal fissure' means 'Schmerz' means 'fisura anal' means 'fissure anale' means 'Fissura anale' means 'fissura anal' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'anal stenosis' means 'Analstenose' means 'Estenosis anal' means 'st\u00e9nose anale' means 'stenosi anale' means 'Estenose anal' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437'. 'the patient's comfort' means 'Patientenkomfort' means 'confort para el paciente' means 'confort du patient' means 'conforto del paziente' means 'conforto do paciente' means '\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430'. 'short hospital stay' means 'Kurzer Krankenhausaufenthalt' means 'estancia hospitalaria corta' means 'courte hospitalisation' means 'breve ricovero in ospedale' means 'curta estadia hospitalar' means '\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435'. 'low recurrence rate' means 'geringe Wiederholungsrate' means 'baja tasa de recurrencia' means 'faible taux de r\u00e9cidive' means 'basso tasso di recidiva' means 'baixa taxa de recorr\u00eancia' means '\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432'. 'single center study' means 'Einzelzentrum' means 'estudio de un solo centro' means '\u00e9tude de centre unique' means 'studio di un unico centro' means 'estudo de centro \u00fanico' means '\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "26", "en": "An oft-repeated and largely unexamined assumption in Jungian psychoanalysis is the notion of \"analyzability\", that is, of an individual's ability or present capacity to think symbolically. It is often taught that if someone is unable to think symbolically, a depth analysis is not possible. Such an individual may be more aptly suited for supportive psychotherapy, the argument goes, an experience that may very well lead to the development of the ego's capacity for symbolic thought but is not, in and of itself, a Jungian analysis. While this sort of categorical thinking has, at times, crossed over into ontological claims about individuals and groups, the notion of analyzability encountered in psychoanalytic theory and praxis is often cloaked in facially neutral language. The impact, however, has been anything but neutral in effect. In this paper, I propose a softening of our theoretical edges through a genealogy of the category of analyzability within the broader history of psychoanalysis. Through this excavation, I explore the contingent nature of the category of analyzability, how it has constricted knowledge, perpetuated inequality, and, more broadly, obscured ways of knowing. In so doing, I recover the radically democratic potential that lies at the heart of Jungian psychoanalysis.", "it": "La nostra casa junghiana \u00e8 ampia e i suoi confini teorici sono vitali, ma cosa accade quando questi confini si irrigidiscono e prendono le forme di confini inospitali, delineando zone di esclusione e zone di occlusione? Un principio spesso ripetuto ed ampiamente poco esaminato nella psicoanalisi junghiana \u00e8 quello di \u201canalizzabilit\u00e0\u201d, che si riferisce alla capacit\u00e0 di un soggetto di pensare simbolicamente. Spesso si ritiene che, se una persona non \u00e8 capace di pensare simbolicamente, allora una analisi profonda per lei non \u00e8 possibile. Si ritiene che per questa persona \u00e8 pi\u00f9 idonea una psicoterapia supportiva, una esperienza che certamente poggia anche sulla capactit\u00e0 dell'io di sviluppare un pensiero simbolico, ma che non \u00e8 propriamente una analisi junghiana. Mentre questo pensiero categorico \u00e8, talvolta, divenuto un assunto ontologico per individui e gruppi, la nozione di analizzabilit\u00e0 che incontriamo nella teoria e nella pratica psicoanalitica \u00e8 spesso camuffata in un linguaggio apparentemente neutrale. Il suo impatto, ovviamente, \u00e8 tutt'altro che neutrale. In questo articolo propongo un ammorbidimento dei nostri confini teorici attraverso una genealogia della categoria di analizzabilit\u00e0 all'interno dei pi\u00f9 ampi confini della storia della psicoanalisi. Attraverso questa ricerca, cercher\u00f2 di esplorare la natura della categoria della analizzabilit\u00e0, come \u00e8 stata ristretta dalla conoscenza, come abbia perpetuato delle disuguaglianze e, pi\u00f9 ampiamente, come abbia oscurato la conoscenza. Con questo, io credo che noi potremmo realizzare il potenziale profondamente democratico che \u00e8 al cuore dell'analisi junghiana.", "keywords": [ "analyzability", "symbolically", "depth analysis", "supportive psychotherapy", "ego's capacity", "categorical thinking", "ontological claims", "psychoanalytic theory", "facially neutral language", "contingent nature", "perpetuated inequality", "ways of knowing", "radically democratic potential", "Jungian psychoanalysis" ], "keyword_chains": "'analysability' means 'analysierbarkeit' means 'capacidad de an\u00e1lisis' means 'analyse' means 'analizzabilit\u00e0' means 'Analisabilidade' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'symbolically' means 'symbolisch' means 'simb\u00f3licamente' means 'symboliquement' means 'simbolicamente' means 'Simbolicamente' means '\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438'. 'depth analysis' means 'Tiefenanalyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis de profundidad' means 'analyse de profondeur' means 'analisi di profondit\u00e0' means 'An\u00e1lise de profundidade' means '\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'psychotherapy' means 'unterst\u00fctzende Psychotherapie' means 'psicoterapia de apoyo' means 'psychoth\u00e9rapie de soutien' means 'psicoterapia di supporto' means 'psicoterapia de apoio' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'the capacity of the ego' means 'die F\u00e4higkeit des Egos' means 'La capacidad del ego' means 'la capacit\u00e9 de l'ego' means 'la capacit\u00e0 dell'ego' means 'A capacidade do ego.' means '\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0433\u043e'. 'categorical thought' means 'kategorische Denkweise' means 'pensamiento categ\u00f3rico' means 'pens\u00e9e cat\u00e9gorique' means 'pensiero categorico' means 'pensamento categ\u00f3rico' means '\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'ontological claims' means 'ontologische Behauptungen' means 'alegaciones ontol\u00f3gicas' means 'all\u00e9gations ontologiques' means 'rivendicazioni ontologiche' means 'alega\u00e7\u00f5es ontol\u00f3gicas' means '\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'psychoanalytic theory' means 'psychoanalytische Theorie' means 'teor\u00eda psicoanal\u00edtica' means 'th\u00e9orie psychanalytique' means 'teoria psicoanalitica' means 'teoria psicanal\u00edtica' means '\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f'. 'facial neutral language' means 'Gesichtsneutrale Sprache' means 'lenguaje neutral desde el punto de vista facial' means 'langage neutre du visage' means 'lingua neutrale dal punto di vista facciale' means 'linguagem facialmente neutra' means '\u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a'. 'Contingent nature of the' means 'bedingte Natur' means 'naturaleza contingente' means 'nature \u00e9ventuelle' means 'natura contingente' means 'natureza contingente' means '\u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'perpetuated inequality' means 'fortgesetzte Ungleichheit' means 'perpetuada la desigualdad' means 'perp\u00e9tu\u00e9e par l'in\u00e9galit\u00e9' means 'disuguaglianza perpetrata' means 'perpetua\u00e7\u00e3o da desigualdade' means '\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e'. 'ways of knowing' means 'Wege des Wissens' means 'formas de conocer' means 'les fa\u00e7ons de savoir' means 'modi di conoscere' means 'formas de saber' means '\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'radically democratic potential' means 'radikale demokratische Potenziale' means 'potencial radicalmente democr\u00e1tico' means 'potentiel radicalement d\u00e9mocratique' means 'Potenziale radicalmente democratico' means 'potencial radicalmente democr\u00e1tico' means '\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b'. 'Jungian psychoanalysis and the psychology of the mind' means 'Jungianische Psychoanalyse' means 'El psicoan\u00e1lisis de Jung' means 'La psychanalyse junguienne' means 'Psicoanalisi junghiana' means 'Psicoan\u00e1lise Jungiana' means '\u042e\u043d\u0433\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'" }, { "id": "27", "en": "The aim of the study was to assess whether the reliability of Touch Imprinting Cytology (TIC) of Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in skin melanoma patients allows intraoperative decisions regarding simultaneous radical lymphadenectomy to be made. Previous experiences have shown that the limit of TIC in extemporaneous diagnosis was represented by the minimal deposits of the tumor. Many current data seem to show that in this situation radical lymphadenectomy is no longer necessary, so we wondered if TIC could regain importance in the intraoperative management of these patients. TIC results of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Biopsy (SLN) were compared with those of standard histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. A total number of 110 SLN were detected from 50 melanoma patients.TIC revealed the presence of metastases only in 1 out of 13 melanoma-positive SLN (sensitivity 7.6%). There were no false-positive results of TIC (specificity 100%). The negative predictive value was 75.5%, the positive one 100% with a total diagnostic accuracy of 76%. TIC for SLNs is a reliable method, relatively fast and not very expensive. Although with a very high specificity, its sensitivity was very low, and almost exclusively limited to macro-metastases (>2mm). Furthermore, it was not possible to identify a subgroup of patients, based on the characteristics of the primary tumor, in which the method could have been more useful. Finally, even in positive cases, the method rarely reduced the need of a tactic in two stages, principally for the management of the operating room. Melanoma, Sentinel lymph node (SLN), Touch Imprinting Cytology (TIC).", "it": "Lo scopo dello studio era di valutare se l\u2019affidabilit\u00e0 di Touch Imprinting Cytology (TIC) nella biopsia del linfonodo sentinella (SLNB) nei pazienti con melanoma cutaneo consente di prendere decisioni intraoperatorie riguardanti la linfoadenectomia radicale simultanea. Precedenti esperienze hanno mostrato che il limite del TIC nella diagnosi estemporanea era rappresentato dai depositi minimi del tumore. Molti dati attuali sembrano mostrare che in questa situazione non \u00e8 pi\u00f9 necessaria la linfoadenectomia radicale, quindi ci siamo chiesti se il TIC potesse riacquistare importanza nella gestione intraoperatoria di questi pazienti. I risultati TIC della biopsia del linfonodo sentinella (SLN) sono stati confrontati con quelli degli esami istopatologici e immunoistochimici standard: su 50 pazienti con melanoma sono stati prelevati un totale di 110 SLN, e su questi \u00e8 stato individuata la presenza di metastasi solo in 1 su 13 SLN melanoma-positivi (sensibilit\u00e0 7,6%), senza falsi positivi di TIC (specificit\u00e0 100%). Il valore predittivo negativo era del 75,5%, quello positivo del 100% con una precisione diagnostica totale del 76%. In conclusione la TIC per SLN \u00e8 un metodo affidabile, relativamente veloce e non molto costoso. Sebbene con una specificit\u00e0 molto elevata, la sua sensibilit\u00e0 risulta molto bassa e quasi esclusivamente limitata alle macrometastasi (> 2mm). Inoltre, non \u00e8 stato possibile identificare un sottogruppo di pazienti, in base alle caratteristiche del tumore primario, in cui il metodo avrebbe potuto essere pi\u00f9 utile. Infine, anche in casi positivi, il metodo raramente ha ridotto la necessit\u00e0 di una tattica in due fasi, principalmente per la gestione della sala operatoria. Queste considerazioni ci hanno spinto a sospendere l\u2019analisi TIC intraoperatoria a favore di una pi\u00f9 accurata ecografica dei linfonodi superficiali ad opera di personale dedicato, da eseguirsi prima di ogni ricerca del linfonodo sentinella.", "keywords": [ "Touch Imprinting Cytology", "TIC", "Sentinel lymph node biopsy", "SLNB", "skin melanoma", "intraoperative decisions", "radical lymphadenectomy", "extemporaneous diagnosis", "metastases", "sensitivity", "specificity", "negative predictive value", "positive predictive value", "diagnostic accuracy", "macro-metastases", "primary tumor", "operating room management" ], "keyword_chains": "'The following table shows the number of samples of the test chemical:' means 'Ber\u00fchrungs- und Zytologie' means 'Impresi\u00f3n t\u00e1ctil citolog\u00eda' means 'Cytologie par impression tactile' means 'Cytologia di impronta tattile' means 'Impress\u00e3o por toque' means '\u041d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438'. 'TICs' means 'TIC' means 'Las TIC' means 'Les TIC' means 'TIC' means 'TIC' means '\u0418\u041a\u0422'. 'The following table shows the number of patients with the disease:' means 'Biopsie der Sentinell-Lymphknoten' means 'Biopsia de los ganglios linf\u00e1ticos centinela' means 'Biopsie des ganglions lymphatiques sentinelles' means 'Biopsia dei linfonodi sentinella' means 'Bi\u00f3psia de linfonodos sentinela' means '\u0411\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432'. 'Other' means 'SLNB' means 'Servicio de seguridad' means 'Le SLNB' means 'SNB' means 'SLNB' means 'SLNB'. 'other' means 'Melanome der Haut' means 'melanoma de la piel' means 'm\u00e9lanome de la peau' means 'melanoma della pelle' means 'melanoma da pele' means '\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0438'. 'intraoperative decisions' means 'intraoperative Entscheidungen' means 'decisiones intraoperatorias' means 'd\u00e9cisions intra-op\u00e9ratoires' means 'decisioni intraoperatorie' means 'decis\u00f5es intraoperat\u00f3rias' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'radical lymphadenectomy' means 'radikale Lymphadektomie' means 'linfadenectom\u00eda radical' means 'lymphad\u00e9n\u00e9ctomie radicale' means 'linfadenotomia radicale' means 'linfadenctomia radical' means '\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'extemporaneous diagnosis' means 'Fr\u00fchzeitige Diagnose' means 'diagn\u00f3stico extemporaneo' means 'diagnostic extemporain' means 'diagnosi estemporanea' means 'diagn\u00f3stico extemporaneo' means '\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'other' means 'Metastasen' means 'Met\u00e1stasis en el cuerpo' means 'm\u00e9tastases' means 'metastasi' means 'Met\u00e1stases' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'sensitivity' means 'Empfindlichkeit' means 'sensibilidad' means 'sensibilit\u00e9' means 'sensibilit\u00e0' means 'sensibilidade' means '\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'specificity' means 'Spezifit\u00e4t' means 'Especificidad' means 'sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9' means 'specificit\u00e0' means 'Especificidade' means '\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'negative predictive value' means 'negativer Vorhersagewert' means 'Valor predictivo negativo' means 'valeur pr\u00e9dictive n\u00e9gative' means 'valore predittivo negativo' means 'Valor preditivo negativo' means '\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'positive predictive value' means 'positiver Vorhersagewert' means 'valor predictivo positivo' means 'valeur pr\u00e9dictive positive' means 'valore predittivo positivo' means 'Valor preditivo positivo' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'accuracy of diagnosis' means 'Diagnostische Genauigkeit' means 'precisi\u00f3n del diagn\u00f3stico' means 'pr\u00e9cision du diagnostic' means 'accuratezza diagnostica' means 'precis\u00e3o do diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'other' means 'Makrometastasen' means 'Las siguientes son las indicaciones de la enfermedad:' means 'les macrom\u00e9tastases' means 'macro-metastasi' means 'Met\u00e1stases macro' means '\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'primary tumour' means 'prim\u00e4rer Tumor' means 'tumor primario' means 'tumeur primaire' means 'tumore primario' means 'tumor prim\u00e1rio' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'operating room management' means 'Betriebsraumverwaltung' means 'gesti\u00f3n de la sala de operaciones' means 'gestion de la salle d'op\u00e9ration' means 'gestione della sala operatoria' means 'Gest\u00e3o da sala de cirurgia' means '\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439'" }, { "id": "28", "en": "What is, or should be, the role of solidarity within the (transnationally adoptive) family? In Spain,", "it": "Qual \u00e8 o quale dovrebbe essere il ruolo della solidariet\u00e0 all\u2019interno della famiglia (adottiva transnazionale)? In Spagna, \u201csolidaridad\u201d \u00e8 un prezioso concetto familiare, politico e umanitario, ma viene scoraggiata come motivazione per l\u2019adozione transnazionale. Questo articolo offre una genealogia sul concetto di \u201csolidaridad\u201d, la sua forte presenza nel linguaggio sulla parentela in Spagna e un\u2019analisi critica di \u201ccase studies\u201d tratti dalle nostre ricerche. Cos\u00ec riscontriamo che parentela e umanitarismo sono considerati molto diversi per la loro temporalit\u00e0 e implicazioni\u2014oltre che per la durata e la specificit\u00e0 dei loro obblighi. La nostra convinzione \u00e8 che le diverse definizioni di \u201csolidaridad\u201d per quanto riguarda la famiglia adottiva transnazionale offrono un significato pi\u00f9 ampio alla parentela, sia adottiva che non, e agli obblighi sociopolitici assunti contro l\u2019ineguaglianza. Allo stesso modo, l\u2019esclusione della \u201csolidaridad\u201d dall\u2019adozione transnazionale rivela come parentela e umanitarismo richiedano un lavoro di identificazione, armonizzazione e risoluzione delle differenze sociali. [", "keywords": [ "solidarity", "transnationally adoptive", "family", "role", "Spain" ], "keyword_chains": "'the solidarity' means 'Solidarit\u00e4t' means 'solidaridad' means 'le soutien' means 'solidariet\u00e0' means 'solidariedade' means '\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'transnational adoptive' means 'transnational adoptierte' means 'Adopci\u00f3n transnacional' means 'adoptive transnationale' means 'transnazionale' means 'transnacional' means '\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'family' means 'Familie' means 'familia' means 'famille' means 'famiglia' means 'fam\u00edlia' means '\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044f'. 'role' means 'Rolle' means 'El papel' means 'r\u00f4le' means 'ruolo' means 'fun\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'Spain' means 'Spanien' means 'Espa\u00f1a' means 'Espagne' means 'Spagna' means 'Espanha' means '\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "29", "en": "ALB is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of echinococcosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ALB using the intraoperative and perioperative periods as dual therapy. Material of this retrospective study were the consecutive series of 98 patients operated for hepatic hydatidosis (HC) over a period of 7 years, at a single centre. Clinical examination, ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) were used for establishing diagnosis. Ninety-eight cases of hepatic hydatidosis were treated by albendazole intraoperatively and postoperatively together with surgery. Perioperative ALB treatment was given in a dose of 12-15 mg/ kg per day in four divided doses. The treatment started 2-28 days before the surgery when the diagnosis was established and continued for 2-24 months postoperatively in a cyclic monthly form. A total of 1.7 mg/mL ALB solution was used intraoperatively. Dual albendazole treatment (DALB) includes preoperative and postoperative oral ALB treatment and intraoperative irrigation of cystic cavity with ALB. In the follow-up period one patient died and there was one recurrence of hepatic hydatidosis.Morbidity rates were 10.89% . Results of this study suggest that ALB treatment with HC surgery is effective in the prevention of recurrences and/or secondary hydatidosis. Albendazole, Recurrens Liver hydatic cyst, Surgical treatment.", "it": "L\u2019albendazolo \u00e8 il farmaco pi\u00f9 usato per il trattamento dell\u2019echiniococcosi. Lo scopo di questo studio retrospettivo \u00e8 stato quello di valutare l\u2019effetto dell\u2019ALB nel trattamento duplice intraoperatorio e postoperatorio su una casistica di 98 pazienti operati consecutivamente per echinococcosi epatica nell\u2019arco di 7 anni in un centro unico. Lo studio preoperatorio si \u00e8 avvalso dell\u2019esame clinico, dell\u2019ecografia e della TC, ed i 98 pazienti sono stati trattati con albendazolo sia intraoperatoriamente che nel postoperatorio dell\u2019intervento chirurgico di varia natura: 92 pazienti (93,8%) con drenaggio, capitonnage e omentoplastica con o senza parziale cistectomia. In 6 pazienti (6.12%) \u00e8 stata diagnosticata una comunicazione cistobiliare e sono stati trattati con legatura intracistica della comunicazione; due pazienti presentavano un normale calibro del coledoco contenente cisti figlie, e pertanto trattati con drenaggio secondo Kehr. Due pazienti con coledoco dilatato e pieno di cisti figlie sono stati trattati con coledocoduodenostomia. Nel periodo postoperatorio l\u2019ALB \u00e8 statro somministrato nella dose di 12-15 mg/kg giornaliera suddivisa in quattro dosi. l trattamento \u00e8 stato iniziato da 2 a 28 giorni prima dell\u2019intervento una volta stabilita la diagnosi e continuata da due a 28 mesi nel postoperatorio con ritmo ciclico mensile. ntraoperatoriamente \u00e8 stata usata una soluzione con un totale di 1,7 mg/ml di ALB. Il trattamento duiplice con albendazolo (DALB) \u00e8 consisitito con il dosaggio orale pre e postoperatorio e l\u2019irrigazione intraoperatoria con ALB della cavit\u00e0 cistica. Nel postoperatorio un paziente \u00e8 deceduto e c'\u00e8 stato un caso di recidiva. La norbilit\u00e0 generale \u00e8 stata del 10,89%. Questi risultati indicano che il trattamento DALB insieme alla chirurgia dell\u2019idatidosi epatica \u00e8 efficace nella prevenzione delle recidive e dell\u2019idatidosi secondaria.", "keywords": [ "ALB", "echinococcosis", "intraoperative", "perioperative", "dual therapy", "retrospective study", "hepatic hydatidosis", "clinical examination", "ultrasonography", "computed tomography", "albendazole", "perioperative ALB treatment", "cyclic monthly form", "dual albendazole treatment", "intraoperative irrigation", "recurrence", "morbidity rates", "secondary hydatidosis" ], "keyword_chains": "'Other' means 'ALB' means 'El Estado' means 'Autres' means 'Albero' means 'ALB' means '\u0410\u041b\u0411'. 'other' means 'Echinokokken' means 'Equin\u00f3cocosis' means '\u00e9chinococose' means 'ecinococche' means 'equinococosis' means '\u044d\u0445\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e\u0437'. 'intraoperative' means 'Intraoperative' means 'en el transcurso de la operaci\u00f3n' means '\u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur de l'op\u00e9ration' means 'intraoperatorie' means 'Intraoperat\u00f3rio' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'Perioperative' means 'Perioperative' means 'perioperativo' means 'p\u00e9riop\u00e9ratoire' means 'perioperativo' means 'perioperat\u00f3rios' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'dual therapy' means 'Doppeltherapie' means 'tratamiento dual' means 'th\u00e9rapie \u00e0 double effet' means 'terapia con doppio trattamento' means 'Terapia com dupla dose' means '\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'retrospective study of the' means 'R\u00fcckblickende Untersuchung' means 'estudio retrospectivo' means '\u00e9tude r\u00e9trospective' means 'studio retrospettivo' means 'estudo retrospectivo' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'hepatic hydatidosis' means 'Leberhydatidose' means 'hidatidosis hep\u00e1tica' means 'hydatidose h\u00e9patique' means 'idatidosi epatica' means 'hidatidose hep\u00e1tica' means '\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438'. 'clinical examination' means 'klinische Untersuchung' means 'examen cl\u00ednico' means 'examen clinique' means 'esame clinico' means 'exame cl\u00ednico' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'ultrasonography' means 'Ultraschalluntersuchung' means 'ecograf\u00eda' means '\u00e9chographie' means 'ecografia' means 'Ultrassom' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f'. 'computed tomography' means 'Computertomographie' means 'tomograf\u00eda computarizada' means 'tomodensitom\u00e9trie' means 'tomografia computerizzata' means 'tomografia computadorizada' means '\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f'. 'other' means 'Zitroxybenzoat' means 'albendazol' means 'le m\u00e9duse' means 'albendazolo' means 'albendazol' means '\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043b'. 'Perioperative ALB treatment' means 'perioperative Behandlung mit ALB' means 'tratamiento perioperatorio de la ALB' means 'traitement p\u00e9riop\u00e9ratoire de la BAL' means 'trattamento perioperatorio ALB' means 'tratamento perioperat\u00f3rio com ALB' means '\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 ALB'. 'cyclic monthly form' means 'zyklische monatliche Form' means 'Forma mensual c\u00edclica' means 'forme mensuelle cyclique' means 'forma mensile ciclica' means 'Forma mensal c\u00edclica' means '\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430'. 'treatment with albendazole' means 'Behandlung mit Doppel-Albendazol' means 'tratamiento con albendazol' means 'traitement par albendazole' means 'trattamento con albendazolo' means 'tratamento com albendazol' means '\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c'. 'intraoperative irrigation' means 'Bew\u00e4sserung w\u00e4hrend der Operation' means 'riego durante el procedimiento' means 'irrigation intra-op\u00e9ratoire' means 'irrigazione intraoperatoria' means 'irriga\u00e7\u00e3o intraoperat\u00f3ria' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'recurrence' means 'Wiederholung' means 'reincidencia' means 'r\u00e9currence' means 'ricorrenza' means 'recorr\u00eancia' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'morbidity rates' means 'Morbidit\u00e4tsraten' means 'tasas de morbilidad' means 'taux de morbidit\u00e9' means 'tassi di morbilit\u00e0' means 'taxas de morbidade' means '\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'secondary hydatidosis' means 'sekund\u00e4re Hydatidose' means 'hidatidosis secundaria' means 'hydatidose secondaire' means 'idatidosi secondaria' means 'hidatidose secund\u00e1ria' means '\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0437'" }, { "id": "30", "en": "Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This study aimed to evaluate the expression profiles of MMP-9 and the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in nasal polyps compared to healthy mucosa. Tissue samples from 37 CRSwNP patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery and mucosal specimens from 12 healthy controls were obtained intra-operatively. MMP-9 and EMMPRIN mRNA levels were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and their protein expression by Western blot analysis. MMP-9 mRNA expression levels were significantly elevated in CRSwNP compared to controls (p < 0.05). MMP-9 protein levels presented an increasing trend but with no statistical significance (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference in EMMPRIN mRNA and protein levels was identified. Upregulation of MMP-9 in nasal polyps is evident and highlights its role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. The lack of concordance between MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels may be attributed to post-translational gene expression regulation. Although EMMPRIN expression was not significantly different between the two groups, its role remains to be elucidated. MMP-9 may be a valuable biomarker and treatment target in CRSwNP.", "it": "Profili dell\u2019espressione di MMP-9 e EMMPRIN nella rinosinusite cronica con poliposi nasali. Le metalloproteinasi (MMPs) sono coinvolte nel rimodellamento tissutale proprio della rinosinusite cronica con poliposi (CRSwNP). Questo studio si prefigge lo scopo di confrontare l\u2019espressione di MMP-9 e dell\u2019induttore di metalloproteinasi della matrice extracellulare (EMMPRIN) nei polipi nasali e nella mucosa sana. I campioni di tessuto sono stati ottenuti da 37 pazienti con CRSwNP sottoposti a chirurgia endoscopica funzionale dei seni paranasali e da 12 controlli sani. I livelli di mRNA di MMP-9 e EMMPRIN sono stati quantificati tramite reazione a catena della polimerasi inversa e la loro espressione proteica \u00e8 stata analizzata tramite analisi di Western Blot. I livelli di espressione di mRNA MMP-9 erano significativamente elevati nei polipi nasali rispetto ai controlli (p < 0,05). La proteina MMP-9 era tendenzialmente pi\u00f9 elevata nei polipi ma senza una differenza significativa (p > 0,05). Non \u00e8 stata riscontrata alcuna differenza statisticamente significativa nell\u2019espressione di mRNA e proteica di EMMPRIN. L\u2019incremento di MMP-9 nei polipi nasali dimostra il suo ruolo nella patogenesi di CRSwNP. La discordanza tra l\u2019espressione di mRNA e proteica di MMP-9 potrebbe essere attribuita ad aspetti di regolazione post-trascrizionali. Sebbene nessuna differenza di espressione di EMMPRIN sia stata dimostrata nei due gruppi, il ruolo di questa proteina deve essere ancora chiarito. MMP-9 potrebbe rappresentare un valido biomarker e target di trattamento in CRSwNP.", "keywords": [ "Metalloproteinases", "MMPs", "chronic rhinosinusitis", "nasal polyps", "CRSwNP", "expression profiles", "extracellular matrix", "metalloproteinase inducer", "EMMPRIN", "mRNA levels", "reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction", "Western blot analysis", "statistical significance", "upregulation", "pathogenesis", "concordance", "post-translational", "gene expression regulation", "biomarker", "treatment target" ], "keyword_chains": "'Metalloproteinases and their derivatives' means 'Metalloproteinasen' means 'Las metaloproteinasas' means 'Les m\u00e9taprot\u00e9inases' means 'Metalloproteinassi' means 'Metalloproteinases' means '\u041c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'MMPs' means 'MMPs' means 'Las PMP' means 'Les PMP' means 'PMP' means 'PMPs' means '\u041c\u041f\u041f'. 'chronic rhinosinusitis' means 'chronische Rhinosinusitis' means 'Sinusitis cr\u00f3nica de la nariz y el pecho' means 'infection chronique du nez et des oreilles' means 'rinosinusite cronica' means 'infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria cr\u00f3nica' means '\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0442'. 'nasal polyps' means 'Nasenpolypen' means 'polipos nasales' means 'polypes nasaux' means 'polipi nasali' means 'p\u00f3lipos nasais' means '\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u044b'. 'CRSwNP' means 'CRSwNP' means 'CRS y PNV' means 'Le CRSwNP' means 'CRSwNP' means 'CRSwNP' means 'CRSwNP'. 'Other, of a kind used in motor vehicles' means 'Ausdrucksprofile' means 'Perfiles de expresi\u00f3n' means 'profil\u00e9s d'expression' means 'Profili di espressione' means 'Perfis de express\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'extracellular matrix' means 'extrazellul\u00e4re Matrix' means 'Matriz extracelular' means 'Matrice extracellulaire' means 'Matrice extracellulare' means 'Matriz extracelular' means '\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430'. 'a metallo-proteinase inducer' means 'Metallproteinaseinduktor' means 'inductor de la metaloproteinasa' means 'inducteur de la m\u00e9talloprot\u00e9inase' means 'Induttore della metalloproteinasi' means 'Indutor de metaloproteinase' means '\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'EMMPRIN is' means 'EMMPRIN' means 'Empr\u00edn' means 'Le traitement est effectu\u00e9 par voie orale.' means 'EMMPRIN' means 'EMMPRIN' means 'EMMPRIN'. 'mRNA levels' means 'mRNA-Werte' means 'niveles de ARNm' means 'taux d'ARNm' means 'livelli di mRNA' means 'n\u00edveis de ARNm' means '\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0420\u041d\u041a'. 'reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction' means 'Reverse Transkription-Polymerase-Kettenreaktion' means 'reacci\u00f3n en cadena de la transcripci\u00f3n inversa-polimerasa' means 'r\u00e9action en cha\u00eene de transcription inverse-polym\u00e9rase' means 'reazione a catena della trascrizione inversa-polimerasi' means 'Reac\u00e7\u00e3o em cadeia reversa transcri\u00e7\u00e3o-polimerase' means '\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'Western blot analysis is performed' means 'Western-Blot-Analyse' means 'An\u00e1lisis de la mancha occidental' means 'Analyse du Western blot' means 'Analisi del Western blot' means 'An\u00e1lise da Western blot' means '\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0430'. 'statistical significance' means 'statistische Signifikanz' means 'Significancia estad\u00edstica' means 'signification statistique' means 'significativit\u00e0 statistica' means 'signific\u00e2ncia estat\u00edstica' means '\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'upregulation' means 'Aufregulierung' means 'regulaci\u00f3n de las' means 'r\u00e9gulation \u00e0 la hausse' means 'aggiornamento' means 'Aumento da regula\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'the pathogenesis' means 'Krankheitsentstehung' means 'patog\u00e9nesis' means 'pathog\u00e9n\u00e8se' means 'patogenesi' means 'patog\u00e9nese' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0437'. 'agreement' means 'Konkordanz' means 'concordancia' means 'accordance' means 'concordanza' means 'concord\u00e2ncia' means '\u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'post-translational' means 'Nach der \u00dcbersetzung' means 'despu\u00e9s de la traducci\u00f3n' means 'post-traductionnelle' means 'post-traduzione' means 'p\u00f3s-tradu\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'regulation of gene expression' means 'Regulierung der Genexpression' means 'regulaci\u00f3n de la expresi\u00f3n g\u00e9nica' means 'r\u00e9gulation de l'expression des g\u00e8nes' means 'regolazione dell'espressione genica' means 'regula\u00e7\u00e3o da express\u00e3o g\u00eanica' means '\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432'. 'the biomarker' means 'Biomarker' means 'biomarcador' means 'biomarqueur' means 'biomarcatore' means 'biomarcador' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440'. 'treatment target' means 'Behandlungsziel' means 'objetivo del tratamiento' means 'cible du traitement' means 'obiettivo del trattamento' means 'alvo do tratamento' means '\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "31", "en": "The prognostic value of sentinel lymph node (SLN) micrometastases in invasive breast cancer patients is still widely debated. Even if, in the absence of unequivocal guidelines, the axillary lynphadenectomy is not still performed in the routine clinical care of these patients. We have retrospectively analyzed 897 patients with operable invasive breast cancer and clinically negative axillary lymph nodes underwent conservative surgery or total mastectomy with SLN biopsy. Two groups of patients with SLN micrometastases and isolated tumor cells (ITC) were considered, the first one treated with completion axillary dissection, the second one not followed by further surgical axillary procedure. The incidence of axillary recurrences has BEEN evaluated in both groups and only in the first group of patients the involvement of the remaining lymph nodes was analyzed. Micrometastases were found in 67 (7.4%) patients and ITC in 8 (0,9%) patients. 14 (20.9%) patients with micrometastases and 1 (12.5%) patient with ITC underwent completion axillary dissection. 53 (79.1%) patients with micrometastases and 7 (87.5%) with ITC didn't receive further surgical axillary procedure. No axillary recurrences were found during a median follow up of 65.7\u00b18.69 months in both groups of patients. Based on the results and according to some recent randomized trials we can say that completion axillary dissection can be safely avoided when micrometastases are found in sentinel lymph nodes. It should be performed anyway, depending on the analysis of the biomedical profile of the tumor. Breast Carcinoma, Micrometastases Axillary Lymphonode Dissection, Sentinel Lymphonode.", "it": "Il significato prognostico delle micrometastasi nel linfonodo sentinella nelle pazienti affette da carcinoma della mammella \u00e8 ancora ampiamente dibattuto. Anche se, in assenza di univoche linee guida, nella pratica clinica la linfadenectomia ascellare in queste pazienti non viene pi\u00f9 eseguita di routine. Abbiamo condotto uno studio retrospettivo su 897 pazienti affette da carcinoma invasivo della mammella con linfonodi ascellari negativi, sottoposte a chirurgia conservativa o a mastectomia totale con biopsia del linfonodo sentinella. Le pazienti in cui \u00e8 stata diagnostica la presenza di micrometastasi del linfonodo sentinella sono state considerate in due diversi gruppi. In un primo gruppo, trattato con linfadenectomia ascellare totale \u00e8 stata valutata l\u2019incidenza di metastasi a carico dei rimanenti linfonodi ascellari. Un secondo gruppo non ha ricevuto alcun trattamento aggiuntivo dell\u2019ascella e le pazienti sono state seguite con controlli periodici clinico strumentali. In entrambi i gruppi \u00e8 stata valutata l\u2019incidenza di eventuali recidive ascellari. All\u2019esame istologico estemporaneo ed al successivo esame istologico definitivo del linfonodo sentinella, in 51 pazienti (6,83%) sono state evidenziate micrometastasi, in 8 pazienti (1,07%) erano presenti cellule tumorali isolate. Quindici di queste pazienti sono state sottoposte a linfadenectomia ascellare totale. Solo in 2 casi (13,33%) sono state ritrovate metastasi a carico dei rimanenti linfonodi ascellari. Quarantaquattro pazienti non hanno ricevuto alcun trattamento aggiuntivo dell\u2019ascella. In queste pazienti nessuna recidiva ascellare \u00e8 stata registrata durante un follow-up medio di 125,7\u00b19,65 mesi (range 42- 102 mesi). Sulla base dei risultati ottenuti in questo studio ed in linea con alcuni recenti trials randomizzati si ci sentiamo di concludere che la linfadenectomia ascellare pu\u00f2 essere evitata nei casi con micrometastasi nel linfonodo sentinella. Una sua eventuale indicazione pu\u00f2 essere valutata caso per caso considerando come fattori di rischio per la recidiva ascellare alcune caratteristiche biomorfologiche del tumore primitivo.", "keywords": [ "prognostic value", "sentinel lymph node", "micrometastases", "invasive breast cancer", "axillary lymphadenectomy", "clinically negative", "conservative surgery", "total mastectomy", "isolated tumor cells", "completion axillary dissection", "axillary recurrences", "remaining lymph nodes", "biomedical profile", "Breast Carcinoma", "Axillary Lymphonode Dissection", "Sentinel Lymphonode" ], "keyword_chains": "'prognostic value' means 'Prognosekur' means 'Valor pron\u00f3stico' means 'valeur de pronostic' means 'valore prognostico' means 'Valor progn\u00f3stico' means '\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'sentinel lymph node' means 'Lymphknoten der Sentinel-Gruppe' means 'n\u00f3dulo linf\u00e1tico centinela' means 'ganglion lymphatique sentinelle' means 'linfonodo sentinella' means 'n\u00f3dulo linf\u00e1tico sentinela' means '\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043b\u043b-\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b'. 'other' means 'Mikrometastasen' means 'Las micromet\u00e1stasis' means 'microm\u00e9tastases' means 'micrometastasi' means 'micromet\u00e1stases' means '\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b'. 'invasive breast cancer' means 'Invasiver Brustkrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer de mama invasivo' means 'cancer du sein invasif' means 'tumore al seno invasivo' means 'C\u00e2ncer de mama invasivo' means '\u0438\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'axillary lymphadenectomy' means 'Lymphadenektomie der Achselh\u00f6hle' means 'En el caso de los pacientes con enfermedad de la pr\u00f3stata, se recomienda que se utilice el m\u00e9todo de la siguiente manera:' means 'lymphad\u00e9n\u00e9ctomie axillaire' means 'linfadenotomia ascellare' means 'linfadenctomia axilar' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'clinically negative' means 'klinisch negativ' means 'cl\u00ednicamente negativo' means 'cliniquement n\u00e9gatif' means 'clinicamente negativo' means 'clinicamente negativo' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'conservative surgery' means 'konservativer Eingriff' means 'cirug\u00eda conservadora' means 'chirurgie conservatrice' means 'chirurgia conservativa' means 'cirurgia conservadora' means '\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'total mastectomy' means 'vollst\u00e4ndige Mastektomie' means 'mastectom\u00eda total' means 'mastectomie totale' means 'mastectomia totale' means 'mastectomia total' means '\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'isolated tumor cells' means 'isolierte Tumorzellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas tumorales aisladas' means 'cellules tumorales isol\u00e9es' means 'cellule tumorali isolate' means 'c\u00e9lulas tumorais isoladas' means '\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'complete axillary dissection' means 'Abschluss der Achselentz\u00fcndung' means 'disecci\u00f3n axilar completa' means 'diss\u00e9cation axillaire compl\u00e8te' means 'dissezione ascellare completa' means 'Completar dissec\u00e7\u00e3o axilar' means '\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'axillary recurrences' means 'R\u00fcckfall der Achselh\u00f6hle' means 'recidivas de las axilas' means 'r\u00e9currences axillaires' means 'recidive ascellari' means 'recorr\u00eancias axilares' means '\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u0430'. 'remaining lymph nodes' means 'verbleibende Lymphknoten' means 'ganglios linf\u00e1ticos restantes' means 'les ganglions lymphatiques restants' means 'linfonodi rimanenti' means 'n\u00f3dulos linf\u00e1ticos remanescentes' means '\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b'. 'biomedical profile' means 'Biomedizinisches Profil' means 'perfil biom\u00e9dico' means 'profil biom\u00e9dical' means 'profilo biomedicale' means 'perfil biom\u00e9dico' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c'. 'Breast cancer' means 'Brustkrebs' means 'Carcinoma de mama y c\u00e1ncer de mama' means 'Carcinome du sein' means 'Carcinoma del seno' means 'Carcinoma da mama' means '\u0420\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'Axillary lymph node dissection' means 'Axillare Lymphknoten-Dissektion' means 'Disyecci\u00f3n de linfonodos axilares' means 'Diss\u00e9cation des lymphodes axillaires' means 'Dissezione dei linfonodi ascellari' means 'Dissec\u00e7\u00e3o de linfonodos axilares' means '\u0414\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432'. 'Sentinel lymph node' means 'Lymphknoten der Sentinel-Gruppe' means 'El linfonodo centinela' means 'Nom de l'organisme' means 'Linfonodi sentinella' means 'Linfonodo Sentinela' means '\u041b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u044b-\u0421\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438'" }, { "id": "32", "en": "Implantable hearing devices represent a modern and innovative solution for hearing restoration. Over the years, these high-tech devices have increasingly evolved but their use in clinical practice is not universally agreed in the scientific literature. Congresses, meetings, conferences, and consensus statements to achieve international agreement have been made. This work follows this line and aims to answer unsolved questions regarding examinations, selection criteria and surgery for implantable hearing devices. A Consensus Working Group was established by the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology. A method group performed a systematic review for each single question to identify the current best evidence on the topic and to guide a multidisciplinary panel in developing the statements. Twenty-nine consensus statements were approved by the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology. These were associated with 4 key area subtopics regarding pre-operative tests, otological, audiological and surgical indications. This consensus can be considered a further step forward to establish realistic guidelines on the debated topic of implantable hearing devices.", "it": "Protesi acustiche impiantabili nella pratica clinica. Revisione sistematica della letteratura e dichiarazioni di consenso. Le protesi acustiche impiantabili rappresentano una soluzione moderna e innovativa per la riabilitazione uditiva. Nel corso degli anni, lo sviluppo tecnologico di questi dispositivi \u00e8 stato di particolare rilievo, eppure il loro impiego nella pratica clinica non \u00e8 uniformemente riportato in letteratura scientifica. L\u2019argomento \u00e8 stato discusso nel corso di congressi, incontri, dichiarazioni di consenso al fine di poter raggiungere un accordo internazionale sul loro utilizzo. Su questa scia, il presente lavoro ha lo scopo di rispondere alle domande irrisolte che riguardano esami preoperatori, indicazioni cliniche e chirurgiche riguardanti le protesi impiantabili. Il lavoro \u00e8 stato condotto da un gruppo di lavoro nominato dalla Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Otorinolaringoiatria e Chirurgia Cervico Facciale. Un gruppo di ricerca ha effettuato una revisione sistematica della letteratura per identificare le migliori evidenze riguardanti l\u2019argomento e per poter guidare un pannello di esperti nello sviluppo delle indicazioni. Ventinove dichiarazioni di consenso sono state approvate e raggruppate in 4 categorie principali: esami pre-operatori, indicazioni otologiche, audiologiche e chirurgiche. Il presente lavoro rappresenta un ulteriore e necessario passo avanti nello stabilire linee guida realistiche sul dibattuto tema delle protesi acustiche impiantabili.", "keywords": [ "implantable hearing devices", "hearing restoration", "clinical practice", "scientific literature", "international agreement", "Consensus Working Group", "Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology", "systematic review", "multidisciplinary panel", "consensus statements", "pre-operative tests", "otological", "audiological", "surgical indications", "realistic guidelines", "debated topic" ], "keyword_chains": "'Implantable hearing aids' means 'Implantierbare H\u00f6rger\u00e4te' means 'Aparatos auditivos implantables' means 'appareils auditifs implantables' means 'apparecchi acustici impiantabili' means 'Aparelhos auditivos implant\u00e1veis' means '\u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'hearing restoration' means 'Wiederherstellung des Geh\u00f6rs' means 'restauraci\u00f3n de la audici\u00f3n' means 'r\u00e9tablissement de l'audition' means 'riabilitazione dell'udito' means 'Restaura\u00e7\u00e3o da audi\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'clinical practice' means 'klinische Praxis' means 'pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica' means 'pratique clinique' means 'pratica clinica' means 'pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'scientific literature' means 'wissenschaftliche Literatur' means 'literatura cient\u00edfica y' means 'litt\u00e9rature scientifique' means 'letteratura scientifica' means 'literatura cient\u00edfica' means '\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430'. 'international agreement' means 'internationale Vereinbarung' means 'acuerdo internacional' means 'accord international' means 'Accordo internazionale' means 'acordo internacional' means '\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Working group on consensus' means 'Arbeitsgruppe f\u00fcr Konsens' means 'Grupo de trabajo sobre consenso' means 'Groupe de travail sur le consensus' means 'Gruppo di lavoro per il consenso' means 'Grupo de Trabalho Consenso' means '\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0443\u0441\u0443'. 'Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Throat and Nose Surgery' means 'Italienische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Otorhinolaryngologie' means 'Sociedad Italiana de Otorrinolaringolog\u00eda' means 'Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 italienne d'ortho-laryngologie' means 'Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Otorinolaringoiatria' means 'Sociedade Italiana de Otorrinolaringologia' means '\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438'. 'systematic review of the' means 'systematische \u00dcberpr\u00fcfung' means 'revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u00e9valuation syst\u00e9matique' means 'revisione sistematica' means 'Revis\u00e3o sistem\u00e1tica' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440'. 'multidisciplinary panel' means 'multidisziplin\u00e4res Gremium' means 'Grupo de trabajo multidisciplinario' means 'groupe multidisciplinaire' means 'panel multidisciplinare' means 'painel multidisciplinar' means '\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430'. 'the consensus statements' means 'Konsenserkl\u00e4rungen' means 'Declaraciones de consenso' means 'd\u00e9claration de consensus' means 'dichiarazioni di consenso' means 'Declara\u00e7\u00f5es de consenso' means '\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0443\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'preoperative tests' means 'Voroperative Untersuchungen' means 'pruebas preoperatorias' means 'tests pr\u00e9op\u00e9ratoires' means 'prove preoperatorie' means 'Ensaios pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rios' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'orthological' means 'otologische' means 'de origen otol\u00f3gico' means 'd'otologie' means 'otologica' means 'Otol\u00f3gico' means '\u041e\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439'. 'hearing' means 'H\u00f6rtechnik' means 'audiol\u00f3gico' means 'm\u00e9dicaments' means 'audiologica' means 'audiol\u00f3gico' means '\u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439'. 'surgical indications' means 'chirurgische Indikationen' means 'Indicaciones quir\u00fargicas' means 'Indications chirurgicales' means 'indicazioni chirurgiche' means 'indica\u00e7\u00f5es cir\u00fargicas' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'realistic guidelines' means 'realistische Leitlinien' means 'orientaciones realistas' means 'lignes directrices r\u00e9alistes' means 'orientamenti realistici' means 'Orienta\u00e7\u00f5es realistas' means '\u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u044b'. 'debated topic' means 'Debatte' means 'tema de debate' means 'sujet de d\u00e9bat' means 'argomento di discussione' means 't\u00f3pico de debate' means '\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430'" }, { "id": "33", "en": "Incisor malocclusion in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a common clinical problem seen in general practice. Given that the growth rate is about 2 mm per week, a lack of wear quickly leads to feeding difficulties and soft tissue injuries. Therefore, pathologically elongated incisors must be shortened every three to six weeks. The goal of this study was to assess the potential adverse effects on dental and periodontal tissues associated with the three most commonly used trimming methods: nail cutter, diamond-coated cutting disc and diamond burr. The left mandibular incisor of 28 healthy New Zealand rabbits was subjected to four trimmings with one of the three cutting methods. After the fattening period, the mandibles were collected and both mandibular incisors were investigated on dental radiographs, micro-computed tomography scans and histological sections. Dental and periodontal tissue changes were evaluated. This study allowed a more accurate statement of the potential short-term adverse effects of the three trimming methods. At the clinical level, the nail cutter caused the formation of an irregular occlusal surface with sharp edges. Both engine-drive methods allowed the attainment of a smooth surface but the disc was less accurate. Histological evaluation revealed that the primary modifications, including coronal fractures, periodontal ligament widening and inflammation, reparative osteodentine, paracementosis and biofilm accumulation, were found in the nail cutter group.", "it": "La malocclusione degli incisivi nei conigli (Oryctolagus cuniculus) \u00e8 un problema clinico comune osservato nella pratica generale. Considerando che il tasso di crescita \u00e8 di circa 2 mm a settimana, una mancanza di usura porta rapidamente a difficolt\u00e0 alimentari e lesioni dei tessuti molli. Pertanto, gli incisivi patologicamente allungati devono essere accorciati ogni tre o sei settimane. Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 di valutare gli effetti avversi potenziali sui tessuti dentali e parodontali associati ai tre metodi di rifilatura pi\u00f9 comunemente utilizzati: tagliaunghie, disco diamantato e fresa diamantata. Il primo incisivo mandibolare sinistro di 28 conigli neozelandesi sani \u00e8 stato sottoposto a quattro rifilature con uno dei tre metodi di taglio. Dopo il periodo di ingrassamento, le mandibole sono state raccolte e sia gli incisivi mandibolari che le mandibole sono stati indagati su radiografie dentali, scansioni tomografiche micro-computerizzate e sezioni istologiche. Sono stati valutati i cambiamenti nei tessuti dentali e parodontali. Questo studio ha consentito una descrizione pi\u00f9 accurata degli effetti collaterali potenziali a breve termine dei tre metodi di rifilatura. A livello clinico, il tagliaunghie ha causato la formazione di una superficie occlusale irregolare con bordi affilati. Entrambi i metodi motorizzati hanno permesso di ottenere una superficie liscia, ma il disco era meno preciso della fresa. La valutazione istologica ha rivelato che durante l\u2019accorciamento con il tagliaunghie sono apparse modifiche principali, tra cui fratture coronali, allargamento del legamento parodontale e infiammazione, osteodentina riparativa, paracementosi e accumulo di biofilm.", "keywords": [ "incisor malocclusion", "Oryctolagus cuniculus", "pathologically elongated incisors", "trimming methods", "nail cutter", "diamond-coated cutting disc", "diamond burr", "mandibular incisor", "dental radiographs", "micro-computed tomography", "histological sections", "periodontal tissues", "irregular occlusal surface", "sharp edges", "engine-drive methods", "smooth surface", "coronal fractures", "periodontal ligament widening", "inflammation", "reparative osteodentine", "paracementosis", "biofilm accumulation" ], "keyword_chains": "'incisor malocclusion' means 'Schnittmalsverletzung' means 'Malloclusi\u00f3n del incisivo' means 'Mal-occlusion de l' incisive' means 'Malinclusione dell' incisivo' means 'm\u00e1 oclus\u00e3o do incisivo' means '\u041c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0446\u0430'. 'Other, including flowering plants' means 'Oryctolagus cuniculus' means 'Oryctolagus cuniculus, tambi\u00e9n conocido como Oryctolagus cuniculus' means 'Autres esp\u00e8ces' means 'Oryctolagus cuniculus' means 'Oryctolagus cuniculus' means 'Oryctolagus cuniculus (\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0440\u044b\u0431\u043a\u0430)'. 'pathologically elongated incisors' means 'pathologisch verl\u00e4ngerte Schneidez\u00e4hne' means 'incisivos patol\u00f3gicamente alargados' means 'incisifs allong\u00e9s pathologiquement' means 'incisivi patologicamente allungati' means 'Incisivos patologicamente alongados' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0446\u044b'. 'methods of trimming' means 'Trimmverfahren' means 'm\u00e9todos de recorte' means 'm\u00e9thodes de taille' means 'metodi di taglio' means 'm\u00e9todos de corte' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438'. 'nail cutter' means 'Nagelschneider' means 'cortador de u\u00f1as' means 'coupe-ongles' means 'tagliatrice di unghie' means 'cortador de unhas' means '\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0442\u0435\u0439'. 'diamond-coated cutting disc' means 'mit Diamant \u00fcberzogene Schneidscheibe' means 'Disco de corte recubierto de diamantes' means 'disque de coupe enduit de diamants' means 'disco di taglio rivestito di diamanti' means 'disco de corte revestido de diamantes' means '\u0414\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a'. 'diamond burr' means 'Diamantbr\u00fche' means 'una rebanada de diamante' means 'd\u00e9bris de diamants' means 'diametro di 100 mm' means 'borra de diamante' means '\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043a'. 'mandibular incisor' means 'Schnittstange des Unterkiefers' means 'incisivo mandibular' means 'incisif mandibulaire' means 'incisivo mandibolare' means 'incisivo mandibular' means '\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'dental radiographs' means 'Zahnradiographie' means 'radiograf\u00edas dentales' means 'radiographies dentaires' means 'radiografie dentali' means 'Radiografias dent\u00e1rias' means '\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432'. 'micro-computed tomography' means 'Mikro-Computertomographie' means 'Tomograf\u00eda microcomputada' means 'tomographie micro-informatique' means 'Tomografia microcomputata' means 'Tomografia microcomputada' means '\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f'. 'histological sections' means 'histologische Abschnitte' means 'secciones histol\u00f3gicas' means 'section histologique' means 'sezioni istologiche' means 'sec\u00e7\u00f5es histol\u00f3gicas' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'periodontal tissues' means 'Zahnfleischgewebe' means 'tejidos periodontales' means 'tissus parodontaux' means 'tessuti parodontali' means 'tecidos periodontais' means '\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438'. 'irregular occlusal surface' means 'unregelm\u00e4\u00dfige Okklusoberfl\u00e4che' means 'superficie oclusal irregular' means 'surface occlusale irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re' means 'superficie occlusale irregolare' means 'superf\u00edcie oclusal irregular' means '\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'sharp edges' means 'Scharfe Kanten' means 'bordes afilados' means 'ar\u00eates pointues' means 'bordi affilati' means 'bordas afiadas' means '\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f'. 'engine-drive methods' means 'Antriebsmethoden' means 'm\u00e9todos de accionamiento del motor' means 'm\u00e9thodes de conduite du moteur' means 'metodi di azionamento del motore' means 'M\u00e9todos de propuls\u00e3o do motor' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f'. 'smooth surface' means 'glatte Oberfl\u00e4che' means 'superficie lisa' means 'surface lisse' means 'superficie liscia' means 'superf\u00edcie lisa' means '\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'coronal fractures' means 'Koronastrauma' means 'fracturas coronales' means 'fractures coronales' means 'fratture coronali' means 'Fracturas coronais' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'periodontal ligament widening' means 'Vergr\u00f6\u00dferung der Parodontalis-B\u00e4nder' means 'ensanchamiento del ligamento periodontal' means '\u00e9largissement du ligament parodontal' means 'allargamento del legamento parodontale' means 'alargamento do ligamento periodontal' means '\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432'. 'inflammation of the' means 'Entz\u00fcndung' means 'inflamaci\u00f3n' means 'inflammation' means 'inflamazione' means 'inflama\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'the following paragraph is added:' means 'Reparative Osteodentin' means 'Osteodentina reparadora' means 'r\u00e9parateur d'ost\u00e9odentine' means 'osteodentina riparativa' means 'osteodentina reparadora' means '\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430'. 'other' means 'Parazementose' means 'paracementosis' means 'paracimentose' means 'paracimenti' means 'paracimentose' means '\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'accumulation of biofilm' means 'Biofilm-Akkumulation' means 'acumulaci\u00f3n de biofilms' means 'accumulation de biofilm' means 'accumulo di biofilm' means 'acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de biofilme' means '\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438'" }, { "id": "34", "en": "This study observed the effects of oxygen supplementation, via an oxygen concentrator, on peripheral arterial blood oxygenation (SpO2) measured by pulse oximetry in anaesthetised cats undergoing spay in three different surgical positions. A total of 192 female feral cats were investigated for a large-scale trap-neuter-release program. Cats were anaesthetised with an intramuscular combination of butorphanol (0,4\u2009mg / kg), ketamine (7-10\u2009mg / kg) and medetomidine (0,03-0,05\u2009mg / kg). Cats were randomly allocated to undergo spay in either Trendelenburg (TR) (70\u00b0 downward head tilt), lateral (LR) or dorsal (DR) recumbency. Cats were breathing spontaneously either room air or 2\u2009L/minute oxygen via a tight-fitting face mask. Pulse rate (in beats per minute), respiratory rate (in breaths per minute) and SpO2 (in percentage) were measured at baseline in left lateral recumbency and afterwards continuously after being positioned in allocated surgical position. At the end of surgery, cats were placed again in left recumbency, and all parameters were re-evaluated after five minutes. Overall, 33\u2009% of cats showed severe arterial oxygen desaturation (SpO2 < 90\u2009%) at baseline when breathing room air. When oxygen was supplemented during the procedure, arterial oxygen desaturation resolved in all cats. At the end of the procedure, 29\u2009% of cats were hypoxaemic when oxygen was not supplemented, with an overall higher percentage of hypoxaemic cats in TR as compared to DR and LR recumbencies. All cats recovered well from surgery and were released within 24 hours post-anaesthesia. Arterial oxygen desaturation is frequent in cats anaesthetised with injectable anaesthesia for spay under field conditions. Oxygen supplementation administered via a tight-fitting mask resolved arterial oxygen desaturation in this feral cat population regardless of the surgical position and therefore oxygen supplementation is recommended in any case.", "it": "Questo studio ha osservato gli effetti della supplementazione di ossigeno, tramite un concentratore di ossigeno, sull\u2019ossigenazione periferica del sangue arterioso (SpO2) misurata mediante pulsossimetria in gatti anestetizzati sottoposti a sterilizzazione in tre diverse posizioni chirurgiche. Un totale di 192 femmine di gatto selvatico sono state indagate per un programma su larga scala di trappola-sterilizzazione-rilascio. Le gatte sono state anestetizzate con una combinazione intramuscolare di butorfanolo (0,4\u2009mg / kg), ketamina (7\u201310\u2009mg\u2009/\u2009kg) e medetomidina (0,03\u20130,05\u2009mg\u2009/\u2009kg). Le gatte sono state assegnate casualmente per essere sottoposte a sterilizzazione in posizione Trendelenburg (TR) (inclinazione della testa verso il basso di 70\u00b0), laterale (LR) o dorsale (DR). Le gatte respiravano spontaneamente aria ambiente oppure 2\u2009L/minuto di ossigeno attraverso una maschera facciale aderente. La frequenza del polso (in battiti al minuto), la frequenza respiratoria (in respiri al minuto) e la SpO2 (in percentuale) sono state misurate alla base in posizione laterale sinistra e successivamente in modo continuo dopo essere stati posizionati nella posizione chirurgica assegnata. Al termine dell\u2019intervento, le gatte sono state poste nuovamente in posizione supina sinistra e tutti i parametri sono stati rivalutati dopo cinque minuti. Complessivamente, il 33\u2009% delle gatte presentava una grave desaturazione dell\u2019ossigeno arterioso (SpO2 < 90\u2009%) al basale quando respirava aria ambiente. Quando l\u2019ossigeno \u00e8 stato integrato durante la procedura, la desaturazione dell\u2019ossigeno arterioso si \u00e8 risolta in tutte le gatte. Al termine della procedura, il 29\u2009% delle gatte era ipossiemica quando l\u2019ossigeno non era stato integrato, con una percentuale complessiva pi\u00f9 alta di gatte ipossiemiche in TR rispetto alle posizioni DR e LR. Tutte le gatte si sono riprese bene dall\u2019intervento e sono state dimesse entro 24 ore dall\u2019anestesia. La desaturazione dell\u2019ossigeno arterioso \u00e8 frequente nei gatti anestetizzati con anestesia iniettabile durante la loro sterilizzazione. L\u2019integrazione di ossigeno somministrato tramite una maschera aderente ha risolto la desaturazione arteriosa di ossigeno in questa popolazione di gatti selvatici, indipendentemente dalla posizione chirurgica, e quindi l\u2019integrazione di ossigeno \u00e8 raccomandata in ogni caso.", "keywords": [ "oxygen supplementation", "oxygen concentrator", "peripheral arterial blood oxygenation", "SpO2", "pulse oximetry", "anaesthetised cats", "spay", "surgical positions", "trap-neuter-release program", "butorphanol", "ketamine", "medetomidine", "Trendelenburg", "lateral", "dorsal", "recumbency", "tight-fitting face mask", "pulse rate", "respiratory rate", "baseline", "hypoxaemic", "arterial oxygen desaturation", "injectable anaesthesia", "field conditions" ], "keyword_chains": "'oxygen supplementation' means 'Sauerstoffzufuhr' means 'suplementaci\u00f3n de ox\u00edgeno' means 'suppl\u00e9mentation en oxyg\u00e8ne' means 'supplementazione di ossigeno' means 'Suplementa\u00e7\u00e3o de oxig\u00e9nio' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434'. 'oxygen concentrator' means 'Sauerstoffkonzentrator' means 'concentrador de ox\u00edgeno' means 'concentratrice d'oxyg\u00e8ne' means 'concentratore di ossigeno' means 'Concentrador de oxig\u00e9nio' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440'. 'peripheral arterial blood oxygenation' means 'periphere arterielle Blutsauerstoffzufuhr' means 'oxigenaci\u00f3n de la sangre arterial perif\u00e9rica' means 'oxyg\u00e9nation du sang art\u00e9riel p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique' means 'ossigenazione del sangue arterioso periferico' means 'oxigena\u00e7\u00e3o do sangue arterial perif\u00e9rico' means '\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438'. 'SpO2' means 'SpO2' means 'SpO2' means 'SpO2' means 'SpO2' means 'SpO2' means 'SpO2'. 'pulse oximetry' means 'Pulsoximetrie' means 'oximetr\u00eda de pulso' means 'oxym\u00e9trie du pouls' means 'ossimetria dell' impulso' means 'oximetria de pulso' means '\u041e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430'. 'anesthetized cats' means 'Bet\u00e4ubte Katzen' means 'gatos anestesiados' means 'chats anesth\u00e9si\u00e9s' means 'gatti anestetizzati' means 'gatos anestesiados' means '\u043a\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438'. 'spayed' means 'Sp\u00e4ter' means 'esterilizaci\u00f3n' means '\u00e9venter' means 'sterilizzazione' means 'esteriliza\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'surgical positions' means 'chirurgische Positionen' means 'posiciones quir\u00fargicas' means 'positions chirurgicales' means 'posizioni chirurgiche' means 'posi\u00e7\u00f5es cir\u00fargicas' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'Trap-neutral-release program' means 'Programm zur Entnahme und Sterilisation' means 'Programa de captura y liberaci\u00f3n de neutralizar' means 'programme de capture et de st\u00e9rilisation' means 'programma di cattura-neutralizzazione-rilascio' means 'programa de captura-neutraliza\u00e7\u00e3o-liberta\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \"\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442-\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435-\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\"'. 'butorphanol' means 'Butorphanol' means 'el butorfanol' means 'd'une teneur en alcool de plus de 80%' means 'butorfanolo' means 'butorfanol' means '\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043b'. 'other' means 'Ketamin' means 'Acetilcolina y sus derivados' means 'd\u00e9p\u00f4t de' means 'ketamina' means 'Cetonas' means '\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d'. 'other medicinal products' means 'Medetomidin' means 'medietomidina' means 'm\u00e9di\u00e9tomidine' means 'medetomidina' means 'medietomidina' means '\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043d'. 'The following table is added:' means 'Trendelenburg' means 'El pueblo de Trendelenburg' means 'Nom de l'entreprise' means 'Trendelenburg' means 'Trendelenburg' means '\u0422\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433'. 'lateral' means 'Seitlich' means 'de las partes' means '\u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur' means 'laterale' means 'lateral' means '\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439'. 'dorsal' means 'R\u00fccken' means 'de la espalda' means 'dorsal' means 'dorsal' means 'dorsal' means '\u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439'. 'recumbency' means 'R\u00fcckstand' means 'recumbencia' means 'd\u00e9tention' means 'ricovero' means 'recidividade' means '\u043e\u0442\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'a face mask with a tight fit' means 'Maske mit engem Ansatz' means 'm\u00e1scara de la cara de ajuste ajustado' means 'masque facial \u00e0 fixation serr\u00e9e' means 'maschera per il viso adattabile' means 'm\u00e1scara facial de ajuste apertado' means '\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439'. 'pulse rate' means 'Pulsfrequenz' means 'frecuencia del pulso' means 'fr\u00e9quence cardiaque' means 'frequenza cardiaca' means 'frequ\u00eancia card\u00edaca' means '\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430'. 'respiratory rate' means 'Atemfrequenz' means 'frecuencia respiratoria' means 'fr\u00e9quence respiratoire' means 'frequenza respiratoria' means 'taxa respirat\u00f3ria' means '\u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'the baseline' means 'Ausgangswert' means 'l\u00ednea de base' means 'ligne de base' means 'linea di base' means 'linha de base' means '\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'hypoksemic' means 'Blutzuckermangel' means 'hipoxemia' means 'hypox\u00e9mie' means 'ipoxemia' means 'hipoxemia' means '\u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'arterial oxygen desaturation' means 'arterielle Sauerstoffvers\u00e4ttigung' means 'Desaturaci\u00f3n arterial de ox\u00edgeno' means 'd\u00e9saturation art\u00e9rielle de l'oxyg\u00e8ne' means 'desaturazione dell' ossigeno arterioso' means 'Desatura\u00e7\u00e3o arterial de oxig\u00e9nio' means '\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'injectable anaesthesia' means 'Injektionsan\u00e4sthesie' means 'anestesia inyectable' means 'anesth\u00e9sie injectable' means 'anestesia iniettabile' means 'Anestesia Injectavel' means '\u0438\u043d\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044f'. 'field conditions' means 'Feldbedingungen' means 'condiciones de campo' means 'conditions de terrain' means 'condizioni di campo' means 'Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de campo' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "35", "en": "Septoplasty is performed to resolve breathing problems, but it often becomes pivotal to correct external nasal deviation, representing a central step in rhinoplasty surgery. Even in patients with no functional problems, septal surgery may represent the best solution for obtaining a proper realignment of the external nasal pyramid. One-stage septorhinoplasty has become the standard of treatment for a deviated nose, hence septoplasty cannot be considered as a separate procedure to perform before or after rhinoplasty or as a partial operation subject to later revision. The aim of this article is to discuss the close relationship between the nasal septum and the aesthetics of the nose, and how a graduated surgical approach for the correction of septal deviations could affect the external deviated nose.", "it": "La rinosettoplastica one-stage rappresenta ormai il trattamento standard per le deviazioni nasali e la settoplastica non pu\u00f2 essere considerata n\u00e9 come una procedura indipendente da effettuare prima o dopo la rinoplastica, n\u00e9 come un intervento parziale soggetto a successiva revisione. L'intervento di settoplastica, normalmente finalizzato al recupero funzionale nei quadri di ostruzione respiratoria nasale, ha spesso un ruolo centrale nella correzione dei difetti estetici della piramide nasale ed \u00e8 uno step chirurgico chiave negli interventi di rinosettoplastica. La chirurgia del setto pu\u00f2 rappresentare anche l'unica procedura per ottenere un corretto riallineamento della piramide nasale. Il presente lavoro ha il fine di discutere sia la stretta relazione fra la chirurgia del setto nasale e l'estetica del naso, sia il ruolo ricoperto da un approccio chirurgico graduale volto alla correzione del setto nasale nel trattamento delle deviazioni della piramide nasale.", "keywords": [ "Septoplasty", "rhinoplasty", "external nasal deviation", "septal surgery", "realignment", "external nasal pyramid", "one-stage septorhinoplasty", "deviated nose", "partial operation", "nasal septum", "aesthetics", "graduated surgical approach", "septal deviations" ], "keyword_chains": "'Septoplasty' means 'Septoplastik' means 'Septoplastia' means 'S\u00e9ptoplastie' means 'Septoplastica' means 'Septoplastia' means '\u0421\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'rhinoplasty' means 'Rhinoplastik' means 'cirug\u00eda de la nariz' means 'chirurgie du nez' means 'rinoplastica' means 'rinoplastia' means '\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'external nasal deviation' means '\u00e4u\u00dfere Nasenabweichung' means 'desviaci\u00f3n nasal externa' means 'd\u00e9viation nasale externe' means 'deviazione nasale esterna' means 'desvio nasal externo' means '\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430'. 'septal surgery' means 'Septumschirurgie' means 'cirug\u00eda septal' means 'chirurgie du septum' means 'chirurgia settale' means 'cirurgia septal' means '\u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 're-alignment' means 'Neuausrichtung' means 'reajuste' means 'r\u00e9alignement' means 'riallineamento' means 'Realinhamento' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430'. 'external nasal pyramid' means '\u00e4u\u00dfere Nasenpyramide' means 'Pir\u00e1mide nasal externa' means 'pyramide nasale externe' means 'piramide nasale esterna' means 'Pir\u00e2mide nasal externa' means '\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430'. 'one-stage septorhinoplasty' means 'Einstufige Septorhinoplastik' means 'septorinoplastia en una etapa' means 'septorhinoplastie \u00e0 un stade' means 'septorinoplastica in una fase' means 'septorrinoplastia em uma etapa' means '\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'deviated nose' means 'abweichende Nase' means 'nariz desviada' means 'nez d\u00e9vi\u00e9' means 'naso deviato' means 'nariz desviado' means '\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0441'. 'partial operation' means 'Teilbetrieb' means 'operaci\u00f3n parcial' means 'fonctionnement partiel' means 'operazione parziale' means 'opera\u00e7\u00e3o parcial' means '\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430'. 'nasal septum' means 'Nasenscheidewand' means 'el tabique nasal' means 'septum nasal' means 'setto nasale' means 'septo nasal' means '\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430'. 'aesthetics' means '\u00c4sthetik' means 'Est\u00e9tica' means 'esth\u00e9tique' means 'estetica' means 'Est\u00e9tica' means '\u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'graduated surgical approach' means 'abgestufte chirurgische Vorgehensweise' means 'Enfoque quir\u00fargico graduado' means 'approche chirurgicale gradu\u00e9e' means 'approccio chirurgico graduato' means 'abordagem cir\u00fargica graduada' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434'. 'septal deviations' means 'Septum-Abweichungen' means 'desviaciones del tabique' means 'd\u00e9viations septal' means 'deviazioni settali' means 'desvios do septo' means '\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0438'" }, { "id": "36", "en": "Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) combined with total mesorectal excision (TME) is currently the gold standard for locally advanced low-lying rectal cancer (LACR). Around 20-30% of patients after NCRT can achieve clinical complete response (cCR); 5-44% of the patients who underwent TME achieve pathological complete response (pCR) on postoperative histopathologic studies. In the present study we perform a review of current Literature and retrospectively analyze our personal experience on \"watch and wait\" approach after cCR. Further studies are needed to establish an internationally accepted definition of clinical complete response, to delineate the real role of MRI in the post-treatment staging and to determine more precise predictors of sustained clinical complete response. The eventual presence of long-term morbidity and adverse effects after chemoradiation needs as well to be better evaluated. Evidence suggests that watch and wait approach is associated with substantially better quality of life and functional outcomes compared with standard surgical resection. KEY WORDS: Chemoradiation, Neoadjuvant therapy, Rectal cancer, Remission induction.", "it": "La Radiochemioterapia neoadiuvante (NRCT) associata all\u2019escissione totale del mesoretto (TME) \u00e8 attualmente il gold standard per i tumori del retto basso localmente avanzati (LACR). Circa il 20-30% dei pazienti dopo radiochemioterapia neoadiuvante possono ottenere una risposta clinica completa (cCR); il 5-44% dei pazienti sottoposti a TME ottengono una risposta patologica completa (pCR) all\u2019esame istologico del pezzo operatorio. Nello studio presente presentiamo una review della letteratura corrente sull\u2019argomento ed analizziamo retrospettivamente la nostra personale esperienza sull\u2019approccio definito \u201cwatch and wait\u201d dopo risposta clinica completa. Ulteriori studi sono necessary per stabilire una definizione clinica accettata a livello internazionale di risposta clinica completa, per delineare il reale ruolo della Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare nella stadiazione post trattamento radiochemioterapico e per stabilire dei predittori pi\u00f9 precisi di risposta clinica completa sostenuta. Deve inoltre essere valutata la presenza di morbidit\u00e0 e di effetti avversi dopo trattamento radiochemioterapico. Le evidenze attualmente presenti in letteratura suggeriscono che l\u2019approccio \u201cwatch and wait\u201d \u00e8 associato con una sostanziale migliore qualit\u00e0 della vita e migliori esiti funzionali, comparato con la resezione chirurgica standard.", "keywords": [ "Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy", "total mesorectal excision", "gold standard", "locally advanced low-lying rectal cancer", "clinical complete response", "pathological complete response", "postoperative histopathologic studies", "watch and wait approach", "internationally accepted definition", "post-treatment staging", "precise predictors", "long-term morbidity", "adverse effects", "quality of life", "functional outcomes", "remission induction" ], "keyword_chains": "'Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy' means 'Neoadjuvante Chemoradiotherapie' means 'Quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante' means 'La chimio-radioth\u00e9rapie n\u00e9oadjuvante' means 'Chimioradioterapia neoadiuvante' means 'Quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante' means '\u041d\u0435\u043e\u0430\u0434\u044a\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'total mesorectal excision' means 'Gesamtmesorectal-Exzision' means 'extirpaci\u00f3n mesorrectal total' means 'excission m\u00e9zorectale totale' means 'asportazione totale del mesorectum' means 'Excis\u00e3o mesorretal total' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'gold standard' means 'Goldstandard' means 'est\u00e1ndar de oro' means 'norme or' means 'standard oro' means 'padr\u00e3o ouro' means '\u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442'. 'locally advanced low-lying rectal cancer' means 'lokal fortgeschrittener, tief liegender Rektumkrebs' means 'c\u00e1ncer de recto localmente avanzado de baja ubicaci\u00f3n' means 'cancer du rectum localis\u00e9 avanc\u00e9 et bas' means 'tumore rettale a livello locale avanzato' means 'C\u00e2ncer de reto localizado avan\u00e7ado' means '\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438'. 'clinical complete response' means 'klinisch vollst\u00e4ndige Antwort' means 'respuesta cl\u00ednica completa' means 'r\u00e9ponse clinique compl\u00e8te' means 'risposta clinica completa' means 'resposta cl\u00ednica completa' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442'. 'pathological complete response' means 'pathologische vollst\u00e4ndige Reaktion' means 'respuesta patol\u00f3gica completa' means 'r\u00e9ponse pathologique compl\u00e8te' means 'risposta completa patologica' means 'resposta patol\u00f3gica completa' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442'. 'postoperative histopathological studies' means 'postoperative histopathologische Studien' means 'estudios histopatol\u00f3gicos postoperatorios' means '\u00e9tudes histopathologiques post-op\u00e9ratoires' means 'studi istopatologici postoperatori' means 'estudos histopatol\u00f3gicos p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'Watch and wait approach' means 'Warten und warten' means 'Observar y esperar el acercamiento' means 'Attention \u00e0 l'approche.' means 'Attendere e aspettare l'approccio.' means 'Observa\u00e7\u00e3o e espera aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'internationally accepted definition' means 'international anerkannte Definition' means 'Definici\u00f3n aceptada internacionalmente' means 'd\u00e9finition accept\u00e9e au niveau international' means 'definizione accettata a livello internazionale' means 'Defini\u00e7\u00e3o internacionalmente aceita' means '\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'staging after treatment' means 'Stufenbildung nach der Behandlung' means 'Estadificaci\u00f3n despu\u00e9s del tratamiento' means '\u00e9tapes de post-traitement' means 'Staging post-trattamento' means 'Estadiamento p\u00f3s-tratamento' means '\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'accurate predictors' means 'pr\u00e4zise Vorhersager' means 'predictores precisos' means 'pr\u00e9dicteurs pr\u00e9cis' means 'predittori precisi' means 'Preditores precisos' means '\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438'. 'long-term morbidity' means 'Langzeitmorbidit\u00e4t' means 'Morbilidad a largo plazo' means 'morbidit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme' means 'morbilit\u00e0 a lungo termine' means 'Morbidade a longo prazo' means '\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'adverse effects' means 'Nebenwirkungen' means 'efectos adversos' means 'effets ind\u00e9sirables' means 'effetti avversi' means 'efeitos adversos' means '\u043d\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f'. 'quality of life' means 'Lebensqualit\u00e4t' means 'calidad de vida' means 'qualit\u00e9 de vie' means 'qualit\u00e0 della vita' means 'qualidade de vida' means '\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438'. 'functional outcomes' means 'Funktionelle Ergebnisse' means 'resultados funcionales' means 'r\u00e9sultats fonctionnels' means 'risultati funzionali' means 'resultados funcionais' means '\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b'. 'induction of remission' means 'Remissionsinduktion' means 'inducci\u00f3n de la remisi\u00f3n' means 'induction de la r\u00e9mission' means 'induzione della remissione' means 'indu\u00e7\u00e3o de remiss\u00e3o' means '\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438'" }, { "id": "37", "en": "The present research deals with the clinical and social problems present during linguistic and cognitive development of deaf children. Currently, the development of Theory of Mind represents an important research field in deafness studies. These international studies highlighted a significant alteration in the development of Theory of Mind in deaf children compared to normal hearing children, especially in cases of congenital or preverbal hearing loss. In particular, the research focuses on the skills of deaf children in recognising emotions and desires, through both perceptive and cognitive methods, by evaluation of psycho-cognitive skills of children with severe hearing loss using a set of questions to be administered to hearing loss patients. The experiment was performed on a group composed of 10 children (5 males and 5 females) aged 4 to 9 years and 54 to 108 months, affected by bilateral congenital hearing loss (severe to total), or hearing loss that developed in preverbal children the year before entering elementary school, or during the fourth year of elementary school. The selection criteria were based on: audiologic evaluation, neuro-psychological tests administered to assess general, cognitive as well as praxis and perceptive abilities, and clinical observations performed to assess psychopathology using tests that assess development of both visual perceptive (Coloured Progressive Matrices) and graphic representational abilities (Test of Human Figure Drawings and the Family Drawing Test). The instrument \"cognitive\" was the \"Deaf Children Series\", arranged by us, that consists of a mental status examination (MSE) that evaluates: level of cognitive (knowledge-related) ability, emotional mood, and speech and thought patterns at the time of evaluation. Deaf children show a reduced responsiveness to the expressions of sadness on the perceptive side. Through the test, we observed a psychodynamic defense mechanism considering perceptive understanding performance. On the contrary, in normal hearing children, the emotion 'fear' is the most difficult to identify. Deaf children seem to be more susceptible to recognition of visual emotions. Furthermore, deaf children present significant problem-solving skills and emotional recognition skills, possibly as a result of their hearing impairment.", "it": "La presente ricerca affronta i problemi clinici e sociali che riguardano lo sviluppo linguistico e cognitivo nei bambini sordi. Attualmente, lo sviluppo della \u201cTeoria della mente\u201d rappresenta un importante campo di ricerca nello studio della sordit\u00e0. Questi studi internazionali hanno evidenziato nei bambini sordi una significativa alterazione nello sviluppo della \u201cTeoria della Mente\u201d, soprattutto in caso di perdita congenita o preverbale dell\u2019udito. In particolare, la ricerca si concentra sulle competenze dei bambini sordi nel riconoscere emozioni e desideri, attraverso metodi sia cognitivi che percettivi, per la valutazione delle capacit\u00e0 psico-cognitiva attraverso una serie di domande composte da alcuni test adeguati, da somministrare ai pazienti con perdita uditiva. L\u2019esperimento \u00e8 stato condotto su un gruppo composto da 10 bambini (5 maschi e 5 femmine), di et\u00e0 compresa tra 4 e 9 anni e tra 54 e 108 mesi), affetti da perdita uditiva congenita bilaterale (da grave a cofosi), o da perdita uditiva preverbale sviluppata sia in bambini che attendono l\u2019ultimo anno prima di frequentare la scuola elementare, sia in quelli che frequentano il quarto anno di scuola elementare. I criteri di selezione sono stati basati su: valutazione audiologica, somministrazione di test neuropsicologici al fine di valutare, in generale, le capacit\u00e0 cognitive e percettive e osservazioni cliniche effettuate, al fine di valutare la psicopatologia del campione, attraverso dei test che valutano pi\u00f9 facilmente lo sviluppo sia della percettivit\u00e0 visiva (Coloured Progressive Matrices), sia della rappresentazione grafica (Test di disegno sulla figura umana e il Test di disegno sulla famiglia). Lo strumento di misurazione \u201ccognitiva\u201d \u00e8 stato il \u201cDeaf Children Series\u201d, test strutturato da noi, che consiste in un esame dello stato mentale (MSE), capace di valutare: il livello di capacit\u00e0 cognitiva (conoscenza-correlato), l\u2019umore e modelli di discorso e di pensiero di un paziente al momento della valutazione. I bambini sordi mostrano sul lato percettivo una sensibilit\u00e0 ridotta alle espressioni di tristezza. Nel test possiamo osservare un meccanismo di difesa psicodinamico per quanto riguarda la prestazione percettiva. Al contrario, per quanto riguarda i bambini normoudenti, la paura \u00e8 l\u2019emozione pi\u00f9 difficile da identificare. I bambini sordi sembrano essere maggiormente predisposti al riconoscimento di emozioni visive. Inoltre, i bambini sordi presentano notevoli capacit\u00e0 di \u201cproblem solving\u201d, capacit\u00e0 di riconoscimento emotivo, probabilmente a causa del loro problema.", "keywords": [ "Theory of Mind", "deaf children", "congenital hearing loss", "preverbal hearing loss", "psycho-cognitive skills", "audiologic evaluation", "neuro-psychological tests", "psychopathology", "visual perceptive abilities", "graphic representational abilities", "mental status examination", "emotional mood", "psychodynamic defense mechanism", "visual emotions", "problem-solving skills", "emotional recognition skills" ], "keyword_chains": "'Theory of the Mind' means 'Theorie des Geistes' means 'Teor\u00eda de la mente' means 'La th\u00e9orie de l'esprit' means 'Teoria della mente' means 'Teoria da Mente' means '\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0430'. 'deaf children' means 'Geh\u00f6rlose Kinder' means 'ni\u00f1os sordos' means 'enfants sourds' means 'bambini sordi' means 'crian\u00e7as surdas' means '\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438'. 'congenital hearing loss' means 'angeborene H\u00f6rverlust' means 'p\u00e9rdida auditiva cong\u00e9nita' means 'perte auditive cong\u00e9nitale' means 'perdita dell' udito congenita' means 'perda auditiva cong\u00eanita' means '\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'Pre-verbal hearing loss' means 'H\u00f6rverlust vor dem Sprechen' means 'p\u00e9rdida de audici\u00f3n previa a la oral' means 'perte auditive pr\u00e9verbale' means 'perdita dell' udito pre- verbale' means 'Perda auditiva pr\u00e9-verbal' means '\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'psychological and cognitive skills' means 'psychokognitive F\u00e4higkeiten' means 'habilidades psicocognitivas' means 'comp\u00e9tences psycho-cognitives' means 'abilit\u00e0 psico-cognitive' means 'compet\u00eancias psicocognitivas' means '\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438'. 'hearing evaluation' means 'Audiologische Beurteilung' means 'evaluaci\u00f3n audiol\u00f3gica' means '\u00e9valuation audiologique' means 'valutazione audiologica' means 'avalia\u00e7\u00e3o audiol\u00f3gica' means '\u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430'. 'Neuro-psychological tests and tests' means 'Neuro-psychologische Tests' means 'pruebas neuro-psicol\u00f3gicas' means 'tests neuro-psychologiques' means 'prove neuro-psicologiche' means 'Testes neuro-psicol\u00f3gicos' means '\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b'. 'psychopathology' means 'psychopathologische' means 'psicopatolog\u00eda' means 'psychopathologie' means 'psicopatologia' means 'psicopatologia' means '\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'visual perceptive abilities' means 'visuelle Wahrnehmungsf\u00e4higkeiten' means 'capacidades de percepci\u00f3n visual' means 'capacit\u00e9s de perception visuelle' means 'capacit\u00e0 di percezione visiva' means 'capacidades de percep\u00e7\u00e3o visual' means '\u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f'. 'graphic representational abilities' means 'Grafische Darstellungsf\u00e4higkeiten' means 'habilidades de representaci\u00f3n gr\u00e1fica' means 'les capacit\u00e9s de repr\u00e9sentation graphique' means 'capacit\u00e0 di rappresentazione grafica' means 'habilidades de representa\u00e7\u00e3o gr\u00e1fica' means '\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e'. 'examination of mental state' means 'Pr\u00fcfung des psychischen Zustands' means 'examen del estado mental' means 'examen de l'\u00e9tat mental' means 'esame dello stato mentale' means 'exame do estado mental' means '\u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'emotional mood' means 'Gef\u00fchlsstimmung' means 'estado de \u00e1nimo emocional' means 'humeur \u00e9motionnelle' means 'umore emotivo' means 'estado de esp\u00edrito emocional' means '\u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'psychodynamic defense mechanism' means 'psychodynamische Abwehrmechanismen' means 'Mecanismo de defensa psicodin\u00e1mico' means 'm\u00e9canisme de d\u00e9fense psychodynamique' means 'meccanismo di difesa psicodinamica' means 'Mecanismo de defesa psicodin\u00e2mico' means '\u041f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c'. 'visual emotions' means 'visuelle Emotionen' means 'emociones visuales' means '\u00e9motions visuelles' means 'emozioni visive' means 'emo\u00e7\u00f5es visuais' means '\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'problem solving skills' means 'F\u00e4higkeiten zur Probleml\u00f6sung' means 'habilidades para resolver problemas' means 'comp\u00e9tences en r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes' means 'capacit\u00e0 di risoluzione dei problemi' means 'habilidades de resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de problemas' means '\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b'. 'emotional recognition skills' means 'F\u00e4higkeiten zur emotionalen Erkennung' means 'habilidades de reconocimiento emocional' means 'comp\u00e9tences de reconnaissance \u00e9motionnelle' means 'capacit\u00e0 di riconoscimento emotivo' means 'habilidades de reconhecimento emocional' means '\u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0439'" }, { "id": "38", "en": "AS in the whole world, there has been a decrease in the number of both cadaveric and living-donor kidney transplants in our country due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed at comparing the data of patients who previously underwent a kidney transplant in our clinic and patients on hemodialysis treatment and were diagnosed with COVID-19 during their follow-ups to find answer to the question \"Should we postpone kidney transplants during the pandemic or perform transplants as soon as possible?\". Among those diagnosed with COVID-19 during follow-ups between March 2020 and March 2021 and treated on an inpatient or outpatient basis, the data of patients who previously underwent a kidney transplant in Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Transplantation, Konya Practice and Research Hospital and hemodialysis patients followed up by the Nephrology Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. In our study, intensive care stay (Group 1:48.8%, Group 2: 40.4%, P=.34), intubation requirement (Group 1: 35%, Group 2: 34.6%, P=.96) and mortality (Group 1: 36.3%, Group 2: 34%, P=.84) rate was higher in the hemodialysis group, although no statistically significant difference was found. All this literature information and our study suggests that mortality rates were statistically similar or lower for transplant group. So it is unnecessary to delay kidney transplantation in patients with appropriate indications. COVID-19, Hemodialysis, Kidney transplantation, Mortality.", "it": "Come in tutto il mondo, con la pandemia di COVID-19, anche nel nostro paese si \u00e8 registrata una diminuzione del numero di trapianti di rene da donatore sia da cadaverico sia da vivente. Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 confrontare i dati dei pazienti a cui sono stati diagnosticati il COVID-19 durante il loro monitoraggio e i pazienti che hanno avuto un precedente trapianto di rene nella nostra clinica e i pazienti in emodialisi, in modo da trovare una risposta alla domanda di \u201cin pandemia, dobbiamo rimandare il loro trapianto di rene; o dobbiamo farlo il prima possibile?\u201d MATERIALE E METODO: TRA marzo 2020 e maggio 2021, sono stati analizzati retrospettivamente i dati dei pazienti che sono stati diagnosticati il COVID-19 durante loro visita e monitoraggio che hanno avuto un precedente trapianto di rene presso la Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 di Baskent e il Dipartimento di Scienza Madre di Trapianti dell\u2019Ospedale di Pratica e Ricerca di Konya con diagnosi di insufficienza renale cronica e che sono stati trattati con emodialisi dalla clinica di nefrologia con la stessa diagnosi, che sono stati trattati in regime di ricovero in p\u0131ene o \u0131n ambulator\u0131o. Nel nostro studio, durata della degenza in terapia intensiva (Gruppo 1: 48,8%, Gruppo 2: 40,4%, P=,34), necessit\u00e0 di intubazione (Gruppo 1: 35%, Gruppo 2: 34,6%, P=,96) e mortalit\u00e0 (Gruppo 1: 36,3%, Gruppo 2: 34%, P=,84) era pi\u00f9 alto nel gruppo emodializzato, sebbene non sia stata trovata alcuna differenza statisticamente significativa. Tutte queste informazioni della letteratura e i risultati del nostro studio ci mostrano che i tassi di mortalit\u00e0 sono statisticamente simili o inferiori nel gruppo del trapianto rispetto al gruppo dell\u2019emodialisi. Pertanto, non \u00e8 necessario rimandare il trapianto di rene nei pazienti con indicazioni appropriate.", "keywords": [ "cadaveric", "living-donor", "hemodialysis", "intensive care", "intubation", "mortality", "statistically significant", "appropriate indications" ], "keyword_chains": "'deadly' means 'Schwerm\u00fctig' means 'de las especies de los animales' means 'corps mort' means 'di cadavere' means 'de cadaverio' means '\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043f'. 'living donor' means 'lebender Spender' means 'Donante vivo' means 'donneur vivant' means 'donatore vivente' means 'Doador vivo' means '\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440'. 'other medicinal products' means 'Blutdialyse' means 'tratamiento de la sangre' means 'h\u00e9modialyse' means 'emodialisi' means 'hemodi\u00e1lise' means '\u0433\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437'. 'intensive care' means 'Intensivstation' means 'cuidados intensivos' means 'soins intensifs' means 'terapia intensiva' means 'cuidados intensivos' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f'. 'intubation' means 'Intubation' means 'Intubado' means 'Intubation' means 'intubazione' means 'intuba\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'death rate' means 'Sterblichkeit' means 'mortalidad' means 'mortalit\u00e9' means 'mortalit\u00e0' means 'Mortalidade' means '\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'statistically significant' means 'statistisch signifikant' means 'estad\u00edsticamente significativo' means 'statistiquement significative' means 'statistico significativo' means 'significativas estatisticamente' means '\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435'. 'appropriate indications' means 'geeignete Indikationen' means 'Indicaciones apropiadas' means 'les indications appropri\u00e9es' means 'indicazioni appropriate' means 'Indica\u00e7\u00f5es adequadas' means '\u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "39", "en": "Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a common disease with still unclear pathophysiologic mechanisms. The airway epithelial barrier has been shown to be involved in different chronic disorders, including rhinitis, nasal polyposis and asthma. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a primarily nuclear protein, is involved in the induction of airway inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, allergy, asthma and COPD. Pathogen-derived lipopolysaccharide is widely used as a trigger for inflammation. However, the molecular dialogue between LPS and HMGB1 in the delayed inflammatory processes remains to be explored, and the regulation of HMGB1 release through LPS from epithelial cells has not been extensively studied in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relocation of HMGB1 in LPS-induced human nasal epithelial cells in vitro. We obtained epithelial cells of nasal polyps from 10 patients requiring surgery for sinusitis at the ENT Department of the Chinese PLA General Hospital. The primary cultured human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells were stimulated with LPS. The expression and translocation of HMGB1 in intracellular and culture supernatants were determined using Western blot and immunofluorescence assay. HMGB1 protein was released in a time-dependent fashion in culture supernatants: in fact, expression of HMGB1 protein in HNE cells showed no significant changes at 0-24 h after exposure to 100 \u03bcg/ml LPS, but increased significantly at 48 and 72 hr. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed the transfer of HMGB1 from nuclei to cytoplasm in response to LPS exposure after 24 hr. These data reveal a hitherto unrecognized association between HMGB1 and LPS in human nasal epithelial cells. LPS can affect HMGB1 translocation and release, suggesting the involvement of HMGB1, through inflammatory mediators, in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.", "it": "La rinosinusite cronica e la poliposi nasale sono patologie frequenti con un meccanismo fisiopatologico non del tutto chiarito. La barriera epiteliale delle vie respiratorie sembra essere coinvolta in diverse patologie croniche come la rinite, la poliposi nasale e l'asma. HMGB1, proteina espressa originalmente a livello nucleare, \u00e8 coinvolta nell'induzione dell'infiammazione delle vie aeree nei pazienti affetti da rinosinusiti croniche, rinite allergica, asma e COPD. I Lipopolisaccaridi batterici sono ampiamente utilizzati come trigger dell'infiammazione. Tuttavia, il dialogo molecolare tra LPS e HMGB1, nella fase tardiva del processo infiammatorio, resta da approfondire. La regolazione del rilascio di HMGB1 dopo stimolazione con LPS dalle celle epiteliali non \u00e8 ancora stata studiata in modo esaustivo in pazienti con diagnosi di rinosinusite cronica con poliposi nasale. L'obiettivo di questo studio \u00e8 stato quello di analizzare in vitro la localizzazione di HMGB1 in colture di cellule epiteliali nasali umane dopo stimolazione con LPS. Abbiamo prelevato cellule epiteliali di polipi nasali da 10 pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia per sinusite cronica presso il Dipartimento di O.R.L. del PLA General Hospital di Pechino. Abbiamo stimolato la coltura primaria di cellule epiteliali nasali umane con LPS. L'espressione di HMGB1 e la traslocazione intracellulare e nel surnatante della coltura sono stati determinati usando la tecnica Western Blot e la determinazione in immunofluorescenza. L'espressione della proteina HMGB1 nelle cellule epiteliali nasali umane non ha mostrato variazioni significative a 0-24 h dall'esposizione a 100 \u03bcg/ml di LPS, ma \u00e8 aumentata significativamente a 48 e 72 h. HMGB1 \u00e8 rilasciata nel surnatante in modo tempo-dipendente. Le analisi di lmmunofluorescenza hanno mostrato il trasferimento di HMGB1 dal nucleo al citoplasma in risposta all'esposizione ad LPS dopo 24 ore. I nostri risultati hanno evidenziato un'associazione tra HMGB1 e LPS a tutt'oggi non dimostrata. I LPS possono pertanto ritenersi implicati nella traslocazione e nel rilascio di HMGB1 dalle cellule epiteliali nasali umane, suggerendo il coinvolgimento di HMGB1 come mediatore infiammatorio tardivo nelle rinosinusiti croniche associate o meno a poliposi nasale.", "keywords": [ "chronic rhinosinusitis", "nasal polyps", "pathophysiologic mechanisms", "airway epithelial barrier", "chronic disorders", "rhinitis", "nasal polyposis", "asthma", "high mobility group box 1", "HMGB1", "induction of airway inflammation", "COPD", "pathogen-derived lipopolysaccharide", "trigger for inflammation", "molecular dialogue", "delayed inflammatory processes", "regulation of HMGB1 release", "epithelial cells", "LPS-induced", "human nasal epithelial cells", "primary cultured human nasal epithelial cells", "Western blot", "immunofluorescence assay", "time-dependent fashion", "culture supernatants", "translocation", "immunofluorescence analysis", "nuclei", "cytoplasm", "inflammatory mediators" ], "keyword_chains": "'chronic rhinosinusitis' means 'chronische Rhinosinusitis' means 'Sinusitis cr\u00f3nica de la nariz y el pecho' means 'infection chronique du nez et des oreilles' means 'rinosinusite cronica' means 'infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria cr\u00f3nica' means '\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0442'. 'nasal polyps' means 'Nasenpolypen' means 'polipos nasales' means 'polypes nasaux' means 'polipi nasali' means 'p\u00f3lipos nasais' means '\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u044b'. 'the following are considered to be pathophysiological mechanisms:' means 'pathophysiologische Mechanismen' means 'Mecanismos fisiopatol\u00f3gicos' means 'm\u00e9canismes physiopathologiques' means 'meccanismi fisiopatologici' means 'Mecanismos fisiopatol\u00f3gicos' means '\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b'. 'epithelial barrier of the airway' means 'epitheliale Barriere der Atemwege' means 'Barrera epitelial de las v\u00edas respiratorias' means 'barri\u00e8re \u00e9pith\u00e9liale des voies respiratoires' means 'barriera epiteliale delle vie aeree' means 'Barreira epitelial das vias a\u00e9reas' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439'. 'chronic disorders' means 'chronische Erkrankungen' means 'trastornos cr\u00f3nicos' means 'troubles chroniques' means 'disturbi cronici' means 'doen\u00e7as cr\u00f3nicas' means '\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'other' means 'Rhinitis' means 'el tratamiento de la rinitis' means 'Rhinite' means 'rinite' means 'Infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria' means '\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442'. 'nasal polyposis' means 'Nasenpolyposen' means 'poliposis nasal' means 'polyposis nasale' means 'poliposi nasale' means 'polipose nasal' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0437 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430'. 'and asthma' means 'asthma' means 'el asma' means 'asthme' means 'astma' means 'doen\u00e7a respirat\u00f3ria' means '\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043c\u0430'. 'high mobility group box 1' means 'Gruppe mit hoher Mobilit\u00e4t Feld 1' means 'grupo de alta movilidad casilla 1' means 'groupe \u00e0 haute mobilit\u00e9, case 1' means 'gruppo ad alta mobilit\u00e0 casella 1' means 'Grupo de alta mobilidade, caixa 1' means '\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 1'. 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1' means 'HMGB1'. 'induction of airway inflammation' means 'Induktion einer Atemwegsentz\u00fcndung' means 'inducci\u00f3n de la inflamaci\u00f3n de las v\u00edas respiratorias' means 'induction d' une inflammation des voies respiratoires' means 'induzione di infiammazione delle vie aeree' means 'indu\u00e7\u00e3o de inflama\u00e7\u00e3o das vias a\u00e9reas' means '\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439'. 'C.O.P.D.' means 'COPD' means 'Enfermedad cr\u00f3nica obstructiva de la sangre' means 'BPOC' means 'BPCO' means 'DPOC' means '\u0425\u041e\u0411\u041b'. 'lipopolysaccharide derived from pathogens' means 'aus Pathogenen abgeleitete Lipopolysaccharide' means 'lipopolisac\u00e1rido derivado de un pat\u00f3geno' means 'lipopolysaccharide d\u00e9riv\u00e9 d'un agent pathog\u00e8ne' means 'Lipopolisaccaride derivato da agenti patogeni' means 'lipopolissacar\u00eddeo derivado de pat\u00f3geno' means '\u043b\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0434, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432'. 'trigger for inflammation' means 'Ausl\u00f6ser f\u00fcr Entz\u00fcndungen' means 'desencadenante de la inflamaci\u00f3n' means 'd\u00e9clencheur de l'inflammation' means 'fattore scatenante dell'infiammazione' means 'desencadeamento de inflama\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0433\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'molecular dialogue' means 'Molekulare Kommunikation' means 'di\u00e1logo molecular' means 'dialogue mol\u00e9culaire' means 'dialogo molecolare' means 'Di\u00e1logo molecular' means '\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433'. 'delayed inflammatory processes' means 'verz\u00f6gerte Entz\u00fcndungsprozesse' means 'Procesos inflamatorios retrasados' means 'retard des processus inflammatoires' means 'processi infiammatori ritardati' means 'processos inflamat\u00f3rios retardados' means '\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432'. 'Regulation of HMGB1 release' means 'Regulierung der Freisetzung von HMGB1' means 'regulaci\u00f3n de la liberaci\u00f3n de HMGB1' means 'r\u00e9gulation de la lib\u00e9ration de HMGB1' means 'regolazione del rilascio di HMGB1' means 'regula\u00e7\u00e3o da liberta\u00e7\u00e3o de HMGB1' means '\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f HMGB1'. 'epithelial cells' means 'epitheliale Zellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliales' means 'cellules \u00e9pith\u00e9liales' means 'cellule epiteliali' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliais' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'LPS-induced' means 'LPS-induzierte' means 'Inducido por LPS' means 'induite par le LPS' means 'Indotto da LPS' means 'Induzido por LPS' means '\u0412\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 LPS'. 'human nasal epithelial cells' means 'menschliche Nasen-Epithelzellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliales nasales humanas' means 'cellules \u00e9pith\u00e9liales nasales humaines' means 'cellule epiteliali nasali umane' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliais nasais humanas' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430'. 'Primary cultured human nasal epithelial cells' means 'prim\u00e4re kultivierte menschliche Nasen-Epithelzellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliales nasales humanas primarias cultivadas' means 'cellules \u00e9pith\u00e9liales nasales humaines primaires en culture' means 'cellule epiteliali nasali umane primarie in coltura' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliais nasais humanas prim\u00e1rias cultivadas' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430'. 'Western blot' means 'Westlicher Blot' means 'La mancha occidental' means 'Blot de l'ouest' means 'Western blot' means 'Western blot' means '\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0442'. 'immunofluorescence assay' means 'Immunfluoreszenzpr\u00fcfung' means 'ensayo de inmunofluorescencia' means 'analyse par immunofluorescence' means 'prova di immunofluorescenza' means 'ensaio de imunofluoresc\u00eancia' means '\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043b\u0443\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'time-dependent fashion' means 'Zeit-abh\u00e4ngige Mode' means 'moda dependiente del tiempo' means 'mode d\u00e9pendant du temps' means 'moda dipendente dal tempo' means 'moda dependente do tempo' means '\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f-\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c'. 'culture supernatants' means 'Kultur\u00fcberschwemmungsstoffe' means 'Supernatantes de cultivo' means 'surnageurs de culture' means 'supernativi di coltura' means 'Supernatantes de cultura' means '\u041a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430'. 'translocation' means 'Umlagerung' means 'traslado' means 'd\u00e9localisation' means 'traslocazione' means 'transloca\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'immunofluorescence analysis' means 'Immunfluoreszenzanalyse' means 'an\u00e1lisis de inmunofluorescencia' means 'analyse par immunofluorescence' means 'analisi immunofluorescenziale' means 'An\u00e1lise de imunofluoresc\u00eancia' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043b\u0443\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'Other' means 'Kern' means 'N\u00facleos' means 'noyaux' means 'nuclei' means 'N\u00facleos' means '\u042f\u0434\u0440\u0430'. 'cytoplasm' means 'Zytoplasma' means 'citoplasma' means 'le cytoplasme' means 'citoplasma' means 'citoplasma' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430'. 'inflammatory mediators' means 'entz\u00fcndliche Mediatoren' means 'mediadores inflamatorios' means 'm\u00e9diateurs inflammatoires' means 'mediatori infiammatori' means 'mediadores inflamat\u00f3rios' means '\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "40", "en": "The aim of our study was to analyze the ultrasound characteristics of carotid plaques in an outpatient population and to determine their implications for planning the ultrasound follow-up. We studied 747 consecutive outpatients (397 [53%] of whom were women) who underwent color Doppler sonography of the carotid arteries. Most of the patients presented multiple cardiovascular risk factors or were being followed-up for carotid artery stenosis. Stenosis ranging from 1% to 69% was observed at the level of the right internal carotid arteries (ICA) in 419 (56.1%) of the 747 patients and in the left ICA in 408 of 747 (54.5%). One hundred twenty-four (29.5%) of the 419 RICA plaques and 77 (18.8%) of the 408 LICA plaques were classified as type 1 or type 2 according to the modified Gray-Weale classification. Type 1 and type 2 plaques, which are referred to as \"vulnerable plaques,\" were found in 160 (21.4%) of the 747 patients we examined. These patients should be subjected to closer ultrasound follow-up, even if they have only moderate carotid artery stenosis.", "it": "L\u2019obiettivo del nostro lavoro \u00e8 stato quello di analizzare le caratteristiche ecografiche delle placche carotidee di una popolazione di pazienti ambulatoriali e\u00a0proporre le indicazioni per la programmazione dei follow-up ecografici.", "keywords": [ "ultrasound characteristics", "carotid plaques", "outpatient population", "ultrasound follow-up", "color Doppler sonography", "cardiovascular risk factors", "carotid artery stenosis", "stenosis", "right internal carotid arteries", "left internal carotid arteries", "Gray-Weale classification", "vulnerable plaques" ], "keyword_chains": "'ultrasound characteristics' means 'Ultraschall-Eigenschaften' means 'caracter\u00edsticas de los ultrasonidos' means 'caract\u00e9ristiques des ultrasons' means 'caratteristiche degli ultrasuoni' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas dos ultra-som' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438'. 'Cardiovascular disease and other' means 'Schlagaderplaketten' means 'Placas de la car\u00f3tida' means 'plaques de la carotide' means 'placchi carotidici' means 'Placas car\u00f3tidas' means '\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'outpatient population' means 'Ambulante Patienten' means 'poblaci\u00f3n de pacientes ambulatorios' means 'population ambulatoire' means 'popolazione ambulatoriale' means 'popula\u00e7\u00e3o ambulatorial' means '\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'ultrasound follow-up' means 'Ultraschalluntersuchung' means 'seguimiento por ecograf\u00eda' means 'suivi par \u00e9chographie' means 'Ultrasuoni' means 'acompanhamento por ultrassonografia' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'color Doppler sonography or' means 'Farb-Doppler-Sonographie' means 'ecograf\u00eda Doppler de color' means '\u00e9chographie Doppler couleur' means 'ecografia Doppler a colori' means 'ecografia Doppler a cores' means '\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f'. 'cardiovascular risk factors' means 'Herz-Kreislauf-Risikofaktoren' means 'factores de riesgo cardiovascular' means 'facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire' means 'fattori di rischio cardiovascolare' means 'fatores de risco cardiovascular' means '\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439'. 'narrowing of the carotid artery' means 'Schmerzhaut' means 'Estenosis de la arteria car\u00f3tida' means 'st\u00e9nose de l' art\u00e8re carotide' means 'stenosi dell' arteria carotide' means 'Estenose da art\u00e9ria car\u00f3tida' means '\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'stenosis' means 'Stenosen' means 'estenosis' means 'st\u00e9nose' means 'stenosi' means 'estenose' means '\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437'. 'right internal carotid artery' means 'die rechten inneren Halsschlagadern' means 'las arterias car\u00f3tidas internas derechas' means 'art\u00e8res carotides internes \u00e0 droite' means 'arterie carotidiche interne destre' means 'art\u00e9rias car\u00f3tidas internas direitas' means '\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438'. 'left internal carotid artery' means 'Linke innere Halsschlagader' means 'arterias car\u00f3tidas internas izquierdas' means 'art\u00e8res carotides internes gauches' means 'arterie carotidiche interne sinistre' means 'art\u00e9rias car\u00f3tidas internas' means '\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f'. 'The following table shows the number of species of the genus:' means 'Klassifizierung nach Gray-Weale' means 'Clasificaci\u00f3n de Gray-Weale' means 'Classification par Gray-Weale' means 'Classificazione Gray-Weale' means 'Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o Gray-Weale' means '\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0439-\u0423\u044d\u043b\u0430'. 'vulnerable plaques' means 'Schwachstellen' means 'placas vulnerables' means 'plaques vuln\u00e9rables' means 'placche vulnerabili' means 'Placas vulner\u00e1veis' means '\u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u044f\u0448\u043a\u0438'" }, { "id": "41", "en": "To assess the diagnostic utility and additional cost of combined breast ultrasonography and mammography in the evaluation of asymptomatic women with mammographically dense breasts. Of 5108 asymptomatic women, who underwent mammography, 1754 had dense breasts (BI-RADS 3 or 4) and negative mammographic outcome. They were divided in 4 subgroups according to their age (<40 yrs; 40-49 yrs; 50-59 yrs; >59 yrs). Breast ultrasonography was performed immediately after mammography. Lesions detected at ultrasonography were examined cytologically/histologically. Mammograms from women, who were diagnosed carcinoma at ultrasonography, were reviewed by an external radiologist. Costs per diagnosed carcinoma and per examined woman were calculated on the basis of current regional charges. Mammographies (5108) were performed, 67 cancers were detected (cancer detection rate 13.1\u2030): mammography identified 55 carcinomas and ultrasonography performed in women with dense breasts identified 12 cancers (17.9% of all cancers detected, overall cancer detection rate 6.8\u2030). Ultrasonography identified a benign condition in 1567 out of 1754 women (89.3%) (in 925 absence of focal lesions; 438 simple cysts; 56 ductal ectasia; 148 benign solid lesions); 97 complex cysts, 52 lesions that could not be differentiated as liquid or solid lesions, and 38 solid lesions suspicious for malignancy in the remaining 187 out of 1754 patients (10.7%). Cytology/histology confirmed carcinoma in 12 women (overall biopsy rate 26.2\u2030, benign biopsy rate 19.4\u2030). The additional costs were: \u20ac 6,123.45 per detected cancer, \u20ac 41.89 per examined woman. Breast ultrasonography immediately after mammography in women with dense breasts is useful to avoid diagnostic delays and inconvenient medico-legal implications even though this procedure involves increased costs.", "it": "Sommario SCOPO: Valutare utilit\u00e0 diagnostica e costi aggiuntivi dell'associazione dell'ecografia mammaria alla mammografia nella valutazione di donne asintomatiche con seno denso. MATERIALI E METODI: Di 5108 donne asintomatiche sottoposte a mammografia, 1754 con mammografia negativa e seno denso (BI-RADS 3 o 4) suddivise in 4 gruppi di et\u00e0 (<40; 40\u201349; 50\u201359; >59 anni) hanno effettuato immediatamente l'ecografia. Le alterazioni rilevate ecograficamente sono state verificate con esame cito/istologico. Le mammografie dei carcinomi diagnosticati ecograficamente sono state rivalutate da un radiologo esterno. I costi per carcinoma diagnosticato e donna esaminata sono stati calcolati in base alle tariffe regionali. RISULTATI: Su 5108 mammografie sono stati riscontrati 67 carcinomi (tasso diagnostico di carcinoma 13,1\u2030): la mammografia ne ha riconosciuti 55; l'ecografia eseguita nelle donne con seno denso 12 (17,9% del totale, tasso diagnostico globale 6,8\u2030). L'ecografia ha evidenziato: quadri di benignit\u00e0 in 1567/1754 donne (89,3%) (925 assenza di lesioni focali; 438 cisti semplici; 56 ectasie duttali; 148 lesioni solide benigne); 97 cisti complesse, 52 lesioni che non \u00e8 stato possibile ulteriormente differenziare in lesioni cistiche o solide e 38 lesioni solide sospette per malignit\u00e0 nelle restanti 187/1754 pazienti (10,7%). L'esame cito/istologico ha confermato la presenza di 12 carcinomi (tasso bioptico globale 26,2 \u2030 e tasso di biopsie benigne 19,4\u2030). I costi aggiuntivi sono risultati: \u20ac 6123,45 per carcinoma diagnosticato, \u20ac 41,89 per donna esaminata. CONCLUSIONE: L'esecuzione immediata dell'ecografia dopo la mammografia in donne con seni densi, seppure non scevra da un aumento dei prezzi complessivi, \u00e8 utile per evitare ritardi diagnostici e spiacevoli contenziosi medico\u2013legali.", "keywords": [ "diagnostic utility", "mammographically dense breasts", "asymptomatic women", "BI-RADS", "cytologically/histologically", "external radiologist", "regional charges", "cancer detection rate", "benign condition", "absence of focal lesions", "ductal ectasia", "benign solid lesions", "complex cysts", "differentiated as liquid or solid lesions", "suspicious for malignancy", "cytology/histology", "biopsy rate", "medico-legal implications" ], "keyword_chains": "'diagnostic utility' means 'Diagnose n\u00fctzlich' means 'utilidad de diagn\u00f3stico' means 'utilit\u00e9 diagnostique' means 'utilit\u00e0 diagnostica' means 'Utilidade de diagn\u00f3stico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'mammographically dense breasts' means 'Mammographisch dichte Br\u00fcste' means 'mamos con una densidad mamogr\u00e1fica' means 'mamelles denses au niveau mammographique' means 'mammografia di seno denso' means 'mamas com densidade mamogr\u00e1fica' means '\u043c\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438'. 'women with no symptoms' means 'Frauen ohne Symptome' means 'mujeres asintom\u00e1ticas' means 'femmes asymptomatiques' means 'donne asintomatiche' means 'mulheres assintom\u00e1ticas' means '\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432'. 'Other, of a kind used in motor vehicles' means 'B-RADS' means 'Los dem\u00e1s sistemas de control de la velocidad' means 'Les deux roues' means 'Bi-RADS' means 'BI-RADS' means 'BI-RADS'. 'cytologically/histologically' means 'Zytologisch/histologisch' means 'citol\u00f3gica/histol\u00f3gica' means 'cytologiquement/histologiquement' means 'citologicamente/istologicamente' means 'citol\u00f3gica/histol\u00f3gica' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438/\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438'. 'external radiologist' means 'externer Radiologe' means 'radi\u00f3logo externo' means 'radiologue externe' means 'radiologo esterno' means 'radiologista externo' means '\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433'. 'regional charges' means 'Regionalgeb\u00fchren' means 'Impuestos regionales' means 'taxes r\u00e9gionales' means 'tasse regionali' means 'taxas regionais' means '\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b'. 'rate of cancer detection' means 'Krebserkrankungen' means 'tasa de detecci\u00f3n de c\u00e1ncer' means 'taux de d\u00e9tection du cancer' means 'tasso di rilevazione del cancro' means 'taxa de detec\u00e7\u00e3o de cancro' means '\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0430'. 'benign condition' means 'gutartiger Zustand' means 'condici\u00f3n benigna' means 'affection b\u00e9nigne' means 'condizione benigna' means 'condi\u00e7\u00e3o benigna' means '\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'absence of focal lesions' means 'Abwesenheit von Brennpunktl\u00e4sionen' means 'ausencia de lesiones focales' means 'absence de l\u00e9sions focales' means 'assenza di lesioni focali' means 'aus\u00eancia de les\u00f5es focais' means '\u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439'. 'ductal ectasia' means 'Ductalektasie' means 'ectasia ductal' means 'ectasie ductale' means 'ectasia duttale' means 'ectasia ductal' means '\u0414\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438\u044f'. 'benign solid lesions or' means 'gutartige Festk\u00f6rperl\u00e4sionen' means 'lesiones s\u00f3lidas benignas' means 'l\u00e9sions solides b\u00e9nignes' means 'lesioni solide benigne' means 'les\u00f5es s\u00f3lidas benignas' means '\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'complex cysts' means 'Komplexe Zysten' means 'quistes complejos' means 'cystes complexes' means 'cisti complesse' means 'quistos complexos' means '\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b'. 'differentiated as liquid or solid lesions' means 'Differenziert als fl\u00fcssige oder feste L\u00e4sionen' means 'diferenciadas como lesiones l\u00edquidas o s\u00f3lidas' means 'diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es en l\u00e9sions liquides ou solides' means 'differenziate come lesioni liquide o solide' means 'diferenciadas como les\u00f5es l\u00edquidas ou s\u00f3lidas' means '\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'suspected of malignancy' means 'Verdacht auf Malignit\u00e4t' means 'sospechosos de malignidad' means 'soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 d'une tumeur maligne' means 'sospetto di tumore maligno' means 'suspeita de malignidade' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c'. 'Cytology and histology' means 'Zytologie/Histologie' means 'citolog\u00eda/histolog\u00eda' means 'cytologie/histologie' means 'citologia/istologia' means 'citologia/histologia' means '\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f/\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'rate of biopsy' means 'Biopsie' means 'tasa de biopsia' means 'taux de biopsie' means 'tasso di biopsia' means 'taxa de bi\u00f3psia' means '\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0438'. 'medical and legal implications' means 'Rechtsmedizinische Auswirkungen' means 'Consecuencias m\u00e9dico-legales' means 'cons\u00e9quences m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gales' means 'implicazioni medico-legali' means 'Implica\u00e7\u00f5es m\u00e9dico-legais' means '\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "42", "en": "The aim of this monocentric retrospective study was to investigate the relation between sarcopenia, postoperative complications and survival in patients undergoing radical surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). From a prospective collected database of 230 consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies (PD), data regarding patient's body composition, evaluated on diagnostic preoperative CT scans and defined as Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI) and Intramuscular Adipose Tissue Content (IMAC), postoperative complications and long-term outcomes were retrospectively analysed. Descriptive and survival analyses were performed. Sarcopenia was found in 66% of study population. The majority of patients who developed at least one postoperative complication was sarcopenic. However, sarcopenia did not statistically significantly relate with the development of postoperative complications. However, all pancreatic fistula C occurs in sarcopenic patients. Moreover, there was no significant difference in median Overall Survival (OS) and Disease Free Survival (DFS) between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic patients (31 versus 31.8 months and 12.9 and 11.1 months respectively). Our results showed that sarcopenia was not related to short- and long-term outcomes in PDAC patients undergoing PD. However, the quantitative and qualitative radiological parameters are probably not enough to study the sarcopenia alone. The majority of early stage PDAC patients undergoing PD were sarcopenic. Cancer stage was a determinant factor of sarcopenia while BMI seems less important. In our study, sarcopenia was associated with postoperative complications and in particular with pancreatic fistula. Further studies will need to demonstrated that sarcopenia can be considered an objective measure of patient frailty and strongly associated with short- and long-term outcomes. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Pancretoduodenectomy, Sarcopenia.", "it": "La sarcopenia nei pazienti oncologici, intesa in termini di atrofia del muscolo scheletrico, potrebbe rappresentare un valido parametro per oggettivare la fragilit\u00e0 e predire i risultati a breve e lungo termine indipendentemente da fattori tumore-specifici. La sarcopenia \u00e8 stata recentemente riconosciuta come la componente principale della cachessia neoplastica, molto diffusa nei pazienti affetti da adenocarcinoma duttale del pancreas: fino all\u201980% di essi presenta un grave stato cachettico al momento del decesso. Tuttavia, il suo reale impatto prognostico non \u00e8 stato chiaramente definito. Questo studio retrospettivo monocentrico si propone di investigare la correlazione tra lo stato sarcopenico, le complicanze postoperatorie e la sopravvivenza nei pazienti sottoposti a duodenocefalopancreasectomia per adenocarcinoma duttale della testa del pancreas. In accordo con la letteratura, si \u00e8 osservato come la maggior parte dei pazienti che hanno sviluppato almeno una complicanza postoperatoria, infettiva e/o chirurgica, presentasse un quadro radiologico di sarcopenia. Tuttavia, non \u00e8 stata documentata una correlazione statisticamente significativa tra la sarcopenia e le complicanze postoperatorie, n\u00e9 con gli outcomes di sopravvivenza. I nostri risultati hanno mostrato che la sarcopenia preoperatoria non sia un fattore in grado di condizionare n\u00e9 l\u2019indicazione all\u2019intervento chirurgico n\u00e9 gli outcomes a breve e lungo termine in questi pazienti. D\u2019altra parte, la sarcopenia non pu\u00f2 essere studiata unicamente mediante parametri radiologici, siano essi quantitativi e/o qualitativi. Infatti, la sua determinazione non pu\u00f2 prescindere da caratteristiche cliniche e funzionali, soprattutto in pazienti oncologici. In futuro studi prospettici su larga casistica potranno definire pi\u00f9 accuratamente l\u2019effettivo ruolo della sarcopenia preoperatoria sugli outcomes a breve e lungo termine integrando allo studio radiologico la valutazione dell\u2019aspetto funzionale.", "keywords": [ "monocentric", "retrospective", "sarcopenia", "postoperative complications", "pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma", "pancreatoduodenectomies", "Skeletal Muscle Index", "Intramuscular Adipose Tissue Content", "Overall Survival", "Disease Free Survival", "quantitative", "qualitative", "radiological parameters", "determinant factor", "BMI", "pancreatic fistula" ], "keyword_chains": "'monocentric' means 'monzentrisch' means 'monoc\u00e9ntrico' means 'monocentrique' means 'monocentrico' means 'monoc\u00eantrico' means '\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f'. 'the following paragraph is added:' means 'R\u00fcckblickend' means 'retrospectiva' means 'r\u00e9trospective' means 'retrospettiva' means 'retrospectiva' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'other' means 'Schmerz' means 'La enfermedad de la piel' means 'Sarcop\u00e9nie' means 'sarcopenia' means 'sarcopenia' means '\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'postoperative complications' means 'postoperative Komplikationen' means 'complicaciones postoperatorias' means 'complications postop\u00e9ratoires' means 'complicazioni post-operatorie' means 'complica\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma' means 'Adenokarzinom des Pankreaskanals' means 'Adenocarcinoma del conducto pancre\u00e1tico' means 'ad\u00e9nocarcinome ductal du pancr\u00e9as' means 'adenocarcinoma del condotto pancreatico' means 'Adenocarcinoma do ducto pancre\u00e1tico' means '\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'pancreatoduodenectomies' means 'Pankreatoduodenektomien' means 'Enfermedades de las muestras' means 'pancr\u00e9atoduod\u00e9n\u00e9ctomies' means 'pancreatoduodenectomie' means 'pancreatoduodenotomias' means '\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'Scale of skeletal muscle' means 'Skelettmuskelindex' means '\u00cdndice de m\u00fasculo esquel\u00e9tico' means 'Indice de la masse musculaire squelettique' means 'Indice di massa muscolare scheletrica' means '\u00cdndice de m\u00fasculo esquel\u00e9tico' means '\u0418\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u0446\u044b'. 'The following table shows the total number of patients with the disease:' means 'Intramuskul\u00e4rer Fettgewebeanteil' means 'Contenido de tejido adiposo intramuscular' means 'Contenu de tissu adipeux intramusculaire' means 'Contenuto di tessuto adiposo intramuscolare' means 'Tecido adiposo intramuscular' means '\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438'. 'Overall Survival' means 'Gesamt\u00fcberlebensrate' means 'Sobrevivencia general' means 'Survie globale' means 'Sopravvivenza complessiva' means 'Sobreviv\u00eancia Geral' means '\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445'. 'Survival without Disease' means 'Krankheitsfreies \u00dcberleben' means 'Sobrevivencia libre de enfermedades' means 'La survie sans maladie' means 'Sopravvivenza senza malattie' means 'Sobreviv\u00eancia livre de doen\u00e7as' means '\u0412\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0439'. 'the quantitative' means 'quantitativ' means 'de las' means 'de la quantit\u00e9' means 'quantitativo' means 'de car\u00e1cter quantitativo' means '\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'qualitative' means 'qualitativ' means 'cualitativo' means 'qualitative' means 'qualitativo' means 'qualitativa' means '\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'radiological parameters' means 'Radiologische Parameter' means 'Par\u00e1metros radiol\u00f3gicos' means 'param\u00e8tres radiologiques' means 'parametri radiologici' means 'Par\u00e2metros radiol\u00f3gicos' means '\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b'. 'determining factor' means 'bestimmender Faktor' means 'factor determinante' means 'facteur d\u00e9terminant' means 'fattore determinante' means 'fator determinante' means '\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440'. 'BMI' means 'BMI' means 'IMC' means 'Indice de masse corporelle' means 'IMC' means 'IMC' means '\u0418\u041c\u0422'. 'pancreatic fistula' means 'Pankreasfistel' means 'Fistula pancre\u00e1tica' means 'Fistule pancr\u00e9atique' means 'fistola pancreatica' means 'f\u00edstula pancre\u00e1tica' means '\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'" }, { "id": "43", "en": "Pancreatic surgery e pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a potentially fatal sequela with substantial morbidity and mortality. POPF incidence and risk factors vary. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of patients with pancreatic fistula (PF) from patients undergoing various pancreatic surgeries for different pancreatic diseases. A retrospective observational study was conducted in the surgical unit of our university hospitals from July 2014 to July 2019. Three hundred forty-seven patients were admitted with a clinical diagnosis of pancreatic fistula following both open and laparoscopic approaches for pancreatic benign and malignant tumors. The most prevalent age was >60 years (67%), with a male predominance (83%). The most common diagnosis before surgery was pancreatic head adenocarcinoma (32%), followed by duodenal neoplasm (19%) and true epithelial pancreatic cystic neoplasms (18%), ampullary neoplasms (15%), bile duct neoplasms (12%), neuroendocrine neoplasms (2%), and chronic pancreatitis (2%). The most prevalent site of the pancreatic tumor was the head (87%), while accompanied Jaundice (47%) and epigastric discomfort (37%) were the commonest presentations before surgery. Pancreatic duct diameter greater than 3 mm was present in 208 patients (60%), tumor size greater than 3 cm in 63%, hard pancreatic texture in 67%, and preoperative ERCP with a stent in 37% of cases. Tumor in the tail of the pancreas was found in 5% (17 patients) of cases. The commonest operations performed were open pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, open pancreaticoduodenectomy without pylorus-preserving, and open distal pancreatectomy with splenic preservation. Postoperative pancreatic fistula occurred in 8% of cases (27), with ISPGF grade A (biochemical leak) occurring in 17 patients (17/27) and clinically significant POPF occurring in 10 patients (10/27). POPF occurred in 13 patients after distal pancreatectomy, 11 patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, two cases followed central pancreatectomy, and one. Grade B after pancreaticoduodenectomy and two after distal pancreatectomy. Grade C POPF occurred in four patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy but not after distal pancreatectomy. Age >55 (p=0.00), male (p=0.03), presence of symptom (p=0.0008), location at Head of the pancreas (p=0.0004), elevated CA19-9 (p=0.0004), jaundice (p=0.0001) and pancreatic texture (p=0.00**). Pancreatic fistula occurred in 27 patients (8%), a comparatively low incidence. POPF was linked to age, Jaundice, gender, pancreatic head cancer, symptoms, high CA 19-9, jaundice, and a soft pancreas. POPF incidence was higher after distal pancreatectomy, whereas POPF severity was higher after pancreaticoduodenectomy KEY WORDS: Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Pancreatic Fistula, Pancreatic Resection, Postoperative Complications.", "it": "La fistola pancreatica postoperatoria \u00e8 complicanza molto grave caratterizzata da rilevante morbidit\u00e0 e da mortalit\u00e0. Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 valutare l\u2019incidenza e i fattori di rischio di fistola pancreatica in pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia pancreatica per varie patologie. Lo studio osservazionale retrospettivo \u00e8 stato condotto nelle unit\u00e0 chirurgiche degli Ospedali della nostra Universit\u00e0 dal luglio 2014 al luglio 2019. Sono stati studiati 347 pazienti con la diagnosi di fistola pancreatica in seguito ad interventi chirurgici, con approccio open e laparoscopico, per patologie pancreatiche. Le diagnosi preoperatorie pi\u00f9 frequenti in questa serie sono state adenocarcinoma pancreatico (32%), neoplasie duodenali (19%), neoplasie pancreatiche cistiche (18%); vi era inoltre prevalenza dell\u2019et\u00e0 superiore ai 60 anni (67%) e del sesso maschile (83%). La sezione pancreatica maggiormente interessata dalla patologia \u00e8 stata la testa (87%), condizione clinica accompagnata da ittero (47%) e da epigastralgia (37%). Il dotto pancreatico con diametro maggiore di 3 mm era presente in 208 pazienti (60%), tumori pi\u00f9 grandi di 3 cm nel 63% e tessuto pancreatico duro nel 67% dei casi; \u00e8 stato posizionato lo stent biliare preoperatorio con ERCP nel 37% dei casi. La localizzazione di lesione nella coda del pancreas \u00e8 stata registrata nel 5% dei casi (17 pazienti). Le procedure operatorie, con approccio open, comunemente poste in atto sono state la pancreatico-duodenectomia con conservazione e senza conservazione del piloro, la pancreasectomia distale con conservazione della milza. La fistola pancreatica postoperatoria si \u00e8 verificata nell\u20198% dei casi (27 pazienti) con grado A (biochemical leak - ISPGF) in 17 pazienti e con manifestazione clinicamente significativa in 10 pazienti. La fistola pancreatica postoperatoria \u00e8 comparsa in 13 pazienti dopo pancreasectomia distale con manifestazione clinica di grado B in 2 casi, mentre \u00e8 stata registrata in 11 casi dopo pancreatico- duodenectomia, ma con grado B in 4 pazienti e con grado C in altri 4. La valutazione dei fattori di rischio nel nostro studio ha prodotto questi risultati: et\u00e0 > 55 (p=0.00), sesso maschile (p=0.03), presenza di sintomi (p=0.0008), localizzazione testa pancreas (p=0.0004), CA 19-9 elevato (p=0.0004), ittero (p=0.0001) e tessuto pancreatico (p=0.00**). Frequenza della fistola pancreatica meno elevata (8%) nel confronto con dati della letteratura. La fistola pancreatica postoperatoria risulta connessa con et\u00e0, genere, presenza di sintomi, localizzazione testa pancreas, CA 19-9 elevato, ittero e tessuto pancreatico soffice. L\u2019incidenza della complicanza \u00e8 stata pi\u00f9 alta dopo pancreasectomia distale, ma con gravit\u00e0 clinica maggiore dopo pancreatico-duodenectomia.", "keywords": [ "Pancreatic surgery", "pancreatic fistula", "POPF", "morbidity", "mortality", "incidence", "risk factors", "retrospective observational study", "pancreatic diseases", "benign tumors", "malignant tumors", "adenocarcinoma", "duodenal neoplasm", "epithelial pancreatic cystic neoplasms", "ampullary neoplasms", "bile duct neoplasms", "neuroendocrine neoplasms", "chronic pancreatitis", "jaundice", "epigastric discomfort", "pancreatic duct diameter", "tumor size", "pancreatic texture", "preoperative ERCP", "pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy", "distal pancreatectomy", "ISPGF grade A", "clinically significant POPF", "Grade B", "Grade C", "CA19-9", "soft pancreas", "postoperative complications" ], "keyword_chains": "'Surgery of the pancreas' means 'Operationen an der Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse' means 'Cirug\u00eda de p\u00e1ncreas' means 'Chirurgie du pancr\u00e9as' means 'Chirurgia del pancreas' means 'Cirurgia do p\u00e2ncreas' means '\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0435'. 'pancreatic fistula' means 'Pankreasfistel' means 'Fistula pancre\u00e1tica' means 'Fistule pancr\u00e9atique' means 'fistola pancreatica' means 'f\u00edstula pancre\u00e1tica' means '\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'Other' means 'POPF' means 'FAPO' means 'Le produit est d\u00e9riv\u00e9 de:' means 'FCPU' means 'FOPOP' means '\u041f\u041e\u041f\u0424'. 'morbidity and' means 'Krankheitsrate' means 'enfermedad' means 'morbidit\u00e9' means 'morbilit\u00e0' means 'Morbidade' means '\u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'death rate' means 'Sterblichkeit' means 'mortalidad' means 'mortalit\u00e9' means 'mortalit\u00e0' means 'Mortalidade' means '\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'incidence of' means 'Inzidenz' means 'incidencia de la enfermedad' means 'fr\u00e9quence' means 'incidenza' means 'incid\u00eancia' means '\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430'. 'other risk factors' means 'Risikofaktoren' means 'factores de riesgo' means 'facteurs de risque' means 'fattori di rischio' means 'fatores de risco' means '\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430'. 'retrospective observational study, including' means 'R\u00fcckblickende Beobachtungsstudie' means 'estudio observacional retrospectivo' means '\u00e9tude d'observation r\u00e9trospective' means 'studio osservazionale retrospettivo' means 'estudo observacional retrospectivo' means '\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'pancreatic diseases' means 'Krankheiten der Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse' means 'Enfermedades del p\u00e1ncreas' means 'maladies du pancr\u00e9as' means 'malattie del pancreas' means 'doen\u00e7as pancre\u00e1ticas' means '\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'benign tumors' means 'gutartige Tumoren' means 'tumores benignos' means 'tumeurs b\u00e9nignes' means 'tumori benigni' means 'tumores benignos' means '\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'other' means 'b\u00f6sartige Tumoren' means 'tumores malignos' means 'tumeurs malignes' means 'tumori maligni' means 'tumores malignos' means '\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'other' means 'Adenokarzinom' means 'En el caso de los pacientes con' means 'ad\u00e9nocarcinome' means 'adenocarcinoma' means 'Adenocarcinoma' means '\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430'. 'other' means 'Neoplasmen der Zw\u00f6lfz\u00fcnglinge' means 'Neoplasia del duodeno' means 'n\u00e9oplasme duod\u00e9nal' means 'neoplasia duodenale' means 'Neoplasia do duodeno' means '\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438'. 'epithelial pancreatic cystic neoplasms' means 'epitheliale Pankreas- zystische Neoplasmen' means 'Neoplasia epitelial pancre\u00e1tica qu\u00edstica' means 'n\u00e9oplasmes cystes pancr\u00e9atiques \u00e9pith\u00e9liaux' means 'neoplasie cistiche epiteliali pancreatiche' means 'neoplasias c\u00edsticas pancre\u00e1ticas epiteliais' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'Neoplasms of the ampulla' means 'Ampullarneoplasmen' means 'Neoplasmas ampullares y de las' means 'n\u00e9oplasmes ampullaires' means 'neoplasie ampulari' means 'neoplasias ampullares' means '\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'gall duct neoplasms' means 'Neoplasmen der Galleng\u00e4nge' means 'Neoplasia de las v\u00edas biliares' means 'n\u00e9oplasmes du canal biliaire' means 'neoplasie del dotto biliare' means 'neoplasias do ducto biliar' means '\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430'. 'Neuroendocrine neoplasms and other' means 'Neuroendokrine Neoplasmen' means 'Neoplasmas neuroendocrinas' means 'n\u00e9oplasmes neuroendocrines' means 'neoplasie neuroendocrine' means 'neoplasias neuroend\u00f3crinas' means '\u041d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'chronic pancreatitis' means 'chronische Pankreatitis' means 'Enfermedad cr\u00f3nica del p\u00e1ncreas' means 'pancr\u00e9atite chronique' means 'pancreatite cronica' means 'pancreatite cr\u00f3nica' means '\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442'. 'yellow fever' means 'Gelbsucht' means 'el ictericia' means 'jaunisse' means 'ictericia' means 'icter\u00edcia' means '\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0445\u0430'. 'epigastric discomfort' means 'epigastrische Beschwerden' means 'molestias epig\u00e1stricas' means 'douleurs \u00e9pigastriques' means 'disagio epigastrico' means 'desconforto epig\u00e1strico' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442'. 'Pancreatic duct diameter' means 'Durchmesser des Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcsenkanals' means 'di\u00e1metro del conducto pancre\u00e1tico' means 'diam\u00e8tre du canal pancr\u00e9atique' means 'diametro del condotto pancreatico' means 'di\u00e2metro do ducto pancre\u00e1tico' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430'. 'size of the tumor' means 'Tumorgr\u00f6\u00dfe' means 'tama\u00f1o del tumor' means 'taille de la tumeur' means 'dimensione del tumore' means 'tamanho do tumor' means '\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'pancreatic texture' means 'Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcsenstruktur' means 'textura pancre\u00e1tica' means 'texture pancr\u00e9atique' means 'tessuto pancreatico' means 'textura pancre\u00e1tica' means '\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u044b'. 'preoperative ERCP' means 'Voroperative ERCP' means 'ERCP preoperatorio' means 'le PECR pr\u00e9op\u00e9ratoire' means 'ERCP preoperatorio' means 'ERCP pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 ERCP'. 'The following table summarizes the results of the tests:' means 'Pylorus-erhaltende Pankreas-Duodenektomie' means 'La dosis de la sustancia debe ser igual a la dosis de la sustancia en el d\u00eda.' means 'pancr\u00e9atoduod\u00e9n\u00e9ctomie conservatrice du pylore' means 'pancreaticoduodenectomia preservativa del piloro' means 'Pneumot\u00f3rax com preserva\u00e7\u00e3o do piloro' means '\u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0443\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u044d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0438'. 'distal pancreatectomy' means 'Pankreatektomie der distalen Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse' means 'pancreatectom\u00eda distal' means 'pancr\u00e9atectomie distale' means 'pancreatectomia distale' means 'Pancreatectomia distal' means '\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f'. 'The following table shows the total number of shares issued:' means 'ISPGF-Klasse A' means 'Grado A de las FIPG' means 'Le groupe ISPGF' means 'Grado A' means 'Grade A do FISG' means '\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 ISPGF A'. 'clinically significant POPF' means 'klinisch signifikante POPF' means 'FOPOP cl\u00ednicamente significativo' means 'FOPP cliniquement significatif' means 'FOPO clinicamente significativo' means 'FOPOP clinicamente significativo' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u041f\u041e\u041f\u0424'. 'Grade B' means 'Klasse B' means 'Grado B' means 'de qualit\u00e9 B' means 'Grado B' means 'Grau B' means '\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 B'. 'Grade C' means 'Klasse C' means 'Grado C' means 'Classe C' means 'Grado C' means 'Grau C' means '\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c C'. 'Other assets' means 'CA19-9' means 'Las dem\u00e1s cuentas' means 'CA19-9 (Autres actifs)' means 'CA19-9' means 'CA19-9' means 'CA19-9'. 'soft pancreas' means 'weiche Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse' means 'P\u00e1ncreas blando' means 'pancr\u00e9as mou' means 'pancreas morbido' means 'P\u00e2ncreas mole' means '\u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0430'. 'postoperative complications' means 'postoperative Komplikationen' means 'complicaciones postoperatorias' means 'complications postop\u00e9ratoires' means 'complicazioni post-operatorie' means 'complica\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00f3s- operacionais' means '\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "44", "en": "Gastrointestinal duplication cyst is a rare congenital anomaly that may occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract from the tongue to the anus. Such cysts occur most commonly in the small bowel and about half are in the mesenteric border of the ileum. Such cystic duplications communicate only rarely with the intestinal lumen although the cysts are attached to the intestine and may even share a common wall with the adjacent alimentary tract. These lesions can vary in shape, being cystic or tubular, and often show the same structure of the adjacent normal bowel. It is usually asymptomatic and complications are rare but they may include obstruction by volvulus or intussusception, bleeding, infection, and perforation. When diagnosed these lesions should be surgically resected to avoid future possible complications. The authors present a case of enteric cystic duplication and its ultrasound appearance in a 12-month-old Caucasian female infant cause of acute abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction, thus requiring urgent surgery.", "it": "La duplicazione digestiva \u00e8 una rara anomalia congenita che pu\u00f2 essere localizzata in ogni tratto del canale digestivo, dalla base della lingua all\u2019ano. Si riconoscono pi\u00f9 comunemente nel piccolo intestino e circa la met\u00e0 sono a localizzazione ileale. Comunicano solo raramente con il lume intestinale spesso stabilendo intimo contatto con il canale alimentare adiacente con condivisione di parete. Pu\u00f2 mostrare forma cistica o tubolare e tipicamente mostra la stessa struttura delle viscere normale adiacente. Di solito \u00e8 asintomatica e le complicanze sono rare ma possono includere occlusione da volvolo o da invaginazione, emorragie, infezioni, e perforazione. Quando diagnosticata, questa lesione deve essere asportata chirurgicamente per evitare in futuro possibili complicazioni. Gli Autori presentano un caso di duplicazione di tipo cistico dell\u2019ileo terminale e le sue caratteristiche ecografiche osservate in una infante di 12 mesi giunta alla nostra attenzione con dolore addominale acuto ed occlusione intestinale, che ha richiesto successivo intervento chirurgico in regime di urgenza.", "keywords": [ "gastrointestinal duplication cyst", "congenital anomaly", "mesenteric border", "ileum", "intestinal lumen", "cystic duplications", "alimentary tract", "asymptomatic", "volvulus", "intussusception", "perforation", "enteric cystic duplication", "ultrasound appearance", "acute abdominal pain", "intestinal obstruction" ], "keyword_chains": "'gastrointestinal duplication cyst' means 'Gastrointestinale Duplikationszysten' means 'quiste de duplicaci\u00f3n gastrointestinal' means 'cystite de duplication gastro-intestinale' means 'cisti di duplicazione gastrointestinale' means 'Cisto de duplica\u00e7\u00e3o gastrointestinal' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430'. 'congenital anomaly' means 'angeborene Anomalie' means 'anomal\u00eda cong\u00e9nita' means 'anomalie cong\u00e9nitale' means 'anomalia congenita' means 'anomalia cong\u00eanita' means '\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f'. 'mesenteric border' means 'Mesenteriumsgrenze' means 'l\u00edmite mesent\u00e9rico' means 'fronti\u00e8re m\u00e9sent\u00e9rique' means 'confine mesentrico' means 'Fronteira mesent\u00e9rica' means '\u043c\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430'. 'the ileum' means 'Sch\u00e4del' means 'el \u00edleon' means 'le ileum' means 'illio' means '\u00edleo' means '\u0418\u043b\u0435\u0443\u043c'. 'intestinal lumen' means 'Darmleucht' means 'lumen intestinal' means 'lumen intestinal' means 'lumen intestinale' means 'L\u00famen intestinal' means '\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'cyst duplications' means 'Zystische Duplikationen' means 'duplicaciones qu\u00edsticas' means 'doublons cystiques' means 'duplicazioni cistiche' means 'duplica\u00e7\u00f5es c\u00edsticas' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'digestive tract' means 'Verdauungstrakt' means 'el tracto digestivo' means 'le tractus digestif' means 'tratto alimentare' means 'sistema digestivo' means '\u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442'. 'asymptomatic' means 'asymptomatisch' means 'Sin s\u00edntomas' means 'sans sympt\u00f4mes' means 'asintomatico' means 'Asintom\u00e1tico' means '\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'and' means 'Schmerzflecken' means 'el volvulus' means 'le volvulus' means 'di volvulus' means 'vulvulus' means '\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0441'. 'in the' means 'Intususception' means 'en el caso de la inusucepci\u00f3n' means 'dans le cas d' une insuffisance' means 'intussuscepzione' means 'Insucesso' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'perforated' means 'Perforation' means 'Perforaci\u00f3n' means 'perforation' means 'perforazione' means 'perfura\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'enteric cystic duplication' means 'entereusische zystische Duplikation' means 'duplicaci\u00f3n qu\u00edstica ent\u00e9rica' means 'doublon cyste ent\u00e9rique' means 'duplicazione cistica enterico' means 'duplica\u00e7\u00e3o c\u00edstica ent\u00e9rica' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442'. 'ultrasound appearance' means 'Ultraschall-Aussehen' means 'aspecto de la ecograf\u00eda' means 'apparence \u00e9chographique' means 'apparenza ecografica' means 'apar\u00eancia de ultra-som' means '\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434'. 'acute abdominal pain' means 'akute Bauchschmerzen' means 'dolor abdominal agudo' means 'douleurs abdominales aigu\u00ebs' means 'dolore addominale acuto' means 'dor abdominal aguda' means '\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0435'. 'intestinal obstruction' means 'Darmverschluss' means 'Obstrucci\u00f3n intestinal' means 'obstruction intestinale' means 'ostruzione intestinale' means 'obstru\u00e7\u00e3o intestinal' means '\u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'" }, { "id": "45", "en": "The aim of this study is to emphasiz technique in the treatment ofe the importance of DISE in the treatment of OSAS and to evaluate the effectiviness of surgical treatment methods in patients who have undergone OSAS Surgery. Patients with OSAS were evaluated using preoperative and postoperative Epworth Sleepiness Scale results and preoperative and postoperative sixth month polysomnography (PSG) results. All patients had a DISE preoperatively to assess the upper airway and to decide the surgical approach. There were 44 men (78.6%) and 12 women (21.4%) included in the study. According to the preoperative the Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 19 (33.9%) patients were mild OSAS, 19 (33.9%) were severe OSAS and 18 (32.2%) were moderate OSAS. According to the postoperative AHI, 24 (42.9%) patients had only simple snoring. Postoperatively there were 20 (35.7%) mild OSAS, 7 (12.5%) moderate OSAS and (8.9%) severe OSAS detected. When comparing preoperative and postoperative AHI, the greatest decrease was observed in the combined oropharynx and tongue base surgery group. OSAS is a disease caused by multiple levels of obstruction. The results of this study show a small, statistically significant reduction in the AHI after combined oropharynx and tongue base surgery. Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndroma, Polysomnography.", "it": "Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 di sottolineare l\u2019importanza della DISE nel trattamento dell\u2019OSAS e valutare l\u2019efficacia dei metodi di trattamento chirurgico nei pazienti che hanno subito un intervento chirurgico OSAS. Sono stati valutati 56 pazienti con OSAS utilizzando i risultati della scala di sonnolenza di Epworth preoperatoria e postoperatoria e i risultati della polisonnografia del sesto mese (PSG) preoperatoria e postoperatoria. Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti a DISE prima dell\u2019intervento per valutare le vie aeree superiori e decidere l\u2019approccio chirurgico. I pazienti inclusi nello studio sono stati 44 uomini (78,6%) e 12 donne (21,4%). Secondo l\u2019indice di apneaipopnea (AHI) preoperatorio, 19 (33,9%) pazienti presentavano OSAS lieve, 19 (33,9%) OSAS grave e 18 (32,2%) OSAS moderata. Secondo l\u2019AHI postoperatorio, 24 (42,9%) pazienti avevano solo russamento semplice. Dopo l\u2019intervento sono state rilevate 20 OSAS lievi (35,7%), 7 OSAS moderate (12,5%) e OSAS gravi (8,9%). Confrontando l\u2019AHI preoperatoria e postoperatoria, la diminuzione maggiore \u00e8 stata osservata nel gruppo di chirurgia combinata dell\u2019orofaringe e della base della lingua. CONCLUSIONI: L\u2019OSAS \u00e8 una malattia causata da pi\u00f9 livelli di ostruzione. I risultati di questo studio mostrano una piccola riduzione statisticamente significativa dell\u2019AHI dopo chirurgia combinata dell\u2019orofaringe e della base della lingua.", "keywords": [ "DISE", "OSAS", "effectiviness", "Apnea-hypopnea index", "AHI", "polysomnography", "combined oropharynx and tongue base surgery", "Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy", "Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndroma" ], "keyword_chains": "'DISE and' means 'DISE' means 'DISE (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'DISE (d\u00e9sign\u00e9 sous le nom de' means 'DISE' means 'DISE' means '\u0414\u0418\u0421\u0415'. 'Other' means 'OSAS' means 'OSAS (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'Les OSAS' means 'OSAS' means 'OSAS' means '\u041e\u0421\u0410\u0421'. 'effectiveness' means 'Wirksamkeit' means 'eficacia' means 'efficacit\u00e9' means 'efficacia' means 'efic\u00e1cia' means '\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'The following table summarizes the data for the following categories:' means 'Index der Apnoe-Hypnoe' means 'Indice de apnea e hipopnea' means 'Indice d'apn\u00e9e et d'hypopn\u00e9e' means 'Indice di apnea-ipopnea' means '\u00cdndice de apneia-hipopneia' means '\u0418\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0430\u043f\u043d\u043e\u044d-\u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043f\u043d\u043e\u044d'. 'AHI' means 'AHI' means 'AHI' means 'AHI' means 'AHI' means 'AHI' means '\u0410\u0425\u0418'. 'polysomnography' means 'Polysomnographie' means 'polissonograf\u00eda' means 'polysomnographie' means 'polissomnografia' means 'polissomnografia' means '\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f'. 'combined oropharynx and tongue base surgery' means 'Kombinationsoperation von Mund-Rachen- und Zungenbasis' means 'cirug\u00eda combinada de orofaringe y base de lengua' means 'chirurgie combin\u00e9e de l'oropharynx et de la base de la langue' means 'chirurgia combinata dell' orofaringe e della base della lingua' means 'cirurgia combinada da orofaringe e da base da l\u00edngua' means '\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430'. 'Drug-induced sleep endoscopy' means 'Endoskopie im Schlaf' means 'Endoscopia del sue\u00f1o inducida por drogas' means 'Endoscopie du sommeil induite par des m\u00e9dicaments' means 'Endoscopia del sonno indotta da farmaci' means 'Endoscopia do Sono Induzida por Medicamentos' means '\u042d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438'. 'Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome' means 'Obstruktive Schlafapnoe-Syndrom' means 'S\u00edndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sue\u00f1o' means 'Syndrome de l'apn\u00e9e obstructive du sommeil' means 'Sindrome dell'apnea ostruttiva del sonno' means 'S\u00edndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono' means '\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u043d\u043e\u044d \u0432\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0435'" }, { "id": "46", "en": "Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an entity with peculiar clinical and molecular characteristics, which mainly arises from the reticulated epithelium lining the crypts of the palatine tonsils and the base of the tongue. The only head and neck site with a definite etiological association between persistent high-risk (HR) HPV infection and development of SCC is the oropharynx. HPV-positive malignancies represent 5-20% of all HNSCCs and 40-90% of those arising from the oropharynx, with widely variable rates depending on the geographic area, population, relative prevalence of environment-related SCC and detection assay. HPV-16 is by far the most common HR HPV genotype detected in oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC), and the only definitely carcinogenic genotype for the head and neck region. Patients with HPV-induced OPSCC are more likely to be middle-aged white men, non-smokers, non-drinkers or mild to moderate drinkers, with higher socioeconomic status and better performance status than subjects with HPV-unrelated SCC. HPV-induced HNSCCs are often described as non-keratinizing, poorly differentiated or basaloid carcinomas, and are diagnosed in earlier T-category with a trend for a more advanced N-category, with cystic degeneration, than the HPV-unrelated carcinomas. HPV positivity is associated with better response to treatment and modality-independent survival benefit. Treatment selection in HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinoma is becoming a critical issue, and although there is no evidence from randomized, controlled trials to support a treatment de-escalation in HPV-positive SCC, some investigators argue that intensive combined modality strategies may represent an overtreatment.", "it": "Il carcinoma squamoso testa-collo associato al papillomavirus umano (HPV) \u00e8 una patologia con peculiari caratteristiche cliniche e molecolari che origina principalmente dall'epitelio criptico delle tonsille palatine e linguale. L'orofaringe rappresenta, infatti, l'unica sede per la quale a tutt'oggi sussista un sicuro nesso eziologico tra infezione da HPV e insorgenza di un carcinoma squamoso. I tumori maligni HPV-positivi rappresentano il 5-20% di tutti i carcinomi testa-collo e il 40-90% di quelli che originano dall'orofaringe, con tassi variabili di prevalenza in funzione dell'area geografica, del peso relativo degli altri fattori di rischio, della popolazione considerata e dei metodi di rilevamento del virus. Il paziente con tumore HPV-associato \u00e8 pi\u00f9 spesso un maschio di razza bianca, di mezza et\u00e0, non-fumatore, nonbevitore o bevitore occasionale, presenta uno status socio-economico pi\u00f9 elevato e un performance status migliore rispetto al soggetto con carcinoma HPV-negativo. Dal punto di vista istologico i tumori HPV-associati sono pi\u00f9 spesso descritti come carcinomi non cheratinizzanti, scarsamente differenziati, con aspetti basaloidi e si presentano con una categoria T meno avanzata e una categoria N pi\u00f9 avanzata, con aspetti di degenerazione cistica, rispetto ai tumori HPV-negativi. I carcinomi HPV-associati presentano una miglior risposta al trattamento e hanno una sopravvivenza migliore indipendentemente dal tipo di trattamento. La selezione del trattamento dei carcinomi orofaringei HPV-correlati sta diventando un punto critico poich\u00e9, nonostante non vi siano evidenze derivate da trials randomizzati controllati per giustificare una de-intensificazione del trattamento nei carcinomi squamosi HPV-positivi, alcuni ricercatori sostengono che una strategia di trattamento multimodale intensificata possa costituire in tali casi un over-treatment.", "keywords": [ "Human papillomavirus", "HPV", "head and neck squamous cell carcinoma", "HNSCC", "reticulated epithelium", "palatine tonsils", "oropharynx", "etiological association", "persistent high-risk HPV infection", "HPV-positive malignancies", "geographic area", "environment-related SCC", "detection assay", "HPV-16", "carcinogenic genotype", "middle-aged white men", "non-smokers", "non-drinkers", "socioeconomic status", "performance status", "non-keratinizing", "poorly differentiated", "basaloid carcinomas", "T-category", "N-category", "cystic degeneration", "HPV positivity", "treatment selection", "treatment de-escalation", "intensive combined modality strategies", "overtreatment" ], "keyword_chains": "'Human papillomavirus and other viral infections' means 'Humane Papillomaviren' means 'Virus del papiloma humano' means 'Virus du papillome humain' means 'Virus del papilloma umano' means 'Papilomav\u00edrus humano' means '\u041f\u0430\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430'. 'HPV and' means 'HPV' means 'VPH y sus' means 'Le VPH' means 'HPV' means 'HPV' means '\u0412\u041f\u0427'. 'head and neck squamous cell carcinoma' means 'Plattenepithelkarzinom von Kopf und Hals' means 'Carcinoma de c\u00e9lulas escamosas de la cabeza y el cuello' means 'carcinome \u00e9pidermo\u00efde de la t\u00eate et du cou' means 'carcinoma a cellule squamose della testa e del collo' means 'Carcinoma de c\u00e9lulas escamosas da cabe\u00e7a e pesco\u00e7o' means '\u041f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u0448\u0435\u0438'. 'HNSCC' means 'HNSCC' means 'HNSCC (en ingl\u00e9s)' means 'Le HNSCC' means 'HNSCC' means 'HNSCC' means 'HNSCC'. 'reticulated epithelium' means 'vernetztes Epithel' means 'epitelio reticulado' means '\u00e9pith\u00e9lium r\u00e9ticul\u00e9' means 'epitelio reticolato' means 'epit\u00e9lio reticulado' means '\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439'. 'the tonsils of the palate' means 'Mund- und Mundmenge' means 'las am\u00edgdalas palatinas' means 'les amygdales du palais' means 'tonsille palatine' means 'am\u00edgdalas palatinas' means '\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438'. 'oropharynx' means 'Mund- und Rachenh\u00f6hle' means 'Or\u00f3faringe' means 'oropharynx' means 'orofarince' means 'orofaringe' means '\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437'. 'etiological association' means 'etiologische Verbindung' means 'asociaci\u00f3n etiol\u00f3gica' means 'association \u00e9tiologique' means 'associazione etiologica' means 'associa\u00e7\u00e3o etiol\u00f3gica' means '\u044d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c'. 'persistent high-risk HPV infection' means 'Persistierende HPV-Infektion mit hohem Risiko' means 'infecci\u00f3n por VPH persistente de alto riesgo' means 'infection persistante \u00e0 haut risque par le VPH' means 'infezione da HPV persistente ad alto rischio' means 'infec\u00e7\u00e3o persistente por HPV de alto risco' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0412\u041f\u0427-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c'. 'HPV-positive malignancies including' means 'HPV-positive Malignit\u00e4ten' means 'Enfermedades malignas con VPH' means 'Malignit\u00e9 HPV-positive' means 'Tumori maligni HPV-positivi' means 'Tumores malignos com HPV' means '\u0412\u041f\u0427-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438'. 'geographical area' means 'geographische Region' means '\u00c1rea geogr\u00e1fica' means 'r\u00e9gion g\u00e9ographique' means 'zona geografica' means '\u00e1rea geogr\u00e1fica' means '\u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430'. 'environmental-related SCC' means 'Umweltbezogene SCC' means 'CCS relacionados con el medio ambiente' means 'CCS li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'environnement' means 'CCS legati all'ambiente' means 'CCS relacionados com o ambiente' means '\u0421\u041a\u041a, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439'. 'detection assay' means 'Detektionsversuch' means 'ensayo de detecci\u00f3n' means 'analyse de d\u00e9tection' means 'test di rilevazione' means 'ensaio de detec\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'HPV-16 and' means 'HPV-16' means 'VPH-16 y sus derivados' means 'Le HPV-16' means 'HPV-16' means 'HPV-16' means '\u0412\u041f\u0427-16'. 'carcinogenic genotype' means 'Krebserregender Genotyp' means 'genotipo cancer\u00edgeno' means 'g\u00e9notype canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne' means 'genotipo cancerogeno' means 'gen\u00f3tipo cancer\u00edgeno' means '\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f'. 'middle-aged white men' means 'Wei\u00dfe M\u00e4nner mittleren Alters' means 'Hombres blancos de mediana edad' means 'Un homme blanc d'\u00e2ge moyen .' means 'uomini bianchi di mezza et\u00e0' means 'Homens brancos de meia-idade' means '\u0411\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 .'. 'non-smokers' means 'Nichtraucher' means 'No fumadores' means 'non-fumeurs' means 'non fumatori' means 'n\u00e3o fumadores' means '\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435'. 'not drinking' means 'Nichttrinker' means 'no bebedores' means 'non-buveurs' means 'non bevitori' means 'n\u00e3o-bebedores' means '\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u044c\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435'. 'the socioeconomic status' means 'sozio\u00f6konomischer Status' means 'Estado socioecon\u00f3mico' means '\u00c9tat socio\u00e9conomique' means 'Stato socioeconomico' means 'estatuto socioecon\u00f3mico' means '\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441'. 'performance status' means 'Leistungsstatus' means 'estado de funcionamiento' means '\u00c9tat de la performance' means 'stato delle prestazioni' means 'Estado de desempenho' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b'. 'not keratinizing' means 'nicht keratinierend' means 'no queratinizantes' means 'non k\u00e9ratinisante' means 'non cheratinizzanti' means 'n\u00e3o queratinizantes' means '\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435'. 'poorly differentiated' means 'schlecht differenziert' means 'poco diferenciados' means 'peu diff\u00e9renci\u00e9s' means 'scarsamente differenziati' means 'mal diferenciados' means '\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'other' means 'Basaloidkarzinome' means 'Carcinomas basaloides y de las mucosas' means 'carcinomes du basalo\u00efde' means 'carcinomi basaloidi' means 'Carcinomas basaloides' means '\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437'. 'T-category' means 'T-Kategorie' means 'Categor\u00eda T' means 'Cat\u00e9gorie T' means 'Categoria T' means 'Categoria T' means '\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0422'. 'N-category' means 'N-Kategorie' means 'Categor\u00eda N' means 'Cat\u00e9gorie N' means 'Categoria N' means 'Categoria N' means 'N-\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f'. 'cyst degeneration' means 'Zystische Degeneration' means 'degeneraci\u00f3n qu\u00edstica' means 'd\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence kystique' means 'degenerazione cistica' means 'degenera\u00e7\u00e3o c\u00edstica' means '\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'HPV positive or' means 'HPV-Positivit\u00e4t' means 'Positividad para el VPH' means 'VPH positif' means 'Positivit\u00e0 HPV' means 'Positividade para HPV' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u041f\u0427'. 'treatment selection' means 'Auswahl der Behandlung' means 'selecci\u00f3n del tratamiento' means 's\u00e9lection du traitement' means 'selezione del trattamento' means 'Sele\u00e7\u00e3o do tratamento' means '\u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'treatment de-escalation' means 'Behandlungsabschw\u00e4chung' means 'reducci\u00f3n de la intensidad del tratamiento' means 'traitement de d\u00e9sescalade' means 'de-escalation del trattamento' means 'Tratamento de desescalada' means '\u0434\u0435\u044d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'intensive combined modality strategies' means 'Intensive kombinierte Modalit\u00e4tenstrategien' means 'estrategias de modalidad combinada intensiva' means 'strat\u00e9gies de modalit\u00e9 combin\u00e9e intensive' means 'strategie di modalit\u00e0 combinata intensiva' means 'estrat\u00e9gias de modalidade combinada intensiva' means '\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432'. 'overtreatment' means '\u00dcberbehandlung' means 'tratamiento excesivo' means 'surtraitement' means 'eccesso di trattamento' means 'tratamento excessivo' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'" }, { "id": "47", "en": "An aetiopathogenetic analysis of non-endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in European and Southern American patient groups was performed. Specifically, the study sought to determine the proportion of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-positive tumour cells in NPC patients in two very different populations (Europe and South America) in areas not associated with a high incidence of NPC. Clinical data (age, sex and onset of clinical disease) were also analyzed. A total of 50 NPC samples, 24 from a European hospital (EH) and 26 from two South American hospitals (SAH), were included. Nuclear staining for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER) was performed by in situ hybridization (ISH). Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) expression was measured by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. A higher incidence of NPC was observed in patients > 40 years of age in EH; in SAH, by contrast, the incidence was higher in patients aged \u2264 40 years. Cervical lymph node metastasis was detected in 31 patients (of whom 84.6% were from SAH). A total of 72% of samples were EBERpositive; the incidence of EBER positivity was greater in type 3 NPCs. EBV was detected in a large proportion of epithelial cells in samples from both EH and SAH (75% vs. 69.2%, respectively). An association was found between EBER detection in lymphocytes and patient origin (p = 0.0001). LMP1 expression was detected in 64% of patients. ISH for the detection of EBER is the most sensitive technique for demonstrating EBV in tumour tissue. The incidence of EBV was not significantly greater in either of the study populations, but was significantly higher in patients with type 3 NPC. Definitive histological diagnosis of NPC was reached earlier in EH than in SAH, where metastases were more frequently diagnosed, suggesting that the disease had reached a more advanced stage by the time treatment was started.", "it": "Scopo del nostro studio \u00e8 stato confrontare i risultati dell'analisi eziopatogenetica sul carcinoma nasofaringeo non endemico (NPC) in pazienti europei e del Sud America ed in particolare determinare l'incidenza di cellule tumorali positive per Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) nelle due diverse popolazioni. Sono stati inoltre analizzati i dati clinici (et\u00e0, sesso e caratteristiche dell'insorgenza della malattia) al fine di evidenziare analogie e differenze nel confronto con i dati abitualmente rilevati nelle ampie casistiche disponibili. Sono stati analizzati un totale di 50 casi di NPC: 24 da ospedali europei e 26 da ospedali Sud Americani. La marcatura nucleare dell'RNA codificato dall'Epstain-Barr virus \u00e8 stata ottenuta mediante ibridizzazione in situ. L'espressione della proteina latente di membrana (LMP1), \u00e8 stata invece misurata mediante analisi immunoistochimica. Nei pazienti europei \u00e8 stata osservata un'incidenza pi\u00f9 alta di NPC nei casi di et\u00e0 superiore a 40 anni, nei pazienti del Sud America, invece, l'incidenza era maggiore nei casi di et\u00e0 inferiore/uguale a 40 anni di et\u00e0. In 31 pazienti sono state riscontrate metastasi latero-cervicali linfonodali (di cui l'84.6% provenivano dal Sud America). Il 72% dei campioni \u00e8 risultato positivo alla marcatura nucleare dell'RNA codificato dall'Epstain-Barr virus, con un'incidenza pi\u00f9 alta nei casi di NPC di tipo 3. L'EBV \u00e8 stato rilevato nella gran parte delle cellule epiteliali dei campioni provenienti sia dagli ospedali europei che sud americani (75% vs. 69.2%). Una correlazione statisticamente significativa \u00e8 stata riscontrata fra la positivit\u00e0 alla marcatura nucleare dell'RNA codificato dall'Epstain-Barr virus e le origini del paziente (p = 0.0001). L'espressione della LMP1 \u00e8 stata rilevata nel 64% dei pazienti. In conclusione la detezione della marcatura nucleare dell'RNA codificato dall'Epstain Barr Virus mediante ibridizzazione \u00e8 la metodica pi\u00f9 sensibile per dimostrare la presenza di EBV nei campioni tumorali. In nessuna delle popolazioni studiate si \u00e8 osservata una incidenza pi\u00f9 alta, statisticamente significativa, di EBV, evidenziata, invece, nei pazienti con NPC di tipo 3. La diagnosi istologica definitiva \u00e8 stata raggiunta prima negli ospedali Europei piuttosto che in quelli sud americani, nei quali alla diagnosi erano pi\u00f9 frequentemente presenti metastasi laterocervicali, indicative di uno stadio tumorale pi\u00f9 avanzato al momento dell'inizio del trattamento.", "keywords": [ "aetiopathogenetic", "nasopharyngeal carcinoma", "non-endemic", "Epstein-Barr Virus", "EBV-positive", "tumour cells", "clinical data", "nuclear staining", "EBER", "in situ hybridization", "latent membrane protein 1", "LMP1", "immunohistochemical", "cervical lymph node metastasis", "EBER positivity", "type 3 NPC", "epithelial cells", "lymphocytes", "histological diagnosis", "metastases" ], "keyword_chains": "'aetiopathogenic' means 'aetiopathogenetische' means 'aetiopatog\u00e9nico' means 'a \u00e9tiopathog\u00e9nique' means 'aetiopatogenetica' means 'aetiopatog\u00e9nica' means '\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'Carcinoma of the nose and throat' means 'Nasopharyngealkarzinom' means 'Carcinoma de la nariz y la faringe' means 'carcinome nasopharyng\u00e9' means 'carcinoma nasofaringeo' means 'Carcinoma nasofar\u00edngeo' means '\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'not endemic' means 'nicht endemisch' means 'No end\u00e9mico' means 'non end\u00e9mique' means 'non endemici' means 'n\u00e3o end\u00e9micos' means '\u043d\u0435\u044d\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'The following table lists the active substances:' means 'Epstein-Barr-Virus' means 'El virus de Epstein-Barr' means 'Virus de l' Epstein-Barr' means 'Virus di Epstein-Barr' means 'V\u00edrus Epstein-Barr' means '\u0412\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441 \u042d\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430-\u0411\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0430'. 'EBV-positive' means 'EBV-positiv' means 'Positivo para el EBV' means 'VEB positif' means 'EBV positivo' means 'Positivo para EBV' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 EBV'. 'cells of the tumor' means 'Tumorzellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas tumorales' means 'cellules tumorales' means 'cellule tumorali' means 'c\u00e9lulas tumorais' means '\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'clinical data' means 'klinische Daten' means 'datos cl\u00ednicos' means 'donn\u00e9es cliniques' means 'dati clinici' means 'dados cl\u00ednicos' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'nuclear staining' means 'Kernf\u00e4rbung' means 'colorante nuclear' means 'teinture nucl\u00e9aire' means 'colorazione nucleare' means 'colora\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear' means '\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Other' means 'EBER' means 'El proyecto de ley' means 'Autres' means 'Eber' means 'EEBR' means '\u042d\u0411\u0415\u0420'. 'in situ hybridisation' means 'In-situ-Hybridisierung' means 'hibridaci\u00f3n in situ' means 'hybride in situ' means 'ibridazione in situ' means 'H\u00edbrida\u00e7\u00e3o in situ' means '\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f in situ'. 'latent membrane protein 1' means 'latentes Membranprotein 1' means 'Prote\u00edna de membrana latente 1' means 'prot\u00e9ine de membrane latente 1' means 'proteina di membrana latente 1' means 'prote\u00edna de membrana latente 1' means '\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043a 1'. 'LMP1' means 'LMP1' means 'LMP1' means 'LMP1' means 'LMP1' means 'LMP1' means 'LMP1'. 'immunohistochemical' means 'Immunhistokemische' means 'inmunohistoqu\u00edmico' means 'immunohistochimique' means 'immunoistochimici' means 'imunohistoqu\u00edmicos' means '\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435'. 'metastasis of the cervical lymph node' means 'Metastasen der Lymphknoten des Halses' means 'Met\u00e1stasis de los ganglios linf\u00e1ticos cervicales' means 'm\u00e9tastases des ganglions lymphatiques du col de l'ut\u00e9rus' means 'metastasi dei linfonodi cervicali' means 'Met\u00e1stase nos g\u00e2nglios linf\u00e1ticos cervicais' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432'. 'EBER positive' means 'EBER-Positivit\u00e4t' means 'Positividad del EBER' means '\u00c9valuation de la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l'EBER' means 'EBER positivit\u00e0' means 'Positividade EBER' means '\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c EBER'. 'type 3 NPC' means 'Typ 3 NPC' means 'NPC de tipo 3' means 'NPC de type 3' means 'NPC di tipo 3' means 'NPC tipo 3' means 'NPC \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 3'. 'epithelial cells' means 'epitheliale Zellen' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliales' means 'cellules \u00e9pith\u00e9liales' means 'cellule epiteliali' means 'c\u00e9lulas epiteliais' means '\u044d\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438'. 'lymphocytes' means 'Lymphozyten' means 'linfocitos' means 'lymphocytes' means 'linfociti' means 'linf\u00f3citos' means '\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0442\u044b'. 'histological diagnosis' means 'histologische Diagnose' means 'diagn\u00f3stico histol\u00f3gico' means 'diagnostic histologique' means 'diagnosi istologica' means 'diagn\u00f3stico histol\u00f3gico' means '\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'other' means 'Metastasen' means 'Met\u00e1stasis en el cuerpo' means 'm\u00e9tastases' means 'metastasi' means 'Met\u00e1stases' means '\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u044b'" }, { "id": "48", "en": "The etiology of the venous insufficiency of the lower limbs is related to the increase of the district pressure. This occurs in case of pressure overload of the afferent compartment with a progressive increase of the gradient until the reversal of the flow direction. Varicose veins would be the effect and not the cause of the pressure overload which must always be researched in the efferent (draining) compartment. The gradient inversion in a compartment causes a reflux circuit (venous shunt) only if - in addition to the escape point - one re-entry point is also active, The closure of the escape point does not solve the etiological moment of the district pressure overload. It is therefore a symptomatic treatment that cannot reduce the potential of the system to cause recurrences. During walking, reflux will cause Transmural Pressure Peaks (PPT): in diastole if the reflux is systolic; in systole if the reflux is diastolic; in diastole and in systole if the reflux is diastolic-systolic. On this basis, it has been proposed CHIVA 2 distal outpatient treatment without CHIVA 1 with interesting haemodynamic effects. In the subcutaneous area by the pressure overload block it improves compartment drainage, reduces the peak of trans-mural pressure and the caliber of the varicose veins. In the intrafascial district: reduces peak and trans-mural walking pressure; does not change the drainage of the reflux; can restore an antegrade flow. KEY WORDS: Hemodyamic venous treatment, Vricose veins, Venous Hemodynamic Map (VHM).", "it": "Nel caso di eccessivo aumento pressorio del compartimento drenante profondo si ha l\u2019inversione della direzione del flusso in quello superficiale. Per cui le vene varicose sarebbero l\u2019effetto e non la causa di questo sovraccarico pressorio. L\u2019inversione del gradiente pressorio in un compartimento provoca un circuito di reflusso (shunt venoso) solo se oltre al punto di fuga \u00e8 attivo anche un punto di rientro. La chiusura del punto di fuga non risolve il momento eziologico del sovraccarico pressorio distrettuale. \u00c8 quindi un trattamento sintomatico che non pu\u00f2 ridurre il potenziale del sistema di causare recidive. Esistono tre tipi di reflusso: sistolico, diastolico e sistolico-diastolico. Su questa base \u00e8 stato proposto il trattamento ambulatoriale emodinamico distale CHIVA 2 senza CHIVA 1 per trasformare i reflussi sistolici e sisto-diastolici in reflussi diastolici con l\u2019obiettivo trasformare dei reflussi lunghi in brevi per prevenire le lesioni cutanee.", "keywords": [ "etiology", "venous insufficiency", "district pressure", "pressure overload", "afferent compartment", "gradient inversion", "reflux circuit", "venous shunt", "escape point", "re-entry point", "symptomatic treatment", "Transmural Pressure Peaks", "diastole", "systole", "CHIVA", "haemodynamic effects", "subcutaneous area", "compartment drainage", "trans-mural pressure", "intrafascial district", "antegrade flow", "Hemodynamic venous treatment", "Vricose veins", "Venous Hemodynamic Map" ], "keyword_chains": "'the etiology' means 'Krankheitsursache' means 'etiolog\u00eda' means '\u00e9tiologie' means 'etiologia' means 'etiologia' means '\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f'. 'Venous insufficiency' means 'Infektion mit' means 'insuficiencia venosa' means 'insuffisance veineuse' means 'insufficienza venosa' means 'insufici\u00eancia venosa' means '\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'district pressure' means 'Bezirksdruck' means 'presi\u00f3n de distrito' means 'pression de district' means 'pressione distrettuale' means 'press\u00e3o de distrito' means '\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'pressure overload' means '\u00dcberlastung durch Druck' means 'sobrecarga de presi\u00f3n' means 'surcharge de pression' means 'sovraccarico di pressione' means 'sobrecarga de press\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c'. 'Afferent compartment' means 'Afferenzkompartiment' means 'compartimento aferente' means 'compartiment aff\u00e9rent' means 'compartimento afferente' means 'compartimento aferente' means '\u0430\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a'. 'gradient inversion' means 'Gradientenumkehr' means 'Inversi\u00f3n del gradiente' means 'inversion du gradient' means 'inversione del gradiente' means 'Invers\u00e3o de gradiente' means '\u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430'. 'reflux circuit' means 'R\u00fcckflu\u00dfkreis' means 'circuito de reflujo' means 'circuit de reflux' means 'circuito di reflusso' means 'circuito de refluxo' means '\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u044e\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438'. 'Venous shunt' means 'Venen-Shunts' means 'Desviaci\u00f3n venosa' means 'd\u00e9rivation veineuse' means 'shunt venoso' means 'Desvio venoso' means '\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0443\u043d\u0442'. 'point of escape' means 'Ausweichpunkt' means 'punto de escape' means 'point de fuite' means 'punto di fuga' means 'Ponto de fuga' means '\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'point of re-entry' means 'R\u00fcckkehrpunkt' means 'punto de reingreso' means 'point de rentr\u00e9e' means 'punto di rientro' means 'Ponto de reentrada' means '\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430'. 'symptomatic treatment' means 'Symptomatische Behandlung' means 'tratamiento sintom\u00e1tico' means 'traitement symptomatique' means 'trattamento sintomatico' means 'tratamento sintom\u00e1tico' means '\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Transmural Pressure Peaks' means 'Transmuraler Druck erreicht Spitzenwerte' means 'Pico de la presi\u00f3n transmural' means 'Des pics de pression transmorale' means 'Picchi di pressione transmurale' means 'Pico da press\u00e3o transmural' means '\u041f\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'diastole' means 'Diastole' means 'di\u00e1stole' means 'diastole' means 'diastole' means 'diast\u00f3lia' means '\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430'. 'systole' means 'Schmerz' means 's\u00edstole' means 'systole' means 'cistifene' means 'S\u00edstole' means '\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430'. 'Other' means 'CHIVA' means 'El mismo' means 'Le groupe CHIVA' means 'Chiva' means 'CHIVA' means '\u0427\u0438\u0432\u0430'. 'haemodynamic effects' means 'H\u00e4modynamische Wirkungen' means 'efectos hemodin\u00e1micos' means 'effets h\u00e9modynamiques' means 'effetti emodinamici' means 'Efeitos hemodin\u00e2micos' means '\u0433\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b'. 'subcutaneous area' means 'subkutaner Bereich' means '\u00e1rea subcut\u00e1nea' means 'zone sous-cutan\u00e9e' means 'zona sottocutanea' means '\u00e1rea subcut\u00e2nea' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'compartment drainage' means 'Abfluss der Abteilungen' means 'drenaje de los compartimentos' means 'drainage des compartiments' means 'drenaggio dei compartimenti' means 'drenagem de compartimentos' means '\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0436 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430'. 'transmural pressure' means 'Druck \u00fcber die Wand' means 'presi\u00f3n transmural' means 'pression transmurale' means 'pressione transmurale' means 'press\u00e3o transmural' means '\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'intrafascial district' means 'Intrafaszialer Bereich' means 'distrito intrafascial' means 'r\u00e9gion intrafasciale' means 'Distretto intrafasciale' means 'regi\u00e3o intrafascial' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'antegrade flow' means 'Vorlauf' means 'flujo de la fase de preparaci\u00f3n' means 'd\u00e9bit avant d\u00e9gradation' means 'flusso antegrado' means 'Fluxo antegrado' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a'. 'Hemodynamic venous treatment' means 'H\u00e4modynamische ven\u00f6se Behandlung' means 'Tratamiento venoso hemodin\u00e1mico' means 'Traitement veineux h\u00e9modynamique' means 'Trattamento emodinamico venoso' means 'Tratamento venoso hemodin\u00e2mico' means '\u0413\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439'. 'Vricose veins' means 'Vrikose-Venen' means 'Venas de las v\u00edricas' means 'Veines \u00e0 vricose' means 'Venite vricose' means 'Venas vricosas' means '\u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u044b'. 'Venous hemodynamic map of the blood vessels' means 'Venenhemodynamische Karte' means 'Mapa hemodin\u00e1mico venoso' means 'Carte h\u00e9modynamique veineuse' means 'Mappa emodinamica venosa' means 'Mapa Hemodin\u00e2mico Venoso' means '\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438'" }, { "id": "49", "en": "We examined breast nodules with three-dimensional (3D) sonography and power-Doppler to identify new parameters that might be useful in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Breast nodules in 34 women were examined with a Voluson-GE 730 scanner and a 7.5\u00a0MHz linear-array dedicated 3D probe. Each nodule was examined in the B-mode, and its vascular characteristics were evaluated with power-Doppler; 3D reconstruction was used in both studies. All examinations were performed by the same operator, who was unaware of the case characteristics. The examiner classified each lesion as benign or malignant based on B-mode appearance, margin characteristics, infiltration, and blood vessel distribution on power-Doppler; lesion volume was also calculated for T staging. Results were compared with those of biopsies, which were performed on all nodules after the sonographic examination. Biopsy findings revealed that 29 nodules were benign and 5 malignant. Based on the 3D sonographic examination, 27 lesions were considered benign, and 7 were classified as malignant. Two of the latter diagnoses were false-positives; there were no false negatives (specificity: 93.1%, sensitivity: 100%, accuracy: 94.1%). 3D sonography can be used to calculate lesional mass for T1 staging of malignant breast nodules. It can also reveal wall irregularities in benign lesions that are missed on two-dimensional (2D) scans and the limits of infiltration of malignant lesions. The 3D power-Doppler examination provides a panoramic full-length view of blood vessels supplying the nodule, and the number of vessels visualized with this approach is higher than that observed on 2D studies.", "it": "Sommario SCOPO: Lo scopo di questo studio \u00e8 stato quello di valutare le lesioni mammarie benigne e maligne con esame ecografico 3D per mettere in evidenza i rapporti delle lesioni con i tessuti circostanti e altri segni che potessero meglio differenziare tra loro i due tipi di lesioni. MATERIALI E METODI: Sono state studiate 34 pazienti non consecutive affette da lesioni mammarie benigne (29) e maligne (5). \u00c8 stato effettuato l'esame ecografico con un apparecchio Voluson-GE con sonda lineare 6\u201312\u00a0MHz dedicata alla ricostruzione 3D e l'esame power-Doppler con ricostruzione 3D per mettere in evidenza la vascolarizzazione delle lesioni. Tutte le 34 pazienti sono state sottoposte successivamente ad agoaspirato ecoguidato con prelievo di materiale per l'esame citopatologico, che \u00e8 stato considerato il gold standard. RISULTATI: Oltre al calcolo del volume delle lesioni sono stati valutati da tre operatori differenti i parametri \u201cforma-ecostruttura\u201d, \u201ccontorni-margini\u201d, \u201cinfiltrazione\u201d, \u201cvasi al power-Doppler\u201d. Si sono avuti due falsi positivi e la mancanza di falsi negativi nella diagnosi differenziale benigno/maligno che portano la metodica, nella nostra esperienza, a una specificit\u00e0 di 93,1, a una sensitivit\u00e0 di 100 per un'accuratezza globale di 94,1. CONCLUSIONI: L'esame ecografico 3D \u00e8 un esame di II livello che attraverso la possibilit\u00e0 di calcolare la massa della lesione, consente una migliore stadiazione T delle lesioni maligne; \u00e8 utile inoltre per un pi\u00f9 sicuro giudizio di benignit\u00e0 e/o malignit\u00e0 a causa della ottimale evidenziazione delle pareti delle lesioni e della loro eventuale infiltrazione nel tessuto circostante. L'esame 3D della neoangiogenesi, inoltre, sfrutta la capacit\u00e0 del power-Doppler tridimensionale di evidenziare la panoramicit\u00e0 dei vasi.", "keywords": [ "breast nodules", "three-dimensional (3D) sonography", "power-Doppler", "parameters", "benign", "malignant", "Voluson-GE 730 scanner", "7.5 MHz linear-array", "B-mode", "vascular characteristics", "3D reconstruction", "case characteristics", "margin characteristics", "infiltration", "blood vessel distribution", "lesion volume", "T staging", "biopsies", "false-positives", "false negatives", "specificity", "sensitivity", "accuracy", "lesional mass", "T1 staging", "wall irregularities", "two-dimensional (2D) scans", "limits of infiltration", "panoramic full-length view", "number of vessels" ], "keyword_chains": "'breast nodules' means 'Brustkn\u00f6tchen' means 'n\u00f3dulos en el seno' means 'nodules du sein' means 'noduli al seno' means 'n\u00f3dulos mam\u00e1rios' means '\u043f\u0443\u0437\u044b\u0440\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438'. 'three-dimensional (3D) sonography' means 'dreidimensionale (3D) Ultraschalluntersuchung' means 'ecograf\u00eda tridimensional (3D)' means '\u00e9chographie tridimensionnelle (3D)' means 'ecografia tridimensionale (3D)' means 'ecografia tridimensional (3D)' means '\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f (3D) \u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430'. 'power-doppler' means 'Power-Doppler' means 'Doppler de potencia' means 'd\u00e9tecteur de puissance' means 'Power-Doppler' means 'Doppler de pot\u00eancia' means '\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0440'. 'Other' means 'Parameter' means 'Par\u00e1metros' means 'Param\u00e8tres' means 'parametri' means 'Par\u00e2metros' means '\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b'. 'benign' means 'gutartig' means 'de origen benigno' means 'b\u00e9nigne' means 'benigni' means 'benigno' means '\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'other' means 'b\u00f6sartig' means 'de origen maligno' means 'le cancer du sein' means 'maligno' means 'maligno' means '\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439'. 'The following table shows the number of samples of the test chemical:' means 'Scanner Voluson-GE 730' means 'Escaneador Voluson-GE 730' means 'Scanner Voluson-GE 730 (d\u00e9tecteur de fum\u00e9e)' means 'Scanner Voluson-GE 730' means 'Escanerador Voluson-GE 730' means '\u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0440 Voluson-GE 730'. '7.5 MHz linear array' means '7.5 MHz lineare Arrays' means 'En el caso de los sistemas de transmisi\u00f3n de radio, se utilizar\u00e1n los siguientes m\u00e9todos:' means 'R\u00e9seau lin\u00e9aire de 7,5 MHz' means '7.5 MHz lineare' means 'Matriz linear de 7,5 MHz' means '\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430 7,5 \u041c\u0413\u0446'. 'B-mode' means 'B-Modus' means 'Modo B' means 'Mode B' means 'Modalit\u00e0 B' means 'Modo B' means '\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c B'. 'vascular characteristics' means 'Gef\u00e4\u00dfmerkmale' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas vasculares' means 'caract\u00e9ristiques vasculaires' means 'caratteristiche vascolari' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas vasculares' means '\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438'. '3D reconstruction' means '3D-Rekonstruktion' means 'Reconstrucci\u00f3n en 3D' means 'Reconstruction en 3D' means 'Ricostruzione 3D' means 'Reconstru\u00e7\u00e3o 3D' means '3D-\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'case characteristics' means 'Merkmale des Falles' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas del caso' means 'Caract\u00e9ristiques du cas' means 'caratteristiche del caso' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas do caso' means '\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f'. 'Margin characteristics' means 'Margencharakteristiken' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas del margen' means 'Caract\u00e9ristiques de la marge' means 'Caratteristiche del margine' means 'Caracter\u00edsticas da margem' means '\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0436\u0438'. 'Infiltration' means 'Infiltration' means 'Infiltraci\u00f3n' means 'infiltration' means 'infiltrazione' means 'infiltra\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'blood vessel distribution' means 'Blutgef\u00e4\u00dfverteilung' means 'Distribuci\u00f3n de los vasos sangu\u00edneos' means 'r\u00e9partition des vaisseaux sanguins' means 'distribuzione dei vasi sanguigni' means 'distribui\u00e7\u00e3o dos vasos sangu\u00edneos' means '\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432'. 'volume of the lesion' means 'L\u00e4sionsvolumen' means 'volumen de la lesi\u00f3n' means 'le volume de la l\u00e9sion' means 'volume della lesione' means 'volume da les\u00e3o' means '\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'T staging' means 'T-Etappierung' means 'T estadificaci\u00f3n' means 'T mise en sc\u00e8ne' means 'T fase' means 'T faseamento' means 'T \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'other' means 'Biopsien' means 'las biopsias' means 'biopsies' means 'biopsie' means 'Bi\u00f3psia' means '\u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0438\u044f'. 'false positives' means 'Falsch-positiven' means 'falsos positivos' means 'faux positifs' means 'falsi positivi' means 'Falso positivos' means '\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'false negatives' means 'falsche Negative' means 'falsos negativos' means 'faux n\u00e9gatifs' means 'falsi negativi' means 'falsos negativos' means '\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435'. 'specificity' means 'Spezifit\u00e4t' means 'Especificidad' means 'sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9' means 'specificit\u00e0' means 'Especificidade' means '\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'sensitivity' means 'Empfindlichkeit' means 'sensibilidad' means 'sensibilit\u00e9' means 'sensibilit\u00e0' means 'sensibilidade' means '\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'accuracy' means 'Genauigkeit' means 'Precisi\u00f3n' means 'pr\u00e9cision' means 'precisione' means 'precis\u00e3o' means '\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'lesion mass' means 'Sch\u00e4delmasse' means 'masa lesional' means 'masse l\u00e9sionnelle' means 'massa lesionale' means 'massa lesional' means '\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430'. 'T1 staging' means 'T1-Etappierung' means 'Estadificaci\u00f3n de la T1' means 'Stades de la p\u00e9riode T1' means 'Staging T1' means 'Estagiamento T1' means '\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 T1'. 'wall irregularities' means 'Unregelm\u00e4\u00dfigkeiten in den W\u00e4nden' means 'irregularidades en las paredes' means 'irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s des parois' means 'irregolarit\u00e0 delle pareti' means 'irregularidades nas paredes' means '\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u0445'. 'two-dimensional (2D) scans' means 'zweidimensionale (2D) Scans' means 'escaneos bidimensionales (2D)' means 'scans en deux dimensions' means 'scansioni bidimensionali (2D)' means 'An\u00e1lises bidimensionais (2D)' means '\u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 (2D) \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'limits of infiltration' means 'Grenzen der Infiltration' means 'l\u00edmites de infiltraci\u00f3n' means 'limites d'infiltration' means 'limiti di infiltrazione' means 'limites de infiltra\u00e7\u00e3o' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f'. 'panoramic full-length view' means 'Panorama-Blick in voller L\u00e4nge' means 'vista panor\u00e1mica de longitud completa' means 'vue panoramique en longueur' means 'vista panoramica a tutto campo' means 'vista panor\u00e2mica de comprimento completo' means '\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440'. 'number of vessels' means 'Anzahl der Schiffe' means 'n\u00famero de buques' means 'nombre de navires' means 'numero di navi' means 'n\u00famero de navios' means '\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432'" }, { "id": "50", "en": "The \"health emergency\" forced analysts to seek new ways of continuing with analysis. The article focuses, in particular, on the changes brought about in the setting by the presence of the sanitary mask, following a line that begins with the theme of the \"mask\" in the collective uses of human cultures, and develops through the Jungian concept of persona, as opposed to the \"face\" that may convey an authentic image of oneself. A clinical vignette illustrates the issues that the mask raises in the setting by obstructing the communication of emotions. When there is no transformative processing of concrete data, \"unmasking\" can also lead to an uncanny encounter and to moments of darkness and confusion in analysis, when the analyst experiences the kind of \"unconscious identity\" between therapist and patient that Jung defined as nigredo. The article is intended as a contribution to the analytic community's current reflections on the new and unforeseen challenges encountered in analysis at the time of the Coronavirus. It is possible to learn from these experiences with a view to integrating new elements and thus modify one's own internal setting, the compass with which each analyst orientates himself.", "it": "\u201cL'emergenza sanitaria\u201d ha costretto gli analisti a cercare nuove modalit\u00e0 per proseguire l'analisi. L'articolo si sofferma, in particolare, sui cambiamenti apportati al setting dalla presenza della mascherina protettiva, seguendo una linea che parte dal tema della \u201cmaschera\u201d negli usi collettivi nelle varie culture, per poi sviluppare il discorso tramite il concetto junghiano di persona, in contrapposizione al \u201cvolto\u201d che pu\u00f2 comunicare un'immagine autentica di s\u00e9. Una vignetta clinica illustra le problematiche che la mascherina ha portato nel setting, ostacolando la comunicazione delle emozioni. Quando viene a mancare una elaborazione trasformativa di dati concreti, lo \u201csmascheramento\u201d pu\u00f2 aprire ad un incontro carico di angoscia ed a momenti di buio e confusione nell'analisi, in cui l'analista sperimenta quella sorta di \u201cidentit\u00e0 inconscia\u201d tra terapeuta e paziente che Jung ha definito nigredo. L'articolo vuole essere un contributo alle attuali riflessioni della comunit\u00e0 analitica sulle nuove ed impreviste sfide incontrate in analisi al tempo del Coronavirus. Da queste esperienze \u00e8 possibile trarre una visione per integrare nuovi elementi e quindi modificare il proprio setting interno, la bussola con cui ogni analista si orienta.", "keywords": [ "health emergency", "sanitary mask", "collective uses", "Jungian concept", "persona", "authentic image", "clinical vignette", "communication of emotions", "transformative processing", "unmasking", "uncanny encounter", "darkness and confusion", "unconscious identity", "nigredo", "analytic community", "unforeseen challenges", "internal setting", "compass" ], "keyword_chains": "'health emergency' means 'Gesundheitsnotfall' means 'emergencia sanitaria' means 'urgence sanitaire' means 'emergenza sanitaria' means 'emerg\u00eancia sanit\u00e1ria' means '\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'sanitary mask' means 'Sanit\u00e4rmaske' means 'm\u00e1scara sanitaria' means 'masque sanitaire' means 'maschera igienica' means 'm\u00e1scara sanit\u00e1ria' means '\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430'. 'collective uses' means 'kollektive Nutzung' means 'usos colectivos' means 'utilisations collectives' means 'usi collettivi' means 'usos coletivos' means '\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'Jung's concept' means 'Jungischer Begriff' means 'Concepto junguiano' means 'Concept junguien' means 'Concetto junghiano' means 'Conceito junguiano' means '\u042e\u043d\u0433\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f'. 'person' means 'Person' means 'personaje' means 'personnage' means 'persona' means 'pessoa' means '\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'authentic image' means 'authentische Abbildung' means 'imagen aut\u00e9ntica' means 'image authentique' means 'immagine autentica' means 'imagem aut\u00eantica' means '\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'clinical vignette' means 'klinische Vignette' means 'Vignetta cl\u00ednica' means 'vignette clinique' means 'vignette clinica' means 'Vignette cl\u00ednica' means '\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043d\u044c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430'. 'communication of emotions' means 'Kommunikation der Emotionen' means 'comunicaci\u00f3n de las emociones' means 'communication des \u00e9motions' means 'comunicazione delle emozioni' means 'comunica\u00e7\u00e3o de emo\u00e7\u00f5es' means '\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0439'. 'other processing' means 'Verarbeitung' means 'Procesamiento transformativo' means 'traitement transformateur' means 'trattamento trasformativo' means 'Processamento transformativo' means '\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430'. 'unmasking' means 'Entlarven' means 'Desenmascaramiento' means 'd\u00e9masquage' means 'smascheramento' means 'Desmascaramento' means '\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'uncanny encounter' means 'Unheimliche Begegnung' means 'encuentro extra\u00f1o' means 'Une rencontre \u00e9trange' means 'Incontro misterioso' means 'encontro estranho' means '\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430'. 'darkness and confusion' means 'Dunkelheit und Verwirrung' means 'oscuridad y confusi\u00f3n' means 'L'obscurit\u00e9 et la confusion' means 'buio e confusione' means 'escurid\u00e3o e confus\u00e3o' means '\u0442\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435'. 'unconscious identity' means 'Unbewusste Identit\u00e4t' means 'identidad inconsciente' means 'identit\u00e9 inconsciente' means 'identit\u00e0 inconscia' means 'identidade inconsciente' means '\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c'. 'black and white' means 'Niederl\u00e4ndisch' means 'Negredo' means 'Nom de famille' means 'Negredo' means 'Negredo' means '\u041d\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e'. 'analytical community' means 'Analytiker' means 'comunidad anal\u00edtica' means 'communaut\u00e9 analytique' means 'comunit\u00e0 analitica' means 'comunidade anal\u00edtica' means '\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e'. 'unforeseen challenges' means 'unvorhergesehene Herausforderungen' means 'desaf\u00edos imprevistos' means 'd\u00e9fis impr\u00e9vus' means 'sfide impreviste' means 'desafios imprevistos' means '\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b'. 'internal setting' means 'Innenseite' means 'ajuste interno' means 'r\u00e9glage interne' means 'impostazione interna' means 'configura\u00e7\u00e3o interna' means '\u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e'. 'compass' means 'Kompass' means 'b\u00fasqueda' means 'compas' means 'bussola' means 'b\u00fassola' means '\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0441'" } ]