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Come in, good morning. Hello, well what's your mum been doing to you this morning? Well she's just after the flu, near a fortnight ago now, she's on these pills and she's as bad as ever, and not sleeping again. She's finished them now. Let's have a look and see what you've done to your poor old inside. Dearie me. Driving your mother up the wall? Are you? Has your mum been bad to you? No? Have a wee look at your nose first. Better. Throat now. Stick your tongue right the way out now. Yes. Have you got any swollen glands in your neck? Yes, they're up. Okay? It's taking awful long, Doctor. Oh well it's, she's got sinus after this flu. It's just what's been happening to a lot of folk, sinus trouble. Do you like nice medicine or do you prefer those? Don't know. You're not bothered? She'll say that and then give you the horrible stuff in a bottle. I can put it in a bottle or I can give you tablets. In tablets. You prefer tablets alright then. Now this is quite a common thing after the flu to get a problem. Most times it's both but it's mainly the left hand side with Jenny. The skin from here's swollen right across and it's touching that hole in the middle and she's getting all blocked up and the stuff's running all the way down the back of your throat, that right? And you're coughing all night, keeping everybody awake? Aye, she doesn't bother but us in the next room, bother us. Oh right, right, just so it's just mum and dad we're. Now one of these in the morning and one at tea time. Twice a day, for the next week. One, two, three, four. Tell your mum she could be kinder to you, she's got to for even though she's already. Right oh, okay, bye. Cheerio now.
Well it's just that a pound, or a hundred pounds today, is not the same as a hundred pounds in a year's time, or two years' time. So that would be opportunity cost? That's right. So in actual fact, this area here is going to be the discounted sum of all future rural incomes. Now if we look at the rural instead of the urban wage rate up here, let's just say that it takes that amount of time before this individual gets a job in the urban area. Now if we discount the urban wages, that's all this. Why have you just discounted it to there? Why have you discounted it to W R? Well there's no need why that should be the case, it could look something like that. But the migrant's decision making process will be: is this area here greater than that area there? So this is the discounted sum in the urban area, and this is the discounted sum in agriculture. Clearly on the way I've drawn this diagram it is. But that's going to depend not only on the wage differential. If the wage differential is very large it's likely that this discounted sum is going to be larger than that. But it also depends on the time it takes to get the job. If we got a job somewhere out here then it clearly wouldn't be. So the time taken to get the job is going to be important. Now if we think of W U as being the expected value of the urban wage, and that equals the probability of getting a job multiplied by the actual urban wages, then this probability of getting a job is going to be important as well. And that's it then. An urban wage, a rural wage, we discount those wages over time, and that area there, shading the area in the blue sort of box, then it's going to be rational for this person to become a migrant. Even though this doesn't say anything about unemployment levels. The level of unemployment is within the time it takes to get a job, and also the probability of getting a job. So that's just what the Harrison model tells us. Unemployment rates are virtually unimportant in the migrant's decision. Unemployment rates now, it's because they may well be, if they're acting rationally, discount over a very long period of time. Okay just to ask, does this migration cause a problem? I thought that migration would be the cure of all ills, in that we've got wage differentials here in this hypothetical economy. Surely if you migrate that increases the supply of labour in the urban sector and reduces the supply of labour in the rural sector, so wage rates should equalize? No. Why don't wage rates equalize? Because the urban sector is normally considered to be a capital intensive sector, and the rural area in LDCs are considered more labour intensive. So obviously when you get an influx of labour, and changes to the capital to labour ratio.
Is this on yet? Yeah. Oh. Okay well, good morning. I have an important administrative message from the Biology Department office before we begin. It concerns the following. David, David and James, would you please report to the Head of Department's office straight away after this lecture. Okay well, I hope you'll remember from last week our discussion centered around the general way carriers and channels worked. I'd like to extend that discussion this week concerning channels to look at the biological properties of channels, that is viewing their activities in a physiological role. What I hope I can do before the end of the lecture is convince you that channels play an important role, not just in conventional excitable tissues like nerve and muscle, but also in a wide variety of cells and membranes. For those of you who get a little flustered at electrophysiological concepts, let me begin the lecture by reminding you that when we talk about the current through a channel, all we're talking about is a flux. We can express the flux simply by dividing by the Faraday constant. That's all the current is. The reason we talk in terms of currents is because the major methods used to analyze channel activity are electrophysiological ones. But in principle, there's no reason we cannot discuss the flux through a channel, its activity, in terms of moles per second. We saw that in the calculation I gave you at the end of last week's lecture. So let me begin this discussion of channels by pointing out the methods used for studying channels. For some of you who've done the neurophysiology course, this will be revision, but it will be pertinent to today's discussion. Okay, so let's look at the methods for studying channels. Until around 1980, the methods generally involved impalement of cells with glass microelectrodes. A microelectrode was fabricated and then put inside a cell and connected to an amplifier. Then the measurement of currents, electrical currents flowing across the membrane, could be analyzed using voltage clamp techniques. This is known, for reasons I'll point out in a second, as a macroscopic technique. The currents were usually identified through selective replacement of ions, and of course this can generally be done only in the external medium, because you don't have control over the internal medium. Secondly, by the response of the reversal potential of the current to a change in ion concentration. The reversal potential of that current should shift as the ion concentration shifts, if the current is being carried by that ion. That statement simply comes from the Nernst equation. And in conjunction with that, it's conventional to selectively apply antagonists to block the currents not being studied. That is, if you know one particular current is antagonized by a particular toxin, for example, and you're not interested in that current, then you block it. Okay, what are the disadvantages of this technique? Well first of all, as I've just mentioned, you can't control the internal medium, unless you're dealing with some very special large types of cells, and therefore you can't address all the interesting questions.
Okay. So, what kind of experience do you have with child care? I guess I wonder if that worked. Does it say something? I think it usually does. You might try to hold it down a little longer and see if it works. Okay. Well, does it usually make a recording? Okay. I don't remember. It seemed like it did, but it might not. I guess we can start. Okay. No, I don't have any kids. My sister just had a baby. He's about five months old and she was worrying about going back to work and what she was going to do with him. Do you have kids? I have three. Oh, really? Yes, I do. I don't work, though, but I used to work when I had two children. I work off and on just temporarily and usually find friends to babysit, but I don't envy anybody who's in that situation to find day care. Yeah. But does your sister live in a big community? Yeah, she lives in a fairly large community. She got real lucky, though. She had a boss who moved into a larger office and she's able to take her baby to work with her. Oh, really? And it's a small office that she works in. It's a legal firm office, and it's just one lawyer and so she's the only one really that takes care of the office. There's no one else that works there. And so they have an extra room and everything for the baby, so it works out pretty good for her. Wow. How lucky. I know a lot of people around here sometimes have mothers or grandmothers that take care of their kids, but the community I'm in is not a real large one, so there are a lot of people who babysit in their homes that you either know them or know somebody who knows them. Yeah, so it's fairly safe. Yeah, to get references and that. I don't feel comfortable about leaving my kids in a big day care center simply because there's so many kids and so many. Worried that they're not going to get enough attention? Yeah, and colds and things like that get spread real easy and things. But they're expensive and, of course, there's a lot of different types of day care available, too, where they teach them academic things or they just watch them and let them play and things like that. But it takes a long time to find the right place. Yeah, and you don't always even know if it's going to be the right place or not. Anything, I guess, could happen. Because after he gets to a certain age she's going to have to take him to a day care. Uh-huh, when he starts toddling around and stuff. Yeah. When she can't keep control of him and he starts crawling. It would be hard. I think it would be kind of stressful. It would be nice to have him around, but what if he cried at the wrong time or the phone rang at the wrong time? Yeah. I think she has problems with that, too. Well, when you have kids, will you?
You want me to start again? Yeah. Right, could you tell me about how you left school please? I was let go. Well it was nineteen thirteen, I know that because I was thirteen. You see I was born in nineteen hundred so that means to say that when it's nineteen ninety eight I'll be ninety eight. I think they did that so I could reckon my age up more easily. But nineteen thirteen I went to this examination and it was called a Labour Examination, and if you were able to pass this examination you could leave school at thirteen. Well it'd probably be the June or July before I went in for this exam, which they didn't hold very frequently and then I had to pass this exam and that I could leave school in the August, Bank Holiday. So I left in the Bank Holiday and I went to work at the first job, my father worked there on Street. And my job there was turning socks what you'd call halfoes you know men's socks, from one side to the other on a piece of wood. You know you'd pull the stocking onto this wood, put your finger on the back, turned it over and threw it down. And we used to get the work come to us all jumble up in wagons, and throw it onto a bench and then of course you'd got to pick the top before you could turn it. We did that and we counted it in bunches of five dozens, tied them up with two other stock socks tied together, and when we'd done, I'll know this figure's right two thousand four hundred socks we got six pence. That's two and half pence in today's money. But strange to relate I can remember on a number of occasions earning a golden half sovereign, you know real gold it was then, the gold coins. Nineteen thirteen, fourteen, fifteen. And so it was a reasonably good wage but when I first started of course I wasn't on piece rate, you used to get a penny an hour, when we worked Saturday morning got about six and sixpence a week. And that's how I went on. Now in nineteen fifteen, of course the War had started and I can remember this so well because the day after my birthday there was a raid, a Zeppelin raid and I saw this Zeppelin and that day the thirty first of January nineteen fifteen when this raid was, I went to work at six in the morning and I finished work at quarter to nine at night. This wasn't regular, the real hour was half past six until six o'clock but when we were very busy you could stop as long as you like nobody'd ever bother. All the boss used to say, Well if anybody comes round that you don't know just go and hide in a hamper. You know in case there was any inspector or anybody but I don't remember anybody ever coming. We just worked as long as we liked and it was hard work of course it was, turning these socks like that, two, well it was hundred dozen pays, that's two thousand four hundred. And you used to get sixpence for that. So how much could you earn in a week? Well I could earn a golden half sovereign. That was it. Did this go to your, did you live with your mother at the time, with your parents? Oh of course I was only fourteen. Of course and so anyway I started work in August nineteen thirteen and when December came around there was a strike. And at that time the hosiery finishing union had perhaps got eight hundred nine hundred members spread over perhaps eight factories.
I actually wanted to say that I didn't really want to go as far as, for example, deciding that the chair what they are voting would be within the resources available. The other area we explored in some depth was whether the library room could be combined to library or to library, but we've left it to them to make a decision. They appear to have decided that a mixed pattern has emerged. Some libraries want their own library group; others are quite happy to be joined with one or more libraries within the adjoining group. The constitution does in fact provide that investment wish. What we haven't said is what those who should be at maximum membership and to their claim will common sense not to make it too large, otherwise it might turn out to be more than sensible discussion among a reasonable amount of people. But then to decide that equally to encourage them to find ways and means of the public other than library users who will be represented on the committee. I vote that this is a good point for other activities for the County Council in a few years, that you will find people anxious to support. Thank you, gentlemen. Thank you. Is there a seconder to that? I'll second that. Seconded by. Do you wish to speak now? Yes, I would, Mr. Chairman. I concur with every word and confirm that support mostly. I have been given notice that there is one proposed amendment, which I intend to call now because then we can vote on the whole thing. No, actually. Sorry. Sorry, I saw it. Yes, I beg your pardon, I'm sorry. I would like to speak. You wish to speak? Sorry, right. Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to move a very small amendment to do the second membership on item four, where it says up to three represent the area, etcetera. Now, the which I am currently a member of includes three libraries, and there are in fact five County Councils involved in the area of those three libraries when in fact Bushey has its own Bushey. But I would like to see.
Order. Just a couple of announcements, colleagues. If any delegates who smoke have any Embassy cigarette coupons, could you pass them to any members of the Northern Region? They are used by the South Tyneside Local Authority Branch to help buy a camcorder for the Sullivan member who recently underwent surgery to remove a tumor from his brain. So don't throw them away, colleagues. Hand them to any delegate from the Northern Region. Colleagues, I want to let you know what I have in mind concerning the business that fell off the agenda yesterday and today so far. You'll recall that the regional reports in the General Secretary's report fell off the agenda yesterday, and there are a number of resolutions which have fallen off this morning. What I'm planning to do is to put them back in the order they fell off. Colleagues, could you settle down, please? I'm planning to put them back on the agenda in the order that they fell off. Hopefully, the first opportunity may be Wednesday afternoon, but I need to have a discussion with colleagues about that. I'll certainly let you know at the first available opportunity. Colleagues, Standing Orders Commission report number two, John. President and Congress. Standing Orders Committee report number two. Composite three, contributions earnings related scale, due for debate on Wednesday afternoon, will now be moved by Liverpool, North Wales and Irish Region and seconded by Southwestern Region. Two further composite reports have been agreed. Composite thirty-two, toxic shock syndrome, comprising motion two five nine, Lancashire Region and motion two six O, Southwestern Region, both due for debate on Tuesday afternoon. Lancashire Region to move, Southwestern Region to second. Composite thirty-three, age discrimination, comprising motion three five seven, G M B Scotland and motion three five eight and three five nine, both Lancashire Region. All due for debate on Thursday morning. Lancashire Region to move, G M B Scotland to second. The committee has ruled that an emergency motion from the Midland and East Coast Region, pit review and closures, is in order and will be emergency motion number two. The committee has been informed that the following motions have been withdrawn. Motion one two two, from London Region due for debate on Tuesday morning and motion four two O from Birmingham and West Midlands Region due for debate on Thursday afternoon. The committee has given permission for the bucket collection to be taken on behalf of our colleagues at the end of the Tuesday morning session. The committee has given permission for a bucket collection to be taken on behalf of the Matthew trust fund at the end of the Wednesday morning session. Will the Regional Officers responsible for all these collections please contact the Congress Office to make the appropriate arrangements. President, I move. Thanks very much indeed. Conference accepts Standing Orders Commission report number two. Thanks very much, that's being circulated, colleagues. Colleagues, I now call motion three, rule six, appeals procedure for members, for the South Western Region to move. President, Congress and our inclusive visitors as well, because nobody's mentioned them yet. Denise from the Southwestern Region. I'm here to talk about the rule which applies to appeals procedures for members. I don't suppose many have read it in depth, to be honest.
Okay Ron, thanks for coming over. You've got the brochure and the application form. This is my first chance to look through this, so could I ask you to wait while I read? The six companies where we market our brochures or products are represented there. For your background, there's an obvious group, but those are the six companies. If I can just read through this. That company we bought in June last year, so it's a fairly new launch for us, but they're... I have an idea myself for the golf. That was supplying them with a complete tee marker board with a plan of the hole and an advert on that particular hole. On the board. Advertise that hole and just basically supply the tee markers free of charge. Yes, all the tees on my own course are sponsored by local businesses. Well, that's what I was going to do personally. That's individual eighteen holes, mind you. What I was going to do was just get a good quality joiner to give me a price for doing that and then I basically sell the advertising. We've just completed up here and one or two others, so we're getting some big boys in now. But you've not done that particular idea with tees? No, we are publishers and printers. That's where our background is. That's where we've been for the last twenty years. This company was already doing it and we bought it into the fold. Can I just pick up on one or two points, Ron? At present you are employed and you've got a company car. Have you got your own car? No, but that's no problem to buy a car. Well, if you think it's no problem, fine. So rather than have two cars plus a company car, I just sold my car. Well, I understand that. A lot of people do that. However, a car is needed to do this job, so I home in on that. When you come down for a training course, if we decide this is for you, they expect to see a car. In other words, it will help me driving. They won't allocate an assignment unless you have a car. It's as simple as that because we could send you off to St Andrews or something like that. I'm homing in on the golf on the basis that you're a representative for a company involved with golf equipment. Sports or just golf industry? Oh, I've seen there. In fact, my wife's got a set of Howsons. Has she? Yes. You've been with them since August. Why are you? Well, quite simply, I'll read the letter to you that I dictated to the Sales Manager a week ago. It says, To Mr. Sales and Marketing Director. Dear Graham, Further to our recent conversation by telephone, I now wish to put on paper my complaints regarding you and the company. You employed me in August nineteen ninety-three to join Sports UK on their behalf. Your offer of employment was accepted on the terms of the contract agreed that if my figures attained would reach your targets, I could earn twenty-five thousand per annum minimum. The salary would be my basic salary plus commission plus bonus.
LEAT, our local Environment Action Teams initiative, proved to be so outstanding. LEAT was designed to encourage employees and their families to undertake voluntary work to improve the environment. Employees were awarded sums of money between a hundred pounds and fifteen thousand pounds to tackle projects in partnership with national or local voluntary organisations. When the scheme was announced, the need for individual as well as corporate action was underlined. In this area and others we support, it's the individuals which make a company's role in the community so well received. Individual contact, much more than organisation to organisation, is a way barriers between the sectors are broken down, and a way we can understand each other's motives and ideals. So these are just some of the ways we're working to empower the voluntary sector. As I said earlier, this is one of the key focus areas for the nineties. The other three focus areas, to complete my story, are education, the environment and information technology for people with disabilities. All of these areas enable us to create long term partnerships with the groups and organisations we're committed to help, and all of them enrich IBM's own long term aims. For instance, by encouraging an active interest in the environment in which we live, and by supporting groups or promoting cleaner technology, less pollution and less waste, we're ensuring the quality of life for future generations, and also the potential for future business opportunities. And by offering management skills training courses to heads and deputy heads of schools, we're helping schools become more adept at self management. These initiatives also enable IBM to offer the voluntary sector, as an alternative to cash, one of our most valuable assets: our people and their time. Groups who've got to know IBM over the years will know that one further advantage of our concentration on specific areas for investment is that we're able to measure degrees of success rather more easily. Surveys are a way of life with an IBM, as they are in many companies today. Annual surveys, opinion surveys, satisfaction surveys, meetings assessments, canteen questionnaires—we're obsessed with measurement. If you can't measure it, you can't manage it. IBM employees rarely go to a conference, attend a meeting or take part in a course without being asked whether it met their expectations, whether it was too long, too short, too dull, or just too much. The reason for this is simple. How do you know whether anything has been a success, or whether you're doing anything right, unless you ask? And we expect this rationale to follow through into our community investment programme. We like to see how a project is progressing, find out what use groups make of our support, discover how a training course helped their staff. I recognise that the voluntary sector is increasingly being asked to evaluate its work for its funders, and equally we want to know how we, in IBM, measure up to your expectations. If we're not doing it right, we need to know. This is one of the reasons we took part in a pilot evaluation scheme, funded by IBM Corporation, to measure the expectations of the various communities and see what impact we were having through our investment programme. The pilot was carried out at two of our locations: Greenock in Scotland, where we have a manufacturing and development site.
Fifty to three hundred and fifty pounds and Lot one four three three hundred and fifty to four hundred and fifty pounds. I'll remind you of those again as I reach the various Lots. And we commence this morning with Lot number one. Lot number one is showing to my right here, the ivory carving at fifty pounds. At fifty pounds at fifty pounds you want it for fifty pounds, thank you sir. Fifty I've got now, fifty pounds is offered at fifty five at fifty five, sixty, sixty five seventy, seventy five eighty five ninety ninety pounds in the back row at ninety and selling for ninety pounds, any further bids at ninety pounds at ninety pounds. Thank you sir, it's yours for ninety pounds. Number six O six. Lot number two. Lot two is a Japanese ivory carving we've got that showing for you for seventy five pounds at seventy five pounds, eighty, eighty five, ninety offered I'm offered ninety pounds and I'm selling it for ninety, ninety five, a hundred pounds and ten one twenty thirty a hundred and thirty for you sir, coming in at one thirty in the back row, one thirty and selling for a hundred and thirty pounds. The same buyer thank you, one thirty. Six O six. Lot number three. Lot number three the Canton trays there we are there we've got a sample showing for you Lot number three, there are seven of them in the Lot all seven of them for a hundred and fifty pounds at one hundred and fifty, sixty, seventy, one eighty, one ninety, two hundred, two twenty, forty, sixty two eighty I'm offered two hundred and eighty pounds you're on three hundred for you sir three hundred three twenty three fifty, three eighty go to four hundred four twenty four fifty four eighty five hundred and fifty and you bet against you both now five hundred and fifty is offered against you both now, five fifty five hundred and fifty pounds. Thank you that's a lady's offer at five fifty and that's six eleven, thank you. Lot number four. Lot number four the rectangular box and we have that showing Lot number four at eighty pounds for this and eighty pounds and eighty five, ninety pounds at ninety pounds any more at ninety pounds only at ninety all ninety pounds ninety pounds. Thank you Lot number five. Lot number five the circular mirror this the mirror fifty pounds for this one at fifty pounds, at fifty five, at fifty five pounds at fifty five pounds all done? At fifty five only, at sixty, thank you, at sixty five sixty five again at sixty five if you're all finished at sixty five pounds. Thank you. Lot number six. Lot six a Canton card case this the card case showing I've got several offers I've got to start at three hundred pounds got that in several places three hundred three twenty, three fifty, eighty, four hundred I bid four hundred, four twenty, four fifty at four hundred and fifty pounds, anybody else? Four fifty and selling for four hundred and fifty pounds, all done at four fifty. Number ninety four, thank you, four fifty. Excuse me please, is it possible for you to speak a bit louder. I'll try for you yes. Thank you. Lot number seven. Lot seven the rosewater sprinkler Lot number seven there it is a hundred pounds for this one, one hundred pounds and ten, a hundred and ten pounds. Any more at one hundred and ten only, one twenty, one thirty one forty, fifty one sixty, seventy one seventy one eighty, the lady's bid sir do you want to come in? One eighty coming in? One hundred and eighty pounds with the lady at one eighty and selling for one eighty in the back row. One
Policy H two and the matters which are outstanding from our discussion yesterday are those which relate to the criteria and also the question of whether the policy should include specific guidance on the location of the new settlement. However before we embark on that, there are two outstanding matters which were raised yesterday and I'd just like to know how far progress has been made in dealing with those. One was the definition as far as it can be made of what is meant by the Greater York area. And also the compilation of the commitments etcetera by the Greater York area again related to the Greater York area. On the former, Greater York, I think I did undertake to consult with the county surveyor on the relationship journey to work and commuting around Greater York and that work is in hand this morning. I doubt whether it will appear by one o'clock. But it will be in, it is being pursued. Thank you very much. On the second issue the commitments in Greater York, Mr has made good progress on this and he's had discussions this morning with district colleagues and hopefully we are nearly there on that one. Will that be ready by the end of the morning or are we looking at Tuesday morning for that? Hopefully by the end of the morning, we'll do our best for the end of the morning. Now we want to embark on a discussion of matters C and D under issues. But before we do that, and you're having given to you a piece of paper, headed possible scenarios for panel reporting on the new settlement. A very minor point, when you get it, those who have got it already, would you just draw a line from the top line which says discussed criteria, down to the box which says evaluate sectors around York etcetera. Now by way of introduction to this, we had some deep thinking last night after we'd concluded our discussion, and I have to preface what I'm going to say, certainly for Mr 's benefit that it's the if question, the if question. As we see it, there are two possible courses on the new settlement that in fact you end up if you look at the right hand side of that sheet of paper, with four possible answers. But if I start with A. If it is considered that a new settlement is required to meet the housing provision in Greater York, then the first question that has to be asked is, is the criteria approach alone acceptable. If the answer to that is yes, then we proceed to discuss the criteria and the panel could proceed to report accordingly on those. If the answer is no, and here this is linked to the question of should the policy include specific guidance for the location of the settlement, and by specific guidance, it implies, should it be allocated to a particular district, then in order to do that, the panel feel that we would have to be in a position of having sufficient information to make an objective and logical decision on that. And that may well entail during the discussion on D an evaluation around York to decide which maybe the appropriate sectors of which is the appropriate host authority. If we find we have enough information, to proceed it's all ifs I know. But if we find we have enough information to proceed to make a positive recommendation, on the new settlement and the host district for that, then we would report accordingly. If we find or feel that we haven't got sufficient information to make a proper recommendation.
There will be no wavering from the course of reform. There will be no more compromises with people whose views are beyond the pale. Thus, Gorbachev finally called for a free market, free elections, and freedom for the Soviet Republics that want to leave the Union. The traumas of the last week will reverberate through history. Are you rejoicing, or is your jubilation tempered with unease? A nuclear superpower is now utterly unstable. Authority has broken down. The infrastructure has virtually collapsed. Last night there were dire warnings of civil strife and even civil war. How should we respond? What should we do to help rebuild the frail economy and prevent old scores from being settled in ways which will lead to even further insecurity? We must ensure that their domestic problems don't spill out across their borders. Today John Major will discuss the West's response with the Americans, and Douglas Hurd will meet our European partners. Should we too accept part of the blame for last week's turbulent events? Have we been beguiled by Mr. Gorbachev? Have we lacked the courage to support the radical reformists and breakaway Republics? What hopes and fears do you have? Please do call. With me is the professor of Russian studies at London University, Geoffrey Hoskin, and on the line from Blackpool already, Peter White. What do you feel about the developments over the last few days? Are you rejoicing at them? I am tentatively and provisionally very hopeful, but I am fearful of a number of things. I have three observations in respect of them. I think Mr. John Major should plead with George Bush not to let the CIA start its own secret foreign policy deals, either with the rump of Soviet central power or with the separating Republics. I think that the CIA would accelerate the potential for chaos. I don't think one needs necessarily to look at 1789 or 1917 to know how great will be the dangers of civil war, possibly starting from internal boundary disputes, or of militaristic counter-coups which threaten neighbors. I think we should therefore hold tight until a clear pattern emerges and certainly avoid international incidents which might tempt the Red Army, either at Union level or in the Republics. Finally, I think perhaps one useful thing we could do is to assist initially, and I stress initially, well-disposed Republics with bread and sausages. Freedom from Communism is not going to last very long if it's identified with a freedom to starve. Liberalism and democracy don't flourish on an empty stomach. Is there a danger, Geoffrey Hoskin, that the instability in the Soviet Union, if one can still call it a Union, could affect us? Could it spill out across its borders? Yes, there certainly is. We have this huge empire on our Eastern frontiers with nuclear weapons, possibly descending into major civil war and communal violence. There are people with unknown ambitions and frontiers that they want to adjust and so on. So it seems to me first of all that we should maintain a state of military preparedness, not because the Soviet Union is likely to attack us, but simply because it represents this huge area of instability on our Eastern frontiers. But I think also we should be more positive. I don't think we want to do secret deals in CIA style. In fact, I think we want the maximum of open diplomacy. I think we can help the Soviet populations to get through this.
Can you get it all sorted out? What's the? Are you going up tonight with your da like? What? Are you going up tonight with your da like? No. You're not? No. Your daddy's gonna go up apartments. Come on. See where you? What? See. Aye and a lovely job? A bit er. Listen Mark come on. Right. Our Michael tried to steal my gel this morning. What? Michael tried to steal my gel this morning. You know when you were shouting at him? What? Know when you were shouting at him? Aye. That's what he was doing, hoping I was asleep. Well will you bring Mark? Fibreglass. Aye. There's someone at the door. Aye. That's. Right Mark, come on. Right. I forget where I was now. I'm gonna fibreglass all down and everywhere. What got in that loft Mark? Angela's toys. Is that all? And Christmas stuff. Ah. And two suitcases. And all the rest are bits and pieces everything's going off to Thomas. Yeah. I don't know what way your daddy's gonna fix them carpets down to the floor. Yeah I'll have to get. I mean it's solid concrete. I think you need lots of rolls of two sided tape. Aye. And stick them down. Oh come on Mark! Do you know this morning. You go down and bring the hoover up? Aye. And then I'll clean the bathroom. Yeah. I'll not get anything else done out the back. Why? Well the rain and it's gonna shower all day. I mean you can't paint till you. Right. Come on. Right. You putting that bit of carpet down till your daddy come along and done that on it. Yeah I know. And I was doing alright myself, I shouldn't've let him do it. Mark whenever you start drag him off into the cupboard. I know. You wanna've seen your face, your face, you didn't know what had hit you, you just went oh dear. You order me? No. But if you get up and give me a hand. Right I'm getting up now. And we'll. Was hoping this afternoon to get the curtain rail. I know he does. Get up late this morning. You sure you given him the right size. Aye, ten and a half curtains for and she's gonna get the net curtains. Was Alex saying that young couple across the way from Thomas only moved in last week? Aye. That was working on the car? That's the one downstairs. No the one downstairs has been there quite a while. That's the one I mean, that's the one that was working on the car. Oh that blond haired guy? Aye. Does he live below Thomas? Erm no at the other side. Oh at the other side. Aye he wanted, he offered to give us a hand though. Och did he? Of course he was talking to. Och well that was nice of him Mark. I mean you know you don't always get people that will give you a wee helping hand. Och well he's got all his basic stuff there now, it's only a matter of sorting it all out. Ah I know. Getting himself organized. Should've sorted out I mean I can't go up, I can't go up and give him any more help cos I'm working tonight and tomorrow night. Oh today. Our Michael's forgot where he, has forgot where he's hid his Nintendo tape. Mark yesterday it was in his box in his wee desk. That's what he says. I've seen it. Oh Mark. When I made that bed yesterday it was sitting in there. Maybe. Honest to God, I seen it. Right come on, come on get your room done clean up wardrobe up. Right. Were gonna meet Albert and all up in the park last night. Were you? Aye. Sure you knew you were gonna help to let Thomas in. Oh I didn't think I was gonna be that long. Ah Mark, when you're moving house! Did our Michael get your hairspray? What? Did Michael get your hairspray? Did he get me it? Get your hairspray last night er this morning. Oh left it in t.
At the bottom of the street, which house? Mine and hers taxi, Bluebird taxis. To the bottom of us. Hiya, hiya. Shh. Hello Colin, one of the musketeers here, Candice. Aha, a few minutes, right, cheers Colin, tarrah. Why are we watching that tape over there? Oh, it's where? Private taxis, isn't it? One of the musketeers. You'll get it. By the way, I've got me. What have you been saying about me, Jimmy? Jimmy, by the way. I haven't said nothing. She's switched tapes. Say, by the way Jim, you could have fixed that boiler, take everyone off the pipes. That's it, just send our love. Oh no, no, put the stuff back in the box. That's off yours. I've put the stuff back in the box, my console and my old radio. Can't throw anything out on a stormy night. Is that not my bulb? Ma? Mum? Er, everything got there, it's gotta be sent in there, it's gotta be sent back. Aha. Where's the wiring harness? The old one? Is it in the... Where's the box? When Saturday? Tomorrow night. Oh tomorrow, what time? Yeah, tomorrow six till seven, 'cos I couldn't wait. Oh, I'm on till seven. Will you be awake when you get to the bus stop then? Half one. Eh? He might take us on er, eh, he might take us up Newcastle. Hey, fancy dad watching. Get lost. No. How are you, mam? Eh? Oh, stop it Sharon. No, I think we've got a good... It gets not too much, gets not too much. Well, maybe as my dad was saying, conservatives erm should be and everything, but they didn't, they didn't. They didn't, they, you know. They didn't. They got to see that. Oh. Dad, dad was years ago. Aha, aha. When it was foreseen that what was gonna happen. There was even a sketch in the papers about... Hiya. All the land would be, you know, heartland and things like that. Labour always get in Shields though, anyways, don't they? Mm. It's very, always has. I'm confusing 'em, I don't know who I'm... I don't think I'm gonna vote at all. As they say, when in doubt, do nowt. You should vote. One person's saying Labour and the other one's saying Tory. You make your own mind up, pet, nobody does it for you. Everybody's got their opinions, love, we've got... You've got to, you've got to go your what you think. You vote for who you want. Let's face it. It doesn't matter who you vote for, you could be wrong. Yes. Aye. But it doesn't matter which government gets in, they're gonna do something wrong. They're all like that. It doesn't matter which government gets in, they're all gonna make mistakes. Mm. The next, the politicians. Well, I suppose they've, they've got to be, you know. They're stopping trade. Wheyey. I'll tell you what, there's been no good in the other party's. That's, that's all they've done. They haven't said what exactly what they're gonna do, big parties. That's all they're thinking on, all just slagging each other off really, aren't they. Yes. They always do and they always will do. Kinnock's photograph in front of the Sun this morning. Aha. Big headlines saying if Labour get in today, will the last person out of Britain please put the lights out. Something like that. If Labour get in, what? Kinnock on the front of the paper this morning, the Sun, his head was inside the light bulb. It said, if Labour get in to the government today, will the last person who leaves Britain please put the light out. Er, what you having, cheese? Aha. Well, I've got my chocolate. They're good, you know, are you not getting any? John, you know those novelties, M and Ms? Any of them in the warehouse or anywhere? I sent them back, mother. You sent them back. Ah, there we are.
Alright. Oh it's still going. Oh God! No I'm making a right mess here. Yep. That's good. I've seen it down over there. That's alright though. See I need a new map. I gotta come out. The amount of time I've... Whoops! Can I ask a selfish question? Yeah. What's that County Down on? That's just here. And? I've got one left. Use that one. Have you got one to go with it? You want to go so far there. I've got a dart, yeah I've got a name. Is it? To be honest with you, I haven't got a clue. I don't know where it is. Stanwell, are they a part? Stanwell, ask her there? No, yeah. That ought to go there. Like that one? Very quiet today. Ooh nice! Manchester, I think. Yeah, well it's good. Well I thought Manchester is over... No, Manchester's over there. This one is for me. Oh nearly everybody... Is it? Likes this one. 'Cos that's what, it's up the... I don't know whether... country isn't it? Towards there. I'll tell you where the next one is. It's probably along there. Part, near to that. Has anybody got any Blu-Tack? Yeah I got this. I mean not Blu-Tack, Tippex. Oh nothing. No. We never get any. Right. So that's only... Terry. Yeah? Yeah, here's one I prepared earlier. It's on a bit. I'm all finished now, I can't do any more. What number's that? Erm, as you say... How we doing folks? The... it's, you know... Terrible! It's so... Hopefully on the... Yeah fine. Terrible! One, is the one up, did you say it was Wales? Everybody stop when you get to these two. I think so. Where have I put it all? I'm using your clip. Aye. There's no panic on. No it's not, no. I'll never get it done quickly. Not through me I'm not. That's what they said it is. Everyone just says look at the points. If we were doing that. Yes. Are we ready? Have we tried our best? I've gotta get something though. Where did you put... Oh I've got one, not put on. Ooh! Why haven't I got... There's a few I haven't put on. I don't know. Yeah. Yeah. Go on, I didn't... Stop. Have anything. Stop then. Have you put your label at the top of the page? Oh no I didn't. No. Mm mm. Stop. Too late, done the test. Mm. Oh. Pass your paper one, no, the other way to your right. Pass them to your right and then to the left again. Oh! It's there then isn't it? And then to the left. Okay. Oh. And I want you to mark your colleagues' paper okay? This is gonna be fun for someone. You don't even know what you've put or something. Just with a tick and a cross. Can you... Why? Put the corrections in a... Eh? Perhaps a... Bloody hell! A bracket. Well I ain't telling you. Okay? I have no problem talking about you. Well... Can you see those at the back? Yeah, I think you'll have to go round a bit. Nope. Let me take you through them. Ooh! Aberdeen. Yep. Mhm. Yeah. I'm going to go clockwise, yes? Mhm. Sterling depot. Number three, clockwise, Glasgow. Yeah. Carlisle. How many have got them all right so far? That's clockwise. Janey's got all of hers right. No, that's why I said clockwise. Sorry. Andy, will you put your line across there. What? What you got on mine? That's border of Scotland Andy. Oh right. I'll just move my border up, don't worry. Durham. Oh I see what you mean, I'm following the names clockwise, not the dots on there. Sorry, Durham is next, sorry. On the right, on that picture is Bradford. Mm mm. You got that... Do you work in... you do an extra one. What, are you... No. Durham and Bradford. Oh God! That's alright, I got Bradford wrong as well. The next one is Rotherham. Oh thanks. Gonna have more brackets. Yeah you got...
Just thinking what we'll start off with. I think I'll give you some homework that you could do for the week. So it'll be based on what we do today, based on technical names of notes and intervals. Things like that. Don't remember whether we actually did any of the technical names of the scale before? How many notes are there in a scale? Eight. Right. So each one of those is going to have a name of its own, with the first and last of course are gonna be called the same thing. And it's the tonic. You've probably heard that name before. Tonic. Because I think we've probably talked about tonic chords and things like that. Tonic is the first degree of the scale. So in the key of C major, C will be the tonic. Now the next note, the second, is called the supertonic. It's immediately above the tonic. And so would that be like D? That would be D. Or in the key of G it would be A. And so on. The mediant is the third degree of the scale, and it's called mediant because it lies exactly halfway between the first note and the fifth note, which is also a very important note in the scale, which we'll come to in a minute. So mediant is the third and it lies in the middle. Subdominant again is the fourth. And I'll explain why in a moment. Fifth is the dominant. It's a very important note. Dominant means that it's important, doesn't it? And then the submediant, because it lies halfway between the upper tonic, the eighth note of the scale, and the subdominant. So that's called the submediant. And then the mediant is called the mediant because it lies halfway between the tonic and the dominant. So you've got the mediant between one and five. Submediant between eight and four. And that actually shows you slightly better. That little diagram. If C is the tonic, G is the dominant, so in the middle comes the mediant. And think of that as the upper tonic. And that would be F would be the fourth degree. So that becomes submediant. Right. And seventh note is the leading note because it's leading you up to the tonic again. Tonic, supertonic, mediant, subdominant. The lower dominant in other words, and it's called subdominant because it's five notes below the upper tonic. So the dominant is five notes above the tonic and the subdominant is five notes below the tonic. Right. If you like underneath the lower one. That just helps you to remember why each one is called that. Okay, and in fact I've given you part of your homework is to write out the technical names with a very brief explanation of why. And you can use this little book for now. I think we've got one of those at home certainly. So you can use that, can't you? I'll put the page numbers so you'll be okay there. The other thing I'm going to talk about are intervals. I can't remember whether in grade three you did intervals, wasn't it? Yes, you've had to do intervals in oral tests, haven't you? So you know things like major second, major thirds, perfect fourths and perfect fifths? Did you have to go as far as that? No, we didn't. Right. Okay. Let's refer back to C major scale because it's the nice easy one. It's all white notes. So there's nothing to worry about as far as sharps or flats go. There's the eight notes of the C major scale.
I just remembered junction thirteen. Fourteen. Right. Oh! I don't know what to do with this. So you know what you did last year? Nope. I don't know what to do. Just stay here with this. I reckon you should speak to Mr. and see where they went. They might cause more trouble than that. Mm. You might be right. Aye. Depends what. Actually, we've seen it before but they've got a huge big and it didn't look that big. Mhm. I mean, it's much wider than there. It's like, something like mine, the back end of the chairs. Aye. Er, probably. And it didn't squeak a lot though. Much better isn't it? Well I'd just got it in, and the doorbell went, it was Berty and Joke. Joke had on his uniform and all that. Mhm. Er Joke went to Berty, and he says well you better tell her, you've arranged it all! What's wrong? What is it? He says, well he'll tell you, you know. Well what is it then? And er he says well Berty's arranged for a van to get this suite. So I says when? When? He says, as soon as possible. I said, well how soon's that? And I thought, oh gee! She says half five? Jesus Christ! This is only what, ten to five. God! Doesn't leave me with much time. So er says right, I'll see you later, and just as we'd gone away Joke got back out the car er, and she says don't worry about the money. And I said, I've got it there. And er, she said I didn't worry you and er he turned round and just leave it there, so I think he's coming to get it Saturday. So that settles that. Yeah. It was er Dave's brother, oh er Andy. Mhm. His brother. It was about quarter past eight when he comes in. Berty just got here. Mhm. Well if he's done the building then, yeah. Carole's got it. Cos she's got this and exchange it. Aye. Cos she's got a hundred pound. That's right. That's why she's swapping. My er, cos I don't. Aha. It was actually alright apart from the cushions on the couch. Aye. They were very well that worn one's. Cos they're the same, it's, you know, roughly the same. Does she want? Yeah. So the I'm talking about having the bloody money to do this, you know. Yeah. So when they brought the seat back it was about quarter to six I think. I think they got all in including the settee I think. Mhm. And I offered them a fiver to pay for the van but they didn't take it. It was very nice, very. But you have to take it. Do you want a cup of coffee? I didn't even eat tea nothing because by the time hoovered and they were away. Mhm. Then they went away about six. And er Kelly saw the neighbours. So I put the dinner on just after Neighbours finished, I thought they'd go. They did eventually go out of the house but he was about done and then he comes in five to seven last night? Aye, he would be. Oh. Cos he come straight to bed with a Lemsip. Well, Morris didn't come in last night, but her car was there till very, very late. Erm, and I spoke to her in Tina's car and she was caught out. Oh. Kelly didn't make them quarter to ten comes in. It was late though. Quite hoarse though. Steven I mean. But he didn't tell me that he, he has told me in a way. Aye. I just want to know what why is Ben, is why, why he done that, you know. But he said that Alec denied it, whatever it was. But Margaret told me well it was years ago up at the Germany, says his wife left him. Mm. He went up, and it's first time he'd seen her for a while and she said something about, oh he was supposed to have something but he got to hear this well it's got nothing to do with a.
Tonight, three people are found dead at a house in Buckinghamshire. The talks to end the ambulance dispute continue in London, and the crisis at Banbury's Horton General Hospital; the unit manager says there's just no more cash, so operations have to be cancelled. Also on the programme, a local teacher says an A-level Business Studies exam is too easy. Upper Heyford's plans for this year's air show, and an Oxford chef bids to become young chef of the year. Police investigating a triple murder in Buckinghamshire are tonight trying to persuade a man hiding in nearby woods not to kill himself. The family, mother, father and their 16 year old son were found battered to death at their home in Upper Ridings, Beckonsfield. Police are now talking to a 30 year old friend of the family, who's up a tree in the nearby woods, threatening to jump off a branch with a rope round his neck. Sergeant Allen Bovington Cox says specialist teams are involved. We've got our own trained police negotiators there at the scene talking to him, and also we have a doctor and a psychiatrist standing by for any assistance they can give us. Police say the man is in a stable frame of mind, and they are confident of talking him down. Gas Prices are going up in March by 7.5%. Another Building Society, the Halifax has put up its interest rates, although first time buyers are being spared the increase. The Chancellor, John Major says the gloomy news isn't over, because inflation isn't coming down as fast as he predicted. Neil Kinnock agrees; he says high mortgage rates and the poll tax are bound to push up inflation rates even more. But Mrs Thatcher has told him in the Commons the Government's not to blame. As the Right Honourable Gentleman is aware, our top priority is to get inflation down, and I would also hope that he would be aware that the aim of doing that in the longer term has to be by making the price of money more expensive. If he doesn't know that I'm very surprised. Americans will be able to make up their own minds about former president, Ronald Reagan's testimony, in the trial of his former National Security Adviser, Admiral John Poindexter. In video-taped evidence, Mr Reagan has admitted he approved the covert arms for hostages operation, that became known as the Iran Contra affair, although he says he didn't authorise his staff to break the law. Federal Judge, Harold Green, ordered the immediate release of the transcript, saying the public has a right to know what the former president said. Mr Reagan says he cannot recollect many of the key events surrounding the scandal, which he says was as much news to him as everyone else. Admiral Poindexter, charged with lying about his role in the affair, says he was acting under Mr Reagan's orders. His trial begins on March the 5th. Shell U K will have to wait until tomorrow to hear what sentence it receives for causing a 30 mile oil slick which polluted the River Mersey. A judge at Liverpool Crown Court has adjourned the case after asking for details of Shell's profits. Shell has admitted full responsibility for the spillage of a hundred and fifty tons of crude oil into the Mersey last August.
Hello, and welcome to this review of the week from Independent Television News in London. I'm Brenda Rowe and these were the headlines. A second American hostage is released in Lebanon. Lithuania mourns its martyr for independence. And the space shuttle places the Hubble telescope in orbit. First, an American hostage, Frank Reed, was freed in Beirut after more than three years in the hands of pro-Iranian kidnappers. His release came only eight days after another American hostage, Robert Polehill, was set free. Washington sent a special team to West Germany to await Dr. Reed's arrival at a military base there. He was handed over by his Shia Muslim captors to a Syrian army officer before being driven to Damascus to be met by American officials. President George Bush thanked Iran and Syria for their roles in securing Dr. Reed's release. It was a re-run of events before the Polehill release eight days ago. The Syrian Foreign Minister emerged to predict a release within a few hours, underlining that such a delicate operation is being handled jointly both by Syria and Iran. Syria and Iran have been continuing their efforts to secure the release of other hostages. The release was first signaled by two notes and three photographs sent to a newspaper and news agency in Beirut. The claim came from a previously unheard-of group, calling itself the Organization of the Islamic Dawn. They specifically denied they were the Arab Revolutionary Cells Group, originally believed to be holding Mr. Reed. But the continuing confusion of the hostage situation in Beirut and Lebanon was underlined by the claims of former hostage David Jacobsen today, that Frank Reed had been held in a neighboring cell and had tried to escape. "I had knocked on the wall in code, one knock for A, two for B, and I knocked 'Dave Jacobsen, A U B,' and the response came back, 'Frank Reed, I C.' I was told by released French hostages that he did attempt to escape, that he was beaten very badly, and that basically his spirit at that time was broken; he didn't want to talk with the other hostages in the room and he pretty much had withdrawn." The Syrian President, Assad, aimed the release at reinforcing his determination to improve relations with the United States and the West in general. The same can be said for President Rafsanjani, Iran's moderate leader who remained determined to fend off the radicals and to end Iran's isolation. While Frank Reed's relations waited expectantly in both Damascus and the United States, there were however, ominous signs of the power struggle continuing in Tehran over the hostage issue. As Mr. Reed's release seemed imminent, an unsigned statement on Tehran radio commenting on events since last week's release said, 'the United States has failed to reciprocate the goodwill shown by Polehill's captors; in view of Washington's position, resolving the hostage crisis is much slower than previously expected.' A further sign of pressure from Islamic radicals came today from Hussein Mussawi, a senior Shiite leader closer to Hezbollah fundamentalists. He opposed the release of another American and questioned the loyalty of those doing it. One view is that Frank Reed's release, the second in a week, may be the last for some time. Twenty thousand people took to the streets of the Lithuanian capital, Vilnius, to mourn a man who became a martyr for the Republic's bid for independence from Moscow.
Well, good afternoon, everybody. I think we'd better get started. We looked so thin on the ground, I thought we'd sit and wait and see if everyone's coming, but we'll have to get started anyway. We welcome two speakers, Mr. Bob Plumtree and Ms. Erica Ison. We asked them to the meeting and we look forward to listening to you later on in the agenda. The minutes of the meeting held in January. Any corrections to the minutes first? Page 1? Page 2? Page 3? Yes, Judith Gaffan I believe, not Judith Gaffon, whatever that meant. It's a spelling mistake. Yes, she'd like her name spelt correctly. Could you spell it out then? G A F F A N. Thank you very much. Page 4? Page 5? There's a small typographic error, a line up from the bottom. Fluoride should have a 'u' before the 'o', rather than the 'o' before the 'u', to make it 'fluo', not 'flour'. Page 6, 7. Matters arising, Page one, page two, page three? On page two, the recommendation four? Yes, please. I wondered just quickly, the letter to the foreign office, has there, can we see a copy of this? We haven't as yet. The problem is I don't normally deal with the sub-committee. The person that should be dealing with it is not here today, so I've been unable to track down a copy of this letter. Ah, I was just going to say, if it hadn't already been done, Friends of the Earth will be perfectly willing to do that. Yes, I'll check that up. I'm sorry about that. Certainly, I think I mentioned two points discussed at the public transport sub-committee. That's right, I've actually got the draft with me. Have you? Yes, please. This was discussed at Public Transport at its last meeting. There's quite a lot of preamble, but basically in response to this request, Mr. Townsend said that he reported the bus and coach council was looking at the question of pollution and green issues generally, and was about to produce a document suggesting ways forward. The bus industry as a whole was very conscious of the problem of pollution and were trying to provide solutions as far as it could. Mr. Brunhead, who represented Thames Transit Limited, stated that the City Council could just be proud of what it had done for public transport. He was aware that the city council was looking again at the balanced transport policy and ways of making the city centre more viable for bus and for public transport. He stated that the bus companies wanted to reinstate the dual bus lanes, and that these should be extended, and that traffic generally in the city centre should be reduced, and that public transport should be encouraged. Mr. Brunhead also said that his company was investigating the possibility of fitting ceramic filters to its vehicles to cut out pollution. The City reported that the City Council was in the process of reviewing the policy, which included the updating of the balance of transport policy, and that this would be submitted to the Highways and Traffic Committee in the next few months. Any matters arising on Page 5? Page 6? We have a response on 49/2, on the front page of the agenda from the allotments sub-committee. There does seem to be a sort of slight discrepancy in the idea of us trying to have a nice clean city and then the people on the allotments committee continuing to build bonfires. And it is possible that they perhaps haven't in fact any alternative way of getting rid of their rubbish on the allotments site.
Because it makes a funny humming or buzzing noise, it picks up the vibrations through the table. Now, a pen and pencil would be a useful idea. What did we do before? We've done time signatures, compound time signatures, tonics, diminished, augmented, and we did some intervals. Now, can you tell me about time signatures? What are the two types of time signatures? Compound and simple. Just ordinary simple and compound. Simple and compound. Compound is things like six eight, nine eight, and twelve eight. That's the top number. Simple is just ordinary three beats a bar, four beats in a bar, or two beats in a bar. Think of compound as being the one that's more difficult to think about. Six eight time, nine eight time. They still have three or four beats in a bar, but they're compound times. They're dotted beats. That's really all that compound means. It means dotted beats. Think about twelve four because that's a compound time. It's got twelve at the top. It may help to look at it because you can't think about it straight away. Think twelve, and it'll be twelve what? What does four stand for in an ordinary time signature? Crotchets. Right, so if there are twelve of those, twelve crotchets. Think of them in groups of threes, and that gives you four dotted minims. So, twelve stands for four beats in a bar anyway, and if you just think what twelve crotchets are going to be divided up into, it's going to be dotted minims because you know it's going to be dotted something or other. If you were to see an extract of music, for example, here's a twelve eight one. This one actually tells you it's in twelve eight time, and it's asking you to put in the bar lines. Where would you put those bar lines do you think? It probably also asks you to group them properly, but just for the moment we won't worry about the grouping aspect. Assume everything starts on the first beat of the bar as well. It'll tell you if it doesn't. Eight stands for quavers. Right, one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve. So obviously the first one would be there, and probably if it's going to be a whole one, one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve. So in fact there are just two bars. Now, how would you actually group those notes? It'd be groups of three again, wouldn't it? In groups of three. Those two have got to be grouped together. One two three four. It'd be sort of half of that, half of the crotchet. I don't know how you do that. Can we go backwards? One two three four five. You can only do it if you miss out that. One two three, one two three, and that leaves you with a little bit. Yes, it actually explains exactly what they want you to do.
Can I sign those for accuracy, please? I'm taking the silence to be assent. Matters arising on those minutes on page one. On minute one one four, I'm using my privilege as a chair to hang on to that; the fact that the Poly are to hold a conference on health and housing in the new year. I've asked that members be invited to that, I'm sure some of you'd be interested to do that. You may recall that this committee has asked for a health and housing conference but we seem to get under it rather a lot of times, nothing it appears to be happening. Can I have your agreement that we write to the director of housing and ask for his position on it? Will you agree that we do that, rather than have the same thing coming up time after time. Anything else on page one? Also on that, chair, just to clarify the situation, because I know it's a bit vague, we are asking the health authority to run the meeting with other local authority counties, do you remember? The referral agency's to be in B? Right, lovely. We're doing that. Great, thank you very much indeed for that. On page 2, matters arising. Sheila? One one six, chair. I would like to congratulate the officers for that day. It was a very educational day, but extremely harrowing afternoon, which is still living with me. And I would like to say at this point I was very disappointed that we didn't have any other conservatives with us in the afternoon. Could I suggest probably in future that if we do that we have the harrowing parts in the morning so everybody can see it. Can I say about that little dig at the conservatives, I did actually have... No, we were expressing our sorrow, Graham, I assure you. Yes, well, I have had a recent case within the ward that I visited, so I am aware of having the number of problems in the past, I am aware of the problems, but I could not for personal circumstances do the afternoon that day. I understand, Graham. I do rather resent it when there are other council committees, there's Town Hall Strategy Working Party in the afternoon, now if we're going to be sure that we can all get to this without conflict with other committees, I had to be there on behalf of the Lord Mayor because she had duties, and I was very sorry not to be able to come, because I have dealt, visited many occupational, I wanted to visit the officers, and you know, it isn't always possible where you have a conflict of interests. Is it possible perhaps if when we have another day, I take the point that perhaps the morning's but then again we're bound to miss something else, If we can have it a day that is clear of other city councils. It may be. Could meet before that if we pass on some of your comments at the end of the section, maybe they'll be able to arrange, maybe in two or three months time a visit that most of us can make, particularly those of you who missed it, because it is an important experience, but obviously quite difficult to arrange, because it involves real tenants and real people but we can pass that back, and I'm sure the officers will consider it. Chair, on that, if that could be arranged in two or three months time, perhaps we can see how the Charter of Commerce is working out, because I think many of us are very interested to see how it is working out, we could discuss with somebody who's in bed-and-breakfast, who could then tell us how the Charter of Commerce is working. Very appropriate remark, Michael, the charter is up for review at any event.
I got the earphones. Oh no, that's a point. It won't just, I can't hear what they say. Sometimes these Walkmans have a built-in speaker, something like that. Yes, but I think this one hasn't, so I can put it all down. Are you following it? Did you hear it on the radio this morning about the research these people are doing? No. They were talking about language on Radio Four. It isn't anything to do with the training course we're on, it's the language. It's nothing to do with TNT or anything at all. That organization has written to a number of large companies and asked them to record so many tapes so they can analyse it. But really they're looking at the sounds you're making and the language you're using. They're not interested in what we're saying. What people? What age? On me. What is it for? And I won't ask you what situation you were in when you found that out. Right. Let's have a look at who's gonna represent us on the old features and benefits this morning? Phil. It's gonna be Phil. Oh right, Phil. Elected. Good old Phil. Okay. What did we have? Good of you to volunteer, Phil? Sorry? Good of you to volunteer. It was, weren't it? Do you want me to write it up for you somewhere? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Can you talk us through them? Well, this is what I've done. I done about seventeen of them. Right. Well, we done about seventeen of them but mainly on the super mail side, but we stick to the one sort of. Yeah. On the first one, it's the before nine service. Basically, a benefit for the customer is that it is a guarantee before nine. It is obviously beneficial particularly for banks and financial institutions to use. In what way? Well, they start work quite early and they can get cheques processed, situations like that. Yeah. So what, what's the benefit then? Just, what is the benefit. It's there at the start of a new day. See, that's the benefit? Describing the feature is only describing the feature. Before nine means you're getting it there before nine, you said, and that means it's there nice and early. That's describing a feature. The benefit of getting it there early is a little leap word which takes you from a feature to a benefit. Which means, well done. Which means that so you have to make it into sentences by a little leap word. Actually, I've got it on here but I just don't like saying it all the time. I've got it on top of bank though. Okay. Right. Before nine. You just wrote that though. Eh? You just wrote that. Yeah. Which means you, that you can start. What was your words, Jenny? So you can start the working day. Means that it's ready for the start of the working day, giving you that's the real benefit. Alright. There at the start of the working day, giving you, you've gotta say that next step and tell them, okay. If you can say so what, you haven't told them the benefit. Okay? So what? Let's see how many so whats you can come up with after this. Okay. Go on. So what's the next one? Again, before ten thirty it is a guaranteed service before ten thirty which is a benefit. No. Before ten thirty guaranteed is a feature. It is built in by design. We build that in. If you build it in by design, like we build this in, and the design of that was so that it will stay on, built in by design. And should stay on. Which means that what
No, no, I agree. Are you laughing? Why don't you laugh at my feet? I think you should wear those at appointments. No, my clients get a big enough giggle as it is. I don't think they would laugh at your slippers. Do you have anything to do with the Hampton Court area, work-wise? Well, have I been there? No, there's an office there, isn't there? Or have we got an office in Hampton Court? No, I don't think we have. I thought we were working up there. Well, no, it's not General Portfolio. I just started working for General Portfolio. It is in Kingston. There's not one in Kingston. I don't know. Where did you meet her then? I met her from when she used to work at Kirshaws. She probably applied the same time I did. She smokes like a chimney. Have you ever seen anybody completely obscured by her own smoke? It's Sharon. Pass the water, would you? She's a bit of a goer as well, isn't she? Isn't she? Yeah, but didn't she order a punch so she was drunk? No, that was Tracey. I thought Tracey and Sharon used to get drunk at lunchtime on a Friday and have a punch-up. No, only Tracey would do that. Our Trace. Oh dear. It's supposed to be a bit sticky, don't worry. No, it's ours. Don't poke it, Martin, or else it will. There's nothing worse than somebody poking your pudding, is there? No. It smells absolutely foul. Don't come and poke yours, do we? You do. She does. Don't. We never cook anything because we haven't got a table. Well, we have, but it hasn't got any legs on. No, she must be working out of the Kingston office because we don't have one at Hampton Court. Or Hampton. Sugar. There you go. So how are you, Susan? I'm not very well. Aren't you? You got this cold thing everybody else has got? She's fluey. Yeah. Is this one mine? One of these days, I live in hope for a bug going round that everybody else has, but not me. I've always got the one. I'm always the one saying to you, everyone seems to have that, including me. I've got a sore throat and a bit of a cough. And I do feel genuinely rough. And you ache, don't you? I ache from here to the top. I think it sounds like flu. I had a thumping headache yesterday, but that seems to have gone now. Stiff neck as well? Yeah. Oh, here's some Marmite crisps if you want any? No? Okay. Be like that. Well, I was absolutely freezing cold. These always hit me. It sounds awfully familiar, I'm afraid. So I had a bath and I thought it'd warm me up, but I was freezing, wasn't I? And I had to get the old quilt down. I don't believe I've been bad all week. Not usually this bad with a cold. I mean, I've been off college and stuff just feeling really tired all the time. Alright. I mean, normally I just keep going, you know, and sort of don't, but I've been aching so much that it's terrible! Yes. Is that my cup? Yes, I think. I wonder if we could get away with telling my mum that we'll go away for Christmas and New Year. Why, are you going away? Well, she's going away anyway. Oh yes, you're going to the Lake District, aren't you? We've got it booked. Oh, jolly good! We have. We'll be taking... I hate to tell you this, but the forecast for the weather is pretty awful this year. Snow? Lots of it. I think we're gonna have a hard winter this year. Hello! Alright? Did you win or lose?
Like, who was it who reckoned there was a corner on a boat? Well you reckoned there weren't a corner on a boat. There ain't. There is! Oh shut up! Ach, you do get corners on boats! No. Boats are shaped like a bloody rugby ball shape type. No they ain't. One end is and the other one ain't, and it was a yacht and a yacht, they got little rooms in or something cos innit? Oh that, the rooms are shaped to the size of the boat, you nonce! Let's ask your Mum if there's any corners on a boat. Of course there ain't. Just ask your Mum that. Yeah. I bet she'll probably side with you. But, I know for a fact there ain't. You don't know. Fucking hell! Bollocks pal! How many corners in a boat? They're shaped like rugby balls! Shaped like rugby balls. Don't start! They ain't shaped like rugby balls. Goes round like this and then it goes square at the back. They're not square at the back! Do you have you got any brochures there? What? Brochures. Brochures? No I haven't. Then you see a boat. Oh bollocks brother! There are ships. Oh ships, Kev, but I'm talking about boats. Well a boat is, a ship is a boat you prat! No it ain't, a ship's a big fucker! And a boat's a little fucker! Yeah. That ain't shaped like a rugby ball. That ain't. Kev, they do. They're all ships Kev. Kev, they are ships. They're ships. That's a fucking weird ship! I wouldn't sail in it. Don't you think it's a fucking? Yeah, you don't sail in ships anyway. That is not shaped like a rugby ball. And you don't get seagulls swimming in the sea. Yes you do. Yes you do, you dill! Why do you think they're called seagulls Kev? You don't get seagulls. Seagulls do swim Kev. They don't swim. They do swim. They jump into, they dive into the water. Yeah, they fly. And they do swim cos they've got the feet for it. They don't. Yeah right. They don't fly in the water Pete. They do. Flying in the water. No. Alright Kev. Yeah. Flying in the water. Alright Mum? Water seagulls fly in apparently because. Yeah. They go in the ship you dick! Dick arse. Well why is there? Oh, a load of bollocks. Alright, so they draw fish on the side of the fucking ships! If you say draw it wrong, who cares? If there weren't then just go home. Go home. Do you think so? Now I am home so sod off! Go to bed then! I don't wanna go to bed. Ask Silko. Yeah. He's only a fucking newsreader. That's Trevor MacDonald. Excuse me. This ain't a bunny. He's black though. I know. No, d'ya know what he says after his news speech? Yeah. Let's get a coffee now. Nah. Do you wanna go for a quick one before it closes. Yeah. Before it closes. How do you know? They said it. They faxed it, ITN faxed it just to the Big Breakfast. They said it. Did you never know about your mind? You are. What you doing? What are you doing now? Well you said I could keep it. Stop messing around. Shut up Bamber! Shut up Kevin. No I won't shut up! Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah! What you doing? Oh you're not doing that silly thing? Told me to turn it down. Oh what about? Looks like Arthur's scoring in one and I think his brother scored another. And his brother could score again. And he does. Turn it up a little bit more. Seagulls don't swim. It's like saying puffins don't swim. It's like thinking fish don't swim. A superb effort! He does a little dummy.
Oh Jesus Christ! Jean! What? Here's your breakfast, come on! Come on, get up! It's after nine, it must be about twenty past to half nine. Here's your breakfast. Christ, get out the way, get out! Bloody dog! Jean! I got you cornflakes toast. I didn't do an egg, you've had enough. Was round there left another tape recorder. What? She'll be round on Friday afternoon or Saturday some time. I said we'd be here from four o'clock on Friday, so I'll take it down to John's today then it's away to work. I've got the rubbish in the bins, right? Raymond took money out of your money, got cigarettes and a paper, and the house is tidy, so I'll get the twenty past ten bus later. Have you no matches? She was saying that the shop she was in was selling the turkeys that we got for three ninety nine. I think it was a supermarket or somewhere was selling them. Three ninety nine? No, three fifty. Aha. Patch! Stop that! Fucking lighter! Have you got a light, Jean? You should have bought... oh, there's some petrol under the sink. I put paint thinners in this, you know, stripper? What for? I thought it would have blown or lit. And this fucking Patch, get into the house! Get in! And stay there! Sit! There was a fella shot dead last night in... er, Don. Do you remember the bar we went into that night with Sally and Perry? Remember the Saturday night over in east Belfast? Yes. Erm, and that Audrey or Aubrey, and nobody knew. Well, he ran that bar. He was the manager of that bar. They UDA according to the TV. What? Well, they're keeping an open mind about it, yeah, but... skin you, I suppose he... I have all. Jean, I'd fucking do it to you! No, but... I know, why? Raymond, I mean, won't speak to you if you... You've been in bed since eight o'clock last night, it's now nine. What's that, thirteen odd hours? Ask me the time I was up at? You could lie in actually. No, no, no, no, no, no, no. Ask me what time I was up at. What time were you up at? Half five this morning, letting the dogs out in the back, so I said to hell with it, I'm not going to bed again! You won't lie in when you can't. Well, I slept all night, Jean. You know what I had this morning for my breakfast? Ha! One, two, one, two, three, four, four, seven oat cakes! You know, the triangle shaped ones, whatever. Seven of those. You... So I ate a whole packet, all of them! Ha! Ha ha ha! Look at them cornflakes. Then, Jean, you'll need proper... so you'll need sunglasses. Window open? No. Does the light not hurt your eye? Do you want the fan on? England, Scotland, and Wales and er showers here. Lovely weather. Lovely weather for ducks! What was wrong with erm the cassette thing? Ah, they thought it was the cleaning head. What? Apparently, they thought it was the cleaning heads by the heads of it. I don't know, I know nothing about it. Well, according to counter, that's still going. Gonna get a couple of the tapes that we had ruined of our own, I said no. So she took the first lot back, you know, the two boxes. Aha. And gave us another two boxes. Ha! What'd she take the tapes back for? No, she bought a second lot of twenty, and I gave her the first lot back probably. I know, but she was nothing to do with the tapes, it was... No, well she just, just to say they're not starting to count again. Oh. So I've now got from Monday, twenty. And each lasts approximately forty five minutes. So if I take one down today... no, I'd need a couple, wouldn't I? Mhm. Well, I'm taking four anyway to see.
The result of all of that has been that the current development programme schedule, which we have supplied to the committee, is probably about as fast as the programme is capable of running. First flight is still going to be in April. We are confident it will be in April, yes. Will that aircraft be less capable in its first flight than you'd originally hoped? It has always been planned that the release of the flight control system will be phased through five steps, and the capabilities at first flight are more or less what we had been planning right from the outset. The cost is going to be some three thousand four hundred million to the UK. That has gone up by about thirteen percent, four hundred and fifty million roughly, over the original estimate. Half of that is due to programme reorientation because of the extension of the programme by two years, as I understand it. Can you spell out what those costs are, and are we having to pay more because Germany wants to slow the programme down? Perhaps I can ask Mr. Perry to fill in the details on cost. Yes, Mr. Trotter, that apportionment of the four hundred and fifty million between the effect of programme re-orientation and other factors. Can I just say that I had figured four hundred million? It is in fact four fifty. Four hundred and fifty million between programme re-orientation and other factors was an apportionment we made back in the first part of nineteen ninety-three. In the light of later information, I think we would revise that now. We are still negotiating with the contractors on the revised contract price and we do not have definitive costs yet, but in fact the costs increased as a result of the rescheduling of the programme directly should be quite modest. There are some unavoidable costs on that account, particularly on the engine programme where delays to the aircraft programme, which result in extra costs on the engine side, are the customer's liability. But the main increase in cost is actually in the equipment area and results, I think, from the fact that the equipment prices turned out to be higher than was originally estimated at the start of the programme, and also the fact that UK industry won a higher work share on equipment that we had originally been entitled to and budgeted for. Lastly, the point you mentioned that Germany has withdrawn from some parts of the requirement and that made certain equipment non-common, and we have had to take a larger share of the costs of that equipment than originally planned. Okay. Can you spell out how our share of the cost has increased because our share of the work has increased? I thought presumably the bill was still divided proportionately between the countries. No, the bills are met on the territorial funding basis, so basically we pay for the work done in the UK, from which we will get the benefit presumably when production's done, in general terms. Whether the production work sharing is something that is still to be decided at the start of that phase, but on the equipment, we were originally entitled to thirty-three percent of the common equipment. When we last gave evidence to the committee, the UK work share for equipment stood at some thirty-six percent of those that had been selected at that time. We have succeeded since in getting it down to something just over thirty-four percent now.
I can't think who she is, but I'm sure that was the prize. About five pounds and a silver tray. Now it's thousands they get. Well, yeah, but I suppose that five pounds in those days was a lot. Four noughts on the end of it, isn't it? Yeah, I presume we're talking about Wimbledon prize money? Well, these big sports people, oh blimey, yes. Blimey, they get. Yeah, well, people like. But this girl was talking, this is a few years back now. So I think when they started getting all this. Can't think of who you mean actually. Oh, just an ordinary name she had. It was Mary somebody. But she was rather a big girl. I know the one you mean. I dunno about Mary. I know the one you mean. Quite tall, about five foot eight or something like that. Nice sort of roundish face. You're talking about an English lady now, are you? Yeah. A British girl? Yes, yes. She's married and she's got children, and she's tall and she got married now, yes. She was talking some years back now about the prize that she got when she won the Wimbledon championship. I think it was about five pounds and a silver tray. Yes, 'cause in those days, you see, if you remember, they were all amateurs that played. It wasn't all amateurs. Yes. It wasn't until, oh, I don't know what year it was, when it was open compete and everybody including professionals. 'Cause now they're nearly all professionals, aren't they? Oh yes, indeed. Nearly all of them. But it's ridiculous the money that they earn. You don't want clubs getting into debt. Oh, do you really think any footballer's worth all that? Yeah, evidently it looks as though Gazza's thing's off now. Yeah, he's gone. No, it's all fallen through it seems. Again? Yeah, they've got somebody else. Gazza's fallen off. First of all, of course, it was all off when he did that. Well, according to the Express I just had a look at, they reckon it's on but for about half the original sum. No, it's subject to. All Gascoigne's multi-million pound move to Lazio now looks dead and buried. The Italian club have bid for Darco Pansere, the Red Star striker whose penalty won his side the European Cup in Bari on Wednesday. And he will cost Lazio just four million. They have moved for him because they can no longer wait for Gascoigne, who will not play again this year. Lazio want a big new name for next season. And although Nat Solomon, Tottenham's financial expert, wait a minute, was here in Rome yesterday attempting to save the Gazza deal, I understand it is off. The news will throw Tottenham's future into fresh confusion and leave the club hoping desperately that manager Terry Venables can put together a deal to save them from collapse. Gascoigne was to have gone to Lazio at the end of July for the club to monitor his rehabilitation after the knee ligament operation that threatened his career. That now will not happen. And Tottenham's clever campaign to save the club is now down to one man, Venables, and his business expertise. In Rome yesterday, it was evident that the Gazza deal was doomed because Juventus, who were to provide half the four million that was to have been Lazio's down payment, had gone cold on the deal. Well, once you've done that, it's like twisting your ankle. It's always weaker. Yeah. There's always that fear. He looks a very strong sort of person, but he walks. By the way, Sid, would you know how to put a new lamp, light bulb thing in a fridge? What, the light in the fridge? Yeah. I can't see in that bloody fridge.
Lot seventy does not have a horn with it, but Lot ninety two does have a reproducer. Lot one hundred and eleven should have a black dot against it to indicate that it will be removed from the premises if not cleared within the stated time. Lot one seven four is withdrawn. Lot one nine one the estimate should read eight to twelve hundred. Lot one nine eight is withdrawn. Lot one is on the screen now. Fifty pounds for this, fifty pounds anyone? That's fifty pounds bid. Fifty five now, any more? Fifty five. All on fifty five, any more? At fifty five, all done? Fifty five only. Sixty down there, thank you. Sixty on the left. Sixty five. Seventy. Seventy five against you on the left, now any more? Seventy five. You all done at seventy five? Eighty pounds now. Eighty five. Eighty five, any more? At eighty five bid standing, standing at eighty five against you all seated now. At ninety pounds, standing at the back and I'll sell at ninety pounds. Are you all done? Ninety pounds. Ninety five just in time. One hundred. One ten. One twenty. One thirty. One thirty still on the left at the back at one thirty, any more now at a hundred and thirty pounds? Can I have the number sir. It is eight five seven, thank you very much. Lot two, two receivers and an H M V pick-up attachment. Lot two, fifty for these, fifty pounds anyone? Fifty pounds, anyone at fifty? Fifty pounds, no one at fifty. Twenty then, twenty pounds. Twenty pounds at twenty, twenty bid down there, thank you. Any more at twenty? Twenty pounds. Twenty two. Twenty five. Twenty eight. Thirty five. Forty. Forty five. Forty five, all done at forty five, now any more? At forty five. Fifty standing. Fifty five. Fifty five standing at fifty five, any more? Fifty five pounds all done at fifty five, now any more? At sixty. Sixty pounds up there all done then at sixty pounds. Lot three showing, Lot three the Radio Year Book. Fifty pounds anyone? At fifty pounds, fifty bid. Sixty. Seventy. Seventy pounds any more at seventy? Seventy pounds. Five, any more? At seventy five all done, at seventy five only, any more at seventy five pounds? Any more at seventy five. Lot four is an Amplion speaker. Lot four and I've fifty offered, any more at fifty? Alright sixty. Sixty pounds, any more? At sixty, all done at sixty only. Sixty five. Seventy five. Eighty five. Eighty five stands, any more at eighty five pounds? All done at eighty five pounds. Ninety. Good for ninety five. One hundred seated and ten. One ten on the right standing. A hundred and ten against you all. And twenty. One thirty. One thirty, on the right standing, at one thirty are you all done at a hundred and thirty pounds. That's number nine O six, thank you. Lot five there's Lot five, the V two. Lot five and I have four hundred pounds offered for this one. Four hundred pounds. And twenty. Four fifty. Four eighty at four hundred and eighty pounds, any more at four eighty? Five hundred. Five hundred now, any more? At five hundred and fifty. Five hundred and fifty pounds, any more at five fifty? At five hundred and fifty pounds against you, are you all done? At five hundred and fifty pounds any more? For one three O. Lot six Brownie number two. Lot six, fifty for these fifty pounds. Fifty, anyone at fifty? Fifty five. Sixty. Sixty pounds, any more? At sixty five, any more? Seventy. Seventy five. Eighty five. Ninety. Ninety standing, any more at ninety?
Yeah, stick it up your jumper! Oompah oompah! What do you think, Mike? It's very nice that! Oh, it looks lovely! It's got a lovely little brooch. Oh, very posh! Do you think that's enough? Come and... Barmow! Bar plane! Triggooms. Now that's enough of that rubbish, right? Two big ones. It's got a recipe here: chicken soup. Any carrots? Pardon? Any carrots? Three. Aren't they? Oh, that'll be plenty, yeah. Any spuds? Four or five. Four or five large spuds, one large onion, three carrots. Can you get the pressure cooker out while you're in there, please? Plain flour. There's the pudding. I think it might be fish stew again tomorrow. No, pork probably in the morning. Enough plain? Maybe he just tries it on and thinks if you don't say anything, he'll get away with it. What else do I need? Or do you think he's oblivious to it anyway? Oh, he knows what's going on. Anyway, he wouldn't... I know what he said about working Saturdays, but like, you used your car as well, and it wasn't just when you said that as well. No, but when Reg's car... he said he might put his. It's all about money, and he says, "Well, sort it out," and he agreed that we're gonna get hard and all the rest of it, so I'll just tell him! I'll just say that. No, when he says about working extra, he said through the morning or something. Yeah, didn't he? From on a Saturday morning, not... I'll just say, "Oh, well, we're working on Saturday all bloody day!" A bit like that. That's all I'll say in the morning, and if he says yes, I'll say, "Oh, fair enough then." But I said, "Oh, alright then." Work till dinner time or something then, then we're going down... well, I'll go in my own bloody car the next time! In front... I'll tell him that he won't be using your own car for work again! No, I'm not. And you wouldn't mind, but it was last minute that he rang up! What a cheek he's got! Call me then when you wanna do the meat. Yeah, okay. Put the kettle on for a cuppa. Yeah, I've put the meat to boil first. Ain't got no batteries. What am I getting, the spuds? Oh, I didn't tell you, did I? Before you came home, the white cat came back! Was it? Was that 'cos the back door was open? Yeah, well I'd been out to the bin, and he was just sort of by the ground by the bin bags, the wood round the corner, and then he was sort of coming, and he was like dying to come and have a stroke, but he was like being shy. He'd had all the side of his fur like shaved, and I thought, "Urgh!" Maybe it's been spayed or something? Or had an operation, but there was no scar though! It might have been in a fight or something? Probably. Well, it was like a big square shaved right down to the skin, but no... unless it could have healed and just not grown back yet. No, I suppose. 'Cos I don't know whether it's a she or he. I call it a he, but it could be a girl. So did you stroke it in the end or what? Yeah. He came in, I gave him a saucer of milk. Actually, I was... I had the back door open, and I thought, "I'll just leave it, and if he wants to come in, he can," and I poured him a bit of a drink of milk, and then I went in the bathroom, and the door was still open, and then suddenly I thought, "God, I wonder where he was?" I looked through the window, and there was no sign of him through the little back window. Looked through this one, there was still no sign, so I thought, "God! He can't have just disappeared like that. Oh, God, what if he's gone upstairs and in the middle of..."
Well, to be quite clear, I'm prepared to allow debate on that motion if you wish it. If the majority of you wish there to be a fight, but if the majority wish to pass the vote on the amendment, I will take that. Do you wish to? May I ask then formally those who wish to pass now to the vote on the amendment? I'm that you have to call for those in favour. Intention will you now call for a vote for those against? I'll call for a vote. To be quite clear, I am going to stick to what I've said. I consider that the amendment has been proposed. It can be, if it's to be accepted, it can then be accepted by the Committee as a whole. Excuse me, can I ask a question? Can I assist here? The motion that has been mooted and the amendment has been proposed. The amendment has been accepted. The question now is whether the motion has been made and it is a matter for you to go to. It was suggested that certain members be allowed to speak. At the end of the day, it is a matter for you to decide control of who is allowed to speak on that particular motion as amended, of course. Here, here. Is that the wish of the committee? Thirteen minutes. Is it specifically other members? Not each. Just go into the debate. Don't waste all the time. Right. May I call on the first person to whom this is going to be? I believe you speak on the. Thank you. It will be quick. One of the things which caused distress last year was the reduction for sixth formers, and I was sorry to see that it wouldn't be restored this time. But the next best thing is for more money towards fourteen to nineteen education, so that's very welcome at least and was widely supported in the various versions we saw this morning. My concern is with the way in which this money is to go from the centre to the school, and I'd like to speak very strongly in favour of what education is so that we aim to assist schools to build on their own interests and not have it parcelled out by some central authority, which is an area of great relevance to schools.
Mick, National Officer. President, as delegates will know this is my first report to Congress from the Public Services Section. In the time available, I warn delegates and onward to eight hundred thousand members, their families, and all their friends, and the eight million members of the TUC and their families and their friends—a sizeable group of British people who, President, now consider themselves as past, present, and future patients of the NHS, and rightly so. Well, do I have news for you and them. In April and May of this year, the Junior Minister of Health, Tom, announced from a shared platform with David, the Tory MP for Havant—but better known as a leading member of the Tory think tank—that regulations had been lifted to allow private capital to have free access to the NHS. To undertake building of hospitals, the complete management of hospitals, and to retail a full range of health service products. President, David followed on and said, and I quote, "The successful takeover of the National Health Service depends on agreements being excluded from the present unions," and he has not been contradicted. President, this was supplemented by the Secretary of State for Health in May, last month, by Virginia Bottomley, who further offered an invitation to the private sector to form a partnership with the government to take over our public sector NHS—to provide the flair and the entrepreneurial skills and imagination of the private sector of British industry. What an example, what a record. UK private industry nil, the rest of the world ninety-nine and still playing with plenty of time on the clock. Congress, to it further, we are no longer patients; we have all been renamed customers and clients. The new management practitioners use the language of the private sector: corporate customer targeting. They refer to themselves as commissioners of health service care working with the internal market. Fundholders talk about buying the best products available at the lowest price, regardless of the inconvenience to their customers—regardless of the inconvenience to their customers who might have to travel further afield, away from their homes and communities for treatment. Fundholders have to manage their financial budget, they're told, like any other small or medium-sized business. They want to develop purchasing skills, cash flow skills, cost control skills, and labour cost controls. President, for those who have, I'm sure, who these fundholders are—we used to call them family doctors. Congress, President, the government has got no guts to announce publicly their intentions to privatize the NHS on a date that will give the leading time with the razzmatazz and PR that they've done before to sell shares—to sell shares in the British public in a publicly nationally held NHS. There will be no seats, there will be no Inspector Morses and others as there have been with Telecom, gas, water, and electricity. The present private health service companies like BUPA are already all ready to move in the front door and take over. So this year my first report on the NHS could be replaced in 1994 by a report on the private health care industry unless we take action. Based on the following, delegates, I've been lucky like many of you to live in a country where I have had available to me a National Health Service.
Good, this is an interview with Douglas from Blackwood, part of Motherwell. Is it? Well, yes, the postcode's Motherwell. Blackwood's just south of Hamilton, about four miles south of Hamilton, two miles north of Lesmahagow. So it's just on the M74. Just. Is it Lesmahagow, is it? It is Lesmahagow. I just wondered how that was pronounced. Now, you and I spoke, didn't we, Douglas? Yes, we did. I've got circled good voice here. Well, I am used to the telephone. Okay. Yes, yes. You're not doing anything at the moment; we agreed it was resting. Sales and computers, you were with Martin's Retail Group? Yeah, yeah. Thank you. Right, now if you've got your application form, you've got a CV there as well, haven't you? Yes, I have. Good, that's great. Application form. Good. CV. I'm having a quick read through this, and I'll ask questions at the same time. What we have over on that table, Douglas, is a representation of all the products and the companies that we market our products through, ranging from estate agents, and there are two on the end here, both products are involved with estate agents, medical practices, area health authorities, schools, universities, and colleges up in the top right there, and the obvious ones down in the corner there. Yeah. And I'll ask questions as you're doing that. No problem. Okay. This is going to be more or less in line with what you told me on the phone anyway, isn't it? I certainly hope so, yeah. Yeah. Well, I can only make as many notes as my hand will allow me to. They still use terms like Lanarkshire and Dumfriesshire up here, don't they? It's like us down in England using the old county names sometimes. Absolutely, yeah. Strathclyde covers such a huge area. Massive area, isn't it? I mean, in terms of population, I think somebody did, Strathclyde Regional Council used to be a client of mine when I was with 3M, well, you know, a client of my rep up here, but they told me some time that I think a huge percentage of the whole of Scotland's population. Oh, it's about fifty percent. Is it? Of the Scottish population. Nearly half, yeah. Yeah. Then you get the Highland Region, and it's only a small percentage of such a huge chunk of land. Crazy, yeah, geographical. Yeah. So if everything goes all right with what we discuss here today, then Douglas, you are available to start immediately, in effect? Yeah. Hope we can give you an opportunity. Yes, yes. Oh, smashing, okay. It's always very useful that if we have to ask people to wait around for them for five or six weeks, or sometimes on a three-monthly resignation thing, it tends to elongate the whole process. In fact, I would say that ninety-five percent of the people we take on are either resting as you are or self-employed anyway. Right, right. I'm sure that I'm not in an unusual position, having been made redundant twice on the trot. What I'm really looking for is the option to take charge of my life myself. I think certainly you're just at the age, did we discuss this magic forty plus? No, we didn't. No, no. It's one of the delightful things; I've been recruiting for a long time, and it's one of those delightful things to be able to say to people on the phone when they tell me they're fifty or fifty-four to say that's not a problem.
Drug abuse wrecks lives and families! So is it here to stay or could we, all of us, do without drugs? We all take drugs in some form or another. Some are legal; you can buy them over the counter or your GP may prescribe them. Others are illegal, but still widely available and used at a price. What we're looking at in this half hour is why and how we use drugs and what we might change. And let's start with a question: do you take prescribed or illegal drugs? Or have you ever taken? Button one for yes, and button two for no. And if there's anything surprising about those results, it's that nineteen people say they've never taken any kind of drug! Eighty-one have said yes. What have you taken, or what do you take? Yes? An inhaler for asthmatic attacks, well to prevent asthmatic attacks. And have you been taking that for quite a while? I think about seven years. And you would go on taking it because it's a... I don't need it very often. I'm not a bad asthmatic; it's an allergy to animals. So it's a rare occasion I have to use it, but I probably have to have one with me all the time, for the rest of my life. Okay. Up there. I take Thyroxin for an under-active thyroid gland. And these are prescribed drugs then? Yes. You get that from your doctor? Yes? Maccresin for arthritis. For arthritis, right. Yes? I take Tamazapam to sleep. I have no side effects to it; I've been on it for quite a long while. Every night? Every night. One every night. It induces four hours of sleep, and if you sleep after that it's a normal sleep. I wake up fine, no problems. And how long have you been doing that? Nine years. And why did you start? I had a bereavement, a very close bereavement in the family, and they put me onto valium. But having worked in psychiatric, I knew the results of valium, so I gradually broke them down and got off them. But for six full months I couldn't sleep, so they did put me onto some. But I do use them as they're prescribed, one per night. And they do help. So you've got a drug that you can live with? Yes. Yes? Steroids. My mother takes these. Okay. Any others? Yes? I used illegal drugs for seven years. You did? I did, aye. Now you're the first person who's said you used illegal drugs. I've taken illegal drugs and prescribed drugs. You did or you do? I take prescribed drugs now. But did you used to take illegal drugs? Yeah. Well, since we've got onto that, why? Just to get a hit. Just to feel good, forget or whatever! And how old were you when you started doing that? Started at fourteen or so. And how did you begin? I mean, was it through your friends or family? You just take one. My pal had a bad something and she was prescribed a certain kind of sleeping tablet, Tamazapam, and I started in to say amounts up to twenty-five at the end. It's quite expensive, isn't it? Ah, but you need it. So, how did you change? Did you see... I went to a CDPS. Do you want to say what that is? Well, it was a Community Drugs Project Scheme. And to get a nurse, like you get along with the nurse. She's here, and she put me in a hospital and then going off for something. And that was that? I'm still on some stuff. But she got me over the worst part, yeah. And what would you say to a fourteen year old?
Hello, what's that? Have you been writing letters? Aye. That for me? Thanks very much, that's nice. Oh, can I have that as well, Natalie? Well now, what have you been doing to your eyes? She's been screaming all ear. Eh. Eh. In my ear. Your ear? What, is that ear sore? Is it? No. No? It's this one. Is it the other one? Let's have a wee look in with my torch. No. Sit on your Gran's knee. Come on, sweet. No. Just a minute. Just come on, he's gonna look in my eye. No, no. Look, Natalie. Look, it's gonna look in my eye. Look. Oh look, this is where we're getting. Oh look, Natalie. Behave, come on. Natalie, look, look. Oh. Look, it's just a wee light. Look at the wee light. Look, it's just a wee light. It's not, it's not gonna be sore. Sit up. Come up and sit on your Gran's knee for a wee while. Oh Jamie, Jamie. That's it, just a wee while, we're not gonna... you. That's a wee girl. That's it. Yeah, you've got a very... that's it. All done. That's it. It's all done. You were crying, you were just getting on, weren't you? You were just getting on? You were just getting on, weren't you? You were just getting on. She thought I was coming up with my eye. Aha. What about your Grannie? We'll give your Gran some nice medicine or some nasty medicine? No. No? Would you like some nice medicine? No. Would you not? Gran. Your Gran, right. What's your Gran's name? Will we give her nice medicine or nasty medicine? Nasty medicine? Oh, thank you very much, Natalie. Her eyes... yes, aye, it's the same. I think she's got trouble with her sinus in here, and it's blocked the tube. Aye. Here and here, and that's where the trouble's coming from. Just see wee black things in my eye. Yes. Wee black, yeah. Wee black things, that's right. That's right. Oh, she was screaming this morning. Ear drum instead of being straight up and down like that, it's pushed a way out. Ah. It's stretched, squeezing it from the inside. And her mummy and daddy's away at work, and I said, "If I leave it till..." Hey, are they? Making lots of pennies for you? Well, they now. Oh aye. He was made redundant. Now then. One, two, three, she's what? She's four now? Four. I see the... That's the bad one, he's always in a bad mood, isn't he? He's... that one. No. Can you see Thomas? Where's Thomas the Tank? No, that's... that's not Thomas the Tank Engine at all, you're just kidding me on. No, no, no. I cannae see it either. Where is he? Come on, no. Look, here, can you see this? Look, one, two, three, up you go. Oh yes, at the very top. Right at the top, look, right at the... Natalie. Top, look. Nat, that's him. Yeah, that's Thomas, you silly thing. That's the wee cookie. Who's a silly? Who's a silly? Right, thanks very much. Right, okay, right. I'll come and tickle you again. No. Oh. Say, "Bye." Come on. And here I come to get you. Right, okay, Mrs.
All Executive Directors of the Company together will answer any questions at the end of this short presentation. First, the figures. Furniture retailing continues to be highly competitive, so I am pleased to report that turnover for the twenty-eight weeks was three hundred and twenty million, five point five percent better than the same period in the previous year. Operating profit for the period was twenty-seven point four million, compared with a pro-forma level of nineteen point four million last year, an increase of forty-one percent. Profit before tax, which includes nineteen point six million pounds worth of profit from the sale of the Group's investment in Carpet Right, was forty-four point one million, compared to a loss of twelve million for the same period last year. Earnings per share of five pence, of which two point two pence relates to the exceptional profit on the sale of Carpet Right shares, giving basic net earnings per share of two point eight pence. In a few moments, I'd like to tell you briefly about the trading background to the figures and to give you an indication of how business has been since the period ended, particularly since our important sale started on Boxing Day. But first, I'll ask our Finance Director to go into the figures in a little bit more detail. Thank you. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Turnover grew by five point five percent during the twenty-eight weeks to the sixth of November, to three hundred and twenty million. There's been no inflation in our selling prices, so all of this growth is from increased volumes, particularly in upholstery, beds, appliances, and Pronto. Although the total retail trading area is unchanged at the period end, there are in fact two different underlying elements. New footage has been laid down in France, but this has been offset by a net reduction in the retail trading area in the UK. Sales per square foot, which excludes retail sales and is based on the weighted average trading area, shows an increase of seven point two percent. Gross margin of fifty-five point six percent was down from fifty-eight point five percent in the same period last year. This was mainly due to a drop in in-house manufacturing participation and adverse exchange rates. Gross margin was, as we expected, broadly level with the second half of last year. The reduction in payroll costs of five million, or six point eight percent, reflects the staff reductions which took place last year. These are efficiency gains, primarily in areas of management and distribution. As a result of tight everyday control, other operating charges at seventy-eight point seven million have fallen as a percentage of sales by point nine percent to twenty-four point six percent. Depreciation in the period has fallen by two point three million to eight point four million. Our sub-leasing of surplus retail area has continued in the period and, combined with a small programme of retail park developments, will enable our rental income to grow. Indeed, rental income will be in excess of nine million pounds for the full year, compared to seven million pounds for last year. The combined effects of these initiatives has resulted in operating profits rising to twenty-seven point four million, compared with the pro forma level of nineteen point four million last year, which is an increase of forty-one percent. Our net operating margins have risen from six point four percent to eight point six percent. There is a net interest...
That will be Val. I think they have changed contractors again. But anyway, whether that's true or not, this seems to be a result of criticism about them not turning up and this sort of thing. Hi. Sorry I'm late. So I had a long chat with the cleansing officer. The main point that I made to him was that after such a superb beginning where they actually state how much rubbish we produce, there's absolutely no mention of recycling at all, even though there's space at the bottom. And he said well it's a different department. My argument was that everybody would be much happier if there was less rubbish to put in the landfill sites in the first place. Now that was about two weeks ago and I've been sitting on it meaning to write to the press and say how disgusting it was, which I have just done today. Half way through I spoke to the environment officer who was much more switched on. He's a new environment officer, he's only been there for a month or something. And he sort of agreed with me that it was a waste of an opportunity. But he did say that he's actually writing a leaflet which can run to seven or eight pages, a detailed one about recycling. I just don't know if anybody will read eight pages. But he was very interested and when I said that we'd actually done a recycling directory and that I was thinking of redoing it, he was very interested and he would like to meet us. I thought Rob is doing a sort of recycling compendium. Rob has just done a green audit for the district council, but we haven't had the opportunity to read it. I mean he knows that we have a recycling directory. I was in touch with them. I sent them the recycling. Why do they pretend not to know? They should be fully aware of our work. Val, well this is a new guy. The recycling officer. Is that the one you spoke to? Tom. That's him. Only he said that they were gonna get an initiative through the schools. Anyway, that's my draft letter for the press, which I have not got, it's very rough. Sorry I've only got four. That's alright. Actually, some friends of mine were quite confused about why they shouldn't be able to throw their cooking oil away in their bin. Because they said they'd always done it and they had nowhere else to put it. Somebody else said oh you should throw it down the sink but I didn't think you were supposed to do that either. Cooking oil? If you have got one of those deep fat fryers you have quite a bit to throw away. Well don't put it in water. You put it in the bin. No, they've said in there you mustn't. Not cooking oil, car oil. Car oil is a totally different story. But the bottom bit obviously we've got to talk about whether we actually do want bifocals today. But this guy seems to be well worth nurturing. Yes. Here you are. It says here waste oil, cooking fat and other liquids. I know.
That's probably because you know, we've got to redesign this because everybody is off. Oh sorry, apologize to the last guy, he didn't. While I'm having a look at this, just a quick glance through, there's the range of products that we design, publish, and print for our clients. We don't sell them. If you'd like to have a quick glance through them, just get a feel for it. I'll have hopefully described them as much as I can over the phone and of course the brochure. What did you glean from the company brochure? Very professional, forward-going, always looking to upgrade things, you know, going forward. Four years ago, two thirds of those products weren't in existence. The law has helped us. Legislation helped us with the medical practice booklets. The law also helped us by allowing a lot of professional companies to advertise, which they couldn't before, like accountants, solicitors, doctors, and chemists. None of those could advertise, so it's broadened the number of prospective advertisers that we can approach. This industry is totally new. I have to say that most of the people that come to us have never been involved in advertising. One of the things I am obviously going to have to look at is what you've done in the last two or three years, because traditionally we wouldn't ask van drivers to come along and see us. There's a good reason for that. Well, I would feel more comfortable with people who have at least made an attempt to do something to earn a living. I've never signed on the dole. You're trying to avoid that. I haven't, although a lot of people would say I was silly for not having done it, because I probably lost out on a lot of money. Well, I tell a lie, I tried it once in between sales jobs, and I was told that I wasn't entitled to any money anyway because I was self-employed and I only paid the stamp. Yes, that's exactly what they said to me. It thoroughly annoyed me because every year when I'd paid my tax, I'd pay my national insurance, and as far as I'm concerned, that should have entitled me. You can get income support, but it's not, why should I be any different? I think it's something that they probably have to look at fairly seriously because I think you do the Government a lot of favours by going self-employed. Of course you do. You take the employment figures down for a start. That's never been discussed by anybody or published, that if you go self-employed and you're out of work, it takes small businesses off. One of the things I could've done was to become a salaried employee of my own company, which was a limited company, but I paid myself as a consultant rather than a director. Yeah, and nobody told me that. And you're supposed to know all about it.
Good morning everyone, and welcome to Pearson's first half results. One way or another we've had a pretty busy six months. As you know we've decided to concentrate our management and financial resources on our media interests, which cover the information, education and entertainment markets and in which our spread of businesses including books, newspapers, family attractions and television are well placed for future growth. In June we acquired Thames Television, with its valuable programme rights, distribution business and production capability. And we have a crack at Star TV. The plans we announced on twenty seventh July to demerge Doulton and float Camco are already underway. Until such time as they leave the group, figures from these two businesses obviously continue to form part of our accounts. I'm pleased to say that in the course of the last six months we've seen a strong recovery in profits. So, let's now look at the results. Overall our nineteen ninety three first half pre-tax profits stand at forty six million for all our businesses including Doulton and Camco. That's nearly twelve million better than for nineteen ninety two and reflects a satisfying improvement in underlying performance. Sales were up by nineteen percent and there's also firm evidence in these results of margin improvements which reflect, for the first time, the full benefit of our cost cutting measures taken over the last three years. We've become better at making money in sluggish trading conditions and are making the most of the patchy recovery we've seen in some of our markets. Our overall operating profit has increased by some seventy percent over the same period last year. The difference between operating profit and profit before tax is of course made up of interest on non-operating items. James will cover this area in more detail later in the presentation. Earnings per share are up more than forty percent over the same period last year and when the EPS is adjusted to take account of the non-operating items, the figure has increased by nearly ninety percent. We said on twenty seventh July that we planned to pay an unchanged dividend for the full year. Accordingly, the board has declared an unchanged interim dividend of five point three seven five P per share. Altogether then, an encouraging set of results and I'll hand you over to Frank to take us through them in more detail. Good morning everyone. Well, as you can see from that slide, a much better first half with four out of six of our businesses getting brownie points, especially newspapers and the merchant banking. And there are good reasons why the other two are as they are, and I'll explain that in due course. So, I'll start with the book businesses. Book sales show a nice increase in sales revenue, especially in the UK, which is up seventeen percent overall. Penguin UK is gaining sale and market share and in North America the sales are only slightly down on last year, which was a very exceptional year anyway. Longman did particularly well in the UK, although external markets were difficult and sales in the schools markets in North America was hard going for Addison Wesley, with US fiscal problems restricting the amount of money that schools had to use. But we did particularly well in colleges. Moving to profits for the book companies, these are slightly down, but this isn't indicative of a full year and the general outlook is good.
Now when I spoke to Mrs. on the telephone last night, she told me about the work you've been doing, and I have looked at it. I'm going to go over it again with you this afternoon because she thought it was very, very good work. She's marked it, and I'm going to give it back to you and talk to you about it. I was very, very pleased to see that a lot of you have tried to do your joined-up handwriting after a bit of practice we had, and it had come out really, really nicely. Well done. Josephine, your work was on the top, and I thought, "Goodness, that can't be Josephine's writing." It was very nice, wasn't it? So, good girl. And some of the others I still have to look at. I want to look at them at dinner time and share them with you this afternoon. But because Mrs. did that work with you yesterday, you did not do your history work. So I'm going to talk to you a bit and ask you some questions about the tiny bit we talked about to do with Roman Britain and how the Romans invaded Britain two thousand years ago. Just a moment. If you could pop into five A, yes, I would prefer to see music's doing. Do you know what I mean? Just sit down and sit still for a minute because you'll be standing for a long time playing the recorder as well. If you want to go to the toilet, just take yourself. All right? Seems to be something else going on. Let's go back to the invasion of Britain two thousand years ago. But it was less than two thousand years ago, in actual fact, that the first emperor, Julius Caesar, came into Great Britain, wasn't it? Can you remember how we talked about the Romans having a very strong army and how they captured land around Rome, around its lake, and before long they'd captured land all around the Mediterranean Sea? They formed that into what we call the Roman Empire. Julius Caesar stood in France because he was in the place he captured in France, and he could see Britain across the water. He wondered what the land was like over there, and he came over. Let's see if you can remember the year that was. It was after Jesus was born, so we call that B.C.? No, sorry, it wasn't after; it was before Jesus was born. We call it B.C., before Christ. It was about two thousand years ago, and it was how many years before Christ? Jody, perhaps you could think. If you want us to listen to your playing this afternoon, I would like you to listen to what I have to say this morning, please. Can you tell us? Can you tell us? On the top of this sheet, it told you. Kieran? Fifty-five. Good, it was fifty-five B.C. Fifty-five years before Jesus was born. And you know, we've had Bible stories just before Christmas. We know about the Romans being there in Greece and Rome and all around that area at that time because when Jesus was born, the Roman soldiers were there. The king at that time, Herod, ordered that all babies were killed, and the Romans went out to do that, didn't they? All babies born. You tell us, Kieran, sorry? He killed them and heard that Jesus was born and he would be made king, so he sent his men to go out and find every baby that was under two or three years old and kill them. Can you speak up when you're telling us? And Joseph and Mary went to Egypt or somewhere, yeah, Egypt. When they went, I think the angels called them to go because they came to Egypt as well, and then they went to Bethlehem to get taxed, didn't they? So we do know, and we do remember reading about it.
I was born on Church Street. I was only one. There were no brothers or sisters, which for the record I regret, because all around me I had cousins, dozens of them. The families around me were big families. There were times when it was bad weather or something like that and you couldn't congregate outside. You'd go to somebody's house. "Are you coming?" "No, I'm stopping in with our kid," you know. And you couldn't impose. So if there was fisticuffs, fights, falling out, "I'll fetch our kid! I'll fetch our wench!" Honestly and truthfully, you used to feel it, you know. Because when there was any trouble, problems or like that, there was always somebody to share it. It had advantages in some ways. Perhaps you had a little bit more luxuries than the bigger family. But in my mind, that didn't make up for the companionship of brothers and sisters. No, that's how I put it anyway. Where did you go to school? Well, I started school at the national school in the High Street by the fountain in 1921. You used to have to take exams, and if you passed the exams you could go to Alma Green Secondary School. Well, I was taking piano lessons, studying for the exams. I went over the top, I had to give it up, and I didn't go to school then for another eighteen months. Well, when I started back to school I was ten or eleven then, and I went to Field Road School. That's where I finished with school. I finished school when I was fourteen. What work did you do when you left school? When I left school, which was in 1930, it was a bad time for employment. There was a lot of unemployed people. I tried and tried and eventually I was offered a job at the Bloxwich Lock and Stamping Company in Bell Lane, Alexander works. It was a family concern. It was the first offer I'd had for employment, so I took it. My mother wasn't very pleased with me going to work there, but I said, "Well, it's a start," so I stopped. And why wasn't she pleased? Anyway, to finish that story about stopping and starting, I stopped there for fifty years. My mother was still alive when I was ninety-three and when I retired in 1979 or 1980. I told my mum that I was finishing and she looked at me. "I told you that job wouldn't last." And I mean, I'd done fifty years all but a few months. Why didn't she want you to work there? Well, it hadn't a very good reputation for pay and employment, but anyway. She thought you could do better than that. Yeah. Anyway, that's what happened. I was there. I started. Mind you, I started and finished there. We was engaged in making locks. Most of the locks were wardrobe locks, small cabinet locks, lever locks. But one of the biggest kind of locks we made was the locks for cars and vans. In them days, that was fantastic because most of the car bodies was of wood. The framework was wood. So the locks were three or four by five, seven by eight, and selvedges on them fourteen inches.
Okay. So we will wait for Andrew to come up with his amendments, and therefore we may as well go through the rest of the agenda and slot Andrew's in when he comes in. So, please, can we roll that back as well then? Roll what back? Ah, got it. You don't need to roll it back. Saved by the bell. Have you got a spare agenda? Didn't you get one, Jim? You'd better get a couple, Nola. Here you are. I'll get a couple. Right. We've done an exercise on comparing bridge and works projects and a few QS individual projects against AC skills or IRC skills. Thanks. Just to sort of flag up jobs which were over a hundred thousand pounds and that had finished or are well on their way this year. It's an exercise that you've been asking for. Morning. Yeah. Morning. Morning. This isn't what was holding. No. No. No. No. Oh. This is S. No. This is the thing Ken done for us. Right. Well, would you like to take us through in summary then, Trev? What I, my remit to Ken was to go through with Duncan projects which were over a hundred thousand pounds that had gone to the QS for documentation or that we'd completed the site work on. And to extract from the DOPACS function codes anything which wasn't within the scale of B, I.E. railway liaison, evaluation of multiple options. The sort of things that we cover in the code of practice for charging to clients which are outside this. So add in the quantity surveying element. And if the job was only at say tender let stage to only take seventy percent of the fee in accordance with the ACE method. And then to calculate the scale B based on the tender total or the actual totals, with the class D reinforced concrete or structural steelwork element added to it. Added on it. Yeah. Or for the QS jobs just to compare straight ICS scale fee. And then to compare our design fees with the scaled fees. Indicate what the percentage was, because we've always been sitting round this table patting ourselves on the back, saying how cost effective we are. Now, it's obviously there are gonna be jobs in here that are flagged up as overspent, which aren't or which have got very very good reasons for, and I'll be the first to recognize that, and this was just a sort of the ball park stats that you were looking for. And it was quite worrying really when you look down here just how many of are in the right hand column. How many negative ones there are. Bearing in mind that these represent the majority of the large jobs that we've actually had on hand. I've taken out jobs that like St. Pancreas roof which is a total of a large amount of money for scaffolding, but really it's not a proper job. There's no BES jobs in here because we haven't got the mechanism for looking at the BES scale in the timescale we were looking at. Is there no supervision involved? There's no site super, there's no resident engineering involved and no workshop supervisors involved. Right. There's no railway liaison, there's no prices. They would always come on a time basis anyhow, all those operations. These are. That's correct. Yes. We've subtracted scaled fee costs against the equivalent cost of our design. That's right. Right. Accepting your qualifications, Trev, that there may be.
tell them that, at the end of next month, for a week, to mark Australia Day, this programme will be coming to you live from Sydney. Now, we're looking for two couples to accompany us down under, to find out how you can perhaps qualify, stay tuned for the Dougie Down Under competition, thanks to QUANTAS, Australia's national airline. Ten to eight is the time, Anna from Chigwell is on the line to me. Anna, good morning. Good morning, Doug, I'm a first time caller. Welcome, what would you like to talk about? Well, I'd just like to say, about the lady who kept her hat on in the house all the time, and if someone called that she didn't like, she would say I'm just going out. If someone called that she liked, she'd say, I've just come in. You're referring to the story that we were discussing earlier, yes. We've had a lot of calls on this on the best way to deal with house guests who inflict themselves on you over Christmas, have you ever had any horror stories yourself? I guess well not really, I try to make people welcome, and they usually let me know if they're coming and then I'm prepared. Well, that's true, but there are some people whom you'd rather not have in your house, that you really can't do much to avoid coming, can you really? Well you can say you're going away can't you? I suppose you can really. I mean there're always excuses these days. People do go away for Christmas. Yes, that's a lovely story, Anna, she had a hat on and if she didn't want to see anybody, she was just going out and if she did, she was just coming in. That's lovely well, yes. Well, listen, can I say something else? Please do. About the television licence. That's right, this proposal by the Commons' Heritage Committee, that if you actually want another telly in your house, you have to pay twenty quid extra. Well, I have one, and I think that's expensive enough, but regarding the licence extra money, I think that we shouldn't have to pay any television licence at all with some of the programmes that we're getting on, they're all repeated. Well, Anna, it is a complaint that is often put up on this programme when we discuss television, they're repeated, and I do agree. There are an awful lot of repeats, especially through the summer, on the BBC especially. But, you know, a lot of those repeats get huge audiences, and they must have repeated Dad's Army, and 'Ello, 'Ello about fourteen hundred times, but they still get enormous ratings, those programmes. I suppose it's the sort of humour that one looks at again and again, and still laughs. I know it is with me, with Dad's Army, so if they're getting huge ratings with those repeats, well, they're obviously gonna put them on aren't they? David from Stratford, good morning. Good morning, Douglas. This is a story that goes back about twenty, twenty one years ago. I was only about twelve, thirteen at the time. We had an aunt and uncle, they lived in Southend, and they used to like to come up and perform, he had a violin and she used to play the piano, and my father didn't really care for the music, but they liked sort of opera and stuff like that. So we saw them actually because we live in a flat, and we saw them coming from the station one Saturday morning, yes. So, we decided to pretend we weren't in. Now, at the time we had my grandmother.
On this subject, we ought to carry on. No, I'll come to it. Do you want to come to it? Alright, I'll come to it. Sorry. Ray, would you care to start the meeting? Okay, yes. Meeting commenced with the production shortages, of which there are no production shortages today. There are also no packaging shortages. Yesterday on non-conformances, most of my non-conformances, I think there are about five outstanding. With the exception of one that is relative to grit sand where the computer... Oh, that one's been sand in the bags instead of sharp sand. What's happened? Have they been scrapped? Is that the super five litre standard? That's correct, yeah. No, what Peter said was if it hasn't been picked up by the lab and it's an internal problem, it can be dealt with internally. So as far as reducing stocks are concerned, am I to reduce my figures by... No, no, because the bags have already been, you know, on the back of the compost plant timesheet, you've already got that those bags have actually been wasted. So that has already been done. So really the non-conformance was no need to be... There was no need because it didn't turn... Issued or raised? The stocks came off, the bag stocks off. So according to Peter, we've no need to do a non-conformance for such as this when it can be dealt with internally within a couple of days. It's nice to see that it was action anyway and the rest of the... I agree with that. Gone through despite... But there is actually some production shortage because we want four hundred twenty-five kilos. Well, according to Cindy this morning, that's where I got my information from, she said there were no production shortages from yesterday. But there's one today. We need four hundred S H M load samples for, but it's in S H M bags. We've only got two pallets. And they can't produce them. They can't produce some more tomorrow because they're on tomorrow. Check with Rob. Loaded today, delivered tomorrow. So it's that doesn't... Cindy's now see if we can put the lorry back or see if the... How long does it need to get it done? It won't be ready until tomorrow afternoon. Be on stock duty, did you say? Well, there's eighty on stock. We know it's eighty from the stock count, but I don't know what the computer says. Well, we'll have a look, that's the simple answer. So we're trying to rearrange the load like... Because it's ten tonne short on the lorry. Did... was mentioned yesterday because we didn't have any of this... Seaweed. Seaweed in, and that's coming in on Friday. And I asked Jackie yesterday whether she could come in and talk to you, she was trying to Monday. No, she's sorted it out. What she decided to do was produce Monday, which we agreed to put it in for Monday, and she would ask them midweek delivery. I was just wondering put that back to the same delivery. Well, this isn't going direct to... So and it's part of the three drop load so... No, Jackie agreed that midweek the turf hardener goes out. Is that lorry going out ten tonne short today then? Yes, ten tonne short. Well, I don't know yet, we're trying to sort that one out, we're trying to either put the load back or get another order to go with it. As I say, plus they're not gonna want that today, are they? They're not gonna... they're not gonna use it in... No, no, they're not gonna use it today. Well, they're not gonna be using it tomorrow when it gets there. But the other one of the is a nine o'clock delivery in the morning, you see, so the rest of the load...
Are you who have you got then? Okay, who is it? Get real. Okay. Because I've got one tonight, haven't I? Anywhere you want to sit, lads. Next to each other ideally should be moving around now. Right. Where are you going to go? My seat. So who's going to go first out of you two? Yeah, I'll go first. Right. Give us your form then, and in your own time and your own pace. Just going to get a quick little refresher. Just a quick refresher, I don't know what page it's on. That would be a good refresher for you. No, it's alright, I've got that in my head. Okay, I'll, it's alright. Hi Mike. Hi. How are you doing? Very well, thank you. Okay. All we've been through this evening, yes. Are you quite happy with it? Yes, quite interesting, yes. Quite interesting? And you're happy, ah right. Yes. Okay, right, that's good. Do you remember when I said as we were going through, I said there were one or two things that you perhaps could help me with? Yes, you did mention that, yes. Yeah? Well, I'm, as a matter of fact, before that, I actually said that all this that I am doing on your behalf is completely free of charge. You did. I did, didn't I? Yes. Well, it's a bit of a lie actually, there's a fee involved in all the preparation and all the work I've done. And what do you think the fee's worth? How much do you think it's worth? Well, I don't know, you didn't mention this earlier, did you? That's true, as I said, I lied a little bit. I failed to tell you the cost of the fee. How much do you think it's worth? Well, I don't know. You don't know? Alright, let me tell you, it's not actual money. The help will come in the form of recommendations. Ah, yes. Yeah? I would appreciate it very, very much indeed, Mike, if you know, you could recommend me to one or two people you know, open-minded like yourself, who I can sit with, take a couple of half an hour of their time like I've done with you, show them what the services are. Well, I don't think I know anybody that would be interested really. Yeah? As we were going through and we talked about a will, you said there's somebody you knew who would be able to, you know, who you'd like to carry out your wishes if you were not here to carry them out yourself. I think it was, was it John? Oh yes, yes. Yeah? You know, have you got his phone number? Yes, okay, I can give you that, yes. Great, that's okay, right. And is your brother-in-law? Yes, my brother-in-law, yes. Right, right, right, right. And does he live locally? Yes, but I'm not sure. I think I'd rather phone him first if... Ah, in fact, I'd appreciate that very, very much indeed, Mike. I'll tell you, give him a ring, tell him that you've given me his telephone number and he should expect that I'll give him a call in the next week. Okay then, yes, okay then. That's terrific. Okay. Is there anyone else as open-minded as your brother-in-law? No, I can't think of anybody at the moment. You can't think. You play cricket, don't you? I've been known to have the odd game, yes. Right. There's about twelve other guys. Right. Course, naturally, as in the service, this cost, this for yourself? Perhaps they could take up services. The guys you play cricket with, what are their names? You want all twelve do you? I wouldn't mind! I'm a greedy person as you can see, look at the size of me. I'll speak to them first and I'll, when you come back with some details, I'll let you know then. Sure, so at least you'll know when I come back.
Good morning, good morning. Good morrow. How are you today? I'm fine. How are you? I'm alive. Causing trouble. I suppose you're ahead of the game if you're alive. Yes. That's it. Now then young man, what can we do for you today? Well. You're alright, check that. You know the young man? Yes. Yes. Trouble? No problems. No problem. No problems, good. No problem there at all. Good. And how have you been doing? The last five days or so, I've been getting up less. Good. Three times. I've been getting up three times. And one day I got up once. So it must be making a difference. Good. That's great. Keep on with it for another maybe, maybe another once or twice and I'll have the job done. I hope. It's going anyway, it's working. It's making a difference to life. Good. Good. Oh it is. And I want some pills for circulation, I've only got two left. Right. Three a day, they don't last long. No, you go through them. How's May getting on? How's May? Brighter now. She's having trouble walking now, she's not walking very well. She not? No. And the poor girl can't tell you what's the trouble. No. Otherwise she's as cheery as ever. She's happy as ever? Aye. Oh that's good. Well that's a good sign. Yeah. There we are, that'll keep you going for a wee while longer James. Thank you very much. Right. Okay, right Jim. We'll see you in five or six weeks again. Thanks. Right. Cheerio now.
Of course. It wouldn't be the same place if I wasn't. I never should have. What's this? Oh she's. Give me strength. It was my stomach. I think I must have picked up a virus. Sure did. Because I was passing it so she gave me a couple of tablets. She gave me some. Still a bit of diarrhoea in the mornings. Still a bit loose in the morning are you? Aye. Still loose in the mornings. That's the worst I've ever had mind. The older you get you imagine it's worse. You know? Once it's past twenty one. Aye. Well you maybe think it's worse in the morning but then after the diarrhoea stopped it was a kind of sickness you know? You'd got nothing left there to do anything else with because you'd. That's right. And you were feeling as it were ready to come up the way you were swallowing it you could feel it. Oh it's. The wife comes in she stays up around the corner and keeps an eye on the on a Saturday. On a Sunday though. I've made a soup. She says I don't know. So when Bobby says, are you gonna give me, are you gonna give. Aye. I tell her and she says, well look, get another line from your doctor. I phoned her at work at the tribunal. I phoned her and I says to her I says. She said, well look, go back to your doctor she says. Don't quote me, she says. I said, if you'd have said what you should have said at the bloody tribunal. One of these capsules after your breakfast in the morning and after your cup of tea at five o'clock. Right. Settle. Will it? Settle the. A cup of coffee that I'm ready to get on. That's right. First thing make a cup of coffee in the morning you know. Aye. Well that's why you're to take that as soon as you get, as soon as you start morning. This morning what I'd done this morning was just dancing about because I had to go to the toilet I couldn't wait and I was dancing about and I said, I'm not gonna make it. With that cup of coffee and, oh yes you are. She's a bad woman. She's a bad woman. She is. I was purple. That's terrible. Oh that's hard. And that's. Aye. Right Alec. Cheerio then. Cheerio now.
Thank you. Hello. What can we do for you today? Well, I've had a sore throat. It's about three weeks now. Not a sore throat, you know, it's there for a couple of days and then it kind of eases off. I think it's getting better and then the next day it's as bad as ever. As bad as ever. This morning I can kind of feel it, but last night it was as if when I swallowed there was a big lump. Like a lump at the back? Stick your tongue out. Oh, aye, a way down, see just in through there? Down the sides there, not up beside your tonsils. It's a way down the back. Right. And see that wee thing that hangs down the back? That's what you're feeling. And it's rubbing up against your tongue. Aye. But I didn't feel it as bad this morning. That's right. Oh no. Aye. Up here and I've been keeping putting it off and putting it off. It comes back into it. Some nights it's quite good and then other nights it feels all dry and it feels like in the morning. I've a right cough as well and a tickle and that's what I'm bringing up. It's filthy. You have trouble with your sinuses at all? Aye, I can do. Kind of choke down. Kind of choke down again. It might well be coming from there. See I've had a couple of colds the past few months and then you think, well that's me, I'm getting better. And then the next morning I'm up I feel as I was going to take it again. It feels all choked up again. Aye. Right. It sounds as though it might well be stuck in your sinuses here and this stuff's running down the back and landing in the back of your throat here. You're what? Aye. Three. Now, I've given you some antibiotics. They're to take during the day. And I've given you special stuff for nighttime to keep the back of your throat clear at night. Because that's half the battle if you can keep nights. I didn't have a decent night's sleep just for the tickle you know. That's right, the continual it's this continual stuff running down the back that goes for it. There we are. Right. Thanks Doctor. I wonder if I could show you a mole? I've got, I feel as if it's getting and I don't know if it's to be. I've had it for years and never bothered. Aye, I know but they change. Let's look. Yeah. It's starting to get black at one side alright. You see I cannot not see it but I just felt it. Right. Something's up. I'm not scratching it because I can't scratch it but I'm worried about it. Yeah. Well I think you better get this seen to. It's, there's a tiny wee corner at the top there where the colour's changing. Is it? And there's another wee bit there. Aye. Get it off. Right. Get it off. I've been going to come up about it and it's, och aye, it's one of these things. Do you think it? I've had it for all this time, I hope. Yeah. Well it wouldn't make any difference. Now, all I need for you to go and see the skin specialist and get it in the bucket and then there's no worry about it. Okay then. Right. Okay Alison. Thanks a lot. Right. Cheerio now. Bye. Are you alright yourself? Yeah. Yeah. It's no problem. It's just typical isn't it? That's it. Right. Thanks. Cheerio now. Cheerio. Letter to District Hospital, thirty two. Dear Doctor, this woman has a mole on her right upper arm. She tells me that this has recently become quite itchy, and when there appear to be one or two areas that have become discoloured darker.
Four legs good! Two legs bad! Unless you're a chicken, or to put it boldly, animals have rights too! But exactly what rights do they have? And does supporting animal rights justify violence? The animal rights lobby is a forceful one by various means, some legal, some not, some specific, some violent. Campaigners seek to convince the unconverted that animals deserve a better deal! Which animals? And what's the better deal? Let's find out. And let's start with a basic question, here in this nation of animal lovers, do you think animals deserve a better deal? Some animals? All animals? Any animals? Do they deserve a better deal? Button one for yes, and button two for no. This is a descriptive vote because this hundred women are not a representative cross section of the whole of Scotland they're invited to come from various places and ninety six of them think that animals deserve a better deal. When you said yes to that which animals did you mean? And what were you talking about? Yes? I think a lot of people see the stray dogs problem as a big problem, certainly if people have decided to partake of pets, they have a responsibility to look after them and not throw them out on the streets. Okay so and I think problems like that are due to human irresponsibility! So those animals do have a raw deal! Okay, that's one area. Who else said yes, and why? Up, yes? I think animals that are used for human entertainment definitely deserve a better deal, for example, large wild animals that are used in circuses, we haven't got the right, as people, to say that they're here for our entertainment. What would that better deal be in that case? The better deal would be not being transported up and down the country, and not being made to perform tricks that are unnatural to their own behaviour patterns. Aha. Aha. Any other views? Yes? I think that concern should also spread to animals that are hunted for pleasure as well, i.e. the stags, deer, foxes, hares, I mean, there's quite a considerable list that's all done for entertainment. Mhm. Now the better deal there presumably would involve not chasing them at all! Not hunting them at all? No! I mean okay, let them live their lives in peace without the harassment of chasing them with dogs and supporters and what have you! Okay. Any others that, yes? I don't think animals should be used to be tested for cosmetics, perfumes or detergents, different things like that. What about medical research? Well, there again, yes, with reservations because if it comes to the fact that if it's going to save human lives, yes. Yes, and you get all the animals who are experimented on and there's not a week that comes out and you don't get a report saying, oh well this this, this causes cancer in rats or and you imagine the amount, the huge amounts of the substance, whatever substance it is that had been given to rats to cause the cancer, and there's no knowing that the amount that's gonna be given to rats causing cancer, will give cancer to humans! I mean, it's just absolutely ridiculous! I'm a trustee for the beauty without cruelty charity and we would like to see an end to all experiments on animals, for cosmetics, toiletry, household product purposes. Hasn't that campaign been going for a long time? Oh many, many years! Yes! And we're making progress now. How? There are already many alternatives to the research carried out on animals which has been going on for a long time. For example
So tell me about when you first moved in. Yes. In nineteen fifty one, can you remember what it was like when you first moved in? Yes, there were I think there was one, two, three, four houses, four or five houses that were occupied before we came in. They were still building The Chantry incidentally. It was quite a shock to us and the wife was a bit upset, you know, when having to. We came from Plymouth actually, Devon, and the wife was a bit down, you know, all the night travelling all night with the children. With three of them. I remember that. You remember it? Yeah. Yeah, cos didn't you. And of course we arrived in Harlow on the train and we couldn't see any new buildings anywhere, you know, near Harlow Mill. Yes. And they were coming up and went across to get a drink of lemonade and it was a bloody hot day, really, you know a midsummer day. We went across to this kind of cafe place that's opposite the station and I saw two men with rubber boots on. So I went over and ask them where the New Town was, and they told us where, walk up the road till you come to the lights, turn right, follow the lane and you'll come to the New Town. And that was the old Netteswell Lane wasn't it? Did you come by car? No by train. We never had a car had we? So you walked? We walked from the station yeah it's Harlow. Yeah we walked as far as the lights. Harlow Mill as it was then on the what was then the A eleven. Oh that was Harlow Town Station then wasn't it? It's called Harlow Town. Called Harlow Town and Burnt Mill but now it's the other way round. Yes. And we'd got there and a young lady came along delivering milk you know with a big milk float and she put the twins Brenda and... No I thought, no. No mother, you and... Mum, I didn't. Mum sat next to you in the front, she sat you two on top of the... On the float? Yeah, cos we had... and Keith and I walked. and mum couldn't walk any further could she? So you had three children? Yes. And your age's what nine, and you have a twin? Yeah I have a twin brother and... Another nine and a brother fourteen. and Katie was five years old. Well he was fourteen the following August. Yeah he was five years old he was that August we arrived. And when we got here of course it was just, we went down this lane. Of course which is now Netteswell Lane and... But didn't you come up a few days before us? You were here before us weren't you? No, no, no you've got it the wrong way round. I went, I brought you here and then I had to go back cos I was in the Royal Marine Police. Yeah, but, but didn't you when you got here they'd given you , don't you remember? Ah, no. and you went to and somebody was living in there. No, no love, because wasn't built then. It was dad, that bit was built. Oh well, no what happen was... don't you remember you had to go to the housing office. Just before we left Plymouth they altered it to , I knew it was the... Oh. It was. A hundred and eleven. A hundred and eleven. That's right. It was right opposite the pub now, but that was all fields then weren't it? That was all fields, yeah. So your wife hadn't seen the house. Oh no. Before you actually moved in? No we didn't know what we were going to. No it was a long way to come from Plymouth you know so we didn't know. We came on a, I think it was on a Friday or Saturday morning and I had to go back Sunday night, cos I was on duty on the Monday back in Plymouth, and I did a month in Plymouth, a month or...
Come in. Doctor, can you change my? There you go, thank you. Thank you very much. Doctor, for all that, she says well I don't know what'll happen. I say well you'll need to cancel it because they send an appointment to that person. We will be charged for it, even if they don't attend. That's right, that's what I thought. So I've asked her just to phone cancel it out, and that should just be the end of it. And that's it, okay. Right, that's great Jean, thanks. Good morning. Good morning. Well young sir, what can we do for you today? I was going to get an employed Doctor. I thought I might ask you while I'm here about how my blood tests went. Blood tests. The labs have got it. I'm attending this Doctor, I go back at the end. Blood tests seem to have been alright, yeah. Oh aye. Good, that's good John. Yeah. Now he wants you to stay on your tablets just the same as before. Aye well, while I'm here could I get another supply because actually I, the dose that I had to take, I cut them down to see how it would go but I must admit, I suffered from it Doctor, it didn't do me any good, you know. That's right, that's right. And the other thing was the Brekanil. Pardon? Brekanil was the other thing he wanted you to have. It's the inhaler. The puffer thing. Oh I see. Fair enough. Aye. There we are. And I cannae sleep lying down horizontally, I've got to kind of be propped up a bit. Right. Propped up. Doctor, you know. Now that's that. Anything to let you get a wee bit of a sleep. Just if you take this just about an hour before bedtime. Oh is this something? Just something to let you get over into a nice easy sleep, John. Right Doctor, fair enough. Save you getting any wheezing during the night. There we are John, that'll keep things right. Thank you Doctor. Are you due an insurance line today? Yes, I am Doctor. If you actually date it from yesterday? Sure. Is that possible as well? Sure. It being the holiday. Aye. Chesty in the morning then, bit chesty at night you know? That's right, that's it. There you are young John. Right. Thanks very much. Okay John. Cheerio now. Cheerio.
Yeah but the Open University ones cover all of the material and they're what I actually wrote the lectures from. But there's six of them, which is why the only advantage of the other one is that it's one not six. The material is all covered. There are three copies of most of them in the library, one on short loan and one on general loan. What's the other one like? That's quite good for the biological stuff. It doesn't really contain much useful for the last three or four lectures. It doesn't contain much on ocean circulation and the physics, but it covers the biology interactions quite well. Right then, we'll leave some of the physics and stuff that we've been doing behind now and just spend one lecture looking at some chemistry. Most of the ninety-two naturally occurring elements, leaving aside the elements that have been created artificially in particle accelerators and things, have been found in sea water. It's quite likely that those that haven't yet been recorded from sea water will be recorded as our analytical techniques get better. So basically you can consider sea water as being a solution containing salts of all of the naturally occurring elements. You will probably be relieved to hear that you're not expected to memorize that table and to regurgitate it in the exam. What you should be aware of though is which elements are the most common in sea water. You'll not be too surprised to learn that sodium and chlorine, as in sodium chloride, as in common salt, are in fact the two most common elements in sea water, followed by magnesium, sulphur, and calcium. Now there is inherently a problem in carrying out any chemical analysis of sea water, and that is the fact that sea water contains lots of lumpy bits. These particles, this particulate matter, is generally given the generic term seston. Some of those particles are mineral particles, some of them are colloidal aggregates as iron ions tend to come together to form colloids in solution, and some of them are particles of biological origin. So there are a whole range of different origins to these particles, but they're all floating around in the sea water. So if you come to try and analyze sea water, you first of all have to separate the aqueous phase and those things in solution from this particulate material. For no real reason other than tradition, samples are normally passed through a forty-five micron sieve or membrane filter. So sea water analysis then is carried out on the water which passes through the forty-five micron filter. Typically in the open ocean situation, sea water contains thirty-five parts per thousand of salt, usually expressed with that symbol. Sometimes you'll see it written as parts per thousand, PPT, and what that means is that there are thirty-five grams of salt per kilogram of water. That's usually given the symbol S and is referred to as the salinity. We can divide the components of sea water into three categories. Firstly, those things which we can consider to be major constituents. These are substances which are present at concentrations greater than one part per million. So if you look down your table...
Hello Chris. We play games on it though. No. Has anyone got a? I don't think it's, I mean. Good communication though. Mm. Try A two see if A two's on it. Yeah absolutely nothing at all. What sort of resistance on that lot? Christina go to your lecture tomorrow. Say again? Ten o'clock drive down to North Shields with all speed. What's this? All speed. Then you don't need to miss your lecture. Oh no, right. Shame, bad luck Chris. Can you drive over with either Christina or Edward? Yeah. Where was that man that wanted? Is he willing to pay for them? Oh yeah whooo! Hurray! Oh well done Lily. Oh I just wanted to ask you how to work the machine but it's done now. Oh right. Good. Oceans and climate, it's not currents it's oceans and climate. Who? We're missing out currents. I might have to steal some more paper later on, Mm! but I'll give it you back. Can I switch the lights on? Yeah. The highly productive waters off once supported one of the most bountiful fisheries in the world but in nineteen eighty three the which produced the fish failed and the fishery crashed. Deprived of the which they the marine iguanas of the Galapagos starved to death. Arid equatorial islands were transformed by rainfall but their sea bird populations disappeared. Had returned. The climatic perturbations known as alminio seemed to occur every two to ten years. The nineteen eighty two to three event was one of the most severe on record and its affects were felt around the world. Large parts of Africa, India and Australia were ravished by drought while the west coast of the Americas was lashed by storms and torrential rain. The nineteen eighty two to three event was also the most comprehensibly observed so far. The changing patterns of sea surface temperature were recorded by satellite mounted sensors and they showed a region of unusually warm water travelling across the Pacific. But why did this happen? At the time a number of instrumented buoys were moored along the equator and were sending back information about the wind and sea conditions. In addition, large numbers of drifter buoys were launched into the ocean off Peru and for several months they were tracked via the Argos satellite as they drifted with the surface currents. You can see the paths of the drifter buoys looking like comet tails. Thin arrows centred on the equator show wind direction while the thicker arrows show current direction. Watch the buoy drifting westwards just north of the equator. As it approaches one of the moorings it suddenly changes direction with the current. Normally we'd expect these buoys to move west in the south equatorial current under the influence of the south easterly trade winds but during alminio winds become weak and westerly and buoys putting off the coast of Peru seemed to wander about aimlessly. Other buoys previously moving westwards now changed direction. So it seems that the weakening of the trade winds allowed more surface water normally piled up in the western Pacific to flow back eastwards across the ocean. But it's not as simple as that. Sea surface temperature affects processes in the atmosphere. Ocean and atmosphere form one system. Our work proceeds by trying to model this ocean atmosphere system and initially we made these models to develop an understanding but it turned out that the models worked pretty well to make predictions. Now in order to make a prediction of what say what's going to happen this year I would have to know the state of the system of the ocean an
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the fifty seventh day of this enquiry. I hope, I imagine I should say perhaps, that this is the last day on which the County Council will be represented formally at the enquiry. We turn now to land north of Skelton. Good morning ladies and gentlemen. We're dealing this morning with topic areas thirty nine and forty, and sites two and three. Can I just begin by taking the appearances first please. Sir, my name is George. I'm here in an honourary capacity as advocate and expert witness on behalf of the Skelton Parish Council, the Skelton Village Trust. I don't think there's any need to read all the other names. Is it correctly set out on the day's programme? It is indeed sir. Good. It is set out on my proof, G W Fourteen. I haven't checked the wording of today's programme, but I've no reason to assume that any mistakes will have been made on that. I have from you I think six documents. There is a summary, your proof, your appendices, there's a letter dated the fourth of February from the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust, there is a special statement, and last, and only just received in the last few minutes, there is a supplementary note by Doctor on the Greater Crested Newt and its importance in relation to Skelton Pond. Sir, you have enumerated all the documents which exist on our side, and with regard to the letters of the fourth of February and the twentieth of April to which you have referred, they are part of the set of appendices, and are respectively appendix eight and appendix nine. I appreciate that point, but as they arrived separately they've been given different numbers as simply a matter of administrative convenience. Sir, before I open the case, after you have taken the appearances, it is my intention with your permission to make a special statement having regard to an event in the past, and to then make submissions. Thank you. Thank you very much. Sir yes, I represent the County Council with respect to these objections sir, and I shall be calling Mrs. to give the evidence, and she will produce a proof and a bundle of appendices which consist of two plans. Those are documents N Y Two Three Seven and N Y Two Three Eight. Thank you very much. And for the District Council, Mr. Yes sir. Sir, I'll be calling Mr. His proof is R D Eighty Two with appendices R D Eighty Three. Thank you very much. Yes sir. Sir, I'm instructed by Mrs. I represent those who are enumerated on the second sheet. Thank you for not. Yes, thank you very much. That's quite a long list I think. Sir, you have before you I hope the proof of evidence and appendices from Mrs. Yes. Sir, with permission, the course I propose to adopt is as follows. I propose to call her, but if in the event I judge it to be unnecessary then I shall invite because I don't want to add unnecessarily to the length of these proceedings. Thank you very much indeed. Right, Mr. then please. Sir this is a special statement. I was advised by the Greenbelt Local Plan Programme Officer, on fifth March, that counsel for North Yorkshire County Council, with the apparent concurrence of counsel for Ryedale District Council, had delivered an oral submission to the inspector, that at the hearing of the case which was to have taken place on the eleventh of March, certain evidence contained in my proof of evidence issued on twelfth February should be treated.
Anybody been here before? No. Okay, excellent, so you don't know what's going to happen? No? Okay brilliant. Well what do you think ARC stands for then? Have you been told this? No. Say that again? Okay. It's archaeological's the first word. Well the second two, resource centre. Resource centre okay. Archaeological Resource Centre. So what do archaeologists actually do then? Any idea? Yes. Look for bones and things. Pardon? Look for bones and that. Look for bones, okay. What else do we look for? Erm old things from the Romans. Roman stuff, okay. What kind of things do you think? We've got bones is one good one. Yeah? Bowls. Bowls, pottery yeah. Pottery's another one. And what's another one? Coins. Coins maybe. Fossils. Fossils, that's really palaeotology, that's to do with dinosaurs and that kind of thing. We're involved with people, okay? Well china, pottery, bowls all the same kind of thing. Buildings, brilliant. Okay they're the main three. We've got pottery, we've got bones, we've got buildings, okay. So you might want to remember that when you get in there because on the first exhibit you're gonna have to use that bit of information. Okay. Right what other things do you think we might dig up? They're the main three. We've had coins as one. What else? Think of some everyday things that you probably don't even think of. Pardon? Okay maybe. What else? Weapons. Weapons possibly, depending on what period. Clothes. Clothes, brilliant. Okay we find quite a few clothes bits of leather, shoes, stuff like that, okay. That's another exhibit that's gonna be in there, you'll be able to have a go at making a shoe. Right. Okay, we've got these three kinds of building these materials, okay. We've got bones, we've got pottery and we've got building material. Right what do you think happens to them once we've found it? We've dug it out the ground. What's the next thing that's going to happen to it? Yeah? Clean them. Clean them, okay. What with? Brush. A brush and what else? Well we've got the object, we've got a brush what kind of liquid thing? Are we gonna use bleach or what? Water. Water, okay. Brush and water that'll do. Okay, right so we've cleaned it, now what we gonna do? Put it in. Yeah we're gonna have to dry it first, okay. We've got a wet object. Right okay. At the moment we've got these piles of washed finds here. We've got building materials, shells, bones all sorts all mixed together. What do you think we might do before we send it off? Sort them out okay. And that's what you're gonna do as soon as you get in there, that's your first activity. You're gonna be given, Toby because they're late they'll have to miss the video. Oh. Right well okay. Because the other group are here already, they're here on time. Right-oh. So the talk's nearly finished anyway. Okay. Okay. Right, sorry about that. Right, okay, we've sorted them out. That's what you're gonna do, you're gonna be given a pile full of bits of rubble, shells, all sorts, and you've got to sort them out to different piles. Okay? Right. So what happens after we've sorted them out? So we've got a pile of bones, a pile of building material, lumps of wood, what do you think we might do to them next? Okay yeah, we might preserve them. And then what? We've got this lump of bone okay, we don't know what it is, what we gonna do with it? Okay. We might study it, but more likely? Do you think people who are digging a
Right, coming in? Thanks very much. Okay, we looked last time at the development of the Kuomintang and nationalist China after the 1925–27 revolution, and I said then that the defeat of that revolution had a profound effect on the character of the Kuomintang and the nationalist China over which it presided. Exactly the same is true of the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party is totally transformed—I think transformed out of all recognition—and becomes a completely different kind of political organization as a result of what happens in 1925–27. To understand that change, I want to go back to the beginning and just trace what has happened to the Chinese Communist Party since it was formed in 1921. When it was first founded, it had a mere 57 members, and it didn’t grow very much for a number of years. By the middle of 1923 there were only 300 members of the Party. By the middle of 1925 only a thousand members. Then, of course, the revolution broke out, originally in Shanghai with the May Thirtieth Movement, subsequently spreading to Canton and Hong Kong and other major cities in the south and east of China. And then the Communist Party began to grow very dramatically. By the end of the first year of revolution they had ten thousand members, so they increased in size ten times in about six months. By the middle of 1926 they had thirty thousand members, and then they peaked in early 1927 with sixty thousand members. Now that is actually a very large organization indeed given the size of the Chinese working class. Something like fifty percent of the members are actually industrial workers. The rest are primarily intellectuals and students. That means at the peak, the Communist Party has a working‑class membership of something like thirty thousand plus, which is one in every hundred industrial workers in China at this time. That is a pretty substantial party, given that the Communist Party is essentially a party of working‑class militants, shop stewards, trade‑union organizers, and so on. That means it has really very substantial influence inside the Chinese working class. It controls many trade unions, including some of the big confederations—most notably the Shanghai General Labour Union, a sort of TUC really, uniting all the unions in Shanghai, controlled by the Communist Party. And so were many other major unions and union confederations. This Party is then very substantially destroyed—not completely, but very largely—by the 1927 coup and the repression that follows. There are large numbers of executions, lots of people are taken off to prison, many people in fear and despair and demoralization drop out of the Communist Party. It’s particularly dangerous to be a Communist Party member in the major cities where the repression is most intense and where the security forces are most numerous.
The way we're going to recover the figure first is on that. I want to work out what's involved there. I'll go at something like twenty per cent, so it'll come out about twenty pound fifty something like that. I'll go in at first, I'll see how much that's gonna be which is about seven hundred pounds. And I'll work that into the five per cent and it may reduce the period of time to five months say or four months but I'll work it out. And I'll say to him, right, okay, we'll give you the five per cent reduction for only eight months of the year. But this bearing goes up to this price. And in effect what you're doing is helping us out with the cost that we incurred in getting it and the help that we've done you. I've got the price of that product up and also get him his reduction after a period of time. When you're talking about what it's cost us to get him those bearings, the figure is well over a thousand pounds. This simple bit is the overtime. The overtime that we worked is about thirty five hours at six pounds an hour. We had three additional setups. Those were only the setups as a result of breaking something else down and putting this bearing on. It had nothing to do with the setups involved in splitting the batch. So you've got there three at seven and a half hours. Two and a half hours for setup at twenty eight pounds an hour. Right so you've got another hundred and fifty quid there or so at least. A hundred innit yeah. So then you've got the thing that is not measured which we can't measure is the cost of the disruption to all the other customers who's batches have been put back as a result. And now that is immeasurable but it costs. And so if you double the figure that you've got there you may be getting somewhere near. So twelve hundred quid. So a thousand twelve hundred quid is the sort of minimum figure you should be talking about. And when he says well how the hell do you make that up? Well I'll give you the easy bit, that's manufacturing, he's not daft. He'll know it's gonna cost something like that. So yeah, fine. I just want to get the emphasis back onto that one first, and the products, we accepted it and we've got to live with it at some point in time, but the longer I can put that off, the better. But the majority of the advantage I make, I want to be put into the . I would suggest that when you do this five per cent thing make your price adjustment. Even if it's three per cent, make your price adjustment soon. Make it now and say well we'll hold that for five months but then we'll go back to the higher price. We'll restrict it instead of going into the full year. Instead of to the higher price for the end of the year we might say well just do it the end of the year. I'll see what I can get from him, yeah. And we've then contributed to his cost down because over all his situation will be better. And we'll have given it him on his total cost.
Not his hair, not other things about him, obvious things about him. His colour. What colour was he? White. Good lad. He was white. Obvious things about him again that you might forget, obvious things. He had a moustache. He had a moustache, yes, but I'm talking about really obvious things that we might forget. Policemen would remember but you might forget, obvious thing he was white. Slim. Good girl. He was slim. And we have done this before haven't we? Yeah he was slim, what else was he? Was he right at the back. Quite tall. He was quite tall. Obvious things about him you forget, right? He was white slim and quite tall, yeah? Then you can give him the clothes, right I want the clothes. Dark no light brown leather jacket. Light brown leather jacket, we'll see in a minute on the video. He had black jeans on and white shoes. Black jeans and white cords, we'll see if you're right, it's gonna be on in a minute. Black shades. Black shades, when do you mean black shades, like mirror shades yeah? Yeah. Right, well done. He was in his thirties. He was in his thirties, I would put him in his early thirties, yeah, I'd say he was younger than me. Yeah. He had brown hair. He had brown, see if you're right in a minute. See if you're right. He had a moustache. He had a moustache, yes. He had a blue car and he had a blue car, stop it there, I'll stop it there, he had a blue car. What is important about the car? You've gotta remember. Oh! Yeah, what have you got to remember about the car? Registration. Good girl, the registration number, yeah we had before once or twice. Right all hands down and no guesses, no guesses, what was the number? Oh! Oh! No guesses, what was the number? There you go my man. M J B three six seven X. Is he right or is he wrong? Right. Who says he's right? Who says he's wrong? Top of the class, well done. M J B three six seven X. Cos I've caught you out on that before, yeah. What else do you remember about the man? He had a deep voice. He had a deep voice, yeah. I think we've got all of it haven't we? But the important points, what? His shoes were like plimsolls. His shoes were like plimsolls, fair enough, yeah, we'll but the important things to remember, if you can, was his car his number plate, yeah? He was white he was slim and he was a tall man. Yeah? Very important. Okay you may not have ever seen him, he may just have been sitting in the car, then remember his colour maybe his moustache and then the type of car he had. Can anyone, top of the class, what kind of car was it? Oh! Shh shh shh. What type of car was it? Volkswagen. Volkswagen what? Polo? No, you're guessing. It was a hatchback. It was a hatchback. You're gonna see it again. No it's not it's the other one innit? It was blue. Blue, yes, blue. If you didn't see it, it's a tricky one but there's a good way, we've brought up a good point as well, if we look at the car when the car comes up, who said Polo? Cos it's not a Polo, it's a Jetta, it's the one with the boot but if you can't remember what it is you can either, did you know the difference between a car with a boot and a car with a hatchback? Do you know the difference? Do you know the difference? If you don't say, say you don't know the difference and I'll explain. I don't. You don't? A hatchback is where all the back comes up here like a Fiesta yeah? And where a boot is where only the booty bit comes out the, the, the glass window doesn't come up as well. Understand that? Yeah? Yeah. A hatchback.
Bright intervals are possible and apart from the chance of a light shower it should stay dry, milder than of late with a top temperature of eleven celsius, fifty two fahrenheit, in a moderate south easterly wind. Mist and patchy fog will form tonight and drizzle is likely in places too. The overnight low eight celsius, that's forty six degrees fahrenheit. Good afternoon from the county's favourite station, it's half past twelve. Radio Nottingham news headlines with Alison Ford. Calverton Colliery is to close in just three weeks' time. The proposed closure was confirmed just twenty four hours after British Coal announced the pit was to go into the review procedure and revealed that it's lost more than six million pounds in the last six months. British Coal's Midlands Group Director John Longdon has recommended that Calverton should cease production by November the nineteenth. Nottinghamshire police have released a recording of a girl they believe called the Kingsmill Hospital at Sutton in Ashfield claiming she'd had a baby. They think it's the same teenager who's made at least a dozen calls to the police and a hospital in Lincolnshire. She sometimes uses the name Cindy and sometimes Linda. She says she's fourteen and that the father of her child is her own dad. A member of staff has been suspended from a centre for the handicapped in Nottinghamshire pending an internal investigation. The probe at Redoaks Training Centre in Ringworth follows a police investigation at Stonecross Lane Residential Unit in Mansfield. Nottinghamshire County Council won't confirm what the latest allegations are. They've stressed the two cases aren't linked. A Nottingham car salesman who went with two prostitutes aged fourteen and fifteen has been jailed for three years. Forty seven year old John House of Fairwell Drive in Bulwell denied having unlawful sexual intercourse with the girls but was found guilty at Nottingham Crown Court. Recorded crime in England and Wales rose by three point eight per cent in the year to June. Home Office figures put the total of offences at a record five point seven million, but the rate of increase showed a sharp drop on the two previous years and more than half the recorded crime was either theft of or from vehicles. And Nottinghamshire's business leaders are the least confident in the East Midlands about the prospects of increased sales according to a survey by the accountants Price Waterhouse. The survey also says that ten per cent of the county's companies think the market will actually contract in the next six months. Those are the headlines. I'll be back with the news in detail at one o'clock. At twelve thirty two, traffic and travel for Wednesday lunchtime. Listen for a space in a moment, first traffic further afield from Jonathan Clays. And we take a long range view if you're heading on the motorways this afternoon. Locally, no real troubles on the M One. If you're heading down to Leicestershire, we have the work at twenty two on the M One not really causing too many troubles, but some brand new work on the go in Northants today between junctions nineteen and eighteen, that's the M Six down towards Rugby. Southbound looks pretty slow heading into those roadworks as well for the time being. Of course at the top of Derbyshire at junction thirty on the M One we still have the work there. Again just two lanes open can slow things. And a quick glance elsewhere, well no real troubles reported, just a look at the A One Stanford still the road.
Good morning, everyone. I think we have nearly a full house but there may be one or two more people to come. Taking part in the presentation this morning are Frank, who is the managing director of Pearsons, and James, who's the finance director. We're going to take questions at the end. The camera there is for internal use only and at the end we'll hand out copies of the slides to anyone who wants them. Our profits are disappointingly small in relation to the first half of last year. Then, we had buoyant conditions and we made more money than we ever had before. Recession had already promised a slow start to this year, but in January when worry about the Gulf actually gave way to the war itself, the trading climate which was already weak worsened still further. Consumer confidence fell away and U K consumers kept more of their cash in their pockets. In fact, they saved over two and a half billion pounds more in the first quarter of ninety one than they had in the same quarter of last year. One immediate casualty of the change in conditions was advertising. Recruitment advertising, for example, virtually ground to a halt as businesses started to shed people, rather than to look for them. So what happened to our trading profit? In this analysis, if you set aside the effect of our sale of Elsivir, the variance was forty nine million seventy percent of which relates to the U K. The drop in profits from our newspapers was the biggest and probably the most widely expected. A substantial proportion of their costs are fixed and they therefore are particularly sensitive to changes in volume. Fine china and investment banking inevitably suffered from the economic conditions. So did entertainment, which also brought two extra burdens. Firstly, the marked reduction in tourism and, for the first time, a three and a half million pound bill for Alton Towers' loss-making winter quarter which I think we've flagged quite consistently. After newspapers, books showed the largest decline and the fifteen million variance is shared roughly one fifth by Addison Wesley and two fifths apiece by Penguin and Longman. Two of the abiding characteristics of these businesses are first that like newspapers a high proportion of their costs are fixed and secondly, unlike newspapers, their main selling season is in the second half of the year. Outside AW's specialist book markets, book sales have been almost universally slow. There were very high returns as book sellers everywhere reacted to reduced demand by replacing or winding down their stock. This particularly affected Penguin, substantially increasing its expected first half loss. Penguin also incurred losses of two million on Smithmark, its American remainder book businesses, before selling it. Longman, the least seasonally biased of the three, struggled to break even in the first half and this removed the normal pattern of Longman's half-year profits helping to offset the first half losses of the other two businesses. But before we get too depressed, I point out that Addison Wesley's sales were up by eleven percent and the size of the first half loss reflects the company's decision to gear up in advance for what we believe will be a very strong second half performance. Overall, I think it's right to say that we're disappointed by the results.
If you say it's true, because right, the topic we were talking about yesterday in lecture involves the notion of selfhood and seems to be a very deeply complicated topic. So I imagine there are questions that you folks had. There were certainly questions that I had in listening to the lecture and reading the material. And as she herself said, there does seem to be something in our own thinking about this. It would be as follows. We are aware that there are lots of individuals around us, individual people like Socrates and Plato. And then there is the possibility that in addition to these individual people, at the level of intellect, there are forms of these individuals. Like there is also the level of forms for all sorts of things, the normal Platonic range of forms, plus possibly forms for Socrates and forms for Plato. And the introduction of these forms of individuals might have arisen, as the one passage that showed us might suggest, from the following. We are enjoined to transcend our bodily selves and we are enjoined to move to the level of intellect through contemplation. That is, by pursuing philosophy we will withdraw ourselves from our mere bodily selves and be elevated to the realm of intellect. And one thing that you might worry about is, okay, once I get up there, how do I get back down again? That worry might come in two different ways. How do I get down at all? Of course that might not be a worry, you might just remain in the realm for all eternity. But then you might worry, if I'm bound to come back down again, how can I guarantee that I come back down into the right body again? That is, how can I guarantee that I will remain being me after my ascent from the level of the forms? And the construction of forms for individuals might be an answer to that problem. That is, when Socrates retreats from his body to the level of intellect, he's represented by proxy in the divine light by the form of Socrates. And then he returns from the form of Socrates to being Socrates again and is not either lost up in the soul or somehow tragically transported downward from the level of intellect into the wrong body. Socrates does some contemplation, withdraws from his empirical self, becomes intellect and then afterwards drops into the wrong empirical self and turns into some hideous beast. Who knows? He might turn into the person you'd least like to find yourself becoming. Is he actually intimating here? We use the word forms here, but in a more active modern sense to say it could be. It seems that that would really more easily. Well, what's the contrast here? Remaining an identity. Right, what's the contrasting picture? Perhaps I should have started with the contrasting picture in which, at the level of intellect, there would be no individual forms, but only forms say for human beings and another form over here for a horse. And then when I found my true self, here I am, Socrates, and I'm trying to withdraw from what we called the empirical self. I'm trying to withdraw from the empirical self and return.
Councillor, I'm actually concerned that if we did anybody know about this issue earlier on because I think this has been going on for quite some time probably over the last two years. If anyone did know then why didn't they address it before? And if anyone didn't know, why not? Certainly I've been aware for a while now that there have been problems at Kingslane General in terms of break-ins, not just specifically with the launderette but also with the community room there. Certainly I've been engaged in making one or two suggestions about how security measures could be improved, including discussing with officers the possibility of fitting security shutters to the actual building itself. Some of that measure is not actually effective or not possible in the context of the facility. I think there's been a search for measures which will be effective and that's what the effort has gone into, finding an effective way of preventing it. More than that I really just can't say. I'm getting increasingly frustrated on the subject of other things, pelican crossings and that. I've been concerned to hear since I've been requested this question and it was briefly reported in the Cambridge Evening News last night that they've had almost continuous telephone calls today complaining, which shows the public as I thought of my own experience are very concerned about this and would like to first of all bring it to the council's attention and do regard as serious. I ask the chair if there is a proper investigation will be made into the way the council handles this subject. Ironically after I wrote the letter was typed on Monday to Mr. the only lights that have been fixed since are the ones at the end of my street and the next street, not as I complained about ones on the main road. There's an example that's been going on for many months where a problem, an acknowledged problem of access existed which was the reason for delay but that as I understand it has been overcome some time ago now and it's still there. This is a group of seven lights together, the lot. These lights are still out, they're not in my ward in fact, they're just. I understand there was a problem because of the computer breakdown which caused a certain record to be lost but then I discover that there is no copy of manual copy of orders sent to the contractors for repairs kept so that having lost the computer record the council do not know what lights have been reported to contractor for repair and then find out the basic clients. To the chair, reasons for my concern here and reason for my asking her whether she will now agree to a full investigation of this service to be conducted by councillors and for the council to be satisfied that the service can be put right. Just in the nick. Are you satisfied? All the members here will know that I have recently sent out a circular letter expressing my concern as to where the system doesn't seem to be working properly and asking for your help and cooperation in giving me information on just exactly where it is falling down. I thought it extremely discourteous of Councillor instead of responding to my letter he goes to the press and starts complaining. This doesn't seem to me the way to sort out the problem at all and I am equally concerned.
Aware of Graham, he might be more receptive. Who knows? As a starting point, we could write to Graham and invite him to visit either facility. The other thing that's been done, and has been ongoing now for some months without too much success, but things seem to be moving a little bit, at least we're told they are, is that I pressed for, not really a presentation but a technical meeting. I wanted to get their product engineers around a table so that we could get to know, well, I could get to know the way they do things, and to try and explain how we could fit into that, make them more aware of perhaps which bearings are the better, price ways which are the better bearings to go for, make them more aware basically about bearings and the popularity of certain sorts of bearings. As you're aware, we've been trying to organize this sort of open forum, engineering in the house in September, and we were informed last week that it may happen in February. It's been dropping out. You've been there when we've had discussions with Jonathan. Well I think, I think what you got to do, and it's between you two to continue to press that, and chivvy Bill and push and cajole, and it may mean that you need to visit Clevedon, or wherever it is that these guys hang out. Most of them are still at and there's a few applications at Clevedon but they don't seem to have much. Then, and just keep pressing, keep pushing away. I think it would also be appropriate at some point in the near future to visit the valve engineering in Dunstable. We've got the names of chief engineers. There's this guy there called Les. Now it was put to us when we were down there last time that attending this meeting when it happens would be one Nigel, who's, I don't quite, I can't remember what he's picked for, he's actually been promoted, he's pretty senior, he was basically in charge of the product engineering at, and he's now been promoted so that puts him even further up the ladder, and he's supposed to be obtaining initials with the if it ever takes place, and also Les who's the chief engineer effectively at Dunstable. Have you laid out an agenda for that meeting? I haven't yet, no. We didn't want to be too specific at the moment. I really want to get, I want you to, I didn't really want to make it too formalized because I think that sometimes gets in the way of real information. Yes, but the trouble is they don't know what they're going to get out of it, you've got to in order to get them to come, surely you've got to sell them the idea that they're going to get something useful out of it and make it worth our while. We've been doing this for sometime, it doesn't really seem to have taken too much effect. Now at the moment we've been channelling everything through Julian and Jonathan. I don't know what the reasons why there's always been a month on month cancellation, maybe it's difficult to get people together there, maybe they're not too enthusiastic. Well, no they're not. Could we get Tony, could you write to this?
Oh, well you took apologize. But do you know who's following on from because I'd take it upon myself? Seems reasonable, Ian. Aye. Well just for the tape purposes, I'm not actually from Northumberland. I'm from the north east if that's good enough. You're from Darlington or somewhere. That's Darlington, yeah, on the that's the deep south, thought innit? Durham, Durham stroke Yorkshire border. So I'm not Northumberland. We haven't, I don't think, got minutes of the previous. I don't think we were keeping minutes of these meetings. But now that we're getting or going to get presumably more involved in union matters, it might be advantageous if we could have a minute taker. Lisa's there. I'm just putting a t-shirt on. A volunteer for taking and compiling of the minutes and producing of them. Would it be handy to reproduce to give to anybody who either say NALGO or NUPE who was discussing them? Well I think it's going to be essential, isn't it? We're going to be meeting more regularly in the next few months and we want to know what we discussed at the previous meeting. Through you chairman, I think also it would, apart from it being a minute for us here in relation to what we're looking to apply, it also would be useful in relation to the Regional Liaison Group of the tripartite unison unions so as to actually circulate it to them. And that tends to be made up of officers, full time officers and the three kingpins, that's Gill and Phil as well, so it lets them know as a progress report. Yeah, that's right. What you're, what we're doing and hopefully seek their support on some areas that literally falls within the Regional Liaison Group's remit anyway. So does that mean you are volunteering, Lisa? Well I thought it was done like the army volunteer line, so let's get on with the business. So you've now become secretary of the Northumberland Liaison Group. Do I get paid? No. You don't get any to do it. Right. Okay. Well you're on that Regional Liaison Group in fact then. Yes I am, yeah. Lisa so you're the natural person. Yeah. Oh thank you Don, it's really good. Well I think what we'll, she'll have to do, what we'll have to do, I'll put this attendance, put an attendance sheet. I was just attendance sheet. Yeah I've got one, have you? Good. Good. From memory of the previous meeting, one of the items I recall I was left to do was contact our Education Officer, namely Keith, to see if a one day seminar or a one day school or whatever you'd like to call it could be held prior to the ballot. Well I've had a word with Keith and he will be available and very willing to do a one day seminar of that nature basically on why unison, how we should go about convincing the membership at large how we should conduct the free ballot campaign as it were. He will be quite willing and happy to do that on behalf of the three organizations here in County Hall one day in the first week in October, well any day barring Thursday of that week. So we're in your hands as to what date you would prefer to hold it and who we would want to invite. Probably a larger group than those assembled here. So I have undertook to do that, I've done it and it's up to you as to which date you choose.
So we can read that and just put the towel on the table. Right. If you'd like to tell me how many sixths you think there would be in a whole one. How many fourths would there be in a whole one? How many halves? Halves two. Right two so if you shared it out between two people you get a half, one, two, one over two. If you shared it out between three people how many so they all got the same how many would they get? Can you show me how much they'd get? Yes. If you shared it out between three. Should I put it together first and then three. So which piece if there were just three of us, you and me and the dog sharing out a pizza how big a piece would we get. A third. A third. So share it out between three you get a third. If you share it out between four people how much would we get each? A quarter. Good a quarter. Share it out between six people? A sixth. A sixth good. Share it out between ten people? A twelfth. How about share it out between twelve people. A twelfth. Have a guess share it out between ten people. A tenth. That's it. Share it out between twenty people. A twentieth. Good share it out between five hundred people. Or between a hundred people. A hundredth. A hundredth. Share it out between a thousand people. A thousandth. That's it. So you've got it haven't you you know that's all it means. All a third means is that's what you get if you share one between three so they all get the same. What does a sixth mean? That there are six people there are six of us could have a maybe between six people and they're gonna get the same that's all a sixth means. And which one of those is a sixth? That's it okay. What does a twelfth mean? That if there was twelve people they'd all get the same piece each. That's it that's all there is to fractions. And which one's a twelfth. That one. Well I think you're doing very well on the fractions. Okay we'll leave that for a minute and we'll have a look so you can forget all about it right then I'll ask you later when you've forgotten okay. Let's have a look at what you did with the numbers then. I've done the ten one. Okay. Now do you know any of these? You know five add five don't you. Yeah. I'll turn that over right and I'll say a number and you tell me what number you'd have to add to it to make it up to ten. Seven. Four. Oh seven and two seven and three. Seven add three good. Nine add? Oh nine one. Good. One add? Nothing. One one add what would oh zero. One add what would make ten oh one add nine. That's it one add nine. We'd write a one and a zero but we'd have to add another if we only had one penny we'd have to add another nine to get ten P. You're doing well on these. Eight add? Eight add two. Good let's think of a hard one six add? Six add four. Good. Four add? Four add eight. Six add four. Six add four makes ten. So four add six. Good. Four add six makes ten. You did eight didn't you what was that? Eight add? Eight add three eight add two. Good eight add two. So two add what would make ten? Two add eight. Good. So have a look at the ones you've done here right. Five add five five. Nine add one let's see You know five add five don't you. Yeah. Nine add one you know that one that's not hard. So if someone says one add? Nine. you could work that one out. So you only have to learn half of these you don't have to learn all of them cos you can always switch them.
One piece. Okay, let's see your essays. Spend twenty or thirty minutes talking about the essays and the remainder of the tutorial talking about the exams, because this is the last time I see you before your exams in the tutorial anyway. So just a few hints and tips on exam technique. Right. Right, by the way, are you aware of Professor Tony, who is visiting Nottingham at the moment? Tony is Professor of Economics at Cambridge and is a world-renowned luminary in economic circles. He's here for the next week as a special professor and is giving a number of lectures, most of which are open to all students. He is a very famous economist, a very clever chap. If you can get to see him, I'd recommend it. There may be a programme of his visit stuck up on the student notice boards. If there isn't, he's giving a lecture tomorrow at two o'clock in B seventy-four. He is going to be talking to the M A students taking Economic Development and Policy Analysis, and his topic there is comparing income inequality and poverty in Europe. So if you are free tomorrow at two, it just might be interesting to go along. Feel free to go to B seventy-four tomorrow at two o'clock. There's another Econ Soc, the Economic Society, putting on a lecture at five o'clock on Wednesday in A forty-two, and the topic there is What's Happening to the Distribution of Income in Britain. He is also talking to the Public Sector Economics students and taking a couple of lectures there, one on Targeting Social Security and another lecture on the Official Poverty Line. You can get the details from me afterwards, but something like that could well be on the notice board if you want to go along and see him. He is a famous chap. If you've got time, it might be worth spending an hour listening to him. See what he has to say. Can we see his? Yeah, sure. Thanks. He's a Professor of Economics at Cambridge. It's very big because he's in the office next door. Right, amazing. Anything else? Did you get my instruction adjustment? Yes, that's just an article that we went through last tutorial on adjustment in developing countries. Has everybody got one at this stage? That will just save you copying that yourselves from the library. Right, let's just briefly run through this essay on migration that some of you answered. Can't remember, would somebody tell me the title of it again? It was, what are the major factors influencing migration decisions in less developed countries and how might this affect urban unemployment? Okay, so where shall we start? Is migration, just generally, is migration a good or a bad thing? I mean, why do people migrate? Getting married. Okay, they're migrating from an area of low incomes to an area of high incomes, right? Broken the route migration scenario. Is that a good or a bad thing? Right, okay, depends whether they can get the jobs. What was our experience say when the UK, France, Spain was developing? There was a lot of rural urban migration then. Was that a good thing or a bad thing? Does it help or hinder development of those countries? Sorry? Helped. Yeah, helped. Why was that? Well, you answered it in the first answer that they got jobs, they were employed.
One from Elizabeth and one from Ron. One from Ron and one from Elizabeth. I've got a letter from Ron in addition to his apologies. Right, and you'll be reading that other report, will you? Yeah. Right. Minutes of the last meeting, can we take them as read? Yes. Thank you. Matters arising from that meeting which took place on the thirty first of July. Many of the matters arising will come up in my report of correspondence. You might like to, when you come around to it Lilly, say that was on TV, that TV and benefits our campaign. When's that? We have a few days to go to that, looking into it now. Oh, soon. Are they? Oh. Yeah, we are doing some good. You know, it's all coming home to roost. On page one, Harlow radio, I have written to them with the nomination of Pauline and she has already been communicated with. Have you had any reports on the bus company regarding the hand rails? None whatsoever. Safety rails, none whatsoever. That's typical, a really smoothy, eh? I take it you've all read your minutes? Yes. Are there any further matters arising before we pass onto the next item on the agenda? Right, could we have correspondence please, secretary. Do you want me to stand or can you hear alright? No, no, I think they can hear alright. It's necessary for you to stand. The first one is a letter from Ron. He's in Milton Keynes with his family at the moment, on holiday, and he will be missing this meeting tomorrow and unfortunately the September Executive. He's reported on the market stall which I'll come to a bit later. I ask you for details about that and for the enclosed with it a statement issued by the association nationally on pensioners and the Poll Tax. This is a condemnation of the jailing and threat of jailing of pensioners for failing to pay the Poll Tax. The Government has admitted that forcing the poorest of pensioners who are on Income Support to pay twenty per cent of the proposed Council Tax would be wrong. It cannot therefore now justify that it was right to cause those same pensioners to pay twenty per cent of the Poll Tax. The association calls for the ending of criminalisation of pensioners, whose only fault is their poverty. It is confident that the British people will support this cause and that their protest will speedily bring to an end a situation which is the shame of our Country. That's signed by the President of the British Pensioners and Fred the Secretary. That's issued by the General Purposes Committee. The second, does anyone want to say anything about that? It's just that they probably sent it to the appropriate people. There's another item of news, which Ron only got on the sixteenth of August and it's about the pre-congress pensioner's march and rally. Now the congress is held in Glasgow, so I think we weren't going to that one anyway, but it just gives details of the arrangements for the pensioner's march which we usually attend if it's in the South anywhere, but that's just for information. The second item of correspondence is from Bromley's Social Services. If you remember, we've got this ongoing campaign on home helps and alongside that we've got this home shopping campaign that Bromley do, apparently quite successfully. The MP has mentioned it.
Yes. Oh, have you got a pen? Oh, I see. Yeah, carry on. Whoever listens to this first off anyway. Right, we've done it. So what we've done is print our names in capital letters there. So you want my name printed there? Yes, please. Right. Thirty-five. Of course, yeah. That's how old I am next week. It's only an approximate estimate. Well, I'm only trying to find just a few more recordings for her because they're coming towards the end of the contract. And you're welcome to keep that if you like. If that's of any interest to you. Yeah. Erm, yeah, that'd be quite interesting to have a read through, thank you. It's a fascinating project. Now over to you. And it was a vertical blind we were... That's right, it's this window. Yes, it was for this window. Right. Have you any particular colour in mind? Well, I would... We've never ever looked at vertical blinds before. Have we? White. I think white actually is the best colour because, yeah, anything else I think is going to be... Well, this is the book. And all the different fabrics are colour coordinated so as you can see, all the white ones are at the front and they're all classed as white, but you can see some are... But some are more cream, aren't they, yeah. I think I want a really as white a white as possible because everything in the background is white. Do you want to come up to the window where you can see? If I move this out of the way because you'll need to get at... Sorry. The dogs. Poor dog can see the rabbit now. So in addition to these fabrics here, right at the back of the book, there's a couple more sections where we've got these are some of the later fabrics which were added on. As you can see, those are white, probably look a bit more fancy than the standard ones. Yeah. Okay. Can I leave you to have a browse at that while I measure the door? Yeah, fine. What we're really essentially interested in, I think, is keeping the sun, which tends to be very strong from there when it's a nice sunny day, out. So what we're looking for is one that will go to that angle. Right. And so we go through one hundred and eighty degrees. Oh, they go complete through. So from being at this angle where you're looking directly through it, they go all the way to the closed position that way and the other way as well. Oh, they do both? Oh, that's wonderful. Yes. That's brilliant, yes. As I say, we know nothing about them at all, we've never ever owned one. However, I think you're on the right track picking white out because it is going to reflect the light, yes. I've got, I'll show the type of thing I've got. Yes. It's not actually in here, but I've got perhaps that kind of colour with more that sort of fabric. A thicker... yes, but similar to that but a little bit darker. And in the middle of summer, the blind itself does get quite warm, and the heat from that then... We've got an old roller blind outside which we use at an angle out on to the garden in the summer which stops the heat because it just takes the sun off the window. On the outside, but it doesn't stop the light. It doesn't actually stop the light, no, of course. Well, on the continent, they just put blinds up on the outside.
Peter, you're teaching a very interesting course to first year students called 'Energy and Applied Physics'. Is this taken just by physics students, or other students in the university? It's taken essentially by all the engineering students in their first year, which are over a hundred students, and approximately fifteen physics students plus some overseas visiting American students. What's the idea behind the course? Is it just an introduction to university physics? It's a first year course which is attempting to teach the necessary basic physics that engineers require. I mean it's really trying to make up for the differences in the coverage that students coming into the university have had. They've had different syllabuses at school and masters have in fact omitted large chunks of the syllabus to get better results in the parts that they concentrate on, so you cannot assume that everybody has adequate abilities. So we're trying to bring everyone up to a certain level in certain selected topics - aspects of mechanics, heat, wave motion. Now this can be rather boring, as for some students it will actually be going over material that they have met. Of course one is teaching new material as well, but it's the repetition of certain subjects which can be boring, so we're trying to combine this with material which sees it in application, and in fact for engineers their whole orientation is towards applying ideas and not just to learning how and why nature works - that's the question that science asks, but engineering aims to apply and harness natural phenomena. What are the sort of basic principles you teach on this course? Could you give me an example? Well, one talks about mechanics - Newton's Law, I mean is where it starts from, and the nature of work - forces moving, doing work, and the use of energy when forces operate. At the same time, one introduces the idea of thermal energy, heat, and in many situations the requirement is in fact is to start from energy in one form, such as heat from burning oil, to satisfy a requirement for energy in another form, in other words mechanical energy - the turning of a shaft - so somewhere there has to be a device which converts the heat energy into mechanical energy. That would usually be called an engine, and in a car the engine just burns petrol and produces the mechanical energy in the shaft which turns the wheels, so the course is learning about the nature of mechanical forces and energy, thermal forces and energy and of the conversion of one form of energy to another, and in the process you learn that there are fundamental scientific laws - in particular the second law of thermodynamics - which says that you can't necessarily go from energy in one form with a hundred percent efficiency to getting it out in another form, so this limitation on your ability to convert from one form into another without waste in fact comes into many, many processes and every day processes. So the students in fact do calculations concerned with real life situations, involving cars and engines and so on? That's right. I mean we look at the motor car and see that as a energy conversion system it's approximately eighteen percent efficient. Most of the energy is thrown out of the exhaust pipe and in heat loss from the radiator, and in small losses in friction inside the engine and gearbox, but most of it is lost in this conversion from heat from burning petrol to mechanical energy.
You've left what where? Water in the sink. I'm telling Angela. They're a blight that's all there is. I've done all the other dishes and everything. Well who were you talking to anyway about the rain? The staff at... Oh. What were you saying to them about? We were laughing about it. Because I was telling them that we were sick of seeing the rain and that. Yes. You know because the rain won't stop all day. And I said to them I said I watched a film last night called Savage Sea. And I said all the way through the film practically they were praying for rain. Mm. Right? And there's us saying that we were sick of the rain. So I says someone turned round and said, "Oh you should come here you can have some of ours." And they were laughing. They were laughing at it. Oh. Because I turned round and said that. Oh I've never seen that before. Oh. What? Do you want me to have this set now for in the morning? No. Be able to set your clock. Because you know how to set that don't you? Mhm. Nineteen pounds ninety five. Although I don't know. Twenty one ninety five and they were twenty two pounds. What's that doing? What's that doing? What's what doing? That. It's recording. Recording what? You. Why? Eh? Why is it recording me? Well why not? Ask your mother. Why? Well my sister is recording this. Where are you getting that from? Ask your mother. Where is she? Go and tell her. Where are you? Where are you? Your daughter wants you. She's in the bathroom. What's this? She wants to know what that is. It's a test from now till next Friday. All the conversations we have. Why? And you know when you have ordinary conversation when we're talking or anything... Why? On a conversation. It's for Oxford University to use. If it's anything that's really personal and you don't want it taping you can erase it and you get a twenty five pound voucher next Friday. You do it for Marks and Spencers for doing it. Oh? So is that yours? No it belongs to the people. Oxford University uses the English language. It's what the English language is using now in nineteen ninety. In the libraries and everything. Oh. So has that just been recording all that I've just said? Yeah. But it doesn't matter does it? I mean you'd have a conversation anyway. We talk in the house don't we? Or we had... Are you bothered? Am I bothered? Yes. She's not saying... It depends what I'm talking about. Well you've just talked about... talking about... the rain. There's nothing wrong with that. Well nothing but do you know what I mean it's sort of. It's like at work Mark put two speakers one for listening and one for hearing. Yeah. Right? You know in case one of the residents needs help or anything. Yeah. During the night. So he put one in the living room and he put one in the kitchen. Yeah. Now the girls didn't know it was there and it's a good job that they weren't talking about him or talking about anybody. Why? Otherwise we'd have heard what they were saying. Oh would they? Now me I think that's sneaky. Do you know what I mean? Well that isn't because... Because if there's anything personal you can erase it. But the more tapes I do and when I've... she's coming for it eleven o'clock next Friday. Oh when I do it for the week I'm gonna get a twenty five pound voucher for Marks and Spencers. Well can we rewind that back and listen to it? Yeah if you want yes. Through headphones but you can't the tape's not full yet. But it doesn't matter. I think you'd better switch it off anyway hadn't you? Because nobody's gonna be having a conversation.
Ah, there we are. Right abdominal wound, she's a wee bit confused. She didn't bother to tell me that she'd only got to call you, right? She wasn't in her nightdress but she only dressed herself, she said. She said she went to buy something herself, she phoned the clinic and the clinic. She's here and says she should be fortnightly. So I don't know whether you want to go and see her rather than, I could get a doctor to go and see her and phone. It's just that I'm never gonna get to up to. Yeah, okay. Yeah, first twelve weeks pregnant so should I mark at the bottom when she types. This one.
The answer is to try and work towards the two communities agreeing on something. John created it. There are some people in Britain who feel that if we were to mount a really effective counter-terrorist operation, just say it was some revolutionary group. People have said that the British secret intelligence have been waging a sort of undercover war for a long time, and I'm sure some of it's true. MI5 operates in Northern Ireland and has got this whole series. You may have seen the television programme recently about these people who work undercover for the intelligence and work themselves into the IRA and become members, then they feed the information back. It's been very successful, but it is risky. When they are discovered, they have to be given new identities, plastic surgery, and the works. Could UN troops be sent in? It would be very difficult because the British would be admitting that. What would they do if their own troops were sent in? They'd basically do what the British troops would do, but they wouldn't lose much hate against them. There'd still be this feeling that why are they here, what is the purpose? The problem is we've yet to discover what the purpose is of all this. For the Republicans, the purpose is a united Ireland. For the loyalists, the purpose is to remain part of the UK. Those two positions are so far apart that it's impossible to see a bridge between them, and that's the difficulty. That is the big point. What are the teachings like in schools? Sort of history and things. Do the Catholics teach it's the protestants' fault and stuff like that? A lot of bias, because that's the way it is over there. There's an awful lot of prejudice. They bring up their kids to hate, and it's got worse in the last twenty or thirty years. It's breeding another generation of terrorists. All the history is about years ago. So it's actually all about what the English did. These stories are passed on about what the British troops did a hundred and fifty years ago. It's passed on from one generation to the next. You will hear people talking about it as if it was yesterday. This hatred builds up and is then passed on to the next generation. I thought that was useful because it's been in the news a lot this year. If I was setting an exam paper for summer, it would be something I would think about putting in. What are we doing now? We're still looking at congress. That essay is due in today, isn't it? The Economist essay. You've had it for about three or four weeks. You being serious? I am indeed. Using and instead of or. Remember that one? Thank you. One question finished.
I was about six or seven when I first came here. That would be around 1921. It was just a little village then. We had two schools: the School and what we called the Boys School on the green. The girls' school was near this school. You started there as an infant between five and seven. The girls stayed on until they were fourteen, but when the boys became seven they went to the school on the green. The village green in those days was all ashes, not beautiful green grass like today. We used to play cricket, football, marbles, pitch card, ring tor, duckie stone, and all that. The village was divided into two parts. If you lived over the hill you were a downtowner, and if you lived this end of the village you were an uptowner. We used to arrange football teams and cricket teams before school, during playtime, and often after school. But if you went over the hill after school, you were in for a rough time from the other end. You would be challenged and all sorts. There were no houses down past the village hall in those days. I think that row was about the last one. You had all the fields and gardens. There was nothing until you got to the Grange, absolutely nothing. The road might have been widened, but the houses are the same. A lot of the old factories have been pulled down. The mill was pulled down. It was a very prosperous factory at one time when I was a boy, but it went due to lack of trade. The village centre is about the same as it was when I was a boy, but busier of course. All the private houses that were on the front street have been altered into shops. It spoiled it. There used to be old shops: the shoe shop, Mr. 's watch shop, and Mrs. 's pastry shop. Mr. , the local barber whose son lives next door, used to start at nine in the morning and finish at nine at night, still cutting hair and shaving people for a penny or tuppence a time. Old Mr. , the only centenarian I can remember, died when he was a hundred and two. He was going to have his hair cut and a shave at Mr. 's barber shop right up until practically the morning he died. He did his own gardening right up until he was a hundred. He was fit as a fiddle. My family first lived in a house on Road, just by where your friend lives. It was three shillings a week, I think. It was two up and two down: one biggish living room and a little back kitchen with no water and no sanitation. If you wanted to dispose of your water, you had to take it out to the roadside and chuck it down the main drain. You used to have to fetch your water.
The participants for H Two will have already discovered we are still tackling part of H One from yesterday. I apologize that you will have to sit through the outstanding items of discussion. On the other hand, you will have gathered already that we are going to talk about Greater York, so I think there may be some distinct benefit and merit in you being here to listen to that particular part of the topic. I hope in fact that we can deal with the remainder of H One, because it does lead quite logically into the next issue which we want to talk about, which is the new settlement in the Greater York area. I hope that we can get through this item by our morning break, but whenever we do conclude on H One we will have to have a slightly longer break just to enable the seating arrangements to be sorted out properly for all participants who are involved in the discussion on the new settlement. Now can I also suggest to you that in discussing this one outstanding item of the housing land allocations, we pursue virtually the same sort of approach that we did yesterday. If you look at what is set down under matter One D for discussion, it says is the provision proposed for the Greater York area including the new settlement appropriate, etcetera. In fact when you look at the first item for discussion under the Greater York new settlement issue, we come straight into, does Greater York new settlement represent an appropriate and justified policy response, etcetera. So what I'm going to ask effectively is that when we are talking about the Greater York element of the housing land allocation we concentrate on the question of is the level of provision enough? We know there are various responses to that question, and I would be looking to the districts to say whether or not they could cope with the various levels of provision that have been identified for Greater York. It's the view of whether they can cope within their own districts. I haven't said how you can cope, I said whether you can cope. You might, I will leave you free to make the odd comment, but I want to focus on that part of the issue. Then the natural corollary to that is, will it be necessary, or is it considered necessary in the context of this alteration to provide specific guidance within H One policy for the distribution of that development at what I would call sub-district level? In other words, do you want a specific entry for say Ryedale or Hambledon? Has anyone got any questions on that approach? Is it clear how I'd like to play it? So with no more ado I will ask Mr. Davis for North Yorkshire to present his opening statement, and then I'd like Mr. Curtis, your moment has come Mr. Curtis, to follow on from Mr. Davis. Thank you. Peter Davis, North Yorkshire County Council, I'd just like to make five brief points in response to the issues that have been raised on One D. The first of those points is the principle of a Greater York dimension to the structure plan. We'll all probably be aware that in the original structure plan the Secretary of State wasn't prepared to accept a Greater York dimension in the structure plan, but did accept with the support of the district councils on the first alteration, the inclusion of a Greater York dimension. Having that Greater York dimension has certainly allowed progress to be achieved dramatically in Greater York. It's led to progress.
Right Mr Gordon, I think the room is now as full as it can get so we'll kick off today's proceedings. Could you start by introducing your team for the record? Yes of course it will be a pleasure. I'm Jack Gordon, I'm Director General of aircraft one with the Ministry of Defence. I'm the Project Manager for the United Kingdom for the Eurofighter two thousand project at the international level. I also chair the N E F M O board of directors. On my left is Mr William Perry who's the Director of Finance and Secretariat, air one in the procurement executive. On my right is Mr Nick Evans who's the Head of Resources and Programmes Air. On my extreme right is Group Captain Granville White who's Deputy Director, Operational Requirements air four. Right thank you very much Mr Gordon. Can I just say at the outset that some of the material we'll be covering this morning may well be classified. Yes. When you feel that you can't answer our questions in open session, if you could indicate that then we will go into closed session at the end of the morning and cover that ground in that way. Understood. Looking first of all then at the operational performance of the aircraft, you have told us already in written answers that in the light of the changed security situation you have relaxed the Eurofighter requirement. Can you tell us an indication of how much the changes reduce operational capability in percentage terms? Well perhaps before I answer that question Mr Chairman, I could just briefly skim across the programme and bring you up to date as to where we are and then we'll go directly on to that point. Very briefly would. Yes, very brief. Well the committee will recall that shortly after it published its report in Spring ninety two, the new German Minister of Defence questioned whether the project was still required at that degree of sophistication. For our part we had no doubt about the continuing need for an aircraft of Eurofighter two thousand's broad capabilities. This view was subsequently confirmed by a thorough review of the operation requirement which was carried out under the direction of the four chiefs of defence staff. The review of the requirement and the options for meeting it culminated in an agreement between the four ministers of defence in December ninety two to re-orientate the project. We provided a note to the committee in January ninety three about this. Well, re-orientation of the project has involved a line by line review of the European staff requirement, the E S R D to see whether it might be relaxed in the light of the changed international security situation. It also involves rescheduling the whole programme so that decisions on commitments to production can be deferred until nineteen ninety five, with first deliveries to United Kingdom and Italy occurring in the year two thousand and to Spain and Germany in two thousand and two. Work by the staffs in the four ministries of defence and by the NATO agency N A F M A to re-orientate the project in line with the minister's directions is now at an advance stage. The revised European staff requirement document has been signed now by the four chiefs of air staff, this was done last month. A revised schedule for the development programme has now been agreed with industry and this will be taken into the contract. The four governments are also resolved to cap their financial liabilities for this programme. So negotiations are in progress on revised price.
Press it hard right, that's going. Press the black one behind there to switch it off. So we're on now, are we? Come on, beauty. Have you made any tea? No. Oh dear, oh dear, oh dear. Oh, hello little doggy. Try cooking this ham. Do you think they might like it then? Sorry? The ham. The dogs. Try cooking it. Oh. Well, wouldn't be able to tempt them into it. I mean really, they should, they don't mind. Well, that's the availability of the things, isn't it? I think you might have to take him down the road afterwards when it clears up. Oh, you're not going to take them with you? Well, see how it goes. It's going off a bit now, isn't it? Oh no. You do realize this ham is already cooked, don't you? No. No. Thought it might, they won't eat it like that, that's it. Have they not eaten anything at all? I haven't given them anything yet. Oh. Pliers and the screwdriver out, take them with you. No, for that job I was doing last night. The castors. Castors into the garage. Yes. Have you got to be there early this morning? No. Oh. But I want to get there for nine. I said to John yesterday, I said I've done the chair. I said I want to get on with these, those dining chairs next in the sale. When's the sale? Summer time, isn't it? About June? Some time in May. Well, where are you going to get the fabric for those? Trip to... Yes, Margaret, what do you think? Brilliant ideas. And they were asking me what I was going to use yesterday, and I said oh I don't know, I said, I haven't got a clue. Something about tapestry. I said oh you're... No. Spending a lot of money and... Don't forget. I said it's not for us anyway, so it's going to take a lot of fabric, both sides and the back. Full length of the back of the chairs across the seat. Exactly. Probably be yards of material that, and you've got six chairs so you'd have to buy it off the roll, you're not going to get a piece a length at six yards, are you? You know. Where's your cup? That's mine there, I've got mine out. Oh. In the bathroom. Sun's trying to come out. Well, I'll be able to take them down in a minute. We'll have to take this thing to Ken's. Ah, look, batteries. I'm sure it's in Pauline's garden because I've seen it a few times. Watching that. Yes. Don't you dare. They look like pink flowers on there, don't they? Must be the leaves, I think, because I don't think this shrub here flowers. It's the leaves. That dogwood I moved, I'm hoping it's going to be alright because it doesn't show much sign of life at the moment. Oh, I put it down the other end. Oh. I wonder, did Ann stop smoking yesterday? Likes her fags, doesn't she? Well, think, didn't she give up last year? She said something about it last year on radio, on no smoking day. Alright, muff? Must be torture for some people. Terrible. Wonder how many cigars Ken's consuming every day now? Well, I think it's only about four. It's a lot though, isn't it? Should be about four a week, four a day. Oh god, there's snow. Well, we haven't seen any this year, have we really? Too late now. Yeah, too late to be serious. I was wrapped up to the eyes when I went down to put my walking boots on as well because they're comfortable, and there were people going round in their shellsuits, and you know, I must be feeling the cold more now. I don't think I'd have been warm enough in a shellsuit. Now, what about eating up your meat? Come on. Ooh, that's better. Do you want to go for walkies? Do you want to go for walkies? You do? Walkies.
And what happened to him after that? He was unemployed for quite some time and he got odd casual jobs. Then finally, as late as the Second World War, he got employment on the railway. Did he have any political or trade union affiliations? He had some trade union experience. He did attend his union branches quite regularly, but he didn't have any official position within the union branch. Was he politically active or anything? Not really, no. That political activity was left to my mother. She was politically active for the Labour Party. Could you tell me a bit about that? What kind of things was she involved in then? She was very prominent in the Labour Party War Organization. In those days they had fairly strong War Organizations locally, and she was fairly active in there. Do you remember any experiences of your mother at election time or anything like that? Yes. The main means of propaganda in those days was leaflets and street meetings. I well remember, even as early as 1919, the election which took place immediately after World War One. I remember being sort of dragged round the streets by my mother, attending these street meetings. I think it was enjoyable. I very well remember it because I had a new coat for this particular venture, and the two things are fairly deep in my memory. How did your family cope with your mother being politically active? How did you manage? Fairly well. My older brothers took an active part immediately in the early twenties, so it didn't seem to be any hardship for the mother to be involved in political activity. Did your father play a role? No, he did become an individual member of the Labour Party at that stage, but he didn't take an active or organized part in it. Could you tell us a little bit about your brothers and sisters? How many did you have? I had my older brother. He won some sort of a scholarship and became a part-time attendant at the university. It didn't do him a lot of good in the early days, but it did stand him in good stead later because he became a full-time official of the Notts area NUM. He was indeed one of them, but he was victimized after 1926. He spent all his working life up until 1926 at the local Hucknall Colliery, but after 1926 he was victimized, dismissed, and was unable to get employment in the industry until the latter thirties. After which he became a branch official and subsequently became a full-time area official. Another brother in 1926 took another course of action. He cleared off and went to live in Australia. Another brother subsequently became a Labour county councillor, but that was after the Second World War, after he had done war service.
It is carried. Those in favour? Aye. Those against? No. The ayes have it. Item six to report social services committee. Then you turn your attention away in a minute and the rotten devils do. Chairman, I move that the report of the social services committee regarding the future of the county council's old persons homes be noted. I hope Chairman that David will listen to the arguments on this because like other members of his group he throws out closure of elderly persons homes. You know we've got to do it, we've got to do something about which he knows absolutely nothing and about which he's completely wrong. I've always believed that consistency is an overrated virtue so I'm not going to criticise the Conservatives for changing their minds but you have to ask yourself why is this recorded on the agenda today when the sub-committee, planning sub-committee has already met and discussed these matters and things have moved on a little further. Well we really have to look at how the resolution in this paragraph came about in the first place. At the beginning of the social services committee meeting Mr moved a resolution which he previously moved at the social services planning sub-committee which listed most of the things which are presently in the resolution but it started the social services accept the implication of the director of social services report on the future of the department's elderly person's homes. After some minutes of debate the Democrats asked if the Tories would remove that phrase from the resolution and then the Democrats, the Liberal Democrats would vote for it. The Tories of course looking gift horses in the mouth as usual, said no and that resolution was lost. We then voted on a lengthy Liberal resolution. It was amended by Labour. We voted on all of the separate points in the resolution, all were agreed and then Professor decided that he wanted to move a further amendment which after some consultation, some discussion with the legal people about its validity, he did which wiped out all of the things that we'd just agreed and we turned to the original Conservative motion minus the beginning phrase and with a couple of things stuck on at the end and we thought well that's it the Conservatives will vote for that, but no although it was their own motion in all but name, the Conservatives wouldn't vote for that unless Mr was allowed to move it. So he did. So he did and it was voted on and it was agreed. We spent Chairman, two and a half hours discussing this matter at that point and we had come full circle back to point one. To get back to that beginning phrase the social services committee accepts the implications of the director of social services report on the future of the departments elderly persons homes. That report predicted a rise from five hundred to nine hundred in the vacancies in homes by nineteen ninety six. Since then at the planning sub-committee Mr has produced a whole load of new made-up figures which pretend that the situation is far worse than that. Figures designed to get headlines not make headway. The figures actually which I got from the director yesterday are that the department is counting four hundred and ten vacancies. Of those four hundred and ten, two hundred and thirty four are out of commission, they're in homes being refurbished. Seventy two are in blocked places, that is double rooms being lived in by a widow or widower where they'd previously shared it.
Okay so last week we looked at the participatory model of democracy which in essence differs from Rousseau's Theory in three ways. First of all, it allows much more room for debate, discussion, dissension, even disobedience in Rousseau's Theory. This is a consequence of giving up the assumption that there's at least an easily recognizable general will. So either you say there's no general will or there is something like a general will, but it is not easily recognizable. For either reason you would want to be much more tolerant of the role of minorities, either as a way of getting to the truth, or as a way of making up the truth as you're going along. So that's the first difference between the participatory model and Rousseau's model. There's much more room for debate and consequent toleration of minorities. Secondly, it gives up the distinction between the sovereign and the executive in the sense that the people are not restricted only to making laws, but they can also get involved in decisions about particular acts of will. For example, on Rousseau's model we saw the people are not consulted on the issue of whether the State should go to war or not, because that's a particular act and must be left to the executive. In a participatory democracy the people would certainly decide that. The third difference was that the participatory model, and it is perhaps the most distinctive about it, extends democracy to other institutions of civil society, including the family, the workplace, local governments and so on. Now I discussed three objections to the participatory model last week. The first one is John Stuart Mill's objection which is that we can't leave everything to the people. At some point individuals must administer. You can't have a committee carrying out the committee. You must need some individual appointed by that committee and the same is true for governments. So it is not possible, not practically possible to leave everything to the people. We'll come back to that objection. The second objection was the problem of agenda setting in a participatory democracy. How is it that the people come to be discussing certain issues rather than other issues? How do those issues get decided? I thought there's no sensible answer. Thirdly there's the old objection of participatory democracy that it simply takes up too much time. This is not a trivial objection, because the thought is not that it's simply time-consuming, but because it's so time-consuming, it's destructive of other things we value. We value artistic creation, enjoyment, conversation and so on. There would simply be no time left for these things in political decision making. Okay, so much for last week. This week I want to start by reconsidering that first objection that we can't leave everything to the people. At some point we need administrators to carry out the will of the people. Now the defenders of participatory democracy would consider this a very weak objection. What they would say is that perhaps we do have to leave things to the individual, but we should leave as little as possible to individuals, as little as practically possible. The people should be involved in making all the important decisions, particularly the carrying out of them that we have to leave to particular appointed individuals. So we can cast this in a different context. We've got really two things in play here, one is the role of individuals who administer and the other is the role
Listen in to everything which is said. If I can get you to scrawl your signature and today's date which is the twenty fifth on there. Right, is your signature readable? Could you print your name? It's just that she needs your name, the fact that you're male, and an approximate age within five years, that information. Basically, oh right, twenty five plus. I don't know why people are a bit touchy about their ages to be perfectly honest. You know, what is your job basically? You're a well I suppose I'm a blind salesman. Salesman, blind salesman, that sounds good doesn't it, and fitter. I fit it as well, and fitter. Right, so I have to make sure it's measured right. You can't blame anybody else for anything can you. Okay that's lovely thanks very much. Right, right, it's not gonna fall down on your plants if you get the middle about the middle of it. Dead in the middle, yeah, or alive in the middle as they say. You want that supported. Right, that is right thank you. With the lights fading, it's gonna be five o'clock in half an hour's time, feed the dogs just before five and then see you. I was a bit quicker in Newark than I thought. It's a good place to be quicker in, delicate measurements. Yeah well we don't want it brushing on your. The trouble is I'm quite sure that the plasterers never did that. They just slop it up don't they. Yeah, there is a bit of difference actually. Yeah, yes there is quite a bit of difference. Well we realized that when we had the windows changed. Yes, I haven't quite finished wallpapering, I don't think that's gonna make a lot of difference is it to the. Right, I've got a range of prices. Essentially we need to know what you can do and what you can't do and right. What's available? We've never ever bought a blind. Right, now what kind of colour were you looking for? White, white, it must be white. I don't think anything else is going to. That's our reduced one, that would be sixty nine pounds. What are they made of? Well they're usually, or doesn't that matter? Well they're all polyester or some are fibreglass. These are the washable ones. These are the most expensive. These have just come in in the last year. But I mean I'd only advise those if you have like children with grubby hands or smokers, or whatever yeah, where it's gonna get really dirty. And we don't have children with grubby hands. No it's just you. Well you see with those you can stick them in the washing machine and your dryer and you can iron them. Right, these are your whites. I'll tell you how we price them. The higher up it goes, the more expensive it is with anything. That's a C you see, that would one, that's an A, that would be ninety eight and so on. Aha right, yeah, have a look. I quite like that sort of texture actually, that's you know that's quite oh yes yes that's quite nice that is, which is a D. See it's quite nice but we've got just a bit of sun. I can't see the difference between that one and the one that was. Oh yes there is, this is slightly closer weave. It just depends how difficult they are to weave and that usually makes them you know, more expensive, and if it's a difficult pattern. Well we wanted something that you know, wasn't just completely plain white, that had got either a bit of texture or a bit of pattern in it when the light's shining through it.
It wouldn't be any bother to me if you wanted me to. Well, we'll do that. I see what she says any rate on Monday. But I don't think we should give her too long, because she's got herself into it. Keep putting up, we've had her for about two years, haven't we? Yes, she did say last time one of her friends would like the job. Oh god. Oh no, no. She's told them how easy it is. She's told them what to do, birds of a feather. Yeah. Rose, would you consider a man? I've got an idea there might still be a possibility of Mr... Well, I don't see why not, if he did. Some men are very good. Some men are very good, we've got a good one at the church hall pub next door, I mean. Toilets and things there. That's right. Yes, I mean that would be very good. I think. I'll have words with Sharon on Monday and, oh I can't, yes I can on Monday. I'm having my hair cut later, but I can come up about nine o'clock and see if she's here. I bet she won't be. No, I bet. She'll be in the penny farthing then. Well, I will then have to ring her, won't I? So will you all get round to your limericks, please, ladies. Thank you all very much. Thank you. Elsie, oh.
Get into Microfit. When you're in the data input menu, I'd like you to call up the file Q M four FIT. If you just look at the sheet that we've handed out, they loaded from the computer. It's that data that's in front of you. We've got three series. It's time data from 1923 to 1945. The three variables are textile consumption, United States real per capita income adjusted for inflation so constant money terms, and the relative price of textiles P, the price of textiles relative to the general price level. Okay, what we're going to be doing is estimating a demand function. We can specify textile consumption as a function of real income per capita and also relative prices. A priori, what sign would we expect on those two variables? Say the income. What sign would you expect to observe? Yeah, positive, providing textiles are a normal good. You should observe a positive income consumption response. How about prices? What sign do we expect on the price variable there? Yeah, negative. If the price of textiles rises faster than the general price level, the real increase in textile prices, therefore we'd expect, providing the first law of demand holds, that we get a negative response in consumption. So that's what we expect a priori: a positive coefficient on income, a negative coefficient on prices. What we are actually going to do today is to look, using this data, at structural stability. We're going to ask ourselves: are the parameters that we estimate over the entire sample constant over time? There's no point in estimating a model if in reality those coefficients are not fixed, if they're jumping all over the place. If we estimate the coefficient on income to be 0.5 over the entire sample, and then subsequently find out that coefficient varies from year to year from minus six to plus ten, having one point estimate is not going to be particularly useful to us. We want to know whether our coefficients remain reasonably constant throughout our sample period, particularly if we're using this equation to make out-of-sample predictions. The first thing we must be sure of is that the coefficients within the sample are reasonably constant. If they are not reasonably constant, then not only is the model a poor one within sample, but it can't really be used for out-of-sample predictions. Because although on average our coefficient that we estimate might be 0.5, the out-of-sample could well be minus six or something like that. So you need to know that our model is characterized by constant parameters over the sample. Now the data that we've got here has been artificially generated. The last six observations have been made up to illustrate structural change. The first twenty-odd observations are real; they haven't been made up. We will assume that we don't know that there is structural change.
Right, eighteenth of January, Department of Finance and Administration Cascade Meeting. Great North House, Northern Development Company. Marion, would you care to kick off? Yes, I brought what I thought would be a help from last week. Did your report back? We didn't have a meeting the first week, did we? Marion? And I wasn't in the last week so I doubt whether you want one on last week. It's all there I assume. The quarterly report went out towards the end of that first week, with the annual finance statements. We're quite encouraging because of the S and E enquiries, were actually done on his proportion for once. Only just, but because a hundred and eleven, if the enquiry's a hundred and six or constitutions, which is quite good. And obviously December was really quiet but then that's standard anyway, quite possibly not because it was sort of he's shown with an which didn't. So it's something folded back on one side yes? I mean it's not that vital to me, but I hadn't. Yes. But I'm not surprised, so in our previous visit they did give us. Then was down in Middlesbrough for a couple of days that week, and I think amused everybody by calling it miserable all the time, I dread to think what. I told you how he was on the phone that day, I mean, he hadn't the foggiest idea of what he was doing or where he was going, I don't know. I think he got on quite well down there, because he'd spent a few days up here he had a better idea of what he wanted to ask, and what he wanted to talk about and so on, but only because his deadline's and do you want to ring? Ah, right, I don't, I think it's now been called regional Christmas Day. Makes a lot more sense. At Mercury, he clocked the sponsorship late last year. Right, I must get some literature actually from Barry because as you know, we can't get it all out of the now. Right, oh and Phil went to the Stoke conference on that Thursday and Friday. He got bored silly and considered it a complete waste of time. Which I did try to tell. I seem to remember that's the day that East Anglia kind of just disappeared in. That's right. I was supposed to have a meeting with a couple of guys from the British Coal Enterprise down in Middlesbrough, but unfortunately again the weather caught all of them out and they decided not to come, but didn't occur to them to say they wouldn't come. So I sat down there for an hour, and eventually managed to find a phone number and get in contact and the guy was still there, and he said oh no I'm not coming up. This was like quarter to twelve, he should have been there at eleven o'clock. No he got stuck in London the night before because of the bad weather, and he started saying oh I'm sorry I don't think I'm going to be able to make it. Well I said, I was a bit concerned, I said it would be nice if you could let us know and especially since you travel twenty or thirty to get there. Yes, that's right, yes, I mean until you get there. I mean he knew that because he'd contacted me up here and I said well, to make it easier for you we could meet in Middlesbrough, save you coming up from Mansfield. I said well, it cuts the journey in half then. I wasn't too happy about that but never mind. What else, last week I had a meeting with Mike and Yvonne from D T I and Phil. I was looking for.
All right, sit please. I've checked your books and I have to say that I'm very pleased. Most of you worked very well. Rachael, you weren't here last week, were you? This is five S. Yes. Right. Okay. Right, if I can give Ken those to give out. And while Ken's giving them out, let's try and remind ourselves what we talked about last week. The rule is I ask and you put your hand up. What did we talk about last week? Chris. The universe. The universe. What is the universe? Louise. The universe is planets. Is it? Is that all it is? No hand up. Jennifer. The universe is everything. Everything, absolutely everything. How big is the universe? Phillip. No one knows. Nobody knows. What's that word? Who was that put that word up? That was it, you Phillip. What was that word you used last week? Infinitive. Infinitive. The universe is infinite. We don't know. When we look out of the window at night, what do we see? Jody. Stars. Stars. What are those stars? Suns. Suns. Not all of them, most of them are. Some of them are? Alan. Planets. Planets. How many stars are there? Come on, everybody's hand should be up. How many stars are there? It's that word again, isn't it? Infinitive. We can't count them because if we could count all the ones that we could see, there's still plenty beyond those. What's the nearest star to us? What's the nearest one? Louise. Is it the sun? The sun. The sun. Our sun. Well, why can't we see stars during the day? If we look out at the sky, why can't we see stars during the day? Steven. It's too light. It's too light, and where's that light coming from? The sun. The sun. Our star is too bright for us to see stars from further away. Do you know why we can see them at night and not at daytime? Why is the sun bright during the daytime? Does it switch off at night? That's what we've got to go on to. I'm just wondering how much you know already. Kieran. The earth turns round so we're in a shadow. Most stars will have what going round them? The moon. Not the moon, no. Phillip. Try. You're doing really well. Planets. Planets. How many planets has our sun got that we know about? Because there might be some we don't know. Lee. Nine. Nine. Nine that we know about. Which one are we? What's the name of our planet? Katrina. Earth. Earth. How where do we come in the order of nine? Are we furthest away, nearest, in the middle? Third. Third. And you wouldn't remember just how far away we are, would you? You, come on. One hundred and fifty million kilometres. A hundred and fifty million kilometres. I think you deserve a house point there. What house are you in? Oh, go on then. A hundred and fifty million kilometres from the sun. And what does the sun do for us? It gives us energy. Gives us energy. What sort of energy? Sunlight and light. Katrina. Warmth. And warmth, and without those we can't live. Light and warmth. Without the light, plants couldn't live and without plants we couldn't live. Do you think we could live on another of the planets then? What's the one nearest the sun? Can anyone remember? Stacey. Mercury. Mercury. What would it mean being nearer the sun? What would it mean about that planet compared with earth? We wouldn't be able to live. Why? It would be too hot. Oh, lovely and warm, a nice sun tan. No? What are you saying? I mean, are we talking?
Come in, come in, come in. Nice to see you. Well, what can we do for you today? Oh, I've an infection in my gum, Doctor. In your gum? Up here. Yeah. Tablets and noticed that, I don't know. Let's have a look and see what they've done to you. Aye, the Sofradex not doing very much for that, is it? No, I've never taken them. I just stopped taking them. Aye, I don't think they're doing very much, do you? You see, I've had it here. I take it quite often. I take it for sores. The doctor gave me these to clear them, and it does clear them up eventually. Eventually. Right. But I was getting bacteria and germ, you know. And I'd rather, so I put a description in, asked for a description yesterday. Right. Because that would give the rest of my things. So she said it wouldn't be done till tomorrow morning, but I need something. Right. And I've been up till, I've been in pain all night, Doctor. Aye. I'm just wondering if it's my teeth or if it's just my blood that's doing it. I think it might be the teeth. It'd be worth getting the dentist to have a wee look at your plate because there might be a wee rough bit. It seems to be catching up here. Aye, might be a wee rough bit in it. It was all rubbing and really painful all night, Doctor. And will I take these Sofradex? Yes, yes, keep on with those just now. I was going to take them, and I said, oh, I'd better see the doctor first. Aye, get Daktarin gel and put that on three times a day between meals. Do I just spread it on my plate, you know? Aye, just a wee drop on your finger and just cotton bud it and rub it round the top of your plate. Just put it straight from the tube. Awfully painful. Oh aye, because you're right into the flesh. It is. Right into the flesh. Do I take these as they're prescribed here, Doctor? Yes, aye, two four times a day. Yes, one four times a day. Fine, yeah, aye. Just take them. I was gonna take them. I said I couldn't stand the pain any longer. It really was. Put me off food and everything, Doctor. Aye, oh yes, when you can't eat, it's not much fun. Here we are now. And how's young Doctor doing? Is he doing alright? I haven't seen him. It's Doctor, I think, that attended me the last time. Aye. I haven't seen him. I think I've seen Doctor once. It was a wee, it was last year when you saw him, I think, Doctor. No. Was it not? No, because I got my gallbladder out in January. Aye. It was before that that you'd seen him. Aye. That looks like Doctor. Ah, I seen. That's right. Aye, it was November, the last time you saw Doctor. Oh, it was. Aye, well, I seen him. He came up to see me when I was in getting my gallbladder removed. Has it turned you into a human being yet? Oh, no. Will I just put the gel on? Can I? Just put the gel on. Don't wash your mouth out with anything. No, I was using some. I was washing with a mouthwash in the morning. No. Oraldene. No. No? No. Leave it alone. Leave it? Leave it alone. Yes, aye, just use your gel and your Sofradex tablets. Sofradex tablets, just take what's in the prescription. I seen Doctor Monday. He was at a clinic before I went back a week on Friday for injections. Again? Again. Absolutely. In the bin. That's the best place for it. Took him two reactions to get platelets, two reactions.
Well good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen. Before we start the presentation, I'd mention there will be hard copies of the slides available. The video is for internal use only, and there should be plenty of time for questions at the end. Six months ago we reported interim results, fifty eight percent down on the previous year, but held out hope for a stronger performance in the second half. In the event, our optimism was justified. And in the second half, when we always make the bulk of our profits, we fought back. Our second half pre-tax performance exceeded that of nineteen ninety by some five million. This wasn't sufficient to make up the ground lost in the first half, and the outcome for the year as a whole you now see. I'd like to draw your attention to a couple of points on this slide. First, the high earnings per share after extraordinary items, which is increasingly relevant to the proposed new accounting standards. And secondly, that we're recommending a maintained dividend, which we can prudently do, bearing in mind our reasonable dividend cover and low net debt. We now come to the breakdown of trading profit by sector. Profits from oil services were well, and educational publishing in the U.S. put in a very strong performance. Frank will be going into more detail on these and our other businesses, which are all facing an uphill struggle, particularly in the U.K. and North America, both in deep recession, and which you can see continue to make up the bulk of our markets. I'd add that at the moment we do not see any upturn in any of our major markets. Before handing over to Frank, I'd like to emphasise some of the key points of nineteen ninety one. Yes, we did have a strong profits recovery in the second half, greatly helped by oil services and U.S. educational publishing. We had a strong improvement in operating cash generation, and that and the sale brought net debt down to a low level. B Sky B is now profitable at trading level. We increased our stake in it during the year from eleven percent to sixteen percent. Frank became the new chairman, and we believe that in due course, it's going to generate substantial profits. Finally, I'd like to mention that we shall be recommending for shareholders a one for one scrip issue. This isn't intended as any particular message, but we are now one of the weightiest shares in the F T S E index, and we believe that it should improve the market liquidity of the shares. Now, Frank. Good morning everyone. I think when we talked to you when we presented the interims, we talked about the action we would be taking given the difficult circumstances. If I could just remind you, we said we'd be going for cost space reductions. Well, we've done that, as we said we would. And of course, in a business such as Pearson, which is a people business, although we regularly monitor employment statistics, such as total number of employees, revenue per employee, cost per employee, profit per employee, there are times when we have to take difficult decisions. So we've gone in for a lot of redundancy, which we'll see during the next slide or two. But not just redundancy, we've taken initiatives in lots of other areas. We'll show you those as well. On capital spending, we tended to concentrate on that spending which would show a return on the investment. And if we could, we've postponed maintenance spending, renewal of cars, and that kind of thing.
Long summer break. I just want you to remember the video. Someone you don't know is a stranger. Right. You don't take sweets. You don't take drinks, presents, money, or don't take anything. That's right, don't take anything. You don't get in someone's car because someone you don't know is a stranger. What can one say? They know it already, Miss. You've been here lots of times too, haven't you? You told us before. I know I have, yes, I know I have been here loads of times. And we've watched the video before. Shh. And we've watched the video before, yes, and we keep learning and we keep coming to tell you, don't we? Because it keeps happening. Boys and girls in their summer holiday keep getting taken away by people they don't know and nasty things done to them. So all we want you to do is remember the video, remember Pippin, yeah? And play safely till you come back to school next term. Play safe and never go with strangers. Strangers. Like James did. Never. Like that James did, yes, that little boy of three, James did, didn't he? Two. Two or three, whatever. I've just been corrected. Alright. Two. Who's James? Thank you, Miss. Thank you. Will you do one thing before you go though, class? Will you promise me when you go home tonight you be the teachers and your mum and dad be the children, and you tell them all about Stranger Danger and you tell them you're never gonna go with strangers and see what your mum and dad says to you. Yeah, will you do that for me? Yeah. Well done. They don't live with me. Oh, I always tell him that. Good man. Thank you very much indeed, thanks for your time. See you later, class.
At the meeting of the accounts and the reports of the directors and auditors for the year ended thirty first December eighty nine and the final dividend for nineteen eighty nine. Secondly, the re-election of directors retiring, and thirdly the appointment of the auditors and their remuneration. The A G M will be followed directly after this meeting by an extraordinary general meeting to propose an increase in the authorized share capital to seek authority to create new preference share capital to renew the board's power to allot shares to seek authority to purchase our own shares to reduce share capital by repaying existing preference shares to make some amendments to the employee share schemes to increase the aggregate amount available for directors' fees and to enable the company to issue summary financial statements. I'll now call upon David of Coopers and Lybrand to read the report of the auditors to the members. Thank you David. Next, I shall be proposing a resolution to receive the report and accounts and to declare a dividend. Then before putting the resolution to the vote I shall say a few words and ask whether there are any questions. The report and accounts have been in your hands for the statutory period and you've had the chance to read my statement. I therefore propose that the report of the directors and the audited accounts for the year ended thirty first December nineteen eighty nine now submitted to this meeting be and are hereby received and that the final dividend of twelve point five pence net per share recommended by the directors be and is hereby declared payable on first June nineteen ninety to holders of ordinary shares of the company on the register three P M on fourth of May nineteen ninety. We are entering the nineteen nineties as a well-defined well-balanced company both in the spread of our businesses and the geographical spread of our markets. We now generate sixty five percent of our sales outside the United Kingdom. We had another excellent year in nineteen eighty nine with a twenty percent increase in earnings per share and a nineteen percent increase in dividends per share. Since eighty two when we merged the two Pearson public companies we have increased Pearson's earnings per share and dividends four-fold. We have achieved this by selling top quality products and services expertly and aggressively in the international marketplace by acquiring businesses which complement and support our four chosen areas of operation and by disposing of businesses which had no obvious place in those areas. I explained in my statement in the annual report about the management reorganisation which occurred at the end of nineteen eighty nine. Although Frank has been a director of Pearson since nineteen eighty six and those of you been to this meeting in the last few years will have seen him before I'd like to introduce Frank to you in his new capacity Managing Director and Chief Operating Officer at Pearson. Frank, will you take a bow. Many of you will also have seen Jean-Claude at previous meetings which he attended in the capacity as to Michel. I'd like to welcome Jean-Claude to this his first A G M as a full member of the board. Now to move on to events that have happened since the annual report was printed many of you will no doubt have seen in the press that the same time as we announced our results at the end of March that we agreed
Erm John and Jonathan sit down but when I want you to read your essay about your home. Simon I want you to read about your home as well and as Martin is still giving out I think I'll have you Christopher please to read yours about monster, so I'll have the two monster ones first and then the two home ones. Right, just sit down for a minute and let's, Michael read his first. The monster from the marsh. I saw the monster arrive from the marsh he looked at the when I saw him I ran. The monster from the marsh. When I was walking past the marsh one, one night, when I was on my way back from school I heard a rustling noise behind a bush, when I went up the, went up first to the bush a big dragon-like thing jumped out from behind the bush, it gave me such a fright I nearly fainted. I started to run up, straight up the hill, erm lucky the monster was running straight at me and sticking out of the crowd and he tripped over and after the end. My home. My home is near the trees and I live there in, in my house there is I have lots of places in my and I have one one pigeon and a dog. My home is made of wood, and the roof is made of tin and the colour of it is grey. It has two doors, one, four windows, I, I don't have the garden or, oh, in my house there are six rooms and one of them is er, one, one of them is my, is my room and a picture and a my my, and room and er. My home. I live in a tree so does my mum tree house, my mum and my dad and my brother and my dog and dad live there. Our house is made of wood and is dark green. We have four windows and four doors, we have got a there is a big hill in front of it and it is good, but if it, if the tree house because we find the, the trees and then and then we were, we play in the tree house sometimes with the dog. Inside our home we have a lot of furniture, we have four rooms, one in the bathroom, one in the bedroom and one in the lounge and one in the kitchen. Right then. I like erm, Christopher and Simon yes I know, take your books and show right, erm, Jonathan here right John has written a story about his home right it's a good descriptive story on how people live until one day they couldn't think of any way that you could may improve it. My home. I live in a tree house, my mum and my dad and my brother and my dog and my sister. Our house is made of wood and is dark green, we have a four windows and four doors. It has got wooden roof. There is a big hill in front of it and it is good but erm because we climb the, the tree and climb it and we play in the tree house today with the dog. Inside our home we have a lot of furniture we have four rooms and one in the bathroom, one in the bedroom and one in and one in the lounge and one in the kitchen here. Okay, right. So if we cut out the one they might it might flow a bit more easily might it. That's good, it was alright apart from that you describe where John and are living well. Yeah, I didn't see which sort of. No, did he describe the house though? Yeah. Yeah, I think his description of where he was living in the tree house was very clear. I think he could improve it just a bit Jonathan and then it might flow a bit more evenly, might it then, right Michael bring yours out now please. Just a minute John, right Michael I want you to read yours through once more for me please. Do it about the monster. Monster from the marsh. When I saw the monster from the marsh, one night, I was, I was, I was frightened, I, I, I, I was he looked liked a when I saw him I ran.
Okay, let's get started! We're going to conclude now the discussion of the various ways in which bacteria, in particular, lead to the production of infective disease. It really centers around the discussion of the pathogenesis, that is the mechanism by which the disease is produced. I hope to run through today a set of examples of specific infective positions which show particular virulence factors manifest themselves in terms of clinical disease. We start with a fine and exciting topic for Monday morning, the topic of boils. In their final form they're shown here as striking. But the very same organisms responsible for that relatively moderate appearance can also produce a blocked region, the carbuncle, which in its most florid form can break down and produce a series of effectively interconnecting lesions. If we sample one of these cavities in which the process that produces boils is going on, almost inevitably we find this organism, staphylococcus aureus. Offspotulates have been clearly fulfilled with organism, and this disease was most notably studied by a bunch of medical students who were subjected to all sorts of tortures by their professor of microbiology back in the nineteen fifties. Over the years it's been possible to identify a number of factors produced by these bacteria that seem to make sense in terms of the pathology and the conditions. Now the pathology is chiefly inflammation, and in fact, the chief inflammation could be provoked merely by the presence of organisms. You will recognize from your immunology that the presence of foreign antigenic materials can lead immediately to the acute alternatives. But, notably inside the material that characterises the boils and abscesses, there is cell death, both of bacteria and of the defending cells and the structural cells. And to a very large extent this cell death can be related to the ability of staphylococcus aureus to produce elicit toxins, toxins which actually leave the cell dead. But the characteristic of this pus-forming organism is that the lesions it produces are walled off, that is they're relatively localized. And although the causal relationship is not completely established, it is a very helpful way of remembering that one of the principle distinguishing features of this organism, which separates it from other members of the genus staphylococcus, is that it produces this enzyme to coagulate things. The effects of this enzyme are illustrated here. Against the control preparation, you see a clot form due to the action of this enzyme on clotting practice which has been put into this test tube serum. So this is almost certainly a virulence factor, but it is also very useful in differentiating pathogenic species of staphylococci from non-pathogenic species. And as you'll be hearing in later stages of the course, there are many non-pathogenic species of staphylococci. It's worth also mentioning, since you saw it in the practical class, that staphylococci in general produce this enzyme catalase. This is the enzyme which breaks down hydrogen peroxide and detoxifies it. All of these factors together lead us to recognise it as a pus-forming organism which is often recognised by the term pyogenic organism, the ability to produce pus in the form of reactions it initiates. Now I want at least...
Come in, come in, come in Jon. Morning. Good morning. Is it? Oh aye. I was laying a heavy carpet yesterday, and my chest's full of gunge. Was it this time of the month already? Aye. Good? I dunno, are you taking blood cos I've a Doctor to see this afternoon. It's immaterial to me, I mean I'm totally unprejudiced. Maybe it'd be better if he does it Jon because he'll see the results then, and there's less chance of them getting lost. If we send it over to Monkland and it comes back here, it goes to Doctor, you know how he's all over the place. He's doing it all day, seeing clinic, as he's got Strathclyde and he's got Stonehouse as well. May be better if he does it this afternoon pal, for the sake of getting the stuff all in the right place at the right time. Aye aye. But urine test, absolutely fine, no problem there at all young Jon. That's smashing. Got a wee bit of reaction to the Sulfasalazine and the penicillin, mind. Oh right, aye. Normally thirst. I'm drinking water and tea and coffee, anything at all. But that's about the most I had. I started off at the start I was getting mouth ulcers, and then well I didn't get them to the severity that I got them with the sulfasalazine. Funny, cos sulfasalazine I've certainly been using it for years and years and years with different folk for something completely different. It didn't come out for arthritis. It came out for something else. And I've used it for about thirty odd years. I never found anybody with any trouble ever having any trouble with it. And yet when folk got it for their arthritis, there's no trouble with the Sulfasalazine. So there should be no problem. Yeah, that's right. Renal problems and I was having bowel problems ulcers in my mouth. And I was quite amazed. Oh aye, I was quite amazed. But I was away for a week there, I only came back on Saturday. I was away up Nunkton Kildray, it's between Invergordon and Paine. It's not my part of the world at all, it's beautiful. So my wife Jessie and I had a wee break. Peace and quiet? Aye, we've been having a lot of trouble with the people next door, and it's really quite amazing. I can believe it. Trouble with neighbours is not unusual. I hardly think that I'm able to run about banging doors at four o'clock in the morning. I'm up against a six footer and a five foot ten wife, you know. That's right, that's right. Thanks. Okay, Jon. Right. Bye.
Shall we start from the beginning? Yes. Right, completely fresh start? Yes please. I was born in Wapping in the year nineteen hundred and six. My father was a docker. One of my earliest recollections is of the dock strike of nineteen hundred and eleven, in which I played a part lining up at the soup kitchens to get soup for the family. My father died when I was quite young and at ten years of age I went into a poor old orphanage where I stayed four years. I came out of the orphanage to go and live with my mother and I found myself one of the family of six living in one room. The house was a four roomed house plus a scullery. Each room was occupied by a separate family. There was one cold water tap for the whole of the four families and one outside toilet. Conditions such as those were quite common to many thousands of people and I think it was those conditions which helped to formulate and develop my political thinking. When I was eighteen I came in contact with the Catholic Crusade which was a rather left wing Christian Socialist Organization and I found that their attitude to problems contained the answers for which I had been searching for a good many years. Tell me when you want me to raise something. Yeah, I'd like you to tell me about what the house was that you left before you came to Harlow and why you came to Harlow. Yes. If we skip all the intermediate years, after the war I came back from the army to find we'd been bombed out and were living in requisition accommodation. After a time we were moved into a new flat over some shops. My wife was working for Cossors the electronic company and they moved to Harlow. In order for her to retain her job, we had to move to Harlow as well. This proved very difficult because between the time of the decision being taken to move Cossors to Harlow and the time that my wife's department actually went, the Development Corporation had changed their policy and would not have married women as tenants. This resulted in a great deal of correspondence between myself and the Development Corporation and at the end of it I told my wife the best thing to do was to hand her notice in as there was no chance of us ever getting a house in Harlow. Fortunately her services were much more seriously in demand then we imagined and the company nominated us for a house which is allocated to one of their executives, the house that we're living in now and have lived in ever since nineteen sixty three. The vast difference between Stroud Green Road, Islington and Harlow. For one thing Harlow is the sort of town which I'd been agitating for both before and after the war whenever I was speaking on behalf of the Labour Party both at street corners and at public meetings on the type of life we envisaged for a normal person in the land. To leave Islington, to leave Stroud Green Road, to leave a flat which was over a shop overlooking a main shopping centre, overlooking a completely noisy main through road to come to Harlow was a difference between chalk and cheese. The accommodation differed in one respect and that was that in the flat we were on one floor, we had one bedroom. We moved into a house with two toilets, separate bathroom and three bedrooms, which enabled us to spread our furniture around, enabled us to have visitors to receive members of the family. I think this is one of the essentials in Harlow and something that people should not forget.
It was really a penance going to church. Yes, you really had to make the effort. Everybody had to go, sort of middle ages, all the servants and everything were forced to go, weren't they? The household went. Their homes were probably... Then there was a lot of wearing lots of clothing and not washing much, was there? In spite of that, it was probably more comfortable than the home that they'd left anyway. The church. They wouldn't want to wash very often, would they? No. Keep the dirt on them, keep warm. Smell of it. Well everybody smelt the same, didn't they? Yes, they wouldn't notice it. They all huddled together and then when they started to get warm it'd pong a bit, wouldn't it? It would, yes. Do any of you remember Saint John's church? No, do you remember Saint John's church? It was only demolished about eighteen seventy. Some of this woodwork is out of it. It was on the corner of Saint John's road. I remember seeing it now. That lovely chandelier. Isn't that beautiful, that chandelier? Mind the step! Yes, I'm standing here to tell everybody to mind. Because you can't see it. No. You're looking around, you could do a real bad wobble. Mind the steps down there, that step. Seeing used to tell us a lot about this, didn't he, at class? Oh, Richard. Reverend Richard. That's right, vicar of this house, and he died in eighteen thirty three. Eighteen thirty three! Yeah. And then that's the other one. One was... Eighteen eighty one. What relation were they? Well, I think that... Uncle! Weren't they on Mrs... I think they were, yes. On Mrs...'s side? Were they uncles? Was one an uncle to the other? Can't tell the relationship. Whether they were father and son. I can't tell you what the relationship between the two of them was, but they're related to Allen. Allen did tell me something else, and his Allen is spelt the same, A double L E N. That's right! Yes, that's right. He was the one that did the diary, isn't it? One of them was a great diarist. That's it. The earlier one, I think, isn't it? The earlier one, eighteen thirty three one. Was it him? Yes. He was... Mind you, that was the year he died. He became vicar in seventeen ninety, didn't he? Yes, well his diary was around that time. Eighteen eighty three. And Allen's still got the diary. Yes, he has his diaries. That's it. It's coming back to me now. Have you got any information on? It says pretty much the same as in here, yes. Oh, I'm pleased I've done that. Information... Tell us what it says. Give me time. A bit of... wait a minute. After... oh, right. After ten years, I've in consequence of the ill state of my nephew... Oh well, I was right. Tell June that, won't I? She's the entry in the diary of the Reverend Richard. His custom in his latter years was to attend here at all on Sunday mornings when he would occasionally, the sermon being preached by one of his curates or his nephew, Reverend. The curate's deficiency was invariably noted. Now then, Richard home, was it Little Griffing? This is what it told us. Well there you are, yes, so he could prayers there on Sunday afternoon. That's right. Has this cropped up...
We need you in a semicircle and the best way to do that is to push your chairs roughly around that grey line. There's a nice swivelly one. You pass those round in either direction. From now on it's bandage time. Denise is going to do bandaging and I'm going to do bandaging and so are you. So you have these packs and these packs. If you'd like to take one pack each, I don't know if there's a pin in them, you might find a pin in there. Please look after them and bring them back each day. You'll find a bandage and a roll of bandage in there and so they're your own properties. In your textbook you've got quite a lot of information in there about reinforcing what we're going to do in the practical session. And it's always a help I think when you have a lot thrown at you to know that you can just put it up and there it is if you get a bit confused or can't remember what's what. So on page one six nine it starts telling you all about nursing and bandages and general hygiene which we've already talked quite a lot about. But it's very useful for you to know, you can go there and look. And if you just go through the pages from there on one seventy, one seven one, one seven two, one seven three and then on one seven four it's got the general rules for applying bandages. Apply bandages when the casualty is sitting or lying down. You always sit your casualty down and you work from the front of, I say why do you work from the front of the thing? So you can keep so you can see how they're looking. See if they're going pale a bit or if they're going to fall off their chair and talk and reassure them. That's right. Always make sure that the injured parts are well supported. Bandages should be firm enough to do the job and large enough to cover the wound. All of this is the sort of thing which you need to be referring back to if you're in any doubt. On page one seven five you've got how to check the circulation after you've put the bandage on to make sure it's not too tight. It's not stopping all the blood supply. Press a fingernail if there's only a fingernail and it should go white of course if you press it. Then the blood should go back and it goes back pink again or an area of skin. Always check your circulation after you've put your bandage on. Now when you've actually opened your pack you'll find your triangular bandage here. Now I'm going to show you now how you're going to put it away again, fold it afterwards, opening it up. Alright, everyone open their bandage up? Now when it's opened it's useful as a sling. Two sorts of slings we're going to do, high sling and the low sling. But also if you fold it, it's very useful as a bandage too. If you put it across your knee, then you bring the point up towards you like that and then again, fold it the base up to the top again and again face up to the top and there you've got a bandage, okay? One stage before that you've got a very broad bandage which is helpful for supporting things. We'll learn about how to use that later. When you've got it to the final fold there you've got your ordinary fold bandage. And if you want, pack it away like that, you bring the end in the centre, there, so and again the ends in to the centre, just so that they meet like this, like this the centre, just so that they meet there, again, start like this, ends just to meet in the centre don't overlap them too much and again bend into the centre and you've got a nice little pad, if you ever need.
Shandy, and then Ida's rung to say that our buyers have just rung him to say they've got the cash agreed and it's all sorted out. So basically you're moving in about four weeks time. No, we've got to exchange by then, we'll have done it by then, but so that means party time. No it will not mean party time but anyway that's not bad. You're forever stuffing your face, did you know that? You're off next week aren't you? Well you'll have to be here for the surveyor. The only thing is last week Jean said that when the surveyor came last time they took all the carpets up so you might, they might have to do that. You'll have to protect the dog because he might not like seeing his carpet pulled up. That is disgusting. Okay. Why? Because exchange of contracts. So what nineteen thousand paid? Could prove difficult but how can you pay that much off? I suppose if they, I think we have, I think it's done as part of a new mortgage I think. What's there to put, took an extra twenty thousand on from the beginning? So are nan and granddad totally for the idea and everything and moving now? Yeah say so. Are we going to have a look round the house one more time? No Richard, not before we exchange contracts and we actually move in I don't think. Why? Well we might do, might too, full contracts signed just to get some measurements. The measurements are already there. No, not accurate we don't know the size of the windows and curtains do we? Ah, can you imagine trying to curtain that big room, the dining, the ballroom bit? Drawing room. Drawing room, whatever it's called, it's huge, it has windows all the way round, it has bow windows innit? No it's window blind window with a bay window at the side. You have to keep the, what's the name of the stuff? Floor tiles down, wooden floor tiles. Not floor tiles, they're wooden flooring. What do you mean wooden floor? Floor tiles. Not tiles. So what are they? They're wood strip flooring. Are they expensive? The actual flooring. They expensive? Well, if you polish those up we can keep them. I'm going to, so we're not having carpets down? No, rugs, large rugs. Well then exactly that's not going to cost much is it? Yeah, yes. Cost less than carpets. No Nigel looked at a rug and it was sort of like ten by six and that was three hundred and fifty pounds. Yeah, expensive, but you get that from work. Not a lot of it, it's not a great deal hassle, but the garden's gonna look good when we've finished it, get in the straight first day in we'll hack down the back tree. Nanna wants to have all the plants picked out of the greenhouse and have them all in the trays and up to us by the end of May before they go away on holiday. Where they going? Forgotten now, somewhere rural Spain. Oh god, you know it's not like Benidorm or anything like that it's somewhere like, it's about seven miles away from the sea, but as I said they, seven? Well they don't want to go to the sea, they've got a swimming pool so that's all they need. I suppose so, and lots of nice walks around things which, how long are they going for? Dunno, about a week, ten days I think. Yeah, that's not bad. But they want to go, bring all the trays of plants over, a hundred odd before they go, so the greenhouse is empty. So all hundred odd? Oh, they have more than that I think. So in other words they're gonna bring its new place? Well if we
Good evening. In this programme we are going to look at the way in which British music has developed in recent years and its relationship to that produced by Continental Europe. I recently talked to Michael Hall, who lectures in music at the university. I asked him whether I was right in supposing that over the years British music had been influenced much more by the Continent than vice-versa. Yes, it's absolutely right. No doubt about it. Apart from two periods apart from the beginning of the fifteenth century, and I think in certain respects in our own day, and for the rest of the time we were dass land ohne muziek the land without music, I fear. As far as the Continentals were concerned, it was the sensuality of English music. What had happened in the fourteenth century, mainly French music had become very, very intellectual, very austere, very formal. The English at that time had produced a kind of ravishing sensuality which when we invaded Europe in France in the Hundred Years War and influenced the Burgundians, they were fascinated by the kind of sensuous sounds we were producing. And one composer in particular, a man called John Dunstable, had a profound influence on the direction which Continental music was going to take. In fact, his music is found not in England, it is found in mainly Italian and Burgundian libraries. Even at the end of the sixteenth century, which is a great golden era as far as we were concerned, you know, the madrigal came from Italy and it was the Italian import that influenced English composers, rather than the other way round. I think asked Michael whether people in France and Germany, for example, knew of the work of British composers such as Elgar. Hardly then at all. Well, they are played but not, not very often, and they are treated not with the same respect as we treat them. It's quite staggering, really amazing. I once conducted a major European orchestra, a German orchestra, and I conducted the introduction Allegro of Elgar and it was the first time they'd ever, ever played any Elgar, and they didn't like the piece. They thought it was slightly wishy-washy, or something. I thought it was a fantastic piece. And we do, you know, for us it's a standard classic. But no, the kind of subtlety, the rubarto was, you know, that is very, the hallmark of Elgar they didn't like at all. I think it's a musical difference in taste. I think, I mean, if you take Elgar I think what we admire about Elgar is this very strange, slightly introverted quality, this dark quality, this fluidity, this flexibility, this lack of rigid formal devices. Again, it's like Dunstable, this slight sensuality about Elgar. I don't mean that Elgar is a sensuous composer, but I mean the fluidity of Elgar, which is very much his style, which we admire and which is part and parcel of our sort of heritage, they don't see the point of it, they can't really enter into the spirit of it. It is something peculiarly English I think. The more contemporary serious composers are much more appreciated. I mean since Britten, and then later on Tippet and now Maxwell Davis and Birtwhistle, there is a general respect for English music and quite frequently the Continentals will commission a piece by Birtwhistle or Maxwell Davis now as if they were major composers, and indeed they are of course. So that there has been a major breakthrough in the appreciation of English music, but it's not quite, it's still on the periphery, I think, of music as far as.
Has anybody come across those terms assertive, aggressive and passive? A lot of training goes on about assertiveness training and maybe the word has got around that assertiveness is good and everything else isn't so good. I think maybe that's right on some occasions, but the thing about this is that it very much depends where we are and what situation we're in and we may actually choose to use one of the other types of behaviour. What sort of situation might you choose to use that type of behaviour? Possibly, yes, a situation where you might actually be declining, backing off, yeah? So maybe we'd use it in that situation. Or working within a bank and somebody runs in with a shotgun, what sort of behaviour then? There aren't too many people who actually go aggressive and wrestle the gunman to the ground, yeah? There may be the odd one or two, but the risk is making his head blown off by doing it, so most of us will say here you are take my money and run, passive behaviour. What about aggressive behaviour then, when would you choose to use that? Rob a bank, aggressive behaviour, yeah. Why not? When all else fails really. Right, I mean it could be as a matter of a last resort, yeah. Maybe he's a bit cranky about the scale so it may be a conscious decision that goes without saying. He's feeling aggressive. Right, yes, it's quite often aggressive people or passive people who maybe like having passive people around and just need somebody to walk over to shout at and behave in an aggressive way, so maybe we have to go aggressive when we deal with an aggressive person. So perhaps the first thing about that continuum is that none of them are right or wrong, we all have different ways of behaving and it's very much a personal choice which one we use at one stage. The thing to say is that we all have natural places where we feel comfortable, we all have particular styles where it's easier, it's more comfortable, perhaps, and very comfortable just staying where we are being passive, there's nothing particularly wrong about that for us. So we actually choose to be wherever we want to be, it's very much a personal choice. The third thing about that is that it represents a continuum. Now we've got very much a personal perspective and we see things through our own eyes so somebody may see somebody behaving and regard that as assertive behaviour, somebody else may actually see that as aggressive, it's very much a personal view of where we see the people lying and also indeed the people who prefer to deal with them. Maybe these people here prefer to deal with aggressive people or indeed passive because you can completely walk over them, they don't like dealing with anybody, they're totally passive on the far end of the scale. So we all have personal preferences with people who we like to deal with and indeed how we see people as well. So continue on there on behaviours, recognize people that you see around about, recognize some to be aggressive, some as assertive, some as passive. What are some of the clues, if you like, that tell us if people behave in an assertive, aggressive, passive way? What are some of the other clues we take away from that? Right, body language. A very good example of the clues, some behaviours that make us say yeah it's aggressive, passive, assertive. Tone of voice certainly. Anything else about the voice? Yeah, volume.
They're good to watch something like this. Even might be blocking them. Tough rule to bowl to the new batsman Mahammama. That's his first delivery and he stands rather quickly at that one down on the leg stump. It runs away off the pad. There's a shout, I think more of anguish from Tufnell than conviction. Well, all the Sri Lankan batsmen seem pretty good at adopting the tactic of sticking the pad down at the back follow somewhere after it. Oh, they loved that. Yes, and that one's played with a bat to off and there's no run. Bill to your rescue once more. Five foot three and a half. Feeling more like Alaska. Almost like, and just in case you haven't anything about, out comes the end sheet as a plays it too. Silly point and there's a run. Now what have we got on? Five feet ten, he's a veritable giant. Trained over here with Mill Hill Cricket Club. That's stuck a bit by Tufnell and I think we might say that beat in the air. His attempted sweep failed completely. No run, still a hundred and eleven for three. That means an insurance manager. Tufnell bowls quickly, flatter, and that whistles through outside the off stump. Ooh, groans and shouts of disappointment all around the wicket there, echoed by Victor Marks, yeah, yeah in the box. Yet to get off the mark. Tufnell bowls and there's a shout again as that goes near diving silly point's right hand, and there's no run. A hundred and eleven for three still. Had a very, very good over from Bill Tufnell there. It's always a bit tricky when you come on to bowl and it's turning and it's a long day ahead and you're expected to get hissed and you expect to get hissed, and you can get very impatient when they don't come. But he's got one now. He's got, now he's bowled well all morning now. He's bowled almost for an hour, but he's got that one wicket and he, that over was full of confidence. He tossed one up, misjudged the length and got into a bit of a tangle and then he bowled a quicker one which tried to cut. He then misjudged the pace and he could off nick it to the, a very, very good over and he's bowling with great confidence at the moment. Lewis taking over from the greatest at the pavilion Lawrence. First time we've seen Lawrence this morning. And on the subject of frustration Victor which you were just airing then, did you by any chance see Tony Locke at Old Trafford when Laker took his? No. It was terrible to behold. I was only one at the time. Oh, I'm so sorry. You wouldn't have noticed much about it. Here's Lawrence, first time in action today. He bowls a ball full length and very stylishly indeed. DaSilva plated off and there's no run. Yeah. That is the other thing, when the ball is turning and your partner is turning it mild and getting wickets. Yes. And you're doing your utmost at the other end straining, trying even harder and harder. The harder you try often the worse it gets. That's right, but Locke was turning it on on occasion and just couldn't strike at all, except for the one wicket. If he bowled quicker and quicker he might have been in trouble. A hundred and eleven for three still. As Lawrence bowls to DaSilva. Cool. And that's a beamer, and DaSilva is stifled in the extreme. It's a no ball. Now whether that was because it was a beamer I think, but we don't know whether it's overstretched or not as far as footwork was concerned. It brought a run down to square leg anyway, and DaSilva is now eighteen. Total a hundred.
So that's what we did. First, when you filled in your initial choice, we got a team choice. Now, perhaps what would make a lot of sense is if we have the first few team answers from one member of this team, and then we'll go through the others. Alright. One thing we will certainly mark is that the answer you get does depend on the way you read some of the statements or principles. But what I wanted us to do is start getting some discussion going so you're actually getting a bit closer to one another. Let's go through this team here. You can do it, Mary, if you like. What did you get for the first set of claims you decided needed to be accomplished? Truth. Everybody agree with truth? Yes. Yes. Yes. I think so. And that's not just in selling, is it? I mean, that's in everything. You get an instructor, and they say a training course is going to start at half past eight on February the tenth. Yeah, well, that's what we've got to do, then you've got to start looking to the planning towards it, haven't you? And you've got to get there, when you've got to get there, and so on and so on. So you get the first and decide what you want to get to. But if you don't do that, any road will get you there. And I think that's something we'll certainly discuss tomorrow, on Thursday. If you are... what I want you to do is to create a team plan, and the first thing we need to decide in that team plan is where do we want to get? What do we want to do? Not just "we want to increase sales" because everybody wants to do that, but if we've got to increase sales, by what? Is it five percent? Ten percent? Thirty percent? We want to get more... you know, there's... there is no point really in saying things like, "What I'd like to do is improve the quality of the appointments," because that doesn't tell you anything. It has to be some solid reason, some absolute measurable thing. Okay. Any customers been another customer at all? All of us. All of us. Yes, I think so. I think so. Otherwise, we'd all be discussing what it is. Right! Means testing. They're sort of sales for sales' sake. Yeah. Oh. I'm just being awkward. I, well, there's nothing wrong with that. As you know. There's nothing wrong with that. I mean, we've all seen the results of any customer who's a bit of a nervous sort, haven't we? Well, that's putting that well. I think we have. Dave, I think. As sorts. Yeah, you draw up one, aren't you? Mm-hmm. Yeah. That's right. Yes. I mean, it's... that's one we refer to as the Donnis mobile 'cos we can use that when the American Express comes through. But, yes, any customer knows when you're talking a load of nonsense. Thought so, didn't they? True. A salesperson should never abandon hope of winning an account. Which is really great! Woo hoo! That's a good one, isn't it? Well, you have to have something there. Does anybody... everybody think true? No. Yeah. Yeah, times change, don't they? Yeah. Buyers change, companies change, attitudes change, markets change. Our... yep. Yes, they go off. What about this one? We'll ask Linda this time. When it says good plans sell, require, retain. I put false. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I think that has to be the chain. Yeah. Because it might be a good plan today, but I wonder how good it is tomorrow? You know, with things changing and that. Ah! Here's...
I am wondering if I should. Well, I'm going to be. I reckon I should, oh aye! You shoot from the ground. Did you buy a remote? Francis, I'll show you how to make them shoot. You don't even have to hit them off the ground. It's like these. You stay in the for right. You hate that. That goes on disk two. What? There. This one? This tape goes into it. One goes in the. That's alright. Leave it. There you are. Have you mastered it yet? I try to come round the second thing. Second one. On the arrow one. On number one. They, erm, you. Aha. But it's trying to. He's not. Instead, you're being one. Mhm. But you're definitely not losing his cool. Aha. His cool? Yes. There's one anyway. Oh! Ee! You see the with it. Ha ha ha ha. Hit it! Hit it! A number. You're going over? Yes, I know. Really quick. It's nice though. Erm, or do you go in? Yes. Maybe yous can't get it's er. What do you mean? Take it to our tanks. Yeah. Hit it! Hit your base. Rock strip lizard trouble. Oh yes, lizards! You know what to do when you shoot all them aircraft down? You're safe. One less lizard. This is too easy. Yeah, four. I found out there's a load of stuff in the back yard there. Take it with them. What, like yeah, wings up or anything like that? Have you long with the disk? We're on wings. He was gonna write to the army. Ah? He's about the. With the so some night in New York, ain't that right man? And he just turned round the other belt him! It's like we never let the dog in. What about the day's? Right. It's blown them all. I see. Bravo! Destroy tank again. Some of the blue tanks across the border. You have a dig at that, go on. Who made the? It's number two. And that. Er, right, one. Count ten. Yes, I will do it. This mission. Don't take off. I don't know. I have got the key to the taking off, you know. Brownstein. Oh! Oh, I remember that. Where's the map? Oh, maybe. You don't have. That's er Taibon our first base the army friendly base. You know what that is? Round the aerial under there. Look at them. Look. Brownstein they've been. It's er there long. Code named Charlie Large. No, you're can't. No, you can't Paul! You can take off there! What? You can take off no there? Are you going half er way. See armament. At least here, here the. Och! This is your game! On they go. And load them on too. Oh no! Have to owe our er. There's one of each. It was there yesterday. You shouldn't need a new. What? You'll soon, I'll have, opening a new restaurant. Right. Display red. Aha. Alright Colin? Yes indeed. I'm alright. You? Yeah, er hang on! Hey up! I'm alright. Ha! Game ends welcome commander to Middle East. We're going through the middle mhm the Middle alright? East. Morning! Why? Am I gonna crash or something? It should be my time. I dunno. Yeah, she will. You're coming in and everything. Side direction. Don't shoot. She knows I won't. Don't shoot! And I'm trying to get a defence on the bogies. I'll let the bogies come in. No way! I'll let the bogies come in. Where's they heading anyway? That forest. Correct stealth mode. On there. Stealth mode's on Lemy. Press change my weapon ever. Go ahead now. This one. Aye. Fire now. Can I have the no. Hang on. There's bogies coming in. Here are they again looking for us. Ace man weaponry. Great! I'm not, I'm not his turn! Turn! Turn please? No. Towards the car. There? Towards the car. I know. Towards the car. Hang on. I'm down a bit. Ah! Easily. Towards the car. Ah! Towards the.

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