Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw(config-if)# ip address 172.18.33.88 255.255.255.0? Options: A) It applies an IPv4 address to the virtual interface. B) It applies an IPv6 address to the virtual interface. C) It activates a virtual or physical switch interface. D) It permits IPv6 addressing on a switch port. Answer: A Explanation: The IP address command can only be configured under the SVI, not on physical interfaces, on a 2960 switch.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw# configure terminal? Options: A) It enters the global configuration mode. B) It applies an IPv4 address to the virtual interface. C) It saves the running configuration to NVRAM. D) It updates the MAC address table for the associated port. Answer: A Explanation: The configure terminal command moves the user from privileged EXEC mode into global configuration mode.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw(config-if)# shutdown? Options: A) It disables a virtual or physical switch interface. B) It saves the running configuration to NVRAM. C) It activates a virtual or physical switch interface. D) It updates the MAC address table for the associated port. Answer: A Explanation: The shutdown command administratively disables the interface, putting it in down/down state.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:db8:a2b4:88::1/64? Options: A) It applies an IPv6 address to the virtual interface. B) It activates a virtual or physical switch interface. C) It applies an IPv4 address to the virtual interface. D) It permits an IPv6 address on a switch physical interface. Answer: A Explanation: This command assigns an IPv6 address to a switch virtual interface (SVI).


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw(config-if)# exit? Options: A) It returns to global configuration mode. B) It returns to privileged mode. C) It configures the default gateway for the switch. D) It enters user mode. Answer: A Explanation: The exit command moves one level up, returning from interface config to global configuration mode.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw> enable? Options: A) It enters privileged mode. B) It enters the global configuration mode. C) It enters interface configuration mode. D) It updates the MAC address table. Answer: A Explanation: The enable command is used to move from user EXEC mode to privileged EXEC mode (#).


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of issuing the command BranchSw(config-if)# duplex full? Options: A) It allows data to flow in both directions simultaneously on the interface. B) It allows data to flow in only one direction at a time. C) It enables automatic crossover (Auto-MDIX). D) It configures the switch as the default gateway. Answer: A Explanation: Full-duplex mode enables simultaneous bidirectional communication, increasing efficiency.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN should not carry voice and network management traffic? Options: A) data VLAN B) voice VLAN C) management VLAN D) security VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Data VLANs are meant only for user-generated traffic and should not be used for management or voice communication.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is designed to reserve bandwidth to ensure IP Phone quality? Options: A) voice VLAN B) trunk VLAN C) security VLAN D) management VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Voice VLANs are optimized for IP telephony by providing QoS and minimizing latency and jitter.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is initially the management VLAN? Options: A) default VLAN B) native VLAN C) data VLAN D) management VLAN Answer: A Explanation: VLAN 1 is the default VLAN and is used as the initial management VLAN on Cisco switches.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is designed to have a delay of less than 150 ms across the network? Options: A) voice VLAN B) desirable VLAN C) trunk VLAN D) security VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Voice VLANs are engineered with Quality of Service (QoS) to maintain latency below 150 ms for good call quality.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is used to separate the network into groups of users or devices? Options: A) data VLAN B) management VLAN C) voice VLAN D) native VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Data VLANs segment user or device traffic into logical groups to improve network organization and performance.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which two encapsulation types can be configured on a trunk link? (Choose two.) Options: A) ISL B) 802.1Q C) PPP D) Frame Relay E) HDLC Answer: AB Explanation: Cisco switches support ISL and IEEE 802.1Q as trunk encapsulation methods, though ISL is now deprecated.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What command must be configured on a router subinterface to associate it with a specific VLAN? Options: A) encapsulation dot1q <vlan_id> B) switchport mode trunk C) ip helper-address D) vlan <vlan_id> Answer: A Explanation: The encapsulation dot1q command binds a router subinterface to a VLAN for inter-VLAN routing.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What happens when there is a native VLAN mismatch between two switches? Options: A) STP blocks the port. B) CDP displays an error message. C) The link shuts down automatically. D) The trunk reverts to access mode. Answer: B Explanation: A native VLAN mismatch does not disable the link but triggers a CDP warning and may cause untagged traffic misdelivery.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What occurs when a switch with a higher VTP revision number joins a VTP domain? Options: A) It updates other switches with its VLAN database. B) It resets its configuration to match the others. C) It changes its VTP mode to transparent. D) It becomes the root switch. Answer: A Explanation: The switch with the higher VTP revision number propagates its VLAN database to all domain members, potentially overwriting existing VLANs.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: How does PVST+ improve on the original IEEE 802.1D spanning tree implementation? Options: A) It allows one instance of STP for all VLANs. B) It uses the same root bridge for all VLANs. C) It runs a separate instance of STP for each VLAN. D) It disables STP on trunk ports. Answer: C Explanation: PVST+ maintains one STP instance per VLAN, allowing load balancing by selecting different root bridges per VLAN.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What must be true for ports to form an EtherChannel using PAgP or LACP? Options: A) Ports must be on the same VLAN and have identical speed and duplex settings. B) Ports must be on different VLANs but the same switch. C) Ports must use different duplex settings for redundancy. D) Ports must be configured as access ports. Answer: A Explanation: For EtherChannel negotiation, interfaces must share the same speed, duplex, VLAN, and trunking mode.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which port security violation mode allows traffic but sends an SNMP trap and log message? Options: A) protect B) restrict C) shutdown D) passive Answer: B Explanation: In restrict mode, the switch drops violating packets, sends an SNMP trap, and logs the event without disabling the port.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What happens when a switch receives a frame for a destination MAC address not in its table? Options: A) The switch drops the frame. B) The switch floods the frame out all ports except the incoming one. C) The switch queues the frame until learned. D) The switch sends an ARP request. Answer: B Explanation: When the destination MAC is unknown, the switch floods the frame out all ports in the same VLAN except the source port.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which STP port role is responsible for forwarding frames to and from a designated segment? Options: A) Root port B) Designated port C) Alternate port D) Blocking port Answer: B Explanation: The designated port forwards frames to and from its segment, while other ports block redundant paths.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What happens if one side of a link is set to dynamic desirable and the other to dynamic auto? Options: A) The trunk is formed. B) The trunk fails to form. C) The link remains access mode. D) The link shuts down. Answer: A Explanation: Dynamic desirable actively negotiates trunking, and when paired with dynamic auto, a trunk forms successfully.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is required to manage a Layer 2 switch remotely over the network? Options: A) Assign an IP address to a VLAN interface. B) Configure IP address on a physical interface. C) Enable SSH without IP addressing. D) Configure spanning tree. Answer: A Explanation: A VLAN interface (SVI) must be assigned an IP address to allow remote management through Telnet or SSH.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which frames are not tagged when sent over an 802.1Q trunk? Options: A) Frames from VLAN 1 B) Frames from the native VLAN C) Control frames D) All broadcast frames Answer: B Explanation: Frames belonging to the native VLAN are sent untagged across an 802.1Q trunk by default.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which command assigns a switch port to VLAN 30? Options: A) switchport access vlan 30 B) vlan 30 C) interface vlan 30 D) assign vlan 30 Answer: A Explanation: The switchport access vlan <id> command statically assigns an access port to a specific VLAN.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Why must a default gateway be configured on a Layer 2 switch? Options: A) To enable communication with devices in other VLANs. B) To forward frames between VLANs. C) To allow the switch to send management traffic to remote networks. D) To enable inter-switch trunking. Answer: C Explanation: The default gateway allows the switch to communicate with management stations located on other networks.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the effect of the command switchport port-security aging time 10? Options: A) It sets the aging time for learned MAC addresses to 10 minutes. B) It disables MAC address aging. C) It changes violation mode to restrict. D) It resets the security counter every 10 seconds. Answer: A Explanation: This command defines how long dynamically learned secure MAC addresses remain in the table before aging out.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is designed to have a delay of less than 150 ms across the network? Options: A) voice VLAN B) desirable VLAN C) trunk VLAN D) security VLAN Answer: A Explanation: QoS in voice VLAN ensures delay remains below 150 ms to maintain audio quality.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is used to separate the network into groups of users or devices? Options: A) data VLAN B) management VLAN C) voice VLAN D) native VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Data VLANs are designed to segment users and hosts into separate broadcast domains for efficiency and security.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is configured specifically for network traffic such as SSH, Telnet, HTTPS, HTTP, and SNMP? Options: A) management VLAN B) security VLAN C) trunk VLAN D) voice VLAN Answer: A Explanation: Management VLANs are used for administrative traffic such as Telnet, SSH, SNMP, and web-based configuration.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN supports untagged traffic? Options: A) native VLAN B) voice VLAN C) security VLAN D) management VLAN Answer: A Explanation: The native VLAN carries untagged traffic across 802.1Q trunk links.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN supports untagged traffic? Options: A) native VLAN B) desirable VLAN C) trunk VLAN D) security VLAN Answer: A Explanation: The native VLAN is responsible for handling untagged Ethernet frames on trunk ports.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which solution would help a college alleviate network congestion due to collisions? Options: A) A firewall that connects to two Internet providers B) A high port density switch C) A router with two Ethernet ports D) A router with three Ethernet ports Answer: AB Explanation: Switches provide microsegmentation that prevents collisions, and high port density improves access performance for multiple users.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which type of VLAN is used to designate which traffic is untagged when crossing a trunk port? Options: A) Data B) Default C) Native D) Management Answer: C Explanation: The native VLAN identifies untagged traffic over trunk links and should be configured to an unused VLAN for security.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which message is displayed when 10.10.10.1 is entered into the PC1 Web Browser address bar? Options: A) Local Server B) Test Server C) File Server D) Cisco Server Answer: C Explanation: In this case, trunk mode was not enabled on interface Gi0/1. Configuring 'switchport mode trunk' allows communication between PC1 and the server.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What type of VLAN is configured specifically for network traffic such as SSH, Telnet, HTTPS, HTTP, and SNMP? Options: A) Voice VLAN B) Management VLAN C) Native VLAN D) Security VLAN Answer: B Explanation: Management VLANs carry administrative traffic like Telnet, SSH, and SNMP for network device management.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What additional information is contained in the 12-bit extended system ID of a BPDU? Options: A) MAC address B) VLAN ID C) IP address D) Port ID Answer: B Explanation: The extended system ID adds VLAN information to BPDU to allow STP operation per VLAN.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: During the implementation of Spanning Tree Protocol, all switches are rebooted by the network administrator. What is the first step of the spanning-tree election process? Options: A) Each switch with a lower root ID than its neighbor will not send BPDUs. B) All the switches send out BPDUs advertising themselves as the root bridge. C) Each switch determines the best path to forward traffic. D) Each switch determines what port to block to prevent a loop from occurring. Answer: B Explanation: When first powered on, each switch assumes it is the root and advertises itself until a lower Bridge ID is detected.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which STP port role is adopted by a switch port if there is no other port with a lower cost to the root bridge? Options: A) Designated port B) Root port C) Alternate D) Disabled port Answer: B Explanation: The root port is the port on each switch with the lowest cost path to the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which three components are combined to form a bridge ID? Options: A) Extended system ID B) Cost C) IP address D) Bridge priority E) MAC address F) Port ID Answer: AD Explanation: The Bridge ID (BID) consists of bridge priority, extended system ID (VLAN ID), and MAC address.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: If no bridge priority is configured in PVST, which criteria is considered when electing the root bridge? Options: A) Lowest MAC address B) Lowest IP address C) Highest IP address D) Highest MAC address Answer: A Explanation: With default priorities, the switch with the lowest MAC address becomes the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the function of STP in a scalable network? Options: A) It decreases the size of the failure domain. B) It protects the edge of the enterprise network from malicious activity. C) It combines multiple switch trunk links to act as one logical link. D) It disables redundant paths to eliminate Layer 2 loops. Answer: D Explanation: STP prevents loops by blocking redundant Layer 2 paths, allowing for physical redundancy without broadcast storms.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is a characteristic of spanning tree? Options: A) It is enabled by default on Cisco switches. B) It is used to discover information about an adjacent Cisco device. C) It has a TTL mechanism that works at Layer 2. D) It prevents propagation of Layer 2 broadcast frames. Answer: A Explanation: STP runs by default on Cisco switches to prevent loops, but it does not limit broadcasts or have TTL fields like Layer 3 protocols.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which spanning tree standard supports only one root bridge so that traffic from all VLANs flows over the same path? Options: A) PVST+ B) 802.1D C) MST D) Rapid PVST Answer: B Explanation: The original IEEE 802.1D STP supports a single instance for all VLANs, using one root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the purpose of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)? Options: A) Creates smaller collision domains B) Prevents routing loops on a router C) Prevents Layer 2 loops D) Allows Cisco devices to exchange routing table updates Answer: C Explanation: STP ensures a loop-free Layer 2 topology by blocking redundant paths while maintaining network redundancy.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the value used to determine which port on a non-root bridge will become a root port in a STP network? Options: A) The path cost B) The highest MAC address of all the ports in the switch C) The lowest MAC address of all the ports in the switch D) The VTP revision number Answer: A Explanation: The root port is chosen based on the lowest cumulative path cost to reach the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A small company network has six interconnected Layer 2 switches. Currently all switches are using the default bridge priority value. Which value can be used to configure the bridge priority of one of the switches to ensure that it becomes the root bridge in this design? Options: A) 1 B) 28672 C) 32768 D) 34816 E) 61440 Answer: B Explanation: Default bridge priority is 32768. Lowering it to 28672 gives the switch a better chance to become the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement is true regarding the use of PAgP to create EtherChannels? Options: A) It requires full duplex. B) It increases the number of ports that are participating in spanning tree. C) It requires more physical links than LACP does. D) It mandates that an even number of ports (2, 4, 6, etc.) be used for aggregation. E) It is Cisco proprietary. Answer: E Explanation: PAgP is Cisco proprietary and used to bundle multiple links into an EtherChannel between Cisco devices. It requires full duplex and identical configurations but does not depend on even numbers of ports.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator configured an EtherChannel link with three interfaces between two switches. What is the result if one of the three interfaces is down? Options: A) The remaining two interfaces continue to load balance traffic. B) The remaining two interfaces become separate links between the two switches. C) One interface becomes an active link for data traffic and the other becomes a backup link. D) The EtherChannel fails. Answer: A Explanation: EtherChannel provides redundancy by aggregating multiple physical links into one logical channel; if one fails, the others maintain traffic flow.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator is configuring an EtherChannel link between switches SW1 and SW2 using 'SW1(config-if-range)# channel-group 1 mode auto'. Which command must be used on SW2 to enable this EtherChannel? Options: A) channel-group 1 mode passive B) channel-group 1 mode desirable C) channel-group 1 mode on D) channel-group 1 mode active Answer: B Explanation: Auto mode on one side requires desirable mode on the other to form a PAgP-based EtherChannel; both must be compatible.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which technology is an open protocol standard that allows switches to automatically bundle physical ports into a single logical link? Options: A) PAgP B) LACP C) Multilink PPP D) DTP Answer: B Explanation: LACP (IEEE 802.3ad) is an open standard link aggregation protocol, unlike Cisco’s proprietary PAgP.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is a requirement to configure a trunking EtherChannel between two switches? Options: A) The allowed range of VLANs must be the same on both switches. B) The participating interfaces must be assigned the same VLAN number on both switches. C) The participating interfaces must be physically contiguous on a switch. D) The participating interfaces must be on the same module on a switch. Answer: A Explanation: The VLAN ranges must match on all interfaces forming a trunking EtherChannel; otherwise, negotiation fails.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A switch is configured to run STP. What term describes a non-root port that is permitted to forward traffic on the network? Options: A) Root port B) Designated port C) Alternate port D) Disabled Answer: B Explanation: A designated port is a non-root forwarding port selected for the best path toward the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A set of switches is being connected in a LAN topology. Which STP bridge priority value will make it least likely for the switch to be selected as the root? Options: A) 65535 B) 4096 C) 32768 D) 61440 Answer: D Explanation: The higher the priority value, the less likely the switch becomes the root bridge. 61440 is the maximum standard value.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which port role is assigned to the switch port that has the lowest cost to reach the root bridge? Options: A) Designated port B) Disabled port C) Root port D) Non-designated port Answer: C Explanation: The root port is the port on each non-root switch with the lowest cumulative path cost to the root bridge.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A switch is configured to run STP. What term describes the switch port closest, in terms of overall cost, to the root bridge? Options: A) Root port B) Designated port C) Alternate port D) Disabled Answer: A Explanation: The root port provides the most efficient path to the root bridge based on path cost metrics.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A switch is configured to run STP. What term describes a field used to specify a VLAN ID? Options: A) Extended system ID B) Port ID C) Bridge priority D) Bridge ID Answer: A Explanation: The extended system ID carries VLAN identification within the bridge ID, enabling per-VLAN STP.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A switch is configured to run STP. What term describes the reference point for all path calculations? Options: A) Root bridge B) Root port C) Designated port D) Alternate port Answer: A Explanation: The root bridge serves as the central reference for all STP calculations to prevent loops.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A switch is configured to run STP. What field has a default value of 32,768 and is the initial deciding factor when electing a root bridge? Options: A) Bridge priority B) MAC address C) Extended system ID D) Bridge ID Answer: A Explanation: The bridge priority defaults to 32768 and is the first criterion for root bridge election; lower is preferred.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement describes an EtherChannel implementation? Options: A) EtherChannel operates only at Layer 2. B) PAgP cannot be used in conjunction with EtherChannel. C) A trunked port can be part of an EtherChannel bundle. D) EtherChannel can support up to a maximum of ten separate links. Answer: AC Explanation: EtherChannel can work at Layer 2 or Layer 3. Trunked ports may participate, provided VLAN and native settings match.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement describes a characteristic of EtherChannel? Options: A) It can combine up to a maximum of 4 physical links. B) It can bundle mixed types of 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s links. C) It consists of multiple parallel links between a switch and a router. D) It is made by combining multiple physical links that are seen as one link between two switches. Answer: D Explanation: EtherChannel merges several same-speed physical links into one logical channel, improving bandwidth and redundancy.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which mode configuration setting would allow formation of an EtherChannel link between switches SW1 and SW2 without sending negotiation traffic? Options: A) SW1: on / SW2: on B) SW1: desirable / SW2: desirable C) SW1: auto / SW2: auto (with trunking enabled) D) SW1: auto / SW2: auto (with PortFast enabled) E) SW1: passive / SW2: active Answer: A Explanation: The 'on' mode statically bundles ports without negotiation; both sides must match to form a working EtherChannel.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: When EtherChannel is configured, which mode will force an interface into a port channel without exchanging aggregation protocol packets? Options: A) active B) auto C) on D) desirable Answer: C Explanation: The 'on' mode creates an EtherChannel statically, bypassing negotiation protocols like LACP or PAgP.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which protocol provides up to 16 instances of RSTP, combines many VLANs with the same topology, and supports features like BPDU guard and root guard? Options: A) STP B) Rapid PVST+ C) PVST+ D) MST Answer: D Explanation: Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) allows grouping VLANs into instances with shared RSTP topologies and advanced protection features.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the outcome of a Layer 2 broadcast storm? Options: A) Routers will take over the forwarding of frames as switches become congested. B) New traffic is discarded by the switch because it is unable to be processed. C) CSMA/CD will cause each host to continue transmitting frames. D) ARP broadcast requests are returned to the transmitting host. Answer: B Explanation: Broadcast storms saturate switch bandwidth, causing it to drop new frames and halt normal traffic processing.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator has configured an EtherChannel between two switches connected via four trunk links. If one trunk fails, what happens to the EtherChannel? Options: A) STP transitions the failed interface into forwarding mode. B) STP recalculates the remaining trunk links. C) The EtherChannel transitions to a down state. D) The EtherChannel remains functional. Answer: D Explanation: EtherChannel remains up if at least one physical link is active; STP sees it as a single logical connection, so no recalculation is needed.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: An administrator issues the commands: Router(config)# interface g0/1 and Router(config-if)# ip address dhcp. What is the administrator trying to achieve? Options: A) Configuring the router to act as a DHCPv4 server B) Configuring the router to obtain IP parameters from a DHCPv4 server C) Configuring the router to act as a relay agent D) Configuring the router to resolve IP address conflicts Answer: B Explanation: The command 'ip address dhcp' configures the router interface to act as a DHCP client and request addressing parameters from a DHCP server.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: When a client is requesting an initial address lease from a DHCP server, why is the DHCPREQUEST message sent as a broadcast? Options: A) The client does not yet know the IP address of the DHCP server that sent the offer. B) The DHCP server may be on a different subnet, so the request must be sent as a broadcast. C) The client does not have a MAC address assigned yet. D) The client may have received offers from multiple servers, and the broadcast serves to implicitly decline those other offers. Answer: D Explanation: The broadcast DHCPREQUEST ensures all servers are informed that the client accepted one offer and declined others.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which DHCP IPv4 message contains the following information? Destination: 255.255.255.255, Client IPv4: 0.0.0.0, Gateway: 0.0.0.0, Subnet mask: 0.0.0.0 Options: A) DHCPACK B) DHCPDISCOVER C) DHCPOFFER D) DHCPREQUEST Answer: B Explanation: DHCPDISCOVER is the initial broadcast sent by a client with no IP address to find available DHCP servers.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which message does an IPv4 host use to reply when it receives a DHCPOFFER message from a DHCP server? Options: A) DHCPOFFER B) DHCPDISCOVER C) DHCPREQUEST D) DHCPACK Answer: C Explanation: After receiving a DHCPOFFER, the client sends a DHCPREQUEST broadcast to formally accept the offer.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which command enables a router interface to acquire an IPv4 address automatically from an ISP? Options: A) service dhcp B) ip address dhcp C) ip helper-address D) ip dhcp pool Answer: B Explanation: The 'ip address dhcp' command configures a router interface to act as a DHCP client to an upstream provider.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which kind of message is sent by a DHCP client when its IP address lease has expired? Options: A) DHCPDISCOVER unicast B) DHCPREQUEST broadcast C) DHCPREQUEST unicast D) DHCPDISCOVER broadcast Answer: C Explanation: When a DHCP lease expires, the client sends a unicast DHCPREQUEST to the original DHCP server to renew the address.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A host PC is attempting to lease an address through DHCP. What message is sent by the server to let the client know it is able to use the provided IP information? Options: A) DHCPDISCOVER B) DHCPOFFER C) DHCPREQUEST D) DHCPACK Answer: D Explanation: DHCPACK is sent by the server to confirm that the client can use the leased IP and configuration details.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is one indication that a Windows computer did not receive an IPv4 address from a DHCP server? Options: A) It cannot ping 127.0.0.1. B) It receives an IP address that starts with 169.254. C) Windows displays a DHCP timeout message. D) It cannot ping others in 169.254.0.0/16. Answer: B Explanation: Windows assigns itself an APIPA address (169.254.x.x) when no DHCP server responds.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which DHCPv4 message will a client send to accept an IPv4 address that is offered by a DHCP server? Options: A) Broadcast DHCPACK B) Broadcast DHCPREQUEST C) Unicast DHCPACK D) Unicast DHCPREQUEST Answer: B Explanation: DHCPREQUEST is broadcast to inform all servers that one offer is accepted and others should withdraw.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A small coffee shop is offering free Wi-Fi using a DSL modem. What method is typically used to configure the ISP connection? Options: A) Set the WAN interface in the router as a DHCP client. B) Use a private IP between router and modem. C) Set the DSL modem as a DHCP client to the router. D) Use static public IPs on the DSL modem. Answer: A Explanation: ISPs commonly assign dynamic IPs to customer routers using DHCP on the WAN interface.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement is true about DHCP operation? Options: A) When a device boots, it broadcasts DHCPDISCOVER to find servers. B) A client must wait for lease expiration before sending DHCPREQUEST. C) Clients send unicast DHCPREQUEST messages to select servers. D) DHCPDISCOVER includes all configuration parameters. Answer: A Explanation: A client starts by broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER to locate available DHCP servers on the local network.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator configures a router to send RA messages with M flag = 0 and O flag = 1. How will a PC configure its IPv6 address? Options: A) Use RA info and contact a DHCPv6 server for additional parameters. B) Use only the RA info. C) Contact DHCPv6 for prefix, prefix length, and interface ID. D) Contact DHCPv6 for all information. Answer: A Explanation: With M=0 and O=1, hosts use RA for addressing but query DHCPv6 for supplemental info (like DNS).


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A company uses SLAAC for IPv6 addressing. Which address does a client use as its default gateway? Options: A) Router's global unicast address B) Router's unique local address C) All-routers multicast address D) Router's link-local address Answer: D Explanation: In SLAAC, the router’s link-local address is used as the default gateway by connected clients.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator is analyzing redundancy protocols. Which statement describes HSRP? Options: A) HSRP uses active and standby routers. B) HSRP is nonproprietary. C) HSRP allows load balancing. D) HSRP uses ICMP for gateway assignment. Answer: A Explanation: HSRP is Cisco proprietary and uses active and standby routers to ensure gateway redundancy.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which FHRP implementation is Cisco proprietary and supports IPv4 load sharing? Options: A) IRDP B) GLBP C) VRRPv3 D) GLBP for IPv6 Answer: B Explanation: GLBP is a Cisco proprietary FHRP that supports both redundancy and load balancing among routers.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement describes the DHCPv4 message exchange process? Options: A) DHCPDISCOVER → DHCPOFFER → DHCPREQUEST → DHCPACK B) DHCPREQUEST → DHCPACK → DHCPDISCOVER → DHCPOFFER C) DHCPREPLY → DHCPINFO-REQ → DHCPDISCOVER → DHCPACK D) DHCPREQUEST → DHCPNAK → DHCPOFFER → DHCPACK Answer: A Explanation: The standard DHCPv4 process is DISCOVER, OFFER, REQUEST, then ACK to finalize address assignment.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: After a host generates an IPv6 address via DHCPv6 or SLAAC, how does it verify that the address is unique? Options: A) Send ICMPv6 echo request B) Send ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation to the address C) Check local neighbor cache D) Send ARP broadcast Answer: B Explanation: IPv6 hosts perform Duplicate Address Detection by sending a Neighbor Solicitation to ensure uniqueness.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which statement describes HSRP? Options: A) It selects active and standby routers for gateway redundancy. B) It uses ICMP to locate routers. C) It elects a virtual router master with backups. D) It is an open standard protocol. Answer: A Explanation: HSRP is Cisco proprietary and elects active and standby routers; VRRP is open standard using a master router.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the keyword displayed on www.netacad.com in the PT activity? Options: A) DHCP B) Switch C) Router D) Networking Answer: C Explanation: The host must use stateless DHCPv6 to obtain DNS information; the router needs 'ipv6 nd other-config-flag' enabled.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: An employee returns after 1 week and renews a DHCP lease. Which destination addresses will the DHCPDISCOVER message contain? Options: A) Both MAC and IPv4 of DHCP server B) FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF and DHCP server IP C) FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF and 255.255.255.255 D) DHCP server MAC and 255.255.255.255 Answer: C Explanation: DHCPDISCOVER messages are broadcast at both Layer 2 (MAC FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF) and Layer 3 (IP 255.255.255.255).


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which command allows an administrator to check the IP address assigned to a particular MAC address? Options: A) show running-config | section dhcp B) show ip dhcp server statistics C) show ip dhcp binding D) show ip dhcp pool Answer: C Explanation: 'show ip dhcp binding' displays current DHCP leases, including client MAC, IP, and lease information.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the main reason an ISP commonly assigns a DHCP address to a SOHO wireless router? Options: A) Better network performance B) Better connectivity C) Easy IP address management D) Easier configuration on the ISP firewall Answer: C Explanation: DHCP simplifies public IP assignment and reuse, making address management easy for the ISP.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What information can be verified with the command 'show ip dhcp binding'? Options: A) The IPv4 addresses that are assigned to hosts by the DHCP server B) That DHCPDISCOVER messages are still being received C) The IPv4 addresses excluded from the DHCP pool D) The number of addresses remaining in the pool Answer: A Explanation: 'show ip dhcp binding' lists current leases with client MAC-to-IP mappings.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is the result of 'ip dhcp excluded-address 10.0.15.1 10.0.15.15' on a Cisco router? Options: A) Only 10.0.15.1 and 10.0.15.15 are excluded B) Fifteen addresses are excluded from lease assignment C) A /28 DHCP pool is created automatically D) Only those addresses are allowed to be leased Answer: B Explanation: The command excludes the inclusive range from .1 through .15 from being offered by DHCP.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which FHRP is Cisco-proprietary and supports IPv6 load balancing? Options: A) GLBP B) GLBP for IPv6 C) VRRPv3 D) VRRPv2 Answer: B Explanation: GLBP for IPv6 provides first-hop redundancy and load balancing for IPv6.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: If DHCP servers are down, what IPv4 addresses will Windows hosts typically assign to themselves? Options: A) 127.0.0.1 B) 10.0.0.0/8 C) 169.254.0.0/16 D) 0.0.0.0 Answer: C Explanation: APIPA assigns 169.254.0.0/16 addresses when no DHCP server responds.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A LAN uses SLAAC but hosts do not get a prefix. The interface is up with an IPv6 address. What else must be configured on the router? Options: A) ipv6 dhcp pool B) ipv6 enable C) ipv6 unicast-routing D) ipv6 nd other-config-flag Answer: C Explanation: 'ipv6 unicast-routing' enables the router to generate RA messages for SLAAC.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which FHRP is nonproprietary and uses ICMP to provide IPv4 redundancy? Options: A) VRRPv3 B) GLBP for IPv6 C) IRDP D) GLBP Answer: C Explanation: IRDP uses ICMP Router Discovery messages to provide redundancy.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which Cisco-proprietary FHRP permits only one router in a group to forward IPv6 packets? Options: A) VRRPv3 B) HSRP C) HSRP for IPv6 D) VRRPv2 Answer: C Explanation: HSRP for IPv6 uses one active and one or more standby routers for IPv6 gateways.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which FHRP is nonproprietary, IPv4-only, and elects a single master router per group? Options: A) HSRP for IPv6 B) GLBP C) VRRPv2 D) VRRPv3 Answer: C Explanation: VRRPv2 (IPv4) elects one master; VRRPv3 adds IPv6 support.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which FHRP is nonproprietary, IPv4-only, and does not provide load balancing (limited scalability)? Options: A) VRRPv2 B) GLBP C) GLBP for IPv6 D) IRDP Answer: A Explanation: VRRPv2 provides redundancy via master election but no load sharing.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which message is first sent by a DHCP client when its lease is about to expire? Options: A) DHCPREQUEST (broadcast) B) DHCPDISCOVER (unicast) C) DHCPDISCOVER (broadcast) D) DHCPREQUEST (unicast) Answer: D Explanation: The client attempts renewal by unicasting DHCPREQUEST to the original server; later retries may broadcast.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: True or False? In IEEE 802.1X, the client attempting to access the network is called the supplicant. Options: A) True B) False C) All true D) All false Answer: A Explanation: 802.1X defines the supplicant (client), authenticator (switch/AP), and authentication server.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which feature on a Cisco router forwards traffic when no specific route exists? Options: A) next-hop B) gateway of last resort C) route source D) outgoing interface Answer: B Explanation: The gateway of last resort uses a default route to handle otherwise unroutable traffic.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which is an advantage of dynamic routing over static routing? Options: A) Easier to implement B) More secure control of updates C) Lower router overhead D) Ability to find a new path if the current path fails Answer: D Explanation: Dynamic protocols reconverge to alternate paths automatically after failures.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is a characteristic of a static route that matches all packets (default route)? Options: A) It uses a single network address to send multiple static routes B) It identifies the gateway to which the router sends packets with no better match C) It backs up a route learned by a dynamic protocol D) It must have a higher administrative distance than dynamic routes Answer: B Explanation: A default route (0.0.0.0/0) specifies the next hop for all otherwise unmatched traffic.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: When is it more beneficial to use a dynamic routing protocol instead of static routing? Options: A) In an organization where routers are resource constrained B) On a stub network with a single exit point C) On a small network unlikely to grow D) On a network with frequent topology changes Answer: D Explanation: Dynamic protocols handle changing topologies automatically; static routing suits small/stable networks.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What is a characteristic of a floating static route? Options: A) It creates a gateway of last resort B) It balances load between static routes C) It is a 0.0.0.0/0 default route D) It has an administrative distance higher than the dynamic route it backs up Answer: D Explanation: A floating static route is installed only if the primary (lower-AD) route is unavailable.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a short 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: easy. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which route type has the lowest administrative distance by default? Options: A) A route learned by OSPF B) A directly connected network C) A static route D) A route learned by EIGRP Answer: B Explanation: Directly connected routes have AD 0, the most trustworthy source.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: The network administrator issues the show interfaces trunk command to begin troubleshooting. What conclusion can be made based on the output of this command? Options: A) Interface G0/2 is not configured as a trunk. B) VLAN 20 has not been created. C) The encapsulation on interface G0/1 is incorrect. D) The DTP mode is incorrectly set to dynamic auto on interface G0/. Answer: D Explanation: If both connected switch interfaces are set to dynamic auto, neither side actively initiates trunk negotiation, resulting in the trunk not forming. To fix this, one side must be configured as dynamic desirable or trunk mode to successfully establish the trunk connection.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which switching method ensures that the incoming frame is error-free before forwarding? Options: A) Cut-through B) FCS C) Fragment free D) Store-and-forward Answer: D Explanation: Store-and-forward switching checks the FCS (Frame Check Sequence) for errors before forwarding, ensuring that only error-free frames are sent. In contrast, cut-through switching forwards frames immediately after reading the destination MAC.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A network administrator issues the show vlan brief command while troubleshooting a user support ticket. What output will be displayed? Options: A) The VLAN assignment and membership for device MAC addresses B) The VLAN assignment and membership for all switch ports C) The VLAN assignment and trunking encapsulation D) The VLAN assignment and native VLAN Answer: B Explanation: The show vlan brief command provides information about VLAN assignments and port memberships for all switch ports, helping identify access VLAN configuration.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which three Cisco products focus on endpoint security solutions? (Choose three.) Options: A) IPS Sensor Appliance B) Web Security Appliance C) Email Security Appliance D) SSL/IPsec VPN Appliance Answer: ABC Explanation: Cisco Email Security, Web Security, and IPS appliances protect endpoint systems and user devices. VPN and SSL/IPsec solutions, on the other hand, focus on securing network traffic rather than endpoint protection.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which two commands can be used to enable BPDU guard on a switch? (Choose two.) Options: A) S1(config)# spanning-tree bpduguard default B) S1(config-if)# spanning-tree portfast bpduguard C) S1(config)# spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default D) S1(config-if)# enable spanning-tree bpduguard Answer: AD Explanation: BPDU guard can be globally enabled using 'spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default' or per-interface using 'spanning-tree bpduguard enable'. Both protect PortFast ports from receiving BPDUs that could cause topology issues.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What are the two methods used by a wireless NIC to discover an AP? (Choose two.) Options: A) Delivering a broadcast frame B) Receiving a broadcast beacon frame C) Initiating a three-way handshake D) Sending an ARP request Answer: AB Explanation: In passive discovery, the wireless NIC listens for beacon frames from APs. In active discovery, it sends probe requests to find available networks using the SSID.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which three parameters should be changed as best practices when configuring a home wireless AP? (Choose three.) Options: A) Wireless client operating system password B) Antenna frequency C) Wireless network password D) Wireless beacon time Answer: BCE Explanation: Changing the AP default password, SSID, and wireless network password enhances security. Beacon timing and antenna frequency are generally not changed in standard home setups.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which two Cisco solutions help prevent DHCP starvation attacks? (Choose two.) Options: A) DHCP Snooping B) IP Source Guard C) Dynamic ARP Inspection D) Port Security Answer: AD Explanation: DHCP Snooping prevents rogue DHCP servers and DHCP starvation attacks by validating DHCP messages. Port Security can limit MAC addresses per port, preventing MAC flooding that may trigger DHCP exhaustion.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What are three techniques for mitigating VLAN attacks? (Choose three.) Options: A) Enable trunking manually B) Disable DTP C) Enable Source Guard D) Set the native VLAN to an unused VLAN Answer: ABD Explanation: Disabling DTP and manually configuring trunks prevents unauthorized trunk negotiation. Assigning an unused VLAN as the native VLAN avoids VLAN hopping attacks.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: What are two protocols used by AAA to authenticate users against a central database? (Choose two.) Options: A) SSH B) HTTPS C) TACACS+ D) RADIUS Answer: CD Explanation: TACACS+ and RADIUS provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting for network devices. SSH and HTTPS are transport protocols, not AAA frameworks.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A laptop cannot connect to a wireless access point. Which two troubleshooting steps should be taken first? (Choose two.) Options: A) Ensure the correct network media is selected B) Ensure that the laptop antenna is attached C) Ensure that the wireless NIC is enabled D) Ensure that the wireless SSID is chosen Answer: CD Explanation: The most common connection issues stem from disabled NICs or unselected SSIDs. These checks confirm the device can detect and join the intended WLAN.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: Which two IEEE 802.11 wireless standards operate only in the 5 GHz range? (Choose two.) Options: A) 802.11g B) 802.11ad C) 802.11ac D) 802.11a Answer: CD Explanation: The 802.11a and 802.11ac standards operate exclusively in the 5 GHz band, offering higher throughput but shorter range. The 802.11b/g standards operate in 2.4 GHz, while 802.11n supports both.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: A technician is troubleshooting a slow WLAN and decides to use the split-the-traffic approach. Which two parameters should be configured to do this? (Choose two.) Options: A) Configure the 5 GHz band for streaming multimedia and time-sensitive traffic B) Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for one network and WPA2 Personal AES for the other C) Configure the 2.4 GHz band for basic internet traffic that is not time-sensitive D) Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for both networks Answer: AC Explanation: The split-traffic method separates time-sensitive and standard traffic across 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz bands, optimizing throughput and reducing interference in high-load WLANs.


Instruction: GENERATE MCQ (English): Create 1 multiple-choice question about Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials based on the text in the 'question' column. Provide exactly 4 options (A–D). Fill 'correct_answer' with the option letter(s) that are correct (multiple letters allowed if multi-answer) and write a clear 'explanation' (1–3 sentences). Difficulty level: hard—emphasize troubleshooting, inter-VLAN routing, and scenario-based reasoning. Ensure technical accuracy and avoid ambiguous options.

Output: Question: An administrator issues the command ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 gigabitethernet0/0 2001:db8:acad:6::1 100 on a router. What administrative distance is assigned to this route? Options: A) 0 B) 1 C) 32 D) 100 Answer: D Explanation: The final number in the IPv6 static route command specifies its administrative distance. In this case, 100 designates it as a floating static route used when a preferred route fails.