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PMC10521587
Cureus
Eosinophilic Enteritis Flare-Up Mimicking Acute Gastroenteritis: A Rare Case
27-08-2023
Eosinophilic enteritis is a rare subset of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. It typically presents with chronic symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and ascites. However, the clinical presentation can vary due to acute flare-ups. Here, we present a case of eosinophilic enteritis in a young fem...
[ "Eosinophilic gastrointestinal by its association with GI symptoms and eosinophil-rich infiltration of the intestinal mucosa, without secondary intestinal eosinophilia [ ]. After eosinophilic esophagitis, both eosinophilic gastroenteritis and EE represent the most frequent subset of disorders [ ]. Although the dise...
PMC10813894
Children
Statins—Beyond Their Use in Hypercholesterolemia: Focus on the Pediatric Population
17-01-2024
Statins are a class of medications primarily used in adults to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. However, the use of statins in children is generally limited and carefully considered despite the well-documented anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and pro-apoptotic effects, as well a...
[ "Statins primarily function by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A primarily due to elevated LDL cholesterol, can be attributed to the cumulative effect of multiple single nucleotide variants scattered throughout the genome [ ]. These individuals are at a high risk of developing atherosclerosis due to ...
PMC10137892
Gels
Nano-Gels: Recent Advancement in Fabrication Methods for Mitigation of Skin Cancer
13-04-2023
In the 21st century, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers have become an epidemic outbreak worldwide. Therefore, the exploration of all potential preventative and therapeutic measures based on either physical or bio-chemical mechanisms is essential via understanding precise pathophysiological pathways (Mitogen-activa...
[ "The concept “novel drug delivery system” into different categories such as physically-chemically cross-linked, hybrid nano-gel, polymeric, bio-mimetic nano-gel, pH, thermo, magnetic, hypoxia, ultrasound, enzyme, and reduction responsive nano-gel on the basis of synthesis procedure, nature of materials used and res...
PMC10369066
Frontiers in Immunology
Gut colonization with an obesity-associated enteropathogenic microbe modulates the premetastatic niches to promote breast cancer lung and liver metastasis
12-07-2023
Introduction Obesity, an independent risk factor for breast cancer growth and metastatic progression, is also closely intertwined with gut dysbiosis; and both obese state and dysbiosis promote each other. Enteric abundance of Bacteroides fragilis is strongly linked with obesity, and we recently discovered the presence ...
[ "The impact of obesity on breast cancer can be appreciated by the fact that a 5-unit increase in body mass index. Adiposity and altered body fat composition can significantly influence breast cancer outcomes through an upsurge of proinflammatory cytokines and immune modulation. Likewise, dysbiotic gut microbiota ca...
PMC10785397
BMC Health Services Research
Causes and consequences of quack medicine in health care: a scoping review of global experience
11-01-2024
Background The field of health has been facing challenges with fraudulent practices and the prevalence of “quack medicine”. Many cases have given rise to this issue. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate and categorize the causes and consequences of quack medicine in the healthcare. Methods A scopin...
[ "Issues such as quackery and charlatanism have long been a concern for human civilizations and communities since the development of health service delivery structures and processes. While the forms and severity of these issues may vary across nations, it can be argued that all health systems are susceptible to some...
PMC10350961
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
Bond Polarizability as a Probe of Local Crystal Fields in Hybrid Lead-Halide Perovskites
05-07-2023
A rotating organic cation and a dynamically disordered soft inorganic cage are the hallmark features of organic-inorganic lead-halide perovskites. Understanding the interplay between these two subsystems is a challenging problem, but it is this coupling that is widely conjectured to be responsible for the unique behavi...
[ "The efficiency\nof hybrid organic-inorganic\nlead-halide perovskite. The main reason for this choice is\nthat these modes are by far the strongest in terms of IR-intensity.^(17 , 30 , 41) Elementary counting of the degrees\nof freedom reveals. In C we show how the. To relate it to the polarizability\n⟨ α^(H) ⟩ mea...
PMC10500542
Cureus
Hand Scrubbing and Donning of Sterile Surgical Gloves: An Observational Clinical Audit of Novice Dental Surgeons
15-08-2023
Background The most critical factors in the satisfactory recovery of a patient post-surgery are obedience to sterilization and aseptic protocol. Using aseptic principles, the standard hand scrubbing and gloving procedure prevents contamination of the surgical site and aids in infection control. Methods Eighty dental in...
[ "Prevention of surgical site infections is critical for evaluating control mechanisms within healthcare systems and implementing the necessary changes. However, such monitoring can be costly, posing an enormous problem to healthcare systems around the world, particularly in impoverished countries [ ].", "Putting ...
PMC10757273
Clinics
Preliminary outcomes of five-year survival for ovarian malignancies in profiled Serbian Oncology Centre
04-05-2023
Highlights • Analyzing predictors of survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma is crucial. • Independent estimators of mortality in ovarian carcinoma, are more precise by identifying histopathologic tumor grade, FIGO, and NACT. • The aforementioned predictors also involve the number of therapeutic cycles, type of sur...
[ "With the aging of the world's population, the authors are faced with changes in morbidity and mortality causes and cancer is becoming the leading cause of death. It is estimated that in the continent of Europe, which counts close to 10% of the world's population, there are about 23.4% newly diagnosed cancers and a...
PMC10603682
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI
Hepatitis E Virus in Livestock—Update on Its Epidemiology and Risk of Infection to Humans
17-10-2023
Simple Summary Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a public health problem worldwide, as it is an important food pathogen that humans can obtain from animals. The most common way to infect humans is by consuming contaminated, undercooked meat or raw meat from infected pigs. However, domestic cattle, small ruminants such as shee...
[ "Hepatitis E is an important public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that 20 million infections with Paslahepevirus balayani have higher HEV-related seroprevalence rates than the general population [ ]. All livestock professionals should be aware of the risk of zoonotic-acquired hep...
PMC10752250
Ecology and Evolution
Between‐year and spatial variation in body condition across the breeding cycle in a pelagic seabird, the Red‐billed Tropicbird
27-12-2023
Abstract Body condition in pelagic seabirds impacts key fitness‐related traits such as reproductive performance and breeding frequency. Regulation of body condition can be especially important for species with long incubation periods and long individual incubation shifts between foraging trips. Here, we show that body ...
[ "Body condition in birds is a key factor underlying the success of breeding, migration and moult. In seabirds, parental body condition is known to influence and impact breeding and foraging regimes. In pelagic seabirds, spending much of their time at sea and only returning to land to breed, it is challenging to und...
PMC10246788
PLOS ONE
Trace quantification of GL-V9 and its glucuronide metabolites (5-O-glucuronide GL-V9) in Beagle dog plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
07-06-2023
GL-V9, a new synthetic flavonoid derived from wogonin, has shown beneficial biological functions. In this study, accurate and sensitive UPLC–MS/MS methods were developed and validated for the quantification of GL-V9 and its glucuronide metabolite (5-O-glucuronide GL-V9) in Beagle dog plasma. The chromatographic separat...
[ "Cancer, the abnormal growth of cells, is an enigmatic and frightening disease or group of diseases that places an enormous burden on society worldwide. Cancer occurs with the involvement of a variety of factors, genes, and pathways and shows multiple stages [ , ]. In recent years, advances such as exploring molecu...
PMC10754979
Frontiers in Neuroscience
TSPNet: a time-spatial parallel network for classification of EEG-based multiclass upper limb motor imagery BCI
15-12-2023
The classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) motor imagery signals has emerged as a prominent research focus within the realm of brain-computer interfaces. Nevertheless, the conventional, limited categories (typically just two or four) offered by brain-computer interfaces fail to provide an extensive array of contr...
[ "Brain-computer interface. Among various techniques, electroencephalography. A multitude of algorithms have been developed for EEG pattern classification in diverse BCI applications. In their research, Wang et al. redefined the common spatial pattern proposed a deep learning framework that incorporates convolutiona...
PMC10372701
JAMA Network Open
Low-Dose Aspirin and the Risk of Stroke and Intracerebral Bleeding in Healthy Older People
26-07-2023
The secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial investigates the effect of low-dose aspirin on incidence of ischemic stroke and intracranial bleeding among healthy older people.
[ "Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that has been used in low doses", "People aged 70 years or older. A total of 9525 participants were allocated to aspirin and 9589 participants to placebo. At baseline, randomized treatment groups were well matched in demographic and risk factors for stroke.^(21)", "During follo...
PMC10152627
Journal of Neuroinflammation
Role of macrophage autophagy in postoperative pain and inflammation in mice
02-05-2023
Background Postoperative pain and inflammation are significant complications following surgery. Strategies that aim to prevent excessive inflammation without hampering natural wound-healing are required for the management of postoperative pain and inflammation. However, the knowledge of the mechanisms and target pathwa...
[ "Postoperative pain is one of the most significant post-surgical complications and can delay functional recovery and impair patients’ quality of life. Inflammation plays crucial roles in the pathophysiology of postoperative pain. Once tissue damage occurs from surgical intervention, inflammatory cells proliferate a...
PMC10995625
Microbial Genomics
Optimising machine learning prediction of minimum inhibitory concentrations in Klebsiella pneumoniae
26-03-2024
Abstract Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) are the gold standard for quantitatively measuring antibiotic resistance. However, lab-based MIC determination can be time-consuming and suffers from low reproducibility, and interpretation as sensitive or resistant relies on guidelines which change over time. Genome se...
[ "The scripts used to run and fit the models can be found athttps://github.com/gbatbiff/Kpneu_MIC_prediction. The Illumina sequences from Thorpe et al . are available from the European Nucleotide Archive under accession PRJEB27342 . All the other strains are available on https://www.bv-brc.org/ database.", "Klebsi...
PMC10951280
Scientific Reports
Dietary linoleic acid supplementation protects against obesity-induced microglial reactivity in mice
19-03-2024
We investigated whether linoleic acid (LA) supplementation could modulate emotional behavior and microglia-related neuroinflammation. For that, male mice of C57BL/6J genetic background fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard diet (STD) for 12 weeks, were treated with a vehicle or LA solution for 5 weeks before b...
[ "The multifactorial etiology of obesity obscures the underlying biological mechanisms^(1). Besides genetic vulnerability^(2 , 3), a large number of obesity cases in Western countries are the consequence of malnutrition, i.e., overconsumption of fat-rich food. Prolonged high-fat diets lead to the emergence of metabo...
PMC10168656
ACS Omega
Polyethylene Glycol 20k. Does It Fluoresce?
06-04-2023
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polyether compound commonly used in biological research and medicine because it is biologically inert. This simple polymer exists in variable chain lengths (and molecular weights). As they are devoid of any contiguous π-system, PEGs are expected to lack fluorescence properties. However, r...
[ "Polyethylene glycol. The aqueous solution of unpurified PEG 20k was found to fluoresce at all wavelengths within the range, but the emission intensity was the highest at λ_(ex) ∼ 290 nm for the intervals chosen. In the present study, we decided to use a λ_(ex) of 295 nm due to its significance in protein studies. ...
PMC10512673
Turkish Journal of Pathology
ALK-Positive Histiocytosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
0-0-2021
ALK positive histiocytosis is a relatively new histiocytic proliferation disease with a characteristic gene translocation involving fusion of the ALK gene with different partners, mostly KIF5B. We report a case of ALK-positive histiocytosis with literature review. A 27-year-old male patient presented mainly with progre...
[ "ALK-positive histiocytosis is a relatively new histiocytic proliferation disease with a characteristic gene translocation involving fusion of the ALK gene with different partners, mostly KIF5B . The first reported cases were infants who presented with systemic manifestations including pallor, anemia, thrombocytope...
PMC10560287
Nature Communications
UV-B irradiation-activated E3 ligase GmILPA1 modulates gibberellin catabolism to increase plant height in soybean
07-10-2023
Plant height is a key agronomic trait that affects yield and is controlled by both phytohormone gibberellin (GA) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation. However, whether and how plant height is modulated by UV-B-mediated changes in GA metabolism are not well understood. It has not been reported that the E3 ubiquitin liga...
[ "Ideotype breeding aims to achieve high yields in crops by combining multiple beneficial genetic traits into one variety. Plant height is an important feature of plant ideotypes. The application of semi dwarf varieties has significantly improved crop yield by increasing the planting density and the lodging resistan...
PMC10202156
Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia (Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology)
Prevalence of allergic rhinitis symptoms and associated factors in six-year-old children in a municipality in southern Brazil
05-05-2023
ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis symptoms and associated factors in six-year-old children. Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study involving 956 six-year-old schoolchildren from Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Home interviews were conducted with mothers in which socio-demograp...
[ "Rhinitis is a diffuse inflammation or dysfunction of nasal lining mucosa caused by the action of infectious, allergenic or hyperreactive agents. It is classified as allergic, non-allergic, infectious or mixed rhinitis^(1). Allergic rhinitis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by immunoglobulin E ...
PMC10411168
RBGO Gynecology & Obstetrics
Screening of Variants in the Transcript Profile of Eutopic Endometrium from Infertile Women with Endometriosis during the Implantation Window
01-07-2021
Objective Abnormalities in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis may be related to disease-associated infertility. Although previous RNA-sequencing analysis did not show differential expression in endometrial transcripts of endometriosis patients, other molecular alterations could impact protein synthesis...
[ "Endometriosis, a disease characterized by implantation and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, has a high prevalence, affecting between 6 and 10% of women in reproductive age. It is also frequently associated with infertility, being present in between 25 and 50% of infertile women, with 30 to ...
PMC10847414
Nature Communications
Antireflective vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser for LiDAR
06-02-2024
Multijunction vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have gained popularity in automotive LiDARs, yet achieving a divergence of less than 16° (D86) is difficult for conventional extended cavity designs due to multiple-longitudinal-mode lasing. Our innovation, the antireflective vertical-cavity surface-emittin...
[ "Compactness, fast response, and high energy conversion efficiency have made vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, as the power flow per unit emission area A per unit solid-angle ΔΩ is preserved as the light beam travels through any ideal collimating lens systems^(18). It can only increase if any optics are noni...
PMC10191861
Nature Aging
Cold temperature extends longevity and prevents disease-related protein aggregation through PA28γ-induced proteasomes
03-04-2023
Aging is a primary risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders that involve protein aggregation. Because lowering body temperature is one of the most effective mechanisms to extend longevity in both poikilotherms and homeotherms, a better understanding of cold-induced changes can lead to converging modifiers of patholo...
[ "Extreme low temperatures are detrimental, but a moderate decrease in body temperature can have beneficial effects for the organism^(1). In fact, lowering body temperature extends longevity in both poikilotherms. However, adult control sterile worms had similar caspase-like and chymotrypsin-like proteasome activiti...
PMC10227795
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
MiR-146a-5p delivered by hucMSC extracellular vesicles modulates the inflammatory response to sulfur mustard-induced acute lung injury
30-05-2023
Background Sulfur mustard (SM) is a highly toxic chemical warfare agent that has caused numerous casualties during wars and conflicts in the past century. Specific antidotes or therapeutic strategies are rare due to the complicated mechanism of toxicity, which still awaits elucidation. Clinical data show that acute lun...
[ "With its characteristic simple structure, easy availability and convenience in creating stockpiles, sulfur mustard in China [ , ]. According to clinical data on SM victims, acute lung injury and their extracellular vesicles [ , ]. We previously found that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the advantages of b...
PMC10381223
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
The effectiveness of anti-interleukin-1 therapy on subclinical inflammation parameters during the attack-free period in familial Mediterranean fever patients: A case-control study
0-0-2022
Background/aim Anti IL-1 therapy is useful in suppressing attacks in FMF patients with colchicine resistance, however, it is not certain whether subclinical inflammation can sufficiently be inhibited with anti-IL-1 therapy in FMF patients with amyloidosis. Materials and methods Forty-six FMF patients receiving anti-int...
[ "Familial Mediterranean fever, C-reactive protein is an index obtained from the proportion of neutrophils to lymphocytes. In recent studies, NLR has been a useful indicator of inflammation [ , ].", "Red cell distribution width may also be an indicator of subclinical inflammation. However, contradictory results be...
PMC10061370
Analytical Chemistry
Dense and Acidic Organelle-Targeted Visualization in Living Cells: Application of Viscosity-Responsive Fluorescence Utilizing Restricted Access to Minimum Energy Conical Intersection
17-03-2023
Cell-imaging methods with functional fluorescent probes are an indispensable technique to evaluate physical parameters in cellular microenvironments. In particular, molecular rotors, which take advantage of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process, have helped evaluate microviscosity. However, the invo...
[ "Biological events involve various\ntypes of molecules in diverse environments, but these events are generally\nunobservable unless a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic\ntechniques is used.^(1 , 2) Cell-imaging methods with fluorescent\nmolecular probes are indispensable for observing biological molecular...
PMC10007047
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
Comparing Direct Measurements and Three-Dimensional (3D) Scans for Evaluating Facial Soft Tissue
22-02-2023
The inspection of patients’ soft tissues and the effects of various dental procedures on their facial physiognomy are quite challenging. To minimise discomfort and simplify the process of manual measuring, we performed facial scanning and computer measurement of experimentally determined demarcation lines. Images were ...
[ "Researchers [ , , ] have been employing various two-dimensional scans in various areas of dental medicine. These improvements include high-quality motion-fixed image capture to provide better sequential frames with landmark detection. Three-dimensional surface scanning can generate a 3D soft tissue model of the fa...
PMC10058173
Pharmaceutics
Platinum-Nucleos(t)ide Compounds as Possible Antimetabolites for Antitumor/Antiviral Therapy: Properties and Perspectives
14-03-2023
Nucleoside analogues (NAs) are a family of compounds which include a variety of purine and pyrimidine derivatives, widely used as anticancer and antiviral agents. For their ability to compete with physiological nucleosides, NAs act as antimetabolites exerting their activity by interfering with the synthesis of nucleic ...
[ "Nucleos(t)ide analoguesides analoguesides, the NAs can maintain the ability to enter cells by exploiting specific plasma membrane nucleoside transporters [ , ]. Organic cation and/or anion transporters, not specific for nucleosides, can also be involved in the cellular uptake of some NAs [ ]. These classes of anti...
PMC10787678
Mycopathologia
COVID-19 associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: Impact of Antifungal Prophylaxis
13-01-2024
Early after the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-pandemic, it was observed that critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) were susceptible to developing secondary fungal infections, particularly COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Here we report our local experience on...
[ "Recent studies have highlighted that severe respiratory viral infections such as influenza or coronavirus disease 2019 has been recognized as a new entity that affects immunocompromised as well as non-immunocompromised critically ill patients [ ]. In line, a severe course of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respir...
PMC10264378
Scientific Reports
Altered functional brain network patterns in patients with migraine without aura after transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
13-06-2023
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) shows excellent effects on relieving clinical symptoms in migraine patients. Nevertheless, the neurological mechanisms of taVNS for migraineurs remain unclear. In recent years, voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) and functional connectivity (FC) methods were extens...
[ "Migraine is defined as a severe throbbing headache accompanied by sensitivity to light and sound, decreased executive ability, memory and attention, which is persistent and has severe negative impacts on sufferers' life. Each patient received a 4-week treatment period which included 12 sessions, with 30 min per se...
PMC10464105
BMC Public Health
Challenges and successes in the sustainment of Dutch community-level smoking cessation interventions for residents with a low socioeconomic position
23-08-2023
Background When health promotion interventions are implemented, the gains are often short-lived, as interventions are seldom successfully sustained. The current study explores how and under what conditions community-level smoking cessation interventions for people with a lower socioeconomic position can be sustained, d...
[ "Health promotion interventions at the community level are regularly utilised for underserved or disadvantaged groups [ ], such as those with a lower socioeconomic position impact of the intervention and may also reduce trust and support in the community for new interventions [ , ]. Furthermore, the initial develop...
PMC10988786
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Reusable, Recyclable, and Biodegradable Heat-Shrinkable Melt Cross-Linked Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Pulp Biocomposites for Polyvinyl Chloride Replacement
15-03-2024
Heat-shrinkable films are widely used as disposable secondary packaging but are conventionally made from fossil-based and nonbiodegradable polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene. To lower the environmental impact of such products, this work reports the development of recyclable, biodegradable, and partially biosourced heat...
[ "Heat-shrinkable films are a common and\nindispensable single-use\npackaging solution for the stabilization and protection of goods during\nsale and transportation. Usually, they are based on thermoplastic\nthat is stretched and oriented during production and can shrink and\nwrap around a product upon heating. When...
PMC10102360
Frontiers in Neurology
Association betweenCORINpromoter methylation and stroke: Results from two independent samples of Chinese adults
31-03-2023
Objective As the physical activator of natriuretic peptides, corin has been associated with stroke, but the underlying mechanism is not very clear. Here, we examined whether the CORIN promoter’s methylation, an epigenetic DNA modification, was associated with the risk of stroke in two independent samples. Methods A tot...
[ "Cardiac natriuretic peptides. Their circulating levels have been associated with the risk of stroke which is the leading cause of long-term disability and mortality all over the world, China in particular, in various prospective studies. Corin, a trypsin-like protease highly expressed in the heart, is the physiolo...
PMC10346566
Nutrients
Synergistic Effects of Heat-Treated Green Tea Extract and Enzymatically-Modified Isoquercitrin in Preventing Obesity
28-06-2023
Previous research has shown that both heat-treated green tea extract (HTGT) and enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) have anti-obesity effects. Given the absence of in vivo evidence demonstrating their synergistic effects, our study aimed to elucidate the combined obesity prevention potential of HTGT and EMIQ in...
[ "Obesity poses substantial implications for public health, as it is associated with an elevated risk of chronic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disorders [ ]. Obesity is primarily caused by an imbalance between the intake and expenditure of energy, where excess calories are stored in the body as fat...
PMC10541821
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Seasonal characterization of mercury contamination along the Portuguese coast: human health and environmental risk assessment
30-08-2023
A seasonal characterization of mercury (Hg) accumulation in three different estuaries along the Portuguese coast (i.e. Ria de Aveiro, Tagus estuary and Ria Formosa) was done. For that, it was evaluated: (1) Hg concentrations in abiotic (water) and biotic matrices (flora and fauna); (2) the risk of consumption of local ...
[ "Mercury. Both inorganic and organic Hg, especially the bivalves, among others.", "Hg is subject to complexation and reduction with dissolved organic matter and suspended particulate matter in the water column, affecting its speciation, bioavailability and mobility in aquatic systems. All these processes may vary...
PMC10576158
Journal of Occupational Health
Inequality in workplace support for various types of precarious workers compared with permanent workers in Japan: Across‐sectionalstudy
13-10-2023
Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine, by sex, whether precarious workers in Japan receive less support in the workplace than permanent workers. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study using an online questionnaire in 2022. We stratified participants by sex and performed modified Poisson reg...
[ "The number of precarious workers is increasing in countries all over the world. This trend has been reported in the United States and European countries, , and also in Japan, where approximately 40% of workers are currently in precarious employment. ,", "Previous studies in Japan have identified three types of p...
PMC10905999
Nano Letters
Fluorescence Enhancement in Topologically Optimized Gallium Phosphide All-Dielectric Nanoantennas
14-02-2024
Nanoantennas capable of large fluorescence enhancement with minimal absorption are crucial for future optical technologies from single-photon sources to biosensing. Efficient dielectric nanoantennas have been designed, however, evaluating their performance at the individual emitter level is challenging due to the compl...
[ "Light-matter interaction can\nbe controlled by the use of optical nanoantennas which confine light\nat the nanoscale, resulting in high local fields.^(1) While plasmonic nanoantennas have long been used for their\nlarge Purcell enhancement factor, they suffer from strong absorption\nand nonradiative quenching loss...
PMC10242231
Scientific Reports
Effect of situation similarity on younger and older adults’ episodic simulation of helping behaviours
06-06-2023
Similar cognitive processes enable us to remember the past (i.e., episodic memory) and simulate future events (i.e., episodic simulation). In the current study, we demonstrate an important role for previous experience when younger and older adults simulate future behaviours. Participants read short descriptions of a pe...
[ "As we engage with the world around us, we spend a considerable amount of time thinking about hypothetical scenarios. These would-be scenarios. The selected stories were then divided into lists of young-familiar and old-familiar stimuli that differed significantly between age groups in terms of similarity, t _(olde...
PMC10814099
Entropy
Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification for 5G Mobile Devices Using DCTF and Deep Learning
29-12-2023
The fifth-generation (5G) mobile cellular network is vulnerable to various security threats. Radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) identification is an emerging physical layer authentication technique which can be used to detect spoofing and distributed denial of service attacks. In this paper, the performance of RFF ident...
[ "The fifth generation address, subscriber identity module-based device identification is an emerging physical layer [ ], in-phase/quadrature was proposed in [ ], where raw I/Q samples could be transformed into a stable two-dimensional DCTF even with the presence of a CFO. The DCTF provides a visualization of the st...
PMC10633951
Journal of Intensive Care
Lacosamide dosing in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy
09-11-2023
Background Lacosamide is one of the anticonvulsants used in critically ill patients. This study aimed to suggest appropriate lacosamide dosing regimens in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) via Monte Carlo simulations. Methods Mathematical models were created using published d...
[ "Lacosamide is one of the newer antiepileptic agents. It has been widely used in clinical practice for focal is one of the renal replacement therapies and has been chosen for the treatment of acute kidney injury in hemodynamically unstable critically ill patients [ ]. Nearly, 50% of critically ill patients with sep...
PMC10470377
Journal of Public Health (Oxford, England)
Does antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation affect the mode or timing of delivery? Post hoc analyses of the MAVIDOS randomized controlled trial
28-12-2022
Abstract Background Observational studies relating maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D status to timing and mode of delivery have reported inconsistent results. We assessed the effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on the incidence of preterm birth, delivery mode and post-partum haemorrhage (PPH). Methods MAVIDO...
[ "Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is common. In a study of predominately White women in the south of the UK, 31% had a serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l and 18% < 25 nmol/l in late pregnancy. In a more ethnically diverse population in London, 36% women had 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l in early pregnancy. Reports of similarly high ...
PMC10581746
Journal of Law and the Biosciences
Implementing the human right to science in the regulatory governance of artificial intelligence in healthcare
14-10-2023
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) enables a medical device to optimize its performance through machine learning (ML), including the ability to learn from past experiences. In healthcare, ML is currently applied within controlled settings in devices to diagnose conditions like diabetic retinopathy without clinician ...
[ "In April 2018, the Food and Drug Administration diagnostic system that does not require clinician interpretation to detect greater than a mild level of diabetic retinopathy in adults diagnosed with diabetes. In essence, this fully autonomous prescription software device incorporates an adaptive algorithm to evalua...
PMC10532939
Life
Comparison of the Ocular Surface Disease Index and the Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye Questionnaires for Dry Eye Symptom Assessment
21-09-2023
Background: Patient-reported dry eye symptoms (DESs), assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaires, were compared in a large sample of patients. Methods: The correlation (Spearman coefficient) and agreement (Bland-Altman analysis) between the OSDI a...
[ "Dry eye disease, topical eye medication use, systemic disease, and living region and Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye [ , ]. The OSDI questionnaire was developed by Allergan Inc., mild symptoms, [ , , , , ], and is commonly used in epidemiological studies [ , ]. Although the development process of the OSDI questionna...
PMC10141467
Pharmaceuticals
A Treat-and-Extend Regimen of Intravitreal Brolucizumab for Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Refractory to Aflibercept: A 12-Month Result
07-04-2023
We aimed to investigate whether a treat-and-extend regimen of intravitreal brolucizumab (6.0 mg/0.05 mL) is effective for eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) refractory to aflibercept for 12 months. Sixty eyes from 56 patients receiving brolucizumab for exudative AMD refractory to aflibercept wer...
[ "Age-related macular degeneration, and geographic atrophy, also known by the recent term “complete retinal pigment epithelium [ ]. Among these cytokines, VEGF is a key factor in the development and progression of neovascular AMD [ , , ]. The advent of VEGF inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of exudative AM...
PMC10350255
BMC Women's Health
The global prevalence of sexual dysfunction in obese and overweight women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
15-07-2023
Background Obesity is a pressing public health risk issue worldwide. Women, in particular, face a higher risk of obesity. Recent research has highlighted the association between obesity and female sexual dysfunction. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the global prevalence of sexual dysfunction in...
[ "Obesity and overweight refer to the excessive and abnormal accumulation of body fat, which leads to adverse health effects [ ]. This condition represents a significant public health concern worldwide [ ] and has detrimental health effects on individual well-being and society’s financial burden [ ].", "The increa...
PMC10668436
BMC Public Health
A scoping review of the self-reported compassion measurement tools
24-11-2023
Background Compassion is closely linked to psychological well-being, and several assessment tools have been developed and studied to assess the level of compassion in different populations and for more precise measurement. There is currently a scarcity of comprehensive knowledge about compassion-related assessment tool...
[ "In recent decades, positive psychology has received increasing interest from researchers. The term “positive psychology” is generally defined as the use of psychological theory, research, and intervention techniques to investigate the positive, adaptive, creative, and emotionally fulfilling aspects of human behavi...
PMC10291253
Cureus
Perspectives on Current Attitudes, Enablers, and Barriers to Obtaining Surgical Informed Consent for Doctors-in-Training
26-06-2023
Background Surgical informed consent (SIC) is paramount in modern-day litigious surgical practice, yet numerous complaints remain about the consenting process. This paper investigated current attitudes, enablers, and barriers to obtaining SIC in clinical practice for doctors-in-training (DiT). Methodology Self-reported...
[ "Surgical informed consent to the current model of SIC description of the disease process, need for surgical intervention, and proposed operation, on May 11th, 2021, in Melbourne and May 6th, 2019, in Bangkok.", "Study population", "In Australia, the natural progression of the medical career begins as an intern...
PMC10377621
Biomolecules
The Metallodrug BOLD-100 Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Has Broad-Acting Antiviral Activity
08-07-2023
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted an urgent need to discover and test new drugs to treat patients. Metal-based drugs are known to interact with DNA and/or a variety of proteins such as enzymes and transcription factors, some of which have been shown to exhibit anticancer and antimicrobial effects. BOLD-100 (sodium ...
[ "Vaccination is widely recognized to be the most important component of severe COVID-19 prevention. Several mAb-based therapies have received Emergency Use Authorization, such as bamlanivimab/etesevimab, casirivimab/imdevimab, sotrovimab, and bebtelovimab. These mAbs recognize and bind a specific epitope present on...
PMC10361491
PLOS ONE
Economic policy uncertainty and stock market in G7 Countries: A panel threshold effect perspective
21-07-2023
Based on the literature, it is commonly understood that stock prices (SP) are influenced by economic policy uncertainty (PU), with a rise in PU typically having a negative impact on SP. However, the relationship between PU and SP may not always be linear due to the varying risk preferences of individuals. Risk preferen...
[ "The study is motivated by the conflicting and inconclusive empirical literature on economic policy uncertainty countries.", "The G7 countries, including Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, are major global economies with substantial financial markets. These countries...
PMC10820995
Micromachines
Micro-Raman for Local Strain Evaluation of GaN LEDs and Si Chips Assembled on Cu Substrates
22-12-2023
Integrated circuits are created by interfacing different materials, semiconductors, and metals, which are appropriately deposited or grown on substrates and layers soldered together. Therefore, the characteristics of starting materials and process temperatures are of great importance, as they can induce residual strain...
[ "Light-emitting devices, or LEDs, are extensively studied in terms of emission efficiency, wavelength modulation, stability, and duration, as they are widely used for applications in various fields, such as interior and exterior lighting, computer, and smartphone screens, and for the automotive industry [ , ]. For ...
PMC10788531
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
A regulatory role for the unstructured C-terminal domain of the CtBP transcriptional corepressor
23-11-2023
The C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) is a transcriptional corepressor that plays critical roles in development, tumorigenesis, and cell fate. CtBP proteins are structurally similar to alpha hydroxyacid dehydrogenases and feature a prominent intrinsically disordered region in the C terminus. In the mammalian system, Ct...
[ "Eukaryotic transcription factors and cofactors are rich in unstructured domains; these proteins have a higher percentage of predicted intrinsically disordered regions. Some of these IDRs have been shown to participate in specific transcriptional processes, sometimes through promoting the formation of phase separat...
PMC10318683
Journal of Eating Disorders
Chinese TikTok (Douyin) challenges and body image concerns: a pilot study
03-07-2023
Background Social media content on Western platforms promoting thinness, or thinspiration , has been found to negatively affect body image perception of users. Less is known about non-Western social media use and its effects on body image concerns. Chinese TikTok, known as Douyin, is a popular short video platform with...
[ "Social media plays an important role in shaping public perceptions of body ideals. Short-video platforms, such as TikTok, have further facilitated the dissemination and consumption of media content and popularised challenge videos that involve wide user participation. The aim of our study was to analyse the conten...
PMC10946784
Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
Enzyme‐Activatable Chemokine Conjugates for In Vivo Targeting of Tumor‐Associated Macrophages
05-09-2022
Abstract Increased levels of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are indicators of poor prognosis in most cancers. Although antibodies and small molecules blocking the recruitment of macrophages to tumors are under evaluation as anticancer therapies, these strategies are not specific for macrophage subpopulations. Here...
[ "Macrophages are critical regulators of tissue homeostasis, but some subpopulations", "Antibody‐drug conjugates, which use monoclonal antibodies for cell targeting, have been successfully translated to the clinic; however, antibodies for some proteins" ]
PMC10531928
Insects
Differential Spreading of Microsatellites in Holocentric Chromosomes of Chagas Disease Vectors: Genomic and Evolutionary Implications
19-09-2023
Simple Summary This study analyzed microsatellite distribution in the holocentric chromosomes of Triatominae, Chagas disease vectors. Using a non-denaturing FISH technique, 16 microsatellites were examined across 25 species from the Triatomini and Rhodniini tribes. Three hybridization patterns emerged: strong signals i...
[ "Microsatellites, also known as short tandem repeats, these loci are usually no longer than 100 nucleotides. These short microsatellite arrays, despite their presence at many genomic locations, can only be detected in specific situations in the chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization can be an alternative...
PMC10474031
Scientific Reports
Building capacity for estimating fire emissions from tropical peatlands; a worked example from Indonesia
01-09-2023
Tropical peatlands are globally significant in the terrestrial carbon cycle as they are comprised of a large forest carbon sink and a large peat carbon store—both of which can potentially be exchanged with the atmosphere on decadal time frames. Greenhouse gas emissions from fire-disturbance and development of tropical ...
[ "Greenhouse gas, where the latter are generally dominated by shrubs and grasses and have a shallower peat layer than less disturbed forests^(12).", "Recognizing the varying outcomes of either recovery or continued degradation of peatland landscapes following disturbance is important for carbon and emission accoun...
PMC10049479
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Developing New Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges Complexes to Improve Vitamin D Absorption in an In Vitro Study
10-03-2023
Vitamin D plays an important role in numerous cellular functions due to the ability to bind the Vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in different tissues. Several human diseases depend on low vitamin D3 (human isoform) serum level, and supplementation is necessary. However, vitamin D3 has poor bioavailability, an...
[ "Vitamin D comprises the isoforms D3. CDs are truncated cone-shaped oligosaccharides made up of α-(1,4) linked glucose units, obtained from the degradation of starch by the enzyme Cyclodextrin Glucosyltransferase is an innovative cross-linked polymer possessing good swelling properties and with a three-dimensional ...
PMC10212672
Journal of Parasitology Research
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intestinal Parasites among Food Handlers Working in Food Service Establishments in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
0-0-2023
Background As in most of African countries, intestinal parasites have been widely distributed in Ethiopia and are among the 10 top causes of morbidity and mortality nationwide. Statistics for food-borne illness in various industrialized countries show that up to 60% of cases may be caused by poor food handling techniqu...
[ "Food-borne diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Intestinal parasitosis refers to a group of diseases caused by one or more species of protozoa and helminths. These parasites are responsible for the major share of morbidity and mortality in a community where there is overcrowding, poor en...
PMC10616234
Frontiers in Endocrinology
Associations between genetically predicted sex and growth hormones and facial aging in the UK Biobank: a two−sample Mendelian randomization study
17-10-2023
Background Aging is an inescapable process, but it can be slowed down, particularly facial aging. Sex and growth hormones have been shown to play an important role in the process of facial aging. We investigated this association further, using a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods We analyzed genome-wide ...
[ "Facial aging is a multifactorial process governed by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that involves all tissues of the face, including the skin, muscles, fat, ligaments, and bone. Accordingly, exploring the mechanisms involved in facial aging, particularly facial skin aging, has been an area of interest, not only f...
PMC10058020
Toxins
Differential Role of Active Compounds in Mitophagy and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
06-03-2023
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, significantly reduce the quality of life of patients and eventually result in complete maladjustment. Disruption of the synapses leads to a deterioration in the communication of nerve cells and decreased plasticity, which is associated with...
[ "For adequate interaction with the environment, adaptive behavior in society, and the realization of creative potential, every person needs a properly functioning nervous system production, an increase in oxidative stress products, and an increase in the level of Ca^(2+) in the cytosol. These undesirable consequenc...
PMC10831082
Nature Communications
Toripalimab plus capecitabine in the treatment of patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm phase 2 trial
31-01-2024
Patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after receiving definitive treatment have poor prognoses. Although immune checkpoint therapies have achieved breakthroughs for treating recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, none of these strategies have been assessed for treating residual nasopharyngeal carc...
[ "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an epithelial cancer that develops from the mucosal lining of the nasopharynx^(1 , 2). The geographic distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is markedly uneven; over 70% of new cases occur in southern China, southeast Asia, and north Africa^(1 , 2). More than 70% of patients with naso...
PMC10051123
Nutrients
Maternal Vitamin B12 Status during Pregnancy and Early Infant Neurodevelopment: The ECLIPSES Study
22-03-2023
In this prospective cohort study of 434 mother–infant pairs from the ECLIPSES study, we examine the association between maternal vitamin B12 status at the beginning and end of pregnancy and the neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants 40 days after birth in a pregnant population from a Mediterranean region of northern Sp...
[ "Maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy is essential for maintaining normal fetal growth and adequate neurodevelopment because the nutritional supply and nutritional reserves from the mother are the only sources of nutrients for the fetus [ , ].", "Several epidemiological studies have reported association...
PMC10372109
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
Sexting Among Australian Adolescents: Risk and Protective Factors
22-07-2023
Although consensual sending of sexts between adolescents is considered developmentally appropriate, it may also entail a range of negative consequences. Current sexting research lacks a comprehensive theoretical framework identifying a range of risk and protective factors underpinning adolescent consensual sending of s...
[ "Consensual sending of sexts among adolescents is considered normative. However, this behavior may also entail adverse consequences including poor mental health, reputational damage, in-person and online victimization, and potentially even legal ramifications. As adolescents may not be well-equipped to deal with th...
PMC10486576
Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI
Prevalence and Diversity of Blood Parasites (Plasmodium,LeucocytozoonandTrypanosoma) in Backyard Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Raised in Southern Thailand
03-09-2023
Simple Summary Chickens can be infected by several avian blood parasites ( Plasmodium , Haemoproteus , Trypanosoma and microfilaria) that can cause a big impact on poultry production. However, some of them are known to cause a high impact on poultry production ( Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon ), while others still requir...
[ "Avian haemosporidian, two Plasmodium species were described: Plasmodium gallinaceum , likely endemic in Asia, and Plasmodium juxtanucleare [ ], which has a global distribution [ ]. Three Leucocytozoon species were reported in domestic chickens: Leucocytozoon macleani , with P. gallinaceum being transmitted mainly ...
PMC10483257
Cureus
Lyme Disease and Post-treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome: Current and Developing Treatment Options
08-08-2023
Lyme disease and its treatment implications have become an ever-increasing area of concern within the United States related to the markedly increased prevalence of infection within the last two decades. The presentation, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of Lyme disease have been well studied, and thus treatments for t...
[ "Lyme disease is one of the most prevalent vector-borne diseases in the United States [ ]. Originating from the spirochete family of bacteria, specifically the genus Borrelia , Lyme disease can be caused by different strains depending on geographical location. Borrelia burgdorferi is found in the western hemisphere...
PMC10509242
Scientific Reports
Mechanistic investigation into the binding property of Yohimbe towards natural polymeric DNAs
19-09-2023
DNA interactions with multivalent ligand(s) have increasingly become the subject of substantial research. For several small molecules with therapeutic potential, nucleic acids serve as their primary molecular target. Such interaction has been shown to affect transcription or replication, ultimately leading to apoptotic...
[ "Phytochemicals, over the years, have been receiving plenty of attention due to their pharmacological effects. One such phytochemical is yohimbine which has been mostly used as a stimulant and aphrodisiac for erectile dysfunction. Yohimbine is a plant alkaloid that is located in the bark of Pausinystalia yohimbe ^(...
PMC10190054
BMC Health Services Research
Adaptation and psychometric testing of the end-of-life professional caregiver survey in Jamaica
16-05-2023
Background Using a validated instrument to measure palliative care (PC) educational needs of health professionals is an important step in understanding how best to educate a well-versed PC workforce within a national health system. The End-of-life Professional Caregiver Survey (EPCS) was developed to measure U.S. inter...
[ "The World Health Organization and the WHO include PC as a fundamental human right and a critical component of the Sustainable Development Goals [ ]. These global goals call for equitable access to PC services for all patients and their families facing serious illness. Despite these advanced, only 14% of those in n...
PMC10366312
Archives of Dermatological Research
Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in hidradenitis suppurativa: the link between deviated immunity and metabolism
24-03-2023
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the master transcription factor of glycolysis, Th17 cell differentiation and suppression of regulatory T cells. In the skin and serum of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, increased expression of HIF-1α has been reported, whereas HIF-1α expression in the skin and serum of patients...
[ "Hidradenitis suppurativa has been observed in the skin of HS [ ], psoriatic epidermis [ , ], obesity and diabetes mellitus [ , ], and is regarded as a potential link between deviations of metabolism and immunity in HS [ – ]. Notably, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\n\t\t\t\t\\usepackage{a...
PMC10944409
Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
Fatal cardiac air embolism after CT-guided percutaneous needle lung biopsy: medical complication or medical malpractice?
09-05-2023
Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of the lung is a well-recognized and relatively safe diagnostic procedure for suspicious lung masses. Systemic air embolism (SAE) is a rare complication of transthoracic percutaneous lung biopsies. Herein, we present a case of an 81-year-old man who underwent C...
[ "Computed tomography, which occurs when air is introduced into the coronary and/or cerebral arterial vasculature, is a rare but potentially fatal complication. The reported incidence of SAE is 0.08% [ ], although the incidence may be higher, which showed hypercaptation. This needle remained in this position until t...
PMC10752984
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Boswellia carteriioleoresin extracts induce caspase-mediated apoptosis and G1cell cycle arrest in human leukaemia subtypes
14-12-2023
Background: Leukemias are a common cancer in adults and children. While existing treatments are effective, they are associated with severe side-effects compounded by the emergence of drug resistance. This necessitates the need to develop new drugs and phytopharmaceuticals offer a largely untapped source. Oleoresins pro...
[ "Leukaemia is a common cancer that presents as increased blood leucocyte count and remains a considerable global health burden. In children and young adults, the incidence of leukaemia increases each year and now accounts for one-third of all cancer diagnoses. Despite this, improvements in chemotherapeutics—which r...
PMC10604885
Antioxidants
Multi-Organ Nutrigenomic Effects of Dietary Grapes in a Mouse Model
01-10-2023
As a whole food, the potential health benefits of table grapes have been widely studied. Some individual constituents have garnered great attention, particularly resveratrol, but normal quantities in the diet are meniscal. On the other hand, the grape contains hundreds of compounds, many of which have antioxidant poten...
[ "The influence of diet on human health has been recognized over the millennia. From the time of Hippocrates Outbred, 18–24 g, 3–4 weeks old, female) mice were obtained from Envigo RMS, LLC and an isocaloric control diet supplemented with 5% were manufactured by Envigo.", "To understand the multi-organ effect of g...
PMC10361452
Discover. Oncology
PTEN-related risk classification models for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of hepatocellular carcinoma
20-07-2023
Introduction PTEN often mutates in tumors, and its manipulation is suggested to be used in the development of preclinical tools in cancer research. This study aims to explore the biological impact of gene expression related to PTEN mutations and to develop a prognostic classification model based on the heterogeneity of...
[ "Hepatocellular carcinoma, which a tumor suppressor gene located in the long arm of chromosome 10 at position 23.3 that often manifests mutation in cancer, could suppress tumorigenesis via a variety of mechanisms, for example, subcellular localization and protein–protein interaction, phosphatase-dependent and indep...
PMC10927983
Frontiers in Endocrinology
A comparative analysis of energy expenditure and substrate metabolism in male university students with overweight/obesity: Tabata vs HIIT and MICT
27-02-2024
Introduction Exploring the energy expenditure and substrate metabolism data during exercise, 10-minute recovery, and 20-minute recovery phases in Tabata, HIIT(High-Intensity Interval Training), and MICT(Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training). This study explores the scientific aspects of weight reduction strategies, e...
[ "In recent years, the improvement of living standards has brought about various health issues, with obesity being a global public health concern. The sedentary lifestyle and changes in dietary habits associated with socio-economic development have contributed to a rapid increase in global obesity rates. According t...
PMC10302579
Pathogens
Low Prevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin Sheep and Isolation of a Viable Strain from Edible Mutton from Central China
14-06-2023
Sheep are highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii , and miscarriage is the main clinical feature. This study investigated 227 sheep samples (210 myocardial tissues from slaughterhouses, 6 ewe serum samples, 3 aborted fetuses, and 8 dead lambs from veterinary clinics) from central China for T. gondii infection. Antibodi...
[ "Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that infects all warm-blooded animals, including humans and livestock. Members of the felid family are the definitive hosts of T. gondii , while other warm-blooded animals may be intermediate hosts. Over the last decade, the prevalence of T. gondii in humans has decr...
PMC10194890
PLOS ONE
An external validation of the QCOVID3 risk prediction algorithm for risk of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19: An observational, prospective cohort study of 1.66m vaccinated adults in Wales, UK
18-05-2023
Introduction At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic there was an urgent need to identify individuals at highest risk of severe outcomes, such as hospitalisation and death following infection. The QCOVID risk prediction algorithms emerged as key tools in facilitating this which were further developed during the second wa...
[ "Following the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an urgent public health need to identify individuals at highest risk of severe outcomes, in particular hospitalisation and death following infection. To support the National Health Service, extending the catego...
PMC10928718
ACS Infectious Diseases
Ubiquitin Ligase Parkin Regulates the Stability of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Suppresses Viral Replication
22-02-2024
The highly infectious coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 relies on the viral main protease (M pro , also known as 3CLpro or Nsp5) to proteolytically process the polyproteins encoded by the viral genome for the release of functional units in the host cells to initiate viral replication. M pro also interacts with host proteins of th...
[ "The ongoing coronavirus disease\n2019.\nIn contrast, CHIP E3 did not generate any ubiquitinated M^(pro). Since\nPINK1 can phosphorylate Parkin to stimulate its UB ligase activity,^(34) we set up in vitro ubiquitination of M^(pro) by Parkin with and without the addition of PINK1. We found that\nPINK1 enhanced the l...
PMC10843955
The European Journal of Public Health
An investment case analysis for the prevention and treatment of adolescent mental disorders and suicide in England
24-11-2023
Abstract Background Adolescent mental health (AMH) needs in England have increased dramatically and needs exceed treatment availability. This study undertook a comparative assessment of the health and economic return on investment (ROI) of interventions to prevent and treat mental disorders among adolescents (10–19 yea...
[ "Adolescent mental health", "In 2017, one in eight young people aged 5–19 in England experienced a mental disorder. UK hospital admissions for self-harm for ages 9–17 increased 22% between 2020 and 2022. Reports indicate extensive waiting times for diagnosis and starting treatment, insufficient capacity to assess...
PMC10318158
Frontiers in Physiology
Variability of extracellular vesicle release during storage of red blood cell concentrates is associated with differential membrane alterations, including loss of cholesterol-enriched domains
20-06-2023
Transfusion of red blood cell concentrates is the most common medical procedure to treat anaemia. However, their storage is associated with development of storage lesions, including the release of extracellular vesicles. These vesicles affect in vivo viability and functionality of transfused red blood cells and appear ...
[ "Blood conservation outside the bloodstream started a century ago with the discovery of citrate as anticoagulant and the addition of dextrose. From that time, scientists have been trying to improve continuously blood storage conditions and the transfusion efficacy. Nowadays, thanks to leukoreduction and additive so...
PMC10164451
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Inequity of antenatal influenza and pertussis vaccine coverage in Australia: the Links2HealthierBubs record linkage cohort study, 2012–2017
08-05-2023
Background Pregnancy and early infancy are increased risk periods for severe adverse effects of respiratory infections. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (respectfully referred to as First Nations) women and children in Australia bear a disproportionately higher burden of respiratory diseases compared to non-Ind...
[ "Pregnancy and early infancy are increased risk periods for severe adverse effects of respiratory infections [ , ]. A decrease in immunity from physiological effects of pregnancy, [ ] and age-associated immune immaturity in infants, exacerbated in infants born preterm, are among the reasons for these heightened inf...
PMC10457954
Pharmaceuticals
Impact of Sirolimus versus Mycophenolate Mofetil on Kidney Function after Calcineurin Inhibitor Dose Reduction in Liver Transplant Recipients
31-07-2023
Impaired kidney function is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Although immunosuppressants are essential in these patients, they impair kidney function. This study aimed to compare adverse kidney outcomes between patients treated with a reduced dose of tacrol...
[ "Liver transplantation, including cyclosporine and tacrolimus, has revolutionized the long-term prognosis of organ transplants by preventing graft rejection [ ]. However, these agents can have significant side effects, of which acute or chronic nephrotoxicity are considered major contributors to chronic kidney dise...
PMC10684871
Scientific Reports
Maternal early mid-pregnancy adiponectin in relation to infant birth weight and the likelihood of being born large-for-gestational-age
27-11-2023
This study aimed to evaluate the association of maternal adiponectin with infant birth size in 1349 pregnant women at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. The mean age of the women was 31.0 years, and 40.9% were nulliparous. Maternal early mid-pregnancy adiponectin was measured in microgram/mL. Linear regression models...
[ "The intrauterine milieu has a considerable impact on fetal growth and later on the birth weight of the infant^(1). Excessive fetal growth is observed among women with obesity^(2) and diabetes mellitus^(3). Increased nutrient availability and elevated insulin levels promoting fetal growth are proposed as mechanisms...
PMC10366197
Scientific Reports
LAMP (Loop-mediated isothermal amplification) assay for rapid identification of Varroa mites
24-07-2023
Varroa mites are serious pests of European honeybees ( Apis mellifera). For detection of Varroa mite, a new molecular LAMP-based assay has been developed, which retains the body of the mite intact for morphological identification. Six novel Varroa LAMP primers were designed from existing DNA sequences of the COI locus ...
[ "Varroa mites were developed to target a 259 bp portion of the Varroa COI locus. Ambiguous bases were added to the primers to account for common genetic variation present in the wider COI dataset of V. destructor and V. jacobsoni individuals available on GenBank. Six primers are used in the Varroa LAMP assay, two i...
PMC10663215
Frontiers in Plant Science
Detection of breakage and impurity ratios for raw sugarcane based on estimation model and MDSC-DeepLabv3+
08-11-2023
Broken cane and impurities such as top, leaf in harvested raw sugarcane significantly influence the yield of the sugar manufacturing process. It is crucial to determine the breakage and impurity ratios for assessing the quality and price of raw sugarcane in sugar refineries. However, the traditional manual sampling app...
[ "Sugarcane is an important raw material for the sugar industry worldwide. In China, sugarcane-based sugar production reached 4.6 million tons in 2022, which is 4.3 times that of beet sugar. In recent years, the use of machine-harvested sugarcane has been steadily increasing, with plans to reach 30% of total sugarca...
PMC10661729
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Benign and Premalignant Tumors—a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Surgery-Associated Morbidity
05-09-2023
Background Pancreatic benign, cystic, and neuroendocrine neoplasms are increasingly detected and recommended for surgical treatment. In multiorgan resection pancreatoduodenectomy or parenchyma-sparing, local extirpation is a challenge for decision-making regarding surgery-related early and late postoperative morbidity....
[ "Pancreatoduodenectomy The publications were checked for cross-references to identify eligible additional reports that were not identified by the primary search items. Differences were resolved by mutual agreement between two authors.", "Partial pancreatic head resection DPPHRp.", "DPPHRt involves resection of ...
PMC10458721
Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP
Monitoring Both Extended and Tryptic Forms of Stable Isotope-Labeled Standard Peptides Provides an Internal Quality Control of Proteolytic Digestion in Targeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Assays
20-07-2023
Targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic assays, such as multiplexed multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-MS assays, enable sensitive and specific quantification of proteotypic peptides as stoichiometric surrogates for proteins. Efforts are underway to expand the use of MRM-MS assays in clinical environments, whic...
[ "Over the past decade, targeted mass spectrometry. Quantitative measurements in MRM-MS assays are typically made using stable isotope dilution in a “bottom-up” fashion, in which proteolytic digestion.", "For clinical implementation of targeted MS-based measurements, robust quality control. In particular, proteoly...
PMC10902380
Nature Communications
A spatial map of hepatic mitochondria uncovers functional heterogeneity shaped by nutrient-sensing signaling
28-02-2024
In the liver, mitochondria are exposed to different concentrations of nutrients due to their spatial positioning across the periportal and pericentral axis. How the mitochondria sense and integrate these signals to respond and maintain homeostasis is not known. Here, we combine intravital microscopy, spatial proteomics...
[ "Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that play critical roles in cell physiology, including energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. E-cadherin and CD73 antibodies were used to enrich PP and PC hepatocytes, respectively, and Western blots were performed for validation.", "Next, PP and PC hepato...
PMC10691617
Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics
Predicting successful clinical candidates for fiducial‐free lung tumor tracking with a deep learning binary classification model
11-09-2023
Abstract Objectives The CyberKnife system is a robotic radiosurgery platform that allows the delivery of lung SBRT treatments using fiducial‐free soft‐tissue tracking. However, not all lung cancer patients are eligible for lung tumor tracking. Tumor size, density, and location impact the ability to successfully detect ...
[ "The CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery system to pregenerated DRRs obtained from the patient CT scan. The target can be localized based on density difference between the tumor and the surrounding lung tissue", "Lung tumor tracking is clinically desirable to keep target margins to a minimum, while avoiding the risks...
PMC10949921
Frontiers in Microbiology
Rhizosphere microbial community enrichment processes in healthy and diseased plants: implications of soil properties on biomarkers
29-02-2024
Plant health states may influence the distribution of rhizosphere microorganisms, which regulate plant growth and development. In this study, the response of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi of healthy and diseased plants compared to bulk microbes was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Plant adaptation strategies...
[ "Potato virus Y. Upon infection, plants activate their defense mechanisms by producing various resistant substances, including phytoalexin chitinase, peroxidase, and plant antitoxin to enhance their tolerance. Furthermore, the presence of PVY in a host organism leads to the observation of numerous morphological, ph...
PMC10334940
JMIR Dermatology
Medicare Opt-Out Trends Among Dermatologists May Reflect Systemic Health Policy: Cross-sectional Analysis
0-0-2022
Background Provider opt-out of accepting Medicare insurance is a nationally tracked metric by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) for all physicians, including dermatologists. Although this usually only consists of a small number of providers, the magnitude of opting out has varied historically, often tr...
[ "Private contracting with Medicare patients is a practice associated with provider “opt-out” from the federal program, where billing and collecting from Medicare is precluded; although the impact of dermatologist opt-out likely varies based on factors such as practice type, provider density, and population composit...
PMC10629663
PLOS Computational Biology
Bayesian modeling of the impact of antibiotic resistance on the efficiency of MRSA decolonization
0-10-2023
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Colonization by MRSA increases the risk of infection and transmission, underscoring the importance of decolonization efforts. However, success of these decolonization protocols varies, raising the possibility that some MRSA ...
[ "Staphylococcus aureus colonizes approximately 30% of the population [ ] and is a leading cause of healthcare and community associated infections [ ]. Healthcare-associated infections with MRSA are associated with higher mortality rates as well as increased cost and hospitalization duration compared to infection wi...
PMC10695375
PLOS ONE
Effect of pueraria on left ventricular remodelling in HFrEF: A systematic review and meta-analysis
04-12-2023
Background Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease globally, posing a significant burden on healthcare and society. Left ventricular remodelling is the primary pathology responsible for HFrEF development and progression, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Pu...
[ "Heart failure, has gradually increased over the past 30 years. This has placed a significant burden on healthcare and social systems [ ]. Left ventricular is widely used as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of HFrEF, and it has been verified to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects [ , ]. Of particular re...
PMC10310041
PLOS Computational Biology
coiaf: Directly estimating complexity of infection with allele frequencies
0-06-2023
In malaria, individuals are often infected with different parasite strains. The complexity of infection (COI) is defined as the number of genetically distinct parasite strains in an individual. Changes in the mean COI in a population have been shown to be informative of changes in transmission intensity with a number o...
[ "This is a PLOS Computational Biology Methods paper.", "Malaria remains a leading cause of death worldwide—in 2021, there were an estimated 247 million cases and 619,000 deaths around the globe [ ]. Despite the considerable burden of malaria, these numbers represent the substantial global progress made to control...
PMC10505267
Cureus
Dengue Infection Triggering Concurrent Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Case of Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
18-08-2023
We present a case report detailing the medical history of a 53-year-old female who had a well-established 10-year history of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The patient presented with fever and gum bleeding, prompting a series of laboratory investigations. These examinations revealed concurrent thrombocytope...
[ "Thrombocytopenia represents a frequently encountered condition in clinical practice, with a diverse array of underlying causes, encompassing infections, malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. Among the conditions leading to thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura are categorized as primary ITP, whil...
PMC10674246
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
Aberration Theory of a Flat, Aplanatic Metalens Doublet and the Design of a Meta-Microscope Objective Lens
19-11-2023
A theoretical approach for reducing multiple monochromatic aberrations using a flat metalens doublet is proposed and verified through ray tracing simulations. The theoretical relation between the Abbe sine condition and the generalized Snell’s law is revealed in the doublet system. Starting from the Abbe aplanat design...
[ "Recently, with the rise of the metasurface optics. However, it shows poor non-paraxial imaging performance owing to severe off-axis aberrations. Many studies about compensating longitudinal chromatic aberrations imply that a large chromatic dispersion of high-index dielectric meta-atoms is inherently harmful for t...
PMC10689747
Scientific Reports
Endoscopic gallbladder inside-stenting combined with aspirated lavage for calculous cholecystitis in poor surgical candidates: a prospective pilot study
30-11-2023
Although long-term stent placement via endoscopic gallbladder stenting (EGBS) reportedly reduces cholecystitis recurrence in patients unfit to undergo cholecystectomy, it can increase the frequency of other late adverse events (AEs) such as cholangitis. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of endoscopic gallblad...
[ "Calculous cholecystitis is a common disease, for which early surgical cholecystectomy is the standard treatment^(1). However, either percutaneous or endoscopic gallbladder drainage is indicated when emergent surgery cannot be performed in the acute phase due to the patient’s general condition^(2). Even in such cas...
PMC10389688
FEMS Microbiology Letters
Effect of Holder pasteurization and UV-C irradiation on bacteriophage titres in human milk
16-06-2023
Abstract Human milk is the optimal nutrition source for infants and contains a complex mix of bioactive compounds and microorganisms. When unavailable, pasteurized donor milk may be provided, particularly to preterm infants. Holder pasteurization (HP) is typically implemented in human milk banks to prevent pathogen tra...
[ "Holder pasteurization. While the ability of HP to reduce bacterial numbers in human milk is well characterized, the effect of this treatment on non-bacterial microbes in milk remains understudied with research focused on human pathogens. The effect of HP on milk bacteriophages, with phage diversity being highest i...
PMC10856728
Molecules
Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: What Has Been Undertaken to Promote the Transition from PET to Fluorescence Tracers
04-02-2024
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD) represent two among the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. A common hallmark of these pathologies is the misfolding and consequent aggregation of amyloid proteins into soluble oligomers and insoluble β-sheet-rich fibrils, which ultimately lead to ne...
[ "Neurodegenerative diseases represent one of the main causes of public health concerns to date, affecting almost 179 million people worldwide and costing more than EUR 800 billion only in Europe [ ]. Alzheimer’s Disease and Aβ_(1–42), while in PD, α-synuclein, while a definitive diagnosis is confirmed only upon a p...
PMC10168292
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Active exoskeleton reduces erector spinae muscle activity during lifting
25-04-2023
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a widespread problem, often regarding the lumbar region. Exoskeletons designed to support the lower back could be used in physically demanding professions with the intention of reducing the strain on the musculoskeletal system, e.g., by lowering task-related muscle activation. The pr...
[ "Musculoskeletal disorders. Work-related means that they are caused or at least worsened by work or the immediate work environment. More than half of the European workers suffer from some form of MSD. Back pain is the most commonly reported one. The aetiology of MSD seems to be multifactorial. Occupational factors ...
PMC10384334
Molecules
Deep Eutectic Solvents: Properties and Applications in CO2Separation
08-07-2023
Nowadays, many researchers are focused on finding a solution to the problem of global warming. Carbon dioxide is considered to be responsible for the “greenhouse” effect. The largest global emission of industrial CO 2 comes from fossil fuel combustion, which makes power plants the perfect point source targets for immed...
[ "One of the main objectives of current global research is to develop materials and methods aimed at reducing emissions of acid and toxic gases, especially carbon dioxide. One of the most common technologies used to remove CO_(2) is its absorption with aqueous amine solutions, mainly a 30% aqueous solution of monoet...
PMC10381519
Journal of Clinical Medicine
New Perspective for Drug–Drug Interaction in Perioperative Period
21-07-2023
In this review, we aim to discuss current information on drug interactions in the perioperative period. During this period, patients receive several drugs that may interact with each other and affect the efficacy and safety of the treatment. There are three types of drug interactions: pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, ...
[ "The perioperative period is the whole period including the preoperative period, the intraoperative phase, and the postoperative phase. This process provides the patient with all integrated care, from emotional and physical preparation and preliminary studies for a good operation, the contemplation of surgery, and ...
PMC10325054
PLOS Biology
Supra-orbital whiskers act as wind-sensing antennae in rats
06-07-2023
We know little about mammalian anemotaxis or wind sensing. Recently, however, Hartmann and colleagues showed whisker-based anemotaxis in rats. To investigate how whiskers sense airflow, we first tracked whisker tips in anesthetized rats under low (0.5 m/s) and high (1.5 m/s) airflow. Whisker tips showed increasing move...
[ "Animals can react to airflow stimuli and such wind-sensing abilities are referred to as anemotaxis. The best-studied examples of such behaviors come from insects, where anemotactic turning has been studied, among other species, in crickets [ , ] and in Drosophila [ , ]. Crickets show fast [ ], highly sensitive [ ]...