NextGen - ICANN

NextGen - ICANN
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ASO
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Nominating Committee
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SSAC
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Specific Reviews
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Competition, Consumer Trust & Consumer Choice
CCT Metrics
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Employee Practices and Resources
Enhancing ICANN Accountability – Work Stream 2 Implementation
Governance
Governance Documents
Evolving ICANN’s Multistakeholder Model
Agreements
NTIA IANA Functions' Stewardship Transition
Call for Public Input: Draft Process to Develop the Proposal (8 April-8 May 2014
Process to Develop the Proposal and Next Steps
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Business
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About
Enforcement of DNS Abuse Obligations
Formal Enforcement Notices
Archive
Contractual Compliance Metrics
Blogs
Contractual Compliance Audit Program
Notice of Bankruptcy, Convictions and Security Breaches
Contractual Compliance Reports
Audit Reports
Enforcement of DNS Abuse Mitigation Requirements: Periodic Reviews
Contractual Compliance Monthly Reports
gTLD Registry Compliance
Accredited Registrar Compliance
General Questions
Outreach
Contracted Parties (Registry Operators and Accredited Registrars)
Domain Name Registrants
About Domain Names
ICANN Policies
Registration Data Policies
WHOIS and Registration Data Directory Services
The Domain Name Registration Process
Using Domain Name Registration Data
Keeping Registration Data Accurate
Access and the Evolution of the WHOIS System
Domain Name Industry
Registering Domain Names
Managing Domain Names
Contact Information and WDRP
Securely Managing Your Domain Name
Transferring Domain Names
Renewing Domain Names
Rights and Responsibilities
Spam, Phishing, and Website Content
Trademark Infringement
GDS Metrics
Identifier Systems Security, Stability and Resiliency (OCTO-SSR)
ccTLDs
Background Materials
Agreements
Delegation
Root Zone Database
Model MOU
Workshops
ICANN and ISO
Internationalized Domain Names
Root Zone Label Generation Rules (LGR)
Generation Panel Update
Maximal Starting Repertoire
Proposals for Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset
IDN Variant TLD Implementation
LGR Toolset
IDN ccTLD Fast Track
IDN Implementation Guidelines
Second-Level LGR Reference
Resources
Announcements and Blogs Posts
New gTLD Program
Universal Acceptance Initiative
Make your systems UA-ready
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Global Addressing
IPv6 Allocation
ASN Allocation
Post Exhaustion IPv4 Allocation
New RIRs Criteria
Review Procedures
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Implementation
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Archive
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Report Security Issues
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I Need Help
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Providers
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Providers
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Providers
Rules
Qualification Challenge Policy
Providers
Rules
Restrictions Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Rules
Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy
Policy Document
Providers
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Rules
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Timeline
Name Collision
Registrar Problems
Whois Data Correction
Independent Review Process
Request for Reconsideration
Document
NextGen@ICANN Program
Eligibility
|
Apply
|
FAQs
|
Dates & Deadlines
|
Selection Criteria
|
Selection Committee
|
NextGen Presentations
|
Important Links
About
At ICANN,
we recognize the importance of expanding accessibility to both ICANN and the broader Internet governance ecosystem. A key part of this commitment is raising awareness and encouraging participation among young people who are not yet engaged.
The NextGen@ICANN youth program plays a vital role in identifying and supporting potential future community members, with the aim of fostering long-term involvement once participants have completed their studies.
NextGen@ICANN invites you to explore key areas that will help you better understand ICANN’s mission and the bottom-up, multistakeholder model that guides its work. You will also learn how to begin contributing to discussions and decisions that shape the Internet at the regional and global levels.
The ICANN organization is looking for the next generation of individuals who are interested in engaging with their regional communities and helping shape the future of the global Internet. Important work takes place every day across the ICANN community, and new perspectives are essential to its continued success.
If you are ready to begin your journey, attending an ICANN Meeting as a NextGen@ICANN participant is an ideal first step!
Through the NextGen@ICANN Program, we will provide selected students from the ICANN meeting region with coaching, guidance, and travel support, enabling them to meaningfully engage and begin a structured, step-by-step pathway into the ICANN ecosystem.
Eligibility
Participants in the NextGen@ICANN program must be:
Enrolled as an undergraduate, graduate, or doctoral student.
Between the ages of 18 and 30 at the time of the ICANN meeting.
If you do not meet the NextGen eligibility criteria, please explore the
ICANN Fellowship program
.
Currently living and studying in the region of the respective ICANN meeting.
ICANN's meetings rotate through five geographic regions: Africa, Europe, North America, Latin America and Asia Pacific. Find out your ICANN region
here
.
See the calendar and regional rotation for future meetings
.
In the event that applications are being accepted from regions other than the one in which the ICANN meeting is taking place, ICANN will make this information publicly available online in advance of the application process for that specific meeting.
Interested in Internet Governance, the future of the Internet, and other topics covered at ICANN meetings.
If selected, participant must be able to attend the ICANN meeting and required events.
NextGen participants are expected to actively participate at the meeting.
If selected, participant must be willing to present a 5 -10 minute project at the meeting.
The presentation can cover topics including: research you are working on or completed, an activity related to ICANN's work, an ICANN related website you are affiliated with, a thesis project, etc.
NextGen participants come from a variety of backgrounds. Check out
previous participants
and
program statistics
for more information.
Apply
NextGen@ICANN applications are currently closed.
Stay tuned for ICANN88 applications opening soon!
Please note that you need an
ICANN
Account in order to apply for the NextGen@ICANN Program.
By applying, applicants are agreeing to attend the ICANN meeting with the NextGen@ICANN group as well as all required events. Each individual is provided a grant of support that covers the cost of economy class airfare, hotel and a stipend. NextGen participants are required to secure their own visas for travel at their own expense. If an applicant wants to obtain travel or health insurance this will be at their own expense. NextGen applicants must provide personal information; however, it is voluntary to apply. For more information, see
Program Terms and Conditions
.
For more information, please see the program's
Frequently Asked Questions
.
Application Dates & Deadlines
ICANN Meeting
ICANN Region
Meeting Dates
Opening of Application Round
Closing of Application Round
Announcement of Selected NextGen
ICANN86 Policy Forum in Seville, Spain
Europe
8-11 June 2026
Closed
Closed
17 February 2026
ICANN87 Annual General Meeting in Bali, Indonesia
Asia Pacific
17-22 October 2026
Closed
Closed
8 July 2026
ICANN88 Community Forum in Lisbon, Portugal
Europe
13-18 March 2027
31 August 2026
9 October 2026 at 23:59 UTC
17 December 2026
NextGen@ICANN Selection Criteria
Applicants are evaluated based on the following criteria:
Applicant exhibits interest in ICANN and the Internet ecosystem through examples of current work, activities, public dialogue through their studies, and/or research on the web.
Applicant expresses how participation in the NextGen@ICANN program would be valuable to them as an individual, and as part of a greater community (e.g., university, country, region).
Applicant's quality in expressing their view on an Internet topic within their application.
Applicant demonstrates a desire to become a part of the ICANN community.
Applicant demonstrates long-standing interest in topics related to ICANN's work.
Applicant expresses a desire to engage and improve their understanding of ICANN's work in their region.
Important Links
Apply to NextGen@ICANN
Submit an application during open rounds
NextGen@ICANN Mentors
Learn more about the prorgram's mentoring process.
NextGen@ICANN Presentations
Check out previous and upcoming NextGen presentations and recordings of the sessions
FAQs
Check out frequently asked questions and answers
about the NextGen@ICANN Program
Program Terms and Conditions
More information on the NextGen@ICANN Program
Program Statistics
Check out statistics on NextGen participants
Previous NextGen Participants
See the participants from past NextGen Programs
NextGen@ICANN Five-Year Survey Report
Check out the results of the Five-Year NextGen@ICANN Survey with program alumni (13 June 2019)
NextGen@ICANN Program Mentoring Guidlines
Fellowship Program
Learn about the ICANN Fellowship Program.
For more information, please contact
[email protected]
ICANN is not responsible for profile content or verification of user details.
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© Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.
Privacy Policy
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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."


Participate in ICANN - ICANN

Participate in ICANN - ICANN
Skip to main content
Search ICANN.org
Log In
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Get Started
About ICANN
ICANN for Beginners
Fellowship Program
NextGen@ICANN Program
History
News and Media
Announcements
Blog
Media Resources
Press Releases
Global Newsletters
ICANN News Subscriptions
Regional Reports
Policy
Develop Policy
Operational Design Phase (ODP)
Implement Policy
Community Participation Guidelines
Public Comment
Public Comment Home
Upcoming Proceedings
Open Proceedings
Closed Proceedings
About Public Comment
Other Public Consultations
Resources
Board Activities and Meetings
Accountability Mechanisms
Contracted Parties (Registry Operators and Accredited Registrars)
Domain Name Registrants
Contractual Compliance
Domain Name Security Threats
Privacy and Proxy Services
Government Engagement
Careers
Complaints Office
I Need Help
ICANN 25th Anniversary Photo Mosaic
Community
Engagement Calendar
Address Supporting Organization (ASO)
Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO)
Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO)
At-Large Advisory Committee (ALAC)
Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC)
Root Server System Advisory Committee (RSSAC)
Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC)
Quicklinks
Board Activities and Meetings
Data Protection and Privacy
Domain Name Registrants
Engagement Calendar
IANA Services
ICANN Acronyms and Terms
ICANN Grant Program
New gTLD Program
Public Technical Identifiers (PTI)
Open Data
Question About A Domain Name?
Technology @ ICANN
WSIS+20 Outreach Network
Resources
About ICANN
Academic Engagement
Acronyms and Terms
Courses and Learning
ICANN for Beginners
Participate
What ICANN Does
Effect on the Internet
What's Going On Now
How to Participate
Fellowship Program
Committee
Terms & Conditions
NextGen@ICANN Program
President's Corner
ICANN Management Organization Chart
Staff
Careers
In Focus
ICANN Response Planning Framework
DNSSEC
Standards
IANA DNSSEC Root Information
TLD DNSSEC Report
Root Deployment
Deployment Graph
Tools
Training
Key Ceremony
News
Blog Posts
Presentations
Related Sites
GNSO Improvements
Travel Support
Media Resources
ICANN News
About ICANN
Subscribe and Follow
Contacts
Board Activities and Meetings
Accountability
Accountability Mechanisms
Reconsideration
Independent Review Process
Updating the IRP
Ombuds
About the Ombuds Office
Contact the Ombuds Office
Ombuds Office Services
Complaints About Unfairness
Complaints About Harassment
Collaborative Conflict Resolution
Request for Reconsideration
Resources for Community Members
Ombuds Office Accountability
Ombud's Blogs
Empowered Community
Empowered Community Administration
Empowered Community Administration Mailing List
Empowered Community Correspondence
Document Disclosure
Reviews
Organizational Reviews
ALAC
ASO
Board
ccNSO
GNSO
Nominating Committee
RSSAC
SSAC
Technical Liaison Group
Specific Reviews
Accountability & Transparency
Registration Directory Service
Security, Stability, and Resiliency
Competition, Consumer Trust & Consumer Choice
CCT Metrics
Expected Standards of Behavior
Employee Practices and Resources
Enhancing ICANN Accountability – Work Stream 2 Implementation
Governance
Governance Documents
Evolving ICANN’s Multistakeholder Model
Agreements
NTIA IANA Functions' Stewardship Transition
Call for Public Input: Draft Process to Develop the Proposal (8 April-8 May 2014
Process to Develop the Proposal and Next Steps
Registry
Archive
Affirmation of Commitments
AOC Tracking
ccTLD
Partnership Memorandums of Understanding
Registrar
Archive
Annual Reports
Financials
Financial Reports
Policies, Guidelines and Procedures
Annual Disclosure of Payments to Suppliers
Lobbying Disclosures & Contribution Reports
Planning
Strategic Plan
ICANN Strategic Plan for FY26-30
ICANN's Annual Strategy Review Program
ICANN Strategic Plan for FY21-25
Strategic Outlook Trends Program
ICANN Strategic Plan for FY16-20
Operating Plan
Presentations
RFPs
Litigation
Newsletter
Correspondence
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
Quarterly Reports
Groups
2023 ICANN CEO Search Committee
RSSAC
Charter
SSAC
GAC
At-Large
ASO
ccNSO
GNSO
Technical Liaison Group
Technical Experts Group (TEG)
NomCom
Past NomComs
Customer Standing Committee
Root Zone Evaluation Review Committee (RZERC)
Business
Civil Society
Complaints Office
Complaints Report
Domain Name System Abuse
Contractual Compliance
About
Enforcement of DNS Abuse Obligations
Formal Enforcement Notices
Archive
Contractual Compliance Metrics
Blogs
Contractual Compliance Audit Program
Notice of Bankruptcy, Convictions and Security Breaches
Contractual Compliance Reports
Audit Reports
Enforcement of DNS Abuse Mitigation Requirements: Periodic Reviews
Contractual Compliance Monthly Reports
gTLD Registry Compliance
Accredited Registrar Compliance
General Questions
Outreach
Contracted Parties (Registry Operators and Accredited Registrars)
Domain Name Registrants
About Domain Names
ICANN Policies
Registration Data Policies
WHOIS and Registration Data Directory Services
The Domain Name Registration Process
Using Domain Name Registration Data
Keeping Registration Data Accurate
Access and the Evolution of the WHOIS System
Domain Name Industry
Registering Domain Names
Managing Domain Names
Contact Information and WDRP
Securely Managing Your Domain Name
Transferring Domain Names
Renewing Domain Names
Rights and Responsibilities
Spam, Phishing, and Website Content
Trademark Infringement
GDS Metrics
Identifier Systems Security, Stability and Resiliency (OCTO-SSR)
ccTLDs
Background Materials
Agreements
Delegation
Root Zone Database
Model MOU
Workshops
ICANN and ISO
Internationalized Domain Names
Root Zone Label Generation Rules (LGR)
Generation Panel Update
Maximal Starting Repertoire
Proposals for Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset
IDN Variant TLD Implementation
LGR Toolset
IDN ccTLD Fast Track
IDN Implementation Guidelines
Second-Level LGR Reference
Resources
Announcements and Blogs Posts
New gTLD Program
Universal Acceptance Initiative
Make your systems UA-ready
UA Training
UA Day
UA Readiness Evaluations
UA Initiatives
Announcements and Blogs Posts
Policy
Policy Mission
Policy Staff Goals
Presentations
Global Addressing
IPv6 Allocation
ASN Allocation
Post Exhaustion IPv4 Allocation
New RIRs Criteria
Review Procedures
Policy Updates
Operational Design Phase (ODP)
Implementation
Public Comment
Open
Upcoming
Archive
Root Zone KSK Rollover
Technical Functions
Tech Day Archive
ICANN Locations
Report Security Issues
PGP Keys
Certificate Authority
Registry Liaison
Ombudsman
I Need Help
Dispute Resolution
Domain Name Dispute Resolution
Charter Eligibility Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Rules
Eligibility Requirements Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Rules
Intellectual Property Defensive Registration Challenge Policy
Providers
Rules
Qualification Challenge Policy
Providers
Rules
Restrictions Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Rules
Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy
Providers
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy
Policy Document
Providers
Provider Approval Process
Rules
Principal Documents
Proceedings
Historical Documents
Timeline
Name Collision
Registrar Problems
Whois Data Correction
Independent Review Process
Request for Reconsideration
Document
Participate in ICANN
What does ICANN do?
What's the effect on the Net?
What is going on now?
How do I participate?
To reach another person on the Internet you have to type an address into your computer - a name or a number.
That address has to be unique so computers know where to find each other.
ICANN coordinates these unique identifiers across the world.
Without that coordination we wouldn't have a global Internet where we can find each other.
That makes ICANN unique.
ICANN was formed in 1998. We are a not-for-profit partnership of people from all over the world dedicated to keeping the Internet secure, stable and interoperable. We promote competition and develop policy on the Internet's unique identifiers.
ICANN doesn't control content on the Internet. We can't stop spam and we don't deal with access to the Internet.
But if you are interested in the names that can be used on the Internet; if you want to make sure there are enough numbers to allow the Internet to expand; if you care about how the Internet evolves and want to have a say, join ICANN.
Participation is free and your contribution will be unique.
ICANN is not responsible for profile content or verification of user details.
YouTube
Twitter
LinkedIn
Flickr
Facebook
Newsletters
Community Wiki
ICANN Blog
Who We Are
ICANN For Beginners
ICANN Learn
Participate
Groups
Board Members
CEO Corner
Staff
Careers
Public Responsibility
Contact Us
Locations
Report Security Issues
Certificate Authority
Registry Liaison
Ombuds
Complaints Office
Media Resources
Accountability And Transparency
Accountability Mechanisms
Document Disclosure
Independent Review Process
Request for Reconsideration
Empowered Community
Employee Anonymous Hotline Policy and Procedures
Governance
Governance Documents
Agreements
Organizational Reviews
Specific Reviews
Annual Report
Financials
Planning
RFPs
Litigation
Correspondence
Help
I Need Help
Dispute Resolution
Domain Name Dispute Resolution
Name Collision
ICANN Lookup
Registration Data Request Service (RDRS)
Data Protection
Data Privacy Practices
Privacy Policy
Terms of Service
Cookies Policy
© Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.
Privacy Policy
Terms of Service
Cookies Policy
Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."

Year pattern in URL — weak evidence, not a verified publication date


What Does ICANN Do? - ICANN

What Does ICANN Do? - ICANN
Skip to main content
Search ICANN.org
Log In
Sign Up
Get Started
About ICANN
ICANN for Beginners
Fellowship Program
NextGen@ICANN Program
History
News and Media
Announcements
Blog
Media Resources
Press Releases
Global Newsletters
ICANN News Subscriptions
Regional Reports
Policy
Develop Policy
Operational Design Phase (ODP)
Implement Policy
Community Participation Guidelines
Public Comment
Public Comment Home
Upcoming Proceedings
Open Proceedings
Closed Proceedings
About Public Comment
Other Public Consultations
Resources
Board Activities and Meetings
Accountability Mechanisms
Contracted Parties (Registry Operators and Accredited Registrars)
Domain Name Registrants
Contractual Compliance
Domain Name Security Threats
Privacy and Proxy Services
Government Engagement
Careers
Complaints Office
I Need Help
ICANN 25th Anniversary Photo Mosaic
Community
Engagement Calendar
Address Supporting Organization (ASO)
Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO)
Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO)
At-Large Advisory Committee (ALAC)
Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC)
Root Server System Advisory Committee (RSSAC)
Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC)
Quicklinks
Board Activities and Meetings
Data Protection and Privacy
Domain Name Registrants
Engagement Calendar
IANA Services
ICANN Acronyms and Terms
ICANN Grant Program
New gTLD Program
Public Technical Identifiers (PTI)
Open Data
Question About A Domain Name?
Technology @ ICANN
WSIS+20 Outreach Network
Resources
About ICANN
Academic Engagement
Acronyms and Terms
Courses and Learning
ICANN for Beginners
Participate
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What Does ICANN Do?
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To reach another person on the Internet you have to type an address into your computer - a name or a number. That address has to be unique so computers know where to find each other. ICANN coordinates these unique identifiers across the world. Without that coordination we wouldn't have one global Internet.
ICANN was formed in 1998. It is a not-for-profit partnership of people from all over the world dedicated to keeping the Internet secure, stable and interoperable. It promotes competition and develops policy on the Internet's unique identifiers.
ICANN doesn't control content on the Internet. It cannot stop spam and it doesn't deal with access to the Internet. But through its coordination role of the Internet's naming system, it does have an important impact on the expansion and evolution of the Internet.
What is the domain name system?
The domain name system, or DNS, is a system designed to make the Internet accessible to human beings. The main way computers that make up the Internet find one another is through a series of numbers, with each number (called an "IP address") correlating to a different device. However it is difficult for the human mind to remember long lists of numbers so the DNS uses letters rather than numbers, and then links a precise series of letters with a precise series of numbers.
The end result is that ICANN's website can be found at "icann.org" rather than "192.0.32.7" – which is how computers on the network know it. One advantage to this system – apart from making the network much easier to use for people – is that a particular domain name does not have to be tied to one particular computer because the link between a particular domain and a particular IP address can be changed quickly and easily. This change will then be recognised by the entire Internet within 48 hours thanks to the constantly updating DNS infrastructure. The result is an extremely flexible system.
A domain name itself comprises two elements: before and after "the dot". The part to the right of the dot, such as "com", "net", "org" and so on, is known as a "top-level domain" or TLD. One company in each case (called a registry), is in charge of all domains ending with that particular TLD and has access to a full list of domains directly under that name, as well as the IP addresses with which those names are associated. The part before the dot is the domain name that you register and which is then used to provide online systems such as websites, email and so on. These domains are sold by a large number of "registrars", free to charge whatever they wish, although in each case they pay a set per-domain fee to the particular registry under whose name the domain is being registered.
ICANN draws up contracts with each
registry
*
. It also runs an accreditation system for registrars. It is these contracts that provide a consistent and stable environment for the domain name system, and hence the Internet.
In summary then, the DNS provides an addressing system for the Internet so people can find particular websites. It is also the basis for email and many other online uses.
What does ICANN have to do with IP addresses?
ICANN plays a similar administrative role with the IP addresses used by computers as it does with the domain names used by humans. In the same way that you cannot have two domain names the same (otherwise you never know where you would end up), for the same reason it is also not possible for there to be two IP addresses the same.
Again, ICANN does not run the system, but it does help co-ordinate how IP addresses are supplied to avoid repetition or clashes. ICANN is also the central repository for IP addresses, from which ranges are supplied to regional registries who in turn distribute them to network providers.
What about root servers?
Root servers are a different case again. There are 13 root servers – or, more accurately, there are 13 IP addresses on the Internet where root servers can be found (the servers that have one of the 13 IP addresses can be in dozens of different physical locations). These servers all store a copy of the same file which acts as the main index to the Internet's address books. It lists an address for each top-level domain (.com, .de, etc) where that registry's own address book can be found.
In reality, the root servers are consulted fairly infrequently (considering the size of the Internet) because once computers on the network know the address of a particular top-level domain they retain it, checking back only occasionally to make sure the address hasn't changed. Nonetheless, the root servers remain vital for the Internet's smooth functioning.
The operators of the root servers remain largely autonomous, but at the same time work with one another and with ICANN to make sure the system stays up-to-date with the Internet's advances and changes.
What is ICANN's role?
As mentioned earlier, ICANN's role is to oversee the huge and complex interconnected network of unique identifiers that allow computers on the Internet to find one another.
This is commonly termed "universal resolvability" and means that wherever you are on the network – and hence the world – that you receive the same predictable results when you access the network. Without this, you could end up with an Internet that worked entirely differently depending on your location on the globe.
How is ICANN structured?
ICANN is made up of a number of different groups, each of which represent a different interest on the Internet and all of which contribute to any final decisions that ICANN's makes.
There are three "supporting organisations" that represent:
The organisations that deal with IP addresses
The organisations that deal with domain names
The managers of country code top-level domains (a special exception as explained at the bottom).
Then there are four "advisory committees" that provide ICANN with advice and recommendations. These represent:
Governments and international treaty organisations
Root server operators
Those concerned with the Internet's security
The "at large" community, meaning average Internet users.
And finally, there is a Technical Liaison Group, which works with the organisations that devise the basic protocols for Internet technologies.
ICANN's final decisions are made by a Board of Directors. The Board is made up of 20 members: 16 of which are Board members and four of which are non-voting liaisons. The majority of the voting members (eight of them) are chosen by an independent Nominating Committee and the remainder are nominated members from supporting organisations.
ICANN then has a President and CEO who is also a Board member and who directs the work of ICANN staff, who are based across the globe and help co-ordinate, manage and finally implement all the different discussions and decisions made by the supporting organisations and advisory committees. An ICANN Ombudsman acts as an independent reviewer of the work of the ICANN staff and Board.
How does ICANN make decisions?
When it comes to making technical changes to the Internet, here is a simplified rundown of the process:
Any issue of concern or suggested changes to the existing network is typically raised within one of the supporting organisations (often following a report by one of the advisory committees), where it is discussed and a report produced which is then put out for public review. If the suggested changes impact on any other group within ICANN's system, that group also reviews the suggested changes and makes its views known. The result is then put out for public review a second time.
At the end of that process, the ICANN Board is provided with a report outlining all the previous discussions and with a list of recommendations. The Board then discusses the matter and either approves the changes, approves some and rejects others, rejects all of them, or sends the issue back down to one of the supporting organisations to review, often with an explanation as to what the problems are that need to be resolved before it can be approved.
The process is then rerun until all the different parts of ICANN can agree a compromise or the Board of Directors make a decision on a report it is presented with.
How is ICANN held accountable?
ICANN has external as well as internal accountabilities.
Externally, ICANN is an organisation incorporated under the law of the State of California in the United States. That means ICANN must abide by the laws of the United States and can be called to account by the judicial system i.e. ICANN can be taken to court.
ICANN is also a non-profit public benefit corporation and its directors are legally responsible for upholding their duties under corporation law.
Internally, ICANN is accountable to the community through:
Its bylaws
The representative composition of the ICANN Board from across the globe
An independent Nominating Committee that selects a majority of the voting Board members
Senior staff who must be elected annually by the Board
Three different dispute resolution procedures (Board reconsideration committee; Independent Review Panel; Ombudsman)
The full range of ICANN's
accountability and transparency frameworks and principles
are available online.
*
There is an important exception to this in the form of "country code top-level domains" (ccTLDs) such as .de for Germany or .uk for the United Kingdom. There are over 250 ccTLDs, some of which have a contract with ICANN; others of which have signed working agreements with ICANN; and some of which have yet to enter any formal agreement with ICANN. ICANN however does carry out what is known as the "IANA function" in which every ccTLD's main address is listed so the rest of the Internet can find it. ICANN is also in the position where it can add new TLDs to the wider system, as it did in 2000 and 2004 when seven and six new TLDs respectively were "added to the root".
ICANN is not responsible for profile content or verification of user details.
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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."


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Artificial Intelligence
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European approach to artificial intelligence
Page Contents
Page Contents
AI Continent Action Plan
Apply AI Strategy
AI Act
AI innovation package and GenAI4EU initiative
Important milestones
The EU’s approach to artificial intelligence promotes excellence and trust, by boosting research and industrial capacity while ensuring safety and fundamental rights.
These 2 ambitions are inseparable. To unlock the full potential of AI, Europe must build an
ecosystem of excellence
that leverages its strengths in
research
, industrial know-how and regulatory capacity across the AI value chain. At the same time, developing an ecosystem of trust is essential to promote confidence in AI and provide legal certainty for businesses to innovate.
To achieve this, Europe’s AI policy approach has been evolving for nearly a decade, resulting in the development of a comprehensive
governance framework
for AI and a set of concrete instruments covering regulation, capability-building and adoption. Together, these elements guide EU responses to emerging and disruptive innovations.
AI Continent Action Plan
The
AI Continent Action Plan
is turning Europe into a global leader in AI by accelerating the development, deployment and uptake of the technology across key sectors like healthcare, education, industry, and environmental sustainability.
The plan is to build large-scale AI data and computing infrastructures, increase access to high-quality data, foster AI adoption in strategic sectors, strengthen AI skills and talent and facilitate the implementation of the
AI Act
. Key components include:
The reinforcement of
AI Factories and Gigafactories
The
InvestAI Facility
to stimulate private investment
AI Act Service Desk
, to support a smooth and effective implementation of the AI Act across the EU
The future launch of the AI Skills Academy
The
Cloud and AI Development Act (CADA)
aims to reduce strategic dependencies and advance the AI Continent Action Plan’s goal of more sovereign, resilient and competitive European AI solutions. CADA will create better conditions for businesses, researchers, and public administrations to innovate and invest in AI and cloud technologies.
Apply AI Strategy
The
Apply AI Strategy
complements the AI Continent Action Plan. It aims to harness AI’s transformative potential by increasing AI adoption and integration across key industrial and public sectors, especially among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and support their specific needs.
This strategy is boosting EU capabilities to unlock societal benefits, from enabling more accurate medical diagnoses to increasing the accessibility and efficiency of public services. It encourages an AI-first policy, so more companies consider AI as a part of the solution to tackle challenges, while taking into careful consideration the benefits and the risks of the technology.
To coordinate AI-related policies and continue the dialogue on EU strategic sectors, the European Commission also launched the
Apply AI Alliance
. This is a forum made up of AI providers, industry, public sector, academia, social partners and civil society organisations. Closely connected to this forum, the upcoming AI Observatory will track AI trends and assess the impact of AI in specific sectors.
AI Act
The
AI Act
introduces a clear, easy-to-understand approach based on 4 different levels of risk - giving AI developers, deployers, and users clarity about how to address risks generated by specific AI uses. The law strikes a balance between promoting AI research and innovation while ensuring Europeans can benefit from safe and trustworthy AI. From 2 August 2026, the AI Office and national authorities started to
enforce the AI Act
.
The Commission is committed to a clear, simple and innovation-friendly implementation of the AI Act. In November 2025, we proposed targeted amendments to the AI Act (the 'AI omnibus') as part of the
digital simplification package
. The amendments were adopted in June 2026 and
entered into force in 27 July 2026
.
These efforts complement actions already underway to provide clarity for businesses and national authorities. Find an overview of the
upcoming guidelines supporting the implementation of the AI Act
.
AI innovation package and GenAI4EU initiative
The 2024
Innovation Package to support AI startups and SMEs
was designed to create the conditions to give smaller companies greater access to key ingredients for developing AI: data, computing, algorithms and talent. This also includes access to supercomputing.
One key element of this package is the
Communication on boosting startups and innovation in trustworthy AI
that sets out a strategic investment framework in trustworthy AI. This will enable the EU to capitalise on its assets, in particular its world-leading supercomputing infrastructure, and to foster an innovative European AI ecosystem.
Part of the Communication, the
GenAI4EU
initiative aims to stimulate the uptake of generative AI across the EU’s key strategic industrial ecosystems. In turn, that will encourage the development of large open innovation ecosystems that will boost collaboration between AI startups and deployers of AI in both industrial and public sectors.
Important milestones
31 July 2026
Entry into force of AI Act
27 July 2026
Entry into force AI Omnibus
20 July 2026
Publication of the guidelines on transparency obligations for providers and deployers of certain AI systems
10 June 2026
Publication of the Code of Practice on marking and labelling AI-generated content
03 June 2026
Tech Sovereignty Package
- proposal for
Cloud and AI Development Act
01 June 2026
Launch of AI Act Advisory Forum & Scientific Panel
07 May 2026
Political agreement on AI Omnibus
24 November 2025
Launch of AI Act Whistleblower tool
19 November 2025
Digital Omnibus proposal, including AI Act simplification
05 November 2025
Beginning of the drawing-up process of the Code of Practice on Code of Practice on marking and labelling of AI-generated content
08 October 2025
Commission adopts Apply AI Strategy
Launch of AI Act Service Desk
02 August 2025
AI Act obligations for providers of GPAI models enter into application
18 July 2025
Commission publishes guidelines for providers of General-Purpose AI
10 July 2025
Commission receives General-Purpose AI Code of Practice
9 April 2025
AI Continent Action Plan
12 March 2025
Six additional consortia selected to establish AI factories
11 February 2025
Launch InvestAI at the AI Action Summit in Paris
6 February 2025
Guidelines on AI system definition
4 February 2025
Guidelines on prohibited AI practices
10 December 2025
Seven consortia selected to establish AI factories which will boost AI innovation in the EU
September 2024
Beginning of the drawing-up process of the Code of Practice for General-Purpose AI
Companies sign EU AI Pact pledges (Pillar II)
1 August 2024
AI Act enters into force
June 2024
Establishment of the European AI Office
January 2024
AI innovation package to support Artificial Intelligence startups and SMEs
December 2023
Political agreement on the AI Act reached by the co-legislators
April 2021
Communication on Fostering a European approach to AI
Proposal for a regulation laying down harmonised rules on AI
Updated coordinated plan on AI
Impact assessment of an AI regulation
February 2020
White paper on AI: a European approach to excellence and trust
April 2019
Communication: Building trust in human-centric artificial intelligence
December 2018
Coordinated plan on AI
Communication: AI made in Europe
June 2018
Launch of the European AI alliance
Set up of the high-level expert group on AI
April 2018
Communication: Artificial intelligence for Europe
Declaration of cooperation on artificial intelligence
Quick links
Artificial Intelligence – Questions and Answers
AI Act
Support ecosystem for AI innovation in Europe
AI Innovation Package
Strategy on artificial intelligence
White paper on artificial intelligence
Communication on boosting startups and innovation in trustworthy AI
Latest News
Press release
31 July 2026
Commission starts enforcing AI Act rules and new transparency requirements on 2 August
From 2 August 2026, the European Commission’s AI Office, together with national authorities, will begin enforcing the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act.
Press release
30 July 2026
EU launches AI Gigafactories call to boost Europe's computing capacity and unlock more than €30 billion in investment
The EU has launched a call for tenders to establish up to seven AI Gigafactories across Europe, as part of its latest major push to accelerate Europe's technological sovereignty and ambition of becoming the AI Continent.
Press release
20 July 2026
Commission publishes guidelines on transparency obligations for providers and deployers of certain AI systems
The European Commission has published guidelines to assist providers and deployers of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in meeting the AI Act's transparency obligations, which start to apply on 2 August 2026.
Press release
07 July 2026
Commission presents EU Action Plan on Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence
The European Commission has presented an Action Plan for a structured response to address the risks and harness the opportunities of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models for cybersecurity.
Browse Artificial intelligence
Related Content
Big Picture
Artificial Intelligence
Europe is transforming into the AI continent by fostering the development and uptake of new AI applications while ensuring that AI remains safe and respect EU values.
Dig deeper
AI Act
The AI Act is the first-ever legal framework on AI, which addresses the risks of AI and positions...
AI Pact
The AI Pact encourages and supports organisations to plan ahead for the implementation of AI Act...
Guidelines for providers of general-purpose AI models
The Commission has issued guidelines to clarify the scope of the obligations for providers of...
Guidelines for providers and deployers of AI high-risk systems
The guidelines clarify the classification of AI systems as high-risk under the AI Act and a list of...
Guidelines on transparency obligations for providers and deployers of certain AI systems
These guidelines help providers and deployers of AI systems and competent authorities in ensuring...
The General-Purpose AI Code of Practice
The code of practice helps industry comply with the AI Act legal obligations on safety, transparency...
Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-generated Content
This code of practice supports compliance with the AI Act transparency obligations related to...
High-level expert group on artificial intelligence
The European Commission appointed a group of experts to provide advice on its artificial...
Apply AI Alliance
The Apply AI Alliance is a coordination forum for AI stakeholders and policy makers, to advance the...
Ecosystem for AI innovation in Europe
Explore the Commission's AI ecosystem, where through initiatives like European Digital Innovation...
European AI Innovation Month
The European AI Innovation Month brings together policymakers, industry, public sector, and...
Related Content
European Data Governance Act
A European Data Governance Act, which is fully in line with EU values and principles, will bring...
Last update
31 July 2026
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The SSAC advises the ICANN community and the ICANN Board on matters relating to the security and integrity of the naming and address allocation systems of the Internet. These include operational matters such as those pertaining to the correct and reliable operation of the Root Server System; administrative matters such as those pertaining to address allocation and Internet number assignment; and registration matters such as those pertaining to registry and registrar services like WHOIS. The SSAC also engages in ongoing threat assessment and risk analysis of the Internet naming and address allocation services to assess where the principal threats to stability and security lie, and advises the ICANN community accordingly.
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How to Become Involved
We are actively seeking qualified individuals with a passion for internet security and stability.
For those interested in contributing to the Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC), we encourage you to start with our foundational documents: the
ICANN Bylaws
Section 12.2.b,
Operational Procedures
and the
SSAC Publications
page. These resources provide a comprehensive view of the SSAC’s mission, operational framework, and contributions to Internet security and stability. You can also attend open SSAC sessions during ICANN meetings to meet current members and gain insights into SSAC discussions.
2026 Membership Cycle Timeline
The application deadline for consideration in the 2026 membership cycle is 30 June 2026, 23:59 UTC. Applications are reviewed collectively following this deadline; they are not considered on a rolling basis. Submissions received on or after 1 July 2026 will be held for the subsequent review cycle in 2027.
Application Materials
To submit your application for consideration in 2026, please complete the
SSAC Application Form
.
The Application Form will ask you to provide the following materials:
Your resume or CV
A concise statement of interest outlining your motivation for joining and how you can contribute
Links to relevant work, such as presentations or publications (optional)
Review and Appointment Process
After submitting your application, you will receive an invitation to complete a questionnaire and your Disclosure of Interest. The SSAC Membership Committee then carefully reviews each application, assessing the alignment of candidates' skills and experience with our needs, and conducts interviews with promising candidates. Successful applicants are recommended to the SSAC, and, upon approval, we forward the recommendation to the ICANN Board for formal appointment.
Have questions? We're here to help!
Contact the SSAC support staff at
[email protected]
for any inquiries or additional information.
SSAC Core Principles
Within the context of the SSAC’s role as defined in Article 12, Section 12.2(b) of the
ICANN Bylaws
, the SSAC commits to the following principles:
SSAC provides advice to the ICANN Board and the broader internet community on Security Stability and Resiliency (SSR) topics based on evidence, facts, analysis, and considered opinion informed by experience and expertise.
SSAC provides comments on ICANN Community issues that have the potential to impact the way in which the SSAC is structured and operates.
SSAC participates in ICANN Community activities that are relevant to its SSR role or to the way in which the SSAC is structured and operates.
SSAC members participate in the SSAC as individuals, not as representatives of their employers or other organizations, and as equals.
SSAC members, when they participate in and beyond the ICANN Community, make it clear whether their statements are their own personal views, the views of their employer, or the agreed views of the SSAC when discussing issues relevant to the SSAC.
SSAC members follow the ICANN
Expected Standards of Behavior
and interact with each other and with other members of the ICANN Community with respect, honesty and open-mindedness. They are sensitive to all cultures and receptive to new and alternative ideas.
SSAC members work together collaboratively and diligently to deliver SSAC work that is clear, effective, well-timed and relevant to the ICANN Community
SSAC work clearly speaks to its intended audience, is mindful of their interests, is cognizant of the political environment, and expresses advice and recommendations in a convincing way.
Improving the SSAC
The SSAC has undergone two organizational reviews since it was established.
The first organizational review was conducted by JAS Communications whose
Final Report
was delivered in May 2009. In response, SSAC conducted a self‐review exercise, which resulted in a coherent and comprehensive SSAC report to the Working Group, delivered in June, 2009. Subsequently, SSAC Support staff and the ICANN Board's Structural Improvements Committee (SIC) produced an
Improvements Implementation Plan
to implement the 33 recommendations outlined in the January 2010 Final report of the ICANN Board SSAC Review Working Group. This plan conforms to all guidance contained in the ICANN Board's Resolution 2010.06.25.05 that the SIC will, in coordination with staff, provide the Board with final implementation plans to conform with the measures recommended by the SIC to address the conclusions and recommendations in the final report of the Board Security and Stability Advisory Committee review Working Group. All elements of the plan were completed as of 18 March 2011.
The second organizational review was conducted by Analysis Group whose
Final Report
was delivered in December 2018. The ICANN Board accepted the Final Report and the SSAC's
Feasibility Assessment and Initial Implementation Plan
in June 2019 (Resolutions 2019.06.23.15 – 2019.06.23.20). All elements of the plan were completed as of
25 March 2021
.
Contacting the SSAC
Comments and other communications to the committee should be sent to
[email protected]
.
History of the SSAC
At its
November 2001 meeting
, which focused on security issues, the ICANN Board
directed
the President "to appoint a President's standing committee on the security and stability of the Internet's naming and address allocation systems. The President is directed to develop a proposed charter, with at least a focus on risk analysis and auditing thereof, in consultation with the President's standing committee, and to submit it to the Board for its approval."
At its meeting on 14 March 2002, the ICANN Board
approved
the
charter of the ICANN Committee on Security and Stability
.
On 13 May 2002, the ICANN Board
converted
the President's Committee on Security and Stability to the Security and Stability Advisory Committee.
Correspondence
View a searchable list of SSAC comments and responses on a range of topics to the ICANN Board, community, and broader Internet community.
READ MORE
Current Members
Learn more about the leaders and members of the SSAC. Read short descriptions of their technical expertise and experience.
READ MORE
Publications
Browse a list of SSAC reports and publications on technical aspects of the security, stability, and reliability of the Internet’s addressing system.
READ MORE
SSAC Activities
Get an overview of the SSAC’s current projects, issues being studied, and upcoming meetings through this list of activity reports.
READ MORE
Correspondence
View a searchable list of SSAC comments and responses on a range of topics to the ICANN Board, community, and broader Internet community.
READ MORE
Current Members
Learn more about the leaders and members of the SSAC. Read short descriptions of their technical expertise and experience.
READ MORE
Publications
Browse a list of SSAC reports and publications on technical aspects of the security, stability, and reliability of the Internet’s addressing system.
READ MORE
SSAC Activities
Get an overview of the SSAC’s current projects, issues being studied, and upcoming meetings through this list of activity reports.
READ MORE
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Cybersecurity | Shaping Europe’s digital future
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Cybersecurity
The EU has outlined a cybersecurity strategy to boost Europe’s ability to fight and recover from cyberattacks.
We carry out a lot of our lives online. Since the pandemic, this shift to the digital world has become even more apparent. We have relied on the Internet to keep in touch with loved ones, buy new products, and work from home.
However, as well as new opportunities, the move to a more digital world has also brought new threats in the form of cyberattacks. Cyberattacks are used to steal data, spy on users, disable or manipulate computers and more. They not only target personal computers, but also entire networks, and can be carried out by individual hackers, groups of hackers or even countries.
The EU Cybersecurity Strategy
If the move to digital is to be successful, European citizens and businesses must be able to benefit from new technologies without compromising their cybersecurity. The EU’s Cybersecurity Strategy aims to strengthen our collective cybersecurity and our response to cyberattacks. It will build a stable and secure global Internet where the rule of law, human rights and democratic values are protected.
The strategy has three areas of action:
resilience, technical sovereignty and leadership;
operational capacity to prevent, deter and respond;
cooperation to advance global and open cyberspace.
More on the EU Cybersecurity Strategy
The EU is working to improve cybersecurity skills and promote effective action to the public, so we can all help to keep the digital world safe. Cybersecurity is also a key area in the Digital Europe programme. The programme aims to strengthen cybersecurity coordination between EU countries, and to fund the resilience of EU countries to cyberattacks.
On 10 November 2020, the Commission and the High Representative presented a
Joint Communication
on the new EU Policy for Cyber Defence. The main aim of the policy is to
enhance cooperation and investments in cyber defence and provide better protection against an increase in cyberattacks. For now, both parties will keep track on the progress of the policy through an annual report, with Member States encouraged to contribute. An implementation plan could be set up in cooperation with Member States.
EU Action Plan for strengthening cybersecurity in the health sector
On
15 January 2025
, the Commission launched a
European action plan
to strengthen the cybersecurity of hospitals and healthcare providers. Part of the Political Guidelines of the 2024-2029 Commission mandate, the action plan focuses on
improving threat detection, preparedness, and crisis response in the healthcare sector
. It aims to provide tailored guidance, tools, services, and training to hospitals and healthcare providers. Several specific actions will be rolled out progressively in 2025 and 2026, in collaboration with health providers, Member States, and the cybersecurity community. This initiative marks the first sector-specific initiative to deploy the full range of EU cybersecurity measures.
EU Action Plan on Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence
On
7 July 2026
, the Commission has presented an
action plan
to support the safe and responsible use of AI while strengthening Europe's cybersecurity. It complements the EU's existing legal framework for AI and cybersecurity, including the
AI Act
, the
Cyber Resilience Act
, the
NIS2 Directive
, the
Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA)
and the
Cyber Solidarity Act
. By bringing together EU institutions, Member States, industry, researchers, open-source communities and international partners, it aims to ensure that Europe can harness the benefits of AI while remaining resilient against emerging cybersecurity threats.
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