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### Instruction:
Is routine use of a transanastomotic stent unnecessary for hepatojejunostomy in liver transplantation?
### Response:
| The routine use of transanastomotic stents is not necessary for RYHJ for biliary reconstruction in LT. |
### Instruction:
Is a strategy to reduce illicit drug use effective in elite Australian football?
### Response:
| An illicit drugs programme using a harm minimisation strategy can work effectively alongside a sport's WADA compliant Anti-Doping Code. |
### Instruction:
Does ghrelin signaling in the ventral hippocampus stimulate learned and motivational aspects of feeding via PI3K-Akt signaling?
### Response:
| These findings illuminate novel neuronal and behavioral mechanisms mediating ghrelinergic control of cognitive aspects of feeding control. |
### Instruction:
Is sex bias occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Poly7 molecular subclass associated with EGFR?
### Response:
| Sex bias occurrence of HCC associated with EGFR was confirmed in experimental animals using the SB transposon system in a reverse genetic approach. This study provides evidence for the role of EGFR in sex bias occurrences of liver cancer and as the driver mutational gene in the Poly7 molecular subclass of human HCC. |
### Instruction:
Does coronary bifurcation angle from 3-D predict clinical outcomes after stenting bifurcation lesions?
### Response:
| Two-stent technique was associated with significant reduction of distal BA. DK crush stenting had reduced rate of MACE in patients in < 60° group, compared to one-stent technique. |
### Instruction:
Do eye masks and earplugs improve patient 's perception of sleep?
### Response:
| The intervention group identified earplugs (22%) and eye masks (28%) as factors promoting sleep. It appears that simple interventions such as eye masks and earplugs may be a valuable addition to patients attempting to sleep in a critical care unit. |
### Instruction:
Do most individuals with treated blood pressures above target receive only one or two antihypertensive drug classes?
### Response:
| Most individuals with treated blood pressures above target receive only one or two antihypertensive drug classes. Prescribing additional antihypertensive drug classes and lifestyle modification may improve blood pressure control in this population of individuals at increased cardiovascular risk. |
### Instruction:
Does local ASIC3 modulate pain and disease progression in a rat model of osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Local ASIC3 immunoreactive nerve is strongly associated with weight-bearing pain and secondary hyperalgesia in MIA-induced OA model. APETx2 inhibited ASIC3 upregulation in knee joint afferents regardless of the time-point of administration. Furthermore, early administration of APETx2 prevented cartilage damage. APETx2 is a novel, promising drug for OA by relieving pain and inhibiting disease progression. |
### Instruction:
Does diabetes mellitus abrogate the cardioprotection of sufentanil against ischaemia/reperfusion injury by altering glycogen synthase kinase-3β?
### Response:
| Sufentanil treatment was ineffective in preventing against ischaemia/reperfusion in diabetic rats, which is associated with the activation of GSK-3β. Our results also suggest that direct inhibition of GSK-3β may provide a strategy to protect diabetic hearts against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. |
### Instruction:
Is p63 cytoplasmic aberrance associated with high prostate cancer stem cell expression?
### Response:
| p63 cytoplasmic aberrance is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression. These components are suggested to have an important role in prostate cancer progression and may be used as molecular markers. |
### Instruction:
Does stimulation of sub-sonic vibration promote the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural cells?
### Response:
| These results demonstrated that SSV affects AT-MSCs differentiation potential and 30 Hz SSV affected neural differentiation on AT-MSCs. |
### Instruction:
Does dopaminergic system in CA1 modulate MK-801 induced anxiolytic-like responses?
### Response:
| Our results suggested a modulatory effect of the CA1 dopaminergic system on the anxiolytic-like effects induced by MK801. |
### Instruction:
Does a perioperative infusion of sodium bicarbonate improve renal function in cardiac surgery patients : a prospective observational cohort study?
### Response:
| Routine perioperative administration of sodium bicarbonate failed to improve postoperative renal function in a large population of cardiac surgical patients. |
### Instruction:
Are cortical sources of resting-state EEG rhythms abnormal in naïve HIV subjects?
### Response:
| The present results suggest that topography and frequency of the cortical sources of resting-state EEG rhythms can distinguish groups of HIV and control subjects. |
### Instruction:
Do nurses in low resource settings save mothers ' lives with non-pneumatic anti-shock garment?
### Response:
| In low-resource settings nurses have few resources with which to stabilize women with severe PPH. With training nurses and nurse-midwives can stabilize hemorrhaging women with the NASG, a low-technology first-aid device that shows promise for reducing blood loss, rates of hysterectomy, and mortality. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical outcomes of neonatal onset proximal versus distal urea cycle disorders differ?
### Response:
| Neurocognitive outcomes do not differ between patients with proximal UCDs and those with distal UCDs. Factors other than hyperammonemia may contribute to poor neurocognitive outcome in the distal UCDs. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel aptamer targeting TGF-β receptor II inhibit transdifferentiation of human tenon 's fibroblasts into myofibroblast?
### Response:
| Our study revealed that a novel aptamer binding TβRII inhibited TGF-β2-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in HTFs. |
### Instruction:
Are balance confidence and functional balance associated with physical disability after hip fracture?
### Response:
| Decreased balance confidence and impaired functional balance are associated with physical disability in older people after hip fracture. |
### Instruction:
Are signatures of balancing selection maintained at disease resistance loci following mating system evolution and a population bottleneck in the genus Capsella?
### Response:
| Historical or ongoing balancing selection on plant disease resistance genes is a likely contributor to the retention of ancestral polymorphism in some regions of the bottlenecked Capella rubella genome. |
### Instruction:
Is cold-activated brown adipose tissue an independent predictor of higher bone mineral density in women?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated higher BMD among healthy women with more abundant BAT, independent of age and other body compositional parameters. This was not observed in men. The data suggest that brown adipogenesis may be physiologically related to modulation of bone density. |
### Instruction:
Does persistence of disseminated tumor cells after neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced breast cancer predict poor survival?
### Response:
| Presence of DTCs after NACT indicated high risk for relapse and death, irrespective of the DTC-status before treatment. The results supports the potential use of DTC analysis as a monitoring tool during follow up, for selection of patients to secondary treatment intervention within clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Does improvement in nutritional status reduce the clinical impact of infections in older adults?
### Response:
| Improving dietary intake and micronutrient status reduces the clinical impact of self-reported infections in older adults. |
### Instruction:
Do additional cross-sectional transesophageal echocardiography views improve perioperative right heart assessment?
### Response:
| The additional TEE views focusing on the right heart can be acquired as reliably as standard views. Incorporating three of them into the standard TEE examination improves comprehensive assessment of the right heart. |
### Instruction:
Do medical students benefit from the use of ultrasound when learning peripheral IV techniques?
### Response:
| Medical students feel they learn more when using ultrasound after a 20-min tutorial to place IVs and cannulation of the vein feels easier. Success rates are comparable between the traditional and ultrasound teaching approaches. |
### Instruction:
Does gene-expression profiling of microdissected breast cancer microvasculature identify distinct tumor vascular subtypes?
### Response:
| Our results further support a role for tumor microvasculature in determining disease progression. Overall, this study provides a deeper molecular understanding of the heterogeneity existing within the breast tumor vasculature and opens new avenues toward the improved design and targeting of antiangiogenic therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does acute exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoke induce changes in the oxidative and inflammatory markers in mouse lung?
### Response:
| Results of cigarette smoking confirmed previous finding. Waterpipe results indicate that, similar to cigarettes, exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoke is harmful to the lungs. |
### Instruction:
Is community-based Argentine tango dance program associated with increased activity participation among individuals with Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| Individuals with PD who participated in a community-based Argentine tango class reported increased participation in complex daily activities, recovery of activities lost since the onset of PD, and engagement in new activities. Incorporating dance into the clinical management of PD may benefit participation and subsequently quality of life for this population. |
### Instruction:
Is endoscopic resection of upper neck masses via retroauricular approach feasible with excellent cosmetic outcomes?
### Response:
| Endoscopic resection using the retroauricular approach is feasible for various benign upper neck masses when conducted by an experienced endoscopic surgeon, with excellent cosmetic results. |
### Instruction:
Do the PRRT2 mutation c.649dupC is the so far most frequent cause of benign familial infantile convulsions?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that the PRRT2 mutation c.649dupC is a frequent cause of benign familial infantile convulsions. |
### Instruction:
Does influence of resin cement on cuspal deflection and fracture load of endodontically-treated teeth restored with composite inlays?
### Response:
| Composite resin inlays luted with resin cements do not recover the strength of sound teeth. However, teeth restored with composite resin inlays and luted with RelyX ARC can withstand mechanical fatigue longer before failure occurs than those luted with RelyX Unicem and Maxcem Elite. |
### Instruction:
Does a single supratherapeutic dose of ridaforolimus prolong the QTc interval in patients with advanced cancer?
### Response:
| Administration of the single 100-mg dose of ridaforolimus did not cause a clinically meaningful prolongation of QTcF, suggesting that patients treated with ridaforolimus have a low likelihood of delayed ventricular repolarization. |
### Instruction:
Does intrathecal oxytocin inhibit visceromotor reflex and spinal neuronal responses to noxious distention of the rat urinary bladder?
### Response:
| These results argue that intrathecal OXY produces an OXY receptor-specific antinociception to noxious UBD, with part of this effect due to inhibition of spinal dorsal horn neurons. To our knowledge, these studies provide the first evidence that intrathecal OXY may be an effective pharmacological treatment for visceral pain. |
### Instruction:
Does jAK inhibition with tofacitinib suppress arthritic joint structural damage through decreased RANKL production?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib suppresses osteoclast-mediated structural damage to arthritic joints, and this effect is secondary to decreased RANKL production. |
### Instruction:
Do aneurysms increase the risk of rebleeding after stereotactic radiosurgery for hemorrhagic arteriovenous malformations?
### Response:
| When an aneurysm is identified in patients with arteriovenous malformations selected for SRS, additional endovascular or surgical strategies should be considered to reduce the risk of bleeding during the latency interval. |
### Instruction:
Does pravastatin prevent antiphospholipid antibody-mediated changes in human first trimester trophoblast function?
### Response:
| Pravastatin does not prevent the effects of aPL on human first trimester trophoblast cell function. |
### Instruction:
Are genetic variants associated with myocardial infarction in the PSMA6 gene and Chr9p21 also associated with ischaemic stroke?
### Response:
| Our results provide evidence that chromosome 9p21 variants are associated with cardioembolic ischaemic stroke in Caucasians and with overall ischaemic stroke in African Americans. The PSMA6 variant rs1048990 also appears to affect susceptibility to ischaemic stroke in both populations. These findings require validation, particularly the preliminary findings regarding African Americans given the small size of that series. |
### Instruction:
Does degradation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans enhance oxidized-LDL-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in human endothelial cells?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that Hep III enhances the pro-atherosclerotic characteristics in HUVECs induced by ox-LDL. |
### Instruction:
Is a model for the relative biological effectiveness of protons : the tissue specific parameter α/β of photons a predictor for the sensitivity to LET changes?
### Response:
| A statistically significant relation was found between α for protons and LET. Moreover, the strength of that relation varied significantly with (α/β)phot. In contrast, no significant relation between β and LET was found. On the whole, the resulting RBE model provided a significantly improved fit (p-value < 0.01) to the experimental data compared to the standard constant RBE. By accounting for the α/β ratio of photons, clearer trends between RBE and LET of protons were found, and our results suggest that late responding tissues are more sensitive to LET changes than early responding tissues and most tumors. An advantage with the proposed RBE model in optimization and evaluation of treatment plans is that it only requires dose, LET, and (α/β)phot as input parameters. Hence, no proton specific biological parameters are needed. |
### Instruction:
Does suppression of liver regeneration affect hepatic graft survival in small-for-size liver transplantation in rats?
### Response:
| Liver regeneration is remarkably suppressed in SFSLT. The significant changes of intra-graft gene expression described above indicated that ischemia reperfusion injury would be severe in 30% partial liver transplantation. The capability of liver regeneration secondary to ischemia reperfusion injury might determine hepatic graft survival in SFSLT. |
### Instruction:
Does [ IL-10 suppress inflammatory granuloma uptake of 18F-FDG in rats ]?
### Response:
| IL-10 can suppress the inflammatory granuloma of SD rats uptaking 18F-FDG. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Clinical application of Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy and it 's modified procedures ]?
### Response:
| The Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy and it's modified procedures are suitable for complex frontal sinus disease, which can be selected according to pathological and anatomical features, and have a good prospect for clinical application. |
### Instruction:
Does tas13D inhibit growth of SMMC-7721 cell via suppression VEGF and EGF expression?
### Response:
| The obtained results suggest that tas13D inhibits tumor growth and cell proliferation by inhibiting cell migration, downregulating mRNA expression of VEGF and EGF, and decreasing angiogenic factor production. Tas13D deserves further consideration as a chemotherapeutic agent. |
### Instruction:
Does vasopressin-mediated enhancement of adrenergic vasoconstriction involve both the tyrosine kinase and the protein kinase C pathways?
### Response:
| These data are consistent with a central role for TK in mediating both the NE response and the VP-augmented response. Moreover, PYK2 and the µ and γ isoforms of PKC seem to play a preferential role in mediating the augmented VP response. The apparent divergent roles of these pathways in mediating NE- versus VP-augmented pressor responses could potentially lead to new targeted therapies in catecholamine-resistant shock. |
### Instruction:
Does pro-inflammatory interleukin-18 increase Alzheimer 's disease-associated amyloid-β production in human neuron-like cells?
### Response:
| The IL-18 induction of BACE-1, APP processing, and Aβ is likely to be linked to stress-associated adaptations in neurons during the course of normal functioning and development. However, in the course of wider changes in the aging brain, and particularly in AD, the effects of heightened or prolonged levels of IL-18 may contribute to the process of AD, including via increased Aβ. |
### Instruction:
Is milk oral immunotherapy effective in school-aged children?
### Response:
| This placebo-controlled, double-blind study confirmed that OIT was effective in desensitizing schoolchildren with CMA. With occasional exceptions, the reached desensitization sustained for more than 3 years. |
### Instruction:
Is malignant calcification an important unfavorable prognostic factor in primary invasive breast cancer?
### Response:
| Mammographic calcification is a poor prognostic factor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. Its prognostic value is second only to axillary node status and greater than the other factors evaluated. Thus, breast cancers with calcifications should be regarded as high risk when determining adjuvant treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does gluten-free diet appear to induce endoscopic remission of eosinophilic esophagitis in children with coexistent celiac disease?
### Response:
| The prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis in patients with celiac disease was 4.4%, confirming a higher than expected prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis compared with the general population. In patients with celiac disease, a gluten-free diet did not appear to induce remission of coexistent endoscopic and histological features of eosinophilic esophagitis. |
### Instruction:
Does structural imbalance promote behavior analogous to aesthetic preference in domestic chicks?
### Response:
| Our results are consistent with the idea that the coding of structural imbalance is primary and even overrides classical conditioning. Generalized to the humans, these results suggest aesthetic judgments based upon structural imbalance may be based on evolutionarily ancient mechanisms, which are shared by different vertebrate species. |
### Instruction:
Is increased body mass index associated with a global and distributed decrease in white matter microstructural integrity?
### Response:
| Our results show that increased BMI is globally associated with a reduction in white matter integrity throughout the brain, elucidating a potential mechanism by which changes in physical health may influence cognitive health. |
### Instruction:
Is maternal early-pregnancy vitamin D status associated with maternal depressive symptoms in the Amsterdam Born Children and Their Development cohort?
### Response:
| In this study, low early-pregnancy vitamin D status was associated with elevated depressive symptoms in pregnancy. Further research, using a randomized controlled design, would be required to confirm the causality of this association and the potential benefits of higher vitamin D intake for psychosocial health. |
### Instruction:
Does image jitter enhance visual performance when spatial resolution is impaired?
### Response:
| Results suggest that retinal-image jitter with optimal frequency and amplitude is an effective strategy for enhancing visual information processing in the absence of spatial detail. These findings will enable the development of novel tools to improve the quality of life of low vision patients. |
### Instruction:
Does denervation impair bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis in rabbit tibia lengthening?
### Response:
| The results suggest that the nervous system plays an essential role during DO: the denervation appears to have an inhibitory effect on bone formation. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide association study implicate HLA-C*01:02 as a risk factor at the major histocompatibility complex locus in schizophrenia?
### Response:
| This study provides further support for involvement of MHC class I molecules in schizophrenia. We found evidence of association with previously reported risk alleles at the TCF4, VRK2, and ZNF804A loci. |
### Instruction:
Is the proto-oncogene c-src involved in primordial follicle activation through the PI3K , PKC and MAPK signaling pathways?
### Response:
| C-src plays an important role in regulating primordial follicle activation and growth via the PI3K-PKC- ERK1/2 pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence and correlate of dog walking among Japanese dog owners?
### Response:
| The findings confirmed that dog walking significantly helps dog owners meet physical activity recommendations for health and revealed that dog-specific factors such as dog attachment might be stronger correlates of dog walking than sociodemographic factors. |
### Instruction:
Does auxiliary locking plate improve fracture stability and healing in intertrochanteric fractures fixated by intramedullary nail?
### Response:
| The findings of our study indicate that auxiliary locked plating considerably improves biomechanical performance and results in successful healing of unstable intertrochanteric to subtrochanteric femur fractures. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure to low-dose barium by drinking water cause hearing loss in mice?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate for the first time that low-dose barium administered by drinking water specifically distributes to inner ears resulting in severe ototoxicity with degeneration of inner ears in mice. |
### Instruction:
Is therapeutic immunization against Mycobacterium tuberculosis an effective adjunct to antibiotic treatment?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate the ability of therapeutic immunization to significantly enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy against tuberculosis and other infectious diseases, with implications for treatment duration, patient compliance, and more optimal resource allocation. |
### Instruction:
Does doxycycline ameliorate the dystrophic phenotype of skeletal and cardiac muscles in mdx mice?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that doxycycline may be a potential therapeutic agent for DMD. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Management of breast asymmetry associated with primary funnel chest ]?
### Response:
| Breasts asymmetries associated with PE can be adequately corrected using an isolated thoracic endoprothesis. Whether it remains a lack of results, perform an unilaterally or bilaterally breast augmentation in a second time is always possible. |
### Instruction:
Does early administration of oxybutynin improve bladder function and clinical outcomes in newborns with posterior urethral valves?
### Response:
| This pilot study demonstrates that early use of anticholinergic therapy in infants with high voiding pressures and/or small bladder capacity after primary posterior urethral valve ablation has beneficial effects on bladder function. |
### Instruction:
Does clinical and MRI result after microfracture of osteochondral lesions of the talus?
### Response:
| After AM of osteochondral lesions of the talus, 18 of 22 patients had no or mild, occasional pain at 2 years follow-up. On MRI, the lesion volume had been reduced and filling with repair tissue was found. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of SOCS3 throughout liver regeneration regulated by DNA methylation?
### Response:
| DNA methylation or demethylation seems to be a relatively stable modification of cytosine, but not a dynamic and reversible process to regulate gene transcription in daily and acute pathophysiological events. |
### Instruction:
Is a founder mutation in the PEX6 gene responsible for increased incidence of Zellweger syndrome in a French Canadian population?
### Response:
| We report increased incidence of ZS in French-Canadians of SLSJ caused by a PEX6 founder mutation. To our knowledge, this is the highest reported incidence of ZS worldwide. These findings have implications for carrier screening and support the utility of NGS for molecular confirmation of peroxisomal disorders. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity an independent risk factor for pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis in liver recipients?
### Response:
| We recommend close control of cardiovascular factors in patients with liver cirrhosis in order to avoid associated thrombosis. |
### Instruction:
Do murine corneal stroma cells suppress bone marrow-derived dendritic cells maturation in vitro?
### Response:
| PGE(2) contributes to the suppressive effect on BM-DCs maturation mediated by CSCs in vitro, and PGE(2) and TGF-β(2) have additive effects on the immunosuppression of BM-DCs. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells attenuate oleic acid induced acute lung injury in rats?
### Response:
| Intravenous transplantation of MSCs could maintain the integrity of the pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier and modulate the inflammatory response to attenuate the experimental ALI/ARDS. Transplantation of MSCs could be a novel cell-based therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of ALI/ARDS. |
### Instruction:
Is influence of Helicobacter pylori status and eradication on the serum levels of trefoil factors and pepsinogen test : serum trefoil factor 3 a stable biomarker?
### Response:
| In serum TFFs and pepsinogen tests, only serum TFF3s were not significantly affected by H. pylori eradication, suggesting that serum TFF3 could be a stable biomarker of gastric cancer risk even after H.pylori eradication in contrast with the pepsinogen test. |
### Instruction:
Does haploinsufficiency of Cyfip1 produce fragile X-like phenotypes in mice?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that haploinsufficiency of Cyfip1 mimics key aspects of the phenotype of Fmr1 knockout mice and are consistent with the hypothesis that these effects are mediated by interaction of Cyfip1 and Fmrp in regulating activity-dependent translation. The data provide support for a model where CYFIP1 haploinsufficiency in patients results in intermediate phenotypes increasing risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. |
### Instruction:
Does iFNα2b augment immune responses of cisplatin+5-fluorouracil treated tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients -- a preliminary study?
### Response:
| IFNα2b appears to be an effective immunostimulator having clinical impact to combat the immunosuppression in TSCC patients. Successful immunostimulation by IFNα2b may help TSCC patients in clinical improvement. The findings of this preliminary study need to be confirmed on a large number of patients with TSCC. |
### Instruction:
Do application of T2 measurement on gradient echo T2-weighted imaging in differential diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and calcification?
### Response:
| Quantitative measurement of T2 value on GRE T2 WI with a single MRI examination provides a fast, convenient, and effective means in differential diagnosis between intracranial hemorrhage and calcification, which may thus reduce the medical cost and save precious time for clinical management. |
### Instruction:
Is hypotensive effect of Gentiana floribunda mediated through Ca++ antagonism pathway?
### Response:
| These data indicate that BP-lowering action of Gentiana floribunda occurred via Ca++ antagonism (inhibition of Ca++ ingress and release from intracellular stores), which provides pharmacological basis to justify its effectiveness in hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Does aggressive lung donor management increase graft procurement without increasing renal graft loss after transplantation?
### Response:
| Aggressive management strategy in potential lung donors, which includes ventilator recruitment maneuvers, PEEP ≥ 8 cm H(2)O, the use of HRT, and restrictive fluid balance increases the rate of lung grafts available for transplantation without adverse effect on kidney graft survival. |
### Instruction:
Are elevated interleukin-6 concentration and alterations of the coagulation system associated with the development of intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely preterm infants?
### Response:
| The association of elevated IL-6 levels with alterations of the coagulation profile and development of IVH found in our study supports the assumption of a close pathophysiological relation between inflammation and IVH. |
### Instruction:
Does src Inhibition with saracatinib reverse fulvestrant resistance in ER-positive ovarian cancer models in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| Saracatinib augments effects of fulvestrant by opposing estrogen-mediated Src activation and target gene expression, increasing cell-cycle arrest, and impairing survival, all of which would oppose antiestrogen resistance in these ER+ ovarian cancer models. These data support further preclinical and clinical evaluation of combined fulvestrant and saracatinib in ovarian cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate in hypertensive Chinese males?
### Response:
| MTHFR 677 T is a risk allele for decreased kidney function in Chinese males, implicating this gene in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial progenitor cell transplantation ameliorate elastin breakdown in a Kawasaki disease mouse model?
### Response:
| Exogenously administered EPCs, which represent a novel strategy could prevent the dysfunction of EPCs, accelerate the repair of coronary artery endothelium lesion and decrease the occurrence of aneurysm. |
### Instruction:
Does pioglitazone ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by down-regulating hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclooxygenases-2 expression in rats?
### Response:
| Down-regulating hepatic NF-κB and COX-2 expression, at least in part, is one of the possible therapeutic mechanisms of pioglitazone in NASH rats. |
### Instruction:
Does methanesulfonic acid sodium salt protect retina from acute light damage in mice?
### Response:
| Methanesulfonic acid sodium salt is an effective photoprotective agent against light-induced retinopathy through the inhibition of CytC-mediated mitochondrial impairment. |
### Instruction:
Does fHL2 inhibit the Id3-promoted proliferation and invasive growth of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells?
### Response:
| FHL2 can inhibit the proliferation and invasive growth of human breast cancer cells by repressing the functional activity of Id3. The functional roles of FHL2-Id3 signaling in the development of human breast cancer need further research. |
### Instruction:
Does use of wound drain following open reduction and internal fixation of femoral shaft fractures?
### Response:
| No benefit was observed in the routine use of wound drains following open reduction and internal |
### Instruction:
Is loss of DBC2 expression an early and progressive event in the development of lung adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| We conclude that loss of DBC2 expression is an early and progressive event in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Positive DBC2 immunohistochemistry may become an indicator for early stage disease and better prognosis of lung adenocarcinomas. |
### Instruction:
Does down-regulation of SENP1 expression increase apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cells?
### Response:
| SENP1-shRNA can efficiently inhibit SENP1 expression in Daudi cells. SENP1 inhibition may promote cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that SENP1 may serve as an important target in the gene therapy of Burkitts lymphoma. |
### Instruction:
Does stat3 contribute to indoxyl sulfate-induced inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression and cellular senescence?
### Response:
| Stat3 is involved in indoxyl sulfate-induced inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression and cellular senescence in proximal tubular cells. |
### Instruction:
Does milnacipran enhance the control of impulsive action by activating D₁-like receptors in the infralimbic cortex?
### Response:
| This is the first report that demonstrates a critical role for D(1)-like receptors of the IL in milnacipran-enhanced control of impulsive action. |
### Instruction:
Does differences in neural-immune gene expression response in rat spinal dorsal horn correlate with variations in electroacupuncture analgesia?
### Response:
| Our results suggested that differential regulation and coordination of neural-immune related genes might play an important role for individual variations in analgesic effects responding to EA in DH. It also provided new candidate genes related to EA responsiveness for future investigation. |
### Instruction:
Is tC10 regulated by caveolin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes?
### Response:
| Together these data suggest that TC10 is intrinsically active in vivo, but is maintained in the inactive state by binding to Caveolin 1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes under basal conditions, permitting its activation by insulin. |
### Instruction:
Does the novel compound liguzinediol exert positive inotropic effects in isolated rat heart via sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-dependent mechanism?
### Response:
| The positive inotropic effect of LZDO in isolated rat hearts was mediated through an elevation of SR Ca2+ transient, which may act on SR Ca2+ ATPase. LZDO has a unique biological mechanism that may prove effective in treating heart failure in clinic. |
### Instruction:
Does lMO4 inhibit p53-mediated proliferative inhibition of breast cancer cells through interacting p53?
### Response:
| The present study showed that LMO4 is a direct target of p53 and inhibits p53-mediated proliferative inhibition of breast cancer cells through interacting p53. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer increase surgical morbidity?
### Response:
| C+S did not significantly affect morbidity or mortality overall, based on clinical stage, postoperative stage, or extent of resection. The potential for enhanced survival in resectable NSCLC justifies continued study of C+S. |
### Instruction:
Are pulmonary macrophages involved in reperfusion injury after lung transplantation?
### Response:
| The earliest phase of reperfusion injury after lung transplantation involves donor pulmonary macrophages. |
### Instruction:
Does repeated exposure to inhaled toluene induce behavioral and neurochemical cross-sensitization to cocaine in rats?
### Response:
| Overall, these findings show that repeated toluene exposure enhances behavioral and neurochemical responses to subsequent cocaine administration. |
### Instruction:
Is nitric oxide synthase absent in only a subset of cases of pyloric stenosis?
### Response:
| NOS deficiency leading to lack of locally available nitric oxide causes a failure of smooth muscle relaxation. This may account for the cause of pyloric stenosis in infants. However, this study shows that this is true probably only in a subset of cases. The etiology of pyloric stenosis may still be multifactorial. Further investigations are required regarding the etiology of pyloric stenosis. J Pediatr Surg 36:616-619. |
### Instruction:
Is oxygen-induced vasodilation blunted in pulmonary arterioles from fetal rats with nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
### Response:
| Oxygen-induced vasodilation is blunted in pulmonary arterioles from rats with nitrofen-induced CDH. Blunted oxygen-induced vasodilation may contribute to persistent pulmonary hypertension in CDH. J Pediatr Surg 36:593-597. |
### Instruction:
Does increased hypoxia correlate with increased expression of the angiogenesis marker vascular endothelial growth factor in human prostate cancer?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating a significant association between increasing levels of hypoxia and increased expression of the angiogenesis marker VEGF in human prostate carcinoma. The results of our study further support the exploration of antiangiogenesis strategies for the treatment of human prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Do antibodies against serotonin have no diagnostic relevance in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome?
### Response:
| There is an elevated prevalence of antibodies against serotonin and thromboplastin in patients with FM. The pathophysiological significance of this finding is unknown. Calculation of positive predictive values of antiserotonin antibodies shows that measurement of these antibodies has no diagnostic relevance. |
### Instruction:
Are interleukin-6 levels inversely correlated with heart rate variability in patients with decompensated heart failure?
### Response:
| Reduction of long-term HRV indices is associated with increased levels of IL-6 in patients with decompensated heart failure. The ability of long-term HRV parameters to better reflect activation of diverse hormonal systems may explain their greater prognostic power for risk stratification in patients with CHF. |
### Instruction:
Is routine placement of ureteral stents unnecessary after ureteroscopy for urinary calculi?
### Response:
| Ureteroscopy for distal ureteral stones without ureteral stent placement has been previously described. Our experience expands to include the elimination of stent placement after ureteroscopy for middle or proximal ureteral (22%) and renal (35%) calculi. Our data suggest that after ureteroscopies with short operative times and minimal ureteral trauma, ureteral stents may not be necessary, even if proximal ureteral or renal ureteroscopy has been performed. |
### Instruction:
Do airway epithelial cells release eosinophil survival-promoting factors ( GM-CSF ) after stimulation of proteinase-activated receptor 2?
### Response:
| PAR-2-mediated activation of airway epithelial cells induced release of GM-CSF, which promoted eosinophil survival and activation. It also induced release of eotaxin, which could mediate eosinophil recruitment to the airways. |
### Instruction:
Is fusion protein vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 implicated in IFN-gamma-induced piecemeal degranulation in human eosinophils from atopic individuals?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that exocytosis in human eosinophils is regulated by SNAREs, with a specific role indicated for VAMP-2 in piecemeal degranulation. |
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