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introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay... | so what does the decay of uranium have to do with half life and radioactive decay ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons they contain . these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as r... | how are new radioactive isotopes formed in nature on earth ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | why is carbon-12 like the only element that has a round number atomic mass ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | how do we know that the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 is unchanging ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | such isotopes are called radioisotopes , and the process in which they release particles and energy is known as decay . radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is ... | how does decay cause the atom to gain a proton ( such as the change from c-14 to n-14 ) ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of protons , or atomic number , from the mass number . a property closely related to an atom ’ s mass number is its atomic mass . the atomic mass of a single atom is simply its total mass and is typically expressed in atomic mas... | is it because c-14 has an atomic mass of 14 and , since nitrogen has roughly the same mass , it gains a proton to match the mass ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what atom we are looking at ( e.g. , all atoms with six protons are carbon atoms ) ; the number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number . in cont... | how does the discharging/emitting of subatomic particles from an atom result it in it gaining/losing protons ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons... | do cell phones release harmful radiation ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | but what exactly does it mean for something to be radioactive ? radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . | how did scientists know atoms actually existed when they could n't see them through a microscope ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | how to determine the percentage of c-14 which decays to n-14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | in the fourth paragraph , if the number of protons make the element what it is , what would happen if we could theoretically group together a 119 atoms ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay... | how can we explane the half life of radioactive element ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the relative atomic mass is an average of the atomic masses of all the different isotopes in a sample , with each isotope 's contribution to the average determined by how big a fraction of the sample it makes up . the relative atomic masses given in periodic table entries—like the one for hydrogen , below—are calculate... | if h20 is water , what is it in the periodic table ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope ... | how are the atoms related with humans ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | when carbon 14 decays to nitrogen 14 does it keep its radioactive properties ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | what happens when all carbon 14 becomes nitrogen 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this... | how do palentologists determine the age of a fossil ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | how can we find the relative atomic mass of an element ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for instance—or , in the case of spider-man , a bite from a radioactive spider . but what exactly does it mean for something to be radioactive ? radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . | and what is exactly the difference between a nuclide and an isotope ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the relative atomic masses given in periodic table entries—like the one for hydrogen , below—are calculated for all the naturally occurring isotopes of each element , weighted by the abundance of those isotopes on earth . extraterrestrial objects , like asteroids or meteors , might have very different isotope abundance... | why does n't light pass through objects if 99.99 % is nothing or free space ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these two alternate forms of carbon are isotopes . some isotopes are stable , but others can emit , or kick out , subatomic particles to reach a more stable , lower-energy , configuration . such isotopes are called radioisotopes , and the process in which they release particles and energy is known as decay . | how can you determine which isotope is the stable one and which is the radioisotope one ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | on the basis of this fraction , the age of the material can be calculated with accuracy if it is not much older than about 50,000 years . other elements have isotopes with different half lives , and can thus be used to measure age on different timescales . for example , potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion year... | i mean , if everything starts out at the same age , and one year goes by ( which is the hypothetical half-life in this case ) , would n't that mean that all the particles are gone ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the ratio of the original isotope to its decay product and to stable isotopes changes in a predictable way ; this predictability allows the relative abundance of the isotope to be used as a clock that measures the time from the incorporation of the isotope ( e.g. , into a fossil ) to the present . for example , carbon ... | i heard that diamond is made out of carbon , and it is an another isotope of carbon ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | isotopes and radioactive decay as mentioned above , isotopes are different forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons . many elements—such as carbon , potassium , and uranium—have multiple naturally occurring isotopes . carbon-12 contains six protons , six neutrons , and ... | do all the elements transfer and get electrons ( take part in chemical reaction ) accept the noble gases ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this... | the article really does n't go in-depth with this but , where exactly in fossils are scientists looking when they 're carbon dating ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | carbon-14 contains six protons , eight neutrons , and six electrons ; its mass number is 14 ( six protons plus eight neutrons ) . these two alternate forms of carbon are isotopes . some isotopes are stable , but others can emit , or kick out , subatomic particles to reach a more stable , lower-energy , configuration . ... | what part of the fossil do they analyze when looking for radioisotopes and stable isotopes ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | will the atomic number of isotopes be the same or different ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | what 's the difference between the atomic mass and the mass number ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | other elements have isotopes with different half lives , and can thus be used to measure age on different timescales . for example , potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion years , and uranium-235 has a half-life of about 700 million years and has been used to measure the age of moon rocks $ ^2 $ . | how do you know the larger numbers of half-lives , such as potassium-40 having a half-life of 1.25 billion years and uranium-235 has a half-life of about 700 million years , if the discovery of the concept was only implemented in the last 100 or so years ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | extraterrestrial objects , like asteroids or meteors , might have very different isotope abundances . isotopes and radioactive decay as mentioned above , isotopes are different forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons . many elements—such as carbon , potassium , and ura... | is there a more in depth explanation of how a radioisotope can decay into another element ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | for example , if carbon 14 can decay to carbon 12 through the release of 2 neutrons , what determines whether another process occurs in which the carbon 14 decays to nitrogen 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | what causes a loss of protons in the decay to nitrogen 14 versus the loss of 2 neutrons versus the `` decay '' of carbon 14 to nitrogen 14 through the addition of a proton ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the relative atomic mass is an average of the atomic masses of all the different isotopes in a sample , with each isotope 's contribution to the average determined by how big a fraction of the sample it makes up . the relative atomic masses given in periodic table entries—like the one for hydrogen , below—are calculate... | is one proton added while a neutron is lost ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | is the number of radioisotopes ' neutrons always more than the number of other isotopes ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of protons , or atomic number , from the mass number . a property closely related to an atom ’ s mass number is its atomic mass . the atomic mass of a single atom is simply its total mass and is typically expressed in atomic mas... | what is the formula for finding the atomic mass of a atom ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope ... | so.. as the radioactive isotope kicks out its subatomic particles , it stabilizes ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | how does carbon-14 turn into nitrogen-14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons they contain . these different versions of elemen... | where does the extra proton come from ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | carbon-12 contains six protons , six neutrons , and six electrons ; therefore , it has a mass number of 12 ( six protons plus six neutrons ) . carbon-14 contains six protons , eight neutrons , and six electrons ; its mass number is 14 ( six protons plus eight neutrons ) . these two alternate forms of carbon are isotope... | does one of the neutrons turn into a proton ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the ratio of the original isotope to its decay product and to stable isotopes changes in a predictable way ; this predictability allows the relative abundance of the isotope to be used as a clock that measures the time from the incorporation of the isotope ( e.g. , into a fossil ) to the present . for example , carbon ... | if carbon isotope has 6 protons and seven neutrons in its nucleus what do you think this carbon isotope is called ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | on the basis of this fraction , the age of the material can be calculated with accuracy if it is not much older than about 50,000 years . other elements have isotopes with different half lives , and can thus be used to measure age on different timescales . for example , potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion year... | can radiation be beneficial to humans in a way that we can actually give humans different abilities ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons... | does radiation just happen on it 's own in our environment or is it all human made ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | who first discovered carbon-14 in the first place ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons... | why do atoms have energy ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | what happens if force holding protons together in nuclei for some reason becomes not strong enough ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope ... | how did james chandwick discover the presence of neutron in nucleii of atoms.. ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | why atomis number is defined as the number of protons in the nucleii.. ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | the ratio of the original isotope to its decay product and to stable isotopes changes in a predictable way ; this predictability allows the relative abundance of the isotope to be used as a clock that measures the time from the incorporation of the isotope ( e.g. , into a fossil ) to the present . for example , carbon ... | what molecules make up carbon-13 , carbon-13 and carbon-14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons... | when radiation therapy is used in cancer treatment , does that mean the radioactive particles are released to change the structure of the cancer cell ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | how long does it take for carbon 14 to decay to nitrogen 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | what is the difference between mass number and atomic mass ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | i know how to determine neutrons and protons now but how do you determine electrons ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these forms of carbon are found in the atmosphere in relatively constant proportions , with carbon-12 as the major form at about 99 % , carbon-13 as a minor form at about 1 % , and carbon-14 present only in tiny amounts $ ^1 $ . as plants pull carbon dioxide from the air to make sugars , the relative amount of carbon-1... | can we make light smaller in order to see the electron ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | is it harder to figure out how old something is if carbon-14 is mixed with something else ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in general , though , an atom 's atomic mass will be very close to its mass number , but will have some deviation in the decimal places . since an element ’ s isotopes have different atomic masses , scientists may also determine the relative atomic mass—sometimes called the atomic weight—for an element . the relative a... | in the second paragraph where you say that an element decays by releasing sub-atomic particles- what subatomic particles are released and how are they released ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | but what exactly does it mean for something to be radioactive ? radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . | what happens if an atom is charge-neutral ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as carbon-14 decays gradually to nitrogen-14 $ ^2 $ . after a half-life of approximately 5,730 years , half of the carbon-14 that was initially present will have been co... | seeing as to that the half life of carbon14 is an estimated 5730 years , does that mean that in an additional 5,730 years ( the total being 11,460 years ) the element will change or convert , completely , to nitrogen14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | is it possible for carbon 12 to become carbon 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | how are isotopes and the atomic mass number of an element similar ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of protons , or atomic number , from the mass number . a property closely related to an atom ’ s mass number is its atomic mass . the atomic mass of a single atom is simply its total mass and is typically expressed in atomic mas... | so what exactly is the difference between atomic mass an an atom 's mass number ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what atom we are looking at ( e.g. , all atoms with six protons are carbon atoms ) ; the number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number . in cont... | how are carbon atoms changing from atom to atom ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these forms of carbon are found in the atmosphere in relatively constant proportions , with carbon-12 as the major form at about 99 % , carbon-13 as a minor form at about 1 % , and carbon-14 present only in tiny amounts $ ^1 $ . as plants pull carbon dioxide from the air to make sugars , the relative amount of carbon-1... | i have a few questions , but i 'll start with just one : on the third paragraph of the subtitle isotopes and radioactive decay , in the end it says : as plants pull carbon dioxide from the air to make sugars , the relative amount of carbon-14 in their tissues will be equal to the concentration of carbon-14 in the atmos... |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | do you have anything on atomic data calculations ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has , you can simply subtract the number of p... | in the 4th paragraph it states that proton + neutron = mass number , where is the electron ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | other elements have isotopes with different half lives , and can thus be used to measure age on different timescales . for example , potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion years , and uranium-235 has a half-life of about 700 million years and has been used to measure the age of moon rocks $ ^2 $ . | how do we know what the expected concentration of a given isotope would have been on the earth 50,000 or 1 million or 1 billion years ago ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for instance—or , in the case of spider-man , a bite from a radioactive spider . but what exactly does it mean for something to be radioactive ? radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . | would n't changing climatic and geological conditions mean that concentrations would fluctuate over time ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | some isotopes are stable , but others can emit , or kick out , subatomic particles to reach a more stable , lower-energy , configuration . such isotopes are called radioisotopes , and the process in which they release particles and energy is known as decay . radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons... | what happens to the atoms when they decay ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive and nonradioactive versions that differ in the number of neutrons... | so do the atoms stop being radioactive and calm down ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | so , half of the carbon-14 in the atmosphere now will decay to nitrogen-14 in 5,730 years ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay to a different , relatively stable product . the ratio of the original isotope to its decay product and to stable isotopes changes in a predictable way ; this predictability allo... | how do scientists know the abundance of every isotope on earth ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | but what exactly does it mean for something to be radioactive ? radioactivity is actually a property of an atom . radioactive atoms have unstable nuclei , and they will eventually release subatomic particles to become more stable , giving off energy—radiation—in the process . often , elements come in both radioactive a... | since the subatomic particles make up the atom , how do the subatomic particles become existent ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | what 's the difference between the definitions of atomic mass and atomic mass number ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | could carbon 14 be harnessed as an nuclear weapon , since it is an unstable isotope ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | what makes carbon 12 a stable isotope and carbon 14 an unstable isotope ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | do all things have a atomic number ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this... | how do we determine the amount of carbon-14 in the atmosphere at the time of fossil 's death to be able to compare it with what 's left ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this... | do we just assume that the amount of carbon-14 in the atmosphere back then was the same as it is now ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay... | does radioactive decay occur in all living things ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | these different versions of elements are called isotopes , and small quantities of radioactive isotopes often occur in nature . for instance , a small amount of carbon exists in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon-14 , and the amount of carbon-14 found in fossils allows paleontologists to determine their age . in this... | do palentologists have to take a part of a fossil in order to determine the age of said fossil ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | extraterrestrial objects , like asteroids or meteors , might have very different isotope abundances . isotopes and radioactive decay as mentioned above , isotopes are different forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons . many elements—such as carbon , potassium , and ura... | is there a limit on how many isotopes there can be for an element ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | extraterrestrial objects , like asteroids or meteors , might have very different isotope abundances . isotopes and radioactive decay as mentioned above , isotopes are different forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons . many elements—such as carbon , potassium , and ura... | could n't there technically be an infinite amount of isotopes with infinite amounts of neutrons in the nucleus ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | do living things have carbon 12 or carbon 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay... | and can it decay inside the organism while it lives ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | for example , carbon is normally present in the atmosphere in the form of gases like carbon dioxide , and it exists in three isotopic forms : carbon-12 and carbon-13 , which are stable , and carbon-14 , which is radioactive . these forms of carbon are found in the atmosphere in relatively constant proportions , with ca... | so you are telling me that isotopes is that .01 in the 1.01 carbon ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | is nitrogen 14 what a fossil is made up of ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in general , though , an atom 's atomic mass will be very close to its mass number , but will have some deviation in the decimal places . since an element ’ s isotopes have different atomic masses , scientists may also determine the relative atomic mass—sometimes called the atomic weight—for an element . the relative a... | how do u know if you have created a man-made element , or an element such as dubnium ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | does anyone know how to read the diagram above of carbon 14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | why we do we use relative atomic mass instead of counting number of electrons , protons and neutron then calculating mass of these particles ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | since radioactive decay is the process of 'kicking out ' protons , should n't carbon-14 decay to boron-14 ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | what is an atomic number ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | if a stable atom of carbon has an atomic number of 6 , what will its electron configuration look like ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | radioactive decay can cause a change in the number of protons in the nucleus ; when this happens , the identity of the atom changes ( e.g. , carbon-14 decaying to nitrogen-14 ) . radioactive decay is a random but exponential process , and an isotope ’ s half-life is the period over which half of the material will decay... | how does a graph indicate radioactive decay ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in contrast , the number of neutrons for a given element can vary . forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes . together , the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element ’ s mass number : mass number = protons + neutrons . if you want to calculate how... | in other words , how does the number of neutrons affect the stability of the atom at all ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . | wiped out from this universe ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | as animals eat the plants , or eat other animals that ate plants , the concentrations of carbon-14 in their bodies will also match the atmospheric concentration . when an organism dies , it stops taking in carbon-14 , so the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in its remains , such as fossilized bones , will decline as car... | explain why carbon -14 is described as neutron - rich ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . | can someone explain strontium dating to me ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | on the basis of this fraction , the age of the material can be calculated with accuracy if it is not much older than about 50,000 years . other elements have isotopes with different half lives , and can thus be used to measure age on different timescales . for example , potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.25 billion year... | how do we know any of this knowledge is correct for all we know their could be a totally different name for it and besides you can , t just name something after your self ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | carbon-12 contains six protons , six neutrons , and six electrons ; therefore , it has a mass number of 12 ( six protons plus six neutrons ) . carbon-14 contains six protons , eight neutrons , and six electrons ; its mass number is 14 ( six protons plus eight neutrons ) . these two alternate forms of carbon are isotope... | how many neutrons does the most common isotope of hydrogen have ? |
introduction radioactivity pops up fairly often in the news . for instance , you might have read about it in discussions of nuclear energy , the fukushima reactor tragedy , or the development of nuclear weapons . it also shows up in popular culture : many superheroes ’ origin stories involve radiation exposure , for in... | in this article , we ’ ll look in more detail at the subatomic particles that different atoms contain as well as what makes an isotope radioactive . atomic number , atomic mass , and relative atomic mass atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons . in fact , the number of protons determines what a... | what is the atomic number to hydrogen ? |
overview from the 1820s to the 1840s , germans and irish were the two largest groups of immigrants to the united states . the germans and irish were frequently subjected to anti-foreign prejudice and discrimination . ultimately , the germans and irish assimilated into us culture and society and became two of the most s... | in the 1820s , nearly 60,000 irish immigrated to the united states . in the 1830s , the number grew to 235,000 , and in the 1840s—due to a potato famine in ireland—the number of immigrants skyrocketed to 845,000. $ ^2 $ the great irish famine , as it became known , resulted from a five-year blight that turned potato cr... | how many people lived in ireland during the potato famine ? |
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