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Snapshotscience
Snapshot of Science for May 2019
Welcome to our Snapshot of Science for May 2019
Welcome to the May 2019 edition of Snapshot of Science. Here's a quick look at some recent publications, press releases and stories about the Mass General Research Institute community.
In this issue we highlight:
26 new studies published in high impact journals, along with 18 summaries submitted by the research teams
8 posts from the Mass General Research Institute blog
A CONNECTION BETWEEN FRATAXIN AND OXYGEN
Hypoxia Rescues Frataxin Loss by Restoring Iron Sulfur Cluster Biogenesis
Ast T, Meisel JD, Patra S, Wang H, Grange RMH [et al.], Mootha VK.
Published in Cell on April 25, 2019 | *Summary available
IDENTIFYING A TARGET FOR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
Defining the Core Essential Genome of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Poulsen BE, Yang R, Clatworthy AE, White T, Osmulski SJ [et al.], Hung DT.
Published in PNAS on April 29, 2019 | *Summary available
UNDERSTANDING BROWN FAT ACTIVITY
Exploring the In Vivo Role of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Brown Fat Bioenergetics
Flicker D, Sancak Y, Mick E, Goldberger O, Mootha VK.
Published in Cell Reports on April 30, 2019 | *Summary available
CREATING SAFER ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
Reprogramming the Microenvironment with Tumor-selective Angiotensin Blockers Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy
Chauhan VP, Chen IX, Tong R, Ng MR, Martin JD [et al.], Jain RK.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ALCOHOLISM
Alcoholism Gender Differences in Brain Responsivity to Emotional Stimuli
Sawyer KS, Maleki N, Urban T, Marinkovic K, Karson S [et al.], Oscar-Berman M.
Published in eLife on April 30, 2019 | *Summary available
ANTI-BCMA CAR-T CELL THERAPY FOR MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy bb2121 in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, Siegel D, Jagannath S [et al.], Kochenderfer JN.
Published in New England Journal of Medicine on May 2, 2019
IDENTIFYING CRITICAL REGIONS OF VIRAL PROTEINS IN HIV
Structural Topology Defines Protective CD8+ T Cell Epitopes in the HIV Proteome
Gaiha GD, Rossin EJ, Urbach J, Landeros C, Collins DR [et al.], Walker BD.
Published in Science on May 3, 2019 | *Summary available
ISOLATED SEVERE TRICUSPID REGURGITATION
Surgery is Not Associated with Improved Survival Compared to Medical Therapy in Isolated Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
Axtell AL, Bhambhani V, Moonsamy P, Healy EW, Picard MH [et al.], Wasfy JH.
Published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology on May 3, 2019 | *Summary available
LIFE SATISFACTION IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS
General Health and Life Satisfaction in Children With Chronic Illness
Blackwell CK, Elliott AJ, Ganiban J, Herbstman J, Hunt K [et al.], Camargo CA Jr.
Published in Pediatrics on May 6, 2019 | *Summary available
DETERMINING THE ROLE OF STRA8 IN MEIOSIS
Meiotic Gatekeeper STRA8 Suppresses Autophagy by Repressing Nr1d1 Expression During Sermatogenesis in Mice
Ferder IC, Fung L, Ohguchi Y, Zhang X, Lassen KG [et al.], Wang N.
Published in PLOS Genetics on May 6, 2019
THE IMPORTANCE OF JOB SATISFACTION
Assessment of Job Satisfaction and Feeling Valued in Academic Medicine
Simpkin AL, Chang Y, Yu L, Campbell EG, Armstrong K [et al.], Walensky RP.
Published in JAMA Internal Medicine on May 6, 2019 | *Summary available
TARGETING THE CXCR3 CHEMOKINE SYSTEM
Intratumoral Activity of the CXCR3 Chemokine System is Required for the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Therapy
Chow MT, Ozga AJ, Servis RL, Frederick DT, Lo JA [et al.], Luster AD.
Published in Immunity on May 6, 2019
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROTEINS AND CHOLESTEROL-CARRYING PARTICLES
Association of an HDL Apolipoproteomic Score with Coronary Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Death
Natarajan P, Collier TS, Jin Z, Lyass A, Li Y [et al.], Januzzi JL Jr.
INSIGHTS INTO GUT HEALTH FROM BACTERIAL METABOLITES
Bacteroides-Derived Sphingolipids are Critical for Maintaining Intestinal Homeostasis and Symbiosis
Brown EM, Ke X, Hitchcock D, Jeanfavre S, Avila-Pacheco J [et al.], Xavier RJ.
Published in Cell Host Microbe on May 8, 2019 | *Summary available
PINPOINTING RESISTANCE-RELATED MUTATIONS IN TB
GWAS for Quantitative Resistance Phenotypes in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Reveals Resistance Genes and Regulatory Regions
Farhat MR, Freschi L, Calderon R, Ioerger T, Snyder M [et al.], Murray M.
Published in Nature Communications on May 13, 2019
THE IMPLICATIONS OF HEALED PLAQUES
Healed Culprit Plaques in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
Fracassi F, Crea F, Sugiyama T, Yamamoto E, Uemura S [et al.], Jang IK.
Published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology on May 14, 2019 | *Summary available
HOW GLYCOSYLATION AFFECTS IMMUNODOMINANCE
Influenza Antigen Engineering Focuses Immune Responses to a Subdominant but Broadly Protective Viral Epitope
Bajic G, Maron MJ, Adachi Y, Onodera T, McCarthy KR [et al.], Schmidt AG.
Published in Cell Host Microbe on May 14, 2019
PRIMING THE TUMOR ENVIRONMENT FOR SUCCESSFUL IMMUNE CHECKPOINT THERAPY
Targeting the CBM Complex Causes Treg Cells to Prime Tumours for Immune Checkpoint Therapy
Di Pilato M, Kim EY, Cadilha BL, Prüßmann JN, Nasrallah MN [et al.], Mempel TR.
Published in Nature on May 15, 2019 | *Summary available
EVALUATING EFFICACY OF ALPELISIB FOR ADVANCED BREAST CANCER
Alpelisib for PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer
André F, Ciruelos E, Rubovszky G, Campone M, Loibl S [et al.], Juric D.
Published in New England Journal of Medicine on May 16, 2019
UNDERSTANDING IMMUNE RESPONSES OF INDIVIDUALS NATURALLY IMMUNE TO TB
IFN-γ-independent Immune Markers of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Exposure
Lu LL, Smith MT, Yu KKQ, Luedemann C, Suscovich TJ [et al.], Alter G.
Published in Nature Medicine on May 20, 2019 | *Summary available
LEVERAGING SIMILARITIES BETWEEN SIV AND HIV
The Chimpanzee SIV Envelope Trimer: Structure and Deployment as an HIV Vaccine Template
Andrabi R, Pallesen J, Allen JD, Song G, Zhang J [et al.], Burton DR.
Published in Cell Reports on May 21, 2019
INSIGHTS INTO MULTI-MODAL TREATMENTS FOR LUNG CANCER
Patient-specific Tumor Growth Trajectories Determine Persistent and Resistant Cancer Cell Populations During Treatment with Targeted Therapies
Grassberger C, McClatchy DM, Geng C, Kamran SC, Fintelmann F [et al.], Paganetti H.
Published in Cancer Research on May 21, 2019 | *Summary available
BENEFITS OF EARLY HIV TREATMENT
Augmentation of HIV-specific T Cell Function by Immediate Treatment of Hyperacute HIV-1 Infection
Ndhlovu ZM, Kazer SW, Nkosi T, Ogunshola F, Muema DM [et al.], Walker BD.
Published in Science Translational Medicine on May 22, 2019 | *Summary available
GENETIC TRIGGERS FOR MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE
Primary Cilia Defects Causing Mitral Valve Prolapse
Toomer KA, Yu M, Fulmer D, Guo L, Moore KS [et al.], Norris RA.
Published in Science Translational Medicine on May 22, 2019
THE ROLE OF NEUROINFLAMMATION IN NEGATIVE AFFECT
The Neuroinflammatory Component of Negative Affect in Patients with Chronic Pain
Albrecht DS, Kim M, Akeju O, Torrado-Carvajal A, Edwards RR [et al.], Loggia ML.
Published in Molecular Psychiatry on May 28, 2019 | *Summary available
UNDERSTANDING THE TIMING OF SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN BRAIN AGING
When Does the Youthfulness of the Female Brain Emerge?
Tu Y, Fu Z, Maleki N.
Published in PNAS on May 28, 2019 | *Summary available
Published in Cell on April 25, 2019
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a devastating neurological disorder that results in ataxia- problems with movement and coordination- impaired speech, hearing, and vision as well as diabetes and heart muscle disease. The Mootha lab has recently discovered that frataxin, the gene whose depletion causes FRDA, is completely unnecessary in low oxygen tensions. Human cells, yeast, worms and mice that are depleted for frataxin and typically develop complications seen in FRDA thrive if they are kept in low oxygen tensions. While there is still a lot of work to be done before the results of this work can be translated into a therapy, this exciting basic research points to a profound and conserved connection between frataxin and oxygen.
(Summary submitted by Tslil Ast, PhD, Department of Molecular Biology)
Published in PNAS on April 29, 2019
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared antibiotic resistance one of the greatest threats to human health. However, antibiotic discovery has been challenging, in part due to incomplete knowledge of the essential bacterial genes that could be targeted for antibiotic discovery. Mass General researchers and colleagues have presented a strategy for identifying these critical essential genes, focusing on the priority pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but generalizable to all pathogens. By performing genome-wide genetic selection studies on a diverse collection of clinically-isolated strains and infection-relevant growth conditions, they identified a set of core essential genes that constitute a high-priority list of candidate targets for drug discovery.
(Summary submitted by Brad Poulsen, PhD, Department of Molecular Biology)
Published in Cell Reports on April 30, 2019
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is an ancient channel that mediates calcium signaling between the cytosol and mitochondria. The uniporter has been reported to have high activity in mitochondria isolated from brown fat, but the contribution of the channel to in vivo brown fat physiology has not been explored. Here, we show that complete genetic ablation of the uniporter in brown fat does not impair this tissue's activity in vivo in mice. Unexpectedly, we also report that that cold exposure powerfully induces ATF4-dependent stress signaling in brown fat. This leads to increased circulation of the energy regulating hormones FGF21 and GDF15, suggesting a mechanism whereby brown fat activity supports systemic metabolic health.
(Summary submitted by Daniel Flicker, PhD, Department of Molecular Biology)
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can either inhibit or enable antitumor immunity, suggesting that they may be reprogrammed between these states. Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs can reprogram CAFs to a quiescent state, but it is unknown whether ARBs can enhance antitumor immunity. Moreover, ARBs cause adverse effects that limit their use in cancer. We created safer ARBs by chemically linking them to a polymer that degrades selectively in the slightly acidic microenvironment of tumors but not in the neutral environment outside of tumors. This tumor selectivity makes ARBs more effective at reprogramming CAFs while eliminating their side effects. These enhanced ARBs reduce immunosuppression and improve cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
(Summary submitted by Vikash Pal Singh Chauhan, formerly of the Steele Laboratories of Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology)
Published in eLife on April 30, 2019
In a neuroimaging study of brain activity, abstinent alcoholic men and women were compared to control groups of nonalcoholic men and women. Volunteers were shown emotionally charged images of happy, erotic, gruesome, and aversive scenes, along with neutral images, and the differences in brain responses to the emotionally charged images versus the neutral ones were then analyzed. Abstinent alcoholic men had more muted brain responses to the emotionally charged images than alcoholic women. This effect was seen in brain regions involved in memory and emotion. Consideration of such alcoholism-related gender differences offers opportunities to improve strategies for facilitating treatment.
(Summary submitted by Kayle Sawyer, PhD, Martinos Center)
Published in Science on May 3, 2019
Vaccine design for highly mutable pathogens is hindered by the absence of methods to reliably identify vulnerable sites for immune targeting. In this study, we utilized a new approach that applies network theory to HIV protein structure to identify regions critical to the structural integrity of viral proteins. Mutation of amino acids at important network positions disproportionately impaired viral replication. Moreover, targeting of networked amino acids by cytotoxic T cells was strongly associated with natural control of HIV infection. This approach reveals a mechanistic basis for successful immune control of HIV and a means to design rational T cell-based vaccines.
(Summary submitted by Gaurav Gaiha, MD, Department of Gastroenterology)
Published in Journal of the American College of Cardiolody on May 3, 2019
Tricuspid valve regurgitation is a disorder in which the valve between the two right heart chambers does not close properly, causing blood to flow backwards into the heart's upper right chamber. Over time, this can lead to heart failure and patients with this condition have a high risk of death. When tricuspid valve regurgitation occurs alone (i.e. no other heart valves are abnormal), the role of surgical intervention to repair or replace the valve is unclear. In this study, researchers compare a matched sample of patients with isolated tricuspid regurgitation and demonstrate that there is no difference in long-term survival regardless of whether patients underwent surgery or medical therapy alone.
(Summary submitted by Andrea Axtell, MD, Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery)
Published in Pediatrics on May 6, 2019
Dr Carlos Camargo (Mass General Emergency Medicine) and colleagues investigated children's general health and life satisfaction in the context of chronic illness. Briefly, more than 1,100 caregivers completed validated instruments to help assess their children's health. As expected, children with chronic illness had worse general health than those without illness. By contrast, children with chronic illness had similar levels of life satisfaction. The authors concluded that "although children with chronic illness have lower parent-reported general health, their life satisfaction appears comparable with that of peers without chronic illness." The study suggests that chronic illnesses do not preclude children from leading happy and satisfying lives.
(Summary submitted by Carlos Camargo, MD, DrPH, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Published in JAMA Internal Medicine on May 6, 2019
With evidence suggesting faculty are increasingly dissatisfied and burnt-out in their current work environment, researchers at Mass General sought to determine some of the key variables that influence job satisfaction. They found significant association with feeling valued by leadership, feeling treated with respect, and feeling that the work environment was social and supportive. The good news is there is much that is amenable to change, which may not require large sums of money to fix. This study suggests wise investment would be in social capital—promoting a sense of value and respect in the work environment, identifying and eliminating sources of discrimination, and intentionally boosting collegiality.
(Summary submitted by Arabella Simpkin, MD, MMSc, Department of Medicine)
Published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology on May 7, 2019
Cholesterol, packaged in complex particles, are importing predictors for heart attack risk and are drug targets for reducing heart attack risk. In addition to conveying cholesterol, these complex particles have diverse functions which may also influence heart attack risk. Drs. Natarajan, Januzzi, and colleagues profiled several proteins that determine the functions of cholesterol-carrying particles in nearly 1,000 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization at Mass General. They observed that these proteins independently influence the likelihood of developing plaque in heart arteries as well as future risk of cardiovascular death after plaque is present in the heart arteries. Whether novel therapies that alter these proteins can reduce cardiovascular risk requires future study.
(Summary submitted by Pradeep Natarajan, MD, MMSc, Deprtment of Caridology)
Published in Cell Host Microbe on May 8, 2019
The human intestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms and their metabolic products that are necessary for health. Changes in this microbial environment contribute to disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), but our understanding of how these changes influence disease is incomplete due to limited knowledge of the breadth of metabolites produced by microbes in the gut. Brown et al. discovered that the gut bacterial species Bacteroides produces a greater variety of metabolites known as sphingolipids than previously recognized. The authors demonstrated that an absence of these sphingolipids promotes intestinal inflammation in mice and is associated with IBD in humans, suggesting that bacterial sphingolipids are important for maintaining intestinal health.
(Summary submitted by Theresa Reimels, PhD, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology)
Published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology on May 14, 2019
Healed plaques, the result of prior plaque destabilization and subclinical thrombosis, were frequently found in patients who suffered from sudden cardiac death. However, in vivo data are lacking. Using OCT, we found healed plaque in more than one quarter of culprit lesions in 376 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Healed plaques at the culprit lesion identify a subset of patients with greater systemic inflammation and plaque vulnerability. This group of patients with ACS may benefit from a more aggressive secondary prevention aiming at suppression of inflammation and platelet activity.
(Summary submitted by IK Jang, MD, PhD, Department of Caridology)
Published in Nature on May 15, 2019
While therapies that harness the power of the immune system against cancer have made remarkable progress against certain types of tumors, they still remain ineffective in most cancer patients. This study from the Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases describes a method of reprogramming the regulatory T cells that usually suppress immune responses into inflammatory cells that not only permit but also intensify an antitumor immune response.
(Summary submitted by Thorsten Mempel, MD, PhD, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases)
Published in Nature Medicine on May 20, 2019
Once known as "consumption," Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) was discovered in 1882, when 1 in 7 Americans were killed by this bacteria. While less common today in the US, Mtb is still a leading cause of deaths worldwide. When used together, diagnostics and antibiotics result in a marked reduction in disease. Emerging data now point to the presence of a population that resists infection despite heavy disease exposure. Here, the authors demonstrate the presence of a robust immune response to Mtb in these "resistors" that are otherwise invisible to traditional diagnostics. Understanding these individuals' immune responses may be key to developing next-generation vaccines and eradicating this global killer.
(Summary submitted by Lenette Lu, MD, PhD, Division of Infectious Diseases)
Published in Cancer Research on May 21, 2019
Targeted therapies have significantly advanced the treatment of advanced stage lung cancer patients in the last decade, though the eventual development of tumor resistance remains a key obstacle. A multi-disciplinary team from the Mass General has investigated the dynamics of this process using mathematic models describing the observed tumor growth trajectories in lung cancer patients. The results give insight into the temporal evolution of resistance and the size of resistant cell populations throughout treatment. This can give important clues how to integrate these new therapies into multi-modality treatments, such as multi-agent schedules or combinations of targeted agents and radiotherapy.
(Summary submitted by Clemens Grassberger, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology)
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends starting HIV treatment as soon as possible after diagnosis because early treatment results in reduced morbidity, mortality and reduced risk of transmission. However, before this study, it was not known whether early treatment initiation could result in the generation of immune responses against HIV. The study found that early therapy gives rise to superior and more durable immune responses against HIV infection compared to when treatment is delayed. These findings open up the possibility of designing new therapeutic interventions that can boost pre-existing responses to levels adequate for achieving sustained HIV suppression in the absence of therapy.
(Summary submitted by Zaza Ndhlovu, PhD, Ragon Institute)
Albrecht DS, Kim M, Akeju O, Torrado-Carvajal A, Edwards RR [et al.], Loggie ML.
Published in Molecular Psychiatry on May 28, 2019
Chronic pain patients who also suffer from depression report significantly higher pain severity and lower quality of life, and respond less to treatments. Thus, understanding the biological mechanisms of depression may ultimately help patients with chronic pain and related conditions. Studying patients with chronic back pain with advanced brain imaging techniques, Albrecht and colleagues observed that the more severe the depression, the higher the inflammation, as well as the changes in neural communication, in brain regions involved in emotion regulation. This study identifies neuroinflammation as a potential therapeutic target for depression, including in chronic pain patients.
(Summary submitted by Marco Loggia, PhD, Martinos Center)
Published in PNAS on May 28, 2019
The female adult brain has been shown to have a lower metabolic brain age compared with the male brain at the same chronological age. But when does the difference between men and women in brain aging emerge? This study aimed to determine whether slower aging in female vs. male brain traces back to differences in cortical development during childhood and adolescence and found an opposite pattern during brain development. Understanding the timing of the emergence of sex-related differences in brain aging may hold clues to the mechanisms involved that may eventually allude to means to boost brain's youthfulness and protect against aging associated neurological disorders.
(Summary submitted by Nasim Maleki, PhD, Department of Psychiatry)
How a Global Partnership Could Save the Lives of Women and Children in Africa
Featuring Salome Maswime, PhD, MBCHB
Young women and expecting mothers are one of the most-affected groups, and research has shown that HIV/AIDS can significantly increase the chances of both maternal deaths and still births. One Massachusetts General Hospital Discovery Foundation Fellow has witnessed the disease's impact first-hand and is determined to help and give back to her community.
Ladies: If Your Moisturizers Seem Overpriced, It's Because They Probably Are, Science Finds
Featuring Maryanne Senna, MD
There are day creams, night creams, eye creams, serums, scrubs, face masks and more all marketed toward women, and most come with a hefty price tag. But are the ingredients and packaging really that expensive?
How Changing Laws on Cannabis are Impacting Pediatric Patient Visits to the Emergency Room
Featuring Yih-Chieh Chen, MD, and Jean E. Klig, MD
Researchers from the MassGeneral Hospital for Children recently published a review paper taking a detailed look at cannabis-related emergency department (ED) visits by pediatric patients.
Could This Short Question Help Women at Risk for Intimate Partner Violence?
Featuring Anand K. Narayan, MD, PhD, and Constance D. Lehman, MD, PhD
Mass General researchers were able to identify women at risk for intimate partner violence by adding a screening question to mammography intake forms.
Why We Need More Diversity in Genetics Research
Featuring Alicia Martin, PhD, and Mark Daly, PhD
A team of Mass General researchers recently published a perspective piece that shed light on the fact that majority of publicly available genetic data belongs to people of European ancestry, meaning the medical advances made using European genetic data are less informative to non-Europeans.
Five Things to Know: Nature Article Advocates for Open Data Sharing in Science
The state of science today is divided: some believe all data should be publicly available to promote collaboration, while others believe it is safest to hold onto their findings to protect themselves from competitors who may use them as a foundation for a new, more exciting study. Nature recently published an article explaining the importance and benefits of openly sharing scientific data. Here are five things to know.
Mass General Research Roundup for May 2019
Experiencing adverse events at a young age may increase risk of mental health disorder, evaluating the price of skincare products for women and a new model for cancer treatments.
Study Finds A Connection Between What You Buy for Lunch at Work and Your Health
Featuring Anne Thorndike, MD, MPH
Sometimes making your lunch seems like a hassle, so buying a slice of pizza or a sandwich can be an easy solution. But those purchases can add up after a while and have the potential to affect not only your wallet, but your health as well.
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Revision as of 17:53, 18 July 2011 by Ngamer01 (Talk | contribs)
STRONG BAD: {typing} Okay, Dan, I'm only gonna sing this one more time: {singing} Ohhhhhhh {types while singing} If you want it to be possessive, it's just 'I-T-S.' But, if it's supposed to be a contraction then it's 'I-T-apostrophe-S,' {Short pause} scalawag. {stops typing} Ahem. Um, {Clears screen, resumes typing} Of course we've got local news. It's the—It's the greatest! Um... But I—I have to go now...and...do something...completely unrelated to me...throwing together...the aforementioned local news. {types the following quickly, then runs off} Hoight!
{Strong Bad holds a sign reading "Strong Badia Action Cool News 5" in front of the camera. We can hear The Cheat making noises in the background imitating the musical intros of news shows.}
{The Cheat holds up an index card reading "Sportscarster Strong Mad". Cut to the Tire with an index card propped up next to it reading "Meteorologist TIRE."}
{Bubs holds up the "World Crisis sign." Cut to side angle of the desk again. You can see Bubs, but he quickly runs away, dropping the sign.}
{Strong Mad swats the football at the camera. You can hear Strong Sad saying "Ow!" Cut back to Strong Bad behind the news desk.}
STRONG BAD: You heard it folks. Bundle up, but keep your swimsuit on outside your pants.
It's just "I-T-S."
Then it's "I-T-apostrophe-S,"
The "it's email time again!" intro sounds remarkably like the KISS song "Cold Gin" with the title replaced by the word "Email".
STRONG BAD: ...So, if you're a news...carster...you gotta...you gotta say "tonight" as much as possible.


Tribal Leader Stanley Crooks Passes
Mon, Oct 1, 2012
One of the legends of Indian gaming passed last month when Stanley Crooks, the longtime chairman of the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community, died at 70 of natural causes. The 480-member tribe operates the Mystic Lake casino hotel in suburban Minneapolis. The fortunate location made the tribe the most successful of the many tribes that operate casinos in Minnesota.
But Crooks made sure the largesse earned from the casino was shared with other tribes via grants or low-interest loans. In an interview with GGB's Tribal Government Gaming in 2011, he explained how that came about:
"Most of the members of our tribe," he explained, "and certainly the leadership, went through some very tough times economically prior to gaming. We recognized groups that had helped us before gaming and we wanted to support them. We started modestly, sharing our extra revenues with them. I think in the first year, it was something like $3 million. Now our charitable donations reach more than $21 million a year."
Crooks was eulogized by Shakopee tribal officials.
"Chairman Crooks was a leader in every sense of the word," tribal Vice Chairman Charlie Vig said in a statement. "I am honored to have worked with Stanley over the last 20 years. We join with his family, friends and all those who were privileged to know Chairman Crooks in mourning his passing."
National Indian Gaming Association Chairman Ernie Stevens said Crooks' contributions to Indian Country will never be forgotten.
"Chairman Crooks respected his people, neighbors, tribal, state and federal leaders, and they respected him," said Stevens. "His leadership and the Shakopee Mdewakanton's generosity are legendary. Traveling through Sioux country, one can see Shakopee's support for other Indian tribes—at Rosebud, the Turtle Creek Crossing Grocery Store, at Pine Ridge, Prairie Winds Casino, at Standing Rock, the new wing at Prairie Knights Hotel; and at Cheyenne River, the nursing home. These are just a few examples of his determination to support Indian Country."
Konami Announces Promotions
Slot manufacturer Konami Gaming announced the promotions of Glenn Masada and Spencer Peterson. Masada has been named senior director of accounting and finance, and Peterson has been named senior director of technical compliance.
Masada will oversee the accounting and finance operations at Konami, responsible for directing the fiscal functions of the company to achieve short- and long-term financial and strategic objectives. He has been with Konami since July 2007, and has over 35 years of experience in accounting and finance.
Peterson will be responsible for ensuring that the business practices, policies and dealings related to regulatory requirements for Konami products are maintained to the highest standards. He is responsible for overseeing gaming products and associated equipment submissions to regulatory authorities and labs, including software testing and quality assurance, as well as serving as the company liaison with regulatory personnel on products, implementation of internal procedures, and revision updates. He has more than 17 years of experience in technical, engineering and compliance roles within the gaming industry.
Peterson joined Konami in 2005 as assistant director, technical compliance.


Rejuvenated fibroblasts can recover the ability to contract
Fibroblasts are the most common connective tissue cells. They produce the structural framework for animal tissues, synthesise the extracellular matrix and collagen, and play a critical role in wound healing. However, during the cellular aging process, fibroblasts lose their ability to contract, leading to stiffness due to reduced connective tissues.
A study from the Mechanobiology Institute at the National University of Singapore has shown that these fibroblasts can be rejuvenated, or redifferentiated, by being geometrically confined on micropatterns. The above shows microscopic imaging of the control (left) and rejuvenated fibroblasts (right), with fluorescent labels highlighting the nucleus (blue), nuclear envelope (green), and cytoskeleton (in magenta). The presence of more contractile proteins (in red) in the rejuvenated fibroblasts indicates that they have recovered their ability to contract. These rejuvenated cells were observed to have reduced DNA damage, and enhanced cytoskeletal gene expression.
The results of this study were first published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on 29 April 2020.
The research team believes that their mechanical reprogramming approach can overcome the shortcomings of conventional rejuvenation methods, including generation of short-lived or oncogenic fibroblasts. These mechanically rejuvenated fibroblasts could potentially be used as clinical implants in regenerative medicine and stem cell engineering.
Related Regenerative Medicine Articles from Brightsurf:
Stem cells: new insights for future regenerative medicine approaches
The study published in Open Biology unravels important data for a better understanding of the process of division in stem cells and for the development of safer ways to use them in medicine.
Engineered developmental signals could illuminate regenerative medicine
For a tiny embryo to develop into an adult organism, its cells must develop in precise patterns and interact with their neighbors in carefully orchestrated ways.
A new discovery in regenerative medicine
An international collaboration involving Monash University and Duke-NUS researchers have made an unexpected world-first stem cell discovery that may lead to new treatments for placenta complications during pregnancy.
New research into stem cell mutations could improve regenerative medicine
Research from the University of Sheffield has given new insight into the cause of mutations in pluripotent stem cells and potential ways of stopping these mutations from occurring.
Keratin scaffolds could advance regenerative medicine and tissue engineering for humans
Researchers at Mossakowski Medical Research Center of the Polish Academy of Science have developed a simple method for preparing 3D keratin scaffold models which can be used to study the regeneration of tissue.
NUS Medicine researchers can reprogramme cells to original state for regenerative medicine
Scientists from NUS Medicine have found a way to induce totipotency in embryonic cells that have already matured into pluripotency.
A new material for regenerative medicine capable to control cell immune response
Scientists of Tomsk Polytechnic University jointly with the University of Montana (USA) proposed a new promising material for regenerative medicine for recovery of damaged tissues and blood vessels.
Optoceutics: A new technique using light for regenerative medicine
Researchers in Italy at IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia used visible light together with photo-sensitive and biocompatible materials to facilitate the formation of new blood vessels in vitro.
Major stem cell discovery to boost research into development and regenerative medicine
A new approach has enabled researchers to create Expanded Potential Stem Cells (EPSCs) of both pig and human cells.
Spinning-prism microscope helps gather stem cells for regenerative medicine
Pluripotent stem cells are crucial to regenerative medicine, but better screening methods are needed to isolate safe and effective cells for medical use.
Read More: Regenerative Medicine News and Regenerative Medicine Current Events


di·plod·o·cus də-ˈplä-də-kəs
dī-
: any of a genus (Diplodocus) of large herbivorous sauropod dinosaurs of the Late Jurassic known from remains found in Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and Utah
Recent Examples on the Web Plus, a line drawing of a diplodocus, the dinosaur from which Diplo takes his name. — Jon M. Gilbertson, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 23 June 2018 Although the replica of a diplodocus attained the status of an icon, the museum believed a real specimen better suited their mission to study and conserve the planet. — Leonore Schick, Detroit Free Press, 14 July 2017 Although the replica of a diplodocus attained the status of an icon, the museum believed a real specimen better suited their mission to study and conserve the planet. — Leonore Schick, Detroit Free Press, 14 July 2017 Although the replica of a diplodocus attained the status of an icon, the museum believed a real specimen better suited their mission to study and conserve the planet. — Leonore Schick, Detroit Free Press, 14 July 2017 Although the replica of a diplodocus attained the status of an icon, the museum believed a real specimen better suited their mission to study and conserve the planet. — Leonore Schick, Detroit Free Press, 14 July 2017 Although the replica of a diplodocus attained the status of an icon, the museum believed a real specimen better suited their mission to study and conserve the planet. — Leonore Schick, The Seattle Times, 13 July 2017 See More
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'diplodocus.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
borrowed from New Latin, genus name, from diplo- diplo- + Greek dokós "beam, especially one supporting a roof or floor, bar" (perhaps, if original sense was "something receiving/accepting a load," nominal agentive derivative from déchesthai, dékesthai "to receive, welcome, accept," going back to an Indo-European verbal base *deḱ- "take up, accept, perceive"); so named from the double chevron bones forming part of the caudal vertebrae — more at decent
Note: The genus name was introduced by the American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh (1831-99) in "Principal Characters of American Jurassic Dinosaurs. Part I," American Journal of Science and Arts, 3rd series, vol. 16, no. 95 (November, 1878), pp. 411-416. According to Marsh (p. 414), "It [Diplodocus] may be distinguished from the genera already known by the caudal vertebrae, which are elongated, deeply excavated below, and have double chevrons, with both anterior and posterior rami …To the last character, the generic name refers."
The first known use of diplodocus was in 1884
Dictionary Entries Near diplodocus
Diplodia
Diplodus
"Diplodocus." Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/diplodocus. Accessed 29 Jan. 2023.
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di·plod·o·cus də-ˈpläd-ə-kəs
: any of a genus of very large plant-eating dinosaurs known from fossils found in several western states of the U.S.
More from Merriam-Webster on diplodocus
Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about diplodocus
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Alternatives & Analyses: PM Borisov avoids meeting the top US energy diplomat – the message and the consequences
5th October 2020 5th October 2020 Analyses & Alternatives 0 Comments
The news of the failed meeting between the highest-ranking American energy diplomat Francis Fannon and the Bulgarian Prime Minister could mark a critical milestone in US-Bulgarian relations. Almost every time a top US energy envoy has visited the country, Borissov deemed it a must to receive them. His overwhelming interest and on-hand management of Bulgaria's energy projects substantiated the need to keep communication lines with Washington open. Suffice it to Google Borissov's rendezvous with Fannon's predecessors – Richard Morningstar or Amos Hochstein over the last ten years.
Francis Fannon's statement to the media, made after he met the energy minister, meant that he would not meet Borissov. Diplomatic courtesy has it that press avails follow meetings with the highest-ranking host to avoid misperceptions of disrespect and underline the direct exchange value.
Why did Borissov run away from the meeting with Fannon?
For the same reason, he panicked and ordered Bulgargaz's bosses to recall their proposal for a 20% gas price hike to the regulator in early September – instinctive fear that negative news after a possible meeting with Fannon could debunk the myth of his "brilliant" relations with America, refuting the parable of his boundless skills to sell Russian projects to the West, catalyzing the protests.
PM Borissov attempted to play almost his entire arsenal of tricks. He attempted media control – the pro-government media virtually ignored this essential U.S. visit. Media censorship in Bulgaria is nearly universal and applies to internal opposition and the top energy representative of Bulgaria's most important ally.
The Bulgarian PM struck a deal with the first 8 F-16s, which secured him a White House visit. He tried the same trick by offering to buy eight new planes and 3D radars, ordered gas turbines for Turk Stream compressor stations from U.S. company Solar Turbines, worth more than USD 150 million, just as he had marketed the Belene NPP as enjoying US support for involving Westinghouse.
The issue at stake for the Bulgarian PM has always been the U.S.'s muted reaction to or ignoring his corruption and autocratic governance model.
Both attempts failed as Borissov's confidants never realized that when it comes to geostrategic priorities at a critical time and extreme confrontation with Russia, tradeoffs with the U.S. to appease Russia is a mission impossible, notably with shaky allies with backdoor links to Russia.
Until now, shared only in confidential exchanges, Washington's verdict was unequivocal – despite the different name, TurkStream is being built across Bulgaria and is a channel of corruption and dependence on Russia.
What Fannon told Bulgarian reporters effectively wipes hopes that Borissov would escape sanctions and that the Kremlin and Gazprom would succeed in coming to an agreement with the White House on using Saudis as middlemen.
Such an observation is a no – brainer or at least not really an extreme foresight – the United States has consistently raised its discontent and opposition to TurkStream's twin – Nord Stream, risking a crisis in relations with its most important ally in Europe – Germany. What are the chances then for peripheral Bulgaria, which, under Borissov, has increasingly become is a political risk with inconsistent value as an ally.
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As an experienced professional, the head of U.S. energy diplomacy did not emphasize the "stick" over the "carrot," insisting that the imposition of sanctions is neither America's first nor preferred choice, only the end in the process of reconciling differences. It seems natural for allies to support NATO and EU's joint operations against the Kremlin as a primary opponent, denying a regional monopoly of Russian gas via the strategically important Turkstream.
Bulgaria's ruling class has overlooked an important aspect of the sanctions scenario's key line – the US Government does not even need to enforce them explicitly and target Bulgarian companies. Suffices to make sure that works and funding for TurkStream are not insured. The same applies to the U.S. gas turbines that could be delayed or altogether canceled, or the terms of credit become prohibitive due to excessively high political risk, which will be an accurate assessment.
A problem with the open funding of project works will expose Gazprom's behind-the-scenes financing and the pivotal role of Russian companies and Russian suppliers involved in the project. From there on, the whole corruption pyramid of politicians and companies engaged in profit-sharing, passing on to Bulgartransgaz, a massive debt on the project, will emerge against a background of uncertain revenues.
In conclusion, the meeting-that-didn't-take-place dealt a lethal blow to Borissov's image as a proponent of Euro-Altantic values. Europe has already changed its tone towards his government and the model of governance. The United States has also made it clear that it no longer accepts Borissov-Peevski and Geshev's version as convincing evidence of a pro-democracy base, the rule of law, and NATO solidarity.
Once again, albeit in a discreet and indirect mode, Washington made it clear that it understands and shares the sentiment behind the anti-corruption motives of the protests – the "glue" that binds together the ruling class. The Bulgarian PM does not enjoy the West's unconditional support anymore.
Fannon's words will resonate painfully in domestic Bulgarian politics, especially among the pro-government "rightist" politicians and within the GERB party. Removing the pro-Western mask reveals what Borissov has always been – fundamentally and irrevocably dependent on the Kremlin.
Following Fannon's visit, the cold shower is unlikely to sober up and trigger a convalescent catharsis in his "rightist" base, as most are materially motivated, not idealists. But the erosion in Borissov's support base is irreversible.
Sooner or later, they will have to admit – Borissov is a fake Atlanticist and democrat, his true nature is that of a Moscow stooge.
Ilian Vassilev
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Home » World's youth take to the streets again to battle climate change
World's youth take to the streets again to battle climate change
World's youth take to the streets again to battle climate change
Young people around the world took to the streets on Friday to demand urgent action to avert disastrous climate change.
The strike takes place five weeks before the U.N. COP26 summit, which aims to secure more ambitious climate action from world leaders to drastically cut the greenhouse gas emissions heating the planet.
"The concentration of CO2 in the sky hasn't been this high for at least 3 million years," Swedish activist Greta Thunberg told a crowd of thousands of protesters in the German capital.
"It is clearer than ever that no political party is doing close to enough."
Demonstrations were planned in more than 1,500 locations by youth movement Fridays for Future, kicking off in Asia with small-scale demonstrations in the Philippines and Bangladesh, and spreading throughout the day to European cities including Warsaw, Turin and Berlin.
"Everyone is talking about making promises, but nobody keeps their promise. We want more action," said Farzana Faruk Jhumu, 22, a youth climate activist in Dhaka, Bangladesh. "We want the work, not just the promises."
A landmark U.N. climate science report in August warned that human activity has already locked in climate disruptions for decades - but that rapid, large-scale action to reduce emissions could still stave off some of the most destructive impacts. read more
So far, governments do not plan to cut emissions anywhere near fast enough to do that.
The United Nations said last week that countries' commitments would see global emissions increase to be 16% higher in 2030 than they were in 2010 - far off the 45% reduction by 2030 needed to limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
"We are here because we are saying a loud 'no' to what is happening in Poland," said Dominika Lasota, 19, a youth activist at a protest in Warsaw, Poland. "Our government has for years been blocking any sort of climate politics and ignores our demands for a safe future."
https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/worlds-youth-returns-streets-fight-climate-change-2021-09-24/


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Indonesia's Economy Shows Real Signs of Acceleration
Centennial Asia > The Asian Pulse > Daily News > Indonesia's Economy Shows Real Signs of Acceleration
Category:	Daily News
Economic data released so far in 2018 shows a pick-up in the growth of Indonesia's economy.
The government collected more taxes in the 1Q18 than it did in the same period in 2017, while the growing number of capital goods and raw materials suggest bustling investment and manufacturing activities. Motorcycle sales expanded at their quickest rate in four years in 4Q17, as purchasing power recovered across the country, in line with rising prices of the country's main commodities like coal and palm oil.
Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati said she estimates gross domestic product (GDP) to expand by 5.2% in 1Q18, which would be the country's fastest expansion in the last four years.
The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank both expect the largest economy in Southeast Asia to expand by 5.3% in 2018, picking up from a near 5% pace in the past four years.
Taxes and excises revenue jumped 10% to IDR262.4tr in 1Q18 from IDR237.9tr in 1Q17.
"The revenue shows encouraging growth as it also shows that our economic pulse is beginning to increase," Sri Mulyani said at a press conference in Jakarta.
"The government will continue to maintain this momentum, which I would say is on the right track."
The main source of the increase in tax revenue was attributed to Indonesia's commodities sector, which experienced price rebounds in 2017.
A survey by Indonesia's central bank, Bank Indonesia, showed that the Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) in Mar 18 was 121.6, still above the minimum confidence level of 100.
President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo, who is up for re-election in 2019, went as far as reversing his policy in fuel subsidies to ensure cheap fuel and electricity until the end of 2019 and to support consumer purchasing power.
"Household consumption is expected to grow faster in 2018, as there will be momentum to boost it, such as regional elections and the Asian Games," said Mohammad Faisal, an economist at Jakarta-based research firm Center of Reform on Economics Indonesia.
Several indicators in investment increases, such as imports of capital goods and raw materials, have also risen.
In 2018, the government will not hold back in spending on social assistance and on civil servants, who have not seen pay raises since 2016. The government hopes that it can help boost consumption ahead of Lebaran and the beginning of the school year in Jul 18.
"We hope there will be no [further external] shocks to help us maintain the momentum of the growing economy," Sri Mulyani said.
External Link : http://jakartaglobe.id/business/indonesia-economy-shows-signs-of-acceleration/
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SAM Podcast
By Carly Randall
SAM (the Section for Archives and Museums) is a special interest group within the Archives and Records Association. Our mission is to provide a focal point for people who are passionate about the intersection between archives, museums and galleries. We achieve this by providing training and learning opportunities for our members and by facilitating discussion on topics spanning the wide world of heritage.
Find episode descriptions and full transcripts at: bit.ly/ara-sam
SAM Podcast (Episode 2): A Fair Exchange is No Robbery – Talking recruitment with Fair Museum Jobs
Louise McAward-White from Fair Museum Jobs takes us through the good, the bad and the ugly of recruitment practices in the heritage sector. Louise explains the principles of the Fair Museum Jobs manifesto and how recruiters can use it to help bring fairness, transparency and inclusiveness to the heritage sector. She also provides advice for job seekers in areas including reading and understanding job specifications and how to negotiate pay and benefits with potential employers. This episode is an essential listen for anyone navigating the job market in the heritage sector, whether they be a recruiter or a job seeker. You'll learn why certain commonly used criteria in job descriptions can discriminate against potential applicants. You'll also receive concrete and actionable advice for crafting better, fairer and more effective personal specifications for heritage and other roles. Key topics covered: Jobs; Organisation; Interview; Sector; Applicant; Skills; Applying; Archives Jobs; Museum Jobs; Recruitment; Placements; Work; Institutions; Qualifications; Heritage Roles; Pay; Job Criteria; Salary; Job Descriptions; Advice; Fair Practice; Discrimination; Covid-19; Redundancy
SAM Podcast (Episode 1, Part 2): Going Solo? Freelancing in Heritage
Anita Hollinshead (Freelance Museum Consultant) and Victoria Stevens (Freelance Conservator) share their journeys as heritage freelancers and provide insight into the world of self employment in the arts and culture sector. This is the second and final part of episode 1. Part two of the interview focuses on managing money and on how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected freelancers as individuals and as a community. This episode was recorded remotely in June 2020 using Zencastr.
Anita Hollinshead (Freelance Museum Consultant) and Victoria Stevens (Freelance Conservator) share their journeys as heritage freelancers and provide insight into the world of self employment in the arts and culture sector. This is a two-part episode. Part one covers the stages of getting started as a freelancer in heritage, including the opportunities and the pitfalls. This episode was recorded remotely in June 2020 using Zencastr.


Krafty Kid Profile: Biggie
If you haven't checked out Biggie before, well, it's a good thing that you're reading this blog. I met Bridget this summer as she was setting up for the Detroit Urban Craft Fair. I made the mistake of waiting until the end of the day to pick up one of her necklaces; they were gone, a true sign of good stuff. Take a look at where she gets her inspiration for her felted creations.
-Bridget Hanson, 28, Grayslake, Ill.
Do you have a traditional 9-to-5 job?
-Nope.
When did you first get into crafting and making? What type of activity was it?
I guess I've been making things since I was a kid, like friendship bracelets, God's Eyes, finger crochet, and other random crafts.
Why did you become interested in making?
I have always been drawn to fiber, textiles and color. It came natural to want to experiment with those, and to make them completely handmade. There are so many cheap, mass-produced items out there that aren't too happening. I sometimes find myself saying, "If only this color was different, or they should have made it like this."
What are your main products?
My main products are felted jewelry (earrings, necklaces) and handknit and felted bags, clutches and coin purses.
Is this a full-time passion of yours, or something on the side?
I'm trying to do it full-time.
How do you sell your goods? (Fairs, online, word of mouth, etc.)
I sell my goods on my website, at fairs, and I also have items for sale at stores.
What's the price range?
About $14-$60
How long have you been doing this?
As a legal business… about two years.
What kind of reactions do you get from customers?
I get all kinds of reactions. Some people don't know what the heck it is, some really like it, and say it's very different, and some people don't say anything at all, but touch everything.
Why do you enjoy making?
It seems like that's always the hardest question to put into words. All I can say is I can't think of a better way to spend my time.
What's the most challenging aspect of being a DIY business?
Being able to make a living at it is very challenging. Also, I usually end up doing a lot of trial and error when it comes to creating a new product. I want to make nice, quality products, and sometimes it takes a while to come up with the best materials or technique, but it's all still a lot of fun.
What's been the most rewarding aspect of your craft?
I guess making something that I like and others like as well. I like happy customers!
Do you have any tips or suggestions for someone interested in launching
their own line or simply interested in making for the first time?
There is a load of information on the Internet for someone who wants to start their own business. Sites like the Switchboards and Craftster are great forums of crafty types who are happy to share info on everything from taxes to supplies.
What one toy would you love to see available in McDonald's Happy Meal?
That's a hard one. I think I'd like to see a little Amigurumi guy in Happy Meals.
by Lish on October 11, 2006 // Categories: Inspiration // Share on


'Truth is the first casualty of war, they say. In fact, it's more often freedom and reason.' (Brendan O'Neill)
I was wrong. I didn't imagine that Russia would actually launch a full-scale assault on Ukraine. I felt sick, shocked and dismayed as the news unfolded this week. I can only imagine how it must feel for Ukrainians to find their country under attack and for Russians to discover their country has started a war. I felt near-despair too as I listened to rhetoric in the UK Parliament and media in the immediate wake of the invasion, denouncing neo-fascist Russian nationalism and imperialism whilst, at the same time, silencing any voices of dissent here with words like 'appeasement' and 'treason'.
There are insights from various psychological fields that can help us, yet we know from arenas such as cognitive and human givens therapies that our receptivity and ability to reason is impacted profoundly when overwhelmed by feeling. Emotions like anger, resentment and fear are running high at the moment; and understandably so because this crisis and all that it could mean are very real and being experienced by real people, families and communities here-and-now – and that makes it hard to think clearly. Yet we must think, and pray, and act with wisdom, and quickly.
I can only guess what's in Putin's mind. The geopolitical dimensions to this conflict are complex and well beyond my ability to know or understand. I can, however, speak as a citizen or the West. I spent many years working closely with an anti-Nazi activist in Germany. I learned that we need to pay very careful attention to the conditions in which otherwise insane decisions will appear and feel rational. Hitler and the Nazis were supported and elected in Germany by many with great enthusiasm against a specific contextual backdrop: in Gestalt psychology, the 'ground' that gives rise to a 'figure'.
The 'ground' out of which the current crisis has developed is very complex indeed. It includes: a long cultural history in Russia of autocratic leadership; the brutal and devastating Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union from (geographically) the West; a loss of Russian power and self-esteem following the collapse of the Soviet Union; the subsequent expansion of the NATO military alliance eastwards towards Russia's borders; the expansion of the EU economic block eastwards to (potentially) incorporate Ukraine; a corresponding and growing sense of vulnerability and resentment in Russia.
Does this suggest that the West has somehow caused the war in Ukraine? No. Correlation of these factors does not mean causation. Putin has made his own decisions. Does it suggest that the West has contributed to creating the conditions under which Putin's decision became more likely? That's a question I believe, in the midst of our justifiable outrage at Russia's unjustifiable actions, we would do well to consider with prayer, humility and critical reflexivity. We stand at the edge of a dangerous precipice and, to move forward, we need very different thinking to that which brought us here.


ANOTHER CRISIS TEARING APC APART
in Latest News, Nation, Politics
See the Explosive Letter from Oshiomole's Deputy Accusing him of attempts to Destroy APC: ALL PROGRESSIVES CONGRESS
Office of the Deputy National Chairman (North)
APC AND Its FUTURE, LET US EXERCISE CAUTION
When I wrote Comrade Adams Oshiomhole on the 28th May 2019 warning him of the dangerous direction the Party was heading, and the probable and compelling need for him to excuse himself from the office of the chairman, little did I know that the innocent suggestion would not only be treated with levity and disdain, but that it will incur his wrath.
Interestingly, all the issues I raised in my said letter has come to pass. Till date, the Party, founded on the principles of constitutionalism and rule of law, is now subject of arbitrary administration, without regard for the dictates of the law. The ruling Party which ought to be a model for others in the upholding of the rule of law, is now the nest of lawlessness. The entire legal framework governing the party administration in Nigeria today, the Nigerian Constitution, the Party constitution, the Electoral Act and INEC regulations and guidelines are more honoured by the Party in breaches than obedience.
To buttress my above assertion, the following few examples will drive the point home. By (Article 9.1(ii) and 9.4 (i) of APC Constitution as amended, pages 6 and 8) every member will be registered at his ward when his or her name is entered in the register by the Ward Executives.
My understanding of this provision is that power in the Party is exercised bottom up! What this means is that every member of the Party is answerable to his constituency. Being a Party member therefore is a constitutional issue embedded in the membership Register.
Also, the Constitution of the Party stipulates a mandatory meeting of the National Executive Committee (NEC) every three months (Article 25 B (i) of APC constitution as amended.). This regular meeting is not only targeted at keeping the members abreast of developments, but ensuring collective responsibility of decision taken. By the combined effect of the above provision and Article 18 of the APC Constitution as amended).
NEC is the main decision making organ after the convention, and shall meet every three months. The power to set up standing or ad-hoc committees of the Party is vested in the same NEC.
It will be recalled that part of my agitation in the period running from 2018 to 2019, was the need and request that both the screening and the selection committees ( Selection Committee being committee for primaries) be set up by the party. Rather than acceding to this imperative request, the Chairman chose to personally constitute both the screening committees for the Governorship and Senatorial elections, as well as the final appeals committee, all in violation of the extant constitutional provisions of our party vesting the power in NEC. To worsen the situation, and in violation of rule of natural justice, he made himself the Chairman of both Committees. It is this refusal to convene NEC to perform its role that has led the party to the comatose state it is now. My fear is, it is being repeated now for Ondo and Edo.
Again, the APC Constitution in Article 20 () (a) made it unambiguously clear, that All Party Posts prescribed or implied by this constitution SHALL be filled by democratically conducted elections at the respective convention (in the case of NWC or NEC) or congress (in the case of Executive Committees at State, Local Government or ward levels) et tal.
There is nowhere in that same constitution where it was envisaged that an officer of the party could be appointed by the Chairman nor the NWC.
Not even NEC has the power to appoint any National officer of the Party in any capacity. Let me ask this simple question, what is difficult in organizing a mid term convention to elect the officers in line with the constitution so that even the officers will have confidence that they are elected like all other officers. The constitution of the the Party in Article 25 (A) (1) page 89 stipulates that there shall be a convention every two years. We had convention in 2018 and another one is due in 2020. What is the hurry in appointing an acting National secretary when we have the duly elected Deputy National Secretary who have been acting in that capacity since December 2018 in line with Article 14.4 of the Constitution on page 58?
All NWC Officers have Offices of their deputies to take charge of that office in the absence of the Principal, in consonance with article 14 of the constitution in its entirety. But what is happening to this Constitutional provision? Does it have a different legal interpretation? The self-imposed and the National Publicity Secretary, in a press statement stated that the National Working Committee had APPOINTED an acting National Secretary. How do you appoint? Are we still running a party with rules and regulations? This is now the pattern in the Party. Let me state unequivocally that any nomination signed by such acting National Secretary is a nullity and liable to be challenged by the opposition. Are we deaf and blind? Or is the Chairman finally out to inter the Party?
What are the leaders of the Party doing in the midst of this anarchy? Are they all equally fed up with the seeming collapsing party in the hands of a politically injured person that seems to be nursing political revenge? The leaders need to take a stand so that the followers know whether the party is now either a jungle or that entity of our collective dream at the inception.
Majority of the members of the party are already perplexed, disillusioned and some even weighing their options. A stich in time, I believe, saves nine!
By Article 2 of the APC Constitution, provides that Subject to the provisions of the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended) and any other laws for the time being in force in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the provisions of this constitution SHALL be SUPREME PROVIDED that where any rule, regulation or any other enactment shall, to the extent of its inconsistency, be null and void and of no effect whatsoever.
This document leaves no room for any form of aberration or brigandage.
In the light of the above, call on leaders of APC to urgently intervene to ensure the provisions of the Party constitution are adhered to and not further compromised. Let me state categorically that I have no political ambition beyond where I find myself and my interest, if I may state, is borne out of genuine intention to save the Party I laboured to build.
With regards to Ondo and Edo primary elections, there is already absence of transparency. The regulations issued that will guide the processes are already in violation of Article 20 (v) on page 76 of the APC constitution as amended where only the National Executive Committee is the only organ that SHALL approve such guidelines and regulations which includes the mode of nominating our candidates. I am crying for APC inside me!
ZAMFARA, HERE WE COME AGAIN!
Senator Lawal Shuaibu Deputy National Chairman, North
ALL PROGRESSIVES CONGRESS
No. 40, Blantyre Street, Wuse 2, Abuja, Nigeria, apc.com.ng
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What is the population of the five boroughs of new york?
The estimated population of five boroughs of New York City in 2016 was 8.55 Million.
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What are the five boroughs of new york?
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Well Said: Alex Longo
Well Said is the official storytelling podcast of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, with a new episode each week highlighting the faculty, staff, students, and alumni of the Carolina community.
As an incoming first-year student at Carolina, Alex Longo had a unique story. At age 13, he submitted a proposal to NASA's call for the location of the Mars 2020 Rover landing. By the time he was accepted to the university, he was preparing for the fourth and final NASA workshop to defend that landing site.
Scheduling interview
Research and question development
Executing interview, including studio setup and recording
Script production
Hosting/narration, including studio setup and recording
Audio engineering and editing of the episode, including audio clean-up and music
Producing written story to accompany podcast episode
This episode and all other episodes of Well Said are available on SoundCloud or wherever podcasts are played.


Fightback sees Jude's Power past St John's
Rónán Mac Lochlainn
SPIRITED St Jude's recovered from a five-point deficit to pip Ballinteer St John's by 2-8 to 3-4 in a cracking Féile na nGael Division 3 Final at Parnell Park on Sunday afternoon.
The Templeogue side, who had recorded comfortable wins over St John's, Good Counsel and St Sylvester's in the round-robin series before getting the better of Skerries Harps in the semi-final, were worthy winners for the manner of their spirited comeback.
Ballinteer, who won the Division 2 football final a fortnight ago, made a bright start and took the lead through a fine Iarlaith Mac Gabhann point in the opening minutes, but St Jude's took control as the half progressed with Kevin Treacy in inspired form at midfield.
Points from Matt Maguire and team captain Stephen Callanan were instrumental in them taking the lead and, despite a Brian Mannion goal after 15 minutes, St John's entered the interval trailing by 0-5 to 1-1.
The second-half was a more free-flowing affair and Ballinteer seized the initiative through a well-worked Seán O'Brien goal five minutes into the half, but the Tymon Park club stayed in contention through a goal of their own from Colm Hayes minutes later.
With Enda Larkin, corner-back Andrew Lindsay and midfielder Kevin O'Connor all to the fore, John's continued to press and were rewarded with a Rob Aherne goal direct from a free to leave five points between the sides and Ballinteer with the distinct possibility of an elusive Féile double.
However, Jude's refused to accept defeat thanks largely to the efforts of Treacy, Callanan and Maguire as a late goal from Conor Power sealed a remarkable comeback.
And, despite defeat, Ballinteer boss Ultan Mac Gabhann was not too despondent.
"First and foremost, it was a wonderful game of hurling and full credit to St Jude's for their great win," he said.
"It was a great experience for our lads to play in Parnell Park and we can't be too greedy after the footballers winning two weeks ago."


How to turn your local bodega into an extension of your building
June 30, 2014 - 9:59am
By Lucy Cohen Blatter
Your neighborhood bodega: home of cheap but mediocre coffee, occasional purveyor of really good sandwiches, and lifesaver for those late-night moments when another six-pack or bottle of Nyquil is in order.
But did you know that your corner store can also substitute for a doorman or storage room?
The best way to get this started, according to several bodega workers we spoke to, is to become a regular customer. The person behind the counter is way more likely to do you a favor if he's used to seeing your face, regardless of whether you're a big spender or not.
Hassan Salahi, who mans the register at Salahi Deli Grocery in Ditmas Park, Brooklyn, for example, says you just have to ask, and he's likely to accept packages or hold keys for you, free of charge. (Customers have offered him tips before, he says, but he doesn't take them.) The only no-no for him? If a package is really big.
Of course, not every bodega worker will do the same. Mo, who works at a bodega on the Upper East Side, says he's only held packages a couple of times for people "I've known forever." Each time, they offered him about $5 as a thank you. Sometimes, he says, he'll hold a Sunday newspaper for someone he knows well, but he always insists they pay in advance, and bring their receipt with them. And the owner doesn't like when they accept packages from people, Mo says.
A good rule of thumb is to make your favor as hassle-free as possible. Below, some examples of how you can take full advantage of the corner store:
1. No concierge? No problem. Friendly bodega workers will often hold packages or dry cleaning for you until you get home from the office. This way no one at work has to know about your Zappos (and Gilt and Amazon....) obsession.
2. Bypass that no-pet policy. If your building bans furry friends and you're craving a cuddle, many bodegas have resident cats you can befriend. You can't (and probably won't want to) take it home with you, but at least you can get a little dose of pet time.
3. A built-in security guard. If you live on a non-doorman building and a block that's not too well lit, having a bodega downstairs can make you feel less isolated (many are open 24 hours). Also, chances are, if you know the people who work there, they'll keep an eye out for you.
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Living next to an all-night bodega: Ear plugs, black-out shades and a little patience
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Manso Indians
Manso Indians. A Spanish word meaning "mild." Also called:
Gorretas, by Zarate-Salmeron.
Lanos, by Perea (1632-33).
Manso Connections. The Manso belonged to the Tanoan division of the Kiowa-Tanoan linguistic stock.
Manso Location. About Mesilla Valley, in the vicinity of the present Las Cruces, N. Mex. The mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Mansos was founded among them but none of the native names of their villages are known.
Manso History. Shortly before the appearance of the Spaniards in their country, the Manso lived in substantial houses like the Pueblo Indians generally but changed these to dwellings of reeds and wood. They were relocated at a spot near El Paso in 1659 by Fray Garcia de San Francisco, who established the above-mentioned mission among them. The remnant of the Manso are now associated in one town with the Tiwa and Piro.
Population. In 1668, when the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Mansos was dedicated, Vetancourt states that it contained upward of 1,000 parishioners. Very few of Manso blood remain.
Dona Ana County NM, Las Cruces New Mexico,


'what happens to the hope at the end of the evening' or 'Watching me watching you!'
'what happens to the hope at the end of the evening ', Tim Crouch and Andy Smith
Almeida Festival, Thursday 11th July 2013
I loathed Tim Crouch's Royal Court show, 'The Author', back in 2009. I felt manipulated by someone much stronger and wiser than me. I felt abused and I felt very angry.
'The Author' planted a number of actors in the audience and asked us, without the aid or relief of a stage (and action one-step removed), to imagine terrible horrors. It was the most gruelling night I've ever experienced at the theatre.
Today, I look back on the white rage that 'The Author' sparked in me with fondness. I now believe the anger I felt was a mixture of confusion and shame and sorrow. Anger isn't really anger – it's just a mix of different emotions we haven't yet learnt to recognise.
The shame I felt was also accompanied by a new understanding about theatre; a recognition of the responsibility that we, the audience, share for what happens on-stage, as well as all that we see and allow in our own lives off-stage.
The responsibility which theatre invokes – and the collusive relationship between the audience and the actor – is interrogated brilliantly in Crouch's latest show; a two hander with Andy Smith, entitled 'what happens to hope at the end of the evening.' Ostensibly this is a very funny, emotional and unusual show about two old friends meeting up after a long time apart. But around this basic framework hover ideas about fractured intimacy, fading connections and ruptured responsibilities.
There's a lack of palpable effort to the performances, the script and direction. Karl Jones is an exceptionally patient director. He gently nudges away at us all night, allowing us to connect with the show on our own terms and at our own pace.
A great deal of this piece is pure entertainment and involves a number of inspired rants from Tim Crouch about baby on board stickers, policemen, new age bollocks and engrained pretensions. Sometimes, Crouch's rants go so far that he runs out of scream and peters off into a girlie squeal. It's properly daft and not hugely taxing.
It is the gaps in between the main action that get one thinking; the staging, the structuring and the silences. The physical space separating the actors is fascinating. Crouch is all movement, expression and noise. He is in-role – as much as one can be when playing a version of oneself – and off-script, working within a set and existing only on-stage. He creates dynamism and dramatic texture; a sense of self-contained performance, which sets apart the stage and the audience.
Andy Smith, who plays Crouch's friend, acts as a bridge between the audience and the stage. He sits on a chair, apart from the set, and reads from a script. Much of the time, Smith reports quotes and theories directly to the audience. At certain moments, when a wedge has been driven between the two friends, Smith narrates actions directly to us; 'I tell him he can sit on a step outside' or 'I tell him to take his coat off.'
We slide between sides – team Crouch and team Smith – governed by forces beyond our control. The way these two act, involving or distancing us, changes our function as an audience. It is not something that we control and, yet, for some reason, we occasionally feel guilty.
This distance between the two friends on stage dances mischievously about the entire production. It is there in the different space and temperament these two occupy – and it is also there in the huge silences that punctuate the script. These silences are filled with anger or regret or lost time these two will never share. ('I wait for my friend. My friend is late.') Again, these silences are something that we – the audience – feel part of.
With every silence, Smith looks – neutrally – out into audience. An odd feeling of responsibility creeps amongst us. Are we the time and life and distractions that came between these two intimate friends? Or are we the very force that brought these two together? A great swell of contradictions rises up, playing with us, jostling us and involving us.
Theatre itself begins to materialise as an important presence in both the performers' lives and our own. The idea of life as isolation, as computer screens and wired connections, starts to shade the script. The opportunities for real human contact are dwindling. Theatre is one of the few mediums that will continue to bring people together in a real space, in real time. We all have a responsibility to keep creating and sharing this space together – no matter how conflicted a space it might be.
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Heavy Civil
Precast Advantage
Tindall Advantage
T-SLAB
Tindall Awarded Contract for RagingWire's Ashburn Data Center Campus Expansion
Tindall Corporation was recently awarded a contract to produce the precast concrete components for RagingWire Data Centers' new campus expansion in Ashburn, Va., the #1 data center market in the world also known as "Data Center Alley." This project for RagingWire, one of the most successful data center companies, further establishes Tindall as a key supplier to data center construction projects.
"As a major global player, RagingWire is rapidly expanding its portfolio of data centers that deliver the best possible solution of power, cooling, networking and security – at a price point and rapid delivery their hyperscale cloud and large enterprise customers require," said Greg Force, President and CEO of Tindall. "As the provider of the precast concrete structure, we are excited to be part of the team building its next world-class facility in the heart of Northern Virginia's famed Data Center Alley."
Tindall will be working on two new data centers within RagingWire's fenced, secure, 78-acre Ashburn Data Center Campus. The campus is planned for seven interconnected buildings with over 1 million square feet of space and 100+ megawatts of power. The VA4 Data Center, with 250,000 square feet of space and 32 megawatts of power, is planned for customer availability in mid-2019 joining the VA3 Data Center both located on the Ashburn Data Center Campus.
"RagingWire has a legacy of excellence that spans nearly 20 years based on the highest standards for data center efficiency, economy and performance," said Kevin Dalton, RagingWire Senior Vice President of Construction and Critical Facilities Engineering and Design. "We trust the engineers at Tindall to exceed our expectations on all fronts."
The Tindall Virginia Division plans to construct 516,000-square-feet of total precast for the structures' flooring and roofs, including over 1,600 pieces on two levels. Tindall has partnered with Holder Construction, Corgan Architects and AG&E Structural Engenuity to complete this project.
These new Ashburn data centers will add to RagingWire's extensive data center portfolio that includes three additional data centers in Ashburn, three massive data centers in Sacramento, Calif., a 42-acre campus in Dallas, Texas, a new four-story data center construction project in Silicon Valley, Calif., and a 19-acre property in Chicago for future development.
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Governor Cuomo Announces Confirmation of Tom Prendergast to Serve as MTA Chairman and CEO
TOP Governor Cuomo Announces Confirmation of Tom...
Governor Andrew M. Cuomo today announced the confirmation of Thomas F. Prendergast to serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) by the New York State Senate. Mr. Prendergast served for more than three years as president of MTA New York City Transit, which runs the subway and bus system in New York City, and for six years as the President of the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR). He has served as the MTA Interim Executive Director since January 1, 2013. He replaces Joseph Lhota.
Tom Prendergast has a proven track record of leadership and transportation expertise, especially when it comes to the managing the vast transportation network of the MTA, Governor Cuomo said. As Interim Executive Director, Tom was vital to the recovery of the MTA after Superstorm Sandy and he will continue to play a crucial role in making the MTA more modern, efficient and storm ready. I look forward to Toms continued success in running the nations largest transportation system.
I am grateful that Governor Cuomo has entrusted me with the responsibility of leading the largest transportation agency in North America, Prendergast said. The MTA faces enormous challenges to continue improving service while cutting costs and rebuilding stronger after Superstorm Sandy. Leading the MTA through these challenges is critical to the lives of millions of New Yorkers and the future of the New York economy. Governor Cuomo has repeatedly demonstrated his strong support for the MTA, and I deeply appreciate this opportunity.
"In nominating Tom Prendergast, Governor Cuomo has chosen a well suited and uniquely qualified individual to lead the MTA, the nation's largest mass transit system. Mr. Prendergast's extensive professional experience, both within the MTA and in other public and private sector transportation positions, will serve him well as he addresses the numerous issues and challenges facing the MTA. I congratulate Chairman Prendergast and look forward to working with him in his new position," said Senator Charles J. Fuschillo, Jr., Chairman of the Senate's Transportation Committee.
In 2011, the Governors MTA Search Advisory Committee conducted a national search to find and recommend the most talented candidates to lead the MTA. Mr. Prendergast was highly recommended by the Committee, and Committee members were consulted in his nomination that was announced today. The advisory committee was composed of leading public transportation experts and management professionals in the public and private sectors.
Mr. Prendergast is a career public transit officer and former MTA executive who was appointed President of MTA New York City Transit in November 2009. Prendergast, then the CEO at TransLink in Vancouver, B.C., returned to New York and took office December 1, 2009.
A native of Chicago, with a systems engineering degree from the University of Illinois, Mr. Prendergast began his career at the Chicago Transit Authority in 1975. From there, he joined the U.S. Department of Transportation in Washington, DC, then moved to the New York City Transit Authority in 1982 as Assistant Director of System Safety. In 1984, he was named Chief of the TAs System Safety Department. In 1987 he became Staten Island General Manager, and in 1989, the agencys Chief Electrical Officer. Then in 1991, he was named Senior Vice President of the Department of Subways.
In 1994, Prendergast left Subways SVP office at Jay Street in Brooklyn to become President of the Long Island Rail Road. In 2000, he left the public sector to work as a consultant in transportation. Over the next eight years, he worked on numerous project and program management assignments in the UK, North America and Asia. He returned to the public sector in 2008 with his move to TransLink, Vancouvers public transportation system.
We are pleased Governor Cuomo has named such an esteemed transit professional to lead the agency that is responsible for keeping the New York economy moving, said Kathryn Wylde, President and CEO of the Partnership for New York City. We look forward to working with Tom to continue improving the MTA network and spurring growth in New York.
The MTA couldn't be in better hands. Tom Prendergast is the consummate transportation professional, and New Yorkers should be happy that Governor Cuomo has put him in charge of the engine of New York's growth, said MTA Vice-Chairman Fernando Ferrer. I have been deeply impressed with his knowledge, his skill and his leadership in my time working alongside him at the MTA, and I am confident he will do an outstanding job confronting the many challenges facing the MTA.
"Tom's decades of running transit systems makes him an outstanding pick to be the Chairman and CEO of the MTA," said Gene Russianoff, staff attorney for the NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign, a transit riders group. "Throughout his time in New York, he's been responsive and accessible to us and our colleagues who work to represent the needs of transit riders."
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Dr. Amvrossios "Ross" Bagtzoglou, Head of the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, has been elected a Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). Dr. Bagtzoglou received his Ph.D. from the University of California – Irvine in 1990 and joined UConn in 2002. Earlier in his career, Dr. Bagtzoglou was an assistant professor at Columbia University and a Senior Research Engineer at Southwest Research Institute. He has published more than 60 refereed journal papers and received almost $3M in grants during his academic career. Dr. Bagtzoglou is internationally recognized for his pioneering work on inverse methods for groundwater pollution source identification. He serves as Associate Editor of Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment and has served as Associate Editor for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, Water Resources Research, Environmental Forensics, and Journal of the American Water Resources Association. The 80,000 member ICE is a qualifying body, a center for the exchange of specialist knowledge, and a provider of resources to encourage innovation and excellence in the civil engineering profession worldwide. Founded in 1818, it was granted a royal charter in 1828 with the aim to "foster and promote the art and science of civil engineering."
Dr. Mun Y. Choi, Dean of the School of Engineering and a Professor of Mechanical Engineering, was elected a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Dr. Choi joined UConn in 2008 after serving previously as Department Head of Mechanical Engineering and Associate Dean for Research at Drexel University. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1992. Dr. Choi has made significant contributions to the understanding of microgravity droplet combustion and development of new experimental techniques for accurate soot measurement that are widely used in the fire and combustion research. He has also developed and led innovative programs for undergraduate and graduate teaching, K-12 teacher and student outreach to enhance diversity, leadership in Pi Tau Sigma, and development of national graduate fellowship programs. In 2011, Governor Dannel P. Malloy appointed Dr. Choi a Board Member of Connecticut Innovations, and the same year, Connecticut Senate President Pro Tempore Donald E. Williams appointed him to the Board of the Connecticut Clean Energy Finance and Investment Authority. He was elected to the Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering in 2009. Dr. Choi will step into the role of Interim Provost at UConn on June 1, 2012. The new class of Fellows includes 137 new inductees; just 3,200 of the society's 120,000 members hold the rank of Fellow.
The work of Dr. Bryan Huey (Chemical, Materials & Biomolecular Engineering) and three members of his research team, Drs. R.N. Premnath, S. Lee and N.A. Polomoff, was featured on the cover of the April 2012 issue of the Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Their paper, entitled "High Speed SPM Applied for Direct Nanoscale Mapping of the Influence of Defects on Ferroelectric Switching Dynamics," reviews the team's development and application of high speed atomic force microscopy techniques to investigate the switching process in data storage materials. Dr. Huey notes that the paper documents the highest spatial and temporal resolution of directly observed switching steps, the fastest images published to date, the first mapping of nucleation times and growth velocities crucial to the switching efficiency, the observation of fatigue caused by multiple switching events, and measurement of the spatial and energetic distribution of defects that influence switching dynamics including grain boundaries, indentation sites, and microcracks.
The scans appearing on the cover (R. Nath, B. D. Huey) show ferroelectric domain evolution during polarization cycling between [001] and [001 ̅ ] orientations, taken from 256 consecutive High Speed SPM images of a PZT thin film (3 µm x 3 µm, 3 seconds per frame).


VANZI
brokering the Governance Framework for the
3D Geo-referenced Digital Built & Legal Environment (3D Geo-DBLE)
Historical Intent
VANZ does NOT denote a 'single operating system or platform' or 'central control'.
Instead, it aims to unite the very wide range of government, industry, research and community interests under a common Legal Framework across Australia and New Zealand - to deliver a seamless virtual world that mirrors BOTH the physical attributes and legal entitlements of the real world.
At base, it reflects a simple principle: "That, as far as possible, each person and organization should have the same rights in VANZ (the 'Authorised Virtual World'), as they have in regard to the real-world property that VANZ models".
This principle is capable of being applied across all jurisdictions in all countries. If enacted globally, it will mean that people who understand their property rights, responsibilities and restrictions in the Real World, can readily translate them into the 'Authorised Virtual World'.
The very real alternative, is the explosive development of new legislation in every jurisdiction (not just in Australia and New Zealand, but globally), aimed at trying to separately regulate different 'bits' of the virtual world to protect privacy and security, and to clarify liability. Under this 'nightmare scenario', everyone would have to deal with a whole new set of laws that differ within every jurisdiction that may also conflict with and confuse rights, responsibilities and restrictions in the real world.
'Property' is a legal construct that is applied to 'physical' objects. The aim is to apply the same construct in the same way to the equivalent 'virtual objects' in the 'Authorised Virtual World'.
Just as the existing legal framework leaves people free to conduct their own affairs in the real world with greater security, privacy and certainty, than without it - so the proposed VANZ Framework aims to give people the freedom to conduct their own affairs with more security, privacy and certainty in the virtual world - than without it.
It also provides a Secure Data Holding and Access solution in the form of a Network of Data Banks charged with holding all 'property-related' information 'in perpetuity' (on behalf of property owners and the community) - subject to a single National Regulator.
By establishing the notion of an 'Authorised Data Bank', it becomes easy to determine what is the 'Authorised Model' to which the relevant rights, responsibilities and restrictions apply, namely: 'that represented by the data deposited in an Authorised Data Bank that uniquely describe specific attributes of the physical world'.
The Framework is also expected to dramatically reduce costs and complexity in all facets of 'property-related' activities, as well as providing a focus for the development of integrated processes and software solutions.
© VANZI