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Foreword
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WITH ITS PARADOXICAL TITLE, Sister Outsider, Audre Lorde’s most
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influential book of prose, is ever more trenchant twenty-three years
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after its first printing—surpassing even the reputation of her poetry,
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which is no minor feat. Were she here among us in the funky U.S.
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instead of floating somewhere over the Guinea Coast, Lorde would
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still want and have to claim that “outsider” stance. These prose
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works, much like her poetry, position her (and us), as Akasha Gloria
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Hull said many years ago, “on the line,” refusing the safety of that
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inside perimeter. I return to these texts again and always—in these
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times of imperial and unnatural acts, like the war in Iraq and the
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federal abandonment of the Gulf Coast survivors in the wake of
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Hurricane Katrina. Sister is my sister no matter how I may reject her
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counsel: “As Black people … we must move against not only those
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forces which dehumanize us from the outside, but also against those
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oppressive values which we have been forced to take into
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ourselves.”1 No matter how angry Sister makes me with her
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seemingly easy aphorisms: “For the master’s tools will never dismantle
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the master’s house.”2 No matter how much Sister still asks the hard
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questions: “Why do Black women reserve a particular voice of fury
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and disappointment for each other? Who is it we must destroy when
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we attack each other with that tone of predetermined and correct
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annihilation?”3
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On the shelf with or at the bottom of that stack of other wellmined tomes—The Black Woman: An Anthology; Conditions: Five, The
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Black Women’s Issue; Lesbian Fiction; Top Ranking—Sister is never far
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from me. I retain several dog-eared, underlined, coffee-splotched
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copies of her—at home, at work, on my nightstand—as necessary as
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my eyeglasses, my second sight.
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A fall semester of teaching my women’s studies seminar never
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passes without deploying one of the following texts in theorizing
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feminist activism: “Age, Race, Class, and Sex: Women Redefining
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Difference,” “An Open Letter to Mary Daly,” or “The Uses of Anger:
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Women Responding to Racism.” In one paragraph, Lorde can
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simultaneously blow away the entire Enlightenment project and use
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its tools, too.
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In 1990 I quoted myself in “Knowing the Danger and Going There
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Anyway,” an article I wrote on Lorde for the Boston feminist
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newspaper, Sojourner; I’ll change the sister trope and quote myself
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again: “I said that Audre Lorde’s work is ’a neighbor I’ve grown up
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with, who can always be counted on for honest talk, to rescue me
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when I’ve forgotten the key to my own house, to go with me to a
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tenants’ or town meeting, a community festival’.”4 In 1990, Lorde
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was still walking among us. Sister Outsider has taken its creator’s
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place as that good neighbor. And with this new edition, we will
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have our good neighbor and sister for another generation. May
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those of us who are Sister Outsider’s old neighbors continue to be
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inspired by her luminous writing and may those new neighbors be
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newly inspired.
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—CHERYL CLARKE
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2007
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Introduction
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WHEN WE BEGAN EDITING Sister Outsider—long after the book had been
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conceptualized, a contract signed, and new material written—Audre
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Lorde informed me, as we were working one afternoon, that she
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doesn’t write theory. “I am a poet,” she said.
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Lorde’s stature as a poet is undeniable. And yet there can be no
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doubt that Sister Outsider, a collection of essays and speeches drawn
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from the past eight years of this Black lesbian feminist’s nonfiction
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prose, makes absolutely clear to many what some already knew:
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Audre Lorde’s voice is central to the development of contemporary
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feminist theory. She is at the cutting edge of consciousness.
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The fifteen selections included here, several of them published for
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the first time, are essential reading. Whether it is the by now
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familiar “Uses of the Erotic: The Erotic as Power,” opening us up to
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the potential power in all aspects of our lives implicit in the erotic,
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When I speak of the erotic, then, I speak of it as an assertion
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of the life-force of women; of that creative energy
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empowered, the knowledge and use of which we are now
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reclaiming in our language, our history, our dancing, our
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loving, our work, our lives.1
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or the recently authored “Eye to Eye: Black Women, Hatred, and
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Anger,” probing the white racist roots of hostility between Black
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women,
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We are Black women born into a society of entrenched
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loathing and contempt for whatever is Black and female. We
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are strong and enduring. We are also deeply scarred.2
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Lorde’s work expands, deepens, and enriches all of our
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understandings of what feminism can be.
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But what about the “conflict” between poetry and theory,
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between their separate and seemingly incompatible spheres? We
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have been told that poetry expresses what we feel, and theory states
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what we know; that the poet creates out of the heat of the moment,
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while the theorist’s mode is, of necessity, cool and reasoned; that
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one is art and therefore experienced “subjectively,” and the other is
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scholarship, held accountable in the “objective” world of ideas. We
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have been told that poetry has a soul and theory has a mind and
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that we have to choose between them.
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The white western patriarchal ordering of things requires that we
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believe there is an inherent conflict between what we feel and what
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we think—between poetry and theory. We are easier to control
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when one part of our selves is split from another, fragmented, off
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balance. There are other configurations, however, other ways of
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experiencing the world, though they are often difficult to name. We
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can sense them and seek their articulation. Because it is the work of
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feminism to make connections, to heal unnecessary divisions, Sister
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