---
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: hindi_token
    sequence: string
  - name: hindi_upos
    sequence:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': ADJ
          '1': ADP
          '2': ADV
          '3': AUX
          '4': CCONJ
          '5': DET
          '6': INTJ
          '7': NOUN
          '8': NUM
          '9': PART
          '10': PRON
          '11': PROPN
          '12': PUNCT
          '13': SCONJ
          '14': SYM
          '15': VERB
          '16': X
  - name: angika_token
    sequence: string
  - name: angika_upos
    sequence:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': ADJ
          '1': ADP
          '2': ADV
          '3': AUX
          '4': CCONJ
          '5': DET
          '6': INTJ
          '7': NOUN
          '8': NUM
          '9': PART
          '10': PRON
          '11': PROPN
          '12': PUNCT
          '13': SCONJ
          '14': SYM
          '15': VERB
          '16': X
  - name: magahi_token
    sequence: string
  - name: magahi_upos
    sequence:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': ADJ
          '1': ADP
          '2': ADV
          '3': AUX
          '4': CCONJ
          '5': DET
          '6': INTJ
          '7': NOUN
          '8': NUM
          '9': PART
          '10': PRON
          '11': PROPN
          '12': PUNCT
          '13': SCONJ
          '14': SYM
          '15': VERB
          '16': X
  - name: bhojpuri_token
    sequence: string
  - name: bhojpuri_upos
    sequence:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': ADJ
          '1': ADP
          '2': ADV
          '3': AUX
          '4': CCONJ
          '5': DET
          '6': INTJ
          '7': NOUN
          '8': NUM
          '9': PART
          '10': PRON
          '11': PROPN
          '12': PUNCT
          '13': SCONJ
          '14': SYM
          '15': VERB
          '16': X
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 777906
    num_examples: 707
  download_size: 162976
  dataset_size: 777906
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: data/test-*
task_categories:
- token-classification
language:
- hi
- anp
- bho
- mag
pretty_name: Bihari Languages UPOS Dataset (Angika, Magahi, Bhojpuri)
size_categories:
- n<1K
license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
---

# Bihari Languages UPOS Dataset

This dataset provides Part-of-Speech (POS) tags for **Angika (anp)**, **Magahi (mag)**, and **Bhojpuri (bho)**, parallelly aligned with **Hindi (hi)**. The annotations follow the **Universal Dependencies (UD)** Universal Part-of-Speech (UPOS) standard.

This work is part of research conducted at the **Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay**.

## Dataset Details

- **Languages:** Angika, Magahi, Bhojpuri, Hindi
- **Task:** Token Classification (Part-of-Speech Tagging)
- **Schema:** Universal Dependencies (UPOS)
- **Total Tags:** 18 (Standard 17 UPOS tags + 1 UNK/X)

### Supported Tags
The dataset uses the following integer mapping for the `test` split:
`0: NOUN, 1: PUNCT, 2: ADP, 3: NUM, 4: SYM, 5: SCONJ, 6: ADJ, 7: PART, 8: DET, 9: CCONJ, 10: PROPN, 11: PRON, 12: UNK, 13: X, 14: ADV, 15: INTJ, 16: VERB, 17: AUX`



## Institutional Credit & Support
* This research was conducted at the **Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay**.
* The work is supported by a Ph.D. grant from the **TCS Research Foundation** for research on extremely low-resource Indian languages.

## 🚀 Getting Started
You can load the dataset directly using the Hugging Face `datasets` library:

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

# Load the test split
dataset = load_dataset("snjev310/bihari-languages-upos", split="test")

# Access the first sentence in Angika
print(f"Tokens: {dataset[0]['angika_token']}")
print(f"UPOS IDs: {dataset[0]['angika_upos']}")

# Map integer IDs back to tag names
labels = dataset.features["angika_upos"].feature.names
readable_tags = [labels[i] for i in dataset[0]['angika_upos']]
print(f"UPOS Tags: {readable_tags}")
```

### Contact
**Sanjeev Kumar** CSE IIT Bombay  
Email: `sanjeev@cse.iitb.ac.in`

## Research & Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite the following paper published in **ACL 2024**:

```bibtex
@inproceedings{kumar-etal-2024-part,
    title = "Part-of-speech Tagging for Extremely Low-resource {I}ndian Languages",
    author = "Kumar, Sanjeev  and
      Jyothi, Preethi  and
      Bhattacharyya, Pushpak",
    editor = "Ku, Lun-Wei  and
      Martins, Andre  and
      Srikumar, Vivek",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024",
    month = aug,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Bangkok, Thailand",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.857/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.857",
    pages = "14422--14431"
}
```