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H. pylori is a spiral-shaped bacterium found in the stomach, which (along with acid secretion) damages stomach and duodenal tissue, causing inflammation and peptic ulcers. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, H. pylori causes the majority of ulcers. It is believed that H. p...
Queen Elizabeth now refused to send a ship with the fleet, not desiring to antagonize the Spanish ruler by openly taking part in an invasion of a region claimed by Spain. Nevertheless, she did grant Stukeley the use of the royal banner. Longing to return to Florida, Ribaut had not been averse to using any means at hand...
How do you write a math answer? When you write your solution you should:Give each important definition or equation its own line.Don’t bury too much algebra in a paragraph. Label equations or formulas or lemmas or cases you will use later very clearly.Remember that there’s always more paper. How do you write a mathemati...
National Renewable Energy Laboratory researcher Lee Elliott collects samples of algae at a creek in Golden, Colorado. \| Photo by Dennis Schroeder, National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1. Where It Grows There are thousands of different kinds of algae that grow in a variety of colors and forms, and can be found everywher...
Hemoglobin is a protein within mammalian red blood cells that transports oxygen for delivery to tissues throughout the body. Antarctic icefish (Channichthyidae), like the crocodile icefish pictured above, are quite unique in being reportedly the only vertebrate that does not have circulating hemoglobin. In fact, their ...
Updated: Apr 3 The process of ascertaining the size, length, weight, capacity, or other attributes of a target is referred to as "measuring." There are other phrases that are similar to "measure," but they differ depending on the objective (for example, "weight," "compute," and "quantify.") In general, measuring may be...
\|"Snowball Earth" proponents, who say that Earth’s oceans were covered by thick ice, explain the survival of life by hypothesizing the existence of small warm spots, or refugia. Image Credit: USC A study has turned up strong evidence on the "Slushball Earth" side of a decades-long scientific argument. The study appears...
The story began in 1957, with the launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik. Although the Arctic's economic and strategic value had long been recognized, the sudden onset of the space race turned out to be the first in a series of events that triggered Canada's new scientific exploration policy in the Arctic. Shortly afte...
Posted by Rita DeLaRosa at 9/20/2012 For the past week students have been learning to understand the process of multiplication and how to solve problems using strategies. The students can use the traditional (long multiplication), the window, the lattice, distributive property, or the bowtie. It is best for the student...
adaptation, in biology, has several meanings. It can mean the adjustment of living matter to environmental conditions and to other living things either in an organism's lifetime (physiological adaptation) or in a population over many many generations (evolutionary adaptation). The word can also refer to a trait that is...
The normal explanation of trichromacy is that the organism's retina contains three types of color receptors (called cone cells in vertebrates) with different absorption spectra. In practice the number of such receptor types may be greater than three, since different types may be active at different light intensities. I...
\|Part of a series of articles on... 1526 San Miguel de Gualdape The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that commenced on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies, with 21 whites and 4...
Many of us have heard about the "Harvest Moon." Astronomers define Harvest Moon as the full Moon nearest the autumnal equinox (the beginning of autumn). Why does it have special importance? Read on . . . The Usual Moon The usual behavior of the Moon is to rise distinctly later each night -- an average of about 50 minut...
Comet Swift-Tuttle, also known as Comet 109P, is a pretty old comet . It is the largest object known to make repeated passes near the Earth . It is also one of the oldest known "periodic comets" with sightings spanning two millennia . The best estimate of when it will pass by the sun is July 11, 2126. It was originally...
John Chisholm, surgeon and oculist, was born in Charleston, the son of Robert Trail and Harriet Emily Chisholm. He received his medical degree from the Medical College of South Carolina (1850) and continued his studies in London, Milan and Paris (1859). During the Crimean War Chisholm studied treatment techniques in Eu...
Slope-intercept form is useful when we know the y- intercept of a line. However, we are not always given this information. When we know the slope and one point which is not the y -intercept, we can write the equation in point-slope form. Equations in point-slope form look like this: \|y - k = m(x - h)\| To write an equat...
The Upanishads are a collection of sacred texts that form one of the foundations of Hindu religious thought. The most important of these texts, written between about 600 and 300 B.C. , deal primarily with the nature of humans and the universe. Originally passed on orally, these works were eventually collected and writt...
Freckles are clusters of concentrated melanin which are most often visible on people with a fair complexion. A freckle is also called an ephelis. Freckles do not have an increased number of melanin producing cells (melanocytes), but instead have cells that overproduce melanin granules changing the coloration of the ski...
12:31 PM , Posted in Drill and its parts Drill or Drilling operation: Drilling is the process of cutting or originating a round hole from the solid material. There are many ways of classifying drills. The tool(drill) and not the work piece is revolved and is fed into the material along its axis. For example , according...
Czarist Russia had recently lost the Crimean War and was weakened economically and politically and there widespread discontent among Russian serfs with the regime. Patriotic rallies against conscription into the Russian Army held in Congress Poland were answered with a Czarist decree of martial law in 1861. Polish patr...
Difference Between Reflection and Refraction Reflection vs Refraction The phenomenon of a light beam rebounding after hitting a surface is called reflection. To put it simply, the mirror images are what are called reflection generally. The light beam that hits the surface is called incident ray. The light beam that lea...
StonehengeArticle Free Pass Stonehenge, prehistoric stone circle monument, cemetery, and archaeological site located on Salisbury Plain, about 8 miles (13 km) north of Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. It was built in six stages between 3000 and 1520 bce, during the transition from the Neolithic Period (New Stone Age) to ...
Today we will learn about the concept of mental set. “Mental set is the tendency to solve certain problems in a fixed way.” Mental set is important in understanding insight (Ah ha! moments), the act of overcoming an impasse that previously stopped progress on a creative problem. Mental Set & the Water Jug Problem The e...
For a long time humanity has wondered if we are alone in the Universe, and finding the answer is difficult, considering we cannot just fly to another planet to check. For now one of the best things we can do is try to understand why life exists here, and then look for places with similar conditions. Among this special ...
Byzantine Empire (Greek: Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. In certain specific contexts, usually referring to the time before the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it is ...
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) was the most important Indian political and spiritual leader of the 20th century. Gandhi's influence was so great that his methods were later adopted by many political activists around the world, including American civil rights leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr. Gandhi was bo...
The common name for insects in the order Plecoptera, stoneflies, is derived from the preference of the nymphs for the rocky substrates of streams, rivers, or lake margins. Stoneflies are important predators and shredders in aquatic ecosystems and are an excellent source of food for many fish. As a family, they are espe...
Four major forest types are recognized (White 1983): a. Tropical rain forests (TRFs): They occur in areas with annual rainfall of >2500 mm, are ever-green, luxuriant with great species diversity. They contain most of the region's biological diversity - significant both in terms numbers of species (quantity) and species...
Perspective taking skills are rooted in a cognitive skill called, “Theory of Mind.” A formal definition of Theory of Mind is, “an understanding of other people’s mental states” (their thoughts, feelings, desires, motivations, intentions). People use this information tomake sense of other people’s behavior, predict what...
In the 21st century, the American political world revolves around a handful of key dates. But prior to 1933, March 4 was the biggest day on the calendar next to Election Day. The significance of March 4 predates the Constitution. The Confederation Congress, which operated under the Articles of Confederation (our first ...
Sentences can be classified in a number of ways—grammatically, rhetorically, functionally, and so on. One visitor to this site asks about grammatical sentence types: How [do I] tell the difference between Compound, Simple, Complex, Compound-Complex sentences? Before we can identify these sentence types, we need to unde...
The tillage of so-called ephemeral gullies can significantly increase soil erosion on cropland fields, according to studies by the National Sedimentation Laboratory in Oxford, Miss., and the Natural Resources Conservation Service. According to Ron Bingner, agricultural engineer with the Agricultural Research Service an...
Submarines: How They Work - Archimedes' Principle In 1954, the U.S. commissioned the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus. Because nuclear-powered engines required no air, the submarine could stay submerged indefinitely, surfacing only when in need of supplies. The Nautilus could travel at speeds of 23 kno...
phaseArticle Free Pass phase, in astronomy, any of the varying appearances of a celestial body as different amounts of its disk are seen (from Earth, ordinarily) to be illuminated by the Sun. The Moon displays four main phases: new, first quarter, full, and last quarter. New moon occurs when the Moon is between Earth a...
The Phylum Porifera are multicellular organisms which have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl contractted between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and which often migrate between the m...
At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: - Solve absolute value inequalities. - Rewrite and solve absolute value inequalities as compound inequalities. - Solve real-world problems using absolute value inequalities. Terms introduced in this lesson: absolute value inequality Teaching Strategies and Tips Use E...
This time line is drawn largely from the work of Richard B. Morris, in particular his Encyclopedia of American History. Congress Lacks Power over Commerce. When American commissioners attempted to make trade arrangements with Britain, the British Ambassador refused, because any state could decline to abide by Congress'...
New Madrid Earthquakes 1811-1812 New Madrid 1811-1812 Earthquakes Shortly after 2 o'clock on the morning of December 16, 1811, the Mississippi River valley was convulsed by an earthquake so severe that it awakened people in cities as distant at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Norfolk, Virginia. This shock inaugurated wha...
Inclusion in the Classroom TIPS AND RESOURCES to go to the same schools and classes as their friends, neighbors, brothers and sisters. They have a right to be afforded equal opportunities. Some research has shown that inclusion may improve learning and academic performance for all students. Children also have an opport...
Obesity is a complex and chronic disease with many causes. It is not simply a result of overeating. Research has shown that genetics can play a significant role in determining a person's body weight, particularly for morbidly obese people. Diet and exercise may have a limited ability to provide effective, long-term rel...
minstrel showArticle Free Pass minstrel show, also called minstrelsy, an indigenous American theatrical form, popular from the early 19th to the early 20th century, that was founded on the comic enactment of racial stereotypes. The tradition reached its zenith between 1850 and 1870. Although the form gradually disappea...
In 1965, the government under President Lyndon B. Johnson passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, a bill that imposed special restrictions on how some states could run their elections. It was a law passed to solve a problem: in certain parts of America, a history of racial bias prevented equal voting for all—particularly...
Clubfoot, also known as talipes equinovarus, is a congenital (present at birth) foot deformity. It affects the bones, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels and can affect one or both feet. The foot is usually short and broad in appearance and the heel points downward while the front half of the foot (forefoot) turns inwa...
Articles of Confederation On June 11, 1776, the Second Continental Congress appointed three committees in response to the Lee Resolution proposing independence for the American colonies. One of these committees, created to determine the form of a confederation of the colonies, was composed of one representative from ea...
Unlike infectious diseases which are caused by invading agents, like bacteria or viruses, genetic disorders are caused by defects in the patient’s own DNA. In genetic disorders, some segments of DNA contain mutations which prevent the normal, healthy operation of the patient’s cells. Whereas infectious diseases are cur...
Illustrations courtesy Mike Blum, created using NASA images Published June 29, 2009 The Mississippi River Delta is drowning, according to new research that predicts the surrounding coastline will be inevitably reshaped in coming decades. "There's just not enough sediment to sustain the delta plain," said study author M...
Transfer RNA is an ancient molecule, central to every task a cell performs and thus essential to all life. A new study from the University of Illinois indicates that it is also a great historian, preserving some of the earliest and most profound events of the evolutionary past in its structure. The study, co-written by...
Dogs and Deafness: When Your Dog Loses its Hearing For a dog to hear, the cells that transmit sounds must be intact, as must the brain cells that interpret the sounds. Hearing loss can be caused by congenital deafness, changes of old age, middle and inner ear infections, head injuries, wax and debris blocking the ear c...
Great Red Island The southwestern area of Madagascar - the fourth largest island in the world - is highlighted in this Envisat image. The rivers Morondava, Maharivo, Mangoky and Onilahy are shown, respectively, emptying into the Indian Ocean in the Mozambique Channel. The green coloured body of water visible just below...
Common marmosets are New World primates. Their original range was limited to north eastern Brazil, but habitat destruction in that area is widespread. Wild populations of the common marmoset are now located in south eastern Brazilian coastal rainforest. (Parker, 1990) Common marmosets can be found around the edges of t...
VOLTAGE DIVIDER WITH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE VOLTAGE REQUIREMENTS In many cases the load for a voltage divider requires both positive and negative voltages. Positive and negative voltages can be supplied from a single source voltage by connecting the ground (reference point) between two of the divider resistors. The exac...
The oscillations inside of an atom are more regular than a pendulum—or virtually anything else. “The electrons of atoms absorb and release radiation as they undergo shifts in energy. The frequency of this radiation can be used for measurement of time,” explains Sandro Gvakharia ’12, who is constructing an atomic clock ...
Error - unable to load content - Flash This workshop concentrates on the important first steps writing teachers make as they plan for success in their classrooms. These are the key points the teachers, educators, authors, and students consider: Grow as a writer with A Writer's Notebook, an online writer's workshop led ...
\|This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009)\| Wyatt's Rebellion was a popular uprising in England in 1554, named after Thomas Wyatt, one of its leaders. The rebellion arose out of concern over Queen Mary I's determination to marry Philip of Spain, which was an unpopular policy with the Eng...
Back in 1951, 13 black parents sued the Topeka, Kansas school board, charging that their children's segregated education was unconstitutional. The case became famous, known as Brown versus the Board of Education. It wasn't the first case challenging separate but equal laws, but like past cases, it was born out of frust...
The Mesozoic Era, Triassic Period: From the Hudson River westward to the crystalline rocks of the New Jersey highlands occur a thick series of reddish brown sandstones, shales, and called the Newark group, which dip 10 to 15 degrees to the northwest. Near Philadelphia, Trenton, and New Brunswick, the Stockton, Locatong...
Mound Builders, in North American archaeology, name given to those people who built mounds in a large area from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mts. The greatest concentrations of mounds are found in the Mississippi and Ohio valleys. The term "Mound Builders" aros...
Sir Issac Newton in his book "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" states about the principles of motion which are the related to Inertia in his first principle, Acceleration and Force in second law, and in the third principle he wrote about Action-Reaction phenomenon. Principles of motion is generally known as...
Anatomy & Physiology - Body Systems The Skeletal System The branches of science that will help you understand the body parts and functions are anatomy and physiology. Anatomy deals with the study of the human body (the component parts, structure and position) and physiology the study of how the body functions. The Skel...
The charcoal residue created in such fires is eventually washed out of the soil of the forest floor and transported to the sea by rivers and thus enters Earth's carbon cycle. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen, Germany, and Florida International University report their studies demo...
Palm Sunday - The History Palm Sunday (first known as Pasha) originated in the Jerusalem Church around the late third or early fourth century. Ceremonies consisted of prayers, hymns, and sermons as people moved through the numerous holy sites within the city. At the last site, the place of Jesus’ ascension into heaven,...
The Treaty of Versailles is a peace treaty that was put into place at the end of world war one to ensure that there would be peace between the countries involved. This treaty mainly involved Germany, France, Britain and the United States (though Germany was banned from the negotiations). Although the Treaty was intende...
The Supreme Court case, since overturned by Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which upheld the constitutionality of “separate, but equal facilities” based on race. Louisiana had adopted a law in 1890 that required railroad companies to provide racially segregated accommodations. In 1892, the state of Louisiana prosec...
Cause and Effect with the Treasure of Green Lake - Grades: 6–8 - Unit Plan: - Answer questions about the story's plot, demonstrating their understanding of the novel - Make decisions about game play that demonstrate their understanding of the cause-and-effect relationships that exist across the storylines - Use problem...
A filename is a text string that identifies a file. Every file stored on a computer's hard disk has a filename that helps identify the file within a given folder. Therefore, each file within a specific folder must have a different filename, while files in different folders can have the same name. Filenames may contain ...
1.3.4 Vertically opposite angles When two straight lines cross, they form four angles. In the diagram below, these angles are labelled α, β, θ and φ and referred to as alpha, beta, theta and phi. The angles opposite each other are equal. They are called vertically opposite angles. Here α and β are a pair of vertically ...
Clues to Finding the Main Idea in Textbooks and Articles Titles, heads, and subheads. These announce major subjects and ideas in boldface type. Purpose sentence. Look for a sentence in the first paragraphs of a book, chapter, or article that states what the rest of the text will be about. Pre-outline. Look for sentence...
Early Chinese philosophical system, first developed during the Warring States Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, around 500 B.C.E, and named after its founder, Mo Tzu. Mohism is sometimes described as primitive communism, which is not entirely innacurate, but is probably an oversimplified view. Mohism was first and fo...
The brain has an enormous capacity to store information, and to retrieve it again in a highly efficient way that is to date unmatched by any computer. How the brain achieves this is still largely a mystery, although the neuronal mechanisms of learning have been investigated intensely for many decades. What we understan...
Magic Witch Hats Lesson 17 of 24 Objective: SWBAT add the opposite instead of subtracting integers. Most students at this point should be understanding that adding the opposite is equivalent to subtraction and can be used as a tool. However, I expect some students to need another way to look at it. This lesson is suppo...
Human Beings usually need 6-8 hours of sleep per day to maintain healthy cognitive functioning. Constant sleep deprivation may result in depression, hallucinations, memory loss, seizures and even death in extreme cases. In 1964, our abilities to keep awake were tested to its limit. As part of a Stanford University scie...
Astronomers have discovered a planet-like object on the outskirts of the solar system, which means that there could be one planet fewer than was thought. This confusing conclusion, which emerged at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Birmingham, Alabama, was reached because the nature of the new body - na...
Neurocognitive testing is used to find out about a person's thinking abilities, and to determine whether these problems are improving or getting worse. How the test is performed: A nurse, physician, physician assistant, or mental health worker will ask a number of questions. The test can be performed in the home, in an...
Snails and slugs are among the most bothersome pests in many garden and landscape situations. The brown garden snail (Helix aspersa) is the most common snail causing problems; it was introduced from France during the 1850s for use as food. Both snails and slugs are members of the mollusk phylum and are similar in struc...
The length of the diameter of the circle is equal to . Consider the equation of a circle is given by Let be the point of the circle. By putting this point in a circle, then Since the origin is the center of the given circle (i), the line through and across the circle is its diameter. The equation of the line through an...
Heartworm disease is a disease that occurs in dogs, cats, and other mammals. A heartworm is a part of the Nemotoda phylum. It is a parasitic roundworm that uses the host (animal which it is in) in order to grow. In the animal, the parasitic roundworm is safe and receives a steady supply of nutrients. Heartworms usually...
in Wisconsin History Iroquois Wars of the 17th Century Within a generation of Columbus, the French had penetrated the St. Lawrence River and pointed their ships toward the interior. By 1630 they had built settlements at Quebec and Montreal, where they could easily communicate and trade with the Huron, Ottawa, and Ojibw...
The purpose of a bicameral legislature is to represent two differing interests, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica. Wikipedia states that a bicameral legislature also provides checks and balances, and it prevents the passage of bad legislation.Continue Reading Wikipedia notes that the concept of a bicameral legis...
Although the Kepler space telescope has been hobbled by the failure of two of its four reaction wheels, which help stabilize the craft in space, two researchers propose modifying its mission so that the telescope could continue to produce useful data. Since its launch in 2009, Kepler has discovered 132 exoplanets and m...
New study: Less sea rise expected from possible Antarctic melt The ice sheet sitting atop Antarctica is so vast, up to 3 miles (5 km) thick in some places, that it pushes earth’s crust thousands of feet down. If all that ice melted, it would raise sea levels globally by an estimated 230 feet (70 meters). No one thinks ...
"Like" us to connect with other students, watch videos, see job offers and even get special discounts. Evaluation and Testing The importance of Monitoring, The importance of Monitoring, Assessment, Recording, Reporting and Accountability is to enable us to understand what has been understood and the areas the student n...
Part I of this topic explained to parents about children’s misbehaviours and introduced the guidance approach to guide children. Part II discusses the various strategies identified by the guidance approach for guiding children’s behaviours. The guidance approach helps parents to guide children to be considerate and res...
By about 3000 BC, the ancient Egyptians had ways to write down numbers. They made one vertical line for one, two vertical lines for two, and so on up to nine. This is the same as earlier African number systems using tally sticks. For ten, the Egyptians made a U-shaped mark that represented the yoke of an ox, and for tw...
A “Biosphere Reserve” is an international designation of recognition from UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) for an area in the world which is deemed to demonstrate a “balanced relationship between humans and the biosphere.” This means that Biospshere reserves are places arou...
Congress Passes The Joint Resolution To Annex Texas James K. Polk, a Democrat and a strong supporter of territorial expansion, was elected president in November 1844 with a mandate to acquire both the Republic of Texas and Oregon Country. After the election, the Tyler administration realized that public opinion was in ...
An analysis of air bubbles from glacial ice cores shows that the last time the planet experienced rapid warming, there was not a giant release to the atmosphere of the greenhouse gas methane from frozen methane deposits, a scenario some have feared could be repeated in the near future as the planet warms. In the study ...
Big Idea: Students explore numbers in a variety of ways to understand how to compare three-digit numbers based on an understanding of place value. Favorites (33) Resources (15) Reflections (1) Big Idea: Students use numbers, base-ten models, and real-word pictures to examine ways to place numbers in their correct place...
Earlier in the year our 6th Graders used Google Maps to chart routes of Early Migrations to the Americas in Social Studies. Students utilized tools of Google Maps to draw lines representing migration paths and measured distances of each migration path. Students are now learning a different way to view the world digital...
Strand: Characteristics of Science -- Habits of Mind S.ChS.1 Science Inquiry: Questions & Design The learner will evaluate the importance of curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism in science: Exhibit the above traits in their own scientific activities Recognize that different explanations often can be given for t...
Jim Crow (1877-1967?) was the way of life in the American South for about a hundred years after the black slaves were freed. It kept the races separate with blacks at the bottom. It fed on fear. The laws that it was built on were torn down in the 1950s and 1960s by Thurgood Marshall, Martin Luther King, Jr and others i...
The first organisations that represented the interests of employees in New Zealand were small, local trade unions, generally formed by settlers from England and Scotland. They had often belonged to a union in their own country, and were certainly familiar with the idea of organised labour. Around the 1870s, the New Zea...
Reflection of Light Reflection of light (and other forms of electromagnetic radiation) occurs when the waves encounter a surface or other boundary that does not absorb the energy of the radiation and bounces the waves away from the surface. This tutorial explores the incident and reflected angles of a single light wave...
The Albany Plan of Union was proposed in 1754 to unite the North American colonies of Great Britain under a more central government. This would make it possible to cooperate better during the upcoming conflict with the French and Indians, and also help the colonies settle their territorial differences.Continue Reading ...
West Nile Virus In 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) was first documented in the United States during an outbreak of meningitis and encephalitis in NYC. Since its introduction, it became established throughout much of the United States, and has spread into Canada and Mexico. WNV is a mosquito-borne disease that is spread by ...
The red sea urchin (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) is a sea urchin found in the Pacific Ocean from Alaska to Baja California. It lives in shallow waters from the low-tide line to greater than 100 m (330 ft) deep, and is typically found on rocky shores sheltered from extreme wave action. \|Red sea urchin\| A sea urchin's sph...
An article published in the journal “PeerJ” describes the study of fossils with an estimated age between 167 and 164 million years, dating to the Middle Jurassic, of Razanandrongobe sakalavae. It’s the oldest discovered among those belonging to the group of notosuchians, which lived until the Cretaceous period. A team ...
On the day that Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79AD, the sun disappeared behind a thick column of black smoke and the pristine blue of the Amalfi sky was clouded with ash. A series of pyroclastic surges — low, fast moving waves of hot, lethal gases and ash — covered Pompeii, instantly killing its remaining citizens that had...
history/The Dutch Period in Ceylon 1602–1796 The Establishment of Dutch Power in Ceylon At the dawn of the seventeenth century, the young Dutch Republic was emerging as one of the more – if not the most – enterprising and dynamic forces among the European nations. The Dutch were distinguishing themselves particularly a...
Teaching geography is sometimes on of the more difficult concepts to convey to students. We hate to simply have students memorize a map, label cities, rivers, and borders and call that a culture lesson, but sometimes that is all that we have the time to do. Based some readings in cultural studies, many teachers are tur...
Why did fossils of the Ediacaran biota appear suddenly at large size? Our study suggests that the size and shape of early macro-organisms was linked directly to changing environmental conditions by nutrient-dependent growth. It was only in the 20th century that large, complex fossils were identified from what is now na...

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