USD/ZAR: South African Rand receives strong support as the economy improves
By Jonathan Edwards on November 3, 2020 News
The USD/ZAR is at a strong support level as traders respond to positive economic data from South Africa
Absa Bank data showed that the manufacturing PMI rose to 60.9, the highest level ever recorded.
The pair is also awaiting the outcome of the general election in the US.
The USD/ZAR exchange rate has hardly changed today as traders focus on the U.S. elections and mixed economic data from South Africa. It is traded at 16.2070, which is close to double the low of 16.10.
USD/ZAR on strong support
South Africa: Decline in production
Two separate reports from Markit and Absa Bank showed that the country's manufacturing sector made some progress in October. This was due to rising domestic orders and the government's relaxation of movement restrictions. In fact, the number of daily infections has dropped from a peak of 13,000 in July to less than 1,000.
The Markit manufacturer's PMI rose to 49.4 in October from 45.3 the previous month. This was the highest level in 11 months and is proof that business activity has improved. The report cited rising production, new orders, employment and purchase stocks. Most companies were also relatively confident about the coming months. In a statement David Owen, an economist at Markit, said
"However, production and demand expansions will be necessary to help companies revive labor markets as employment continues to decline sharply. An increase in jobs is likely to occur after an increase in economic activity, as companies will need time to recover from the pandemic losses".
Further data from Absa Bank showed that the manufacturing PMI rose to 60.9 in October. This was the highest level since the bank began compiling the figure in 2012. The report said:
"The further rise at the beginning of the fourth quarter is an encouraging sign that the manufacturing sector continues to recover after a record contraction in April".
However, data from South Africa showed that fewer people bought cars in October. In total, the number of cars sold in October fell to 38.75 thousand, down 25.70% year-on-year.
The USD/ZAR price is also focused on the upcoming general election in the United States, followed by the Fed's interest rate decision and non-agricultural payroll numbers.
Technical outlook USD/ZAR
Technical card USD/ZAR
The USD/ZAR pair is trading at 16.2070. On the daily chart, this price is slightly below the 25-day and 15-day exponential moving averages. It is also near a strong support level, below which the price has been struggling to move lower since June. The price has also formed a descending triangle pattern, which is shown in green.
However, this triangle is not near its confluence zone. This means that the pair is likely to stay within the current range. However, a clean break below the support at 16.00 is a confirmation for bears and may lead to further declines.
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KYLE RICHARDS IS ATTACKED BY BEES


Artikler, rapporter og annet (UB)
Law after July 22, 2011: Survivors, Memory and Reconstruction
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Tidsskriftartikkel
Sandvik, Kristin Bergtora; Ikdahl, Ingunn; Vestad, Maja; Sørlie, Anniken; Moe-Pryce, Marit
While the criminal law and security governance aspects of the July 22 terror attack in Norway have been extensively analyzed in the academic literature, much less attention has been given to processes involving civil law, legal mobilization and legal-bureaucratic processes. The slow workings of the law mean that the aftermath of July 22 is still unfolding in different legal processes. This PRIO paper carves out a socio-legal research agenda intended to bridge the aforementioned knowledge gap. In so doing, it identifies various aspects of how the law deals with survivors, their families and the bereaved. It also addresses the legal debates over memorials and the reconstruction and securitization of the Norwegian Government Quarter. We argue that in choosing between extraordinary and ordinary legal mechanisms and instruments to deal with the terror attack, the state and the legal system have opted for the latter. This emphasis on "ordinary law" must be investigated. We are interested in how law distributes resources, rights and identities and sets limits on government interventions – and how individual actors and organizations mobilize the law to shape the political, popular and legal narratives around July 22.
Source at https://www.prio.org/publications/12987.
The Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)
Sandvik, Ikdahl, Vestad, Sørlie, Moe-Pryce. Law after July 22, 2011: Survivors, Memory and Reconstruction. PRIO Paper. 2022
Artikler, rapporter og annet (UB) [2070]
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Pirates, Yankees, White Sox reportedly discussed three-team trade involving Jose Quintana
By Charlie Wilmoth Dec 27, 2016, 12:52pm EST
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Photo by David Banks/Getty Images
The Pirates, Yankees and White Sox discussed a three-team trade involving Jose Quintana, USA Today's Bob Nightengale tweets. Joel Sherman of the New York Post, though, tweets that the Yankees are not currently involved in talks involving Quintana or (and?) White Sox closer David Robertson.
Nightengale doesn't reveal the contents of those talks beyond Quintana's inclusion in them, but over the weekend, FutureSox' Brian Bilek tweeted that the three teams were discussing a trade that would send Quintana to the Pirates, Andrew McCutchen to the Yankees, and young players from both teams (including Tyler Glasnow from the Pirates) to the White Sox. Bilek isn't an established reporter, so take those specifics with a grain of salt, but it now sounds like he at least was right that the three teams have talked about a three-way deal.
Nightengale's tweet came just as I was writing my last post, which dealt with the Quintana rumors. My response then was to agree with Jon Heyman, who tweeted that the Yankees need starting pitching a lot more than they need an outfielder. I guess it wouldn't be a shock if the Yankees did try to end up with McCutchen in a three-way trade, since they would presumably would have to pay less for him than they would for Quintana. McCutchen's a big name, and the Yankees like big names.
Still, this deal doesn't seem very likely. McCutchen's contract (including his option) expires after the 2018 season, which is just at the point where the Yankees can reasonably hope to be really good again. If the Yankees are going to give up young talent, adding Quintana, who is controllable through 2020, makes a lot more sense for them than adding McCutchen does.
Then again, maybe the three teams discussed a deal that involved Quintana but not McCutchen. There's a lot here that isn't known right now.


Lola Astanova
VIP Event
Lorenzo In Venice
Halcyon Gallery
Halcyon Art International
In May 2019, during the 58th International Art Exhibition of the Venice Biennale, the monumental sculpture Building Bridges will be installed in a basin adjacent to the entrance of the Arsenale, in the Castello District of Venice. Building Bridges is composed of six pairs of monumental hands 15 metres high and 20 metres wide – individually titled 'Help', 'Love', 'Friendship', 'Faith', 'Wisdom' and 'Hope'. The installation engages with the history of Venice as a meeting point of international history and culture.
The joining of hands symbolises our commonality, what we share and our ability to unite with an emphasis on bridging differences in all aspects of life – geographically, spiritually, philosophically, culturally and emotionally. The hands suggest a need for contact beyond self-interest, striving for human collaboration and unity. Quinn uses them to communicate complex emotions through a lexicon of gestures and touch, reflecting an ethos of connection and exchange through the language of art.
By using the Arsenale as a site for installation, the work also draws a connection to the city's history as one of the greatest trading powers in Europe, the Western end of the Silk Road trade route and a huge naval authority. Its position today as a World Heritage City attracting tourists from all nations continues Venice's history as a meeting point of culture, and aligns with Quinn's message of world unity.
Halcyon Gallery was established in 1982, specialising in modern and contemporary art. Based in New Bond Street, Mayfair, the gallery represents an exciting selection of renowned international artists. In its London and Shanghai locations it hosts a diverse programme of established artists and new emerging talent.
More about Halcyon Gallery
Lorenzo Quinn has always spoken a universal language, wherever in the world his artwork is placed it creates an immediate impact, whether it be in Mumbai, Venice, New York or Shanghai. Building Bridges is his most ambitions project to date both in scale and thought and will send a unifying message of hope around the world.
President of Halcyon Gallery, Paul Green
Halcyon Art International passionately follows its belief that art should be not only inherently beautiful, but that it should also carry a message, have a meaning and serve a purpose that encourages public engagement. Halcyon Art International has acquired and placed significant and highly prized works by many of the greatest late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century masters and it represents and supports some of the most renowned and appreciated contemporary artists in the world.
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The Kid's Speech
Antonia Ayres-Brown
Illustration by Sam Oldshue.
Wendy Marans' name is a diagnostic test of sorts.
Section one, "wɛndi," isn't too hard. It can be broken down into five distinct sounds: /w/, /ɛ/, /n/, /d/, and /i/. They're all articulated near the front of the oral tract, so the challenge is just remembering to connect the /n/ and /d/ consonant blends. Fortunately, the two phonemes don't occur in distant sites of the mouth, which is the hardest part about other consonant blends like "gr" or "tw." The "nd," sound, in comparison, is manageable. Both /n/ and /d/ are produced by placing the tip of the tongue on the alveolar ridge, the front roof of the mouth that reminds Wendy of the bumpy ridges left on a beach when the tide goes out.
Section two, "mærənz," gets trickier. With seven distinct sounds, an /r/ wedged in the middle, and a voiced /z/ fricative tacked onto the end, "Marans" is complex enough to give any child with a speech impediment some trouble. For these kids, Wendy's surname easily becomes "Maranth," "Mah-ens," "Mawans," or even "Mamem." Some parents get tripped up too, incorrectly placing the emphasis on the second syllable: "Mar-ANS." She's heard almost every possible mistake. Maybe that's why she just goes by Wendy.
Wendy's bubblegum-pink lips curl into a taut frown as she checks the time. Her watch stopped last week and though it's now ticking again, she has been eyeing her wrist sporadically, as if always running a moment late. Her first afternoon appointment doesn't begin for thirty minutes, but it's time for her to start rearranging the room.
The next client is one of her tallest, so Wendy heaves the table onto its side and goes about shifting the length of each of its four legs. Wendy's heels slip out of her shoes as she fidgets with the squeaky pegs, but she declines my offer to assist her. She's accustomed to performing this manual task solo. But I also get the sense that she doesn't trust me to do it carefully enough—or simply as carefully as she will.
After double-checking the notches in each leg, Wendy screws the pegs in place—a few inches higher than they were before. Her carefully-groomed bangs are left slightly disheveled, and I can't help but wonder if the ritual, which she repeats several times a day, is actually necessary. Yet after four decades of working as a pediatric communication disorders specialist, Wendy insists on this level of precision.
The laminate blue-and-grey table is the home base of Wendy's lessons. It's where they all begin, with Wendy sitting diagonally from each child, and where Wendy tries to end each hour-long session, though her youngest patients have a habit of wandering. It's where Wendy conducts intakes to suss out articulation difficulties, where she runs repetitive speech exercises and plays purposeful games when the children grow tired of these exercises, and ultimately, where most of her breakthroughs happen. But if the table is too tall, the child's neck will strain upwards and he may not be able to see; too short, and he'll slouch. Wendy even customizes the size of the plastic school chairs that circle the table so each child can firmly plant his or her feet on the floor. Teaching someone to communicate is not a one-size-fits-all project.
There are no diagrams of the oral tract or pamphlets about communication disorders displayed in Wendy's office, a one-room private practice she opened in 1997. Toys and games are Wendy's tools, each serving a distinct pedagogical purpose. A glittery pinwheel helps children practice the controlled breath release necessary in strident sounds; glossy plastic microphones coax mumblers into projecting. Wendy keeps the beige walls sparsely decorated to avoid distractions. On the window ledge by her desk sit a model wooden train and a miniature metal toboggan. When Wendy knows a client is particularly fond of vehicles, she usually remembers to preemptively hide them. Incorporating a child's interests into a lesson plan is one thing, Wendy once explained, but carelessly leaving a toy within reach is asking for a disturbance in the kid's focus, or even a tantrum. Behind Wendy's desk, pristine glass windows span the entire northern side of the office. Last fall, after a gust of wind once derailed her train of thought, Wendy glanced toward the windows and remarked that they were the most beautiful, and worst, part of her office.
On Wendy's old website, below her educational training and professional experience, appeared a bullet-pointed list of her extracurricular passions: Cello, Flamenco, Quilting. (The page has since been taken down.) Wendy handmade the office's only notable décor—a large multicolored quilt that hangs by her desk—but she repeatedly stresses to me that she has made better quilts. She keeps this flawed one on display only so that she can point to something when children make mistakes, something that shows she makes mistakes too.
"They're made to be squares and top right yellow one isn't," Wendy says, gesturing toward one of the two hundred and ten patches as if it's the first thing I would notice. The top right yellow one hadn't caught my eye, but when I walk closer, I see Wendy's right. I never would have recognized the error—the patch is only slightly rectangular.
For most people, developing one's voice and ability to communicate is something that just sort of happens. But Wendy works with kids for whom that doesn't naturally occur—kids whose capacity to verbally express themselves isn't inborn, but needs to be taught to them. This thing that most people take for granted, speech, is incredibly complex, Wendy says. So maybe this care—her insistence on adjusting the table by several inches, or hanging a near-perfect quilt as an example of a mistake—is necessary.
Wendy's natural speaking voice is crisp, potent, and unmistakably British. Having been raised and schooled in England, Wendy talks with broad vowels and delicately discards her /r/ sounds, letting them slip just before they settle on the tongue. Her specific dialect, Received Pronunciation, is untraceable to any physical region or socioeconomic class. Wendy attributes her speech to her grandmother, who, as a young woman, swore off the Derbyshire parlance—a regional giveaway of her own humble beginnings. Besides a couple adolescent nieces who've acquired the "Mockney" dialect—a middle-class London trend that began during Margaret Thatcher's premiership—everyone in Wendy's family still speaks with Received Pronunciation.
In conversation, Wendy's rich tone is almost melodic, bouncing between syllables like notes, performing dynamic intervals with each clause. Her cadence could dwell within the five lines of a treble clef. When she reaches the end of a sentence, or wants to emphasize a point, she slows her pace and chews on her words, letting them resonate one by one. "I think…it's a…trahhhgedy," she said once, describing other foreigners' tendency to lose their accents after years in the United States.
It's easy to catch yourself intensely listening to Wendy—not explicitly because of what she's saying, but because of how good she sounds saying it. And the primrose hue of her lips, a staple which somehow always looks both girlish and elegant on Wendy, is perhaps her voice's most effective billboard. Listen to me, it says. Watch what's happening here.
Otherwise, Wendy's physical presence is fairly unimposing. She has a small, slender frame, and the child-sized seat in which she conducts lessons never looks as miniature as it seems like it should. She regularly joins patients on the matted blue carpet of her office—sometimes to lie horizontally and use gravity to urge a child's tongue to fall backward; other times, simply to conduct a lesson on the floor if an uncooperative student strays from the table. At the end of eight-hour days, Wendy's hands still flutter with sweeping gestures as she speaks, and her patient, lupine eyes blink with purpose.
With ten minutes remaining before the appointment, Wendy agrees to show me the last unseen area of her office: the closet. Behind a locked wooden door, opaque plastic bins, phonetic diagnostic tests, and niche speech and language-related games are tightly packed from the floor to the ceiling, like a game of Tetris.
"Wow," I exhale. "There are so many…"
Wendy stares into the closet and blinks, as if she's unsure whether my comment was a compliment or a criticism. I scramble to clarify what I meant, but Wendy finds the words faster than I do.
"It's actually very organized," she says. And then she shuts the door.
When I first met Wendy roughly sixteen years ago, I was an extroverted kindergartener with a spitty interdental lisp, biting softly on my tongue with each /s/, and the inability to pronounce my own name.
Section one, æntoniə, wasn't an issue. The hardest part of my first name is just remembering to connect the /n/ and /t/ sounds, but my parents had always called me Anna anyway, voiding the issue of the consonant blend. Section two, ɛɪrz brɑʊn, was my trouble spot, and until I began working with Wendy, I proudly introduced myself as Anna Ayrethhh-Brown to everyone I met.
I don't remember much about our weekly lessons besides the fact that Wendy rewarded me with Cheerios and M&Ms for maneuvering my tongue against the alveolar ridge. She was similar back then—same office, same lupine eyes, same melodic tones—and she taught me to fix my speech impediment by looking, listening, and imitating her, just as my older brother, Henry, had already done with her.
Henry's challenges were more debilitating than mine. As he entered elementary school, both his /r/ and /s/ phonemes were unintelligible, which fractured his ability to communicate with peers, teachers, and our parents. My mother still winces whenever she recalls one evening when Henry asked her to read him a story before bed. Because of Henry's /r/ and /s/ omissions, she heard him ask for a "toy," and scolded him for trying to play so late at night. Henry, desperate to be understood, whined in frustration, "No, Mom! A toe-ey!"
Henry began speech therapy with Wendy in kindergarten and continued until his /s/ and /r/ sounds improved. Other facets of his impediment, like substituting "ch" sounds for "sh," persisted well into middle school. This impairment presented itself most overtly on Sundays, when Henry would gab about singing in "shursh." At our school's annual book swap, where used titles could be traded for tokens called "chits," Henry's classmates mocked him for confidently announcing how many "shits" he had collected.
My family's history with speech impediments, however, predates both Henry and me. When my father was a child, he never mastered his "s" and "th" sounds. Speech therapy was well out of my grandparents' financial means, so my father learned to mask these insecurities by slowing his speaking pace around certain hazardous words. As an adult, he still avoids "ths"—months, truths, myths.
Last year, after I began reporting this profile and researching speech therapy, I sat my father down for an impromptu diagnostic test.
"Say 'anesthesia,'" I instructed.
"Anesthesia," he copied back. No trouble.
"Okay," I said. "Say 'cloths.'"
"Closs."
"No. Cloths," I repeated.
"Closth."
Betrayed by his tongue, he shrugged and left the room, revealing the boy in him I've rarely seen—the boy who never got help with his articulation, the boy who would right that wrong by sending both of his children to speech therapy one day. Later, when I asked my mother what she knew about his ambiguous impediment, I learned that when my parents were deliberating baby names for me, my mother's top choices included "Martha" and "Lilith." My father vetoed both.
In a home video that often makes its rounds during family reunions, I'm five years old and still unaware of my lisp. I stride into the frame and begin to sing: "Little Jackie Paper loved that rathcal puff, and brought him thtrings and thieling wakth, and other fanthy thhhhtuff!"
Interdental /s/ sounds now feel foreign in my mouth, and I don't think of my speech patterns as anyone's but my own, but I sometimes wonder whether lispy tones would still feel foreign if I had never met Wendy—or whether I would have ended up an adult, vetoing baby names like my father did. Sarah. Silas. Spencer. Susannah. Sebastian.
In the opening scene of The King's Speech, the 2010 film about George VI's journey to overcoming his stutter, an unnamed speech pathologist fills the king's mouth with glass marbles and instructs him to enunciate several words. Later in the film, Lionel Logue, the Australian-born elocutionist who ultimately succeeds in improving the stammer, leads the king in a myriad of other unconventional speech exercises: rolling log-style across a dusty carpet, swinging his arms like a windmill, lying down and breathing deeply while the queen sits on his diaphragm. At one point, as King George practices yelling "Ahhh" for fifteen uninterrupted seconds, Logue chimes in above the din: "Anyone who can shout vowels at an open window can learn to deliver a speech!"
Since the movie's release in 2010, speech therapists like Wendy have become used to answering questions about the film, which brought the discipline of speech pathology into the public eye. And though most say that the techniques shown in The King's Speech are outdated by contemporary standards, the film captures a fundamental part of the field's history: its roots in elocution.
During the late 18th century, generations before King George VI assumed the throne, the study of elocution and oratory gained widespread popularity in England. Soon after, the movement migrated to the United States, where writers began studying elocution for individuals with communication disorders. Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, founded Boston's "School of Vocal Physiology and Mechanics of Speech" in 1872, which specialized in speech instruction for deaf pupils. By 1887, there were 1,646 self-proclaimed elocutionists working in the United States.
It was not until the early twentieth century, however, that speech correction evolved into a discipline distinct from elocution. In 1922, Sara Stinchfield Hawk became the first American to receive a doctorate in Speech Pathology. And in 1937, Robert West, who served as the first president of the American Speech Correction Association, published The Rehabilitation of Speech. The classic text is still in print today, and West is known to many as the founding father of speech pathology in the United States.
Wendy's discipline has grown to address myriad speech and language difficulties over the past century. Some speech therapists work primarily with transgender people, assisting in the transition process and highlighting the rhythmic and intonational differences between most men's and women's speech patterns. Other pathologists specialize in post-surgical voice therapy for thyroid and laryngeal cancer patients, or work with individuals after strokes and traumatic brain injuries. Pediatric therapists, like Wendy, treat articulation-related impediments, phonological disorders, and other language and communication difficulties.
Roughly 8 percent of young children in the United States have a speech disorder. By the time kids reach first grade, the prevalence of speech impediments falls to 5 percent. Still, only half of affected kids receive intervention services from speech therapists. The U.S. Department of Labor reported in 2016 that there are roughly 145,000 speech-language pathologists in the United States. A reported 43 percent of these therapists work in schools, but they're often overworked with heavy caseloads—and children with minor but consequential articulation impediments can fall to the wayside.
When Wendy was a young girl, she once gushed to her parents, "Wouldn't 'Multitudes' be a wonderful name for a boy?'"
Now 62, Wendy is unsure where she developed her fascination with speech and language. She often cites the influence of her father, who read Winnie the Pooh to her at bedtime and assumed perfectly suited voices for each of the book's characters. As Wendy matured, she began experimenting with different accents as well, and quickly noticed she had a knack for impersonating regional English dialects. In late elementary school, after meeting a Scottish girl and her family on vacation, Wendy briefly abandoned her Received Pronunciation for a Scottish brogue.
A decade later, Wendy found herself 19 years old and living with her parents after dropping out of a university program in Hotel Management. In an attempt to keep her daughter occupied, Wendy's mother suggested she shadow the speech therapist in Bedford. Over several days, Wendy traveled from appointment to appointment with the pathologist and listened to her deconstruct speech with mind-boggling specificity. Wendy witnessed the complexity of children's communication difficulties and came to believe—for the first time in her life—that speech patterns could be built.
For Wendy, it was a life-changing revelation. She immediately enrolled at the National Hospital's College of Speech Sciences. After receiving her bachelor's, she worked as a speech pathologist in London for seven years, and then returned to The Institute of Neurology to complete a one-year intensive master's program.
During this time, Wendy met "an American"—the most specific she gets when referring to her ex-husband—with whom she moved to the United States in 1984. The couple settled in Connecticut and raised two sons. The kids have their father's accent.
Now, Wendy is a member of both the American Speech–Language–Hearing Association and the Connecticut Speech–Language–Hearing Association. She sometimes attends ASHA's annual convention, which regularly attracts nearly fifteen thousand speech-language pathologists, but last year she opted out. "I'm very…picky," she once confessed to me before correcting herself. "There are certain people I really want to hear."
What Wendy genuinely cares about is the science of phonetics and linguistics as it pertains to communication. Spoken language can be broken down into several units—sentences, words, syllables, and, at its most deconstructed level, phonemes. There are forty-four phonemes in the English language, twenty-four of which are consonants (which challenge children more often than vowels). These two dozen consonantal phonemes make up roughly 62 percent of English speech, and can be categorized by their voice, manner, and place.
Voice refers to whether the vocal folds vibrate or not when producing a noise. Because of this distinction, the same physical movements in the oral tract can produce different sounds, such as /s/ and /z/, or /p/ and /b/. Manner, on the other hand, describes how air is released when making a sound. Plosive consonants, like /p/ and /t/, are characterized by full blockage of the airstream, followed by a quick release of air. Fricative consonants, including /f/ and /v/, create a hissing-like tone by releasing air through a tight opening.
Lastly, place describes where a phoneme occurs within the scope of the oral tract. Bilabial consonants, /p/, /b/, and /m/, are articulated between the lips. Labiodental consonants, /f/ and /v/, manifest when the bottom lip touches the upper incisors. Dental consonants, like the voiceless "th" sound in "thin," are made by extending the tongue tip slightly between the upper and lower incisors. Alveolar consonants, such as /t/, /d/, and /s/, occur when the tongue blade is raised to the alveolar ridge. The glottal consonant /h/ occurs when the vocal folds do not vibrate but are close enough to produce friction as air is exhaled. The list goes on.
A properly trained speech pathologist, Wendy says, should be able to transcribe any consonant, vowel, or diphthong by ear—and identify its voice, manner, and place. One of Wendy's biggest complaints about her field is how underappreciated this scientific part goes, and how frequently acquaintances—the same kind that ask about The King's Speech—confuse speech pathology with the less-scientific discipline of elocution. "When I was starting out, people heard you were a speech therapist and they would go, 'How now brown cow,'" Wendy once remarked, rolling her eyes.
Wendy points to her lips, painted her signature pink. "Are these two the same or different?" she asks, adopting a hard American /r/ for the session. "Arr…arr…arr. Arrarrarr."
The five-year-old boy sitting at the table, Samuel, tucks his chin and continues twisting his yellow rain boots around the legs of his chair. (To protect the child's privacy, Samuel is a pseudonym.) He starts to pick at the Wallingford Police Station temporary tattoo that's been on his arm for ten days.
Wendy tries again. "What part of my mouth is mostly moving? Arrarrarr."
Samuel started attending weekly lessons with Wendy in the spring of 2017. When they first began, he had a medley of severe articulation issues: he struggled with the strident system, which includes sounds like "sh" and "ch"; he displayed non-rhotacism, omitting his "r" sounds; and he substituted "th" for "f," expressing his characteristically good manners with "please" and "fank you." Many speech therapists wait until a child is eight years old to treat these issues, as there's a chance they'll resolve naturally, but Samuel persuaded Wendy with his eagerness and aptitude. At their first lesson, when Wendy asked him why he thought they were meeting, Samuel was certain. "I'm here so you can teach me to say 'shursh,'" he said, unknowingly echoing my brother.
Samuel has since improved his strident sounds and learned to articulate "r" at the end of words, but he still can't isolate his tongue on r-initial words like "rat," or r-remedial words like "carrot." Wendy hopes that "Arrarrarr" will push Samuel to articulate the "r" sound before a vowel, but his lips have a habit of rounding into the "w" shape when he doesn't pause between each "r."
Samuel finally tilts his head back in frustration, shakes his bronze curls, and howls. "Arr! Arr! Arr!" Not quite. Wendy furrows her eyebrows and playfully corrects him: "That sounds like a hiccupping seal."
After twenty years of running her private practice, Wendy rarely encounters articulation issues that she doesn't know how to fix, once she has cracked what she calls the child's "systematic error code." For almost any common problem like a lisp or non-rhotacism, Wendy knows a set of strategies—some technical and some not-so-technical—that she uses until she identifies one that works best. When she first started working with Samuel last spring, Wendy began with her usual technique: make a long "ee" and imagine the tongue is glued to the palate but allowed to slide from front to back. As the tongue moves backward in the mouth, "ee" becomes "eer."
This visual didn't work with Samuel—he couldn't move his tongue without rounding his lips—so Wendy shifted to a less mechanical approach: do a seal impression. Samuel correctly articulated an "r" on his first try.
Between their weekly sessions, Samuel frequently practices speech exercises for fun, which Wendy says is practically unheard of. His r-final word articulation has now improved to the point that he corrects Wendy when she forgets her affected American /r/. Wendy recognizes the irony in teaching children a speech pattern that she does not share, but her accent doesn't undermine her effectiveness, she says. If anything, it makes the children's final /r/ sounds, though systematically constructed, more their own.
"I say to them, 'You'll be better at this than I am,'" Wendy tells me after Samuel's session wraps up. "And they are, by the time they finish."
A week later, Samuel's Wallingford Police Station tattoo, now seventeen days out, has peeled to only a grey penumbra of a crest. He practiced "Arrrarrrarrr" at home this week, and Wendy thinks he's ready for full r-initial words. She pulls out a page scattered with terms: rope, road, read, ring, rag, rat, red, rip, rug, run.
Wendy has scrupulously sketched a picture beside each word to provide a visual cue. The hand-drawn illustrations strike me like Wendy's micro-adjustment of the table, but this time, I trust that whatever energy and attention she put into them is necessary. That maybe, one day, they'll be a part of why Samuel won't have to dodge words with perilous r sounds or veto baby names of his own.
Samuel and Wendy take turns pointing to a picture and reciting the corresponding word. When Samuel's lips begin to round, Wendy gently rests her palm against his lower lip.
In a moment between drills, Samuel spots old papers protruding from Wendy's case binder. "That's from when you couldn't say 'church,'" Wendy says. Samuel clicks his tongue indignantly.
"I can say it!" he retorts. "Churrrrrrrrrrch."
—Antonia Ayres-Brown is a senior in Saybrook College.
Posted on December 13, 2018 December 13, 2018 Author Antonia Ayres-BrownCategories FeaturesTags December 2018 – Volume 51 Issue 3
One thought on "The Kid's Speech"
Theodore L Brown says:
What a perceptive piece, instructive while shedding light on the author's personal history. I finished the piece filled with admiration for Wendy's patience and sensitivity to the complex world of children,
Beautifully organized and written.
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A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies
Jens Sejrup
Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University
Research output: Contribution to specialist publication or newspaper › Newspaper article
An account of my personal experiences working at the intersection between Japanese and Taiwanese studies, this article outlines major differences between approaches and concerns in studies of the mass media in the two countries and describes challenges and opportunities for research trying to span the two different fields.
Specialist publication
EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4
Published - 2014 Jul 31
Other Social Sciences
http://www.afec-etudeschinoises.com/IMG/pdf/EATS_News_issue_4_310714.pdf
Dive into the research topics of 'A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Japanese studies Social Sciences 100%
mass media Social Sciences 64%
Taiwan Social Sciences 57%
Sejrup, J. (2014). A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies. EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4, 18-20. http://www.afec-etudeschinoises.com/IMG/pdf/EATS_News_issue_4_310714.pdf
Sejrup, Jens. / A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies. In: EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4. 2014 ; pp. 18-20.
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Sejrup, J 2014, 'A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies' EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4, pp. 18-20. <http://www.afec-etudeschinoises.com/IMG/pdf/EATS_News_issue_4_310714.pdf>
A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies. / Sejrup, Jens.
In: EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4, 31.07.2014, p. 18-20.
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Sejrup J. A Foot in Two Camps: Taiwan and Japanese Studies. EATS News: The Newsletter of the European Association of Taiwan Studies, No. 4. 2014 Jul 31;18-20.


Life.Church
Keeping Experiences Consistent Across Multiple Campuses
We believe that excellence honors God and inspires people. So as a multi-site church with 25 physical locations on a weekend, consistency and clarity must be the building blocks of excellence.
For the most part, every service at Life.Church flows almost exactly the same at each location with subtle differences in the content—the campus pastor and worship pastors at each campus choose songs for their location, and each campus pastor communicates something specific to their campus during their stage time. Because we sync every service at every campus to the same message via satellite, timing of every element in our experiences has to be consistent each weekend.
Any change to the regular flow of the service is carefully considered and communicated to the entire production team. Leaders from our campus operations team work with our senior pastor to finalize the details of how to make a change in our service flow, then communicate that change to the campus pastor and worship pastor at each location so they can lead through with clarity to their campus teams. Examples of subtle changes to a weekend service flow are adding a live worship song to the end of the main message or a child dedication in the middle of the worship set.
We try to never make last-minute changes to upcoming services, but there is, however, a constant feedback loop for improvements we can make over time. For example, we might change how we transition between service elements or what a campus pastor talks about during stage time.
What we've learned:
We've found that multi-campus works best when every campus feels like the main campus. We create this feeling by replicating the experience down to the second across locations and then being intentional about creating a local, personal atmosphere through stage time, friendly greeters & ushers and volunteers on our host teams and operations teams, local imagery in the lobby, and more. When a campus feels recognizable and personable, people will feel at home there.
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Planting a New Campus with the Right Heart
If you lead an existing church or campus, and you hear that your church will be planting a new church, campus, or multi-site location, it can be hard to keep your heart right. You may feel like you're losing attenders, losing the tithe, or losing the cachet you alone had enjoyed in your town. We...
Hillsong Training: Long-Distance Leadership
Join Joel A'Bell, Lead Pastor of Hillsong Australia, on this Online Open Week webinar as he discusses how leaders within multi-site churches can adapt their leadership style to the challenges and opportunities created by distance between leaders and their teams. This webinar is par...
The Beginning of Multi-site
Innovation happens where passion meets constraints. At first, it's a strange concept, but we've found that when you're backed up against a wall, you come up with some of your most ingenious solutions. For us, being constrained by a budget and a growing congregation forced us to think about alternat...


Apple sued over death blamed on faulty iPad battery
In the early morning of February 22, 2017, a fire broke out at the apartment of 64-year-old Bradley Ireland in Parsippany, New Jersey.
Sadly, Ireland suffered serious injuries in the fire and died some hours later.
The reason why we're talking about this? According to a law suit newly filed by Ireland's daughter, Julia Ireland Meo, a defective Apple iPad is being blamed for the fire.
According to the law suit filed against Apple, "the fire and the resulting death… was caused by the defectively designed and/or defectively manufactured subject tablet."
The suit is not specific about how much money Ireland's family hopes to receive from Apple, but it does ask for compensatory damages, interest, and costs including attorney fees.
Apple iPhones and iPads are powered by Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Considering that Apple claims to have sold more than two billion iPhones and iPads, you would expect any serious defect in the manufacturing of their batteries to have come to light before now.
I might understand it if a device had been badly damaged in a store or during shipment, but if there was an inherent problem with iPhone and iPad batteries catching fire you would have expected to have heard much more about it by now.
That's not to say that other technology manufacturers haven't suffered serious problems in this area.
The likes of Dell, Lenovo, and Nokia are amongst the numerous companies who have in the past recalled millions of batteries in their laptops and phones due to safety concerns.
Perhaps most notoriously, in 2016 Samsung announced it was recalling millions of its Galaxy Note 7 smartphones over a battery flaw. A few months later, a fire broke out at a Samsung manufacturing plant. A fire caused by… err… faulty batteries.
Although reports of Apple's popular gadgets catching fire are relatively rare, they're not completely unknown.
For instance, last year, a family in British Columbia demanded CA $600,000 (US $454,000) from Apple after its uninsured farmhouse was destroyed in a blaze. A fire that the family blamed upon a cable being used to charge an iPhone 6.
I have no way of knowing if there is any truth in a faulty iPad battery being to blame for the apartment fire, but it sure seems a lot less frivolous than the class action brought earlier this month by a man who's upset that Apple's two-factor authentication process takes too much time.
#fire
Graham Cluley Follow @gcluley Graham Cluley is a veteran of the anti-virus industry having worked for a number of security companies since the early 1990s when he wrote the first ever version of Dr Solomon's Anti-Virus Toolkit for Windows. Now an independent security analyst, he regularly makes media appearances and is an international public speaker on the topic of computer security, hackers, and online privacy. Follow him on Twitter at @gcluley, or drop him an email.
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Erection your honour! Lawyers find themselves behind bars after they make porn movies in an attempt to scam internet users, boffins in Israel detail a way to steal data from an air-gapped computer, and Instagram coughs up $30,000 after a researcher finds a simple way to hack into anybody's account.
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Dell's 'apology' for eDellRoot fails to say sorry for putting your security at risk
eDellRoot, the huge security hole shipped with Dell laptops and PCs – what you need to know
The man suing Apple over two-factor authentication has 'previous'
Feb 20, 2019 1 min read
3 Replies to "Apple sued over death blamed on faulty iPad battery"
coyote says:
No. Apple should not be sued. This is a problem with Li batteries in general. And who's to say he didn't have too many devices plugged in? Who's to say any number of other things? Tragic? Sure. But with electricity comes a risk. Deal with it like an adult and don't try and get rich off it[0]. This is sort of like someone suing a battery company because they left batteries loose and two touched each other and ignited. In other words it's ridiculous and not the company's fault.
Agree with your last thought for sure. My thinking is that instead of trying to get money they would be better to raise awareness. You know – for the better of mankind rather than selfishness?
[0] It's not much better than arson for insurance purposes in my mind.
Couple other things:
They want attorney costs covered? If they weren't suing would they have any? Certainly they wouldn't have as many so it's sort of their own doing.
'you would expect any serious defect in the manufacturing of their batteries to have come to light before now'
Good point. And brilliant pun. (I only saw it after reading the article after scrolling up – didn't read it at first.)
In the end this is a problem with batteries and electricity and even if there was a damage in shipment the new owner should be sensible enough to contact Apple (or whomever/whatever) rather than use it. If not it's their fault if any fault can be placed,.
Angie Jones says:
For all we know, he was probably using it while he was charging it, fell asleep and it over heated because it was on his bed, and it caught fire, or he could've been using a cheap 3rd party charger. It's not the first time that's happened. I use my iPhone while it's charging overnight and it gets warm, but I use the charger than came with my phone, and I usually put it on the floor when I'm finished.
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BOOK REVIEWS england fossils geology palaeontology
Book review: Walking the West Jurassic Coast; and Walking the East Jurassic Coast, by Robert Westwood
Jon Trevelyan (UK)
In recent years, the Jurassic Coast Trust really has produced some great books and I have had the privilege of reviewing quite a number of them in this magazine. These two companion books are intended as walking guides to the World Heritage Site – the so-called 'Jurassic Coast' and the first covers the western limb from Orcombe Point to the Fleet, while the second deals with the eastern part, from Portland to Studland.
Like all the Trust's current crop of books, they are dominated by bold, full colour photographs of this wonderful coastline. And interspersing the photos is text, briefly but succinctly explaining the geology that a hiker will see as he or she tramps the public footpaths. While I would always recommend walking with (at the very least) an OS map, the guides cleverly mark the route to be taken with dotted white lines in the large aerial photographs, which provide both a clear route and a visual representation of the geology discussed in the text.
For each of the walks (there are 16 in one guide and 17 in the other), the guides provide details of the distance, estimate time, level of difficulty, total ascent made during the walk, the relevant OS map and the grid reference for the starting point. The walks are then described both generally and in more detail and, being small, the books can easily be carried in a map case or coat pocket.
Where there is interesting geology (where isn't there any on this coastline?), the guides go into detail using text boxes and colour photographs. Therefore, the books more than adequately handle the fascinating geology of the area for anyone interested in the subject matter – from the red deserts of the Triassic, through the tropical seas of the Jurassic, the marshy braided rivers and dinosaurs of the Lower Cretaceous, to the algal blooms of the Upper Cretaceous chalk seas.
I can certainly say that these are excellent little holiday guides that should accompany anybody who is looking to explore this wonderful coastline, and I can't recommend them enough.
Walking the West Jurassic Coast, by Robert Westwood, Coastal Publishing Wareham, Dorset (2010), 64 pages (paperback), ISBN: 978-0954484576
Walking the East Jurassic Coast, by Robert Westwood, Coastal Publishing Wareham, Dorset (2010), 64 pages (paperpack), ISBN: 978-0954484569
devondorset
Book review: Mull in the Shaping, by Rosalind Jones
Book review: Introducing Tectonics, Rock Structures and Mountain Belts, by Graham Park


Home > HRC_ORALHISTORY > MCHV > interviewsessions > 102
Interview Sessions
Ethan Dmitrovsky, MD, Oral History Interview, March 3, 2015
Ethan Dmitrovsky MD, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Download Full Interview Transcript (519 KB)
Major Topics Covered:
Personal and educational background; overseas experience and inspiration
Research: cell differentiation; retinoids in leukemic differentiation; lung cancer studies
The Role of the Provost; personal goals; institutional mandate; detailed of plans
MD Anderson's ten-year strategic plan
Research in an environment of changing economics and health care delivery
Chapter 01: An Early Desire to Be a Physician and Focus on Difficult Illnesses
Chapter 02: College Influences: A Research Project, a Book, and Working as an Orderly
Chapter 03: Medical School and a Life-Changing Experience as a Physician Volunteer Near the Cambodia-Thailand Border
Chapter 04: A Fellowship and a Risky and Successful Study of Cell Differentiation
Chapter 05: A Faculty Position and a New Laboratory to Study the Role of Retinoids in Leukemic Differentiation
Chapter 06: Shifting Focus to Lung Cancer
Chapter 07: Coming to MD Anderson to Have a Broader Impact on Health
Chapter 08: Views on MD Anderson's 10-Year Strategic Plan and the Role of the Provost
Chapter 09: Creating a New Way of Conducting Research and Caring for Patients in a Changing Environment
DmitrovskyE_01_20150303
The Historical Resources Center, Research Medical Library, The University of Texas Cancer Center
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas System. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute
History of Science, Technology, and Medicine | Oncology | Oral History
About the Interview
About the Interview Subject:
Ethan Dmitrovsky, MD came to MD Anderson in 2013 to serve as the institution's Provost and Executive Vice President. He has a faculty appointment in the Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology in the Division of Cancer Medicine.
Dr. Dmitrovsky's translational research areas include: retinoid differentiation-based therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); developed the molecular genetic test used to detect the PML/RARalpha transcript from the APL t(15;17) rearrangement; retinoid mechanisms leading to cell cycle arrest and repair of DNA damage in normal/malignant lung epithelial cells; engineered transgenic mouse models that express wild-type or proteasomal degradation-resistant cyclin E species in the lung; derived lung cancer cell lines leading to a new model to assess activity of lung cancer therapy and chemopreventive agents (antineoplastics).
Dmitrovsky, Ethan MD and Rosolowski, Tacey A. PhD, "Ethan Dmitrovsky, MD, Oral History Interview, March 3, 2015" (2015). Interview Sessions. 102.
https://openworks.mdanderson.org/mchv_interviewsessions/102


22 5 月 The History of Alishan Forest Railway: Transformation from Logging Industry to Forest Tourism
Posted at 12:31h in Articles 知識文章, Featured news(English)	by	hsuan
A photo of the Railway back in Japanese colonial period. (Source: The News Lens 關鍵評論網)
The Geography of Alishan
The term "Alishan" itself is a general name for the mountainous region in the Midsouth of Taiwan, composed of 18 different peaks. With an area of 1397.83 hectares in total, the area is now governed by Chiayi County. The railway runs from Chiayi train station (elevation 30 m) to Alishan Station (elevation 2,216 m). Along the way up the mountain are numerous switchbacks and outstanding scenic beauty. The vegetation also changes from tropical to temperate and finally alpine.
Originally constructed by the Japanese Colonial Government in 1912, the narrow gauge lines were designed to facilitate the logging of cypress and Taiwania wood. Because of its rich resources Alishan used to be one of three major official logging centers (the other two are Taipingshan and Basianshan) during the colonial period. Later, logging resources had been depleted and the area began to rely on tourism as the major economic driver in the area. How did they, however, managed to overcome all the challenges in those lofty mountains and build the railway?
The Construction of Forest Railway
In 1895, after the signing of Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Japanese government took over Taiwan and started the land-use and forest resources survey. They found that Alishan was rich in cypress and Taiwania wood. In order to take advantages of the resources, Nogi Maresuke (乃木希典), the governor-general of Taiwan, drafted a development plan. Forest experts were thus invited to investigate the solution, to figure out how to overcome the geographical constraints to transport the logs.
The construction was postponed to 1906 because the government was focusing on building the West Coast railway line and also due to the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War. Alishan Railway began its operation in 1912 and kept expanding its coverage to facilitate the logging industry. The length of the mainline were 71.9 km in total, its branch lines 45.377 km, making it longest railway line in Taiwan with most dramatic topography changes, covering 310 bridges and 73 caves. The construction is among the most difficult ones back in the time.
Features of the Alishan Forest Railway
With its Horseshoe curve line, spiral loop, Z-shaped switchbacks, and Shay locomotives as motive power, Alishan Forest Railway has four of the five mountain railway characteristics listed by UNESCO.
It's worth mentioning that the Z-shaped switchbacks were designed to accommodate the rises and falls in topography. The train would move forward but at times move backward, as if it had run into the mountainside, which has become part of the the railway's uniqueness.
Alishan Forest Railway has been operating for more than 100 years. With the development of the economy, the once timber carrier now has become a tourist attraction. So, why not take a ride and enjoy the scenic train ride? The train will take us back in time. While we're traveling surrounded by the forest, we'll witness an intriguing part of the Railway development history in Taiwan.
Source Article: https://www.thenewslens.com/article/117276
05/19 泛旅時事總匯


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Prof.Baaquie holds a Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics, Cornell University (1976). He received his training in theoretical physics at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and Cornell University, New York, specialising in quantum field theory. He later developed an interest in finance and economics, and started applying quantum mathematics to these fields. He has written three books on quantum finance: Quantum Field Theory for Economics and Finance (Cambridge, 2018), Interest Rates and Coupon Bonds in Quantum Finance (Cambridge, 2009) and Quantum Finance (Cambridge, 2007) in addition to several other books focusing on topics from quantum mechanics and mathematics to books on the leading ideas in science. Baaquie joined QuantGates at our Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) in 2019.
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