[ { "id": "0", "type": "gene", "text": "Physical mapping 220 kb centromeric of the human MHC and DNA sequence analysis of the 43 - kb segment including the RING1 , HKE6 , and HKE4 genes .", "entities": [ "human MHC", "RING1", "HKE6", "HKE4 genes" ] }, { "id": "2", "type": "gene", "text": "DNA elements recognizing NF - Y and Sp1 regulate the human multidrug - resistance gene promoter .", "entities": [ "NF - Y", "Sp1", "human multidrug - resistance gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "3", "type": "gene", "text": "Radioimmunoassay of plasma gonadotropins ; problems of specificity", "entities": [ "plasma gonadotropins" ] }, { "id": "5", "type": "gene", "text": "As tat itself dramatically increases HIV - 1 gene expression , it too is presumably regulated in the latent state , and may also be activated by mitogenic stimulation .", "entities": [ "tat" ] }, { "id": "6", "type": "gene", "text": "To clarify the difference , both the Crk II and Crk II - 23 , proteins were expressed in E . coli and examined their binding capacity in vitro .", "entities": [ "Crk II", "Crk II - 23" ] }, { "id": "8", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , in V . furnissii , the E . coli manX equivalent comprises two genes , which are separated in the genome by two other genes of the ptsM complex .", "entities": [ "E . coli manX equivalent", "ptsM complex" ] }, { "id": "9", "type": "gene", "text": "Id - 1H and Id - 2H seem to be human homologues of mouse Id - 1 and Id - 2 , respectively , and have potential to encode 154 and 135 amino acid proteins .", "entities": [ "Id - 1H", "Id - 2H", "mouse Id - 1", "Id - 2" ] }, { "id": "10", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of insertion mutations in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH1 and MSH2 genes : evidence for separate mitochondrial and nuclear functions .", "entities": [ "Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH1", "MSH2 genes" ] }, { "id": "11", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcription of FN promoter - chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion genes carrying the base substitution in one or more of these G - rich sequences both in vivo and in vitro revealed that the base substitution in any G - rich sequence results in reduction of promoter activity , although the downstream GC box ( GCd ) plays a primary role .", "entities": [ "FN promoter", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "13", "type": "gene", "text": "A GT - rich sequence binding the transcription factor Sp1 is crucial for high expression of the human type VII collagen gene ( COL7A1 ) in fibroblasts and keratinocytes .", "entities": [ "transcription factor Sp1", "human type VII collagen gene", "COL7A1" ] }, { "id": "15", "type": "gene", "text": "The XPR2 gene from Yarrowia lipolytica encodes an inducible alkaline extracellular protease .", "entities": [ "XPR2 gene", "alkaline extracellular protease" ] }, { "id": "17", "type": "gene", "text": "It was found that Nopp140 binds primarily to the CK2 regulatory subunit , beta .", "entities": [ "Nopp140", "CK2 regulatory subunit , beta" ] }, { "id": "19", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous analysis of this motif in the lactose permease ( A .", "entities": [ "lactose permease" ] }, { "id": "21", "type": "gene", "text": "Like other IAPs , ch - IAP1 contains the N - terminal baculovirus IAP repeats and C - terminal RING finger motifs .", "entities": [ "IAPs", "ch - IAP1", "N - terminal baculovirus IAP repeats" ] }, { "id": "22", "type": "gene", "text": "Effects of long - term use of raloxifene , a selective estrogen receptor modulator , on thyroid function test profiles .", "entities": [ "estrogen receptor" ] }, { "id": "24", "type": "gene", "text": "Alternative splicing of the human serotonin transporter gene .", "entities": [ "human serotonin transporter gene" ] }, { "id": "25", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , basal MAPK , but not Raf - 1 , activity was constitutively enhanced in Jak1 - deficient HeLa cells .", "entities": [ "MAPK", "Raf - 1", "Jak1" ] }, { "id": "35", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , primate vs . rodent promoter selectivity mediated by the TBP - TAFI complex is likely to be the result of cumulative subtle differences between individual subunits that lead to species - specific properties of RNA polymerase I transcription .", "entities": [ "TBP", "TAFI", "RNA polymerase I" ] }, { "id": "38", "type": "gene", "text": "In this reconstituted system , RNAP IIA , but not RNAP IIB , can transcribe from the DHFR promoter .", "entities": [ "RNAP IIA", "RNAP IIB", "DHFR promoter" ] }, { "id": "39", "type": "gene", "text": "The cDNA clones encode a polypeptide of 657 amino acids with a bHLH ( basic - helix - loop - helix ) domain , characteristic of a large family of transcription factors , and a PAS ( Per - Arnt - Sim ) domain in the amino - terminal half region .", "entities": [ "PAS", "Per", "Arnt", "Sim" ] }, { "id": "42", "type": "gene", "text": "Synergy between interferon - gamma and tumor necrosis factor - alpha in transcriptional activation is mediated by cooperation between signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and nuclear factor kappaB .", "entities": [ "interferon - gamma", "tumor necrosis factor - alpha", "signal transducer and activator of transcription 1", "nuclear factor kappaB" ] }, { "id": "43", "type": "gene", "text": "1H and 15N magnetic resonance assignments , secondary structure , and tertiary fold of Escherichia coli DnaJ ( 1 - 78 ) .", "entities": [ "Escherichia coli DnaJ ( 1 - 78 )" ] }, { "id": "44", "type": "gene", "text": "A cDNA for human microfibril - associated glycoprotein - 2 ( MAGP - 2 ) was used to screen a human leukocyte genomic DNA library in EMBL - 3 vector .", "entities": [ "human microfibril - associated glycoprotein - 2", "MAGP - 2" ] }, { "id": "45", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , ERK phosphorylation was substantially prolonged in LC / BRY - treated cells compared to those exposed to BRY alone , and pretreatment with the highly specific MEK inhibitors , PD98059 , U0126 , and SL327 , opposed ERK activation while protecting cells from LC / BRY - induced lethality .", "entities": [ "ERK", "MEK", "ERK" ] }, { "id": "46", "type": "gene", "text": "The cholesterol 7alpha - hydroxylase gene ( CYP7A ) is transcriptionally regulated by a number of factors , including hormones , bile acids , and diurnal rhythm .", "entities": [ "cholesterol 7alpha - hydroxylase gene", "CYP7A" ] }, { "id": "52", "type": "gene", "text": "A Meis1 cDNA clone that encoded a novel member of the homeobox gene family was identified .", "entities": [ "Meis1 cDNA", "homeobox gene family" ] }, { "id": "53", "type": "gene", "text": "The S . typhimurium aspartyl / asparaginyl beta - hydroxylase homologue ( designated lpxO ) was cloned into pBluescriptSK and expressed in Escherichia coli K - 12 , which does not contain lpxO .", "entities": [ "S . typhimurium aspartyl / asparaginyl beta - hydroxylase homologue", "lpxO", "lpxO" ] }, { "id": "54", "type": "gene", "text": "The levels of soluble L - selectin and ICAM - 1 in the serum were determined by the ELISA method .", "entities": [ "L - selectin", "ICAM - 1" ] }, { "id": "55", "type": "gene", "text": "The highest TTX content is 10 . 0 microg / g in N . livescens .", "entities": [ "TTX" ] }, { "id": "57", "type": "gene", "text": "Glutathione reductase activities in liver , kidney , lung , and brain were not affected by diet .", "entities": [ "Glutathione reductase" ] }, { "id": "58", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we describe the nucleotide ( nt ) sequence and genomic organization of ipiB and ipiO .", "entities": [ "ipiB", "ipiO" ] }, { "id": "60", "type": "gene", "text": "Soluble fibrin monomer complexes in thromboembolism", "entities": [ "fibrin" ] }, { "id": "61", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison to the murine homologues of these molecules reveals a high degree of conservation between the products of one of these genes , Fc gamma RIIb , and the murine beta gene in primary sequence , splicing pattern , and tissue distribution .", "entities": [ "Fc gamma RIIb", "murine beta gene" ] }, { "id": "67", "type": "gene", "text": "EMT was localized to chromosome 5q31 - 32 , a region that contains the genes for several growth factors and receptors as well as early activation genes , particularly those involved in the hematopoietic system .", "entities": [ "EMT" ] }, { "id": "68", "type": "gene", "text": "Tbx6 maps to chromosome 7 and does not appear to be linked to any known mutation .", "entities": [ "Tbx6" ] }, { "id": "71", "type": "gene", "text": "Importin beta mediates nuclear translocation of Smad 3 .", "entities": [ "Importin beta", "Smad 3" ] }, { "id": "72", "type": "gene", "text": "The encoded protein contains an amino terminal PDZ domain , followed by a predicted coiled - coil region , a PEST domain , and a carboxy - terminal SAM domain .", "entities": [ "PDZ" ] }, { "id": "75", "type": "gene", "text": "Several studies have demonstrated that the corticotropin - releasing factor test ( CRF ) is useful for the aetiological diagnosis of Cushing ' s syndrome : in Cushing ' s disease , as opposed to ectopic ACTH secretion syndrome , the hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal ( HPA ) axis can still be stimulated by CRF .", "entities": [ "corticotropin - releasing factor", "CRF", "ACTH", "CRF" ] }, { "id": "77", "type": "gene", "text": "The results of the transient - transfection assay showed that the Sp1 binding element located in the core region ( positions - - 64 to + 1 ) of the alpha2 - integrin promoter plays an essential role in the alpha2 - integrin promoter activity and its downregulation by Erb - B2 .", "entities": [ "Sp1 binding element", "alpha2 - integrin promoter", "alpha2 - integrin promoter", "Erb", "B2" ] }, { "id": "79", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of FNCAT increased on serum treatment indicating that the region of the FN gene between positions + 69 and - 510 bp mediated serum responsiveness .", "entities": [ "FNCAT", "FN gene" ] }, { "id": "80", "type": "gene", "text": "Interaction of the v - rel protein with an NF - kappa B DNA binding site .", "entities": [ "v - rel protein", "NF - kappa B DNA binding site" ] }, { "id": "83", "type": "gene", "text": "To test this hypothesis , we developed a system of transient transfection of rat adipocytes with constructs containing glyceraldehyde - 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH ) and fatty acid synthetase ( FAS ) promoters fused to gene reporter CAT .", "entities": [ "glyceraldehyde - 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase", "GAPDH", "fatty acid synthetase", "FAS", "gene reporter CAT" ] }, { "id": "85", "type": "gene", "text": "SHBG concentrations in women were also significantly higher at T - 2 and T - 3 when compared to T - 1 values .", "entities": [ "SHBG" ] }, { "id": "86", "type": "gene", "text": "Simvastatin decreased levels of total cholesterol by 20 . 8 % , LDL cholesterol by 29 . 7 % , triglycerides by 13 . 6 % , apolipoprotein B by 22 . 4 % , alpha - tocopherol by 16 . 2 % , beta - carotene by 19 . 5 % , and ubiquinol - 10 by 22 . 0 % ( P < . 001 for all ) and increased levels of HDL cholesterol by 7 . 0 % ( P < . 001 ) and serum insulin by 13 . 2 % ( P = . 005 ) .", "entities": [ "LDL cholesterol", "apolipoprotein B", "HDL cholesterol", "serum insulin" ] }, { "id": "87", "type": "gene", "text": "The more severe the CRF , the more likely that total HDL and HDL2 cholesterol will be low .", "entities": [ "HDL", "HDL2 cholesterol" ] }, { "id": "88", "type": "gene", "text": "They are growth - inhibited by TGF - beta1 .", "entities": [ "TGF - beta1" ] }, { "id": "89", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate the in vivo role of this chimeric bZIP protein in oncogenic transformation , its expression was directed to the lymphoid compartments of transgenic mice .", "entities": [ "chimeric bZIP protein" ] }, { "id": "90", "type": "gene", "text": "This is consistent with the need for a nuclear retinoid receptor function in RA - induced ERK2 activation .", "entities": [ "retinoid receptor", "ERK2" ] }, { "id": "91", "type": "gene", "text": "In the virus - infected cells , translation of the M1 protein was reduced to 10 to 20 % of that of the wild - type virus ; however , the translation of neither the nucleoprotein nor NS1 was significantly interfered with , indicating the important role of NS1 in translational stimulation of the M1 protein .", "entities": [ "M1 protein", "NS1", "NS1", "M1 protein" ] }, { "id": "93", "type": "gene", "text": "LT - beta transcription is maximal in the thymic medulla and in splenic white pulp .", "entities": [ "LT - beta" ] }, { "id": "94", "type": "gene", "text": "A novel Cdc42Hs mutant induces cellular transformation .", "entities": [ "Cdc42Hs mutant" ] }, { "id": "95", "type": "gene", "text": "Interactions were also detected between full - length HSF1 and the small subunit ( gamma ) of TFIIA .", "entities": [ "HSF1", "TFIIA" ] }, { "id": "96", "type": "gene", "text": "We report that Nim1 possesses intrinsic serine - kinase , threonine - kinase and tyrosine - kinase activities .", "entities": [ "Nim1", "serine - kinase", "threonine - kinase", "tyrosine - kinase" ] }, { "id": "97", "type": "gene", "text": "A short conserved motif is required for repressor domain function in the myeloid - specific transcription factor CCAAT / enhancer - binding protein epsilon .", "entities": [ "CCAAT / enhancer - binding protein epsilon" ] }, { "id": "99", "type": "gene", "text": "In conclusion , ORCA3 regulates jasmonate - responsive expression of the Str gene via direct interaction with the JERE .", "entities": [ "ORCA3", "Str gene" ] }, { "id": "102", "type": "gene", "text": "ORF3 encodes a putative periplasmic c - type cytochrome with a molecular mass of 94 , 000 Da and contains seven c - heme - binding motifs but shows no sequence homology to occ or ORF1 .", "entities": [ "periplasmic c - type cytochrome", "occ" ] }, { "id": "105", "type": "gene", "text": "BACKGROUND - - Platelet activating factor ( PAF ) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma .", "entities": [ "Platelet activating factor", "PAF" ] }, { "id": "106", "type": "gene", "text": "TFEC RNA is found in many tissues of adult rats , but the relative concentrations of TFEC and TFE3 RNAs vary considerably in these different tissues .", "entities": [ "TFEC RNA", "TFEC", "TFE3 RNAs" ] }, { "id": "107", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results show that unlike the case for sos1 , sos2 gene function is dispensable for normal mouse development , growth , and fertility .", "entities": [ "sos1", "sos2 gene" ] }, { "id": "108", "type": "gene", "text": "Studies of HS2 - gamma gene reporter constructs carrying CACCC box deletions revealed that the CACCC box sequence of the gamma gene promoter mediates the activation of the gamma gene by FKLF .", "entities": [ "HS2 - gamma gene reporter constructs", "FKLF" ] }, { "id": "111", "type": "gene", "text": "First , a GATA - 1 motif was found to bind nuclear factor ( s ) , presumably the GATA - 1 factor , present in K - 562 cell extracts and in living K - 562 cells .", "entities": [ "GATA - 1 motif", "GATA - 1 factor" ] }, { "id": "115", "type": "gene", "text": "This inhibition was due to competition from the EMC virus IRES present in pEP - 2A transcripts , as well as the expression of proteolytically active 2Apro .", "entities": [ "pEP - 2A transcripts", "2Apro" ] }, { "id": "116", "type": "gene", "text": "Some may affect the folding pathway or the affinity for chaperonins .", "entities": [ "chaperonins" ] }, { "id": "119", "type": "gene", "text": "The effect on FIV LTR promoter activity of progressively deleting these nuclear factor binding sites was examined by linking LTR deletion mutants to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) gene .", "entities": [ "FIV LTR promoter", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "120", "type": "gene", "text": "A series of sequence fragments were placed 5 ' to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) reporter gene and ability to mediate transcription of CAT in response to IFN gamma or LPS treatment was studied following transient transfection in the macrophage - like cell line RAW 264 . 7 .", "entities": [ "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT", "CAT", "IFN gamma" ] }, { "id": "122", "type": "gene", "text": "Module 2 of RifA lacks a beta - ketoacyl : acyl carrier protein reductase ( KR ) domain and the one in module 3 has an apparently inactive NADPH binding motif , similar to one found in the Er PKS , while the other eight KR domains of the Rf PKS should be functional .", "entities": [ "RifA", "beta - ketoacyl : acyl carrier protein reductase", "KR", "NADPH binding motif", "Er PKS", "KR domains", "Rf PKS" ] }, { "id": "123", "type": "gene", "text": "In murine cells , FPGS expression is controlled by two promoters that , as we show here , vary substantially in their efficiency , at least in the context of a reporter gene assay .", "entities": [ "FPGS" ] }, { "id": "124", "type": "gene", "text": "Should we use thiazide diuretics in hypertensive patients with non - insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus ?", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "130", "type": "gene", "text": "The GST - CBL - LZIP fusion protein contains a binding site for the SH2 domain of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase , which mapped to Tyr731 , which is present in the sequence YEAM .", "entities": [ "GST", "CBL", "LZIP", "SH2 domain", "p85 subunit", "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "131", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously shown that UNC - 4 expression in the VA motor neurons specifies the wild - type pattern of presynaptic input .", "entities": [ "UNC - 4" ] }, { "id": "132", "type": "gene", "text": "Significant differences were observed in the composition of nuclear transcription factors bound to cis - elements within the LDH / C proximal promoter region in somatic versus germ cells .", "entities": [ "LDH / C proximal promoter region" ] }, { "id": "135", "type": "gene", "text": "It has become clear that there is not one mediator responsible for ALI , but rather a complex interplay exists between diverse proinflammatory ( e . g . , lipopolysaccharide , complement products , cytocains , chemocains , reactive oxygen species and arachidonic acid products ) and anti - inflammatory ( IL - 10 , IL - 1 - RA , PGI2 ) mediators .", "entities": [ "IL - 10", "IL - 1 - RA" ] }, { "id": "138", "type": "gene", "text": "We now show that the FRAP Ser2035 - - > Ala mutant displays similar binding affinity when compared with the wild - type protein , whereas all other mutations at this site , including mimics of phosphoserine , abolish binding , presumably due to either unfavorable steric interactions or induced conformational changes .", "entities": [ "FRAP" ] }, { "id": "139", "type": "gene", "text": "A Brassica cDNA clone encoding a bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase / thiamin - phosphate pyrophosphorylase involved in thiamin biosynthesis .", "entities": [ "hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase", "thiamin - phosphate pyrophosphorylase" ] }, { "id": "140", "type": "gene", "text": "Titres of antistreptolysin O in mothers of children affected with Down ' s syndrome .", "entities": [ "antistreptolysin O" ] }, { "id": "141", "type": "gene", "text": "Differential decay of a polycistronic Escherichia coli transcript is initiated by RNaseE - dependent endonucleolytic processing .", "entities": [ "RNaseE" ] }, { "id": "142", "type": "gene", "text": "Defects in RT6 expression coincide with increased susceptibility in animal models for insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases .", "entities": [ "RT6", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "144", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously described the partial purification of Ap4A hydrolase from S . pombe [ Robinson , de la Pena and Barnes ( 1993 ) Biochim .", "entities": [ "Ap4A hydrolase" ] }, { "id": "146", "type": "gene", "text": "The unc - 101 , sli - 1 , and rok - 1 genes encode a distinct set of negative regulators of vulval differentiation .", "entities": [ "unc - 101", "sli - 1", "rok - 1 genes" ] }, { "id": "148", "type": "gene", "text": "SYC1 ( suppressor of yeast cbf5 - 1 ) was identified as a multicopy suppressor of cbf5 - 1 and subsequently was found to be identical to RRN3 , an RNA polymerase I transcription factor .", "entities": [ "SYC1", "suppressor of yeast cbf5 - 1", "cbf5 - 1", "RRN3", "RNA polymerase I transcription factor" ] }, { "id": "151", "type": "gene", "text": "Both sequence analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed a high degree of sequence ( 97 % homology ) and structural similarity among members of the ART - CH family , indicating their common origin and recent penetration into chicken DNA .", "entities": [ "ART", "CH" ] }, { "id": "154", "type": "gene", "text": "The elevated levels of inositol phosphates resulting from N ( epi ) alpha qQ209L expression were similar to those obtained with carbachol activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor .", "entities": [ "N ( epi ) alpha qQ209L", "M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor" ] }, { "id": "155", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , wild - type and mutated DNA templates were used as probes in DNase I protection experiments to determine sites of protein - DNA interaction .", "entities": [ "DNase I" ] }, { "id": "158", "type": "gene", "text": "RESULTS : BMK - 1 and other 19 contents significantly decreased depolarization parameters Vmax , APA , OS , and MDP , which was similar to that of TTX and different from that of Nim and BaCl2 .", "entities": [ "BMK - 1", "TTX" ] }, { "id": "162", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous work has shown that glucose repression of PRB1 transcription is not mediated by HXK2 or by the SNF1 , SNF4 , and SNF6 genes ( C .", "entities": [ "PRB1", "HXK2", "SNF1", "SNF4", "SNF6 genes" ] }, { "id": "163", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the encoded ERCC3Dm protein with the homologous proteins of mouse and man shows a strong amino acid conservation ( 71 % identity ) , especially in the postulated DNA binding region and seven ' helicase ' domains .", "entities": [ "ERCC3Dm protein", "' helicase ' domains" ] }, { "id": "164", "type": "gene", "text": "The pyridostigmine inhibited AChE recovered only in the 100 mumol kg - 1 kg oxime groups at the end of the experiment .", "entities": [ "AChE" ] }, { "id": "166", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutation of this threonine to isoleucine had no observable effect on either nuclear localization of E1 or DNA replication of the intact viral genome .", "entities": [ "E1" ] }, { "id": "167", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum prolactin and oestradiol levels at different stages of puberty .", "entities": [ "Serum prolactin" ] }, { "id": "171", "type": "gene", "text": "This enzyme is distinct from other known E3s , including E3 alpha / UBR1 , E3 beta , and E6 - AP .", "entities": [ "E3s", "E3 alpha", "UBR1", "E3 beta", "E6 - AP" ] }, { "id": "172", "type": "gene", "text": "This evidence , together with the ability of a carboxyl - terminal coding sequence starting from the BamHI site to complement a shy1 mutant , suggests that the Shy1p contains two domains that can be separately expressed to form a functional protein .", "entities": [ "BamHI site", "shy1 mutant", "Shy1p" ] }, { "id": "173", "type": "gene", "text": "The zinc finger protein A20 is a tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) - and interleukin 1 ( IL - 1 ) - inducible protein that negatively regulates nuclear factor - kappa B ( NF - kappaB ) - dependent gene expression .", "entities": [ "zinc finger protein A20", "tumor necrosis factor", "TNF", "interleukin 1", "IL - 1", "nuclear factor - kappa B", "NF - kappaB" ] }, { "id": "176", "type": "gene", "text": "At least one such complex is eliminated by preincubating the nuclear extract with an antibody with broad cross - reactivity with Ets - 1 and Ets - 2 proteins , thus confirming that an ETS transcription factor ( s ) recognizes the - 12 motif .", "entities": [ "Ets - 1", "Ets - 2 proteins", "ETS transcription factor ( s )" ] }, { "id": "177", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutant beta2 - adrenergic receptors with a Tyr - to - Phe substitution at Tyr - 350 do not display agonist - induced desensitization , Src recruitment , or Src activation .", "entities": [ "beta2 - adrenergic receptors", "Src", "Src" ] }, { "id": "178", "type": "gene", "text": "Role of distinct mitogen - activated protein kinase pathways and cooperation between Ets - 2 , ATF - 2 , and Jun family members in human urokinase - type plasminogen activator gene induction by interleukin - 1 and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate .", "entities": [ "mitogen - activated protein kinase", "Ets - 2", "ATF - 2", "Jun family members", "human urokinase - type plasminogen activator gene", "interleukin - 1" ] }, { "id": "179", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoblot analysis of purified and protease - digested intracellular mature virus ( IMV ) and extracellular enveloped virus ( EEV ) showed that the A36R proteins were present on the surface of EEV with type II membrane topology , but were absent from IMV .", "entities": [ "A36R proteins" ] }, { "id": "184", "type": "gene", "text": "These data may indicate redundancy between members of the NGFI - B / Nurr1 / Nor1 subfamily and could explain why no phenotypic disturbances have yet been found in mice in which the NGFI - B gene has been inactivated .", "entities": [ "NGFI - B", "Nurr1", "Nor1", "NGFI - B gene" ] }, { "id": "186", "type": "gene", "text": "To directly address this issue , we used a tetracycline - regulated system in human U2OS osteosarcoma cells and thus found that BCL6 mediates growth suppression associated with impaired S phase progression and apoptosis .", "entities": [ "BCL6" ] }, { "id": "188", "type": "gene", "text": "Stability of 125 I - labeled insulin used in radioimmunoassay of insulin .", "entities": [ "insulin", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "190", "type": "gene", "text": "Paclitaxel caused a rapid and transient increase in c - Jun NH2 - terminal kinase ( JNK ) activity , a proposed mediator of stress activation pathways .", "entities": [ "c - Jun NH2 - terminal kinase", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "191", "type": "gene", "text": "These results indicate that H - 2RIIBP ( i ) is a member of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors and ( ii ) may regulate not only MHC class I genes but also genes containing the ERE and related sequences .", "entities": [ "H - 2RIIBP", "nuclear hormone receptors", "MHC class I genes" ] }, { "id": "193", "type": "gene", "text": "We show here that Spb1p is able to bind [ ( 3 ) H ] AdoMet in vitro , suggesting that it is a novel methylase , whose possible substrates will be discussed .", "entities": [ "Spb1p" ] }, { "id": "196", "type": "gene", "text": "However , additional studies on cell lines and whole animals are required to understand GnRH signaling in the context of other hormones during the reproductive cycle of mouse and human .", "entities": [ "GnRH" ] }, { "id": "197", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum angiogenin concentrations in young patients with diabetes mellitus .", "entities": [ "Serum angiogenin" ] }, { "id": "198", "type": "gene", "text": "This duplicated genomic region is also linked tightly to D1Z2 , a genetic marker containing a highly polymorphic VNTR ( variable number tandem repeat ) consisting of an unusual 40 - bp reiterated sequence .", "entities": [ "D1Z2" ] }, { "id": "199", "type": "gene", "text": "ATF6 , a basic - leucine zipper protein , was isolated by binding to SRF and in particular to its transcriptional activation domain .", "entities": [ "ATF6", "basic - leucine zipper protein", "SRF" ] }, { "id": "200", "type": "gene", "text": "Cetn1 possesses the sequence features of an expressed retroposon : the gene lacks introns , the open reading frame is not interrupted by stop codons , and the coding region is flanked by a pair of direct repeats .", "entities": [ "Cetn1" ] }, { "id": "201", "type": "gene", "text": "The largest one probably corresponds to the precursor form of PS2 in E . coli .", "entities": [ "PS2" ] }, { "id": "202", "type": "gene", "text": "The Aspergillus uvsH gene encodes a product homologous to yeast RAD18 and Neurospora UVS - 2 .", "entities": [ "Aspergillus uvsH gene", "yeast RAD18", "Neurospora UVS - 2" ] }, { "id": "204", "type": "gene", "text": "VAV and SOCS1 form a protein complex through interactions between the VAV NH ( 2 ) - terminal regulatory region and the SH2 domain of SOCS1 in a phosphotyrosine - independent manner .", "entities": [ "VAV", "SOCS1", "VAV NH ( 2 ) - terminal regulatory region", "SH2 domain", "SOCS1" ] }, { "id": "205", "type": "gene", "text": "The originally embryonic gamma - globin locus duplicated and acquired a novel ( fetal ) pattern of expression in a defined time period ( 55 - 40 million years ago ) during primate phylogeny .", "entities": [ "embryonic gamma - globin locus" ] }, { "id": "207", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis with GPR37 probes revealed a main 3 . 8 - kb mRNA and a less abundant 8 - kb mRNA , both expressed in human brain tissues , particularly in corpus callosum , medulla , putamen , and caudate nucleus .", "entities": [ "GPR37" ] }, { "id": "208", "type": "gene", "text": "Our studies indicate no single trans - acting factor is absolutely essential for enhancer activity , and that the enhancer activity of MerI is mediated via a combinatorial and additive mechanism .", "entities": [ "MerI" ] }, { "id": "209", "type": "gene", "text": "In human WI38 cells , the E1B 19K gene mutant viruses had a substantial growth advantage over the wild - type virus , yielding 500 - fold - higher titers .", "entities": [ "E1B 19K gene mutant" ] }, { "id": "210", "type": "gene", "text": "To elucidate the mechanism of these hormonal effects , we have studied the regulatory regions of the PFK - 2 gene in transfection experiments .", "entities": [ "PFK - 2 gene" ] }, { "id": "211", "type": "gene", "text": "Consequently , during the evolution of mammals , it is the CKbeta4GT - I gene lineage that has been recruited for the biosynthesis of lactose .", "entities": [ "CKbeta4GT - I gene" ] }, { "id": "212", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , disruption of pcr1 reduced expression of fbp1 , a glucose - repressible gene negatively regulated by PKA .", "entities": [ "pcr1", "fbp1", "PKA" ] }, { "id": "213", "type": "gene", "text": "In solution , [ ( 125 ) I ] - labeled ankyrin was found by ND - PAGE3 to enhance the affinity of spectrin self - association by 10 - fold .", "entities": [ "ankyrin", "spectrin" ] }, { "id": "214", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcription analysis of the EcoRI D region of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus identifies an early 4 - kilobase RNA encoding the essential p143 gene .", "entities": [ "EcoRI D region", "p143 gene" ] }, { "id": "217", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , the subcellular location , domain structure , and biochemical function of metaxin were investigated .", "entities": [ "metaxin" ] }, { "id": "220", "type": "gene", "text": "Flux of the paramyxovirus hemagglutinin - neuraminidase glycoprotein through the endoplasmic reticulum activates transcription of the GRP78 - BiP gene .", "entities": [ "hemagglutinin", "neuraminidase", "GRP78", "BiP" ] }, { "id": "221", "type": "gene", "text": "The preference for third base codon in Y position prolines is U for the alpha 2 ( VI ) collagen as it is for the human fibrillar collagen genes .", "entities": [ "alpha 2 ( VI ) collagen", "human fibrillar collagen genes" ] }, { "id": "225", "type": "gene", "text": "Soggy , a spermatocyte - specific gene , lies 3 . 8 kb upstream of and antipodal to TEAD - 2 , a transcription factor expressed at the beginning of mouse development .", "entities": [ "Soggy", "TEAD - 2" ] }, { "id": "231", "type": "gene", "text": "The goals of these experiments were to determine whether lactational anestrus would be prolonged by a 48 - h fast at days 13 and 14 postpartum ( pp ) and , if so , to determine whether this effect could be reversed by treatment with the Ob protein leptin .", "entities": [ "leptin" ] }, { "id": "232", "type": "gene", "text": "In pituitary GH3 cells , vitamin D increases the levels of PRL transcripts and stimulates the PRL promoter .", "entities": [ "PRL transcripts", "PRL promoter" ] }, { "id": "233", "type": "gene", "text": "However , electron microscopy revealed that while sec4 mutant cells accumulate secretory vesicles , ypt31 / 32 mutant cells accumulate aberrant Golgi structures .", "entities": [ "sec4 mutant", "ypt31 / 32 mutant" ] }, { "id": "237", "type": "gene", "text": "Complete activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 ( STAT1 ) requires phosphorylation at both Y701 and a conserved PMS ( 727 ) P sequence .", "entities": [ "signal transducer and activator of transcription 1", "STAT1" ] }, { "id": "241", "type": "gene", "text": "The Ras GTPase - activating - protein - related human protein IQGAP2 harbors a potential actin binding domain and interacts with calmodulin and Rho family GTPases .", "entities": [ "IQGAP2", "actin binding domain", "calmodulin", "Rho family GTPases" ] }, { "id": "244", "type": "gene", "text": "The adoption of a twisted structure of importin - beta is essential for the protein - protein interaction required for nuclear transport .", "entities": [ "importin - beta" ] }, { "id": "245", "type": "gene", "text": "The presence of a short ( 70 bp ) intron near the N - terminus of the atX gene was predicted that contains the canonical GT and AG dinucleotides at its 5 ' - and 3 ' - splicing junctions .", "entities": [ "atX gene" ] }, { "id": "246", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , a hybrid protein composed of a PvALF activation domain and the DNA binding and dimerization domain of ROM2 activated gene expression , indicating that ROM2 recognizes the DLEC2 enhancer in vivo ; consequently , ROM2 functions as a DNA binding site - dependent repressor .", "entities": [ "PvALF activation domain", "ROM2", "ROM2", "DLEC2 enhancer", "ROM2" ] }, { "id": "249", "type": "gene", "text": "On the other hand , NE transport and antagonist ( [ 125I ] RTI - 55 ) binding assays on whole LLC - NET cells treated with tunicamycin reveal a pronounced reduction in NE transport activity and hNET membrane density paralleled by an inability of NET proteins to replenish the higher M ( r ) hNET pool .", "entities": [ "hNET", "NET proteins", "hNET" ] }, { "id": "250", "type": "gene", "text": "We show that the upstream region of the beta - MyHC gene ( - 5518 to - 2490 relative to the transcriptional start site ) directed high levels of transcriptional activity only when stably integrated , but not when expressed extrachromosomally in transient assays .", "entities": [ "beta - MyHC gene" ] }, { "id": "251", "type": "gene", "text": "DNase I protection analysis as well as oligonucleotide competition experiments indicate that this binding is sequence specific .", "entities": [ "DNase I" ] }, { "id": "252", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasmid pSP64E6E7 which contains the reading frames of both E6 and E7 was constructed in order to study the expression of both proteins in a coupled transcription / rabbit reticulocyte translation system .", "entities": [ "E6", "E7" ] }, { "id": "253", "type": "gene", "text": "In transient transfections using luciferase reporter genes driven by 1 kb of the 5 ' flanking DNA of the three CALM genes , the promoter activity correlated with the endogenous CALM transcriptional activity , but only when the 5 ' untranslated regions were included in the constructs .", "entities": [ "luciferase reporter genes", "CALM genes", "endogenous CALM" ] }, { "id": "255", "type": "gene", "text": "The derepressed expression of fixN was not observed in a purH mutant .", "entities": [ "fixN", "purH mutant" ] }, { "id": "257", "type": "gene", "text": "Both viruses express the mil / raf oncogene product as a gag - fusion polyprotein , while the myc oncogene of MH2 is expressed via a subgenomic mRNA .", "entities": [ "mil", "raf", "gag - fusion", "myc" ] }, { "id": "260", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant protein encoded by ESX ( for epithelial - restricted with serine box ) exhibits Ets - like DNA binding specificity in electrophoretic mobility shift assays and , in transient transfection assays , transactivates Ets - responsive promoter elements including that found in the HER2 / neu oncogene .", "entities": [ "ESX", "epithelial - restricted with serine box", "Ets - like", "Ets - responsive promoter elements", "HER2", "neu" ] }, { "id": "262", "type": "gene", "text": "The temporal changes in the plasma concentration of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor ( iANF ) were studied in six conscious dogs with an arteriovenous ( AV ) fistula , a model of chronic high - output heart failure .", "entities": [ "immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor", "iANF" ] }, { "id": "265", "type": "gene", "text": "Two closely related groups of transcripts , Sagrp1 and Sagrp2 , controlled by a circadian rhythm have been isolated .", "entities": [ "Sagrp1", "Sagrp2" ] }, { "id": "266", "type": "gene", "text": "Of 921 specimens , 95 yielded non - albicans species , mainly from patients with low CD4 lymphocyte counts and extensive previous azole exposure .", "entities": [ "CD4" ] }, { "id": "267", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings suggest that eIF5 - eIF2beta interaction plays an essential role in eIF5 function in eukaryotic cells .", "entities": [ "eIF5", "eIF2beta", "eIF5" ] }, { "id": "270", "type": "gene", "text": "Cytokine - mediated I kappa B alpha reappearance was completely blocked by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide .", "entities": [ "I kappa B alpha" ] }, { "id": "271", "type": "gene", "text": "Development of P carinii pneumonia was associated with the stage of Kaposi ' s sarcoma , B subtype disease , and the presence of 0 . 20 X 10 ( 9 ) / L ( 200 / mm3 ) or fewer CD4 cells at study entry .", "entities": [ "CD4" ] }, { "id": "278", "type": "gene", "text": "Non - finger - coding modules conserved among members of subfamilies of zinc finger genes have been described in the murine genome ( finger - associated boxes , or FAX domain ) and the human genome ( Kruppel - associated boxes , or KRAB domain ) .", "entities": [ "zinc finger genes", "Kruppel - associated boxes", "KRAB domain" ] }, { "id": "280", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the 5 ' flanking regions of the mouse J kappa elements , including the conserved putative recombination target sequences , shows no obvious differences consistent with the variation in recombinational efficiency , so we conclude that , although the consensus heptamer and nonamer signals may be sufficient to identify a recombination site , the probability that that site will be used depends also on other determinants .", "entities": [ "mouse J kappa elements" ] }, { "id": "281", "type": "gene", "text": "The melanoma growth stimulatory activity / growth - regulated protein , CXCL1 , is constitutively expressed at high levels during inflammation and progression of melanocytes into malignant melanoma .", "entities": [ "melanoma growth stimulatory activity / growth - regulated protein", "CXCL1" ] }, { "id": "282", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic analysis places CWH43 upstream of the BCK2 branch of the PKC1 signalling pathway , since cwh43 mutations were synthetic lethal with pkc1 deletion , whereas the cwh43 defects could be rescued by overexpression of BCK2 and not by high - copy - number expression of genes encoding downstream proteins of the PKC1 pathway However , unlike BCK2 , whose disruption in a cln3 mutant resulted in growth arrest in G ( 1 ) , no growth defect was observed in a double cwh43 cln3 mutants .", "entities": [ "CWH43", "BCK2", "PKC1", "cwh43", "pkc1", "cwh43", "BCK2", "PKC1", "BCK2", "cln3 mutant", "cln3 mutants" ] }, { "id": "284", "type": "gene", "text": "To clarify the mechanisms that regulate transcription of the GTP cyclohydrolase I gene and to generate multiple species of mRNA , we isolated genomic DNA clones for the human and mouse GTP cyclohydrolase I genes .", "entities": [ "GTP cyclohydrolase I gene", "GTP cyclohydrolase I genes" ] }, { "id": "285", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore , a structural interaction between PsaL and PsaI may stabilize the association of PsaL with the photosystem I core .", "entities": [ "PsaL", "PsaI", "PsaL", "photosystem I core" ] }, { "id": "286", "type": "gene", "text": "Reversal of ' refractory septic shock ' by infusion of amrinone and angiotensin II in an anthracycline - treated patient .", "entities": [ "angiotensin II" ] }, { "id": "288", "type": "gene", "text": "Negative modulation of alpha1 ( I ) procollagen gene expression in human skin fibroblasts : transcriptional inhibition by interferon - gamma .", "entities": [ "alpha1 ( I ) procollagen gene", "interferon - gamma" ] }, { "id": "289", "type": "gene", "text": "On the basis of this homology , we examined the potential role of c - Rel in controlling IL - 2R alpha transcription .", "entities": [ "c - Rel", "IL - 2R alpha" ] }, { "id": "290", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of CBP / p300 potentiated HS2 - mediated transactivation .", "entities": [ "CBP", "p300" ] }, { "id": "291", "type": "gene", "text": "We next developed a rapid purification method for bacterial recombinant MyoD - bHLH domain by affinity chromatography using a calmodulin - Sepharose column and investigated the phosphorylation of that peptide by PKC and its interactions with calmodulin and S100a .", "entities": [ "bacterial recombinant MyoD - bHLH domain", "calmodulin", "PKC", "calmodulin", "S100a" ] }, { "id": "293", "type": "gene", "text": "HL is hypothesized to directly couple HDL lipid metabolism to tissue / cellular lipid metabolism .", "entities": [ "HL", "HDL" ] }, { "id": "294", "type": "gene", "text": "Epstein - Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 exerts its transactivating function through interaction with recombination signal binding protein RBP - J kappa , the homologue of Drosophila Suppressor of Hairless .", "entities": [ "Epstein - Barr virus nuclear antigen 2", "recombination signal binding protein RBP - J kappa", "Drosophila Suppressor of Hairless" ] }, { "id": "302", "type": "gene", "text": "We constructed a stable , doubly transfected cell line ( TIS - 10 ) carrying a chromosomally integrated ptetO7 - CMV - L reporter construct and expressing the TetR - KRAB protein .", "entities": [ "ptetO7 - CMV - L", "TetR", "KRAB" ] }, { "id": "303", "type": "gene", "text": "We suggest that electrical stimulation of the NTS in rats undergoing such surgical preparation to observe the pressor response and / or increase in pVP , represents a rapid approach for screening the neurosecretory function of the central neural integration to release vasopressin .", "entities": [ "vasopressin" ] }, { "id": "307", "type": "gene", "text": "Together with previous work our results suggest that C / EBP may be a general cooperation partner for v - Myb in myelomonocytic cells .", "entities": [ "C / EBP", "v - Myb" ] }, { "id": "309", "type": "gene", "text": "Both DMP2 and DMP3 are closely localized on mouse chromosome 5q21 , corresponding to human chromosome 4q21 .", "entities": [ "DMP2", "DMP3" ] }, { "id": "311", "type": "gene", "text": "A novel alternative spliced variant of the transcription factor AP2alpha is expressed in the murine ocular lens .", "entities": [ "AP2alpha" ] }, { "id": "312", "type": "gene", "text": "Fig1p and Fig2p are likely to act at the cell surface as Fig1 : : beta - gal and Fig2 : : beta - gal fusion proteins localize to the periphery of mating cells .", "entities": [ "Fig1p", "Fig2p", "Fig1", "beta - gal", "Fig2", "beta - gal fusion proteins" ] }, { "id": "313", "type": "gene", "text": "Crystals of the triple mutant A42D / D47P / A63L , which are stable for days in its oxidized form , were grown from ammonium sulfate , with the cell constants a = b = 34 . 3 A and c = 111 . 8 A belonging to space group P3 ( 2 ) 21 .", "entities": [ "A42D", "D47P", "A63L" ] }, { "id": "315", "type": "gene", "text": "Normal replication of DNA A still carrying the AC3 ORF mutation was found in extracts from these plants .", "entities": [ "DNA A", "AC3 ORF" ] }, { "id": "317", "type": "gene", "text": "Muscle and liver biopsies demonstrated the same anomalies , again without branching enzyme deficiency in the liver .", "entities": [ "branching enzyme" ] }, { "id": "322", "type": "gene", "text": "Clinical development of interleukin - 10 .", "entities": [ "interleukin - 10" ] }, { "id": "323", "type": "gene", "text": "By cloning genes encoding benzene - degradative enzymes , we found that strain JS150 also carries genes for a toluene / benzene - 2 - monooxygenase .", "entities": [ "toluene / benzene - 2 - monooxygenase" ] }, { "id": "324", "type": "gene", "text": "Our data suggest that association of TBP with the TATA box may be regulated , directly or indirectly , by a substrate of Snf1 .", "entities": [ "TBP", "Snf1" ] }, { "id": "329", "type": "gene", "text": "It was previously shown that Vi antigen expression was regulated by a system similar to the rcs regulatory system involved in colanic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "Vi antigen", "rcs" ] }, { "id": "331", "type": "gene", "text": "To identify the GRK6 homologue on chromsome 13 , several sets of closely - spaced primers were designed based on the GRK6 cDNA sequence and then used to amplify human genomic DNA by PCR .", "entities": [ "GRK6 homologue", "GRK6 cDNA sequence" ] }, { "id": "332", "type": "gene", "text": "In the absence of Mg2 + , the extent of destabilization of tRNAPhe is greater but appears to be confined to internal regions of the acceptor and T psi C helices , as evidenced by the selectively enhanced exchange rates for imino protons associated with these base pairs .", "entities": [ "tRNAPhe" ] }, { "id": "334", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum alpha - amylase , trypsin , trypsin inhibitor , lipase and total protease activity in the pancreatic tissue was studied as indicator of the treatment efficacy with 5 - fluorouracil electro - cumulation .", "entities": [ "Serum alpha - amylase", "trypsin", "trypsin inhibitor", "lipase" ] }, { "id": "337", "type": "gene", "text": "This effect is independent of the Gal4 protein , as it operates in a gal4 mutant background as well .", "entities": [ "Gal4 protein", "gal4 mutant" ] }, { "id": "338", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with the large pocket of Rb binding to TAF ( II ) 250 , the large pocket domains of both p107 and p130 are able to bind to TAF ( II ) 250 in vivo .", "entities": [ "Rb", "TAF ( II ) 250", "p107", "p130", "TAF ( II ) 250" ] }, { "id": "341", "type": "gene", "text": "Amplification of 4q21 - q22 and the MXR gene in independently derived mitoxantrone - resistant cell lines .", "entities": [ "MXR gene" ] }, { "id": "342", "type": "gene", "text": "Activation of the receptor induces Ret phosphorylation that leads the survival - promoting effects .", "entities": [ "Ret" ] }, { "id": "347", "type": "gene", "text": "Critical review of tests for the HBs antigen in the detection of infectious blood", "entities": [ "HBs antigen" ] }, { "id": "349", "type": "gene", "text": "DSS4 - 1 is a dominant suppressor of sec4 - 8 that encodes a nucleotide exchange protein that aids Sec4p function .", "entities": [ "DSS4 - 1", "sec4 - 8", "Sec4p" ] }, { "id": "352", "type": "gene", "text": "The vaccine was highly immunogenic , since 111 of 113 patients ( 98 % ) produced anti - HBs ( 10 mIU / ml or more ) .", "entities": [ "anti - HBs" ] }, { "id": "353", "type": "gene", "text": "The interleukin - 2 receptor alpha ( IL - 2R alpha ) chain gene contains a sequence similar to the immunoglobulin ( Ig ) kappa ( kappa ) enhancer NF - kappa B binding site .", "entities": [ "interleukin - 2 receptor alpha", "IL - 2R alpha", "immunoglobulin ( Ig ) kappa", "NF - kappa B binding site" ] }, { "id": "354", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the derived amino acid sequence with that of the HCMV UL99 gene product reveals 34 . 8 % identity in an overlap of 66 amino acids .", "entities": [ "HCMV UL99 gene product" ] }, { "id": "355", "type": "gene", "text": "Although mutant pex5delta cells expressing a yeast / tobacco Pex5p chimaera failed to import a GFP - Eci1p reporter protein , they were able to grow on oleic acid .", "entities": [ "mutant pex5delta", "yeast / tobacco Pex5p chimaera", "GFP", "Eci1p" ] }, { "id": "356", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with this observation , introduction of Smad sites into a TGFbeta - insensitive LEF1 / TCF target gene confers cooperative TGFbeta and Wnt responsiveness to the promoter .", "entities": [ "Smad sites", "TGFbeta", "LEF1", "TCF", "TGFbeta", "Wnt" ] }, { "id": "357", "type": "gene", "text": "In analogy to human CD70 , mCD70 transcript levels are strongly but transiently up - regulated during lymphocyte activation , which is in line with a role for the CD27 - CD70 receptor pair early in the immune response .", "entities": [ "human CD70", "mCD70 transcript", "CD27 - CD70 receptor" ] }, { "id": "358", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum IgM levels showed a highly significant increase in all types of brain tumour when compared to controls .", "entities": [ "Serum IgM" ] }, { "id": "360", "type": "gene", "text": "Vk8 / Jk2 and Vk1 / Jk5 rearrangements encoded the respective L chain V - regions .", "entities": [ "Vk8", "Jk2", "Vk1", "Jk5", "L chain V - regions" ] }, { "id": "364", "type": "gene", "text": "NER was also measured by a plasmid host cell re - activation assay using a vector containing a luciferase reporter gene .", "entities": [ "luciferase reporter gene" ] }, { "id": "367", "type": "gene", "text": "In the fungus Neurospora crassa , nit - 2 , the major nitrogen regulatory gene , activates the expression of unlinked structural genes that specify nitrogen - catabolic enzymes during conditions of nitrogen limitation .", "entities": [ "nit - 2" ] }, { "id": "368", "type": "gene", "text": "The matrix of the CBs contains the diagnostic protein p80 - coilin , which is colocalized with the U7 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein ( snRNP ) , whereas the attached and embedded B - snurposomes contain splicing snRNPs .", "entities": [ "p80", "coilin", "U7 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein" ] }, { "id": "371", "type": "gene", "text": "PATIENTS : 33 HIV - infected , zidovudine - experienced patients with serum HIV RNA levels of at least 20 , 000 copies / mL and CD4 counts ranging from 50 to 400 cells / mm3 .", "entities": [ "CD4" ] }, { "id": "373", "type": "gene", "text": "These data , taken together , suggest that CRF produces its behavioral activating and anxiogenic effects , at least in part , by increasing the activity of LC noradrenergic neurons .", "entities": [ "CRF" ] }, { "id": "375", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequence of Vac1p contains two putative zinc - binding RING motifs , a zinc finger motif , and a coiled - coil motif .", "entities": [ "Vac1p" ] }, { "id": "377", "type": "gene", "text": "Anti - Jo - 1 antibody was not present .", "entities": [ "Anti - Jo - 1 antibody" ] }, { "id": "378", "type": "gene", "text": "The first operon , orf1 - tolQRA , is iron regulated throughout growth , but iron - regulated expression of tolB and oprL fusions occurs only in late log phase .", "entities": [ "tolQRA", "tolB", "oprL fusions" ] }, { "id": "384", "type": "gene", "text": "Using green fluorescent protein fusions we demonstrate that the SYT , SSX and the SYT - SSX proteins are nuclear proteins .", "entities": [ "green fluorescent protein", "SYT", "SSX", "SYT", "SSX" ] }, { "id": "387", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggested that mutant PS1 may cause disease as a result of reduction in PS1 function .", "entities": [ "mutant PS1", "PS1" ] }, { "id": "388", "type": "gene", "text": "The analysis of the organization of the sequence of the human ABP / DAO gene reveals that the 2 . 4 - kilobase messenger RNA is transcribed from two close origins identifying the proximal promoter .", "entities": [ "ABP", "DAO" ] }, { "id": "390", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate the step of spliceosome assembly at which Snu17p acts , we have used nondenaturing gel electrophoresis .", "entities": [ "Snu17p" ] }, { "id": "391", "type": "gene", "text": "We also show that an internal fragment of U24 methylation guide snoRNA , encompassing the upstream antisense element and the D ' and C ' box motifs , can support the site - specific methylation of rRNA .", "entities": [ "U24 methylation guide snoRNA" ] }, { "id": "392", "type": "gene", "text": "Mammalian ribonucleotide reductase shows S - phase specific expression and consists of two non - identical subunits , proteins R1 ( large subunit ) and R2 ( small subunit ) .", "entities": [ "ribonucleotide reductase", "proteins R1", "R2" ] }, { "id": "394", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant MsERK1 ( rMsERK1 ) , when overexpressed in Escherichia coli , is recognized by antibodies raised against MAP kinases from rat , Xenopus , and sea star and by anti - phosphotyrosine antibodies .", "entities": [ "Recombinant MsERK1", "rMsERK1", "MAP kinases from rat , Xenopus , and sea star", "anti - phosphotyrosine antibodies" ] }, { "id": "395", "type": "gene", "text": "The identification of SRP54sc and SRP54sp provides the first evidence for SRP related proteins in yeast .", "entities": [ "SRP54sc", "SRP54sp", "SRP" ] }, { "id": "396", "type": "gene", "text": "We previously demonstrated that AKT2 , a member of protein kinase B family , is activated by a number of growth factors via Ras and PI 3 - kinase signaling pathways .", "entities": [ "AKT2", "protein kinase B family", "Ras", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "401", "type": "gene", "text": "The expected products of the cloned bph genes , except bphA3 , were observed in E . coli in an in vitro transcription - translation system .", "entities": [ "bph genes", "bphA3" ] }, { "id": "405", "type": "gene", "text": "The consensus mammalian ER stress response element ( ERSE ) conserved among grp promoters consists of a tripartite structure CCAAT ( N9 ) CCACG , with N being a strikingly GC - rich region of 9 bp .", "entities": [ "grp promoters" ] }, { "id": "407", "type": "gene", "text": "A positive correlation was also established between the level of FP9C binding and the degree of cell differentiation in vitro .", "entities": [ "FP9C" ] }, { "id": "410", "type": "gene", "text": "Unlike CSK , the SH3 domain of HYL was unique since the ALYDY motif was absent .", "entities": [ "CSK", "SH3 domain", "HYL" ] }, { "id": "416", "type": "gene", "text": "Its phosphorylation strongly potentiates its ability to activate transcription of the c - fos promoter through a ternary complex assembled on the c - fos serum response element .", "entities": [ "c - fos promoter", "c - fos serum response element" ] }, { "id": "417", "type": "gene", "text": "Fus3p and Kss1p together increase the expression of CLN3 and PCL2 genes that promote budding , and Kss1p inhibits the MAP kinase cascade .", "entities": [ "Fus3p", "Kss1p", "CLN3", "PCL2 genes", "Kss1p", "MAP kinase" ] }, { "id": "418", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with our observation that AP - 1 binding does not contribute to c - Jun coactivation is the observation that the activation of PU . 1 by c - Jun is blocked by overexpression of c - Fos .", "entities": [ "AP - 1", "c - Jun", "PU . 1", "c - Jun", "c - Fos" ] }, { "id": "421", "type": "gene", "text": "We found 4 highly conserved regions to vertebrate Hsp90 exclusively and 27 amino acids conserved among but differing between Hsp90 alpha and Hsp90 beta sequences .", "entities": [ "vertebrate Hsp90", "Hsp90 alpha", "Hsp90 beta sequences" ] }, { "id": "423", "type": "gene", "text": "We present here the complete primary structure of human gp330 , the human variant of the principal kidney autoantigen causing Heymann membranous glomerulonephritis in rats .", "entities": [ "human gp330" ] }, { "id": "424", "type": "gene", "text": "The platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptor inhibitor abciximab is used for the treatment of patients undergoing high - risk percutaneous coronary interventions and is used in approximately one third of coronary interventions in the United States and a growing number of procedures in Europe .", "entities": [ "platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb / IIIa receptor" ] }, { "id": "427", "type": "gene", "text": "Human epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) , a naturally occurring protein , has been implicated in the protection of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity .", "entities": [ "Human epidermal growth factor", "EGF" ] }, { "id": "430", "type": "gene", "text": "Site - directed mutagenesis of the T4 endonuclease V gene : role of lysine - 130 .", "entities": [ "T4 endonuclease V gene" ] }, { "id": "431", "type": "gene", "text": "A minimal pheromone induction domain , delineated as residues 301 to 335 of Ste12p , is dependent on the pheromone mitogen - activated protein ( MAP ) kinase pathway for induction activity .", "entities": [ "Ste12p", "mitogen - activated protein ( MAP ) kinase" ] }, { "id": "432", "type": "gene", "text": "The library will thus be useful for the selection of cosmid clones which carry CDC genes from yeast by complementing first , with the vectorial yeast gene URA1 , the pyrimidine auxotrophy of most cdc - strains and then , with the respective CDC wild - type genes , of the temperature - sensitive mutant alleles .", "entities": [ "CDC genes from yeast", "yeast gene URA1", "cdc", "CDC wild - type genes" ] }, { "id": "433", "type": "gene", "text": "These mutant rps7 leaders were ligated into an aadA expression cassette and transformed into the chloroplast of C . reinhardtii and into E . coli .", "entities": [ "mutant rps7" ] }, { "id": "434", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , both activated Ral - GDS - like factor and Raf stimulate cyclin D ( 1 ) transcription and E2F activity and act in synergy with PI 3 - kinase .", "entities": [ "Ral - GDS - like", "Raf", "cyclin D ( 1 )", "E2F", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "435", "type": "gene", "text": "From the present results a concept of hormone - dependent AR activation is proposed , which requires a functional , direct or indirect intramolecular interaction between the TAD and the LBD .", "entities": [ "AR" ] }, { "id": "436", "type": "gene", "text": "Like the DMA , but unlike all other mammalian class II A genes , the zebrafish gene codes for two cysteine residues which might potentially be involved in the formation of a disulfide bond in the alpha 1 domain .", "entities": [ "DMA", "mammalian class II A genes" ] }, { "id": "437", "type": "gene", "text": "Down - regulation of Id1 mRNA correlated with mitogenesis and occurred when quiescent cells were treated with growth factors that activate G protein - coupled receptors and receptor protein tyrosine kinases but not with a non - mitogenic cAMP analog .", "entities": [ "Id1 mRNA", "G protein - coupled receptors", "receptor protein tyrosine kinases" ] }, { "id": "438", "type": "gene", "text": "Secretogranin II ( SgII ) is a secretory polypeptide stored in large dense core vesicles of neuroendocrine and neuronal cells .", "entities": [ "Secretogranin II", "SgII" ] }, { "id": "440", "type": "gene", "text": "The electron spin resonance study also demonstrated that the formation of superoxide - DMPO spin adduct was strongly inhibited by a selective cyclooxygenase - 2 inhibitor , etodolac , in a concentration - dependent manner .", "entities": [ "cyclooxygenase - 2" ] }, { "id": "441", "type": "gene", "text": "BK - induced translocation and overexpression of PKC isoforms as well as coexpression of inactive or constitutively active mutants of different PKC isozymes provided evidence for a role of the diacylglycerol - sensitive PKCs alpha and epsilon in BK signaling toward MAPK .", "entities": [ "BK", "PKC isoforms", "PKC isozymes", "PKCs alpha and epsilon", "BK", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "443", "type": "gene", "text": "A lead phthalocyanin method for the demonstration of acid hydrolases in plant and animal tissues .", "entities": [ "acid hydrolases" ] }, { "id": "444", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we describe the characterization of cDNAs encoding two unusual E2Fs , E2F - 4 and E2F - 5 , each identified by the ability of their gene product to interact with p130 in a yeast two - hybrid system .", "entities": [ "E2Fs", "E2F - 4", "E2F - 5", "p130" ] }, { "id": "445", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , unlike PAK65 , HPK1 does not contain the small GTPase Rac1 / Cdc42 - binding domain and does not bind to either Rac1 or Cdc42 , suggesting that HPK1 . activation is Rac1 / Cdc42 - independent .", "entities": [ "PAK65", "HPK1", "Rac1", "Cdc42", "Rac1", "Cdc42", "HPK1", "Rac1", "Cdc42" ] }, { "id": "447", "type": "gene", "text": "Tumor necrosis factor levels were measured by enzyme - linked immunoabsorbent assay in plasma samples obtained from the hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion circuit and systemic circulation .", "entities": [ "Tumor necrosis factor" ] }, { "id": "448", "type": "gene", "text": "However , only plasma fibrinogen concentrations showed statistically significant positive associations with IMT in both groups .", "entities": [ "plasma fibrinogen" ] }, { "id": "450", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of deletion and substitution mutations in the MER2 5 ' exon demonstrates that the unusually large size of this exon plays an important role in splicing regulation .", "entities": [ "MER2 5 ' exon" ] }, { "id": "452", "type": "gene", "text": "Reexamination of the cdc4 - 1 mutant revealed that , in addition to being defective in the onset of S phase , it is also defective in G ( 2 ) / M transition when released from hydroxyurea - induced S - phase arrest .", "entities": [ "cdc4 - 1 mutant" ] }, { "id": "453", "type": "gene", "text": "All such polypeptides containing 263 or more residues derived from the C - terminus of P130gag - fps ( i . e . residues 920 - 1182 ) were enzymatically active as tyrosine kinases .", "entities": [ "P130gag", "fps", "tyrosine kinases" ] }, { "id": "454", "type": "gene", "text": "A structural model for Vpu is proposed in which the membrane anchor precedes a region comprising two amphipathic alpha - helices of opposed polarity , joined by a strongly acidic turn that protrudes into the cytoplasm and contains the CK - 2 phosphorylation sites .", "entities": [ "Vpu", "CK - 2 phosphorylation sites" ] }, { "id": "455", "type": "gene", "text": "The recombinant containing the full - length polyhedrin leader sequence gave levels of N mRNA comparable to those of AcNPV polyhedrin mRNA .", "entities": [ "polyhedrin", "N mRNA", "AcNPV polyhedrin mRNA" ] }, { "id": "457", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , CARP is a YB - 1 associated factor and represents the first identified cardiac - restricted downstream regulatory gene in the homeobox gene Nkx2 - 5 pathway and may serve as a negative regulator of HF - 1 - dependent pathways for ventricular muscle gene expression .", "entities": [ "CARP", "YB - 1 associated factor", "Nkx2 - 5", "HF - 1" ] }, { "id": "458", "type": "gene", "text": "Each receptor must therefore engage a unique subset of the available signaling elements - - at least partly through the selection of proteins with src - homology 2 domains ( SH2 proteins ) .", "entities": [ "src - homology 2 domains", "SH2 proteins" ] }, { "id": "460", "type": "gene", "text": "A model for the SMase - sphingomyelin complex structure was built to investigate how the SMase specifically recognizes its substrate .", "entities": [ "SMase", "SMase" ] }, { "id": "465", "type": "gene", "text": "When recombinant gE produced in HeLa cells was probed with the same antiphosphotyrosine antibody , a dimeric gE form at 130 kDa was detected on the cell surface .", "entities": [ "recombinant gE", "dimeric gE" ] }, { "id": "466", "type": "gene", "text": "Transforming growth factor - beta ( TGF - beta ) inhibits cell cycle progression , in part through up - regulation of gene expression of the p21 ( WAF1 / Cip1 ) ( p21 ) cell cycle inhibitor .", "entities": [ "Transforming growth factor - beta", "TGF - beta", "p21", "WAF1", "Cip1", "p21" ] }, { "id": "467", "type": "gene", "text": "The results suggest that both superficial and deep cortical venous drainage of the cat kidney should be considered when measuring renal renin release .", "entities": [ "renal renin" ] }, { "id": "472", "type": "gene", "text": "7 - Nitroindazole ( 7NI ) , a relatively selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS ) inhibitor . was intraperitoneally administered to the guinea pigs 30 minutes before the onset of local anoxia .", "entities": [ "nitric oxide synthase", "nNOS" ] }, { "id": "473", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations that extend the specificity of the endonuclease activity of lambda terminase .", "entities": [ "lambda terminase" ] }, { "id": "475", "type": "gene", "text": "An evaluation of a positive control for platelet neutralization procedure testing with seven commercial activated partial thromboplastin time reagents .", "entities": [ "thromboplastin" ] }, { "id": "476", "type": "gene", "text": "The prosomal RNA - binding protein p27K is a member of the alpha - type human prosomal gene family .", "entities": [ "prosomal RNA - binding protein p27K", "alpha - type human prosomal gene family" ] }, { "id": "477", "type": "gene", "text": "A single clone , which was conserved and had near - perfect homology to eight human / rodent expressed sequence tags , was used as template for 5 ' and 3 ' rapid amplification of cDNA ends and SPICE ( system for polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA ends ) reactions to obtain the 3 . 6 - kb cDNA , LGL2 ( Genbank , AF 110195 ) encoding a deduced polypeptide ( lgl2 ) of 963 amino acids .", "entities": [ "LGL2", "Genbank , AF 110195", "lgl2" ] }, { "id": "482", "type": "gene", "text": "Five girls with Turner ' s syndrome aged 12 to 17 years showed LH values ( 5 . 0 - 14 . 5 IU / 12 h ) at the upper end of or slightly above the normal range and pathologically high values ( 22 . 2 - 43 . 5 IU / 12 h ) for FSH .", "entities": [ "LH", "FSH" ] }, { "id": "483", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro death assays with transient overexpression of deletion constructs of both isoforms using beta - galactosidase as a reporter gene in MCF7 cells suggest the following : 1 ) the nucleotide binding domain may act as a negative regulator of the killing activity of DEFCAP ; 2 ) the LRR / CARD represents a putative constitutively active inducer of apoptosis ; 3 ) the killing activity of LRR / CARD is inhibitable by benzyloxycarbonyl - Val - Ala - Asp ( OMe ) - fluoromethyl ketone and to a lesser extent by Asp - Glu - Val - Asp ( OMe ) - fluoromethyl ketone ; and 4 ) the CARD is critical for killing activity of DEFCAP .", "entities": [ "beta - galactosidase", "DEFCAP", "LRR", "CARD", "LRR", "CARD", "CARD", "DEFCAP" ] }, { "id": "485", "type": "gene", "text": "The use of sigma 54 promoters , known to require cognate binding proteins , could allow the fine - tuning that provides the temporal ordering of flagellar gene transcription .", "entities": [ "sigma 54 promoters" ] }, { "id": "486", "type": "gene", "text": "The association of I - 92 with p92 , p84 , p75 , p73 , p69 , and p57 was completely reversible after treatment with the detergent deoxycholate ( DOC ) .", "entities": [ "I - 92", "p92", "p84", "p75", "p73", "p69", "p57" ] }, { "id": "491", "type": "gene", "text": "Human parvovirus B19 gene expression from the viral p6 promoter ( B19p6 ) is restricted to primary human hematopoietic cells undergoing erythroid differentiation .", "entities": [ "Human parvovirus B19 gene", "viral p6 promoter", "B19p6" ] }, { "id": "497", "type": "gene", "text": "Hetero - oligomerization of Smad4 with the pathway - restricted SMAD proteins is essential for Smad4 - mediated transcription .", "entities": [ "Smad4", "SMAD proteins", "Smad4" ] }, { "id": "498", "type": "gene", "text": "This fragment contains two complete endo - beta - 1 , 4 - glucanase - encoding genes , designated celCCC and celCCG .", "entities": [ "endo - beta - 1 , 4 - glucanase - encoding genes", "celCCC", "celCCG" ] }, { "id": "500", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of the 5 ' and 3 ' termini of the transcripts produced in vivo from the puf operon of R . sphaeroides PUF delta 348 - 420 ( three transcripts ; 0 . 59 , 0 . 64 , and 2 . 63 kilobases ) lacking the puf - intercistronic terminator structure were identical to those of the corresponding puf transcripts derived from wild - type R . sphaeroides 2 . 4 . 1 ( four transcripts ; 0 . 50 , 0 . 66 , 0 . 71 , and 2 . 7 kilobases ) showing that the transcripts begin and end at the same sites .", "entities": [ "PUF delta 348 - 420", "puf transcripts" ] }, { "id": "506", "type": "gene", "text": "Strains lacking a functional RPL16A gene grow as rapidly as wild type , whereas those containing a null allele of RPL16B grow more slowly than wild type .", "entities": [ "functional RPL16A gene", "RPL16B" ] }, { "id": "508", "type": "gene", "text": "After Northern blot hybridization , two Cx31 transcripts of 2 . 2 and 1 . 8 kb were detected in total RNA of the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT and two transcripts of 2 . 2 and 1 . 9 kb in total RNA of E6 / E7 transfected human keratinocytes ( HEK cells ) .", "entities": [ "Cx31 transcripts of 2 . 2 and 1 . 8 kb", "E6", "E7" ] }, { "id": "509", "type": "gene", "text": "In summary , FGFR3 signaling pathway utilizes two GRB2 - containing complexes ; Shc . GRB2 . Sos and 80K - H . pp66 . GRB2 . Sos ; these two complexes may alternatively link FGFG3 to mitogen - activated protein kinase .", "entities": [ "FGFR3", "GRB2 - containing complexes", "Shc", "GRB2", "Sos", "80K - H", "pp66", "GRB2", "Sos", "FGFG3", "mitogen - activated protein kinase" ] }, { "id": "510", "type": "gene", "text": "In an effort to identify factors involved in the expression of this important erythroid - specific regulatory protein , we have isolated the mouse EKLF gene and systematically analyzed the promoter region .", "entities": [ "mouse EKLF gene" ] }, { "id": "515", "type": "gene", "text": "Four families of homing endonucleases have been identified , including the LAGLIDADG , the His - Cys box , the GIY - YIG and the H - N - H endonucleases .", "entities": [ "homing endonucleases", "LAGLIDADG", "His - Cys box", "GIY - YIG", "H - N - H endonucleases" ] }, { "id": "517", "type": "gene", "text": "The GvpE protein involved in the regulation of gas vesicles synthesis in halophilic archaea has been identified as the transcriptional activator for the promoter located upstream of the gvpA gene encoding the major gas vesicle structural protein GvpA .", "entities": [ "GvpE protein", "gvpA gene", "GvpA" ] }, { "id": "521", "type": "gene", "text": "Phylogenetic analysis using a neighbor - joining algorithm showed closest similarity of the horse mu chain - encoding constant region gene to human and dog sequences .", "entities": [ "horse mu chain - encoding constant region gene" ] }, { "id": "523", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis reveals that BUR6 encodes a homolog of DRAP1 ( also called NC2alpha ) , a mammalian repressor of basal transcription .", "entities": [ "BUR6", "DRAP1", "NC2alpha" ] }, { "id": "524", "type": "gene", "text": "BRAP2 also shares significant homology with a hypothetical protein from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , especially in the zinc finger region .", "entities": [ "BRAP2" ] }, { "id": "525", "type": "gene", "text": "Earlier published data , indicating Sp1 binding to the R1 alpha / beta regions , could not be confirmed , suggesting that the R1 initiator element may function independent of Sp1 .", "entities": [ "Sp1", "R1 alpha / beta regions", "Sp1" ] }, { "id": "528", "type": "gene", "text": "The yeast mitochondrial Hsp70 , Ssc1p , functions as a molecular chaperone with its partner proteins , Mdj1p ( DnaJ homologue ) and Yge1p ( GrpE homologue ) .", "entities": [ "yeast mitochondrial Hsp70", "Ssc1p", "Mdj1p", "DnaJ homologue", "Yge1p", "GrpE homologue" ] }, { "id": "529", "type": "gene", "text": "Increased TRE DNA binding failed to lead to increased transactivation correlating with the inability of SB 203580 to increase phosphorylation of these AP - 1 proteins .", "entities": [ "AP - 1 proteins" ] }, { "id": "531", "type": "gene", "text": "However , and in contrast to other MMP genes , no significative synergistic effect on CAT activity between the AP - 1 and PEA - 3 elements found in the collagenase - 3 gene promoter was found .", "entities": [ "MMP genes", "CAT", "AP - 1", "PEA - 3 elements", "collagenase - 3 gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "534", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , postmitotic neurons possessed extremely low levels of E2F1 protein as assessed by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay and Western blotting .", "entities": [ "E2F1 protein" ] }, { "id": "538", "type": "gene", "text": "The human parvalbumin mRNA contains the putative polyadenylation signal AATAAA 13 nucleotides upstream from the polyadenylation site .", "entities": [ "human parvalbumin mRNA" ] }, { "id": "539", "type": "gene", "text": "The delta Mo + SV tumor DNAs from B - lineage tumors were typically rearranged at the immunoglobulin gene loci and contained germ line configurations of the T - cell receptor beta gene .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin gene loci", "T - cell receptor beta gene" ] }, { "id": "542", "type": "gene", "text": "To examine the effect of the cAMP signal transduction pathway on transcription of the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of glucose - 6 - phosphatase ( G6Pase ) , G6Pase - chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) fusion genes were transiently transfected into either the liver - derived HepG2 or kidney - derived LLC - PK cell line .", "entities": [ "glucose - 6 - phosphatase", "G6Pase", "G6Pase", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "543", "type": "gene", "text": "Whereas the sequence of alpha - actinin ( Noegel , A . , W .", "entities": [ "alpha - actinin" ] }, { "id": "545", "type": "gene", "text": "The shift from complex I to complex II seen only in SCM - 1 - producer T cell lines upon activation was completely suppressed by cyclosporin A .", "entities": [ "SCM - 1" ] }, { "id": "546", "type": "gene", "text": "( We observed a ferritin value as high as 47 mg / L in one patient . ) Results with all these kits did not inter - compare well for ferritin concentrations greater than 300 micrograms / L , a finding that casts further doubt on the controversial use of serum ferritin measurement in cases of iron overload .", "entities": [ "ferritin", "ferritin", "serum ferritin" ] }, { "id": "548", "type": "gene", "text": "ER beta was less potent than ER alpha in activating E2 - stimulated ERELuc activity ( 4 - vs .", "entities": [ "ER beta", "ER alpha", "ERELuc" ] }, { "id": "549", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression pattern of LjEmx changed dramatically during embryogenesis ; expression was seen initially in the entire neural tube and mesoderm , which were secondarily downregulated , and secondarily in cranial nerve ganglia and in the craniofacial mesenchyme .", "entities": [ "LjEmx" ] }, { "id": "550", "type": "gene", "text": "Disruption of PML subnuclear domains by the acidic IE1 protein of human cytomegalovirus is mediated through interaction with PML and may modulate a RING finger - dependent cryptic transactivator function of PML .", "entities": [ "PML subnuclear domains", "acidic IE1 protein", "PML", "PML" ] }, { "id": "551", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , the GC - rich sequences could confer Sp1 - dependent transactivation to a heterologous prolactin minimal promoter .", "entities": [ "Sp1", "prolactin minimal promoter" ] }, { "id": "552", "type": "gene", "text": "Twelve patients of leprosy with arthritis and 161 patients without arthritis were studied for immunological parameters like immunoglobulins ( IgG , IgM , IgA ) , C - reactive proteins and rheumatoid factor .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulins", "IgG", "IgM", "IgA", "C - reactive proteins", "rheumatoid factor" ] }, { "id": "553", "type": "gene", "text": "Several reports assert that prolactin affects the delta 5 and delta 4 pathways through its effect on the activity of 3beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ( 3beta - OHSD ) .", "entities": [ "prolactin", "3beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase", "3beta - OHSD" ] }, { "id": "554", "type": "gene", "text": "The NrfC polypeptide , M ( r ) 24 , 567 , contains 16 cysteine residues arranged in four clusters typical of the CooF super - family of non - haem iron - sulphur proteins .", "entities": [ "NrfC polypeptide", "M ( r ) 24 , 567", "CooF super - family" ] }, { "id": "556", "type": "gene", "text": "( i ) p60 bound fast - migrating , underprocessed wild - type ICP22 and ICP22 lacking the carboxyl - terminal 24 amino acids but not ICP22 lacking the carboxyl - terminal 40 amino acids , whereas the previously identified cellular protein p78 ( R .", "entities": [ "p60", "wild - type ICP22", "ICP22", "ICP22", "cellular protein p78" ] }, { "id": "559", "type": "gene", "text": "Y1 , Y2 , and Y4 / PP1 .", "entities": [ "Y1", "Y2", "Y4", "PP1" ] }, { "id": "561", "type": "gene", "text": "Developmentally - regulated interaction of a transcription factor complex containing CDP / cut with the early histone H3 gene promoter of the sea urchin Tetrapygus niger is associated with changes in chromatin structure and gene expression .", "entities": [ "CDP", "cut", "early histone H3 gene promoter of the sea urchin Tetrapygus niger" ] }, { "id": "563", "type": "gene", "text": "After a shift to 37 degrees C , the mutant Rat7 - 1p / Nup159 - 1p is lost from the nuclear rim of rat7 - 1 cells and NPCs , which are clustered together in these cells grown under permissive conditions become substantially less clustered .", "entities": [ "Rat7 - 1p", "Nup159 - 1p" ] }, { "id": "564", "type": "gene", "text": "The mRNA for this protein is expressed in the T - ALL cell line Jurkat and has been designated HUG1 , for HOX11 Upstream Gene .", "entities": [ "HUG1", "HOX11 Upstream Gene" ] }, { "id": "565", "type": "gene", "text": "The STS sequence WI - 14920 is in fact derived from the 3 ' - untranslated region of the human PUNC gene .", "entities": [ "STS sequence WI - 14920", "human PUNC gene" ] }, { "id": "566", "type": "gene", "text": "Its activity was twice that of a construct where the CAT gene was driven by the H - 2Kb 5 ' enhancer region ( H2TF1 / KBF1 site ) and comparable to that of pRSVCAT construct carrying the strong Rous sarcoma virus LTR enhancer .", "entities": [ "CAT gene", "H - 2Kb 5 ' enhancer region", "H2TF1", "KBF1", "construct carrying the strong Rous sarcoma virus LTR enhancer" ] }, { "id": "567", "type": "gene", "text": "ORF3 appears to encode the homologue of the well - conserved proteasomal 26S regulatory subunit .", "entities": [ "proteasomal 26S regulatory subunit" ] }, { "id": "568", "type": "gene", "text": "The tam A gene of Aspergillus nidulans encodes a 739 - amino acid protein with similarity to Uga35p / Dal81p / DurLp of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "tam A gene of Aspergillus nidulans", "Uga35p", "Dal81p", "DurLp" ] }, { "id": "572", "type": "gene", "text": "No promoter activity could be detected with various mouse Fli - 1 promoter - CAT constructs containing 600 bp of the 5 ' flanking region , the complete exon 1 , the 5 ' end of intron 1 and / or retroviral LTR sequence .", "entities": [ "mouse Fli - 1 promoter", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "573", "type": "gene", "text": "The D . discoideum proteins were entirely conserved over the four regions known to be important for GTP binding and all contained the C - terminal CAAX aa motifs shared by other Rho proteins .", "entities": [ "Rho proteins" ] }, { "id": "574", "type": "gene", "text": "An 81 - nt tandem duplication of the C - terminal coding region is located adjacent to the termination codon of the CyIIIb gene , a potential relic of a slipped mispairing and replication event .", "entities": [ "CyIIIb gene" ] }, { "id": "577", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we examine the population of gammaS transcripts in adult human lens and the structure of the human CRYGS genes .", "entities": [ "gammaS transcripts", "human CRYGS genes" ] }, { "id": "580", "type": "gene", "text": "Mouse macrophage beta subunit ( CD11b ) cDNA for the CR3 complement receptor / Mac - 1 antigen .", "entities": [ "Mouse macrophage beta subunit ( CD11b ) cDNA", "CR3 complement receptor", "Mac - 1 antigen" ] }, { "id": "584", "type": "gene", "text": "The 80 kb preceding the expression site has few , if any , functional ORFs , but contains 50 bp repeats , INGI retrotransposon - like elements , and novel 4 - 12 kb repeats found near other telomeres .", "entities": [ "INGI retrotransposon - like elements" ] }, { "id": "585", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted proteins show strong homology to an ABA - inducible glycine - rich protein from maize embryos and to the mammalian RNA - binding protein A1 of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex involved in pre - mRNA splicing .", "entities": [ "ABA - inducible glycine - rich protein", "mammalian RNA - binding protein A1" ] }, { "id": "588", "type": "gene", "text": "Cbl is a signaling molecule with multiple functional domains : an SH2 domain which binds phosphotyrosine residues , a RING finger domain which acts as a ubiquitin ligase , a proline - rich region which serves as a docking site for SH3 - containing proteins , phosphotyrosine residues which serve as docking sites for SH2 - containing proteins such a CrkL and the p85 subunit of PI 3 - kinase , and a nuclear localization signal .", "entities": [ "Cbl", "SH2 domain", "ubiquitin ligase", "SH3 - containing proteins", "SH2 - containing proteins", "CrkL", "p85 subunit", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "589", "type": "gene", "text": "Surprisingly , apo - iso - 1 - cytochrome c is absent in cyc3 - strains , although apo - iso - 2 - cytochrome c is present at approximately the same level at which holo - iso - 2 - cytochrome c is found in CYC3 + strains .", "entities": [ "apo - iso - 1 - cytochrome c", "cyc3 -", "apo - iso - 2 - cytochrome c", "holo - iso - 2 - cytochrome c", "CYC3 +" ] }, { "id": "593", "type": "gene", "text": "Our data are in line with the hypothesis that E2F functions as a growth - and cell cycle regulated tethering factor between Sp1 and the basic transcription machinery .", "entities": [ "E2F", "Sp1" ] }, { "id": "596", "type": "gene", "text": "IRA2 , a second gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that encodes a protein with a domain homologous to mammalian ras GTPase - activating protein .", "entities": [ "IRA2", "ras GTPase - activating protein" ] }, { "id": "598", "type": "gene", "text": "Co - operativity of functional domains in the muscle - specific transcription factor Myf - 5 .", "entities": [ "muscle - specific transcription factor Myf - 5" ] }, { "id": "599", "type": "gene", "text": "Creatinine and creatine phosphokinase ( CPK ) .", "entities": [ "creatine phosphokinase", "CPK" ] }, { "id": "602", "type": "gene", "text": "The glyoxysomal and plastid molecular chaperones ( 70 - kDa heat shock protein ) of watermelon cotyledons are encoded by a single gene .", "entities": [ "70 - kDa heat shock protein" ] }, { "id": "610", "type": "gene", "text": "The hematopoietic form of PTPN6 transcript is initiated at a downstream promoter separated by 7 kb from the first .", "entities": [ "PTPN6 transcript" ] }, { "id": "613", "type": "gene", "text": "Unconventional mRNA processing in the expression of two calcineurin B isoforms in Dictyostelium .", "entities": [ "calcineurin B isoforms" ] }, { "id": "614", "type": "gene", "text": "The deduced amino acid sequence of this open reading frame is significantly homologous to the HSV 1 UL49 . 5 gene product , and as with UL49 . 5 , it contains a potential signal sequence and transmembrane domain characteristic of membrane - associated proteins .", "entities": [ "HSV 1 UL49 . 5 gene product", "UL49 . 5" ] }, { "id": "616", "type": "gene", "text": "GAGA factor is known to remodel the chromatin structure in concert with nucleosome - remodeling factor NURF in a Drosophila embryonic S150 extract .", "entities": [ "GAGA factor", "NURF" ] }, { "id": "617", "type": "gene", "text": "Also , like TUB , it has a wider pattern of tissue expression than either TULP1 or TULP2 .", "entities": [ "TUB", "TULP1", "TULP2" ] }, { "id": "619", "type": "gene", "text": "First , ste12Delta cells differ from cells with disruptions of the upstream signaling elements ( e . g . , ste4Delta , ste20Delta , ste5Delta , ste11Delta , ste7Delta , or fus3Delta kss1Delta cells ) in that they clearly retain some capacity for inducing Ste3p phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "ste12Delta", "ste4Delta", "ste20Delta", "ste5Delta", "ste11Delta", "ste7Delta", "kss1Delta", "Ste3p" ] }, { "id": "620", "type": "gene", "text": "Herein , we report that CRE - decoy oligonucleotide treatment results in an increase in the p53 protein level in MCF - 7 human breast cancer cells that express wild - type p53 .", "entities": [ "p53 protein", "p53" ] }, { "id": "621", "type": "gene", "text": "The selective 5 - HT2 receptor blocker ketanserin was found to reduce maximal urethral pressures in healthy females by about 40 % without reducing blood pressure .", "entities": [ "5 - HT2 receptor" ] }, { "id": "625", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification of a putative chromosomal replication origin from Helicobacter pylori and its interaction with the initiator protein DnaA .", "entities": [ "initiator protein DnaA" ] }, { "id": "626", "type": "gene", "text": "The primary structure of cholesterol esterase displayed no significant homology with other lipases , although the putative lipid interfacial recognition site of G - X - S - X - G is present in the cholesterol esterase sequence .", "entities": [ "cholesterol esterase", "lipases", "cholesterol esterase sequence" ] }, { "id": "628", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcriptional initiation site of RAG1 was localized at A , 26 bp upstream of the putative translational initiation codon , ATG , by the primer extension assay .", "entities": [ "RAG1" ] }, { "id": "630", "type": "gene", "text": "Visualization of the cells by phase contrast microscopy indicated that murine PKCepsilon expression in the presence of glycerol resulted in a significant increase in the number of yeast cells exhibiting very small buds .", "entities": [ "murine PKCepsilon" ] }, { "id": "632", "type": "gene", "text": "Protein kinase C transiently activated heteromeric N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor channels independent of the phosphorylatable C - terminal splice domain and of consensus phosphorylation sites .", "entities": [ "Protein kinase C", "heteromeric N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor channels" ] }, { "id": "634", "type": "gene", "text": "Highly significant similarities were detected between the N - terminal region of P30 and those of GENA [ the product of another unidentified gene ( geneA ) located upstream of the aceEF - lpd operon ] , and GNTR ( a putative transcriptional repressor of the gluconate operon of Bacillus subtilis ) .", "entities": [ "P30", "GENA", "geneA", "aceEF", "lpd", "GNTR", "gluconate operon" ] }, { "id": "635", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro DNA binding assays indicate that the elements identified can specifically interact with c - Ets - 1 protein .", "entities": [ "c - Ets - 1 protein" ] }, { "id": "638", "type": "gene", "text": "Siglec - 9 is predicted to contain three extracellular immunoglobulin - like domains that comprise an N - terminal V - set domain and two C2 - set domains , a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail containing two putative tyrosine - based signaling motifs .", "entities": [ "Siglec - 9", "immunoglobulin - like domains", "N - terminal V - set domain", "C2 - set domains" ] }, { "id": "643", "type": "gene", "text": "The COR biosynthetic gene cluster in P . syringae pv . glycinea PG4180 is encoded by a 32 - kb region which contains both the structural and regulatory genes needed for COR synthesis .", "entities": [ "COR", "COR" ] }, { "id": "648", "type": "gene", "text": "Both claR and car are expressed as monocistronic transcripts ; the level of transcript declined rapidly after 48h in complex media , but low sustained levels of both transcripts were observed in defined GSPG medium until 96h .", "entities": [ "claR", "car" ] }, { "id": "649", "type": "gene", "text": "claR and car were not significantly expressed in mutants disrupted in the ccaR gene , a regulatory gene that controls positively clavulanic acid and cephamycin biosynthesis .", "entities": [ "claR", "car", "ccaR gene" ] }, { "id": "650", "type": "gene", "text": "Whereas mutant 6C4 specified a wild - type - size Pol protein , we detected no full - length Pol protein in 7E4 - infected cell extracts .", "entities": [ "mutant 6C4", "wild - type - size Pol protein", "full - length Pol protein" ] }, { "id": "651", "type": "gene", "text": "The hepatic isoform of 6 - phosphofructo - 2 - kinase / fructose - 2 , 6 - bisphosphatase ( PF2K / Fru - 2 , 6 - BPase ) is transcriptionally stimulated by glucocorticoids , whereas insulin blocks this stimulatory effect .", "entities": [ "6 - phosphofructo - 2 - kinase", "fructose - 2 , 6 - bisphosphatase", "PF2K", "Fru - 2 , 6 - BPase", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "652", "type": "gene", "text": "Being implicated in insulin and GK gene regulations as a common transcription factor , IPF1 / STF - 1 / PDX - 1 is likely to play an essential role in maintaining normal beta - cell functions .", "entities": [ "insulin", "GK gene", "IPF1", "STF - 1", "PDX - 1" ] }, { "id": "653", "type": "gene", "text": "The Caenorhabditis elegans NK - 2 class homeoprotein CEH - 22 is involved in combinatorial activation of gene expression in pharyngeal muscle .", "entities": [ "Caenorhabditis elegans NK - 2 class homeoprotein CEH - 22" ] }, { "id": "654", "type": "gene", "text": "Mouse embryo cells ( C57BL / 6 , H - 2b ) transformed by the E1A and E1B genes of adenovirus type 5 ( Ad5E1 MEC ) are highly immunogenic .", "entities": [ "E1A", "E1B" ] }, { "id": "657", "type": "gene", "text": "We demonstrate that the WRM - 1 protein binds to LIT - 1 in vivo and that WRM - 1 can activate the LIT - 1 protein kinase when coexpressed in vertebrate tissue culture cells .", "entities": [ "WRM - 1 protein", "LIT - 1", "WRM - 1", "LIT - 1 protein kinase" ] }, { "id": "658", "type": "gene", "text": "RESULTS : All primary tumors were positive for CAM5 . 2 .", "entities": [ "CAM5 . 2" ] }, { "id": "661", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine the transactivation potential of each of the four Ahr Sp1 sites , we fused the Ahr promoter to a luciferase ( LUC ) reporter gene and transfected the construct into the Drosophila cell line Schneider - 2 , which contains no Sp1 or Sp1 - like factors .", "entities": [ "Sp1 sites", "Ahr promoter", "luciferase", "LUC", "Sp1", "Sp1 - like factors" ] }, { "id": "662", "type": "gene", "text": "We determined that Hop ( T42 ) contains a glutamic acid - to - lysine substitution at amino acid residue 695 ( E695K ) .", "entities": [ "Hop ( T42 )" ] }, { "id": "665", "type": "gene", "text": "The psh3 ( + ) gene encodes a protein of 215 amino acids , which shares a high degree of structural and functional similarity with Shr3p .", "entities": [ "psh3 ( + ) gene", "Shr3p" ] }, { "id": "666", "type": "gene", "text": "The impairment of the nocturnal secretion was related to the subjects ' age and , for the GH secretory pattern only , also to the MMSE score .", "entities": [ "GH" ] }, { "id": "667", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the antibody class switch appears to be directed by induction of accessibility , as assayed by transcription of germ line CH genes .", "entities": [ "CH" ] }, { "id": "668", "type": "gene", "text": "This growth - inhibitory effect was suppressed by the mpk1 delta mutation , suggesting that hyperactivation of the Mpk1 pathway is toxic to cells .", "entities": [ "mpk1 delta", "Mpk1" ] }, { "id": "669", "type": "gene", "text": "The chicken genome contains two functional nonallelic beta1 , 4 - galactosyltransferase genes .", "entities": [ "beta1 , 4 - galactosyltransferase genes" ] }, { "id": "670", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant Human Erythropoietin and Platinum - Based Chemotherapy In Advanced Ovarian Cancer", "entities": [ "Recombinant Human Erythropoietin" ] }, { "id": "671", "type": "gene", "text": "Homodimers of RIP60 ( replication initiation - region protein 60 kDA ) purified from nuclear extract bind two ATT - rich sites in oribeta and foster the formation of a twisted 720 bp DNA loop in vitro .", "entities": [ "RIP60", "replication initiation - region protein 60 kDA" ] }, { "id": "673", "type": "gene", "text": "Some of these physiological responses are regulated via activation of transcription factors such as activator protein 1 ( AP - 1 ) .", "entities": [ "activator protein 1", "AP - 1" ] }, { "id": "674", "type": "gene", "text": "To test the role of myb family members in progression through the cell cycle , we comicroinjected c - myc and myb expression vectors into serum - deprived quiescent SMCs .", "entities": [ "myb family members", "c - myc", "myb" ] }, { "id": "676", "type": "gene", "text": "LAC9 is a DNA - binding protein that regulates transcription of the lactose - galactose regulon in Kluyveromyces lactis .", "entities": [ "LAC9", "lactose - galactose regulon" ] }, { "id": "677", "type": "gene", "text": "We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the gypsy element present at the forked locus of Drosophila melanogaster in the f1 allele .", "entities": [ "gypsy element", "forked locus" ] }, { "id": "678", "type": "gene", "text": "The same high degree of sequence homology between the two F . diplosiphon PC alpha and PC beta sequences ( 85 and 77 % , respectively ) was found at both the nucleotide and amino acid levels , and similar results were obtained for interspecies comparisons .", "entities": [ "PC alpha", "PC beta sequences" ] }, { "id": "679", "type": "gene", "text": "A wound model for decubitus and leg ulcers consisting of human dermal fibroblasts in type I collagen dermal \" equivalent \" matrix ( DEM ) was exposed in vitro to electric fields similar to postulated endogenous fields in wounds .", "entities": [ "type I collagen" ] }, { "id": "680", "type": "gene", "text": "A group of factors known as activating transcription factors ( ATF ) have been found to bind to the latter and related sequences found upstream of early adenovirus promoters induced by E1A , and these factors are highly homologous to the CREB protein .", "entities": [ "activating transcription factors", "ATF", "E1A", "CREB protein" ] }, { "id": "682", "type": "gene", "text": "The vertebrate transcription factors TCF ( T cell factor ) and LEF ( lymphocyte enhancer binding factor ) interact with beta - catenin and are hypothesized to mediate Wingless / Wnt signaling .", "entities": [ "vertebrate transcription factors TCF", "T cell factor", "LEF", "lymphocyte enhancer binding factor", "beta - catenin", "Wingless", "Wnt" ] }, { "id": "683", "type": "gene", "text": "Some of these DNA : protein complexes were also present , but at lower levels , in nuclear extracts from untransformed rat cells suggesting the possible involvement of cellular factors in the mechanism of down - regulation mediated by Ad12 E1A .", "entities": [ "Ad12 E1A" ] }, { "id": "684", "type": "gene", "text": "Hypocalcemia is usually due to either a disturbance in the parathyroid hormone - adenylate cyclase system or a disturbance in vitamin D metabolism .", "entities": [ "parathyroid hormone", "adenylate cyclase" ] }, { "id": "687", "type": "gene", "text": "In seven patients ( 7 . 8 % ) with new Q - waves and a pathologic CK - MB profile ( group II ) troponin T reached median levels of 10 . 47 micrograms / l ( quartile 6 . 34 - 12 . 50 micrograms / l ) ( P < 0 . 001 I vs II ) .", "entities": [ "CK - MB", "troponin T" ] }, { "id": "689", "type": "gene", "text": "Mouse GRK6 - C displays none of these motifs .", "entities": [ "Mouse GRK6 - C" ] }, { "id": "691", "type": "gene", "text": "The 132 - bp PHO8p fragment , connected at position - 281 of the 5 ' upstream region of a HIS5 ' - ' lacZ fused gene , could sense Pi signals in vivo , but a 20 - bp synthetic oligonucleotide having the same sequence from - 544 to - 525 of the PHO8p DNA could not .", "entities": [ "132 - bp PHO8p fragment", "HIS5 '", "' lacZ", "PHO8p DNA" ] }, { "id": "693", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequences within the UAS2 element of the ENO2 gene bound a second protein which corresponded to the ABFI ( autonomously replicating sequence - binding factor ) protein .", "entities": [ "ENO2 gene", "ABFI", "autonomously replicating sequence - binding factor" ] }, { "id": "694", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasmid subclones of recombinant phage lambda Asm152 were able to complement both Escherichia coli gltB and A . sesbaniae Asm - Vi mutants ; NADPH - glutamate synthase activity was detected in all such strains complemented to Asm + .", "entities": [ "Escherichia coli gltB", "NADPH - glutamate synthase" ] }, { "id": "695", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequence of LZ321 matched that of RREB1 , a transcription factor that bound to a Ras responsive element ( RRE ) very different from the sequence with which we isolated LZ321 .", "entities": [ "LZ321", "RREB1", "Ras responsive element", "RRE", "LZ321" ] }, { "id": "696", "type": "gene", "text": "Steady - state levels of murine MMR mRNA were measured in the macrophage cell line J774E , which is known to express the protein at the cell surface .", "entities": [ "murine MMR mRNA" ] }, { "id": "699", "type": "gene", "text": "Coronatine ( COR ) is a plasmid - encoded phytotoxin synthesized by several pathovars of phytopathogenic Pseudomonas syringae .", "entities": [ "Coronatine", "COR" ] }, { "id": "702", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcriptional activity of P - 450 ( 11 beta ) gene was studied with an in vitro transcription system using nuclear extracts prepared from bovine adrenal cortex .", "entities": [ "P - 450 ( 11 beta ) gene" ] }, { "id": "704", "type": "gene", "text": "This bud morphology results at least in part from a cell cycle delay imposed by the Cdc28p - inhibitory kinase Swe1p .", "entities": [ "Cdc28p", "Swe1p" ] }, { "id": "705", "type": "gene", "text": "Eleven of the 12 exons have complete sequence homology with the RBM - 1 sequence .", "entities": [ "RBM - 1 sequence" ] }, { "id": "708", "type": "gene", "text": "The three proteins copurified through several biochemical fractionation steps and could be coimmunoprecipitated by using antibodies against GCD1 or GCD2 .", "entities": [ "GCD1", "GCD2" ] }, { "id": "709", "type": "gene", "text": "Cellular fractionation and Percoll gradient centrifugation combined with immunoblotting show that p67 cofractionates with nuclei and is enriched in resistant structure that is insoluble in 2 M NaCl , 25 mM lithium 3 , 5 ' - diiodosalicylate , and 1 % Triton but is soluble in 8 M urea .", "entities": [ "p67" ] }, { "id": "710", "type": "gene", "text": "For the first time also a genomic sequence for a red algal lhc gene is presented .", "entities": [ "red algal lhc gene" ] }, { "id": "716", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro , c - Src phosphorylated FAK Tyr - 925 in a glutathione S - transferase - FAK C - terminal domain fusion protein , whereas FAK did not .", "entities": [ "c - Src", "FAK Tyr - 925", "glutathione S - transferase", "FAK" ] }, { "id": "717", "type": "gene", "text": "METHODS AND RESULTS : The effect of prolonged nitrate therapy between 2 days and 6 weeks during healing after infarction on serial parameters of ventricular remodeling ( scar expansion , scar thinning , ventricular dilation , and hypertrophy ) and function ( asynergy or akinesis plus dyskinesis and ejection fraction ) by serial two - dimensional echocardiography , hemodynamics , postmortem topography ( computerized planimetry , geometric maps , and radiographs ) , and collagen content ( hydroxyproline ) was studied in 64 instrumented dogs randomized 2 days after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation to various nitrate regimens ( n = 32 ) over the first 2 weeks ( subgroup 1 : 2 % transdermal nitroglycerin at 8 AM and 4 PM , n = 6 ; subgroup 2 : 2 % transdermal nitroglycerin plus 2 . 6 mg of sustained - release oral nitroglycerin at 8 AM , 3 PM , and 10 PM , n = 5 ; subgroup 3 : oral isosorbide dinitrate , 30 mg at 8 AM and 4 PM , n = 11 ) or 6 weeks ( subgroup 4 : isosorbide dinitrate , n = 10 ) and in matching controls ( n = 32 ) .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "719", "type": "gene", "text": "Gel shift analysis of protein binding from nuclear extracts to these caveolin promoter DNA sequences , together with DNase I footprinting , confirmed nucleoprotein binding to the SRE - like elements as part of the transcriptional response to LDL - FC .", "entities": [ "caveolin promoter DNA sequences", "DNase I", "LDL - FC" ] }, { "id": "725", "type": "gene", "text": "The phP1 mutation was induced by insertion of a 1 . 2 - kb P element into the 5 ' transcribed nontranslated region of the proximal polyhomeotic gene .", "entities": [ "phP1", "P element", "polyhomeotic gene" ] }, { "id": "728", "type": "gene", "text": "Initial computer based similarity searches identified human retinoblastoma binding protein 1 ( RBP - 1 ) , Drosophila melanogaster male specific lethal - 3 ( Msl - 3 ) , S . pombe altered polarity - 13 ( Alp13 ) and S . cerevisiae Eaf3p , a component of the yeast NuA4 HAT complex ( Galarneau et al . , 2000 .", "entities": [ "human retinoblastoma binding protein 1", "RBP - 1", "Drosophila melanogaster male specific lethal - 3", "Msl - 3", "S . pombe altered polarity - 13", "Alp13", "S . cerevisiae Eaf3p", "HAT" ] }, { "id": "730", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum prolactin rapidly decreased after institution of treatment , with actual normalization ( less than 20 ng / ml ) by the 3rd month .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "731", "type": "gene", "text": "We report five of 13 evaluable patients undergoing allogeneic sibling BM or PBSC transplantation for MM between 1990 and 1997 who met the criteria for adjuvant alpha - IFN therapy .", "entities": [ "alpha - IFN" ] }, { "id": "733", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we identify Tyr319 as a functionally important phosphorylation site in the ZAP - 70 interdomain B region .", "entities": [ "ZAP - 70 interdomain B region" ] }, { "id": "736", "type": "gene", "text": "Previously , a cDNA ( GT2 ) encoding this protein was isolated from a mouse 3T3 - L1 adipocyte library and was sequenced .", "entities": [ "GT2" ] }, { "id": "737", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of human complement receptor type 2 ( CR2 / CD21 ) is primarily restricted to mature B cells and follicular dendritic cells .", "entities": [ "human complement receptor type 2", "CR2", "CD21" ] }, { "id": "738", "type": "gene", "text": "The 6 . 5 - kb genomic fragment contains the complete coding region of MyoD , distributed over three exons , plus 2 . 3 kb of 5 ' - noncoding sequence and 1 . 4 kb of 3 ' - noncoding sequence .", "entities": [ "MyoD" ] }, { "id": "740", "type": "gene", "text": "The apparent binding constant of 6 to calf thymus DNA is 1 . 68 X 10 ( 5 ) M - 1 whereas netropsin under similar conditions gives a value of 1 . 85 X 10 ( 7 ) M - 1 .", "entities": [ "netropsin" ] }, { "id": "741", "type": "gene", "text": "Phenotypic screening of mutations in Pmr1 , the yeast secretory pathway Ca2 + / Mn2 + - ATPase , reveals residues critical for ion selectivity and transport .", "entities": [ "Pmr1", "yeast secretory pathway Ca2 + / Mn2 + - ATPase" ] }, { "id": "742", "type": "gene", "text": "Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding alpha - subunits of guanine nucleotide - binding regulatory proteins ( G - proteins ) has revealed the existence of nine species of alpha - subunits .", "entities": [ "guanine nucleotide - binding regulatory proteins", "G - proteins" ] }, { "id": "743", "type": "gene", "text": "No transactivation of the ovalbumin promoter ( pLovTATA ) template control was observed .", "entities": [ "ovalbumin promoter", "pLovTATA" ] }, { "id": "744", "type": "gene", "text": "Pros and cons of selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase - 2 versus dual lipoxygenase / cyclooxygenase inhibition : is two better than one ?", "entities": [ "cyclooxygenase - 2", "lipoxygenase", "cyclooxygenase" ] }, { "id": "749", "type": "gene", "text": "HDE was found to be exclusively targeted to and imported into peroxisomes in both heterologous expression systems .", "entities": [ "HDE" ] }, { "id": "753", "type": "gene", "text": "The other regions include potential binding sites for transcription factors ATF , NF1 , and a CCAAT - binding protein .", "entities": [ "ATF", "NF1", "CCAAT - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "754", "type": "gene", "text": "Both purH and purD genes constitute a single operon and are coregulated in expression by purines as other purine genes are .", "entities": [ "purH", "purD genes", "purine genes" ] }, { "id": "756", "type": "gene", "text": "In situ hybridization reveals strong signals for Zep mRNA in the cerebellum and olfactory bulb with moderate signals detected in the hippocampus and cortex .", "entities": [ "Zep mRNA" ] }, { "id": "757", "type": "gene", "text": "TNF - alpha effect was eliminated by a 2 - bp substitution mutation in the NF - kappa B1 binding half site of the NF - kappa B cis element .", "entities": [ "TNF - alpha", "NF - kappa B1 binding half site", "NF - kappa B cis element" ] }, { "id": "758", "type": "gene", "text": "UV - cross - linking studies suggested that these two complexes represent one and two molecules of ADR1 bound to DNA .", "entities": [ "ADR1" ] }, { "id": "759", "type": "gene", "text": "As already available for the other known mammalian members of this enzyme family , we here define structural and functional features of human lymphoma proprotein convertase ( LPC ) .", "entities": [ "human lymphoma proprotein convertase", "LPC" ] }, { "id": "760", "type": "gene", "text": "The M - phase induction activity of Cdc2 - Cdc13 is inhibited by Wee1 tyrosine kinase , which phosphorylates Cdc2 on tyrosine - 15 .", "entities": [ "Cdc2", "Cdc13", "Wee1 tyrosine kinase", "Cdc2" ] }, { "id": "765", "type": "gene", "text": "Single substitutions of three highly conserved phenylalanine residues ( Phe - 15 , Phe - 17 , Phe - 27 ) by alanine and substitution of one histidine ( His - 29 ) by glutamine , all located within the putative RNA - binding sites RNP - 1 and RNP - 2 , abolished the nucleic acid - binding activity of CspB .", "entities": [ "RNP - 1", "RNP - 2", "CspB" ] }, { "id": "768", "type": "gene", "text": "The results show that while a larger polypeptide substrate carrying the HD1 / 3C site was processed more efficiently than a polypeptide substrate carrying the POL / Zn site , cleavage of the synthetic peptide substrates containing these two cleavage sites occurred at similar efficiencies .", "entities": [ "HD1 / 3C site", "POL / Zn site" ] }, { "id": "769", "type": "gene", "text": "Using transgenic lines a detailed analysis of the Hoxa - 7 enhancer - directed expression during embryogenesis was performed .", "entities": [ "Hoxa - 7" ] }, { "id": "770", "type": "gene", "text": "lacZ expression was first detected in the allantois at day 7 . 5 p . c . and in mesoderm and ectoderm at day 8 . 5 of gestation .", "entities": [ "lacZ" ] }, { "id": "771", "type": "gene", "text": "An ERp60 - like protein from the filarial parasite Dirofilaria immitis has both transglutaminase and protein disulfide isomerase activity .", "entities": [ "ERp60 - like protein" ] }, { "id": "772", "type": "gene", "text": "At promoters that initiate with + 1 GGG , T7 RNAP synthesizes a ladder of poly ( G ) products as a result of slippage of the transcript on the three C residues in the template strand from + 1 to + 3 .", "entities": [ "T7 RNAP" ] }, { "id": "773", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme were well maintained .", "entities": [ "angiotensin converting enzyme" ] }, { "id": "774", "type": "gene", "text": "The UL3 ORF of 204 amino acids shows significant homology to UL3 ( nuclear phosphoprotein ) of HSV - 1 ( 62 % ) and PRV ( 53 % ) .", "entities": [ "UL3 ORF", "UL3" ] }, { "id": "775", "type": "gene", "text": "On Western blots , the same antibodies recognized the recombinant protein migrating slightly slower on SDS / PAGE than chicken axonin - 1 .", "entities": [ "chicken axonin - 1" ] }, { "id": "779", "type": "gene", "text": "The remaining 77 nucleotides at the 3 ' end of domain II and all of domains III ( 655 nucleotides ) and IV ( 770 nucleotides ) are not present in DIssE RNA .", "entities": [ "DIssE RNA" ] }, { "id": "780", "type": "gene", "text": "The biological actions of VHR in oocytes clearly distinguish it from other dual specificity phosphatases , which have shown inhibitory effects when tested in oocytes .", "entities": [ "VHR" ] }, { "id": "782", "type": "gene", "text": "The gp41 peptide ( Glu - Leu - Asp - Lys - Trp - Ala ) fused to the C - terminus of Sj GST forms a loop stabilized by symmetry - related GSTs .", "entities": [ "gp41 peptide ( Glu - Leu - Asp - Lys - Trp - Ala )", "Sj GST", "GSTs" ] }, { "id": "783", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of bioreactive and immunoreactive gastrin .", "entities": [ "gastrin" ] }, { "id": "784", "type": "gene", "text": "Also , PTx had no effect on shear - dependent activation of JNK .", "entities": [ "PTx", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "786", "type": "gene", "text": "We tested several growth regulatory genes that are repressed in senescent cells for ability to restore activity to T [ K1 ] .", "entities": [ "T [ K1 ]" ] }, { "id": "787", "type": "gene", "text": "We analyzed the contribution of the three different types of UV - inducible mitogen - activated protein ( MAP ) kinases ( ERK , JNK / SAPK , and p38 ) to the activation of the murine uPA promoter by UV .", "entities": [ "mitogen - activated protein ( MAP ) kinases", "ERK", "JNK", "SAPK", "p38", "uPA" ] }, { "id": "788", "type": "gene", "text": "The high degree of sequence conservation together with the ability to direct nucleolar protein transport supports the hypothesis that MAK16 proteins play a key role in the biogenesis of 60S subunits .", "entities": [ "MAK16 proteins", "60S subunits" ] }, { "id": "789", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of a nuclear deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor - 1 ( DEAF - 1 ) - related ( NUDR ) transcriptional regulator protein .", "entities": [ "nuclear deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor - 1", "DEAF - 1", "NUDR" ] }, { "id": "790", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that the sck1 gene , cloned as a high copy number suppressor of a mutation in git3 , is able to suppress the defects conferred by a mutation in any of these git genes .", "entities": [ "sck1 gene", "git3", "git genes" ] }, { "id": "793", "type": "gene", "text": "The longest cDNA insert identified was 2 . 2 kb and encoded the entire 462 - amino acid open reading frame of rat CgA including an 18 - amino acid hydrophobic signal peptide .", "entities": [ "rat CgA" ] }, { "id": "795", "type": "gene", "text": "Cotransfection with C / EBPbeta and GATA - 1 expression vectors produced a 5 - fold increase compared with cotransfection with the C / EBPbeta or GATA - 1 expression vectors individually .", "entities": [ "C / EBPbeta", "GATA - 1", "C / EBPbeta", "GATA - 1" ] }, { "id": "797", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast to the p16 - mediated G1 block , G1 arrest mediated by the cdk inhibitors p21Cip1 or p27Kip1 cannot be bypassed either by inactivation of pRb or overexpression of E2F family members .", "entities": [ "p16", "cdk", "p21Cip1", "p27Kip1", "pRb", "E2F family members" ] }, { "id": "798", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , the authors found one an3 allele ( an3 - W138A ) in which a dTph1 element had inserted 30 bp upstream the translation start , without inactivating the gene .", "entities": [ "an3 allele", "an3 - W138A", "dTph1 element" ] }, { "id": "800", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate the role of bHLH proteins in MC3T3 - E1 osteoblasts , which undergo a developmental sequence in vitro , we analyzed the transcriptional control of osteocalcin gene expression by stable transfection of an osteocalcin promoter - luciferase chimeric gene ( p637OC - luc ) and assessed the role of E - box cis - acting elements in osteocalcin promoter by DNA binding assays .", "entities": [ "bHLH proteins", "osteocalcin gene", "osteocalcin promoter", "luciferase", "p637OC - luc", "osteocalcin promoter" ] }, { "id": "802", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we show that HNF - 4 , a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily , binds the AF - 1 site on the apoB promoter and through it activates transcription in transient transfection assays in both liver and non - liver cell lines , HepG2 and HeLa , respectively .", "entities": [ "HNF - 4", "steroid hormone receptor superfamily", "AF - 1 site", "apoB promoter" ] }, { "id": "805", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously shown that the transcriptional activator CREM is highly expressed in postmeiotic cells .", "entities": [ "CREM" ] }, { "id": "809", "type": "gene", "text": "Our current study aims at clarifying the role of myristoylation in caveolar targeting using well - characterized acylation mutants of two model proteins , namely Gi1 alpha and c - Src .", "entities": [ "Gi1 alpha", "c - Src" ] }, { "id": "811", "type": "gene", "text": "We infer that RecA - mediated cleavage of UmuD is another role for RecA in SOS mutagenesis , probably activating UmuD for its mutagenic function .", "entities": [ "RecA", "UmuD", "RecA", "UmuD" ] }, { "id": "814", "type": "gene", "text": "The Rep proteins of adeno - associated virus type 2 ( AAV ) are known to bind to Rep recognition sequences ( RRSs ) in the AAV inverted terminal repeats ( ITRs ) , the AAV p5 promoter , and the preferred AAV integration site in human chromosome 19 , called AAVS1 .", "entities": [ "Rep proteins", "Rep recognition sequences", "RRSs", "AAV p5 promoter" ] }, { "id": "816", "type": "gene", "text": "The levels of TPAR1 mRNAs were dramatically down - regulated in regenerating rat liver when compared to normal adult liver .", "entities": [ "TPAR1 mRNAs" ] }, { "id": "818", "type": "gene", "text": "The authors suggest that alprazolam may have enhanced specificity for a subpopulation of benzodiazepine receptors .", "entities": [ "benzodiazepine receptors" ] }, { "id": "819", "type": "gene", "text": "Southern hybridization analysis of BenR and BenS transformants suggested that plasmid integration occurred most frequently at the chromosomal bens locus , however evidence for gene conversion and heterologous recombination was also observed .", "entities": [ "BenR", "BenS transformants", "bens locus" ] }, { "id": "820", "type": "gene", "text": "The analysis of the effects of eight signaling molecules in the TGFbeta , FGF , Hh , Wnt , and EGF families in tooth explant cultures revealed that the expression of edar was induced by activinbetaA , whereas Wnt6 induced ectodysplasin expression .", "entities": [ "TGFbeta", "FGF", "Hh", "Wnt", "EGF families", "edar", "activinbetaA", "Wnt6", "ectodysplasin" ] }, { "id": "821", "type": "gene", "text": "In mouse , two high - affinity binding sites with an apparent dissociation constant ( Kd ) of 50 to 100 nM have been mapped in the 5 ' ETS upstream from the early pre - rRNA processing site .", "entities": [ "ETS" ] }, { "id": "824", "type": "gene", "text": "This deletion disrupts the PU . 1 Ets domain .", "entities": [ "Ets domain" ] }, { "id": "825", "type": "gene", "text": "In turn , production of sufficient amounts of TraR apparently is sensitive to a cellular function requiring RNase D .", "entities": [ "TraR", "RNase D" ] }, { "id": "826", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted product exhibits 91 % amino acid identity to the murine voltage - gated potassium channel protein Kv1 . 7 ( Kcna7 ) , which plays an important role in the repolarization of cell membranes .", "entities": [ "murine voltage - gated potassium channel protein Kv1 . 7", "Kcna7" ] }, { "id": "827", "type": "gene", "text": "Phytohemagglutinin ( PHA ) , the seed lectin of the common bean , accumulates in protein storage vacuoles of storage parenchyma cells in cotyledons .", "entities": [ "Phytohemagglutinin", "PHA", "seed lectin" ] }, { "id": "828", "type": "gene", "text": "This dynamic nature may be relevant to the ability of E47 both to homodimerize and to heterodimerize with MyoD , Id , and Tal1 .", "entities": [ "E47", "MyoD", "Id", "Tal1" ] }, { "id": "832", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of p50 in transient cotransfection studies using the proximal CRP promoter ( - 125 / + 9 ) linked to a luciferase reporter caused a 3 - fold increase of luciferase activity , while C / EBPbeta overexpression caused an 18 - fold increase ; simultaneous overexpression of both transcription factors increased luciferase activity approximately 600 - fold .", "entities": [ "p50", "CRP promoter", "luciferase reporter", "luciferase", "C / EBPbeta", "luciferase" ] }, { "id": "833", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest that it might be possible to augment IN function in vivo through a heterologous domain .", "entities": [ "IN" ] }, { "id": "834", "type": "gene", "text": "While differential expression of the two transcripts was not found , the promoter controlling LT1 / LT2 transcription is regulated in a cell cycle - dependent manner .", "entities": [ "LT1", "LT2" ] }, { "id": "836", "type": "gene", "text": "A survey of children with HBsAg markers related to their parents HBV markers .", "entities": [ "HBsAg markers" ] }, { "id": "837", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunological studies also failed to demonstrate any significant change except for a significant increase of natural killer ( NK ) cell activity after IFN - gamma infusion .", "entities": [ "IFN - gamma" ] }, { "id": "839", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic analyses indicate that most of the dominant mutants are cis - acting and that the recessive mutants define a minimum of three complementation groups , indicating that defects in several different genes can restore higher levels of HIS4C expression .", "entities": [ "HIS4C" ] }, { "id": "840", "type": "gene", "text": "Rat cholesterol side - chain cleavage cytochrome P - 450 ( P - 450scc ) gene .", "entities": [ "Rat cholesterol side - chain cleavage cytochrome P - 450", "P - 450scc" ] }, { "id": "842", "type": "gene", "text": "Pig uPA promoter - CAT constructs were more active than mouse constructs in this assay .", "entities": [ "uPA", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "843", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning the cDNA for a new human zinc finger protein defines a group of closely related Kruppel - like transcription factors .", "entities": [ "human zinc finger protein", "Kruppel - like transcription factors" ] }, { "id": "844", "type": "gene", "text": "By computed homology search , we noticed significant similarities between US3 PK and p21 - activated kinase ( PAK ) , which is activated by the Cdc42 or Rac .", "entities": [ "US3 PK", "p21 - activated kinase", "PAK", "Cdc42", "Rac" ] }, { "id": "847", "type": "gene", "text": "These 8 - oxoguanine DNA glycosylases , hOgg1 ( human ) and mOgg1 ( murine ) , are homologous to each other and to yeast Ogg1 .", "entities": [ "8 - oxoguanine DNA glycosylases", "hOgg1", "mOgg1", "yeast Ogg1" ] }, { "id": "848", "type": "gene", "text": "The CHED protein includes the consensus ATP binding and phosphorylation domains characteristic of kinases , displays 34 - 42 % identically aligned amino acid residues with other cdc2 - related kinases , and is considerably longer at its amino and carboxyl termini .", "entities": [ "CHED protein", "cdc2 - related kinases" ] }, { "id": "849", "type": "gene", "text": "CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that , by interacting with cellular transcription factors and cofactors , vIRF - 2 may modulate the expression of the early inflammatory genes and potentially deregulate the immune system .", "entities": [ "vIRF - 2" ] }, { "id": "851", "type": "gene", "text": "We report that Gcn5 , a histone H3 acetylase , plays a central role in initiation of meiosis via effects on IME2 expression .", "entities": [ "Gcn5", "histone H3 acetylase", "IME2" ] }, { "id": "852", "type": "gene", "text": "The carboxy - proximal regions of the VP1 , which contain very low amino acid homology , displayed evidence of conservation in structural features such as a hydrophilic , highly basic domain .", "entities": [ "VP1" ] }, { "id": "853", "type": "gene", "text": "Interferon - alpha inducibility of IFI16 may be regulated by an interferon - alpha / beta - stimulated response consensus element in the 5 ' UT exon , as a similar motif is conserved in the corresponding position in the related myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen gene . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS )", "entities": [ "Interferon - alpha", "IFI16", "interferon - alpha / beta", "myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen" ] }, { "id": "860", "type": "gene", "text": "In the present study we use a tnaC - UGA - ' lacZ construct lacking the tnaC - tnaA spacer region to analyze the effect of TnaC synthesis on the behavior of the ribosome that translates tnaC .", "entities": [ "tnaC", "' lacZ", "tnaC", "tnaA", "TnaC", "tnaC" ] }, { "id": "865", "type": "gene", "text": "Antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the 5 ' end of PKC - zeta mRNA sequences significantly reduced the collagen lattice - stimulated alpha2 and MMP - 1 mRNA levels .", "entities": [ "PKC - zeta mRNA sequences", "collagen", "MMP - 1 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "866", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of a HIF - 1alpha construct with deletions of the basic domain and carboxy terminus blocked reporter gene activation by endogenous HIF - 1 in hypoxic cells .", "entities": [ "HIF - 1alpha", "HIF - 1" ] }, { "id": "869", "type": "gene", "text": "Residues crucial for Ras interaction with GDP - GTP exchangers .", "entities": [ "Ras", "GDP - GTP exchangers" ] }, { "id": "871", "type": "gene", "text": "In serum - starved NIH 3T3 cells , v - raf increased mdr1 promoter activity approximately 10 - fold compared to a v - raf frame - shift control .", "entities": [ "v - raf", "mdr1 promoter", "v - raf" ] }, { "id": "872", "type": "gene", "text": "Searching the human DNA data base of expressed sequence tags ( EST ) revealed novel partial sequences similar to , but distinct from , the sequences of the previously known PEF proteins .", "entities": [ "PEF proteins" ] }, { "id": "874", "type": "gene", "text": "It is also affected by the HAP2 / 3 / 4 transcription factor complex and by SNF1 and SSN6 .", "entities": [ "HAP2 / 3 / 4 transcription factor complex", "SNF1", "SSN6" ] }, { "id": "875", "type": "gene", "text": "The effective use of superoxide dismutase from human erythrocytes in the late stages of experimental influenza infection", "entities": [ "superoxide dismutase" ] }, { "id": "876", "type": "gene", "text": "Two different genes ( polA and polB ) encoding family B DNA polymerases were cloned from the organism by PCR using degenerated primers based on the two conserved motifs ( motif A and B ) .", "entities": [ "polA", "polB", "family B DNA polymerases" ] }, { "id": "878", "type": "gene", "text": "Structure and regulation of the luteinizing hormone receptor gene .", "entities": [ "luteinizing hormone receptor gene" ] }, { "id": "884", "type": "gene", "text": "Western immunoblot analysis detected p55gag and its cleavage products p39 and p27 in purified particles derived by expression of gag and gag - pol , respectively .", "entities": [ "p55gag", "p39", "p27", "gag", "gag", "pol" ] }, { "id": "887", "type": "gene", "text": "3 - 5 - fold increases in EGF receptor but not p185 ( neu ) tyrosine phosphorylation occur following Gi - coupled receptor stimulation .", "entities": [ "EGF receptor", "p185", "neu", "Gi - coupled receptor" ] }, { "id": "888", "type": "gene", "text": "Next , to examine the regulation mechanism of CD44 / ERM interaction in vivo , we reexamined the immunoprecipitated CD44 / ERM complex from BHK cells and found that it contains Rho - GDP dissociation inhibitor ( GDI ) , a regulator of Rho GTPase .", "entities": [ "CD44", "ERM", "CD44", "ERM", "Rho - GDP dissociation inhibitor", "GDI", "Rho GTPase" ] }, { "id": "891", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine cis - acting elements controlling the rat B - 50 / GAP - 43 gene expression , the genomic DNA encoding exon 1 and the 5 ' flanking sequence was isolated .", "entities": [ "B - 50", "GAP - 43" ] }, { "id": "893", "type": "gene", "text": "Through genomic library screening and PCR - based genomic walking we have now cloned the mouse E - Tmod gene , whose coding region spans approximately 60kb containing nine exons and eight introns .", "entities": [ "mouse E - Tmod gene" ] }, { "id": "894", "type": "gene", "text": "TNF - alpha stimulated these changes in part by increasing transcription and stabilization of RNA for amphiregulin , an EGF receptor ligand , and amphiregulin directly increased HPV - 16 E6 / E7 and cyclin A RNAs .", "entities": [ "TNF - alpha", "amphiregulin", "EGF receptor", "amphiregulin", "E6", "E7", "cyclin A RNAs" ] }, { "id": "896", "type": "gene", "text": "Fusions between the GAL DNA binding domain and full - length mSin3 were also capable of repression .", "entities": [ "GAL DNA binding domain", "full - length mSin3" ] }, { "id": "899", "type": "gene", "text": "Antibodies against REAP - 1 inhibit in vitro RNA editing reactions confirming its role in RNA editing .", "entities": [ "REAP - 1" ] }, { "id": "900", "type": "gene", "text": "The full - length cDNA was cloned and sequenced , and the inferred amino acid sequence was found to encode a novel protein , which we named cystatin M , with 40 % homology to human family 2 cystatins and similar overall structure .", "entities": [ "cystatin M", "human family 2 cystatins" ] }, { "id": "902", "type": "gene", "text": "BAG - 1 also prevented growth arrest following UV - irradiation - induced genotoxic injury without interfering with accumulation of p53 protein or p21 ( waf - 1 ) expression .", "entities": [ "BAG - 1", "p53 protein", "p21", "waf - 1" ] }, { "id": "904", "type": "gene", "text": "These larger sizes , however , are consistent with predictions from the DNA sequence of the pol gene .", "entities": [ "pol gene" ] }, { "id": "908", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , two cis - acting elements direct the first zygotic expression of Kr in a striped subpattern within the central region of the blastoderm embryo .", "entities": [ "Kr" ] }, { "id": "911", "type": "gene", "text": "We have isolated a unique murine FLT3 cDNA that codes for a variant isoform of FLT3 , devoid of the fifth Ig - like domain , by comparison with the prototypic form .", "entities": [ "murine FLT3 cDNA", "FLT3", "Ig - like domain" ] }, { "id": "912", "type": "gene", "text": "P53 mutations also offer new approaches to the study of the origins of mutations in human cancer .", "entities": [ "P53 mutations" ] }, { "id": "915", "type": "gene", "text": "Particle bombardment of barley aleurone with a B22EL8 promoter - GUS ( beta - glucuronidase ) construct demonstrates that the promoter ( 3 kb ) is active in developing barley grains .", "entities": [ "B22EL8 promoter", "GUS", "beta - glucuronidase" ] }, { "id": "918", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of regions of fibronectin besides the arginine - glycine - aspartic acid sequence required for adhesive function of the cell - binding domain using site - directed mutagenesis .", "entities": [ "fibronectin" ] }, { "id": "920", "type": "gene", "text": "Elements regulating cell - and stage - specific expression of the C . elegans MyoD family homolog hlh - 1 .", "entities": [ "MyoD", "hlh - 1" ] }, { "id": "921", "type": "gene", "text": "An analysis of the c - kit 5 ' flanking region using the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene ( CAT assay ) in human erythroleukemia HEL cells , which express the endogenous c - kit mRNA at high levels , showed that a region from - 180 to - 22 is important for the expression of the c - kit gene .", "entities": [ "c - kit 5 ' flanking region", "bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene", "CAT", "c - kit mRNA", "c - kit gene" ] }, { "id": "922", "type": "gene", "text": "After 5 days stimulation with G - CSF ( 10 micrograms / kg ) 1l of blood was drawn , kept unprocessed for 3 days and reinfused 24 h after completion of chemotherapy .", "entities": [ "G - CSF" ] }, { "id": "924", "type": "gene", "text": "However , the relative substrate specificity of RSK3 differed from that reported for other isoforms .", "entities": [ "RSK3" ] }, { "id": "925", "type": "gene", "text": "Our data indicate that the various subunits of the human P - TEFb complex may play distinct roles at multiple stages to mediate Tat activation of HIV - 1 transcription elongation .", "entities": [ "P - TEFb", "Tat" ] }, { "id": "929", "type": "gene", "text": "Sox8 maps to the t complex on mouse chromosome 17 and to human chromosome 16p13 . 3 , a region associated with the microphthalmia - cataract syndrome CATM and the alpha - thalassemia / mental retardation syndrome ATR - 16 .", "entities": [ "Sox8", "t complex" ] }, { "id": "931", "type": "gene", "text": "The TCR beta enhancer was active on both the minimal simian virus 40 promoter and a TCR beta variable gene promoter in both TCR alpha / beta + and TCR gamma / delta + T cells .", "entities": [ "TCR beta enhancer", "minimal simian virus 40 promoter", "TCR beta variable gene promoter", "TCR alpha / beta", "TCR gamma / delta" ] }, { "id": "933", "type": "gene", "text": "Recently , we demonstrated that platelet - derived growth factor ( PDGF ) - beta receptor stimulation , but not various other growth factors , inhibits transcription of alpha1D - , but not alpha1A - or alpha1B - ARs , resulting in reduced norepinephrine - mediated SMC growth .", "entities": [ "platelet - derived growth factor ( PDGF ) - beta receptor", "alpha1D", "alpha1A", "alpha1B - ARs" ] }, { "id": "934", "type": "gene", "text": "Southern blot analysis following reverse transcription and PCR showed that B2R is expressed in most mouse tissues , except the liver and spleen , which is consistent with the wide distribution of B2R activity as deduced from pharmacological studies .", "entities": [ "B2R", "B2R" ] }, { "id": "940", "type": "gene", "text": "Mean CD4 percentages were lower postpartum ( 21 . 9 + / - 3 . 4 ) than prepartum ( 45 . 1 + / - 6 . 7 ) in all five patients studied , although proliferative responses to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed were unchanged during the study period .", "entities": [ "CD4", "mitogens phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed" ] }, { "id": "944", "type": "gene", "text": "The results indicate that the RNA in T7 RNA polymerase is not free of steric interactions in the ternary complex and not available for structure formation until it is at least 10 bases away from the site of polymerization .", "entities": [ "T7 RNA polymerase" ] }, { "id": "945", "type": "gene", "text": "The STP1 locus is located on chromosome IV close to at least two other genes involved in RNA splicing : PRP3 and SPP41 .", "entities": [ "STP1 locus", "PRP3", "SPP41" ] }, { "id": "947", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro , SHIP catalyzes the conversion of the phosphoinositide 3 - kinase ( PI3K ) product phosphatidylinositol 3 , 4 , 5 - trisphosphate ( PIP3 ) into phosphatidylinositol 3 , 4 - bisphosphate .", "entities": [ "SHIP", "phosphoinositide 3 - kinase", "PI3K" ] }, { "id": "948", "type": "gene", "text": "Like pimethixene and cyproheptadine , WA 335 has no distinct antagonistic qualities against bradykinin .", "entities": [ "bradykinin" ] }, { "id": "951", "type": "gene", "text": "The WEB2 gene encodes a 1 , 522 - amino - acid protein with homology to nucleic acid - dependent ATPases .", "entities": [ "WEB2 gene", "nucleic acid - dependent ATPases" ] }, { "id": "952", "type": "gene", "text": "Evidence that the AT1A receptor activates transcription factor - Stat91 and / or a related protein .", "entities": [ "AT1A receptor", "transcription factor - Stat91" ] }, { "id": "954", "type": "gene", "text": "The two complexes were detected with a similar activation kinetics upon IL - 4 stimulation .", "entities": [ "IL - 4" ] }, { "id": "956", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate the preferential endometrial cell - type expression of BTEB and suggest its regulatory role in pregnancy - associated endometrial epithelial gene expression .", "entities": [ "BTEB" ] }, { "id": "957", "type": "gene", "text": "Spen is the only known homeotic protein with RNP binding motifs , which indicates that splicing , transport , or other RNA regulatory steps are involved in the diversification of segmental morphology .", "entities": [ "Spen", "homeotic protein" ] }, { "id": "962", "type": "gene", "text": "None of the 10 sequences has hitherto been recognized as part of the p53 signaling pathway .", "entities": [ "p53" ] }, { "id": "964", "type": "gene", "text": "The majority of the human Ig heavy chain ( IgH ) constant ( C ) region locus has been cloned and mapped .", "entities": [ "human Ig heavy chain ( IgH ) constant ( C ) region locus" ] }, { "id": "967", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcriptional start site ( s ) of the IA - 2 gene was mapped by 5 ' rapid amplification of cDNA ends to 97 bp upstream of the translational start site .", "entities": [ "IA - 2 gene" ] }, { "id": "968", "type": "gene", "text": "The RAG - 2 gene encodes a component of the V ( D ) J recombinase which is essential for the assembly of antigen receptor genes in B and T lymphocytes .", "entities": [ "RAG - 2 gene", "V ( D ) J recombinase" ] }, { "id": "970", "type": "gene", "text": "We have characterized 21 mutations in the type VII collagen gene ( COL7A1 ) encoding the anchoring fibrils , 18 of which were not previously reported , in patients from 15 unrelated families with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa ( RDEB ) .", "entities": [ "type VII collagen gene", "COL7A1" ] }, { "id": "972", "type": "gene", "text": "Both residues are conserved in the three phosphorylated paralogs but are absent in the ones that were not substrates of RsbT : YetI and YezB , each of which bears only one of the conserved residues ; and YtvA , which lacks both residues and instead possesses an N - terminal PAS domain .", "entities": [ "RsbT", "YetI", "YezB", "YtvA", "PAS" ] }, { "id": "976", "type": "gene", "text": "The Zn - 15 DNA - binding domain comprises three zinc fingers separated by unusually long linker sequences that would be expected to interrupt specific DNA site recognition .", "entities": [ "Zn - 15 DNA - binding domain" ] }, { "id": "980", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistently , we show that phosphorylation by protein kinase A inhibits Sfl1 DNA binding in vitro , and that a tpk2Delta mutation increases the levels of Sfl1 protein associated with specific promoter elements in vivo .", "entities": [ "protein kinase A", "Sfl1", "tpk2Delta", "Sfl1 protein" ] }, { "id": "981", "type": "gene", "text": "The response sequences were localized between - 67 and + 30 in the simian cytomegalovirus IE94 promoter and upstream of position + 9 in the HCMV IE68 promoter .", "entities": [ "IE94 promoter", "HCMV IE68 promoter" ] }, { "id": "982", "type": "gene", "text": "Some CHOP - C / EBP heterodimers apparently bind to alternative DNA sequence and thereby regulate the transcription of other genes .", "entities": [ "CHOP", "C / EBP" ] }, { "id": "983", "type": "gene", "text": "To identify and determine the function of Ino2p in yeast cells , we raised antibodies to a beta - galactosidase / Ino2 fusion protein .", "entities": [ "Ino2p", "beta - galactosidase", "Ino2" ] }, { "id": "984", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analyses were used to examine the regulated expression of the cys - 14 + gene .", "entities": [ "cys - 14 + gene" ] }, { "id": "988", "type": "gene", "text": "The arrangement of amino acids in the helix 1 and helix 2 regions is quite similar to those of Mxi and Mad , but different from those of E2F - 1 and DP - 1 .", "entities": [ "Mxi", "Mad", "E2F - 1", "DP - 1" ] }, { "id": "990", "type": "gene", "text": "The present study also emphasizes the need of establishing dose - response curves to correctly assess the relative contribution of the different regions of steroid hormone receptors in activation of transcription .", "entities": [ "steroid hormone receptors" ] }, { "id": "993", "type": "gene", "text": "By contrast with ama - 1 , rpc - 1 was not deleted by mDf4 or larger deficiencies examined , indicating that these genes are no closer than 150 kb .", "entities": [ "ama - 1", "rpc - 1" ] }, { "id": "994", "type": "gene", "text": "Accordingly , constitutive downregulation of expression of accessory molecules of the MHC class I pathway can reveal differences between H2 class I alleles in antigen presentation not encountered when the expression levels are augmented .", "entities": [ "MHC class I pathway", "H2 class I alleles" ] }, { "id": "995", "type": "gene", "text": "Anovulatory cycles with an apparently normal level of blood prolactin .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "996", "type": "gene", "text": "Legionella antibodies in domestic animals", "entities": [ "Legionella antibodies" ] }, { "id": "1001", "type": "gene", "text": "We further examined the interaction of JAK2 with the GHR cytoplasmic domain by two lines of investigation .", "entities": [ "JAK2", "GHR" ] }, { "id": "1002", "type": "gene", "text": "These p21 - E2F complexes , while present in young G1 cells at very low levels , were elevated in senescent cells .", "entities": [ "p21", "E2F" ] }, { "id": "1003", "type": "gene", "text": "There is little similarity among the sequences upstream from the CAP site of the Spec2 genes except the TATA consensus sequence and a repeating trinucleotide , AAC .", "entities": [ "Spec2 genes" ] }, { "id": "1005", "type": "gene", "text": "The reconstituted RNA polymerases containing the mutant alpha subunits were examined for their response to transcription activation by cAMP - CRP and the rrnBP1 UP element .", "entities": [ "RNA polymerases", "cAMP - CRP", "rrnBP1 UP element" ] }, { "id": "1007", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results indicate that GCN4 contains two activation domains of similar potency that can function independently to promote high - level transcription of the target genes HIS3 and HIS4 .", "entities": [ "GCN4", "HIS3", "HIS4" ] }, { "id": "1009", "type": "gene", "text": "Tax was demonstrated to interact directly with CREB1 but not with other bZIP proteins , including CREB2 and Jun .", "entities": [ "Tax", "CREB1", "bZIP proteins", "CREB2", "Jun" ] }, { "id": "1013", "type": "gene", "text": "We also demonstrate that a p110RB1 mutant , which is refractory to cell cycle phosphorylation but intact in E1a / large T antigen - binding properties , represses EIIaE with 50 - to 80 - fold greater efficiency than wild - type p110RB1 .", "entities": [ "p110RB1 mutant", "E1a", "large T antigen", "EIIaE", "wild - type p110RB1" ] }, { "id": "1015", "type": "gene", "text": "The IGFBP - 1 IRS and PEPCK IRS both bind the alpha and beta forms of hepatic nuclear factor 3 ( HNF - 3 ) , although the latter does so with a sixfold - lower relative affinity .", "entities": [ "IRS", "IRS", "hepatic nuclear factor 3", "HNF - 3" ] }, { "id": "1020", "type": "gene", "text": "Sucrose - specific signalling represses translation of the Arabidopsis ATB2 bZIP transcription factor gene .", "entities": [ "Arabidopsis ATB2 bZIP transcription factor gene" ] }, { "id": "1022", "type": "gene", "text": "Our aim was to check whether , during PG - DS administration , serum lipase activity changes simultaneously with serum amylase activity , and , if so , what the reason is for the detected change .", "entities": [ "lipase", "amylase" ] }, { "id": "1027", "type": "gene", "text": "The effect of the NMDA - receptor antagonist ( + / - ) - CPP on the conditioned - reflex activation of an operant reaction in the brain electrical self - stimulation test in rats", "entities": [ "NMDA - receptor" ] }, { "id": "1028", "type": "gene", "text": "Within any cell line , several Tcfs and TLEs are co - expressed .", "entities": [ "Tcfs", "TLEs" ] }, { "id": "1029", "type": "gene", "text": "Constructs containing fragments of the upstream region of the cytotactin gene fused to a promoterless gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase were transiently transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts to define functional promoter sequences .", "entities": [ "cytotactin gene", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "1030", "type": "gene", "text": "We investigated the pattern of evolution of bronchial albumin , IgA , and IgG levels in ventilated ICU patients in relation to nosocomial pneumonia .", "entities": [ "albumin", "IgA", "IgG" ] }, { "id": "1032", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations away from splice site recognition sequences might cis - modulate alternative splicing of goat alpha s1 - casein transcripts .", "entities": [ "alpha s1 - casein transcripts" ] }, { "id": "1034", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter , spliced leader , and coding sequence for BICP4 , the largest of the immediate - early proteins of bovine herpesvirus 1 .", "entities": [ "BICP4", "immediate - early proteins of bovine herpesvirus 1" ] }, { "id": "1036", "type": "gene", "text": "Our data suggest that the ZF - HD class of homeodomain proteins may be involved in the establishment of the characteristic expression pattern of the C4 PEPCase gene .", "entities": [ "ZF - HD", "homeodomain proteins", "C4 PEPCase gene" ] }, { "id": "1037", "type": "gene", "text": "There was no correlation between starting platelet - associated IgG levels or changes in platelet - associated IgG levels with therapy and the increment in the patient ' s platelet count .", "entities": [ "IgG", "IgG" ] }, { "id": "1038", "type": "gene", "text": "We investigated whether two WT1 splice variants lacking or including a three - amino - acid ( KTS ) insertion between the third and fourth zinc finger in the DNA - binding domain could repress the IR promoter in vitro .", "entities": [ "WT1 splice variants", "IR promoter" ] }, { "id": "1040", "type": "gene", "text": "The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 95 . 3 and 76 . 1 % identity with the CAD sequences of hamster and Squalus acanthias .", "entities": [ "CAD sequences of hamster and Squalus acanthias" ] }, { "id": "1041", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast translocation of G1 to the Golgi was not observed when G1 was coexpressed with NSm , although NSm itself was still detected in the Golgi .", "entities": [ "G1", "G1", "NSm", "NSm" ] }, { "id": "1042", "type": "gene", "text": "Since simian virus 40 ( SV40 ) large T antigen and human papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV16 ) E7 protein also bind host regulatory factors , we investigated whether these viral proteins can complement E1A mutants which are defective in early gene activation .", "entities": [ "simian virus 40 ( SV40 ) large T antigen", "human papillomavirus type 16 ( HPV16 ) E7 protein", "E1A mutants" ] }, { "id": "1043", "type": "gene", "text": "We further showed a significant repression of promoter activity ( > 40 fold ) by E2 - 2 ( lacking the amino acid sequence RSRS ) when the E47 reporter construct , containing a hexameric E - box site , was used .", "entities": [ "E2 - 2", "E47 reporter construct" ] }, { "id": "1046", "type": "gene", "text": "A 400 - bp fragment ( bp - 339 through + 71 ) of the CD22 promoter region was subcloned into a pGEM - chloramphenicol acetyltransferase vector and after transfection into B and T cells was found to be active in both B and T cells .", "entities": [ "CD22 promoter region", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "1047", "type": "gene", "text": "RESULTS : There were no significant differences in the mean serum vitamin A , E concentrations and vitamin E / cholesterol ratio between pregnant women with normal hemoglobin and hemoglobinopathies , while confounding variables that might affect serum vitamin levels i . e . maternal age , gravida , BMI , gestational age , hematocrit , hemoglobin , mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and blood group were not different .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin", "hemoglobin", "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1049", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility - shift assays between viral RNA and BMV CP peptides with either proline or alanine substitutions revealed that the interaction is nonspecific .", "entities": [ "BMV CP peptides" ] }, { "id": "1055", "type": "gene", "text": "No significant difference in plasma ET levels was found between cardiac and peripheral sampling sites ( pulmonary artery ; 1 . 07 + / - 0 . 28 , right atrium ; 1 . 02 + / - 0 . 28 , peripheral artery ; 1 . 12 + / - 0 . 23 , peripheral vein ; 1 . 14 + / - 0 . 38 fmol / ml : N . S . ) , or among patients with uncomplicated MI , unstable angina ( 1 . 00 + / - 0 . 32 fmol / ml ) , and healthy subjects ( 1 . 01 + / - 0 . 29 fmol / ml ) .", "entities": [ "ET" ] }, { "id": "1057", "type": "gene", "text": "Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II alpha gene expression by the p53 tumor suppressor .", "entities": [ "DNA topoisomerase II alpha gene", "p53 tumor suppressor" ] }, { "id": "1064", "type": "gene", "text": "The gap protein knirps mediates both quenching and direct repression in the Drosophila embryo .", "entities": [ "gap", "knirps" ] }, { "id": "1067", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we demonstrate that CD40 or IgM receptor stimulation of primary B cells results in transactivation of this enhancer .", "entities": [ "CD40", "IgM receptor" ] }, { "id": "1068", "type": "gene", "text": "This cell line expresses productively rearranged immunoglobulin genes as well as the Oct - 2 gene at high levels which are comparable to those observed in activated murine splenic B cells .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin genes", "Oct - 2 gene" ] }, { "id": "1069", "type": "gene", "text": "The relationship between CSF somatostatin and peripheral thyroid hormones was assessed in 11 affectively ill patients before and during carbamazepine treatment .", "entities": [ "CSF somatostatin" ] }, { "id": "1070", "type": "gene", "text": "Both RNA14 and RNA15 wild - type genes , when cloned on a multicopy plasmid , are able to suppress the temperature - sensitive phenotype of strains bearing either the rna14 or the rna15 mutation , suggesting that the encoded proteins could interact with each other .", "entities": [ "RNA14", "RNA15 wild - type genes", "rna14", "rna15 mutation" ] }, { "id": "1071", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatments were two adrenocorticotrophin ( ACTH ) preparations given intramuscularly at 2 . 2 U / kg , one of the ACTH preparations given intramuscularly at 1 U / kg and a synthetic polypeptide with ACTH - like activity ( tetracosactrin , cosyntropin ) given intravenously at 5 micrograms / kg .", "entities": [ "adrenocorticotrophin", "ACTH", "ACTH", "ACTH - like" ] }, { "id": "1074", "type": "gene", "text": "PRIP contains two LXXLL signature motifs .", "entities": [ "PRIP" ] }, { "id": "1076", "type": "gene", "text": "Like the human gene , the Drosophila gene encodes at least three isoforms of full length dystrophin - like proteins ( dmDLP1 , dmDLP2 and dmDLP3 , ) , regulated by different promoters located at the 5 ' end of the gene , and a smaller product regulated by an internal promoter ( dmDp186 ) .", "entities": [ "full length dystrophin - like proteins", "dmDLP1", "dmDLP2", "dmDLP3", "dmDp186" ] }, { "id": "1077", "type": "gene", "text": "Accordingly , infection of IFN - pretreated HeLa S3 cells with an E3L - deficient VV ( VVDeltaE3L ) resulted in increased phosphorylation levels of both PKR and eIF2alpha .", "entities": [ "IFN", "PKR", "eIF2alpha" ] }, { "id": "1085", "type": "gene", "text": "Vibrio cholerae iron transport : haem transport genes are linked to one of two sets of tonB , exbB , exbD genes .", "entities": [ "tonB", "exbB", "exbD genes" ] }, { "id": "1086", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted amino - acid sequence includes an N - terminal signal sequence of 27 amino acids , a 27 amino - acid pro - region , a 251 amino - acid catalytic domain typical of a serine protease with trypsin - like specificity , and a C - terminal hydrophobic extension which is predicted to function as a membrane anchor .", "entities": [ "serine protease", "trypsin" ] }, { "id": "1087", "type": "gene", "text": "To examine the biochemical mechanism of Tax1 transactivation , we have developed an in vitro transactivation assay in which wild - type Tax1 is able to specifically transactivate a polymerase II promoter through upstream Tax1 - responsive elements .", "entities": [ "Tax1", "Tax1", "polymerase II", "Tax1 - responsive elements" ] }, { "id": "1088", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , PMA - , PDGF - , and serum - induced GHR proteolysis was associated with substantial decreases in GH - induced activation of Janus kinase - 2 , which were also prevented by IC3 .", "entities": [ "PDGF", "GHR", "GH", "Janus kinase - 2" ] }, { "id": "1089", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , IF - laser therapy has a certain antioxidative effect by increasing SOD activity in RA patients ' blood cells and reducing the production of highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen forms .", "entities": [ "SOD" ] }, { "id": "1090", "type": "gene", "text": "Reactive mesothelial cells , usually seen as exfoliated cells , were consistently strongly positive for alpha 1 - antichymotrypsin and more variably for alpha 1 - antitrypsin and lysozyme .", "entities": [ "alpha 1 - antichymotrypsin", "alpha 1 - antitrypsin", "lysozyme" ] }, { "id": "1091", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant propeptides containing mutations of one of the three tryptophan residues were three orders of magnitude less effective as inhibitors of mature cathepsin S than the wild - type propeptide .", "entities": [ "mature cathepsin S" ] }, { "id": "1094", "type": "gene", "text": "In patients with active TB , cytokines that were elevated in serum were IFN - gamma , IL - 6 and IL - 10 .", "entities": [ "IFN - gamma", "IL - 6", "IL - 10" ] }, { "id": "1095", "type": "gene", "text": "Isolation and properties of Drosophila melanogaster ferritin - - molecular cloning of a cDNA that encodes one subunit , and localization of the gene on the third chromosome .", "entities": [ "Drosophila melanogaster ferritin" ] }, { "id": "1096", "type": "gene", "text": "We show that Fos down regulates several immediate - early genes ( c - fos , Egr - 1 , and Egr - 2 ) after mitogenic stimulation .", "entities": [ "Fos", "immediate - early genes", "c - fos", "Egr - 1", "Egr - 2" ] }, { "id": "1097", "type": "gene", "text": "This study demonstrates a novel link between alterations in platelet - derived growth factor ( PDGF ) regulation of ornithine decarboxylase ( ODC ) expression during malignant conversion .", "entities": [ "platelet - derived growth factor", "PDGF", "ornithine decarboxylase", "ODC" ] }, { "id": "1099", "type": "gene", "text": "The human IFI16 gene is a member of an interferon - inducible family of mouse and human genes closely linked on syntenic regions of chromosome 1 .", "entities": [ "human IFI16 gene", "interferon" ] }, { "id": "1100", "type": "gene", "text": "In agreement with this model , elimination of the ADAM13 cytoplasmic domain increased developmental alterations attributable to ADAM13 proteolytic activity .", "entities": [ "ADAM13 cytoplasmic domain", "ADAM13" ] }, { "id": "1102", "type": "gene", "text": "A third GEF , GRP3 ( KIAA0846 ) , activated both Ras and Rap1 and shared significant sequence homology with the calcium - and diacylglycerol - activated GEFs , GRP1 and GRP2 .", "entities": [ "GEF", "GRP3", "KIAA0846", "Ras", "Rap1", "GEFs", "GRP1", "GRP2" ] }, { "id": "1103", "type": "gene", "text": "A new simple identification of rheumatoid factor on nitrocellulose was developed that allows quantitative detection .", "entities": [ "rheumatoid factor" ] }, { "id": "1105", "type": "gene", "text": "Reversal of biliary sphincter spasm with low dose glucagon during operative cholangiography .", "entities": [ "glucagon" ] }, { "id": "1106", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous studies have shown that the IME1 gene is required for sporulation and the expression of meiosis specific genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "IME1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1108", "type": "gene", "text": "Intrathecal injections of small volumes of the alpha 2 - adrenoceptor agonists , xylazine and clonidine , into the cervical region of the spinal cord of conscious unrestrained sheep produced a dose - dependent analgesia of the forelimbs as measured using a mechanical pressure device .", "entities": [ "alpha 2 - adrenoceptor" ] }, { "id": "1109", "type": "gene", "text": "Second , CGGA - containing sequences placed at - 88 in the delta MTV - CAT reporter plasmid conferred insulin responsiveness to the mammary tumor virus promoter .", "entities": [ "delta MTV - CAT reporter", "insulin", "mammary tumor virus promoter" ] }, { "id": "1110", "type": "gene", "text": "In the absence of c - fos gene expression , c - Fos protein appears to be replaced by proteins of Fos family ( Fra - 1 ) and ATF family ( ATF - 2 and ATFa ) .", "entities": [ "c - fos gene", "c - Fos protein", "Fos family", "Fra - 1", "ATF family", "ATF - 2", "ATFa" ] }, { "id": "1111", "type": "gene", "text": "The dopamine D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH 23390 dose dependently ( 7 . 5 - 30 micrograms / kg s . c . ) antagonized the stimulant locomotor effect on both drugs but did not prevent their antiimmobility effect on the behavioral despair test .", "entities": [ "dopamine D1 dopamine receptor" ] }, { "id": "1113", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii zygote - specific cDNAs that encode novel proteins containing ankyrin repeats and WW domains .", "entities": [ "ankyrin" ] }, { "id": "1118", "type": "gene", "text": "Basic helix - loop - helix proteins can act at the E - box within the serum response element of the c - fos promoter to influence hormone - induced promoter activation in Sertoli cells .", "entities": [ "Basic helix - loop - helix proteins", "c - fos promoter" ] }, { "id": "1119", "type": "gene", "text": "Using yeast two - hybrid screening , we isolated histone H3 as an interacting factor of CIA .", "entities": [ "histone H3", "CIA" ] }, { "id": "1123", "type": "gene", "text": "Gene expression is in part controlled by chromatin remodeling factors and the acetylation state of nucleosomal histones .", "entities": [ "nucleosomal histones" ] }, { "id": "1125", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , Grap is associated with a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor mSos1 , primarily through its N - terminal SH3 domain .", "entities": [ "Grap", "mSos1", "N - terminal SH3 domain" ] }, { "id": "1127", "type": "gene", "text": "After 3 months of intervention , sustained physical training was associated with the decrease of FVII and PAI - 1 levels .", "entities": [ "FVII", "PAI - 1" ] }, { "id": "1129", "type": "gene", "text": "Xa4 is a dominantly inherited rice gene that confers resistance to Philippine race 1 of the bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae in rice .", "entities": [ "Xa4" ] }, { "id": "1133", "type": "gene", "text": "When a longer - 714 to + 78 fragment of the PBGD promoter is used , the - 70 GATA mutant still displays erythroid - specific activity and is cis - activated by the 5 ' HS - 2 enhancer , while the - 100 CCACC mutant is completely inactive in the absence or in the presence of the 5 ' HS - 2 enhancer .", "entities": [ "PBGD promoter", "5 ' HS - 2 enhancer", "5 ' HS - 2 enhancer" ] }, { "id": "1134", "type": "gene", "text": "Surprisingly , in adult animals , the suprabasal expression of dnRXR alpha significantly reduced the ability of topically applied tRA to stimulate proliferation of undifferentiated keratinocytes in the basal layer of epidermis .", "entities": [ "dnRXR alpha" ] }, { "id": "1137", "type": "gene", "text": "For il8ra , it is formed from two exons , whereas for il8rb , seven distinct neutrophil mRNAs are formed by alternative splicing of 11 exons .", "entities": [ "il8ra", "il8rb" ] }, { "id": "1139", "type": "gene", "text": "The gene encoding the cellulase ( Avicelase ) Cel1 from Streptomyces reticuli and analysis of protein domains .", "entities": [ "cellulase", "Avicelase", "Cel1" ] }, { "id": "1140", "type": "gene", "text": "From this comparison of aa sequences , the ATPK7 protein is considered to be a member of a novel subfamily of Ser / Thr PKs in plants .", "entities": [ "ATPK7 protein", "Ser / Thr PKs" ] }, { "id": "1143", "type": "gene", "text": "E1 recognition sequences in the bovine papillomavirus type 1 origin of DNA replication : interaction between half sites of the inverted repeats .", "entities": [ "E1" ] }, { "id": "1144", "type": "gene", "text": "We found that secretion of chitinolytic enzymes by cultured L . major parasites is inhibited by blood or hemoglobin , and hence these enzymes are apparently absent from the blood - fed infected flies , where the cardiac valve appears undamaged .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1145", "type": "gene", "text": "Patients in the mucinous cyst group had significantly lower CA 125 cystic fluid levels compared with women with endometriomas and dermoids ( P & lt ; 0 . 05 ) .", "entities": [ "CA 125" ] }, { "id": "1146", "type": "gene", "text": "SATB1 interacted with CDP through its DNA - binding domain , as demonstrated by glutathione S - transferase ( GST ) pull - down assays .", "entities": [ "SATB1", "CDP", "glutathione S - transferase", "GST" ] }, { "id": "1147", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma prolactin concentrations in pinealectomized ewes receiving melatonin treatment and in pineal intact ewes maintained under a non - 24 - hour photoperiod .", "entities": [ "Plasma prolactin" ] }, { "id": "1149", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcriptional start site , identified by primer extension and S1 nuclease assay , is 34 nt upstream of the translation initiation codon .", "entities": [ "S1 nuclease" ] }, { "id": "1153", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted 5 ' and 3 ' ends of the transcript are in very good agreement with the previously determined size of the LEU3 message .", "entities": [ "LEU3" ] }, { "id": "1154", "type": "gene", "text": "This cDNA corresponded to FGF - binding protein ( FGF - BP ) , a secreted protein previously shown to bind acidic and basic FGF and to modulate their activities .", "entities": [ "FGF - binding protein", "FGF - BP", "basic FGF" ] }, { "id": "1157", "type": "gene", "text": "Rewarding properties of methylphenidate : sensitization by prior exposure to the drug and effects of dopamine D1 - and D2 - receptor antagonists .", "entities": [ "dopamine D1 - and D2 - receptor" ] }, { "id": "1158", "type": "gene", "text": "Similar to what was observed for P . putida , a psrA null mutant of P . aeruginosa also showed a 90 % reduction in rpoS promoter activity ; both mutants could be complemented for rpoS promoter activity when the psrA gene was provided in trans .", "entities": [ "psrA", "rpoS promoter", "rpoS promoter", "psrA gene" ] }, { "id": "1159", "type": "gene", "text": "psrA mutants of both Pseudomonas species lost the ability to induce rpoS expression at stationary phase , but they retained the ability to produce quorum - sensing autoinducer molecules .", "entities": [ "psrA mutants", "rpoS" ] }, { "id": "1160", "type": "gene", "text": "The role of the putative C2 domain of Nedd4 has not been elucidated .", "entities": [ "C2", "Nedd4" ] }, { "id": "1161", "type": "gene", "text": "ZF87 specifically binds the ME1a1 element with higher affinity than the ME1a2 element .", "entities": [ "ZF87" ] }, { "id": "1164", "type": "gene", "text": "However the precise function of DNA - PK in DNA double - strand break repair is not known .", "entities": [ "DNA - PK" ] }, { "id": "1165", "type": "gene", "text": "This new receptor , TOR ( thymus orphan receptor ) , is most closely related in both its DNA - binding domain and ligand - binding domain , 90 % and 53 % , respectively , to ROR alpha / RZR alpha and clusters with these two receptors and RZR beta in a phylogenetic tree , when both the DNA - binding domain and the ligand - binding domain sequences of nuclear receptors are compared .", "entities": [ "TOR", "thymus orphan receptor", "ROR alpha", "RZR alpha", "RZR beta" ] }, { "id": "1166", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we have examined whether PTP1B effects transformation induced by p210 bcr - abl .", "entities": [ "PTP1B", "bcr", "abl" ] }, { "id": "1167", "type": "gene", "text": "S1 nuclease analysis of the RNA from a number of QT6 - LD clones gave similar results , indicating that the LD population was composed of viruses with similar but not identical deletion endpoints .", "entities": [ "S1 nuclease" ] }, { "id": "1168", "type": "gene", "text": "Association of Smads with lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 / T cell - specific factor mediates cooperative signaling by the transforming growth factor - beta and wnt pathways .", "entities": [ "Smads", "lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1", "T cell - specific factor", "transforming growth factor - beta", "wnt" ] }, { "id": "1169", "type": "gene", "text": "The three OAS genes are flanked by markers WI - 10614 ( cen ) and D12S2293 ( tel ) and are contained within three sets of overlapping cosmid clones .", "entities": [ "OAS genes", "markers WI - 10614", "cen", "D12S2293", "tel" ] }, { "id": "1170", "type": "gene", "text": "22 . 6 % of patients were found to be positive at histology in the corpus mucosa ; all but one of these patients had elevated circulating IgG to H . pylori ( Group C ) .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "1171", "type": "gene", "text": "Rottlerin also inhibited the activation of MAP kinase kinase ( MEK ) in response to activated Raf , but had no effect upon c - Raf activity or ERK activation by activated MEK .", "entities": [ "MAP kinase kinase", "MEK", "Raf", "c - Raf", "ERK", "MEK" ] }, { "id": "1174", "type": "gene", "text": "The isolation of crt5 - 262 , an additional cdc allele of POL1 / CDC17 , suggests for the first time that directly blocking DNA replication can provide a signal to induce the DNA damage response .", "entities": [ "crt5 - 262", "cdc allele", "POL1", "CDC17" ] }, { "id": "1175", "type": "gene", "text": "crt2 mutants show a defect in basal level expression of RNR1 - lacZ reporter constructs .", "entities": [ "crt2 mutants", "RNR1", "lacZ" ] }, { "id": "1177", "type": "gene", "text": "We prospectively studied serum prolactin ( PRL ) elevation after different types of documented seizures in 17 patients .", "entities": [ "serum prolactin", "PRL" ] }, { "id": "1178", "type": "gene", "text": "However , both peptides 1 - 49 and 63 - 87 bound to PDE alpha / beta in a solid - phase binding assay .", "entities": [ "PDE alpha / beta" ] }, { "id": "1180", "type": "gene", "text": "The mutation also preferentially limits ( compared with total protein synthesis ) translation of an induced gene that depends on five AGA codons , i . e . , the lambda cI repressor gene .", "entities": [ "lambda cI repressor gene" ] }, { "id": "1181", "type": "gene", "text": "Five RNA transcripts of about 1 . 2 to 1 . 7 kilobases were mapped to a part of the genome of insect iridescent virus type 6 ( Chilo iridescent virus ; CIV ) between genome coordinates 0 . 832 and 0 . 856 within the EcoRI DNA fragment F .", "entities": [ "EcoRI DNA fragment F" ] }, { "id": "1183", "type": "gene", "text": "Portions of the 3 ' - coding and 3 ' - untranslated regions were found to be missing from the 7 . 2 - and 4 . 8 - kb topo II alpha mRNAs by Northern blot analysis .", "entities": [ "7 . 2 - and 4 . 8 - kb topo II alpha mRNAs" ] }, { "id": "1185", "type": "gene", "text": "A GTP / GDP exchange assay was used to assess the potential role of Ras in the pathway leading to ERK phosphorylation ; DADLE failed to stimulate GTP / GDP exchange in comparison to PMA .", "entities": [ "Ras", "ERK" ] }, { "id": "1186", "type": "gene", "text": "Phenotypic analysis demonstrates that trio and Abl cooperate in regulating axon outgrowth in the embryonic central nervous system ( CNS ) .", "entities": [ "trio", "Abl" ] }, { "id": "1187", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant caspases are typically produced in Escherichia coli expression systems with the attendant problems of solubilization , re - folding and activation of the protease .", "entities": [ "Recombinant caspases" ] }, { "id": "1188", "type": "gene", "text": "The gene encoding rat peptidylglycine alpha - amidating monooxygenase ( PAM ) contains 26 protein - coding exons .", "entities": [ "peptidylglycine alpha - amidating monooxygenase", "PAM" ] }, { "id": "1191", "type": "gene", "text": "Free protein S deficiency in acute ischemic stroke .", "entities": [ "protein S" ] }, { "id": "1195", "type": "gene", "text": "The NF - kappa B precursor p100 ( lyt - 10 , p97 , p98 ) generates after proteolytic processing a 52 kDa subunit , which can bind to kappa B - motifs .", "entities": [ "NF - kappa B", "p100", "lyt - 10", "p97", "p98", "kappa B - motifs" ] }, { "id": "1196", "type": "gene", "text": "CONCLUSION : The biodistribution of 111In IgG is similar to that of 99mTc - HMPAO - labeled leukocytes .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "1198", "type": "gene", "text": "Receptor - type serine / threonine kinases ( RSKs ) have been organized into two distinct classes known as types I and II on the basis of sequence similarity .", "entities": [ "Receptor - type serine / threonine kinases", "RSKs" ] }, { "id": "1199", "type": "gene", "text": "In a previous study of transforming growth factor - beta1 - mediated inhibition of the cyclin A promoter , we mapped the inhibitory effect to the ATF site ; in the present study of IFN - gamma treatment , functional analysis by transient transfection showed that inhibition of the cyclin A promoter persisted despite mutation of the ATF , NF - Y , or CDE elements .", "entities": [ "transforming growth factor - beta1", "cyclin A promoter", "ATF site", "IFN - gamma", "cyclin A promoter", "ATF", "NF - Y" ] }, { "id": "1200", "type": "gene", "text": "The RsmA - mutant , like its parent , produces N - ( 3 - oxohexanoyl ) - L - homoserine lactone ( HSL ) , a starvation / cell density - sensing signal required for extracellular enzyme production .", "entities": [ "RsmA - mutant" ] }, { "id": "1204", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of the DNA - binding and transcriptional activation functions of human Fli - 1 protein .", "entities": [ "human Fli - 1 protein" ] }, { "id": "1205", "type": "gene", "text": "This pattern of expression and differential processing suggests a role for inrpk1 in some aspect of SD photoperiodic - induced flowering in morning glory .", "entities": [ "inrpk1" ] }, { "id": "1206", "type": "gene", "text": "Progressive immunodeficiency in a patient with IgA deficiency", "entities": [ "IgA" ] }, { "id": "1209", "type": "gene", "text": "The N - terminal exon1 had no homology at the amino acid level with NGFI - B , the mammalian homologue .", "entities": [ "NGFI - B" ] }, { "id": "1210", "type": "gene", "text": "This paper describes a longitudinal study in which clinical parameters and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ) in gingival crevicular fluid ( GCF ) were monitored bimonthly over a 6 - 12 months period in 970 sites from 7 treated periodontitis patients .", "entities": [ "aspartate aminotransferase", "AST" ] }, { "id": "1211", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude from these observations that the cTnC 3 ' Ile element is a composite enhancer that functions through the combined interactions of at least five regulatory elements and their cognate binding factors : three or four E - boxes , a MEF - 2 site , and a MEF - 3 site .", "entities": [ "cTnC 3 ' Ile element", "MEF - 2 site", "MEF - 3 site" ] }, { "id": "1213", "type": "gene", "text": "We identified Tyr ( 112 ) and Leu ( 175 ) within the RNA - binding domain of the U1 70K protein to be cross - linked to G ( 28 ) and U ( 30 ) in stem - loop I , respectively .", "entities": [ "U1 70K protein" ] }, { "id": "1215", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , the data suggest an immunological non - responsiveness to enterotoxin A in a considerable portion of the patients .", "entities": [ "enterotoxin A" ] }, { "id": "1216", "type": "gene", "text": "BCV mRNAs 5 and 5 - 1 appear to be used for the synthesis of the 12 . 7 - and 9 . 5 - kDa proteins , respectively , which demonstrates a pattern of expression strikingly different from that utilized by MHV .", "entities": [ "BCV mRNAs 5 and 5 - 1" ] }, { "id": "1219", "type": "gene", "text": "The use of specific somatic cell hybrids have allowed us to locate the YAC contig telomeric to the D3F15S2 locus , in a region which is frequently deleted in lung carcinomas .", "entities": [ "D3F15S2 locus" ] }, { "id": "1222", "type": "gene", "text": "This regulation is mediated by several kinases that phosphorylate specific residues in the different functional domains of the p53 molecule .", "entities": [ "p53 molecule" ] }, { "id": "1223", "type": "gene", "text": "These data show that the processing of specific target transcripts , such as the P - element mRNA , is regulated by a functional PSI - U1 snRNP interaction in Drosophila .", "entities": [ "P - element mRNA", "PSI", "U1" ] }, { "id": "1225", "type": "gene", "text": "In four calves given Haemonchus contortus larvae , the serum pepsinogen concentration rose quickly to reach a mean of 3 . 5 iu tyrosine on day 14 after infection .", "entities": [ "serum pepsinogen" ] }, { "id": "1226", "type": "gene", "text": "These results strongly suggest that HSV - 1 infection inhibits host cell splicing through the action of ICP27 .", "entities": [ "ICP27" ] }, { "id": "1228", "type": "gene", "text": "Transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts ( CEF ) with the Gag - Crk fusion protein results in the elevation of tyrosine phosphorylation on specific cellular proteins with molecular weights of 130 , 000 , 110 , 000 , and 70 , 000 ( p130 , p110 , and p70 , respectively ) , an event which has been correlated with cell transformation .", "entities": [ "Gag", "Crk", "p130", "p110", "p70" ] }, { "id": "1229", "type": "gene", "text": "Urease activity , judged as the amount of ammonia production from urea , could be measured at 25 ng per tube ( S / N = 1 . 5 ) with Jack bean meal urease .", "entities": [ "Urease", "Jack bean meal urease" ] }, { "id": "1230", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we provide direct evidence that the meiotic defect caused by either unregulated cAPK activity or unregulated ran1 + kinase activity is due to inability to induce transcription of the mei2 + gene , which is required for meiotic initiation .", "entities": [ "cAPK", "ran1 + kinase", "mei2 + gene" ] }, { "id": "1231", "type": "gene", "text": "Optical rotation of the second harmonic radiation from retinal in bacteriorhodopsin monomers in Langmuir - Blodgett film : evidence for nonplanar retinal structure .", "entities": [ "bacteriorhodopsin monomers" ] }, { "id": "1233", "type": "gene", "text": "In K562 cells , using the bicistronic vector , selection with colchicine led to at least 20 - fold higher expression of the MDR1 gene product than did selection with G418 , suggesting that the stringent MDR1 selection system is very efficient for obtaining overexpression of foreign genes .", "entities": [ "MDR1 gene product", "MDR1" ] }, { "id": "1235", "type": "gene", "text": "Our analysis indicates that a gene correction mechanism has been operating on the Hbbs chromosome to keep beta s and beta t evolving in concert , whereas on the Hbbd chromosome , beta dmin has diverged considerably from beta dmaj .", "entities": [ "Hbbs", "beta s", "beta t", "Hbbd", "beta dmin", "beta dmaj" ] }, { "id": "1236", "type": "gene", "text": "Structure and regulation of KGD2 , the structural gene for yeast dihydrolipoyl transsuccinylase .", "entities": [ "KGD2", "yeast dihydrolipoyl transsuccinylase" ] }, { "id": "1239", "type": "gene", "text": "We identify YY1 recognition sequences within the vitamin D response element ( VDRE ) of the osteocalcin gene that are critical for YY1 - dependent repression of vitamin D - enhanced promoter activity .", "entities": [ "YY1", "osteocalcin gene", "YY1" ] }, { "id": "1241", "type": "gene", "text": "Point mutations of Stat3 within the interacting domains blocked both physical interaction of Stat3 with c - Jun and their cooperation in IL - 6 - induced transcription directed by the alpha ( 2 ) - macroglobulin enhancer .", "entities": [ "Stat3", "Stat3", "c - Jun", "IL - 6", "alpha ( 2 ) - macroglobulin enhancer" ] }, { "id": "1244", "type": "gene", "text": "From the comparison of the nod box sequences of ( brady ) rhizobia with a more divergent nod box from Azorhizobium caulinodans , we now propose a modular build - up of the nod box with the sequence A - T - C - N9 - G - A - T as the binding target of the NodD protein ( the NodD box ) .", "entities": [ "nod box sequences", "nod box", "nod box", "NodD protein", "NodD box" ] }, { "id": "1245", "type": "gene", "text": "The prgX gene is adjacent to prgQ which provides the promoter for prgB expression .", "entities": [ "prgX gene", "prgQ", "prgB" ] }, { "id": "1249", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic analysis of the role of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein K in infectious virus production and egress .", "entities": [ "herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein K" ] }, { "id": "1250", "type": "gene", "text": "A conventional N - terminal signal sequence was not detected in the NodO protein .", "entities": [ "NodO protein" ] }, { "id": "1251", "type": "gene", "text": "Dynamic expression of broad - complex isoforms mediates temporal control of an ecdysteroid target gene at the onset of Drosophila metamorphosis .", "entities": [ "broad - complex isoforms" ] }, { "id": "1253", "type": "gene", "text": "Cellular lysates were analyzed for luciferase and beta - galactosidase activities .", "entities": [ "luciferase", "beta - galactosidase" ] }, { "id": "1255", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings suggest that the proteolipids of the vacuolar H + - ATPases were evolved in parallel with the eubacterial proteolipid , from a common ancestral gene that underwent gene duplication .", "entities": [ "vacuolar H + - ATPases" ] }, { "id": "1256", "type": "gene", "text": "This mutant also functions in vivo as a trans - acting dominant negative regulator : the transcriptional inducibility of the HIV long terminal repeat ( which contains two potential NF - kappa B binding sites ) by phorbol ester ( PMA ) is inhibited when it is co - transfected into CD4 + T cells with the delta SP mutant .", "entities": [ "HIV long terminal repeat", "NF - kappa B binding sites", "CD4 +" ] }, { "id": "1261", "type": "gene", "text": "Homology is much higher ( 64 % ) between the 28 - kDa protein and regions that are strongly conserved among the members of the serine protease family .", "entities": [ "serine protease family" ] }, { "id": "1262", "type": "gene", "text": "We have isolated and structurally characterized genomic DNA and cDNA sequences encoding ribulose - 1 , 5 - bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase ( Rbu - P2 carboxylase ) activase from barley ( Hordeum vulgare L . ) .", "entities": [ "ribulose - 1 , 5 - bisphosphate carboxylase / oxygenase ( Rbu - P2 carboxylase ) activase" ] }, { "id": "1263", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of putative constitutively active forms of DdMEK1 in a ddmek1 null background is capable , at least partially , of complementing the small aggregate size defect and the ability to activate guanylyl cyclase .", "entities": [ "DdMEK1", "ddmek1", "guanylyl cyclase" ] }, { "id": "1265", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , such mutations lead to a dramatic transition in chromatin structure : the DNase I hypersensitive region is replaced by two stable , sequence - positioned nucleosomes .", "entities": [ "DNase I hypersensitive region" ] }, { "id": "1266", "type": "gene", "text": "During chronic treatment with salmon calcitonin , alkaline phosphatase activity and urinary hydroxyproline excretion decrease on an average of 50 % in patients with Paget ' s disease .", "entities": [ "salmon calcitonin", "alkaline phosphatase" ] }, { "id": "1268", "type": "gene", "text": "Because of the structural similarities the new gene will be termed scERV2 from now on .", "entities": [ "scERV2" ] }, { "id": "1270", "type": "gene", "text": "The 2 . 3 x 10 ( 3 ) base SUF12 + transcript contains an open reading frame sufficient to encode a 88 x 10 ( 3 ) Mr protein .", "entities": [ "2 . 3 x 10 ( 3 ) base SUF12 + transcript" ] }, { "id": "1276", "type": "gene", "text": "This ligand - independent pathway can function through another androgen - regulated promoter as shown by the use of the mouse mammary tumor virus MMTV - CAT reporter .", "entities": [ "mouse mammary tumor virus MMTV - CAT reporter" ] }, { "id": "1277", "type": "gene", "text": "Stress - induced suppression of the prolactin afternoon surge in ovariectomized , estrogen - treated rats and the nocturnal surge in pseudopregnant rats are accompanied by an increase in median eminence dihydroxyphenylacetic acid concentrations .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "1283", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of the Asp but not the Ala gB mutation resulted in an increase in the steady - state expression of gB at the plasma membrane ( PM ) in U373 cells .", "entities": [ "gB", "gB" ] }, { "id": "1284", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus integration host factor is required for normal type 1 fimbriae phase variation in E . coli .", "entities": [ "integration host factor", "type 1 fimbriae" ] }, { "id": "1285", "type": "gene", "text": "Insulin therapy has been expanded by development of human insulin and new modes of injection , including insulin pumps .", "entities": [ "Insulin", "human insulin", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "1289", "type": "gene", "text": "We examined the mechanisms by which two different types of photonic radiation , short wavelength UV ( UV - C ) and gamma radiation , activate transcription factor NF - kappaB .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB" ] }, { "id": "1290", "type": "gene", "text": "However , coligation of Fc gamma RIIB1 with B cell Ag receptors ( BCR ) inhibits BCR - mediated signaling by a mechanism that may involve recruitment of phosphatases SHP - 1 , SHP - 2 , and the SH2 containing inositol 5 ' phosphatase ( SHIP ) to the phosphorylated Fc gamma RIIB1 immunoreceptor tyrosine - based inhibitory motif .", "entities": [ "Fc gamma RIIB1", "B cell Ag receptors", "BCR", "BCR", "phosphatases SHP - 1", "SHP - 2", "SH2 containing inositol 5 ' phosphatase", "SHIP", "Fc gamma RIIB1 immunoreceptor tyrosine - based inhibitory motif" ] }, { "id": "1292", "type": "gene", "text": "11 : 5801 - 5812 , 1991 ) present evidence that the Vps18 / Pep3 protein colocalizes with the Vps11 / Pep5 protein to the cytosolic face of the vacuolar membrane .", "entities": [ "Vps18", "Pep3", "Vps11", "Pep5" ] }, { "id": "1294", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that the BR - C early gene directly activates late gene transcription by interacting with late gene cis - acting regulatory elements and that this interaction is responsible for the temporal linkage of early and late ecdysone - induced gene expression .", "entities": [ "BR - C early gene", "late gene", "late gene" ] }, { "id": "1296", "type": "gene", "text": "We have identified the gene encoding sigma E using a genetic screen designed to isolate trans - acting mutations that abolish expression from either htrA or rpoHP3 , two promoters recognized uniquely by sigma E - containing RNA polymerase .", "entities": [ "sigma E", "htrA", "rpoHP3", "sigma E", "RNA polymerase" ] }, { "id": "1299", "type": "gene", "text": "These patients developed severe diabetic symptoms including glucose intolerance , weight loss , impaired energy utilization , and nerve and brain disorders that were refractory to insulin .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "1300", "type": "gene", "text": "One promoter , p53P1 , is located 100 - 250 bp upstream of the 218 - bp noncoding first exon ; a second , stronger promoter , p53P2 , maps within the first intron .", "entities": [ "p53P1", "p53P2" ] }, { "id": "1301", "type": "gene", "text": "Both PMP20 gene products contain the carboxyl - terminal sequence AKL , similar to the putative SKL peroxisomal sorting sequence ( Gould , S .", "entities": [ "PMP20 gene products" ] }, { "id": "1305", "type": "gene", "text": "The corresponding tetrapeptide sequences SSPD and SATD for human and mouse PKC - epsilon , respectively , are unusual for caspase - 3 .", "entities": [ "human and mouse PKC - epsilon", "caspase - 3" ] }, { "id": "1306", "type": "gene", "text": "The lipopolysaccharide - binding protein is a secretory class 1 acute - phase protein whose gene is transcriptionally activated by APRF / STAT / 3 and other cytokine - inducible nuclear proteins .", "entities": [ "secretory class 1 acute - phase protein", "APRF", "STAT / 3" ] }, { "id": "1308", "type": "gene", "text": "This region does not contain a consensus estrogen response element , and ER binding to this DNA sequence was not observed .", "entities": [ "ER" ] }, { "id": "1309", "type": "gene", "text": "These proteins , called variant surface glycoproteins ( VSGs ) , are expressed from a specific locus , the VSG gene expression site ( ES ) .", "entities": [ "variant surface glycoproteins", "VSGs", "VSG gene expression site ( ES )" ] }, { "id": "1310", "type": "gene", "text": "The strangulated intestinal pathologies of horses are accompanied by a local activation of the neutrophils , that can be revealed by measuring the tissular enzymatic activity of the granulocytic enzyme myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) .", "entities": [ "myeloperoxidase", "MPO" ] }, { "id": "1311", "type": "gene", "text": "A deletion analysis of the FAS1 promoter lacking the previously characterized inositol / choline - responsive - element motif defined a region ( nucleotides - 760 to - 850 ) responsible for most of the remaining activation potency .", "entities": [ "FAS1 promoter" ] }, { "id": "1313", "type": "gene", "text": "The homeodomain transcription factor CDP / cut interacts with the cell cycle regulatory element of histone H4 genes packaged into nucleosomes .", "entities": [ "CDP", "cut", "histone H4 genes" ] }, { "id": "1314", "type": "gene", "text": "They encode proteins whose core regions display great similarity to Aspergillus HAPB , HAPC and HAPE and to known HAP homologs from other organisms .", "entities": [ "Aspergillus HAPB", "HAPC", "HAPE", "HAP homologs" ] }, { "id": "1316", "type": "gene", "text": "Transient cotransfection analyses indicate that the cooperative association of NF - IL - 6 and RelA with the IL - 8 promoter results in synergistic transcriptional activation .", "entities": [ "NF - IL - 6", "RelA", "IL - 8 promoter" ] }, { "id": "1319", "type": "gene", "text": "Decreased plasma level of antithrombin III was assumed to be one of the major factors underlying hypercoagulable state in nephrotic syndrome .", "entities": [ "antithrombin III" ] }, { "id": "1321", "type": "gene", "text": "Cotransfection of pINV - 2473 , a construct containing 2473 base pairs of hINV upstream sequence linked to luciferase , with POU homeodomain transcription factors Oct1 , Oct2 , Brn4 , SCIP , Skn1a or Skn1i , results in a strong suppression of basal promoter activity .", "entities": [ "hINV upstream sequence", "luciferase", "Oct1", "Oct2", "Brn4", "SCIP", "Skn1a", "Skn1i" ] }, { "id": "1325", "type": "gene", "text": "Genomic DNA blot analysis indicates that the trout L2 locus has a cluster - like organization similar to the trout L1 locus and the IgL locus of several teleost fish .", "entities": [ "trout L2 locus", "trout L1 locus", "IgL locus" ] }, { "id": "1333", "type": "gene", "text": "Pancreatic expression of the glucagon gene depends on multiple transcription factors interacting with at least three DNA control elements : G1 , the upstream promoter element , and G2 and G3 , two enhancer - like sequences .", "entities": [ "glucagon gene" ] }, { "id": "1334", "type": "gene", "text": "We have compared the ability of GST - Bem3 to serve as a GAP for Cdc42Hs relative to other members of the rho - GAP subfamily and found the following order of potency : human platelet Cdc42Hs GAP > p190 > Bem3 > break point cluster region protein , whereas p85 , like Bem2 , shows no GAP activity or any ability to bind to the GTP - bound form of Cdc42Hs .", "entities": [ "GST", "Bem3", "GAP", "Cdc42Hs", "rho", "GAP", "human platelet Cdc42Hs GAP", "p190", "Bem3", "break point cluster region protein", "p85", "Bem2", "GAP", "Cdc42Hs" ] }, { "id": "1338", "type": "gene", "text": "Single amino acid substitutions were shown to result from the mutations pdr1 - 2 ( M308I ) , pdr1 - 3 ( F815S ) , pdr1 - 6 ( K302Q ) , pdr1 - 7 ( P298A ) and pdr1 - 8 ( L1036 W ) , whereas the intragenic suppressor mutant pdr1 - 100 is deleted for the two amino acids L537 and A538 .", "entities": [ "pdr1 - 2", "pdr1 - 3", "pdr1 - 6", "pdr1 - 7", "pdr1 - 8", "pdr1 - 100" ] }, { "id": "1339", "type": "gene", "text": "Both merR genes consist of a 408 bp ORF coding for 135 amino acids .", "entities": [ "merR genes" ] }, { "id": "1340", "type": "gene", "text": "Amniotic fluid ionic concentration in response to chronic fetal vasopressin infusion .", "entities": [ "fetal vasopressin" ] }, { "id": "1342", "type": "gene", "text": "Molecular cloning of the alpha - globin transcription factor CP2 .", "entities": [ "CP2" ] }, { "id": "1343", "type": "gene", "text": "The most distal active site in TIGA is created by excision of a 66 - bp intron .", "entities": [ "TIGA" ] }, { "id": "1344", "type": "gene", "text": "Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE ) with sequence analysis showed that PGCL4 is a major member in the female mammary gland , and in the submaxillary and lachrymal glands of both sexes , while the counterpart in male liver and the coagulate glands was found to be PGCL1 .", "entities": [ "PGCL4", "PGCL1" ] }, { "id": "1347", "type": "gene", "text": "Ligand binding of multi - chain antigen receptors and hematopoietin / cytokine receptors results in rapid activation of protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) - dependent signalling molecules such as phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase ( PI 3 - kinase ) .", "entities": [ "hematopoietin", "protein tyrosine kinase", "PTK", "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "1352", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous data suggested a subtle increase in serum P at the time of hCG injection without LH surge reduces the PR of women having oocyte retrievals for IVF ; this study compared PRs of recipients in a shared oocyte program according to the donors ' pre - hCG P level .", "entities": [ "hCG", "LH", "pre - hCG" ] }, { "id": "1357", "type": "gene", "text": "The architecture of the hRap1 Myb domain is very close to that of each of the Myb domains from TRF1 , scRap1p and c - Myb .", "entities": [ "Myb domain", "Myb domains", "TRF1", "scRap1p", "c - Myb" ] }, { "id": "1358", "type": "gene", "text": "80 v - ets - encoded amino - acids located immediately after the v - myb / v - ets junction are not found in P54 / 56c - ets , the translation product of the c - ets proto - oncogene , nor in a set of cellular proteins of 64 , 62 , and 60 kDa related to but distinct from P54 / 56c - ets .", "entities": [ "v - ets", "v - myb", "v - ets", "P54", "56c - ets", "c - ets proto - oncogene", "P54", "56c - ets" ] }, { "id": "1363", "type": "gene", "text": "Latex products ( gloves , balloons , and condoms ) directly bound IgE from all four patients .", "entities": [ "IgE" ] }, { "id": "1364", "type": "gene", "text": "The phosphoprotein pUL69 of human cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ) , which is a herpesvirus of considerable medical importance in immunosuppressed patients and newborns , has previously been identified as an early - late viral protein that can stimulate several viral and cellular promoters and thus exerts a rather broad activation pattern .", "entities": [ "phosphoprotein pUL69", "early - late viral protein" ] }, { "id": "1366", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous studies have shown that TGFbeta1 expression is upregulated in mouse keratinocytes infected with a v - rasHa retrovirus , although the functional significance of this has not been clear .", "entities": [ "TGFbeta1", "v - rasHa" ] }, { "id": "1368", "type": "gene", "text": "Using a GTP - dependent , brefeldin A - sensitive in vitro AP - 1 binding assay , we have determined here the parameters of the AP - 1 binding reaction .", "entities": [ "AP - 1", "AP - 1" ] }, { "id": "1370", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma enteroglucagon was measured before and during three hours after a standard meal in 21 untreated adult patients with suspected coeliac disease who all had villous atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa and malabsorption , and in nine control subjects .", "entities": [ "Plasma enteroglucagon" ] }, { "id": "1372", "type": "gene", "text": "Regulation of the human stress response gene GADD153 expression : role of ETS1 and FLI - 1 gene products .", "entities": [ "human stress response gene GADD153", "ETS1", "FLI - 1 gene products" ] }, { "id": "1373", "type": "gene", "text": "The PRP4 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an essential part of the U4 / U6 snRNP , a component of the mRNA splicing apparatus .", "entities": [ "PRP4 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae", "U4", "U6" ] }, { "id": "1375", "type": "gene", "text": "Here RFX / X2BP / DNA complexes were formed on all class II isotypes regardless of the ability of the X box region to bind either factor individually .", "entities": [ "RFX", "X2BP" ] }, { "id": "1376", "type": "gene", "text": "The psi zeta gene has a nonsense mutation in exon 1 but has identical promoter sequence and RNA processing sites to the zeta gene , raising the possibility that both psi zeta and zeta are transcriptionally active .", "entities": [ "psi zeta gene", "zeta gene", "psi zeta", "zeta" ] }, { "id": "1378", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum PRL concentrations significantly increased after MCP administration in normal women , hyperprolactinemic patients with normal sella and patients with microadenoma , but not in macroadenoma patients with and without suprasellar expansion ( SSE ) .", "entities": [ "PRL" ] }, { "id": "1379", "type": "gene", "text": "The Id4 protein contains a HLH domain highly conserved among the dnHLH proteins from mouse and drosophila .", "entities": [ "Id4 protein", "dnHLH proteins" ] }, { "id": "1380", "type": "gene", "text": "The coding region of nifA was determined using a translational lacZ fusion and by site - directed mutagenesis to identify which of four in frame AUG codons was used .", "entities": [ "nifA", "lacZ fusion" ] }, { "id": "1381", "type": "gene", "text": "Peptide competition studies have localized a cyclin A interaction site to a Lys381Lys382Leu383Met384Phe385 sequence within C - terminal negative regulatory domain of human p53 .", "entities": [ "cyclin A interaction site", "human p53" ] }, { "id": "1382", "type": "gene", "text": "Heterodimerization mutant RXR failed to alter GFP - VDR and nlsGFP - VDR distribution or activity .", "entities": [ "Heterodimerization mutant RXR", "GFP", "VDR", "nlsGFP", "VDR" ] }, { "id": "1383", "type": "gene", "text": "Like troponin Cs and calmodulins , PfCPK also contains four EF hand calcium - binding motifs .", "entities": [ "troponin Cs", "calmodulins", "PfCPK" ] }, { "id": "1385", "type": "gene", "text": "Upstream of the afa - 3 gene cluster , a 1 . 2 - kb region was found to be 96 % identical to the RepFIB sequence of one of the enterotoxigenic E . coli plasmids ( P307 ) , suggesting a common ancestor plasmid .", "entities": [ "afa - 3 gene cluster", "RepFIB sequence" ] }, { "id": "1393", "type": "gene", "text": "In F9 , which is a prototype of embryonal carcinoma cells expressing hst , the expression of hst gene is positively regulated by a downstream octamer motif that functions as an enhancer .", "entities": [ "hst", "hst gene" ] }, { "id": "1395", "type": "gene", "text": "Two putative ATP - binding domains were identified , one in the amino - terminal half of the argA - encoded protein and the other in the carboxy - terminal half .", "entities": [ "argA - encoded protein" ] }, { "id": "1397", "type": "gene", "text": "Purified phosphorylated PhoP ( PhoPP ) had a half - life of approximately 2 . 5 h , which was reduced to about 15 min by addition of the same molar amount of * PhoR ( the cytoplasmic region of PhoR ) .", "entities": [ "PhoP", "PhoPP", "* PhoR", "PhoR" ] }, { "id": "1398", "type": "gene", "text": "This transformation suppression by Rb was further shown to be due to transcriptional repression of neu using Rb expressing effector plasmid and neu promoter - chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene .", "entities": [ "Rb", "neu", "Rb", "neu", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "1401", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of N - terminal mutations disturbs mitosis and produces elongated cells , Using a PCR approach , we isolated a putative homologue of Prp4 from human and mouse cells .", "entities": [ "Prp4" ] }, { "id": "1403", "type": "gene", "text": "Biochemical studies and studies of cells expressing mutant IL - 2 receptors indicate that IL - 2 - induced tyrosine kinase activation initiates a complex signaling cascade .", "entities": [ "IL - 2 receptors", "IL - 2", "tyrosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "1404", "type": "gene", "text": "BACKGROUND : Peripheral kappa receptor agonists may provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of functional dyspepsia .", "entities": [ "kappa receptor" ] }, { "id": "1406", "type": "gene", "text": "The yeast genome contains a single ORD1 gene that resides on chromosome XI .", "entities": [ "ORD1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1408", "type": "gene", "text": "The N - terminal sequence of the extracellular MEP20 , TKVAS , was found at aa 194 - 198 within the ORF .", "entities": [ "extracellular MEP20", "TKVAS" ] }, { "id": "1410", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning of the GATA - binding protein that regulates endothelin - 1 gene expression in endothelial cells .", "entities": [ "GATA - binding protein", "endothelin - 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1411", "type": "gene", "text": "The Synechococcus gene rps1 encoding S1 is located 1 . 1 kb downstream from psbB , which encodes the photosystem II P680 chlorophyll a apoprotein .", "entities": [ "Synechococcus gene rps1", "S1", "psbB", "photosystem II P680 chlorophyll a apoprotein" ] }, { "id": "1414", "type": "gene", "text": "As in IncP alpha plasmids , these operons are transcribed from a bidirectional promoter region consisting of trfAp for the trfA operon and trbAp and trbBp for the trb operon .", "entities": [ "trfAp", "trfA operon", "trbAp", "trbBp", "trb operon" ] }, { "id": "1416", "type": "gene", "text": "The BHV - 1 UL24 , UL25 , UL26 and UL26 . 5 transcripts all terminated at a common 3 ' - polyadenylation site and varied significantly in their relative abundance .", "entities": [ "BHV - 1 UL24", "UL25", "UL26", "UL26 . 5 transcripts" ] }, { "id": "1417", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis of protein - DNA complexes formed with nuclear proteins isolated from I3C - treated and - untreated cells , in combination with supershift assays using Sp1 antibodies , demonstrated that the Sp1 - binding site in the CDK6 promoter forms a specific I3C - responsive DNA - protein complex that contains the Sp1 transcription factor .", "entities": [ "Sp1 antibodies", "Sp1 - binding site", "CDK6 promoter", "Sp1 transcription factor" ] }, { "id": "1418", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that both the distinct DNA binding properties of PMLRAR homodimers and the sequestration of RXR by PMLRARs may contribute to the molecular mechanisms which underlie the pathogenesis of APL .", "entities": [ "PMLRAR homodimers", "RXR", "PMLRARs" ] }, { "id": "1423", "type": "gene", "text": "Low - affinity E2 - binding site mediates downmodulation of E2 transactivation of the human papillomavirus type 8 late promoter .", "entities": [ "E2 - binding site", "E2", "human papillomavirus type 8 late promoter" ] }, { "id": "1424", "type": "gene", "text": "Untransformed 3T3 cells carry abundant 1 . 9 kb Hox 1 . 3 RNA , whereas the methylcholanthrene - transformed MB66 and LTK - cells or 3T3 cells transformed by the oncogenes src , fos or SV40 T antigen express only low levels .", "entities": [ "Hox 1 . 3", "src", "fos", "SV40 T antigen" ] }, { "id": "1425", "type": "gene", "text": "Although analysis of the similarity between the 44 - kDa protein and the E . coli RecA protein did not show any significant homology between them , it revealed their identity by five amino - acid residues involved in the formation of the epitope that recognized the paratope of the RecA protein antibody for subsequent epitope - paratope binding of these proteins .", "entities": [ "E . coli RecA protein", "RecA protein antibody" ] }, { "id": "1426", "type": "gene", "text": "Ureases were purified from the recombinant cells and shown to be identical to control enzyme when analyzed by gel filtration chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; however , in every case the activity levels correlated to nickel contents as analyzed by atomic absorption analysis .", "entities": [ "Ureases" ] }, { "id": "1428", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , synthetic peptides corresponding to the mutant proteins were assessed for the ability to act as substrates for PR .", "entities": [ "PR" ] }, { "id": "1431", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate that the entire E3L gene is required for pathogenesis in the mouse model .", "entities": [ "E3L gene" ] }, { "id": "1433", "type": "gene", "text": "Recently , we have demonstrated that mouse microglial cells , the brain macrophages , express both IL - 15 and IL - 15 / IL - 2 receptors .", "entities": [ "IL - 15", "IL - 15 / IL - 2 receptors" ] }, { "id": "1434", "type": "gene", "text": "We have analyzed the role of the HU protein in invertasome assembly when the enhancer is located at variable positions close to one of the recombination sites .", "entities": [ "HU protein" ] }, { "id": "1437", "type": "gene", "text": "A wide conservation of iscSUA genes in nature and evidence that NifU and NifS participate in the mobilization of iron and sulfur for nitrogenase - specific iron - sulfur cluster formation suggest that the products of the iscSUA genes could play a general role in the formation or repair of iron - sulfur clusters .", "entities": [ "iscSUA genes", "NifU", "NifS", "nitrogenase", "iscSUA genes" ] }, { "id": "1439", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that camptothecin resistance in CEM / DOX cells is due to different mechanism ( s ) than topoisomerase - or P - glycoprotein - associated multidrug resistance .", "entities": [ "topoisomerase", "P - glycoprotein" ] }, { "id": "1441", "type": "gene", "text": "The pattern of expression of this and other Chi26 / Chi33 chimeric promoters suggest that the E - region contains cis - acting sequences which activate transcription in aleurone and silence transcription in leaves .", "entities": [ "Chi26", "Chi33", "E - region" ] }, { "id": "1443", "type": "gene", "text": "Four newborns in this group became HBsAg carriers .", "entities": [ "HBsAg" ] }, { "id": "1444", "type": "gene", "text": "Effectively , the upstream , housekeeping - type promoter responds to FIXK and positively regulates the downstream , sigma 54 - type promoter .", "entities": [ "FIXK", "sigma 54 - type promoter" ] }, { "id": "1448", "type": "gene", "text": "A 5789 - nucleotide - long EcoRI fragment from the genome of Thermotoga maritima , identified by cross - hybridization to L11 , L1 , L10 , and L12 ribosomal protein gene sequences from Escherichia coli , was cloned and sequenced .", "entities": [ "5789 - nucleotide - long EcoRI fragment", "L11", "L1", "L10", "L12 ribosomal protein gene sequences from Escherichia coli" ] }, { "id": "1450", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that reduction in PRA may have contributed to the hemodynamic effects of this peak III PDE inhibitor .", "entities": [ "peak III PDE" ] }, { "id": "1453", "type": "gene", "text": "Prematurely inactivating p42 MAPK in egg extracts resulted in a corresponding hastening of the first mitosis .", "entities": [ "p42 MAPK" ] }, { "id": "1454", "type": "gene", "text": "The use of ALAD activity and EP as cumulative lead exposure indicators is suggested .", "entities": [ "ALAD" ] }, { "id": "1455", "type": "gene", "text": "Binding of C / EBPs to all three spi 2 . 3 3 ' UTR repressor sites , although rather weak , was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays that otherwise failed to reveal specific interactions with other liver nuclear proteins in vitro .", "entities": [ "C / EBPs", "spi 2 . 3 3 ' UTR repressor sites" ] }, { "id": "1456", "type": "gene", "text": "Cell cycle regulatory components have been largely conserved in eukaryotes ; however , orthologs of neither CAK1 nor csk1 have been identified in other species to date .", "entities": [ "CAK1", "csk1" ] }, { "id": "1457", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we cloned the full - length cDNA of mouse PAX4 by RACE ( rapid amplification of cDNA ends ) using RNA from MIN6 cells , a mouse insulinoma cell line .", "entities": [ "PAX4" ] }, { "id": "1459", "type": "gene", "text": "Hence the GAP1 gene encodes a protein with characteristics typical of integral membrane proteins translocating ligants across cellular membranes .", "entities": [ "GAP1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1460", "type": "gene", "text": "The results suggest that proenzyme processing is not essential for secretion of PC2 , but peptides containing mutations that affect the ability of the propeptide ( and cleavage sites ) to fold within the catalytic pocket are not transferred beyond the early stages of the secretory pathway .", "entities": [ "PC2" ] }, { "id": "1463", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , in samples obtained from two patients with drug refractory ALL , BAC - derived probes applied to archived marrow cells demonstrated that a breakpoint occurred between MDR1 and sequences 500 - 1000 KB telomeric to MDR1 , consistent with a random chromosomal rearrangement .", "entities": [ "MDR1", "MDR1" ] }, { "id": "1465", "type": "gene", "text": "PC12 cultures that had been \" primed \" in this way showed an accelerated and augmented differentiation response to nerve growth factor .", "entities": [ "nerve growth factor" ] }, { "id": "1466", "type": "gene", "text": "One of these clones encodes Xenopus N - ras .", "entities": [ "Xenopus N - ras" ] }, { "id": "1468", "type": "gene", "text": "The median levels of t - PA Ag and PAI in plasma were respectively 10 . 7 ng / ml ( interquartile range 8 . 6 ng / ml ) and 15 . 7 IU / ml ( interquartile range 12 . 2 IU / ml ) .", "entities": [ "t - PA Ag", "PAI" ] }, { "id": "1469", "type": "gene", "text": "In the remaining 91 patients ( group 2 ) , Pseudomonas ( 18 ) , coagulase - negative Staphylococci ( 15 ) , Staphylococcus epidermidis ( 23 ) , Staphylococcus aureus ( 16 ) , Corynebacterium species ( 12 ) , and others ( seven ) were isolated .", "entities": [ "coagulase" ] }, { "id": "1472", "type": "gene", "text": "The leucine zipper region of ATF proteins is also similar to that of the AP - 1 / c - jun family of transcription factors , whose DNA - binding site differs from the ATF - binding site at a single position .", "entities": [ "ATF proteins", "AP - 1", "c - jun", "ATF" ] }, { "id": "1476", "type": "gene", "text": "Were this hypothesis correct , the requirement for elF4A should correlate with the degree of mRNA secondary structure .", "entities": [ "elF4A" ] }, { "id": "1478", "type": "gene", "text": "Taken together , these results demonstrate that the BSMV coat protein is the sole translation product of the genomic RNA beta , whereas sgRNA beta 1 serves as a messenger for translation of the beta b protein , and sgRNA beta 2 functions as a messenger for translation of beta c and beta d and the newly discovered beta d ' protein .", "entities": [ "BSMV coat protein", "genomic RNA beta", "sgRNA beta 1", "beta b protein", "sgRNA beta 2", "beta c", "beta d", "beta d ' protein" ] }, { "id": "1481", "type": "gene", "text": "When the measured beta - galactosidase activity in the pWP - transfected cells was normalized to the pCH110 - transfected cells ( an appropriate control if the SV40 early region promoter functions constitutively in various cell lines ) , the results suggested that the promoter region of the PLP gene contains the information necessary for initiation of transcription in a C6 cell - specific manner .", "entities": [ "beta - galactosidase", "SV40 early region promoter", "PLP gene" ] }, { "id": "1482", "type": "gene", "text": "PKK exists in three discernible forms at steady state : an underphosphorylated form of 100 kDa ; a soluble , cytosolic , phosphorylated form of 110 kDa ; and a phosphorylated , detergent - insoluble form of 112 kDa .", "entities": [ "PKK" ] }, { "id": "1483", "type": "gene", "text": "The P - ITIM - compelled multi - phosphoprotein complex binds to and activates SHP - 2 , which in turn dephosphorylates SHIP and Shc and probably other substrates .", "entities": [ "P - ITIM - compelled multi - phosphoprotein complex", "SHP - 2", "SHIP", "Shc" ] }, { "id": "1487", "type": "gene", "text": "We now report that both HSCR mutations impair the fixation of Shc to RET and consequently prevent its phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "HSCR", "Shc", "RET" ] }, { "id": "1489", "type": "gene", "text": "We propose that U73 is involved in methylation of the G1739 residue of the human 28S rRNA .", "entities": [ "U73", "human 28S rRNA" ] }, { "id": "1494", "type": "gene", "text": "Lysates of COS cells transfected with modified hGrzB cDNA were able to hydrolyze tert - butyloxycarbonyl - Ala - Ala - Asp - thiobenzyl ester ( Boc - Ala - Ala - Asp - SBzl ) , whereas lysates transfected with unmodified hGrzB cDNA were inactive .", "entities": [ "modified hGrzB cDNA", "unmodified hGrzB cDNA" ] }, { "id": "1495", "type": "gene", "text": "Proteins PBP - 1 and PBP - 2 bind to two of the three promoter elements in the trypanosomatid Leptomonas seymouri .", "entities": [ "PBP - 1", "PBP - 2" ] }, { "id": "1498", "type": "gene", "text": "The enzyme encoded by the cloned fragment is equally active on pyruvate and hydroxypyruvate , indicating that the enzyme has both D - lactate and D - glycerate dehydrogenase activities .", "entities": [ "D - lactate and D - glycerate dehydrogenase" ] }, { "id": "1500", "type": "gene", "text": "The human sequence contains the element TGACTCT that also is found in a murine ras - responsive enhancer .", "entities": [ "murine ras - responsive enhancer" ] }, { "id": "1501", "type": "gene", "text": "There is an overall functional similarity between IL - 6 and c - fos promoters , since transfection of excess amounts of either promoter DNA into intact HeLa cells modulates the function of the heterologous promoter construct .", "entities": [ "IL - 6", "c - fos promoters" ] }, { "id": "1503", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine whether the transcript encodes an active enzyme , we developed a novel transient embryonic excision assay in which zebrafish fertilized eggs were co - injected with RNA transcribed in vitro using the Tol2 cDNA as a template and a plasmid DNA harboring a nonautonomous Tol2 element , which has a deletion in the transposase coding region .", "entities": [ "Tol2 cDNA", "Tol2 element", "transposase coding region" ] }, { "id": "1505", "type": "gene", "text": "We suggest that this relatively small deletion affects a segment containing 3 ' VH genes with important regulatory functions , the loss of which leads to the ali phenotype .", "entities": [ "3 ' VH genes" ] }, { "id": "1506", "type": "gene", "text": "Two SH2 domains of p120 Ras GTPase - activating protein bind synergistically to tyrosine phosphorylated p190 Rho GTPase - activating protein .", "entities": [ "SH2 domains", "GTPase - activating protein", "p190", "GTPase - activating protein" ] }, { "id": "1507", "type": "gene", "text": "p120 GTPase - activating protein ( GAP ) is a negative regulator of Ras that functions at a key relay point in signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation .", "entities": [ "GTPase - activating protein", "GAP", "Ras" ] }, { "id": "1508", "type": "gene", "text": "A homologue of the MAP / ERK family of protein kinase genes is expressed in vegetative and in female reproductive organs of Petunia hybrida .", "entities": [ "MAP", "ERK" ] }, { "id": "1510", "type": "gene", "text": "It encodes a sequence - specific transcription factor that controls , in concert with other gene products , differentiative pathways of tissues in which Scr is expressed .", "entities": [ "Scr" ] }, { "id": "1517", "type": "gene", "text": "ALT ( alanine aminotransferase ) and Hb ( hemoglobin ) appeared to be predictive for efficacy .", "entities": [ "ALT", "alanine aminotransferase", "Hb", "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1520", "type": "gene", "text": "Signal transduction in fibroblasts stably transformed by [ Val12 ] Ras - - the activities of extracellular - signal - regulated kinase and Jun N - terminal kinase are only moderately increased , and the activity of the delta - inhibitor of c - Jun is not alleviated .", "entities": [ "extracellular - signal - regulated kinase", "Jun N - terminal kinase", "c - Jun" ] }, { "id": "1522", "type": "gene", "text": "Escherichia coli cells expressing a mutant glyV ( glycine tRNA ) gene have a UVM - constitutive phenotype : implications for mechanisms underlying the mutA or mutC mutator effect .", "entities": [ "mutant glyV", "glycine tRNA", "mutA", "mutC mutator" ] }, { "id": "1524", "type": "gene", "text": "This result suggests that the target protein specificity of E2s can be altered by the addition of appropriate C - terminal extensions , thus providing a way to modify the selectivity of the ubiquitin system .", "entities": [ "E2s", "ubiquitin" ] }, { "id": "1525", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we report the cloning of the hemF gene , encoding the aerobic coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Escherichia coli , by functional complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae HEM13 mutant .", "entities": [ "hemF gene", "coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Escherichia coli", "Saccharomyces cerevisiae HEM13 mutant" ] }, { "id": "1526", "type": "gene", "text": "This study was undertaken to evaluate the physical and biological characteristics of nebulized interleukin 2 liposomes .", "entities": [ "interleukin 2" ] }, { "id": "1527", "type": "gene", "text": "The atopic disposition , indicated by positive skin reactions and IgE antibody titers etc . , and the bronchial reactivity to inhaled acetylcholine were examined on the following three groups : ( 1 ) 20 young adults with a history of childhood asthma who have been symptom - free for more than 4 yr ; ( 2 ) 20 current asthmatics , and ( 3 ) 20 healthy young adults .", "entities": [ "IgE" ] }, { "id": "1528", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous studies showed that a palindromic sequence located at - 159 base pairs is essential for induction of cutinase gene in Fusarium solani f .", "entities": [ "cutinase gene" ] }, { "id": "1531", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that these cDNAs belong to a novel GST class hereby designated Kappa , with the rat GST subunit 13 gene designated rGSTK1 and the human gene being called hGSTK1 .", "entities": [ "GST", "rat GST subunit 13 gene", "rGSTK1", "hGSTK1" ] }, { "id": "1532", "type": "gene", "text": "Based on PCR strategies and expression studies , we define the genomic organization of the FUT8b gene .", "entities": [ "FUT8b gene" ] }, { "id": "1533", "type": "gene", "text": "The present study demonstrates that the proto - oncogene c - jun represses transcription of the human CG alpha and CG beta promoters .", "entities": [ "proto - oncogene c - jun", "human CG alpha", "CG beta promoters" ] }, { "id": "1534", "type": "gene", "text": "c - Jun repressed the CG alpha promoter through a canonical cAMP response element ( CRE ) that is known to bind c - Jun and other members of the B - Zip transcription factor family .", "entities": [ "c - Jun", "CG alpha promoter", "c - Jun", "B - Zip transcription factor family" ] }, { "id": "1536", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous studies using partial sequences have suggested the potential of 26S or large - subunit ( LSU ) rDNA for phylogeny retrieval at taxonomic levels comparable to those investigated with 18S rDNA .", "entities": [ "26S", "large - subunit", "LSU", "18S rDNA" ] }, { "id": "1537", "type": "gene", "text": "The sensitivity of 99mTc - IgG scintigraphy ranged between 71 % and 100 % .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "1539", "type": "gene", "text": "The cause for the increase in plasma ANP levels in the active phase remains to be determined .", "entities": [ "plasma ANP" ] }, { "id": "1544", "type": "gene", "text": "Similarly , an increase in CAT expression from the same construct ( pBLCAT - ENDOA ) was also observed in 7AQS2 . 1 cells .", "entities": [ "CAT", "ENDOA" ] }, { "id": "1545", "type": "gene", "text": "The prevalence of antibodies to HRES - 1 peptides pep14 - 24 and pep117 - 127 was determined in 65 normal blood donors and 146 patients with immunological disorders .", "entities": [ "HRES - 1 peptides pep14 - 24 and pep117 - 127" ] }, { "id": "1546", "type": "gene", "text": "We recently reported the cloning and sequencing of the alpha 7 integrin chain and its regulated expression during the development of skeletal muscle ( Song et al .", "entities": [ "alpha 7 integrin chain" ] }, { "id": "1547", "type": "gene", "text": "The contractile effects of oxytocin , prostaglandin F2 alpha and their combined use on human pregnant myometrium were studied in vitro .", "entities": [ "oxytocin" ] }, { "id": "1548", "type": "gene", "text": "These involve ( 1 ) subcloning a promoterless sucCD fragment downstream of the lac promoter in M13mp10 , and ( 2 ) precise splicing of the suc coding regions with the efficient atpE ribosome - binding site and expression from the thermoinducible lambda promoters in the pJLA503 vector .", "entities": [ "sucCD fragment", "lac promoter", "suc coding regions", "atpE ribosome - binding site" ] }, { "id": "1549", "type": "gene", "text": "These mutations prevent FKBP12 - rapamycin binding to TOR2 , as assayed with the two - hybrid system .", "entities": [ "FKBP12", "TOR2" ] }, { "id": "1553", "type": "gene", "text": "High - level expression of sccypB as well as of sccypA cloned into the expression vector pIJ702 did not produce detectable changes in growth and morphology of S . chrysomallus and S . lividans .", "entities": [ "sccypB", "sccypA" ] }, { "id": "1554", "type": "gene", "text": "Fas ( APO - 1 / CD95 ) , which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily , is a cell surface receptor that induces apoptosis .", "entities": [ "Fas", "APO - 1", "CD95", "tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily" ] }, { "id": "1557", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequencing of this fragment showed that the MRP13 coding region specifies a 324 - amino - acid basic protein with a calculated Mr of 37 , 366 .", "entities": [ "MRP13" ] }, { "id": "1558", "type": "gene", "text": "Viral complementary 15 S mRNA that directs the synthesis of N protein and hybridizes to the predicted N gene DNA has been identified in infected cell extracts .", "entities": [ "15 S mRNA", "N protein", "N gene" ] }, { "id": "1559", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNase I protection analyses revealed that FP I was bound by the transcription factor PU . 1 / Spi - 1 .", "entities": [ "DNase I", "FP I", "PU . 1", "Spi - 1" ] }, { "id": "1560", "type": "gene", "text": "Retroviral vector producer cell populations and cell clones were established for each chLTR vector , and all were capable of yielding high vector titers ( > 10 ( 5 ) G418R cfu / ml on NIH - 3T3 ) .", "entities": [ "chLTR", "G418R" ] }, { "id": "1561", "type": "gene", "text": "However , a few sites in the genomes of EC cells permit M - MuLVneo delta Enh proviral expression .", "entities": [ "M - MuLVneo delta Enh" ] }, { "id": "1562", "type": "gene", "text": "Increasing insulin sensitivity in type I diabetic patients should alert clinicians to the possibility of glucocorticoid deficiency .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "1563", "type": "gene", "text": "However , differential utilization of these determinants mediate RAR - RXR heterodimer binding to DR - 2 and DR - 5 RAREs .", "entities": [ "RAR", "RXR" ] }, { "id": "1565", "type": "gene", "text": "The addition of novel techniques , such as histopathologic ultrastaging , immunohistochemistry staining , and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays , will help increase the accuracy and rate of detection of disease .", "entities": [ "reverse transcriptase" ] }, { "id": "1566", "type": "gene", "text": "Several of the drugs used in the management of MAC have been associated with significant drug interactions involving the cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) enzyme system .", "entities": [ "cytochrome P450", "CYP" ] }, { "id": "1573", "type": "gene", "text": "NF - kappaB DNA - protein binding and ICAM - 1 promoter activity were enhanced by IL - 1beta and these effects were inhibited by tyrphostin 23 , but not by PD 98059 or SB 203580 .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB", "ICAM - 1 promoter", "IL - 1beta" ] }, { "id": "1575", "type": "gene", "text": "Using the two - hybrid screening method , we have identified an additional component of the CCAAT - binding factor .", "entities": [ "CCAAT - binding factor" ] }, { "id": "1576", "type": "gene", "text": "The myb proto oncogene product ( c - Myb ) is a transcriptional regulator and its expression and function are tightly linked to the cellular entry into S phase and DNA synthesis .", "entities": [ "myb proto oncogene product", "c - Myb" ] }, { "id": "1577", "type": "gene", "text": "Both the p38 kinase inhibitor SB205380 ( SB ) and cotransfection of a dominant - negative mutant of p38 kinase reduced IL - 1beta stimulation of the hBNP promoter .", "entities": [ "p38 kinase", "p38 kinase", "IL - 1beta", "hBNP promoter" ] }, { "id": "1579", "type": "gene", "text": "The TaqI and HaeIII RFLPs will provide tools for the genetic analysis of CR2 .", "entities": [ "TaqI", "HaeIII", "CR2" ] }, { "id": "1580", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , because SB203580 had no effect of TNF - or ceramide - induced apoptosis , our results strongly argue against a role for p38 MAPK in the induction of TNF - - or ceramide - induced apoptosis .", "entities": [ "TNF", "p38 MAPK", "TNF" ] }, { "id": "1582", "type": "gene", "text": "Ptx1 belongs to an expanding family of bicoid - related vertebrate homeobox genes .", "entities": [ "Ptx1", "bicoid - related" ] }, { "id": "1584", "type": "gene", "text": "Differential transcription of plastome - encoded genes in the mesophyll and bundle - sheath chloroplasts of the monocotyledonous NADP - malic enzyme - type C4 plants maize and Sorghum .", "entities": [ "malic enzyme" ] }, { "id": "1585", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequential immunoprecipitation showed all detectable p53 to be of the PAb246 + class in each LPV - transformed cell line , suggesting that the stable p53 was indeed wild type .", "entities": [ "p53", "PAb246 +", "p53" ] }, { "id": "1590", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that E6010 may be of clinical value in the treatment of coronary occlusion .", "entities": [ "E6010" ] }, { "id": "1591", "type": "gene", "text": "To better understand the relationship between expression of an oncogene and genetic instability , we have studied a cell line expressing an activated human Ha - ras under the control of bacterial lactose operon regulatory elements for changes in methotrexate resistance and dihydrofolate reductase ( dhfr ) gene amplification following mutant Ha - ras induction .", "entities": [ "activated human Ha - ras", "bacterial lactose operon regulatory elements", "dihydrofolate reductase", "dhfr", "mutant Ha - ras" ] }, { "id": "1594", "type": "gene", "text": "Inspection of X . tropicalis , mouse and human U6 DNA upstream sequences revealed the presence of a TATA box as well as of the proximal and enhancer ( octamer motif ) elements contained in snRNA genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II .", "entities": [ "X . tropicalis , mouse and human U6 DNA upstream sequences", "RNA polymerase II" ] }, { "id": "1598", "type": "gene", "text": "The human PAX8 gene generates at least five different alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different PAX8 isoforms .", "entities": [ "human PAX8 gene", "PAX8 isoforms" ] }, { "id": "1599", "type": "gene", "text": "These data show that both Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors upregulate HGF promoter activity by binding to the Sp1 binding site at position - 318 to - 303 bp in the HGF gene promoter .", "entities": [ "Sp1", "Sp3 transcription factors", "HGF promoter", "Sp1 binding site", "HGF gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "1602", "type": "gene", "text": "Mammalian homologues of the Polycomb - group gene Enhancer of zeste mediate gene silencing in Drosophila heterochromatin and at S . cerevisiae telomeres .", "entities": [ "Enhancer of zeste" ] }, { "id": "1604", "type": "gene", "text": "The results obtained with [ F304 ] R2 indicate that structural changes in E . coli R2 in the vicinity of this helix distortion can influence the catalytic activity of the holoenzyme .", "entities": [ "[ F304 ] R2", "E . coli R2" ] }, { "id": "1605", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning and characterization of the 5 ' flanking region of human ATP - citrate lyase gene .", "entities": [ "human ATP - citrate lyase gene" ] }, { "id": "1607", "type": "gene", "text": "The S3 protein also contains a DNA repair activity , efficiently processing 8 - oxoguanine residues in DNA via an N - glycosylase / apurinic - apyrimidinic ( AP ) lyase activity .", "entities": [ "S3 protein", "N - glycosylase", "apurinic - apyrimidinic ( AP ) lyase" ] }, { "id": "1612", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude , therefore , that in the absence of E1A , E4orf4 is sufficient by itself to trigger a p53 - independent apoptosis pathway that may operate independently of the known zVAD - inhibitable caspases , and that may involve an as yet uncharacterized mechanism .", "entities": [ "E1A", "E4orf4", "p53", "caspases" ] }, { "id": "1613", "type": "gene", "text": "The antiserum used for immunoblotting specifically supershifts uteroglobin promoter - protein complexes in gel shift experiments .", "entities": [ "uteroglobin promoter - protein complexes" ] }, { "id": "1614", "type": "gene", "text": "The nucleotide sequence of the estrogen receptor gene of Oreochromis aureus ( OaER ) indicates that the hormone - binding E domain is composed of 4 exons interspersed by short introns of only 0 . 18 - 1 . 3 kb each .", "entities": [ "estrogen receptor gene of Oreochromis aureus", "OaER" ] }, { "id": "1615", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression of Scmh1 and rae28 / mph1 is well correlated in most tissues of embryos .", "entities": [ "Scmh1", "rae28", "mph1" ] }, { "id": "1616", "type": "gene", "text": "The nucleoporin 98 gene ( NUP98 ) , which is rearranged in several acute myeloid leukemia translocations , is located within this region .", "entities": [ "nucleoporin 98 gene", "NUP98" ] }, { "id": "1618", "type": "gene", "text": "A new direct hemagglutination test ( HI - GONAVIS ) for urinary LH was compared with the serum radioimmuno - assay of LH .", "entities": [ "LH", "LH" ] }, { "id": "1620", "type": "gene", "text": "CERIP interaction .", "entities": [ "CERIP" ] }, { "id": "1621", "type": "gene", "text": "The encoded Arabidopsis U3 snRNAs can be folded into a secondary structure which is more similar to that of U3 RNAs from lower eukaryotes rather than from metazoa .", "entities": [ "Arabidopsis U3 snRNAs", "U3 RNAs" ] }, { "id": "1625", "type": "gene", "text": "The LT - beta gene is expressed in lymphoid cells and organs , but little is known about its inducible regulation .", "entities": [ "LT - beta gene" ] }, { "id": "1627", "type": "gene", "text": "Dmyd clone encodes a polypeptide of 332 amino acids with 82 % identity to MyoD in the 41 amino acids of the putative helix - loop - helix region and 100 % identity in the 13 amino acids of the basic domain proposed to contain the essential recognition code for muscle - specific gene activation .", "entities": [ "Dmyd", "MyoD" ] }, { "id": "1628", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification of an osteocalcin gene promoter sequence that binds AP1 .", "entities": [ "osteocalcin gene promoter sequence", "AP1" ] }, { "id": "1630", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations abolishing MalK function not only result in inability to transport maltose but also cause constitutive expression of the maltose regulon .", "entities": [ "MalK", "maltose regulon" ] }, { "id": "1631", "type": "gene", "text": "Drosophila melanogaster casein kinase II ( DmCKII ) is composed of catalytic ( alpha ) and regulatory ( beta ) subunits associated as an alpha2beta2 heterotetramer .", "entities": [ "Drosophila melanogaster casein kinase II", "DmCKII" ] }, { "id": "1636", "type": "gene", "text": "Cell rounding was abrogated by expression of either kinase - dead forms of US3 PK or a mutant protein lacking the acidic cluster in the kinase regulatory domain .", "entities": [ "US3 PK" ] }, { "id": "1637", "type": "gene", "text": "Three distinct human HDACs are homologous to RPD3 , a yeast transcriptional regulator .", "entities": [ "human HDACs", "RPD3" ] }, { "id": "1640", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of these chemokines is similar in that both require the NF - kappa B element and additional regions such as the CAAT / enhancer binding protein ( C / EBP ) element of the IL - 8 promoter .", "entities": [ "NF - kappa B element", "CAAT / enhancer binding protein", "C / EBP", "IL - 8 promoter" ] }, { "id": "1647", "type": "gene", "text": "Cells were co - infected simultaneously with IBV , the recombinant FPV ( rFPV ) containing the D - RNA sequence and a second rFPV expressing T7 RNA polymerase for the initial expression of the D - RNA transcript , subsequently rescued by helper IBV .", "entities": [ "T7 RNA polymerase" ] }, { "id": "1651", "type": "gene", "text": "The AP - 1 recruited by ARF1 . GTP is released from the Golgi membrane by treatment with 1 M Tris - HCl ( pH 7 ) or upon reincubation at 37 degreesC , whereas AP - 1 recruited with GTPgammaS or by a constitutively active point mutant , ARF1 ( Q71L ) , remains membrane bound after either treatment .", "entities": [ "AP - 1", "ARF1 . GTP", "AP - 1", "ARF1 ( Q71L )" ] }, { "id": "1654", "type": "gene", "text": "We found remarkable differences in the expression patterns of MTB - Zf mRNA and two other hybridizable mRNAs of 5kb and 8 . 5 kb when human brain and primary brain tumors were compared .", "entities": [ "MTB - Zf mRNA" ] }, { "id": "1656", "type": "gene", "text": "The pra2 gene encodes a pea ( Pisum sativum ) small GTPase belonging to the YPT / rab family , and its expression is down - regulated by light , mediated by phytochrome .", "entities": [ "pra2 gene", "pea ( Pisum sativum ) small GTPase", "YPT", "rab", "phytochrome" ] }, { "id": "1658", "type": "gene", "text": "Human and murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine proteases : subsite mapping with peptide thioester substrates and inhibition of enzyme activity and cytolysis by isocoumarins .", "entities": [ "Human and murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine proteases" ] }, { "id": "1659", "type": "gene", "text": "To explore further the role of the carboxyl - terminal domain in determining the cell cycle function of CDC34 , we constructed and characterized genes encoding chimeric E2s incorporating sequences from CDC34 and the related but functionally distinct E2 RAD6 ( UBC2 ) .", "entities": [ "CDC34", "chimeric E2s", "CDC34", "RAD6", "UBC2" ] }, { "id": "1660", "type": "gene", "text": "MAPKK kinase / MEKK phosphorylates and activates its downstream protein kinase , MAPK kinase / MEK , which in turn activates MAPK .", "entities": [ "MAPKK kinase", "MEKK", "MAPK kinase", "MEK", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "1662", "type": "gene", "text": "However , ADAR1 and the related deaminase ADAR2 showed significant expression in all regions of the brain examined , including cortex , hippocampus , olfactory bulb , and striatum , where the 5 - HT2CR pre - mRNA was extensively edited .", "entities": [ "ADAR1", "deaminase ADAR2", "5 - HT2CR pre - mRNA" ] }, { "id": "1663", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate its transcription , 1 . 1 kilobases of the 5 ' - flanking sequence were fused to a luciferase reporter gene .", "entities": [ "luciferase reporter gene" ] }, { "id": "1671", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , corticotropin releasing factor ( CRF ) , injected centrally produces a suppression of punished and non - punished responding in the conflict test consistent with its hypothesized role in mediating behavioral responses to stress .", "entities": [ "corticotropin releasing factor", "CRF" ] }, { "id": "1672", "type": "gene", "text": "Temporal recruitment of the mSin3A - histone deacetylase corepressor complex to the ETS domain transcription factor Elk - 1 .", "entities": [ "mSin3A", "histone deacetylase", "Elk - 1" ] }, { "id": "1674", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , FOP - FGFR1 - expressing cells show constitutive phosphorylation of the positive regulator of translation p70S6 kinase ; this phosphorylation is inhibited by PI3 - kinase and mTOR ( mammalian target of rapamycin ) inhibitors .", "entities": [ "FOP", "FGFR1", "p70S6 kinase", "PI3 - kinase", "mTOR", "mammalian target of rapamycin" ] }, { "id": "1678", "type": "gene", "text": "We identified clones of Chlamydomonas genomic DNA that rescued the Ca ( 2 + ) - dependent axonemal microtubule severing defect of fa1 mutants .", "entities": [ "fa1 mutants" ] }, { "id": "1681", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma hemopexin homeostasis during the acute phase response .", "entities": [ "Plasma hemopexin" ] }, { "id": "1682", "type": "gene", "text": "The newly identified repressor element is a rare example of a naturally occurring perfect palindromic binding motif for the NF - kappa B / Rel family of transcription factors .", "entities": [ "NF - kappa B", "Rel" ] }, { "id": "1683", "type": "gene", "text": "Tryptophan induction prevents Rho - dependent transcription termination in the leader region of the operon .", "entities": [ "Rho" ] }, { "id": "1685", "type": "gene", "text": "The nramp2 gene is comprised of 17 exons and spans more than 36 kb .", "entities": [ "nramp2 gene" ] }, { "id": "1688", "type": "gene", "text": "This is similar to previous reports of muscle creatine phosphokinase release in psychiatric patients .", "entities": [ "muscle creatine phosphokinase" ] }, { "id": "1689", "type": "gene", "text": "The majority of putative TSC2 mutations were found in sporadic rather than TSC2 - linked families .", "entities": [ "TSC2 mutations", "TSC2" ] }, { "id": "1690", "type": "gene", "text": "Murine ELAM - 1 is encoded by a single - copy gene , spanning about 13 kb , which is structurally organized into 14 exons and 13 introns ; very similar to that of its human counterpart .", "entities": [ "Murine ELAM - 1" ] }, { "id": "1693", "type": "gene", "text": "We found that the PRP20 gene is identical to the yeast SRM1 gene ( Clark and Sprague 1989 ) .", "entities": [ "PRP20 gene", "yeast SRM1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1694", "type": "gene", "text": "Basal JNK MAPK kinase activity was also specifically induced by deltaEGFR , which correlated with increased phosphorylation of a 54 - kDa JNK2 protein observed in deltaEGFR - containing cells .", "entities": [ "JNK MAPK kinase", "deltaEGFR", "54 - kDa JNK2 protein", "deltaEGFR" ] }, { "id": "1695", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion analysis defines distinct functional domains for protein - protein and nucleic acid interactions in the ORF1 protein of mouse LINE - 1 .", "entities": [ "ORF1 protein", "LINE - 1" ] }, { "id": "1696", "type": "gene", "text": "PMA produced similar results , but the induction of the WT AP1 c - jun promoter - CAT plasmid was smaller .", "entities": [ "c - jun" ] }, { "id": "1697", "type": "gene", "text": "The determination of antithrombin III ( AT III ) and its clinical significance", "entities": [ "antithrombin III", "AT III" ] }, { "id": "1699", "type": "gene", "text": "Glucose consumption of the human brain under the influence of intravenous infusions of glucose , glucagon and glucose - insulin", "entities": [ "glucagon" ] }, { "id": "1701", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion of CDC5 was lethal and resulted in a dumbbell - shaped terminal morphology , with the nuclei almost divided but still connected .", "entities": [ "CDC5" ] }, { "id": "1702", "type": "gene", "text": "These cDNAs were found to be derived from the 3 \" - untranslated region ( 3 \" - UTR ) of the methyl - CpG - binding protein 2 gene ( MeCP2 ) .", "entities": [ "methyl - CpG - binding protein 2 gene", "MeCP2" ] }, { "id": "1704", "type": "gene", "text": "The generation of dorso - ventral polarity during Drosophila embryogenesis is regulated by the action of 12 maternally expressed gene products , the dorsal group .", "entities": [ "dorsal group" ] }, { "id": "1706", "type": "gene", "text": "These observations suggest that the AF - 1 region of PPARalpha is partially silenced by corepressor proteins , which might interact in a phosphorylation - dependent manner .", "entities": [ "PPARalpha" ] }, { "id": "1708", "type": "gene", "text": "However , in a variation of this assay in which the protease is omitted , the mutant enzymes exhibited substantial levels of prolyl isomerase activity ( 5 - 20 % of wild - type ) , revealing that these mutations confer sensitivity to protease digestion and that the classic in vitro assay for prolyl isomerase activity may be misleading .", "entities": [ "prolyl isomerase", "prolyl isomerase" ] }, { "id": "1709", "type": "gene", "text": "As a test of this hypothesis , we predicted that mice which have altered expression of class I gene products , the beta2 - microglobulin knockout mice , [ beta2m ( - / - ) ] , would develop Fe overload .", "entities": [ "beta2 - microglobulin", "[ beta2m ( - / - ) ]" ] }, { "id": "1710", "type": "gene", "text": "Nucleotide sequence of the gag gene and gag - pol junction of feline leukemia virus .", "entities": [ "gag gene", "gag", "pol" ] }, { "id": "1713", "type": "gene", "text": "On the basis of the physical interactions between Sxl and Snf , we present a model for Sxl splicing regulation .", "entities": [ "Sxl", "Snf", "Sxl" ] }, { "id": "1716", "type": "gene", "text": "We cloned the BamHI - F fragment from the left end of Ad4 in pUC13 - 1 between the SalI and BamHI sites in order to carry out the structural analysis of the E1A region of Ad4 .", "entities": [ "BamHI - F fragment", "SalI", "BamHI sites", "E1A region of Ad4" ] }, { "id": "1720", "type": "gene", "text": "In both RAW cells and the microglia cell line EOC20 , two IFN - gamma - activated transcription factors , STAT - 1alpha and IRF - 1 , bind the GAS and IRF elements , respectively .", "entities": [ "IFN - gamma", "STAT - 1alpha", "IRF - 1", "GAS", "IRF elements" ] }, { "id": "1724", "type": "gene", "text": "After inhibition of monoamine oxidase with pargyline ( 10 mg / kg . i . v . ) , the effects of tyramine ( 1000 micrograms ) injected into the hepatic artery were potentiated .", "entities": [ "monoamine oxidase" ] }, { "id": "1725", "type": "gene", "text": "Helenalin triggers a CD95 death receptor - independent apoptosis that is not affected by overexpression of Bcl - x ( L ) or Bcl - 2 .", "entities": [ "CD95 death receptor", "Bcl - x ( L )", "Bcl - 2" ] }, { "id": "1727", "type": "gene", "text": "The DF3 / MUC1 gene encodes a high molecular weight mucin - like glycoprotein which is overexpressed at the transcriptional level in the majority of human breast cancers .", "entities": [ "DF3", "MUC1", "high molecular weight mucin - like glycoprotein" ] }, { "id": "1728", "type": "gene", "text": "The organization of the MBP - A gene is very similar to the arrangement of the gene encoding the highly homologous pulmonary surfactant apoprotein , although one of the intron positions is shifted by a single amino acid .", "entities": [ "MBP - A gene", "homologous pulmonary surfactant apoprotein" ] }, { "id": "1730", "type": "gene", "text": "These results indicate that patients with SS and evidence of exercise - induced ST - segment depression may have decreased myocardial oxygen supply due to low hemoglobin levels and increased myocardial oxygen demand ( elevated double products ) when compared to subjects with SS who do not have exercise - induced ST - segment depression .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1731", "type": "gene", "text": "Although hSSTR5 displays approximately 75 % sequence identity with rat SSTR5 , the two receptors display significantly different pharmacological profiles , especially with respect to their binding affinities for the SST analogue SMS 201 - 995 .", "entities": [ "hSSTR5", "rat SSTR5", "SST" ] }, { "id": "1734", "type": "gene", "text": "Using this oligonucleotide as a probe , an 8 - kilobase HindIII fragment of genomic DNA was isolated and subjected to Sanger dideoxy DNA sequencing .", "entities": [ "HindIII" ] }, { "id": "1735", "type": "gene", "text": "Arg - 130 , Gly - 132 and Lys - 167 are conserved in all members of the type IB topoisomerase family .", "entities": [ "type IB topoisomerase family" ] }, { "id": "1736", "type": "gene", "text": "Four cDNAs ( Kox4 , Kox7 , Kox12 , and Kox15 ) were identified that match one or more genomic clones ; these matches were confirmed by nucleotide sequence analysis .", "entities": [ "Kox4", "Kox7", "Kox12", "Kox15" ] }, { "id": "1738", "type": "gene", "text": "Prevalence of use , claims volume , and expenditures were compared for cisapride , proton pump inhibitors , histamine - 2 receptor antagonists , and the prokinetic agent metoclopramide during these periods .", "entities": [ "histamine - 2 receptor" ] }, { "id": "1743", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift experiments suggest that GnSE response elements interact , in these two regions , with GATA - and LIM - related factors , respectively .", "entities": [ "GnSE response elements", "GATA - and LIM - related factors" ] }, { "id": "1745", "type": "gene", "text": "Wild type MEKK1 enhances promoter activity and the activity can be inhibited by dominant negative MEKK1 , MEK1 , MEK7 , MEK3 , p38 / RK , and c - Jun .", "entities": [ "MEKK1", "MEKK1", "MEK1", "MEK7", "MEK3", "p38", "RK", "c - Jun" ] }, { "id": "1749", "type": "gene", "text": "An scrR promoter fragment , which dose not contain a sequence resembling OB , was not shifted by the fusion protein .", "entities": [ "scrR promoter fragment", "OB" ] }, { "id": "1750", "type": "gene", "text": "Using the conflict drinking test as a model , we studied in rats the effect of the nonselective beta - adrenoceptor blockers pindolol and cyanopindolol which bind to 5 - HT1A and 5 - HT1B receptors , and of the selective beta 1 - and beta 2 - adrenoceptor antagonists betaxolol and ICI 118 , 551 , respectively , which have a negligible affinity for 5 - HT receptors .", "entities": [ "beta - adrenoceptor", "5 - HT1A and 5 - HT1B receptors", "beta 1 - and beta 2 - adrenoceptor", "5 - HT receptors" ] }, { "id": "1751", "type": "gene", "text": "Although several other signal transduction molecules also contain tandemly occurring SH3 and SH2 domains , the function of these closely spaced domains is not well understood .", "entities": [ "SH3", "SH2 domains" ] }, { "id": "1752", "type": "gene", "text": "Glycoprotein biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : ngd29 , an N - glycosylation mutant allelic to och1 having a defect in the initiation of outer chain formation .", "entities": [ "ngd29", "och1" ] }, { "id": "1755", "type": "gene", "text": "But if one equalizes the upper limits of normal for both markers to a common 95 % specificity , the tumour - indicating sensitivity of CA 19 - 9 clearly surpasses that of CA 50 .", "entities": [ "CA 19 - 9", "CA 50" ] }, { "id": "1760", "type": "gene", "text": "The ZAG1 protein from in vitro translations binds to a consensus target site that is recognized by the AG protein .", "entities": [ "ZAG1 protein", "AG protein" ] }, { "id": "1761", "type": "gene", "text": "The uap100 cis - acting , up - promoter , constitutive mutation is a duplication that comprises two GATA sites and suppresses weakly the AREA zinc finger mutation but does not alleviate the need for functional UAY and AREA proteins .", "entities": [ "uap100", "AREA zinc finger mutation", "UAY", "AREA proteins" ] }, { "id": "1764", "type": "gene", "text": "Indeed , after a single oral dose , the role of the mu - receptor agonist component of the antinociceptive effect of tramadol appears to be minor , with most of the analgesic effect being attributable to nonopioid properties of the parent compound .", "entities": [ "mu - receptor" ] }, { "id": "1767", "type": "gene", "text": "We have produced the Ure2 protein to high yield in Escherichia coli from a synthetic gene .", "entities": [ "Ure2 protein" ] }, { "id": "1768", "type": "gene", "text": "Transfection of both Calu - 6 and JEG - 3 cells with a PKA expression vector resulted in a 10 - fold induction of human renin transcriptional activity in constructs containing the native or consensus CRE and 5 - fold activation in a construct containing a nonfunctional CRE .", "entities": [ "PKA", "human renin" ] }, { "id": "1774", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning and sequence analysis of a chymotrypsinlike protease from Treponema denticola .", "entities": [ "chymotrypsinlike protease from Treponema" ] }, { "id": "1776", "type": "gene", "text": "V - ErbB - mediated complex formation and transformation have been shown to occur independently of Ras activation .", "entities": [ "V - ErbB - mediated complex", "Ras" ] }, { "id": "1778", "type": "gene", "text": "Organization of exons suggests that , similar to the human VEGF gene , alternative splicing generates the 120 - , 164 - , and 188 - amino acid isoforms , but does not predict a fourth VEGF isoform corresponding to human VEGF206 .", "entities": [ "human VEGF gene", "VEGF isoform", "human VEGF206" ] }, { "id": "1779", "type": "gene", "text": "Electron microscopy of pH 7 . 5 - treated TMV particles incubated in SPN - treated wheatgerm extract or rabbit reticulocyte lysate , showed that approximately 10 % of virions complexed with one ribosome and approximately 10 % with two bound ribosomes , confirming that omega at least had been uncoated .", "entities": [ "SPN" ] }, { "id": "1781", "type": "gene", "text": "Postheparin lipoprotein lipase , measured using fat emulsion as substrate , also was significantly greater in female rats compared with males .", "entities": [ "lipoprotein lipase" ] }, { "id": "1783", "type": "gene", "text": "Genomic organization of the human multidrug resistance ( MDR1 ) gene and origin of P - glycoproteins .", "entities": [ "human multidrug resistance ( MDR1 ) gene", "P - glycoproteins" ] }, { "id": "1785", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion analysis revealed that only the TM domain of E2 was required for Golgi targeting .", "entities": [ "E2" ] }, { "id": "1786", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , putative binding sites for SH3 and SH2 domains are present in the amino - terminal half of the molecule .", "entities": [ "SH3", "SH2 domains" ] }, { "id": "1787", "type": "gene", "text": "Since nearly all transformants involving homeologous DNAs carried a single recombinant plasmid in both Pms + and Pms - strains , stable heteroduplex DNA appears less likely than for homologous DNAs .", "entities": [ "Pms +", "Pms -" ] }, { "id": "1789", "type": "gene", "text": "One new ORF , YBR0224 , was detected , coding for a protein with 918 amino acids .", "entities": [ "YBR0224" ] }, { "id": "1790", "type": "gene", "text": "A sequence - ready 3 - Mb PAC contig covering 16 breakpoints of the Wilms tumor / anirida region of human chromosome 11p13 .", "entities": [ "Wilms tumor / anirida region" ] }, { "id": "1791", "type": "gene", "text": "The MAP kinase kinase kinase MLK2 co - localizes with activated JNK along microtubules and associates with kinesin superfamily motor KIF3 .", "entities": [ "MLK2", "JNK", "kinesin superfamily", "KIF3" ] }, { "id": "1794", "type": "gene", "text": "They are transduced through TM to the cytoplasmic portion ( cytoloops and the C - terminal tail ) of the receptor and then , transferred to cytoplasmic signaling molecules , such as G protein .", "entities": [ "G protein" ] }, { "id": "1795", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase activities were significantly increased in the A praelongus - fed pigs and significantly decreased in Na2SeO4 - fed pigs .", "entities": [ "Serum alkaline phosphatase", "creatine kinase" ] }, { "id": "1800", "type": "gene", "text": "Although polyubiquitin chains linked through Lys ( 29 ) of ubiquitin have been implicated in the targeting of certain substrates to proteasomes , the signaling properties of these chains are poorly understood .", "entities": [ "polyubiquitin chains", "ubiquitin" ] }, { "id": "1802", "type": "gene", "text": "An in vitro Raf - 1 kinase assay , however , failed to detect LPS - induced Raf - 1 kinase activity in RAW 264 . 7 cells , suggesting that in RAW 264 . 7 cells , Raf - 1 kinase is not an activating component of the LPS signaling pathway regulating MAPK activity or sIL - 1Ra promoter activity .", "entities": [ "Raf - 1 kinase", "Raf - 1 kinase", "Raf - 1 kinase", "MAPK", "sIL - 1Ra promoter" ] }, { "id": "1803", "type": "gene", "text": "Phosphorylation of the ras GTPase - activating protein ( GAP ) by the p93c - fes protein - tyrosine kinase in vitro and formation of GAP - fes complexes via an SH2 domain - dependent mechanism .", "entities": [ "GTPase - activating protein", "GAP", "protein - tyrosine kinase", "GAP", "fes", "SH2" ] }, { "id": "1805", "type": "gene", "text": "Two methods for the routine determination of blood hemoglobin oxygen affinity are described .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1808", "type": "gene", "text": "RET / PTC oncogenes , generated by chromosomal rearrangements in papillary thyroid carcinomas , are constitutively activated versions of proto - RET , a gene coding for a receptor - type tyrosine kinase ( TK ) whose ligand is still unknown .", "entities": [ "RET", "PTC", "proto - RET", "receptor - type tyrosine kinase", "TK" ] }, { "id": "1809", "type": "gene", "text": "PCC 6803 mutant impaired in cytochrome c maturation .", "entities": [ "cytochrome c" ] }, { "id": "1813", "type": "gene", "text": "In rats exposed to Cd for 30 d , the levels of urinary excretion of cAMP after treatment with parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) , parathyroidectomy ( PTX ) , or 1 alpha - hydroxycholecalciferol ( 1 alpha - OH - D3 ) showed almost the same patterns as those of control rats : the response of urinary cAMP to treatment with PTH was not influenced by continuous oral administration of Cd .", "entities": [ "parathyroid hormone", "PTH", "PTH" ] }, { "id": "1816", "type": "gene", "text": "In the absence of shock , sepsis , or other identifiable causes of lactic acidosis , the severe anemia ( hemoglobin 1 . 2 g / dl ) appeared to be the primary etiologic factor .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1818", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis of liver , muscle , fat , and pituitary RNA from normal ( DwDw ) chickens shows a major transcript of 4 . 3 kilobases ( kb ) and three minor transcripts ( 0 . 8 , 1 . 7 , and 3 . 2 kb ) , which correspond to the cGHR .", "entities": [ "cGHR" ] }, { "id": "1820", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite a lowering of her plasma ACTH concentration during therapy with valproic acid , the patient ' s tumour showed no evidence of regression while she was taking the drug .", "entities": [ "ACTH" ] }, { "id": "1821", "type": "gene", "text": "The Htf9 - a gene encodes the RanBP1 protein , a major partner of the Ran GTPase .", "entities": [ "Htf9 - a gene", "RanBP1 protein", "Ran GTPase" ] }, { "id": "1824", "type": "gene", "text": "Our studies suggest that the helicase assembly protein is responsible for loading T4 gene 41 helicase specifically at replication forks , and that its binding sites for each arm must hold more than six , but not more than 12 nucleotides .", "entities": [ "helicase", "T4 gene 41 helicase" ] }, { "id": "1827", "type": "gene", "text": "The human SHBG proximal promoter was analyzed by DNase I footprinting , and the functional significance of 6 footprinted regions ( FP1 - FP6 ) within the proximal promoter was studied in human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells .", "entities": [ "human SHBG proximal promoter", "DNase I" ] }, { "id": "1829", "type": "gene", "text": "Previously identified mutations in this variant have been within or close to the coding region of exon 1 of the HMBS gene , the only exon that is expressed solely in the ubiquitous isoform .", "entities": [ "HMBS gene" ] }, { "id": "1830", "type": "gene", "text": "As an approach to the determination of structure - function relationships in the PRP4 protein , we have isolated more than fifty new alleles of the PRP4 gene through random and site - directed mutagenesis , and have analyzed the phenotypes of many of them .", "entities": [ "PRP4 protein", "PRP4 gene" ] }, { "id": "1833", "type": "gene", "text": "We find that Fus3p and Kss1p both control G1 arrest through multiple functions that operate in parallel with Far1p .", "entities": [ "Fus3p", "Kss1p", "Far1p" ] }, { "id": "1834", "type": "gene", "text": "Tag expression induced apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells during late pregnancy .", "entities": [ "Tag" ] }, { "id": "1838", "type": "gene", "text": "The time - dependent changes in measured facility of outflow or \" washout phenomenon \" appeared to result from the gradual dissolution of the hyaluronidase - sensitive component of the barriers to aqueous outflow in the canine eye .", "entities": [ "hyaluronidase" ] }, { "id": "1839", "type": "gene", "text": "The factors defective in groups A ( CIITA ) , C ( RFX5 ) and D ( RFXAP ) have been identified .", "entities": [ "CIITA", "RFX5", "RFXAP" ] }, { "id": "1842", "type": "gene", "text": "By deletion analysis , we identified the regions of c - Jun encoding transformation and transactivation functions .", "entities": [ "c - Jun" ] }, { "id": "1844", "type": "gene", "text": "To test for progesterone receptor - mediated activation of transcription in yeast , reporter plasmids were constructed to transform yeast cells expressing PRB or C1C2 receptors .", "entities": [ "progesterone receptor", "PRB", "C1C2 receptors" ] }, { "id": "1845", "type": "gene", "text": "Fli - 1 is a proto - oncogene which is rearranged in tumors induced by three different retroviruses , Cas - Br - E , F - MuLV , and 10A1 .", "entities": [ "Fli - 1" ] }, { "id": "1850", "type": "gene", "text": "The results corroborate the proposed physiological function of CCoAOMT in elicited plant cells and may shed new light on the sequential action of trans - active factors in the regulation of phenylpropanoid genes .", "entities": [ "CCoAOMT" ] }, { "id": "1851", "type": "gene", "text": "In src - transformed cells GAP forms heteromeric complexes , notably with a highly tyrosine phosphorylated 62 - kDa protein ( p62 ) .", "entities": [ "src", "GAP", "62 - kDa protein ( p62 )" ] }, { "id": "1853", "type": "gene", "text": "PrRP rapidly and transiently activated extracellular signal - regulated protein kinase ( ERK ) in both types of cells .", "entities": [ "PrRP", "extracellular signal - regulated protein kinase", "ERK" ] }, { "id": "1854", "type": "gene", "text": "Cell - free extracts of E . coli ( fpg mutY ) harboring pYSB10 possess an enzymatic activity that cleaves a 34 - mer oligonucleotide containing a single 8 - oxoG opposite a cytosine ( 8 - OxoG / C ) .", "entities": [ "mutY" ] }, { "id": "1858", "type": "gene", "text": "Long - range mapping by pulse - field gel electrophoresis indicated that the three mdr genes are closely linked on a genomic DNA segment of approximately 625 kilobases .", "entities": [ "mdr genes" ] }, { "id": "1859", "type": "gene", "text": "These sequences were further tested for the presence of an enhancer element , by their ability to activate a fusion reporter gene consisting of the CAT gene linked to the gamma - globin gene promoter , in erythroid ( K562 ) and non - erythroid ( HeLa ) cells .", "entities": [ "CAT gene", "gamma - globin gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "1862", "type": "gene", "text": "Further comparative analysis identified an ADNP paralog ( 33 % identity and 46 % similarity ) , indicating that these genes belong to a novel protein family with a nine - zinc finger motif followed by a homeobox domain .", "entities": [ "ADNP" ] }, { "id": "1863", "type": "gene", "text": "All patients received marrow from HLA - identical sibling donors , underwent similar myeloablative regimens , and had similar pretreatment characteristics .", "entities": [ "HLA" ] }, { "id": "1866", "type": "gene", "text": "Subclones stably expressing alpha1A - , alpha1B - , and alpha1D - ARs under control of an inducible promoter , or at high and low receptor density , were isolated and characterized .", "entities": [ "alpha1A", "alpha1B", "alpha1D" ] }, { "id": "1867", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of WT1 target gene expression in stably transfected cell lines .", "entities": [ "WT1 target gene" ] }, { "id": "1868", "type": "gene", "text": "Soluble recombinant RI and soluble recombinant C alpha can associate in vitro and be activated by cyclic AMP .", "entities": [ "RI", "C alpha" ] }, { "id": "1869", "type": "gene", "text": "IRIS / GAS DNA also formed a number of specific complexes with constitutively expressed factors , none of which were affected by the above Abs .", "entities": [ "IRIS", "GAS" ] }, { "id": "1872", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility - shift assays with nuclear extracts from COS - 1 cells transfected with expression vectors for SMADs 1 - 5 indicate that SMAD3 forms a complex with a migration similar to that of the endogenous TGF - beta - specific complex observed in fibroblast extracts .", "entities": [ "SMADs 1 - 5", "SMAD3", "endogenous TGF - beta - specific complex" ] }, { "id": "1873", "type": "gene", "text": "The newly identified NF kappa B enhancer ( TGGAAATTCC ) is bound by a TNF alpha - induced nuclear protein and appears to be the key element in rapid transcription induction by TNF alpha ( and TPA ) , while transactivation of this element is repressed by the ligand - bound glucocorticoid receptor .", "entities": [ "NF kappa B enhancer", "TNF alpha", "TNF alpha", "glucocorticoid receptor" ] }, { "id": "1874", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results showed that the 5 - hydroxytryptamine ( 5 - HT ) content in platelets was : ( 1 ) increased in the subgroup of anti - social alcoholics ; ( 2 ) transiently and differently altered in alcoholics compared to opiate addicts ; and ( 3 ) lowered in drinking alcoholics and normal in alcoholics who were drinking as well as smoking ( that may occur via MAO - B inhibition by smoke ) .", "entities": [ "MAO - B" ] }, { "id": "1875", "type": "gene", "text": "In the second group , which consisted of babies of 33 to 36 weeks of gestational age , haptoglobin was detected in 6 infants , with levels less than 25 mg / dl in 3 .", "entities": [ "haptoglobin" ] }, { "id": "1876", "type": "gene", "text": "The polypeptide encoded by the cDNA contained 450 amino acids with a calculated M ( r ) of 52 , 057 , and showed significant homology with human and mouse CAD ( 22 % identity ) .", "entities": [ "mouse CAD" ] }, { "id": "1878", "type": "gene", "text": "In situ localization of PCP - A1 transcripts revealed that they accumulate specifically in pollen at the late binucleate / trinucleate stage of development rather than in the tapetum , which previously was taken to be the principal source of the pollen coat .", "entities": [ "PCP - A1 transcripts" ] }, { "id": "1881", "type": "gene", "text": "However , H19 and IGF2 lie within a larger imprinted domain , and the gene specificity of H19 epimutation has been a persistent question .", "entities": [ "H19", "IGF2", "H19" ] }, { "id": "1882", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we report the cloning , by either peptide sequencing or by sequence similarity to the human cDNAs , of the S . cerevisiae genes RFC1 , RFC2 , RFC3 , RFC4 , and RFC5 .", "entities": [ "RFC1", "RFC2", "RFC3", "RFC4", "RFC5" ] }, { "id": "1884", "type": "gene", "text": "This sequence can interact with at least two proteins in a fibroblast nuclear extract that have binding characteristics of an Ets family protein and a serum response factor - like protein .", "entities": [ "Ets family protein", "serum response factor - like protein" ] }, { "id": "1885", "type": "gene", "text": "As much thrombin was formed during cardiopulmonary bypass ( measured by the prothrombin activation fragment F1 + 2 and thrombin - antithrombin complexes ) as in normal patients , showing that factor XII was not necessary for thrombin generation .", "entities": [ "thrombin", "prothrombin activation fragment F1 + 2", "thrombin", "antithrombin", "factor XII", "thrombin" ] }, { "id": "1887", "type": "gene", "text": "MUS81 encodes a novel helix - hairpin - helix protein involved in the response to UV - and methylation - induced DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "MUS81", "helix - hairpin - helix protein" ] }, { "id": "1888", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment of chronic hepatitis B with interferon : experience in western countries .", "entities": [ "interferon" ] }, { "id": "1889", "type": "gene", "text": "Several positive clones were isolated , one of which encoded the C - terminal 253 amino acids of a putative RNA helicase , a DEAD box protein designated DDX3 .", "entities": [ "RNA helicase", "DEAD box protein", "DDX3" ] }, { "id": "1891", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro binding studies previously showed that NF - kappa B p50 homodimer binds the switch nuclear B - site protein ( SNIP ) of the S gamma 3 tandem repeat .", "entities": [ "p50", "switch nuclear B - site protein", "SNIP", "S gamma 3 tandem repeat" ] }, { "id": "1892", "type": "gene", "text": "In this case myogenic factors are not initially expressed and these migratory cells are characterized by the expression of the paired - box gene Pax3 .", "entities": [ "paired", "Pax3" ] }, { "id": "1893", "type": "gene", "text": "It is concluded that the atherogenic process includes stimulation of collagen and elastin synthesis .", "entities": [ "collagen", "elastin" ] }, { "id": "1894", "type": "gene", "text": "These results indicate that ( 1 ) RXR - TR heterodimers play a role in basal transactivation and T3 suppression of negatively regulated genes , and ( 2 ) RXRs increase the dominant negative effect of some mutant TRs on specific negative TREs .", "entities": [ "RXR", "TR", "RXRs", "TRs" ] }, { "id": "1895", "type": "gene", "text": "Phenotypic responses of additional mutants , including exo1 , srs2 , rad5 , and rdh54 strains , suggest roles in recombinational repair , but not in NHEJ .", "entities": [ "exo1", "srs2", "rad5", "rdh54" ] }, { "id": "1896", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , the induction of cytochrome P - 450 1A1 observed in the cormorant indicates that the Ah receptor - mediated process , by which TCDD and related chemicals exert many of their toxicities , has been activated .", "entities": [ "cytochrome P - 450 1A1", "Ah receptor" ] }, { "id": "1900", "type": "gene", "text": "In this work , we determined the sequences of eight VirF - binding sites from four different genes , by DNase I or hydroxyl radical footprinting .", "entities": [ "VirF - binding sites", "DNase I" ] }, { "id": "1901", "type": "gene", "text": "Although they are similar to the IL9R gene ( approximately 90 % identity ) , none of these copies encodes a functional receptor : none of them contains sequences homologous to the 5 ' flanking region or exon 1 of the IL9R gene , and the remaining ORFs have been inactivated by various point mutations and deletions .", "entities": [ "IL9R gene", "IL9R gene" ] }, { "id": "1905", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate whether the two RPG - boxes mediate transcription activation of both the L46 and S24 gene , two experimental strategies were followed : cloning of the respective genes on multicopy vectors and construction of fusion genes .", "entities": [ "RPG - boxes", "L46", "S24 gene" ] }, { "id": "1906", "type": "gene", "text": "When the opioid antagonist was administered to animals 24 hr after termination of single or multiple exposures to restraint , NALT - induced increases in basal plasma LH were significantly attenuated in the chronically stressed rats compared to animals subjected to stress only once or not at all . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )", "entities": [ "plasma LH" ] }, { "id": "1908", "type": "gene", "text": "This was further suggested by transactivation assays in which mouse fibroblasts were transiently transfected with a human beta - globin reporter gene in the absence and presence of an LKLF cDNA construct .", "entities": [ "human beta - globin reporter gene", "LKLF cDNA construct" ] }, { "id": "1909", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma colony - stimulating factor analysis and the clinical significance", "entities": [ "Plasma colony - stimulating factor" ] }, { "id": "1910", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , in addition to the previously characterized FAS - binding factor 1 interacting with the inositol / choline - responsive - element motif , a second motif common to the promoter regions of both FAS genes could be identified .", "entities": [ "FAS - binding factor 1", "FAS genes" ] }, { "id": "1912", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis identifies a ras - associating ( RA ) - like domain in the N - termini of band 4 . 1 / JEF domains and in the Grb7 / 10 / 14 adapter family .", "entities": [ "ras - associating", "RA", "band 4 . 1 / JEF domains", "Grb7 / 10 / 14 adapter family" ] }, { "id": "1913", "type": "gene", "text": "Patients received BPB using bupivacaine 2 mg kg - 1 with adrenaline 1 in 200 , 000 , either with or without hyaluronidase 3000 iu , in a volume of 0 . 5 ml per 2 . 54 cm of the patient ' s height .", "entities": [ "hyaluronidase" ] }, { "id": "1914", "type": "gene", "text": "Rhinovirus 2A protease and foot - and - mouth - disease virus L protease were used to analyze the association of eIF4G with eIF4A , eIF4E , and eIF3 .", "entities": [ "Rhinovirus 2A protease", "foot - and - mouth - disease virus L protease", "eIF4G", "eIF4A", "eIF4E", "eIF3" ] }, { "id": "1915", "type": "gene", "text": "One hundred cDNA clones were sequenced and 8 RTKs were identified , as well as 12 non - RTKs and 2 serine / threonine kinases .", "entities": [ "RTKs", "RTKs", "serine / threonine kinases" ] }, { "id": "1917", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , it was found that the Shb - overexpressing cells extended neurites in response to epidermal growth factor .", "entities": [ "Shb", "epidermal growth factor" ] }, { "id": "1918", "type": "gene", "text": "Levels of p53 were substantially increased by E1A expression during adenovirus infection .", "entities": [ "p53", "E1A" ] }, { "id": "1919", "type": "gene", "text": "In cases of intracapsular prostatic cancer the level of prostatic acid phosphatase ( PAP ) measured by radioimmunoassay was 1 . 4 + / - 0 . 8 micrograms / l .", "entities": [ "prostatic acid phosphatase", "PAP" ] }, { "id": "1921", "type": "gene", "text": "In EGF receptor - mediated signaling , the protein kinase PKB / Akt and the mitogen - activated protein kinase c - Jun N - terminal kinase , but not extracellular signal - regulated kinase 2 , function downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase ( PI 3 - kinase ) .", "entities": [ "EGF receptor", "protein kinase PKB", "Akt", "mitogen - activated protein kinase c - Jun N - terminal kinase", "extracellular signal - regulated kinase 2", "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "1922", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoprecipitation of cell lysates with anti - phosphotyrosine and immunoblotting showed phosphorylated forms of the mitogenic pathway proteins Shc and MAPK in addition to p185 ( neu ) , suggesting that the Ras to MAPK mitogenic pathway is activated .", "entities": [ "anti - phosphotyrosine", "Shc", "MAPK", "p185", "neu", "Ras", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "1924", "type": "gene", "text": "We suggest that this effect of Myc is mediated by its action upstream of cyclin E - CDK2 , and occurs via the neutralization of p27 ( Kip1 ) family proteins , rather than induction of Cdc25A .", "entities": [ "Myc", "cyclin E", "CDK2", "p27", "Kip1", "Cdc25A" ] }, { "id": "1926", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that certain of the nuclear protein import functions of NTF2 and Ran / TC4 are closely linked and that NTF2 may serve to modulate a transport step involving Ran / TC4 .", "entities": [ "NTF2", "Ran", "TC4", "NTF2", "Ran", "TC4" ] }, { "id": "1929", "type": "gene", "text": "Both oligonucleotide cross - competition and antibody supershift experiments established that the double - strand binding protein is equivalent to Sp1 .", "entities": [ "Sp1" ] }, { "id": "1932", "type": "gene", "text": "Although FKH2 is redundant with FKH1 in controlling pseudohyphal growth , the two genes have different functions in silencing HMRa .", "entities": [ "FKH2", "FKH1", "HMRa" ] }, { "id": "1933", "type": "gene", "text": "Molecular analysis indicated that inactivation of H - 2L expression in nearly every null clone resulted from an apparent deletion or rearrangement of 5 ' - flanking and 5 ' - coding H - 2L sequences , with breakpoints consistently mapping to within a 550 bp GC - rich region between exon 1 and the middle of intron 2 .", "entities": [ "H - 2L", "5 ' - flanking and 5 ' - coding H - 2L sequences" ] }, { "id": "1934", "type": "gene", "text": "However , C / EBP beta stimulated transcription primarily through the cAMP - responsive element ( CRE ) , which maps between positions - 77 to - 94 , but not at the more 5 ' - binding sites .", "entities": [ "C / EBP beta" ] }, { "id": "1938", "type": "gene", "text": "However , the molecular mechanisms by which specific cis - and trans - acting factors control activity of the prodynorphin promoter are not as clearly defined .", "entities": [ "prodynorphin promoter" ] }, { "id": "1939", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , antisense mediated reduction of Elk - 1 in GH4 cells decreased insulin - increased prolactin gene expression and confirmed the requirement for Elk - 1 for insulin - increased prolactin gene expression .", "entities": [ "Elk - 1", "insulin", "prolactin gene", "Elk - 1", "insulin", "prolactin gene" ] }, { "id": "1944", "type": "gene", "text": "cDNA cloning , sequencing and chromosome mapping of a non - erythroid spectrin , human alpha - fodrin .", "entities": [ "non - erythroid spectrin", "human alpha - fodrin" ] }, { "id": "1945", "type": "gene", "text": "The aromatic hydrocarbon receptor ( AHR ) is a ligand - activated transcription factor that regulates the expression of several drug - metabolizing enzymes and has been implicated in immunosuppression , teratogenesis , cell - specific hyperplasia , and certain types of malignancies and toxicities .", "entities": [ "aromatic hydrocarbon receptor", "AHR" ] }, { "id": "1947", "type": "gene", "text": "To define the molecular mechanism regulating FGFR - 1 gene expression in proliferating myoblasts and post - mitotic muscle fibers , we have isolated and partially characterized the avian FGFR - 1 gene promoter .", "entities": [ "FGFR - 1 gene", "FGFR - 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "1948", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , FACT specifically interacts with nucleosomes and histone H2A / H2B dimers , indicating that it may work by promoting nucleosome disassembly upon transcription .", "entities": [ "FACT", "H2A", "H2B" ] }, { "id": "1950", "type": "gene", "text": "ER and DR were significantly correlated with MIB - 1 LI ( P < 0 . 01 and P < 0 . 05 , respectively ) , but RI and Td / Te were not .", "entities": [ "MIB - 1" ] }, { "id": "1955", "type": "gene", "text": "The program for myogenic differentiation is subject to negative control by several peptide growth factors and by the products of mutationally activated ras oncogenes , which persistently activate intracellular cascades normally triggered by specific growth factors .", "entities": [ "ras oncogenes" ] }, { "id": "1958", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutation of the distal E2F binding site in the cdc25A promoter abolished E2 - induced repression , whereas mutation of the proximal E2F site or the E2 site had no effect .", "entities": [ "E2F binding site", "cdc25A promoter", "E2", "E2F site", "E2 site" ] }, { "id": "1959", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasmid pNK21 , in which 2 . 05 - kb sequence covering the region encoding the nitrilase was was placed under the control of the lac promoter , directed overproduction of enzymatically active nitrilase in response to addition of isopropyl beta - D - thiogalactopyranoside in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "nitrilase", "lac promoter", "enzymatically active nitrilase" ] }, { "id": "1964", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate a specific association of SIV and HIV - 2 nef , but not HIV - 1 nef , with TCRzeta .", "entities": [ "HIV - 2 nef", "HIV - 1 nef", "TCRzeta" ] }, { "id": "1965", "type": "gene", "text": "Insertion of alternatively spliced exon W into CREB mRNA during spermatogenesis results in a polycistronic RNA that encodes two novel internally translated CREB repressor isoforms called I - CREBs , consisting of the carboxy - terminal DNA - binding domain devoid of the transactivation domains .", "entities": [ "CREB mRNA", "CREB repressor isoforms", "I - CREBs" ] }, { "id": "1969", "type": "gene", "text": "Upon incubation of the most highly purified fractions with Mn - ATP or Mg - ATP , p40 was the only protein phosphorylated on tyrosine .", "entities": [ "p40" ] }, { "id": "1970", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with this hypothesis , alpha1 - PDX prevents cleavage of BMP - 4 in an oocyte translation assay .", "entities": [ "alpha1 - PDX", "BMP - 4" ] }, { "id": "1971", "type": "gene", "text": "A p53 cDNA deletion mutant ( delta pro AE ) , which lacks this entire proline - rich domain ( deleted for amino acids 62 - 91 ) , was created and characterized for a variety of p53 functions .", "entities": [ "p53 cDNA", "p53" ] }, { "id": "1972", "type": "gene", "text": "Multiple aortic thrombi associated with protein C and S deficiency .", "entities": [ "protein C", "S" ] }, { "id": "1973", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest that Bry1 / Skn7 can influence the expression of MCB - and SCB - driven gene expression in budding yeast , perhaps including genes involved in cell wall metabolism , via a two - component signal transduction pathway which activates Bry1 / Skn7 in response to an unidentified signal .", "entities": [ "Bry1", "Skn7", "Bry1", "Skn7" ] }, { "id": "1975", "type": "gene", "text": "A constructed phylogenetic tree suggests that the UbcP1 protein may represent a member of a distinct subfamily of E2s .", "entities": [ "UbcP1 protein", "E2s" ] }, { "id": "1976", "type": "gene", "text": "Platelet factor 4 levels in patients with coronary artery disease .", "entities": [ "Platelet factor 4" ] }, { "id": "1977", "type": "gene", "text": "We functionally characterised AtXPO1 by its interaction with NESs of animal and plant proteins , which is inhibited by the cytotoxin leptomycin B ( LMB ) , and also by its interaction with the small GTPase Ran1 in the yeast two - hybrid system .", "entities": [ "AtXPO1", "Ran1" ] }, { "id": "1979", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression of cor14b was strongly impaired in the barley albino mutant an , suggesting the involvement of a plastidial factor in the control of gene expression .", "entities": [ "cor14b" ] }, { "id": "1982", "type": "gene", "text": "S1 nuclease protection mapping and primer extension analysis allowed us to propose that the A residue located 19 bp upstream from the translation initiation codon is the site of transcription initiation .", "entities": [ "S1 nuclease" ] }, { "id": "1983", "type": "gene", "text": "Various stimuli inactivate IkappaB alpha by triggering phosphorylation of the N - terminal residues Ser32 and Ser36 .", "entities": [ "IkappaB alpha" ] }, { "id": "1985", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , the results suggest that N region diversity at V ( D ) J junctions within rearranged immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene loci can only be introduced after the generation of RAG - catalyzed DNA double - strand breaks , i . e . during the DNA end joining phase of the V ( D ) J recombination reaction .", "entities": [ "V", "D", "J", "immunoglobulin", "T cell receptor gene loci", "RAG", "V", "D", "J" ] }, { "id": "1990", "type": "gene", "text": "We have now isolated cDNA for an invertebrate Pax - 6 protein from sea urchin embryos .", "entities": [ "invertebrate Pax - 6 protein from sea urchin embryos" ] }, { "id": "1991", "type": "gene", "text": "To study structural diversity of the three homologous loci encoding a KN1 - like homeobox protein in the hexaploid wheat genome , we isolated clones from a cDNA library of young spikes of Japanese common wheat cultivar ' Norin 26 ' .", "entities": [ "KN1 - like homeobox protein" ] }, { "id": "1992", "type": "gene", "text": "Whether or not these novel repeated sequences throughout the SMA region are involved in the disease remains to be determined .", "entities": [ "SMA region" ] }, { "id": "1993", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , Shp2 regulates phosphotyrosine - signalling events during the complex ectodermal - mesenchymal interactions that regulate mammalian budding morphogenesis .", "entities": [ "Shp2" ] }, { "id": "1995", "type": "gene", "text": "However , elimination of the kinase activity of DCAMKL1 has no detectable effect on its microtubule polymerization activity .", "entities": [ "DCAMKL1" ] }, { "id": "1996", "type": "gene", "text": "We have thus cloned two yeast homologs of mammalian p220 .", "entities": [ "mammalian p220" ] }, { "id": "1997", "type": "gene", "text": "The glucose effect on the pyruvate kinase gene is reversibly antagonized by agents increasing intracellular cAMP .", "entities": [ "pyruvate kinase gene" ] }, { "id": "2000", "type": "gene", "text": "Coexpression of CREB - binding protein ( CBP ) / p300 with TReP - 132 has an additive effect on promoter activity , and the proteins were demonstrated to interact physically .", "entities": [ "CREB - binding protein", "CBP", "p300", "TReP - 132" ] }, { "id": "2002", "type": "gene", "text": "Catalase plays a key role as an antioxidant , protecting aerobic organisms from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide , and in some cases has been postulated to be a virulence factor .", "entities": [ "Catalase" ] }, { "id": "2005", "type": "gene", "text": "Recent developments in the study of growth factors : GRF and somatomedins .", "entities": [ "GRF", "somatomedins" ] }, { "id": "2008", "type": "gene", "text": "Acetoacetate decarboxylase ( ADC ) ( EC4 . 1 . 1 . 4 ) of Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 792 was purified to homogeneity , and its first 25 N - terminal amino acids were determined .", "entities": [ "Acetoacetate decarboxylase", "ADC", "EC4 . 1 . 1 . 4" ] }, { "id": "2010", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequence of the 127 residue NrfF polypeptide , M ( r ) 14 , 522 , is strikingly similar to the CcI2 protein of R . capsulatus , especially in the putative haem - binding motif , RCPQCQNQN . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS )", "entities": [ "127 residue NrfF polypeptide , M ( r ) 14 , 522", "CcI2 protein" ] }, { "id": "2011", "type": "gene", "text": "CAT assays demonstrated that overexpression of RXRalpha conferred the best RA response , consistent with our previous observation that 9 - cis - RA is more potent than all - trans - RA for inducing the expression of the AFP gene .", "entities": [ "CAT", "RXRalpha", "AFP gene" ] }, { "id": "2017", "type": "gene", "text": "Each fusion leads , in principle , to the same effect : The ret tyrosine kinase is uncoupled from its stringent physiological regulation by replacement of its 5 ' end and is aberrantly activated by the 5 ' parts of fused genes in thyrocytes that do not normally express ret tyrosine kinase .", "entities": [ "ret tyrosine kinase", "ret tyrosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "2019", "type": "gene", "text": "In the predicted amino acid sequence of NPS1 , sequences homologous to the catalytic domain of protein kinases were found .", "entities": [ "NPS1" ] }, { "id": "2020", "type": "gene", "text": "Carcinoma - related protein production may have played a role in the development of the observed renal lesions .", "entities": [ "Carcinoma - related protein" ] }, { "id": "2021", "type": "gene", "text": "These results provide strong evidence that conserved interhelical packing interactions in the gp41 core are important determinants of HIV - 1 entry and its inhibition .", "entities": [ "gp41 core" ] }, { "id": "2022", "type": "gene", "text": "Lag phases were 14 . 89 hours + / - 0 . 77 , 13 . 33 hours + / - 0 . 50 , 20 . 22 hours + / - 0 . 76 , and 20 . 00 hours + / - 0 . 79 , respectively , for endothelial cell - induced LDL oxidation .", "entities": [ "LDL" ] }, { "id": "2025", "type": "gene", "text": "The HPV E1 and E2 proteins along with cellular factors , are required for replication of the viral genome .", "entities": [ "E1", "E2" ] }, { "id": "2027", "type": "gene", "text": "In ten other endotoxin - albumin - treated pigs PGE1 infusion ( 0 . 25 micrograms X kg - 1 X min - 1 ) was begun after established pulmonary and cardiovascular dysfunction , for closer mimicking of clinical use .", "entities": [ "albumin" ] }, { "id": "2029", "type": "gene", "text": "Like the human erythrocyte P4 . 2 , mouse erythrocyte P4 . 2 contains regions strikingly homologous with the transglutaminase ( TGase ) proteins although it too most likely lacks TGase crosslinking activity .", "entities": [ "human erythrocyte P4 . 2", "mouse erythrocyte P4 . 2" ] }, { "id": "2031", "type": "gene", "text": "Nine months after the end of the vaccination anti - HBsAg levels had dropped to 9 + / - 4 IU / 1 ( M + / - SE ) , with a geometric mean of 5 IU / 1 , in the nine remaining evaluable patients .", "entities": [ "anti - HBsAg" ] }, { "id": "2033", "type": "gene", "text": "It is postulated that the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer was affected by the antimetabolites since the morphological effects were strikingly similar to those caused by treatment of E . cloacae with disodium edetate plus lysozyme .", "entities": [ "lysozyme" ] }, { "id": "2034", "type": "gene", "text": "DRAP27 is recognized by CD9 antibodies .", "entities": [ "DRAP27", "CD9 antibodies" ] }, { "id": "2036", "type": "gene", "text": "Control oligomers of scrambled sequence but identical base composition were ineffective , and no TFO - induced recombination was seen in a control LTK ( - ) cell line carrying an otherwise identical dual TK gene construct lacking the 30 - bp polypurine target site .", "entities": [ "TK gene construct" ] }, { "id": "2038", "type": "gene", "text": "One cytoplasmic target which reflects the functional state of the plastids is protein kinase C .", "entities": [ "protein kinase C" ] }, { "id": "2039", "type": "gene", "text": "These three chromosomes share the transferrin gene ( TF ) , the myosin light polypeptide 3 gene ( MYL3 ) , and the acylpeptide hydrolase gene ( APEH ) .", "entities": [ "transferrin gene", "TF", "myosin light polypeptide 3 gene", "MYL3", "acylpeptide hydrolase gene", "APEH" ] }, { "id": "2044", "type": "gene", "text": "These data indicate that SB 203580 sensitive p38 MAP kinases are not involved in okadaic acid mediated increases in TRE DNA binding and transactivation .", "entities": [ "p38 MAP kinases" ] }, { "id": "2045", "type": "gene", "text": "Together , these results indicate that YTS1 is a bifunctional protein active in both splicing and protein synthesis .", "entities": [ "YTS1" ] }, { "id": "2047", "type": "gene", "text": "Sgs - 4 is one of the eight known genes coding for larval secretion proteins in Drosophila melanogaster .", "entities": [ "Sgs - 4" ] }, { "id": "2049", "type": "gene", "text": "Human myotonic dystrophy protein kinase ( DMPK ) is a member of a novel class of multidomain protein kinases that regulate cell size and shape in a variety of organisms .", "entities": [ "Human myotonic dystrophy protein kinase", "DMPK" ] }, { "id": "2050", "type": "gene", "text": "The human BRCA1 promoter also contains a conserved E2F site and is similarly regulated by E2F1 and Rb .", "entities": [ "human BRCA1 promoter", "E2F site", "E2F1", "Rb" ] }, { "id": "2051", "type": "gene", "text": "The translated sequence of the FLI LRR associated protein ( FLAP ) encodes a novel protein not represented in the data base .", "entities": [ "FLI LRR associated protein", "FLAP" ] }, { "id": "2053", "type": "gene", "text": "In this respect , the promoter structure of COX genes resemble those of many house - keeping genes .", "entities": [ "COX genes" ] }, { "id": "2054", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro , cytokine - or hypoxia - induced up - regulation of Fas expression is associated with RTC apoptosis .", "entities": [ "Fas" ] }, { "id": "2055", "type": "gene", "text": "The site of acetylation of Tat was mapped to the double - lysine motif in a highly conserved region , ( 49 ) RKKRRQ ( 54 ) , of the basic RNA - binding motif of Tat .", "entities": [ "Tat", "Tat" ] }, { "id": "2059", "type": "gene", "text": "Using unidirectional PCR we isolated a 361 - bp 5 ' promoter region and delineated the intronic / exonic boundaries which include a non - coding exon 1 , a single intron , and a coding exon 2 , a structure that is typical of genes of the RNase A superfamily .", "entities": [ "RNase A superfamily" ] }, { "id": "2060", "type": "gene", "text": "When severe hypoxia was acutely produced by ventilation with low - oxygen mixtures in experimental ( PaO2 , 23 . 7 + / - 1 . 7 torr ) and control animals ( PaO2 , 26 . 3 + / - 1 . 0 torr ) , plasma insulin responses were markedly inhibited in both .", "entities": [ "plasma insulin" ] }, { "id": "2061", "type": "gene", "text": "Uptake of colicins required different domains in TonB , for colicin B and M around residue 160 and for colicin Ia , a domain closer to the C - terminal end .", "entities": [ "colicins", "TonB", "colicin B and M", "colicin Ia" ] }, { "id": "2066", "type": "gene", "text": "It is dangerous to label such conditions as ' inappropriate ' secretion of ADH since the maintenance of circulating volume is at least as important a physiological requirement as the defence of tonicity .", "entities": [ "ADH" ] }, { "id": "2069", "type": "gene", "text": "Cells were cotransfected with this plasmid , and the appropriate responder plasmids and clonies were selected on the basis of their resistance to Geneticin ( via the neomycin aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene ) .", "entities": [ "neomycin aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene" ] }, { "id": "2070", "type": "gene", "text": "This C - terminal domain contains several YxxI / L motifs reminiscent of LMP2A and a putative TRAF binding site as in LMP1 .", "entities": [ "LMP2A", "TRAF binding site", "LMP1" ] }, { "id": "2074", "type": "gene", "text": "This mutation was associated with reduced or absent expression of TGF - beta RI protein and p53 protein in tumor tissues .", "entities": [ "TGF - beta RI protein", "p53 protein" ] }, { "id": "2075", "type": "gene", "text": "SCAN boxes are found in eight other genes in the GenBank database , five of which are also in the Kruppel family of zinc finger proteins lacking KRAB A and B domains and thereby define a new subclass of zinc finger proteins .", "entities": [ "SCAN", "Kruppel family", "zinc finger proteins", "KRAB A and B", "zinc finger proteins" ] }, { "id": "2079", "type": "gene", "text": "YACs selected from our contig will be the starting point for the cloning of the LGMD2B gene and thereby establish the biological basis for this form of muscular dystrophy and its relationship with the other limb - girdle muscular dystrophies .", "entities": [ "LGMD2B gene" ] }, { "id": "2080", "type": "gene", "text": "The amount of ERCC1 detectable by immunoblotting is reduced in group 1 , group 4 and XP - F extracts .", "entities": [ "ERCC1" ] }, { "id": "2081", "type": "gene", "text": "In the plant malate synthases , the extension is probably involved in routing to the microbodies , since it contains the potential peroxisomal targeting signal , Ser - Arg / Lys - Leu , at the carboxy terminus .", "entities": [ "plant malate synthases" ] }, { "id": "2082", "type": "gene", "text": "Optimized USF and MYC DNA - binding sites , which differ in the nucleotides bordering the hexanucleotide box displace the E - C4 factor in competition assays but with lesser efficiency than the E - C4 site itself .", "entities": [ "USF", "MYC", "E - C4 factor", "E - C4 site" ] }, { "id": "2083", "type": "gene", "text": "Screening of human cDNA libraries has identified two different 5 ' - termini and alternatively spliced forms of the human Fli - 1 gene ( Fli - 1b ) , suggesting the possible existence of two independent promoters .", "entities": [ "human Fli - 1 gene", "Fli - 1b" ] }, { "id": "2084", "type": "gene", "text": "A surge in the rate of ascorbyl radical production , directly correlated with oxyradical stress and an abrupt fall in superoxide dismutase activity in the granuloma , indicates ' switching on ' of a free radical - dependent machinery for the formation of granuloma after vasectomy .", "entities": [ "superoxide dismutase" ] }, { "id": "2085", "type": "gene", "text": "After 5 - h thermal induction of cells carrying the runaway recombinant pBS1 , protein B2 constituted 40 % of the soluble protein fraction of the cells .", "entities": [ "protein B2" ] }, { "id": "2086", "type": "gene", "text": "A regulatory element of the empty spiracles homeobox gene is composed of three distinct conserved regions that bind regulatory proteins .", "entities": [ "empty spiracles" ] }, { "id": "2089", "type": "gene", "text": "Vorozole ( Rivizor ) is a potent and stereospecific inhibitor of aromatase having shown promising endocrine effects in phase I studies .", "entities": [ "aromatase" ] }, { "id": "2094", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings suggest that T3R can repress or activate transcription while tethered to the LBD of GAL4 - RXR and that heterodimerization can occur in vivo without stabilization by hormone response elements .", "entities": [ "T3R", "GAL4", "RXR" ] }, { "id": "2095", "type": "gene", "text": "Most interestingly , although the effector plasmid containing the ICP27 gene had little effect on its own , two different and marked effects depending on the target were observed when ICP27 was combined with ICP4 or ICP0 or both .", "entities": [ "ICP27 gene", "ICP27", "ICP4", "ICP0" ] }, { "id": "2097", "type": "gene", "text": "TOM1 encodes a member of the hect - domain - containing E3 ubiquitin - protein ligase family that is required for growth at elevated temperatures .", "entities": [ "TOM1", "hect", "ubiquitin - protein ligase" ] }, { "id": "2098", "type": "gene", "text": "Genomic clones containing the C . briggsae gene are able to completely rescue the unc - 119 phenotype in transgenic C . elegans mutants .", "entities": [ "unc - 119 phenotype" ] }, { "id": "2100", "type": "gene", "text": "Region - specific enhancers near two mammalian homeo box genes define adjacent rostrocaudal domains in the central nervous system .", "entities": [ "mammalian homeo box genes" ] }, { "id": "2101", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we report the cloning and sequencing of several overlapping cDNAs encoding approximately 4 . 1 kb of the human homologue of Wnt - 5A .", "entities": [ "human homologue of Wnt - 5A" ] }, { "id": "2102", "type": "gene", "text": "Subtype - and response element - dependent differences in transactivation by peroxisome proliferator - activated receptors alpha and gamma .", "entities": [ "peroxisome proliferator - activated receptors alpha and gamma" ] }, { "id": "2105", "type": "gene", "text": "We suggest that the induction of IFNA promoter region requires cooperation between alpha F1 binding proteins and IRF - 1 .", "entities": [ "IFNA promoter region", "alpha F1 binding proteins", "IRF - 1" ] }, { "id": "2106", "type": "gene", "text": "Heterologous hybridization with a rps12 gene specific probe from Euglena has revealed the presence of rps12 homologous sequences within the inverted repeat of Spirodela chloroplast DNA on the fragment BamHI - V .", "entities": [ "rps12 gene", "rps12 homologous sequences", "fragment BamHI - V" ] }, { "id": "2109", "type": "gene", "text": "This raises the possibility that recombination occurred between corresponding LTR and vif loci of the quasi - species present in the isolates described here .", "entities": [ "vif loci" ] }, { "id": "2110", "type": "gene", "text": "In HMEC stably transfected with an ER mutant containing a deletion in the second zinc finger of the DNA - binding domain , E and HT had different effects on EBBP gene expression ; EBBP regulation by E was dramatically reduced while the effects of HT were augmented .", "entities": [ "ER mutant", "EBBP gene", "EBBP" ] }, { "id": "2111", "type": "gene", "text": "The gene atp6 , encoding subunit 6 of the mitochondrial F0 - ATPase complex , has been characterized from both the normal ( fertile ) and Ogura ( male - sterile ) radish cytoplasms in order to determine if previously identified atp6 transcriptional differences could play a role in cytoplasmic male sterility .", "entities": [ "gene atp6", "F0", "ATPase", "atp6" ] }, { "id": "2113", "type": "gene", "text": "The gag - myc proteins encoded by these variants efficiently localized to the cell nucleus .", "entities": [ "gag", "myc" ] }, { "id": "2114", "type": "gene", "text": "Hpr1 forms , together with Tho2 , Mft1 , and Thp2 , the THO complex , which controls transcription elongation and genome stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "Hpr1", "Tho2", "Mft1", "Thp2", "THO complex" ] }, { "id": "2115", "type": "gene", "text": "UPR elements present in other ER chaperone genes , such as yeast KAR2 ( BiP ) , mammalian GRP78 ( BiP ) , and GRP94 , function in an analogous manner to that in FKB2 .", "entities": [ "yeast KAR2", "BiP", "mammalian GRP78", "BiP", "GRP94", "FKB2" ] }, { "id": "2118", "type": "gene", "text": "Strains carrying a snf1 mutation are unable to grow on sucrose , galactose , maltose , melibiose , or nonfermentable carbon sources ; utilization of these carbon sources is regulated by glucose repression .", "entities": [ "snf1 mutation" ] }, { "id": "2121", "type": "gene", "text": "These data also suggest the existence of a mechanism by which regulatory subunits modulate the PI 3 - kinase - mediated signals , independent of the kinase activity , possibly through subcellular localization of the catalytic subunit or interaction with additional signaling molecules .", "entities": [ "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "2124", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasmid subclones of the hr1a - containing AcMNPV HindIII - N fragment were examined for their ability to replicate in virus - infected ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) Sf9 cells , and to stimulate transcription when linked in cis with a 39K gene promoter - beta - glucuronidase fusion and cotransfected into cells along with a plasmid ( ple - 1 ) containing the gene encoding the trans - acting factor IE - 1 .", "entities": [ "hr1a", "HindIII", "39K gene promoter - beta - glucuronidase fusion", "IE - 1" ] }, { "id": "2125", "type": "gene", "text": "Transfection of H chain loss variant myeloma with the complete 12 kb construct , termed 238H - Cmicro , resulted in secretion of intact Ig pairing 238H - Cmicro , with a lambda L chain ; however , transfectant Ig lacked autoreactivity and pathogenicity .", "entities": [ "H chain loss variant", "238H - Cmicro", "238H - Cmicro", "lambda L chain", "transfectant Ig" ] }, { "id": "2127", "type": "gene", "text": "In normal B cells stimulated by LPS or IL - 4 , new complexes appear that bind to C / EBP and NF - IL - 4 elements , respectively , located within the - 125 / - 101 region .", "entities": [ "IL - 4", "C / EBP", "NF - IL - 4 elements" ] }, { "id": "2128", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we describe the crystal structure at 2 . 5 A resolution of a fragment of the integrase of Rous sarcoma virus ( residues 49 - 286 ) containing both the conserved catalytic domain and a modulatory DNA - binding domain ( C domain ) .", "entities": [ "integrase of Rous sarcoma virus ( residues 49 - 286 )" ] }, { "id": "2130", "type": "gene", "text": "The B . aphidicola argS - rrn DNA fragments from endosymbionts from seven species of aphids had promoter activities in E . coli which ranged from 6 to 135 % of that observed with a comparable DNA fragment of E . coli rrnB .", "entities": [ "B . aphidicola argS - rrn DNA fragments", "E . coli rrnB" ] }, { "id": "2131", "type": "gene", "text": "The adeno - associated virus type 2 ( AAV - 2 ) Rep78 / Rep68 regulatory proteins are pleiotropic effectors of viral and cellular DNA replication , of cellular transformation by viral and cellular oncogenes , and of homologous and heterologous gene expression .", "entities": [ "Rep78", "Rep68" ] }, { "id": "2132", "type": "gene", "text": "Role of the CCAAT / enhancer binding protein - alpha transcription factor in the glucocorticoid stimulation of p21waf1 / cip1 gene promoter activity in growth - arrested rat hepatoma cells .", "entities": [ "CCAAT / enhancer binding protein - alpha transcription factor", "p21waf1", "cip1" ] }, { "id": "2134", "type": "gene", "text": "The highly conserved region of U6 snRNA has a structural similarity with the catalytic domain of the negative strand of the satellite RNA of tobacco ring spot virus [ ( - ) sTRSV ] , suggesting that the highly conserved region of U6 snRNA forms the catalytic center .", "entities": [ "U6 snRNA", "U6 snRNA" ] }, { "id": "2135", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that one nudF suppressor also suppresses hs - mutations in nudA , nudC , and nudG and deletions in nudA and nudF .", "entities": [ "nudF suppressor", "nudA", "nudC", "nudG", "nudA", "nudF" ] }, { "id": "2136", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment of cells for 10 min with TNF - alpha resulted in activation of p44 / 42 MAPK , p38 , and JNK .", "entities": [ "TNF - alpha", "p44 / 42", "p38", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "2137", "type": "gene", "text": "This report describes the isolation and recombinant expression of a cDNA clone encoding HER4 , the fourth member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) family .", "entities": [ "HER4", "human epidermal growth factor receptor", "EGFR" ] }, { "id": "2140", "type": "gene", "text": "Excess recombinant PTB squelches the splicing switch and reestablishes exon skipping as the predominant splicing pathway .", "entities": [ "recombinant PTB" ] }, { "id": "2141", "type": "gene", "text": "A child presumed to have the 21 - hydroxylase deficiency form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia was studied extensively as an infant .", "entities": [ "21 - hydroxylase" ] }, { "id": "2142", "type": "gene", "text": "Sixtieth anniversary of Angiotensin .", "entities": [ "Angiotensin" ] }, { "id": "2144", "type": "gene", "text": "MDA - MB - 468 cells were stably transfected with either a plasmid having a CMV promoter - driven rabbit beta - globin gene or plasmids having a CMV promoter - driven chimeric gadd45 5 \" - UTR - rabbit beta - globin gene , where the entire gadd45 5 \" - UTR ( from + 1 to + 298 ) or a 45 bp subfragment of the gadd45 5 \" - UTR ( from + 10 to + 55 ) was positioned at the 5 \" - end of the rabbit beta - globin gene .", "entities": [ "CMV promoter", "rabbit beta - globin gene", "CMV promoter", "gadd45", "rabbit beta - globin", "entire gadd45 5 \" - UTR ( from + 1 to + 298 )", "gadd45 5 \" - UTR ( from + 10 to + 55 )", "rabbit beta - globin gene" ] }, { "id": "2146", "type": "gene", "text": "Following EGF or NGF stimulation of the v - CrkPC12 cells , the v - Crk protein itself became tyrosine phosphorylated within 1 min .", "entities": [ "EGF", "NGF", "v - Crk" ] }, { "id": "2147", "type": "gene", "text": "BCR - ABL expression confers cross - resistance to multiple genotoxic anticancer drugs by inhibition of the apoptotic response to DNA damage in association with cell cycle arrest at the G2 - M restriction point .", "entities": [ "BCR", "ABL" ] }, { "id": "2153", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion analysis of the 3 . 5kb DNA fragment revealed that the region between - 125 to + 1 , containing a single Sp1 binding site , is essential for transcription of the embigin gene .", "entities": [ "Sp1 binding site", "embigin gene" ] }, { "id": "2158", "type": "gene", "text": "The protein kinase C inhibitor GF - 109203X abolished the activation by phorbol ester and inhibited the effect of CCK by 78 % but had no effect on EGF - activated MAPK activity .", "entities": [ "protein kinase C", "CCK", "EGF", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "2159", "type": "gene", "text": "Activated FGFR3 predominantly interacts with GRB2 . Sos in complex with a previously identified 90 - kDa protein and designated protein 80K - H .", "entities": [ "FGFR3", "GRB2 . Sos", "protein 80K - H" ] }, { "id": "2160", "type": "gene", "text": "The rate of collagen synthesis in normal scar was approximately constant between 6 months and 20 years after the initial wounding , but in both hypertrophic scar and keloid the rate was initially approximately twice that in normal scar , and 2 - 3 years after wounding it fell to approximately the same level as in normal scar .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "2161", "type": "gene", "text": "Evidence for a role of Smad6 in chick cardiac development .", "entities": [ "Smad6" ] }, { "id": "2163", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutational analysis of yeast CEG1 demonstrated that four of the five conserved motifs are essential for capping enzyme function in vivo .", "entities": [ "yeast CEG1", "capping enzyme" ] }, { "id": "2165", "type": "gene", "text": "The LIF appeared to be released by the patient ' s peripheral blood lymphocytes when cultured with optimal doses of propranolol .", "entities": [ "LIF" ] }, { "id": "2167", "type": "gene", "text": "Co - expression of PLD1 in COS - 7 cells with the two recombinant CK2 subunits , alpha or beta , suggests that the association of PLD1 with the kinase is through the beta subunit .", "entities": [ "PLD1", "recombinant CK2 subunits", "PLD1" ] }, { "id": "2170", "type": "gene", "text": "Our objective was to find possible predictors for the expression and progression of LJM and to evaluate the relationship between LJM and other long - term complications of insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "2171", "type": "gene", "text": "Human recombinant erythropoietin ( r - HuEPO , EprexR ) was administered to 8 children with chronic renal failure and high transfusion requirement .", "entities": [ "Human recombinant erythropoietin", "r - HuEPO", "EprexR" ] }, { "id": "2173", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern analyses further confirm that the expression of endogenous alpha - ENaC gene in salivary Pa - 4 cells is suppressed by an ectopic HMGI - C overexpression .", "entities": [ "alpha - ENaC gene", "HMGI - C" ] }, { "id": "2174", "type": "gene", "text": "Removal of cyclin - dependant kinases ( cdks ) or cdk2 from these extracts using affinity matrices severely inhibits initiation of S phase .", "entities": [ "cyclin - dependant kinases", "cdks", "cdk2" ] }, { "id": "2175", "type": "gene", "text": "Gel mobility shift analyses reveal that FRTL - 5 thyroid cell nuclear extracts form a specific protein / DNA complex with this region , which is prevented by the TTF - 1 binding element from the TG promoter ; FRT and BRL cell nuclear extracts do not have TTF - 1 and do not form this complex .", "entities": [ "TTF - 1 binding element", "TG promoter", "TTF - 1" ] }, { "id": "2176", "type": "gene", "text": "The Sty1 kinase is stimulated by a variety of different stress conditions including osmotic and oxidative stress and heat shock .", "entities": [ "Sty1 kinase" ] }, { "id": "2179", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the genes coding for mouse and human p36 ( annexin II ) and mouse , rat and human p35 ( annexin I ) and pigeon cp35 ( an annexin I - related protein ) shows strong genomic structural conservation supporting the hypothesis that these genes had a common ancestor .", "entities": [ "p36", "annexin II", "p35", "annexin I", "cp35", "annexin I - related protein" ] }, { "id": "2182", "type": "gene", "text": "Collectively , these studies suggest that the major EGF - stimulated mitotic growth pathways may not be absolutely linked to the stat91 signaling pathways and that such transcription complexes are more complex than previously reported .", "entities": [ "EGF", "stat91" ] }, { "id": "2187", "type": "gene", "text": "The oxalate oxidase method results in a mean and reference interval for oxalate excretion that are comparable with those by isotope dilution , gas - chromatographic , colorimetric , and other enzymic procedures .", "entities": [ "oxalate oxidase" ] }, { "id": "2188", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , we show that expression of antisense mRNA for p130CAS resulted in reversion of the transformed phenotype of all these cell lines .", "entities": [ "p130CAS" ] }, { "id": "2191", "type": "gene", "text": "The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by MSK1 is homologous to yeast cytoplasmic lysyl - tRNA synthetase and to the product of the herC gene , which has recently been suggested to code for the Escherichia coli enzyme .", "entities": [ "MSK1", "yeast cytoplasmic lysyl - tRNA synthetase", "herC gene" ] }, { "id": "2192", "type": "gene", "text": "Similar to the D , B / B ' and E proteins , the F and G proteins do not possess any of the known RNA binding motifs , suggesting that other types of RNA - protein interactions occur in the snRNP core .", "entities": [ "D", "B", "B '", "E proteins", "F", "G proteins" ] }, { "id": "2193", "type": "gene", "text": "These observations suggest that clr4 + and rik1 + must play a role in the assembly of Swi6p into a transcriptionally silent , inaccessible chromatin structure at fission yeast centromeres which is required to facilitate interactions with spindle microtubules and to ensure normal chromosome segregation .", "entities": [ "clr4 +", "rik1 +", "Swi6p" ] }, { "id": "2194", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of a DEAD box ATPase / RNA helicase protein of Arabidopsis thaliana .", "entities": [ "DEAD box ATPase", "RNA helicase" ] }, { "id": "2200", "type": "gene", "text": "Blood samples for determination of fibrinolytic activity and factor VIII in plasma were obtained before and immediately after the end of compression and application of a stocking , respectively .", "entities": [ "factor VIII" ] }, { "id": "2201", "type": "gene", "text": "Neither symptoms , virions , nor viral RNA was detectable in plants inoculated with this mutant or a mutant with a frameshift mutation in the coat gene .", "entities": [ "coat gene" ] }, { "id": "2204", "type": "gene", "text": "The AtNMT1 expression profile indicated ubiquity in roots , stem , leaves , flowers , and siliques ( approximately 1 . 7 kb transcript and approximately 50 kDa immunoreactive polypeptide ) but a greater level in the younger tissue , which are developmentally very active .", "entities": [ "AtNMT1" ] }, { "id": "2207", "type": "gene", "text": "Following replicate control measurements , test ramps were repeated in the presence of sodium nitroprusside ( 1 microM ) and phentolamine ( 1 microM ) to eliminate potential smooth muscle and alpha 1 - adrenoceptor effects , respectively .", "entities": [ "alpha 1 - adrenoceptor" ] }, { "id": "2215", "type": "gene", "text": "Further analysis of the CAP59 locus of Cryptococcus neoformans : structure defined by forced expression and description of a new ribosomal protein - encoding gene .", "entities": [ "CAP59 locus of Cryptococcus neoformans", "ribosomal protein - encoding gene" ] }, { "id": "2216", "type": "gene", "text": "We speculate that the enhancing effect of glucose and galactose on fructose absorption may be due to activation of the fructose carrier .", "entities": [ "fructose carrier" ] }, { "id": "2218", "type": "gene", "text": "The DFGF - R protein may thus participate in receiving spatial cues that guide tracheal cell outgrowth .", "entities": [ "DFGF - R protein" ] }, { "id": "2221", "type": "gene", "text": "The NS - 2 isoforms were resolved at a pI value close to 5 . 5 as three groups of unevenly phosphorylated polypeptides , each composed of at least two protein species .", "entities": [ "NS - 2 isoforms" ] }, { "id": "2223", "type": "gene", "text": "A . nidulans transformants secreted high amounts of PGI and PGII in comparison to the previously characterized A . niger transformants and a novel polygalacturonase ( PGC ) was produced at high levels by A . nidulans transformed with the subcloned pgaC gene .", "entities": [ "PGI", "PGII", "polygalacturonase", "PGC", "pgaC gene" ] }, { "id": "2224", "type": "gene", "text": "This interaction is functional as it leads to retargeting of NF - kappa B p50 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm .", "entities": [ "p50" ] }, { "id": "2225", "type": "gene", "text": "The orf2 gene product is a protein of 79 amino acids with characteristics similar to those of the Tat ( transactivator ) proteins of the ungulate lentiviruses .", "entities": [ "Tat", "transactivator" ] }, { "id": "2228", "type": "gene", "text": "Rac2 , a member of the Rho family of GTPases , is highly expressed in myeloid cells and is a regulator of the NADPH - oxidase complex .", "entities": [ "Rac2", "Rho family", "GTPases", "NADPH - oxidase complex" ] }, { "id": "2229", "type": "gene", "text": "In vitro kinase assays on isolated microvilli and microvillar fractions enriched in the putative signal transduction particle showed a high specific activity of tyrosine kinase activity compared to that of membranes from EGF receptor - overexpressing A431 cells maximally activated by EGF .", "entities": [ "tyrosine kinase", "EGF receptor", "EGF" ] }, { "id": "2231", "type": "gene", "text": "In the studies described in this report , we have identified two potential Ets binding sites , EBS1 and EBS2 , which are conserved in both the human and murine interleukin - 2 enhancers .", "entities": [ "Ets", "EBS1", "EBS2", "interleukin - 2" ] }, { "id": "2232", "type": "gene", "text": "KatA , AhpCF , heme biosynthesis enzymes , and MrgA are also induced upon entry into stationary phase under conditions of iron and manganese limitation .", "entities": [ "KatA", "AhpCF", "MrgA" ] }, { "id": "2234", "type": "gene", "text": "This region shows 46 % identity with the calmodulin - binding region of rat brain Ca2 + / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase II and 32 % identity with the equivalent region of chicken smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase .", "entities": [ "calmodulin - binding region", "rat brain Ca2 + / calmodulin - dependent protein kinase II", "chicken smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase" ] }, { "id": "2236", "type": "gene", "text": "It contains 31 exons and a high proportion of class 0 introns , alternative splicing of which results in significant levels of variant transcripts that maintain the original open reading frame of MRP mRNA .", "entities": [ "MRP mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2240", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings suggest that NMDA receptor blockade may ameliorate the dyskinetic complications of long - term levodopa therapy , without diminishing the beneficial effects on parkinsonian signs .", "entities": [ "NMDA receptor" ] }, { "id": "2242", "type": "gene", "text": "The distinct spatial pattern of expression , and unusual amino acid sequence in its DNA binding domain , may indicate a particular role for DTEF - 1 in cell - specific gene regulation .", "entities": [ "DTEF - 1" ] }, { "id": "2247", "type": "gene", "text": "Scleraxis overexpression enhanced expression of the aggrecan gene , which is not normally expressed at high levels in these osteoblastic cells .", "entities": [ "Scleraxis", "aggrecan gene" ] }, { "id": "2248", "type": "gene", "text": "This study demonstrates that the exposure to sulphur mustard results in very low androgen levels and hypo - responsiveness to GnRH in the first five weeks and normalization by the twelfth week after injury .", "entities": [ "GnRH" ] }, { "id": "2254", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , we tested whether activation by either of these factors is dependent on components of the SAGA complex .", "entities": [ "SAGA complex" ] }, { "id": "2255", "type": "gene", "text": "Eight of the 17 seropositive patients failed to develop detectable hepatitis B surface antibody within three months of the third injection compared with only one of the 18 seronegative patients ( p less than 0 . 01 ) .", "entities": [ "hepatitis B surface antibody" ] }, { "id": "2257", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of eIF4E transforms cells , and mutations in eIF4E arrest cells in G , in cdc33 mutants .", "entities": [ "eIF4E", "eIF4E", "cdc33 mutants" ] }, { "id": "2259", "type": "gene", "text": "Repression of the herpes simplex virus 1 alpha 4 gene by its gene product ( ICP4 ) within the context of the viral genome is conditioned by the distance and stereoaxial alignment of the ICP4 DNA binding site relative to the TATA box .", "entities": [ "herpes simplex virus 1 alpha 4 gene", "ICP4", "ICP4 DNA binding site" ] }, { "id": "2260", "type": "gene", "text": "As anticipated , both intracellular p54 - SAPKbeta activation and Bcl - 2 phosphorylation are blocked by co - transfection with the MAP kinase specific phosphatase MKP3 / PYST1 .", "entities": [ "p54", "SAPKbeta", "Bcl - 2", "MAP kinase", "MKP3", "PYST1" ] }, { "id": "2261", "type": "gene", "text": "Relation between circulating immune complexes and serum ferritin in hemosiderosis of different etiologies", "entities": [ "serum ferritin" ] }, { "id": "2266", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment of excessive bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass was based on an algorithm using point - of - care testing with whole blood prothrombin time , activated partial thromboplastin time , heparinase activated clotting time , and platelet count .", "entities": [ "blood prothrombin", "thromboplastin", "heparinase" ] }, { "id": "2268", "type": "gene", "text": "To assess the safety of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril a multicenter , open , randomized , prazosin - controlled trial was designed comparing the incidence and severity of symptomatic hypotension on the first day of treatment .", "entities": [ "angiotensin converting enzyme" ] }, { "id": "2269", "type": "gene", "text": "Glucose may reduce slightly the pool of amino nitrogen available for albumin and urea synthesis by diverting some of the infused amino acids from protein synthesis by the liver to muscle .", "entities": [ "albumin" ] }, { "id": "2271", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously reported the first isolation of a c - myc - null cell line .", "entities": [ "c - myc - null" ] }, { "id": "2275", "type": "gene", "text": "Antibodies specific to the different members of the Jun and Fos family of transcription factors show that , in gel retardation assays , a Jun - like factor is a component of the H3 . 2 specific complex .", "entities": [ "Jun", "Fos family of transcription factors", "Jun - like factor", "H3 . 2 specific complex" ] }, { "id": "2277", "type": "gene", "text": "The recombinant L / F - transferase is as active as the previously purified wild type enzyme and contains no detectable RNA component .", "entities": [ "recombinant L / F - transferase" ] }, { "id": "2279", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , site - specific integration of the ITR - flanked DNA was also detected by PCR amplification of the ITR - aavs1 junction in transduced human fibroblasts .", "entities": [ "ITR - aavs1 junction" ] }, { "id": "2280", "type": "gene", "text": "Oct - 1 is a ubiquitously expressed regulatory gene of the POU domain family .", "entities": [ "Oct - 1", "POU domain family" ] }, { "id": "2281", "type": "gene", "text": "In both study stages . post - exposure treatment consisted of five injections of vaccine [ ( D ) ays 0 , 3 , 7 , 14 , 28 ] , together with a dose of rabies immunoglobulin ( RIG ) of equine or human origin on D0 .", "entities": [ "rabies immunoglobulin", "RIG" ] }, { "id": "2287", "type": "gene", "text": "The virus must progress past the immediate - early phase and express an early gene product ( s ) for activation of cyclin E expression .", "entities": [ "early gene product ( s )", "cyclin E" ] }, { "id": "2288", "type": "gene", "text": "In CYP7A1 transgenic mice , livers contained approximately 3 - fold more sterol response element - binding protein - 2 mRNA .", "entities": [ "CYP7A1", "sterol response element - binding protein - 2 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2292", "type": "gene", "text": "Binding of the TorR regulator to cis - acting direct repeats activates tor operon expression .", "entities": [ "TorR regulator", "tor operon" ] }, { "id": "2295", "type": "gene", "text": "This is a consensus casein kinase II ( CKII ) site and , using purified wild - type and mutant proteins , we show that it is the main CKII site in the body of the N - terminal complex - forming region .", "entities": [ "casein kinase II", "CKII", "CKII site" ] }, { "id": "2297", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment with polyinosinic - polycytidylic acid to induce expression of Cre resulted in complete disruption of the Arnt gene and loss of ARNT messenger RNA ( mRNA ) expression in liver .", "entities": [ "Cre", "Arnt gene", "ARNT messenger RNA" ] }, { "id": "2299", "type": "gene", "text": "Tubular dysfunction in renal lithiasis : cause or consequence ? ] To investigate whether overall tubular dysfunction is encountered in a particular subgroup of patients with urolithiasis , the following parameters of renal tubular function have been measured in fasting morning urine in 124 male stone formers : excretion of lysozyme and gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase ( gamma - GT ) , fractional excretion ( FE ) or glucose , insulin , bicarbonate after an alkali load , and theoretical phosphate threshold ( TmP / GFR ) .", "entities": [ "lysozyme", "gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase", "gamma - GT", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "2300", "type": "gene", "text": "Interaction between the tobacco DNA - binding activity CBF and the cyt - 1 promoter element of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens T - DNA gene T - CYT correlates with cyt - 1 directed gene expression in multiple tobacco tissue types .", "entities": [ "CBF", "cyt - 1 promoter element", "T - CYT", "cyt - 1" ] }, { "id": "2304", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis of AEBP2 cDNA revealed that it encodes a protein containing three Gli - Kruppel ( Cys2 - His2 ) - type zinc fingers .", "entities": [ "AEBP2 cDNA", "Gli", "Kruppel" ] }, { "id": "2305", "type": "gene", "text": "In the case of the pT181 plasmid , inactivation of the initiator RepC protein occurs by the attachment of an oligonucleotide to its active tyrosine residue .", "entities": [ "initiator RepC protein" ] }, { "id": "2307", "type": "gene", "text": "Extracellular regulated kinases ( ERK ) 1 and ERK2 are authentic substrates for the dual - specificity protein - tyrosine phosphatase VHR .", "entities": [ "Extracellular regulated kinases ( ERK ) 1", "ERK2", "dual - specificity protein - tyrosine phosphatase VHR" ] }, { "id": "2310", "type": "gene", "text": "Truncations from Hip ' s N terminus resulted in an apparent loss of Hip homo - oligomerization , but these mutants retained association with hsp70 and were recovered in receptor complexes .", "entities": [ "Hip", "Hip", "hsp70" ] }, { "id": "2315", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we describe a patient with renal cell carcinoma who experienced ventricular tachycardia while undergoing treatment with high - dose bolus IL - 2 .", "entities": [ "IL - 2" ] }, { "id": "2317", "type": "gene", "text": "The regulatory genes cnrYXH have been cloned , overexpressed , and purified in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "cnrYXH" ] }, { "id": "2318", "type": "gene", "text": "Examination of the Coomassie - stained gels revealed that the capsid - like particles composed of the N11 - VP1 protein did not contain any host - derived histones .", "entities": [ "N11 - VP1", "histones" ] }, { "id": "2319", "type": "gene", "text": "Conversion of an NF - kappaB into a GABP binding site is likely to have occurred also during the worldwide spread of HIV - 1 , as we noticed the same LTR modification in subtype E isolates from Thailand .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB", "GABP" ] }, { "id": "2320", "type": "gene", "text": "Protein binding to UAS1MLS1 was observed with extracts from derepressed but not from repressed cells , and could be competed for by an excess of the unlabelled CSRE ( ICL1 ) sequence .", "entities": [ "UAS1MLS1", "ICL1" ] }, { "id": "2321", "type": "gene", "text": "We then isolated the full - length coding region of the human BACH1 gene using expressed sequence tags , reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends .", "entities": [ "human BACH1 gene" ] }, { "id": "2323", "type": "gene", "text": "The 7 . 2 kb EcoRI fragment of AfMNPV was cloned and the nucleotide sequences of the polyhedrin coding region and its flanking regions were determined .", "entities": [ "7 . 2 kb EcoRI fragment of AfMNPV", "polyhedrin" ] }, { "id": "2325", "type": "gene", "text": "The increments in median plasma secretin concentration were 1 . 6 , 3 . 0 , and 6 . 4 pmol x 1 ( - 1 ) after secretin , 125 , 250 and 500 fmol x kg - 1 , and the corresponding 15 - min bicarbonate output 283 , 442 , and 1435 micromol , respectively .", "entities": [ "plasma secretin", "secretin" ] }, { "id": "2327", "type": "gene", "text": "Because c - myb encodes a transcriptional activator that functions via DNA binding , it is likely that c - myb exerts its biological activity by regulating the transcription of genes required for DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression .", "entities": [ "c - myb", "c - myb" ] }, { "id": "2329", "type": "gene", "text": "Coexpression of c - Rel in combination with ATF - 1 , CREB2 , or ATF - 1 / CREB2 leads to synergistic transactivation of a CD28RE - TRE reporter plasmid in quiescent Jurkat T - cells .", "entities": [ "c - Rel", "ATF - 1", "CREB2", "ATF - 1", "CREB2", "CD28RE - TRE reporter" ] }, { "id": "2331", "type": "gene", "text": "The genes on each chromosome involved in this translocation have been identified as the transcription factor - encoding genes PAX3 and FKHR .", "entities": [ "PAX3", "FKHR" ] }, { "id": "2332", "type": "gene", "text": "A search was conducted for suppressors of the inositol auxotrophic phenotype of the ino4 - 8 mutant of yeast .", "entities": [ "ino4 - 8 mutant" ] }, { "id": "2335", "type": "gene", "text": "This novel TRPC7 gene could be a candidate gene for genetic disorders such as bipolar affective disorder , nonsyndromic hereditary deafness , Knobloch syndrome , and holoprosencephaly , which were mapped to this region .", "entities": [ "TRPC7 gene" ] }, { "id": "2336", "type": "gene", "text": "Paradoxically , loop 3i from the M1Ach - muscarinic receptor also maximally inhibited GnRH agonist - stimulated cAMP accumulation and PRL release by 40 % ( both effects mediated through activation of the Gs protein ) .", "entities": [ "M1Ach - muscarinic receptor", "GnRH", "PRL", "Gs protein" ] }, { "id": "2340", "type": "gene", "text": "IGF - I levels were measured in the CSF of 11 children with autism ( 4 females , 7 males ; mean age 3 . 8 years , SD 1 . 1 ) using a sensitive radioimmunoassay method and compared with levels in 11 control participants ( 6 females , 5 males ; mean age 3 . 8 years ) .", "entities": [ "IGF - I" ] }, { "id": "2342", "type": "gene", "text": "Three high - amylose rice varieties , IR42 , IR36 , and IR62 , with similar chemical composition including amylose content ( 26 . 7 - 27 . 0 % ) , were cooked under the same conditions and tested for in vitro digestibility as well as blood glucose and insulin responses in healthy human volunteers .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "2344", "type": "gene", "text": "Using beta 1 - AR - luciferase reporter recombinants , we have previously determined that important beta 1 - AR genetic elements controlling expression within the C6 glioma cell line are contained within the region - 396 to - 299 , relative to the translational start site .", "entities": [ "beta 1 - AR", "luciferase", "beta 1 - AR" ] }, { "id": "2346", "type": "gene", "text": "Our case , however , had no histologic evidence of malignancy , no serum alpha fetoprotein at 7 months of age , and no recurrence at 1 years .", "entities": [ "serum alpha fetoprotein" ] }, { "id": "2347", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of tobacco mRNA using the ACBF cDNA as probe showed that while ACBF mRNA was present in all tissues examined , the highest transcript accumulation occurred in stem tissues .", "entities": [ "ACBF cDNA", "ACBF mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2348", "type": "gene", "text": "Cotransfection experiments revealed that both hGATA - 4 and PMA / A23187 stimulation are necessary for the IL - 5 promoter activation .", "entities": [ "hGATA - 4", "IL - 5 promoter" ] }, { "id": "2349", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that expression of KRAB domain suppresses in vivo the activating function of various defined activating transcription factors , and we demonstrate that the KRAB domain specifically silences the activity of promoters whose initiation is dependent on the presence of a TATA box .", "entities": [ "KRAB domain", "activating transcription factors", "KRAB domain" ] }, { "id": "2353", "type": "gene", "text": "These results support an in vivo interaction between Nck and CKI - gamma2 and suggest that CKI - gamma2 could be involved in signaling pathways downstream of RTKs .", "entities": [ "Nck", "CKI - gamma2", "CKI - gamma2", "RTKs" ] }, { "id": "2356", "type": "gene", "text": "A minimal region which stimulates origin function mapped to 50 amino acids within the C - terminus of Abf1p .", "entities": [ "Abf1p" ] }, { "id": "2358", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment of JEA2 cells with interleukin ( IL ) - 7 induces CBLB phosphorylation as well .", "entities": [ "interleukin ( IL ) - 7", "CBLB" ] }, { "id": "2359", "type": "gene", "text": "Phosphorylation by Cdc28 activates the Cdc20 - dependent activity of the anaphase - promoting complex .", "entities": [ "Cdc28", "Cdc20" ] }, { "id": "2363", "type": "gene", "text": "Assays of APRE - luciferase reporter plasmids transfected into HepG2 cells show that a mutated APRE that binds only BPi functions as an IL - 1 alpha inducible enhancer , whereas a mutated APRE that binds only BPc does not .", "entities": [ "luciferase", "BPi", "IL - 1 alpha", "BPc" ] }, { "id": "2364", "type": "gene", "text": "RNA unwinding in U4 / U6 snRNPs requires ATP hydrolysis and the DEIH - box splicing factor Brr2 .", "entities": [ "U4", "U6", "Brr2" ] }, { "id": "2366", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis linked Plk expression to the proliferative activity of cells and tissues .", "entities": [ "Plk" ] }, { "id": "2367", "type": "gene", "text": "It also showed which amino acid residues would contact an extended TATA box with a B recognition element , and evolutionary conservation of the TBP - TFB - DNA complex orientation between two archaeal organisms with widely different optimal temperature for growth ( 37 and 100 degrees C ) .", "entities": [ "B recognition element", "TBP", "TFB" ] }, { "id": "2369", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of this gene with the available databases reveals very significant homology to the ETS factor PE - 1 and probable near - identity with the recently cloned factor ERF .", "entities": [ "PE - 1", "ERF" ] }, { "id": "2370", "type": "gene", "text": "Patients with Eales ' disease , chorioretinitis , central serous retinopathy , or malignant choroidal melanoma were tested for HLA antigen deviation .", "entities": [ "HLA" ] }, { "id": "2373", "type": "gene", "text": "Similarly , beta adrenoceptors blockade has been shown to be of value in achieving continence in a small group of patients .", "entities": [ "beta adrenoceptors" ] }, { "id": "2375", "type": "gene", "text": "These data also demonstrate that insulin and TPA activate MBP / MAP2 kinase activity by de novo phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine residues via a very similar pathway .", "entities": [ "insulin", "MBP", "MAP2" ] }, { "id": "2378", "type": "gene", "text": "Such tetranucleotides are common in promoter regions , particularly in activating transcription factor / cyclic AMP response element - binding protein ( ATF / CREB ) and E - box motifs , suggesting that PIF may modulate the transcription of many genes .", "entities": [ "activating transcription factor", "cyclic AMP response element - binding protein", "ATF", "CREB", "PIF" ] }, { "id": "2380", "type": "gene", "text": "The dominant inhibitory biological activity of the N terminus correlated with its ability to impair EGF - dependent activation of GTP - Ras and of MAP kinase , as well with the ability of endogenous Sos to form a stable complex with activated EGF receptors .", "entities": [ "EGF", "GTP - Ras", "MAP kinase", "Sos", "EGF receptors" ] }, { "id": "2382", "type": "gene", "text": "SM binds RNA in vitro , suggesting that sequence - or structure - specific mRNA interactions might mediate SM specificity .", "entities": [ "SM", "SM" ] }, { "id": "2383", "type": "gene", "text": "The characterization of fly receptors with features similar to mammalian glycoprotein hormone receptors allows a better understanding of the evolution of this unique group of GPCRs and future elucidation of their ligand signaling mechanisms .", "entities": [ "mammalian glycoprotein hormone receptors", "GPCRs" ] }, { "id": "2384", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that these sequences are essential for processing of U18 and snR38 snoRNAs and that they compensate for the lack of a canonical terminal stem .", "entities": [ "U18", "snR38 snoRNAs" ] }, { "id": "2388", "type": "gene", "text": "Ras involvement in signal transduction by the serotonin 5 - HT2B receptor .", "entities": [ "Ras", "serotonin 5 - HT2B receptor" ] }, { "id": "2389", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of exon 2 of the factor IX gene revealed a C - - > T mutation in codon 10 of the propeptide region , resulting in the substitution of alanine by valine .", "entities": [ "factor IX gene" ] }, { "id": "2392", "type": "gene", "text": "Three putative ORFs have significant homology with known proteins : L0968 is a new member of the very large ' seripauperins ' family , comprising at least 20 yeast members ; L1313 is a new ABC transporter highly homologous to the yeast cadmium resistance protein Ycf1p and to the human multidrug resistance protein hMRP1 ; the C - terminal part of L1325 present in our sequence is very homologous to the fruit fly abdominal segment formation protein Pumilio .", "entities": [ "L0968", "' seripauperins '", "L1313", "ABC transporter", "Ycf1p", "hMRP1", "L1325", "Pumilio" ] }, { "id": "2394", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunofluorescence obtained using antibodies against alphaI SigmaI / + + betaI SigmaI spectrin and Abl tyrosine kinase but not against alphaII / betaII spectrin colocalized with the overexpressed green fluorescent protein - SH3 - binding protein .", "entities": [ "alphaI SigmaI / + + betaI SigmaI spectrin", "Abl tyrosine kinase", "alphaII / betaII spectrin", "green fluorescent protein", "SH3 - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "2395", "type": "gene", "text": "Extracellular protein kinase A as a cancer biomarker : its expression by tumor cells and reversal by a myristate - lacking Calpha and RIIbeta subunit overexpression .", "entities": [ "Extracellular protein kinase A" ] }, { "id": "2397", "type": "gene", "text": "This B - box is not present in ETS1 , ETS2 , PEA3 or PU . 1 and these proteins were unable to form ternary complexes with SRF and Egrl - SREs or c - fos SRE .", "entities": [ "ETS1", "ETS2", "PEA3", "PU . 1", "SRF", "Egrl", "c - fos" ] }, { "id": "2398", "type": "gene", "text": "MADS - box genes in plants are a diverse class of transcription factors that are involved in regulating developmental processes , particularly meristem and organ identity during floral development .", "entities": [ "MADS - box genes" ] }, { "id": "2399", "type": "gene", "text": "Elevated systolic blood pressure and high postglucose serum insulin levels showed an independent , significant association with left ventricular mass in female diabetic subjects .", "entities": [ "serum insulin" ] }, { "id": "2402", "type": "gene", "text": "Viral protein U ( Vpu ) is a protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV - 1 ) that promotes the degradation of the virus receptor , CD4 , and enhances the release of virus particles from cells .", "entities": [ "Viral protein U", "Vpu", "CD4" ] }, { "id": "2408", "type": "gene", "text": "CSEn stimulated transcription of a variety of promoters , including the hCS , human growth hormone , thymidine kinase , and Rous sarcoma virus promoters , in human choriocarcinoma cell lines ( BeWo and JEG - 3 ) but not HeLa cells or rat somatolactotrophes ( GC ) .", "entities": [ "CSEn", "hCS", "human growth hormone", "thymidine kinase", "Rous sarcoma virus promoters" ] }, { "id": "2409", "type": "gene", "text": "Pretreatment of human skin with tRA inhibited UV induction of c - Jun protein and , consequently , AP - 1 .", "entities": [ "c - Jun protein", "AP - 1" ] }, { "id": "2410", "type": "gene", "text": "c - Jun protein inhibition occurred via a posttranscriptional mechanism , since tRA did not inhibit UV induction of c - Jun mRNA .", "entities": [ "c - Jun protein", "c - Jun mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2412", "type": "gene", "text": "Effect of age on glucose , reducing sugars and plasma insulin in blood of milk - fed calves .", "entities": [ "plasma insulin" ] }, { "id": "2414", "type": "gene", "text": "During seed maturation , the transcriptional activity of napin genes is regulated by developmental signals involving the transcriptional activator ABI3 and abscisic acid ( ABA ) .", "entities": [ "napin genes", "transcriptional activator ABI3" ] }, { "id": "2416", "type": "gene", "text": "This results in a decreased secretion of immunoglobulin A , and , consequently , a decreased resistance against infections .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin A" ] }, { "id": "2417", "type": "gene", "text": "The absolute CD4 count of patients with de novo IBD was 210 - 700 cells / ml at the time of IBD .", "entities": [ "CD4" ] }, { "id": "2419", "type": "gene", "text": "To study the mechanisms and the signaling pathways involved , IGF - 1R promoter reporter constructs were transiently transfected in CHO - AT1 cells that overexpress angiotensin AT1 receptors .", "entities": [ "IGF - 1R promoter reporter constructs", "angiotensin AT1 receptors" ] }, { "id": "2420", "type": "gene", "text": "With this study , a total of 13 operators for the glp regulon have been characterized .", "entities": [ "glp regulon" ] }, { "id": "2422", "type": "gene", "text": "Coexpression of a dominant negative c - jun antagonized the ras - dependent stimulation of the 92 - kDa gelatinase B promoter - driven CAT reporter .", "entities": [ "dominant negative c - jun", "ras", "92 - kDa gelatinase B", "CAT reporter" ] }, { "id": "2424", "type": "gene", "text": "However , LXRalpha inhibited binding of PPARalpha / RXRalpha heterodimers to PPREs , and coexpression of LXRalpha in mammalian cells antagonized peroxisome proliferator signaling mediated by PPARalpha / RXRalpha in vivo .", "entities": [ "LXRalpha", "PPARalpha", "RXRalpha", "LXRalpha", "PPARalpha", "RXRalpha" ] }, { "id": "2428", "type": "gene", "text": "CTDK1 and CTDK2 also differ in their protein substrate specificity .", "entities": [ "CTDK1", "CTDK2" ] }, { "id": "2429", "type": "gene", "text": "This communication presents two patients with clinically massive PE of recent onset ( confirmed by lung perfusion scans ) who were successfully treated with a single i . v . dose of 30 mg of anisoylated lys - plasminogen streptokinase activator complex ( APSAC , comparable to 1 , 500 , 000 U of streptokinase ) followed by systemic heparinization for 7 days .", "entities": [ "anisoylated lys - plasminogen streptokinase activator complex", "APSAC", "streptokinase" ] }, { "id": "2431", "type": "gene", "text": "Engineering temperature - sensitive SH3 domains .", "entities": [ "SH3 domains" ] }, { "id": "2432", "type": "gene", "text": "A mean value for HbA1 greater than 10 % was associated with an increased risk of progression of retinopathy and a mean value less than 8 . 7 % was associated with a diminished risk .", "entities": [ "HbA1" ] }, { "id": "2436", "type": "gene", "text": "NGF also induced a synthetic promoter with repeated Sp1 sites linked to a core promoter , and a plasmid regulated by a chimeric transactivator in which the Gal4 DNA binding domain is fused to the Sp1 transactivation domain , indicating that this transactivation domain is regulated by NGF .", "entities": [ "NGF", "Sp1 sites", "Gal4 DNA binding domain", "Sp1 transactivation domain", "NGF" ] }, { "id": "2442", "type": "gene", "text": "In cotransfection assays , a small fragment of Sin retaining the Src - SH3 - binding site and one tyrosine - containing motif induced c - Src activation as measured by a transcriptional reporter .", "entities": [ "Sin", "Src", "SH3", "c - Src" ] }, { "id": "2443", "type": "gene", "text": "The related tumor suppressor , p130 , also effects this function .", "entities": [ "p130" ] }, { "id": "2444", "type": "gene", "text": "p107 levels increase substantially as cells progress through S phase .", "entities": [ "p107" ] }, { "id": "2445", "type": "gene", "text": "p107 induction of E2F DNA binding was observed primarily in S phase cells coincident with the increase in p107 protein levels .", "entities": [ "p107", "E2F", "p107 protein" ] }, { "id": "2446", "type": "gene", "text": "Both flavoproteins are active as AhpC reductases and mediate electron transfer , resulting in the NADH - dependent reduction of hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide .", "entities": [ "AhpC reductases" ] }, { "id": "2447", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcriptional regulation of the murine k - fgf gene .", "entities": [ "murine k - fgf gene" ] }, { "id": "2448", "type": "gene", "text": "Further , cells cotransfected with a UF promoter - luciferase ( - 1935UF - Luc ) reporter gene and the BTEB expression vector had 2 - fold higher Luc activity than those cotransfected with reporter gene and pcDNA - 3 .", "entities": [ "UF promoter", "luciferase", "1935UF", "Luc", "BTEB", "Luc" ] }, { "id": "2451", "type": "gene", "text": "In agreement with this , archaea appear to lack eIF5 , eIF2B and the lysine - rich binding domain for these factors in their eIF2beta homolog .", "entities": [ "eIF5", "eIF2B", "eIF2beta homolog" ] }, { "id": "2452", "type": "gene", "text": "Derepression of RAR signaling by expressing a dominant - negative corepressor resulted in embryos that exhibited phenotypes similar to those treated by RA .", "entities": [ "RAR" ] }, { "id": "2454", "type": "gene", "text": "Lastly , several restriction length polymorphisms were identified and mapped within a 1 kb region located immediately upstream from the JH cluster .", "entities": [ "JH cluster" ] }, { "id": "2456", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter region of the human alpha 2A adrenergic receptor gene .", "entities": [ "human alpha 2A adrenergic receptor gene" ] }, { "id": "2460", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the in vivo function of Gle2p is strictly coupled to the short GLEBS within Nup116p which links this putative mRNA transport factor to the nuclear pores .", "entities": [ "Gle2p", "GLEBS", "Nup116p" ] }, { "id": "2461", "type": "gene", "text": "DNMT2 binds AdoHcy in the same conformation as confirmed m ( 5 ) C MTases and , while DNMT2 shares all sequence and structural features with m ( 5 ) C MTases , it has failed to demonstrate detectable transmethylase activity .", "entities": [ "DNMT2", "m ( 5 ) C MTases", "DNMT2", "m ( 5 ) C MTases" ] }, { "id": "2462", "type": "gene", "text": "The structure of the murine Dtk gene has been determined .", "entities": [ "murine Dtk gene" ] }, { "id": "2463", "type": "gene", "text": "In previous studies , we showed that the nuclear import of SREBP - 2 occurs via the direct interaction of importin beta with the HLH - Zip domain .", "entities": [ "SREBP - 2", "importin beta" ] }, { "id": "2464", "type": "gene", "text": "In the normal controls the plasma FPA level ( mean + / - SD ) was 1 . 43 + / - 0 . 46 ng / ml .", "entities": [ "plasma FPA" ] }, { "id": "2465", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study we cloned the cDNA of AD1 Ag from a rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 cDNA library .", "entities": [ "AD1 Ag" ] }, { "id": "2469", "type": "gene", "text": "Regulation of the p21 - activated kinase ( PAK ) by a human Gbeta - like WD - repeat protein , hPIP1 .", "entities": [ "p21 - activated kinase", "PAK", "human Gbeta - like", "hPIP1" ] }, { "id": "2471", "type": "gene", "text": "These studies suggest that tandem alpha - helices located near the C - terminus of PC - TP facilitate membrane binding and extraction of phosphatidylcholines .", "entities": [ "PC - TP" ] }, { "id": "2473", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , these \" activation - defective \" mutants segregated into two classes : 1 ) those that were unable to form dimers but that could still form higher order oligomers and transform cells , and 2 ) those that were defective for PDGF - R binding and were transformation - incompetent .", "entities": [ "PDGF - R" ] }, { "id": "2474", "type": "gene", "text": "APL patients showed a low , yet variable , level of JEM - 1 mRNA in bone marrow .", "entities": [ "JEM - 1 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2476", "type": "gene", "text": "We have shown previously that EGF receptor activation stimulates gastrin gene expression through a GC - rich element called gERE .", "entities": [ "EGF receptor", "gastrin" ] }, { "id": "2478", "type": "gene", "text": "The secondary end points included creatine kinase peak , ventricular fibrillation / tachycardia within the first 24 hours , death and congestive heart failure within the 30 - day follow - up , and 30 - day left ventricular ejection fraction .", "entities": [ "creatine kinase" ] }, { "id": "2481", "type": "gene", "text": "This demonstrates the presence of a PKC - dependent pathway which functions independently from Lck in MAP kinase activation .", "entities": [ "PKC", "Lck", "MAP kinase" ] }, { "id": "2483", "type": "gene", "text": "Cell lines expressing single amino acid substitutions of the carboxyl - terminal asparagine of CD2 are incapable of avidity regulation by TCR signaling , PMA treatment , or elevation of intracellular cAMP levels , demonstrating that each of these stimuli utilizes a common structural element for regulating CD2 avidity .", "entities": [ "CD2", "TCR", "CD2" ] }, { "id": "2486", "type": "gene", "text": "The atpA reading frame ends with four tandem UGA codons which overlap four tandem AUG codons initiating an unidentified reading frame , orf214 .", "entities": [ "atpA" ] }, { "id": "2487", "type": "gene", "text": "When transfected into HepG2 cells , which lack C / EBP alpha , the mouse ob promoter was only weakly active .", "entities": [ "C / EBP alpha", "mouse ob promoter" ] }, { "id": "2490", "type": "gene", "text": "A heterologous promoter construct containing three repeats of a consensus Sp1 site , cloned upstream of a single copy of the ZII ( CREB / AP1 ) element from the BZLF1 promoter linked to the beta - globin TATA box , exhibited phorbol ester inducibility .", "entities": [ "Sp1 site", "ZII", "CREB", "AP1", "BZLF1 promoter", "beta - globin" ] }, { "id": "2491", "type": "gene", "text": "Nicotinic receptor antagonists mecamylamine ( 0 . 5 and 1 mg / kg ) and hexamethonium ( 5 and 10 mg / kg ) reduced the response induced by nicotine ( 0 . 25 mg / kg ) .", "entities": [ "Nicotinic receptor" ] }, { "id": "2497", "type": "gene", "text": "We also show that psbH and psbT are transcribed from the upstream psbB gene promoter , and that the psbH mRNA has its own target sequence for Mbb1 function .", "entities": [ "psbH", "psbT", "psbB gene promoter", "psbH mRNA", "Mbb1" ] }, { "id": "2499", "type": "gene", "text": "O5257 shows homology with the SAS2 protein and another hypothetical protein from yeast .", "entities": [ "O5257", "SAS2 protein" ] }, { "id": "2504", "type": "gene", "text": "Messenger RNA for the Ad2 DNA binding protein : DNA sequences encoding the first leader and heterogenity at the mRNA 5 ' end .", "entities": [ "Ad2 DNA binding protein" ] }, { "id": "2505", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with this hypothesis , stimulation of A ( 2A ) - R or PKA enhanced nuclear aPKC activity .", "entities": [ "A ( 2A ) - R", "PKA", "nuclear aPKC" ] }, { "id": "2510", "type": "gene", "text": "Samples ( 1 g ) were extracted with 0 . 5 % potassium chloride ( KCl ) in 70 % methanol ( 5 ml ) and diluted subsequently to give two - fold to ten - fold step - wise dilutions in phosphate - buffered saline containing 0 . 05 % Tween 20 and 0 . 2 % bovine serum albumin ( PBS - T BSA ) .", "entities": [ "bovine serum albumin", "BSA" ] }, { "id": "2512", "type": "gene", "text": "Following immunization of transgenic mice , hybrid molecules were isolated from B cell DNA which contained the transgene recombined with the endogenous IgH locus .", "entities": [ "endogenous IgH locus" ] }, { "id": "2515", "type": "gene", "text": "Transforming growth factor beta activates the promoter of cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor p15INK4B through an Sp1 consensus site .", "entities": [ "Transforming growth factor beta", "cyclin - dependent kinase", "p15INK4B", "Sp1 consensus site" ] }, { "id": "2517", "type": "gene", "text": "The hyperpigmentation is linked to the presence of numerous single melanosomes and polymelanosomes in keratinocytes at all levels of the epidermis , and in dermal Factor XIIIa - positive dendrocytes .", "entities": [ "Factor XIIIa" ] }, { "id": "2518", "type": "gene", "text": "Possible or definite neglect or abuse before 36 months of age was correlated with low DBH activity .", "entities": [ "DBH" ] }, { "id": "2519", "type": "gene", "text": "Previously , we identified two human SMC family proteins , hCAP - C and hCAP - E , which form a heterodimeric complex ( hCAP - C - hCAP - E ) in the cell .", "entities": [ "human SMC family proteins", "hCAP - C", "hCAP - E", "hCAP - C", "hCAP - E" ] }, { "id": "2520", "type": "gene", "text": "The mouse alpha A - CRYBP1 gene specifies a 2 , 688 - amino acid protein with 72 % amino acid identity to its human homologue , PRDII - BF1 .", "entities": [ "mouse alpha A - CRYBP1 gene", "PRDII - BF1" ] }, { "id": "2521", "type": "gene", "text": "Methylation interference analysis established at single nucleotide resolution that purified recombinant Fos and Jun proteins bind in a sequence - specific manner to the AP - 1 sites within the VDRE and OC box .", "entities": [ "Fos", "Jun proteins", "AP - 1 sites", "OC box" ] }, { "id": "2522", "type": "gene", "text": "These include urinalysis , chest X - P , ECG , hematological examinations ( RBC , WBC , Ht , Hb , PLT and ESR ) and biochemical tests ( AST , ALT , ALP , gamma GTP , LDH , CPK , Chol , T - Bil , TP , Alb , TG , BUN , Cr , Glu , Na , K , Ca , P and CRP ) .", "entities": [ "Hb", "AST", "ALT", "ALP", "gamma GTP", "LDH", "CPK", "Alb", "CRP" ] }, { "id": "2523", "type": "gene", "text": "Both the inactive domain II P68 mutant and the deletion mutant lacking aa 91 - 243 were less inhibitory to growth in yeast due to the reduced ability to phosphorylate initiation factor 2 alpha in vivo .", "entities": [ "domain II P68 mutant", "initiation factor 2 alpha" ] }, { "id": "2526", "type": "gene", "text": "Mad3 and Mad4 : novel Max - interacting transcriptional repressors that suppress c - myc dependent transformation and are expressed during neural and epidermal differentiation .", "entities": [ "Mad3", "Mad4", "Max", "c - myc" ] }, { "id": "2528", "type": "gene", "text": "The pcaR regulatory locus has been found to be required for both induction of all of the genes within the pca regulon ( pcaBDC , pcaIJ , and pcaF ) and the chemotactic response of the bacteria to aromatic compounds .", "entities": [ "pcaR regulatory locus", "pca regulon", "pcaBDC", "pcaIJ", "pcaF" ] }, { "id": "2529", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , we have identified the major open reading frame ( RF4 ; 2 . 3 kb ) as being essential for activation , and we have shown that the NF kappa B , SP1 , and TATA box motifs in the human immunodeficiency virus LTR are all required for full induction of the promoter by the HHV - 6 - encoded transactivator .", "entities": [ "NF kappa B", "SP1", "human immunodeficiency virus LTR", "HHV - 6 - encoded transactivator" ] }, { "id": "2530", "type": "gene", "text": "However , mutations of the C - rich element that disrupted a GC box located on the inverse strand eliminated PMA responsiveness and , in gel mobility shift assays , eliminated binding of Sp1 .", "entities": [ "Sp1" ] }, { "id": "2531", "type": "gene", "text": "TFIIB and VDR can also interact directly , and these factors synergize to mediate transactivation .", "entities": [ "TFIIB", "VDR" ] }, { "id": "2537", "type": "gene", "text": "Transfer of F - like plasmids is regulated by the FinOP system , which controls the expression of traJ , a positive regulator of the transfer operon .", "entities": [ "FinOP", "traJ" ] }, { "id": "2538", "type": "gene", "text": "PKCI - 1 is a member of the HIT family of proteins , shown by sequence identity to be conserved in a broad range of organisms including mycoplasma , plants , and humans .", "entities": [ "PKCI - 1", "HIT family" ] }, { "id": "2541", "type": "gene", "text": "It was found that on the 14th and 21st day after cimetidine administration serum gastrin levels were significantly elevated .", "entities": [ "serum gastrin" ] }, { "id": "2542", "type": "gene", "text": "Dual signal peptides mediate the signal recognition particle / Sec - independent insertion of a thylakoid membrane polyprotein , PsbY .", "entities": [ "signal recognition particle", "Sec", "PsbY" ] }, { "id": "2546", "type": "gene", "text": "In our case the development of the tumor at the posterior side of the prostate , the lack of PSA immunoreactivity and the presence of mucinous glands , sometimes \" endocervical - like \" , could suggest an origin from embryonic mullerian remnants in the prostatic utricle rather than urogenital sinus .", "entities": [ "PSA" ] }, { "id": "2556", "type": "gene", "text": "Soluble extracts from FGF - treated as compared with quiescent fibroblasts exhibited up to 3 - fold higher kinase activity towards S6 in exogenously added rat liver 40S ribosomes and a synthetic peptide , RRLSSLRA .", "entities": [ "FGF", "S6", "rat liver 40S ribosomes" ] }, { "id": "2557", "type": "gene", "text": "In bell pepper , a gene encoding a major plastid - lipid associated protein is expressed as both partially and totally spliced transcripts ( respectively PAP2 and PAP1 ) .", "entities": [ "PAP2", "PAP1" ] }, { "id": "2560", "type": "gene", "text": "Candidate factors have been identified by the observation that changes in glucocorticoid induction parameters in CV - 1 cells could be reproduced by varying the cellular levels of coactivators [ transcriptional intermediary factor 2 ( TIF2 ) , steroid receptor coactivator 1 ( SRC - 1 ) , and amplified in breast cancer 1 ( AIB1 ) ] , comodulator [ CREB - binding protein ( CBP ) ] , or corepressor [ silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid - hormone receptors ( SMRT ) ] without concomitant increases in GR .", "entities": [ "transcriptional intermediary factor 2", "TIF2", "steroid receptor coactivator 1", "SRC - 1", "amplified in breast cancer 1", "AIB1", "CREB - binding protein", "CBP", "silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid - hormone receptors", "SMRT", "GR" ] }, { "id": "2561", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoblot analyses revealed that the loss of activator function coincides with selective removal of the C - terminal domain ( CTD ) - hyperphosphorylated RNAP IIO along with NC2 .", "entities": [ "C - terminal domain ( CTD ) - hyperphosphorylated RNAP IIO", "NC2" ] }, { "id": "2563", "type": "gene", "text": "At 9 months postpartum , serum fT4 and fT3 levels were low normal ( 8 . 0 and 1 . 7 pmol / L , respectively ) , but TSH was not raised ( 0 . 4 mU / L ) .", "entities": [ "TSH" ] }, { "id": "2566", "type": "gene", "text": "TFIIIB assembles autonomously on the upstream promoter of the yeast U6 snRNA ( SNR6 ) gene in vitro , through the interaction of its TBP subunit with a consensus TATA box located at base pair - 30 .", "entities": [ "TFIIIB", "yeast U6 snRNA", "SNR6", "TBP subunit" ] }, { "id": "2567", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutational analysis of the IME2 UAS reveals two critical sequence elements : a G + C - rich sequence ( called URS1 ) , previously identified at many meiotic genes , and a newly described element , the T4C site , that we found at a subset of meiotic genes .", "entities": [ "IME2 UAS" ] }, { "id": "2569", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results show that a combination of Pfu exo ( - ) at the primer extension step and Taq at the PCR amplification step is ideal for in vivo DNA analysis and DNA damage mapping using LMPCR .", "entities": [ "Pfu exo ( - )", "Taq" ] }, { "id": "2570", "type": "gene", "text": "Effect of TNF , IL - 1 , and IL - 6 on the proliferation of human Tenon ' s capsule fibroblasts in tissue culture .", "entities": [ "TNF", "IL - 1", "IL - 6" ] }, { "id": "2572", "type": "gene", "text": "Using lacZ - inducible T cells as a probe , we screened a splenic cDNA library in transiently transfected antigen - presenting cells ( APCs ) and isolated a cDNA clone that allowed expression of the appropriate peptide / Kb MHC complex in APC .", "entities": [ "lacZ", "peptide / Kb MHC complex" ] }, { "id": "2575", "type": "gene", "text": "A significant reduction in total cellular p27 protein levels and a moderate reduction in p27 mRNA are observed , but no changes in Cdk regulatory kinases and phosphatases occur .", "entities": [ "p27 protein", "p27 mRNA", "Cdk" ] }, { "id": "2576", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic linkage mapping of the CYP11A1 gene encoding the cholesterol side - chain cleavage P450scc close to the CYP1A1 gene and D15S204 in the chromosome 15q22 . 33 - q23 region .", "entities": [ "CYP11A1 gene", "P450scc", "CYP1A1 gene", "D15S204" ] }, { "id": "2577", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic and physiological experiments suggest a close relationship between cdc27 + and the cdc2 + gene , a key regulator of mitosis in yeast and also in higher eukaryotic cells .", "entities": [ "cdc27 +", "cdc2 + gene" ] }, { "id": "2579", "type": "gene", "text": "The cloned rRNA operon was transcribed in vitro by using purified RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "purified RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli" ] }, { "id": "2581", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequence of the gene upstream to the cap site contains characteristic RNA polymerase II promoter - binding sites : a putative TATA box at position - 29 and a Sp 1 binding site ( GGGGCGGAGA ) at position - 48 .", "entities": [ "RNA polymerase II promoter - binding sites", "Sp 1 binding site" ] }, { "id": "2583", "type": "gene", "text": "These clones contain most of the exon of cyclin D2 except exon 5 .", "entities": [ "cyclin D2" ] }, { "id": "2585", "type": "gene", "text": "This action could be antagonized by aminophylline , a competitive antagonist on P1 purinoceptors .", "entities": [ "P1 purinoceptors" ] }, { "id": "2586", "type": "gene", "text": "Evidence for Gcr1p / Gcr2p interaction has been presented earlier and is now supported by the isolation of mutations in Gcr1p suppressing gcr2 , as assessed by growth and enzyme assay .", "entities": [ "Gcr1p", "Gcr2p", "Gcr1p", "gcr2" ] }, { "id": "2588", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter constructs containing mutations in the PTRE sequence that selectively abolished the binding of either one or both complexes exerted opposite effects on the transcriptional activity of trypsin promoters in A . gambiae and Aedes aegypti cell lines .", "entities": [ "PTRE sequence", "trypsin promoters" ] }, { "id": "2589", "type": "gene", "text": "The Rep78 protein of adeno - associated virus ( AAV ) contains amino acid sequence motifs common to rolling - circle replication ( RCR ) initiator proteins .", "entities": [ "Rep78 protein", "rolling - circle replication ( RCR ) initiator proteins" ] }, { "id": "2590", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma prolactin in patients with colorectal cancer .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "2591", "type": "gene", "text": "Reality and clinical application of immunoglobulin preparations", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin" ] }, { "id": "2594", "type": "gene", "text": "Nuclear transcription assays confirmed that cys - 3 + was under sulfur - regulated transcriptional control and that cys - 3 + transcription was constitutive in sulfur controller ( scon ) - negative regulator mutants .", "entities": [ "cys - 3 +", "cys - 3 +", "sulfur controller", "scon" ] }, { "id": "2595", "type": "gene", "text": "The rifampicin resistance of uvsW - repressed replication suggests that it involves either tertiary initiation or some novel mode of initiation .", "entities": [ "uvsW" ] }, { "id": "2599", "type": "gene", "text": "Recently we have performed a detailed analysis of specific neuronal populations affected by the mutation which shed new light on the role of Krox - 20 in the segmentation and on the physiological consequences of its inactivation .", "entities": [ "Krox - 20" ] }, { "id": "2601", "type": "gene", "text": "The inhibition of monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) by tranylcypromine was studied in 6 healthy volunteers given increasing doses of 10 , 15 , 20 and 25 mg / day over a 4 - week period .", "entities": [ "monoamine oxidase", "MAO" ] }, { "id": "2602", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion mutagenesis of the promoter indicated that a positive regulatory element ( PRE ) was likely to exist downstream of the UL94 mRNA start site , while a negative regulatory element ( NRE ) was present upstream of the TATA box .", "entities": [ "UL94 mRNA start site" ] }, { "id": "2603", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of Helios was detected in the earliest hematopoietic sites of the embryo , in hematopoietic stem cells in the adult and was subsequently restricted to a subset of cells in the T cell lineage .", "entities": [ "Helios" ] }, { "id": "2606", "type": "gene", "text": "Using probes containing C / EBP - binding sites from the iNOS gene revealed further binding of different complexes , all of which were strongly inducible by cAMP and to a lower extent also by IL - 1beta .", "entities": [ "C / EBP - binding sites", "iNOS gene", "IL - 1beta" ] }, { "id": "2607", "type": "gene", "text": "The Pi signals are conveyed to PHO8 by binding of PHO4 protein , a positive regulatory factor , to a promoter region of PHO8 ( PHO8p ) under the influence of the PHO regulatory circuit .", "entities": [ "PHO8", "PHO4 protein", "PHO8", "PHO8p", "PHO" ] }, { "id": "2609", "type": "gene", "text": "It would seem that caution should be exercised in using HPL values as an index of placental function in anaemic women .", "entities": [ "HPL" ] }, { "id": "2612", "type": "gene", "text": "The adenovirus E1B 19 , 000 - molecular - weight ( 19K ) protein is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis and cooperates with E1A to transform primary rodent cells .", "entities": [ "adenovirus E1B 19 , 000 - molecular - weight ( 19K ) protein", "E1A" ] }, { "id": "2613", "type": "gene", "text": "Desensitization of the growth hormone - induced Janus kinase 2 ( Jak 2 ) / signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 ( Stat5 ) - signaling pathway requires protein synthesis and phospholipase C .", "entities": [ "growth hormone", "Janus kinase 2", "Jak 2", "signal transducer and activator of transcription 5", "Stat5", "phospholipase C" ] }, { "id": "2614", "type": "gene", "text": "In two separate studies , specimens of saliva from 57 individuals over the age of 65 years ( mean age , 76 . 7 years ) and 37 persons under the age of 40 years ( mean age , 28 . 8 years ) were examined for concentrations of IgA as functions of volume , total protein , and electrolyte conductivity ; some were also tested for IgG and IgM content .", "entities": [ "IgA", "IgG", "IgM" ] }, { "id": "2615", "type": "gene", "text": "E2A - HLF - mediated cell transformation requires both the trans - activation domains of E2A and the leucine zipper dimerization domain of HLF .", "entities": [ "E2A", "HLF", "E2A", "HLF" ] }, { "id": "2616", "type": "gene", "text": "Two adjacent , highly homologous endoglucanase genes , celD and celE from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 , which were separated by an AT - rich 223 - nucleotide intergenic region were characterized .", "entities": [ "homologous endoglucanase genes", "celD", "celE" ] }, { "id": "2618", "type": "gene", "text": "We screened an A . thaliana cDNA library , whose inserts are under the control of the galactose - inducible GAL10 promoter , for cDNAs which enabled YDH8 cells to grow at the restrictive temperature .", "entities": [ "GAL10 promoter" ] }, { "id": "2619", "type": "gene", "text": "We generated \" signature \" oligonucleotides from these CDR3s and probed PCR amplified V kappa products from the synovium and PBLs of the same patient , and from PBLs and spleen of individuals without rheumatic disease .", "entities": [ "CDR3s", "V kappa products" ] }, { "id": "2620", "type": "gene", "text": "One of the major transcripts encodes MEQ , a 339 - amino - acid bZIP protein which is homologous to the Jun / Fos family of transcription factors .", "entities": [ "MEQ", "bZIP protein", "Jun", "Fos" ] }, { "id": "2621", "type": "gene", "text": "It is concluded that the new class of competitive NMDA receptor antagonists , exemplified by CGP 37849 , is the most promising candidate for clinical trials in anxiety disorders .", "entities": [ "NMDA receptor" ] }, { "id": "2623", "type": "gene", "text": "Induction of interferon - alpha ( IFNalpha ) gene expression in virus - infected cells requires phosphorylation - induced activation of the transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7 .", "entities": [ "interferon - alpha", "IFNalpha", "IRF3", "IRF7" ] }, { "id": "2624", "type": "gene", "text": "METHODS : The prevalence of haemagglutination inhibiting ( HI ) antibodies to JE virus ( JEV ) , West Nile virus ( WNV ) and dengue - 2 virus ( DEN - 2 ) was detected by HI test and IgM antibody capture ELISA ( MAC ELISA ) was performed to determine recent infections with JE virus .", "entities": [ "haemagglutination inhibiting ( HI ) antibodies", "IgM antibody" ] }, { "id": "2625", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , since the integrated transforming DNA was not altered or lost expression of the RbcS2 : : aadA : : RbcS2 gene ( s ) appears to be repressed .", "entities": [ "RbcS2", "aadA", "RbcS2 gene ( s )" ] }, { "id": "2628", "type": "gene", "text": "Further , more recent communications suggest that liver disease led to a differential alteration of the cytochrome P - 450s with regard to protein content and activity .", "entities": [ "cytochrome P - 450s" ] }, { "id": "2631", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations in nifR1 ( ntrC ) and nifR4 ( rpoN , encoding sigma54 ) had no influence on xdh gene expression .", "entities": [ "nifR1", "ntrC", "nifR4", "rpoN", "sigma54", "xdh gene" ] }, { "id": "2632", "type": "gene", "text": "We therefore propose that PRR2 , and not PVR , is the true human homolog of MPH .", "entities": [ "PRR2", "PVR", "MPH" ] }, { "id": "2635", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , vRel lacks a strong C - terminal gene activation function , since a LexA fusion protein containing C - terminal vRel sequences alone only weakly activated transcription .", "entities": [ "vRel", "LexA fusion protein", "C - terminal vRel sequences" ] }, { "id": "2636", "type": "gene", "text": "The crystal structure of the yeast Phe - tRNAPhe ternary complex with Thermus aquaticus EF - Tu - GDPNP ( Phe - TC ) has previously been determined as one representative of this general yet highly discriminating complex formation .", "entities": [ "Phe - tRNAPhe ternary complex", "EF - Tu", "Phe - TC" ] }, { "id": "2639", "type": "gene", "text": "Quantitative measurement of antigamma globulin factors ( rheumatoid factors ) using laser - nephelometry in comparison with the latex agglutination test and the Waaler - Rose test", "entities": [ "antigamma globulin factors", "rheumatoid factors" ] }, { "id": "2642", "type": "gene", "text": "The determination of antithrombin III ( AT III ) and its clinical significance", "entities": [ "antithrombin III", "AT III" ] }, { "id": "2644", "type": "gene", "text": "Base substitutions within this NFIL - 6 site resulted in virtual elimination of LPS - induced IL - 1 beta gene transcription .", "entities": [ "NFIL - 6 site", "IL - 1 beta gene" ] }, { "id": "2649", "type": "gene", "text": "A Drosophila subobscura genomic fragment containing all the exons and the late and early promotors in the Sxl gene of D . melanogaster was isolated .", "entities": [ "Sxl gene of D . melanogaster" ] }, { "id": "2650", "type": "gene", "text": "Collectively , a unique mechanism involving NF - ATp appears to regulate the cell type - specific and activation - dependent expression of the SCM - 1 genes .", "entities": [ "NF - ATp", "SCM - 1 genes" ] }, { "id": "2651", "type": "gene", "text": "The sensitivity of central dopamine receptors was assessed with the growth hormone response to apomorphine application .", "entities": [ "central dopamine receptors", "growth hormone" ] }, { "id": "2652", "type": "gene", "text": "Oral basal body temperature ( BBT ) recordings of 46 women that conceived by donor insemination and who had midcycle monitoring of luteinising hormone ( LH ) were analysed to establish features associated with an optimal cycle .", "entities": [ "luteinising hormone", "LH" ] }, { "id": "2653", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results admit that a ribosome scanning mechanism of the MP gene expression from I ( 2 ) sgRNA operates concurrently .", "entities": [ "MP gene" ] }, { "id": "2656", "type": "gene", "text": "A DNA fragment that complements the uvs - 2 mutation was subcloned by monitoring its ability to transform the uvs - 2 mutant to MMS resistance .", "entities": [ "uvs - 2", "uvs - 2 mutant" ] }, { "id": "2657", "type": "gene", "text": "The human lbc oncogene product is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that specifically activates the Rho small GTP binding protein , thus resulting in biologically active , GTP - bound Rho , which in turn mediates actin cytoskeletal reorganization , gene transcription , and entry into the mitotic S phase .", "entities": [ "human lbc oncogene product", "guanine nucleotide exchange factor", "Rho small GTP binding protein", "Rho", "actin" ] }, { "id": "2658", "type": "gene", "text": "Insulin - stimulated autophosphorylation at specific sites in the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor ' s beta - subunit is correlated kinetically with activation of kinase - catalyzed phosphorylation of a model substrate ( reduced and carboxyamidomethylated lysozyme ; RCAM - lysozyme ) .", "entities": [ "Insulin", "tyrosine kinase domain", "lysozyme", "RCAM - lysozyme" ] }, { "id": "2661", "type": "gene", "text": "The results of these studies indicate that EHV - 1 gp13 is the structural homolog of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein C and further suggest that the epitope - containing N - terminal amino acid sequences of the herpesvirus gC - like glycoproteins have undergone more extensive evolutionary divergence than the C - terminal sequences .", "entities": [ "EHV - 1 gp13", "herpes simplex virus glycoprotein C", "herpesvirus gC - like glycoproteins" ] }, { "id": "2663", "type": "gene", "text": "By contrast , footprint II at position - 125 is common to both HeLa and GH3 cell extracts and overlies a 15 - base - pair sequence found in all members of the growth hormone gene family .", "entities": [ "growth hormone gene family" ] }, { "id": "2665", "type": "gene", "text": "The gene responsible for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 ( MEN1 ) , a heritable predisposition to endocrine tumours in man , has recently been identified .", "entities": [ "MEN1" ] }, { "id": "2667", "type": "gene", "text": "AST activity in PMNs was significantly low , approximately 2 % of that observed in HPLFs .", "entities": [ "AST" ] }, { "id": "2668", "type": "gene", "text": "Specifically , we engineered two chimeras in which the N - terminal lobe of the SH1 domain of c - Abl was swapped with that of v - Src .", "entities": [ "SH1 domain", "c - Abl", "v - Src" ] }, { "id": "2670", "type": "gene", "text": "The cDNA contains a reading frame for a 145 - amino - acid protein and it lacks the UGA codons , which have been found in the reading frame of the mouse MCS cDNA and have been presumed to encode the selenocysteine in the amino terminal of the deduced mouse amino acid sequence .", "entities": [ "mouse MCS cDNA" ] }, { "id": "2671", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that repetitive GAA sequences enhance splicing by binding a protein complex containing a sequence - specific RNA binding protein and a general splicing activator that , in turn , recruit additional SR proteins .", "entities": [ "SR proteins" ] }, { "id": "2675", "type": "gene", "text": "Highly conserved regions called src homology 2 and 3 ( SH2 and SH3 ) , comprising amino acid residues 88 to 250 , are believed to modulate the protein - tyrosine kinase activity present in the carboxy - terminal halves of the src proteins .", "entities": [ "src homology 2", "SH2", "SH3", "protein - tyrosine kinase", "src proteins" ] }, { "id": "2676", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , the NES mutant proteins appeared to have altered interactions with the splicing complex , binding more tightly to SC35 in co - immunoprecipitation assays .", "entities": [ "NES mutant proteins", "SC35" ] }, { "id": "2677", "type": "gene", "text": "We propose 2 separate PAI - 1 inductory pathways for PMA and IL - 1alpha in HepG2 , both involving protein tyrosine kinase activation ; the serum - induced signaling pathway may ( partially ) overlap with the PMA - activated protein kinase C / mitogen - activated protein kinase kinase pathway , leading to c - Jun homodimer binding to the PAI - 1 TRE .", "entities": [ "PAI - 1", "IL - 1alpha", "protein tyrosine kinase", "protein kinase C", "mitogen - activated protein kinase kinase", "c - Jun homodimer", "PAI - 1" ] }, { "id": "2678", "type": "gene", "text": "We show that sae1 - 1 and sae3 - 1 mutations each confer a distinct defect in meiotic recombination .", "entities": [ "sae1 - 1", "sae3 - 1 mutations" ] }, { "id": "2679", "type": "gene", "text": "sae1 - 1 produces recombinants but very slowly and ultimately to less than half the wild - type level ; sae3 - 1 makes persistent hyper - resected meiotic double - strand breaks and has a severe defect in formation of recombinants .", "entities": [ "sae1 - 1", "sae3 - 1" ] }, { "id": "2680", "type": "gene", "text": "G6620 is the 3 ' end of the MOL1 gene coding for a polypeptide similar to stress - inducible proteins from Fusarium ; G6630 is the NAT2 gene which encodes a methionine N - acetyltransferase ; G6635 is the RPL30B gene coding for the ribosomal protein L30 ; G6658 is RSR1 encoding a ras - related protein ; G6667 is CYS4 , the gene for cystathionine beta - synthase ; G6670 is identical to ORF2 located close to CYS4 ; G6673 is PEM1 / CHO2 encoding a phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase ; G7001 is the NSR1 gene coding for a nuclear signal recognition protein .", "entities": [ "G6620", "MOL1 gene", "G6630", "NAT2 gene", "methionine N - acetyltransferase", "G6635", "RPL30B gene", "ribosomal protein L30", "G6658", "RSR1", "ras - related protein", "G6667", "CYS4", "cystathionine beta - synthase", "G6670", "CYS4", "G6673", "PEM1", "CHO2", "phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase", "G7001", "NSR1 gene" ] }, { "id": "2681", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcriptional analysis of this gene cluster was performed by detecting the presence of mRNAs spanning adjacent genes as well as by using a promoterless lacZ reporter gene fused to each of the seven genes contained in the tol - oprL locus .", "entities": [ "lacZ reporter gene", "tol", "oprL" ] }, { "id": "2682", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum IgG and IgA level were decreased .", "entities": [ "IgG", "IgA" ] }, { "id": "2686", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore the effect of GAL11 on PGK transcription must be mediated at the PGK UAS , presumably as part of the activation complex .", "entities": [ "GAL11", "PGK", "PGK UAS" ] }, { "id": "2687", "type": "gene", "text": "Wingless / Wnt signaling directs cell - fate choices during embryonic development .", "entities": [ "Wingless", "Wnt" ] }, { "id": "2688", "type": "gene", "text": "RNase protection analysis reveals a 10 - fold increase in the expression of SCD2 mRNA during 3T3 - L1 preadipocyte differentiation .", "entities": [ "RNase", "SCD2 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2689", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine whether transcription of orfX and vfr are controlled by the same mechanisms that control transcription of the region of the divergent ORF ( dorf ) and of crp , we compared the vfr - orfX and crp - dorf intergenic regions .", "entities": [ "vfr", "crp", "vfr", "crp" ] }, { "id": "2690", "type": "gene", "text": "As a member of the uncoupling protein family , UCP2 is ubiquitously expressed in rodents and humans , implicating a major role in thermogenesis .", "entities": [ "uncoupling protein family", "UCP2" ] }, { "id": "2692", "type": "gene", "text": "Parental and vector - transfected MCF7 cells , which were sensitive to the growth - inhibitory effects of atRA , exhibited atRA - dependent retinoic acid receptor ( RAR ) transactivation and transrepression of 12 - O - tetradecanoylphorbol - 13 - acetate - induced AP - 1 activity .", "entities": [ "retinoic acid receptor", "RAR", "AP - 1" ] }, { "id": "2697", "type": "gene", "text": "99Tcm - labelled albumin colloid , albures ( radius 250 nm ) or nanocoll ( radius 25 nm ) , or both were used as test substances to study the kinetics of vascular clearance after RES stimulation .", "entities": [ "albumin" ] }, { "id": "2698", "type": "gene", "text": "Meq / c - Jun heterodimers bind to an AP1 - like sequence in the meq promoter region with an affinity much greater than that of Meq / Meq or c - Jun / c - Jun homodimers .", "entities": [ "Meq", "c - Jun", "AP1 - like sequence", "meq promoter region", "Meq", "Meq", "c - Jun", "c - Jun" ] }, { "id": "2699", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , the noncoordinate effects of FSK on PMA - stimulated MKK and MAPK activities indicates the presence of a additional distal cAMP - dependent inhibitory mechanisms .", "entities": [ "FSK", "MKK", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "2700", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings indicated that p35 is a trans - dominant factor that facilitates AcMNPV growth in a cell line - specific manner .", "entities": [ "p35" ] }, { "id": "2706", "type": "gene", "text": "To probe the inter - relationship between the virion - anchoring function and the oligomerization function , we constructed two serotype 3 ( T3 ) sigma 1 deletion mutants in SV40 expression vectors , one lacking the hydrophobic tail and the hinge , and the other lacking an adjacent region which constituted part of the coiled - coil .", "entities": [ "sigma 1" ] }, { "id": "2709", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , overexpression of the DREB2A cDNA induced weak expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions and caused growth retardation of the transgenic plants .", "entities": [ "DREB2A cDNA" ] }, { "id": "2714", "type": "gene", "text": "Site - directed mutagenesis shows that sites throughout the IRE alter negative control and IRE - BP binding reflecting the fact that the footprint of the IRE - BP is over the entire IRE .", "entities": [ "IRE", "IRE - BP", "IRE - BP", "IRE" ] }, { "id": "2715", "type": "gene", "text": "An alternative approach to random integration of large DNA fragments into plants is to utilize one of several site - specific recombination ( SSR ) systems , such as Cre / lox .", "entities": [ "Cre", "lox" ] }, { "id": "2717", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant mouse GSTT1 - 1 was catalytically active towards 1 , 2 - epoxy - 3 - ( p - nitrophenoxy ) propane , 4 - nitrobenzyl chloride and dichloromethane .", "entities": [ "Recombinant mouse GSTT1 - 1" ] }, { "id": "2719", "type": "gene", "text": "Nonlethal sec71 - 1 and sec72 - 1 mutations eliminate proteins associated with the Sec63p - BiP complex from S . cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "sec71 - 1", "sec72 - 1 mutations", "Sec63p", "BiP" ] }, { "id": "2720", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence and deletion analysis of the recombination enhancement gene ( ref ) of bacteriophage P1 : evidence for promoter - operator and attenuator - antiterminator control .", "entities": [ "recombination enhancement gene", "ref" ] }, { "id": "2721", "type": "gene", "text": "A high titer of anti - HBc , thus suggested to be an indicator of persistent hepatitis B virus infection , was found rarely in seronegative patients with chronic hepatitis , non - alcoholic cirrhosis , or alcoholic liver diseases .", "entities": [ "anti - HBc" ] }, { "id": "2723", "type": "gene", "text": "Eph receptors and their membrane - associated ephrin ligands regulate cell - cell interactions during development .", "entities": [ "Eph receptors", "ephrin ligands" ] }, { "id": "2724", "type": "gene", "text": "We discuss the possibility that DNA - protein interactions at homologous nucleotide sequences like those identified in PII are part of a regulatory gene cascade that participates in timing fla gene expression in the C . crescentus cell cycle .", "entities": [ "fla gene" ] }, { "id": "2727", "type": "gene", "text": "To increase the number of circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophils , the patient was treated with recombinant granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor ( GM - CSF ) at a dose of 2 micrograms protein / kg bodyweight s . c . / 12 h .", "entities": [ "granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor", "GM - CSF" ] }, { "id": "2728", "type": "gene", "text": "By using methanol - 0 . 15 M borate buffer of pH 8 . 0 , cate - chol - O - methyltransferase activity might be assayed .", "entities": [ "cate - chol - O - methyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "2730", "type": "gene", "text": "The amino acid residues and subdomains important for DNA binding , hormone binding , dimerization , and transactivation are mostly conserved among all VDR species .", "entities": [ "VDR" ] }, { "id": "2731", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcripts appear to be initiated from an upstream promoter , P1 , located in front of the tRNA ( met1 ) gene and from three internal promoters : P2 is located immediately in front of the tRNA ( met2 ) gene ; PL10 is near the beginning of the L1 - L10 intergenic space , and PL12 is at the end of the L10 gene sequence .", "entities": [ "tRNA ( met1 ) gene", "tRNA ( met2 ) gene", "L1", "L10", "L10 gene sequence" ] }, { "id": "2732", "type": "gene", "text": "Based on the deduced amino acid sequence identity we designated GAPC1 and GAPC2 as group I ( 97 % identical ) and GAPC3 and GAPC4 as group II ( 99 . 4 % identical ) .", "entities": [ "GAPC1", "GAPC2", "GAPC3", "GAPC4" ] }, { "id": "2736", "type": "gene", "text": "Saturated fatty acids induce a 1 . 6 - fold increase in transcription activity , whereas a large family of unsaturated fatty acids repress OLE1 transcription as much as 60 - fold .", "entities": [ "OLE1" ] }, { "id": "2737", "type": "gene", "text": "This polypeptide includes the first three zinc fingers of the TFIIIA DNA binding domain .", "entities": [ "TFIIIA DNA binding domain" ] }, { "id": "2738", "type": "gene", "text": "An exception is the Bcl - 6 gene , encoding a transcription factor , which was found to be mutated in normal human memory B cells .", "entities": [ "Bcl - 6 gene" ] }, { "id": "2741", "type": "gene", "text": "In both liver and pancreatic islet , glucokinase is subject to inhibition by a regulatory protein ( GCKR ) .", "entities": [ "glucokinase", "GCKR" ] }, { "id": "2743", "type": "gene", "text": "Similarly , TAM - 67 reverted the morphology of the AdoMetDC - antisense expressors .", "entities": [ "TAM - 67", "AdoMetDC - antisense expressors" ] }, { "id": "2746", "type": "gene", "text": "Cotransfection of expression plasmids encoding the protein kinase A inhibitor , or an inactive protein kinase A ( PKA ) catalytic beta subunit , inhibited both forskolin and PACAP activation of chromogranin A transcription , revealing that PACAP - induced trans - activation is highly dependent on PKA .", "entities": [ "protein kinase A", "protein kinase A", "PKA", "PACAP", "chromogranin A", "PACAP", "PKA" ] }, { "id": "2747", "type": "gene", "text": "GH induced rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of a protein at approximately 93 kDa in normal fibroblasts , and Western blotting with STAT - specific antibodies revealed STAT5 activation ( phosphorylation ) by GH .", "entities": [ "GH", "STAT - specific antibodies", "STAT5" ] }, { "id": "2749", "type": "gene", "text": "The cdc42W97R temperature - sensitive allele in S . cerevisiae displayed the same cell - division - cycle arrest phenotype ( large , round unbudded cells ) as the cdc42 - 1ts mutant .", "entities": [ "cdc42W97R temperature - sensitive allele", "cdc42 - 1ts mutant" ] }, { "id": "2750", "type": "gene", "text": "The cyanobacterial phycobilisome is a large protein complex located on the photosynthetic membrane .", "entities": [ "cyanobacterial phycobilisome" ] }, { "id": "2755", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , CBP / p300 stimulated both TGF - beta - and Smad - induced transcription in a Smad4 / DPC4 - dependent fashion .", "entities": [ "CBP", "p300", "TGF - beta", "Smad", "Smad4", "DPC4" ] }, { "id": "2756", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequences within and flanking hypersensitive sites 3 and 2 of the beta - globin locus control region required for synergistic versus additive interaction with the epsilon - globin gene promoter .", "entities": [ "beta - globin", "epsilon - globin gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "2757", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis revealed 100 % homology of all RA - derived PTEN fragments to those from normal SF as well as to the published GenBank sequence ( accession number U93051 ) .", "entities": [ "PTEN fragments", "U93051" ] }, { "id": "2761", "type": "gene", "text": "The most frequent abnormality was GH deficiency ( six cases ) , followed by gonadotropin ( four cases ) , cortisol ( four cases ) , and TSH ( one case ) , whereas four patients showed high serum PRL values .", "entities": [ "GH", "gonadotropin", "TSH", "serum PRL" ] }, { "id": "2762", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant vaccinia viruses that express the bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase ( VV - T3pol ) or the Escherichia coli lac repressor ( VV - lacI ) under control of the early - late vaccinia promoter P7 . 5 were constructed .", "entities": [ "bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase", "VV - T3pol", "Escherichia coli lac repressor", "VV - lacI", "early - late vaccinia promoter P7 . 5" ] }, { "id": "2763", "type": "gene", "text": "Internal controls over the volume of milk suckled do not appear until infant rats are about 2 weeks of age at which time gastric distension , milk , systemic dehydration , and intestinal hormone cholecystokinin suppress milk intake derived through suckling .", "entities": [ "intestinal hormone cholecystokinin" ] }, { "id": "2765", "type": "gene", "text": "Concerning the practical approach in a clinical setting , it has to be pointed out that with these diseases a hepatitis C infection has to be considered and testing for hepatitis C antibodies and , if positive , hepatitis C - RNA is indicated .", "entities": [ "hepatitis C antibodies", "hepatitis C - RNA" ] }, { "id": "2768", "type": "gene", "text": "In both cell types , insulin led to a dose - dependent increase in the association of tyrosine phosphorylated IRS - 1 with the SH2 domain of the p85 regulatory subunit of PI - 3 kinase , and also increased the amount of PI kinase activity detected in anti - IRS - 1 immunoprecipitates .", "entities": [ "insulin", "tyrosine phosphorylated IRS - 1", "SH2 domain", "p85 regulatory subunit", "PI - 3 kinase", "PI kinase", "anti - IRS - 1" ] }, { "id": "2770", "type": "gene", "text": "The Xenopus annexin II heavy chain lacks the highly conserved tyrosine at position 23 which is the site of src oncogene tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in the murine protein .", "entities": [ "Xenopus annexin II heavy chain", "tyrosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "2771", "type": "gene", "text": "No bafilomycin - sensitive ATPase is detected in a vacuolar fraction .", "entities": [ "ATPase" ] }, { "id": "2772", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasmids bearing the P . stipitis URA3 gene and ARS2 element produced more than 30 , 000 transformants per micrograms of plasmid DNA .", "entities": [ "P . stipitis URA3 gene" ] }, { "id": "2775", "type": "gene", "text": "Cloning , sequence analysis , and expression of the gene encoding formaldehyde dismutase from Pseudomonas putida F61 .", "entities": [ "gene encoding formaldehyde dismutase from Pseudomonas putida F61" ] }, { "id": "2776", "type": "gene", "text": "However , at the time of salvage treatment , the mean serum PSA levels were 9 . 1 and 1 . 1 ng / mL for the salvage RP and salvage RT groups , respectively ( P = 0 . 0001 ) .", "entities": [ "serum PSA" ] }, { "id": "2777", "type": "gene", "text": "Protease digestion and alkaline extraction of microsomes containing labeled mutant proteins further showed that segment 3 was sufficient for stable membrane anchoring of the glycoproteins , indicating that this segment may specify the transmembrane domain of the gB glycoprotein .", "entities": [ "gB glycoprotein" ] }, { "id": "2779", "type": "gene", "text": "A gene ( FMR - 1 ) was identified within a four cosmid contig of YAC DNA that expresses a 4 . 8 kb message in human brain .", "entities": [ "FMR - 1" ] }, { "id": "2780", "type": "gene", "text": "Detailed comparison of the sequences of cp35 and human calpactin II shows that the only substantial sequence dissimilarity is a domain encoding amino acids between residues 20 and 40 which includes a tyrosine phosphorylation site in the human molecule , along with other residues of possible physiological significance .", "entities": [ "cp35", "human calpactin II" ] }, { "id": "2782", "type": "gene", "text": "The implication of Rac and Cdc42 was analyzed in transient transfection experiments using either constitutively active ( V12 ) or dominant - interfering ( N17 ) mutants .", "entities": [ "Rac", "Cdc42" ] }, { "id": "2783", "type": "gene", "text": "Alternative immune globulin preparation when standard immune serum globulin is not available .", "entities": [ "immune globulin", "immune serum globulin" ] }, { "id": "2784", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma insulin responses to glucose in femoral , hepatic , and pancreatic veins in dogs .", "entities": [ "Plasma insulin" ] }, { "id": "2786", "type": "gene", "text": "Elevated potassium stimulation of GAL mRNA was completely blocked , but pituitary adenylyl cyclase - activating polypeptide and histamine stimulations were only partially blocked , by cycloheximide .", "entities": [ "GAL mRNA", "adenylyl cyclase - activating polypeptide" ] }, { "id": "2787", "type": "gene", "text": "In lyzozyme activity there was periodicity in three groups but not in the youngest foals .", "entities": [ "lyzozyme" ] }, { "id": "2788", "type": "gene", "text": "GBF1 and GBF2 mRNA is present in light and dark grown leaves as well as in roots .", "entities": [ "GBF1", "GBF2 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2792", "type": "gene", "text": "A transient induction of both c - fos and c - jun mRNAs by TPA was observed in both cell populations , together with an associated suppression of BSP mRNA in the fetal rat calvarial cells .", "entities": [ "c - fos", "c - jun mRNAs", "BSP mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2794", "type": "gene", "text": "The isomerization of the pre - existing closed complex to an open promoter form , as judged by the local denaturation of promoter DNA which rendered sequences from + 5 to - 10 reactive towards KMnO4 , was shown to be fully dependent on NifA .", "entities": [ "NifA" ] }, { "id": "2797", "type": "gene", "text": "This enhancer element functioned in a position - and orientation - independent manner both on the Pax - QNR P0 promoter and the heterologous thymidine kinase promoter .", "entities": [ "Pax - QNR P0 promoter", "heterologous thymidine kinase promoter" ] }, { "id": "2798", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that overexpression of MT potentiates the growth of MCF7 cells , whereas downregulation of MT elicits antiproliferative effects .", "entities": [ "MT", "MT" ] }, { "id": "2802", "type": "gene", "text": "Such unique recognition capabilities are generated with minimal alterations in the CDR3 loops of the TCR .", "entities": [ "CDR3", "TCR" ] }, { "id": "2804", "type": "gene", "text": "Gene 1 of the murine coronavirus , MHV - A59 , encodes approximately 800 kDa of protein products within two overlapping open reading frames ( ORFs 1a and 1b ) .", "entities": [ "Gene 1 of the murine coronavirus , MHV - A59" ] }, { "id": "2805", "type": "gene", "text": "For this interaction , the C - terminal part of Sp1 and the N terminus of E2F1 , a domain also present in E2F2 and E2F3 but absent in E2F4 and E2F5 , were essential .", "entities": [ "Sp1", "E2F1", "E2F2", "E2F3", "E2F4", "E2F5" ] }, { "id": "2806", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest a biological role for Elf - 1 in the regulation of IgH gene expression , attribute a functional role for receptor - induced AP - 1 proteins in B lymphocytes and provide evidence for a direct link between IgM receptor - mediated signalling and 3 ' enhancer activation .", "entities": [ "Elf - 1", "IgH gene", "AP - 1 proteins", "IgM receptor" ] }, { "id": "2807", "type": "gene", "text": "Oncogenic activation of RET is detected in human papillary thyroid tumours and in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes .", "entities": [ "RET" ] }, { "id": "2808", "type": "gene", "text": "CD4 degradation mediated by Vpu does not require the ER chaperone calnexin and is dependent on an intact ubiquitin - conjugating system .", "entities": [ "CD4", "Vpu", "calnexin", "ubiquitin" ] }, { "id": "2809", "type": "gene", "text": "The maternal par genes and the segregation of cell fate specification activities in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos .", "entities": [ "maternal par genes" ] }, { "id": "2812", "type": "gene", "text": "Detailed analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence revealed sequence elements which are conserved in many DNA and RNA polymerases .", "entities": [ "DNA and RNA polymerases" ] }, { "id": "2814", "type": "gene", "text": "The CydDC system appears to be the first prokaryotic example of a heterodimeric ABC transport system in which each polypeptide contains both hydrophobic and ATP - binding domains .", "entities": [ "CydDC system", "heterodimeric ABC transport system" ] }, { "id": "2815", "type": "gene", "text": "The single - copy U20 sequence is located on the same DNA strand as the nucleolin mRNA .", "entities": [ "U20 sequence", "nucleolin mRNA" ] }, { "id": "2816", "type": "gene", "text": "Gel shift and southwestern experiments revealed nuclear proteins of 43 kDa and 30 kDa in GC and fish cells , respectively , that bind specifically to the tGH CRE , suggesting the involvement of CRE - binding - protein / activating - transcription - factor - l - related peptides in cAMP response .", "entities": [ "tGH", "CRE - binding - protein", "activating - transcription - factor - l" ] }, { "id": "2817", "type": "gene", "text": "The coding sequence of rat MEK kinase 1 ( MEKK1 ) has been determined from multiple , independent cDNA clones .", "entities": [ "rat MEK kinase 1", "MEKK1" ] }, { "id": "2820", "type": "gene", "text": "On the basis of experiments with mutant virus and transfection with isolated genes , the herpes simplex virus immediate - early gene product ICP4 is known to positively regulate the transcription of viral early and late genes and negatively regulate expression from its own promoter .", "entities": [ "herpes simplex virus immediate - early gene", "ICP4", "viral early and late genes" ] }, { "id": "2823", "type": "gene", "text": "The POU - specific domain of Pit - 1 is essential for sequence - specific , high affinity DNA binding and DNA - dependent Pit - 1 - Pit - 1 interactions .", "entities": [ "POU", "Pit - 1", "Pit - 1", "Pit - 1" ] }, { "id": "2826", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest an essential role of the binding of HNF - 4 and / or HNF - 4 - related nuclear factors to the 6 beta A - A site on the basal transcriptional activation of the CYP3A2 gene in liver cells .", "entities": [ "HNF - 4", "HNF - 4 - related nuclear factors", "CYP3A2 gene" ] }, { "id": "2828", "type": "gene", "text": "Restriction mapping showed that the two recombinant plasmids shared an EcoRI fragment of 8 . 9 kb .", "entities": [ "EcoRI fragment" ] }, { "id": "2833", "type": "gene", "text": "Profilins IIa and IIb are also present in humans , suggesting that all mammals have three profilin isoforms .", "entities": [ "Profilins IIa and IIb", "profilin isoforms" ] }, { "id": "2834", "type": "gene", "text": "Using the yeast two - hybrid system , we have isolated an 835 amino acid RING finger ( C3HC4 zinc finger ) protein , TIF1 beta ( also named KAP - 1 ) , that specifically interacts with the KRAB domain of the human zinc finger factor KOX1 / ZNF10 .", "entities": [ "TIF1 beta", "KAP - 1", "KRAB domain", "KOX1", "ZNF10" ] }, { "id": "2837", "type": "gene", "text": "Unestablished quail myoblasts were infected with a retroviral vector encoding the oncogenic form of H - Ras in order to investigate the mechanism by which this oncoprotein interferes with terminal differentiation .", "entities": [ "H - Ras" ] }, { "id": "2839", "type": "gene", "text": "The reduced expression caused by multimerization of UAS2 in the native promoter was observed only in the presence of ADR1 .", "entities": [ "ADR1" ] }, { "id": "2840", "type": "gene", "text": "VP4 differentially regulates TRAF2 signaling , disengaging JNK activation while directing NF - kappa B to effect rotavirus - specific cellular responses .", "entities": [ "VP4", "TRAF2", "JNK", "NF - kappa B" ] }, { "id": "2842", "type": "gene", "text": "The purified RAG1 protein overexpressed in E . coli exhibited the expected cleavage activity when combined with RAG2 purified from transfected 293T cells .", "entities": [ "RAG1 protein", "RAG2" ] }, { "id": "2845", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , we show that GATA - 1 and Sp1 synergize from a distance in constructs designed to mimic the architecture of globin locus control regions and downstream globin promoters .", "entities": [ "GATA - 1", "Sp1", "globin locus control regions", "globin promoters" ] }, { "id": "2847", "type": "gene", "text": "Mammalian chromosome ends contain long arrays of TTAGGG repeats that are complexed to a telomere specific protein , the TTAGGG repeat binding factor , TRF1 .", "entities": [ "TTAGGG repeat binding factor", "TRF1" ] }, { "id": "2853", "type": "gene", "text": "Adhesion was inhibited by mAbs against the COOH - terminus and central cell binding domains of fibronectin , as well as by the corresponding CS1 and RGD peptides .", "entities": [ "fibronectin", "CS1", "RGD peptides" ] }, { "id": "2856", "type": "gene", "text": "Activation of the mitogen - activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) pathway enhances long - range transactivation by the beta - globin locus control region ( LCR ) ( W .", "entities": [ "mitogen - activated protein kinase", "MAPK", "beta - globin locus control region" ] }, { "id": "2857", "type": "gene", "text": "In situ hybridization of whole - mount mouse embryos with Mex5 antisense RNA provide no evidence for the exclusion of Mex5 during embryonic development .", "entities": [ "Mex5 antisense RNA", "Mex5" ] }, { "id": "2862", "type": "gene", "text": "The Ick protein tyrosine kinase is not involved in antibody - mediated CD4 ( CDR3 - loop ) signal transduction that inhibits HIV - 1 transcription .", "entities": [ "protein tyrosine kinase", "CD4", "CDR3 - loop" ] }, { "id": "2864", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion analysis of the 7 . 3 - kb GATA - 2 promoter region revealed that a 1 . 1 - kb DNA sequence is critical for expression of GATA - 2 in neurons .", "entities": [ "7 . 3 - kb GATA - 2 promoter region", "GATA - 2" ] }, { "id": "2865", "type": "gene", "text": "The model therefore predicts that 1 ) on - line calculation of airway dead space and end - expired lung volume can be made by the addition of an oxygen sine - wave perturbation component to the mean FIO2 ; and ( 2 ) QS / QT can be measured from the resultant oxygen perturbation sine - wave amplitudes in the expired gas and in arterial and mixed - venous blood and is independent of the mean blood oxygen partial pressure and oxyhemoglobin saturation values .", "entities": [ "oxyhemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "2866", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with this , rh5 expression in R8 disappears when R7 cells are absent ( in sevenless mutant ) .", "entities": [ "rh5", "R8", "sevenless mutant" ] }, { "id": "2867", "type": "gene", "text": "The fusion gene cassette was placed under the control of a vaccinia virus early promoter and cloned in a host - restricted fowlpox viral vector .", "entities": [ "vaccinia virus early promoter" ] }, { "id": "2869", "type": "gene", "text": "Fulminant hepatic failure in these cases could be characterized by : ( 1 ) rapid decrease in serum alanine transaminase ( ALT ) level after discontinuation of ecarazine , ( 2 ) prolonged jaundice despite discontinuation of ecarazine , ( 3 ) high incidence of anti - nuclear antibody ( ANA ) ( 57 % ) , and ( 4 ) histological findings of extensive hepatocellular necrosis ranging from bridging necrosis to massive necrosis .", "entities": [ "serum alanine transaminase", "ALT", "anti - nuclear antibody", "ANA" ] }, { "id": "2870", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that the secreted , truncated receptor encoded by the 2 . 6 - kb c - erbB transcript can bind to TGF alpha and may play an important growth - regulatory function in vitro .", "entities": [ "2 . 6 - kb c - erbB transcript", "TGF alpha" ] }, { "id": "2872", "type": "gene", "text": "A close homologue of the APK2a gene , named APK2b , was also isolated from the Arabidopsis cDNA library .", "entities": [ "APK2a gene", "APK2b" ] }, { "id": "2873", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the rates of a - factor receptor endocytosis and consequent vacuolar turnover depend on the available level of ubiquitin in the cell .", "entities": [ "a - factor receptor", "ubiquitin" ] }, { "id": "2874", "type": "gene", "text": "Using the same approach we have shown that hFIRE binds the stimulatory proteins Sp1 and Sp3 in addition to CBF .", "entities": [ "hFIRE", "Sp1", "Sp3", "CBF" ] }, { "id": "2878", "type": "gene", "text": "The cyclin - dependent kinase Cdk2 associates with cyclins A , D , and E and has been implicated in the control of the G1 to S phase transition in mammals .", "entities": [ "Cdk2", "cyclins A , D , and E" ] }, { "id": "2880", "type": "gene", "text": "The amino - terminal gag - encoded region of P140gag - fps contains a phosphotyrosine residue in addition to normal gag phosphorylation sites .", "entities": [ "amino - terminal gag - encoded region", "P140gag", "fps", "gag" ] }, { "id": "2881", "type": "gene", "text": "Rad18 is required for DNA repair and checkpoint responses in fission yeast .", "entities": [ "Rad18" ] }, { "id": "2886", "type": "gene", "text": "This substrate was cleaved efficiently in trans by protease 3C derived from another recombinant vaccinia virus expressing a 3C precursor protein .", "entities": [ "protease 3C", "3C precursor protein" ] }, { "id": "2887", "type": "gene", "text": "The activity of gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase in the serum of problem drinkers .", "entities": [ "gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase" ] }, { "id": "2893", "type": "gene", "text": "In particular , lacZ transcripts synthesised this way are highly unstable and yield little beta - galactosidase .", "entities": [ "lacZ transcripts", "beta - galactosidase" ] }, { "id": "2894", "type": "gene", "text": "Six cDNAs represent human homologs of genes known in other species , namely , mouse HSPE71 , Rat RhoGAP protein , S cerevisiae leucyl tRNA synthetase and S cerevisiae chromosome II ORF YBLO44W .", "entities": [ "mouse HSPE71", "Rat RhoGAP protein", "S cerevisiae leucyl tRNA synthetase", "S cerevisiae chromosome II ORF YBLO44W" ] }, { "id": "2896", "type": "gene", "text": "All three SSV - transformed cells secreted v - sis gene product ( p44 ) .", "entities": [ "v - sis gene product", "p44" ] }, { "id": "2897", "type": "gene", "text": "p44 was secreted but remained tightly associated with the cell surface .", "entities": [ "p44" ] }, { "id": "2899", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine the role of elevated FAK expression in facilitating epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) - stimulated human adenocarcinoma ( A549 ) cell motility , antisense oligonucleotides were used to reduce FAK protein expression > 75 % .", "entities": [ "FAK", "epidermal growth factor", "EGF", "FAK protein" ] }, { "id": "2901", "type": "gene", "text": "The BRSV L gene is 6573 nt in length and the derived polypeptide has 2162 aa .", "entities": [ "BRSV L gene" ] }, { "id": "2902", "type": "gene", "text": "To further study the role of tTG in liver disease , we initiated investigations into the effect of a proinflammatory mediator , tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) - alpha , on tTG activity in cultured liver cells .", "entities": [ "tTG", "tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) - alpha", "tTG" ] }, { "id": "2904", "type": "gene", "text": "By contrast , CIS failed to affect the IL - 9 response .", "entities": [ "CIS", "IL - 9" ] }, { "id": "2908", "type": "gene", "text": "We have analyzed the function of these putative SL structures in RNA translation by constructing chimeric chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) RNAs , flanked either by both 5 ' - and 3 ' - terminal sequence domains from the RV genome or several deletion derivatives of the same sequences .", "entities": [ "( CAT ) RNAs" ] }, { "id": "2910", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite the fact that biochemical estimates of bone turnover indicate that ( short - term ) administration of rhGH and IGF - I stimulates bone metabolism in non - osteoporotic older people , no significant changes have been observed in bone mineral density at the proximal femur .", "entities": [ "rhGH", "IGF - I" ] }, { "id": "2913", "type": "gene", "text": "Blood pressure was controlled long term ( with / without diuretics / beta - adrenoreceptor blocking drugs ) in sixteen out of nineteen patients with mild - moderate hypertension .", "entities": [ "beta - adrenoreceptor" ] }, { "id": "2914", "type": "gene", "text": "However , FosB - L and FosB - S do not differ in all trans - regulatory properties : Trans - activation of a 5x TRE - CAT reporter construct in HeLa and NIH - 3T3 cells was found with both FosB forms .", "entities": [ "FosB - L", "FosB - S", "TRE - CAT", "FosB" ] }, { "id": "2915", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations in glnB , nifR1 ( ntrC ) , and NifR4 ( ntrA encoding sigma 54 ) had no influence on put gene expression .", "entities": [ "glnB", "nifR1", "ntrC", "NifR4", "ntrA", "sigma 54", "put gene" ] }, { "id": "2916", "type": "gene", "text": "Disruption of INP53 , but not the related INP51 and INP52 genes , resulted in alpha - factor maturation defects and exacerbated alpha - factor maturation defects when combined with chc1 - 521 .", "entities": [ "INP53", "INP51", "INP52 genes", "alpha - factor", "alpha - factor", "chc1 - 521" ] }, { "id": "2920", "type": "gene", "text": "By subtractive and differential screening , we have cloned 12 of these sequences , 2 of which were c - fos and krox - 24 .", "entities": [ "c - fos", "krox - 24" ] }, { "id": "2922", "type": "gene", "text": "Cotransfection of a junB stimulated the basal activity of the alpha 2 ( I ) collagen promoter 93 - fold , respectively .", "entities": [ "junB", "alpha 2 ( I ) collagen promoter" ] }, { "id": "2923", "type": "gene", "text": "Glutathione reductase ( GR ) was purified from the cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 .", "entities": [ "Glutathione reductase", "GR" ] }, { "id": "2927", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , rubella IgM antibody was never detected after immunization in women who were HAI - negative and LA - positive during pregnancy .", "entities": [ "rubella IgM antibody" ] }, { "id": "2929", "type": "gene", "text": "5 ' - Deletion of the Stat - binding sites abolished all promoter - reporter activity in response to PRL .", "entities": [ "Stat - binding sites", "PRL" ] }, { "id": "2931", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma beta - thromboglobulin ( beta - TG ) , a platelet - specific protein , is a marker of intravascular platelet degranulation .", "entities": [ "Plasma beta - thromboglobulin", "beta - TG" ] }, { "id": "2936", "type": "gene", "text": "The RTI40 gene spans 35 kilobase pairs ; it contains 6 exons and at least 6 rat Identifier repetitive elements .", "entities": [ "RTI40 gene" ] }, { "id": "2937", "type": "gene", "text": "The DNA element through which EBNA - 3C activates the LMP - 1 promoter includes a Spi - 1 / Spi - B binding site , previously characterized as an important EBNA - 2 response element .", "entities": [ "EBNA - 3C", "LMP - 1 promoter", "Spi - 1", "Spi - B", "EBNA - 2 response element" ] }, { "id": "2938", "type": "gene", "text": "DP - 1 and DP - 2 encode maternally stored transcripts that are expressed during early development .", "entities": [ "DP - 1", "DP - 2" ] }, { "id": "2939", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , deletion of two potential Ste11 recognition sites in the fus1 promoter region abolished transcription , and expression could be restored when we inserted a different Ste11 site from the mat1 - P promoter .", "entities": [ "Ste11 recognition sites", "fus1 promoter", "Ste11 site", "mat1 - P promoter" ] }, { "id": "2940", "type": "gene", "text": "However , an analogous myristoylated peptide derived from c - Yes also has no inhibitory activity .", "entities": [ "c - Yes" ] }, { "id": "2942", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , we demonstrate that animals carrying a snf mutation that converts SNF from a bifunctional protein to a U1 snRNP - specific protein are viable .", "entities": [ "snf", "SNF", "U1 snRNP - specific protein" ] }, { "id": "2944", "type": "gene", "text": "This pathway has been reported to mediate heterodimer interactions with the proapoptotic regulator , Bad .", "entities": [ "Bad" ] }, { "id": "2950", "type": "gene", "text": "Recently , we reported that SMRT also directly associates with LAZ3 ( BCL - 6 ) , a POZ / Zn finger transcriptional repressor involvedin the pathogenesis of non - Hodgkin lymphomas .", "entities": [ "SMRT", "LAZ3", "BCL - 6" ] }, { "id": "2951", "type": "gene", "text": "Using reporter gene constructs driven by the CD4 promoter , we report that HHV - 6 can efficiently transactivate such genetic elements .", "entities": [ "CD4 promoter" ] }, { "id": "2952", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of a cDNA encoding CNN predicts a novel structural protein with three leucine zipper motifs and several coiled - coil domains exhibiting limited homology to the rod portion of myosin .", "entities": [ "cDNA encoding CNN", "myosin" ] }, { "id": "2953", "type": "gene", "text": "A preformed SREBP - 1a : [ 32P ] DNA complex bound specifically to membrane - immobilized GST - CBP fusion proteins that contained amino - terminal portions of CBP .", "entities": [ "SREBP - 1a : [ 32P ] DNA complex", "GST", "CBP", "CBP" ] }, { "id": "2955", "type": "gene", "text": "Previous work established that the TAL1 proteins are phosphorylated exclusively on serine and identified Ser122 as a substrate for the mitogen - activated protein kinase ERK - 1 .", "entities": [ "TAL1 proteins", "ERK - 1" ] }, { "id": "2958", "type": "gene", "text": "When cotransfected with the HIV LTR CAT into CV - 1 cells , both the pCD41 and pGD41 clones trans - activated the HIV LTR .", "entities": [ "CAT", "pCD41", "pGD41", "HIV LTR" ] }, { "id": "2959", "type": "gene", "text": "The induction of the composite H - PK / Tag and SV - PK / Tag transgenes by a carbohydrate - rich diet in the liver was similar to that of the endogenous L - PK gene .", "entities": [ "H - PK", "Tag", "SV - PK", "Tag", "endogenous L - PK gene" ] }, { "id": "2961", "type": "gene", "text": "Exit from mitosis in Drosophila syncytial embryos requires proteolysis and cyclin degradation , and is associated with localized dephosphorylation .", "entities": [ "cyclin" ] }, { "id": "2963", "type": "gene", "text": "To understand this dramatic effect , we examined the localization of SR proteins and found that SC35 was shifted to the cytoplasm in sky1Delta yeast , although this phenomenon was not obvious with ASF / SF2 , indicating that nuclear import of SR proteins may be differentially regulated by phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "SR proteins", "SC35", "sky1Delta", "ASF", "SF2", "SR proteins" ] }, { "id": "2965", "type": "gene", "text": "On the contrary i . v . administration of calcitonin increased intrapyloric pressure via vagal nerves in atropinized or gallaminized animals .", "entities": [ "calcitonin" ] }, { "id": "2966", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that in the presence of fatty acids in the medium transcription of SPS19 is directly regulated by both Pip2p - Oaf1p and Adr1p .", "entities": [ "SPS19", "Pip2p", "Oaf1p", "Adr1p" ] }, { "id": "2968", "type": "gene", "text": "We found that in premature infants plasminogen levels are low ; thus , defense against intra - alveolar fibrin deposition during birth trauma is reduced .", "entities": [ "plasminogen", "fibrin" ] }, { "id": "2970", "type": "gene", "text": "Studies on the reaction of cytochrome c with corticosteroids .", "entities": [ "cytochrome c" ] }, { "id": "2971", "type": "gene", "text": "However , both RAR - and RXR - specific ligands increase CaSki number by > or = 20 % .", "entities": [ "RAR", "RXR" ] }, { "id": "2973", "type": "gene", "text": "The primary structures of the human KB cell ( FR - KB1 ) folate receptor ( FR ) and of a human placental ( FR - P2 ) FR , proteins important in cellular accumulation of folates , have been deduced from cDNA sequences .", "entities": [ "human KB cell ( FR - KB1 ) folate receptor", "FR", "human placental ( FR - P2 ) FR" ] }, { "id": "2974", "type": "gene", "text": "The general concept of RARE - cleavage mapping as well as its applications and limitations are discussed .", "entities": [ "RARE" ] }, { "id": "2975", "type": "gene", "text": "To further investigate the role of PKR in transcriptional signaling , we expressed the wild type human PKR and a catalytically inactive dominant negative PKR mutant in the murine pre - B lymphoma 70Z / 3 cells .", "entities": [ "PKR", "wild type human PKR", "PKR mutant" ] }, { "id": "2976", "type": "gene", "text": "Selective upper abdominal sympathectomy increased basal acid output in rats but was without effect on stimulated acid output , serum gastrin concentration , and gastric mucosal histidine decarboxylase activity .", "entities": [ "serum gastrin", "gastric mucosal histidine decarboxylase" ] }, { "id": "2979", "type": "gene", "text": "In - 111 - BLMC uptake was directly proportional to Ki - 67 / MIB - 1 activity and number of mitoses in tumor tissue .", "entities": [ "Ki - 67", "MIB - 1" ] }, { "id": "2981", "type": "gene", "text": "Binding of transformed Ah receptor complex to a dioxin responsive transcriptional enhancer : evidence for two distinct heteromeric DNA - binding forms .", "entities": [ "Ah receptor complex" ] }, { "id": "2982", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , VDR was able to bind to VDREs with high affinity and to fully activate transcription in intact yeast cells in the presence of the retinoid X receptor ( RXR ) .", "entities": [ "VDR", "retinoid X receptor", "RXR" ] }, { "id": "2984", "type": "gene", "text": "A fine - structure radiation hybrid map for the region that extends from D8S520 ( distal ) to D8S1759 ( proximal ) was prepared , followed by construction of a single , integrated YAC / BAC contig for the interval .", "entities": [ "D8S520", "D8S1759" ] }, { "id": "2985", "type": "gene", "text": "The protein contains a SHAQKYF amino acid signature motif in the second myb - like repeat , which is highly conserved in a number of recently identified plant myb - related genes , thus defining a new class of plant DNA - binding proteins .", "entities": [ "myb - like repeat", "plant myb - related genes" ] }, { "id": "2987", "type": "gene", "text": "It has been shown that renin secretion is stimulated by endothelin , a recently discovered peptide with strong vasoconstrictive properties and stimulating effects on renin secretion .", "entities": [ "renin", "endothelin", "renin" ] }, { "id": "2988", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we describe the cloning and initial characterization of IPP , a novel human gene that predicts a kelch family protein homologous to the mouse Ipp gene , a previously described kelch family member .", "entities": [ "IPP", "kelch family protein", "mouse Ipp gene", "kelch family member" ] }, { "id": "2989", "type": "gene", "text": "The encoded 260 - amino - acid ( aa ) ( H1 - I ) and 240 - aa ( H1 - II ) polypeptides possess the typical tripartite organization of animal H1 histones , with variable N - and C - terminal domains flanking a conserved ' globular ' DNA - binding domain .", "entities": [ "260 - amino - acid ( aa ) ( H1 - I )", "240 - aa ( H1 - II ) polypeptides", "animal H1 histones" ] }, { "id": "2990", "type": "gene", "text": "Instead , the large difference in ssDNA - binding affinities reflects the loss of hexamerization ability by uvsY , suggesting that a form of intrahexamer synergism or cooperativity between binding sites within the uvsY hexamer leads to its high observed affinity for ssDNA .", "entities": [ "uvsY", "uvsY hexamer" ] }, { "id": "2991", "type": "gene", "text": "No significant difference was seen found between the two groups in the degree of postoperative deterioration in cardiopulmonary function or in interleukin - 6 levels .", "entities": [ "interleukin - 6" ] }, { "id": "2992", "type": "gene", "text": "The PK domain showed pairwise in vitro binding interactions with the pseudokinase , HisRS , and C - term domains ; additionally , the HisRS domain interacted with the C - term region .", "entities": [ "HisRS", "HisRS domain" ] }, { "id": "2994", "type": "gene", "text": "The AmyI specific 3 ' - UTR is characterized by the absence of IR sequences and the presence of a putative ' AATAAA ' polyadenylation signal .", "entities": [ "AmyI" ] }, { "id": "2995", "type": "gene", "text": "To initiate our analysis of factors required for eIF - 2 alpha expression , selected a CAP - proximal element shown by in vivo methylation protection analysis to bind a potential regulatory factor .", "entities": [ "eIF - 2 alpha" ] }, { "id": "2996", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , addition of the recombinant NF - YA subunit restores NF - Y binding .", "entities": [ "recombinant NF - YA subunit", "NF - Y" ] }, { "id": "2999", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest that Sp1 binding site can function as a distinct TGF - beta responsive element for TGF - beta mediated promoter expression and Sp1 per se can mediate this response .", "entities": [ "Sp1 binding site", "TGF - beta responsive element", "TGF - beta", "Sp1" ] }, { "id": "3000", "type": "gene", "text": "Effect of bromocriptine and metoclopramide on serum prolactin levels in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .", "entities": [ "serum prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3005", "type": "gene", "text": "Prolongation of prothrombin time was not due to depletion of vitamin K - dependent coagulation factors or manifest fibrinolysis , but due to the presence of circulating fibrinogen fibrinmonomer - FDP complexes .", "entities": [ "prothrombin", "fibrinogen fibrinmonomer" ] }, { "id": "3008", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutation of K14 in H3 , which serves as the major target of recombinant Gcn5p acetylation in vitro , confers a strong , synthetic growth defect in gcn5 cells .", "entities": [ "H3", "recombinant Gcn5p", "gcn5" ] }, { "id": "3010", "type": "gene", "text": "All patients whose PSA levels reached 0 . 1 ng . / ml .", "entities": [ "PSA" ] }, { "id": "3011", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , we found that the transactivation mediated by the p68c - ets - 1 pr p55erg through the Polyomavirus enhancer sequence is specifically inhibited by the p46kDaPax - QNR in transient transfection assay .", "entities": [ "p55erg", "Polyomavirus enhancer sequence", "p46kDaPax - QNR" ] }, { "id": "3012", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment with ACE inhibitors after acute myocardial infarction", "entities": [ "ACE" ] }, { "id": "3013", "type": "gene", "text": "Conversely , as a GAL - 4 chimera , the isolated LAZ3 / BCL6 BTB / POZ domain appears nearly as efficient as the entire protein at inducing transcriptional repression .", "entities": [ "GAL - 4 chimera", "LAZ3", "BTB" ] }, { "id": "3014", "type": "gene", "text": "A new myocyte - specific enhancer - binding factor that recognizes a conserved element associated with multiple muscle - specific genes .", "entities": [ "myocyte - specific enhancer - binding factor" ] }, { "id": "3015", "type": "gene", "text": "Diclofenac sodium : blood concentration of the slow - release form and influence on the metabolism of kallikrein .", "entities": [ "kallikrein" ] }, { "id": "3016", "type": "gene", "text": "The LS gene promoter sequence has homology with Escherichia coli promoter sequences ; its terminator sequence is capable of forming a stem - and - loop structure .", "entities": [ "LS gene promoter sequence" ] }, { "id": "3018", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of either Sp1 or phosphorylated CREB transactivated the mCgA promoter dose dependently , while coexpression of both transcription factors resulted in an additive mCgA promoter response .", "entities": [ "Sp1", "phosphorylated CREB", "mCgA promoter", "mCgA promoter" ] }, { "id": "3019", "type": "gene", "text": "mCgA - 92 to - 64 bp , comprising the Sp1 / Egr - 1 site and the CRE motif , conferred gastrin responsiveness to a heterologous thymidine kinase promoter system , and therefore functions as a \" true \" enhancer element .", "entities": [ "mCgA", "Sp1", "Egr - 1", "gastrin", "heterologous thymidine kinase promoter" ] }, { "id": "3020", "type": "gene", "text": "Together with the up - regulation of the cAMP response element modulator protein ( CREM ) mRNA and protein levels demonstrated previously in CREB mutant mice , we suggest that the up - regulation of CREB beta may also contribute to compensation within the CREB / ATF family of transcription factors , when CREB delta and CREB alpha are absent .", "entities": [ "cAMP response element modulator protein", "CREM", "CREB mutant", "CREB beta", "CREB", "ATF", "CREB delta", "CREB alpha" ] }, { "id": "3023", "type": "gene", "text": "Individual and combined effects of fumonisin B1 present in Fusarium moniliforme culture material and diacetoxyscirpenol or ochratoxin A in turkey poults .", "entities": [ "fumonisin B1" ] }, { "id": "3024", "type": "gene", "text": "It is hypothesized this occurs through antagonism of PML / RAR alpha actions in these leukemic cells .", "entities": [ "PML", "RAR alpha" ] }, { "id": "3025", "type": "gene", "text": "13 : 961 - 969 , 1993 ) suggested that T antigen could mediate transcriptional activation through interaction with the TATA - binding protein , as well as upstream bound transcription factors .", "entities": [ "T antigen", "TATA - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3026", "type": "gene", "text": "The Grb2 SH3 ( C ) binding region of Gab1 has significant homology to a region of the adapter protein SLP - 76 .", "entities": [ "SH3 ( C ) binding region", "Gab1", "adapter protein SLP - 76" ] }, { "id": "3027", "type": "gene", "text": "A phase II study of interferon - alpha , interleukin - 2 and 5 - fluorouracil in advanced renal carcinoma : clinical data and laboratory evidence of protease activation .", "entities": [ "interferon - alpha", "interleukin - 2" ] }, { "id": "3028", "type": "gene", "text": "Activation of the cytotactin promoter by the homeobox - containing gene Evx - 1 .", "entities": [ "cytotactin promoter", "homeobox - containing gene Evx - 1" ] }, { "id": "3031", "type": "gene", "text": "Rat p8 mRNA was discovered because of its strong activation in pancreas during the acute phase of pancreatitis .", "entities": [ "Rat p8 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3033", "type": "gene", "text": "The practice of measuring of AChE levels in acute poisoning is limited .", "entities": [ "AChE" ] }, { "id": "3036", "type": "gene", "text": "When furA alone was introduced into the Delta ( furA - katG ) mutant , survival in mouse lungs was moderately increased , suggesting that FurA could regulate genes , other than katG , that are involved in pathogenesis .", "entities": [ "furA", "furA", "katG", "FurA", "katG" ] }, { "id": "3038", "type": "gene", "text": "Subclones of R15 which reverted to kappa light chain production contained genomic deletions of R15ns and / or the surrounding intron .", "entities": [ "kappa light chain" ] }, { "id": "3040", "type": "gene", "text": "The delayed activation of the prostaglandin G / H synthase - 2 promoter in bovine granulosa cells is associated with down - regulation of truncated upstream stimulatory factor - 2 .", "entities": [ "prostaglandin G / H synthase - 2", "upstream stimulatory factor - 2" ] }, { "id": "3041", "type": "gene", "text": "The authors recommend in cases with an elevated transaminase serum activity more frequent check - up examinations to avoid missing of a relapse , and to examine repeatedly IgM anti - HAV as in protracted forms of hepatitis IgM anti - HAV may persist even when the transaminase activity is normal .", "entities": [ "anti - HAV", "anti - HAV" ] }, { "id": "3043", "type": "gene", "text": "The strategy uses RNA ligase to add DNA oligonucleotide priming sites to the RNA for subsequent reverse transcription and PCR ( RNA ligase , reverse transcription - PCR , or RL / RT / PCR ) .", "entities": [ "RNA ligase", "RNA ligase" ] }, { "id": "3044", "type": "gene", "text": "We analyzed the effects of light on tubulin mRNA abundance in Arabidopsis seedlings using RNA gel blot hybridizations and gene - specific probes .", "entities": [ "tubulin mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3045", "type": "gene", "text": "More important , ligand - activated insulin and IGF - I receptors phosphorylate SHC proteins in vitro , indicating that SHC proteins could be direct substrates for insulin and IGF - I receptors .", "entities": [ "insulin", "IGF - I receptors", "SHC proteins", "SHC proteins", "insulin", "IGF - I receptors" ] }, { "id": "3046", "type": "gene", "text": "This chimera transduced IL - 4 - specific signals in response to IL - 2 binding and dramatically enhanced type 2 responses ( IL - 4 , IL - 5 , and immunoglobulin E production ) upon in vitro TCR stimulation or in vivo antigen challenge .", "entities": [ "IL - 4", "IL - 2", "IL - 4", "IL - 5", "immunoglobulin E", "TCR" ] }, { "id": "3048", "type": "gene", "text": "Two human beta - 1 , 6 - N - acetylglucosaminyltransferases forming the core 2 O - glycan branch , C2GnT and the I antigen , IGnT , are homologous to each other in three regions of the catalytic domain ( A , B , C ) and their genes reside at the same locus , chromosome 9 , band q21 ( Bierhuizen , M . F . A . , Mattei , M . - G . and Fukuda , M . , Genes Dev . , 7 , 468 - 478 , 1993 ) .", "entities": [ "human beta - 1 , 6 - N - acetylglucosaminyltransferases", "I antigen", "IGnT" ] }, { "id": "3049", "type": "gene", "text": "Significantly higher levels of vitamin C and catalase activity were found in vegetarians ( C - 63 . 6 and 86 . 5 mumol / l ; CAT - 1497 and 1313 U / ml for males and females , respectively ) when compared to nonvegetarians ( C - 41 . 3 and 54 . 4 mumol / l ; CAT - 1192 and 1086 U / ml ) .", "entities": [ "catalase" ] }, { "id": "3051", "type": "gene", "text": "Developmental regulation of expression of the malate synthase gene in transgenic plants .", "entities": [ "malate synthase gene" ] }, { "id": "3052", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , no change in the level of either p53 or activation of mdm2 protein by p53 was observed in hamster UV61 cells after UV exposure .", "entities": [ "p53", "mdm2 protein", "p53" ] }, { "id": "3054", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcriptional activation of the proopiomelanocortin gene by cyclic AMP - responsive element binding protein .", "entities": [ "proopiomelanocortin gene", "cyclic AMP - responsive element binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3055", "type": "gene", "text": "The NF1 family members and HNF4 interacted with overlapping sequences of the L - II element , wherein the 5 ' half - site was more critical for NF1 binding , and the 3 ' site was more important for HNF4 binding .", "entities": [ "NF1 family", "HNF4", "NF1", "HNF4" ] }, { "id": "3056", "type": "gene", "text": "RAP has been shown to be a useful vaccine target site , and RIP and inhibitory AIPs as therapeutic molecules to prevent and suppress S . aureus infections .", "entities": [ "RAP", "RIP", "AIPs" ] }, { "id": "3057", "type": "gene", "text": "After institution of insulin treatment , diabetic control was improved as demonstrated by decreasing levels of HbA1 .", "entities": [ "insulin", "HbA1" ] }, { "id": "3058", "type": "gene", "text": "The mouse lactoferrin gene promoter was active in human endometrium carcinoma RL 95 - 2 cells and in rat glioma C6 cells .", "entities": [ "lactoferrin" ] }, { "id": "3064", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of 1 Mb of published sequence from the region of conserved synteny on human chromosome 5q31 - q33 identified 45 gene candidates , including 35 expressed genes in the human IL - 4 cytokine gene cluster .", "entities": [ "human IL - 4 cytokine gene" ] }, { "id": "3065", "type": "gene", "text": "There is no indication from these experiments that linker histones bind fundamentally differently to 5 S and bulk nucleosomes .", "entities": [ "linker histones", "5 S" ] }, { "id": "3066", "type": "gene", "text": "Km values of the uncoupled enzymes IIGlc for glucose ranged from 0 . 5 to 2 . 5 mM , 2 orders of magnitude higher than the value of normal IIGlc .", "entities": [ "IIGlc", "IIGlc" ] }, { "id": "3067", "type": "gene", "text": "Cytochrome bd biosynthesis in Escherichia coli : the sequences of the cydC and cydD genes suggest that they encode the components of an ABC membrane transporter .", "entities": [ "Cytochrome bd", "cydC", "cydD genes", "ABC membrane transporter" ] }, { "id": "3068", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , inhibition of MAPK activity by MAPK kinase inhibitor ( PD 98059 ) or by overexpression of kinase - deficient MAPKs activated basal and GnRH - A - stimulated GnRHR - Luc activity .", "entities": [ "MAPK", "MAPK kinase", "MAPKs", "GnRH - A", "GnRHR", "Luc" ] }, { "id": "3070", "type": "gene", "text": "Historically , Cyps were first identified by their ability to bind the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A ( CsA ) with high affinity ; they later were found to have peptidyl - prolyl cis - trans isomerase ( PPIase ) activity , which catalyzes the folding of oligopeptides at proline - peptide bonds in vitro and may be important for protein folding in vivo .", "entities": [ "Cyps", "peptidyl - prolyl cis - trans isomerase", "PPIase" ] }, { "id": "3071", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , oxyR mutants are locked on for Ag43 expression , whereas dam mutants are locked off for Ag43 expression .", "entities": [ "oxyR mutants", "Ag43", "dam mutants", "Ag43" ] }, { "id": "3072", "type": "gene", "text": "A rare tRNA - Arg ( CCU ) that regulates Ty1 element ribosomal frameshifting is essential for Ty1 retrotransposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "tRNA - Arg ( CCU )", "Ty1 element", "Ty1" ] }, { "id": "3073", "type": "gene", "text": "Several 35 - mm slides of dystrophin - , laminin - , and concanavalin A ( ConA ) - stained muscle sections were used to calculate myofiber cross - sectional areas and to compare different techniques and settings of an image capture system .", "entities": [ "dystrophin", "laminin", "concanavalin A", "ConA" ] }, { "id": "3074", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , both inhibitors blocked phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis and protein kinase C translocation .", "entities": [ "protein kinase C" ] }, { "id": "3075", "type": "gene", "text": "New , selective catechol - O - methyltransferase inhibitors as therapeutic agents in Parkinson ' s disease .", "entities": [ "catechol - O - methyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "3077", "type": "gene", "text": "Laser soldering with exogenous fibrinogen is feasible without topical administration of additional clotting agents , significantly improves the bursting strength of primary laser welded anastomoses , and appears to result from urokinase - resistant fibrinogen cross - linking .", "entities": [ "fibrinogen", "urokinase", "fibrinogen" ] }, { "id": "3081", "type": "gene", "text": "We describe a novel stat - related factor , p93 , that is found in EGF - treated A431 cell extracts but appears to be absent in bovine fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , IFN - gamma , tumor necrosis factor - alpha ( TNF - alpha ) , and untreated cells .", "entities": [ "stat - related factor", "p93", "EGF", "bovine fibroblast growth factor", "bFGF", "IFN - gamma", "tumor necrosis factor - alpha", "TNF - alpha" ] }, { "id": "3082", "type": "gene", "text": "p93 appears to be antigenically related to stat91 .", "entities": [ "p93", "stat91" ] }, { "id": "3083", "type": "gene", "text": "p185c - neu + , EGFr + ( M1 ) , and p185c - neu - kinase inactive , EGFr + ( NEN757 ) expressing cells undergo different mitotic responses to EGF .", "entities": [ "p185c", "neu", "EGFr +", "M1", "p185c", "neu", "EGFr +", "NEN757", "EGF" ] }, { "id": "3084", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , Fc epsilon R1 cross - linking activates PI 3 - kinase .", "entities": [ "Fc epsilon R1", "PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "3085", "type": "gene", "text": "When single - point mutation was introduced to each GC box , EBS , and GT box in PFP9a20 , at least 3 - fold less CAT activity was observed in CTLL - R8 cells .", "entities": [ "EBS", "PFP9a20", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "3086", "type": "gene", "text": "Ribosome association of GCN2 protein kinase , a translational activator of the GCN4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "GCN2 protein kinase", "GCN4 gene" ] }, { "id": "3087", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment with H7 did not affect IL - 4R - mediated immediate signaling events such as tyrosine phosphorylation of Jak1 , Jak3 , insulin receptor substrate ( IRS ) - 1 and IRS - 2 , or tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA binding of Stat6 .", "entities": [ "IL - 4R", "Jak1", "Jak3", "insulin receptor substrate ( IRS ) - 1", "IRS - 2", "Stat6" ] }, { "id": "3088", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , STK1 is most likely the human homologue of MO15 .", "entities": [ "STK1", "human homologue of MO15" ] }, { "id": "3089", "type": "gene", "text": "BACKGROUND : Recent iterative methods for sequence alignment have indicated that the 380 kDa motor unit of dynein belongs to the AAA class of chaperone - like ATPases .", "entities": [ "dynein", "AAA class", "chaperone - like ATPases" ] }, { "id": "3090", "type": "gene", "text": "When the VBP - 1 protein was solely expressed , it located to the cytoplasm and did not localize to the nucleus .", "entities": [ "VBP - 1 protein" ] }, { "id": "3093", "type": "gene", "text": "Transfection assays using the first 600 bp of the upstream nucleotide sequences indicated that a region from - 75 to - 120 was necessary for the ALDH2 gene expression , and especially NF - Y / CP1 binding site from - 92 to - 96 ( CCAAT box ) is important in the expression of the gene .", "entities": [ "ALDH2 gene", "NF - Y", "CP1" ] }, { "id": "3094", "type": "gene", "text": "This distinct biochemical difference between STAT5A and STAT5B was confirmed with purified activated STAT5 recombinant proteins .", "entities": [ "STAT5A", "STAT5B", "STAT5 recombinant proteins" ] }, { "id": "3096", "type": "gene", "text": "Blood coagulation Factor X and its activated form Factor Xa play an essential role in the midphase of the clotting cascade .", "entities": [ "Blood coagulation Factor X", "Factor Xa" ] }, { "id": "3097", "type": "gene", "text": "The exon sequences determined from genomic DNA sequencing showed some differences when compared to the published rat GLUT2 cDNA .", "entities": [ "rat GLUT2 cDNA" ] }, { "id": "3098", "type": "gene", "text": "Intramolecular interaction is believed to result in the formation of MxA monomers , whereas intermolecular interaction may induce the formation of large MxA oligomers .", "entities": [ "MxA monomers", "large MxA oligomers" ] }, { "id": "3099", "type": "gene", "text": "The psbA gene encodes the D1 protein of photosystem II , which is synthesized at very high rates in the light in order to replace photodamaged protein .", "entities": [ "psbA gene", "D1 protein", "photosystem II" ] }, { "id": "3100", "type": "gene", "text": "The three more slower migrating Stat5B bands observed in response to GH contain phosphorylated tyrosyl residues .", "entities": [ "Stat5B", "GH" ] }, { "id": "3102", "type": "gene", "text": "Specifically , we demonstrate that this 25 - base pair region mediates the up - regulatory effect of TGF - beta on COL1A2 promoter activity and allows antagonistic activity of TNF - alpha on the TGF - beta effect .", "entities": [ "TGF - beta", "COL1A2 promoter", "TNF - alpha", "TGF - beta" ] }, { "id": "3103", "type": "gene", "text": "Sin4 and Srb10 , components of specific RNA polymerase II sub - complexes that are required for Ssn6 - Tup1 repression activity , are found to be required for Sfl1 repression function .", "entities": [ "Sin4", "Srb10", "RNA polymerase II sub - complexes", "Ssn6", "Tup1", "Sfl1" ] }, { "id": "3104", "type": "gene", "text": "Translation of mok is tightly regulated by Sok RNA , and Sok RNA thus regulates hok translation indirectly through mok .", "entities": [ "mok", "Sok RNA", "Sok RNA", "hok", "mok" ] }, { "id": "3107", "type": "gene", "text": "These Tlr family members , unlike others reported to date , were identified within a genomic database .", "entities": [ "Tlr family members" ] }, { "id": "3109", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , transcriptional fusions were constructed between the xcpP and xcpR genes and the lacZ reporter .", "entities": [ "xcpP", "xcpR genes", "lacZ reporter" ] }, { "id": "3110", "type": "gene", "text": "To explore the mechanism of insulin receptor phosphorylation we have used NIH3T3 cells transfected with two receptor constructs : one encoding a chimeric receptor composed of the extracellular domain of the human EGF receptor and the cytosolic domain of the human insulin receptor beta - subunit , and a second construct encoding a kinase - defiecient human insulin receptor .", "entities": [ "insulin receptor", "human EGF receptor", "human insulin receptor beta - subunit", "human insulin receptor" ] }, { "id": "3111", "type": "gene", "text": "It is pathogenetically proved to use antithrombin III concentrate preparations with anti - and dysaggregatory properties , fibronectin preparations , trasylol or its analogs during complex preoperative preparation of patients .", "entities": [ "antithrombin III", "fibronectin" ] }, { "id": "3113", "type": "gene", "text": "Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 ( HPK1 ) is a member of the mitogen - activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase ( MAP4K ) family and an upstream activator of the c - Jun N - terminal kinase ( JNK ) signaling cascade .", "entities": [ "Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1", "HPK1", "mitogen - activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase", "MAP4K", "c - Jun N - terminal kinase", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "3114", "type": "gene", "text": "We have used the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) reporter gene system to study the effect of T on the long terminal repeats ( LTRs ) of a large family of human endogenous retrovirus - like sequences , RTVL - H .", "entities": [ "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT", "T" ] }, { "id": "3117", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , the conservation of the two residues most sensitive to mutations ( Y949 and Y953 ) in TM11 , and in the homologous TM5 , of all mammalian P - gps and also in other ABC transporters , suggests that these residues and domains may play an important role in structural as well as mechanistic aspects common to this family of proteins .", "entities": [ "mammalian P - gps", "ABC transporters" ] }, { "id": "3118", "type": "gene", "text": "Based on the requirement for CREM / ICER and Rad6B proteins in spermatogenesis , we determined expression of Cdc34 , Rad6B , CREM / ICER isoforms , and the Skp1 - Cullin - F - box ubiquitin protein ligase subunits Cul - 1 and Cul - 2 , which are associated with Cdc34 activity during murine testicular development .", "entities": [ "CREM", "ICER", "Rad6B proteins", "Cdc34", "Rad6B", "CREM", "ICER", "Skp1", "Cullin", "ubiquitin", "Cul - 1", "Cul - 2", "Cdc34" ] }, { "id": "3120", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcription factor IIIC ( TFIIIC ) is required for the assembly of a preinitiation complex on 5S RNA , tRNA , and adenovirus VA RNA genes and contains two separable components , TFIIIC1 and TFIIIC2 .", "entities": [ "Transcription factor IIIC", "TFIIIC", "5S RNA", "adenovirus VA", "TFIIIC1", "TFIIIC2" ] }, { "id": "3121", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , we show that Nck - 2 is capable of recognizing several key components of growth factor receptor kinase - signaling pathways including EGF receptors , PDGF receptor - beta , and IRS - 1 .", "entities": [ "Nck - 2", "growth factor receptor kinase", "EGF receptors", "PDGF receptor - beta", "IRS - 1" ] }, { "id": "3122", "type": "gene", "text": "These two enhancer elements also enhanced transcription when fused separately to the basal promoter region of the chicken vimentin gene .", "entities": [ "chicken vimentin gene" ] }, { "id": "3126", "type": "gene", "text": "Protein sequencing , electrophoretic mobility shift assay , and immunoblot analyses identify p54 and p47 / 48 as members of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 ( HNF3 [ forkhead ] ) family of transcription factors .", "entities": [ "p54", "p47 / 48", "hepatocyte nuclear factor 3", "HNF3", "forkhead" ] }, { "id": "3127", "type": "gene", "text": "p54 belongs to the subfamily of HNF3 beta proteins , while p47 / 48 binding activity includes HNF3 gamma .", "entities": [ "p54", "HNF3 beta proteins", "p47 / 48", "HNF3 gamma" ] }, { "id": "3129", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter activity was assayed by transient transfection of luciferase reporter constructs containing nested deletions of the upstream sequence in the human RPE cell lines ARPE19 and D407 , as well as in the SK - Mel - 28 and HeLa cell lines .", "entities": [ "luciferase reporter constructs" ] }, { "id": "3132", "type": "gene", "text": "Although the elevated signalling is eliminated by deletion of Ste20p ( or components downstream of Ste20p ) , the growth and morphological abnormalities of cells lacking Akr1p are not rescued by deletion of any of the known pheromone response pathway components .", "entities": [ "Ste20p", "Ste20p", "Akr1p" ] }, { "id": "3133", "type": "gene", "text": "Southern hybridization of genomic DNA from WT and Lp / Lp embryos failed to identify specific rearrangements at or near the Nhlh1 locus , and Northern RNA blotting and RT - PCR evaluation of Nhlh1 mRNA expression indicated that both the levels and types of Nhlh1 mRNAs produced in WT and Lp / Lp embryos were indistinguishable .", "entities": [ "Lp", "Lp", "Nhlh1 locus", "Nhlh1 mRNA", "Nhlh1 mRNAs", "Lp", "Lp" ] }, { "id": "3134", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , mrp17 - 1 , in combination with some mutations affecting another mitochondrial ribosomal protein , caused a synthetic defective phenotype .", "entities": [ "mrp17 - 1" ] }, { "id": "3135", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression , characterization , and genomic structure of carp JAK1 kinase gene .", "entities": [ "carp JAK1 kinase gene" ] }, { "id": "3136", "type": "gene", "text": "Significantly , the murine P - selectin gene had several features not found in the human gene .", "entities": [ "murine P - selectin gene" ] }, { "id": "3137", "type": "gene", "text": "Fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH ) analysis showed that the novel regions involved in the NFKB2 rearrangement originated from chromosome 7q34 , thus implying the occurrence of a t ( 7 ; 10 ) ( q34 ; q24 ) reciprocal chromosomal translocation .", "entities": [ "NFKB2" ] }, { "id": "3138", "type": "gene", "text": "Transient - expression assay analysis of subclones of pPstI - G localized the trans - active factor to a 3 . 0 - kilobase XbaI fragment .", "entities": [ "3 . 0 - kilobase XbaI fragment" ] }, { "id": "3139", "type": "gene", "text": "MGF is a novel member of the cytokine - regulated transcription factor gene family .", "entities": [ "MGF", "cytokine - regulated transcription factor gene family" ] }, { "id": "3140", "type": "gene", "text": "This is the first report that the PH domain of an IRS protein can function in a dominant negative manner to inhibit insulin signaling .", "entities": [ "PH domain", "IRS protein", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "3142", "type": "gene", "text": "This result , together with the fact that unrearranged V kappa genes are transcriptionally silent , suggests that structural features of both the V kappa and C kappa loci contribute to the overall transcriptional efficiency of a rearranged V kappa - C kappa gene .", "entities": [ "unrearranged V kappa genes", "V kappa", "C kappa loci", "V kappa", "C kappa" ] }, { "id": "3144", "type": "gene", "text": "C . glabrata cells containing the CBF1 gene under the influence of a shutdown promoter ( tetO - ScHOP ) arrested their growth after 5 h of cultivation in the presence of the reactive drug doxycycline .", "entities": [ "CBF1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3145", "type": "gene", "text": "SF1 / mBBP utilizes a \" maxi - K homology \" ( maxi - KH ) domain for recognition of the single - stranded BPS and requires a cooperative interaction with splicing factor U2AF65 bound to an adjacent polypyrimidine tract ( PPT ) for high - affinity binding .", "entities": [ "SF1", "mBBP", "\" maxi - K homology \"", "maxi - KH", "U2AF65" ] }, { "id": "3146", "type": "gene", "text": "An X - linked zinc finger gene mapping to Xq21 . 1 - q21 . 3 closely related to ZFX and ZFY : possible origins from a common ancestral gene .", "entities": [ "zinc finger gene", "ZFX", "ZFY" ] }, { "id": "3151", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , there was an increase in the amount of p120 Ras - specific GTPase - activating protein ( GAP ) and GAP - associated p190 .", "entities": [ "p120 Ras", "GTPase - activating protein", "GAP", "GAP" ] }, { "id": "3154", "type": "gene", "text": "The 1 . 3 - kb DNA , when placed upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene , was shown to be functionally active .", "entities": [ "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene" ] }, { "id": "3158", "type": "gene", "text": "The 5 - HT3 antagonist ondansetron reduced alcohol intake in both the medium and high alcohol preferring rats at doses between 0 . 01 and 0 . 16 mg / kg .", "entities": [ "5 - HT3" ] }, { "id": "3162", "type": "gene", "text": "The relationship between donor status for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and the occurrence of non - A , non - B posttransfusion hepatitis in the recipient was prospectively studied in 112 patients undergoing open - heart surgery who were followed for 6 . 5 months after surgery .", "entities": [ "hepatitis B core antigen" ] }, { "id": "3163", "type": "gene", "text": "By sequencing of exonuclease III deletion clones an open reading frame of 405 nucleotides was found coding for a protein of 135 amino acids with a molecular mass of 15 kDa .", "entities": [ "exonuclease III" ] }, { "id": "3164", "type": "gene", "text": "The pepI gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "pepI gene" ] }, { "id": "3165", "type": "gene", "text": "Treatment of steroid resistant rejection following renal transplantation : benefits and risks of OKT3 therapy .", "entities": [ "OKT3" ] }, { "id": "3170", "type": "gene", "text": "SH3A competes with the SH3 domains of Grb2 in binding to mSos1 , and the intersectin - mSos1 complex can be separated from Grb2 by sucrose gradient centrifugation .", "entities": [ "SH3A", "SH3 domains", "Grb2", "mSos1", "intersectin", "mSos1", "Grb2" ] }, { "id": "3172", "type": "gene", "text": "This resulted in a shift of C1 / C2 , so that the effect of collagen was more pronounced ( maximal increase of C1 / C2 = 134 % ) than ADP ( maximal increase of C1 / C2 = 79 % ) .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "3174", "type": "gene", "text": "Xnr3 is transcriptionally activated by wnt signaling during gastrulation in the Xenopus embryo .", "entities": [ "Xnr3", "wnt" ] }, { "id": "3178", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequences of two previously known tail genes , R and S , of the temperate bacteriophage P2 and the sequence of an additional open reading frame ( orf - 30 ) located between S and V , were determined .", "entities": [ "tail genes", "R", "S", "S", "V" ] }, { "id": "3182", "type": "gene", "text": "GH signals by interacting with GH receptor ( GHR ) .", "entities": [ "GH", "GH receptor", "GHR" ] }, { "id": "3186", "type": "gene", "text": "The extraordinary high substrate specificity of rPulA together with its thermal stability makes this enzyme a good candidate for biotechnological applications in the starch - processing industry .", "entities": [ "rPulA" ] }, { "id": "3189", "type": "gene", "text": "Consistent with an effect on transcription , p21 was localized in nuclei of transfected cells .", "entities": [ "p21" ] }, { "id": "3190", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of pseudo VH gene segment recombination products reveals no bias in D gene segment reading frame utilization .", "entities": [ "pseudo VH gene segment recombination products", "D gene segment" ] }, { "id": "3191", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma prolactin concentrations during incubation , 25 . 8 + / - 2 . 3 ng / ml , decreased to baseline levels , 10 . 8 + / - 1 . 9 ng / ml , within 24 hr after nestbox removal .", "entities": [ "Plasma prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3194", "type": "gene", "text": "A new B - cell - specific enhancer element has been identified 3 ' of E4 and the octamerlike motifs in the human immunoglobulin heavy - chain gene enhancer .", "entities": [ "E4", "human immunoglobulin heavy - chain gene enhancer" ] }, { "id": "3197", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic mutation or loss of activin / transforming growth factor - beta ( TGFbeta ) receptor function has been shown in human lymphoid , breast , and colorectal tumors as well as Hep2B and Mv1Lu cell lines .", "entities": [ "activin", "transforming growth factor - beta ( TGFbeta ) receptor" ] }, { "id": "3199", "type": "gene", "text": "We now describe a HepG2 cell casein kinase II beta subunit cDNA of 2 . 57 kb containing 96 bases of 5 ' untranslated sequence , 645 bases of open reading frame , and 1832 bases of 3 ' untranslated sequence with two polyadenylation consensus signal sequences and two poly ( A ) stretches .", "entities": [ "HepG2 cell casein kinase II beta subunit cDNA" ] }, { "id": "3200", "type": "gene", "text": "Brome mosaic virus polymerase - like protein 2a is directed to the endoplasmic reticulum by helicase - like viral protein 1a .", "entities": [ "Brome mosaic virus polymerase", "protein 2a", "helicase", "viral protein 1a" ] }, { "id": "3201", "type": "gene", "text": "Diagnostic importance of determining leucine aminotransferase activity in acute pancreatitis", "entities": [ "leucine aminotransferase" ] }, { "id": "3207", "type": "gene", "text": "The Mer1 protein contains the KH motif found in some RNA - binding proteins , and RNA gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that Mer1 binds specifically to MER2 RNA .", "entities": [ "Mer1 protein", "Mer1", "MER2 RNA" ] }, { "id": "3212", "type": "gene", "text": "From this asymmetry , we suggested previously that GCN4 interacts with nonequivalent and possibly overlapping half - sites ( ATGAC and ATGAG ) that have different affinities .", "entities": [ "GCN4" ] }, { "id": "3213", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore the aldosterone stimulating effect of low sodium diet ( 17 children ) , severe and prolonged vomiting ( 19 children ) and synthetic ACTH ( 10 children ) has been studied by our modified method .", "entities": [ "ACTH" ] }, { "id": "3215", "type": "gene", "text": "The mutant strain carries three tandem copies of the 18 bp sequence that is duplicated in the amdI66 mutation .", "entities": [ "amdI66" ] }, { "id": "3216", "type": "gene", "text": "Although cDNA encoding a human phagocyte formyl peptide - binding protein has been reported recently ( Boulay , F . , Tardif , M . , Brouchon , L . , and Vignais , P .", "entities": [ "human phagocyte formyl peptide - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3217", "type": "gene", "text": "In NIH 3T3 fibroblasts the high affinity IL - 2R bearing a deletion of a region rich in acidic amino acids ( the \" acidic \" region ) in the IL - 2R beta - chain failed to induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP kinase as well as the expression of the all three nuclear proto - oncogenes .", "entities": [ "IL - 2R", "IL - 2R beta - chain", "MAP kinase" ] }, { "id": "3218", "type": "gene", "text": "A small molecule ILK inhibitor suppresses the phosphorylation of PKB at the Ser - 473 but not the Thr - 308 site in the PTEN mutant cells .", "entities": [ "ILK", "PKB", "PTEN" ] }, { "id": "3219", "type": "gene", "text": "The avian carcinoma virus MH2 contains a hybrid gene delta gag - mht with a contiguous open reading frame of 2682 base pairs as well as v - myc and avian helper virus - related sequences . delta gag is a partial retroviral core protein gene while v - mht and v - myc are cell - drived sequences .", "entities": [ "delta gag", "mht", "v - myc", "delta gag", "retroviral core protein gene", "v - mht", "v - myc" ] }, { "id": "3221", "type": "gene", "text": "Of 3841 serum samples from sows received from the Tennessee State Diagnostic Laboratory in 1991 - 1992 , 1130 were positive for Toxoplasma gondii antibody .", "entities": [ "Toxoplasma gondii antibody" ] }, { "id": "3222", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings also demonstrate that unless excluded by other factors , the C proteins are likely to be located along the length of nascent transcripts .", "entities": [ "C proteins" ] }, { "id": "3223", "type": "gene", "text": "In this group of patients , the mean LH ( 9 . 3 + / - 5 . 9 IU / l ) and sex - hormone binding globulin ( SHBG ) ( 54 . 5 + / - 22 . 9 nmol / l ) concentrations were significantly greater than those of five normal control subjects ( 4 . 7 + / - 1 . 11 IU / l and 26 . 0 + / - 7 . 0 nmol / l respectively ) .", "entities": [ "LH", "sex - hormone binding globulin", "SHBG" ] }, { "id": "3224", "type": "gene", "text": "We have now completed the primary structure of fibrillin , elucidated the exon / intron organization of the gene and derived a physical map of the genetic locus .", "entities": [ "fibrillin" ] }, { "id": "3225", "type": "gene", "text": "The BCL - 6 POZ domain and other POZ domains interact with the co - repressors N - CoR and SMRT .", "entities": [ "BCL - 6", "N - CoR", "SMRT" ] }, { "id": "3226", "type": "gene", "text": "Cytokine inducibility of VCAM1 in endothelial cells utilizes the interaction of heterodimeric p50 / p65 proteins with IRF - 1 .", "entities": [ "VCAM1", "p50", "p65", "IRF - 1" ] }, { "id": "3228", "type": "gene", "text": "To gain additional insights into this novel apoptotic checkpoint , we have now characterized the mouse survivin locus .", "entities": [ "mouse survivin locus" ] }, { "id": "3229", "type": "gene", "text": "Both proteins share sequence similarity with the myelin - associated glycoprotein , an adhesion molecule of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells that has been implicated in the process of myelination , raising the important question of whether myelin - associated glycoprotein is also a sialic acid - binding protein .", "entities": [ "myelin - associated glycoprotein", "myelin - associated glycoprotein", "sialic acid - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3230", "type": "gene", "text": "Localized Bicaudal - C RNA encodes a protein containing a KH domain , the RNA binding motif of FMR1 .", "entities": [ "Bicaudal - C RNA", "FMR1" ] }, { "id": "3231", "type": "gene", "text": "To facilitate the characterization of NF - E2 functions in human cells , we isolated cDNAs encoding two members of the small Maf family , MafK and MafG .", "entities": [ "NF - E2", "small Maf family", "MafK", "MafG" ] }, { "id": "3234", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast to the restricted tissue expression of gonadotropin and TSH receptors in gonads and thyroid , respectively , LGR4 is expressed in diverse tissues including ovary , testis , adrenal , placenta , thymus , spinal cord , and thyroid , whereas LGR5 is found in muscle , placenta , spinal cord , and brain .", "entities": [ "gonadotropin", "TSH receptors", "LGR4", "LGR5" ] }, { "id": "3239", "type": "gene", "text": "The JNK / SAPK activator mixed lineage kinase 3 ( MLK3 ) transforms NIH 3T3 cells in a MEK - dependent fashion .", "entities": [ "JNK", "SAPK", "mixed lineage kinase 3", "MLK3", "MEK" ] }, { "id": "3241", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast to the effect on DNA replication , the L13V substitution in large T antigen did not prevent complex formation with Hsc70 and the Rb protein .", "entities": [ "large T antigen", "Hsc70", "Rb protein" ] }, { "id": "3244", "type": "gene", "text": "Members of the steroid / hormone nuclear receptor superfamily regulate target gene transcription via recognition and association with specific cis - acting sequences of DNA , called hormone response elements ( HREs ) .", "entities": [ "steroid / hormone nuclear receptor superfamily" ] }, { "id": "3245", "type": "gene", "text": "Indeed , DEX also enhanced the RA - dependent increase in RARbeta mRNA in a cycloheximide - sensitive manner .", "entities": [ "RARbeta mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3247", "type": "gene", "text": "Avian EMILIN was extracted from 19 - day - old embryonic chick aortas and associated blood vessels and purified by ion - exchange chromatography and gel filtration .", "entities": [ "Avian EMILIN" ] }, { "id": "3248", "type": "gene", "text": "CYP51P1 is 96 . 5 % identical to the human CYP51 coding sequence and is not interrupted with introns but has six in - frame stop codons resulting from point mutations .", "entities": [ "CYP51P1", "human CYP51" ] }, { "id": "3249", "type": "gene", "text": "We report here that AChE activity tends to decrease in individuals sampled in tanks at a salinity of 30 per thousand as temperature increases .", "entities": [ "AChE" ] }, { "id": "3250", "type": "gene", "text": "Three RasV12 mutants ( S35 , G37 , and C40 ) which differ by their ability to bind to Ras effectors ( Raf , Ral - GEFs , and the p110 subunit of PI 3 - kinase , respectively ) were able to induce sustained NR cell proliferation , although none of these mutants was reported to transform NIH 3T3 cells .", "entities": [ "RasV12 mutants", "S35", "G37", "C40", "Ras effectors", "Raf", "Ral - GEFs", "p110 subunit of PI 3 - kinase" ] }, { "id": "3253", "type": "gene", "text": "A significant difference in the distribution of antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase was found in subgroup 2 .", "entities": [ "thyroglobulin", "thyroid peroxidase" ] }, { "id": "3254", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we characterize TCR / CD48 and TCR / CD28 costimulation in T cells expressing Lck Src homology 3 ( SH3 ) mutants .", "entities": [ "TCR", "CD48", "TCR", "CD28", "Src homology 3", "SH3" ] }, { "id": "3255", "type": "gene", "text": "High expression of p51A ( TAp63gamma ) in the skeletal muscle tissue drove us to investigate a differentiation - inducible myoblastic cell line which showed increased p51A expression after differentiation induction .", "entities": [ "p51A", "TAp63gamma", "p51A" ] }, { "id": "3257", "type": "gene", "text": "These results induce that the putative TATA box and initiator are not involved in the promoter activity , and that the vitronectin promoter lacks the TATA box , initiator and GC box .", "entities": [ "vitronectin promoter" ] }, { "id": "3258", "type": "gene", "text": "Using the interaction - trap assay to identify candidate proteins that bind the cytoplasmic region of the LAR transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase ( PT - Pase ) , we isolated a cDNA encoding a 2861 - amino acid protein termed Trio that contains three enzyme domains : two functional GEF domains and a protein serine / threonine kinase ( PSK ) domain .", "entities": [ "LAR transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase", "PT - Pase", "Trio", "GEF domains", "protein serine / threonine kinase", "PSK" ] }, { "id": "3259", "type": "gene", "text": "We have isolated two H19 cDNAs ( AP and ES ) that contain this ORF4 and correspond to incomplete copies of the unique 2 . 3 kb H19 RNA .", "entities": [ "H19 cDNAs", "AP", "ES", "2 . 3 kb H19 RNA" ] }, { "id": "3260", "type": "gene", "text": "The combined in vitro effects of ethanol wih methaqualone , phenobarbital , pyrazole or disulfiram were studied using rat brain microsomal NA - K - ATPase .", "entities": [ "rat brain microsomal NA - K - ATPase" ] }, { "id": "3261", "type": "gene", "text": "The related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase is tyrosine - phosphorylated after beta1 - integrin stimulation in B cells and binds to p130cas .", "entities": [ "adhesion focal tyrosine kinase", "beta1 - integrin", "p130cas" ] }, { "id": "3262", "type": "gene", "text": "Earlier reports have localized mutations which affect the processing and transport of herpes simplex virus 1 glycoproteins to a region located between the genes specifying glycoprotein B and the major viral DNA - binding protein ( beta 8 ) .", "entities": [ "glycoprotein B", "beta 8" ] }, { "id": "3263", "type": "gene", "text": "These results indicate that the 2127 - bp cDNA encodes a functional feline L / B / K - type ALP expressed on cell surfaces via phosphatidylinositol - glycan linkage .", "entities": [ "L / B / K - type ALP" ] }, { "id": "3265", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of a Het - mutation in Anabaena sp . strain PCC 7120 implicates a secondary metabolite in the regulation of heterocyst spacing .", "entities": [ "Het" ] }, { "id": "3266", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we report that components of the Ras / Raf / MAPK pathway are constitutively activated in these lck - transformed immature thymoblasts .", "entities": [ "Ras", "Raf", "MAPK", "lck" ] }, { "id": "3267", "type": "gene", "text": "p56 ( lck ) utilizes Shc and Grb2 adaptors to mediate activation of p21 ( ras ) in the thymoblast lines by promoting tyrosine phosphorylation of the Shc protein and constitutive interaction between Shc and Grb2 .", "entities": [ "p56", "lck", "Shc", "Grb2 adaptors", "p21", "ras", "Shc protein", "Shc", "Grb2" ] }, { "id": "3268", "type": "gene", "text": "The rec8 ( + ) , rec10 ( + ) , and rec11 ( + ) genes of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe exhibit similar specificities for meiotic recombination and rec8 ( + ) is required for sister chromatid cohesion and homolog pairing .", "entities": [ "rec8 ( + )", "rec10 ( + )", "rec11 ( + ) genes of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe", "rec8 ( + )" ] }, { "id": "3269", "type": "gene", "text": "Based on the results of this analysis , we also predict that the budding yeast arsenate resistance protein Acr2 and the ORF Ygr203w encode protein phosphatases with catalytic properties similar to that of the Cdc25 family .", "entities": [ "Acr2", "ORF Ygr203w", "Cdc25 family" ] }, { "id": "3272", "type": "gene", "text": "The PHO5 gene is activated by the Pho4p transcription factor , which itself is negatively regulated through phosphorylation by the products of PHO80 and PHO85 .", "entities": [ "PHO5 gene", "Pho4p transcription factor", "PHO80", "PHO85" ] }, { "id": "3274", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of the DNA sequence upstream of the narQ gene , which encodes the second nitrate - responsive sensor - transmitter protein in Escherichia coli , revealed an open reading frame ( ORF ) whose product shows a high degree of similarity to a number of iron - sulfur proteins as well as to the beta subunit of glutamate synthase ( gltD ) of E . coli .", "entities": [ "narQ gene", "iron - sulfur proteins", "glutamate synthase", "gltD" ] }, { "id": "3276", "type": "gene", "text": "We suggest that the responses to types I and II collagen were caused by a cross - reaction with type III collagen peptides .", "entities": [ "types I and II collagen", "type III collagen" ] }, { "id": "3278", "type": "gene", "text": "The 5 ' half of the EWS gene has recently been described to be fused to the 3 ' regions of genes encoding the DNA - binding domain of several transcriptional regulators , including ATF1 , FLI - 1 , and ERG , in several human tumors .", "entities": [ "EWS gene", "ATF1", "FLI - 1", "ERG" ] }, { "id": "3279", "type": "gene", "text": "PDGF stimulated CDK2 activity in mesangial cells and decreased the level of p27 ( kip1 ) cyclin kinase inhibitor protein .", "entities": [ "PDGF", "CDK2", "p27", "kip1" ] }, { "id": "3280", "type": "gene", "text": "Recombinant apoA - I protein recovered from the soluble fraction of the bacterial cell pellet was purified to greater than 95 % homogeneity by reversed - phase high - performance liquid chromatography .", "entities": [ "Recombinant apoA - I protein" ] }, { "id": "3281", "type": "gene", "text": "The influence of different temperatures between 13 degrees C and 45 degrees C on coagulation factors in vitro was studied by measuring clotting time with the recalcification time , partial thromboplastin time ( PTT ) , and thromboplastin time test .", "entities": [ "thromboplastin", "thromboplastin" ] }, { "id": "3283", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , transgene expression directed by both the human and mouse Rb promoters is restricted to a subset of tissues in which Rb is normally expressed during embryogenesis .", "entities": [ "mouse Rb promoters", "Rb" ] }, { "id": "3284", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , Tax1 activates CArG - mediated transcription without mitogenic signals through interaction with a CArG - binding factor , p67SRF .", "entities": [ "Tax1", "CArG - binding factor", "p67SRF" ] }, { "id": "3287", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcription start site was localized 224 bp upstream the ATG codon by RNase protection and primer extension mapping .", "entities": [ "RNase" ] }, { "id": "3289", "type": "gene", "text": "Rising antibody titres to the astrovirus particles were demonstrated in one child , and IgM was also demonstrated in this patient ' s serum .", "entities": [ "IgM" ] }, { "id": "3291", "type": "gene", "text": "Although RAD17 , RAD24 and MEC3 are not required for cell cycle arrest when S phase is inhibited by hydroxyurea ( HU ) , they do contribute to the viability of yeast cells grown in the presence of HU , possibly because they are required for the repair of HU - induced DNA damage .", "entities": [ "RAD17", "RAD24", "MEC3" ] }, { "id": "3293", "type": "gene", "text": "PTP1 - lacZ studies indicate that PTP1 is spatially localized to prestalk and anterior - like cell types .", "entities": [ "PTP1", "lacZ", "PTP1" ] }, { "id": "3294", "type": "gene", "text": "When translated in - frame with PKC zeta , a stop codon is located 28 amino acids towards the N - terminus of the divergence point and the intervening sequence lacks an expected initiating methionine . psi PKC zeta is non - functional in terms of protein synthesis since Western blotting with an antibody directed against the C - terminus of PKC zeta failed to reveal a protein smaller than PKC zeta , and synthetic psi PKC zeta RNA failed to support protein synthesis in a translation system in vitro .", "entities": [ "PKC zeta", "psi PKC zeta", "PKC zeta", "PKC zeta", "psi PKC zeta RNA" ] }, { "id": "3302", "type": "gene", "text": "Like Rev - Erb , BD73 binds as a monomer to a DNA sequence which consists of a specific A / T - rich sequence upstream of the consensus hexameric half - site specified by the P box of the DNA - binding domain .", "entities": [ "Rev", "Erb", "BD73" ] }, { "id": "3303", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , the holo - dTFIIA ( L / S ) binds TBP with high affinity .", "entities": [ "holo - dTFIIA", "TBP" ] }, { "id": "3304", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of wild type and SeCys / Cys mutant of human thioredoxin reductase in E . coli : the role of selenocysteine in the catalytic activity .", "entities": [ "human thioredoxin reductase" ] }, { "id": "3306", "type": "gene", "text": "Western and immunocytochemical analysis implied that PREB accumulates specifically in GH3 cell nuclei .", "entities": [ "PREB" ] }, { "id": "3307", "type": "gene", "text": "Two genes from the family encoding mouse ribosomal protein S16 were cloned , sequenced , and analyzed .", "entities": [ "mouse ribosomal protein S16" ] }, { "id": "3308", "type": "gene", "text": "A novel serine kinase activated by rac1 / CDC42Hs - dependent autophosphorylation is related to PAK65 and STE20 .", "entities": [ "serine kinase", "rac1", "CDC42Hs", "PAK65", "STE20" ] }, { "id": "3309", "type": "gene", "text": "The deduced gene product was found to have significant sequence similarity to the yeast and prokaryotic RNA polymerase subunits involved with subunit assembly .", "entities": [ "yeast and prokaryotic RNA polymerase subunits" ] }, { "id": "3310", "type": "gene", "text": "Maximum overexpression of holoenzyme activity was achieved by the inclusion in such plasmids of Salmonella typhimurium cysG , which encodes a uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase required for the synthesis of siroheme , a cofactor for the hemoprotein .", "entities": [ "uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "3311", "type": "gene", "text": "Overexpression of SNURF in cultured mammalian cells enhanced not only androgen , glucocorticoid , and progesterone receptor - dependent transactivation but also basal transcription from steroid - regulated promoters .", "entities": [ "SNURF", "progesterone receptor" ] }, { "id": "3312", "type": "gene", "text": "The human protein binds most strongly to the SH3 domain from the abl proto - oncogene .", "entities": [ "SH3 domain", "abl proto - oncogene" ] }, { "id": "3314", "type": "gene", "text": "These data show that tyrosine phosphorylation by FES affects the interaction of BCR with multiple signaling partners and suggest a general role for BCR in non - receptor protein - tyrosine kinase regulation and signal transduction .", "entities": [ "FES", "BCR", "BCR", "protein - tyrosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "3318", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition to TAK1 , TGF - beta also stimulated JNK activity .", "entities": [ "TAK1", "TGF - beta", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "3319", "type": "gene", "text": "Foamy viruses ( FVs ) express the Gag protein as a precursor with a molecular mass of 74 kDa ( pr74 ) from which a 70 - kDa protein ( p70 ) is cleaved by the viral protease .", "entities": [ "Gag protein", "pr74", "p70" ] }, { "id": "3320", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest that at least some chloroplast - like tRNA genes in wheat mtDNA are transcribed , with transcripts undergoing processing , post - transcriptional modification and 3 ' - CCA addition , to produce mature tRNAs that may participate in mitochondrial protein synthesis .", "entities": [ "chloroplast - like tRNA genes" ] }, { "id": "3323", "type": "gene", "text": "The occurrence of the different types of TCRB rearrangement patterns has implications for PCR - based clonality assessment and for PCR - based detection of minimal residual disease via TCRB gene analysis .", "entities": [ "TCRB", "TCRB gene" ] }, { "id": "3328", "type": "gene", "text": "No patient demonstrated a decrease in bone marrow fibrosis as determined by serial procollagen ( PC III ) serum level analysis .", "entities": [ "procollagen", "PC III" ] }, { "id": "3335", "type": "gene", "text": "Uncoupling gene activity from chromatin structure : promoter mutations can inactivate transcription of the yeast HSP82 gene without eliminating nucleosome - free regions .", "entities": [ "yeast HSP82 gene" ] }, { "id": "3336", "type": "gene", "text": "Ectopic expression of cyclin D1 in progestin - inhibited cells led to the reappearance of the 120 - kDa active form of cyclin E - Cdk2 preceding the resumption of cell cycle progression .", "entities": [ "cyclin D1", "cyclin E", "Cdk2" ] }, { "id": "3337", "type": "gene", "text": "Unlike these contaminant - responsive T cells , those that are truly specific for natural AChR epitopes appear less heterogeneous and therefore more suitable targets for selective immunotherapy .", "entities": [ "AChR epitopes" ] }, { "id": "3338", "type": "gene", "text": "Because the wa - 2 mutation was mapped previously to the vicinity of the EGF / TGF - alpha receptor ( EGFR ) gene on mouse chromosome 11 , we hypothesized that the wa - 2 phenotype might result from a defect in either the expression or activity of EGFR , or both .", "entities": [ "wa - 2 mutation", "EGF / TGF - alpha receptor", "EGFR", "wa - 2 phenotype", "EGFR" ] }, { "id": "3340", "type": "gene", "text": "Southern zoo blot analysis indicated that ZNF236 is conserved in the genomes of all mammalian species tested , but not in yeast .", "entities": [ "ZNF236" ] }, { "id": "3341", "type": "gene", "text": "RNA determinants required for L4 - mediated attenuation control of the S10 r - protein operon of Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "L4", "S10 r - protein operon of Escherichia coli" ] }, { "id": "3342", "type": "gene", "text": "Spodoptera frugiperda ( Sf9 ) cells have proved a suitable cell system in which to study this association and to produce recombinant CR3 , and we show here that another lepidopteran cell line , Trichoplusia niTN - 5B1 - 4 ( High - Five ) cells , allows the recovery of large amounts of functional recombinant CR3 .", "entities": [ "recombinant CR3", "functional recombinant CR3" ] }, { "id": "3343", "type": "gene", "text": "INTERVENTIONS : Postoperative follow - up consisted of serial determination of different biochemical markers ( CK , CK - MB , cTnI ) , ECGs , and echocardiography .", "entities": [ "CK", "CK - MB", "cTnI" ] }, { "id": "3348", "type": "gene", "text": "The recruitment of constitutively phosphorylated p185 ( neu ) and the activated mitogenic pathway proteins to this membrane - microfilament interaction site provides a physical model for integrating the assembly of the mitogenic pathway with the transmission of growth factor signal to the cytoskeleton .", "entities": [ "p185", "neu" ] }, { "id": "3349", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion of the region from amino acid residues 2 - 67 in E1A , which has been postulated to interact with p300 / CBP , also abolished the inhibitory effect of E1A , whereas deletion of the region from residues 120 to 140 had no effect .", "entities": [ "E1A", "p300", "CBP", "E1A" ] }, { "id": "3351", "type": "gene", "text": "The point mutation Asp - 316 - - > Asn in the C - terminus of p38 , analogous to the ERK2 ( extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 2 ) sevenmaker mutation , dramatically decreases its binding to MKP - 1 and substantially compromises its stimulatory effect on the catalytic activity of this phosphatase .", "entities": [ "p38", "ERK2", "extracellular - signal - regulated kinase 2", "sevenmaker", "MKP - 1" ] }, { "id": "3354", "type": "gene", "text": "In one trial , 116 subjects with transfusion - related chronic hepatitis C were treated with lymphoblastoid interferon ( 5 MU / m2 three times a week for 2 mo , then 3 MU / m2 three times a week for 4 or 10 mo ) .", "entities": [ "lymphoblastoid interferon" ] }, { "id": "3356", "type": "gene", "text": "BCR - ABL elicits transformation of both fibroblast and hematopoietic cells and blocks apoptosis following cytokine deprivation in various factor - dependent cells .", "entities": [ "BCR", "ABL" ] }, { "id": "3359", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that block meiotic prophase chromosome metabolism and confer cell cycle arrest at pachytene identify two new meiosis - specific genes SAE1 and SAE3 .", "entities": [ "meiosis - specific genes SAE1", "SAE3" ] }, { "id": "3360", "type": "gene", "text": "Isolation and characterization of human orthologs of yeast CCR4 - NOT complex subunits .", "entities": [ "CCR4", "NOT" ] }, { "id": "3361", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the i - leader protein is a viral gene product of unknown function and high stability that is made in large quantities at intermediate times of productive infection . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS )", "entities": [ "i - leader protein" ] }, { "id": "3365", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore , we have reevaluated the age - related changes in serum leptin levels and their relationship with adiposity and androgen levels in a large group of community dwelling men .", "entities": [ "serum leptin" ] }, { "id": "3368", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of the E2 protein resulted in rapid repression of HPV E6 and E7 expression , followed approximately 12 h later by profound inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis .", "entities": [ "E2 protein", "HPV E6", "E7" ] }, { "id": "3369", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma renin activity in end - stage kidney disease .", "entities": [ "Plasma renin" ] }, { "id": "3370", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoblotting with antiphosphotyrosine antibody showed that many yeast proteins , including the p34CDC28 kinase , became phosphorylated at tyrosine in cells expressing v - src .", "entities": [ "p34CDC28 kinase", "v - src" ] }, { "id": "3373", "type": "gene", "text": "In cells co - expressing high levels of the p38 ( MAPK ) kinase ( MKK3 ) together with the p38 ( MAPK ) , a significant inhibition of mitogen - induced cyclin D1 expression was observed .", "entities": [ "p38", "MAPK", "MKK3", "p38", "MAPK", "cyclin D1" ] }, { "id": "3377", "type": "gene", "text": "The RHO1 gene encodes a homolog of the mammalian RhoA small GTP - binding protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "RHO1 gene", "RhoA small GTP - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3378", "type": "gene", "text": "As regards the short stature , they have proved that the syndrome is related to low levels of somatomedin C ( SmC ) .", "entities": [ "somatomedin C", "SmC" ] }, { "id": "3381", "type": "gene", "text": "HBO had marked effects on these enzymes : lung SOD increased ( guinea pigs 47 % , rats 88 % ) and CAT and GSHPx activities decreased ( 33 % ) in brain and lung .", "entities": [ "lung SOD", "CAT", "GSHPx" ] }, { "id": "3383", "type": "gene", "text": "Phylogenetic analysis of yeast , invertebrate , and multiple mammalian isoforms of SNF4 shows that the gene duplication likely occurred early in the metazoan lineage , as the protein products of the different loci are relatively divergent .", "entities": [ "SNF4" ] }, { "id": "3385", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus the Hi - RARE represents a new type of RA response element with a role in the modulation of the expression of MHC class 1 family genes .", "entities": [ "MHC class 1" ] }, { "id": "3388", "type": "gene", "text": "The structural intestinal defects are presumed to be the result of defective collagen synthesis in these hereditary connective tissue disorders .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "3390", "type": "gene", "text": "Although indomethacin is useful for examining the role of cyclooxygenase products in asthmatic responses , it should not be considered in the treatment of asthma .", "entities": [ "cyclooxygenase products" ] }, { "id": "3391", "type": "gene", "text": "Incidence of beta - thalassemia carriers and those deficient in erythrocyte glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase in the greater Buenos Aires area", "entities": [ "erythrocyte glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase" ] }, { "id": "3392", "type": "gene", "text": "Both v - Myb and c - Myb bind specifically to delta E3 .", "entities": [ "v - Myb", "c - Myb", "delta E3" ] }, { "id": "3396", "type": "gene", "text": "An hcr1 null mutant was viable , but showed slight reduction of growth when compared with the wild - type strain .", "entities": [ "hcr1" ] }, { "id": "3397", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum levels of total and specific immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) have been determined by radioimmunoassays in sixty - nine allergic subjects .", "entities": [ "specific immunoglobulin E", "IgE" ] }, { "id": "3398", "type": "gene", "text": "IgE - binding proteins of Psocoptera were determined by immunoblotting experiments .", "entities": [ "IgE - binding proteins" ] }, { "id": "3399", "type": "gene", "text": "We also show that the products of both the GIY - YIG ORF and the non - canonical LAGLI - DADG - GIY - YIG ORF , which is generated by its integration , have endonuclease activities which recognize and cut the insertion site of the optional sequence .", "entities": [ "GIY - YIG", "LAGLI - DADG - GIY - YIG" ] }, { "id": "3400", "type": "gene", "text": "Further , we find that the BMI1 protein can also interact with itself .", "entities": [ "BMI1 protein" ] }, { "id": "3401", "type": "gene", "text": "Indeed , ectopic expression of MOX4 in aerobic cells resulted in partially constitutive expression of DAN1 .", "entities": [ "MOX4", "DAN1" ] }, { "id": "3403", "type": "gene", "text": "Hybridization was detected between polyadenylated H chain mRNA , isolated from the majority of the hybridomas , and the VH probe .", "entities": [ "polyadenylated H chain mRNA", "VH" ] }, { "id": "3404", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification of a putative infC - rpmI - rplT operon flanked by long inverted repeats in Mycoplasma fermentans ( incognitus strain ) .", "entities": [ "infC", "rpmI", "rplT" ] }, { "id": "3407", "type": "gene", "text": "Evaluation of gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase in myocardial infarction .", "entities": [ "gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase" ] }, { "id": "3408", "type": "gene", "text": "Loss of pRb or p107 binding results in the loss of transforming activity .", "entities": [ "pRb", "p107" ] }, { "id": "3410", "type": "gene", "text": "Peak insulin response to glucose infusion declined from Groups 1 to 3 ( 51 + / - 14 , 42 . 4 + / - 31 , 20 . 4 + / - 6 . 8 microU / ml , respectively ) with Group 3 exhibiting a significantly decreased mean peak level compared to the other groups .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "3413", "type": "gene", "text": "The proliferative potential of the pilocytic astrocytoma : the relation between MIB - 1 labeling and clinical and neuro - radiological follow - up .", "entities": [ "MIB - 1" ] }, { "id": "3414", "type": "gene", "text": "RESULTS : Here , we report the identification of two major and novel Shc tyrosine phosphorylation sites , Y239 and Y240 .", "entities": [ "Shc" ] }, { "id": "3415", "type": "gene", "text": "Dominant - negative upf1 mutations were isolated following in vitro mutagenesis of a plasmid containing the UPF1 gene .", "entities": [ "upf1", "UPF1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3417", "type": "gene", "text": "We previously identified a highly conserved L - X - X - L - F sequence near the C terminus of the p6 domain of the Gag precursor as the major virion association motif for HIV - 1 Vpr .", "entities": [ "p6 domain", "Gag precursor", "HIV - 1 Vpr" ] }, { "id": "3418", "type": "gene", "text": "Papillomavirus type 16 oncogenes downregulate expression of interferon - responsive genes and upregulate proliferation - associated and NF - kappaB - responsive genes in cervical keratinocytes .", "entities": [ "interferon", "NF - kappaB" ] }, { "id": "3421", "type": "gene", "text": "The human CA11 gene appears to be located between the secretor type alpha ( 1 , 2 ) - fucosyltransferase gene cluster ( FUT1 - FUT2 - FUT2P ) and the D - site binding protein gene ( DBP ) on chromosome 19q13 . 3 .", "entities": [ "human CA11 gene", "secretor type alpha ( 1 , 2 ) - fucosyltransferase gene cluster", "FUT1", "FUT2", "FUT2P", "D - site binding protein gene", "DBP" ] }, { "id": "3422", "type": "gene", "text": "An anoerxiant , mazindol suppresses food intake by 1 ) stimulating beta - adrenergic receptors , 2 ) inhibiting the feeding center and , 3 ) stimulating the satiety center in the hypothalamus .", "entities": [ "beta - adrenergic receptors" ] }, { "id": "3424", "type": "gene", "text": "The fusion of AML1 to MDS1 is in frame , and adds 127 codons to the interrupted AML1 .", "entities": [ "AML1", "MDS1", "AML1" ] }, { "id": "3429", "type": "gene", "text": "Second , overexpression of RIM11 can suppress an ime1 missense mutation ( ime1 - L321F ) but not an ime1 deletion .", "entities": [ "RIM11", "ime1", "ime1 - L321F", "ime1" ] }, { "id": "3432", "type": "gene", "text": "This 50 - kDa protein contains two SH2 domains and an inter - SH2 domain of p85alpha , but the SH3 and bcr homology domains of p85alpha were replaced by a unique 6 - amino acid sequence .", "entities": [ "SH2 domains", "inter - SH2 domain", "p85alpha", "SH3", "bcr homology domains", "p85alpha" ] }, { "id": "3437", "type": "gene", "text": "The more sustained effect of cyclofenil on prolactin secretion with a reduced frequency of relapse , and the lower oestradiol level , which might indicate a reduced risk of thromboembolism , suggest that this drug has some advantage over bromocriptine in the inhibition of postpartum lactation .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3441", "type": "gene", "text": "In the present study , we report the entire genomic structure of KCNQ1 , which consists of 19 exons spanning 400 kb on chromosome 11p15 . 5 .", "entities": [ "KCNQ1" ] }, { "id": "3442", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern ( RNA ) blot hybridization analysis with the p68c - ets - 1 - specific sequence and RNase protection experiments showed that the corresponding mRNA was expressed in normal chicken spleen and not in normal chicken thymus or in various T lymphoid cell lines .", "entities": [ "p68c - ets - 1", "RNase" ] }, { "id": "3444", "type": "gene", "text": "Kettin is a large modular protein associated with thin filaments in the Z - disc region of insect muscles .", "entities": [ "Kettin" ] }, { "id": "3454", "type": "gene", "text": "However , microinjection of reconstituted mRNPs into Xenopus oocytes demonstrates that although translational repression occurs in the absence of consensus RNA binding sequences for FRGY2 , the presence of FRGY2 recognition elements within mRNA potentiates translational repression .", "entities": [ "FRGY2", "FRGY2 recognition elements" ] }, { "id": "3458", "type": "gene", "text": "IL - 6 was detected in the urine of 52 % of children with pyelonephritis compared with 15 % of other children ( P < 0 . 001 ) .", "entities": [ "IL - 6" ] }, { "id": "3459", "type": "gene", "text": "We have determined the complete cDNA sequence of rat plectin from a number of well - characterized overlapping lambda gt11 clones .", "entities": [ "rat plectin" ] }, { "id": "3462", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast to p62 ( dok ) , DOKL lacks YxxP motifs in the C terminus and does not bind to Ras GTPase - activating protein ( RasGAP ) upon phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "p62", "dok", "DOKL", "Ras GTPase - activating protein", "RasGAP" ] }, { "id": "3463", "type": "gene", "text": "These observations demonstrate that KSR is capable of uncoupling the MAP kinase activation from its target phosphorylation , and thus provide a novel mechanism for modulating the Ras - MAP kinase signaling pathway .", "entities": [ "KSR", "MAP kinase", "Ras", "MAP kinase" ] }, { "id": "3464", "type": "gene", "text": "G - CSF ( 10 microg / kg ) was started on day + 1 and all patients engrafted within a median day number of 12 ( range , 10 - 22 ) until leukocytes > 1 . 0 x 10 ( 9 ) / l and a median day number of 56 ( range , 10 - 180 ) until platelets > 20 . 0 x 10 ( 9 ) / l ( ie platelet transfusion independence ) .", "entities": [ "G - CSF" ] }, { "id": "3465", "type": "gene", "text": "A higher percentage of children with cerebral malaria ( 40 per cent ) than with non - cerebral malaria ( 29 per cent ) or controls ( 20 per cent ) also had either serum ferritin < 100 micrograms / l and inflammation or sTfR > 7 . 3 mg / l or both .", "entities": [ "serum ferritin", "sTfR" ] }, { "id": "3466", "type": "gene", "text": "During the burst period ( approximately 5 - 10 min ) , local blood H2O2 concentrations and xanthine oxidase activities were highly correlated ( r = 0 . 999 ) .", "entities": [ "xanthine oxidase" ] }, { "id": "3468", "type": "gene", "text": "UV cross - linking and Southwestern analysis suggested that KTP1 is a DNA - binding protein clearly distinct from AP2 , and this protein may be responsible for the basal keratinocyte - specific expression of the BPAG1 gene .", "entities": [ "KTP1", "AP2", "BPAG1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3469", "type": "gene", "text": "The model of the complex provides a rationale for conserved ITAM residues , substrate specificity , and suggests that substrate binds only the active conformation of the Src family tyrosine kinase , unlike the ATP cofactor , which can bind the inactive form .", "entities": [ "ITAM", "Src family tyrosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "3470", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we demonstrate that a region of high homology between the members of this class of proteins contains a type A nucleotide binding site consensus sequence which has ATPase activity and is sufficient to bind DNA containing specific mismatched residues .", "entities": [ "ATPase" ] }, { "id": "3473", "type": "gene", "text": "S - phase - promoting cyclin - dependent kinases ( Cdks ) and the kinase Dbf4 - Cdc7 then act to initiate replication .", "entities": [ "cyclin - dependent kinases", "Cdks", "Dbf4", "Cdc7" ] }, { "id": "3474", "type": "gene", "text": "NF - kappaB only partially mediates Epstein - Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 activation of B cells .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB", "Epstein - Barr virus latent membrane protein 1" ] }, { "id": "3475", "type": "gene", "text": "Purified fER exhibited a distribution constant ( KD ) for 17 beta - estradiol of 0 . 45 nM .", "entities": [ "fER" ] }, { "id": "3478", "type": "gene", "text": "The peptides are generated in the cytosol , then translocated across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum by the transporter associated with antigen processing ( TAP ) .", "entities": [ "transporter associated with antigen processing", "TAP" ] }, { "id": "3479", "type": "gene", "text": "It competes with the calcium ion which brings about inhibition of myosine kinase , and therefore a drop in phosphorylated myosine .", "entities": [ "myosine kinase" ] }, { "id": "3482", "type": "gene", "text": "Injection of horseradish peroxidase ( HRP ) into the cerebellar flocculus of the rat was employed to identify neurons in the abducens nucleus that project to the flocculus .", "entities": [ "horseradish peroxidase", "HRP" ] }, { "id": "3483", "type": "gene", "text": "To assay for sequences that could potentially regulate Xenopus proenkephalin expression , we transfected constructs that contained upstream genomic sequences linked to the CAT reporter gene into various eukaryotic cell lines .", "entities": [ "Xenopus proenkephalin", "CAT reporter gene" ] }, { "id": "3484", "type": "gene", "text": "This suggests that the ratio of IL - 6 to IL - 10 may be used to predict the injury severity after trauma .", "entities": [ "IL - 6", "IL - 10" ] }, { "id": "3485", "type": "gene", "text": "UVB - induced association of tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) receptor 1 / TNF receptor - associated factor - 2 mediates activation of Rel proteins .", "entities": [ "tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) receptor 1", "TNF receptor - associated factor - 2", "Rel proteins" ] }, { "id": "3487", "type": "gene", "text": "Experimental studies and clinical application of plasma ACTH radioimmunoassay kit without extraction process", "entities": [ "plasma ACTH" ] }, { "id": "3491", "type": "gene", "text": "Our previous studies demonstrated that the promyelocytic leukemia gene , PML which involved in the 15 ; 17 translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ) is a growth and transformation suppressor .", "entities": [ "PML" ] }, { "id": "3493", "type": "gene", "text": "Our data define Ile ( 16 ) , Val ( 18 ) , Val ( 31 ) , and Ile ( 33 ) as crucial for protein S binding , with secondary effects from Leu ( 38 ) and Val ( 39 ) .", "entities": [ "protein S" ] }, { "id": "3494", "type": "gene", "text": "In the yeast two - hybrid assays , PNRC interacted with the orphan receptors SF1 and ERRalpha1 in a ligand - independent manner .", "entities": [ "PNRC", "SF1", "ERRalpha1" ] }, { "id": "3495", "type": "gene", "text": "Nuclear export of proteins in plants : AtXPO1 is the export receptor for leucine - rich nuclear export signals in Arabidopsis thaliana .", "entities": [ "AtXPO1" ] }, { "id": "3496", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , CR2 possesses an essential function besides pRb - binding .", "entities": [ "CR2", "pRb" ] }, { "id": "3498", "type": "gene", "text": "Nitroglycerin ( glyceryl trinitrate ) as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor .", "entities": [ "monoamine oxidase" ] }, { "id": "3502", "type": "gene", "text": "K562 erythroleukemia cells stably transfected with constructs containing the human Agamma - globin promoter linked to an enhanced green fluorescent protein ( EGFP ) reporter , with or without HS2 , were analyzed for EGFP expression by flow cytometry .", "entities": [ "human Agamma - globin promoter", "enhanced green fluorescent protein", "EGFP", "EGFP" ] }, { "id": "3503", "type": "gene", "text": "Gastrin stimulates transcription of the human histidine decarboxylase ( HDC ) gene through binding to the G - protein - coupled cholecystokinin - B / gastrin receptor .", "entities": [ "Gastrin", "human histidine decarboxylase", "HDC", "G - protein", "cholecystokinin - B", "gastrin receptor" ] }, { "id": "3504", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we report the isolation of a new spindle checkpoint gene , mph1 ( Mps1p - like pombe homolog ) , in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe , that is required for checkpoint activation in response to spindle defects .", "entities": [ "mph1", "Mps1p - like pombe homolog" ] }, { "id": "3505", "type": "gene", "text": "mph1 functions upstream of mad2 , a previously characterized component of the spindle checkpoint .", "entities": [ "mph1", "mad2" ] }, { "id": "3506", "type": "gene", "text": "Hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF ) is an inducible cytokine that is essential for the normal growth and development of various tissues , such as the liver .", "entities": [ "Hepatocyte growth factor", "HGF" ] }, { "id": "3508", "type": "gene", "text": "Reduced concentrations of antithrombin III , plasminogen , ( free ) protein S , and protein C were found in some patients but were not associated with either thrombosis or lupus anticoagulant .", "entities": [ "antithrombin III", "plasminogen", "protein S", "protein C" ] }, { "id": "3510", "type": "gene", "text": "Structure and chromosomal localization of the human gene of the phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator ( PTPA ) of protein phosphatase 2A .", "entities": [ "phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator", "PTPA", "protein phosphatase 2A" ] }, { "id": "3514", "type": "gene", "text": "These transcripts directed the synthesis of three proteins : the virus trans - activator protein ( EIAV Tat ) encoded by ORF S1 , a protein of unknown function encoded by ORF S2 , and the virus envelope glycoprotein .", "entities": [ "virus trans - activator protein", "EIAV Tat", "envelope glycoprotein" ] }, { "id": "3517", "type": "gene", "text": "We therefore investigated whether the promoter activity of the mouse TRH gene is directly regulated by RA using a transient transfection assay into CV - 1 cells .", "entities": [ "mouse TRH gene" ] }, { "id": "3519", "type": "gene", "text": "The unusual properties of TRAC activity and its relationship , if any , with the enigmatic Ku protein , are discussed .", "entities": [ "TRAC", "Ku protein" ] }, { "id": "3523", "type": "gene", "text": "We have isolated and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of another operon , cpeCD , that encodes the linker proteins associated with phycoerythrin hexamers in the phycobilisome .", "entities": [ "cpeCD", "phycoerythrin hexamers", "phycobilisome" ] }, { "id": "3524", "type": "gene", "text": "A . thaliana cystathionine beta - lyase exhibits 22 % sequence identity with the E . coli corresponding enzyme and contains a 70 amino acid N - terminal additional sequence compared with the bacterial protein .", "entities": [ "A . thaliana cystathionine beta - lyase" ] }, { "id": "3525", "type": "gene", "text": "The enzyme ACC oxidase catalyses the last step of ethylene biosynthesis in plants , converting 1 - aminocyclopropane - 1 - carboxylic acid ( ACC ) to ethylene .", "entities": [ "enzyme ACC oxidase" ] }, { "id": "3529", "type": "gene", "text": "When expressed in thymidine kinase - deficient L cells or 3T3 cells , C / EBPalpha is detected in a protein complex which binds to the E2F binding sites found in the promoters of the genes for E2F - 1 and dihydrofolate reductase ( DHFR ) .", "entities": [ "thymidine kinase", "C / EBPalpha", "E2F binding sites", "E2F - 1", "dihydrofolate reductase", "DHFR" ] }, { "id": "3530", "type": "gene", "text": "Members of the CRE - binding protein ( CREB ) / activating transcription factor transcription family as well as members of the Jun / Fos family have been shown to bind to this sequence .", "entities": [ "CRE - binding protein", "CREB", "activating transcription factor", "Jun", "Fos" ] }, { "id": "3531", "type": "gene", "text": "Csk ( C - terminal Src kinase ) is a protein tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates Src family member C - terminal tails , resulting in downregulation of Src family members .", "entities": [ "Csk", "C - terminal Src kinase", "protein tyrosine kinase", "Src family member C - terminal tails", "Src" ] }, { "id": "3532", "type": "gene", "text": "Role of double - stranded RNA - dependent protein kinase in mediating hypersensitivity of Fanconi anemia complementation group C cells to interferon gamma , tumor necrosis factor - alpha , and double - stranded RNA .", "entities": [ "double - stranded RNA - dependent protein kinase", "interferon gamma", "tumor necrosis factor - alpha" ] }, { "id": "3535", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results suggest a dose - dependent activity of lysine vasopressin on the EEG , which might be similar to that observed in animal and man after administration of nicotine .", "entities": [ "lysine vasopressin" ] }, { "id": "3536", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations of the human PTEN gene .", "entities": [ "human PTEN gene" ] }, { "id": "3537", "type": "gene", "text": "Guanylyl cyclase C , the apparent guanylin receptor , was found in abundant amounts in the intestine by Northern analysis , and by the polymerase chain reaction or cDNA cloning it was also found in adrenal gland , airway epithelial cells , brain , and olfactory and tracheal mucosa .", "entities": [ "Guanylyl cyclase C", "guanylin receptor" ] }, { "id": "3538", "type": "gene", "text": "In the present study we have used Southern blot analysis to demonstrate that TSG6 is a single - copy gene in the human and murine species .", "entities": [ "TSG6" ] }, { "id": "3539", "type": "gene", "text": "Reaction of aromatic / heterocyclic sulfonamides possessing free amino , imino or hydrazino moieties with 7 - chloro - 4 - chloromethylcoumarin afforded a series of N - [ ( 7 - chloro - 4 - coumarinyl ) - methyl ] - derivatives which showed effective inhibition of three carbonic anhydrase ( CA ) isozymes .", "entities": [ "carbonic anhydrase", "CA" ] }, { "id": "3541", "type": "gene", "text": "The Polycomb group proteins are involved in maintenance of the silenced state of several developmentally regulated genes .", "entities": [ "Polycomb group proteins" ] }, { "id": "3542", "type": "gene", "text": "Uncertainty exists about the function of these potential isoforms of the Cbfa1 gene .", "entities": [ "Cbfa1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3544", "type": "gene", "text": "Human CD38 , a leukocyte receptor and ectoenzyme , is a member of a novel eukaryotic gene family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + - converting enzymes : extensive structural homology with the genes for murine bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 and aplysian ADP - ribosyl cyclase .", "entities": [ "Human CD38", "nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + - converting enzymes", "murine bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1", "aplysian ADP - ribosyl cyclase" ] }, { "id": "3545", "type": "gene", "text": "It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP / GTP ratio , Raf enhances the GEF - stimulated GDP / GTP exchange on Ha - Ras , in agreement with the sequestration of Ras . GTP by Raf .", "entities": [ "Raf", "GEF", "Ha - Ras", "Ras . GTP", "Raf" ] }, { "id": "3546", "type": "gene", "text": "When O - 2A / c - myc cells underwent terminal differentiation APprog complexes were lost and conventional AP - 1 DNA - binding activity became evident , particularly in astrocytes .", "entities": [ "c - myc", "APprog complexes", "AP - 1" ] }, { "id": "3547", "type": "gene", "text": "From the deduced amino acid sequence , a molecular weight of 38 , 549 was calculated for the ADH subunit .", "entities": [ "ADH subunit" ] }, { "id": "3550", "type": "gene", "text": "TAF - 1 activates transcription constitutively and was mapped to the first 32 amino acids of the A - region .", "entities": [ "TAF - 1" ] }, { "id": "3557", "type": "gene", "text": "The cDNA is predicted to encode a polypeptide of 298 amino acids that is homologous to the Y - box ( inverted CCAAT ) family of DNA - binding transcription factors .", "entities": [ "Y - box ( inverted CCAAT ) family of DNA - binding transcription factors" ] }, { "id": "3558", "type": "gene", "text": "Toward this end , we used two cultured colon cancer cell lines ; one ( RKO ) has a transcriptionally activated u - PAR gene , and the other ( GEO ) overexpresses the receptor only after phorbol ester treatment .", "entities": [ "u - PAR gene" ] }, { "id": "3559", "type": "gene", "text": "Site - directed mutagenesis of the conserved cysteine residue ( tom1C3235A ) in the hect - domain , supposed to be necessary for thioester - bond formation with ubiquitin , abolished the gene function .", "entities": [ "tom1C3235A", "hect - domain", "ubiquitin" ] }, { "id": "3560", "type": "gene", "text": "The two yeast pheromone receptors , the a and alpha - factor receptors , share many functional similarities : both G protein - coupled receptors couple to the same downstream signal transduction pathway , and both receptors undergo feedback regulation involving increased phosphorylation on their C - terminal domains in response to ligand challenge .", "entities": [ "yeast pheromone receptors", "a and alpha - factor receptors", "G protein - coupled receptors" ] }, { "id": "3561", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , the formation of the complex between IclR and the operator / promoter region has been found to be impaired by phosphoenol pyruvate but insensitive to acetate , acetyl - CoA , pyruvate , and oxaloacetate .", "entities": [ "IclR" ] }, { "id": "3563", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression pattern of the reporter gene was compared to that of the endogenous PDGFbeta r gene .", "entities": [ "endogenous PDGFbeta r gene" ] }, { "id": "3564", "type": "gene", "text": "The two SH3 domains are separated by a 54 amino acid linker region , whose length is highly conserved in xenopus , chicken , and mamalian Crk II proteins .", "entities": [ "SH3 domains", "mamalian Crk II proteins" ] }, { "id": "3565", "type": "gene", "text": "This complex was eliminated by mutation of either half - site , and it was supershifted by antibodies against chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter - transcription factor ( COUP - TF ) .", "entities": [ "chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter - transcription factor", "COUP - TF" ] }, { "id": "3566", "type": "gene", "text": "The fz - 1 and fz - 2 genes are widely expressed in rat tissues with the highest steady - state levels of mRNA in kidney , liver , heart , uterus , and ovary .", "entities": [ "fz - 1", "fz - 2 genes" ] }, { "id": "3567", "type": "gene", "text": "fz - 1 and - 2 mRNA levels were greater in neonatal than in corresponding adult tissues .", "entities": [ "fz - 1 and - 2 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3571", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we establish that the heteromeric CCAAT - binding factor CBF is the major component of the C1 - binding factor ( C1F ) in human cells .", "entities": [ "CBF", "C1 - binding factor", "C1F" ] }, { "id": "3572", "type": "gene", "text": "A 40 - fold stimulation of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity mediated by four tandem repeats of the SNE could be induced within 2 h ( and up to 250 - fold within 6 h ) after addition of TPA in DNA - transfected U - 937 cells , indicating that the stimulation appeared likely to be a true protein kinase C - mediated signal transduction event rather than a differentiation response .", "entities": [ "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "SNE", "protein kinase C" ] }, { "id": "3574", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion mutants of the human CHOP promoter identify a region comprising nucleotides - 75 to - 104 required for both constitutive and ER - stress - inducible expression .", "entities": [ "human CHOP promoter" ] }, { "id": "3578", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , an N - terminal RNAP mutant that has a decreased capacity to bind single - stranded RNA forms halted complexes with much lower levels of stability than the WT enzyme , and these complexes are not stabilized by the presence of the NT strand .", "entities": [ "N - terminal RNAP mutant" ] }, { "id": "3580", "type": "gene", "text": "A mouse brain cDNA library in lambdagt11 was screened for this association , and two positive clones encoding tyrosine phosphatase SH - PTP2 were isolated .", "entities": [ "SH - PTP2" ] }, { "id": "3581", "type": "gene", "text": "Disorganization scores of the hypertrophy zone and trabecular bone were low , approaching normal ( P < 0 . 05 ) , for turkey poults fed on diets with phytase supplementation , and tibial abnormality scores were linearly decreased ( P < 0 . 001 ) as nP levels increased ( zero score is considered normal ) .", "entities": [ "phytase" ] }, { "id": "3582", "type": "gene", "text": "Repression was strictly dependent on the presence of upstream Oshox1 binding sites in the reporter gene constructs and a function of the N - terminal region of Oshox1 , preceding the homeodomain .", "entities": [ "Oshox1", "Oshox1", "homeodomain" ] }, { "id": "3584", "type": "gene", "text": "To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which the Ras signaling pathway activates a cell - type - specific gene , we have used the pituitary - specific rat prolactin ( rPRL ) promoter as a target of oncogenic Ras and Raf in GH4 rat pituitary cells .", "entities": [ "Ras", "pituitary - specific rat prolactin", "rPRL", "oncogenic Ras", "Raf" ] }, { "id": "3585", "type": "gene", "text": "The human RFC - 1 gene differs from the mouse and hamster genes both in terms of the total number of exons and in regard to alternatives of exon 1 which encode 5 ' end heterogeneity .", "entities": [ "RFC - 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3587", "type": "gene", "text": "HGF treatment increased cyclin A , cyclin G1 and nuclear transcriptional factor ( NFkappaB ) protein expression .", "entities": [ "HGF", "cyclin A", "cyclin G1", "NFkappaB" ] }, { "id": "3591", "type": "gene", "text": "The 1 . 6 - kb cDNA ( CBF - A ) encoding 285 amino acids ( aa ) was obtained , and a beta - galactosidase fusion protein , bacterially produced from the cDNA , bound to DNA fragments containing several CArG boxes .", "entities": [ "CBF - A", "beta - galactosidase fusion protein" ] }, { "id": "3592", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutant M proteins were tested for their ability to complement growth of the temperature - sensitive M protein mutant virus tsO23 at the nonpermissive temperature .", "entities": [ "Mutant M proteins", "M protein mutant" ] }, { "id": "3594", "type": "gene", "text": "The yjr041c delta haploid cells gave rise to microcolonies comprising about 20 to 50 cells .", "entities": [ "yjr041c delta" ] }, { "id": "3595", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite these high initial rates of transcription , of all the promoter constructs only LAT - LTR was able to remain transcriptionally active after the establishment of a latent state .", "entities": [ "LAT" ] }, { "id": "3596", "type": "gene", "text": "Two mutants , mapping at the HindIII site ( between the consensus sequences ) of the pSC101 tetA promoter , were studied : MA2 corresponds to a 4 bp deletion between positions - 12 and - 15 ; B30 bears a 44 bp insertion C ( TA ) 21 G at the HindIII site .", "entities": [ "HindIII site", "pSC101 tetA promoter", "HindIII site" ] }, { "id": "3599", "type": "gene", "text": "Effects of timepidium bromide ( TB ; anticholinergic agent ) , acetylcholine ( ACh ) and neostigmine ( Neost ) on gastric and duodenal blood flow distribution were studied by the use of 131I - labeled macroaggregated human serum albumin ( MAA ) in rabbits .", "entities": [ "MAA" ] }, { "id": "3601", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the footprint patterns of the mouse and human HPRT genes demonstrated that the in vivo binding of regulatory proteins between these species is generally conserved but not identical .", "entities": [ "mouse and human HPRT genes" ] }, { "id": "3603", "type": "gene", "text": "Our Northern and Southern blot analyses of meningiomas clearly suggest the CLH - 22 gene may be involved in the tumor development and can be considered as a candidate for a tumor suppressor .", "entities": [ "CLH - 22 gene" ] }, { "id": "3609", "type": "gene", "text": "The c - Jun delta - domain inhibits neuroendocrine promoter activity in a DNA sequence - and pituitary - specific manner .", "entities": [ "c - Jun delta - domain" ] }, { "id": "3620", "type": "gene", "text": "The liver - specific sequence contains unique consensus sites for phosphorylation by cyclic AMP - dependent protein kinase and by protein kinase C .", "entities": [ "cyclic AMP - dependent protein kinase", "protein kinase C" ] }, { "id": "3623", "type": "gene", "text": "The Valpha and Vbeta domains have the canonical features of known teleost and mammalian TCR V domains , including conserved residues in the beginning of FR2 and at the end of FR3 .", "entities": [ "Valpha", "Vbeta domains", "teleost and mammalian TCR V domains", "FR2", "FR3" ] }, { "id": "3631", "type": "gene", "text": "The exact function of IP - 30 is not yet known , but it may play a role in gamma - interferon mediated immune reactions .", "entities": [ "IP - 30", "gamma - interferon" ] }, { "id": "3633", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we demonstrate that FRS2 forms a complex with the N - terminal SH2 domain of the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in response to FGF stimulation .", "entities": [ "FRS2", "N - terminal SH2 domain", "protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2", "FGF" ] }, { "id": "3635", "type": "gene", "text": "The H5 mutants were : DH5 ( all amino acids in D configuration ) and H5F ( where all His are replaced by Phe at positions 3 , 7 , 8 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 21 ) .", "entities": [ "H5 mutants", "DH5", "H5F" ] }, { "id": "3637", "type": "gene", "text": "These results establish that the DNA fragment we have isolated contains the human gp130 promoter and that interleukin - 6 type cytokines may influence the activity of this promoter via activated STATs .", "entities": [ "human gp130 promoter", "interleukin - 6 type cytokines", "STATs" ] }, { "id": "3638", "type": "gene", "text": "When targeted to the GAL1 promoter by fusing with the Gal4p DNA - binding domain , Sko1p acts as an Ssn6 / Tup1p - dependent repressor regulated by osmotic stress .", "entities": [ "GAL1 promoter", "Gal4p DNA - binding domain", "Sko1p", "Ssn6", "Tup1p" ] }, { "id": "3639", "type": "gene", "text": "The unexpected prevalence of c - myc and alpha - tubulin in the S - phase library is supported by Northern analysis of RNA from phase - synchronous cells .", "entities": [ "c - myc", "alpha - tubulin" ] }, { "id": "3640", "type": "gene", "text": "Growth factors promote cell survival through phosphorylation of Bad , resulting in its dissociation from Bcl - 2 and Bcl - x ( L ) and its association with 14 - 3 - 3tau .", "entities": [ "Bad", "Bcl - 2", "Bcl - x ( L )", "14 - 3 - 3tau" ] }, { "id": "3643", "type": "gene", "text": "However , in each case in which either the DQ alpha - or DQ beta - chain was exchanged , major alterations or reversals of this pattern of interaction were observed .", "entities": [ "DQ alpha - or DQ beta - chain" ] }, { "id": "3644", "type": "gene", "text": "Only the native structure of phosphorylated ERK was recognized by VHR and was inactivated with a second - order rate constant of 40 , 000 M - 1 s - 1 .", "entities": [ "ERK", "VHR" ] }, { "id": "3647", "type": "gene", "text": "We used an immobilized template - based assay to examine transcription termination by VA1 , 7SL , and Alu class III templates and the role of transcript release in the pol III terminator - dependent inhibition of processing of B1 - Alu transcripts .", "entities": [ "VA1", "7SL", "Alu class III", "pol III", "B1", "Alu" ] }, { "id": "3649", "type": "gene", "text": "Although IL - 6 can activate ERK - 1 in HepG2 cells , STAT3 transactivation and Ser ( 727 ) phosphorylation were not reduced by using the MAP kinase / ERK kinase ( MEK ) inhibitor PD98059 or by overexpression of dominant - negative Raf .", "entities": [ "IL - 6", "ERK - 1", "STAT3", "MAP kinase", "ERK kinase", "MEK", "Raf" ] }, { "id": "3652", "type": "gene", "text": "Joint ultrasonography demonstrating thickening of synoviae and tendons has become a useful non - invasive diagnostic tool , although it is not specific for beta 2 - M amyloidosis , and results depend on observer experience .", "entities": [ "beta 2 - M" ] }, { "id": "3653", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunofluorescence tests for Borrelia burgdorferi serum antibodies had positive results , but G - penicillin treatment was ineffective .", "entities": [ "Borrelia burgdorferi serum antibodies" ] }, { "id": "3655", "type": "gene", "text": "Nuclear runoff assays show that complementation by HPV16 E7 restores the ability of the E1A mutants to stimulate early gene expression at the level of transcription .", "entities": [ "HPV16 E7", "E1A mutants", "early gene" ] }, { "id": "3656", "type": "gene", "text": "Yet IL - 2 and IFN - gamma production are independently regulated , as demonstrated by their differential expression in certain T cell subsets , suggesting that the regulatory elements in these two genes must differ .", "entities": [ "IL - 2", "IFN - gamma" ] }, { "id": "3657", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that a 0 . 25 mg dose of triazolam does not effectively counteract a posture - induced sleep disturbance , but induces changes in the EEG spectra which are typical for benzodiazepine receptor agonists .", "entities": [ "benzodiazepine receptor" ] }, { "id": "3660", "type": "gene", "text": "Functional uncoupling of the Janus kinase 3 - Stat5 pathway in malignant growth of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 - transformed human T cells .", "entities": [ "Janus kinase 3", "Stat5" ] }, { "id": "3661", "type": "gene", "text": "The herpesvirus entry mediator C ( HveC ) , previously known as poliovirus receptor - related protein 1 ( PRR1 ) , and the herpesvirus Ig - like receptor ( HIgR ) are the bona fide receptors employed by herpes simplex virus - 1 and - 2 ( HSV - 1 and - 2 ) for entry into the human cell lines most frequently used in HSV studies .", "entities": [ "herpesvirus entry mediator C", "HveC", "poliovirus receptor - related protein 1", "PRR1", "herpesvirus Ig - like receptor", "HIgR" ] }, { "id": "3662", "type": "gene", "text": "4 - Hydroxyproline assays were performed to determine collagen content .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "3663", "type": "gene", "text": "The combination of ICP47 and US11 rendered fibroblasts negative for surface class I MHC and allowed a class I MHC - low population of T cells to be sorted by flow cytometry .", "entities": [ "ICP47", "US11", "surface class I MHC", "class I MHC" ] }, { "id": "3664", "type": "gene", "text": "Although IRS - 1 , - 2 , and - 4 are similar in overall structure , IRS - 3 is approximately 50 % shorter and differs with respect to sites of tyrosine phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "IRS - 1 , - 2 , and - 4", "IRS - 3" ] }, { "id": "3666", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , we mapped a putative hnRNP A1 binding site in U5 RNA and demonstrated that p40CRS ( hnRNP A1 ) binding to that site correlates with CRS function .", "entities": [ "hnRNP A1 binding site", "U5 RNA", "p40CRS", "hnRNP A1", "CRS" ] }, { "id": "3669", "type": "gene", "text": "This element was required for both basal and activated expression and almost certainly functions as a TATA - binding protein interaction site .", "entities": [ "TATA - binding protein" ] }, { "id": "3670", "type": "gene", "text": "In HepG2 cells , SREBP - 1c mRNA and precursor protein levels were induced by treatment with 22 ( R ) - hydroxycholesterol and 9 - cis - retinoic acid , confirming that endogenous LXR - RXR activation can induce endogenous SREBP - 1c expression .", "entities": [ "SREBP - 1c mRNA", "LXR", "RXR", "endogenous SREBP - 1c" ] }, { "id": "3672", "type": "gene", "text": "This integration results in the production of MMTV / mdr3 fusion transcripts that originate from the antisense 5 ' LTR of the provirus .", "entities": [ "MMTV / mdr3 fusion transcripts", "5 ' LTR" ] }, { "id": "3674", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence comparisons reveal that the P . woesei GTP - binding protein is strikingly related in sequence to eubacterial FtsZ and is marginally more similar to eukaryotic tubulins than are bacterial FtsZ proteins .", "entities": [ "P . woesei GTP - binding protein", "eubacterial FtsZ", "eukaryotic tubulins", "bacterial FtsZ proteins" ] }, { "id": "3675", "type": "gene", "text": "Four of 15 patients with R2 had rheumatoid arthritis and in two of these four cases the antibody was of the IgA class .", "entities": [ "R2", "IgA" ] }, { "id": "3677", "type": "gene", "text": "Vav and Dbl are members of a novel class of oncogene proteins that share significant sequence identity in a approximately 250 - amino - acid domain , designated the Dbl homology domain .", "entities": [ "Vav", "Dbl", "Dbl homology domain" ] }, { "id": "3678", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum AFP is a useful tumor marker for monitoring the results of therapy .", "entities": [ "AFP" ] }, { "id": "3682", "type": "gene", "text": "Unlike LANA1 , LANA2 does not elicit a serologic response from patients with KS , PEL , or CD as measured by Western blot hybridization .", "entities": [ "LANA1", "LANA2" ] }, { "id": "3683", "type": "gene", "text": "However , this posttranslational modification of the gar2 protein does not appear to be essential for normal production of 18S rRNA .", "entities": [ "gar2 protein", "18S rRNA" ] }, { "id": "3684", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we analyzed the interaction of CYT - 18 with a small RNA ( P4 - P6 RNA ) corresponding to the isolated P4 - P6 domain of the N . crassa mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA intron .", "entities": [ "CYT - 18", "P4 - P6 RNA", "P4 - P6 domain", "N . crassa mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA intron" ] }, { "id": "3685", "type": "gene", "text": "The deduced amino acid sequence of PutR ( 154 amino acid residues ) showed homology to the small regulatory proteins Lrp , BkdR , and AsnC .", "entities": [ "PutR", "Lrp", "BkdR", "AsnC" ] }, { "id": "3686", "type": "gene", "text": "When yeast cells reach a critical size in late G1 they simultaneously start budding , initiate DNA synthesis , and activate transcription of a set of genes that includes G1 cyclins CLN1 , CLN2 , and many DNA synthesis genes .", "entities": [ "CLN1", "CLN2" ] }, { "id": "3689", "type": "gene", "text": "Accordingly , superpeptide antigenic material was readily detected by immunoblotting cell extracts and enriched in vacuolar preparations of PrA deficient mutant cells .", "entities": [ "PrA" ] }, { "id": "3690", "type": "gene", "text": "Blockade of T cell activation using a surface - linked single - chain antibody to CTLA - 4 ( CD152 ) .", "entities": [ "CTLA - 4", "CD152" ] }, { "id": "3692", "type": "gene", "text": "4 ) Mutation of the three extracellular cysteine residues of GFKAR beta indicated that the two conserved cysteine residues ( C305 and C385 ) , located between two transmembrane segments , form a solvent - accessible disulfide bond .", "entities": [ "GFKAR beta" ] }, { "id": "3693", "type": "gene", "text": "In this work , we have used Xenopus oocyte maturation as a read - out for examining the ability of the neu tyrosine kinase ( p185neu ) to participate with the epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor in a common signal transduction pathway .", "entities": [ "tyrosine kinase", "p185neu", "epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) receptor" ] }, { "id": "3694", "type": "gene", "text": "The best - studied neurotrophin , nerve growth factor ( NGF ) , is a major survival factor in sympathetic and sensory neurons and promotes differentiation in a well - studied model system , PC12 cells .", "entities": [ "nerve growth factor", "NGF" ] }, { "id": "3695", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , MAPK activation stimulated by the Gq - coupled alpha 1B AR or M1 muscarinic cholinergic receptor is unaffected by expression of beta ARKct or RasN17 expression or by PTK inhibitors , but is blocked by expression of N delta Raf or by PKC depletion .", "entities": [ "MAPK", "Gq", "muscarinic cholinergic receptor", "beta ARKct", "RasN17", "PTK", "N delta Raf", "PKC" ] }, { "id": "3696", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcriptional analysis indicates that human TBP functions poorly at promoters recognized by RNA polymerases I and III and at RNA Pol II promoters lacking a conventional TATA element .", "entities": [ "human TBP", "RNA polymerases I and III", "RNA Pol II promoters" ] }, { "id": "3697", "type": "gene", "text": "The steady - state levels of Cdk2 , Cdk4 and Cyclin A proteins were unaffected by HPR , while those of Cyclin D1 were significantly reduced in all three cell lines .", "entities": [ "Cdk2", "Cdk4", "Cyclin A proteins", "Cyclin D1" ] }, { "id": "3698", "type": "gene", "text": "Mapping the 5 ' and 3 ' termini of TED RNAs indicated that the LTRs have a retroviral U3 - R - U5 structural organization that is capable of directing the synthesis of transcripts that represent potential substrates for reverse transcription and intermediates in transposition .", "entities": [ "TED RNAs" ] }, { "id": "3700", "type": "gene", "text": "These proteins were detected by an antibody which recognizes the N - terminus of SRK3 and , in an F2 progeny segregating for the S3 haplotype , were only expressed in plants possessing the S3 haplotype .", "entities": [ "SRK3", "S3 haplotype", "S3 haplotype" ] }, { "id": "3702", "type": "gene", "text": "The animals were followed over a 1 - to 6 - h posttraumatic course , and processed for the LM and TEM visualization of HRP .", "entities": [ "HRP" ] }, { "id": "3704", "type": "gene", "text": "Three experiments using 20 microM 2 - ( hydroxyamino ) - 1 - methyl - 6 - phenylimidazo [ 4 , 5 - b ] pyridine ( N - OH - PhIP ) were performed to induce mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase ( DHFR ) gene of a hemizygous Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) cell line ( UA21 ) .", "entities": [ "dihydrofolate reductase", "DHFR" ] }, { "id": "3706", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results separate these factors into four regulatory classes : ( i ) constitutive factors , such as Oct - 1 and probably Sp1 , that are expressed in thymocytes at all stages ; ( ii ) inducible factors , such as NF - kappa B and complexes binding to the region of a CD28 response element , that can be activated in all thymocytes , including those cells ( CD4 + CD8 + TcRlow ) that can undergo selection ; ( iii ) inducible factors , such as NF - AT and AP - 1 , that can be activated in mature ( CD4 + CD8 - TcRhigh ) and immature ( CD4 - CD8 - TcR - ) thymocytes alike but not in the transitional stages when the cells ( CD4 + CD8 + TcRlow ) are subject to selection ; and ( iv ) a factor containing CREB , which can be activated in thymocytes of all developmental stages by culture but does not require specific induction .", "entities": [ "Oct - 1", "Sp1", "NF - kappa B", "CD28 response element", "TcRlow", "NF - AT", "AP - 1", "TcRhigh", "TcR -", "TcRlow", "CREB" ] }, { "id": "3710", "type": "gene", "text": "Of these four PP2C genes , the expression of the PP2Cbeta gene has been reported to be tissue - specific and development - dependent .", "entities": [ "PP2C genes", "PP2Cbeta gene" ] }, { "id": "3711", "type": "gene", "text": "We also show that in fusions with the DNA binding domain of GAL4 , full activity requires the entire BHV - alpha TIF , although both amino and carboxyl termini display some activity on their own .", "entities": [ "GAL4", "BHV - alpha TIF" ] }, { "id": "3712", "type": "gene", "text": "The induction by dexamethasone of rat liver CYP3A1 differs from classical glucocorticoid gene regulation in part because both glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids such as pregnenolone 16 alpha - carbonitrile ( PCN ) induce CYP3A1 through transcriptional gene activation .", "entities": [ "rat liver CYP3A1", "CYP3A1" ] }, { "id": "3713", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , antibody binding to the same two determinants was also inhibited when ZAP - 70 or the SH2 domains bound to the zeta chain or to a 2pY - ITAM .", "entities": [ "ZAP - 70", "SH2 domains", "2pY - ITAM" ] }, { "id": "3716", "type": "gene", "text": "We examined the contribution of the M - MuLV enhancers to the transcriptional activity and pathogenesis of M - MuLV by constructing LTRs containing heterologous enhancer elements .", "entities": [ "M - MuLV enhancers" ] }, { "id": "3718", "type": "gene", "text": "The immunoreactive antithrombin III increased significantly while the increase in antithrombin III activity was insignificant in 20 male Caucasian Danes upon 3 weeks supplementation of the diet with 10 ml daily of a cod liver oil concentrate .", "entities": [ "antithrombin III", "antithrombin III" ] }, { "id": "3719", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis confirmed that ADAMTS - 1 was up - regulated in both metaphyseal ( 14 - to 35 - fold ) and diaphyseal ( 4 . 2 - fold ) bone 1 h after PTH - ( 1 - 38 ) injection and returned to control levels by 24 h .", "entities": [ "ADAMTS - 1", "PTH - ( 1 - 38 )" ] }, { "id": "3720", "type": "gene", "text": "The transcriptional transactivator ( Tas ) of simian foamy virus type 1 strongly augments gene expression directed by both the promoter in the viral long terminal repeat and the newly discovered internal promoter located within the env gene .", "entities": [ "transcriptional transactivator", "Tas", "env gene" ] }, { "id": "3722", "type": "gene", "text": "Deletion of this consensus element from the spo6 promoter abolished the transcription of spo6 + and resulted in a sporulation deficiency .", "entities": [ "spo6 promoter", "spo6 +" ] }, { "id": "3724", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations in the beta - galactosidase gene result in the lysosomal storage disorders GM1 - gangliosidosis and Morquio B syndrome .", "entities": [ "beta - galactosidase gene" ] }, { "id": "3726", "type": "gene", "text": "We have generated transgenic fly strains with mutations affecting specific TRA - 2 isoforms to investigate their individual roles in regulating the alternative processing of doublesex , exuperantia and tra - 2 pre - mRNA .", "entities": [ "TRA - 2 isoforms", "doublesex", "exuperantia", "tra - 2 pre - mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3727", "type": "gene", "text": "The IR4 ORF exhibits significant homology to the immediate - early gene US1 ( ICP22 ) of herpes simplex virus type 1 and to the ICP22 homologs of varicella - zoster virus ( ORF63 ) , pseudorabies virus ( RSp40 ) , and equine herpesvirus 4 ( ORF4 ) .", "entities": [ "US1", "ICP22", "ICP22", "ORF63", "RSp40" ] }, { "id": "3729", "type": "gene", "text": "We were able to demonstrate a significant statistical interaction effect between gender and globulin protein concentration on Vu ( p = 0 . 022 ) .", "entities": [ "globulin protein" ] }, { "id": "3732", "type": "gene", "text": "These include not only antioxidants , N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor antagonists , inhibitors of glutamate release , calcium channel blockers , polyamine antagonists , and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors , but cannabinoids , aspirin , melatonin , and vitamin B - 12 .", "entities": [ "N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor", "nitric oxide synthase" ] }, { "id": "3733", "type": "gene", "text": "A series of mutations were constructed within the E2 open reading frame which delete various regions of the conserved DNA binding and transactivation domains as well as the internal hinge region .", "entities": [ "E2" ] }, { "id": "3734", "type": "gene", "text": "CrkII and CrkL constitutively formed complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G , in unstimulated as well as PDGF - stimulated cells .", "entities": [ "CrkII", "CrkL", "C3G", "PDGF" ] }, { "id": "3735", "type": "gene", "text": "In further support of the biological significance of these DNA - protein interactions , the IL2RA oligonucleotide from - 291 to - 245 proved to be sufficient in either orientation to confer PMA inducibility to the mitogen - insensitive thymidine kinase gene promoter in Jurkat cells .", "entities": [ "IL2RA", "thymidine kinase gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "3738", "type": "gene", "text": "The RPC31 gene encoding the C31 subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase C ( III ) has been isolated , starting from a C - terminal fragment cloned on a lambda gt11 library .", "entities": [ "RPC31 gene", "C31 subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase C ( III )" ] }, { "id": "3739", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that sequences within this region bind members of the Sp1 family of transcription factors .", "entities": [ "Sp1 family of transcription factors" ] }, { "id": "3742", "type": "gene", "text": "Further studies aim at characterizing the trans - acting factors that mediate the spatial and temporal expression of Hox genes in the developing embryo .", "entities": [ "Hox genes" ] }, { "id": "3744", "type": "gene", "text": "As to the side effects of SISO , cylindruria with aggravation of microscopic hematuria and elevations of GOT , GPT and A1 - P were observed each one of them , respectively .", "entities": [ "GOT", "GPT", "A1 - P" ] }, { "id": "3745", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum C3 was measured in 1 , 282 school children with abnormal urinary findings between 1980 and 1997 .", "entities": [ "Serum C3" ] }, { "id": "3747", "type": "gene", "text": "Computer analysis revealed that the human protein P1 sequence corresponding to amino acid residues within the N - terminal RNA binding domain displays high homology ( greater than 54 % identity ; 61 to 94 % similarity ) with two animal virus proteins which possess RNA binding activity ( vaccinia virus E3L ; rotavirus VP2 ) and two proteins of unknown function ( murine TIK ; rotavirus NS34 ) , but which are likely RNA binding proteins .", "entities": [ "human protein P1 sequence", "vaccinia virus E3L", "rotavirus VP2", "murine TIK", "rotavirus NS34" ] }, { "id": "3748", "type": "gene", "text": "Determinants of recurrent ischaemia and revascularisation procedures after thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in primary coronary occlusion .", "entities": [ "tissue plasminogen activator" ] }, { "id": "3752", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , transfection of Grb10 genes with specific mutations in their SH2 domains induces apoptosis in HTC - IR and COS - 7 cells .", "entities": [ "Grb10 genes", "SH2 domains" ] }, { "id": "3754", "type": "gene", "text": "We have demonstrated that a putative HOX cofactor , PBX1A , participates in cooperative DNA binding with HOXA - 1 and the Deformed group protein HOXD - 4 .", "entities": [ "HOX cofactor", "PBX1A", "HOXA - 1", "Deformed", "HOXD - 4" ] }, { "id": "3755", "type": "gene", "text": "The CHL 1 ( CTF 1 ) gene product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for chromosome transmission and normal cell cycle progression in G2 / M .", "entities": [ "CHL 1", "CTF 1" ] }, { "id": "3756", "type": "gene", "text": "Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide - binding proteins ( G - proteins ) function as signal transducers for a variety of hormone - coupled enzyme and ion transport systems in eukaryotic cells .", "entities": [ "guanine nucleotide - binding proteins", "G - proteins" ] }, { "id": "3759", "type": "gene", "text": "There was a highly significant decrease in serum eosinophil cationic protein in patients with elevated AGA .", "entities": [ "serum eosinophil cationic protein", "AGA" ] }, { "id": "3760", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis revealed that Hv - p68 belongs to the large family of FAD - dependent glucose methanol choline oxidoreductases and that it shares significant sequence identity ( > 67 % ) with the alcohol oxidases of the methylotrophic yeasts .", "entities": [ "Hv - p68", "FAD - dependent glucose methanol choline oxidoreductases", "alcohol oxidases" ] }, { "id": "3762", "type": "gene", "text": "In the HIV LTR , this region has been demonstrated to have both positive and negative regulatory effects on HIV gene expression .", "entities": [ "HIV LTR" ] }, { "id": "3767", "type": "gene", "text": "Small t also inhibited the dephosphorylation of cAMP - dependent protein kinase ( PKA ) - phosphorylated CREB in rat liver nuclear extracts .", "entities": [ "Small t", "cAMP - dependent protein kinase", "PKA", "CREB" ] }, { "id": "3769", "type": "gene", "text": "Presently , we made chain pair switch , chimeric , and site mutant gamma delta TCRs and transfected them into TCR - mutant Jurkat T cells to examine the effects of changing the TCR gamma junctional region sequences on reactivity to prenyl pyrophosphate Ags .", "entities": [ "mutant gamma delta TCRs", "TCR gamma junctional region sequences", "prenyl pyrophosphate Ags" ] }, { "id": "3770", "type": "gene", "text": "Fos / Jun bound to an unacetylated nucleosome with only a 4 - to 5 - fold reduction in DNA binding affinity compared with naked DNA .", "entities": [ "Fos", "Jun" ] }, { "id": "3771", "type": "gene", "text": "Activated Ki - Ras suppresses 12 - O - tetradecanoylphorbol - 13 - acetate - induced activation of the c - Jun NH2 - terminal kinase pathway in human colon cancer cells .", "entities": [ "Activated Ki - Ras", "c - Jun NH2 - terminal kinase pathway" ] }, { "id": "3772", "type": "gene", "text": "Electromobility shift analysis using oligonucleotides encompassing the proximal , distal , and BED / AP - 1 - binding regions failed to demonstrate selective transactivation after CD2 signaling of LPMC .", "entities": [ "AP - 1", "CD2" ] }, { "id": "3773", "type": "gene", "text": "The present report shows that a cis - acting element between - 189 and - 175 bp , which binds thyroid transcription factor - 1 ( TTF - 1 ) , is involved in both activities .", "entities": [ "thyroid transcription factor - 1", "TTF - 1" ] }, { "id": "3774", "type": "gene", "text": "Increased platelet - derived growth factor production and intimal thickening during healing of Dacron grafts in a canine model .", "entities": [ "platelet - derived growth factor" ] }, { "id": "3775", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite their high degree of sequence similarity , all five RFC genes are essential for cell proliferation in S . cerevisiae .", "entities": [ "RFC genes" ] }, { "id": "3776", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , we show that ectopic expression of the E2A protein E12 in this macrophage line results in the induction of many B lineage genes , including EBF , IL7Ralpha , lambda5 , and Rag - 1 , and the ability to induce kappa light chain in response to mitogen .", "entities": [ "E12", "EBF", "IL7Ralpha", "lambda5", "Rag - 1", "kappa light chain" ] }, { "id": "3777", "type": "gene", "text": "Also , anti - HIV gp120 and anti - CD4 crosslinking induced a 10 - 15 - fold increase in levels of both PI 3 - and PI 4 - kinase activity in anti - CD4 precipitates .", "entities": [ "anti - HIV gp120", "anti - CD4", "PI 3 - and PI 4 - kinase", "anti - CD4" ] }, { "id": "3779", "type": "gene", "text": "One of the ORFs in the Methanococcus jannaschii genome possesses high similarity to the M . aeolicus ilvB , indicating that it is an authentic AHAS .", "entities": [ "M . aeolicus ilvB", "AHAS" ] }, { "id": "3783", "type": "gene", "text": "PRP20 is related , both in structure and function , to the RCC1 gene of mammals and the PIM1 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe , both of which appear to regulate entry into mitosis and chromosome condensation .", "entities": [ "PRP20", "RCC1 gene", "PIM1 gene" ] }, { "id": "3785", "type": "gene", "text": "A selective transcriptional induction system for mammalian cells based on Gal4 - estrogen receptor fusion proteins .", "entities": [ "Gal4", "estrogen receptor" ] }, { "id": "3786", "type": "gene", "text": "Kinase renaturation tests designed to detect reactivated protein kinases after electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gels revealed the presence of a 60 - kDa kinase in the washed immunoprecipitate obtained from liver cytosol using anti - AHR antibody ( IgG ) and protein A / G / agarose beads but not when a nonspecific IgG was used instead of anti - AHR antibody .", "entities": [ "anti - AHR antibody", "IgG", "IgG", "anti - AHR antibody" ] }, { "id": "3787", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoblotting using a phosphospecific anti - Src ( 416Y ) antibody showed a ceramide - induced increase in pp60 ( src ) tyrosine phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "phosphospecific anti - Src ( 416Y ) antibody", "pp60", "src" ] }, { "id": "3788", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , dominant negative Rac ( N17Rac1 ) inhibited JNK activation by Galpha12 in HEK293 cells as well as three other cell lines .", "entities": [ "dominant negative Rac", "N17Rac1", "JNK", "Galpha12" ] }, { "id": "3791", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that 1a , which also interacts independently with the ER and viral RNA , is a key organizer of RNA replication complex assembly .", "entities": [ "1a" ] }, { "id": "3792", "type": "gene", "text": "HrpE is similar to YscL of Yersinia spp .", "entities": [ "HrpE", "YscL" ] }, { "id": "3795", "type": "gene", "text": "The results indicate that expression of proU in E . coli is directed from two promoters , one ( P2 ) characterized earlier by other workers with the start site of transcription 60 nucleotides upstream of the initiation codon of the first structural gene ( proV ) , and the other ( P1 ) situated 250 nucleotides upstream of proV .", "entities": [ "proU", "proV", "proV" ] }, { "id": "3797", "type": "gene", "text": "Through interactions with the pre - mRNA and the CTD domain of the Polymerase II , SR proteins have been shown to regulate alternative splicing .", "entities": [ "Polymerase II", "SR proteins" ] }, { "id": "3801", "type": "gene", "text": "It also produces an NH2 terminus that corresponds to an equivalent NH2 terminus on the processed matrix form of the similar alpha1 ( XI ) chain , thus suggesting physiological significance .", "entities": [ "alpha1 ( XI ) chain" ] }, { "id": "3803", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of Msx - 1 and Msx - 2 has been studied during development of the osteoblast phenotype , but the role of Dlx in this context and in the regulation of bone - expressed genes is unknown .", "entities": [ "Msx - 1", "Msx - 2", "Dlx" ] }, { "id": "3805", "type": "gene", "text": "DESIGN : Activating protein - 1 ( AP - 1 ) and Tat - induced transcription were assessed using Jun and hybrid Tat / Jun - expression plasmids and reporter gene constructs which contained AP - 1 binding sites upstream of the rat prolactin TATAA element or an HIV - 1 LTR construct in which AP - 1 binding sites replaced the TAR element .", "entities": [ "Activating protein - 1", "AP - 1", "Tat", "Jun", "Tat", "Jun", "AP - 1 binding sites", "rat prolactin TATAA element", "HIV - 1 LTR construct", "AP - 1 binding sites" ] }, { "id": "3806", "type": "gene", "text": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits IFN - gamma transcriptional responses without inhibiting activation of STAT1 .", "entities": [ "IFN - gamma", "STAT1" ] }, { "id": "3807", "type": "gene", "text": "Rabbit KCC1 ( rbKCC1 ) and rat KCC1 ( rtKCC1 ) were cloned by screening rabbit kidney and rat brain cDNA libraries using homologous cDNA probes .", "entities": [ "Rabbit KCC1", "rbKCC1", "rat KCC1", "rtKCC1" ] }, { "id": "3809", "type": "gene", "text": "GH stimulated the activity of promoter fragments with 5 ' - ends between nucleotide ( nt ) - 2001 and nt - 653 by 1 . 9 - to 2 . 7 - fold .", "entities": [ "GH" ] }, { "id": "3810", "type": "gene", "text": "We have recently shown that induced expression of a CDK target site - deficient mutant , Op18 - S25A , S38A , blocks human cell lines during G2 / M transition .", "entities": [ "CDK", "Op18" ] }, { "id": "3811", "type": "gene", "text": "A protein which promotes DNA strand transfer between linear double - stranded M13mp19 DNA and single - stranded viral M13mp19 DNA has been isolated from recA - E . coli .", "entities": [ "recA -" ] }, { "id": "3814", "type": "gene", "text": "One day postoperatively , the mononuclear leukocyte beta 2 - receptor density decreased maximally by 45 + / - 11 % in the enflurane patients , and by 53 + / - 6 % in the neurolept patients .", "entities": [ "beta 2 - receptor" ] }, { "id": "3815", "type": "gene", "text": "The serum levels of cortisol and prolactin after nasal instillation of a suspension of vaginal exudate showed lower values than in control conditions ( nasal instillation of saline ) .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3816", "type": "gene", "text": "IgE antibody to twelve common food and inhalant allergens was measured by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) in the sera of thirteen atopic patients with one or more allergic disorders ( asthma occurring in eleven ; rhinitis in ten ; eczema in six ; urticaria in four ; mouth and gastro - intestinal symptoms in six ) , of twelve non - atopic patients with various clinical symptoms ( asthma in four ; rhinitis in four ; eczema in one ; urticaria in two ; mouth and gastro - intestinal symptoms in four ) and sixteen cord blood sera .", "entities": [ "IgE antibody" ] }, { "id": "3820", "type": "gene", "text": "Pendulin , a Drosophila protein with cell cycle - dependent nuclear localization , is required for normal cell proliferation .", "entities": [ "Pendulin" ] }, { "id": "3821", "type": "gene", "text": "Paradoxically there is a decrease in the level of soluble A beta secreted from the cells .", "entities": [ "soluble A beta" ] }, { "id": "3822", "type": "gene", "text": "Signaling through mitogen - activated protein kinase and Rac / Rho does not duplicate the effects of activated Ras on skeletal myogenesis .", "entities": [ "mitogen - activated protein kinase", "Rac", "Rho", "Ras" ] }, { "id": "3823", "type": "gene", "text": "Internalization of prolactin receptor and prolactin in transfected cells does not involve nuclear translocation .", "entities": [ "prolactin receptor", "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3824", "type": "gene", "text": "Using mammalian expression vectors ( pRSV - neo and pSV2 - neo ) , antisense constructs for perforin and granzyme B were independently electroporated into YT - INDY , a human non - MHC - restricted , IL - 2 - independent , cytotoxic lymphocyte .", "entities": [ "perforin", "granzyme B", "MHC", "IL - 2" ] }, { "id": "3825", "type": "gene", "text": "When expressed in Escherichia coli , SH - PTP2 displays tyrosine - specific phosphatase activity .", "entities": [ "SH - PTP2", "tyrosine - specific phosphatase" ] }, { "id": "3829", "type": "gene", "text": "The region surrounding the ZNF35 zinc finger protein gene on 3p21 is of particular interest , as this region of chromosome 3 is frequently involved in rearrangements and / or deletions associated with various human tumors including lung and renal carcinoma .", "entities": [ "ZNF35 zinc finger protein gene" ] }, { "id": "3830", "type": "gene", "text": "In the promoters of many immediate early genes , including c - fos , CArG DNA regulatory elements mediate basal constituitive expression and rapid and transient serum induction .", "entities": [ "immediate early genes", "c - fos" ] }, { "id": "3831", "type": "gene", "text": "The biological activity of these mutants was tested by determining their capacity to ( i ) reconstitute RNA polymerase activity in vivo by cotransfection with proteins NP , PB1 , and PA and a virion - like RNA encoding the cat gene into vaccinia virus T7 - infected COS - 1 cells and ( ii ) complete with the wild - type PB2 activity .", "entities": [ "RNA polymerase", "NP", "PB1", "PA", "cat", "wild - type PB2" ] }, { "id": "3833", "type": "gene", "text": "We were unable to construct chvI or chvG insertion mutants of R . meliloti , whereas mutants carrying insertions outside of these genes were readily obtained .", "entities": [ "chvI", "chvG insertion mutants" ] }, { "id": "3834", "type": "gene", "text": "Western blot analyses reveals that cJun and the C / EBP family member C / EBP - beta are physiologically relevant transcription factors whose expression corresponds with mda - 7 mRNA expression .", "entities": [ "cJun", "C / EBP - beta", "mda - 7 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "3835", "type": "gene", "text": "In isolated olfactory cilia certain odorants elicit a rapid and transient cAMP response , terminated by a concerted process which requires the action of two protein kinases , protein kinase A ( PKA ) and a receptor - specific kinase ( GRK3 ) ( Schleicher , S . , Boekhoff , I .", "entities": [ "protein kinase A", "PKA", "receptor - specific kinase", "GRK3" ] }, { "id": "3836", "type": "gene", "text": "Acetyl - CoA carboxylase from yeast is an essential enzyme and is regulated by factors that control phospholipid metabolism .", "entities": [ "Acetyl - CoA carboxylase" ] }, { "id": "3837", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate the role of this domain in the incorporation of the SIV Env into virions , we generated a series of SIV Env mutants carrying small in - frame deletions within the cytoplasmic domain .", "entities": [ "SIV Env", "SIV Env mutants" ] }, { "id": "3839", "type": "gene", "text": "Minute virus of mice NS1 , an 83 - kDa mainly nuclear phosphoprotein , is the only viral nonstructural protein required in all cell types and it is involved in multiple processes necessary for virus propagation .", "entities": [ "Minute virus of mice NS1" ] }, { "id": "3841", "type": "gene", "text": "However , the sequence of mRAR - beta 3 region A differs from that of mRAR - beta 1 by an additional 27 C - terminal amino acids encoded in an 81 nucleotide - long putative exon which is spliced in between the exons encoding the A and B regions of mRAR - beta 1 .", "entities": [ "mRAR - beta 3 region A", "mRAR - beta 1", "A and B regions of mRAR - beta 1" ] }, { "id": "3842", "type": "gene", "text": "We propose that GCD7 and GCD2 play important roles in the regulatory interaction between eIF - 2 and eIF - 2B and that the suppressor mutations we isolated in these genes decrease the susceptibility of eIF - 2B to the inhibitory effects of phosphorylated eIF - 2 without impairing the essential catalytic function of eIF - 2B in translation initiation .", "entities": [ "GCD7", "GCD2", "eIF - 2", "eIF - 2B", "eIF - 2B", "eIF - 2", "eIF - 2B" ] }, { "id": "3843", "type": "gene", "text": "The 3 ' region of the transcript contained a fully conserved , correctly spliced TCR alpha C region which was polyadenylated at the 3 ' end .", "entities": [ "TCR alpha C region" ] }, { "id": "3844", "type": "gene", "text": "These data demonstrate that CCTalpha can be regulated by lipids by two independent domains : ( i ) the three amphipathic alpha - helical repeats that interact with both neutral and anionic lipid mixtures and ( ii ) the last 57 residues that interact with anionic lipids .", "entities": [ "CCTalpha" ] }, { "id": "3845", "type": "gene", "text": "Sorting information to the chloroplastic inner envelope is contained in an NH2 - proximal part of mature IEP110 ( 110N ) .", "entities": [ "mature IEP110", "110N" ] }, { "id": "3849", "type": "gene", "text": "Lack of changes in milk production and milk composition suggest that acute increases in somatotropin with concomitant increases in insulin are not sufficient to stimulate synthesis of milk and milk components by cows during established lactation .", "entities": [ "somatotropin", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "3851", "type": "gene", "text": "Iomazenil - SPECT revealed a highly significant increase in the benzodiazepine receptor uptake in all studied cortical regions except temporal cortices .", "entities": [ "benzodiazepine receptor" ] }, { "id": "3853", "type": "gene", "text": "Since RIP140 generally down - regulates receptor activity in mammalian cells and specifically down - regulates coactivation mediated by SRC - 1 , we propose a model in which RIP140 indirectly regulates nuclear receptor AF - 2 activity by competition for coactivators such as SRC - 1 .", "entities": [ "RIP140", "SRC - 1", "RIP140", "nuclear receptor AF - 2", "SRC - 1" ] }, { "id": "3855", "type": "gene", "text": "As in the case of the chicken homologue , there are two hPR forms , A and B , which originate from translational initiation at AUG2 ( codon 165 ) and AUG1 , respectively .", "entities": [ "hPR" ] }, { "id": "3859", "type": "gene", "text": "In cells stably transfected with G alpha i - 2 or G alpha i - 3 gene 5 ' - flanking sequences fused to firefly luciferase cDNA reporter , temporal 10 - 15 - fold transcriptional activation of both genes occurred before cellular polarization .", "entities": [ "G alpha i - 2", "G alpha i - 3 gene", "luciferase" ] }, { "id": "3860", "type": "gene", "text": "CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that histamine - 2 receptor activation mechanisms may not be involved in postoperative IL - 6 synthesis .", "entities": [ "histamine - 2 receptor", "IL - 6" ] }, { "id": "3865", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification of a 68 - kilodalton nuclear ATP - binding phosphoprotein encoded by bovine papillomavirus type 1 .", "entities": [ "68 - kilodalton nuclear ATP - binding phosphoprotein" ] }, { "id": "3877", "type": "gene", "text": "There are two regulatory regions between the US3 and the US6 transcription units .", "entities": [ "US3", "US6 transcription units" ] }, { "id": "3878", "type": "gene", "text": "Database searches revealed a 50 - 63 % similarity and 34 - 42 % identity with several families of serine proteases , in particular the trypsin - like proteases , members of the glandular kallikrein family ( including prostate - specific antigen , nerve growth factor gamma , and epidermal growth factor - binding protein ) and the activators for the kringle family proteins ( including the human tissue plasminogen activator and human hepatocyte growth factor activator ) .", "entities": [ "serine proteases", "trypsin - like proteases", "glandular kallikrein family", "prostate - specific antigen", "nerve growth factor gamma", "epidermal growth factor - binding protein", "kringle family proteins", "human tissue plasminogen activator", "human hepatocyte growth factor activator" ] }, { "id": "3883", "type": "gene", "text": "We established that , in unstimulated lymphocytes , the Src homology 2 ( SH2 ) and SH3 domain - containing protein Grb2 and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase , associate constitutively with Cbl via their SH3 domains .", "entities": [ "Src homology 2", "SH2", "Grb2", "p85", "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase", "Cbl", "SH3 domains" ] }, { "id": "3884", "type": "gene", "text": "Zta stimulated the HAT activity of CBP that had been partially purified or immunoprecipitated from mammalian cells as well as from affinity - purified , baculovirus expressed CBP .", "entities": [ "Zta", "HAT", "CBP", "CBP" ] }, { "id": "3885", "type": "gene", "text": "Increased gliadin antibody levels were found more frequently in patients with subtotal villous atrophy ( 9 out of 17 patients , or 53 % ; p less than 0 . 05 ) than in patients with partial villous atrophy ( 2 out of 13 patients , or 15 % ) or normal villous appearance ( 2 out of 10 patients , or 20 % ) .", "entities": [ "gliadin antibody" ] }, { "id": "3887", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of the Hox genes egl - 5 and mab - 5 is reduced in lin - 49 and lin - 59 mutants , suggesting lin - 49 and lin - 59 regulate HOM - C gene expression in C . elegans as the trx - G genes do in Drosophila .", "entities": [ "egl - 5", "mab - 5", "lin - 49", "lin - 59 mutants", "lin - 49", "lin - 59", "HOM - C gene", "trx - G genes" ] }, { "id": "3888", "type": "gene", "text": "lin - 49 and lin - 59 transgenes are expressed widely throughout C . elegans animals .", "entities": [ "lin - 49", "lin - 59 transgenes" ] }, { "id": "3889", "type": "gene", "text": "Interleukin - 1 increased the noradrenaline release .", "entities": [ "Interleukin - 1" ] }, { "id": "3891", "type": "gene", "text": "3 patients with acute leukaemia , HLA antibodies and thrombocytopenia refractory to random donor platelet transfusions were treated with high - dose i . v . immunoglobulin .", "entities": [ "HLA", "immunoglobulin" ] }, { "id": "3892", "type": "gene", "text": "Two genes ( ptsI and ptsA ) that encode homologues of the energy coupling Enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate - dependent sugar - transporting phosphotransferase system ( PTS ) have previously been identified on the Escherichia coli chromosome .", "entities": [ "ptsI", "ptsA", "Enzyme I", "phosphoenolpyruvate - dependent sugar - transporting phosphotransferase" ] }, { "id": "3893", "type": "gene", "text": "Eight of these suppressors for into two complementation groups , designated KCS1 and KCS2 .", "entities": [ "KCS1", "KCS2" ] }, { "id": "3894", "type": "gene", "text": "These results point towards post - translational steric and / or allosteric control of EKLF function that may be important not just for its DNA binding ability , but also for its potential to interact with other proteins that fully establish the correct stereospecific array leading to efficient switching of beta - globin transcription during development .", "entities": [ "EKLF", "beta - globin" ] }, { "id": "3897", "type": "gene", "text": "Western blot experiments detected SMBP as a 70 kDa protein that may be further cleaved into an active 34 kDa N - terminal polypeptide .", "entities": [ "SMBP" ] }, { "id": "3900", "type": "gene", "text": "The activated glucocorticoid receptor forms a complex with Stat5 and enhances Stat5 - mediated transcriptional induction .", "entities": [ "glucocorticoid receptor", "Stat5", "Stat5" ] }, { "id": "3901", "type": "gene", "text": "Taken together , these findings demonstrate that ZNF76 and ZNF143 are two members of a same family of transactivator proteins .", "entities": [ "ZNF76", "ZNF143" ] }, { "id": "3902", "type": "gene", "text": "For example , the presence of two related genes , b and b ' , in the cyanobacterium suggests that its ATP synthase is a complex of nine polypeptides , and that it may have single copies of related b and b ' proteins rather than two copies of identical b subunits as found in the E . coli enzyme . 4 + off", "entities": [ "b", "b '", "ATP synthase", "b", "b ' proteins", "b subunits" ] }, { "id": "3903", "type": "gene", "text": "Antiserum raised against rat liver S6 kinase specifically immunoprecipitates the purified 32P - labeled H4 hepatoma insulin - stimulated S6 kinase .", "entities": [ "rat liver S6 kinase", "S6 kinase" ] }, { "id": "3904", "type": "gene", "text": "CRKL , an SH2 - SH3 - SH3 adapter protein , is one of the major tyrosine phosphoproteins detected in primary leukemic neutrophils from patients with CML .", "entities": [ "CRKL", "SH2", "SH3", "SH3", "tyrosine phosphoproteins" ] }, { "id": "3906", "type": "gene", "text": "To further identify the residues responsible for the activity , we isolated the mutant viruses that were not neutralized with the soluble form of MHV receptor proteins , since such mutants were expected to have mutations in amino acids responsible for receptor - binding activity .", "entities": [ "MHV receptor proteins" ] }, { "id": "3909", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , inactivation of the Sir4p - interacting protein Rap1p reduces partitioning by a LexA - Sir4p fusion .", "entities": [ "Sir4p - interacting protein Rap1p", "LexA", "Sir4p" ] }, { "id": "3911", "type": "gene", "text": "BACKGROUND : Murine Nramp is a candidate for the macrophage resistance gene Ity / Lsh / Bcg .", "entities": [ "Murine Nramp", "Ity", "Lsh", "Bcg" ] }, { "id": "3912", "type": "gene", "text": "In cases in which it was identified , insulitis affected 23 % of islets containing insulin , but affected only 1 % of islets which were insulin deficient , thus supporting the concept that insulitis represents an immunologically mediated destruction of insulin secreting B cells .", "entities": [ "insulin", "insulin", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "3914", "type": "gene", "text": "To investigate possible roles for HCP during late erythroid differentiation , effects of manipulating HCP expression or recruitment on EPO - induced hemoglobinization in erythroleukemic SKT6 cells have been investigated .", "entities": [ "HCP", "HCP", "EPO" ] }, { "id": "3915", "type": "gene", "text": "The other end of this cluster contained the human type I cytokeratin K20 and K12 gene loci .", "entities": [ "K20", "K12 gene" ] }, { "id": "3919", "type": "gene", "text": "We provided evidence that CaM kinase II played a role in regulating neurite outgrowth and growth cone motility in these cells , and that the autophosphorylation is essential for the kinase to sufficiently exert its cellular function in vivo [ Y .", "entities": [ "CaM kinase II" ] }, { "id": "3920", "type": "gene", "text": "However , in transient transfection assays , a truncation of as little as 15 Nurr1 COOH - terminal amino acids diminished transcriptional activation of B1A - thymidine kinase - chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter .", "entities": [ "Nurr1", "B1A", "thymidine kinase", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase" ] }, { "id": "3924", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of human activating transcription factor 4 , a transcriptional activator that interacts with multiple domains of cAMP - responsive element - binding protein ( CREB ) - binding protein .", "entities": [ "human activating transcription factor 4", "cAMP - responsive element - binding protein", "CREB" ] }, { "id": "3926", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast to the reciprocal effects of Gab1 and Gab2 in mediating Elk - 1 induction , these two molecules have a similar function in extracellular signal - regulated kinase activation induced by either oncogenic Ras or growth factor stimulation .", "entities": [ "Gab1", "Gab2", "Elk - 1", "extracellular signal - regulated kinase", "Ras" ] }, { "id": "3927", "type": "gene", "text": "This result is consistent with the previous observation that expression of the hsp70 genes in T . brucei is mainly controlled at the posttranscriptional level .", "entities": [ "hsp70 genes in T . brucei" ] }, { "id": "3929", "type": "gene", "text": "Chromaffin cells transfected with a plasmid with the entire coding sequence of c - Rabphilin3a inserted in the antisense orientation inhibited secretion of co - expressed GH by approximately 30 % .", "entities": [ "c - Rabphilin3a", "GH" ] }, { "id": "3930", "type": "gene", "text": "Using a set of sera for which full chlamydial micro - immunofluorescence results suggested a clear diagnosis , we have evaluated the Chlamydia Spot - IF test ( bioMerieux ) , which allows a comparison of titres to Chlamydia trachomatis and C . psittaci antigens .", "entities": [ "Chlamydia trachomatis and C . psittaci antigens" ] }, { "id": "3935", "type": "gene", "text": "A physical and genetic map covering the entire RP12 candidate gene region was constructed .", "entities": [ "RP12 candidate gene region" ] }, { "id": "3936", "type": "gene", "text": "The single copy flotillin - 1 gene is located at 6p21 . 3 in the MHC class I region and consists of 13 exons over 15 kb .", "entities": [ "flotillin - 1 gene", "MHC class I region" ] }, { "id": "3938", "type": "gene", "text": "The in vivo response of the PacC - like decamers to external pH was dependent on the status of the pH - regulated activator YlRim101p , which is homologous to the A . nidulans PacC regulator .", "entities": [ "PacC - like decamers", "YlRim101p", "PacC" ] }, { "id": "3939", "type": "gene", "text": "Electron microscopic visualization of the general population of active genes in flies overexpressing hnRNP proteins also indicated that the great majority of genes seemed normal in terms of cotranscriptional RNA processing events , although there were a few abnormalities consistent with rare exon - skipping events .", "entities": [ "hnRNP proteins" ] }, { "id": "3940", "type": "gene", "text": "Having demonstrated proper localization of GFP - calmodulin in budding yeast , we examined the localization of a fusion between GFP and calmodulin ( GFP - Camlp ) in fission yeast , where calmodulin had not been localized by any method .", "entities": [ "GFP", "calmodulin", "GFP", "calmodulin", "GFP - Camlp", "calmodulin" ] }, { "id": "3941", "type": "gene", "text": "Sera from 33 newborn infants with gestational ages ranging from 27 to 41 weeks were tested by radioimmunoassay for IgG antibodies to surface antigens of group B streptococci ( GBS ) types Ia , Ib , II and III .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "3946", "type": "gene", "text": "Seminal prolactin levels were significantly elevated in all infertile males .", "entities": [ "prolactin" ] }, { "id": "3947", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis identified retina - specific transcripts of 3 . 0 kb for rod G alpha t and 2 . 6 kb for cone G alpha t .", "entities": [ "rod G alpha t", "cone G alpha t" ] }, { "id": "3948", "type": "gene", "text": "In the univariate models of either fixed or time dependent covariates , many variables were significantly associated with risk of progression to AIDS ( T4 cell count , T4 / T8 ratio , blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin , concanavalin A , and pokeweed mitogen , serum IgA , appearance of p24 antigen , and the development of oral hairy leukoplakia , thrush , or herpes zoster ) .", "entities": [ "phytohemagglutinin", "concanavalin A", "pokeweed mitogen", "serum IgA", "p24 antigen" ] }, { "id": "3949", "type": "gene", "text": "Adenovirus - mediated gene transfer of MMAC1 / PTEN to glioblastoma cells inhibits S phase entry by the recruitment of p27Kip1 into cyclin E / CDK2 complexes .", "entities": [ "MMAC1", "PTEN", "p27Kip1", "cyclin E", "CDK2" ] }, { "id": "3951", "type": "gene", "text": "These cells also showed an increase in cyclin A and cyclin A - and E - associated kinase activities characteristic of S phase induction .", "entities": [ "cyclin A", "cyclin A - and E - associated kinase" ] }, { "id": "3952", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of a tonB - phoA gene fusion suggests that the amino - terminal 41 amino acids of TonB are sufficient to promote export of the fusion protein and presumably TonB as well .", "entities": [ "tonB", "phoA", "TonB", "TonB" ] }, { "id": "3954", "type": "gene", "text": "This domain encompasses the region of ARP - 1 / COUP - TFII corresponding to helices 3 to 12 in the recently published crystal structure of other members of the nuclear receptor superfamily .", "entities": [ "ARP - 1", "COUP - TFII", "nuclear receptor superfamily" ] }, { "id": "3956", "type": "gene", "text": "Both genes ARO3 and ARO4 are strongly regulated under the general control regulatory system .", "entities": [ "genes ARO3", "ARO4" ] }, { "id": "3957", "type": "gene", "text": "Polar effects of transposon insertions demonstrated that all of these mRNAs arose from a single promoter region , where transcription initiated 80 bp 5 ' to nifH .", "entities": [ "nifH" ] }, { "id": "3959", "type": "gene", "text": "Importantly , a single base change in the fifth position of the c - fos sequence ( GGTCTnnnAGACC to GGTCA / GnnnAGACC ) produced an element that bound the estrogen receptor and conferred estrogen - dependent transcriptional activation of a reporter gene .", "entities": [ "c - fos sequence", "estrogen receptor" ] }, { "id": "3961", "type": "gene", "text": "Co - expression of a gag - TRalpha fusion protein in AEV - transformed cells and addition of ligand derepresses CAII transcription .", "entities": [ "gag", "TRalpha", "CAII" ] }, { "id": "3962", "type": "gene", "text": "The IB2 gene ( HGMW - approved symbol MAPK8IP2 ) maps to human chromosome 22q13 and contains 10 coding exons .", "entities": [ "IB2 gene", "MAPK8IP2" ] }, { "id": "3963", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcription start sites of sal and salR genes were determined to lie 30 - and 24 - bp upstream of the respective initiation codons and separated from each other by 78 nucleotides .", "entities": [ "sal", "salR genes" ] }, { "id": "3964", "type": "gene", "text": "1 . 23 ) as a PPARalpha - interacting protein .", "entities": [ "PPARalpha - interacting protein" ] }, { "id": "3965", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we demonstrate that the T cell antigen receptor zeta - chain - associated ZAP - 70 kinase and T cell antigen receptor zeta - chain immunoreceptor tyrosine - based activation motifs are essential for the membrane recruitment of SOS and Vav .", "entities": [ "T cell antigen receptor zeta - chain - associated ZAP - 70 kinase", "T cell antigen receptor zeta - chain immunoreceptor tyrosine - based activation motifs", "SOS", "Vav" ] }, { "id": "3967", "type": "gene", "text": "When linked to the herpes simplex thymidine kinase minimal promoter , this fragment acts as an enhancing element in Rcho but not GC cells .", "entities": [ "thymidine kinase" ] }, { "id": "3968", "type": "gene", "text": "A mammalian protein called RFX or NF - X binds to the X box ( or X1 box ) in the promoters of a number of major histocompatibility ( MHC ) class II genes .", "entities": [ "RFX", "NF - X", "major histocompatibility ( MHC ) class II genes" ] }, { "id": "3970", "type": "gene", "text": "The incidence of the variability of the free PSA / total PSA ratio on the early diagnosis of prostate cancer", "entities": [ "PSA", "PSA" ] }, { "id": "3971", "type": "gene", "text": "VBP and a1 / EBP could mediate the high rates of ALV and RSV LTR - enhanced transcription in bursal lymphoma cells and many other cell types .", "entities": [ "VBP", "a1 / EBP", "RSV LTR" ] }, { "id": "3973", "type": "gene", "text": "Developmental slot blots demonstrate that mRNAs corresponding to the three LHM cDNAs are transcribed from prophase of meiosis I to the uninucleate microspore stage , while Northern analysis reveals these tapetally expressed cDNAs to correspond with transcripts of some 500 bp .", "entities": [ "LHM cDNAs" ] }, { "id": "3975", "type": "gene", "text": "The contribution of residues outside the Ras binding domain of Raf ( RafRBD ) to Ras - Raf interaction and Ras - dependent Raf activation has remained unresolved .", "entities": [ "Ras binding domain", "Raf", "RafRBD", "Ras", "Raf", "Ras", "Raf" ] }, { "id": "3979", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we sought to determine the specific effect of HIV protease inhibitors on patient weight .", "entities": [ "HIV protease" ] }, { "id": "3982", "type": "gene", "text": "To obtain information on the functional role of the Rac1 / p38 / MAPKAPK - 2 pathway in RA signaling , the effects of pharmacological inhibition of p38 on RA - induced gene transcription and cell differentiation were determined .", "entities": [ "Rac1", "p38", "MAPKAPK - 2", "p38" ] }, { "id": "3984", "type": "gene", "text": "The ATF / CRE site is also essential for CD4 promoter activation by forskolin , an activator of adenylate cyclase .", "entities": [ "ATF", "CD4 promoter", "adenylate cyclase" ] }, { "id": "3985", "type": "gene", "text": "YLL031c is an essential gene .", "entities": [ "YLL031c" ] }, { "id": "3986", "type": "gene", "text": "Restricted expression of a novel murine atonal - related bHLH protein in undifferentiated neural precursors .", "entities": [ "murine atonal - related bHLH protein" ] }, { "id": "3988", "type": "gene", "text": "We report the genomic organization of the mouse orphan receptor related to tyrosine kinases ( Ryk ) , a structurally unclassified member of the growth factor receptor family .", "entities": [ "orphan receptor related to tyrosine kinases", "Ryk", "growth factor receptor" ] }, { "id": "3989", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , T229E - p70s6k migrated more slowly in SDS - polyacrylamide gels , but demonstrated partial kinase activity ( approximately 20 % compared with the wild type ) .", "entities": [ "T229E - p70s6k" ] }, { "id": "3990", "type": "gene", "text": "The structure and expression of the murine gene encoding granulocyte - macrophage colony stimulating factor : evidence for utilisation of alternative promoters .", "entities": [ "murine gene encoding granulocyte - macrophage colony stimulating factor" ] }, { "id": "3992", "type": "gene", "text": "Liver disease and HCV infection after transplantation of organs from hepatitis C antibody positive donors .", "entities": [ "hepatitis C antibody" ] }, { "id": "3993", "type": "gene", "text": "After dialysis online , lactate was converted by means of lactate oxidase immobilized to porous glass , and the depletion of oxygen was registered by means of a Clark electrode .", "entities": [ "lactate oxidase" ] }, { "id": "3994", "type": "gene", "text": "The deduced amino - acid sequence of the mature enzyme showed very low homology ( < 20 . 4 % identity ) to those of known pectinolytic enzymes in the large pectate lyase superfamily ( the polysaccharide lyase family 1 ) .", "entities": [ "pectate lyase superfamily", "polysaccharide lyase family 1" ] }, { "id": "3995", "type": "gene", "text": "Incubation of HeLa cell cytoplasmic extracts with a purified recombinant glutathione S - transferase - raf fusion protein in the presence of ATP released active NF - kappa B that could be detected by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay .", "entities": [ "glutathione S - transferase", "raf", "NF - kappa B" ] }, { "id": "3996", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite this loss , YEpFAS1 is still able to complement a fas1 mutation at the enoyl reductase domain .", "entities": [ "YEpFAS1", "fas1", "enoyl reductase" ] }, { "id": "3997", "type": "gene", "text": "Cross - species characterization of the promoter region of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene reveals multiple levels of regulation .", "entities": [ "promoter region of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene" ] }, { "id": "3999", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted vav oncogene protein sequence exhibits several motifs reminiscent of transcriptional factors .", "entities": [ "vav oncogene protein sequence" ] }, { "id": "4003", "type": "gene", "text": "Hepatitis B immune globulins and HIV antibodies .", "entities": [ "Hepatitis B immune globulins", "HIV antibodies" ] }, { "id": "4004", "type": "gene", "text": "This gene is divided into six exons spanning about 3kb , and encodes a 175 amino acid protein with 40 - 52 % identity with the other five mouse Reg ( regenerating gene product ) proteins .", "entities": [ "mouse Reg", "regenerating gene product" ] }, { "id": "4005", "type": "gene", "text": "The p63 sequence also features an acidic domain characteristic of transcriptional activation factors , as well as sequence blocks displaying limited similarity to positionally equivalent regions in sigma factors from eubacteria related to mitochondria .", "entities": [ "p63 sequence", "sigma factors" ] }, { "id": "4006", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , a similar fusion protein ( hGH - LDLR - DAF17 , abbreviated HLD ) containing a fragment of the serine / threonine - rich domain of the LDL receptor ( LDLR ) in place of the DAF - derived serine / threonine - rich sequences , does not become GPI anchored .", "entities": [ "hGH", "LDLR", "DAF17", "HLD", "LDL receptor", "LDLR", "DAF - derived serine / threonine - rich sequences" ] }, { "id": "4007", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the pathway to Fc epsilonRI - mediated MEK / ERK and ERK activation can apparently bypass Ras and Raf - 1 .", "entities": [ "Fc epsilonRI", "MEK", "ERK", "ERK", "Ras", "Raf - 1" ] }, { "id": "4009", "type": "gene", "text": "Ftz , on the other hand , influences Ftz - F1 activity by interacting with its AF - 2 domain in a manner that mimics a nuclear receptor coactivator .", "entities": [ "Ftz", "Ftz", "F1" ] }, { "id": "4010", "type": "gene", "text": "Successive 5 ' deletions of the [ - 326 ; + 20 ] type II sPLA2 promoter indicated that the region upstream of position - 195 inhibits the transcription activity sixfold in HepG2 cells but not in HeLa cells .", "entities": [ "type II sPLA2 promoter" ] }, { "id": "4012", "type": "gene", "text": "The cloning of CWH43 showed that it corresponds to YCR017c and encodes a protein with 14 - 16 transmembrane segments containing several putative phosphorylation and glycosylation sites .", "entities": [ "CWH43", "YCR017c" ] }, { "id": "4013", "type": "gene", "text": "However , strains in which both of the two most highly related genes , DdPIK1 and DdPIK2 , were disrupted showed both growth and developmental defects , while double knockouts of DdPIK1 and DdPIK3 and DdPIK2 and DdPIK3 appear to be lethal .", "entities": [ "DdPIK1", "DdPIK2", "DdPIK1", "DdPIK3", "DdPIK2", "DdPIK3" ] }, { "id": "4014", "type": "gene", "text": "This mechanism seems to be involved in VIP - induced PRL gene regulation .", "entities": [ "VIP", "PRL gene" ] }, { "id": "4015", "type": "gene", "text": "Competition and methylation interference assays showed that the binding site for the novel factor was limited to nucleotides in the 3 ' half of the kappa B site .", "entities": [ "kappa B site" ] }, { "id": "4016", "type": "gene", "text": "These properties prompted us to investigate Ets - 1 expression in 32 human astroglial tumors of WHO grades I - IV and to correlate the data with the expression pattern of VEGF , Flt - 1 , and KDR .", "entities": [ "Ets - 1", "VEGF", "Flt - 1", "KDR" ] }, { "id": "4017", "type": "gene", "text": "Mean concentration of insulin in maternal plasma across all sampling times was higher in ethanol treated animals .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "4018", "type": "gene", "text": "The strongly DNA binding p50 subunit showed only very weak , if any , induction of gene expression .", "entities": [ "p50 subunit" ] }, { "id": "4020", "type": "gene", "text": "E1A + cHa - ras transformed rat embryo fibroblast cells are characterized by high and constitutive DNA binding activities of AP - 1 dimers with significantly altered composition .", "entities": [ "E1A", "cHa - ras", "AP - 1 dimers" ] }, { "id": "4022", "type": "gene", "text": "Nuclear localization of this SNF2 - like putative helicase is dependent on a nuclear localization sequence located in the NH2 - terminal region .", "entities": [ "SNF2 - like", "helicase" ] }, { "id": "4023", "type": "gene", "text": "The feasibility of creating CR1 / Ig chimeras makes possible a new strategy of targeting complement inhibition by the use of Ig fusion partners having particular antigenic specificities .", "entities": [ "CR1", "Ig", "Ig fusion partners" ] }, { "id": "4025", "type": "gene", "text": "They are both insensitive to inhibitors of serine and aspartyl proteinases but are sensitive to sulfhydryl reagents and 0 . 5 mM ZnCl2 .", "entities": [ "serine and aspartyl proteinases" ] }, { "id": "4030", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that inhibition occurs with a NS1 - Rev chimera in which the 78 amino - terminal amino acids of the NS1A protein comprising its entire RNA - binding domain is deleted , thereby establishing that this carboxyl portion of the NS1A protein can function as an independent effector domain .", "entities": [ "NS1", "Rev", "NS1A protein", "NS1A protein" ] }, { "id": "4032", "type": "gene", "text": "The testes of 8 specimens of Triturus marmoratus were collected during each month of 1987 and processed for electron microscopy and light microscopy demonstration of testosterone ( T ) following the ABC ( avidin - biotin peroxidase complex ) method .", "entities": [ "ABC", "avidin - biotin peroxidase complex" ] }, { "id": "4036", "type": "gene", "text": "Primer extension analysis and subcloning of the virJ - phoA fusion indicate that the acetosyringone - inducible promoter lies directly upstream of the virJ structural gene .", "entities": [ "virJ", "phoA", "virJ structural gene" ] }, { "id": "4039", "type": "gene", "text": "Using in vivo screening , we first identified a gene that appeared to interfere with the His - Asp phosphorelay between the HPt domain and the receiver domain of OmpR , provided that the gene product was expressed through a multicopy plasmid .", "entities": [ "OmpR" ] }, { "id": "4040", "type": "gene", "text": "The non - major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) - encoded CD1 family has recently emerged as a new antigen - presenting system that is distinct from either MHC class I or class II molecules .", "entities": [ "non - major histocompatibility complex", "MHC", "CD1 family", "MHC class I or class II molecules" ] }, { "id": "4041", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted amino acid sequence of Pst1p possessed high sequence homology with the Sin3 family of proteins , known for their interaction with histone deacetylases .", "entities": [ "Pst1p", "Sin3 family", "histone deacetylases" ] }, { "id": "4044", "type": "gene", "text": "Removal of ink4a dramatically reduces the lymphoid and neurological defects seen in bmi - 1 - deficient mice , indicating that ink4a is a critical in vivo target for Bmi - 1 .", "entities": [ "ink4a", "bmi - 1", "ink4a", "Bmi - 1" ] }, { "id": "4045", "type": "gene", "text": "We found that RXR and VDR transactivated selectively from VDRE - linked templates exclusively as a heterodimeric complex , since neither receptor alone enhanced transcription in vitro .", "entities": [ "RXR", "VDR" ] }, { "id": "4048", "type": "gene", "text": "Early complement components , C1q and C4 , and IgA secretory piece were absent .", "entities": [ "C1q", "C4", "IgA" ] }, { "id": "4049", "type": "gene", "text": "Administration of SnCl2 and ZnSO4 ( group V ) resulted in a decrease of ALA - D activity and in an increase in CP - U .", "entities": [ "ALA - D" ] }, { "id": "4050", "type": "gene", "text": "Using a dominant negative form of Sp3 and transcriptional activation assays in Schneider SL - 2 insect cells , it was confirmed that ERalpha - Sp3 interactions define a pathway for E2 - mediated inhibition of gene expression , and this represents a new mechanism for decreased gene expression by E2 .", "entities": [ "Sp3", "ERalpha", "Sp3", "E2", "E2" ] }, { "id": "4053", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , to elucidate the possible mechanism of action of EM , we examined the effect of the drug on the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules such as L - selectin and Mac - 1 .", "entities": [ "L - selectin", "Mac - 1" ] }, { "id": "4059", "type": "gene", "text": "However , PC12 cell clones which expressed p33rsu - 1 at an increased level in a regulatable fashion in response to dexamethasone were isolated .", "entities": [ "p33rsu - 1" ] }, { "id": "4060", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we verified that PI 3 - kinase associates with the CD4 : p56lck complex as judged by the presence of PI 3 - phosphate generated from anti - CD4 immunoprecipitates and detected by high - pressure liquid chromatographic analysis .", "entities": [ "PI 3 - kinase", "CD4", "p56lck complex", "anti - CD4" ] }, { "id": "4063", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , a site of PDGF - induced tyrosine phosphorylation was mapped to Tyr 138 in the SH3 domain ; Tyr 138 is exposed on the SH3 peptide binding surface .", "entities": [ "PDGF", "SH3 domain", "SH3 peptide binding surface" ] }, { "id": "4065", "type": "gene", "text": "We also identified a DNA fragment , 10 . 7 kbp upstream from the first coding exon of human aFGF , whose sequence is conserved in both the primate and rodent genomes .", "entities": [ "human aFGF" ] }, { "id": "4067", "type": "gene", "text": "These events were only weakly stimulated by the activated PDGF alpha - receptor .", "entities": [ "activated PDGF alpha - receptor" ] }, { "id": "4068", "type": "gene", "text": "Human plastin genes .", "entities": [ "Human plastin genes" ] }, { "id": "4070", "type": "gene", "text": "C / EBP delta ( NFIL - 6 beta ) was not detected in complexes utilizing extracts from the IL - 1 nonproducing T cell line .", "entities": [ "C / EBP delta", "NFIL - 6 beta", "IL - 1" ] }, { "id": "4071", "type": "gene", "text": "Reduced risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcer complications with celecoxib , a novel COX - 2 inhibitor .", "entities": [ "COX - 2" ] }, { "id": "4072", "type": "gene", "text": "Moreover , our recent findings on the Tc52 encoding gene underline the interest of genetic manipulation of T . cruzi , not only making it possible to use more closely an in vitro approach to find out how genes function , but also to obtain ' attenuated ' strains that could be used in the development of vaccinal strategies .", "entities": [ "Tc52 encoding gene" ] }, { "id": "4074", "type": "gene", "text": "YDL003w ( also termed MCD1 ) is a homologue of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21 , an essential gene implicated in DNA double - strand break repair and nuclear organization in fission yeast .", "entities": [ "YDL003w", "MCD1", "Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21" ] }, { "id": "4078", "type": "gene", "text": "Indications for therapy using MAO inhibitors", "entities": [ "MAO" ] }, { "id": "4081", "type": "gene", "text": "Footprints on the HPV 18 enhancer show five protected regions with homologies to NF1 , AP1 and EFII transcription factor binding motifs .", "entities": [ "HPV 18 enhancer", "NF1", "AP1", "EFII transcription factor binding motifs" ] }, { "id": "4082", "type": "gene", "text": "Insulin binding to the alpha - subunit of its receptor stimulates the receptor tyrosine kinase to phosphorylate the beta - subunit and several endogenous protein substrates , including pp120 / HA4 , a liver - specific plasma membrane glycoprotein of M ( r ) 20 , 000 .", "entities": [ "Insulin", "receptor tyrosine kinase", "pp120", "HA4" ] }, { "id": "4083", "type": "gene", "text": "Motilin serum levels were measured for one hour .", "entities": [ "Motilin" ] }, { "id": "4089", "type": "gene", "text": "We have analyzed herein the roles that four different PIAS proteins ( ARIP3 / PIASx alpha , Miz1 / PIASx beta , GBP / PIAS1 , and PIAS3 ) play in the regulation of steroid receptor - or STAT - mediated transcriptional activation .", "entities": [ "PIAS proteins", "ARIP3", "PIASx alpha", "Miz1", "PIASx beta", "GBP", "PIAS1", "PIAS3", "steroid receptor", "STAT" ] }, { "id": "4090", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence with that of the Drosophila virilis gene shows that several blocks of amino acid sequence have been very highly conserved .", "entities": [ "Drosophila virilis gene" ] }, { "id": "4092", "type": "gene", "text": "A phase II clinical trial on MDS was conducted in a cooperative study with orally administrable ara - C analogue , PLAC , which is resistant to cytidine deaminase and had shown an anti - tumor activity on various experimental tumors by oral route .", "entities": [ "cytidine deaminase" ] }, { "id": "4093", "type": "gene", "text": "A decrease was also found of the levels of total cholesterol and LDL - cholesterol .", "entities": [ "LDL - cholesterol" ] }, { "id": "4094", "type": "gene", "text": "Previously , we had shown that interleukin 8 ( IL - 8 ) is constitutively expressed in HTLV - I - infected cells and in cells transiently expressing Tax .", "entities": [ "interleukin 8", "IL - 8", "Tax" ] }, { "id": "4095", "type": "gene", "text": "Unlike JNK activation , ERK activation could not be mapped to specific reovirus gene segments , suggesting that ERK activation and JNK activation are triggered by different events during virus - host cell interaction .", "entities": [ "JNK", "ERK", "ERK", "JNK" ] }, { "id": "4097", "type": "gene", "text": "To address this question with respect to skeletal muscle , we have examined the effects of the Providence mutation in cultured muscle cells , after adoptive gene transfer to adult mice , and in two infants homozygous for spectrin Providence .", "entities": [ "spectrin Providence" ] }, { "id": "4099", "type": "gene", "text": "B and C1 fusions with yeast GAL4 DNA - binding and transcriptional activation domains were also found to interact when synthesized and assayed in yeast .", "entities": [ "B", "C1 fusions", "yeast GAL4 DNA - binding and transcriptional activation domains" ] }, { "id": "4100", "type": "gene", "text": "Because of the data , we suggest that LAC9 contacts positions 6 , 7 , and 8 , both plus and minus , of the UAS , which are separated by more than one turn of the DNA helix , and twists part way around the DNA , thus protecting the broad region of the minor groove between the major - groove contacts .", "entities": [ "LAC9" ] }, { "id": "4103", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we show that the nucleotide in the middle of the anticodon ( i . e . , psi 35 ) also contributes to the suppressor efficiency displayed by cytoplasmic tRNA ( Tyr ) .", "entities": [ "cytoplasmic tRNA ( Tyr )" ] }, { "id": "4106", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , these results suggest that the interactions , and consequently the mechanisms , governing transcriptional activation by CTF are distinct from those mediating DNA replication .", "entities": [ "CTF" ] }, { "id": "4109", "type": "gene", "text": "The reconstituted enzyme binds DNA with an affinity that is approximately 20 - fold lower than that of the intact topo70 .", "entities": [ "topo70" ] }, { "id": "4112", "type": "gene", "text": "We propose that optimal transcription of the gD gene depends on the interaction of ICP4 with multiple binding sites across the gene and cellular factors that recognize specific sequence elements in the promoter .", "entities": [ "gD gene", "ICP4" ] }, { "id": "4113", "type": "gene", "text": "Recently , we and other laboratories have identified a family of caveolin - related proteins ; caveolin has been re - termed caveolin - 1 .", "entities": [ "caveolin - related proteins", "caveolin", "caveolin - 1" ] }, { "id": "4114", "type": "gene", "text": "Role of zinc - finger proteins Sp1 and zif268 / egr - 1 in transcriptional regulation of the human synaptobrevin II gene .", "entities": [ "zinc - finger proteins Sp1", "zif268", "egr - 1", "human synaptobrevin II gene" ] }, { "id": "4115", "type": "gene", "text": "The human Fc gamma receptor gene Fc gamma RIIA is expressed in platelets , neutrophils , monocytes and macrophages .", "entities": [ "Fc gamma RIIA" ] }, { "id": "4117", "type": "gene", "text": "E . granulosus infection has been confirmed in 25 patients ( 20 . 6 % ) , in 16 cases by finding parasite protoscoleces or hooks and in nine cases by detection of an antigen specific for E . granulosus , antigen 5 ( Ag5 ) .", "entities": [ "E . granulosus , antigen 5", "Ag5" ] }, { "id": "4120", "type": "gene", "text": "First , mutations in the IFNgamma - activated sequence ( GAS ) , either multimerized or in the context of the 1 . 7 - kb IRF - 1 promoter , failed to mediate a PRL response , showing that the IRF - 1 GAS is a target of PRL signaling .", "entities": [ "IFNgamma - activated sequence", "GAS", "1 . 7 - kb IRF - 1 promoter", "PRL", "GAS", "PRL" ] }, { "id": "4123", "type": "gene", "text": "This selective squelching activity suggests that GRIM can interact with an essential component of the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery .", "entities": [ "GRIM", "RNA polymerase II" ] }, { "id": "4127", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification and characterization of a yeast gene encoding the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle B \" protein .", "entities": [ "U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle B \" protein" ] }, { "id": "4128", "type": "gene", "text": "A 360 - bp DNA fragment located over 500 bp upstream from the cfl transcriptional start site was used in DNase I protection assays to define the specific bases bound by CorR .", "entities": [ "cfl", "DNase I", "CorR" ] }, { "id": "4130", "type": "gene", "text": "Nramp2 contains a classical iron responsive element in the 3 ' untranslated region that confers iron dependent mRNA stabilization .", "entities": [ "Nramp2" ] }, { "id": "4132", "type": "gene", "text": "CONCLUSIONS - - Postlumbar puncture headache may be mediated by the release of substance P triggered by lumbar puncture , in patients predisposed to headache by a hypersensitivity to substance P .", "entities": [ "substance P", "substance P" ] }, { "id": "4134", "type": "gene", "text": "A mutated ABF1 site that displays a very low affinity for ABF1 does not functionally replace the ILV1 REB1 site .", "entities": [ "mutated ABF1 site", "ABF1", "REB1 site" ] }, { "id": "4135", "type": "gene", "text": "Given a rapid induction of Egr - 1 on stimulation with growth factors or injury , these findings may represent at least one of the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic modulation of smooth muscles after vascular injury .", "entities": [ "Egr - 1" ] }, { "id": "4136", "type": "gene", "text": "A nationwide survey uncovered a tenfold variation between counties in the prescribing of IFNB .", "entities": [ "IFNB" ] }, { "id": "4139", "type": "gene", "text": "Dominant - negative mutations in the G - protein - coupled alpha - factor receptor map to the extracellular ends of the transmembrane segments .", "entities": [ "G - protein - coupled alpha - factor receptor" ] }, { "id": "4141", "type": "gene", "text": "This is the first report which clearly proved CEA synthesis in the cells of HCC .", "entities": [ "CEA" ] }, { "id": "4142", "type": "gene", "text": "By screening a human testis cDNA library with a probe containing the mouse PEA3 ETS domain , we isolated a 2 . 2 kb clone containing a 510 AA open reading frame .", "entities": [ "ETS" ] }, { "id": "4143", "type": "gene", "text": "AU - rich elements in the 3 ' - untranslated region of a new mucin - type gene family of Trypanosoma cruzi confers mRNA instability and modulates translation efficiency .", "entities": [ "mucin - type gene" ] }, { "id": "4144", "type": "gene", "text": "These findings suggest that IL - 1 - stimulated , Rho - dependent cytoskeletal reorganization may cluster signaling molecules in specific architectures that are necessary for persistent cell activation in chronic inflammatory disease .", "entities": [ "IL - 1", "Rho" ] }, { "id": "4145", "type": "gene", "text": "Changes in testicular testosterone and acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in testis and accessory sex organs after induction of varicocele in Noble rats .", "entities": [ "alkaline phosphatase" ] }, { "id": "4147", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that weight gain or increased caloric intake , in contrast to its large effect on peripheral thyroid function , has relatively little effect on CNS TRH activity .", "entities": [ "CNS TRH" ] }, { "id": "4153", "type": "gene", "text": "In the Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin intron a silent branch point - like sequence ( UACUAAG ) is located 7 nt upstream of the canonical sequence .", "entities": [ "Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin intron" ] }, { "id": "4154", "type": "gene", "text": "The requirement for an essential interaction between NPH I and H4L provides an explanation for the observed restriction of transcription termination to early viral genes .", "entities": [ "NPH I", "H4L" ] }, { "id": "4155", "type": "gene", "text": "After birth , there was a significantly higher increase of IgA and IgM anti - M . leprae antibody activity in sera taken 3 - 6 months after birth from babies of Group 1 compared to Group 2 , but the IgA and IgM activity in sera taken after 6 months of age showed the same increase in the two groups .", "entities": [ "IgA", "IgM anti - M . leprae antibody", "IgA", "IgM" ] }, { "id": "4156", "type": "gene", "text": "The relation between the changes of bone density and the level of blood calcium , blood phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase ( AKP ) as well as the metabolism of vitamin D was studied .", "entities": [ "alkaline phosphatase", "AKP" ] }, { "id": "4157", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate the extensive homology in sequence among light chains of IgM kappa autoantibodies and indicate that a particular V kappa germ line gene , kappa IIIb , is expressed as a phylogenetic response to certain self antigens or as part of a selection process by which these autoimmune responses are regulated .", "entities": [ "IgM kappa autoantibodies", "V kappa germ line gene", "kappa IIIb" ] }, { "id": "4159", "type": "gene", "text": "Comparison of the sequences of the alpha - like DNA polymerases including E . coli DNA polymerase II showed that there were nine highly conserved regions , and we constructed an unrooted phylogenetic tree of the DNA polymerases based on the differences in these conserved regions .", "entities": [ "alpha - like DNA polymerases", "E . coli DNA polymerase II", "DNA polymerases" ] }, { "id": "4160", "type": "gene", "text": "Before and 6 and 12 months after H . pylori eradication the patients were evaluated for fasting gastrinemia and pepsinogen I , basal and peak acid output , and detailed histological assessment including the ECL cell proliferative patterns .", "entities": [ "pepsinogen I" ] }, { "id": "4162", "type": "gene", "text": "trans - activation of the HIV - 1 LTR by the HIV - 1 Tat and HTLV - I Tax proteins is mediated by different cis - acting sequences .", "entities": [ "HIV - 1 LTR", "HIV - 1 Tat", "HTLV - I Tax proteins" ] }, { "id": "4163", "type": "gene", "text": "Defective concanavalin A - induced suppression in bancroftian filariasis .", "entities": [ "concanavalin A" ] }, { "id": "4167", "type": "gene", "text": "Acidic carboxyl - terminal domain of gene 2 . 5 protein of bacteriophage T7 is essential for protein - protein interactions .", "entities": [ "gene 2 . 5 protein of bacteriophage T7" ] }, { "id": "4168", "type": "gene", "text": "This result , together with the fact that unrearranged V kappa genes are transcriptionally silent , suggests that structural features of both the V kappa and C kappa loci contribute to the overall transcriptional efficiency of a rearranged V kappa - C kappa gene .", "entities": [ "unrearranged V kappa genes", "V kappa", "C kappa loci", "rearranged V kappa - C kappa gene" ] }, { "id": "4170", "type": "gene", "text": "NSD1 contains a SET domain and multiple PHD fingers .", "entities": [ "NSD1", "SET domain" ] }, { "id": "4172", "type": "gene", "text": "We have introduced the same change in a yeast tRNA ( Trp ) gene and demonstrated that the tRNA acts as an efficient amber suppressor in vivo .", "entities": [ "yeast tRNA ( Trp ) gene" ] }, { "id": "4173", "type": "gene", "text": "This evaluation examines several analytical and cost parameters for five representative assays : IgG , IgA , IgM , phenytoin , and phenobarbital .", "entities": [ "IgG", "IgA", "IgM" ] }, { "id": "4174", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that UvrA is involved in triplet repeat instability in cells .", "entities": [ "UvrA" ] }, { "id": "4175", "type": "gene", "text": "Among women , plasma factor VII : Ag was inversely associated with income .", "entities": [ "plasma factor VII" ] }, { "id": "4176", "type": "gene", "text": "A novel protein kinase C ( PKC ) - interacting protein was identified by the yeast two - hybrid screening using the regulatory domain of PKC beta I as a bait .", "entities": [ "protein kinase C", "PKC", "PKC beta I" ] }, { "id": "4178", "type": "gene", "text": "One of the repeating domains ( Yheb1 ) , consisting of 67 amino acids , was cloned from the E . coli chromosome and purified by metal chelating chromatography .", "entities": [ "Yheb1" ] }, { "id": "4179", "type": "gene", "text": "Phosphorylation at Ser ( 670 ) impairs the ability of GRK2 to phosphorylate both soluble and membrane - incorporated receptor substrates and dramatically attenuates Gbetagamma - mediated activation of this enzyme .", "entities": [ "GRK2", "Gbetagamma" ] }, { "id": "4180", "type": "gene", "text": "METHODS : CD4 cell counts and interview data were recorded in a survey of 136 adult patients attending a community hospital - based HIV outpatient clinic .", "entities": [ "CD4" ] }, { "id": "4182", "type": "gene", "text": "Inhibition of endogenous Cdk2 by dominant negative Cdk2 attenuated phosphorylation of Thr447 , Thr490 and Thr497 , but had no effect upon Ser581 modification .", "entities": [ "endogenous Cdk2", "dominant negative Cdk2" ] }, { "id": "4183", "type": "gene", "text": "A rabbit antiserum raised against a unique ( V3 domain ) bacterially expressed PKC theta fragment immunoprecipitated specifically an 82 - kDa protein from Jurkat cell lysates .", "entities": [ "PKC theta fragment" ] }, { "id": "4186", "type": "gene", "text": "Symptoms , skin - prick tests ( SPT ) with environmental allergens and Pt salt , total serum IgE , lung function , and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were assessed by standard procedures .", "entities": [ "serum IgE" ] }, { "id": "4188", "type": "gene", "text": "Complementary DNA libraries from liver and ovary of an immature female channel catfish were screened with a homologous ERalpha cDNA probe .", "entities": [ "homologous ERalpha cDNA" ] }, { "id": "4189", "type": "gene", "text": "The binding of PTB was antagonistic to the binding of U2AF to the enhancer - located pyrimidine tract .", "entities": [ "PTB", "U2AF" ] }, { "id": "4190", "type": "gene", "text": "VLA - 4 integrin cross - linking on human monocytic THP - 1 cells induces tissue factor expression by a mechanism involving mitogen - activated protein kinase .", "entities": [ "VLA - 4 integrin", "mitogen - activated protein kinase" ] }, { "id": "4191", "type": "gene", "text": "However , studies using the A20 promoter demonstrated that LMP1 transcriptionally activates the A20 gene through cis - acting kappa B sites .", "entities": [ "A20 promoter", "LMP1", "A20 gene", "kappa B sites" ] }, { "id": "4192", "type": "gene", "text": "Southern blot analysis revealed that CCaMK is encoded by a single gene .", "entities": [ "CCaMK" ] }, { "id": "4194", "type": "gene", "text": "Phenazopyridine - induced hemolytic anemia in a patient with G6PD deficiency .", "entities": [ "G6PD" ] }, { "id": "4195", "type": "gene", "text": "Finally , we demonstrated that although the DNA - binding domain of c - myb is required for both the differentiation block and the shift in cell cycle after PMA treatment , phosphorylation by casein kinase II and mitogen - activated protein kinase at positions 11 and 12 or 532 of c - myb , respectively , are not .", "entities": [ "c - myb", "casein kinase II", "mitogen - activated protein kinase", "c - myb" ] }, { "id": "4196", "type": "gene", "text": "The activation of NF - kappaB - dependent reporter gene transcription by E1A was potently suppressed upon coexpression of the E1B 19 - kDa protein ( 19K ) .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB", "E1A", "E1B 19 - kDa protein ( 19K )" ] }, { "id": "4198", "type": "gene", "text": "The myeloid zinc finger gene 1 ( MZF1 ) encodes a C ( 2 ) H ( 2 ) zinc finger transcription factor that regulates granulopoiesis and may have a regulatory role in cellular proliferation and oncogenesis .", "entities": [ "myeloid zinc finger gene 1", "MZF1", "C ( 2 ) H ( 2 ) zinc finger transcription factor" ] }, { "id": "4200", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that GRF1 and GRF2 can form homo - and hetero - oligomers via their DH domains , that mutational inactivation of oligomer formation by GRF1 is associated with impaired biological and signaling activities , and that in 293T cells GRF1 mediates at least two pathways for Raf activation : one a constitutive signal that is mainly Ras - dependent , and one an ionomycin - induced signal that cooperates with the constitutive signal without further augmenting the level of GTP - Ras .", "entities": [ "GRF1", "GRF2", "DH domains", "GRF1", "GRF1", "Raf", "Ras", "GTP - Ras" ] }, { "id": "4206", "type": "gene", "text": "Influenza virus - induced NF - kappaB - dependent gene expression is mediated by overexpression of viral proteins and involves oxidative radicals and activation of IkappaB kinase .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB - dependent gene", "IkappaB kinase" ] }, { "id": "4207", "type": "gene", "text": "These observed changes were not found when assessing NPY level in plasma fluid .", "entities": [ "NPY" ] }, { "id": "4209", "type": "gene", "text": "Protein kinase C ( PKC ) activation after treatment of human neuroblastoma SK - N - BE ( 2 ) C cells with phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate ( PMA ) was found to enhance transcription of the human dopamine beta - hydroxylase ( DBH ) in those cells .", "entities": [ "Protein kinase C", "PKC", "dopamine beta - hydroxylase", "DBH" ] }, { "id": "4212", "type": "gene", "text": "Bedbug ( Cimex lectularius ) samples adult and nymphs either engorged or starved from Central Security Forces sleeping wards , laboratory animal house and control samples from laboratory reared colonies were ground and subjected to ELISA test of hepatitis B surface antigen together with 276 serum samples from the recruits slept in those wards .", "entities": [ "hepatitis B surface antigen" ] }, { "id": "4213", "type": "gene", "text": "The genomic organization in this region is similar to the neural - restricted family members , Hel - N1 ( ELAVL2 ) and mHuD ( Elavl4 ) .", "entities": [ "Hel - N1", "ELAVL2", "mHuD", "Elavl4" ] }, { "id": "4214", "type": "gene", "text": "Synergistic induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells ( U937 ) exposed to bryostatin 1 and the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin involves dysregulation of the PKC / MAPK cascade .", "entities": [ "PKC", "MAPK" ] }, { "id": "4216", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter elements and transcriptional control of the mouse acetylcholinesterase gene .", "entities": [ "mouse acetylcholinesterase gene" ] }, { "id": "4219", "type": "gene", "text": "These morphological changes are associated with a marked induction of P450arom gene expression .", "entities": [ "P450arom gene" ] }, { "id": "4222", "type": "gene", "text": "The role of haptoglobin in asphyxia mechanism ( II ) - - Acute drowning and hanging", "entities": [ "haptoglobin" ] }, { "id": "4224", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , BCR ligation initiates a PI 3 - kinase / Akt / GSK - 3 signaling pathway .", "entities": [ "BCR", "PI 3 - kinase", "Akt", "GSK - 3" ] }, { "id": "4225", "type": "gene", "text": "cDNA cloning and transcriptional properties of a novel GC box - binding protein , BTEB2 .", "entities": [ "GC box - binding protein", "BTEB2" ] }, { "id": "4226", "type": "gene", "text": "This activity creates a 4 - bp staggered cut with 3 ' OH overhangs within a specific sequence of the 21S rRNA gene of omega - strains .", "entities": [ "21S rRNA gene" ] }, { "id": "4228", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast SF , but not GM - CSF or IL - 3 , induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C - gamma ( PLC - gamma ) .", "entities": [ "SF", "GM - CSF", "IL - 3", "phospholipase C - gamma", "PLC - gamma" ] }, { "id": "4230", "type": "gene", "text": "Replacement of Val20 - Leu21 with Ala - Ala produced a dimeric RII beta protein that binds AKAP75 approximately 4 % as avidly as wild - type RII beta .", "entities": [ "dimeric RII beta protein", "AKAP75", "wild - type RII beta" ] }, { "id": "4231", "type": "gene", "text": "The temporal expression of CRAlBP is similar to IRBP while bFGF is not expressed until after photoreceptor differentiation is complete .", "entities": [ "CRAlBP", "IRBP", "bFGF" ] }, { "id": "4233", "type": "gene", "text": "In T cells these two signal pathways are critical for interleukin - 2 production .", "entities": [ "interleukin - 2" ] }, { "id": "4234", "type": "gene", "text": "Replacement of a valine ( V68 ) in the ETS domain of SAP1a by aspartic acid ( as found in c - Ets - 1 , Elk - 1 , and Net ) enhanced ternary complex formation by more than 60 - fold .", "entities": [ "ETS", "SAP1a", "c - Ets - 1", "Elk - 1", "Net" ] }, { "id": "4236", "type": "gene", "text": "The NF - kappaB / Rel transcription factors participate in the activation of immune system regulatory genes and viral early genes including the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat .", "entities": [ "NF - kappaB", "Rel", "viral early genes", "human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat" ] }, { "id": "4238", "type": "gene", "text": "cDNA cloning reveals two mouse beta5 integrin transcripts distinct in cytoplasmic domains as a result of alternative splicing .", "entities": [ "mouse beta5 integrin transcripts" ] }, { "id": "4241", "type": "gene", "text": "Like other known GCD genes , GCD14 and GCD15 are therefore probably required for general translation initiation in addition to their roles in GCN4 - specific translational control .", "entities": [ "GCD genes", "GCD14", "GCD15", "GCN4" ] }, { "id": "4243", "type": "gene", "text": "This gene is named PKNOX1 by the Human Nomenclature Committee .", "entities": [ "PKNOX1" ] }, { "id": "4246", "type": "gene", "text": "No effect of 4 beta - phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate was observed on the expression of hnRNP H .", "entities": [ "hnRNP H" ] }, { "id": "4249", "type": "gene", "text": "The atf1 + gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a bZIP transcription factor with strong homology to the mammalian factor ATF - 2 .", "entities": [ "atf1 + gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe", "bZIP transcription factor", "mammalian factor ATF - 2" ] }, { "id": "4251", "type": "gene", "text": "Multiple attempts aimed at disruption of the chromosomal fabG gene were unsuccessful .", "entities": [ "chromosomal fabG gene" ] }, { "id": "4254", "type": "gene", "text": "The activity of plasminogen activator has been measured in tissue sections with the aid of a modified Todd technique .", "entities": [ "plasminogen activator" ] }, { "id": "4256", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the mutants are deficient in production of the O - antigen polymerase and were termed rfc mutants .", "entities": [ "O - antigen polymerase", "rfc mutants" ] }, { "id": "4263", "type": "gene", "text": "The D443N substitution is an activating mutation that increases the activity of SCAP and renders it resistant to inhibition by 25 - hydroxycholesterol .", "entities": [ "D443N substitution", "SCAP" ] }, { "id": "4264", "type": "gene", "text": "Central ( heart rate , VE , VO2 ) or local ( muscle and blood lactate , adenosine triphosphate , creatine phosphokinase , glycogen ) cues highlighted in these studies demonstrate both the complexity of effort perception , and the need for better understanding of the physiological components upon which it is based .", "entities": [ "creatine phosphokinase" ] }, { "id": "4268", "type": "gene", "text": "Regulation of activating transcription factor - 1 and the cAMP response element - binding protein by Ca2 + / calmodulin - dependent protein kinases type I , II , and IV .", "entities": [ "activating transcription factor - 1", "cAMP response element - binding protein", "Ca2 + / calmodulin - dependent protein kinases type I , II , and IV" ] }, { "id": "4270", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum amyloid A ( SAA ) is a plasma protein which has been associated with several diseases , including amyloidosis , arthritis , and atherosclerosis , and its abnormal expression , particularly in nonhepatic cells , is implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases .", "entities": [ "Serum amyloid A", "SAA" ] }, { "id": "4273", "type": "gene", "text": "The human p18 gene spans at least 7 . 5 kb and is composed of three exons , two of which encode the p18 protein .", "entities": [ "human p18 gene", "p18 protein" ] }, { "id": "4274", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum creatinine kinase activity was 7 , 800 - 17 , 500 U / l , making acute muscle damage likely , probably rhabdomyolysis .", "entities": [ "creatinine kinase" ] }, { "id": "4276", "type": "gene", "text": "Like Mdm2 , MdmX is able to bind p53 and inhibit p53 transactivation ; however , the ability of MdmX to degrade p53 has yet to be examined .", "entities": [ "Mdm2", "MdmX", "p53", "p53", "MdmX", "p53" ] }, { "id": "4279", "type": "gene", "text": "The nucleotide sequence of a PCR - amplified SMT3A genomic DNA fragment was found to be identical to that of SMT3A cDNA , indicating the absence of intron ( s ) in its protein coding region .", "entities": [ "SMT3A", "SMT3A cDNA" ] }, { "id": "4280", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutant p53 DNA clones from human colon carcinomas cooperate with ras in transforming primary rat cells : a comparison of the \" hot spot \" mutant phenotypes .", "entities": [ "p53 DNA", "ras" ] }, { "id": "4284", "type": "gene", "text": "The SEC27 gene was cloned , and the sequence predicts a 99 . 4 - kDa protein with 45 % sequence identity to mammalian beta ' - COP .", "entities": [ "SEC27 gene", "beta ' - COP" ] }, { "id": "4287", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore , it appears that GCN2 protein kinase function is stimulated posttranslationally in amino acid - starved cells .", "entities": [ "GCN2 protein kinase" ] }, { "id": "4288", "type": "gene", "text": "Although paclitaxel alone failed to induce p38 MAPK activation , subsequent ( but not prior ) exposure to PD98059 induced a dramatic increase in p38 MAPK phosphorylation .", "entities": [ "p38", "p38" ] }, { "id": "4292", "type": "gene", "text": "A positive FTA - ABS - 19S - IgM test indicates the necessity of treatment .", "entities": [ "FTA - ABS - 19S - IgM" ] }, { "id": "4294", "type": "gene", "text": "The promoter for HMG - CoA synthase contains two binding sites for the sterol regulatory element - binding proteins ( SREBPs ) .", "entities": [ "HMG - CoA synthase", "sterol regulatory element - binding proteins", "SREBPs" ] }, { "id": "4298", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization and targeted disruption of murine Nup50 , a p27 ( Kip1 ) - interacting component of the nuclear pore complex .", "entities": [ "murine Nup50", "p27", "Kip1" ] }, { "id": "4299", "type": "gene", "text": "p27 ( Kip1 ) is a member of the Cip - Kip family of cyclin - dependent kinase ( Cdk ) inhibitors that binds to cyclin - Cdk complexes and inhibits their catalytic activity in response to antiproliferative stimuli .", "entities": [ "p27", "Kip1", "Cip", "Kip", "cyclin - dependent kinase", "Cdk", "cyclin", "Cdk" ] }, { "id": "4300", "type": "gene", "text": "p27 ( Kip1 ) is regulated by several posttranscriptional mechanisms , including subcellular localization .", "entities": [ "p27", "Kip1" ] }, { "id": "4301", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore , the Ogg1 protein is a eukaryotic DNA glycosylase / AP lyase .", "entities": [ "Ogg1 protein", "DNA glycosylase", "AP lyase" ] }, { "id": "4304", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutations of SIN4 , ROX3 , SRB8 , SRB9 , SRB10 , SRB11 , and two novel genes , NUT1 and NUT2 , relieve the requirement of Swi4p for expression of this reporter .", "entities": [ "SIN4", "ROX3", "SRB8", "SRB9", "SRB10", "SRB11", "NUT1", "NUT2", "Swi4p" ] }, { "id": "4306", "type": "gene", "text": "For Thermus strain ZO5 dihydroorotase ( DHOase ; encoded by pyrC ) , the highest similarity scores ( about 40 % identity ) were obtained with DHOases from B . caldolyticus and Bacillus subtilis .", "entities": [ "ZO5 dihydroorotase", "DHOase", "pyrC", "DHOases" ] }, { "id": "4308", "type": "gene", "text": "These data suggest that the fibrinogen gamma chain region Gly190 - Val202 functions as a minimal recognition sequence for the leukocyte integrin CD11b / CD18 .", "entities": [ "fibrinogen gamma chain region Gly190 - Val202", "CD11b", "CD18" ] }, { "id": "4309", "type": "gene", "text": "Attenuated serum cortisol responses were found in six of the patients despite a normal ACTH test .", "entities": [ "ACTH" ] }, { "id": "4310", "type": "gene", "text": "We recently described the isolation and characterization of nontoxic PAP mutants , NT123 - 2 , which has a point mutation ( E176V ) in the active site that abolishes enzymatic activity , and NT124 - 3 , which has a nonsense mutation that results in deletion of the C - terminal 25 aa ( W237Stop ) .", "entities": [ "PAP mutants" ] }, { "id": "4311", "type": "gene", "text": "Toxicity of benzoyl chloride ( 2 , 4 , 6 - trichlorophenyl ) hydrazone ( Banamite ) and potential metabolites to twospotted spider mites and potency as inhibitors of rat liver monoamine oxidase .", "entities": [ "rat liver monoamine oxidase" ] }, { "id": "4313", "type": "gene", "text": "The genes expressed during the embryonic ( zeta ) or fetal and adult stage ( alpha 2 and alpha 1 ) can be modified by point mutations which affect either the processing - translation of mRNA or make the polypeptide chains extremely unstable .", "entities": [ "zeta", "alpha 2", "alpha 1" ] }, { "id": "4315", "type": "gene", "text": "Kaposi ' s sarcoma - associated herpesvirus / human herpesvirus - 8 ORF50 gene product contains a potent C - terminal activation domain which activates gene expression via a specific target sequence .", "entities": [ "ORF50" ] }, { "id": "4317", "type": "gene", "text": "The efficiency of transfections was normalized relative to the net amount of CAT plasmid actually transfected into recipient cells , determined by a modified Southern hybridization procedure .", "entities": [ "CAT" ] }, { "id": "4318", "type": "gene", "text": "Genomic Southern blot analysis suggests that the human haploid genome contains a single Gs alpha gene .", "entities": [ "Gs alpha gene" ] }, { "id": "4320", "type": "gene", "text": "In the present study we found that CD34 downregulation during hematopoiesis occured at the level of transcriptional initiation .", "entities": [ "CD34" ] }, { "id": "4324", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , we demonstrate that in myeloid and B cell extracts , PU . 1 forms a novel , specific , more slowly migrating complex ( PU - SF ) when binding the GM - CSF receptor alpha promoter PU . 1 site .", "entities": [ "PU . 1", "PU - SF", "GM - CSF receptor alpha", "PU . 1" ] }, { "id": "4331", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoblotting showed that both the ( 1 - 404 ) - peptide and ( 1 - 506 ) - peptide are recognized by 95J10 , a monoclonal antibody that was previously raised against perlecan - ( 24 - 404 ) - peptide expressed in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "95J10", "perlecan - ( 24 - 404 ) - peptide" ] }, { "id": "4333", "type": "gene", "text": "To gain further insights into these events , the porcine G alpha i - 3 gene minimal promoter was characterized and found 67 base pairs upstream from the major transcription start site .", "entities": [ "porcine G alpha i - 3 gene minimal promoter" ] }, { "id": "4336", "type": "gene", "text": "Many human malignant cells lack methylthioadenosine phosphorylase ( MTAP ) enzyme activity .", "entities": [ "methylthioadenosine phosphorylase", "MTAP" ] }, { "id": "4339", "type": "gene", "text": "G - box binding factors ( GBFs ) constitute a family of plant DNA - binding proteins that bind to the G - box motif , a regulatory cis element present in many plant genes with a palindromic DNA motif of CACGTG .", "entities": [ "G - box binding factors", "GBFs" ] }, { "id": "4346", "type": "gene", "text": "These results extend our knowledge of this SNF2 - like family member and suggest a role for PASG in leukemogenesis .", "entities": [ "SNF2 - like family member", "PASG" ] }, { "id": "4347", "type": "gene", "text": "The difference between the results in the high dose AHLG and in the control group was significant ( p less than 0 . 05 ) .", "entities": [ "AHLG" ] }, { "id": "4349", "type": "gene", "text": "Retinoic acid , which inhibits the progression of certain cancers , repressed v - src - induced MMP - 1 transcription .", "entities": [ "v - src", "MMP - 1" ] }, { "id": "4350", "type": "gene", "text": "The pattern of net RNA expression in adult mouse tissues is different .", "entities": [ "net RNA" ] }, { "id": "4351", "type": "gene", "text": "Immunoprecipitation of spinophilin or neurabin from crude brain extracts selectively coprecipitated PP1gamma ( 1 ) over PP1beta .", "entities": [ "spinophilin", "neurabin", "PP1gamma ( 1 )", "PP1beta" ] }, { "id": "4353", "type": "gene", "text": "Reduction of p53 protein was detected after 1 day of OM treatment and reached maximal suppression of 10 - 20 % of control after 3 days in H3922 and 40 % of control after 4 days in MCF - 7 cells .", "entities": [ "p53 protein", "OM" ] }, { "id": "4354", "type": "gene", "text": "Association of Syk protein tyrosine kinase ( PTK ) with LMP2A occurs at the two tyrosines of the LMP2A immunoreceptor tyrosine - based activation motif , and it is hypothesized that Lyn PTK associates with the YEEA amino acid motif at LMP2A tyrosine 112 ( Y112 ) .", "entities": [ "protein tyrosine kinase", "PTK", "LMP2A", "LMP2A immunoreceptor", "PTK", "LMP2A" ] }, { "id": "4355", "type": "gene", "text": "The treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants resulted in a more noticeable decrease in the levels of T3 and E - RCF .", "entities": [ "E - RCF" ] }, { "id": "4356", "type": "gene", "text": "Four of these fibroblast clones were infected with a retrovirus containing the cDNA encoding myoD and a puromycin selection marker .", "entities": [ "cDNA encoding myoD" ] }, { "id": "4357", "type": "gene", "text": "Serum estriol levels during beta - receptor agonist infusion in the third trimester of pregnancy .", "entities": [ "beta - receptor" ] }, { "id": "4358", "type": "gene", "text": "In this study , we investigated the mechanism by which Tax activates gene expression in conjunction with members of the ATF / CREB family .", "entities": [ "Tax", "ATF", "CREB" ] }, { "id": "4361", "type": "gene", "text": "Suppression of the cka1 delta cka2 - 8 mutant phenotype occurs by interaction of CKB1 with the defective , cka2 - 8 - encoded , catalytic subunit .", "entities": [ "cka1 delta cka2 - 8 mutant", "CKB1", "cka2 - 8" ] }, { "id": "4364", "type": "gene", "text": "Similarly , antisense TGF - beta type II receptor oligodeoxynucleotides ( 40 microM ) resulted in a 58 % increase in branching , compared to scrambled and mismatched sequence controls , while TGF - beta , type II receptor mRNA and its protein expression levels were suppressed by 95 and 84 % , respectively .", "entities": [ "antisense TGF - beta type II receptor oligodeoxynucleotides ( 40 microM )", "TGF - beta , type II receptor mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4366", "type": "gene", "text": "Taken together , these results indicate that ICSBP and PU . 1 are critical elements for IL - 18 gene expression .", "entities": [ "ICSBP", "PU . 1", "IL - 18 gene" ] }, { "id": "4371", "type": "gene", "text": "An additional stimulation of D1 receptors by giving SKF38393 30 min later produced an almost continuous pattern of jaw openings but less closure movements from the rest position , and the openings were accompanied by frequent tongue protrusions .", "entities": [ "D1 receptors" ] }, { "id": "4375", "type": "gene", "text": "To determine the role of the transmembrane region of HN on fusion - promoting activity , mutant HN proteins were expressed and their biological activities examined .", "entities": [ "HN", "mutant HN proteins" ] }, { "id": "4377", "type": "gene", "text": "Transient transfection assays indicated that the ( - 4551 ) UCP1 - CAT construct , containing the 5 ' - regulatory region of the rat ucp - 1 gene , was activated by PPARalpha co - transfection in a dose - dependent manner and this activation was potentiated by Wy 14 , 643 and retinoid X receptor alpha .", "entities": [ "UCP1", "CAT", "rat ucp - 1 gene", "PPARalpha", "retinoid X receptor alpha" ] }, { "id": "4379", "type": "gene", "text": "Human CR2 has a restricted cellular distribution , being expressed on B lymphocytes , dendritic cells of the spleen , pharyngeal epithelial cells , and at low levels on some T lymphocytes .", "entities": [ "Human CR2" ] }, { "id": "4380", "type": "gene", "text": "ADR1 in extracts made from glucose - repressed and - derepressed cells bound UAS1 DNA with similar affinities despite having greatly different abilities to activate ADH2 gene expression in vivo .", "entities": [ "ADR1", "ADH2 gene" ] }, { "id": "4381", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , agonist action at a 5 - HT1 receptor and antagonist action at 5 - HT2 receptors both appear to contribute to antidepressant - like activity on the DRL 72 - s schedule .", "entities": [ "5 - HT1 receptor", "5 - HT2 receptors" ] }, { "id": "4382", "type": "gene", "text": "MsEPV genes with putative functions in prevention and repair of DNA damage include a complete base excision repair pathway ( uracil DNA glycosylase , AP endonuclease , DNA polymerase beta , and an NAD + - dependent DNA ligase ) , a photoreactivation repair pathway ( cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase ) , a LINE - type reverse transcriptase , and a mutT homologue .", "entities": [ "uracil DNA glycosylase", "AP endonuclease", "DNA polymerase beta", "NAD + - dependent DNA ligase", "cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase", "LINE - type reverse transcriptase", "mutT homologue" ] }, { "id": "4384", "type": "gene", "text": "Likewise , the consensus signal believed to be involved in terminating VV early gene transcription , TTTTTNT , was evident at the 3 ' - boundary of both the N2 and M1 ORFs suggesting that these genes may be VV early genes .", "entities": [ "VV early gene", "VV early genes" ] }, { "id": "4388", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report we describe the structure and DNA sequence of transcriptional control regions from both human and Wistar - rat single copy EGF genes and their functional analysis in epithelial cell cultures .", "entities": [ "human and Wistar - rat single copy EGF genes" ] }, { "id": "4393", "type": "gene", "text": "The biological functions of rat surfactant protein A ( SP - A ) , an oligomer composed of 18 polypeptide subunits derived from a single gene , are dependent on intact disulfide bonds .", "entities": [ "surfactant protein A", "SP - A" ] }, { "id": "4394", "type": "gene", "text": "A V1 mutant generated in vivo with 11 of the 14 N - terminal amino acids altered , was viable and produced symptoms typical of a wild - type infection .", "entities": [ "V1 mutant" ] }, { "id": "4396", "type": "gene", "text": "We have demonstrated that the specific determination and identification of plasma FbDP alone is not sufficient to follow the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy .", "entities": [ "FbDP" ] }, { "id": "4400", "type": "gene", "text": "Coronary vasoconstriction caused by endothelin - 1 is enhanced by ischemia - reperfusion and by norepinephrine present in concentrations typically observed after neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass .", "entities": [ "endothelin - 1" ] }, { "id": "4401", "type": "gene", "text": "Located between the 3 ' trans - spliced leader acceptor site and the translational initiation codon of the GP63 gene is an area of conserved hexanucleotide direct repeats ( CTCGCC ) which vary in number according to species .", "entities": [ "GP63 gene" ] }, { "id": "4403", "type": "gene", "text": "Insulin - secreting islet - cell tumours of the pancreas .", "entities": [ "Insulin" ] }, { "id": "4406", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously demonstrated that pyrene in diesel - exhaust particles ( DEP ) has an adjuvant activity on immunoglobulin E ( IgE ) antibody production in mice immunized with Japanese cedar pollen allergen ( JCPA ) or ovalbumin ( OA ) intraperitoneally .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin E", "IgE", "ovalbumin", "OA" ] }, { "id": "4407", "type": "gene", "text": "Partial characterization of the CCAAT box in the promoter of the hLGFBP - 1 gene : interaction with negatively acting transcription factors in decidualized human endometrial stromal cells .", "entities": [ "hLGFBP - 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "4408", "type": "gene", "text": "We conclude that transcription of both SCD1 and SCD2 genes is responsive to cellular sterol levels and to the levels of nuclear SREBP / ADD1 and that transcriptional induction requires three spatially conserved cis elements , that bind SREBP and NF - Y .", "entities": [ "SCD1", "SCD2 genes", "SREBP", "ADD1", "SREBP", "NF - Y" ] }, { "id": "4409", "type": "gene", "text": "Three transcriptional control elements within 300 base pairs of the 5 ' - flanking region of the rat glucagon gene interact with regulatory cellular proteins and direct transcription only in glucagon - producing islet cells .", "entities": [ "rat glucagon gene", "glucagon" ] }, { "id": "4410", "type": "gene", "text": "A role for phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase in the regulation of beta 1 integrin activity by the CD2 antigen .", "entities": [ "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase", "beta 1 integrin", "CD2" ] }, { "id": "4412", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , the sequences essential for the transcription of EFT1 were localized to the region between the start ATG and the stop codon of the VPS17 gene that terminates 267 nt upstream on the same strand .", "entities": [ "EFT1", "VPS17 gene" ] }, { "id": "4413", "type": "gene", "text": "Exposure of raft cultures to activators of protein kinase C , such as phorbol esters , results in the further induction of late gene expression as well as virion assembly .", "entities": [ "protein kinase C", "late gene" ] }, { "id": "4417", "type": "gene", "text": "In each of the studied HPV types , the two CDP / Cut binding sites of PSM overlap with the known or presumed binding sites of the replication initiator protein E1 .", "entities": [ "CDP", "Cut", "PSM", "replication initiator protein E1" ] }, { "id": "4419", "type": "gene", "text": "Hydroxyl radical footprinting of DNA complexes of the ets domain of PU . 1 and its comparison to the crystal structure .", "entities": [ "ets domain", "PU . 1" ] }, { "id": "4420", "type": "gene", "text": "ATF is formulated from the prothrombin time ( PT ) , fibrinogen transformation rate ( FTR ) ( a representation of thrombin activity ) , and a consideration of the fibrinogen ( FBG ) content of blood plasma .", "entities": [ "prothrombin", "fibrinogen", "thrombin", "fibrinogen", "FBG" ] }, { "id": "4421", "type": "gene", "text": "( LH P < 0 . 05 , LH / FSH P < 0 . 01 ) .", "entities": [ "LH", "LH", "FSH" ] }, { "id": "4422", "type": "gene", "text": "Inhibition of Raf - 1 signaling by a monoclonal antibody , which interferes with Raf - 1 activation and with Mek substrate binding .", "entities": [ "Raf - 1", "Raf - 1", "Mek" ] }, { "id": "4423", "type": "gene", "text": "Phenotypic and molecular analyses of patients with partial chromosome 21 monosomy enabled us to define a region , spanning 2 . 4 Mb between D21S190 and D21S226 , associated with arthrogryposis , mental retardation , hypertonia , and several facial anomalies .", "entities": [ "D21S190", "D21S226" ] }, { "id": "4424", "type": "gene", "text": "The classic sterol regulatory cis element ( sre - 1 ) in the LDL receptor promoter mediates sterol regulatory element binding protein ( SREBP ) - binding and the effects of insulin and platelet derived growth factor ( PDGF ) .", "entities": [ "LDL receptor", "sterol regulatory element binding protein", "SREBP", "insulin", "platelet derived growth factor", "PDGF" ] }, { "id": "4426", "type": "gene", "text": "In Cos 7 cells transfected with oCRF1var , cAMP accumulation was only observed at the highest concentration of oCRF utilized ( 100 nM ) .", "entities": [ "oCRF1var", "oCRF" ] }, { "id": "4430", "type": "gene", "text": "This is probably because , in vivo , some bacteria ( perhaps dormant forms ) are not entirely dependent upon urease for survival .", "entities": [ "urease" ] }, { "id": "4431", "type": "gene", "text": "The system consists of a microcomputer and six laboratory analyzers : a blood gas analyzer , a flame photometer , a plasma osmotic pressure meter , a chloride ion titrator , a blood sugar analyzer , and a hemoglobin concentration and saturation meter .", "entities": [ "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "4434", "type": "gene", "text": "Fusion of mouse CD8 + class I MHC - restricted T cells with the BW5147 thymoma invariably yields CD8 - hybridomas in which RNA transcribed from the CD8 alpha ( Lyt - 2 ) gene is undetectable .", "entities": [ "class I MHC", "CD8 -", "CD8 alpha", "Lyt - 2" ] }, { "id": "4435", "type": "gene", "text": "Peak plasma ACTH responses were not significantly different between control and patient groups .", "entities": [ "ACTH" ] }, { "id": "4436", "type": "gene", "text": "For the P transcript from phage with the G ( - ) orientation , full termination activity required both the region containing the stem - loop structure and upstream sequences .", "entities": [ "P transcript" ] }, { "id": "4438", "type": "gene", "text": "Nb2 - 11C cells expressed three PNR - related mRNA transcripts of 2 . 5 , 3 . 0 and > 10 kb .", "entities": [ "PNR - related mRNA transcripts" ] }, { "id": "4439", "type": "gene", "text": "These results suggest that the Reg1 - Glc7 phosphatase is a cytoplasmic component of the machinery responsible for returning Snf1 kinase activity to its basal level and reestablishing glucose repression .", "entities": [ "Reg1", "Glc7", "Snf1 kinase" ] }, { "id": "4441", "type": "gene", "text": "The majority of these cells were also OKT4 positive ( helper / inducer T lymphocytes ) , while the minority were OKT8 positive ( suppressor / cytotoxic T lymphocytes ) .", "entities": [ "OKT4", "OKT8" ] }, { "id": "4442", "type": "gene", "text": "AIMS : We postulated that perhexiline , a novel anti - ischaemic agent with an oxygen - sparing metabolic effect in the myocardium ( via inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase - 1 ) and no adverse haemodynamic effects , may improve symptomatic status in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis .", "entities": [ "carnitine palmitoyltransferase - 1" ] }, { "id": "4443", "type": "gene", "text": "The IFNAR chain interacts with both IFN - alpha 2 and IFN - beta , as demonstrated by cross - linking .", "entities": [ "IFNAR chain", "IFN - alpha 2", "IFN - beta" ] }, { "id": "4444", "type": "gene", "text": "To clone cDNAs for the beta subunit of rabbit eIF - 2B , amino acid sequence data was first obtained and used to design redundant oligonucleotide primers for use in PCR .", "entities": [ "rabbit eIF - 2B" ] }, { "id": "4445", "type": "gene", "text": "We report the cloning of the ade1 gene on a 4 . 4 kb Sau3A insert in the yeast shuttle vector pWH5 .", "entities": [ "ade1 gene", "4 . 4 kb Sau3A insert" ] }, { "id": "4449", "type": "gene", "text": "A selectable marker for transformation was constructed by transcriptional fusion of a Ustilago maydis heat shock gene promoter with the hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene of Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "Ustilago maydis heat shock gene promoter", "hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene of Escherichia coli" ] }, { "id": "4450", "type": "gene", "text": "The structure of the mAR ORF was confirmed by sequence analysis of mAR cDNA fragments , which were obtained by PCR amplification of mouse testis cDNA , using mAR specific primers .", "entities": [ "mAR", "mAR", "mAR" ] }, { "id": "4452", "type": "gene", "text": "The role of NUT1 and regulation of nitrogen metabolism in the disease process was evaluated by pathogenicity assays .", "entities": [ "NUT1" ] }, { "id": "4453", "type": "gene", "text": "These three phases of cyclin E association with chromatin may facilitate the diverse activities of cyclin E - - Cdk2 in initiating replication , blocking rereplication , and allowing resetting of origins after mitosis .", "entities": [ "cyclin E", "cyclin E", "Cdk2" ] }, { "id": "4455", "type": "gene", "text": "Dermatophagoides farinae - sensitized lymphocytes in asthmatic children as evaluated by interleukin - 2 ( IL - 2 ) production and acquisition of IL - 2 responsiveness", "entities": [ "interleukin - 2", "IL - 2", "IL - 2" ] }, { "id": "4458", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma LH and progesterone levels after single or multiple injections of synthetic LH - RH in anoestrous ewes and comparison with levels during the oestrous cycle .", "entities": [ "Plasma LH", "LH", "RH" ] }, { "id": "4461", "type": "gene", "text": "Primers were developed for specific amplification of 9804 gene fragments .", "entities": [ "9804 gene fragments" ] }, { "id": "4462", "type": "gene", "text": "The promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with Sp1 and inhibits its transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor promoter .", "entities": [ "promyelocytic leukemia protein", "Sp1", "epidermal growth factor receptor" ] }, { "id": "4464", "type": "gene", "text": "The Saccharomyces cerevisiae targets of rapamycin , TOR1 and TOR2 , signal activation of cell growth in response to nutrient availability .", "entities": [ "TOR1", "TOR2" ] }, { "id": "4467", "type": "gene", "text": "The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction ( TIMI ) Phase II Trial randomized 3 , 339 patients to either an invasive ( INV , n = 1 , 681 ) or a conservative ( CON , n = 1 , 658 ) strategy after intravenous recombinant tissue - type plasminogen activator ( rt - PA ) for acute myocardial infarction .", "entities": [ "recombinant tissue - type plasminogen activator", "rt - PA" ] }, { "id": "4468", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , mutations within the Ubx unit exons are known and most of these behave as null alleles .", "entities": [ "Ubx unit exons" ] }, { "id": "4469", "type": "gene", "text": "Taken together , these data suggest that the Smad3 / Smad4 complex has at least two separable nuclear functions : it forms a rapid , yet transient sequence - specific DNA binding complex , and it potentiates AP1 - dependent transcriptional activation .", "entities": [ "Smad3", "Smad4", "AP1" ] }, { "id": "4470", "type": "gene", "text": "When phentermine was mixed with other unlabeled reversible MAO inhibitors ( e . g . pseudoephedrine , ephedrine , norephedrine ; estradiol benzoate ) , the degree of MAO inhibition was additive .", "entities": [ "MAO", "MAO" ] }, { "id": "4471", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we report that point mutations of the Abd - B gene in trans suppress the Fab - 7 phenotype in a pairing - dependent manner and thus represent a type of transvection .", "entities": [ "Abd - B gene", "Fab - 7 phenotype" ] }, { "id": "4472", "type": "gene", "text": "4 382 new mothers were examined retrospectively with the enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) for IgG activity to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) during pregnancy .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "4473", "type": "gene", "text": "Also , residues 273 to 287 , which are identical in sequence to a 15 - amino - acid segment near the carboxy terminus of the simian foamy virus transcriptional activator Taf , can independently enhance the activity of the minimal activator region .", "entities": [ "simian foamy virus transcriptional activator Taf" ] }, { "id": "4477", "type": "gene", "text": "Alterations in TCR - MHC contacts subsequent to cross - recognition of class I MHC and singly substituted peptide variants .", "entities": [ "TCR", "MHC", "class I MHC" ] }, { "id": "4479", "type": "gene", "text": "The cloning of human apo B - 100 has provided new insights into the structure and physicochemical properties of apo B - 100 and will facilitate studies on the factors modulating apo B - 100 biosynthesis and the expression of the apo B - 100 gene in patients with dyslipoproteinemias .", "entities": [ "human apo B - 100", "apo B - 100", "apo B - 100", "apo B - 100 gene" ] }, { "id": "4482", "type": "gene", "text": "Repeated interferon - beta ( IFN - beta ) silencer B motifs and a lysozyme silencer 1 motif have been found in the CD95 gene at approximately - 1 , 600 and - 1 , 100 , respectively .", "entities": [ "interferon - beta", "IFN - beta", "lysozyme silencer 1 motif", "CD95 gene" ] }, { "id": "4483", "type": "gene", "text": "Action against Vibrio cholerae O1 Tox + of chemical products used in the lemon production .", "entities": [ "Tox +" ] }, { "id": "4484", "type": "gene", "text": "Patients with the chronic photosensitivity dermatitis with actinic reticuloid syndrome have high total serum IgE concentrations .", "entities": [ "IgE" ] }, { "id": "4486", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of the chromosome 19 breakpoint region revealed that the transcription factor - encoding USF2 gene is affected .", "entities": [ "transcription factor - encoding USF2 gene" ] }, { "id": "4487", "type": "gene", "text": "Tax and the active Tax mutants were able to abrogate the G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by p53 , and this effect does not correlate with an altered localization of nuclear p53 or with the disruption of p53 - DNA complexes .", "entities": [ "Tax", "Tax mutants", "p53", "nuclear p53", "p53 - DNA complexes" ] }, { "id": "4489", "type": "gene", "text": "Biochemical studies have identified a cellular non - P element - encoded DNA binding protein , termed the inverted repeat binding protein ( IRBP ) , that specifically interacts with the outer half of the 31 - bp terminal inverted repeats .", "entities": [ "non - P element - encoded DNA binding protein", "inverted repeat binding protein", "IRBP" ] }, { "id": "4491", "type": "gene", "text": "In the spontaneous abortion group , the levels of PAPP - A were significantly lower than in normal pregnancy but higher than in non - pregnant controls .", "entities": [ "PAPP - A" ] }, { "id": "4493", "type": "gene", "text": "A 4 . 0 - kb Nlk message is also present during embryogenesis , detectable at day E10 .", "entities": [ "Nlk message" ] }, { "id": "4495", "type": "gene", "text": "In cells infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing HCV structural proteins ( core , E1 , and E2 ) , DDX3 and core colocalized in distinct spots in the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm .", "entities": [ "core", "E1", "E2", "DDX3", "core" ] }, { "id": "4498", "type": "gene", "text": "The translational product of UL26 . 5 is infected - cell protein 35c , d ( ICP35c , d ) ( F .", "entities": [ "UL26 . 5", "infected - cell protein 35c , d", "ICP35c , d" ] }, { "id": "4499", "type": "gene", "text": "The mouse tapasin gene was mapped about 70 kilobases from H2 - K at the centromeric end of the mouse MHC .", "entities": [ "mouse tapasin gene", "H2 - K", "mouse MHC" ] }, { "id": "4500", "type": "gene", "text": "Due to significant homology to the C - terminus of the Mutator transposase this alternative gene product was named Trap ( transposon - associated protein ) .", "entities": [ "Mutator transposase", "Trap", "transposon - associated protein" ] }, { "id": "4502", "type": "gene", "text": "The c - raf - 1 proto - oncogene is the cellular homologue of v - raf , the oncogene of the acutely transforming retrovirus 3611 - MSV .", "entities": [ "c - raf - 1 proto - oncogene", "cellular homologue of v - raf" ] }, { "id": "4503", "type": "gene", "text": "Using gel retardation analysis , four binding sites for Rap1p have been identified within the promoter of the RAP1 gene .", "entities": [ "Rap1p", "RAP1 gene" ] }, { "id": "4507", "type": "gene", "text": "Subsequent analysis revealed that MyD88 possesses a unique modular structure , which consists of an N - terminal \" death domain , \" similar to the intracellular segments of TNF receptor 1 and Fas , and a C - terminal region related to the cytoplasmic domains of the Drosophila morphogen Toll and vertebrate interleukin - 1 receptors .", "entities": [ "MyD88", "TNF receptor 1", "Fas", "Drosophila morphogen Toll", "interleukin - 1 receptors" ] }, { "id": "4508", "type": "gene", "text": "RT - PCR analysis of FGFR - 3 mRNA showed the presence of a splice variant in which exons 7 and 8 are deleted .", "entities": [ "FGFR - 3 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4509", "type": "gene", "text": "In human myxoid liposarcoma , a chromosomal rearrangement leads to fusion of the growth - arresting and DNA - damage - inducible transcription factor CHOP ( GADD153 ) to a peptide fragment encoded by the TLS gene .", "entities": [ "CHOP", "GADD153", "TLS gene" ] }, { "id": "4512", "type": "gene", "text": "We previously described the upregulation of the MT2 antigen during urodele limb regeneration and characterized the MT2 antigen as a 310 - to 325 - kDa chondroitin - sulfated glycoprotein with a core protein of 285 - 300 kDa .", "entities": [ "MT2 antigen", "MT2 antigen" ] }, { "id": "4513", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of the MCV - 1 RPO1 revealed high amino acid homologies to the corresponding polypeptides of vaccinia and variola virus .", "entities": [ "MCV - 1 RPO1" ] }, { "id": "4514", "type": "gene", "text": "The effects of dopamine and of dopamine D2 receptor blocker haloperidol on the activity of carotid chemoreceptors were studied in 24 anesthetized , paralyzed and artificially ventilated newborn kittens aged 0 - 17 days .", "entities": [ "dopamine D2 receptor" ] }, { "id": "4520", "type": "gene", "text": "The activity of platelet factor 4 in plasma of healthy and high risk newborns .", "entities": [ "platelet factor 4" ] }, { "id": "4521", "type": "gene", "text": "Plasma renin activity in essential arterial hypertension .", "entities": [ "Plasma renin" ] }, { "id": "4523", "type": "gene", "text": "The proteins encoded by these genes , called GF14 proteins , participate in protein / DNA complexes and show more than 60 % identity with a highly conserved , widely distributed protein family , collectively referred to as 14 - 3 - 3 proteins .", "entities": [ "GF14 proteins", "14 - 3 - 3" ] }, { "id": "4524", "type": "gene", "text": "The p58 ( PITSLRE beta 1 ) protein kinase ( PK ) is a member of a large supergene family related to the master mitotic protein kinase , p34cdc2 .", "entities": [ "p58", "PITSLRE beta 1", "master mitotic protein kinase", "p34cdc2" ] }, { "id": "4526", "type": "gene", "text": "In contrast , NF - kappa B activation was observed in these cells after PMA stimulation .", "entities": [ "NF - kappa B" ] }, { "id": "4527", "type": "gene", "text": "PtdIns ( 4 , 5 ) P2 synthesis , on the other hand , is only moderately affected even in fab1Delta mutants .", "entities": [ "PtdIns ( 4 , 5 ) P2", "fab1Delta mutants" ] }, { "id": "4528", "type": "gene", "text": "A simple procedure for accurate quantitation of factor VIII inhibitors .", "entities": [ "factor VIII" ] }, { "id": "4530", "type": "gene", "text": "Low serum C3 values were observed in all 11 children at some stage of their illness .", "entities": [ "serum C3" ] }, { "id": "4531", "type": "gene", "text": "The plants were then brought to our Houston laboratory where they were measured and analyzed for lignin and protein content and for phenylalanine ammonia - lyase ( PAL ) and peroxidase activities .", "entities": [ "phenylalanine ammonia - lyase", "PAL", "peroxidase" ] }, { "id": "4532", "type": "gene", "text": "Pax - 6 constructs lacking the C - terminal activation domain repressed betaB1 - crystallin promoter activity as effectively as the full - length protein , but the PD alone or Pax - 6 ( 5a ) , a splice variant with an altered PD affecting its DNA binding specificity , did not .", "entities": [ "Pax - 6", "betaB1 - crystallin promoter", "PD", "Pax - 6 ( 5a )", "PD" ] }, { "id": "4535", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted amino acid sequence contained all consensus regions for S - adenosyl methionine methyltransferases and presented 26 % identity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae DHHB - methyltransferase and 38 % identity with the rat protein , as well as with a bacterial ( Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium ) methyltransferase encoded by the UBIG gene .", "entities": [ "S - adenosyl methionine methyltransferases", "Saccharomyces cerevisiae DHHB - methyltransferase", "methyltransferase", "UBIG gene" ] }, { "id": "4537", "type": "gene", "text": "The introduction of FWD1 into cells significantly promotes ubiquitination and degradation of IkappaBalpha in concert with IkappaB kinases , resulting in nuclear translocation of NF - kappaB .", "entities": [ "FWD1", "IkappaBalpha", "IkappaB kinases", "NF - kappaB" ] }, { "id": "4541", "type": "gene", "text": "To assess the effect on thrombus growth , we determined the accretion of 125I - labeled fibrinogen onto autologous non - radioactive thrombi preformed in the jugular veins of rabbits .", "entities": [ "fibrinogen" ] }, { "id": "4547", "type": "gene", "text": "Amino - terminal polymorphisms of the human beta 2 - adrenergic receptor impart distinct agonist - promoted regulatory properties .", "entities": [ "human beta 2 - adrenergic receptor" ] }, { "id": "4549", "type": "gene", "text": "Two plasmids , one containing the amino terminus of P fused to the DNA - binding domain of the yeast transactivator , GAL4 , and the other containing the amino terminus of NP fused to the herpesvirus transactivator , VP16 , were transfected in COS - 1 cells along with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) reporter plasmid containing GAL4 DNA - binding sites .", "entities": [ "GAL4", "NP", "VP16", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT", "GAL4" ] }, { "id": "4550", "type": "gene", "text": "Biochemical experiments and genome sequencing have shown that , despite the prokaryotic cell and genome organization , basal transcriptional elements of members of the domain Archaea ( i . e . , TATA box - like sequences , RNA polymerase , and transcription factors TBP , TFIIB , and TFIIS ) are of the eukaryotic type .", "entities": [ "RNA polymerase", "TBP", "TFIIB", "TFIIS" ] }, { "id": "4551", "type": "gene", "text": "Humoral immunity is altered with the drop in IgG levels .", "entities": [ "IgG" ] }, { "id": "4556", "type": "gene", "text": "We report on a case of a 43 - old - male with a bronchogenic cyst in the distal esophagus , which was misdiagnosed as a malignant esophageal tumor based on preoperative imaging and high levels of the tumor markers CA 19 - 9 and CA 125 .", "entities": [ "CA 19 - 9", "CA 125" ] }, { "id": "4560", "type": "gene", "text": "Gene GPR 51 was localized by radiation hybrid mapping to chromosome 9 , 4 . 81 cR from the WI - 8684 marker , and proximal to the hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 locus .", "entities": [ "Gene GPR 51", "hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 locus" ] }, { "id": "4562", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression of the leukocyte EL - 246 antigen was regulated in the same manner as L - selectin and EL - 246 recognized anti - L - selectin mAb affinity - purified antigen in SDS / PAGE Western blot analysis .", "entities": [ "leukocyte EL - 246 antigen", "L - selectin", "EL - 246", "anti - L - selectin mAb" ] }, { "id": "4565", "type": "gene", "text": "To examine the functional relationship between distinct cis - active elements within the distal enhancer region of the rat PRL gene , we have used deletional and mutational analysis of that region in transient transfection studies in GH3 pituitary tumor cells .", "entities": [ "rat PRL gene" ] }, { "id": "4566", "type": "gene", "text": "The entire coding region of an ovine endometrial oxytocin receptor ( OTR ) cDNA was generated by PCR , subcloned into the SV40 major late promoter expression vector pSVLJ and transiently expressed in Cos - 7 cells .", "entities": [ "ovine endometrial oxytocin receptor", "OTR", "SV40 major late promoter" ] }, { "id": "4568", "type": "gene", "text": "These operons encode subunits of photosystems I ( psa ) and II ( psb ) , the cytochrome bGf complex ( pet ) , the plastid NAD ( P ) H dehydrogenase ( ndh ) , and the unidentified open reading frame ycf9 .", "entities": [ "photosystems I", "psa", "psb", "cytochrome bGf complex", "pet", "NAD ( P ) H dehydrogenase", "ndh", "ycf9" ] }, { "id": "4569", "type": "gene", "text": "The phosphatidylglycerol / phosphatidylinositol transfer protein ( PG / PI - TP ) is a new and original phospholipid transfer protein ( PLTP ) isolated from the Deuteromycete , Aspergillus oryzae .", "entities": [ "phosphatidylglycerol / phosphatidylinositol transfer protein", "PG / PI - TP", "phospholipid transfer protein", "PLTP" ] }, { "id": "4570", "type": "gene", "text": "Transcriptional modulation of the anti - apoptotic protein BCL - XL by the paired box transcription factors PAX3 and PAX3 / FKHR .", "entities": [ "anti - apoptotic protein BCL - XL", "PAX3", "PAX3", "FKHR" ] }, { "id": "4571", "type": "gene", "text": "The level of expression of the PDE protein was monitored by immunoblot analysis using two specific cAMP - PDE polyclonal antibodies and by measuring the PDE activity .", "entities": [ "PDE protein", "cAMP - PDE polyclonal antibodies", "PDE" ] }, { "id": "4572", "type": "gene", "text": "Blotting analysis of intestinal RNA and hybridization of the blots with carboxy apoB cDNA probes produced a single 15 - kb hybridization band whereas hybridization with amino terminal probes produced two hybridization bands of 15 and 8 kb .", "entities": [ "apoB" ] }, { "id": "4573", "type": "gene", "text": "Since UmuD protein is proteolytically processed to an active form ( UmuD * ) in a RecA * - dependent fashion , and MucA shares extensive amino acid homology with UmuD , we examined whether MucA is similarly processed in the cell , using antiserum against a LacZ ' - ' MucA fusion protein .", "entities": [ "UmuD protein", "UmuD *", "RecA", "MucA", "UmuD", "MucA", "LacZ '", "' MucA" ] }, { "id": "4575", "type": "gene", "text": "We have determined the molecular organization and transcription start points ( tsp ) for the murine gene ( TK ) encoding thymidine kinase .", "entities": [ "TK", "thymidine kinase" ] }, { "id": "4577", "type": "gene", "text": "It is an untested argument that conventional beta - adrenoceptor antagonists possess unwanted metabolic effects that may counter some of their potential cardiac benefits .", "entities": [ "beta - adrenoceptor" ] }, { "id": "4578", "type": "gene", "text": "Genetic polymorphisms in the 5 ' - flanking region change transcriptional regulation of the human cytochrome P450IIE1 gene .", "entities": [ "human cytochrome P450IIE1 gene" ] }, { "id": "4582", "type": "gene", "text": "These studies reveal that CREM , a tissue - specific factor , is expressed and regulated by gonadotropins in the ovary , that the predominant CREM transcripts encode the repressor protein ICER , and that ICER is capable of inhibiting cAMP - induced expression of the inhibin alpha - subunit gene .", "entities": [ "CREM", "gonadotropins", "CREM", "repressor protein ICER", "ICER", "inhibin alpha - subunit gene" ] }, { "id": "4583", "type": "gene", "text": "The Brassica BTH1 gene may correspond to the Arabidopsis TH - 1 gene .", "entities": [ "Brassica BTH1 gene", "Arabidopsis TH - 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "4586", "type": "gene", "text": "Acanthamoeba myosin I heavy chain kinase ( MIHCK ) phosphorylates the heavy chains of amoeba myosins I , increasing their actin - activated ATPase activities .", "entities": [ "Acanthamoeba myosin I heavy chain kinase", "MIHCK", "amoeba myosins I", "actin", "ATPase" ] }, { "id": "4587", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutation of the HNF3 element significantly reduced promoter activity in HepG2 cells , whereas this element in isolation conferred HNF3beta responsiveness to a heterologous promoter .", "entities": [ "HNF3 element", "HNF3beta" ] }, { "id": "4588", "type": "gene", "text": "The mitochondrial tyrosyl - tRNA synthetase of Podospora anserina is a bifunctional enzyme active in protein synthesis and RNA splicing .", "entities": [ "mitochondrial tyrosyl - tRNA synthetase" ] }, { "id": "4589", "type": "gene", "text": "The findings in the human multiple myeloma cell lines represent the first examples of B cells with downregulated PU . 1 expression and apparently contradict observations in the murine system in which PU . 1 is expressed and active in plasmacytoma cell lines .", "entities": [ "PU . 1", "PU . 1" ] }, { "id": "4590", "type": "gene", "text": "The traW gene of the Escherichia coli K - 12 sex factor , F , encodes one of the numerous proteins required for conjugative transfer of this plasmid .", "entities": [ "traW gene of the Escherichia coli K - 12 sex factor" ] }, { "id": "4592", "type": "gene", "text": "However , technical advances have shown the limitations of these tests as tests for IgM can be positive because of residual specific IgM or even in subjects free of acute infection due to the existence of natural interfering IgM .", "entities": [ "IgM", "IgM", "IgM" ] }, { "id": "4595", "type": "gene", "text": "We have utilized transient transfections , mutation analysis , electromobility gel - shifts , and immunoblot analysis to test the hypothesis that expression of the CTalpha gene is controlled in part by the binding of three trans - acting nuclear factors , Sp1 , Sp2 , and Sp3 .", "entities": [ "CTalpha gene", "Sp1", "Sp2", "Sp3" ] }, { "id": "4596", "type": "gene", "text": "AMPK is a heterotrimer composed of a catalytic subunit ( alpha ) and two regulatory subunits ( beta and gamma ) .", "entities": [ "AMPK" ] }, { "id": "4597", "type": "gene", "text": "The evolutionary significance of the similarities of intron secondary structures and open reading frames of the ND3 , 4 and ATPase 6 genes is discussed , including the possible separate evolution of structural and coding sequences .", "entities": [ "ND3 , 4 and ATPase 6 genes" ] }, { "id": "4598", "type": "gene", "text": "Antinuclear antibodies , rheumatoid factor and C - reactive protein in serum of normal women using oral contraceptives .", "entities": [ "rheumatoid factor", "C - reactive protein" ] }, { "id": "4603", "type": "gene", "text": "We propose that unc - 37 may be regulated by unc - 4 .", "entities": [ "unc - 37", "unc - 4" ] }, { "id": "4604", "type": "gene", "text": "Adenovirus infection of hepatoma cells inhibited transcription of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ( GTP ) ( EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 32 ) ( PEPCK ) gene and virtually eliminated transcription of a chimeric gene which contained the PEPCK promoter linked to the structural gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) .", "entities": [ "phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase", "EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 32", "PEPCK", "PEPCK promoter", "chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "4607", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of the gene encoding transcription factor cyclic adenosine 3 ' , 5 ' - monophosphate ( cAMP ) response element - binding protein ( CREB ) : regulation by follicle - stimulating hormone - induced cAMP signaling in primary rat Sertoli cells .", "entities": [ "transcription factor cyclic adenosine 3 ' , 5 ' - monophosphate ( cAMP ) response element - binding protein", "CREB", "follicle - stimulating hormone" ] }, { "id": "4611", "type": "gene", "text": "High and pathological PAI - 1 levels before and after the VO test were consistent with a defective fibrinolytic potential due to the inhibitory effect of PAI - 1 on plasminogen activation .", "entities": [ "PAI - 1", "PAI - 1", "plasminogen" ] }, { "id": "4612", "type": "gene", "text": "During hexamethylene bisactamide ( HMBA ) - induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia ( MEL ) cells erythroid genes are transcriptionally activated while c - myb and several other nuclear proto - oncogenes are down - regulated .", "entities": [ "c - myb" ] }, { "id": "4616", "type": "gene", "text": "Choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry combined with the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase showed that the reticular and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei of the cat receive an important input from cholinergic and non - cholinergic neurons of substantia innominata and adjacent structures in the basal forebrain .", "entities": [ "Choline acetyltransferase", "horseradish peroxidase" ] }, { "id": "4617", "type": "gene", "text": "( i ) The chimeric gene consisting of the coding and 5 ' nontranslated leader regions of the TK gene fused to portions of the domain of alpha gene 0 extending largely upstream from the site of initiation of transcription of alpha gene 0 was regulated in the same fashion as the alpha 4 - and alpha 27 - TK chimeras .", "entities": [ "TK gene", "alpha gene 0", "alpha gene 0", "alpha 4 - and alpha 27 - TK" ] }, { "id": "4620", "type": "gene", "text": "Nuclear proteins bound the cad + 55 / + 75 element in a cell cycle - dependent manner in electromobility shift assays ; antibodies specific to USF and Max blocked the DNA - binding activity of different growth - regulated protein - DNA complexes .", "entities": [ "cad + 55 / + 75 element", "USF", "Max" ] }, { "id": "4621", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , an unmodified threonine at position 169 in Cdc28 is important for interaction with G1 cyclins .", "entities": [ "Cdc28", "G1 cyclins" ] }, { "id": "4622", "type": "gene", "text": "Additional genetic analyses described herein suggest that Skb1 is a component of the morphology control branch of the Ras signaling cascade in S . pombe and that it positively modulates Shk1 function .", "entities": [ "Skb1", "Ras", "Shk1" ] }, { "id": "4624", "type": "gene", "text": "From a chromosomal cosmid library of Streptomyces argillaceus , a Mtm producer , a clone ( cosAR7 ) was isolated by homology to the actI / III region of S . coelicolor and the strDEM genes of S . griseus .", "entities": [ "Mtm", "actI / III region", "strDEM genes" ] }, { "id": "4625", "type": "gene", "text": "In this report , we investigated whether the cleavage of the RRKR motif of MT - MMP1 by Golgi - associated furin is analogous to a similar enzyme activation mechanism observed with stromelysin - 3 .", "entities": [ "MT - MMP1", "Golgi - associated furin", "stromelysin - 3" ] }, { "id": "4626", "type": "gene", "text": "Coexpression of C / EBP alpha altered the cell specificity .", "entities": [ "C / EBP alpha" ] }, { "id": "4631", "type": "gene", "text": "Escherichia coli strains carrying recA730 ( or other recA * alleles ) exhibit dramatic increases in SOS - dependent spontaneous mutator activity .", "entities": [ "recA730", "recA * alleles" ] }, { "id": "4633", "type": "gene", "text": "We report the complete nucleotide sequence of the camC gene along with 155 base pairs of 5 ' and 175 base pairs of 3 ' flanking sequence .", "entities": [ "camC gene" ] }, { "id": "4635", "type": "gene", "text": "gp170 is generated by an alternatively spliced Env mRNA using a splice donor and splice acceptor pair localized within the env open reading frame ( ORF ) , which is normally used to generate Bell and Bet transcripts derived from the internal promoter within the env ORF .", "entities": [ "gp170", "Env mRNA", "env open reading frame ( ORF )", "Bell", "Bet transcripts", "env ORF" ] }, { "id": "4636", "type": "gene", "text": "gp170 is expressed at a level 30 to 50 % of the Env precursor gp130 .", "entities": [ "gp170", "gp130" ] }, { "id": "4637", "type": "gene", "text": "In marked contrast to the previously published human CD6 sequence , the mouse sequence predicts a long cytoplasmic tail that is not closely related to other proteins and possesses two proline - rich motifs containing the SH3 - domain binding consensus sequence , three protein kinase C phosphorylation site motifs , nine casein kinase - 2 phosphorylation site motifs , and a serine - threonine - rich motif repeated three times .", "entities": [ "human CD6 sequence", "SH3 - domain binding consensus sequence", "protein kinase C phosphorylation site motifs", "casein kinase - 2 phosphorylation site motifs" ] }, { "id": "4638", "type": "gene", "text": "ET - 1 limited the electrocardiographic evidence of subendocardial ischemia and attenuated contractile dysfunction compared with mechanical stenosis at the same coronary flows , even though lactate flux was similar .", "entities": [ "ET - 1" ] }, { "id": "4639", "type": "gene", "text": "Our results are consistent with TCOF1 mutations leading to the Treacher Collins syndrome phenotype .", "entities": [ "TCOF1 mutations" ] }, { "id": "4644", "type": "gene", "text": "Residues that affect PLCbeta and adenylyl cyclase II activity are found on opposite sides of the central tunnel , suggesting that PLC and adenylyl cyclase , like the alpha subunit , make many contacts on the top surface .", "entities": [ "PLCbeta", "adenylyl cyclase II", "PLC", "adenylyl cyclase" ] }, { "id": "4646", "type": "gene", "text": "The CBS - 1 gene was mapped to human chromosome 10p12 between markers WI - 8535 and WI - 4724 , and is tightly linked to the two STRP markers of D10S1789 and D10S550 .", "entities": [ "CBS - 1 gene", "WI - 8535", "WI - 4724", "D10S1789", "D10S550" ] }, { "id": "4655", "type": "gene", "text": "The MEF - 2 proteins are a family of transcriptional activators that have been detected in a wide variety of cell types .", "entities": [ "MEF - 2 proteins" ] }, { "id": "4656", "type": "gene", "text": "The ferric uptake regulation ( fur ) gene product participates in regulating expression of the manganese - and iron - containing superoxide dismutase genes of Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "ferric uptake regulation", "fur", "superoxide dismutase genes of Escherichia coli" ] }, { "id": "4657", "type": "gene", "text": "To date , 6 mammalian GRKs have been identified by molecular cloning .", "entities": [ "GRKs" ] }, { "id": "4660", "type": "gene", "text": "Vertebrate U6 small nuclear RNA ( snRNA ) loci exemplify a novel class of polymerase III - transcribed genes that lack an intragenic control region ( ICR ) .", "entities": [ "U6 small nuclear RNA", "polymerase III" ] }, { "id": "4661", "type": "gene", "text": "Elements of the hAT transposon family , such as the maize activator ( Ac ) , have been discovered in a large number of eukaryotic species .", "entities": [ "hAT transposon family", "maize activator", "Ac" ] }, { "id": "4664", "type": "gene", "text": "We found both the v - Ras - and PC - PLC - transformed cells to be insensitive to stimulation with platelet - derived growth factor ( PDGF ) .", "entities": [ "v - Ras", "PC - PLC", "platelet - derived growth factor", "PDGF" ] }, { "id": "4666", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequence analysis of the catfish JH - CH intron suggests that several sequences are present which appear similar to important transcriptional regulatory elements found within JH - CH introns of higher vertebrates .", "entities": [ "JH", "CH", "JH", "CH" ] }, { "id": "4669", "type": "gene", "text": "However , the pre3 - 2 mutation strengthened phenotypes induced by other 20 S proteasomal mutations , indicating that the peptidylglutamyl peptide - hydrolyzing activity has to fulfill some rescue functions .", "entities": [ "pre3 - 2 mutation", "20 S proteasomal mutations" ] }, { "id": "4672", "type": "gene", "text": "The tro operon is flanked by a Holliday structure DNA helicase homolog ( upstream ) and two ORFs representing a purine nucleoside phosphorylase homolog and tpp15 , a previously characterized gene encoding a membrane lipoprotein ( downstream ) .", "entities": [ "tro operon", "Holliday structure DNA helicase", "purine nucleoside phosphorylase", "tpp15" ] }, { "id": "4674", "type": "gene", "text": "In order to search for mutations in the multicopy RBM genes that might be associated with male infertility , we have used sequence data from the reported cDNA clone to determine the intron exon boundaries of the YRRM 1 gene .", "entities": [ "multicopy RBM genes", "YRRM 1 gene" ] }, { "id": "4679", "type": "gene", "text": "By RT - PCR , different levels of E75 expression can be detected in the epidermis , nerve cord and the eyestalk of early pre - molt shrimp .", "entities": [ "E75" ] }, { "id": "4682", "type": "gene", "text": "No cleavage of gp 130 was observed in analogous pulse - chase radiolabelling of Ad - gB - infected human fibroblasts , even though these cells are permissive for HCMV replication and can process the native gB molecule .", "entities": [ "gp 130", "gB", "native gB molecule" ] }, { "id": "4683", "type": "gene", "text": "A phylogenetic comparison of 32 species showed minor differences in the apoB mRNA sequence , and the apoB mRNA from 31 species was robustly edited in vitro .", "entities": [ "apoB mRNA sequence", "apoB mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4685", "type": "gene", "text": "Sugar analysis was performed on alpha - TM to investigate a possible biosynthetic mechanism for part - time PGs .", "entities": [ "alpha - TM" ] }, { "id": "4687", "type": "gene", "text": "These include the genes , undefined 1 ( UD1 ) , UD2 , and UD3 , each coding for proteins of unknown function , the ken gene encoding a new Kruppel - like putative transcription factor , the fly homologues of the mammalian mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme ( thiolase ) , and the TAR DNA - binding protein - 43 ( TBPH ) , the first nonvertebrate member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily ( TM4SF ) gene , a new homeodomain gene , and a gene coding for a putative nuclear binding protein ( PNBP ) that is homologous to maleless , and a Copia - like element .", "entities": [ "undefined 1", "UD1", "UD2", "UD3", "ken gene", "Kruppel - like putative transcription factor", "mammalian mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme", "thiolase", "TAR DNA - binding protein - 43", "TBPH", "transmembrane 4 superfamily", "TM4SF", "homeodomain gene", "maleless", "Copia - like element" ] }, { "id": "4688", "type": "gene", "text": "TRAF2 has previously been demonstrated to activate both transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB ( NFkappaB ) and the c - Jun N - terminal kinase / stress - activated protein kinase ( JNK / SAPK ) pathway , which in turn stimulates transcription factor activating protein 1 ( AP1 ) mainly via phosphorylation of the c - Jun component .", "entities": [ "TRAF2", "nuclear factor kappaB", "NFkappaB", "c - Jun N - terminal kinase", "stress - activated protein kinase", "JNK", "SAPK", "transcription factor activating protein 1", "AP1", "c - Jun" ] }, { "id": "4689", "type": "gene", "text": "A procaryotic regulatory factor with a histone H1 - like carboxy - terminal domain : clonal variation of repeats within algP , a gene involved in regulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa .", "entities": [ "histone H1 - like carboxy - terminal domain", "algP" ] }, { "id": "4690", "type": "gene", "text": "The host range ( HR ) of poliovirus is thought to be primarily determined by a cell surface molecule that functions as poliovirus receptor ( PVR ) , since it has been shown that transgenic mice are made poliovirus sensitive by introducing the human PVR gene into the genome .", "entities": [ "poliovirus receptor", "PVR", "human PVR gene" ] }, { "id": "4691", "type": "gene", "text": "Human alcohol dehydrogenase ( ADH ) exists as a heterogeneous group of isozymes capable of oxidizing a wide variety of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols .", "entities": [ "Human alcohol dehydrogenase", "ADH" ] }, { "id": "4692", "type": "gene", "text": "The control of human aromatase expression is complex in that several promoters drive aromatase expression in a tissue - specific manner .", "entities": [ "human aromatase", "aromatase" ] }, { "id": "4694", "type": "gene", "text": "This incompatibility phenotype requires the global transcriptional repressor , KorB , and the target for incC - mediated incompatibility is a KorB - binding site ( O ( B ) ) .", "entities": [ "KorB", "incC", "KorB - binding site ( O ( B ) )" ] }, { "id": "4696", "type": "gene", "text": "The effect of the negative regulatory element is negated by the viral IE2 protein ( L .", "entities": [ "viral IE2 protein" ] }, { "id": "4697", "type": "gene", "text": "RXRalpha / RARalpha heterodimers and HNF - 4 homodimers bind to DR - 1 motifs on elements B and I4 , respectively .", "entities": [ "RXRalpha", "RARalpha", "HNF - 4 homodimers" ] }, { "id": "4698", "type": "gene", "text": "Evidence for involvement of proteins HU and RpoS in transcription of the osmoresponsive proU operon in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "HU", "RpoS", "proU operon" ] }, { "id": "4704", "type": "gene", "text": "Characterization of a unique protein component of yeast RNase MRP : an RNA - binding protein with a zinc - cluster domain .", "entities": [ "yeast RNase MRP" ] }, { "id": "4710", "type": "gene", "text": "We concluded that RXR - gamma induced terminal differentiation in SCC lines , suggesting a potential tumor suppressor function for this transcription factor .", "entities": [ "RXR - gamma" ] }, { "id": "4712", "type": "gene", "text": "The infection of cells with Moloney murine leukemia virus ( M - MuLV ) causes an increase in specific cellular gene products , including the major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) class I antigens .", "entities": [ "major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) class I antigens" ] }, { "id": "4713", "type": "gene", "text": "These data demonstrate that oleosin gene transcription is regulated in a tissue - specific and temporally regulated manner and clearly indicate that oleosin protein expression is co - ordinated primarily at the transcriptional level .", "entities": [ "oleosin gene", "oleosin protein" ] }, { "id": "4716", "type": "gene", "text": "Although immunoglobulin and CRP concentration increased , anemia obviously improved with hemoglobin levels increasing from 4 . 8 g / dl to 8 . 5 g / dl without any side effects .", "entities": [ "immunoglobulin", "CRP", "hemoglobin" ] }, { "id": "4720", "type": "gene", "text": "Together , these results implicate Fal1p in the 18S rRNA maturation pathway rather than in translation initiation .", "entities": [ "Fal1p", "18S rRNA" ] }, { "id": "4723", "type": "gene", "text": "The expression of CAPL , a second protein involved in calcium metabolism , was only moderately elevated in the doxorubicin - resistant cells .", "entities": [ "CAPL" ] }, { "id": "4725", "type": "gene", "text": "Despite this dependency , however , a B . japonicum fixK mutant did not have the phenotypic characteristics of B . japonicum fixL and fixJ mutants : the fixK mutant was neither Fix - in symbiosis with soybean plants nor defective in anaerobic respiration with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor .", "entities": [ "B . japonicum fixK mutant", "B . japonicum fixL", "fixJ mutants", "fixK mutant" ] }, { "id": "4730", "type": "gene", "text": "Human PDNP3 is expressed in glioma cells , prostate , and uterus , but not in the alimentary tract .", "entities": [ "Human PDNP3" ] }, { "id": "4733", "type": "gene", "text": "Screening of a human foetal brain genomic DNA library allowed us to isolate an EcoRI - EcoRI fragment containing 6 kb of the 5 ' - flanking region , the open reading frame and 4 kb of the 3 ' - flanking region of the alpha2C4 gene .", "entities": [ "EcoRI", "EcoRI", "alpha2C4 gene" ] }, { "id": "4735", "type": "gene", "text": "The rate of decrease of PRA after REM onset closely approximates the most recent estimations of PRA half - life , which suggests that REM onset is associated with a virtual cessation in renin production .", "entities": [ "renin" ] }, { "id": "4736", "type": "gene", "text": "Similarly , interfering with MEKK , which lies upstream of JNK1 , using a dominant negative expression vector reduced MMP - 9 promoter activity over the same concentration range which repressed the AP - 1 - thymidine kinase CAT reporter construct .", "entities": [ "MEKK", "JNK1", "MMP - 9 promoter", "AP - 1", "CAT" ] }, { "id": "4737", "type": "gene", "text": "There was no difference in serum albumin and transferrin levels , but serum prealbumin levels in the group fed early were more desirable than those of the control group ( from 15 . 8 + / - 2 . 5 mg / dl to 28 . 9 + / - 3 . 8 mg / dl vs from 18 . 0 + / - 2 . 0 mg / dl to 25 . 9 + / - 3 . 9 mg / dl ) .", "entities": [ "serum albumin", "transferrin", "serum prealbumin" ] }, { "id": "4744", "type": "gene", "text": "Northern blot analysis of enoyl - ACP reductase mRNA steady - state levels during seed development suggests that the increase in enzyme activity during the phase of storage lipid accumulation is regulated at the level of gene expression .", "entities": [ "enoyl - ACP reductase mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4747", "type": "gene", "text": "This constant expression profile , coupled with the observation that over - expression of mSin3A does not augment the anti - Myc activity of Mxi1 - SR in the rat embryo fibroblast ( REF ) transformation assay , suggests that mSin3A is not a limiting factor in the regulation of Myc superfamily function .", "entities": [ "mSin3A", "anti - Myc", "Mxi1", "mSin3A", "Myc superfamily" ] }, { "id": "4748", "type": "gene", "text": "The sequences at - 10 and - 35 relative to the transcriptional starting site showed 55 % homology with the consensus sequences of the Escherichia coli sigma 70 - type promoter .", "entities": [ "Escherichia coli sigma 70 - type promoter" ] }, { "id": "4750", "type": "gene", "text": "METHODS : The Die Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse Studie is a prospective randomized placebo - controlled trial that tests the hypothesis that atorvastatin , a hydroxymethyl - glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor , decreases the rate of cardiovascular mortality and of nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes who have been on hemodialysis treatment for no more than two years .", "entities": [ "hydroxymethyl - glutaryl coenzyme A reductase" ] }, { "id": "4753", "type": "gene", "text": "This unusual behaviour may be explained by the 18 amino acid - long CDR - H3 and could be of value in the design of ' single domain ' antibodies .", "entities": [ "18 amino acid - long CDR - H3" ] }, { "id": "4756", "type": "gene", "text": "It has also been previously demonstrated that LPS treatment of splenic B cells from athymic mice results in a decrease in steady state mRNA encoding the A alpha class II protein .", "entities": [ "A alpha class II protein" ] }, { "id": "4763", "type": "gene", "text": "High - affinity binding was also observed with recombinant SH2 domains from v - src and v - fps , raising the possibility of protein - protein interactions between various members of the cytoplasmic PTK family .", "entities": [ "recombinant SH2 domains", "v - src", "v - fps", "cytoplasmic PTK family" ] }, { "id": "4764", "type": "gene", "text": "Mutational analysis of the putative effector domain of the GTP - binding Ypt1 protein in yeast suggests specific regulation by a novel GAP activity .", "entities": [ "GTP - binding Ypt1 protein", "GAP" ] }, { "id": "4766", "type": "gene", "text": "The broad range protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein and the phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase inhibitors wortmannin and LY 294002 ( 2 - ( 4 - morpholinyl ) - 8 - phenyl - 4H - 1 - benzopyran - 4 - one ) also blocked adenosine A3 receptor stimulation of p42 / p44 MAPK .", "entities": [ "protein tyrosine kinase", "phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase", "adenosine A3 receptor", "p42", "p44" ] }, { "id": "4767", "type": "gene", "text": "Surprisingly , although Mist1 binds to E - boxes in vivo , the Mist1 protein lacks a functional transcription activation domain .", "entities": [ "Mist1", "Mist1 protein" ] }, { "id": "4768", "type": "gene", "text": "As exogenously expressed PKR can form heterodimers with endogenous PKR , the results obtained on the functional characterization of mutant forms of PKR have been taken with caution .", "entities": [ "PKR", "endogenous PKR", "PKR" ] }, { "id": "4769", "type": "gene", "text": "Orlistat is a specific lipase inhibitor that impairs fat absorption , thereby reducing fat uptake .", "entities": [ "lipase" ] }, { "id": "4770", "type": "gene", "text": "The metalloproteinase mediating Met cleavage was specifically inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ( TIMP ) - 3 , but not by TIMP - 1 or TIMP - 2 .", "entities": [ "metalloproteinase", "Met", "tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ( TIMP ) - 3", "TIMP - 1", "TIMP - 2" ] }, { "id": "4772", "type": "gene", "text": "It is also conceivable that elevated insulin levels may cause hypertriglyceridaemia and possibly other abnormalities of lipid metabolism .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "4774", "type": "gene", "text": "The clr1 locus regulates the expression of the cryptic mating - type loci of fission yeast .", "entities": [ "clr1 locus", "cryptic mating - type loci of fission yeast" ] }, { "id": "4778", "type": "gene", "text": "Instead , HBx is shown to activate the cyclin A promoter , induce cyclin A - cyclin - dependent kinase 2 complexes , and promote cycling of growth - arrested cells into G1 through a pathway involving activation of Src tyrosine kinases .", "entities": [ "HBx", "cyclin A promoter", "cyclin A", "cyclin - dependent kinase 2", "Src tyrosine kinases" ] }, { "id": "4779", "type": "gene", "text": "Growth hormone exerts its effects on the ovarian follicular cycle directly or by local production of insulin - like growth factor 1 ( IGF - 1 ) .", "entities": [ "Growth hormone", "insulin - like growth factor 1", "IGF - 1" ] }, { "id": "4780", "type": "gene", "text": "The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the ESRD treatment modality on the quality of life in patients with Type I ( insulin - dependent ) diabetes mellitus .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "4785", "type": "gene", "text": "Decidual / trophoblast prolactin - related protein : characterization of gene structure and cell - specific expression .", "entities": [ "Decidual / trophoblast prolactin - related protein" ] }, { "id": "4786", "type": "gene", "text": "Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to investigate the physical distribution and revealed that both retrotransposon families are present on all sugar beet chromosomes and largely excluded from chromosomal regions harbouring the 18S - 5 . 8S - 25S rRNA genes .", "entities": [ "18S", "5 . 8S", "25S" ] }, { "id": "4788", "type": "gene", "text": "An insertion sequence element ( IS1170 ) was identified upstream of the nimC gene .", "entities": [ "nimC gene" ] }, { "id": "4789", "type": "gene", "text": "The organelles synthesize their own set of Fe / S proteins , and they initiate the generation of extramitochondrial Fe / S proteins .", "entities": [ "Fe / S proteins", "extramitochondrial Fe / S proteins" ] }, { "id": "4790", "type": "gene", "text": "Most significantly , the cyclin E - Cdk2 complex is maximally active at the G1 / S transition , and overexpression of cyclin E decreases the time it takes the cell to complete G1 and enter S phase .", "entities": [ "cyclin E", "Cdk2", "cyclin E" ] }, { "id": "4791", "type": "gene", "text": "A genomic clone of the chicken osteopontin - encoding gene ( opn ) was isolated and found to be organized as follows : an untranslated 5 ' exon ; a signal peptide ; a recognition sequence for phosphorylation by casein kinase II ; a domain containing a possible O - linkage site for glycosylation ; a second casein kinase II phosphorylation site ; an exon containing three functional regions , the poly - Asp sequence of seven consecutive Asp residues , the RGD integrin recognition site and a potential N - linkage site for glycosylation ; and a large C - terminal exon which also contains a potential N - linkage site for glycosylation .", "entities": [ "chicken osteopontin - encoding gene", "opn", "casein kinase II", "casein kinase II phosphorylation site", "RGD integrin recognition site" ] }, { "id": "4792", "type": "gene", "text": "However , neither SF - 1 nor NGF - IB alone , binding as monomers , increases transcription .", "entities": [ "SF - 1", "NGF - IB" ] }, { "id": "4794", "type": "gene", "text": "Structural organization of the human Elk1 gene and its processed pseudogene Elk2 .", "entities": [ "human Elk1 gene", "pseudogene Elk2" ] }, { "id": "4799", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition , while GCN1 is required in vivo for phosphorylation of eIF - 2 alpha by GCN2 , cell extracts from gcn1 delta strains contained wild - type levels of GCN2 eIF - 2 alpha - kinase activity .", "entities": [ "GCN1", "eIF - 2 alpha", "GCN2", "gcn1 delta", "eIF - 2 alpha" ] }, { "id": "4800", "type": "gene", "text": "SCOF - 1 localized to the nucleus but did not bind directly to either C - repeat / dehydration ( CRT / DRE ) or ABA responsive element ( ABRE ) , cis - acting DNA regulatory elements present in COR gene promoters .", "entities": [ "SCOF - 1", "COR gene promoters" ] }, { "id": "4803", "type": "gene", "text": "Polymorphisms in the CCR5 genes of African green monkeys and mice implicate specific amino acids in infections by simian and human immunodeficiency viruses .", "entities": [ "CCR5 genes" ] }, { "id": "4804", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , we detect hCoch - 5B2 on three overlapping YACs , two of which also contain one of the markers linked to DFNA9 .", "entities": [ "hCoch - 5B2", "DFNA9" ] }, { "id": "4805", "type": "gene", "text": "mCoch - 5B2 was genetically mapped in the mouse to chromosome 12 , in a region of homologous synteny with human 14q11 . 2 - q13 , which contains the asp1 ( audiogenic seizure prone ) locus in the mouse .", "entities": [ "mCoch - 5B2", "asp1", "audiogenic seizure prone" ] }, { "id": "4807", "type": "gene", "text": "Although no detectable phenotypes are associated with a disruption allele of ABP1 , mutations that create a requirement for this protein have now been isolated in the previously identified gene SAC6 and in two new genes , SLA1 and SLA2 .", "entities": [ "ABP1", "gene SAC6", "SLA1", "SLA2" ] }, { "id": "4810", "type": "gene", "text": "Cross - talk between transcription factors NF - kappa B and C / EBP in the transcriptional regulation of genes .", "entities": [ "NF - kappa B", "C / EBP" ] }, { "id": "4812", "type": "gene", "text": "The detergent - solubilized complex oxidizes caldariella quinol at high rates and is completely inhibited by cyanide and by quinolone analogs , potent inhibitors of quinol oxidases .", "entities": [ "quinol oxidases" ] }, { "id": "4813", "type": "gene", "text": "We have characterized a new cDNA , 33k - 6 , potentially encoding a tobacco 33 kDa chloroplast RNP ( cp33 ) homologue .", "entities": [ "tobacco 33 kDa chloroplast RNP ( cp33 ) homologue" ] }, { "id": "4815", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , CL100 suppresses the [ val12 ] ras - induced activation of MAP kinase in a cell - free system from Xenopus oocytes .", "entities": [ "CL100", "ras", "MAP kinase" ] }, { "id": "4816", "type": "gene", "text": "The Xenopus homeobox gene twin mediates Wnt induction of goosecoid in establishment of Spemann ' s organizer .", "entities": [ "Xenopus homeobox gene twin", "Wnt", "goosecoid" ] }, { "id": "4818", "type": "gene", "text": "The vaccinia virus D6R open reading frame encodes the small subunit of the heterodimeric vaccinia virus early transcription factor ( VETF ) that activates transcription of early genes in vitro .", "entities": [ "D6R", "vaccinia virus early transcription factor", "VETF", "early genes" ] }, { "id": "4822", "type": "gene", "text": "We show that GCNF binds to one of the two DRO sequences in the Prm1 promoter , and to the DRO sequence in the Prm2 promoter in a specific manner .", "entities": [ "GCNF", "Prm1 promoter", "Prm2 promoter" ] }, { "id": "4824", "type": "gene", "text": "The data also suggest that gamma CACCC box binding factors mediate LCR - gamma interactions which normally enhance gamma - globin and suppress beta - globin gene expression in fetal erythroid cells .", "entities": [ "gamma CACCC box binding factors", "LCR - gamma", "gamma - globin", "beta - globin gene" ] }, { "id": "4826", "type": "gene", "text": "Octamer recognition is mediated by the POU domain , a conserved structural motif which - - like the zinc finger and leucine zipper - - defines a family of related transcription factors .", "entities": [ "POU" ] }, { "id": "4829", "type": "gene", "text": "The major promoter element of the Xenopus laevis 5S RNA gene is located within the transcribed region of the gene and forms the binding site for the transcription initiation factor TFIIIA .", "entities": [ "Xenopus laevis 5S RNA gene", "TFIIIA" ] }, { "id": "4830", "type": "gene", "text": "During each step of the pulse infusion the osteocalcin responses to changes in CaI in general were parallel to the changes in PTH ( r = 0 . 462 ; P = 0 . 02 ) and were inversely correlated to CaI ( r = - 0 . 562 ; P = 0 . 003 ) .", "entities": [ "osteocalcin", "PTH" ] }, { "id": "4831", "type": "gene", "text": "The gamma - GCS gene is expressed ubiquitously and induced coordinately with NAD ( P ) H : quinone oxidoreductase ( 1 ) ( NQO1 ) and glutathione S - transferase Ya ( GST Ya ) in response to xenobiotics and antioxidants .", "entities": [ "gamma - GCS gene", "NAD ( P ) H : quinone oxidoreductase ( 1 )", "NQO1", "glutathione S - transferase Ya", "GST Ya" ] }, { "id": "4832", "type": "gene", "text": "Interestingly , the expression of Id4 in Sertoli cells is only detectable after stimulation with FSH or cAMP .", "entities": [ "Id4", "FSH" ] }, { "id": "4833", "type": "gene", "text": "We determined their N - terminal amino acid sequence and found that these polypeptides were CotT , YeeK , YxeE , CotF , YrbA ( 31 and 45 kDa ) , and SpoIVA , respectively .", "entities": [ "CotT", "YeeK", "YxeE", "CotF", "YrbA", "SpoIVA" ] }, { "id": "4835", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , it is also established that serine phosphorylation of STAT5a transactivation domain , via the MAPK pathway , is a means of modifying GH - induced transcriptional activation .", "entities": [ "STAT5a", "MAPK", "GH" ] }, { "id": "4836", "type": "gene", "text": "ES cells in which the gene for the erythroid transcription factor GATA - 1 has been disrupted fail to produce mature erythroid cells either in vivo or in vitro .", "entities": [ "GATA - 1" ] }, { "id": "4838", "type": "gene", "text": "It is concluded that the predominant action of LSD on the female copulatory response is not mediated by increased dopamine receptor activity but that the LSD effect might be modulated by decreased dopaminergic activity .", "entities": [ "dopamine receptor" ] }, { "id": "4839", "type": "gene", "text": "Therefore , in VDR - mediated transcriptional activation , 1 , 25 ( OH ) 2D3 binding to VDR alters the conformation of the ligand binding domain such that it : ( i ) engages in strong heterodimerization with RXR to facilitate VDRE binding , ( ii ) influences the RXR ligand binding domain such that it is resistant to the binding of 9 - cis RA but active in recruiting coactivator to its AF - 2 and ( iii ) presents the AF - 2 region in VDR for coactivator association .", "entities": [ "VDR", "VDR", "RXR", "RXR ligand binding domain", "VDR" ] }, { "id": "4840", "type": "gene", "text": "In patients , 750 mL of saline lowered DL ( CO ) ( - 8 % , P < 0 . 01 versus baseline ) , D ( M ) ( - 10 % , P < 0 . 01 versus baseline ) , aldosterone ( - 29 % , P < 0 . 01 versus baseline ) , renin ( - 52 % , P < 0 . 01 versus baseline ) , and hematocrit ( - 6 % , P < 0 . 05 versus baseline ) and increased V ( C ) ( 20 % , P < 0 . 01 versus baseline ) , without changing rap and wpp .", "entities": [ "renin" ] }, { "id": "4841", "type": "gene", "text": "We have previously identified LIT1 , a paternally expressed antisense RNA within the KvLQT1 locus through a positional screening approach using human monochromosomal hybrids .", "entities": [ "LIT1", "KvLQT1 locus" ] }, { "id": "4843", "type": "gene", "text": "The predicted amino acid sequence of the FlaB2 polypeptide was 92 % identical to that of T . pallidum FlaB2 , with a 76 % identity at the nucleotide level .", "entities": [ "FlaB2 polypeptide", "T . pallidum FlaB2" ] }, { "id": "4847", "type": "gene", "text": "The 5 ' ends of the P and O gene mRNAs are separated by 109 nucleotide pairs in the DNA template .", "entities": [ "P", "O gene mRNAs" ] }, { "id": "4850", "type": "gene", "text": "We have cloned the cDNA for the SLBP from humans , mice , and frogs , using the recently developed yeast three - hybrid system .", "entities": [ "SLBP" ] }, { "id": "4852", "type": "gene", "text": "TGF - beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in Mv1Lu mink lung epithelial cells .", "entities": [ "TGF - beta1", "Smad2", "Smad3" ] }, { "id": "4853", "type": "gene", "text": "There is little supportive evidence that ACE inhibitors ( captopril or enalapril ) are teratogenic .", "entities": [ "ACE" ] }, { "id": "4854", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus , the potential induction of this gene rearrangement by E1A gene therapy is unlikely to be clinically significant in the treatment of advanced malignant disease .", "entities": [ "E1A gene" ] }, { "id": "4855", "type": "gene", "text": "Although the cDNAs of HMG - 14 and HMG - 17 do not cross - hybridize , they have several similar structural features : the open reading frame comprises only 23 % of the transcripts , the 5 ' - untranslated region is extremely GC rich whereas the 3 ' - untranslated region is unusually long and AT rich .", "entities": [ "HMG - 14", "HMG - 17" ] }, { "id": "4856", "type": "gene", "text": "Previously , we reported the identification of a 23 - kD protein that interacts with zyxin in vitro ( Sadler et al . , 1992 ) .", "entities": [ "zyxin" ] }, { "id": "4858", "type": "gene", "text": "In gel mobility shift assays , high binding activities of ATPC - 2 and low binding activities of CBF were observed with nuclear extracts from tissue with low AtpC expression levels , and the opposite was observed with extracts from tissues with high AtpC expression levels .", "entities": [ "ATPC - 2", "CBF", "AtpC", "AtpC" ] }, { "id": "4859", "type": "gene", "text": "Activation of tyrosine kinase - containing receptors , heterotrimeric G proteins , and protein kinase C enhanced the activities of both MEK isoforms in 293 and PC12 cells .", "entities": [ "tyrosine kinase - containing receptors", "heterotrimeric G proteins", "protein kinase C", "MEK isoforms" ] }, { "id": "4860", "type": "gene", "text": "The Fugu rubripes ( Fugu ) gene fragment was used to isolate the GH gene from a Fugu genomic library .", "entities": [ "GH gene" ] }, { "id": "4864", "type": "gene", "text": "Partial proteolysis of cell surface - iodinated B - G molecules generates extremely similar patterns of spots , both within and between haplotypes .", "entities": [ "B - G molecules" ] }, { "id": "4866", "type": "gene", "text": "There was a 57 % reduction in IGF IR mRNA levels in clone CA9 after confluence compared with clone ME10 .", "entities": [ "IGF IR mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4867", "type": "gene", "text": "Oligomers corresponding to the region of the mlc - 1 / 3 enhancer , which encompasses this conserved sequence , bound MEF - 2 and competed for its binding to the mck enhancer .", "entities": [ "mlc - 1 / 3 enhancer", "MEF - 2", "mck" ] }, { "id": "4868", "type": "gene", "text": "Similar tissue - specific patterns are observed with a fusion between the caufliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promotor and the GUS gene .", "entities": [ "caufliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promotor", "GUS gene" ] }, { "id": "4869", "type": "gene", "text": "This difference between SP - 1 and SP - 2 peptides was not due to their differential uptake by cell , since approximately 100 times more SP - 2 peptide could be found in cytoplasmic extracts than SP - 1 peptide in experiments using radiolabeled peptides .", "entities": [ "SP - 1", "SP - 2 peptides", "SP - 2 peptide", "SP - 1 peptide" ] }, { "id": "4870", "type": "gene", "text": "One function of p53 is in regulating cell cycle check - point control after DNA damage .", "entities": [ "p53" ] }, { "id": "4873", "type": "gene", "text": "Apoptosis triggered through Fas and F / F was inhibited by coexpression of CrmA and p35 , but not Bcl - xL .", "entities": [ "Fas", "F / F", "CrmA", "p35", "Bcl - xL" ] }, { "id": "4874", "type": "gene", "text": "The product of one gene , Bv80 , has a single divergent copy of a sequence of 149 amino acids ( approx .", "entities": [ "Bv80" ] }, { "id": "4875", "type": "gene", "text": "The 1031 - bp wild - type HIT1 DNA which contained an open reading frame encoding a protein of 164 amino acids and the AGG arginine tRNA gene complemented all hit1 - 1 mutant phenotypes , indicating that the mutant phenotypes were caused by the deletion of these genes .", "entities": [ "1031 - bp wild - type HIT1 DNA", "AGG arginine tRNA gene", "hit1 - 1 mutant phenotypes" ] }, { "id": "4876", "type": "gene", "text": "We found a prevalence of eating disorders of 5 . 9 % ( lifetime prevalence of 10 % ) , irrespective of gender and type of diabetes ; 4 . 1 % of the whole sample reported intentional insulin undertreatment or omission .", "entities": [ "insulin" ] }, { "id": "4878", "type": "gene", "text": "These results are discussed in the context of a model of the myogenic lineage that is based on the expression of desmin .", "entities": [ "desmin" ] }, { "id": "4879", "type": "gene", "text": "We identified two potential phosphorylation sites at serine49 and serine133 , both of which seem to be necessary for Myf - 5 activity .", "entities": [ "Myf - 5" ] }, { "id": "4880", "type": "gene", "text": "We constructed a series of chimeric genes containing part of the first exon and increasingly longer 5 ' flanking sequences of the ODC gene fused to either bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ( CAT ) or luciferase reporter genes .", "entities": [ "ODC gene", "bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase", "CAT", "luciferase reporter genes" ] }, { "id": "4882", "type": "gene", "text": "The gene encoding the Neisseria lactamica III DNA methyltransferase ( M . NlaIII ) which recognizes the sequence CATG has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli .", "entities": [ "Neisseria lactamica III DNA methyltransferase", "M . NlaIII" ] }, { "id": "4883", "type": "gene", "text": "This latter complex reacts with an antibody to serum response factor ( SRF ) and exhibits the same binding characteristics as purified SRF .", "entities": [ "serum response factor", "SRF", "SRF" ] }, { "id": "4885", "type": "gene", "text": "Alignment of the rat and human WIN cDNAs and their comparison with mouse genomic sequence revealed that the WIN DNA binding domain is encoded by four exons , two of which ( exons 4 and 6 ) are alternatively spliced to generate at least three classes of mRNA transcripts .", "entities": [ "rat and human WIN cDNAs", "WIN DNA binding domain" ] }, { "id": "4888", "type": "gene", "text": "Here , we analyzed the interaction of the Lactococcus lactis Ll . LtrB group II intron endonuclease with its DNA target site by DNA footprinting and modification - interference approaches .", "entities": [ "Lactococcus lactis Ll . LtrB group II intron endonuclease" ] }, { "id": "4890", "type": "gene", "text": "In several steps we converted the retinoid specific response element of the human retinoic acid receptor beta promoter into the vitamin D / retinoic acid response element of the human osteocalcin promoter .", "entities": [ "human retinoic acid receptor beta promoter", "human osteocalcin promoter" ] }, { "id": "4891", "type": "gene", "text": "The immediate 5 ' - flanking region was GC - rich with 3 SP - 1 - like and 2 AP - 2 sites identified in close proximity to the transcription start site .", "entities": [ "SP - 1 - like", "AP - 2 sites" ] }, { "id": "4892", "type": "gene", "text": "Akt - dependent antiapoptotic action of insulin is sensitive to farnesyltransferase inhibitor .", "entities": [ "Akt", "insulin" ] }, { "id": "4897", "type": "gene", "text": "Two of the proteins UPRF - 1 and UPRF - 2 ( which is apparently a proteolytic degradation product of UPRF - 1 ) bind inefficiently to mutant versions of the UPR that are unable to confer responsiveness to unfolded proteins to the ( CYC1 ) promoter .", "entities": [ "UPRF - 1", "UPRF - 2", "UPRF - 1", "CYC1" ] }, { "id": "4898", "type": "gene", "text": "Identification of domains mediating transcription activation , repression , and inhibition in the paired - related homeobox protein , Prx2 ( S8 ) .", "entities": [ "paired - related homeobox protein", "Prx2", "S8" ] }, { "id": "4901", "type": "gene", "text": "Upstream stimulatory factor USF is a human transcriptional activation factor , which uses a basic / helix - loop - helix / leucin zipper ( b / HLH / Z ) motif to homodimerize and recognize specific sequences in the promoter region of both nuclear and viral genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II .", "entities": [ "USF", "RNA polymerase II" ] }, { "id": "4902", "type": "gene", "text": "43 % , 6 / 14 ; P = 0 . 013 ) , whereas , in RCC samples with VHL methylation or mutation , the frequency of 3p14 - p21 LOH did not differ from that of sp25 - p26 ( 72 % , 18 / 25 vs .", "entities": [ "VHL" ] }, { "id": "4903", "type": "gene", "text": "Sequences homologous to the consensus TUF - binding UAS boxes are present in the 5 ' flanking regions of both genes .", "entities": [ "TUF - binding UAS boxes" ] }, { "id": "4904", "type": "gene", "text": "The analysis predicted that progressive increases in serum creatinine or aspartate transaminase activity will result in only a 50 % reduction of clearance .", "entities": [ "aspartate transaminase" ] }, { "id": "4905", "type": "gene", "text": "RESULTS : Although low levels of vIRF - 2 mRNAs can be detected in the HHV - 8 - positive BCBL - 1 tumor cell line , 12 - 0 - tetradecanoylphorbol - 13 - acetate ( TPA ) treatment does not stimulate expression of vIRF - 2 gene together with primary lytic cycle genes .", "entities": [ "vIRF - 2 mRNAs", "vIRF - 2 gene" ] }, { "id": "4907", "type": "gene", "text": "DNA sequence of the UL6 to UL20 genes of infectious laryngotracheitis virus and characterization of the UL10 gene product as a nonglycosylated and nonessential virion protein .", "entities": [ "UL6", "UL20 genes", "UL10 gene product" ] }, { "id": "4908", "type": "gene", "text": "Coimmunoprecipitation analysis suggests that these residues likely contribute to the multimerization function required for homomeric complex formation or heteromeric complex formation with p50 in that no association of p65 delta with itself or with p50 was evident .", "entities": [ "p50", "p65 delta", "p50" ] }, { "id": "4910", "type": "gene", "text": "A yeast mitochondrial translation initiation codon mutation affecting the gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit III ( COX3 ) was partially suppressed by a spontaneous nuclear mutation .", "entities": [ "cytochrome oxidase subunit III", "COX3" ] }, { "id": "4911", "type": "gene", "text": "Only the 27 - kDa protein was detected after N - glycosidase treatment , indicating that PLP - H is a glycoprotein .", "entities": [ "N - glycosidase", "PLP - H" ] }, { "id": "4913", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate that GGTase - I inhibitors arrest cells in G0 / G1 and induce accumulation of p21WAF in a p53 - independent manner and that FTase inhibitors can interfere with cell cycle events by a mechanism that involves neither p21WAF nor p27KIP .", "entities": [ "GGTase - I", "p21WAF", "p53", "FTase", "p21WAF", "p27KIP" ] }, { "id": "4916", "type": "gene", "text": "The potential biological significance of the identified structural motif shared by the human CCR5 , CCR3 , CCR2B and other GPCRs is discussed .", "entities": [ "human CCR5", "CCR3", "CCR2B", "GPCRs" ] }, { "id": "4917", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of rat brain , heart , lung , liver , kidney and skeletal muscle revealed psi PKC zeta mRNA only in brain .", "entities": [ "psi PKC zeta mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4920", "type": "gene", "text": "Furthermore , the rapid light - mediated increase of CPRF proteins was insensitive to transcriptional inhibitors , suggesting that a post - transcriptional mechanism controls CPRF accumulation .", "entities": [ "CPRF proteins", "CPRF" ] }, { "id": "4921", "type": "gene", "text": "In those patients who before transplantation were serological negative for CMV but had received organs from CMV - IgG positive donors , the incidence of the disease was highest .", "entities": [ "CMV - IgG" ] }, { "id": "4922", "type": "gene", "text": "Since 1985 the combination of chlorambucil ( 10 mg daily , initially for six weeks , then alternating fortnights for 12 weeks ) and interferon - alpha 2b ( Schering - Plough ; 2 x 10 ( 6 ) U / m2 three times weekly by subcutaneous injection for 18 weeks ) has been compared in a randomised trial with chlorambucil alone in previously untreated patients with stage III or IV follicular lymphoma .", "entities": [ "interferon - alpha 2b" ] }, { "id": "4924", "type": "gene", "text": "We compared retrospectively the efficacy of granulocyte colony stimulating factor ( G - CSF ) alone with chemotherapy plus G - CSF in mobilizing CD34 - positive cells in patients with malignant lymphoma .", "entities": [ "granulocyte colony stimulating factor", "G - CSF", "G - CSF", "CD34" ] }, { "id": "4929", "type": "gene", "text": "We now show that purified recombinant c - sis / PDGF can induce this binding activity which we have termed SIF , for sis - inducible factor .", "entities": [ "c - sis", "PDGF", "SIF", "sis - inducible factor" ] }, { "id": "4931", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of the bacteriophage T4 DNA terminase genes 16 and 17 yields multiple proteins .", "entities": [ "bacteriophage T4 DNA terminase genes 16 and 17" ] }, { "id": "4940", "type": "gene", "text": "The performances of two tests , the ProstAsure index and the percent free PSA test , were evaluated in detecting cancer .", "entities": [ "PSA" ] }, { "id": "4941", "type": "gene", "text": "The protein encoded by the NF2 gene has a similarity to ezrin , radixin and moesin ( ERM ) proteins that link membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton .", "entities": [ "NF2 gene", "ezrin", "radixin", "moesin", "ERM" ] }, { "id": "4943", "type": "gene", "text": "In the healing tendons , the rate of collagen synthesis decreased and the rate of noncollagen protein synthesis remained unchanged .", "entities": [ "collagen" ] }, { "id": "4948", "type": "gene", "text": "Expression of a cDNA clone in yeast containing a large portion of the open reading frame produced cAMP PDEase activity identical in properties to the Drosophila enzyme affected by the dnc mutation .", "entities": [ "cAMP PDEase", "dnc mutation" ] }, { "id": "4949", "type": "gene", "text": "FdsR purified to homogeneity after overexpression of fdsR in E . coli is a 130 kDa homotetramer binding to the fds control region located between the fdsR and fdsG genes .", "entities": [ "FdsR", "fdsR", "fds", "fdsR", "fdsG genes" ] }, { "id": "4951", "type": "gene", "text": "The orthologs of the Y ( 1 ) and Y ( 2 ) subtypes display high amino acid sequence identities between pig , human , and mouse ( 92 % - 94 % ) , whereas the Y ( 4 ) , Y ( 5 ) , and y ( 6 ) subtypes display lower identities ( 76 % - 87 % ) .", "entities": [ "Y ( 1 )", "Y ( 2 ) subtypes", "Y ( 4 )", "Y ( 5 )", "y ( 6 ) subtypes" ] }, { "id": "4952", "type": "gene", "text": "Binding of ZAP - 70 to phospho - TAMs is notable for the high level of cooperativity between the two SH2 domains , which individually demonstrate low affinity interaction with the ligand .", "entities": [ "ZAP - 70", "SH2 domains" ] }, { "id": "4956", "type": "gene", "text": "The leader peptide was hypothesized to inhibit ribosome release at the tnaC stop codon , thereby blocking Rho ' s access to the transcript .", "entities": [ "tnaC stop codon", "Rho" ] }, { "id": "4959", "type": "gene", "text": "Influence of huanglian used in combination with huangqin and gancao on the erythrocytic osmotic fragilitas of experimental glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in rats ] OBJECTIVE : To study the influence of common combination of Huanglian ( Coptis chinensis ) on the erythrocytic osmotic fragilitas of glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( G6PD ) deficiency in rats .", "entities": [ "glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase", "glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase", "G6PD" ] }, { "id": "4960", "type": "gene", "text": "The leukotriene receptor antagonist zafirlukast inhibits sulfur dioxide - induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma .", "entities": [ "leukotriene receptor" ] }, { "id": "4961", "type": "gene", "text": "This sequence was sufficient to confer p53 - dependent activation to a heterologous promoter and p53 was capable of binding to this sequence as assessed by gel shift analysis .", "entities": [ "p53", "p53" ] }, { "id": "4964", "type": "gene", "text": "Parathyroid hormone responses of cyclic AMP - , serum - and phorbol ester - responsive reporter genes in osteoblast - like UMR - 106 cells .", "entities": [ "Parathyroid hormone" ] }, { "id": "4966", "type": "gene", "text": "HNF4alpha7 mRNA is also found in totipotent embryonic stem cells .", "entities": [ "HNF4alpha7 mRNA" ] }, { "id": "4967", "type": "gene", "text": "Penicillamine - induced myasthenia gravis associated with antibodies to acetylcholine receptor .", "entities": [ "acetylcholine receptor" ] }, { "id": "4970", "type": "gene", "text": "LCCH1 was identical to the Rdl gene , a known GABA receptor subunit gene from D . melanogaster , whereas LCCH2 and LCCH3 were novel D . melanogaster sequences that exhibited structural similarity to other members of the ligand - gated chloride channel gene family .", "entities": [ "LCCH1", "Rdl gene", "GABA receptor subunit gene", "LCCH2", "LCCH3", "ligand - gated chloride channel gene family" ] }, { "id": "4973", "type": "gene", "text": "First , the amino - terminal regulatory arm of the GDI binds to the switch I and II domains of Cdc42 leading to the inhibition of both GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis .", "entities": [ "GDI", "Cdc42" ] }, { "id": "4974", "type": "gene", "text": "By a combination of alternative promoter usage and exon splicing , each ROR gene generates several isoforms that differ only in their amino terminus .", "entities": [ "ROR gene" ] }, { "id": "4975", "type": "gene", "text": "Electrophoretic mobility - shift assays showed a rapid induction of nuclear proteins that bound to the consensus kappa B motif .", "entities": [ "consensus kappa B motif" ] }, { "id": "4976", "type": "gene", "text": "Analysis of larger cDNA clones demonstrates that there are at least two isoforms of RIP14 that differ in the N - terminal ( A and B ) and hinge ( D ) domains .", "entities": [ "RIP14" ] }, { "id": "4980", "type": "gene", "text": "The major open reading frame of the cDNA predicts a protein of 59 kD , with a leucine zipper situated adjacent to an myc - related motif that has been proposed to assume a helix - loop - helix structure .", "entities": [ "myc - related motif" ] }, { "id": "4982", "type": "gene", "text": "In addition to loss of digit identity and varying degrees of polydactyly , proximal skeletal elements are severely shortened in Xt ; ld double homozygous limbs .", "entities": [ "Xt", "ld" ] }, { "id": "4983", "type": "gene", "text": "The PEP4 gene was isolated from a genomic DNA library by complementation of the pep4 - 3 mutation .", "entities": [ "PEP4 gene", "pep4 - 3" ] }, { "id": "4984", "type": "gene", "text": "A gene with a high degree of sequence identity with mammalian ADP - ribosylation factors ( ARFs ) , believed to be important in vesicular transport , was identified .", "entities": [ "mammalian ADP - ribosylation factors", "ARFs" ] }, { "id": "4989", "type": "gene", "text": "The Tat protein coded by human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) is a strong activator of viral gene expression from the long terminal repeat ( LTR ) .", "entities": [ "Tat protein" ] }, { "id": "4994", "type": "gene", "text": "Production of VT was also examined retrospectively in 32 E . coli strains of serotype O26 : H11 isolated from children with diarrhoea ; eight ( 25 % ) of them produced moderate to high levels of verotoxin 1 despite several years storage in vitro .", "entities": [ "verotoxin 1" ] }, { "id": "4996", "type": "gene", "text": "The sections were stained with anti - polymorphonuclear leukocyte antibody , the endothelial marker factor VIII - related antigen , and with hematoxylin and eosin .", "entities": [ "factor VIII - related antigen" ] }, { "id": "4997", "type": "gene", "text": "Mapping of the region in KAP - 1 required for HP1 interaction showed that amino acid substitutions which abolish HP1 binding in vitro reduce KAP - 1 mediated repression in vivo .", "entities": [ "KAP - 1", "HP1", "HP1", "KAP - 1" ] }, { "id": "4999", "type": "gene", "text": "Promoter activity of the proliferating - cell nuclear antigen gene is associated with inducible CRE - binding proteins in interleukin 2 - stimulated T lymphocytes .", "entities": [ "proliferating - cell nuclear antigen gene", "CRE - binding proteins", "interleukin 2" ] }, { "id": "5000", "type": "gene", "text": "METHODS : Levels of sIL - 2R were measured simultaneously in plasma and pleural fluid in 111 patients with pleural effusions of unknown causes .", "entities": [ "sIL - 2R" ] }, { "id": "5005", "type": "gene", "text": "The specificity of the transcriptional activation by ISGF3 is mediated by specific elements termed IFN - stimulatory response element ( ISRE ) located in the promoter region of IFN - inducible genes .", "entities": [ "ISGF3", "IFN - stimulatory response element", "ISRE", "IFN" ] }, { "id": "5009", "type": "gene", "text": "Upstream tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases - 1 ( TIMP - 1 ) element - 1 , a novel and essential regulatory DNA motif in the human TIMP - 1 gene promoter , directly interacts with a 30 - kDa nuclear protein .", "entities": [ "tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases - 1 ( TIMP - 1 ) element - 1", "human TIMP - 1 gene promoter" ] }, { "id": "5011", "type": "gene", "text": "The receptor for CSF - 1 , c - Fms , is expressed in osteoclasts , possesses intrinsic tyrosine - kinase activity , and signals via rapid phosphorylation of selected proteins .", "entities": [ "CSF - 1", "c - Fms", "tyrosine - kinase" ] }, { "id": "5013", "type": "gene", "text": "To this end we generated a detailed physical map of the genomic region spanning between sequence - tagged site markers D16S518 and D16S516 .", "entities": [ "D16S518", "D16S516" ] }, { "id": "5014", "type": "gene", "text": "Spinophilin , a novel protein phosphatase 1 binding protein localized to dendritic spines .", "entities": [ "Spinophilin", "protein phosphatase 1 binding protein" ] }, { "id": "5015", "type": "gene", "text": "We have found that pro - IGF - 2 can initially form two disulfide isomers that undergo rearrangement to a single conformation in vivo .", "entities": [ "pro - IGF - 2" ] }, { "id": "5018", "type": "gene", "text": "The existence of a TFIIIB assembly pathway leading to the faithful transcription of natural eukaryotic tRNA genes in the absence of TFIIIC provides novel insights into the functional flexibility of the eukaryotic tRNA gene transcription machinery and on its evolution from an ancestral RNA polymerase III system relying on upstream , TATA - centered control elements .", "entities": [ "TFIIIB", "TFIIIC", "RNA polymerase III" ] }, { "id": "5019", "type": "gene", "text": "Ectopic Xbra can induce Xegr - 1 transcription by an indirect mechanism that appears to operate via primary activation of fibroblast growth factor secretion .", "entities": [ "Xbra", "Xegr - 1", "fibroblast growth factor" ] }, { "id": "5022", "type": "gene", "text": "These aa residues correspond to codons 59 and 108 in the P . falciparum DHFR active site in which similar aa substitutions ( Cys Arg - 59 and Ser Asn - 108 ) are associated with pyrimethamine resistance .", "entities": [ "P . falciparum DHFR active site" ] }, { "id": "5024", "type": "gene", "text": "Here we investigate the mechanism of TPA induction of FGF - BP gene expression in the human ME - 180 SCC cell line .", "entities": [ "FGF - BP" ] }, { "id": "5025", "type": "gene", "text": "Between the RNA initiation site and the coding region is a GC - rich hairpin structure followed by 8 T residues that looks like a rho - independent transcription terminator .", "entities": [ "rho - independent transcription terminator" ] }, { "id": "5027", "type": "gene", "text": "3 ) The progress of fibrinolysis was observed by serial collection of middle ear fluid in the same side ear of 5 cases out of 17 cases having much activity for fibrin degradation , and lowering of fibrinolytic activity was revealed in 4 out of these 5 cases as the result .", "entities": [ "fibrin" ] }, { "id": "5028", "type": "gene", "text": "Thus G17 targets the c - fos promoter CArG sequence via Rho A - dependent pathways , and Rho A appears to play an important role in the regulation of the trophic action of G17 .", "entities": [ "G17", "c - fos promoter CArG sequence", "Rho A", "Rho A", "G17" ] }, { "id": "5029", "type": "gene", "text": "The MIC90 of ABK against coagulase type IV strains was rather high , 12 . 5 micrograms / ml .", "entities": [ "coagulase type IV" ] }, { "id": "5031", "type": "gene", "text": "These results demonstrate that m2 receptors couple to both G alpha i2 and G alpha i3 in vivo and that this interaction is integral to both positive and negative regulatory pathways leading to activation of PLC and desensitization of receptor signaling .", "entities": [ "m2 receptors", "G alpha i2", "G alpha i3", "PLC" ] }, { "id": "5033", "type": "gene", "text": "The fru gene has seven exons spanning 15 - kb encoding two transcripts with ORFs of 841 and 695 amino acids .", "entities": [ "fru gene" ] }, { "id": "5034", "type": "gene", "text": "HC - toxin exerts a potent cytostatic effect on plant and animal cells by inhibiting histone deacetylase .", "entities": [ "HC - toxin", "histone deacetylase" ] }, { "id": "5035", "type": "gene", "text": "The human RIL gene : mapping to human chromosome 5q31 . 1 , genomic organization and alternative transcripts .", "entities": [ "RIL gene" ] } ]