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### Instruction:
Is maternal dietary pattern during pregnancy associated with recurrent wheeze in children?
### Response:
| Overall dietary pattern during pregnancy is not associated with recurrent wheeze in this cohort. Maternal intake of individual nutrients may be more important determinants of offspring wheeze-associated illness than is dietary pattern. |
### Instruction:
Is in vivo action of trefoil factor 2 ( TFF2 ) to speed gastric repair independent of cyclooxygenase?
### Response:
| In the gastric epithelium in vivo, TFFs promote epithelial restitution via a mechanism that does not require cyclooxygenase activation. A novel role for TFFs to affect gastric surface pH is observed. |
### Instruction:
Is omeprazole-induced acute interstitial nephritis related to CYP2C19 genotype or CYP2C19 phenotype?
### Response:
| There was discordance between CYP2C19 genotype and phenotype. However, up to 45% of healthy elderly subjects have a poor metabolizer phenotype. Thus neither CYP2C19 poor metabolizer genotype nor phenotype is a risk factor for OIAIN. |
### Instruction:
Does current dosing of low-molecular-weight heparins reflect licensed product labels : an international survey?
### Response:
| Dose-individualization strategies for LMWHs, which contravene the PL, were present in 96% of surveyed hospitals. Common individualization methods included dose-capping, use of lean body size descriptors to calculate renal function and the starting dose, followed by post dose anti-Xa monitoring. |
### Instruction:
Is stapled anastomosis for anterior resection safe even after previous stapled haemorrhoidectomy -- a report of five cases?
### Response:
| Stapled colorectal anastomosis may be safely performed after previous stapled haemorrhoidectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is young age at diagnosis a risk factor for negative late socio-economic effects after acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood?
### Response:
| Young age at diagnosis, as well as treatment with cranial irradiation, is a risk factor for socio-economic late effects after treatment for ALL in childhood. |
### Instruction:
Is jun activation domain binding protein 1 overexpressed from the very early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis?
### Response:
| Jab1 expression, as well as p27(Kip1) upregulation, is evident from the very early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting that Jab1 could be a diagnostic marker and a treatment target for precancerous lesions and early HCCs. |
### Instruction:
Does increased expression of DNA methyltransferase-1 in non-neoplastic epithelium help predict colorectal neoplasia risk in ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| Increased expression of DNMT1 in non-neoplastic epithelium may precede or be a relatively early event in UC-associated tumorigenesis, and may help predict the risk of colorectal neoplasia in UC. |
### Instruction:
Does renal microvascular disease determine the responses to revascularization in experimental renovascular disease?
### Response:
| Preservation of the MV architecture and function in the stenotic kidney improved the responses to PTRA, indicating that renal MV integrity plays a role in determining the responses to PTRA. This study indicates that damage and early loss of renal MV is an important determinant of the progression of renal injury in RAS and instigates often irreversible damage. |
### Instruction:
Is a central dip in the macular pigment spatial profile associated with age and smoking?
### Response:
| A central dip in the MP spatial profile, seen in older subjects and in cigarette smokers, may represent an undesirable feature of macular pigmentation. Further research is needed in this area. |
### Instruction:
Are serum S100B and LDH useful in predicting the sentinel node status in melanoma patients?
### Response:
| In the present study neither serum S100B nor LDH prior to SLND were useful in predicting the histopathological status of the sentinel node. None of them correlated with DFS, DMFS or OS. |
### Instruction:
Is acute infection with Epstein-Barr virus associated with atherogenic lipid changes?
### Response:
| IM is associated with atherogenic changes of lipids and lipoproteins that are partially restored 4 months after its resolution. |
### Instruction:
Does arterial stiffness and decline in individuals with normal renal function/early chronic kidney disease?
### Response:
| In a Japanese occupational cohort with normal renal function/early chronic kidney disease, elevated arterial stiffness was an independent risk factor for the decline in renal function. CRP did not appear to exert any significant influence on this association. |
### Instruction:
Does reduction of PKCbetaII activity in smooth muscle cells attenuate acute arterial injury?
### Response:
| These data identify the SMC-specific regulatory role of PKCbetaII in neointimal expansion in response to acute arterial injury, and suggest that targeted inactivation of PKCbetaII may be beneficial in limiting restenosis via suppression of the neointima-mediating effects of Egr-1 and MMP-9. |
### Instruction:
Is progression of cerebral amyloid load associated with the apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype in Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| The results of this study indicate that a significant increase of amyloid deposition occurs in patients with AD during a relatively short interval of its clinical course. The rate of amyloid aggregation rate is closely associated with the apolipoprotein E genotype, which might be important for the evaluation of antiamyloid drug treatment effects. The present study further emphasizes the value of amyloid-plaque imaging as a marker of disease progression and as a potential surrogate marker to be used in antiamyloid drug trials. |
### Instruction:
Are adverse obstetric events associated with significant risk of cerebral palsy?
### Response:
| Almost one-third of children with cerebral palsy had at least 1 adverse birth-related event. Higher rates in the preterm group may partially explain the higher rates of cerebral palsy in this group. |
### Instruction:
Does design-related risk factors for revision of primary cemented stem?
### Response:
| Overall revision rates were low, but for two of the stems studied design factors such as size and neck length or offset influenced the risk of non-aseptic revision. |
### Instruction:
Do reconstruction of partial maxillary defect with intraoral distraction osteogenesis assisted by miniscrew implant anchorages?
### Response:
| A combined orthodontics and DO technique can be used to treat partial maxillary defects successfully. |
### Instruction:
Does age modify the genotype-phenotype relationship for the bitter receptor TAS2R38?
### Response:
| These data imply that the change in PROP bitter sensitivity which occurs over the lifespan (from bitter sensitive to less so) is more common in people with a particular haplotype combination, i.e., AVI/PAV heterozygotes. |
### Instruction:
Does r-Ras regulate migration through an interaction with filamin A in melanoma cells?
### Response:
| These data support a model in which R-Ras functionally associates with FLNa and thereby regulates integrin-dependent migration. Thus in melanoma cells R-Ras and FLNa may cooperatively promote metastasis by enhancing cell migration. |
### Instruction:
Do pelvimetric dimensions impact upon nerve sparing or erectile function recovery in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy?
### Response:
| We did not find unfavorable pelvic anatomy to impact the likelihood of performing a nerve sparing procedure or to be predictive of any degree of recovery of EF after RRP. |
### Instruction:
Do greater tactile sensitivity and less use of immature psychological defense mechanisms predict women 's penile-vaginal intercourse orgasm?
### Response:
| Both diminished physical sensitivity and the presence of specific psychological impairments might decrease the likelihood of women's orgasm from specifically PVI, but not other sexual activities. |
### Instruction:
Is low ejection fraction documented during cardiac catheterization significantly associated with long-term , all-cause mortality?
### Response:
| Decreased EF measured during coronary angiography is a strong independent predictor of all-cause mortality over a period of 10 years. |
### Instruction:
Does sodium butyrate enhance the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin by abrogating the cisplatin imposed cell cycle arrest?
### Response:
| The study presents evidence that cell sensitization towards cisplatin by sodium butyrate is due to hyperacetylation of histone H4 in specific chromatin regions, which temporarily abrogates the cisplatin imposed cell cycle arrest. |
### Instruction:
Are both vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble Flt-1 increased in type 2 diabetes but not in impaired fasting glucose?
### Response:
| Although plasma VEGF concentrations were higher (35%) in DM than in ND subjects, VEGF action on vascular remodeling was likely attenuated by higher sFlt-1 concentrations in DM. In contrast, IFG subjects did not have major perturbations in either VEGF or sFlt-1 levels. Further studies defining the roles of these mediators in DM and IFG are necessary to extend these observations. |
### Instruction:
Does rho-kinase signalling regulate CXC chemokine formation and leukocyte recruitment in colonic ischemia-reperfusion?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that inhibition of Rho-kinase activity decrease I/R-induced leukocyte rolling, adhesion and recruitment in the colon. Moreover, these findings show that Rho-kinase signalling regulates TNF-alpha and CXC chemokine formation as well as lipid peroxidation in the reperfused colon. Thus, targeting Rho-kinase signalling may be a useful strategy in order to protect against pathological inflammation in the colon. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of metastatic gastric carcinoma patients who experience gastrointestinal perforation during palliative chemotherapy?
### Response:
| As patients experiencing GI perforation during palliative chemotherapy have heterogeneous clinical presentation, we need to adopt different approaches in the management of the patients that are compatible with the favorable prognostic factors. |
### Instruction:
Is decrease in serum level of matrix metalloproteinases predictive of the disease-modifying effect of osteoarthritis drugs assessed by quantitative MRI in patients with knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Higher baseline values of IL-6, CRP and COMP are predictive of greater risk of cartilage loss in OA. However, over time a reduction in MMP-1 and MMP-3 levels correlated best with reduction in cartilage volume loss and the effect of drug treatment. Baseline CRP was found to be a good predictor of the symptomatic response to treatment. |
### Instruction:
Do segmental wall-motion abnormalities of the left ventricle predict arrhythmic events in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| SWMA is an independent predictor of arrhythmic events in patients with NICM. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiomyocyte-targeted HIF-1alpha gene therapy inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac allograft vasculopathy in the rat?
### Response:
| We found that acute and chronic rejection increased HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein levels in rat cardiac allografts. On the other hand, cardiomyocyte-targeted HIF-1alpha gene transfer inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the development of CAV, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for HIF-1alpha in cardiac allografts. |
### Instruction:
Does predictors of race-day jockey fall in flat racing in Australia?
### Response:
| We identified a range of factors associated with falls to thoroughbred racing jockeys riding in flat races that adds to the evidence base for formulating strategies to improve occupational health and safety standards in the thoroughbred racing industry. |
### Instruction:
Are filoviruses ancient and integrated into mammalian genomes?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that filovirus infections have been recorded as paleoviral elements in the genomes of small mammals despite extranuclear replication and a requirement for cooption of reverse transcriptase. Our results show that the mammal-filovirus association is ancient and has resulted in candidates for functional gene products (RNA or protein). |
### Instruction:
Does contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound improve detection of liver metastases during surgery for primary colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| In the first study of its kind, early results suggest that the ability of IOUS to detect additional metastases is improved by CE-IOUS, and that this may impact on surgical staging and management. |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative portal vein blood flow predict allograft and patient survival following liver transplantation?
### Response:
| Portal vein blood flow is a significant predictor of survival after liver transplantation. Initially, the liver's survival is based on portal vein blood flow; however, subsequent biliary problems and patient demise result from both poor portal vein and inadequate hepatic artery blood flow. |
### Instruction:
Are central serotonin transporter levels associated with stress hormone response and anxiety?
### Response:
| The association between stress hormone response, thalamic 5-HTT levels, and anxiety in patients suffering from negative mood states suggests an interaction between two major mechanisms implicated in negative mood states in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does superior result following the Ross procedure in patients with congenital heart disease?
### Response:
| The Ross procedure remains the authors' procedure of choice for AVR in patients with CHD. Outcomes in infants aged < 1 year may improve with better patient selection and palliative surgical/percutaneous interventions prior to valve replacement. The late survival was excellent and valve-related complications were minimal. The high autograft longevity led to few patients requiring late reoperation for graft replacement. |
### Instruction:
Is risk of urothelial bladder cancer in Lynch syndrome increased , in particular among MSH2 mutation carriers?
### Response:
| Patients with Lynch syndrome carrying an MSH2 mutation are at increased risk of urinary tract cancer including bladder cancer. In these cases surveillance should be considered. |
### Instruction:
Are `` A surviving myth '' -- corticosteroids still considered ulcerogenic by a majority of physicians?
### Response:
| Although there is no evidence showing an association between PUD and the use of corticosteroids, a majority of physicians consider corticosteroids gastrotoxic. This applies, to a lesser extent, to gastroenterologists. Action should be taken to explode the myth about the gastrotoxicity of corticosteroids and to minimize useless expenses on concomitant prophylaxis. |
### Instruction:
Is psychological dysfunction associated with symptom severity but not disease etiology or degree of gastric retention in patients with gastroparesis?
### Response:
| Higher depression and anxiety scores are associated with gastroparesis severity on investigator- and patient-reported assessments. Psychological dysfunction does not vary by etiology or degree of gastric retention. Psychological features should be considered in managing gastroparesis. |
### Instruction:
Does general anesthesia increase the risk of bacteremia following dental extractions?
### Response:
| General anesthesia represents a risk factor for BDE, increasing its prevalence and duration. |
### Instruction:
Is allergen particle binding by human primary bronchial epithelial cells modulated by surfactant protein D?
### Response:
| Epithelial cells bind and internalize SPP and PP which leads to increased IL-8 secretion. SP-D promotes attachment of SPP to epithelial cells and may thus be involved in the inflammatory response to inhaled allergen. |
### Instruction:
Do phacoemulsification-deep sclerectomy modified by trabeculum microperforations and implantation of lens anterior capsule as autologous scleral implant?
### Response:
| The explanation of the role of the anterior capsule in the mechanism of mPDS requires inclusion into the study of histological observations of surgeries performed on an animal model as well as prospective ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) examinations performed in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation induce vasodilation in healthy controls but not in refractory angina patients?
### Response:
| High-dose TENS induces forearm vasodilation in healthy subjects but not in patients with RAP. These findings suggest that TENS has different vascular effects in patients with severe coronary artery disease compared with healthy controls. |
### Instruction:
Is skin autofluorescence associated with renal function and cardiovascular diseases in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients?
### Response:
| Tissue AGE accumulation measured as skin autofluorescence increased as GFR decreased and was related to CVD history in CKD patients. Non-invasive autofluorescence readers may provide potential markers for clinical risk assessment in pre-dialysis CKD patients. |
### Instruction:
Does the proline-rich peptide Bac7 ( 1-35 ) reduce mortality from Salmonella typhimurium in a mouse model of infection?
### Response:
| Our results provide a first indication for a potential development of Bac7-based drugs in the treatment of salmonellosis and, eventually, other Gram-negative infections. The in vivo activity for this peptide might be substantially enhanced by decreasing its excretion rate or modifying the treatment schedule. |
### Instruction:
Does surface modification of silicone breast implants by binding the antifibrotic drug halofuginone reduce capsular fibrosis?
### Response:
| The results confirmed a decrease in foreign body responses to halofuginone surface-modified silicone implants and mark their potential for obtaining a lessened capsular fibrosis by way of a local antifibrotic effect. |
### Instruction:
Do efficacy of gaze stability exercises in older adults with dizziness?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that in older adults with symptoms of dizziness and no documented vestibular deficits, the addition of vestibular-specific gaze stability exercises to standard balance rehabilitation results in greater reduction in fall risk. |
### Instruction:
Do early postoperative alterations of ventilation parameters after tracheostomy in major burn injuries?
### Response:
| We demonstrate that TS reduces invasiveness of ventilation in severely burned patients and by this can optimize lung protective ventilation strategy. |
### Instruction:
Is cyclin H expression increased in GIST with very-high risk of malignancy?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that, in addition to high risk classification, cyclin H expression might be an indicator for "very-high risk" GIST. |
### Instruction:
Does red-light light-emitting diode irradiation increase the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrated that MSCs proliferation was enhanced by multiple exposures to LLLI from 630-nm LEDs, and cell growth depended on the plating density. Furthermore, multiple dose of LLLI could enhance the osteogenic potential of rat MSCs. |
### Instruction:
Does a serotonin transporter polymorphism ( 5-HTTLPR ) predict the development of adolescent alcohol use?
### Response:
| To gain more insight into the etiological role of genetic determinants of adolescent alcohol use, developmental approaches that distinguish between onset and continuation of drinking should be applied. |
### Instruction:
Does disruption of insulin signalling preserve bioenergetic competence of mitochondria in ageing Caenorhabditis elegans?
### Response:
| We conclude that low daf-2 function alters the overall rate of ageing by a yet unidentified mechanism with an indirect protective effect on mitochondrial function. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variation in TYMS in the one-carbon transfer pathway associated with ovarian carcinoma types in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium?
### Response:
| TYMS rs495139 may be associated with a differential risk of ovarian carcinoma types, indicating the importance of accurate histopathologic classification. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of uPAR and uPA reduce invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells?
### Response:
| These data provide new functional evidence of the uPA/uPAR system's role in PTC invasion/metastasis and demonstrate the attractiveness of uPA and uPAR as molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiovascular and thermal responses to repeated head-up tilt following exercise-induced heat stress?
### Response:
| We conclude that the maintenance of MAP following exercise in the heat is mitigated by reductions in skin perfusion despite significant elevations in core temperature. |
### Instruction:
Does oxygen breathing accelerate decompression from saturation at 40 msw in 70-kg swine?
### Response:
| Profile 1 performed best, shortening decompression with no death or severe DCS, yet it may still exceed emergency operational utility in an actual submarine rescue. |
### Instruction:
Do inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor KIR3DL1 in combination with HLA-B Bw4iso protect against ankylosing spondylitis?
### Response:
| We conclude that HLA-B Bw4(iso), the ligand of inhibitory KIR3DL1, with and without the expression of KIR3DL1 might be involved in protection against AS. Our results suggest that besides the HLA and KIR genotype, expression levels of KIRs may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS disease. |
### Instruction:
Does non-erosive reflux disease rather than cervical inlet patch involve globus?
### Response:
| Non-erosive reflux disease was more closely associated with globus than an inlet patch. Our controversial results indicating a strong association of globus with non-erosive reflux disease and an inverse association of globus with reflux esophagitis may suggest that mechanisms other than gastroesophageal reflux as the etiology, such as an esophageal visceral hypersensitivity, involve globus. |
### Instruction:
Does tumour necrosis factor-alpha expression in tumour islets confer a survival advantage in non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| The expression of TNFalpha in the tumour islets of patients with NSCLC is associated with improved survival suggesting a role in the host anti-tumour immunological response. The expression of TNFalpha by macrophages and mast cells is critical for this relationship. |
### Instruction:
Does characterization of the equine skeletal muscle transcriptome identify novel functional responses to exercise training?
### Response:
| Exercise training in Thoroughbred racehorses results in coordinate changes in the gene expression of functional groups of genes related to metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and muscle structure. |
### Instruction:
Is spontaneous hypothermia on intensive care unit admission a predictor of unfavorable neurological outcome in patients after resuscitation : an observational cohort study?
### Response:
| In this observational cohort study, spontaneous hypothermia on ICU admission was the strongest predictor of an unfavorable neurological outcome in patients resuscitated for primary cardiac arrest. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin B ( 6 ) supplementation improve pro-inflammatory responses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| A large dose of vitamin B(6) supplementation (100 mg/day) suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (that is, IL-6 and TNF-alpha) in patients with RA. |
### Instruction:
Are anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies from celiac patients responsible for trophoblast damage via apoptosis in vitro?
### Response:
| We showed that the binding of anti-tTG antibodies to trophoblast might represent a key mechanism by which the embryo implantation and pregnancy outcome are impaired in untreated celiac pregnant women. Because healthy trophoblast development is essential for placental and fetal development, these data provide a novel mechanism for CD-induced infertility, early pregnancy loss, and intrauterine growth retardation. |
### Instruction:
Does a low molecular weight heparin inhibit experimental metastasis in mice independently of the endothelial glycocalyx?
### Response:
| In summary, this paper shows that the net effect of the endothelial glycocalyx enhances experimental metastasis and that a LMWH does not limit experimental metastasis by a process involving the endothelial glycocalyx. |
### Instruction:
Do simple surgical approach with high-frequency radio-wave electrosurgery for conjunctivochalasis?
### Response:
| A surgical approach with high-frequency radio-wave electrosurgery produced a significant reduction in CCh and an improvement in symptoms. Radio-wave surgical techniques represent a favorable alternative to surgical treatment of CCh. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired functional capacity associated with all-cause mortality after major elective intra-abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| The routine measurement of AT and VE/VCO(2) using CPET for patients undergoing high-risk surgery can accurately identify the majority of high-risk patients, while the use of clinical risk factors alone will only identify a relatively small proportion of at-risk patients. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Low levels of serotonin in serum correlate with severity of fibromyalgia ]?
### Response:
| Serotonin levels are correlated with severity of FM. In addition, there is an interesting correlation between serotonin levels and age of patients. |
### Instruction:
Do trace amines depress D ( 2 ) -autoreceptor-mediated responses on midbrain dopaminergic cells?
### Response:
| TAs reduced dopamine-induced responses on SNpc neurones by acting at sites different from TA(1), sigma-receptors, D(2) receptors or GIRK channels. Although their precise mechanism of action remains to be identified, TAs, by antagonizing the inhibitory effects of dopamine, may render dopaminergic neurones less sensitive to autoreceptor feedback inhibition and hence enhance their sensitivity to stimulation. |
### Instruction:
Does oral supplementation of folic acid for two months reduce total serum homocysteine levels in hyperhomocysteinemic Greek children?
### Response:
| Oral folic acid 5 mg twice per week may efficiently reduce serum homocysteine levels and increase serum folic acid levels in healthy children with increased homocysteine levels (>95(th) percentile for age). Hyperhomocysteinemia in childhood may be a predictive factor of cardiovascular disease. In addition, these results may offer more help to health practioners in order to establish more prospective studies to elucidate the relationship between homocysteine, folic acid and heart disease in children. |
### Instruction:
Does rNA interference ( RNAi ) screening approach identify agents that enhance paclitaxel activity in breast cancer cells?
### Response:
| RNAi screening can identify druggable targets and novel drug combinations that can sensitize breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. This genomic-based approach can be applied to a multitude of tumor-derived cell lines and drug treatments to generate requisite pre-clinical data for new drug combination therapies to pursue in clinical investigations. |
### Instruction:
Do early-life stress and antidepressants modulate peripheral biomarkers in a gene-environment rat model of depression?
### Response:
| Lipid metabolism and immunity proteins were differently expressed in FSL in comparison with FRL. Exposure to MS induced changes in inflammation and transport proteins which became apparent in response to antidepressant treatments. Modulated proteins could suggest biomarker studies in humans. |
### Instruction:
Do new enhancements of the scrotal one-incision technique for placement of artificial urinary sphincter allow proximal cuff placement?
### Response:
| Transscrotal approach is used safely and efficiently for penile implants and AUS implantation. The new enhancements to the one-scrotal incision technique allow more proximal cuff placement as evidenced by the bulbocavernosus muscle dissection and use of larger cuffs. Continence rate is similar to rates achieved with perineal placement of cuff found in the literature. |
### Instruction:
Does electrical activity suppress axon growth through Ca ( v ) 1.2 channels in adult primary sensory neurons?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that cessation of electrical activity after peripheral lesion contributes to the regenerative response observed upon conditioning and might be necessary to promote regeneration after central nervous system injury. |
### Instruction:
Does cognitive testing with female nutrition and education assistance program participants inform validity of the Satter eating competence inventory?
### Response:
| Cognitive testing resulted in the development of an instrument to measure eating competence in low-income adults. The ecSI/LI requires validation with a large, heterogeneous low-income sample. |
### Instruction:
Does mycobacterium bovis-BCG vaccination induce specific pulmonary transcriptome biosignatures in mice?
### Response:
| This study has therefore prioritized both biomarkers predicting vaccination success before challenge and bio-signatures that are potentially associated with protective immune responses that will be useful to evaluate future vaccine candidates. |
### Instruction:
Are atherosclerotic plaques induced by marble-burying behavior stabilized by exercise training in experimental atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| Behavioral stress increased the atherosclerotic lesions and induced the adhesion molecule expression with superoxide production on the lesions in apo E-deficient mice. Exercise training may stabilize plaque lesions induced by marble-burying behavior in this animal model. |
### Instruction:
Does targeting PI3K/Akt/HSP90 signaling sensitize gastric cancer cells to deoxycholate-induced apoptosis?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that down-regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway with specific cleavage of HSP90 to 45 KDa modulates the pro-apoptotic effects of DC in gastric cells. They further indicate the importance of stable Akt/HSP90 complex in regulation of survival/death responses. |
### Instruction:
Is growth of M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in culture enhanced by nicotinic acid , nicotinamide , and α and β nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide?
### Response:
| We show enhancement of MAP growth by nicotinic acid, one of ≥4,000 tobacco-related molecules, its amide, nicotinamide and α and β NAD. Pure nicotine has no enhancing effect at the doses studies. |
### Instruction:
Is δNp73β oncogenic in hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking apoptosis signaling via death receptors and mitochondria?
### Response:
| Thus, ΔNp73 expression in HCC selects against both the death receptor and the mitochondrial apoptosis activity of the TA isoforms. Our data suggest that ΔNp73 isoforms repress apoptosis-related genes of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways thereby contributing to chemoresistance. The clinical importance of these data is evidenced by our finding that the ΔNp73ß target gene signature can predict the prognosis of patients suffering from HCC. |
### Instruction:
Does class II transactivator ( CIITA ) enhance cytoplasmic processing of HIV-1 Pr55Gag?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that CIITA enhances HIV Gag processing, and provides the first evidence of a novel, post-transcriptional, cytoplasmic function for a well-known transactivator. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia regulate BMP4 expression in the murine spleen during the recovery from acute anemia?
### Response:
| These data show that hypoxia plays a key role in initiating the BMP4 dependent stress erythropoiesis pathway by regulating BMP4 expression. |
### Instruction:
Do structural collagen alterations in macular corneal dystrophy occur mainly in the posterior stroma?
### Response:
| Collagen fibril spacing is reduced and large-diameter collagen fibrils are seen in macular corneal dystrophy type I, with the deep stroma affected more. We speculate that the ultrastructural abnormalities are more prevalent in the posterior stroma because the structural influence of sulphated keratan sulphate glycosaminoglycans/proteoglycans is high in this region of the cornea. |
### Instruction:
Does laser injury promote migration and integration of retinal progenitor cells into host retina?
### Response:
| Transplanted RPCs migrate and integrate into the laser-injured ONL where they differentiate into photoreceptors with morphological features reminiscent of mature photoreceptors, express synaptic protein, and appear to form synaptic connections with retinal bipolar neurons. Following retinal photocoagulation, the enhanced level of integration of grafted RPCs is partially associated with increased expression of MMP-2 and, to a lesser extent, MMP-9, together with decreased levels of inhibitory molecules. |
### Instruction:
Does epicardial perivascular adipose-derived leptin exacerbate coronary endothelial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome via a protein kinase C-beta pathway?
### Response:
| Increases in epicardial PVAT leptin exacerbate coronary endothelial dysfunction in MetS via a PKC-beta-dependent pathway. These findings implicate PVAT-derived leptin as a potential contributor to coronary atherogenesis in MetS. |
### Instruction:
Are significantly elevated C-reactive protein serum levels associated with very high 30-day mortality rates in hospitalized medical patients?
### Response:
| Significantly elevated CRP serum levels are associated with bacterial infections, malignant diseases, and very high rates of 30-day mortality in hospitalized medical patients. |
### Instruction:
Is 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid independently associated with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( CCL2 ) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta ( CCL4 ) in patients with chronic kidney disease?
### Response:
| These results suggest a relationship between CC-chemokine system and KP activation, which may represent one of the mechanisms involved in the accelerated atherosclerosis in CKD population. |
### Instruction:
Does false positive carbohydrate-deficient transferrin result in chronic hemodialysis patients related to the analytical methodology?
### Response:
| A high rate of positive CDT results was observed in HD patients with the particle-enhanced immunonephelometry and seems to be related to the low transferrin concentration. |
### Instruction:
Are hFE Cys282Tyr homozygotes with serum ferritin concentrations below 1000 microg/L at low risk of hemochromatosis?
### Response:
| Previously undiagnosed C282Y homozygotes with SF concentrations that remain below 1000 microg/L are at low risk of developing HH-associated signs and symptoms at an age when disease would be expected to have developed. These observations have implications for the management of C282Y homozygotes. |
### Instruction:
Do ageing and irradiance enhance vitamin E content in green edible tissues from crop plants?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that the content of tocopherol in vegetables can be notably enhanced (or reduced) by simply selecting the appropriate harvesting time and/or by manipulating the environmental conditions during the growth period. |
### Instruction:
Is external hydrogen peroxide indispensable for experimental induction of lipid peroxidation via Fenton reaction in porcine ovary homogenates?
### Response:
| In conclusion, external H(2)O(2) is not indispensable for experimental induction of lipid peroxidation by Fenton reaction in porcine ovary homogenates. |
### Instruction:
Does modulation of mdm2 pre-mRNA splicing by 9-aminoacridine-PNA ( peptide nucleic acid ) conjugate targeting intron-exon junctions?
### Response:
| We have identified several PNAs targeting the 5'- or 3'-splice sites in intron2 or the 3'-splice site of intron3 of mdm2 pre-mRNA which can inhibit splicing. Antisense targeting of splice junctions of mdm2 pre-mRNA may be a powerful method to evaluate the cellular function of MDM2 splice variants as well as a promising approach for discovery of mdm2 targeted anticancer drugs. |
### Instruction:
Do sleep habits and excessive daytime sleepiness correlate with injury risks in the general population in Taiwan?
### Response:
| EDS and sleep quality are associated with the occurrence of a variety of injuries in Taiwan's general population. |
### Instruction:
Does luteal phase progesterone increase live birth rate after frozen embryo transfer?
### Response:
| Progesterone supplementation improves live birth rate after embryo transfer in natural cycles. |
### Instruction:
Is xRCC1 , but not APE1 and hOGG1 gene polymorphisms a risk factor for pterygium?
### Response:
| XRCC1 (Arg399 Glu) is correlated with pterygium and might become a potential marker for the prediction of pterygium susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Does sodium 4-phenylbutyrate ameliorate the effects of cataract-causing mutant gammaD-crystallin in cultured cells?
### Response:
| 4-PBA treatment reduced the defective phenotype of mutant G165fsX8 CRYGD and rescued the affected cells from apoptosis. This could be a potential treatment for lens structural protein and prevent lens opacity in cataract formation. |
### Instruction:
Is an insertion mutation in ABCB4 associated with gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs?
### Response:
| The finding of a significant association of ABCB4 1583_1584G with gallbladder mucoceles in dogs suggests that this phospholipid flippase may play a role in the pathophysiology of this disorder. Affected dogs may provide a useful model for identifying novel treatment strategies for ABCB4-associated hepatobiliary disease in people. |
### Instruction:
Is gene encoding gamma-carbonic anhydrase cotranscribed with argC and induced in response to stationary phase and high CO2 in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7?
### Response:
| This study shows lack of CO2 hydration activity in a recombinant protein expressed from a gene predicted to encode a gamma-carbonic anhydrase in A. brasilense although it cross reacts with anti-Cam antibody raised against a well characterized gamma-CA. The organization and regulation of this gene along with the putative argC gene suggests its involvement in arginine biosynthetic pathway instead of the predicted CO2 hydration. |
### Instruction:
Is home dialysis a successful strategy in nonrenal solid organ transplant recipients with end-stage renal disease?
### Response:
| . Home dialysis (PD and HHD) is a feasible and sustainable modality for patients with ESRD after NRSOT. Home dialysis offers several potential benefits, such as improved haemodynamic and metabolic control, which may be important in the NRSOT population. Home dialysis in patients who develop ESRD after NRSOT should be actively considered for this cohort. |
### Instruction:
Is absolute lymphocyte count a novel prognostic indicator in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma , nasal type?
### Response:
| our data suggest that ALC at diagnosis is a novel, powerful predictor of prognosis in ENKL. Immune status at diagnosis might have an important influence on survival in patients with ENKL. |
### Instruction:
Does instant coffee with high chlorogenic acid levels protect humans against oxidative damage of macromolecules?
### Response:
| The oxidation of DNA, lipids and proteins associated with the incidence of various diseases and the protection against their oxidative damage may be indicative for beneficial health effects of coffee. |
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