title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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Stimulation by cyclic GMP of sodium efflux in barnacle muscle fibres. | 1. The ouabain-insensitive Na efflux in barnacle muscle fibres is promptly stimulated by injection of cyclic GMP. The minimal effective injected concentration is found to be about 10(-7) M. This effect of cyclic GMP could not be mimicked by injecting 5'-GMP. 2. External application of ouabain (10(-4) M) to fibres not p... | 41,090 | [
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The nature of the negative endocochlear potentials produced by anoxia and ethacrynic acid in the rat and guinea-pig. | 1. The alterations in the Na+ and K+ concentrations of the cochlear endolymph and in the endocochlear potential were followed simultaneously by means of ion-sensitive and conventional micro-electrodes during simple anoxia, during anoxia after i.v. ethacrynic acid and after i.v. ethacrynic acid alone. The endolymphatic ... | 41,092 | [
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Circumventing the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. | Prompt blood-gas analysis consisting of pH, PCO2, and PO2 is now almost universally accessible. PCO2 directly conveys the role of the respiratory mechanism in any acid-base disturbance. The metabolic condition, however, is hidden in a relationship between pH and PCO2 that is most faithfully expressed by the cumbersome ... | 41,124 | [
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[Characteristics of the changes in the intra- and extracellular K+ and Na+ concentrations and the intra- and extracellular pH in the area of cardiac ishemia in experimental myocardial infarct complicated by ventricular fibrillation]. | Localized ischemia of the heart complicated by ventricular fibrillation is characterized by a tendency to a higher rate of decrease in intra- and extracellular K+ gradient and intracellular pH in the myocardium as compared to cases without fibrillation. The higher rate of K+ escape from the ischemic cells may be linked... | 41,134 | [
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Quinacrine-binding nerves: presence in the mouse ano-coccygeus muscle, disappearance after muscle transsection. | The anococcygeus muscle exhibits non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic, inhibitory neurotransmission. In the present paper we describe the presence of quinacrine-binding beaded nerve fibres in the mouse anococcygeus muscle. A large number of fibres were running parallel to the smooth muscle bundles. A second distribution of ... | 41,143 | [
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Interferon and cytotoxic factor (cytotoxin) released in the blood of mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. I. Enhanced production of interferon and appearance of cytotoxin stimulated by capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae or bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | Interferon production stimulated by the active substance (neutral fraction) of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (neutral CPS-K) in BCG-infected mice was compared with that by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Prior infection with BCG increased the responsiveness of mice to the lethal effect of neu... | 41,163 | [
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[Proteolytic enzymes produced by Aspergillus ochraceus in relation to their plasma coagulating and fibrinolytic activities]. | The paper describes some properties of coagulases and fibrinolytic enzymes isolated from a proteolytic complex produced by Aspergillus ochraceus HP-19 during submerged cultivation on a synthetic medium. Proteolytic enzymes with the plasmocoagulating activity hydrolyzed casein at the maximum rate at 45 degrees C and pH ... | 41,165 | [
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Antidepressant and antipsychotic agents. | Numerous studies have been reviewed concerning the relationship of the catecholamines and indoleamines to depression and its treatment with antidepressant drugs. The profusion of data on the subject suggests the amines may be implicated in the disease, however no convincing hypothesis is available which unites the two.... | 41,188 | [
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Alpha adrenoceptors in rat brain: direct identification with prazosin. | Tritiated prazosin was used to characterize high affinity binding sites with characteristics similar to alpha 1 adrenoceptors in rat brain membranes. These sites were compared with alpha 2 adrenoceptors labeled with tritiated clonidine. The prazosin sites had an association constant of 2 nM-1 and bound to ligand optima... | 41,192 | [
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Dopaminergic antagonism of L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced myoclonic jumping behavior. | We studied the effect of dopamine agonists (levodopa, apomorphine, lergotrile, and M-7 [2(dimethylamino)5,6-dihydroxytetralin] on myoclonic jumping behavior in young male guniea pigs. All these agents had a significant antagonistic effect on the frequency of this serotonin-mediated behavior. The duration of the antagon... | 41,197 | [
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Controlled intravenous bicarbonate and fetal-maternal acid-base balance. I. The primipara. | The effects of a controlled sodium bicarbonate (SB) infusion on the acid-base balance of the primiparous mother and fetus at labor and delivery were evaluated. Two identical groups of primiparas with normal labor and delivery were studied. According to acid-base parameters observed in the mothers and fetuses of a contr... | 41,200 | [
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Effect of chronic reserpine administration on K+ and amylase release from the rat parotid gland. | After chronic administration of reserpine, slices of the rat parotid gland incubated in vitro were found to release significantly more K+ and significantly less amylase than similar slices from untreated control animals. The extent of K+ release in the gland slices of the drug-treated animals shows no dependency on ext... | 41,213 | [
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Stability of the unique anticodon loop conformation of E.coli tRNAfMet. | Initiator tRNAs have an anticodon loop conformation distinct from that of elongation tRNAs as detected by susceptibility to S1 nuclease. We now find the anticodon loop conformation of E. coli tRNAfMet to be stable under different salt conditions as detected by using S1 nuclease as a structural probe. In contrast, a con... | 41,223 | [
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Nitrogen control in Salmonella: regulation by the glnR and glnF gene products. | The product of the glnR gene is required for nitrogen regulation of the synthesis of glutamine synthesis (Gln synthetase) [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] and two periplasmic transport proteins that are subject to nitrogen control in Salmonella. Strains with mutations to loss of function of the gl... | 41,244 | [
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Partial anxiolytic action of morphine sulphate following microinjection into the central nucleus of the amygdala in rats. | In the social interaction test of anxiety, bilateral microinjections of morphine sulphate (10 microgram) into the central nucleus of the amygdala counteracted the reduction in social interaction normally seen when the test arena is unfamiliar to rats. However, these injections did not counteract the decrease in social ... | 41,266 | [
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Intraventricular self-administration of acetaldehyde, but not ethanol, in naive laboratory rats. | For 11 consecutive days, naive rats were maintained in operant chambers where they were given the opportunity to self-administer acetaldehyde (1,2, or 5% v/v), ethanol (2 or 10% v/v), or pH control solutions directly into the cerebral ventricles. Only the animals that had access to the 2 and 5% acetaldehyde solutions s... | 41,277 | [
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The isoelectric point of thrombin and its behaviour compared to prothrombin at some solid surfaces. | We have shown that the isoelectric point of thrombin is high and that thrombin is a cation at the pH of blood. On the other hand, prothrombin has a low isoelectric point, being more anionic at the pH of blood. It was also found that thrombin adsorbs readily to surfaces, especially negatively charged surfaces, like behe... | 41,337 | [
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Effect of substance P on CCK- or VIP-induced choleresis in anesthetized dogs. | 10 anesthetized dogs were provided with acute common bile duct fistulas and the gallbladder was excluded. Hepatic bile output and biliary content of sodium, potassium and amylase were studied. 6 caval infusions were administered of CCK, 0.3 Ivy U.kg-1.min-1, with a superimposed infusion of SP, 20 ng.kg-1.min-1. 7 caval... | 41,410 | [
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Latent herpesvirus hominis 1 in the central nervous system of psychotic patients. | Cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from 35 patients with senile or presenile dementia and from 13 patients with schizophrenia and related syndromes were examined in cell cultures with the aim to isolate Herpesvirus hominis 1 (HVH 1) or other viruses. Serum and CSF antibodies to HVH 1 and/or interferon in the patients indicated... | 41,436 | [
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Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of various benzodiazepines used as hypnotics. | 1 In the management of insomnia with drugs, any action should be restricted to the duration of the night and residual effects should be absent during the day-time. The intermittent type of drug action desired is fundamentally different from drug treatment where a constant effect is sought. 2 Duration of drug action is ... | 41,545 | [
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Influence of biogenic amines on the growth of xenografted human colorectal carcinomas. | The influence of some biogenic amines and amine-receptor-blocking drugs in the growth rate of human colorectal carcinomas propagated as s.c. xenografts in immune-deprived mice was studied. In mice treated with adrenaline, a beta-adrenergic agonist, the growth of xenografts was suppressed for 2 days, after which growth ... | 41,563 | [
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[Mitochondrial transhydrogenase: general principles of functioning]. | A new mechanism for the functioning of mitochondrial transhydrogenase has been proposed. This mechanism makes it possible, without additional postulates, to explain the generation of delta muH+ of different signs in the forward and reverse transhydrogenase reactions and why this generation is not accompanied by the mem... | 41,597 | [
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Induction of foci of altered hepatocytes by a single injection of azaserine to rats. | The induction of foci of altered, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)-positive hepatocytes by azaserine was investigated. After injection of a single dose of azaserine, many foci developed in male Wistar rats fed a choline-devoid (CD) diet containing acetylaminofluorene (AAF), but only a few in rats fed a choline-supple... | 41,634 | [
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New experiments of biotin enzymes. | The objects of structural studies on biotin-enzymes were acetyl CoA-carboxylase and pyruvate carboxylase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and beta-methylcrotonyl CoA-carboxylase and acetyl CoA-carboxylase of Achromobacter IV S. It was found that these enzymes can be arranged in three groups. In the first group, as represent... | 41,682 | [
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The significance of 2,3-DPG in red blood cell transfusions. | This review will begin by giving the highlights of the history and explain development of the basic science knowledge of hemoglobin chemistry, function, and physiology. The necessary involvement of red cell metabolism, as it pertains to the maintenance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels, both normally and under... | 41,684 | [
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[Gastroesophageal reflux: a factor eliciting esophageal variceal hemorrhage?]. | Following a hemorrhage, ten patients with esophageal varices were examined by means of gastroscopy and functional analysis of the esophagus with special regard to gastroesophageal reflux. A pathological gastroesophageal reflux was not confirmed. These results plus previously published findings lead to the assumption th... | 41,687 | [
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Screening in diabetes mellitus: report of the Atlanta workshop. | A Diabetes Screening Workshop was held in Atlanta, Georgia, May 15--17, 1978, which was sponsored by the Center for Disease Control, the American Diabetes Association, and the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases. The workshop formulated the following recommendations for the use of screen... | 41,691 | [
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Procollagen processing. Limited proteolysis of COOH-terminal extension peptides by a cathepsin-like protease secreted by tendon fibroblasts. | An enzymatic activity, capable of removing the COOH-terminal extensions of type I chick procollagen, has been demonstrated in embryonic chick tendons and in cultured tendon fibroblasts utilizing two new methods of analysis. The protease was purified by a combination of ultrafiltration concanavalin A affinity chromatogr... | 41,715 | [
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The renal effects of clonidine in unanesthetized rats. | Clonidine s.c. (0.01-0.3 mg/kg), in unanesthetized rats, caused an initial rise (+20 mm Hg), followed by a continuous fall of BP and a dose-dependent natriuresis and diuresis for up to 2 h. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (CIn) increased during the first 20 min, while effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) (CPAH) remained... | 41,724 | [
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... |
Tricyclic antidepressants: potent blockade of histamine H1 receptors of guinea pig ileum. | Six tricyclic antidepressants were tested for their ability to antagonize histamine actions at histamine H1 receptors in a bioassay for these receptors (histamine-induced contractions of guinea pig ileum). All compounds were competitive antagonists with equilibrium dissociation constants in the range of 5.6 x 10(-11) M... | 41,726 | [
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Dopamine agonist-induced hyperglycemia in rats: effects of lergotrile mesylate. | Lergotrile and apomorphine, two direct-acting dopamine agonists, caused marked hyperglycemia in fasted rats, while compounds which release endogenous dopamine (amphetamine, methylphenidate) or inhibit dopamine reuptake (LR5182), failed to elevate blood glucose. The effect of lergotrile was dose dependent, causing blood... | 41,730 | [
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Amphotericin B induced structural changes of the erythrocyte membrane. | Incubation of human erythrocytes in isotonic NaCl-sucrose medium with a relative high concentration of amphotericin B results in the occurrence of distinct structures on the membrane faces as visible by freeze-fracturing. Such kind of structures is known to be formed by phase separation of the lipid components (domain ... | 41,735 | [
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Direct measurement of the pH in the stomach of the conscious rat, using a special electrode. | The construction and use of a specially designed electrode to measure gastric pH in the conscious rat is described. Measurement of gastric hydrogen ion activity with this device is rapid and reproducible in starved rats. A dose-related increase of gastric pH was obtained after s.c. injection of the anticholinergic isop... | 41,736 | [
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0.2... |
Maternal mortality in an Israeli hospital: a review of 23 years. | In spite of great strides in obstetrics, maternal mortality has been completely eliminated. Possible changes in the causes of mortality are examined for three periods of time (1954-1961, 1962-1971 and 1972-1976). The overall incidence was 3.6/10 000, changing through the three periods from 4.9 to 4.3 and finally to 3.0... | 41,762 | [
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Birth weight, gestational age and other indices of fetal maturity. | A number of indices for evaluating the maturity of the newborn were studied. Indices of anthropometric, anatomic, reflex and physiologic development were examined to evaluate their association with birth weight and gestational age; the validity of these diagnostic indices is discussed. Studies are recommended to establ... | 41,766 | [
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... |
Occurrence of old yellow enzyme in Gluconobacter suboxydans, and the cyclic regeneration of NADP. | Old yellow enzyme system has been found in the cytosol fraction of Gluconobacter suboxydans. This is the first time that the enzyme has been found in organisms other than yeast cells. Old yellow enzyme [EC 1.6.99.1], D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.49], and catalase were isolated and crystallized separate... | 41,838 | [
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0.2... |
Transmitter mediated arginine vasopressin release from superfused hypothalamus and pituitary gland. | The study was designed to investigate the effect of various neurotransmitters on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to determine the sites of their action. Superfused isolated rat hypothalami and pituitary glands demonstrated basal secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and repeated response to stimulation thus show... | 41,869 | [
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... |
The longevity and hatchability of Philophthalmus megalurus and P. gralli miracidia in different environmental conditions. | The effects of salinity, pH, and temperature on the longevity and hatchability of miracidia of Philophthalmus megalurus and P. gralli were determined. Miracidia of both species are able to hatch and survive at saline concentrations much above physiological levels, although these processes are reduced in 2.0--2.4% salin... | 41,894 | [
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0.0... |
Prostaglandin E-2-9-ketoreductase in ovarian tissues. | The existence of the enzyme prostaglandin E-2-9-ketoreductase which can convert prostaglandin E-2 to prostaglandin F-2 alpha was indicated in experiments with pig and human ovarian tissues in vitro, using radioimmunoassay methods and a superfusion technique. Further studies involving radiotracer techniques demonstrated... | 41,947 | [
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0.434... |
"Fingerprinting" beta-haemolytic streptococci by their production of and sensitivity to bacteriocine-like inhibitors. | A scheme for the "fingerprinting" of streptococci according to their production of (P typing) and sensitivity to (S typing) bacteriocine-like inhibitory substances has been developed. P typing of 450 beta-haemolytic streptococci by their action on a set of nine standard indicator strains revealed that 80% of strains pr... | 41,951 | [
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0.1810918,
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Fatty metaplasia in a postpubertal undescended testis: a case report. | The first case of intratesticular fatty metaplasia in a postpubertal undescended testis is presented. Its differential diagnosis and etiology are discussed briefly. | 41,954 | [
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... |
alpha-Glucosidase in Pompe's disease. | Isoelectric precipitation at pH 5.0 and the use of the inhibitors, turanose, maltose and citrate, enabled the diagnosis of Pompe's disease to be made in dextran-isolated leucocytes using 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate. These techniques were unnecessary with lymphocytes as the deficiency of ac... | 41,974 | [
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... |
Diagnosis and management of fetal distress. | Both biophysical and biochemical techniques may be used to diagnose fetal distress. Fetal heart rate monitoring should be thought of as a screening technique to define a population at significant risk for fetal acidosis. The addition of fetal scalp blood sampling improves the clinician's diagnostic accuracy. The hallma... | 41,983 | [
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Evolution of enzyme structure. | Three-dimensional structures of enzymes offer evidence about their evolution. There are clear examples of divergent families (e.g. mammalian serine proteases) and convergence (e.g. chymotrypsin and subtilisin). Topological similarities in dehydrogenases may reflect an ancient divergence or merely chemical constraints o... | 42,054 | [
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The evolution of genetic diversity. | The existence within natural populations of large amounts of genetic variation in molecules and morphology presents an evolutionary problem. The 'neutralist' solution to this problem, that the variation is usually unimportant to the organism displaying it, has now lost much of its strength. Interpretations that assume ... | 42,055 | [
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... |
[Organoleptic and biochemical changes in beef during refrigeration and storage]. | Studies were carried out on the changes taking place in the organoleptic properties and the pH values of m. longissimus dorsi of carcass quarters of cattle, subjected to various ways of chilling and storage. It was found that in quickly chilled beef (immediately following slaughter) the processes of ripening were very ... | 42,194 | [
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0.3632546,
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0... |
The effect of retinol (vitamin A) on human lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin. An ultrastructural study. | Retinol (Vitamin A) has been found to inhibit the stimulation of lymphocytes by certain mitogens. The ultrastructural morphology of phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes exposed to retinol 10 microgram/ml and 20 microgram/ml show that disaggregation of polyribosomes and formation of autophagic vacuoles ensue in th... | 42,208 | [
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... |
[Effect of neurotoxins on mediator release from the motor nerve endings of the Drosophila melanogaster larva]. | Spontaneous miniature junctional potentials and induced by motor nerve stimulation junctional potentials were recorded in muscle fibres of the third instar Drosophila larvae. Presynaptically active neurotoxins isolated from the snake venoms (beta-bungarotoxin 4.5 x 10(-7) M, notexin and notechis-II-51 X 10(-7) M, Croto... | 42,240 | [
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NADPH-dependent electron transport chain in microsomes and lipid peroxidation catalyzed by metal ions. | Like iron ions copper ions are also able to stimulate the NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. This effect is strongly dependent on the concentration of Cu2+ added. Initial concentrations of Cu2+ above 50 microM completely inhibit the formation of malonaldehyde. The activator and inhibitor functi... | 42,249 | [
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Properties of influenzavirus nucleocapsids in nonpermissive cells. | The properties of fowl plague virus (Influenzavirus A) nucleocapsids isolated from the cytoplasm of infected Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and chick embryo cells were compared. Nucleocapsids isolated from both systems possessed similar polypeptides (P and NP) but differed in their biophysical characteristics. Nucleoc... | 42,293 | [
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Isolation and characterization of influenza A viruses from wild ducks in northern Japan: appearance of HSW1 antigens in the Japanese duck population. | Twenty-six influenza A viruses were isolated from cloacal and tracheal samples of 235 resident and 396 migratory ducks in Miyagi prefecture, Japan, in 1977--78. Of these, twelve were antigenically related to the avian-origin HSW1 virus, A/duck/Alberta/35/76 (HSW1N1), but their neuraminidase antigens were characterized ... | 42,296 | [
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Effect of incubation temperature on infectivity titration of mouse brain-passaged avian infectious bronchitis virus in laboratory host systems. | Mouse brain-passaged infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) could not be assayed for its infectivity at 39.5 degrees C, but could be so at 37 degrees C and 39.5 degrees C. Antigen accumulation was not detected by immunofluorescence in CEK cells infected with mouse brain-passaged IBV at 39.5 degrees C, perhaps due to the dif... | 42,299 | [
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0.027... |
Hemoglobin Cowtown (beta 146 HC3 His-Leu): a mutant with high oxygen affinity and erythrocytosis. | A new mutant, hemoglobin Cowtown, has been found in a white man and his father, both of whom have erythrocytosis. The father had previously been treated with 32P for polycythemia vera. The abnormal hemoglobin is not detectable on electrophoresis in alkaline buffers, but it resolves distinctively on electrophoresis in c... | 42,311 | [
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0.1311757,
0.3736326,
-0.2205852... |
pH modification of the effects of detergents on the stability of enteric viruses. | The effect of detergents on the stability of enteric viruses was found to be highly dependent on pH. This was demonstrated primarily with two ionic detergents, sodium dodecyl sulfate (an anionic detergent) and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (a cationic detergent). Both detergents were shown to be potent virucidal ag... | 42,351 | [
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0.1105861,
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[Epidemiology of measles (author's transl)]. | A detailed analysis of epidemiology of measles in pre-vaccinal era is reported for both isolated, underdeveloped and developed populations, together with the most recent knowledge on epidemiological changes tooking place in those countries which introduced large-scale vaccination with live, further attenuated measles v... | 42,364 | [
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0.08634795,
0.214067,
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0.1286107,
0.2669153,
0.0953371,
0.5738598,
0.2267124,
-0.2258973,
... |
Stimulation of phosphatidylinositol turnover in various tissues by cholinergic and adrenergic agonists, by histamine and by caerulein. | Studies are reported of the biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol metabolism that is produced in appropriate target tissues by stimulation of various receptors that use Ca(2+) as their second messenger. (1) Muscarinic cholinergic and alpha-adrenergic phosphatidylinos... | 42,389 | [
0.04581933,
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0.1346444,
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A study of the plasma concentrations of lorazepam in mother and neonate. | A standard dose of lorazepam 2.5 mg was given i.v. to two groups of mothers: (a) before surgical induction of labour and (b) at the beginning of the second stage of labour. A group of non-pregnant women was studied as control. Plasma concentrations of lorazepam were measured by gas-liquid chromatography, in the mothers... | 42,422 | [
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... |
Stability of phage T4 lysozymes. II. Unfolding with guanidinium chloride. | The denaturation by guanidinium chloride of three phage lysozymes (wild type and two mutants) was investigated. The study of solvent denaturation permitted the investigation of the relative stabilities of the proteins at neutral pH, in contrast to thermal denaturation studies reported earlier which could only be perfor... | 42,444 | [
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0.1365242,
0.1656198,
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-0.1353761... |
Effects of microiontophoretically applied flurazepam on responses of cerebral cortical neurones to putative neurotransmitters. | Utilizing standard microiontophoretic techniques and recording extracellularly in cats, we studied the effects of flurazepam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, on the spike activity of single cerebral neurones and its interactions with several excitatory and inhibitory putative neurotransmitters. Large iontophoretic dose... | 42,477 | [
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0.1007756,
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0.1312379,
0.11254... |
Capillary filtration coefficient: the technique and its application to the small intestine. | In this review, we discuss the physiological basis of the capillary filtration coefficient (Kf,c), and its measurement in the small intestine. First the various techniques by which Kf,c can be measured are discussed and assessed; the second part of the review considers the volumetric method of determining Kf,c in more ... | 42,491 | [
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[Comparison of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities in the roots and aerial organs of an obligate halophyte: Suaeda maritima var. macrocarpa and a glycophyte: Phaseolus vulgaris, grown in presence of different concentration of NaCl]. | The glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities of an obligate halophyte, Suaeda maritima var. macrocarpa and a glycophyte. Phaseolus vulgaris are compared in function of salinity (increasing concentrations of NaCl) of the culturing solution. In culture, addition of NaCl stimulates glutamine synthetase ... | 42,495 | [
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0.0893392,
0.01876177,
0.3894005,
0.3440718,
-0.07347742... |
The effect of pentobarbitone on plasma and intracellular sodium, potassium and pH in rabbit cardiac and skeletal muscle. | 1. Pentobarbitone anaesthesia, in rabbits, produces (i) hypokalaemia, (ii) increased intracellular potassium and reduced intracellular sodium in cardiac and skeletal muscle. 2. These changes suggest that the hypokalaemia which accompanies anaesthesia results from movement of potassium between the extracellular and intr... | 42,507 | [
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0.1359114,
0.1816435,
0.1264036,
0.16202... |
Crystallization and properties of cathepsin B from rat liver. | Cathepsin B from rat liver was purified to apparent homogeneity by cell-fractionation, freezing and thawing, acetone treatment, gel filtration, DEAE-Sephadex and CM-Sephadex column chromatography, and was crystallized. The purified enzyme formed spindle-shaped crystals and its homogeneity was proved by disc gel electro... | 42,540 | [
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0.... |
Presynaptic noradrenergic alpha-receptors and modulation of 3H-noradrenaline release from rat brain synaptosomes. | The depolarization (15 mM K+)-induced release of 3H-NA from superfused rat brain synaptosomes and the effects of alpha-noradrenergic drugs thereon were studied. Noradrenaline (NA; in the presence of the uptake inhibitor desipramine) reduced synaptosomal 3H-NA release. Reduction of the concentration of calcium ions in t... | 42,548 | [
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0.1048828,
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0.210806,
0.1142949,
... |
Antihypertensive and cardiac effects of two novel beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. | Two new beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs with acute antihypertensive and positive inotropic effects are described: Compound A (2-[4-(3-tert.butylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-4-trifluoromethylimidazole) and MK-761 (2-(3-tert.butylamine-2-hydroxypropoxy)-3-cyanopyridine hydrochloride). In SH rats both compounds, given ... | 42,553 | [
-0.2996779,
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0.... |
Increased release of tumour cells by collagenase at acid pH: a possible mechanism for metastasis. | The ability of collagenase to disaggregate a solid metastasizing lymphosarcoma has been shown to considerably increase with reducing environmental pH. It is suggested that this effect may be operating in vivo to release cells from a primary tumour. | 42,555 | [
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0.2800125,
0.02093251,
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[Effect of vasocative substances on resistance and capacitance vessels under high altitude conditions]. | In cats, i.a. administration of adrenaline (10 microgram), serotonin (30 microgram), and acetylcholine (10 microgram) on the 3rd, 15th, and 30th days of animals stay at 3200 m altitude induced different vasomotor responses in precapillary and postcapillary portions of intestine vascular net during different periods of ... | 42,566 | [
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0.1435945,
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0.1585204,
0.041648... |
Modification of response of mouse neuroblastoma cells in culture by serum type. | The effect of various types of serum on morphological and biochemical changes in mouse neuroblastoma cells (clone NBP2) in culture was studied. The extent of spontaneous morphological differentiation varied markedly depending upon the type of serum and was maximal in agammaglobulin calf serum (CS). The extent of morpho... | 42,611 | [
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0.03485116,
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... |
Solid phase synthesis of the protected 27--42 hexadecapeptide of the heavy chain from myeloma immunoglobulin M603. Elimination of side reactions associated with glycyl-2-oxypropionyl-resin. | A fully protected 27--42 hexadecapeptide of the variable region of myeloma immunoglobulin M603 was synthesized on a 2-bromopropionyl-resin by the solid phase method. Side reactions due to cyclization of glycyl-2-oxypropionyl-resin were studied under different reaction conditions. The loss of peptide chains at the dipep... | 42,624 | [
-0.2525093,
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0.3163213,
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0.1308675,
0.6505231,
0.05486369,
-0.06596877... |
Effects on learning and memory of 2-week treatments with chlordiazepoxide lactam, N-desmethyldiazepam, oxazepam and methyloxazepam, alone or in combination with alcohol. | A double-blind study with 40 healthy students was done in order to measure the effects of a 2-week treatment with chloridiazepoxide lactam (5 mg), nordiazepam (10 mg), oxazepam (15 mg) and methyloxazepam (20 mg) on immediate memory and associative learning. The drugs were administered t.i.d. and the tests were done aft... | 42,628 | [
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0.1543613,
0.... |
Isolation and properties of the protease from the wild-type and mutant strains of Pseudomonas fragi. | A simplified procedure for the purification of the extracellular protease of Pseudomonas fragi was developed. The enzyme was isolated from a derepressed mutant producing 40 times the enzyme level of the parental organism. It was collected from culture filtrates by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and it was obtained in ... | 42,639 | [
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0.06318766,
0.2586868,
0.2815537,
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... |
Preparation and characterization of an active lysozyme derivative: Kyn 62-lysozyme. | A novel method for the preparation of Kyn 62-lysozyme, in which tryptophan 62 is replaced by kynurenine, is reported. Hen egg-white lysozyme was ozonized in aqueous solution to yield one N'-formylkynurenine residue and deformylated with hydrochloric acid in frozen solution at -10 degrees C. Crude Kyn 62-lysozyme was pu... | 42,644 | [
0.235207,
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0.0464519,
0.3371185,
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0.1168... |
Anatomy and ultrastructure of the axons and terminals of neurons R3-R14 in Aplysia. | Using light and electron microscopy and autoradiography, we have traced the axons of neurons R3-R14 in the parietovisceral ganglion (PVG) of Aplysia to terminal fields associated with vascular tissue. The axons are identified by their large size (15-30 micrometer diameter), extensive glial infolding, characteristic den... | 42,652 | [
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0.4429929,
0.2606264,
0.4087322,
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... |
Cleavage of thiamine by chlorine in tap water. | We have clarified that thiamine is cleaved by residual chlorine in proportion to the rise in temperature, pH and concentration of residual chlorine. When rice was boiled in an electric rice cooker, the thiamine in the rice was cleaved by residual chlorine. It is assumed that thiamine is cleaved into hydroxymethylpyrimi... | 42,668 | [
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0.2338997,
0.1181567,
0.319681,
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Effects of handling stress on plasma enzymes in harp seals, Phoca groenlandica. | Three harp seal pups, Phoca groenlandica, were captured on the ice of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and subjected to 3 h of transportation and handling stress. The activities of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT), aldolase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and leucine aminopept... | 42,815 | [
0.06764609,
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[Bone marrow transplantation in severe aplastic anemia and acute leukemia]. | Much progress has been made in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and acute leukemia (AL). In SAA it was shown that hemopoietic chimerism and apparently permanent cures can be achieved in the majority of patients by conditioning with cyclophosphamide followed by bone marrow transpla... | 42,865 | [
-0.005868268,
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0.4923392,
0.2883492,
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-0... |
[Influences of different anaesthetic techniques on serum levels of hepatic enzymes and of bilirubin (author's transl)]. | The influence of four different types of anaesthesia -- halothane and enflurane inhalation anaestheis, neurolept analgesia and epidural analgesia with single shot technique -- on the serum levels of GOT, GPT, GLDH, LDH, AP, LAP, gamma-GT, total protein and bilirubin was examined in 104 comparable cases undergoing gynae... | 42,895 | [
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0.3483227,
0.2927459,
0.3226513,
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0.... |
Structural order of lipids and proteins in membranes: evaluation of fluorescence anisotropy data. | The limiting long-time value of fluorescence anisotropy in membranes is correlated with the orientational order parameter, which characterizes the structural anisotropy of membranes. Existing experimental results for diphenylhexatriene in lipid bilayers are evaluated for the order parameter of lipid order. Steady-state... | 42,914 | [
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0... |
Effects of D- and L- enantiomers of adenosine, AMP and ADP and their 2-chloro- and 2-azido- analogues on human platelets. | Aggregation of human platelets by ADP and the inhibition of this effect by adenosine are apparently mediated by different receptors. One of the criteria for receptors is that they show stereospecificity for their ligands. We have synthesized L-enantiomers of D-adenosine, AMP and ADP, together with their corresponding p... | 42,919 | [
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0.2612903,
0.5244871,
0.09930572,
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0.06... |
Membrane potential and ion concentration stability conditions for a cell with a restricted extracellular space. | For an isolated membrane, the resting (zero current) potential is stable is the slope conductance is positive, and is unstable if the slope conductance is negative. Recent work suggests that the properties of many preparations are influenced by the presence of an extracellular space that is not in good diffusive contac... | 42,920 | [
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0.07430781,
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0.04220549,
0.1632379... |
Effect of beta-adrenergic drugs on plasma glucose and glucagon in Japanese quail: a preliminary report. | The present study was conducted to determine the effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation on plasma glucose and glucagon (IRG) levels in Japanese quail. Isoproterenol, epinephrine and three relatively selective beta-adrenoceptor agonists (terbutaline, salbutamol and reproterol) produced dose-related hyperglycemia and hyp... | 42,957 | [
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0.2146925,
0.3486554,
0.11... |
[Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with cutaneous lesions and deafness following periarteritis nodosa (author's transl)]. | A case is reported of a 49 years-old man who presented with cutaneous and muscular manifestations revealing periarteritis nodosa. Two years after detection of this disease occured a preleukemic condition and four years later a chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is discovered. In clinical course appeared a tuberous infiltrat... | 42,979 | [
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0.1190357,
0.0739822,
0.1334357,
0.09866312,
0.2322517,
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-0.1186701,
-0.09662054,
-0.1366465,
0.3094571,
0.4292139,
-0.2638839,
-0.07231098,... |
Diffuse glomerulosclerosis--a dysfunction of the mesangium? A morphometric study of the rat's kidney. | The phagocytic capacity of the glomerular mesangial cells in 42 rats was inhibited by the prolonged injection of PVA. Morphometric evaluation of electron microscopic sections showed that this treatment leads to an accelerated thickening of the lamina densa of the glomerular basement membrane and of the mesangial matrix... | 43,014 | [
0.03973793,
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0.1802293,
0.2472062,
0.1774242,
0.2444442,
0.2698744,
0.05749734,
0... |
Stereological study of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex and secretory granules in the B-cells of normal and alloxan-treated mice. | Different B-cell organelles (lamellar and vesicular endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, whole secretory granules and secretory granule cores) were studied stereologically in pancreatic islets from control mice and mice killed 10 or 60 min following alloxan injection. Ten min following alloxan a significant decrease w... | 43,017 | [
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0.1978635,
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The calcium selective electrode--a possible tool in dental research. | Ion selective potentiometry is widely used for analytical purposes in biologic research. The Ca selective electrode offers an inexpensive and easily handled means for studying ionized calcium. It does not affect the process studied, and may, for example, combined with an automatic recorder, give running information on ... | 43,066 | [
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... |
Effects on fetal breathing movements of maternal challenges. Cross-over study on dynamic work, static work, passive movements, hyperventilation and hyperoxygenation. | Ten women in the last trimester of a normal pregnancy were subjected to five different loads in a cross-over study. Fetal breathing movements (FBM), fetal heart rate (FHR), maternal heart rate (MHR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), maternal transcutaneously measured pO2 (Tc-pO2), and the energy supply to the Tc-pO2 e... | 43,068 | [
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In vivo negative staining of the midgut continuous junction in the mosquito, Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae). | The midguts of female mosquitoes, Culex tarsalis, were examined electron microscopically during the digestion of a meal from either artificial sources (i.e., 100% serum or defibrinated rabbit blood) or vertebrate hosts. Intense intercellular staining was apparent when the meal was derived from the vertebrate host or de... | 43,090 | [
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Methanol precipitation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | Methanol precipitation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus was tested at Ph 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 and at methanol concentrations of 15%, 25%, and 30%. Supernatant and precipitate fractions were tested for complement-fixing and agar-diffusion soluble antigens and plaque-forming units, and were examined by electron m... | 43,107 | [
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Partial trisomy 22q with elevated arylsulfatase-A activity. | A two years-old, severely mentally retarded male is reported with 22q trisomy. After the recent confirmation of the localisation of arylsulfatase-A (ARSA) on chromosome 22, the elevated activity of this enzyme (about 1,5 times the normal values) in the present patient may be another example of a gene dosage effect in a... | 43,111 | [
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0.2005069,
0.09143924,
... |
Haemoglobin from the tadpole shrimp, Lepidurus apus lubbocki Characterization of the molecule and determination of the number of polypeptide chains. | Haemoglobin from the tadpole shrimp, Lepidurus apus lubbocki, was found to have a sedimentation coefficient (s020,w) of 19.3 +/- 0.2 S and a molecular weight, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium, of 798000 +/- 20000. The amino acid composition showed the lack of cysteine and cystine residues. A haem content of 3... | 43,134 | [
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0.00209259... |
Linked transport of phosphate, potassium ions and protons in Escherichia coli. | Pi entry into Escherichia coli cells through either of the two Pi-transport systems (Pit or Pst) prompts the influx of K+ and H+ in a ratio that depends on the external pH. The entry of Pi is absolutely dependent on the presence of K+, and the entry of K+ is equally dependent on the presence of Pi. Experiments with a n... | 43,137 | [
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0.478742,
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The stimulus--secretion coupling 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate-induced insulin release. | 1. Pancreatic islet insulin secretion and 45Ca uptake showed similar responses to variation in the extracellular concentration of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate with a threshold at 4 mM and a maximal response at a 25 mM concentration. 2. Islet respiration, acetoacetate production and rates of substrate utilization, oxidation... | 43,144 | [
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... |
Cardiovascular dynamics after acute and long-term alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor blockade at rest, supine and standing, and during exercise. | 1 After acute intravenous administration labetalol reduced mean values for BP, total peripheral resistance, heart rate and cardiac output. All changes were more pronounced during bicycle exercise. 2 After a mean duration of 20 months' treatment with oral labetalol the haemodynamic findings were broadly similar except f... | 43,162 | [
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[Porta-biliary area modifications during the graft-versus-host reaction in chick embryo and rat fetus]. | Our results (light and electron microscopic study) show that both in chick embryos engrafted with fowl homologous spleen cells and in rat fetuses receiving blood cells from their own mother (homologous system) histologic changes occur in porta-biliary areas consisting in paravascular infiltrates (P.V.I.), bile ducts di... | 43,189 | [
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Biotransformation of furosemide in patients with acute pulmonary edema. | Furosemide (20-80 mg) was administered iv over 5 min to 16 patients with the diagnosis of acute pulmonary edema due to left heart failure. Serum and urine samples collected during the 24 hr after administration were assayed for furosemide and its biotransformation products by gas-liquid chromatography. A biexponential ... | 43,224 | [
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0.1473444,
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... |
Adaptive changes in the responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to catecholamines. | Exposure of the intact astrocytoma cell to isoproterenol not only causes the activation of adenylate cyclase and the accumulation of cyclic AMP but sets in motion a complicated series of events designed to down-regulate the system if exposure to the agonist is extended in time. We have identified at least three of thes... | 43,242 | [
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... |
Therapy of cluster headache with histamine H1 and H2 receptor antagonists. | Treatment with the histamine H2 receptor antagonist, cimetidine, alone and/or in combination with the histamine H1 receptor antagonist, chlorpyramine, in 13 patients showed that cimetidine alone was ineffective. 7 of 9 patients taking the combination of H1 and H2 receptor antagonists responded well to the treatment; in... | 43,254 | [
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Correlation of cholesterol and bilirubin solubilization in bile salt solution. | Not only cholesterol but also bilirubin were considered to be solubilized by bile salt micelles. The correlation of cholesterol and bilirubin solubilization in aqueous conjugated and unconjugated bile salts solution and the effect of calcium on their solubilization were studied in this report. Cholesterol solubilizatio... | 43,271 | [
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... |
Immunocytochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase in the adrenal glands of the frog and rat by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. | The subcellular localizations of tryrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in the adrenal glands of the frog and rat have been examined by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. TH was localized in the ground substance of the adrenaline-containing c... | 43,302 | [
0.03948203,
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Experimental otitis media in chinchillas following nasal colonization with type 7F Streptococcus pneumoniae: prevention after vaccination with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide. | Chinchillas were colonized intranasally with type 7F Streptococcus pneumoniae, and pneumococcal otitis media developed in greater than 50% of the animals during the first week after negative middle ear pressure (-25 mm Hg) was briefly applied. Twenty-three chinchillas were vaccinated subcutaneously with the capsular po... | 43,345 | [
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0.3003104,
-0.0297806,
0.04... |
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