{"answer": "b still refers to [1, 2]. Rebinding a does not mutate or rebind b.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Do not treat assignment as always copying."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-py-variables-explain-99588f5bcde9", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.variables", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Python names are bindings to objects."], "plan": ["Identify the objects", "Track which names are rebound", "State b's referent"], "prompt": "A learner writes `a = [1, 2]; b = a; a = [3]`. Explain whether `b` changes, using name-binding rather than a box metaphor.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum explanation"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "`a = [1, 2]` binds the name `a` to a list object. `b = a` binds `b` to that same object. `a = [3]` creates a new list and rebinds only `a`. `b` still refers to `[1, 2]`.", "strategy": ["Identify the objects", "Track which names are rebound", "State b's referent"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "[0, 1, 2, 3]", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Give the concrete list."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-py-loops-range-98ee6a184cfe", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["range uses a half-open interval."], "plan": ["Recall range(n)", "List the integers", "Explain the missing endpoint"], "prompt": "What does `list(range(4))` evaluate to, and why is 4 missing?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum exercise"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "range(n) is a half-open interval [0, n). The endpoint n is excluded, matching valid indices of a length-n sequence.", "strategy": ["Recall range(n)", "List the integers", "Explain the missing endpoint"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The default list is created once at definition time. Use None and create a new list in the body.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Repair must keep the convenient default of an empty list per call."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-py-functions-default-2055092cdf15", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.functions", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.8, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["The unexpected sharing happens across calls with no explicit bucket."], "plan": ["Identify the shared object", "Explain definition-time evaluation", "State the None pattern"], "prompt": "A function is defined as `def collect(item, bucket=[]): bucket.append(item); return bucket`. A second call with a new item returns a list containing both items. Diagnose the defect and describe the standard repair.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum debugging"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Default argument objects are evaluated once. The same list is reused and mutated. Write `def collect(item, bucket=None):` and `if bucket is None: bucket = []`.", "strategy": ["Identify the shared object", "Explain definition-time evaluation", "State the None pattern"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Collisions concentrate keys in one bucket, so lookup walks a chain. Mitigations include randomized hash seeds and treeified buckets.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "constraints": ["Stay at data-structure behaviour, not a CVE writeup."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-cs-hashtable-d9fc5ab3b55d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.575, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.1500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Average-case bounds hide adversarial or highly skewed keys."], "plan": ["State the average-case assumption", "Describe collision chains", "Name a mitigation"], "prompt": "Why can a hash table that is O(1) average-case become linear in a single lookup, and name one mitigation used in production runtimes?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum application"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Average-case O(1) assumes a bounded load factor and well-spread hashes. If many keys collide, a bucket degrades to a list (or similar) and that lookup is O(n). CPython randomizes hash seeds and treeifies large colliding dict buckets.", "strategy": ["State the average-case assumption", "Describe collision chains", "Name a mitigation"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "14", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Do not insert extra parentheses that change meaning."], "context": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-math-precedence-349c54d7045a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.95}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Multiplication precedes addition."], "plan": ["Apply precedence", "Compute the product", "Add"], "prompt": "Evaluate 2 + 3 * 4 using standard arithmetic precedence.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Multiplication binds first: 3 * 4 = 12, then 2 + 12 = 14.", "strategy": ["Apply precedence", "Compute the product", "Add"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 14.0, "got": 14.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "14.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "-3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Give the exact integer solution."], "context": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-math-linear-90453d7d324e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["The equation is linear."], "plan": ["Isolate x", "Simplify", "Check by substitution"], "prompt": "Solve for x: x + 5 = 2.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Subtract 5 from both sides: x = 2 - 5 = -3.", "strategy": ["Isolate x", "Simplify", "Check by substitution"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "-3", "got": "-3"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "-3", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "1", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.calculus", "constraints": ["Use radians."], "context": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-math-limit-sinc-8d03a3aaf493", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["f(0) is undefined.", "Nearby values approach 1."], "plan": ["Recognize the indeterminate form", "Recall or compute the standard limit", "State 1"], "prompt": "Compute lim_{x -> 0} (sin x)/x. Direct substitution is undefined; still give the limit.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The two-sided limit is 1. A 0/0 form at a point does not by itself imply the limit is missing.", "strategy": ["Recognize the indeterminate form", "Recall or compute the standard limit", "State 1"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "1", "got": "1"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "1", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "It must be testable and potentially falsifiable by observation or experiment.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Do not claim experiments prove hypotheses in the mathematical sense."], "context": {"concept_id": "science.method", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "science", "education_level": "middle_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-edu-sci-method-98698d9c1878", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.method", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 2.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.575}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Slogans that cannot be tested are not scientific hypotheses."], "plan": ["Define testability", "Mention falsifiability", "Mention controls"], "prompt": "What makes a scientific hypothesis different from an untestable slogan?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum science"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "A hypothesis is a claim that could fail a well-designed test. Experiments can disconfirm it; they do not provide mathematical proof. Controls and replication matter.", "strategy": ["Define testability", "Mention falsifiability", "Mention controls"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Assume a particle model and constant mass."], "context": {"concept_id": "science.newton", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-edu-sci-newton-0cc784d721a7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.newton", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Net force and mass are given in SI units."], "plan": ["Write a = F/m", "Substitute", "Report 4"], "prompt": "A net force of 12 N acts on a 3 kg mass. What is the acceleration magnitude in m/s^2?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Newton's second law: a = F/m = 12/3 = 4 m/s^2.", "strategy": ["Write a = F/m", "Substitute", "Report 4"], "task_type": "numerical", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "b is [1, 2, 3] because a and b referred to the same list. append mutated that object; it did not rebind b.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.variables.box_model"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-variables-box-model-ba2d30482d06", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.variables", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A variable is a box that stores a copy of an object forever."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "After a = [1, 2]; b = a; a.append(3), what is b and why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A variable is a box that stores a copy of an object forever. Why it is wrong: In Python a name is a binding to an object. Assignment rebinds the name; mutable objects can still change through other names. Correct: Names refer to objects. Assignment of one name to another makes both names refer to the same object. Rebinding one name later does not rebind the other.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Assignment cannot appear in that expression position; comparison uses two equals signs.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.conditionals.assignment_as_test"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-conditionals-assignment-as-test-181475a311e3", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.conditionals", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["if x = 0 is a valid test that checks whether x equals zero."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Why does if n = 1: fail to parse in Python?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: if x = 0 is a valid test that checks whether x equals zero. Why it is wrong: In Python a single equals sign is assignment. Equality is written with two equals signs. The assignment form is a SyntaxError. Correct: Use a comparison, not assignment, in a conditional test.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "[0, 1, 2]", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.loops.off_by_one"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-loops-off-by-one-eafbb555fc1e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.95}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["range(n) yields n, so a loop over range(len(xs)) includes the last index twice."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "What values does list(range(3)) produce?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: range(n) yields n, so a loop over range(len(xs)) includes the last index twice. Why it is wrong: range(n) yields 0 through n-1, which is exactly the valid indices of a length-n sequence. Correct: Half-open intervals [0, n) match zero-based indexing. The last index is n - 1.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The same default list is mutated across calls because it is created once at definition time.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.functions.mutable_default"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-functions-mutable-default-af24690d239f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.functions", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A default argument list is created fresh on every call."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Why can a function with a default empty list return [1, 1] on a second call that appends 1?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A default argument list is created fresh on every call. Why it is wrong: Default argument objects are created once, when the function is defined, and reused. Correct: Use None as the default and create a new list inside the function body.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "[[0, 1]] because the inner list was shared.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.collections.aliasing"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-collections-aliasing-9c337838e3fc", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.collections", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Slicing a list always deep-copies nested objects."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "After a = [[0]]; b = a[:]; b[0].append(1), what is a?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Slicing a list always deep-copies nested objects. Why it is wrong: A slice copies the top-level list only. Nested mutables remain shared. Correct: A slice is a shallow copy. Nested lists still alias unless copied recursively.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "14", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "math.arithmetic.order_of_operations"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-misc-math-arithmetic-order-of-operations-ec9e0f81ae69", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.875, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Addition is always done before multiplication, left to right."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Evaluate 2 + 3 * 4.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Addition is always done before multiplication, left to right. Why it is wrong: Multiplication and division bind more tightly than addition and subtraction. Correct: Evaluate 2 + 3 * 4 as 2 + 12 = 14, not (2 + 3) * 4.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "-3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "math.algebra.sign_error"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-misc-math-algebra-sign-error-61cdc543f4bc", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Moving a term across an equals sign never changes its sign."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Solve x + 5 = 2.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Moving a term across an equals sign never changes its sign. Why it is wrong: Adding the additive inverse is required; the sign of the moved term flips. Correct: From x + 3 = 7, subtract 3 from both sides to get x = 4.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No. The two-sided limit is 1 even though direct substitution is undefined.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.calculus", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "math.calculus.limit_substitution"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-misc-math-calculus-limit-substitution-cf1f5021017c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["If substituting x=a into f(x) is undefined, the limit cannot exist."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Does lim x->0 of (sin x)/x fail to exist because the expression is 0/0 at 0?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: If substituting x=a into f(x) is undefined, the limit cannot exist. Why it is wrong: A limit describes nearby values. A hole or removable discontinuity can still have a finite limit. Correct: Algebraic simplification or a two-sided check can show the limit exists even if f(a) is undefined.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It must be testable and potentially falsifiable by observation or experiment.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "science.method.hypothesis_is_guess"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "middle_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-edu-misc-science-method-hypothesis-is-guess-7abdf30d3671", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.method", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A hypothesis is an uneducated guess and experiments exist to prove it true."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "What would make a hypothesis scientific rather than a slogan?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A hypothesis is an uneducated guess and experiments exist to prove it true. Why it is wrong: A hypothesis is a testable claim. Experiments can falsify it; they do not prove it in the mathematical sense. Correct: Design a test that could fail, collect data, and update confidence. Replication and controls matter.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It swallows unexpected errors and control-flow exceptions; catch a specific type instead.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.exceptions.bare_except"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-exceptions-bare-except-2d8d59efadb6", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.exceptions", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["except: is the safest way to keep a program running."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Why is a bare except: considered harmful in Python?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: except: is the safest way to keep a program running. Why it is wrong: A bare except catches SystemExit and KeyboardInterrupt and hides unexpected bugs. Correct: Catch the specific exception you can handle. Let the rest propagate.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Theta(n^2) if work() is constant time.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "cs.complexity.nested_loops"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-cs-complexity-nested-loops-8bfc01f877ea", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.complexity", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Two nested loops over n items are always O(n) because each loop is simple."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "What is the time complexity of for i in range(n): for j in range(n): work()?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Two nested loops over n items are always O(n) because each loop is simple. Why it is wrong: Each of n outer iterations does n inner iterations, which is Theta(n^2) work. Correct: Multiply independent nested iteration counts unless the inner bound shrinks.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It builds a list of None values as a side effect of printing. A for-loop states the intent.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.comprehensions.side_effect"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-comprehensions-side-effect-f67341403be4", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A list comprehension is the right place to call functions for their side effects."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Why is `[print(x) for x in xs]` a poor pattern?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A list comprehension is the right place to call functions for their side effects. Why it is wrong: Comprehensions exist to build a collection. Side-effecting inside them hides control flow and still allocates a list. Correct: Use a for-loop for actions. Use a comprehension when you need the resulting sequence.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It is 'inner', not the original function name.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.decorators", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.decorators.wrapper"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-decorators-wrapper-a0a04812a609", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.decorators", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A decorator that returns an inner function automatically copies the original function's name and docstring."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "After decorating without wraps, what is f.__name__ if the wrapper is named inner?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A decorator that returns an inner function automatically copies the original function's name and docstring. Why it is wrong: The inner function has its own __name__ and __doc__ unless you apply functools.wraps. Correct: functools.wraps(func) updates the wrapper's metadata so tools and tests still see the original identity.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No. CPython will return 'a' unless you add a runtime check.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.typing", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "python.typing.runtime"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-python-typing-runtime-9d71f8e1c0bb", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.typing", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["A type hint like `def f(x: int)` makes Python reject a str argument at runtime."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Does `def f(x: int) -> int: return x` raise TypeError on f('a')?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: A type hint like `def f(x: int)` makes Python reject a str argument at runtime. Why it is wrong: Annotations are not enforced by CPython. They are metadata for checkers and readers. Correct: Use a type checker (or an explicit isinstance guard) if you need a runtime check.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "BFS lists all leaves at distance 1 before going deeper; DFS may fully explore one spoke before another.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "cs.graphs.bfs_dfs"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-cs-graphs-bfs-dfs-10afe1c4e3d7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.graphs", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["BFS and DFS always visit nodes in the same order on an undirected graph."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "On a star graph, why does BFS from the center differ from DFS?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: BFS and DFS always visit nodes in the same order on an undirected graph. Why it is wrong: BFS explores by distance from the start. DFS dives along one path first. Orders differ unless the graph is a path. Correct: Choose BFS for unweighted shortest paths. Choose DFS for connectivity, finishing times, or cycle checks.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The mean is 26.5, dominated by 100. The median is 2.5 and describes the typical small values.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.statistics", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "math.statistics.mean_median"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-misc-math-statistics-mean-median-41bd373c3733", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.statistics", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["The mean is always the best one-number summary of a numeric list."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "For values 1, 2, 3, 100, why might you prefer the median?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: The mean is always the best one-number summary of a numeric list. Why it is wrong: A single extreme value can drag the mean. The median is resistant to that skew. Correct: Report mean when the distribution is roughly symmetric; report median (and maybe IQR) when outliers matter.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Not net heat, once they are in thermal equilibrium. Heat flow requires a temperature difference.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.thermo", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "misconception_id": "science.thermo.heat_vs_temp"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-edu-misc-science-thermo-heat-vs-temp-a74b6805e19e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.thermo", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Heat and temperature are two names for the same quantity."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Can two objects at the same temperature exchange heat?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Heat and temperature are two names for the same quantity. Why it is wrong: Temperature is an intensive state variable. Heat is energy transferred because of a temperature difference. Correct: A large lake and a cup of tea can share a temperature while storing very different amounts of thermal energy.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It receives 3 asynchronously and yields 4. The original work is not rerun.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "javascript.promises.then"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-javascript-promises-then-84241e5e4d38", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.promises", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.1}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Calling .then on a Promise starts the async work a second time."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "If a Promise is already fulfilled with 3, what does a later .then(x => x+1) receive?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: Calling .then on a Promise starts the async work a second time. Why it is wrong: A Promise represents one eventual result. Additional then-handlers observe that same settlement. Correct: The executor runs once. later .then calls receive the already-resolved or already-rejected value.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The predicate is on created_at. An email index does not order or filter that column.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Correct the misconception; do not invent a new error."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "language": "python", "misconception_id": "sql.indexes.where"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-edu-misc-sql-indexes-where-a1ab4d394ec2", "metadata": {"concept_id": "sql.indexes", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.875}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["An index on column a also speeds WHERE b = 1 even if a is never mentioned."], "plan": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "prompt": "Why might CREATE INDEX on users.email not help WHERE users.created_at > '2024-01-01'?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["documented learner difficulty"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Misconception: An index on column a also speeds WHERE b = 1 even if a is never mentioned. Why it is wrong: A B-tree on a cannot locate rows by b. The planner still needs a scan unless another index matches the predicate. Correct: Index usefulness depends on matching predicates, join keys, and selectivity—not on 'having some index'.", "strategy": ["Name the false belief", "Explain the mechanism", "State the correction"], "task_type": "diagnostic_misconception", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "unverified"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "8", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-sub-17f869011448", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "What is 17 - 9?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "17-9=8.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 8.0, "got": 8.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "8.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "42", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-mul-d8a7e7d0f47a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "What is 6 × 7?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "6*7=42.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 42.0, "got": 42.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "42.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.algebra", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-lin-37f753c4e48f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Solve 3x - 6 = 9. What is x?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "3x=15, x=5.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "5", "got": "5"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "5", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
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{"answer": "6", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.discrete", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.discrete", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-c42-39528d10a531", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.discrete", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "How many 2-element subsets of {a,b,c,d}?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C(4,2)=6.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "11", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-dot-d0742eecd37f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Dot product of (1,2) and (3,4)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1*3+2*4=11.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 11.0, "got": 11.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "11.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
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{"answer": "0.25", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.genetics", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "science.genetics", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-edu-v101-aa-36fa8d049232", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.genetics", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Aa × Aa, P(aa) as a decimal 0.25 or fraction 1/4. Report 0.25.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "One of four Punnett cells.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "numerical", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.25, "got": 0.25}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.25", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "16", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "math.sequences", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-edu-v101-arith5-ad0bca07b3c0", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.sequences", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Arithmetic sequence 4, 7, 10. What is the 5th term?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "a_n=4+3(n-1); n=5 gives 16.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 16.0, "got": 16.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "16.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "-2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.optics", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "science.optics", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-edu-v101-mag-35707575f97e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.optics", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Magnification m=-v/u with v=10, u=5 (same units). What is m?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "m=-10/5=-2.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "numerical", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": -2.0, "got": -2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "-2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "10", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.thermo", "constraints": ["Exact value as specified"], "context": {"checkable": true, "concept_id": "science.thermo", "curriculum": true}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-edu-v101-dt-fd82cbd644fd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.thermo", "curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.3, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8"}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["Independently checked education item"], "plan": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "prompt": "Convert 10 °C of temperature change to kelvin difference.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.education", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.education", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "curriculum_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "ΔT in K equals ΔT in °C.", "strategy": ["Apply the definition", "Compute", "Record the number"], "task_type": "numerical", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source", "concept_extraction", "knowledge_normalization", "task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 10.0, "got": 10.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "10.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Multiplication binds more tightly than addition, matching ordinary arithmetic.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.expressions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.expressions"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-expressions-concept-explanation-0-720744fa6e6c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.expressions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `3 + 2 * 4` evaluate to 11 in Python rather than 20?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "* and / are tighter than + and -. Parentheses override. 2*4=8, then 3+8=11.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 11.0, "got": 11.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "11.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "512; exponentiation associates to the right, so 2**(3**2).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.expressions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.expressions"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-expressions-simple-exercise-1-483f05c1fa43", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.expressions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 2.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the value of `2 ** 3 ** 2` in Python, and which way does `**` associate?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "3**2 is 9, then 2**9 is 512. Left-associative would have been (2**3)**2 = 64.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 512.0, "got": 512.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "512.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "`if x:` tests truthiness. `if x is True:` tests identity with the boolean True.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.conditionals"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-conditionals-concept-explanation-2-603f7ae47ef2", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.conditionals", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between `if x:` and `if x is True:` when x might be 1 or []?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1 is truthy but is not True. [] is falsy. Use `is True` only when you mean the boolean singleton.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Single `=` is assignment and is a SyntaxError there. Use `if n == 0:`.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.conditionals"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-conditionals-debugging-exercise-3-6ac689e0dece", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.conditionals", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A script uses `if n = 0:` to test a counter. Why does it fail, and what should it be?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Comparisons use ==. Assignment is a statement, not a boolean test, in that position.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The instance is passed implicitly on the call; `self` names that instance inside the method.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.classes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.classes"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-classes-concept-explanation-4-e7f8328a5237", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.classes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `self` appear as the first parameter of an instance method?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "obj.method(x) is type(obj).method(obj, x). The first parameter is the instance, by convention named self.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Both see the append unless the instance rebound the name to a new object.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.classes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.classes"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-classes-applied-exercise-5-f1791abfaed8", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.classes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What happens if two instances share a class variable list and one appends to it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Class attributes are shared. Mutable class attributes alias across instances. Use instance attributes created in __init__ for per-object state.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Raise when the caller passed something illegal and must notice. Return None only if absence is a normal outcome.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.exceptions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-exceptions-concept-explanation-6-f792ee51986e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.exceptions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.125}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When should a function raise ValueError versus returning None?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Exceptions make the failure path visible. Silent None hides bugs at the next dereference.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It hides bugs and can swallow KeyboardInterrupt subclasses of Exception in some paths. Catch the specific parse error, log, and re-raise unexpected types.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.exceptions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-exceptions-debugging-exercise-7-5ab6c38bf6a6", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.exceptions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A parser wraps a whole file in `except Exception: pass`. Name two harms and a tighter pattern.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Prefer `except json.JSONDecodeError`. Never use a bare except. Avoid swallowing Exception at process boundaries without logging.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Import sets __name__ to the module name, so the guard skips CLI side effects. Direct execution sets it to '__main__'.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.modules", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.modules"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-modules-concept-explanation-8-dfec1bc21253", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.modules", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `if __name__ == '__main__':` guard a script's CLI?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Libraries should be importable without launching the program. The guard separates library functions from the entry point.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A list is an iterable that mints a fresh iterator. A generator is the iterator and is exhausted.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.iterators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-iterators-concept-explanation-9-068c591c9454", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.iterators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can you iterate a list twice but not consume a generator twice?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "iter(list) starts over. A generator's next() advances hidden state until StopIteration.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "An assertion fails the test automatically when the condition is false; a print requires a human to notice.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.testing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.testing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-testing-concept-explanation-10-edef03629078", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.testing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What makes an assertion in a unit test different from a print of the result?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Tests must be machine-checkable. assertEqual documents the expected value and fails closed.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Later tests see leftover state (order dependence). Isolate fixtures: copy, use setUp/tearDown, or construct fresh objects per test.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.testing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.testing"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-testing-applied-exercise-11-c1e0c2ff17b5", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.testing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A test mutates a shared module-level list in setUp and never restores it. What goes wrong, and how do you fix it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Shared mutable fixtures create flakes. Each test should own its data.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The algorithm discards a half based on order. Without sorted order those discards are unjustified.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.algorithms"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-algorithms-concept-explanation-12-364cf6755a37", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is binary search incorrect on an unsorted array even if it sometimes finds the key?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Correctness of binary search is a loop invariant on a sorted range, not a lucky hit.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Theta(n^2)", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.complexity"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-complexity-simple-exercise-13-a3ca58418677", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.complexity", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.975}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A nested loop runs i from 1..n and j from 1..i. What is Theta of the inner-body executions?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Sum_{i=1..n} i = n(n+1)/2 which is Theta(n^2).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Big-O is an upper bound. A quadratic function is also O(n^3).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.complexity"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-complexity-concept-explanation-14-0358e345b340", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.complexity", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is O(n^2) not a contradiction of O(n^3) for the same function?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "f(n)=n^2 is O(n^2) and O(n^3). Theta(n^2) is the tight characterization.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It recurses until the call stack overflows (or hits the recursion limit).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.recursion", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.recursion"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-recursion-debugging-exercise-15-b07c3e3c38da", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.recursion", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A factorial function calls factorial(n) without a base case for n==0. What happens for factorial(3)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Every recursive definition needs a base case that returns without another call. 0! is 1.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It recomputes the same subproblems in two branches, forming an exponential call tree.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.recursion", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.recursion"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-recursion-concept-explanation-16-116532dbc4f4", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.recursion", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can a naive recursive Fibonacci be exponential time?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "T(n)=T(n-1)+T(n-2)+O(1) is Theta(phi^n). Memoization or iteration makes it linear.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "INNER JOIN requires a match in both tables. LEFT JOIN keeps all left rows and nulls the right side when unmatched.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "cs.sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sql-concept-explanation-17-bf1a90b7c266", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sql", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does INNER JOIN drop customers with no orders while LEFT JOIN can keep them?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Choose INNER when you only want matches. Choose LEFT when absence is information.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "name is not functionally determined by dept, so SQL rejects an ungrouped non-aggregated column.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "cs.sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sql-simple-exercise-18-970825311b9b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sql", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In `SELECT dept, COUNT(*) FROM emp GROUP BY dept`, why is `SELECT name` illegal without aggregation or grouping name?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "GROUP BY dept yields one row per department. A per-employee column is not defined on that row.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "401 means unauthenticated (missing/bad credentials). 403 means authenticated but not allowed.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.http"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-http-concept-explanation-19-5435f00bedc7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.http", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between HTTP 401 and 403?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "401 invites supplying credentials. 403 says this principal may not access the resource.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Revert adds a new commit that undoes a change. Hard reset moves history others still have.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.git"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-git-concept-explanation-20-1e7bd5cd72ab", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.git", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `git revert` safer than `git reset --hard` on a branch others already pulled?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Shared branches should grow with new commits, not rewrite published history.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A closure retains the lexical environment where it was created, not a snapshot of the caller's stack frame after return.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.closures"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-closures-concept-explanation-21-80a9ca37c82a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.closures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In JavaScript, why does a function returned from another function still see the outer variable?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The inner function closes over bindings. Those bindings live as long as the function value is reachable.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "`var` is function-scoped so all callbacks share one i, which is 3 after the loop. Use let, or bind i in a factory.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.closures"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-closures-debugging-exercise-22-216fe6116625", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.closures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A loop `for (var i=0;i<3;i++){ setTimeout(()=>console.log(i),0) }` prints 3 three times. Why, and how do you log 0,1,2?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "let creates a fresh binding per iteration. var does not.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Ownership transferred. Using the old name would be a use-after-move, which Rust rejects.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "rust", "topic": "rust.ownership"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-rust-ownership-concept-explanation-23-e3363616fcba", "metadata": {"concept_id": "rust.ownership", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does moving a String into a function make the original binding unusable afterward?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Each value has one owner. Move ends the previous owner's access unless the type is Copy.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Close means no more sends; further sends are programmer errors. Receives drain then produce zero values so range can stop.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "go", "topic": "go.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-go-concurrency-concept-explanation-24-cde37a4b99a0", "metadata": {"concept_id": "go.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is sending on a closed Go channel a panic while receiving after close yields zeros?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Only the sender should close. Use the two-value receive to detect closure.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A function assigns one output per input. A vertical line gives many y for one x.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-functions-concept-explanation-25-7c95cbb744fb", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is a vertical line not the graph of a function y=f(x)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The vertical-line test is the unique-output rule in the plane.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.geometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.geometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-geometry-simple-exercise-26-591514afce5d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.geometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A right triangle has legs 3 and 4. What is the hypotenuse?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Pythagoras: sqrt(9+16)=sqrt(25)=5.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.0, "got": 5.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "100*pi", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.geometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.geometry"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-geometry-applied-exercise-27-4cd6ef399959", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.geometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A circle has radius 10. What is its area in terms of pi?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "A=pi r^2 = pi*100.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "100*pi", "got": "100*pi"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "100*pi", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "1", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.trigonometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-trigonometry-simple-exercise-28-258657581b47", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is sin(pi/2) in radians?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "pi/2 radians is 90 degrees; sine of a right angle is 1.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "1", "got": "1"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "1", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "10", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.discrete", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.discrete"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-discrete-simple-exercise-29-5a18b5f15cfb", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.discrete", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How many 3-element subsets does a 5-element set have?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C(5,3)=10.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 10.0, "got": 10.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "10.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "1/2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.probability", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.probability"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-probability-simple-exercise-30-439280395752", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.probability", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A fair coin is flipped twice. What is P(exactly one head)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Outcomes HH,HT,TH,TT equally likely. Exactly one head: HT, TH. 2/4=1/2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.5, "got": 0.5}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.5", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "6", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.linear_algebra"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-linear-algebra-simple-exercise-31-05a4b638b8ed", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the determinant of the 2x2 matrix [[2, 0], [0, 3]]?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "ad-bc = 2*3-0*0=6.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.number_theory", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.number_theory"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-number-theory-simple-exercise-32-4ed43c1812b1", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.number_theory", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is 17 mod 5?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "17=3*5+2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "9", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.energy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-energy-simple-exercise-33-c3a447326d55", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.energy", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A 2 kg mass moves at 3 m/s. What is its kinetic energy in joules?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "KE=1/2 m v^2 = 0.5*2*9=9 J.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 9.0, "got": 9.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "9.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.circuits", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.circuits"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-circuits-simple-exercise-34-aaed51e4176e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.circuits", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A 12 V battery drives 3 A through a resistor. What is the resistance in ohms?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "V=IR so R=V/I=12/3=4 ohm.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.stoichiometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-stoichiometry-simple-exercise-35-4c8539718d2e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Water is H2O. How many moles of hydrogen atoms are in 2 moles of water?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Each water molecule has 2 H atoms, so 2 mol water contains 4 mol H atoms.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.waves", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.waves"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-waves-simple-exercise-36-f6211fa0595a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.waves", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A wave has speed 10 m/s and frequency 5 Hz. What is the wavelength in meters?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "v=f lambda so lambda=v/f=10/5=2 m.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Without untreated plants you cannot separate fertilizer from other growth factors.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.method"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "middle_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-method-applied-exercise-37-b03af3b2a30a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.method", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is a control group needed when testing whether a fertilizer increases plant height?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "A control holds other variables and shows the baseline. The difference is the evidence, not the treated height alone.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Lists are mutable and unhashable. Use a tuple of immutables, or freeze the data.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.collections"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-collections-concept-explanation-38-19798dadcce1", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.collections", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is a list a poor choice as a dict key, and what should you use instead?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Hash tables require a stable hash. Mutating a key would lose the bucket.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Indexing is extra machinery and off-by-one prone. Iterating values states the intent.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.loops"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-loops-applied-exercise-39-691be258965a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `for i in range(len(xs)):` often worse than `for x in xs:` when you only need values?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use enumerate if you need index and value. Direct iteration is the default.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Namespace packages allow import without __init__.py. It fails if another pack on sys.path is a regular package that hides the namespace, or if the directory is not on sys.path.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.modules", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.modules"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-modules-debugging-exercise-40-c96cffb466cd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.modules", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A package directory has foo.py but no __init__.py on Python 3.3+. Why can `import pack.foo` still work, and when would it fail?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "PEP 420 namespace packages. Explicit __init__.py still makes a regular package. Path order decides which pack wins.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No. The iterator was exhausted by the first list() call. A second pass needs a new iterator.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.iterators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-iterators-debugging-exercise-41-851dd944174b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.iterators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Code does `it = iter(xs); list(it); list(it)` and the second list is empty. Is that a bug in list()?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "list(it) consumes it. Call iter(xs) again, or keep the original sequence.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Full sort is Theta(n log n). A bounded heap is O(n log k), which is smaller when k << n.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-algorithms-applied-exercise-42-0a9cc34a4491", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You need the k smallest elements of n numbers, k much smaller than n. Why is a size-k heap often better than fully sorting?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Each of n insertions/evictions costs O(log k) on a heap of size k. Sorting pays for order you will discard.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The first POST may have succeeded, so a retry can create a duplicate. Idempotent methods or client-generated idempotency keys make retries safe.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.http"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-http-applied-exercise-43-11ccd7e4959c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.http", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.675, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A client retries a POST that created a resource after a timeout with no response. What can go wrong, and what property would make the retry safe?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Timeouts are not failures. POST is not idempotent by default. PUT to a known URL or an Idempotency-Key header addresses duplicate creates.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Git only sees overlapping text hunks. It cannot tell which behaviour is intended. A human must combine or choose the correct function body and test it.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.git"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-git-debugging-exercise-44-3bb50db9159c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.git", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 3.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.65, "tests": 0.0, "total": 5.550000000000001}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Two people edited the same function on different branches. A merge stops with conflict markers. What does Git not know, and what must a human decide?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Conflict markers are not a compiler. Resolve, remove markers, and run tests before committing the merge.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Use-after-move. Clone if you need two owned Strings, or print before moving, or borrow with &s.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "rust", "topic": "rust.ownership"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-rust-ownership-debugging-exercise-45-373723828958", "metadata": {"concept_id": "rust.ownership", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.65, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "This snippet fails to compile: `let s = String::from(\"hi\"); let t = s; println!(\"{}\", s);`. What is the error class, and how do you print both?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "s was moved into t. Clone costs an allocation. Borrowing lets both names observe the same value without a second owner.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The send blocks forever if nobody receives; when main returns the process exits and the work is lost. Wait with a receive, WaitGroup, or a done channel.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "go", "topic": "go.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-go-concurrency-debugging-exercise-46-7b184ad1c385", "metadata": {"concept_id": "go.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.625, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A goroutine sends on an unbuffered channel and the main function returns without receiving. What happens to that send, and how do you wait correctly?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Unbuffered send synchronizes with a receive. Exiting main does not drain other goroutines.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "19", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-functions-simple-exercise-47-6909f7326065", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "f(x)=2x+1 and g(x)=x^2. What is (f ∘ g)(3)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "g(3)=9, then f(9)=19.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 19.0, "got": 19.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "19.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Opposite is a side of the triangle, so it cannot exceed the hypotenuse. Their ratio is at most 1.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.trigonometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-trigonometry-concept-explanation-48-e6e8b67d73cf", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why must sine of an angle in a right triangle be at most 1?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "sin = opposite/hypotenuse. Sides are positive and opposite ≤ hypotenuse.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Each element is independently in or out, giving 2 choices per element, so 2^n subsets.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.discrete", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.discrete"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-discrete-concept-explanation-49-2dd7b17da734", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.discrete", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is the number of subsets of an n-element set 2^n, including the empty set?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The empty set is the all-out choice. The full set is the all-in choice.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The intersection would be counted twice. Use P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.probability", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.probability"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-probability-concept-explanation-50-db8f629d459f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.probability", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can you not add P(A) and P(B) to get P(A or B) when A and B can both happen?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Inclusion-exclusion. Independent events still have a nonempty intersection in general.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Determinant 0 means the columns are linearly dependent, so the map collapses a line to a point and is not injective.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.linear_algebra"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-linear-algebra-concept-explanation-51-1ff2cd402011", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does a 2x2 matrix with determinant 0 fail to have an inverse?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Invertible linear maps are bijective. A collapsed direction cannot be undone.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Each remainder is a strictly smaller nonnegative integer, so the sequence of remainders cannot descend forever.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.number_theory", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.number_theory"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-number-theory-concept-explanation-52-500e405b9a21", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.number_theory", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does Euclid's algorithm terminate when computing gcd(a,b) for positive integers?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Well-ordering of nonnegative integers. gcd(a,b)=gcd(b, a mod b) preserves the gcd.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "KE is (1/2)mv^2, a square. Potential energy is defined up to an additive constant, so the zero point is a convention.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.energy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-energy-concept-explanation-53-4a447572d321", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.energy", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can kinetic energy never be negative in classical mechanics while gravitational potential can be set negative?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Speed squared is nonnegative. You may choose PE=0 at infinity, making bound orbits negative.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The balanced equation requires a fixed mole ratio. When one reactant is used up, leftover excess cannot form more product.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.stoichiometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-stoichiometry-concept-explanation-55-5648d0ac6ea7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can a limiting reactant stop a reaction even if the other reactant is still present?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Stoichiometry is a ratio, not 'mix until gone'. Compute moles and compare to coefficients.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Wavelength halves because v=fλ with v constant.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.waves", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.waves"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-waves-concept-explanation-56-f831d83fc413", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.waves", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "If you double frequency while holding wave speed fixed, what happens to wavelength, and why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "λ=v/f. Doubling f halves λ.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Membership in a list is linear, so the loop can be quadratic. A set gives average-case O(1) membership.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.collections"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-collections-debugging-exercise-57-c1523c033738", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.collections", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.725, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Code does `seen = [];` then `if x not in seen: seen.append(x)` inside a hot loop of 10^6 items. What is the complexity problem, and what structure fixes membership?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use a set for 'have I seen this hashable x'. Lists preserve order if you also need insertion order; dict/set already do in modern CPython.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A possible infinite loop: i may never change. Increment in a path that always runs, or add a termination condition that does not depend on the skipped branch.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.loops"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-loops-debugging-exercise-58-007463f00e41", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.725, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A while loop increments i only inside an `if` that sometimes fails, and i starts at 0. What class of bug is this, and what is the usual repair?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Loop variables must progress. Put i += 1 outside the failing if, or restructure.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "y is 4. Integers are immutable; x was rebound, y was not.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.variables"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-variables-simple-exercise-59-e2ad6e199b2a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.variables", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "After `x = 4; y = x; x = 5`, what is y, and did y change because x changed?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Rebinding x does not follow other names. y still refers to 4.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "You cannot add numerators and denominators separately. Common denominator 6 gives 3/6+2/6=5/6.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.arithmetic"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-arithmetic-concept-explanation-60-498af044146a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.175, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is 1/2 + 1/3 not 2/5?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Fractions are ratios. 2/5 would be a different ratio, not the sum of halves and thirds.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "3*x**2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.calculus", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.calculus"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-calculus-simple-exercise-61-2143fda30a90", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.875, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the derivative of x^3 with respect to x?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Power rule: n x^{n-1}. Here n=3.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "3*x**2", "got": "3*x**2"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "3*x**2", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Newton's first law: zero net force means constant velocity, which may be nonzero.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.newton"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-newton-concept-explanation-62-7beff458c00e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.newton", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "If net force is zero, why can an object still be moving?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Force changes velocity. Zero net force means no acceleration, not necessarily rest.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The list comprehension materializes every result immediately. The generator yields values lazily and can be iterated only once.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.comprehensions"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-comprehensions-concept-explanation-63-35df8e18da4a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.575, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between `[x*x for x in xs if x>0]` and a generator expression `(x*x for x in xs if x>0)`?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use the list when you need len, reuse, or random access. Use the generator for streaming large sequences.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "[0, 2, 4]", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.comprehensions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-comprehensions-simple-exercise-64-648ea1e6b2e2", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What list does `[n for n in range(6) if n % 2 == 0]` produce?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "range(6) is 0..5. The filter keeps evens.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It replaces g with the result of f(g). f must return a callable (usually a wrapper).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.decorators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.decorators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-decorators-concept-explanation-65-63c67afc95b4", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.decorators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `@f` above `def g():` actually do at definition time?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "`def g` binds the original function, then `g = f(g)` runs. That is why argumentless decorators are callables that take a function.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The wrapper overwrote __name__. Apply @functools.wraps(func) on the inner function.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.decorators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.decorators"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-decorators-debugging-exercise-66-3b12ecc404c0", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.decorators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.575, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A timing decorator's wrapper is named `inner` and tests assert `fn.__name__ == 'compute'`. Why do they fail, and what one-line fix is conventional?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "wraps copies __name__, __doc__, and __module__ from the wrapped function.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "__exit__ runs during stack unwind, so close happens on both success and exception paths.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.context_managers", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.context_managers"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-context-managers-concept-explanation-67-457534ef55a3", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.context_managers", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `with open(path) as f:` close the file even if the body raises?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The with-statement is try/finally around __enter__/__exit__. You still see the exception unless __exit__ swallows it.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Use with lock: so release runs if the critical section raises. Hand-paired acquire/release is easy to skip on error paths.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.context_managers", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.context_managers"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-context-managers-applied-exercise-68-574e14b725d0", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.context_managers", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When should you write a context manager for a lock versus calling acquire/release by hand?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Locks, files, and sessions are the usual with-targets because cleanup must be reliable.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No. The annotation is not enforced at runtime. A type checker can still flag append('a').", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.typing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.typing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-typing-concept-explanation-69-1e0b03261c91", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.typing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does `x: list[int] = []` prevent appending a string at runtime in CPython?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Hints document intent. Runtime checks need isinstance or a validator.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It documents that None is a legal value. A plain str hint tells checkers that None is a mistake.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.typing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.typing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-typing-applied-exercise-70-05786ce65cbd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.typing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `Optional[str]` written as `str | None` in modern Python, and what does it allow that `str` does not?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Callers must handle None. The union is the type, not a runtime conversion.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The default encoding is locale-dependent, so the same bytes can decode differently on another machine.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.file_io"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-file-io-concept-explanation-71-e1f575eaedab", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.file_io", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why should you pass encoding='utf-8' when opening text files rather than relying on the default?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Pin UTF-8 for portable text. Binary mode is for bytes that are not text.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Text mode used a locale encoding on write. Readers assuming UTF-8 mis-decode. Write with encoding='utf-8'.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.file_io"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-file-io-debugging-exercise-72-5082a90b8173", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.file_io", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A script writes JSON with `open(path,'w')` on Windows and a later reader on Linux sees garbage around non-ASCII. What went wrong?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "JSON should be UTF-8. Never depend on the ANSI code page for interchange.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "BFS expands by hop count, so the first time you reach a node is via a minimum number of edges. DFS can dive down a long path first.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.graphs"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-graphs-concept-explanation-73-9a84fe4d3261", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.graphs", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does BFS find a shortest path in an unweighted graph while DFS generally does not?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Unweighted shortest path = fewest edges. Weights need Dijkstra or Bellman-Ford instead.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.graphs"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-graphs-simple-exercise-74-ad031bafaffa", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.graphs", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "An undirected graph has 4 vertices and is a square (cycle of 4). How many edges does it have?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "A C4 has four vertices and four edges.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Equal keys keep their original relative order. Mergesort is typically stable; heapsort is not.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sorting", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.sorting"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sorting-concept-explanation-75-d4ab6bf61c35", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sorting", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does it mean for a sort to be stable, and name one algorithm that is typically stable?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Stability matters when you sort by one key and then another. Unstable sorts can scramble the first key's order.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "There are n! possible orders. Each comparison has two outcomes, so you need log2(n!) comparisons, which is Theta(n log n) by Stirling.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sorting", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.sorting"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sorting-applied-exercise-76-f2ba320139b1", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sorting", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is comparison sorting Omega(n log n) in the worst case in the comparison model?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Decision trees of height h distinguish at most 2^h leaves. n! > 2^{o(n log n)}.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Optimal substructure and overlapping subproblems. You store answers to repeated subproblems instead of recomputing them.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.dynamic_programming"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-dynamic-programming-concept-explanation-77-5f8f3e65f074", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What two properties make a problem a candidate for dynamic programming?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "If subproblems do not overlap, divide-and-conquer without a table is enough. If they do, memoization or a bottom-up table pays off.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.dynamic_programming"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-dynamic-programming-simple-exercise-78-9401cf5a540b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Naive recursive Fibonacci without memoization computes F(5). How many times is F(3) evaluated in the standard tree F(n)=F(n-1)+F(n-2) with F(0),F(1) bases?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "F(5) calls F(4) and F(3). F(4) calls F(3) and F(2). F(3) appears twice.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The outcome depends on unsynchronized interleaving of accesses to shared state, so two runs with the same inputs can disagree.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-concurrency-concept-explanation-79-3334967d9c1b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is a race condition, in one operational sentence?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Fix by keeping data thread-confined, using locks/atomics, or avoiding shared mutation.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Both read 0, both write 1. The increments are not atomic.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-concurrency-debugging-exercise-80-ef59db8c28af", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.725, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Two threads do `x = x + 1` on a shared integer without a lock. Why can the final x be 1 after both have 'incremented' once from 0?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Read-modify-write is three steps. A lock, or an atomic add, makes the pair one critical section.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Each process has its own virtual address space. The OS maps those addresses to physical memory separately.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.os"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-os-concept-explanation-81-89fd5f556c0c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.os", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can two processes not see each other's local variables even though they run on the same CPU?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Isolation is a memory-management invariant. Shared memory exists only if explicitly requested.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "User code is not allowed to access device memory or other processes' pages directly. The syscall is the controlled crossing.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.os"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-os-applied-exercise-82-4bef29683f50", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.os", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.675, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A user program calls read() and the kernel copies bytes into the process buffer. Why must that copy (or an equivalent mapping) be mediated by the kernel?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Protection rings / user vs supervisor mode. Drivers and page tables live on the kernel side.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Both wait for the Promise. await pauses the async function and resumes with the fulfilled value or throws on rejection. then registers a callback without using throw.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.promises"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-promises-concept-explanation-83-1d061119fc25", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.promises", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between `fn().then(handler)` and `await fn()` inside an async function?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "await is syntax over Promises. Unhandled rejection vs try/catch is the practical difference.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The Promise caches one settlement. Additional then-handlers observe it; they do not restart the executor.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.promises"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-promises-debugging-exercise-84-56136f815493", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.promises", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Code does `promise.then(ok); promise.then(alsoOk)` expecting the executor to run twice. Why does the network request still happen once?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "To start work twice, call the factory twice. Sharing one Promise is how you join waiters.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.statistics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.statistics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-statistics-simple-exercise-85-d2f362c11979", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.statistics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the mean of 2, 4, 6, 8?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "(2+4+6+8)/4 = 20/4 = 5.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.0, "got": 5.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The 99 pulls the mean up. The median 73 sits with the cluster of typical scores.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.statistics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.statistics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-statistics-applied-exercise-86-4d0433d86f99", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.statistics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.875}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A class scored 70, 72, 74, 99. Why is the median a better 'typical score' headline than the mean?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Mean=(70+72+74+99)/4=78.75. Sorted median is average of 72 and 74 = 73.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "18", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.sequences"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-sequences-simple-exercise-87-d9d193209049", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.sequences", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "An arithmetic sequence has first term 3 and common difference 5. What is the 4th term?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d = 3 + 3*5 = 18.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 18.0, "got": 18.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "18.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.sequences"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-sequences-applied-exercise-88-2b0e01d9463e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.sequences", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.1}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A geometric series has first term 2 and ratio 1/2. What is the infinite sum, if it exists?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "For |r|<1, S=a/(1-r)=2/(1-1/2)=4.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "25104", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.thermo", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.thermo"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-thermo-simple-exercise-89-5fcd81cb14b7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.thermo", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How much heat in joules raises 2 kg of water by 3 K if c=4184 J/(kg·K)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Q=mcΔT=2*4184*3=25104 J.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 25104.0, "got": 25104.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "25104.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Metal conducts heat to your hand faster. Temperature can match; heat flow (conductivity) differs.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.thermo", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.thermo"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-thermo-concept-explanation-90-40af2a5ae63d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.thermo", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does a metal spoon in hot tea feel hotter than a wooden one at the same temperature after a minute?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Thermal conductivity, not a different thermometer reading of the bulk tea, explains the sensation.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "20", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.optics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.optics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-optics-simple-exercise-91-89dc217ebc59", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.optics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.925, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A converging lens has focal length 10 cm. A real object is 20 cm from the lens. Using 1/f = 1/v + 1/u with positive object and image distances, what is the image distance v in cm?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1/10 = 1/v + 1/20, so 1/v = 1/10 - 1/20 = 1/20, hence v = 20.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 20.0, "got": 20.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "20.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Distant objects sit beyond 2f, producing a real inverted image. Nearby text inside f produces a virtual upright image that the eye can focus.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.optics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.optics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-optics-concept-explanation-92-0cb48c2ed93e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.optics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.7, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does a magnifying glass form a real inverted image of a distant window on a card, but a virtual upright image of nearby text for your eye?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Object distance relative to focal length switches the image type. Same lens, different u.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "1/4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.genetics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.genetics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-genetics-simple-exercise-93-12c0937c4416", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.genetics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Both parents are heterozygous Aa for a dominant trait. What fraction of offspring are expected aa?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Punnett: AA, Aa, Aa, aa. One of four is aa.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.25, "got": 0.25}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.25", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Carriers (heterozygotes) do not show the recessive trait, so affected children can be born to unaffected parents.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.genetics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.genetics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-genetics-concept-explanation-94-0c672f27f642", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.genetics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does a recessive disease skip generations in a pedigree more often than a dominant one?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Dominant traits appear whenever one copy is present, so they show in every generation they are transmitted (with complete penetrance).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Each insert/update/delete must maintain the index structure in addition to the heap/table row.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "sql.indexes"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-sql-indexes-concept-explanation-95-e6d88b9dc855", "metadata": {"concept_id": "sql.indexes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can an index make writes slower even when it makes some reads faster?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Indexes are extra data. Point lookups win; bulk loads and high-churn tables pay the maintenance.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "AttributeError: the instance never received x. Parent initialization did not run.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.classes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.classes"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-classes-debugging-exercise-97-92ed2f15b426", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.classes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A subclass forgets to call super().__init__ and then uses self.x set only in the parent __init__. What happens on the first use of self.x?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Call super().__init__ (or duplicate the required setup) before using inherited attributes.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.algebra"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-algebra-applied-exercise-98-a3b5b0e0481a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A rectangle's length is 3 more than its width. Perimeter is 26. What is the width?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "2(w+3)+2w=26 => 4w+6=26 => 4w=20 => w=5.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.0, "got": 5.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Return passes the object reference. Caller and callee can share the same mutable list.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-functions-concept-explanation-99-14f5bf6dd3d2", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does returning a list from a function not copy it unless you copy explicitly?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "If isolation is required, return list(xs) or xs.copy(). Immutables cannot be mutated in place.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.data_structures"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-data-structures-simple-exercise-100-cb1b91a8a883", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A singly linked list has 4 nodes. How many next-pointer follows, starting at the head, reach the last node?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "From the first node you take 3 hops to the fourth.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 3.0, "got": 3.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "3.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.variables"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-variables-simple-exercise-101-bd71fd56ae71", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.variables", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "After `x = 3; y = x; x = 4`, what is y?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "y still refers to the int 3. Rebinding x does not rebind y.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 3.0, "got": 3.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "3.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The right-hand side is fully evaluated (as a tuple) before any assignment.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.variables"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-variables-applied-exercise-102-745dcc65d19e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.variables", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `a, b = b, a` swap two names without a temporary in Python?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Both b and a are read first. Then the names are rebound. A staggered a=b; b=a would lose a value.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "`/` is true division (float). `//` is floor division for ints.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.expressions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.expressions"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-expressions-debugging-exercise-103-4351e97fbeb7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.expressions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.975, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.0}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A learner writes `avg = total / count` when both are ints and is surprised in Python 3 vs a C mental model of truncating. What does Python 3 `/` do, and which operator truncates toward zero for ints?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "7/2 is 3.5. 7//2 is 3. Mixing C's / with Python 3 is a common porting bug.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "2; bool is a subclass of int, True==1.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.expressions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.expressions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-expressions-applied-exercise-104-244eebd291d4", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.expressions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is `True + True` in Python, and why is that legal?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Boolean values participate in integer arithmetic. Prefer explicit int() if the intent is numeric.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Later elif/else bodies are skipped; only one branch of the chain runs.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.conditionals"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-conditionals-simple-exercise-105-bd25f63e22fe", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.conditionals", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `elif` mean relative to a chain of `if`s, if the first `if` already matched?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "elif is exclusive with prior matches. Separate ifs can all run.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Empty lists are falsy; the length form is noisier and still wrong if xs could be None (TypeError).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.conditionals"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-conditionals-applied-exercise-106-1d17946d915f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.conditionals", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `if xs:` preferred over `if len(xs) > 0:` for a possibly-None container you already know is a list?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Truthiness of containers is the idiomatic emptiness test. Guard None separately if needed.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Mutating a list while iterating shifts later items into the current index, so they are never visited.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.loops"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-loops-debugging-exercise-107-f7310c7bda78", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A loop `for x in xs: xs.remove(x)` skips elements. Why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Iterate a copy, or build a new list, or walk indices from the end.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "3 times: 2, 5, 8", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.loops"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-loops-simple-exercise-108-ab58243f2322", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.loops", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How many times does `for i in range(2, 10, 3):` run, and what values of i?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Start 2, step 3, stop before 10.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 3.0, "got": 3.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "3.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "print writes to stdout and the function still returns None by default.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-functions-debugging-exercise-109-85242e61864c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A function uses `print(total)` instead of `return total`. A caller `x = compute()` gets None. Why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Return the value. Printing is a side effect, not a result.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The parameter binds to the same object; a copy costs time and memory without changing read-only use.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-functions-applied-exercise-110-60be018a1174", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why pass a large list into a function rather than copying it, if the function only reads?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "If the function might mutate, pass a copy or use a tuple.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "TypeError; lists are unhashable so they cannot be dict keys.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.collections"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-collections-debugging-exercise-111-2be27d04587f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.collections", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "`d = {}; d[ [1,2] ] = 3` raises. What exception class and why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use a tuple (1, 2) if the pair is the key.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "{1, 2, 3}", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.collections"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-collections-simple-exercise-112-4b39586dddd0", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.collections", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is `{1, 2, 2, 3}` after construction?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Sets drop duplicates. Display order is not a contract.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "id is a class attribute; self.id lookup finds the shared list unless rebound on the instance.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.classes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.classes"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-classes-debugging-exercise-113-0cc4e36647fd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.classes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A class sets `id = []` in the class body. Instances append to `self.id`. Why do they share one list?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Create a new list in __init__ as an instance attribute.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "yes", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.exceptions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-exceptions-simple-exercise-114-252740215a7f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.exceptions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does `finally` run if `except` re-raises? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "finally runs on the way out, including when an exception propagates.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It hides unexpected bugs and can swallow programming errors you wanted to crash on.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.exceptions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-exceptions-applied-exercise-115-908798c4928b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.exceptions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is catching Exception around a whole request handler often worse than catching a specific parse error?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Catch the recoverable type near the source. Let unknown errors surface.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "sys.modules caches the module; from-import binds names once. Reloading is not automatic.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.modules", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.modules"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-modules-applied-exercise-116-00f008238529", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.modules", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `from pkg import util` and `import pkg.util` bind different objects if util.py mutated after the first import?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Treat imports as identity of the module object. Avoid mutable module-level state.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "missing", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.iterators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-iterators-simple-exercise-117-d2a0e40821d1", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.iterators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.0250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `next(iter([]), 'missing')` return?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The default is returned when the iterator is exhausted immediately.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "zip is lazy. A second iteration is empty unless you materialize or tee.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.iterators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-iterators-applied-exercise-118-f25e39c72caa", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.iterators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `zip(a, b)` not a list, and when does that matter?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Call list(zip(...)) if you need two passes.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Any nonempty list is truthy, including the wrong contents.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.testing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.testing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-testing-debugging-exercise-119-26479a70186d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.testing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A test asserts `self.assertTrue(xs)` on a list that should equal [1,2]. Why is that a weak test?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Assert equality with the expected list.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "once per test method", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.testing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.testing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-testing-simple-exercise-120-edc95776c64c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.testing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "unittest: should `setUp` run once per test method or once per class by default?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "setUpClass is the per-class hook. setUp isolates tests.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Broken precondition; the algorithm's invariant does not hold.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-algorithms-debugging-exercise-121-7121a0b80d82", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A two-pointer scan assumes a sorted array but the caller passed insertion order. What class of bug is this?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Sort first if the API allows, or document and reject unsorted input.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Theta(log n)", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-algorithms-simple-exercise-122-a8e33c69aff7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In a binary heap of n items, what is Theta of sift-down from the root in the worst case?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The height of a binary heap is Theta(log n).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "pop(0) is O(n); deque popleft is O(1).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.data_structures"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-data-structures-concept-explanation-123-59d2dcc81385", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When is a deque a better queue than a list using pop(0)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Lists are arrays. Deques are designed for ends.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "If size is even, even keys all share one residue class modulo 2, and doubling can preserve a bad modulus.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.data_structures"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-data-structures-debugging-exercise-124-af9f9734d4ea", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.data_structures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.725, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A hash table resizes at load 2/3 but the hash is `key % size` with size always even. Why can clustering get worse after resize if keys are even?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use a prime table size or a mixing hash, not raw modulo of a structured key.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "O(n log n)", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.complexity"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-complexity-applied-exercise-125-0af7758c1088", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.complexity", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You replace an O(n^2) loop with an O(n log n) sort-plus-scan. For n=10^6, which is expected to win, ignoring constants?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "n log n grows slower than n^2. Constants can still matter at small n.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Each += may copy the growing string, totaling Theta(n^2) characters copied.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.complexity"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-complexity-debugging-exercise-126-4075f9740267", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.complexity", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A function is O(n) but repeatedly concatenates strings in a loop (`s += chunk`). Why can it still be quadratic in CPython?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Join a list of chunks, or use a buffer.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "O(log n) vs O(n)", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.recursion", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.recursion"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-recursion-simple-exercise-127-70e28b860ba2", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.recursion", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.575, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.725}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the maximum recursion depth roughly needed for a balanced binary tree of n nodes versus a linked-list-shaped tree, for a DFS?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Stack depth tracks tree height. Skewed trees are linear height.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "When input height can be thousands; raising the limit still risks crashing the process.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.recursion", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.recursion"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-recursion-applied-exercise-128-b8a14467cf89", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.recursion", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When is converting recursion to an explicit stack preferable to sys.setrecursionlimit?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "An explicit stack uses heap memory and is bounded by your checks.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "COUNT(col) is fewer or equal; it skips NULLs. COUNT(*) counts rows.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "cs.sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sql-debugging-exercise-129-34e1e4a17b05", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sql", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "`SELECT COUNT(*)` vs `COUNT(col)` when col has NULLs. Which counts fewer rows, and why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "NULL is not a value of col. COUNT(*) is row cardinality.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Wrapping the column in a function hides the index; a range predicate on ts can use it.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "cs.sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sql-applied-exercise-130-6a4895b41171", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sql", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.875}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `WHERE year = 2024` be sargable on an indexed year column while `WHERE YEAR(ts)=2024` often is not?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Write ts >= '2024-01-01' AND ts < '2025-01-01'.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "307/308 preserve method; converting POST to GET can drop the body and change a write into a read.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.http"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-http-debugging-exercise-131-ddf7565e587e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.http", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.875, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A client treats HTTP 301 and 302 the same and changes POST to GET after redirect. Which status is specified to keep the method (in modern practice), and what goes wrong if you always GET?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Follow redirect rules per status. 301/302 historically mutated to GET in browsers.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.http"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-http-simple-exercise-132-a7f5637bcc06", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.http", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Is HEAD supposed to have a response body? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "HEAD returns the headers a GET would, without the body.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Stashes are easy to drop, are not first-class history, and do not review well.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.git"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-git-applied-exercise-133-608406a681a3", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.git", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `git stash` a poor backup compared to a commit on a branch?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "WIP commits on a branch are fetchable, reflogged, and describable.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It is only in the reflog until garbage-collected; main does not include it.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.git"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-git-debugging-exercise-134-926c36d0252d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.git", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Detached HEAD after checkout of a tag: you commit, then checkout main. Where did the commit go if you did not create a branch?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Create a branch at the commit before switching away.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "let is block-scoped per iteration when declared in the loop; var is function-scoped.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.closures"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-closures-applied-exercise-135-01960069a61e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.closures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does wrapping a loop body in `{ let i = ... }` change what a later callback sees versus `var`?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "for (let i=...) already creates a fresh binding. var does not.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "live binding", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.closures"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-closures-simple-exercise-136-3d5e2a2be258", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.closures", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does a closure copy primitive values from the outer scope at creation time, or keep a live binding?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "It closes over the variable, not a snapshot, unless you copy explicitly.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No; it rejects when the first rejection happens (after that promise settles).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.promises"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-promises-debugging-exercise-137-85b50683f695", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.promises", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "`Promise.all` on [ok, reject, ok] — does it wait for the last success?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use allSettled if you need every outcome.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "When each step depends on the previous result or must not run in parallel.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "javascript", "topic": "javascript.promises"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-javascript-promises-applied-exercise-138-56f0e0d515fc", "metadata": {"concept_id": "javascript.promises", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `await` in a loop sometimes required instead of `Promise.all`, even if it is slower?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Parallelism is incorrect for sequential side effects.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Reasonable for DAG-like shared ownership of immutable data. A smell if you need Rc<RefCell> everywhere to mutate.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "rust", "topic": "rust.ownership"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-rust-ownership-applied-exercise-139-66d89131ce2f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "rust.ownership", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When is `Rc<T>` a reasonable escape from exclusive ownership, and when is it hiding a design problem?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Prefer borrowing. Interior mutability plus shared ownership is easy to alias incorrectly.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "rust", "topic": "rust.ownership"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-rust-ownership-simple-exercise-140-00152082b824", "metadata": {"concept_id": "rust.ownership", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Can you have two simultaneous `&mut` to the same local? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Aliasing XOR mutability: at most one exclusive borrow.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Range stops after close and drain. Only the sender should close.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "go", "topic": "go.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-go-concurrency-applied-exercise-141-b54c3f7d9be7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "go.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is ranging over a channel a shutdown protocol, and who should close?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Closing from the receiver races with sends (panic).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "yes", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "go", "topic": "go.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-go-concurrency-simple-exercise-142-957c96f2e14f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "go.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Buffered channel of size 1: can a send proceed without a receiver waiting yet? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The buffer holds one value. Unbuffered send always synchronizes.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "9", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.arithmetic"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-arithmetic-applied-exercise-143-f3bc06b49704", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A recipe for 4 people uses 6 eggs. How many eggs for 6 people, scaling linearly?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "6*(6/4)=9.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 9.0, "got": 9.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "9.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Subtraction is left-associative; 16-8-2 = (16-8)-2 = 6.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.arithmetic"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "k5", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-arithmetic-debugging-exercise-144-523ff0882694", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.arithmetic", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student computes 16-8-2 as 16-(8-2)=10. What went wrong?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Parentheses changed the meaning. Write (16-8)-2 or 16-8-2 consistently.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "8", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.algebra"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-algebra-simple-exercise-145-8b2083b9f9ef", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Solve 2(x-3)=10. What is x?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "x-3=5, x=8.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 8.0, "got": 8.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "8.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The middle term -6x; (x-3)^2 = x^2-6x+9.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.algebra"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-algebra-debugging-exercise-146-1d2c426779fe", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 2.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.15}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Expanding (x-3)^2 a student writes x^2-9. What term was dropped?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "FOIL or (a-b)^2=a^2-2ab+b^2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "19", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-functions-simple-exercise-147-2728d50eef4b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.175, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "If f(x)=2x+1 and g(x)=x^2, what is f(g(3))?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "g(3)=9, f(9)=19.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 19.0, "got": 19.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "19.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Composition is not pointwise multiplication.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.functions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-functions-debugging-exercise-148-d54f1ecc57f8", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.functions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student computes (f ∘ g)(x) as f(x)*g(x). Name the error.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "(f ∘ g)(x)=f(g(x)). Product is a different operation.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "12", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.calculus", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.calculus"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-calculus-simple-exercise-149-203e169e3594", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "d/dx of x^3 at x=2?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "3x^2 at 2 is 12.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 12.0, "got": 12.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "12.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The derivative of a constant is 0.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.calculus", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.calculus"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-calculus-debugging-exercise-150-7b4329a32686", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.calculus", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student says the derivative of a constant 7 is 7. Correction?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Slope of a horizontal line is zero. 7 is the function value, not the slope.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.0, "got": 0.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "They computed circumference; area is 16*pi.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.geometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.geometry"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-geometry-debugging-exercise-151-e09a3a34ebbd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.geometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Someone uses area=2πr for a circle of radius 4. What quantity did they compute instead, and what is the area in terms of pi?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C=2πr, A=πr^2=16π.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "16*pi", "got": "16*pi"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "16*pi", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "SSA is not a congruence theorem; two triangles can share SSA data and not be congruent (ambiguous case).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.geometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.geometry"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-geometry-concept-explanation-152-da67f73714c3", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.geometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does SSS congruence not need a separate 'SSA' twin in Euclidean geometry?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "SSS uniquely determines a triangle up to congruence. SSA does not.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The student mixed degree measure with a radian-mode evaluation.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.trigonometry"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-trigonometry-debugging-exercise-153-d6e38f3b351b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 2.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.525}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "sin(30°) is computed as 0.5 but the calculator was in radians. What goes wrong conceptually?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "sin(30 rad) is not 1/2. Convert or switch mode.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5/13", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.trigonometry"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-trigonometry-applied-exercise-154-23e35169fa8e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.trigonometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A right triangle has opposite 5 and hypotenuse 13. What is sin of that angle as a reduced fraction?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "sin=opp/hyp=5/13.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.3846153846, "got": 0.3846153846}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.3846153846", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "10^2 = 100; order matters and repetition is allowed.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.discrete", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.discrete"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-discrete-debugging-exercise-155-b20068ef9703", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.discrete", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Counting passwords of length 2 from 10 symbols with repetition, a student uses C(10,2). What should they use?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C(10,2) is unordered distinct pairs.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 100.0, "got": 100.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "100.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "10", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.discrete", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.discrete"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-discrete-applied-exercise-156-e091a2f2c69d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.discrete", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How many edges in K_5, the complete graph on 5 vertices?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C(5,2)=10.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 10.0, "got": 10.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "10.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "1/4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.probability", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.probability"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-probability-debugging-exercise-157-cda66c5da1e7", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.probability", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.725, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.875}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Two fair coins. A student says P(two heads)=1/3 because HH,HT,TH 'wait they listed TT too' — they listed HH, HT, TT and dropped TH. What is the real probability?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Four equally likely outcomes; only HH.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.25, "got": 0.25}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.25", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "0.8", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.probability", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.probability"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-probability-applied-exercise-158-daea4c07bacb", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.probability", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "P(A)=0.3, P(B)=0.5, disjoint. What is P(A or B)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Add when disjoint: 0.3+0.5.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.8, "got": 0.8}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.8", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Always, unless they meant the Schur product; standard AB uses row-column dots.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.linear_algebra"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-linear-algebra-debugging-exercise-159-2a7f0aa4941e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student multiplies 2x2 matrices by multiplying matching entries (Hadamard). When is that not matrix multiplication?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "(AB)_{ij}=row i of A dot column j of B.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "[[1, 2], [3, 4]]", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.linear_algebra"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-linear-algebra-applied-exercise-160-9ea28c694568", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.linear_algebra", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the identity matrix I_2 times [[1,2],[3,4]]?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "IA=A.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "6", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.number_theory", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.number_theory"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-number-theory-applied-exercise-161-6504713a5ff9", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.number_theory", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.075, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "gcd(24, 18) is?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Euclid: 24=1*18+6, 18=3*6+0.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "15=3*5; odd composites exist.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.number_theory", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.number_theory"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-number-theory-debugging-exercise-162-dcf1857fe900", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.number_theory", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student says 15 is prime because it is odd. Correction?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Primality is about factors, not parity (except 2).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The mean is pulled by 100; the median 2.5 (or 2/3 depending on convention) is robust.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.statistics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.statistics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-statistics-debugging-exercise-163-204935f2169e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.statistics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Data 1, 2, 3, 100. A student reports the mean as a typical value. Why is the median often better here?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "For even n, median is average of the two central values: (2+3)/2=2.5.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.5, "got": 2.5}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.5", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "The differences are 3 then 6; it is geometric with ratio 2, not arithmetic.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.sequences"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-sequences-debugging-exercise-164-78c5f54ee3ba", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.sequences", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "An arithmetic sequence 3, 6, 12... a student used a=3, d=3. What is wrong?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Arithmetic needs constant difference.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "45", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "math.sequences"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cov-math-sequences-simple-exercise-165-75e2370d7d2d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "math.sequences", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Geometric: first term 3, ratio 2, 4 terms. Sum?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "3(2^4-1)/(2-1)=45.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 45.0, "got": 45.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "45.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Untreated plants grown otherwise the same; growth happens without fertilizer too.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.method"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "middle_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-method-debugging-exercise-166-1ff9ceaacb82", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.method", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student 'proves' a fertilizer works by showing treated plants grew. What missing piece is the control?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Compare to control. Anecdote is not a controlled test.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Independent replicates capture biological/plot variation, not just instrument jitter.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.method"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "middle_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-method-concept-explanation-167-87f5d73a42a6", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.method", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 2.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 4.45}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is replication more than repeating a measurement on the same plant five times in one minute?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Pseudoreplication pretends dependent data are independent.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It keeps constant velocity, which may be zero or nonzero.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.newton"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-newton-debugging-exercise-168-4d700a7e6c35", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.newton", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A 2 kg object with net force 0 is said to 'stop'. What does Newton actually say?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "F_net=0 means a=0, not v=0.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.newton"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-newton-applied-exercise-169-e7f7f3824e0e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.newton", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Net force 20 N on 5 kg. Acceleration magnitude?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "a=F/m=4 m/s^2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "10", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.energy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-energy-debugging-exercise-170-4da11678735f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.energy", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.65, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student sets mgh = 1/2 mv^2 and cancels m, then uses g=10, h=5, and reports v=10 forgetting the 2. Compute the actual v from v=sqrt(2gh).", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "v=sqrt(2*10*5)=sqrt(100)=10. If they dropped the 2 they would get sqrt(50).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 10.0, "got": 10.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "10.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "24", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.energy"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-energy-applied-exercise-171-cacf4e2fc61b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.energy", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Work = force times displacement along the force. 8 N through 3 m, parallel. Work in J?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "W=Fd=24 J.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 24.0, "got": 24.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "24.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Series adds; equivalent is 8 ohm.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.circuits", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.circuits"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-circuits-debugging-exercise-172-8da3d3eec02c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.circuits", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Two 4 ohm resistors in series are treated as 4 ohm total. Correction and series equivalent?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Parallel would be 2 ohm. Series 4+4=8.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 8.0, "got": 8.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "8.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "18", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.circuits", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.circuits"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-circuits-applied-exercise-173-26a0865d4e87", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.circuits", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Power P=IV. 3 A through 6 V. Power in W?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "P=18 W.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 18.0, "got": 18.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "18.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.stoichiometry"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-stoichiometry-applied-exercise-174-a8dd55c2077e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O. How many moles of O2 are needed for 4 mol H2?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Ratio H2:O2 is 2:1, so 4 mol H2 need 2 mol O2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Atoms of each element, not the count of molecules.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.stoichiometry"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-stoichiometry-debugging-exercise-175-4346f70208f5", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.stoichiometry", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student conserves mass by counting moles of molecules equal on both sides of 2H2+O2->2H2O (3 vs 2). What should be conserved?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "4 H atoms and 2 O atoms on both sides.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.waves", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.waves"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-waves-applied-exercise-176-3ea50bd6c0e5", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.waves", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Period 0.2 s. Frequency in Hz?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "f=1/T=5 Hz.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.0, "got": 5.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "49/9", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.waves", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.waves"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-waves-debugging-exercise-177-6b9c01a10ade", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.waves", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.875, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.5250000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student adds two amplitudes 3 and 4 and reports intensity scaled by 7. For coherent in-phase waves, intensity scales with amplitude squared. If amplitude becomes 7, intensity scales by what factor vs amplitude 3?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "I ~ A^2 so (7/3)^2=49/9.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.444444444, "got": 5.444444444}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.444444444", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "6", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.thermo", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.thermo"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-thermo-debugging-exercise-178-6ca3758fde5a", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.thermo", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Heat and temperature are used interchangeably. Give one sentence distinguishing them, then compute Q=mcΔT for m=2, c=1, ΔT=3 (arbitrary units).", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Temperature is a state; heat is energy transferred. Q=2*1*3=6.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "20", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.optics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.optics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-optics-applied-exercise-179-1c0ede59eb8f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.optics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 1.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.6500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Thin lens: f=10 cm, object at 20 cm. Image distance v from 1/f=1/v+1/u with u=20. What is v in cm?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1/10=1/v+1/20 => 1/v=1/20 => v=20.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 20.0, "got": 20.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "20.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "negative", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.optics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.optics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-optics-debugging-exercise-180-65db4e4b2d1c", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.optics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 1.0, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A student treats a diverging lens like a converging one with positive f in the same sign convention without flipping f. What sign should f have for a diverging lens in the common Cartesian convention used in many intro courses?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Diverging lenses have negative focal length in that convention.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "1/4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.genetics", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "topic": "science.genetics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cov-science-genetics-applied-exercise-181-556ea4ae7b64", "metadata": {"concept_id": "science.genetics", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9250000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "AaBb x aabb independent assortment. What fraction of offspring are aabb?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Each locus is a testcross 1/2 recessive; 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/4.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.25, "got": 0.25}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.25", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "[0, 4]", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.comprehensions"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-comprehensions-simple-exercise-182-3cd543459320", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What list does `[n*n for n in range(4) if n%2==0]` produce?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "n=0 and n=2.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Comprehensions hide side effects; a for-loop makes the I/O obvious and easier to handle errors.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.comprehensions"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-comprehensions-applied-exercise-183-0c97188fa897", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is a list comprehension a bad place to call a function that writes to disk for each item?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use comprehensions for pure mapping/filtering.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It becomes the wrapper's name, not the original function's.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.decorators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.decorators"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-decorators-simple-exercise-184-f46329d13d8d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.decorators", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Without functools.wraps, what happens to `fn.__name__` after `@decorator`?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "wraps copies metadata. Debugging and docs break otherwise.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "yes", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.context_managers", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.context_managers"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-context-managers-simple-exercise-185-e1908ad0ae0b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.context_managers", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does `__exit__` run if the with-block raises? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "That is why files still close on error.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.typing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.typing"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-typing-simple-exercise-186-838bd9de709b", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.typing", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "At runtime, does `def f(x: int)` reject f('a') by itself in stock CPython?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Annotations are not checked at runtime unless a library does so.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The default encoding is locale-dependent and can mis-decode bytes.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "python.file_io"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-python-file-io-simple-exercise-187-4a076aed2c4d", "metadata": {"concept_id": "python.file_io", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why pass encoding='utf-8' to open() on Windows for a UTF-8 file?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Be explicit for portable text I/O.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "BFS; first time you reach the node is a minimum hop count.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.graphs"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-graphs-simple-exercise-188-cd59a17f2886", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.graphs", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.225}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "BFS vs DFS for shortest hops on an unweighted graph: which, and why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "DFS can find a long path first.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Adjacency lists; matrix is Theta(n^2) entries.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.graphs"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-graphs-applied-exercise-189-8f51f84db785", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.graphs", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.75, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.075}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Adjacency matrix vs list for a sparse graph with n=10^5, m=10^5: which stores fewer edge slots, roughly?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Lists are Theta(n+m).", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Sort by the secondary key first, then stable-sort by the primary key.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sorting", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.sorting"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-sorting-applied-exercise-190-a53ad7112600", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.sorting", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When do you need a stable sort for a two-key sort (sort by last name, then keep first-name order)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Unstable primary sort can scramble equal last names.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Optimal substructure and overlapping subproblems.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.dynamic_programming"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-dynamic-programming-simple-exercise-191-c5a337a0ee1e", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What two properties make a problem a DP candidate?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Without overlap, divide-and-conquer suffices. Without optimal substructure, greed/DP recurrences fail.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "lost update / race", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.concurrency"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-concurrency-simple-exercise-192-602fb6ed3c37", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.concurrency", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.875}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Name the bug when two threads do `x = x + 1` on a shared int without a lock.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Read-modify-write is not atomic. Use a lock or an atomic counter.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "the syscall / trap into the kernel", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "python", "topic": "cs.os"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-cs-os-simple-exercise-193-0e7bf3b2e0cd", "metadata": {"concept_id": "cs.os", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 3.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 5.5}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "User code calls read(). Who switches to kernel mode, the compiler or the syscall?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The compiler emits a syscall; the processor exception/syscall instruction enters the kernel.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "it depends", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "sql.indexes"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-sql-indexes-simple-exercise-194-417a51a97a83", "metadata": {"concept_id": "sql.indexes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.8, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.2}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A unique index on email: can two rows have NULL email in SQL systems that treat NULL as distinct in unique indexes? Answer: it depends / yes-in-some / never. Pick 'it depends'.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "SQL unique constraints historically allow multiple NULLs; engines differ. Do not assume.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A composite B-tree is ordered by the leftmost prefix first.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of a named course."], "context": {"coverage": true, "curriculum": true, "language": "sql", "topic": "sql.indexes"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["open-reason-curriculum"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cov-sql-indexes-applied-exercise-195-a42dff905e3f", "metadata": {"concept_id": "sql.indexes", "coverage": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can an index on (last, first) serve `WHERE last=?` but not `WHERE first=?` well?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.coverage_tasks", "source_id": null, "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "coverage_task_generation", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original coverage task; not copied"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Leading-column predicates can range-scan. Isolated right columns cannot.", "strategy": ["Identify the concept", "Apply it", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["coverage_analysis", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It binds a second name to the same object. Mutations through either name are visible to both.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.variables", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-0-538a61690540", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Name the object", "Describe aliasing", "Contrast with an explicit copy"], "prompt": "In Python, why is `b = a` for a list not the same as copying the list?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Assignment copies the reference, not a deep snapshot. Use a slice or copy() when a new list is required.", "strategy": ["Name the object", "Describe aliasing", "Contrast with an explicit copy"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-1-ab5dc0c4e738", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How many times does `for i in range(5):` run the body?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "range(5) yields 0,1,2,3,4 — five values.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 5.0, "got": 5.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "5.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "A single equals is assignment and is a SyntaxError in that position. Use `if score == 100:`.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-2-87f611ddbd31", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A learner writes `if score = 100:` expecting a perfect-score branch. What is wrong, and what should they write?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Comparison uses ==. Assignment is a statement, not a boolean test there.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A set is unordered (historically). dict keys keep insertion order in modern CPython and are unique.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-3-54e186f4f941", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.75, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7750000000000004}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You need unique words from a sentence while keeping first-seen order. Why is a set alone not enough in older Python mental models, and what does a dict do here?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "dict.fromkeys(words) then list the keys. Do not sort unless the prompt asks for sorted unique words.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-4-1d2e33805cf5", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "How many numbers does `list(range(1, 8, 2))` contain?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1,3,5,7.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "6", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "language": "python", "topic": "programming"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["khan_academy_computing"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-khan-academy-computing-5-824a470699db", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "inspired_by": "khan_academy_computing", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A tracing exercise: def add(a,b): return a+b. What is add(add(1,2), 3)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "khan_academy_computing", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Inner add is 3, then 3+3=6.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 6.0, "got": 6.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "6.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Merge sort divides in half each time (log n levels) and merges in linear time per level. Insertion sort may move each new key past all previous keys.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.algorithms", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "language": "python", "topic": "algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mit_opencourseware"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mit-opencourseware-0-0f11cc3fa460", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.85}, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is merge sort O(n log n) comparisons in the worst case while naive insertion sort is O(n^2)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mit_opencourseware", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Recurrence T(n)=2T(n/2)+Theta(n) solves to Theta(n log n). Insertion sort's nested scans are Theta(n^2) in the worst case.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Theta(n log n)", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.complexity", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "language": "python", "topic": "algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mit_opencourseware"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mit-opencourseware-1-06abe0c7701d", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A loop runs n times; each iteration does a binary search on a sorted array of n items. What is Theta of the comparisons?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mit_opencourseware", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "n iterations times Theta(log n) per binary search.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Every edge has the same cost, so hop-count BFS already finds a shortest path. Dijkstra adds priority-queue overhead without changing the answer.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.graphs", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "language": "python", "topic": "algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mit_opencourseware"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mit-opencourseware-2-528bc45f2138", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You have an unweighted maze on a grid. Why is BFS a better first choice than Dijkstra?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mit_opencourseware", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Dijkstra generalizes BFS to nonnegative weights. Uniform weights make the extra machinery unnecessary.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sorting", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "language": "python", "topic": "algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mit_opencourseware"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mit-opencourseware-3-2ed8f98545ba", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Mergesort split of n=8: how many elements in each half after one even split?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mit_opencourseware", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Even n splits into n/2 and n/2.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "A node may be processed before its predecessors, so subproblems are incomplete.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.dynamic_programming", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "language": "python", "topic": "algorithms"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "undergraduate", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mit_opencourseware"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mit-opencourseware-4-767c27931d09", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.475, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "inspired_by": "mit_opencourseware", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A DP table for shortest paths is filled in random node order on a DAG. What can go wrong?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mit_opencourseware", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Process in topological order (or relax like Bellman-Ford).", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The local array's storage ends when the function returns, so the pointer is dangling.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["harvard_cs50"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-harvard-cs50-0-2140c7509077", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can a C function returning a pointer to a local array be incorrect even if it compiles?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "harvard_cs50", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Automatic storage is reclaimed at return. Callers need heap allocation, a caller-owned buffer, or a static object with documented lifetime.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Buffer overflow / missing terminator. strlen+1 bytes are required for a C string.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["harvard_cs50"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-harvard-cs50-1-708fad174e68", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.625, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A C program mallocs a buffer, copies a string without room for the NUL, then prints it. Name the defect class and the missing byte.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "harvard_cs50", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C strings are NUL-terminated. strncpy without an explicit terminator is a common miss.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "fopen returns NULL on failure (missing file, permissions). Using the pointer is undefined.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["harvard_cs50"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-harvard-cs50-2-b1a16989fdb8", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why must you check fopen's return before fread, even if the path 'looks right'?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "harvard_cs50", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "I/O can fail. Always branch on NULL and inspect errno or perror.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The process may never exit; the leak grows with requests.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["harvard_cs50"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-harvard-cs50-3-cdada21efa57", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.6, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.75}, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is forgetting to free a heap buffer in a long-running C server a problem even if the OS will reclaim memory at exit?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "harvard_cs50", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Match malloc/free on the request path. Exit reclamation does not help a daemon.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No; POSIX text files may omit the final newline. Handle both.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["harvard_cs50"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-harvard-cs50-4-5f508b4a99da", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "harvard_cs50", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A C program reads a file with `while(fgets)` and treats a missing newline on the last line as a bug. Is it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "harvard_cs50", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Do not require a newline to accept the last record.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "openstax", "topic": "mathematics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["openstax"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["sympy"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cur-openstax-0-216a7597aaac", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "inspired_by": "openstax", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Solve 3x - 6 = 9.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "openstax", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "sympy", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "3x = 15, so x = 5.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": "5", "got": "5"}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "sympy", "passed": true, "result": "5", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "28", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "openstax", "topic": "mathematics"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["openstax"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cur-openstax-1-b7753ef9b1df", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "inspired_by": "openstax", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A linear cost is C(n)=4n+12. What is the cost of 7 extra items relative to 0 items?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "openstax", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "C(7)-C(0)=40-12=28. The intercept cancels; only the slope times 7 remains.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 28.0, "got": 28.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "28.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "15", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.sequences", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "openstax", "topic": "mathematics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["openstax"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cur-openstax-2-9ac33643dbcf", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "inspired_by": "openstax", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "The first three triangular numbers are 1, 3, 6. What is the 5th?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "openstax", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "T_n = n(n+1)/2. T_5=15.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 15.0, "got": 15.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "15.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "4", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.algebra", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "openstax", "topic": "mathematics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["openstax"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cur-openstax-3-398de19ff294", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.125, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.0250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "openstax", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Solve 5x = 20. x=?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "openstax", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Divide both sides by 5.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 4.0, "got": 4.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "4.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "81", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "math.geometry", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "openstax", "topic": "mathematics"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "mathematics", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["openstax"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-mathematics-cur-openstax-4-f3773bbcab3b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.125}, "inspired_by": "openstax", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A square has perimeter 36. What is the area?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "openstax", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Side 9, area 81.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 81.0, "got": 81.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "81.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "A historical language quirk. Test with `value === null`.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mdn", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mdn"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mdn-0-1025f0e18977", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "inspired_by": "mdn", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `typeof null === 'object'` in JavaScript, and what should you use instead to test for null?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mdn", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Early JavaScript used a type tag that made null look like an object. Strict equality against null is the reliable check.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "fetch only rejects on network failure. HTTP 404 is a fulfilled Promise with ok=false. Check r.ok or r.status.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mdn", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mdn"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mdn-1-29370f6214eb", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "mdn", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does `fetch(url).then(r => r.json()).then(data => data)` still need error handling for HTTP 404?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mdn", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Treat non-2xx as an application error. catch() does not see them unless you throw.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "var is function-scoped, so every handler shares one i. Use let, or pass i into a factory.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mdn", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mdn"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mdn-2-659cf299a1f5", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.65, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "mdn", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "An event handler is added inside a loop with `var i` and later logs i. Why is it the last i, and what binding fixes it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mdn", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "let creates a per-iteration binding. Closures capture bindings, not snapshots of numbers.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "fetch only rejects on network failure; HTTP 404 is still a resolved Response.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.promises", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mdn", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mdn"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mdn-3-b1ea5c85f5b6", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "inspired_by": "mdn", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "fetch().then(r => r.json()).then(use) with no catch: a 404 still hits use() with a body. Why?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mdn", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Check r.ok before json().", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "GET", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "mdn", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["mdn"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-mdn-4-27f27dc495ce", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.225, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "inspired_by": "mdn", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Which method is defined as safe: GET or POST?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "mdn", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "GET should not have side effects. POST is for non-idempotent writes.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Revert records a new commit that undoes a change. Reset moves the branch pointer and can rewrite history others already pulled.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["the_odin_project"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-the-odin-project-0-10a2cf9aaddf", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `git revert` do that `git reset --hard` does not, and when is revert safer on a shared branch?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "the_odin_project", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "On shared branches, prefer revert so collaborators keep a linear, fetchable history.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The secret remains in git history and clones. Rotate the credential; history rewrite only helps unpushed or coordinated force-push, which still leaks if others fetched.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["the_odin_project"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-the-odin-project-1-3df712d3b962", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.625, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You committed a secret to main and pushed. Why is deleting the file in a new commit not enough, and what must you still do?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "the_odin_project", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Treat leaked secrets as compromised. git rm does not unsay old blobs.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "JavaScript on the page can read a non-HttpOnly cookie, so XSS can steal the session. HttpOnly hides it from document.cookie.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["the_odin_project"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-the-odin-project-2-243cc149202f", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is storing a session identifier in a non-HttpOnly cookie riskier than an HttpOnly cookie?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "the_odin_project", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "HttpOnly is not a complete XSS defense, but it removes one theft path. Still validate and encode output.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "count is in the lexical environment, not a property of the returned object.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "javascript.closures", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["the_odin_project"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-the-odin-project-3-56edf93426aa", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A module pattern returns {inc} that closes over count. Why can callers not assign count directly?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "the_odin_project", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Only the exported functions see count. That is encapsulation via closure.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Query strings land in logs, history, and Referer; POST body is not in the URL.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "language": "javascript", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "introductory_college", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["the_odin_project"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-the-odin-project-4-a8c36a80ecc1", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "inspired_by": "the_odin_project", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A form uses GET and puts a password in the query string. Name one reason POST to HTTPS is preferred.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "the_odin_project", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Still use TLS. GET is also cached and bookmarked.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "An iterable can produce an iterator via iter(). An iterator is the object that yields values via next() and is spent as you consume it.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-0-e12f3d9866c9", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.275, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between a Python iterable and an iterator?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Lists are iterable but not themselves iterators. iter(xs) returns an iterator. for-loops call iter() for you.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Bare except catches BaseException subclasses used for control flow. Catch ValueError for int().", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.exceptions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-1-143111532e38", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `except:` hide a KeyboardInterrupt, and what should you catch instead when parsing integers?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use except ValueError. Let KeyboardInterrupt and SystemExit propagate.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It uses __all__ if present, else public names. It pollutes the importer's namespace and hides origins.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.modules", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-2-9a980d90d7ec", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `from package import *` use to decide names, and why is it risky in libraries?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Prefer explicit imports in library code. Star imports are a convenience for interactive sessions.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "{'a': 2}", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.comprehensions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-3-96581b52ce87", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6500000000000004}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does `{k: v for k, v in [('a', 1), ('a', 2)]}` evaluate to, and why is there one key?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Dict displays last-write-wins for duplicate keys. The second pair overwrites.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "If read raises, close is skipped. with always runs __exit__.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.context_managers", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-4-e218cb9fd43c", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `f = open(path); data = f.read(); f.close()` weaker than a with-block when read() can raise?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "try/finally is the manual equivalent. with is the standard spelling.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "`list` says it is a list. `list[int]` additionally says checkers should expect integer elements.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.typing", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-5-78068f7e4ead", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is the difference between `list` and `list[int]` in a function annotation?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "CPython does not enforce the parameter. Type checkers do.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "0", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-6-9b10397b0d1b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.2, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "dict.fromkeys(['a','b'], 0) maps both keys to what value?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "fromkeys uses a shared default value.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.0, "got": 0.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "It returns [] because there are no rows to zip; *[] is no arguments to zip.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "language": "python", "topic": "python"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["python_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-python-docs-7-fec60537ea36", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5}, "inspired_by": "python_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "`list(zip(*[]))` — what happens, and why is unzipping an empty list a corner case?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "python_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "zip() with no iterables yields empty. Guard empty matrices before unzip.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "To prevent data races and iterator invalidation at compile time: readers may share, a writer must be exclusive.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "language": "rust", "topic": "rust"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["rust_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-rust-docs-0-88cd39dffb69", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In Rust, why can you have many immutable references or one mutable reference, but not both at once for the same value?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "rust_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The borrow checker encodes this aliasing rule. Mixing &T and &mut T to the same place is rejected.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Clone when you truly need two owned values. It is a smell if a borrow or restructuring would have been enough.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "language": "rust", "topic": "rust"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["rust_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-rust-docs-1-6fc4f857c02c", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "When would you clone a String to satisfy the borrow checker, and when is that a design smell?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "rust_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Clones allocate. Prefer &str, lifetimes, or moving once.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "push needs &mut self. An outstanding &T borrow forbids &mut T. End the immutable borrow first, or don't hold it across the mutation.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "language": "rust", "topic": "rust"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["rust_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-rust-docs-2-4b04df475ee6", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.625, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You hold an immutable borrow of a Vec and try to push. Why does that fail, and what API change would make the intent legal?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "rust_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "NLL still cannot allow aliased mutation. Split the scopes.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "yes", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "language": "rust", "topic": "rust"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["rust_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-rust-docs-3-a8b0464431be", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.0500000000000003}, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Is i32 Copy? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "rust_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Integer types implement Copy, so assignment does not move them.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No; Vec assignment moves. Clone is explicit.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "rust.ownership", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "language": "rust", "topic": "rust"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["rust_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-rust-docs-4-eb74fb94a54f", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.8, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.825}, "inspired_by": "rust_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why does Vec<String> move on assignment while Vec<i32> copies the vector header but still moves heap buffers... actually Vec is not Copy. Correct the misconception: does assigning a Vec clone the elements?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "rust_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Neither Vec<T> is Copy. Move transfers the pointer. clone() deep-copies.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Close signals no more sends. Further sends are programmer errors. Receives drain remaining values then zeros so range loops terminate.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "language": "go", "topic": "go"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["go_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-go-docs-0-9bcca9c903e0", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is sending on a closed Go channel a panic, while receiving from a closed channel yields the zero value?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "go_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use close only from the sender. Check the two-value receive form to distinguish a zero value from a closed channel.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Close is a signal from senders that no more values will be sent. Receivers closing can panic senders still sending.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "language": "go", "topic": "go"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["go_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-go-docs-1-8d07fb4a5a74", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why should you not close a channel from the receiver side in a typical worker pool?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "go_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Sender closes; receivers range until close. Coordinate shutdown with WaitGroup and a done channel if needed.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Deadlock: the same goroutine waits for a lock it already holds. Do not call user callbacks while holding the lock, or use a documented reentrant design (not standard mutex).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "language": "go", "topic": "go"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["go_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-go-docs-2-a12d47d74fcb", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 3.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.7, "tests": 0.0, "total": 5.725}, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A function locks a mutex, then calls a callback that tries to lock the same mutex. What happens with a non-reentrant mutex, and how do you avoid it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "go_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Keep critical sections small. Copy data, unlock, then callback.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "language": "go", "topic": "go"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["go_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-go-docs-3-d8868dc7332a", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does `go f()` wait for f to finish before the next statement? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "go_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "It starts a goroutine. Wait with channels or WaitGroup.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Concurrent map writes are undefined / can panic.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "go.concurrency", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "language": "go", "topic": "go"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["go_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-go-docs-4-e45572812cc9", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "go_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A map is written from two goroutines without sync. What is the specified risk?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "go_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use a mutex or sync.Map as documented. Do not race on maps.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Placeholders disappear and are not a reliable accessible name. Labels persist for assistive technology and visual users.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "language": "html", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["w3c_whatwg"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-w3c-whatwg-0-36a9804114db", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why should a form control that is required also have an accessible name, not only a placeholder?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "w3c_whatwg", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Associate a label via for/id or wrapping. Required is independent of naming.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A div is not a form-associated submit control, is not keyboard-activated by default, and lacks button semantics for assistive tech.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "language": "html", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["w3c_whatwg"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-w3c-whatwg-1-2e331faf05fe", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is `div` with a click handler a poor substitute for a `button` that submits a form?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "w3c_whatwg", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use button type=submit. If you must use another element, you must reconstruct keyboard, role, and form behavior.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The label can point at that control, so clicking the label focuses/activates it and assistive tech can name it.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "language": "html", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["w3c_whatwg"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-w3c-whatwg-2-00d14036d6d7", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does a unique `id` on a page enable for a label's `for` attribute?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "w3c_whatwg", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Duplicate ids break the association. One id per document.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "yes", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "language": "html", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["w3c_whatwg"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-w3c-whatwg-3-5bb339a3294b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In HTML, is `<img>` a void element that must not have a closing tag in HTML syntax? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "w3c_whatwg", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Void elements have no content. XML/XHTML differs; this item is HTML.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The HTML is delivered to the client; anyone can read the source.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.http", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "language": "html", "topic": "web"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["w3c_whatwg"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-w3c-whatwg-4-49e506119a70", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "inspired_by": "w3c_whatwg", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is putting a secret in a data-* attribute on a public page still a leak?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "w3c_whatwg", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Secrets belong on the server, not in markup.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It becomes an alias for the rowid, so lookups and inserts use the table's implicit row identity.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["sqlite_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-sqlite-docs-0-336cba9f01df", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In SQLite, why is `INTEGER PRIMARY KEY` special compared with a non-integer primary key?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "sqlite_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "WITHOUT ROWID tables are the exception. Otherwise INTEGER PRIMARY KEY is the rowid.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "sql_generation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The OR means rows matching only y still qualify, so an index on x cannot find them. Often you need a second index or a UNION of two index lookups.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["sqlite_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-sqlite-docs-1-5bb282a3948b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.625, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `SELECT * FROM t WHERE x = 1 OR y = 2` be hard to index well with a single B-tree on (x)?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "sqlite_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "OR across different columns fights a single-column index. AND of indexed prefixes is easier.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["sqlite_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-coding-cur-sqlite-docs-2-13caa9c5553f", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.8000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In SQLite, what does COUNT(*) return on a table with 3 rows including one all-NULL row?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "sqlite_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "COUNT(*) counts rows, not non-NULL values. COUNT(column) would skip NULLs in that column.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 3.0, "got": 3.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "3.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "real", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["sqlite_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-sqlite-docs-3-a4dfe28a5e42", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.15, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.1750000000000003}, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "SQLite: SELECT typeof(1.5); what type name?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "sqlite_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Floating values are REAL affinity/storage.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A leading wildcard prevents a left-to-right index prefix match.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["sqlite_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-sqlite-docs-4-1a28efeb0eb1", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "inspired_by": "sqlite_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why might `WHERE name LIKE '%son'` not use a normal B-tree index on name?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "sqlite_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "LIKE 'son%' can use the index; '%son' generally cannot.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "It holds a snapshot so statements in the same transaction see a stable view and avoid non-repeatable reads of committed updates.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["postgresql_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-postgresql-docs-0-965bd2827e88", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does REPEATABLE READ prevent in PostgreSQL that READ COMMITTED does not?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "postgresql_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "READ COMMITTED takes a new snapshot per statement. Repeatable read keeps one snapshot until commit or rollback. Write conflicts can still abort the transaction.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "sql_generation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Random I/O into most of the heap can be slower than one sequential read. Selectivity is too low for the index to win.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["postgresql_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-postgresql-docs-1-29077b4f3929", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why might a sequential scan beat an index on a query that matches 90% of a table?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "postgresql_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Indexes help selective predicates. The planner compares costs; high match rate favors seq scan.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The index contains all columns the query needs, so PostgreSQL can avoid heap fetches when visibility allows.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "sql.indexes", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["postgresql_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-postgresql-docs-2-c330211941c5", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What is a covering index in PostgreSQL terms (Index Only Scan), and what extra data makes it possible?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "postgresql_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "INCLUDE columns or a matching btree of selected columns. VACUUM/visibility maps still matter.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "unknown", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["postgresql_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-postgresql-docs-3-b7fe0b9a4fa0", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "NULL AND TRUE in SQL three-valued logic is what: true, false, or unknown?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "postgresql_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "AND with unknown and true is unknown.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "NULL = NULL is unknown, not true. Use IS NULL.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.sql", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "language": "sql", "topic": "sql"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["postgresql_docs"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-postgresql-docs-4-19ce56b50875", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5500000000000003}, "inspired_by": "postgresql_docs", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A unique constraint allows two NULLs in some SQL systems. Why is `WHERE email = NULL` still wrong to find them?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "postgresql_docs", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Three-valued logic. Equality is not a null test.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "write can transfer fewer bytes than requested. The caller must loop on the remainder or treat a short write as an error.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.functions", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["linux_man_pages"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-linux-man-pages-0-37affea83a1f", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.35}, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why must a program check the return value of `write()` instead of assuming the full buffer was written?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "linux_man_pages", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Signals, pipes, and device limits can produce short writes. POSIX does not guarantee a full transfer in one call.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The allocator may not find a large enough contiguous region (or hit limits). Check for NULL before writing.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["linux_man_pages"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-linux-man-pages-1-9b1b8a015379", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `malloc` returning NULL be more likely after a huge allocation than a 16-byte one, and what must the caller do?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "linux_man_pages", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "OOM is a normal failure. Dereferencing NULL is not.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "gets cannot bound the write. Any longer line overruns the buffer. Use fgets or similar with a size.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.file_io", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["linux_man_pages"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-linux-man-pages-2-6c68d56dcdf6", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4250000000000003}, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A program uses `gets` to read a line. Why is that always a defect even if the input 'is usually short'?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "linux_man_pages", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Unbounded C string APIs are unsafe. Size belongs in the API.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "debugging_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["linux_man_pages"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-linux-man-pages-3-5e3212ed912e", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.375}, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Does a successful write() guarantee the data is on durable storage? Yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "linux_man_pages", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "It may sit in page cache until fsync/fdatasync or equivalent.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "printf may itself fail or succeed and change errno.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "cs.os", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "language": "c", "topic": "systems"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "coding", "education_level": "professional", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["linux_man_pages"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-coding-cur-linux-man-pages-4-69799c8385f4", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.3000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "linux_man_pages", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can `errno` after a failed libc call be overwritten if you printf before checking it?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "linux_man_pages", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Save errno immediately, then log.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "topic": "astronomy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["nasa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-nasa-education-0-d3ccff057684", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.45, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.85}, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A spacecraft of mass 800 kg feels 1600 N of net thrust. What is the acceleration in m/s^2?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "nasa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "a = F/m = 1600/800 = 2.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "numerical", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "50", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "topic": "astronomy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["nasa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-nasa-education-1-d58c309a97fa", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9000000000000004}, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A 4 kg probe moves at 5 m/s. What is its kinetic energy in joules?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "nasa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "KE=1/2 m v^2 = 0.5*4*25=50.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 50.0, "got": 50.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "50.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "No net force means constant velocity. Thrust was needed to change speed, not to keep moving.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "topic": "astronomy"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["nasa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cur-nasa-education-2-edee65b431a4", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "In deep space with negligible gravity, why does a spacecraft keep moving after the engine cuts off?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "nasa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Newton's first law. Drag is what makes Earth intuition different.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "11314", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.newton", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "topic": "astronomy"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["nasa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-nasa-education-3-ef8055a97e6b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.575}, "inspired_by": "nasa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Using v=sqrt(2gR) with g=10 m/s2 and R=6.4e6 m, what is v rounded to the nearest integer m/s?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "nasa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "2gR=1.28e8; sqrt(1.28e8)≈11313.71, which rounds to 11314.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 11314.0, "got": 11314.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "11314.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "A normal is a long-run statistical baseline. A forecast is a short-range prediction of a specific state.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["noaa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cur-noaa-education-0-c4cbc6896f34", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is a 30-year climate normal not the same thing as tomorrow's weather forecast?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "noaa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Climate describes distributions over decades. Weather is the atmosphere's state at a time and place.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The mean would silently omit the storm surge days. Missingness is information, not a reason to pretend the series is complete.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["noaa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cur-noaa-education-1-454d310b199b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.5, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.5250000000000004}, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A coastal sensor fails for three days during a storm. Why must a monthly mean sea-level plot disclose that gap?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "noaa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Document coverage. Imputation is a separate, declared step.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "2", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.waves", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["noaa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-noaa-education-2-d7f452bd659e", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.7}, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A water wave has period 4 s and wavelength 8 m. What is the speed in m/s?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "noaa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "v=λ/T=8/4=2.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 2.0, "got": 2.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "2.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "0.3", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["noaa_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-noaa-education-3-c75ce3a0b359", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.4000000000000004}, "inspired_by": "noaa_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A tide gauge reads 1.2 m, then 1.5 m. What is the delta in metres?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "noaa_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "1.5-1.2=0.3.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 0.3, "got": 0.3}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "0.3", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Magnitude estimates energy at the source. Intensity describes local shaking, which depends on distance, depth, and ground conditions.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["usgs_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cur-usgs-education-0-af3154354332", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.2750000000000004}, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why can the magnitude of an earthquake and the intensity felt at a city differ?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "usgs_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "The same magnitude event can be barely felt far away and damaging on soft sediment nearby.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Different distance/azimuth from the rupture, and different site geology (amplification on sediments vs rock).", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["usgs_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-science-cur-usgs-education-1-e938905896f2", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.625}, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Two seismometers record the same quake with different peak accelerations. Give two non-instrument-failure reasons.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "usgs_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Intensity is local. Magnitude is a source estimate.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "100", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.energy", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["usgs_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-usgs-education-2-c80e09a2ecf1", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.5, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.9250000000000003}, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A 2 kg rock falls 5 m. Taking g=10 m/s^2 and PE=mgh, what is the loss of gravitational PE in joules?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "usgs_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "mgh=2*10*5=100 J.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 100.0, "got": 100.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "100.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "48000", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "topic": "earth_science"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "science", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["usgs_education"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": ["numeric"]}, "id": "or-science-cur-usgs-education-3-5ae68a6fa28e", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.45}, "inspired_by": "usgs_education", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A map scale is 1:24000. 2 inches on the map is how many inches on the ground?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "usgs_education", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.707, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.5, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "numeric", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "2*24000=48000 inches.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "simple_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {"expected": 48000.0, "got": 48000.0}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "numeric", "passed": true, "result": "48000.0", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "5", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-0-off-by-one-range-57527f732489", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.375, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.175}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=off-by-one range", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "You need inclusive integers from 3 through 7. In Python, what is list(range(3, 8)) length?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "range(start, stop) excludes stop; 3,4,5,6,7 → 5 values.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "5", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-1-timezone-naive-d08029591896", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.4749999999999996}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=timezone naive", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "Two naive datetime values differ by 3600 seconds locally. Does that prove they are one UTC hour apart? Answer yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Naive datetimes have no zone; DST and offset make local deltas unreliable as UTC.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-2-json-vs-eval-969d9064d92e", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.15}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=json vs eval", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "Should untrusted text be turned into a Python object with eval? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "eval executes code. Use json.loads for JSON payloads.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-3-floating-money-d466e0df1086", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.25, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.325, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.375}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=floating money", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "Is binary float a safe ledger type for USD cents? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Use integer cents or decimal. Decimal/float rounding is not cash-safe.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.collections", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-4-hash-mutate-43f2bd811f67", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.3499999999999996}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=hash mutate", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "A dict key is a list. After insertion you mutate the list. Is lookup by the new list guaranteed? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Mutable keys are invalid; lists are unhashable. If a custom mutable key were used, mutation would break the table.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "cs.recursion", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-5-gil-threads-fbf2f441f76c", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.65, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.4499999999999997}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=gil threads", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "Two Python threads each run a tight CPU loop of bytecode. Will they typically use two cores at full speed under CPython's GIL? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "CPython's GIL usually serializes bytecode execution on one core.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "python.iterators", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-6-sql-null-e977ca1865c3", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.3, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.0999999999999996}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=sql null", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "In SQL, does `NULL = NULL` evaluate to TRUE? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "NULL comparisons yield UNKNOWN; use IS NULL.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "no", "assumptions": ["CPython / common SQL / git unless stated"], "concept_id": "cs.git", "constraints": ["Original wording", "Not a copied post"], "context": {"reasoning_style": "structured_summary"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "reasoning", "education_level": null, "evidence": null, "id": "or-reasoning-reason-so-r-7-git-detached-6ebd76469fe0", "metadata": {"concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 1.4, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.125, "observations": 0.6, "plan": 0.8, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.3499999999999996}, "inspired_by": "stackoverflow", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": ["inspired_by=stackoverflow topic=git detached", "verbatim=false"], "plan": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "prompt": "You checkout a raw commit SHA. Are new commits still on a named branch? yes or no.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": true, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": null, "generator": "open_reason.generation.stackoverflow_seeds", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "stackoverflow", "source_id": "stackoverflow", "source_type": "community", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_rewrite_inspired_by_stackoverflow; verbatim=false", "trust_tier": "tier4_community", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.561, "notes": [], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.35, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.0, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.55, "verification_score": 1.0}, "tier": "S", "verification_method": "constraint-check", "verified": true}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Detached HEAD: commits are not on a branch until you create/move one.", "strategy": ["Identify the common pitfall", "Answer the yes/no or count"], "task_type": "troubleshooting", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["task_generation", "difficulty_assignment", "verification", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": {"command": null, "compiler_version": null, "details": {}, "exit_code": null, "memory_mb": null, "method": "constraint-check", "passed": true, "result": "no", "runtime_s": null, "runtime_version": null, "stderr": null, "stdout": null, "tests_failed": null, "tests_passed": null}}
{"answer": "Publicly posted is not the same as redistributable. Each resource can carry a different license, including NC or SA terms.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["oer_commons"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-oer-commons-0-d9326382bb6a", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.425, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.325}, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Give one reason an open educational resource still needs its license checked before it enters a dataset.", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "oer_commons", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Store the exact license, attribution, and permitted use. Do not assume a catalog site's presence is a grant.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "teaching", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "No. Informal permission is not a clear redistribution license. Leave it out or obtain an explicit license.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["oer_commons"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-oer-commons-1-52640140b25f", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.575, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.475}, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "A worksheet is labeled 'free to use in class' with no SPDX. Can Open Reason copy it into a CC BY 4.0 dataset?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "oer_commons", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Public posting is not CC BY. Ambiguous licenses stay out of the release.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "BY means you must credit the licensor in the manner they request, commercially or not.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["oer_commons"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-oer-commons-2-c97b93b516fc", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is attribution still required for CC BY even when commercial use is allowed?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "oer_commons", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Commercial rights and attribution are separate license axes.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Copyright still covers the wording; inspiration is original tasks with attribution of influence, not quotation.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "science.method", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "introductory", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["oer_commons"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-oer-commons-3-23748404cb4e", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.0, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.35, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.25}, "inspired_by": "oer_commons", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "Why is 'inspired by a public syllabus' not a license to copy homework text?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "oer_commons", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Open Reason writes original prompts and sets verbatim false.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "Share-alike requires derivatives to use a compatible SA license. Relicensing as non-SA CC BY would break the grant.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["wikibooks"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-wikibooks-0-52e94713f62d", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.875, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.525, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.3000000000000003}, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "If a textbook is CC BY-SA, why must derived dataset rows keep share-alike instead of being relicensed as CC BY 4.0?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "wikibooks", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Keep the original SPDX on those rows or exclude them from a CC BY-only release.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "teaching", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A close adaptation can still be a derivative. SA follows derivatives. If unsure, do not include it in a non-SA corpus.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["wikibooks"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-wikibooks-1-cf4387aa13de", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.625, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.55, "tests": 0.0, "total": 3.075}, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "You rewrite a CC BY-SA paragraph in your own words but keep the same examples and structure. Why might share-alike still attach?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "wikibooks", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Paraphrase is not a clean room. Original tasks with independent examples avoid the issue.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "The combination must be released under a license the originals permit for derivatives, usually the same SA family.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.loops", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "intermediate", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["wikibooks"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-wikibooks-2-2cf17da87a3b", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 3.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.25, "tests": 0.0, "total": 5.525}, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "What does 'compatible share-alike' mean when combining two SA works?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "wikibooks", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "You cannot wash SA off by mixing with CC BY-only text in one redistributed unit.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "concept_explanation", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}
{"answer": "A close paraphrase can still be a derivative work under SA terms.", "assumptions": [], "concept_id": "python.conditionals", "constraints": ["Original Open Reason wording. Do not treat this as a copy of the named source."], "context": {"curriculum": true, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "topic": "education"}, "difficulty": "beginner", "domain": "human", "education_level": "high_school", "evidence": {"authoritative_sources": [], "community_evidence": null, "conflicts": [], "educational_sources": ["wikibooks"], "implementation_evidence": [], "verification_methods": []}, "id": "or-human-cur-wikibooks-3-719e5e07934a", "metadata": {"auto_approved_curriculum": true, "concept_id_inferred": true, "difficulty_score": {"constraints": 0.7, "keywords": 0.0, "math_ops": 0.375, "observations": 0.0, "plan": 1.2000000000000002, "prompt_length": 0.4, "tests": 0.0, "total": 2.6750000000000003}, "inspired_by": "wikibooks", "pipeline_version": "1.3.8", "schema_version": "1.3.8", "verbatim": false}, "natural_language": "en", "observations": [], "plan": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "prompt": "If you paraphrase a CC BY-SA chapter into a dataset row, why might share-alike still attach?", "provenance": {"commit": null, "derived": false, "derived_from": null, "generated_at": "2026-08-19T01:35:17Z", "generator": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "generator_version": "1.3.8", "license": "Apache License 2.0", "license_spdx": "Apache-2.0", "retrieved_at": null, "source": "open_reason.generation.curriculum", "source_id": "wikibooks", "source_type": "synthetic", "source_url": null, "source_version": null, "transformation": "original_curriculum_task", "trust_tier": "tier7_synthetic", "unknown_reason": null}, "quality": {"evidence_confidence": 0.382, "notes": ["original curriculum task; not copied from the source"], "score_components": {"authority_score": 0.55, "community_score": 0.0, "cross_source_score": 0.25, "provenance_score": 1.0, "recency_score": 0.7, "verification_score": 0.0}, "tier": "A", "verification_method": null, "verified": false}, "runtime": null, "solution": "Write original problems. Do not relicense SA text as CC BY 4.0.", "strategy": ["Read the prompt", "Apply the concept", "State the answer"], "task_type": "applied_exercise", "temporal": null, "transformation": ["source_policy_auto_approve", "original_task_generation", "unverified", "knowledge_normalization"], "translation_status": "original", "verification": null}