[User]
Logic for the Q&A below: Plants have specialized reproductive organs. Plant reproduction is similar to animal reproduction. Animals have specialized reproductive organs.
Q: What is something that has specialized reproductive organs?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) insects
- (C) Conifers
- (D) burrs
- (E) potatoes
- (F) rabbit
- (G) sharks
- (H) ducks
A: (A)
--
Logic for the Q&A below: Producers are organisms that produce food for themselves and other organisms. Green plants are food producers. Plants are organisms that make food for themselves and other organisms.
Q: Plants are capable of making:
Options:
- (A) Chemical energy
- (B) glucose
- (C) solar energy
- (D) fertilizer
- (E) Organic compounds
- (F) Exfoliation
- (G) their own food
- (H) nitrogen
A: (G)
--
Logic for the Q&A below: Most protists have motility. Protists Protists are single-celled organisms. Most single-celled organisms have motility.
Q: Most types of what have motility?
Options:
- (A) gastropod shells
- (B) members of their own species
- (C) single-celled organisms
- (D) Something to move
- (E) remains of prehistoric life
- (F) microbial fuel cells
- (G) microorganisms
- (H) share properties
A: (C)
--
Logic for the Q&A below: Mollusks have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood. Interestingly, a squid is also a mollusk. Squid have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood.

[Assistant]
Q: An animal which may have one or two hearts to pump blood is:
Options:
- (A) squid
- (B) goats
- (C) bats
- (D) mammals
- (E) toads
- (F) Birds
- (G) edible
- (H) a fish
A: (A)
--


[User]
Q: How do platypus lay eggs?
Options:
- (A) epidermis and dermis
- (B) on a flat plane
- (C) in a tree
- (D) fur and fat
- (E) during the day
- (F) it keeps an organism warm
- (G) in a dug out area
- (H) in the water
A: (G)
Explain how we arrive at this answer:

[Assistant] Explanation: Platypus females lay their eggs in a burrow. Burrows dug by badgers are also important in many areas. Platypus females lay eggs in a dug out area.


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Plants use cellulose for their cell walls. Another important polysaccharide is cellulose. Plants use a polysaccharide for their cell walls.*
*(H)*
The original question: *What do plants build their cell walls from?
Options:
- (A) By wind and rain
- (B) Deposition
- (C) Deposition.
- (D) algae
- (E) Chemical energy
- (F) plant wall
- (G) plant material
- (H) polysaccharides*

Logic of a solution: *All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Basically, heat is energy. All chemical reactions require heat to get started.*
*(D)*
The original question: *All chemical reactions require a form of what to get started?
Options:
- (A) oxygen
- (B) celestial measurement
- (C) gas
- (D) heat
- (E) UV
- (F) charge
- (G) Light
- (H) scientific expression*

Logic of a solution: *Viruses are so small that they can be seen only with an electron microscope. Viruses Viruses are very small, a few nanometers in size. Objects that are only a few nanometers in size can be seen only with an electron microscope.*
*(A)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*Objects that are a few nanometers in size can be seen only with:
Options:
- (A) an electron microscope
- (B) refraction of light
- (C) matter vibrating
- (D) ultrasound
- (E) The bending of a ray of light
- (F) slight magnification
- (G) flashlights
- (H) lens*


[User] Come up with a question and stream of consciousness reasoning that would justify this answer: (C)

[Assistant]
The question is: What will die without a supply of blood?
Options:
- (A) plants
- (B) organs
- (C) brain cells
- (D) athletes
- (E) humans
- (F) species
- (G) critical organs
- (H) mushrooms
Stream of consciousness: Brain cells die quickly if their oxygen supply is cut off. Here, the lungs supply the blood with oxygen. Brain cells die quickly if their blood supply is cut off.


[User] Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify this answer: (E)

[Assistant]
The question is: What do mussels eat?
Options:
- (A) bivalves
- (B) sub-units of species
- (C) Something coming from a gland
- (D) mussels
- (E) plankton and nonliving organic
- (F) Something made from fermented ricce
- (G) mollusks
- (H) Microscopic organisms
Step-by-step reasoning process: Bivalves feed on plankton and nonliving organic matter. Mussels are bivalve mollusks. Mussels eat plankton and nonliving organic matter.


[User]
What was the question for this implicit rationale, and corresponding answer?
Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. Each starfish arm is lined with tube feet. Starfish are an echinoderm with a unique water vascular system.
 The answer: (C)

[Assistant]
The question: What is an example of an echinoderm?
Options:
- (A) a fish
- (B) eel
- (C) starfish
- (D) parasites
- (E) ferns
- (F) shark
- (G) fertile
- (H) algae


[User]
Line 1: *Bird beaks are generally adapted for the food they eat. Birds eat food that they scavenge. Beaks are adapted for food that is scavenged.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What are beaks adapted to?
Options:
- (A) principals of aerodynamics
- (B) it keeps an organism warm
- (C) Animal survival
- (D) the environment
- (E) the color of the feathers
- (F) how the bird flies
- (G) food that is scavenged
- (H) the call the bird makes*
--
Line 1: *Annelids are worms such as the familiar earthworm. Annelids have bodies that are segmented. Earthworms have segmented bodies.*
*(H)*
Line 2: *What kind of bodies do earthworms have?
Options:
- (A) non-segmented
- (B) roots
- (C) slimy
- (D) fertile
- (E) bioaerosols
- (F) vertebrate
- (G) more abundant
- (H) segmented*
--
Line 1: *Marine species live mainly in shallow coastal waters. Killer whales prefer shallow and colder coastal waters. Killer whales are a marine species.*
*(F)*
Line 2: *What are killer whales?
Options:
- (A) red and black
- (B) They have thick fur
- (C) dangerous
- (D) sharks
- (E) deep sea creatures
- (F) marine species
- (G) Absorb light
- (H) animals*
--
Line 1: *All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Activation energy is required to overcome the energy barrier. All chemical reactions must first overcome the energy barrier.*
*(D)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*What must a chemical reaction overcome before starting?
Options:
- (A) PV=nRT
- (B) heat or cold
- (C) reactants
- (D) energy barrier
- (E) Dehydration
- (F) harmful substances
- (G) resistance
- (H) temperature*
--


[User]
What was the question for this implicit rationale, and corresponding answer?
Most invertebrates have a nervous system. Invertebrates are animals without a backbone. Most animals without backbones have a nervous system.
 The answer: (C)

[Assistant]
The question: Which type of system do most animals without backbones have?
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) Veins and arteries.
- (C) Nervous system
- (D) Stereo system
- (E) Root system
- (F) to move people
- (G) Skeletal system
- (H) insects


[User] Creatively image a question and justification for this answer: (E)

[Assistant]
The question is: What are bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food?
Options:
- (A) birds
- (B) carnivorous organisms
- (C) Transfers energy
- (D) competing for resources
- (E) planktonic plants
- (F) By wind and rain
- (G) fish
- (H) Chemical energy
Step-by-step reasoning process: Phytoplankton are bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food. Planktonic plants are called phytoplankton. Planktonic plants are bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food.


[User]
Given the stream of consciousness rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Rationale: Mating is generally preceded by courtship. Friendship usually precedes courtship, and courtship, marriage. Friendship often comes before mating.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
What often precedes mating?
Options:
- (A) A Greek letter
- (B) competition
- (C) friendship
- (D) birth of a child
- (E) death
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) pregnancy
- (H) sweating
The answer is (C)


[User] Fish have a circulatory system with a two-chambered heart. Fish are backboned aquatic animals. Some backboned aquatic animals have a circulatory system with a two-chambered heart.is the reasoning for what question and answer pair?

[Assistant]
Q: The two-chambered heart of some backboned aquatic animals is part of their:
Options:
- (A) aerobic capacity
- (B) three-chambered heart
- (C) biological diversity
- (D) it keeps an organism warm
- (E) the body's largest organ
- (F) circulatory system
- (G) salmon
- (H) swimming system
A: (F)


[User] Reconstruct a question, answer pair from this explanation: All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions. Catalysts help chemical reactions to get started.

[Assistant]
Q:What do catalysts do?
Options:
- (A) metabolic reaction
- (B) breathe
- (C) get chemical reactions started
- (D) Slowing the transfer of heat
- (E) A compound that donates proton
- (F) fertilize eggs
- (G) have a positive impact on the environment
- (H) inhibit chemical reactions
A:(C)


[User]
Solution idea: Mollusks are invertebrates such as the common snail. Invertebrates are animals who lack a backbone or spinal column. Mollusks are animals who lack a backbone or spinal column.
Q: What does an animal like a mollusk lack that many other animals have?
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) Energy.
- (C) Bodily water
- (D) kinetic energy
- (E) alveoli
- (F) the skin
- (G) an organism's body
- (H) spinal column
A: (H)

Solution idea: Soil can be depleted of nutrients. Wampanucket soils are prime farmland soils. Farmland can be depleted of nutrients.
Q: If not managed properly, nutrients can be depleted on
Options:
- (A) environment
- (B) Dehydration
- (C) fronts
- (D) our planet
- (E) coastlines
- (F) the skin
- (G) farmland
- (H) Power plants
A: (G)

Solution idea: Mutation creates new genetic variation in a gene pool. Genetic variation is the raw material for evolution. Mutation leads to evolution.
Q: Mutation leads to _.
Options:
- (A) Devolution
- (B) Plants growth
- (C) rapid expansion
- (D) Evolution.
- (E) Degeneration
- (F) Extinction
- (G) massive damage
- (H) anemia
A: (D)

Solution idea: Biodiversity increases the productivity and stability of ecosystems. Marine ecosystems also act as stabilizers of global systems especially our climate. Biodiversity increases the productivity and stability of the entire global system.

[Assistant]
Q: What increases the productivity and stability of the entire global system?
Options:
- (A) important habitats
- (B) Plants growth
- (C) solar system
- (D) animals
- (E) biodiversity
- (F) environment
- (G) bottlenecks
- (H) power stations
A: (E)


[User]
Explain simply why (E) is the correct answer to: How do echinoderms use their feet to locomote themselves?
Options:
- (A) one at a time
- (B) to move people
- (C) running and lifting
- (D) protein channels
- (E) a hydraulic system
- (F) it needs them
- (G) undulations
- (H) It helps them survive. Explanation:

[Assistant] Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. Echinoderms have a hydraulic system of locomotion called the water vascular system. Echinoderms have a hydraulic system of locomotion with tube feet.


[User]
Ans: (F)
Question: Most invertebrates have brains capable of what?
Options:
- (A) telepathy
- (B) movement
- (C) telekinesis
- (D) allow growth
- (E) animals
- (F) learning
- (G) relocation
- (H) power
CoT: Most invertebrates have a more complex nervous system. Cephalopods have well developed nervous systems with complex brains capable of learning. Most invertebrates have brains capable of learning.

Ans: (D)
Question: What can develop into new haploid individuals without being fertilized?
Options:
- (A) bacteria
- (B) alpacas
- (C) parasites
- (D) Candida
- (E) cows
- (F) insects
- (G) orchids
- (H) ferns
CoT: Fungi spores can develop into new haploid individuals without being fertilized. Candida and Aspergillus are types of fungi. Spores of Candida and Aspergillus can develop into new haploid individuals without being fertilized.

Ans: (D)
Question: Glutamate transport requires what?
Options:
- (A) chemicals
- (B) flavoring
- (C) glucose
- (D) energy
- (E) MSG
- (F) Energy.
- (G) chop sui
- (H) oxygen
CoT: Vesicle transport requires energy, so it is also a form of active transport. Synaptic vesicles glutamate transporter 5. Glutamate transport requires energy.

Ans: (E)

[Assistant]
Question: What gets converted into the type of energy that animal cells need?
Options:
- (A) photosynthesis
- (B) solar energy
- (C) sugar
- (D) UV
- (E) food
- (F) water
- (G) Energy
- (H) Light
CoT: Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. Food is converted into glucose. Food is converted into the type of energy that most cells use.


[User]
Question. What kind of bodies do earthworms have?
Options:
- (A) non-segmented
- (B) roots
- (C) slimy
- (D) fertile
- (E) bioaerosols
- (F) vertebrate
- (G) more abundant
- (H) segmented
Answer. (H)
What step-by-step reasoning justifies that answer?

[Assistant] Reasoning: Annelids are worms such as the familiar earthworm. Annelids have bodies that are segmented. Earthworms have segmented bodies.


[User]
What was the question for this implicit rationale, and corresponding answer?
Gene flow occurs when individuals move into or out of a population. Community health focuses on the health of populations or groups. Gene flow occurs when individuals move into or out of a community.
 The answer: (H)

[Assistant]
The question: Individuals who move into or out of a community increase:
Options:
- (A) homogeneity
- (B) energy usage
- (C) power
- (D) monoculture
- (E) competition
- (F) adding heat
- (G) population
- (H) gene flow


[User]
Chain-of-thought: Reproduction is the process by which living things give rise to offspring. Most people want to have children who are the biological offspring of both parents. Reproduction is the process by which living things produce children.
Q: What comes from reproduction?
Options:
- (A) babies
- (B) protein
- (C) pollution
- (D) dead cells
- (E) Energy
- (F) seeds
- (G) Most plants
- (H) children
A: (H)
--
Chain-of-thought: Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division in eukaryotes as well as prokaryotes. Conventional myosin is required for cytokinesis . Conventional myosin is required for the final stage of cell division.
Q: Conventional myosin is required for the final stage of what?
Options:
- (A) Energy.
- (B) sweating
- (C) cell division
- (D) flow of electrons
- (E) Plants growth
- (F) Dehydration
- (G) movement
- (H) rapid expansion
A: (C)
--
Chain-of-thought: Mating is generally preceded by courtship. Courtship is similar across species. Mating is generally similar across species.

[Assistant]
Q: What is generally similar across species?
Options:
- (A) tail fins
- (B) our star
- (C) the eyes
- (D) vision
- (E) mating
- (F) Flowers
- (G) bushes
- (H) alpacas
A: (E)
--


[User]
Consider the question. Playing is one way organisms that have ingestive metabolism learn how to what?
Options:
- (A) propagate
- (B) instinct
- (C) grow
- (D) nutrients
- (E) die
- (F) behave
- (G) survive
- (H) Grow well
 What is the step-by-step reasoning process to arrive at the answer: (F)?

[Assistant] Playing is one way mammals and other animals learn how to behave. Animals are organisms that have ingestive metabolism. Playing is one way organisms that have ingestive metabolism learn how to behave.


[User]
Ans: (C)
Question: What do catalysts do?
Options:
- (A) metabolic reaction
- (B) breathe
- (C) get chemical reactions started
- (D) Slowing the transfer of heat
- (E) A compound that donates proton
- (F) fertilize eggs
- (G) have a positive impact on the environment
- (H) inhibit chemical reactions
CoT: All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions. Catalysts help chemical reactions to get started.

Ans: (G)
Question: What is important in preventing heat loss from the body?
Options:
- (A) hydration
- (B) a cuticle
- (C) stay warm
- (D) sweating
- (E) warmth
- (F) skin
- (G) keratin
- (H) Animal fur
CoT: Head hair is especially important in preventing heat loss from the body. Hair is actually composed of a protein called keratin. Keratin is especially important in preventing heat loss from the body.

Ans: (B)
Question: What lives in water that contains little or no salt?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) terrapins
- (C) a fish
- (D) Chlorophyll
- (E) bacteria
- (F) sharks
- (G) sodium
- (H) humans
CoT: Freshwater biomes have water that contains little or no salt. Terrapins are freshwater turtles. Terrapins live in water that contains little or no salt.

Ans: (B)

[Assistant]
Question: Organisms cluster around hot water inside cracks where?
Options:
- (A) loose soil
- (B) ocean floor
- (C) food and shelter
- (D) tectonic plates
- (E) the ground
- (F) allow growth
- (G) Absorb light
- (H) survive
CoT: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. Background Hot water vents form inside cracks in the ocean floor. Organisms cluster around hot water inside cracks in the ocean floor.


[User] Imagine a question and stream-of-consciousness explanation for which this is the answer: (C)

[Assistant]
Question: What do all chemical changes require to occur?
Options:
- (A) during the day
- (B) heating liquids
- (C) Activation energy
- (D) wavelengths and photons
- (E) Burning fuel and air
- (F) kinetic energy
- (G) electromagnetic energy
- (H) direct energy
Stream-of-consciousness: All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Chemical changes are a result of chemical reactions. All chemical changes require activation energy to occur.


[User] Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify this answer: (E)

[Assistant]
The question is: A type of resting cell from what type of organism is often found in soil and water?
Options:
- (A) fungi
- (B) creature
- (C) organic thing
- (D) entity
- (E) bacteria
- (F) lmestone
- (G) Most plants
- (H) vegetation
Step-by-step reasoning process: Endospores are commonly found in soil and water. Endospore-forming bacteria produce a unique resting cell called an endospore . Bacterial resting cells are often found in soil and water.


[User]
Chain-of-thought: Cells are the basic units of the structure and function of living things. Osteogenic cell types are indicated. Osteogenic is a type of the basic units of the structure and function of living things.
Q: What is a type of the basic units of the structure and function of living things?
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) osteogenic
- (C) animals
- (D) Chemical energy
- (E) Energy
- (F) trees
- (G) ferns
- (H) fur and fat
A: (B)
--
Chain-of-thought: Amphibians have permeable skin that easily absorbs substances from the environment. All frogs are amphibians. Frogs have permeable skin that easily absorbs substances from the environment.
Q: What feature allows frogs to absorb substances from the environment?
Options:
- (A) four limbs
- (B) poison dart frog
- (C) hydrate their cells
- (D) permeable skin
- (E) layers of fat
- (F) a cuticle
- (G) predators
- (H) double eyelid
A: (D)
--
Chain-of-thought: Annelids are worms such as the familiar earthworm. Annelids have bodies that are segmented. The familiar earthworm has a segmented body.

[Assistant]
Q: Earthworm bodies are:
Options:
- (A) fertile
- (B) segmented
- (C) migrate
- (D) allow growth
- (E) revolving
- (F) more abundant
- (G) Loose
- (H) Absorb light
A: (B)
--


[User]
Given the following reasoning and answer, what was the question? Heterotrophs get food by eating other living things. Animals are heterotrophs, or other-feeders. Animals get food by eating other living things.
 The answer: (G)

[Assistant]
The question What do animals use as a food course?
Options:
- (A) it keeps an organism warm
- (B) water
- (C) Generating heat
- (D) Organic compounds
- (E) deadwood
- (F) light energy
- (G) other living things
- (H) inorganic


[User]
Consider the question. An earthworm is an important
Options:
- (A) allow growth
- (B) cleaner for earth
- (C) Plant reproduction
- (D) more abundant
- (E) parasite
- (F) Something that makes plants green
- (G) predator
- (H) deposit feeder for earth
 If the answer is '(H)'; explain the reasoning:

[Assistant] Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich soil. Earth stands for soil, dust or ground. Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich earth.


[User]
Solution idea: Lipids may consist of fatty acids alone, or they may contain other molecules as well. Lipids Lipids are diverse hydrophobic molecules. Diverse hydrophobic molecules may consist of fatty acids alone.
Q: Diverse hydrophobic molecules may consist of what type of acids?
Options:
- (A) Acids
- (B) solutes
- (C) watery
- (D) three
- (E) cell
- (F) rings
- (G) dry
- (H) fatty
A: (H)

Solution idea: Air pollution harms the respiratory and circulatory systems. Incinerated mercury pollutes the air. Incinerated mercury harms the respiratory and circulatory systems.
Q: What harms the respiratory and circulatory systems?
Options:
- (A) Greenhouse gasses
- (B) burning coal
- (C) inoculation
- (D) incinerated mercury
- (E) fossil fuels
- (F) water vapor
- (G) Sulfur dioxide
- (H) air
A: (D)

Solution idea: Wetlands are extremely important biomes. Biomes are global ecosystems. Wetlands are extremely important ecosystems.
Q: Wetlands are a very important type of what?
Options:
- (A) forest land
- (B) allow growth
- (C) Plants growth
- (D) swamp
- (E) storing water
- (F) district
- (G) animals
- (H) ecosystem
A: (H)

Solution idea: Playing is one way mammals and other animals learn how to behave. Sea lions are tactile mammals. Playing is one way sea lions learn how to behave.

[Assistant]
Q: What do sea lions learn how to behave from?
Options:
- (A) exercise
- (B) Energy.
- (C) fish
- (D) Movement
- (E) Energy
- (F) playing
- (G) children
- (H) whales
A: (F)


[User]
Ans: (E)
Question: What causes cell walls to relax?
Options:
- (A) exercise
- (B) sweating
- (C) adding heat
- (D) Energy
- (E) dilation
- (F) heat or cold
- (G) heat
- (H) Dehydration
CoT: Dilation occurs when cell walls relax. When oxygen level decreases, dilatation of the blood vessels occurs. Decreased oxygen levels cause blood vessels to dilate and cell walls to relax.

Ans: (A)
Question: What are the form of the genetic material of a cell during mitosis?
Options:
- (A) chromosomes
- (B) graptolites
- (C) fur and fat
- (D) peachleaf willow
- (E) pollen
- (F) Leptospirosis
- (G) animals
- (H) it can be seen
CoT: Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during cell division. Mitosis is cell division. Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during mitosis.

Ans: (B)
Question: What are a major food source for other organisms, including humans?
Options:
- (A) Earthworms
- (B) Soft-bodied invertebrates
- (C) Fully cooking the oysters
- (D) absorb light energy
- (E) remains of prehistoric life
- (F) members of their own species
- (G) Humans
- (H) Lawns
CoT: Mollusks are a major food source for other organisms, including humans. Mollusks are soft-bodied invertebrates. Soft-bodied invertebrates are a major food source for other organisms, including humans.

Ans: (D)

[Assistant]
Question: Mussels have what?
Options:
- (A) seaweed
- (B) arms
- (C) Energy
- (D) a shell
- (E) warmth
- (F) bacteria
- (G) Length
- (H) legs
CoT: Most mollusks have shells. Mussels are bivalve mollusks. Mussels have shells.


[User]
Ques and Ans: What is one reason birds have covered bodies?
Options:
- (A) To help them burrow
- (B) They have thick fur
- (C) layers of fat
- (D) To help them fly
- (E) To keep their body heat.
- (F) To attract predators
- (G) with their fur
- (H) To make them heavier
(D)
Explanation for the Ans above: [[Feathers help birds fly and provide insulation. Birds have bodies covered with feathers. Birds bodies are covered to help them fly and provide insulation.]]

Ques and Ans: Where can mucus like organisms be found?
Options:
- (A) the environment
- (B) Contaminated wounds
- (C) on food
- (D) on rotting logs and compost
- (E) an area swollen with pus
- (F) in the grass
- (G) in the refridgerator
- (H) mouth of rivers
(D)
Explanation for the Ans above: [[Slime molds are fungus-like protists commonly found on rotting logs and compost. True Slime Molds Slime molds are a mucus-like organism. Mucus like organisms can be found on rotting logs and compost.]]

Ques and Ans: What phylum are nematodes in?
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) ferns
- (C) parasites
- (D) Epidermis
- (E) white
- (F) insects
- (G) graptolites
- (H) Nematoda
(H)
Explanation for the Ans above:

[Assistant] [[Roundworms make up the phylum Nematoda. Nematodes are simple roundworms. Nematodes are in the phylum Nematoda.]]


[User]
Most amphibians breathe with gills as larvae and with lungs as adults. All frogs are amphibians. Frogs breathe with gills as larvae and with lungs as adults.
This justifies what answer for what question? Q & A:

[Assistant]
What do frogs breathe with when they are adults?
Options:
- (A) skin
- (B) fins
- (C) lungs
- (D) oxygen
- (E) gills
- (F) air
- (G) Energy
- (H) Gases
(C)


[User] Reconstruct a question, answer pair from this explanation: Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem. For example, carrots and beets are roots. Carrots and beets grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem.

[Assistant]
Q:Carrots and beets what in length and width from primary and secondary meristem?
Options:
- (A) grow shorter
- (B) grow smaller
- (C) grow bigger
- (D) peachleaf willow
- (E) grow narrower
- (F) they bend
- (G) In their leaves
- (H) rapid expansion
A:(C)


[User] Come up with a question and stream of consciousness reasoning that would justify this answer: (F)

[Assistant]
The question is: Cell division in what is more complex than cell division in prokaryotes?
Options:
- (A) bacteria
- (B) archaea
- (C) animals
- (D) SO2
- (E) fungi
- (F) plants
- (G) complex
- (H) E. coli
Stream of consciousness: Cell division is more complex in eukaryotes than prokaryotes. All plants are eukaryotes. Cell division is more complex in plants than prokaryotes.


[User]
Plants respond to daily and seasonal cycles and to disease. Green bean plantings continue to be planted. Green beans respond to daily and seasonal cycles and to disease.
This justifies what answer for what question? Q & A:

[Assistant]
What responds to daily and seasonal cycles and to disease?
Options:
- (A) resistance
- (B) Sundays
- (C) vegetation
- (D) Summer season
- (E) swamp vegetation
- (F) Mondays
- (G) alpacas
- (H) Green beans
(H)


[User] Imagine a question and stream-of-consciousness explanation for which this is the answer: (H)

[Assistant]
Question: The average weather in an area during an era is called:
Options:
- (A) Summer
- (B) epoch
- (C) good
- (D) autumn
- (E) time period
- (F) mild
- (G) Pleistocein
- (H) climate
Stream-of-consciousness: Climate is the average weather in an area over a long period of time. An era is a period of time in which events occur. Climate is the average weather in an area during an era.


[User]
Question. What group makes up the majority of multicellular eukaryotes?
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) solid, liquid, gas
- (C) orchids
- (D) Plant reproduction
- (E) Veins and arteries.
- (F) passenger pigeons
- (G) Invertebrates
- (H) insects
Answer. (G)
What step-by-step reasoning justifies that answer?

[Assistant] Reasoning: Animals are a kingdom of multicellular eukaryotes. Invertebrates make up the majority of the animal Kingdome. Invertebrates make up the majority of multicellular eukaryotes.


[User]
Ans: (A)
Question: Food consists of organic molecules that store heat where?
Options:
- (A) in their chemical bonds
- (B) the rest of the body
- (C) the environment
- (D) by keeping them warm
- (E) Earth orbiting the Sun
- (F) Earth revolving around the sun
- (G) it helps plants in growing
- (H) the body's largest organ
CoT: Food consists of organic molecules that store energy in their chemical bonds. Basically, heat is energy. Food consists of organic molecules that store heat in their chemical bonds.

Ans: (E)
Question: What is essential for cellular respiration for organisms consuming voas and alcohols?
Options:
- (A) carbon
- (B) glucose
- (C) h2o
- (D) Air
- (E) oxygen
- (F) Energy
- (G) Energy.
- (H) water
CoT: Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration for all aerobic organisms. Aerobic organisms consume VOAs and alcohols. Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration for organisms consuming VOAs and alcohols.

Ans: (C)

[Assistant]
Question: What do catalysts do?
Options:
- (A) metabolic reaction
- (B) breathe
- (C) get chemical reactions started
- (D) Slowing the transfer of heat
- (E) A compound that donates proton
- (F) fertilize eggs
- (G) have a positive impact on the environment
- (H) inhibit chemical reactions
CoT: All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions. Catalysts help chemical reactions to get started.


[User]
Solution idea: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. Background Hot water vents form inside cracks in the ocean floor. Organisms cluster around hot water inside cracks in the ocean floor.
Q: Organisms cluster around hot water inside cracks where?
Options:
- (A) loose soil
- (B) ocean floor
- (C) food and shelter
- (D) tectonic plates
- (E) the ground
- (F) allow growth
- (G) Absorb light
- (H) survive
A: (B)

Solution idea: Humans have collected and grown mushrooms for food for thousands of years. Yeast and mushrooms are types of fungus. Humans have collected and grown types of fungus for food for thousands of years.
Q: What have humans collected and grown for thousands of years?
Options:
- (A) Organic compounds
- (B) types of coral
- (C) types of ferns
- (D) bioaerosols
- (E) Most plants
- (F) types of fungus
- (G) types of pine trees
- (H) peachleaf willow
A: (F)

Solution idea: Lipids may consist of fatty acids alone, or they may contain other molecules as well. Fats are known as lipids. Fats may consist of fatty acids alone, or they may contain other molecules as well.
Q: What can fats consist of?
Options:
- (A) Energy
- (B) Weight
- (C) ice
- (D) chlorophyll
- (E) water
- (F) Energy.
- (G) Chemical energy
- (H) fatty acid
A: (H)

Solution idea: Some parasites kill their host, but most do not. Parasites are organisms which live off a host. Some organisms which live off a host kill it, but most do not.

[Assistant]
Q: Some what which live off a host kill it, but most do not?
Options:
- (A) offspring
- (B) pets
- (C) poisons
- (D) fungi
- (E) Leptospirosis
- (F) bacteria
- (G) animals
- (H) organisms
A: (H)


[User]
Digestion is the process of breaking down food into components the body can absorb. Digestive enzymes are necessary for a complete digestion. Enzymes break down food into components the body can absorb.
This justifies what answer for what question? Q & A:

[Assistant]
What supplement would a human take to aid in breaking down food?
Options:
- (A) sweating
- (B) Energy
- (C) Enzymes.
- (D) Calcium supplements.
- (E) Energy.
- (F) Antacid.
- (G) Protein supplement.
- (H) evaporation
(C)


[User]
Ques and Ans: Arthropods with what may live in large colonies and have complex social behaviors.
Options:
- (A) fur
- (B) gills
- (C) animals
- (D) complex
- (E) Wasps
- (F) vertebrae
- (G) Flowers
- (H) wings
(H)
Logic chain: Insects may live in large colonies and have complex social behaviors. Insects are the only arthropod to have wings. Arthropods with wings may live in large colonies and have complex social behaviors.

Ques and Ans: What powers sweat?
Options:
- (A) heat produced
- (B) The body's fuel
- (C) a gas in the air
- (D) hydration
- (E) When the water is hot
- (F) air cools
- (G) matter vibrating
- (H) Cooling vapors
(B)
Logic chain: Evaporation of sweat uses energy, and the energy comes from body heat. Energy is the body's fuel. When sweat is evaporated, the body's fuel is used.

Ques and Ans: Flukes, tapeworms, and turbell are
Options:
- (A) major threat to health
- (B) types of flat leeches
- (C) Plant growth is reduced
- (D) types of earthworms
- (E) competing for resources
- (F) types of snakes
- (G) types of flatworms
- (H) parasites
(G)
Logic chain: Flatworms belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes. Flatworms Flatworms or Platyhelminthes include flukes, tapeworms, and turbellarians. Types of flatworms are flukes, tapeworms, and turbellarians.

Ques and Ans: Which animals have a circulatory system?
Options:
- (A) insects
- (B) mammals
- (C) fur seals
- (D) sharks
- (E) cows
- (F) squids
- (G) a fish
- (H) chickens
(F)
Logic chain:

[Assistant] Mollusks have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood. Interestingly, a squid is also a mollusk. Squids have a circulatory system.


[User]
Line 1: *Vertebrates are all chordates that have a backbone. Invertebrates are animals who lack a backbone or spinal column. Vertebrates are all chordates that have a spinal column.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What do all vertebrates have that invertebrates don't?
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) fur and fat
- (C) bones and joints
- (D) a jaw bone
- (E) kinetic energy
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) a spinal column
- (H) a set of gills*
Logic of a solution: *Amphibians have a relatively complex circulatory system with a three-chambered heart. Toads and frogs are both amphibians. Toads have a relatively complex circulatory system with a three chambered heart.*
*(H)*
The original question: *What has a three chambered heart?
Options:
- (A) alpacas
- (B) goats
- (C) elms
- (D) bats
- (E) orchids
- (F) mammals
- (G) a fish
- (H) toads*
Line 1: *Most amphibians breathe with gills as larvae and with lungs as adults. All frogs are amphibians. Frogs breathe with gills as larvae and with lungs as adults.*
*(C)*
Line 2: *What do frogs breathe with when they are adults?
Options:
- (A) skin
- (B) fins
- (C) lungs
- (D) oxygen
- (E) gills
- (F) air
- (G) Energy
- (H) Gases*
Logic of a solution: *Carbon monoxide is a gas produced by furnaces and other devices that burn fuel. Cabins have wood burning stoves and propane furnaces. Carbon monoxide is a gas produced by burning propane.*
*(D)*
The original question: *What gas is produced by burning propane?
Options:
- (A) Greenhouse gases
- (B) Sulfur dioxide
- (C) gasoline
- (D) Carbon monoxide
- (E) hydrocarbons
- (F) carbon dioxide
- (G) dangerous
- (H) heating liquids*
Line 1: *Running water is better able to dissolve oxygen and nutrients than standing water. Streams and creeks provide running water. Streams and creeks are better able to dissolve oxygen and nutrients than standing water.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What is better able to dissolve oxygen and nutrients than standing water?
Options:
- (A) puddles
- (B) microorganisms
- (C) ponds
- (D) nitrogen
- (E) swamp vegetation
- (F) Veins and arteries.
- (G) streams and creeks
- (H) peachleaf willow*
Line 1: *Carbon cycles quickly between organisms and the atmosphere. Deforestation also disrupts the Carbon Cycle. Deforestation disrupts the cycle between organisms and the atmosphere.*
*(H)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*What disrupts the cycle between organisms and the atmosphere?
Options:
- (A) burning coal
- (B) Sulfur dioxide
- (C) replanting forests
- (D) solar system
- (E) Greenhouse gasses
- (F) chlorofluorocarbons
- (G) life cycle
- (H) deforestation*


[User]
Ans: (G)
Question: Thyroid hormones increase the rate of
Options:
- (A) by making heat
- (B) the rest of the body
- (C) female sex cells
- (D) Helps them grow
- (E) hydration of their cells
- (F) heat produced
- (G) converting food to energy
- (H) aerobic capacity
CoT: Thyroid hormones increase the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. Metabolism is the process of converting food to energy. Thyroid hormones increase the rate of converting food to energy.

Ans: (G)
Question: Salt in the water is something that must be adapted to by organisms who live in:
Options:
- (A) evaporation
- (B) environment
- (C) rivers
- (D) bioaerosols
- (E) our planet
- (F) Deposition
- (G) estuaries
- (H) deserts
CoT: Organisms that live in marine biomes must be adapted to the salt in the water. Estuaries display characteristics of both marine and freshwater biomes. Organisms that live in estuaries must be adapted to the salt in the water.

Ans: (B)

[Assistant]
Question: Hermatypic organisms provide what to many ocean organisms?
Options:
- (A) survival
- (B) food and shelter
- (C) competition
- (D) kinetic energy
- (E) produce light
- (F) important habitats
- (G) protect them
- (H) major threat to health
CoT: Coral reefs provide food and shelter to many ocean organisms. Reef-building corals are hermatypic. Hermatypic organisms provide food and shelter to many ocean organisms.


[User] Creatively image a question and justification for this answer: (D)

[Assistant]
The question is: Cells pretty much al share this one characteristic:
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) voltage
- (C) aerobic capacity
- (D) microscopic
- (E) eukaryotic
- (F) bacteria
- (G) prokaryotic
- (H) layers of fat
Step-by-step reasoning process: Cells vary in size as well as shape, but all cells are very small. All cells are microscopic in size. Cells can vary in shape, but they are all microscopic.


[User]
Ans: (H)
Question: The cells that produce antibodies are key in what system?
Options:
- (A) health
- (B) T cells
- (C) vision
- (D) humans
- (E) macrophages
- (F) B cells
- (G) disease
- (H) immune
CoT: Lymphocytes are the key cells involved in the immune response. B lymphocytes produce antibodies . The key cells involved in the immune response produce antibodies.

Ans: (H)
Question: A woman's reproductive years usually ends at what stage of life?
Options:
- (A) young adulthood
- (B) teen years
- (C) our star
- (D) It decreases
- (E) Plant growth is reduced
- (F) old age
- (G) our nearest star
- (H) middle adulthood
CoT: Menopause occurs when menstruation stops occurring, usually in middle adulthood. Menopause The Changes of Menopause Menopause marks the close of a woman's reproductive years. A woman's reproductive years usually ends in middle adulthood.

Ans: (C)
Question: Carrots and beets what in length and width from primary and secondary meristem?
Options:
- (A) grow shorter
- (B) grow smaller
- (C) grow bigger
- (D) peachleaf willow
- (E) grow narrower
- (F) they bend
- (G) In their leaves
- (H) rapid expansion
CoT: Roots grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem. For example, carrots and beets are roots. Carrots and beets grow in length and width from primary and secondary meristem.

Ans: (E)

[Assistant]
Question: Amphibians with what are more advanced than fish?
Options:
- (A) four eyes
- (B) sensory neurons
- (C) rapid expansion
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) four limbs
- (F) kinetic energy
- (G) tails
- (H) many limbs
CoT: Amphibians are the first true tetrapods, or vertebrates with four limbs. All vertebrates more advanced than fish have four limbs, each with up to five fingers or toes. Amphibians with four limbs are more advanced than fish.


[User] Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify this answer: (G)

[Assistant]
The question is: Ethologists study how animals behave in animals'
Options:
- (A) Summer
- (B) state
- (C) Birds
- (D) life
- (E) seasons
- (F) health
- (G) homes
- (H) fields
Step-by-step reasoning process: Ethologists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment. Environments are animals homes. Ethologists usually study how animals behave in the animals' homes.


[User]
Ans: (D)
Question: What may become unbalanced if the rate of breathing is too fast or too slow?
Options:
- (A) meiosis
- (B) rain levels
- (C) photosynthesis
- (D) blood acidity
- (E) an organism's body
- (F) Veins and arteries.
- (G) kinetic energy
- (H) swamp vegetation
CoT: Blood pH may become unbalanced if the rate of breathing is too fast or too slow. Acidity is measured with a pH meter or with pH paper strips. Blood acidity may become unbalanced if the rate of breathing is too fast or too slow.

Ans: (F)
Question: Plasma cells are activated b cells that secrete what?
Options:
- (A) Leptospirosis
- (B) Activated charcoal
- (C) Cellular phone services
- (D) Sweat
- (E) major threat to health
- (F) Warriors of the body.
- (G) Something that causes allergies
- (H) Chemical energy
CoT: Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete antibodies. Antibodies act as warriors. Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete warriors.

Ans: (D)
Question: Living beings in marine biomes must be adapted to what in the water?
Options:
- (A) CO 2
- (B) stress
- (C) liquid
- (D) salt
- (E) heat
- (F) an ion
- (G) energy
- (H) motion
CoT: Organisms that live in marine biomes must be adapted to the salt in the water. Organisms or living beings are literally things that are alive. Living beings that live in marine biomes must be adapted to the salt in the water.

Ans: (H)

[Assistant]
Question: Sharks have as skeleton that contains
Options:
- (A) elastin
- (B) Epidermis
- (C) calcium
- (D) fur and fat
- (E) marrow
- (F) strength
- (G) all matter
- (H) collagen
CoT: Cartilage is a tough tissue that contains a protein called collagen. Sharks have a cartilage skeleton. Sharks have as skeleton that contains a protein called collagen.


[User]
Solution idea: Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in the cells of plants and algae. Chloroplasts Chloroplasts serve as the site of photosynthesis. The site of photosynthesis in plant and algae cells is found within organelles.
Q: Organells found in the cells of plants and algae enable many things, including:
Options:
- (A) movement
- (B) photosyntehsis
- (C) food and shelter
- (D) sugar
- (E) glucose
- (F) organic
- (G) Energy.
- (H) survival
A: (B)

Solution idea: Some insects can use their antennae to detect sound. Every insect has six legs, that's an insect. Animals with six legs can use their antennae to detect sound.
Q: How can animals with six legs detect sound?
Options:
- (A) thorax
- (B) Refract it
- (C) electricity
- (D) they bend
- (E) wings
- (F) environment
- (G) pupils
- (H) antennae
A: (H)

Solution idea: Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone. Vertebrates generally have a backbone called the spinal column. Vertebrates are animals that have a spinal column in their skeletal system.
Q: If an animal has a spinal column in their skeletal system what is it called?
Options:
- (A) skeletal animal
- (B) vertebrate
- (C) A Greek letter
- (D) invertebrated
- (E) organ
- (F) critical organs
- (G) spined animal
- (H) epidermal
A: (B)

Solution idea: Platypus females lay their eggs in a burrow. Although the platypus is a mammal, it is bizarre and lays eggs . Mammals do not usually lay eggs.

[Assistant]
Q: What does not normally lay eggs?
Options:
- (A) swea
- (B) insects
- (C) Mammal
- (D) chickens
- (E) cows
- (F) animals
- (G) parasites
- (H) ducks
A: (C)


[User]
Given the stream of consciousness rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Rationale: Most protists have motility. Protists are one celled organisms. One celled organisms can have motility.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
What can have motility?
Options:
- (A) Small things with a microscope
- (B) gastropod shells
- (C) members of their own species
- (D) one celled organisms
- (E) Something to move
- (F) mitochondria
- (G) rocks
- (H) intestines
The answer is (D)


[User]
Consider the question. What kind of animals has a water vascular system with tubed feet?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) starfish
- (C) reeds
- (D) insects
- (E) warm-blooded
- (F) sponges
- (G) sea coral
- (H) four limbs
 If the answer is '(B)'; explain the reasoning:

[Assistant] Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. Echinoderms are represented by the starfish. Starfish have a unique water vascular system with tube feet.


[User]
Line 1: *Petals attract pollinators to the flower. Bees are effective pollinators. Petals attract bees to the flower.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What attracts bees to the flower?
Options:
- (A) seeds
- (B) orchids
- (C) other bees
- (D) butterflies
- (E) thorns
- (F) heat
- (G) petals
- (H) pollen*
--
Line 1: *Pollen consists of tiny grains that are the male gametes of plants. Haploid plants produce gametes. Pollen comes from haploid plants.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What kind of plants produce pollen?
Options:
- (A) white
- (B) insects
- (C) seeds
- (D) haploid
- (E) bees
- (F) swea
- (G) grass
- (H) Conifers*
--
Line 1: *Mammals conserve body heat with their hair or fur. Dogs, of course, are mammals. Dogs conserve body heat with their fur.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *How do dogs conserve body heat?
Options:
- (A) their blood cells
- (B) fur and fat
- (C) their nails
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) Exfoliation
- (F) sweating
- (G) their fur
- (H) their hair*
--
Line 1: *DNA is found in chromosomes. Genes live on chromosomes, chromosomes live in cells. DNA is found in cells.*
*(B)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*Where does dna reside?
Options:
- (A) membrane
- (B) cells
- (C) embryos
- (D) atom
- (E) complex
- (F) nucleotide
- (G) ligt
- (H) retina*
--


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Animals are a kingdom of multicellular eukaryotes. Humans, of course, are an example of a multicellular eukaryote. Humans are, of course, in the animal kingdom.
 A: (F)

[Assistant]
Q: What are in the animal kindgom?
Options:
- (A) seeds
- (B) edible
- (C) parasites
- (D) bacteria
- (E) fungi
- (F) humans
- (G) people
- (H) bees


[User]
Ques and Ans: _ are an essential nutrient for animals.
Options:
- (A) Energy
- (B) Chemicals
- (C) trees
- (D) potatoes
- (E) Acids
- (F) allow growth
- (G) store
- (H) Proteins
(H)
Explanation for the Ans above: [[All animals are heterotrophs. Proteins are an essential nutrient for heterotrophs . Proteins are an essential nutrient for animals.]]

Ques and Ans: What is the reason beak variation came about in birds?
Options:
- (A) By wind and rain
- (B) Attracting mates
- (C) It helps them survive
- (D) the Earth being tilted
- (E) Competing species evolving
- (F) it keeps an organism warm
- (G) To assist in flying
- (H) Warding off predators
(E)
Explanation for the Ans above: [[Specialization occurs when competing species evolve different adaptations. Beaks show a lot of variation and specialization for different functions. Beak variation came about because of competing species evolving different adaptations.]]

Ques and Ans: How can cells of the tobacco mosaic be seen?
Options:
- (A) refraction of light
- (B) an area swollen with pus
- (C) by indirect light
- (D) death and devastation
- (E) bending light rays
- (F) electron microscope
- (G) deadly and devastating
- (H) Veins and arteries.
(F)
Explanation for the Ans above:

[Assistant] [[Viruses are so small that they can be seen only with an electron microscope. Viruses include the Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Tobacco Mosaic is so small that it can only be seen with an electron microscope.]]


[User]
Explain simply why (C) is the correct answer to: What does head hair prevent the loss of?
Options:
- (A) matter
- (B) chemicals
- (C) energy
- (D) sunlight
- (E) Nutrients
- (F) warmth
- (G) humidity
- (H) sweating. Explanation:

[Assistant] Head hair is especially important in preventing heat loss from the body. Basically, heat is energy. Head hair is especially important in preventing energy loss from the body.


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Ethanol is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants. Ethanol is another transportation fuel. A transportation fuel is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants.*
*(E)*
The original question: *What is produced by alcoholic fermentation of glucose in corn?
Options:
- (A) peachleaf willow
- (B) A compound that donates proton
- (C) A cleaning fluid
- (D) A source of electricity
- (E) A transportation fuel
- (F) Organic compounds
- (G) A yeast
- (H) Chemical energy*

Logic of a solution: *Petals attract pollinators to the flower. Petals are great for potpourri or for making rose petal jelly. Something great for potpourri attracts pollinators to the flower.*
*(A)*
The original question: *What attracts pollinators to the flower?
Options:
- (A) something great for potpourri
- (B) Something with a head, thorax, and abdomen
- (C) peachleaf willow
- (D) By wind and rain
- (E) photosynthesis.
- (F) Something made from fermented ricce
- (G) Earth revolving around the sun
- (H) at or near the margins*

Logic of a solution: *Amphibians have sense organs to smell and taste chemicals. Lizards use their tongues as sense organs. Lizards are able to use their tongues to taste.*
*(A)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*What are lizards able to use their tongues to do?
Options:
- (A) taste
- (B) arrange their nest
- (C) noise
- (D) measure prey length
- (E) smell the color of organs
- (F) snort
- (G) breathe
- (H) vibrate*


[User]
Ans: (C)
Question: What do ecosystems in nature need an influx of to remain feasible?
Options:
- (A) Continuous nuclear energy.
- (B) Natural lipids and proteins.
- (C) Energy.
- (D) rain
- (E) water
- (F) Energy
- (G) oxygen
- (H) Renewable Sunny Delight.
CoT: Energy enters ecosystems in the form of sunlight or chemical compounds. Sunlight is the source of light in nature. Nature is comprised of many ecosystems which all depend upon energy.

Ans: (E)
Question: What do reptiles have?
Options:
- (A) wild rides
- (B) nerves
- (C) toadies
- (D) Bodily water
- (E) backbones
- (F) four limbs
- (G) Leptospirosis
- (H) pipe
CoT: Vertebrate chordates have a backbone. Because reptiles are vertebrates, they are chordates. Reptiles have backbones.

Ans: (F)

[Assistant]
Question: Prokaryotes are single celled living things in the animal kingdom that don't have a what?
Options:
- (A) epidermal
- (B) genus
- (C) complex
- (D) extinction
- (E) food
- (F) nucleus
- (G) properties
- (H) alleles
CoT: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. An organism is a living thing. Prokaryotes are single celled living things that lack a nucleus.


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Trees have woody stems covered with bark. Cinnamon sticks are simply pieces of tree bark. Woody stems are sometimes covered by material used to make cinnamon sticks.*
*(G)*
The original question: *What are sometimes made from the material that covers woody stems?
Options:
- (A) shrub beds
- (B) solid geometric shapes
- (C) saffron
- (D) Organic compounds
- (E) turmeric
- (F) mustard seed
- (G) cinnamon sticks
- (H) layers of fat*

Logic of a solution: *Thyroid hormones increase the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. Thyroxine, a thyroid hormone, is an aryl iodide. Thyroxine increases the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body.*
*(B)*
The original question: *Thyroxine increases the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the what?
Options:
- (A) Summer
- (B) body
- (C) state
- (D) skin
- (E) H 2 O
- (F) HIV
- (G) life
- (H) humans*

Logic of a solution: *Most protists have motility. Protists Protists are single-celled organisms. Most single-celled organisms have motility.*
*(C)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*Most types of what have motility?
Options:
- (A) gastropod shells
- (B) members of their own species
- (C) single-celled organisms
- (D) Something to move
- (E) remains of prehistoric life
- (F) microbial fuel cells
- (G) microorganisms
- (H) share properties*


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Some viruses have an envelope of phospholipids and proteins. Phospholipids are body fats, too. Some viruses have an envelope of fats and proteins.*
*(A)*
The original question: *Some viruses have an envelope of
Options:
- (A) fats and proteins
- (B) allow growth
- (C) aerobic capacity
- (D) keeps the organism warm
- (E) wavelengths and photons
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) looseness
- (H) To keep their body heat.*
Line 1: *Migrants typically travel long distances. Manatees are a migrant species. Manatees typically travel long distances.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What typically travel long distances?
Options:
- (A) slugs
- (B) snails
- (C) home bodies
- (D) manatees
- (E) supersonic
- (F) trains
- (G) humans
- (H) Cars*
Logic of a solution: *Minerals are chemical elements that are essential for body processes. Potassium is a trace mineral essential for growth and good health. Potassium is a chemical element essential for good health.*
*(G)*
The original question: *What is a chemical element essential for good health?
Options:
- (A) sweating
- (B) light energy
- (C) oxygen
- (D) bioaerosols
- (E) Chlorophyll
- (F) hydration
- (G) Potassium
- (H) fever*
Line 1: *Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete antibodies. Antibodies act as warriors. Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete warriors.*
*(F)*
Line 2: *Plasma cells are activated b cells that secrete what?
Options:
- (A) Leptospirosis
- (B) Activated charcoal
- (C) Cellular phone services
- (D) Sweat
- (E) major threat to health
- (F) Warriors of the body.
- (G) Something that causes allergies
- (H) Chemical energy*
Logic of a solution: *Trees have woody stems covered with bark. On the outside is a protective skin of bark made mainly of cork. Trees have woody stems covered with protective skin.*
*(C)*
The original question: *Trees have woody stems covered with what?
Options:
- (A) heat energy
- (B) thin skin
- (C) protective skin
- (D) skinny cells
- (E) white skin
- (F) Chlorophyll
- (G) Organic compounds
- (H) looseness*
Logic of a solution: *Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. An organism is a living thing. Prokaryotes are single celled living things that lack a nucleus.*
*(F)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*Prokaryotes are single celled living things in the animal kingdom that don't have a what?
Options:
- (A) epidermal
- (B) genus
- (C) complex
- (D) extinction
- (E) food
- (F) nucleus
- (G) properties
- (H) alleles*


[User] Plants are the major producers in terrestrial biomes. Grasses are very distinctive plants. Grass is a producer in terrestrial biomes.is the reasoning for what question and answer pair?

[Assistant]
Q: What is a producer in terrestrial biomes?
Options:
- (A) food
- (B) Oak
- (C) mammals
- (D) flowers
- (E) earth
- (F) grass
- (G) Trees
- (H) mushrooms
A: (F)


[User]
What was the question for this implicit rationale, and corresponding answer?
Viruses are so small that they can be seen only with an electron microscope. Viruses include the Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Tobacco Mosaic is so small that it can only be seen with an electron microscope.
 The answer: (F)

[Assistant]
The question: How can cells of the tobacco mosaic be seen?
Options:
- (A) refraction of light
- (B) an area swollen with pus
- (C) by indirect light
- (D) death and devastation
- (E) bending light rays
- (F) electron microscope
- (G) deadly and devastating
- (H) Veins and arteries.


[User]
Line 1: *Sight is the ability to sense light, and the eye is the organ that senses light. Vision begins with sight. Vision is the ability to sense light and the eye is the organ that senses light.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What does vision give you?
Options:
- (A) ability to eat
- (B) characteristics
- (C) ability to taste
- (D) ability to sense light
- (E) ability to sense sound
- (F) It gets more light
- (G) Something that is self-aware
- (H) Your sensory system picks it up*
--
Line 1: *DNA contains genetic instructions for proteins, and RNA helps assemble the proteins. RNA hybrids are then detected by a luminometer. A luminometer detects hybrids of the substance that helps assemble proteins.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What detects hybrids of the substance that helps assemble proteins?
Options:
- (A) orchids
- (B) sensory neurons
- (C) peachleaf willow
- (D) luminometer
- (E) A computer
- (F) animals
- (G) A Greek letter
- (H) scattered light*
--
Line 1: *Most genes contain the instructions for a single protein. Genes are made of DNA, the substrate of hereditary information. DNA can contain the instructions for a single protein.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What can dna contain the instructions for?
Options:
- (A) keeps the organism warm
- (B) Something to move
- (C) Plant reproduction
- (D) a single protein
- (E) A computer
- (F) Animal survival
- (G) survival
- (H) an engine*
--
Line 1: *Most invertebrates have a nervous system. Jellyfish and insects are invertebrates. Jellyfish have a nervous system.*
*(B)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*What has a nervous system?
Options:
- (A) Nerve tonic
- (B) Jellyfish
- (C) Air
- (D) fur seals
- (E) Cardiovascular system
- (F) animals
- (G) chickens
- (H) elephants*
--


[User]
Consider the question. What does fire require to get started?
Options:
- (A) an engine
- (B) activation energy
- (C) water
- (D) energy usage
- (E) direct energy
- (F) dogs
- (G) activated almonds
- (H) adding heat
 If the answer is '(B)'; explain the reasoning:

[Assistant] All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Fire is a chemical reaction. Fire requires activation energy to get started.


[User] Reconstruct a question, answer pair from this explanation: Mating is generally preceded by courtship. Courtship is similar across species. Mating is generally similar across species.

[Assistant]
Q:What is generally similar across species?
Options:
- (A) tail fins
- (B) our star
- (C) the eyes
- (D) vision
- (E) mating
- (F) Flowers
- (G) bushes
- (H) alpacas
A:(E)


[User] Come up with a question and stream of consciousness reasoning that would justify this answer: (F)

[Assistant]
The question is: In their quest for reproduction, salamanders are assisted by their what?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) kinetic energy
- (C) sense of irony
- (D) taste in clothing
- (E) fur and fat
- (F) sense of smell
- (G) chameleon
- (H) insects
Stream of consciousness: Most salamanders use their sense of smell to find a mate. Food to survive, mates to reproduce, and water to drink. To reproduce, salamanders are assisted by their sense of smell.


[User]
Chain-of-thought: Ozone depletion results in higher levels of UV radiation reaching Earth. Solar UV radiation levels are highest during the middle of the day. Ozone depletion results in radiation levels that are highest during the middle of the day.
Q: Ozone depletion results in radiation levels that are highest when?
Options:
- (A) middle of the day
- (B) forest is destroyed
- (C) late evening
- (D) Under 32 degrees
- (E) middle of the night
- (F) Temperature changing
- (G) Plant growth is reduced
- (H) early morning
A: (A)
--
Chain-of-thought: Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. Glial cells perform critical functions in the nervous system. Neurons are the structural and functional units of where the glial cells perform critical functions.
Q: Neurons are the structural and functional units of where what is critical?
Options:
- (A) organs
- (B) Glial cells
- (C) nerves
- (D) Structural units
- (E) voltage
- (F) Storage units
- (G) Critical care
- (H) A computer
A: (B)
--
Chain-of-thought: Plants respond to daily and seasonal cycles and to disease. Temperature follows a seasonal cycle. Plants respond to temperature.

[Assistant]
Q: What do plants respond to?
Options:
- (A) Energy.
- (B) heat produced
- (C) Chemical energy
- (D) sun's heat
- (E) the environment
- (F) heat energy
- (G) Sulfur dioxide
- (H) temperature
A: (H)
--


[User]
Given the rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Step-by-step reasoning process: Amphibians have sense organs to smell and taste chemicals. Frogs, toads and salamanders are amphibians. Frogs, toads, and salamanders have sense organs to smell and taste chemicals.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
What can frogs, toads and salamanders use to smell and taste chemicals?
Options:
- (A) sense organs
- (B) Chemical energy
- (C) matter vibrating
- (D) larynx
- (E) Organic compounds
- (F) ocular organs
- (G) gills
- (H) harmful substances
The answer is (A)


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Cell division is more complex in eukaryotes than prokaryotes. Eukaryotes move much faster than prokaryotes. Cell division is more complex in organisms with faster movement.
 A: (D)

[Assistant]
Q: Cell division is more complex in organisms with what?
Options:
- (A) Chemical energy
- (B) Earth orbiting the Sun
- (C) Electrical energy
- (D) faster movement
- (E) scarce resources
- (F) aerobic capacity
- (G) Localized damage
- (H) rapid expansion


[User]
Given the stream of consciousness rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Rationale: Cells are the basic units of the structure and function of living things. An organism is a living thing or something that was once alive. Cells are the basic units of the structure and function of organisms.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
What do cells make up of organisms?
Options:
- (A) structure only
- (B) function only
- (C) structure and function
- (D) members of their own species
- (E) Something that is self-aware
- (F) share properties
- (G) desires and needs
- (H) Most plants
The answer is (C)


[User]
Given the rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Step-by-step reasoning process: DNA is found in chromosomes. Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of a cell. DNA is found in the nucleus of a cell.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
Dna is found where in a cell?
Options:
- (A) mitochondria
- (B) complex
- (C) alveoli
- (D) membrane
- (E) plants
- (F) infected
- (G) cytoplasm
- (H) nucleus
The answer is (H)


[User]
Given the following reasoning and answer, what was the question? Electron transport is the final stage of aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration occurs only in the presence of oxygen. Electron transport occurs only in the presence of oxygen.
 The answer: (D)

[Assistant]
The question Electron transport requires which of the following?
Options:
- (A) electron microscope
- (B) sodium
- (C) Energy.
- (D) Oxygen
- (E) fission
- (F) warmth
- (G) flagellum
- (H) Energy


[User]
Line 1: *Some parasites kill their host, but most do not. Pathogens induce a disease in their host. Some parasites that kill are called pathogens, but most do not.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *A parasites that can kill is called what?
Options:
- (A) bacteria
- (B) a carcinogen
- (C) A Greek letter
- (D) a pathogens
- (E) animals
- (F) an infection
- (G) insects
- (H) dangerous*
Logic of a solution: *Amphibians are the first true tetrapods, or vertebrates with four limbs. Frogs are classified as amphibians. Frogs are tetrapods.*
*(C)*
The original question: *_ are tetrapods.
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) amoeba
- (C) Frogs
- (D) Length
- (E) insects
- (F) Spiders
- (G) Snakes
- (H) Birds*
Line 1: *Fungi lack chlorophyll, so they cannot make food by photosynthesis as plants can. Solar energy is absorbed by chlorophyll. Fungi cannot absorb solar energy and cannot make food by photosynthesis as plants can.*
*(E)*
Line 2: *What can use photosynthesis?
Options:
- (A) fungi
- (B) grass
- (C) fish
- (D) vegetation
- (E) flowers
- (F) vertebrates
- (G) plant life
- (H) plants*
Logic of a solution: *Algae have varied life cycles. Some, such as the green algae, are plants. Some plants have varied life cycles.*
*(F)*
The original question: *What have varied life cycles?
Options:
- (A) bacteria
- (B) fungi
- (C) Variety.
- (D) Cycles.
- (E) plants
- (F) Plants.
- (G) insects
- (H) Life of air.*
Line 1: *Fish have a circulatory system with a two-chambered heart. Fish species include salmon and trout. Salmon and trout have a circulatory system with a two-chambered heart.*
*(B)*
Line 2: *What has circulatory system with a two-chambered heart?
Options:
- (A) sharks
- (B) trout
- (C) pan
- (D) toads
- (E) Birds
- (F) animals
- (G) mammals
- (H) Man*
Line 1: *All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Catalysts lower the activation energy. A catalyst can lower the energy cost of a chemical reaction.*
*(B)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*In what way does a catalyst help in chemical reactions?
Options:
- (A) Generating heat
- (B) lowered energy cost
- (C) metabolic reaction
- (D) heating liquids
- (E) by making heat
- (F) adding heat
- (G) increases a body's strength
- (H) preventing heat transfer*


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Heterotrophs get food by eating other living things. Great egrets are heterotrophs . Great egrets get food by eating other livings things.
 A: (B)

[Assistant]
Q: Great egrets get food by doing what?
Options:
- (A) sleeping
- (B) eating other living things
- (C) Transfers energy
- (D) converting mass to energy
- (E) Something coming from a gland
- (F) photosynthesis
- (G) dying
- (H) competing for resources


[User]
Stream of consciousness rationale: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. Chimneys top some hydrothermal vents. Organisms cluster around chimneys in the ocean floor.
The question and answer pair are described below.

[Assistant]
Q: What do organisms cluster around in the ocean floor?
Options:
- (A) kalenchoes
- (B) ferns
- (C) bacteria
- (D) Chimneys
- (E) an object
- (F) alveoli
- (G) graptolites
- (H) allow growth
A: (D)


[User]
What was the question for this implicit rationale, and corresponding answer?
Annelids have the amazing capacity to regrow segments that break off. Annelids include earthworms and leeches. Earthworms have the ability to regrow segments that break off.
 The answer: (F)

[Assistant]
The question: What animal can regrow middle segments when broken?
Options:
- (A) amoeba
- (B) geckos
- (C) humans
- (D) insects
- (E) Wasps
- (F) worms
- (G) toads
- (H) snakes


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Many corals secrete an exoskeleton that builds up to become a coral reef. An atoll is the third type of reef. Atolls are built by corals secreting an exoskeleton.*
*(B)*
The original question: *How are atolls built?
Options:
- (A) important habitats
- (B) By coral exoskeletons
- (C) by fish
- (D) with machines
- (E) by a type of eel
- (F) It used to be covered by water
- (G) The area was once underwater
- (H) reusing materials*
Line 1: *Lung cancer is most often caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. Many patients with lung cancer also have emphysema. Enphysema is often caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.*
*(F)*
Line 2: *Emphysema is often cause by exposure to:
Options:
- (A) high temperature
- (B) fog
- (C) Greenhouse gasses
- (D) rays or beams
- (E) hot steam
- (F) tobacco smoke
- (G) Pollution
- (H) incendiary people*
Logic of a solution: *Petals attract pollinators to the flower. Kiwifruit flowers are pollinated by bees. Petals attract bees to flowers.*
*(D)*
The original question: *Petals attract animals such as bees to what part of a producer?
Options:
- (A) orchids
- (B) stem
- (C) buds
- (D) flowers
- (E) seeds
- (F) plants
- (G) vegetation
- (H) leaves*
Line 1: *Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. Botulism affects the nervous system. Botulism affects neurons.*
*(F)*
Line 2: *Which of the following affects neurons?
Options:
- (A) nerves
- (B) voltage
- (C) Dehydration
- (D) electrically
- (E) heat
- (F) Botulism
- (G) fever
- (H) temperature*
Logic of a solution: *Some viruses can cause cancer. Skin cancer can kill. Some viruses can kill.*
*(H)*
The original question: *Some viruses can what?
Options:
- (A) fret
- (B) harm
- (C) damage
- (D) grow
- (E) expand
- (F) discover
- (G) visit
- (H) kill*
Logic of a solution: *Most invertebrates have a nervous system. Insects are the most common invertebrates. Insects have a nervous system.*
*(H)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*What has a nervous system?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) tortoises
- (C) crocodiles
- (D) sponges
- (E) elephants
- (F) placozoans
- (G) mesozoans
- (H) insects*


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Ethanol is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants. Glucose, a type of sugar, is the body's fuel. Ethanol is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the sugar in corn or other plants.
 A: (B)

[Assistant]
Q: What is ethanol produced from?
Options:
- (A) coal
- (B) sugar
- (C) SO2
- (D) animal fat
- (E) paper
- (F) salts
- (G) Trees
- (H) Oak


[User]
Ques and Ans: Nitrogen depletion is a condition of some:
Options:
- (A) bushes
- (B) humans
- (C) animals
- (D) soils
- (E) disease
- (F) legumes
- (G) mammals
- (H) Birds
(D)
Logic for the answer: Soil can be depleted of nutrients. An important nutrient commonly added to soil is nitrogen. Soil can be depleted of nitrogen.

Ques and Ans: What is needed for changes to occur?
Options:
- (A) exercise
- (B) mutations
- (C) growth
- (D) healthy animals
- (E) environment
- (F) evaporation
- (G) Exfoliation
- (H) births
(B)
Logic for the answer: Mutations are essential for evolution to occur. Evolution Change through time. Mutations are essential for changes to occur.

Ques and Ans: Where can cells bound by antibodies more likely be found?
Options:
- (A) critical organs
- (B) colder and wetter
- (C) the environment
- (D) Earth orbiting the Sun
- (E) Veins and arteries.
- (F) epidermis and dermis
- (G) on cancer cells
- (H) the skin
(G)
Logic for the answer: Antigens are found on cancer cells and the cells of transplanted organs. Antibodies bound to antigen are then measured by RCAT-based amplification of the associated DNA tag. Cells bound by antibodies can be found on cancer cells and the cells of transplanted organs.

Ques and Ans: Most people can survive only a few days without what?
Options:
- (A) carbon dioxide
- (B) oxygen
- (C) h2o
- (D) H20
- (E) NaCl
- (F) CO2
- (G) soda
- (H) urea
(D)
Logic for the answer:

[Assistant] Most people can survive only a few days without water. Water is everywhere H20. Most people can survive only a few days without H20.


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Mammals generate heat mainly by keeping their metabolic rate high. And resting metabolic rate is a big contributor to calories burning. Mammals generate heat mainly by burning calories.*
*(E)*
The original question: *Mammals generate heat mainly by what?
Options:
- (A) hugging mammals
- (B) calorie counting
- (C) with their fur
- (D) energy of moving objects
- (E) burning calories
- (F) sweating
- (G) selling fur coats
- (H) flow of electrons*
Line 1: *Female gametophytes produce eggs inside the ovaries of flowers. Gametophytes are the parent of the baby fern. Female flower parents produce eggs inside the ovaries of flowers.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What is produced by female flower parents in the ovaries?
Options:
- (A) seeds
- (B) pollen
- (C) sugar
- (D) abcess
- (E) honey
- (F) H 2 O
- (G) eggs
- (H) nectar*
Logic of a solution: *Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during cell division. Mitosis is cell division. Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during mitosis.*
*(A)*
The original question: *What are the form of the genetic material of a cell during mitosis?
Options:
- (A) chromosomes
- (B) graptolites
- (C) fur and fat
- (D) peachleaf willow
- (E) pollen
- (F) Leptospirosis
- (G) animals
- (H) it can be seen*
Line 1: *Viruses cannot reproduce by themselves. Influenza is a disease caused by viruses. Influenza is a disease that cannot reproduce by itself.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *Which of these diseases cannot reproduce by itself?
Options:
- (A) fever
- (B) Leptospirosis
- (C) animals
- (D) influenza
- (E) bacteria
- (F) heat or cold
- (G) dangerous
- (H) anemia*
Logic of a solution: *Mammals have a layer of fat under the skin to help insulate the body. If it has hair it is a mammal. An organism with hair has a layer of fat under the skin to help insulate the body.*
*(A)*
The original question: *What does a hairy organism have under its skin to help insulate the body?
Options:
- (A) fat
- (B) hair
- (C) food
- (D) cell
- (E) nerves
- (F) coat
- (G) fur
- (H) marrow*
Logic of a solution: *Amphibians are the first true tetrapods, or vertebrates with four limbs. All vertebrates more advanced than fish have four limbs, each with up to five fingers or toes. Amphibians with four limbs are more advanced than fish.*
*(E)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*Amphibians with what are more advanced than fish?
Options:
- (A) four eyes
- (B) sensory neurons
- (C) rapid expansion
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) four limbs
- (F) kinetic energy
- (G) tails
- (H) many limbs*


[User]
Consider the question. What size are cells?
Options:
- (A) either huge or tiny
- (B) non existent
- (C) dense
- (D) large
- (E) white
- (F) tiny
- (G) dead
- (H) albino
 If the answer is '(F)'; explain the reasoning:

[Assistant] Cells vary in size as well as shape, but all cells are very small. Atoms are tiny particles that are too small to see. Cells vary in size as well as shape, but all cells are very tiny.


[User] Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify this answer: (E)

[Assistant]
The question is: What is used as energy by most organisms?
Options:
- (A) sodium
- (B) water
- (C) energy.
- (D) food
- (E) sugar
- (F) Energy
- (G) solutes
- (H) light
Step-by-step reasoning process: Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. For instance, glucose is a sugar. Sugar is used for energy by the cells of most organisms.


[User]
Line 1: *Phytoplankton are bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food. Most copepods feed on phytoplankton. Most copepods feed on bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *Most _ feed on bacteria and algae that use sunlight to make food.
Options:
- (A) Energy
- (B) Lobsters
- (C) Most plants
- (D) Seaweed
- (E) Starfish
- (F) plant life
- (G) Copepods
- (H) energy usage*
Logic of a solution: *Populations of viruses do not grow through cell division because they are not cells. Where most viruses are DNA, HIV is an RNA virus. Populations of HIV do not grow through cell division because they are not cells.*
*(F)*
The original question: *What does not grow through cell division?
Options:
- (A) p53
- (B) AIDS
- (C) host
- (D) DDT
- (E) lung
- (F) HIV
- (G) corn
- (H) HPV*
Line 1: *Dilation occurs when cell walls relax. Blood flow is improved by vitamin E and it causes blood vessels to dilate or expand. When cell walls relax, they expand.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What happens when cell walls relax?
Options:
- (A) evaporation
- (B) permineralization
- (C) preventing heat transfer
- (D) allow growth
- (E) it keeps an organism warm
- (F) air cools
- (G) Cell walls expand
- (H) heat produced*
Logic of a solution: *Playing is just one of many ways that mammals and other animals learn how to behave. Children learn through play and in other ways. Children and animals learn in many ways.*
*(E)*
The original question: *How do children learn?
Options:
- (A) reusing materials
- (B) allow growth
- (C) by lying
- (D) Riding a bike
- (E) in many ways
- (F) exercise
- (G) by sleeping
- (H) just one way*
Line 1: *Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. Blood Sugar Glucose is sugar. Sugar is used for energy for the cells of most organisms.*
*(A)*
Line 2: *What is used for energy in most cells?
Options:
- (A) sugar
- (B) sodium
- (C) muscle
- (D) maples
- (E) calcium
- (F) food
- (G) silicon
- (H) Energy*
Line 1: *Roundworms make up the phylum Nematoda. Nematodes are simple roundworms. Nematodes are in the phylum Nematoda.*
*(H)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*What phylum are nematodes in?
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) ferns
- (C) parasites
- (D) Epidermis
- (E) white
- (F) insects
- (G) graptolites
- (H) Nematoda*


[User]
Solution idea: Most protists have motility. Protists Protists are single-celled organisms. Most single-celled organisms are motile.
Q: What is one thing most single-celled organisms have in common?
Options:
- (A) Energy
- (B) glucose
- (C) bacteria
- (D) motility
- (E) Energy.
- (F) heat energy
- (G) resistance
- (H) warmth
A: (D)

Solution idea: Playing is one way mammals and other animals learn how to behave. Second stage, learn how to behave assertively. Playing is one way mammals and other animals learn how to be assertive.
Q: How do animals learn how to be assertive?
Options:
- (A) lectures from their parent
- (B) instinct
- (C) Movement
- (D) playing
- (E) being killed
- (F) ligt
- (G) sweating
- (H) exercise
A: (D)

Solution idea: Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich soil. Earth stands for soil, dust or ground. Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich earth.
Q: An earthworm is an important
Options:
- (A) allow growth
- (B) cleaner for earth
- (C) Plant reproduction
- (D) more abundant
- (E) parasite
- (F) Something that makes plants green
- (G) predator
- (H) deposit feeder for earth
A: (H)

Solution idea: Viruses contain DNA but not much else. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleicacid. Viruses contain Deoxyribonucleicacid but not much else.

[Assistant]
Q: What do viruses contain?
Options:
- (A) electromagnetic energy
- (B) light energy
- (C) resistance
- (D) contamination
- (E) Deoxyribonucleicacid
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) harmful substances
- (H) Leptospirosis
A: (E)


[User] Imagine a question and stream-of-consciousness explanation for which this is the answer: (B)

[Assistant]
Question: Where are roundworms useful in an ecosystem?
Options:
- (A) killing animals
- (B) soils
- (C) fields
- (D) bacteria
- (E) eating plants
- (F) wetland
- (G) food
- (H) alveoli
Stream-of-consciousness: Roundworms make up the phylum Nematoda. Also, nematoda and rotifera are important groups contributing to soils. Roundworms make important contributions to soils.


[User] Reconstruct a question, answer pair from this explanation: Ribosomes are small organelles where proteins are made. Many antibiotics affect the ribosome. Many antibiotics affect the small organelles where proteins are made.

[Assistant]
Q:What can affect the small organelles where proteins are made?
Options:
- (A) Allergies
- (B) Smoking
- (C) harm them
- (D) pizza
- (E) antibiotics
- (F) adding heat
- (G) beef
- (H) carbohydrates
A:(E)


[User]
Explain simply why (D) is the correct answer to: All chemical reactions require a form of what to get started?
Options:
- (A) oxygen
- (B) celestial measurement
- (C) gas
- (D) heat
- (E) UV
- (F) charge
- (G) Light
- (H) scientific expression. Explanation:

[Assistant] All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Basically, heat is energy. All chemical reactions require heat to get started.


[User]
Consider the question. Biodiversity increases the what of islands?
Options:
- (A) water source
- (B) stability
- (C) Plants growth
- (D) our planet
- (E) luminescence
- (F) environment
- (G) human population
- (H) allow growth
 What is the step-by-step reasoning process to arrive at the answer: (B)?

[Assistant] Biodiversity increases the productivity and stability of ecosystems. Islands are delicately balanced ecosystems. Biodiversity increases the stability and productivity of islands.


[User]
Given the following reasoning and answer, what was the question? Wetlands are extremely important biomes. Biomes are global ecosystems. Wetlands are extremely important ecosystems.
 The answer: (H)

[Assistant]
The question Wetlands are a very important type of what?
Options:
- (A) forest land
- (B) allow growth
- (C) Plants growth
- (D) swamp
- (E) storing water
- (F) district
- (G) animals
- (H) ecosystem


[User] Reconstruct a question, answer pair from this explanation: Most protists have motility. Protists Protists are single-celled organisms. Most single-celled organisms are motile.

[Assistant]
Q:What is one thing most single-celled organisms have in common?
Options:
- (A) Energy
- (B) glucose
- (C) bacteria
- (D) motility
- (E) Energy.
- (F) heat energy
- (G) resistance
- (H) warmth
A:(D)


[User]
Given the stream of consciousness rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Rationale: Hair is a fiber that is found only in mammals. All mammals have fur or hair. Fur is a fiber that is found only in mammals.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
Fur is a fiber that is found only on what kind of animal?
Options:
- (A) animals
- (B) reptiles
- (C) bird
- (D) humans
- (E) mammals
- (F) insects
- (G) goats
- (H) Animal fur
The answer is (E)


[User]
Ques and Ans: What are the key cells in an allergy attack?
Options:
- (A) layers of fat
- (B) Lymphocytes.
- (C) fur and fat
- (D) bone cells
- (E) muscle cells
- (F) the skin
- (G) Red blood cells
- (H) animals
(B)
Logic chain: Lymphocytes are the key cells involved in the immune response. An allergy attack is an immunal response. Lymphocytes are the key cells involved in an allergy attack.

Ques and Ans: What is a positive effect of plant needs for water and minerals from soil?
Options:
- (A) erosion prevention
- (B) reducing acid rain
- (C) It helps them survive
- (D) agriculture
- (E) nutrient deficiency
- (F) water run-off
- (G) erosion
- (H) Exfoliation
(A)
Logic chain: Most plants grow roots down into the soil to absorb water and minerals. Plant roots begin to stabilize the soil against erosion. The need for plants to absorb minerals and water from the soil also leads to them preventing soil erosion.

Ques and Ans: What is one thing organic compounds can be broken down by?
Options:
- (A) glucose
- (B) chemicals
- (C) trees
- (D) Cooking
- (E) oxygen
- (F) plants
- (G) Acids
- (H) bacteria
(F)
Logic chain: Most fungi get organic compounds from dead organisms. Bacteria, fungi and plants can be used to break down organic compounds or extract metals. Organic compounds are broken down by plants.

Ques and Ans: What is sugar stored as by the body?
Options:
- (A) heat energy
- (B) sun's heat
- (C) A drug.
- (D) A kernel
- (E) energy
- (F) glycogen
- (G) lmestone
- (H) Hemoglobin
(F)
Logic chain:

[Assistant] Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. Glucose, the sugar the body uses for fuel, is stored as glycogen. Sugar is used for energry by the body is stored as glycogen.


[User] Creatively image a question and justification for this answer: (C)

[Assistant]
The question is: Viruses are so small that to see them a scientist would have to use what kind of lens?
Options:
- (A) Refract it
- (B) refraction of light
- (C) an electron lens
- (D) an image
- (E) rays or beams
- (F) bending light rays
- (G) A computer
- (H) flashlights
Step-by-step reasoning process: Viruses are so small that they can be seen only with an electron microscope. On the surface of each microscopic color filter is also a microscopic lens. Viruses are so small that they can be seen only with an electron lens.


[User]
Given the following reasoning and answer, what was the question? Ethanol is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants. Ethanol is a grain alcohol. Grain alcohol is produced by fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants.
 The answer: (D)

[Assistant]
The question What is produced by the fermentation in corn and other plants?
Options:
- (A) carbon dioxide
- (B) white vinegar
- (C) gasoline
- (D) grain alcohol
- (E) glucose
- (F) vinegar
- (G) Organic compounds
- (H) chlorofluorocarbons


[User] Creatively image a question and justification for this answer: (B)

[Assistant]
The question is: What is something missing in starfish?
Options:
- (A) the body's largest organ
- (B) centralized nervous system
- (C) characteristics
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) permineralization
- (F) biological diversity
- (G) kinetic energy
- (H) A compound that donates proton
Step-by-step reasoning process: Echinoderms lack a centralized nervous system. Echinoderms are represented by the starfish. Starfish lack a centralized nervous system.


[User] Sweat wets the skin, and when it evaporates, it cools the body. Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas. Sweat cools the body when it turns into a gas.is the reasoning for what question and answer pair?

[Assistant]
Q: Sweat cools the body when it
Options:
- (A) Movement of an air mass
- (B) dry conditions
- (C) heat produced
- (D) Decreased precipitation
- (E) hydration
- (F) It expands
- (G) the environment
- (H) turns into a gas
A: (H)


[User] Come up with a question and stream of consciousness reasoning that would justify this answer: (C)

[Assistant]
The question is: Chromosomes contain genes, which code for
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) Plants growth
- (C) body tissue
- (D) Animal survival
- (E) animals
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) peachleaf willow
- (H) A Greek letter
Stream of consciousness: Chromosomes contain genes, which code for proteins. Protein builds and repairs body tissue. Chromosomes contain genes, which code for body tissue.


[User]
Solution idea: Cells are the basic units of the structure and function of living things. An organism is a living thing. Cells are the basic units of the structure and function of an organism.
Q: What are cells the basic units of the structure and function of?
Options:
- (A) humans
- (B) Most plants
- (C) animals
- (D) Cell service
- (E) Organisms
- (F) mammals
- (G) Lego cells
- (H) Buildings
A: (E)

Solution idea: Viruses are not cells. Viruses Viruses are the smallest agents of disease. The smallest agents of disease are not cells.
Q: Cells do not include
Options:
- (A) harmful substances
- (B) sulfate particles
- (C) the smallest agent of disease
- (D) direct damage to the lungs
- (E) sub-units of species
- (F) Inches or fractions of inches.
- (G) Something with a head, thorax, and abdomen
- (H) Direct sunlight.
A: (C)

Solution idea: Most plants grow roots down into the soil to absorb water and minerals. Beets and carrots are the roots of plants. Most carrots grow down into the soil to absorb water and minerals.
Q: What grows into the soil to absorb water and minerals?
Options:
- (A) NaCl
- (B) vegetation
- (C) burrs
- (D) Trees
- (E) grass
- (F) Carrots
- (G) Conifers
- (H) potatoes
A: (F)

Solution idea: DNA is found in chromosomes. Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of a cell. DNA is found in the nucleus of a cell.

[Assistant]
Q: Dna is found where in a cell?
Options:
- (A) mitochondria
- (B) complex
- (C) alveoli
- (D) membrane
- (E) plants
- (F) infected
- (G) cytoplasm
- (H) nucleus
A: (H)


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Some parasites kill their host, but most do not. Parasites are organisms which live off a host. Some organisms which live off a host kill it, but most do not.
 A: (H)

[Assistant]
Q: Some what which live off a host kill it, but most do not?
Options:
- (A) offspring
- (B) pets
- (C) poisons
- (D) fungi
- (E) Leptospirosis
- (F) bacteria
- (G) animals
- (H) organisms


[User] Come up with a question and stream of consciousness reasoning that would justify this answer: (B)

[Assistant]
The question is: To learn more about the average weather, it is essential to:
Options:
- (A) staying warm
- (B) observe it
- (C) argue about it
- (D) ignore it
- (E) survive
- (F) temperature
- (G) A computer
- (H) write about it
Stream of consciousness: Climate is the average weather in an area over a long period of time. Along with simulating the climate, it is crucial to observe the climate. It is essential to observe the average weather in one place over time.


[User] Creatively image a question and justification for this answer: (F)

[Assistant]
The question is: How is survival ensured around hydrothermal vents?
Options:
- (A) heat produced
- (B) Eating a lot
- (C) Reproducing quickly
- (D) biological diversity
- (E) vegetation
- (F) Being in a cluster
- (G) Staying far apart
- (H) hydrate their cells
Step-by-step reasoning process: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. To survive, some organisms living near hydrothermal vents have formed close associations. Clusters form around hydrothermal vents to ensure survival.


[User]
Chain-of-thought: Biodiversity increases the productivity and stability of ecosystems. Marine ecosystems also act as stabilizers of global systems especially our climate. Biodiversity increases the productivity and stability of the entire global system.
Q: What increases the productivity and stability of the entire global system?
Options:
- (A) important habitats
- (B) Plants growth
- (C) solar system
- (D) animals
- (E) biodiversity
- (F) environment
- (G) bottlenecks
- (H) power stations
A: (E)
--
Chain-of-thought: Endospores are commonly found in soil and water. Endospore-forming bacteria produce a unique resting cell called an endospore . Bacterial resting cells are often found in soil and water.
Q: A type of resting cell from what type of organism is often found in soil and water?
Options:
- (A) fungi
- (B) creature
- (C) organic thing
- (D) entity
- (E) bacteria
- (F) lmestone
- (G) Most plants
- (H) vegetation
A: (E)
--
Chain-of-thought: Coral reefs provide food and shelter to many ocean organisms. Organisms or living beings are literally things that are alive. Coral reefs provide food and shelter to many ocean living beings.

[Assistant]
Q: Coral reefs provide what to many living beings in the ocean
Options:
- (A) Chemical energy
- (B) salt and water.
- (C) shelter and amusement
- (D) survival
- (E) important habitats
- (F) food and water
- (G) water and fun
- (H) food and shelter
A: (H)
--


[User]
Q: How long can antibodies protect the body?
Options:
- (A) As long as antibodies survive
- (B) Slowing the transfer of heat
- (C) For a set time
- (D) by keeping them warm
- (E) it protects them
- (F) Into elderly years
- (G) As long as the human survives
- (H) A compound that donates proton
A: (A)
Explain how we arrive at this answer:

[Assistant] Explanation: Passive immunity lasts only as long as the antibodies survive in body fluids. Antibodies are administered to the patient in a process called passive immunization. Antibodies are administered to patients for protection but it only helps as long as the antibodies survive in body fluids.


[User]
Ques and Ans: There are what who study how animals behave in their natural environment.
Options:
- (A) infants
- (B) heat or cold
- (C) insects
- (D) sensory neurons
- (E) scientists
- (F) people
- (G) humans
- (H) reptiles
(E)
Logic for the answer: Ethologists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment. Ethologists are scientists who study animals in their natural habitats. There are scientists who study how animals behave in their natural environment.

Ques and Ans: What can hpv cause?
Options:
- (A) a hazard
- (B) harm
- (C) cancer
- (D) sweating
- (E) heightened abilities
- (F) anemia
- (G) good health
- (H) comfort
(C)
Logic for the answer: Some viruses can cause cancer. Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is the name of a group of viruses. HPV can cause cancer.

Ques and Ans: Cancer and tumors are a result of specific types of:
Options:
- (A) organs
- (B) cigarettes
- (C) radiation
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) gene damage
- (F) rays or beams
- (G) Chemical energy
- (H) the skin
(E)
Logic for the answer: Cancer is a disease in which cells divide out of control. With specific types of gene damage, the cell starts dividing out of control, forming a tumor. Cancer and tumors are a result of specific types of gene damage.

Ques and Ans: Neurotransmitters and hormones are what in their function?
Options:
- (A) cells
- (B) organic
- (C) inorganic
- (D) complex
- (E) Vibrates
- (F) warm
- (G) properties
- (H) similar
(H)
Logic for the answer:

[Assistant] Hormones are chemical messengers that control many body functions. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the brain. Hormones and neurotransmitters behave in common ways.


[User]
Ans: (H)
Question: Protonemas develop into what?
Options:
- (A) alveoli
- (B) ferns
- (C) lmestone
- (D) disease
- (E) illness
- (F) parasites
- (G) gas
- (H) spores
CoT: Flowers produce spores that develop into gametophytes. Gametophytes arise from a protonema. Flowers produce spores from a protonema.

Ans: (E)
Question: Why do dogs play?
Options:
- (A) To keep their body heat.
- (B) To win a fight
- (C) it keeps an organism warm
- (D) increases a body's strength
- (E) To learn to behave
- (F) allow growth
- (G) To become dominant
- (H) To spend time alone
CoT: Playing is just one of many ways that mammals and other animals learn how to behave. Cats are Mammals that Shed Dogs are Mammals that Wag their tails. Playing is just one of many ways that dogs learn to behave.

Ans: (G)
Question: What can maintaining body position help you to do?
Options:
- (A) work
- (B) play
- (C) move
- (D) live
- (E) rest
- (F) Lift
- (G) ski
- (H) fly
CoT: Balance is the ability to sense and maintain body position. Balance is important in skiing and balance is important in life. In order to ski, it is necessary to maintain body position.

Ans: (A)

[Assistant]
Question: What can frogs, toads and salamanders use to smell and taste chemicals?
Options:
- (A) sense organs
- (B) Chemical energy
- (C) matter vibrating
- (D) larynx
- (E) Organic compounds
- (F) ocular organs
- (G) gills
- (H) harmful substances
CoT: Amphibians have sense organs to smell and taste chemicals. Frogs, toads and salamanders are amphibians. Frogs, toads, and salamanders have sense organs to smell and taste chemicals.


[User]
Line 1: *Lipids may consist of fatty acids alone, or they may contain other molecules as well. Lipids Lipids are also composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. Carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen can be combined with fatty acids.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What can fatty acids be combined with, in addition to carbon and oxygen?
Options:
- (A) Sodium
- (B) Energy.
- (C) glucose
- (D) Carbon Dioxide
- (E) Fuel cells
- (F) Uranium
- (G) Hydrogen
- (H) Energy*
--
Line 1: *Molecules of DNA are encoded with instructions that tell cells what to do. DNA encodes the information for protein sequences. Proteins tell cells what to do.*
*(B)*
Line 2: *What tells a cell what to do?
Options:
- (A) electricity
- (B) proteins
- (C) A computer
- (D) Energy
- (E) nerves
- (F) sweating
- (G) heat energy
- (H) Energy.*
--
Line 1: *Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. Echinoderms have a hydraulic system of locomotion called the water vascular system. Echinoderms have a hydraulic system of locomotion with tube feet.*
*(E)*
Line 2: *How do echinoderms use their feet to locomote themselves?
Options:
- (A) one at a time
- (B) to move people
- (C) running and lifting
- (D) protein channels
- (E) a hydraulic system
- (F) it needs them
- (G) undulations
- (H) It helps them survive*
--
Line 1: *Some viruses can cause cancer. Lung cancer is a formation of tumors in the lung. Some viruses result in the formation of malignant tumors.*
*(C)*
Line 2:

[Assistant]
*Which is the most likely cause of throat tumors?
Options:
- (A) cigars
- (B) Allergies
- (C) viruses
- (D) Pesticides
- (E) rocks
- (F) doctors
- (G) the skin
- (H) water*
--


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Mollusks have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood. Interestingly, a squid is also a mollusk. Squid have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood.
 A: (A)

[Assistant]
Q: An animal which may have one or two hearts to pump blood is:
Options:
- (A) squid
- (B) goats
- (C) bats
- (D) mammals
- (E) toads
- (F) Birds
- (G) edible
- (H) a fish


[User]
Given the stream of consciousness rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Rationale: Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. Each starfish arm is lined with tube feet. Starfish are echinoderms.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
What phylum do starfish belong to?
Options:
- (A) fertile
- (B) animals
- (C) Echinoderm.
- (D) Mollusca.
- (E) Sponge.
- (F) Absorb light
- (G) Annelid.
- (H) a fish
The answer is (C)


[User]
Logic of a solution: *Energy is passed up a food chain or web from lower to higher trophic levels. Plants are always at the bottom of the food chain or web. When consumed, energy is passed up from plants from lower to higher trophic levels.*
*(A)*
The original question: *At what trophic level is a plant?
Options:
- (A) lower trophic level
- (B) higher trophic level
- (C) the body's largest organ
- (D) vegetation
- (E) Something that is self-aware
- (F) it needs them
- (G) middle trophic level
- (H) highest trophic level*

Logic of a solution: *Organisms that live in marine biomes must be adapted to the salt in the water. Most of the water on the planet is salt water in the oceans. Organisms that live in marine biomes must be adapted to most of the water on the planet.*
*(A)*
The original question: *Organisms that live in marine biomes must be adapted to most of the what on the planet?
Options:
- (A) water
- (B) liquid
- (C) Light
- (D) Energy.
- (E) growth
- (F) Winter
- (G) energy
- (H) heat*

Logic of a solution: *Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. For instance, glucose is a sugar. Sugar is used for energy by the cells of most organisms.*
*(E)*
The original question:

[Assistant]
*What is used as energy by most organisms?
Options:
- (A) sodium
- (B) water
- (C) energy.
- (D) food
- (E) sugar
- (F) Energy
- (G) solutes
- (H) light*


[User]
For this chain-of-thought reasoning and answer, what was the question?
Reproduction is the process by which living things give rise to offspring. Most people want to have children who are the biological offspring of both parents. Reproduction is the process by which living things produce children.
 A: (H)

[Assistant]
Q: What comes from reproduction?
Options:
- (A) babies
- (B) protein
- (C) pollution
- (D) dead cells
- (E) Energy
- (F) seeds
- (G) Most plants
- (H) children


[User] Glucose is used for energy by the cells of most organisms. Food is converted into glucose. Food is used for energy by most organisms.is the reasoning for what question and answer pair?

[Assistant]
Q: What uses food for energy?
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) no organisms
- (C) agriculture
- (D) the Moon
- (E) animals
- (F) athletes
- (G) most organisms
- (H) the Sun
A: (G)


[User]
Given the rationale, provide a reasonable question and answer. Step-by-step reasoning process: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. An organism is a living thing. Prokaryotes are single celled living things that lack a nucleus.
 The question and answer:

[Assistant]
Prokaryotes are single celled living things in the animal kingdom that don't have a what?
Options:
- (A) epidermal
- (B) genus
- (C) complex
- (D) extinction
- (E) food
- (F) nucleus
- (G) properties
- (H) alleles
The answer is (F)


[User]
Consider the question. What phylum are nematodes in?
Options:
- (A) Most plants
- (B) ferns
- (C) parasites
- (D) Epidermis
- (E) white
- (F) insects
- (G) graptolites
- (H) Nematoda
 What is the step-by-step reasoning process to arrive at the answer: (H)?

[Assistant] Roundworms make up the phylum Nematoda. Nematodes are simple roundworms. Nematodes are in the phylum Nematoda.