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The spontaneous pedestal formation above a power threshold at the edge of magnetically confined plasma is modelled for the first time in flux driven three-dimensional fluid simulations of electromagnetic turbulence with the code EMEDGE3D. The role of the collisional friction between trapped and passing particles is shown to be the key ingredient for shearing the radial electric field, hence stabilizing the turbulence, rather than the Maxwell and Reynolds stresses. The isotope effect, observed in many tokamaks worldwide, is recovered in EMEDGE3D simulations: the power threshold for pedestal formation is lower for Tritium than for Deuterium. The turbulence auto-correlation time is found to increase with the ion mass easing the radial electric shear stabilization, hence the pedestal formation.
Cosmological simulations are the key tool for investigating the different processes involved in the formation of the universe from small initial density perturbations to galaxies and clusters of galaxies observed today. The identification and analysis of bound objects, halos, is one of the most important steps in drawing useful physical information from simulations. In the advent of larger and larger simulations, a reliable and parallel halo finder, able to cope with the ever-increasing data files, is a must. In this work we present the freely available MPI parallel halo finder AHF. We provide a description of the algorithm and the strategy followed to handle large simulation data. We also describe the parameters a user may choose in order to influence the process of halo finding, as well as pointing out which parameters are crucial to ensure untainted results from the parallel approach. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of AHF to scale to high resolution simulations.
Breaks frequently I love all of the colors I received and being able to choose which band I want to use. The price of the bands was amazing, however, I find that the plastic piece that connects to the Fitbit Alta breaks frequently. Sometimes the band lasts me a couple months and other times I feel like I’m replaceing it every couple weeks.
Forgiveness and Love What do you do when heartache as a 10th grade teenager is thrown into adult life? Plus, what if that heartache was caused by your best friend who you would still do anything for? Anna Lynn was thrown into, by choice, this as her norm. The only thing both can do is seek the truth and let forgiveness heal their hearts. Overall, I did enjoy this book. I really felt sad for Anna. She literally has the heart of gold. Mark is a jerk. It took me most of the book to like him. I could not figure out why Anna continued to put up with him. It did make me wonder if we put up with things for the hope of a better future. Love eventually does prevail but it takes a lot to get there. This book was clean, and I always enjoy a happily-ever-after.
The origin of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Cu L2,3 edge in YBa2Cu3O7/La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO3 superlattices is revealed by performing first-principle electronic structure calculation using fully-relativistic spin-polarized linear muffin-tin orbital and projected augmented plane wave methods. We show that the XMCD spectra at the Cu L2,3 edges are proportional to the difference of the densities of majority- and minority-spin Cu 3z2-1 states. Although the Cu 3z2-1 states lie well below the Fermi level, a small number of majority-spin 3z2-1 holes is created by the Cu 3z2-1 - O p_z - Mn 3z2-1 hybridization across the interface. Even this tiny number of holes is sufficient to produce appreciable Cu L2,3 XMCD. The robustness of this conclusion is verified by studying the influence of doping, atomic relaxation, correlation effects, and antiferromagnetic order in a CuO2 plane on the XMCD spectra.
We have investigated the magnetic and dielectric properties of Ca$_2$CoSi$_2$O$_7$ crystal. The dielectricity and magnetism of Ca$_2$CoSi$_2$O$_7$ are strongly coupled below a canted antiferromagnetic transition temperature ($T_{\rm N}$): Magnetic fields induce electric polarization below $T_{\rm N}$. Interestingly, the magnetic-field-induced electric polarization is detected even without poling electric fields. Below $T_{\rm N}$, a canted antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition is induced by magnetic fields. The large magnetocapacitance is observed around $T_{\rm N}$. The origin of the large magnetocapacitance is due to the magnetic-field-induced the canted antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition.
The adjoint horizontal differential and co-differential operators and a horizontal Laplacian are defined on a Finsler manifold. These operators yield a natural definition for harmonic $p$-forms on a Finsler manifold in the sense that a horizontal p-form is harmonic if and only if the horizontal Laplacian vanishes. This approach permits to define a harmonic vector field on a Finsler manifold in a more natural sense and study its fundamental properties. Finally, a classification of harmonic vector fields based on the curvature tensor is obtained.
Algorithms often have tunable parameters that impact performance metrics such as runtime and solution quality. For many algorithms used in practice, no parameter settings admit meaningful worst-case bounds, so the parameters are made available for the user to tune. Alternatively, parameters may be tuned implicitly within the proof of a worst-case approximation ratio or runtime bound. Worst-case instances, however, may be rare or nonexistent in practice. A growing body of research has demonstrated that data-driven algorithm design can lead to significant improvements in performance. This approach uses a training set of problem instances sampled from an unknown, application-specific distribution and returns a parameter setting with strong average performance on the training set. We provide a broadly applicable theory for deriving generalization guarantees that bound the difference between the algorithm's average performance over the training set and its expected performance. Our results apply no matter how the parameters are tuned, be it via an automated or manual approach. The challenge is that for many types of algorithms, performance is a volatile function of the parameters: slightly perturbing the parameters can cause large changes in behavior. Prior research has proved generalization bounds by employing case-by-case analyses of greedy algorithms, clustering algorithms, integer programming algorithms, and selling mechanisms. We uncover a unifying structure which we use to prove extremely general guarantees, yet we recover the bounds from prior research. Our guarantees apply whenever an algorithm's performance is a piecewise-constant, -linear, or -- more generally -- piecewise-structured function of its parameters. Our theory also implies novel bounds for voting mechanisms and dynamic programming algorithms from computational biology.
The Women (2008) by Diane English is sadly such a waste of talent. With Annette Benning, Candice Bergen, Bette Midler, Cloris Leachman whom I like and enjoy in everything I've seen them, and Meg Ryan, Jada Pinkett Smith, Debra Messing, and Eva Mendes who may not be my favorite actors but are nice to look at, how could the movie be boring, predictable, embarrassing, sloppy, and simply bad? It was made by Diane English who is known as the writer of the very successful TV show Murphy Brown, and it is her first movie for which she wrote a script. The movie has been a labor of love for English who had tried for many years to make it happen and I respect that. I even found the scenes with the supporting players, Bergen, Leechaman, Carry Fisher and Bette Middler in short but memorable cameos, funny, smart, and enjoyable but in general the movie is a second hand "Sex and the City" which was released few months ago. I did not find Sex and the City very good when I saw it but next to The Women, it was simply brilliant. At least, Sex and the City spared us the long and tasteless scene in the hospital's delivery room where one of the characters' was having a baby and her friends were there supporting her. Poor Debra Messing, what did she do to deserve that nightmare she was put through and we, the viewers together with her? The movies like "The Women" give the whole genre, chick flicks, a bad name. It is nothing wrong with the genre, but why is it so difficult to make a really good comedy about female friendships and hardships, about dealing with marriage, motherhood, and proving yourself professionally? These are all very compelling and important subjects any modern woman can relate to. Why making movies with the lines, dialogs, and situations so clichéd, predictable, not funny and insulting that they will be forgotten as soon as the movie is over?<br /><br />After I saw the new movie, I checked out from my local library the original The Women and I truly enjoyed it. The story was told much better 70 years ago, and kept my interest all the way. The old movie had a real star power.
It is well known that interstellar travel is bounded by the finite speed of light, but on very large scales any rocketeer would also need to consider the influence of cosmological expansion on their journey. This paper examines accelerated journeys within the framework of Friedmann- Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universes, illustrating how the duration of a fixed acceleration sharply divides exploration over interstellar and intergalactic distances. Furthermore, we show how the universal expansion increases the difficulty of intergalactic navigation, with small uncertainties in cosmological parameters resulting in significantly large deviations. This paper also shows that, contrary to simplistic ideas, the motion of any rocketeer is indistinguishable from Newtonian gravity if the acceleration is kept small.
We report on the energy-resolved timing and phase-resolved spectral analysis of X-ray emission from PSR J0659+1414 observed with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. We find that the new data rule out the previously suggested model of the phase-dependent spectrum as a three-component (2 blackbodies + power-law) continuum, which shows large residuals between $0.3-0.7$ keV. Fitting neutron star atmosphere models or several blackbodies to the spectrum does not provide a better description of the spectrum, and requires spectral model components with unrealistically large emission region sizes. The fits improve significantly if we add a phase-dependent absorption feature with central energy $0.5-0.6$ keV and equivalent width up to $\approx 50$ eV. We detected the feature for about half of the pulse cycle. Energy-resolved pulse profiles support the description of the spectrum with a three-component continuum and an absorption component. The absorption feature could be interpreted as an electron cyclotron line originating in the pulsar magnetosphere and broadened by the non-uniformity of the magnetic field along the line of sight. The significant phase-variability in the thermal emission from the entire stellar surface may indicate multi-polar magnetic fields and a non-uniform temperature distribution. The strongly pulsed non-thermal spectral component detected with NuSTAR in the $3-20$ keV range is well fit by a power-law model with a photon index $\Gamma=1.5\pm0.2$.
Consensus mechanism is the heart of any blockchain network. Many projects have proposed alternative protocols to improve restricted scalability of Proof of Work originated since Bitcoin. As an improvement of Delegated Proof of Stake, in this paper, we introduce a novel consensus, namely, Delegated Proof of Reputation, which is scalable, secure with an acceptable decentralization. Our innovative idea is replacing pure coinstaking by a reputation ranking system essentially based on ranking theories (PageRank, NCDawareRank and HodgeRank).
Value for the money on electric motors set up 4 teens to be able to adapt to projects. The motors come in a convenient for pack. They are ready for wiring they have enough stuff sticking out on each side of the axle for either Wheels or extensions for longer axles. They are perfect for younger people and adult that need to adapt projects or learn more about constructing around Electronics. The only down part of this it is they are very inexpensive and so they are not as durable as the hobby grade Motors that most of his use on a daily basis
We study a three-dimensional fluid model describing rapidly rotating convection that takes place in tall columnar structures. The purpose of this model is to investigate the cyclonic and anticyclonic coherent structures. Global existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence on initial data, and large-time behavior of strong solutions are shown provided the model is regularized by a weak dissipation term.
I found Super Troopers only mildly amusing at best (seemed like a glorified Police Academy ripoff to me), and I rented this movie in hopes of it being better. It wasn't.<br /><br />The writing is absolutely horrible and the pacing of this film is even worse. It doesn't feel like a whole lot happens in this film, or that it really gives us a reason to give a damn about any of the characters.<br /><br />The actor who plays Felix is totally uninspired, though possibly due in part to the dialogue he had to work with. In short, this movie just went wrong in so many places.<br /><br />I get the impression that since films like Clerks, independent filmmakers seem to think that they can make movies like this with long, rambling scenes of dialogue where characters are trying to be funny. But, where dialogue in Clerks pushes the story forward, in this movie, it hopelessly weighs it down. Films are supposed to have a decent balance of action and dialogue, and as tempting as it is for filmmakers to try to have tons of snappy, funny dialogue, it just doesn't always work. Especially if they're not that good at writing dialogue. I hate to say it, but even "Extreme Heist" was more interesting than this movie- and that movie was so low-budget it was shot on video.
Recent theory has predicted large temperature differences between the in-plane (LA and TA) and out-of-plane (ZA) acoustic phonon baths in locally-heated suspended graphene. To verify these predictions, and their implications for understanding the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of 2D materials, experimental techniques are needed. Here, we present a method to determine the acoustic phonon bath temperatures from the frequency-dependent mechanical response of suspended graphene to a power modulated laser. The mechanical motion reveals two counteracting contributions to the thermal expansion force, that are attributed to fast positive thermal expansion by the in-plane phonons and slower negative thermal expansion by the out-of-plane phonons. The magnitude of the two forces reveals that the in-plane and flexural acoustic phonons are at very different temperatures in the steady-state, with typically observed values of the ratio $\Delta T_{\mathrm{LA+TA}}/\Delta T_{\mathrm{ZA}}$ between 0.2 and 3.7. These deviations from the generally used local thermal equilibrium assumption ($\Delta T_{\mathrm{LA+TA}}=\Delta T_{\mathrm{ZA}}$) can affect the experimental analysis of thermal properties of 2D materials.
Its a nice picnic blanket... for $80.00 This is ok... just ok. The material is awesome, the print nice and the idea is inspired but the execution is poor at best. Forget this being even remotely a functional poncho, the snap together hood is ridiculous and could have been fantastic with just a tiny bit more effort and thought. As it stands, if it rains and you have one of these, just hold it over your head, dont bother trying to sort out the hooded poncho. Its a nice picnic blanket... for $80.00.
One of my dogs likes them, the other won’t touch them One of my dogs likes them, the other won’t touch them... and of course the one that won’t eat them needs the omegas the most. She’s a “blue” and has super itchy sensitive skin. So although my other dog will have a nice shiny coat and healthy skin, it’s pretty much useless for the one that really needs it. ☹️ I would’ve given 2.5 ⭐️ if I could’ve.
Where we live in Northern Ontario there are actually four different school boards* and many schools around the region slated for closure. It's extremely inefficient. Of course these boards all have huge overheads of administration staff, maintenance staff, busing, and half-used buildings and land. Besides the inherent unfairness of it all, there's also the cost! *That's right... French Catholic, English Catholic, French Public, and English Public Of course they all fight tooth and nail against even the idea of sharing facilities, let alone amalgamation.
According to the American Diabetes Association(ADA), 30.3 million people in the United States have diabetes, but only 7.2 million may be undiagnosed and unaware of their condition. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed for most patients later on in life whereas the less common Type 1 diabetes is diagnosed early on in life. People can live healthy and happy lives while living with diabetes, but early detection produces a better overall outcome on most patient's health. Thus, to test the accurate prediction of Type 2 diabetes, we use the patients' information from an electronic health records company called Practice Fusion, which has about 10,000 patient records from 2009 to 2012. This data contains individual key biometrics, including age, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, gender, height, and weight. We use this data on popular machine learning algorithms and for each algorithm, we evaluate the performance of every model based on their classification accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity/recall, negative predictive value, and F1 score. In our study, we find that all algorithms other than Naive Bayes suffered from very low precision. Hence, we take a step further and incorporate all the algorithms into a weighted average or soft voting ensemble model where each algorithm will count towards a majority vote towards the decision outcome of whether a patient has diabetes or not. The accuracy of the Ensemble model on Practice Fusion is 85\%, by far our ensemble approach is new in this space. We firmly believe that the weighted average ensemble model not only performed well in overall metrics but also helped to recover wrong predictions and aid in accurate prediction of Type 2 diabetes. Our accurate novel model can be used as an alert for the patients to seek medical evaluation in time.
Well Jeff - as you know, those appointments were made by Trudeau and handed a stinking pile to John Turner. Trudeau did not like Turner (eg: did not campaign for Turner in the 1984 election) - that is well known and basically sabotaged Turner with these appointments. Turner, did not have the guts to reverse the appointments - leading to Mulroney's famous "You had an option, sir" in the election debates which relegated Turner to also ran status. In other words - those 1984 appointments were not made as "business as usual". They were made with malicious intent and they worked. You're also forgetting that Trudeau did this while handing the Govt to Turner who had just won the Leadership convention. It was done before the 1984 election was called. Harper did his appointment spree AFTER losing an election for FUTURE appointments (after the Liberals took power), not to fill current spots.
We report mid-infrared observations of SGR 1806-20 and its environment - with the highest spatial resolution in this domain to date - using ESO/VISIR in 2005 and 2006, and we retrieved Spitzer/IRAC-MIPS archival data of the same field. We aimed at studying the mid-infrared emission of the stars associated with the same cluster as SGR 1806-20, to detect variations that could be due to the high-energy activity of the magnetar through interaction with the dust. We also aimed at studying the morphology of the cloud close to the centre of the cluster. We performed broadband photometry of three stars - LBV 1806-20, a WC9 and an O/B supergiant - on our VISIR images, as well as on the IRAC data. We then built and fitted their broadband spectral energy distributions with a combination of two absorbed black bodies, representing their stellar components, as well as a possible mid-infrared excess, in order to derive their physical parameters. We show that LBV 1806-20 and the WC9 star exhibit a mid-infrared excess, likely because of the presence of circumstellar dust related to their winds. We also show that only LBV 1806-20 had a variable flux over a period of two years, variability which is due to its LBV nature rather than to a heating of the gas and dust cloud by the high-energy emission of SGR 1806-20. Finally, differences in the intrinsic absorptions of the three stars show an inhomogeneous structure of the density of the gas and dust cloud in the massive star cluster.
Squeaky clean, Simply Amazing This is not my first time buying the bidet, i bought couple in the past and was happy with overall performance of the older bidet but this time i thought i should try something new. We both love our new Bidet only thing is i got splash couple of times from back but after couple of tries we observed that if you scoot all the way back you wont get splash. Installation was easy and we have no leaks.
Great for healing tattoos This is the best cream I have found for new tattoos. I’d originally purchased it after a face peel at a spa. It worked so well I decided to try it on my tattoo instead of the heavy oily aquaphor. My tattoos heal faster and itch a lot less.
Incremental computation has recently been studied using the concepts of change structures and derivatives of programs, where the derivative of a function allows updating the output of the function based on a change to its input. We generalise change structures to change actions, and study their algebraic properties. We develop change actions for common structures in computer science, including directed-complete partial orders and Boolean algebras. We then show how to compute derivatives of fixpoints. This allows us to perform incremental evaluation and maintenance of recursively defined functions with particular application to generalised Datalog programs. Moreover, unlike previous results, our techniques are modular in that they are easy to apply both to variants of Datalog and to other programming languages.
Colloidal gels, where nanoscale particles aggregate into an elastic yet fragile network, are at the heart of materials that combine specific optical, electrical and mechanical properties. Tailoring the viscoelastic features of colloidal gels in real-time thanks to an external stimulus currently appears as a major challenge in the design of "smart" soft materials. Here we introduce "rheo-acoustic" gels, a class of materials that are sensitive to ultrasonic vibrations. By using a combination of rheological and structural characterization, we evidence and quantify a strong softening in three widely different colloidal gels submitted to ultrasonic vibrations (with submicron amplitude and frequency 20-500 kHz). This softening is attributed to micron-sized cracks within the gel network that may or may not fully heal once vibrations are turned off depending on the acoustic intensity. Ultrasonic vibrations are further shown to dramatically decrease the gel yield stress and accelerate shear-induced fluidization. Ultrasound-assisted fluidization dynamics appear to be governed by an effective temperature that depends on the acoustic intensity. Our work opens the way to a full control of elastic and flow properties by ultrasonic vibrations as well as to future theoretical and numerical modeling of such rheo-acoustic gels.
We use official data for all 16 federal German states to study the causal effect of a flat 1000 Euro state-dependent university tuition fee on the enrollment behavior of students during the years 2006-2014. In particular, we show how the variation in the introduction scheme across states and times can be exploited to identify the federal average causal effect of tuition fees by controlling for a large amount of potentially influencing attributes for state heterogeneity. We suggest a stability post-double selection methodology to robustly determine the causal effect across types in the transparently modeled unknown response components. The proposed stability resampling scheme in the two LASSO selection steps efficiently mitigates the risk of model underspecification and thus biased effects when the tuition fee policy decision also depends on relevant variables for the state enrollment rates. Correct inference for the full cross-section state population in the sample requires adequate design -- rather than sampling-based standard errors. With the data-driven model selection and explicit control for spatial cross-effects we detect that tuition fees induce substantial migration effects where the mobility occurs both from fee but also from non-fee states suggesting also a general movement for quality. Overall, we find a significant negative impact of up to 4.5 percentage points of fees on student enrollment. This is in contrast to plain one-step LASSO or previous empirical studies with full fixed effects linear panel regressions which generally underestimate the size and get an only insignificant effect.
Remember the chain-smoking channeler exposed on 60 Minutes a few years ago? This is her. Lots of folks reviewed this movie without checking the bona fides of the filmmakers. The producers have been using phony "word of mouth" promotions very successfully without disclosing the financial and philosophical underpinnings for this piece of marketing tripe. If you believe in channeling, reincarnation, new age dreck and day-old baloney, this film is for you. If you want a discussion of quantum physics or reality, look elsewhere. The purpose of this movie is to convince you that Ramtha isn't a wacko, so you'll give her a bunch of your money. If you can tiptoe through the Ramtha website without howling in disbelief, then maybe you'll think the bucks you dropped on this infomercial for insanity was well spent. <http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=ANSWERMAN>
We present a \MF{terahertz} quantum cascade laser operating on a thermoelectric cooler up to a record-high temperature of 210.5 K. The active region design is based on only two quantum wells and achieves high temperature operation thanks to a systematic optimization by means of a nonequilibrium Green's function model. Laser spectra were measured with a room temperature detector, making the whole setup cryogenic free. At low temperatures ($\sim 40 K), a maximum output power of 200 mW was measured.
Not worth it. I tried to get in contact with the seller. The lamp I received had missing crystals. the seller has not responded once. The lamp had no extra crystals in the box. So the lamp was packaged like that with the missing crystals and they shipped me a lamp that had missing crystals. I eventually gave up. It's not worth it. There are better lamps, from sellers who respond immediately when there is an issue. Lamp looks horrible with the missing crystals.
From the Modularity Theorem proven by Wiles, Taylor, et al, we know that all elliptic curves are modular. It has been shown by Martin and Ono exactly which are represented by eta-quotients, and some examples of elliptic curves represented by modular forms that are linear combinations of eta-quotients have been given by Pathakjee, RosnBrick, and Yoong. In this paper, we first show that eta-quotients which are modular for any congruence subgroup of level $N$ coprime to $6$ can be viewed as modular for $\Gamma_0(N)$. We then categorize when even weight eta-quotients can exist in $M_k (\Gamma_1(p))$ and $M_k (\Gamma_1(pq))$, for distinct primes $p,q$. We conclude by providing some new examples of elliptic curves whose corresponding modular forms can be written as a linear combination of eta-quotients, and describe an algorithmic method for finding additional examples.
We explore two-dimensional sigma models with (0,2) supersymmetry through their chiral algebras. Perturbatively, the chiral algebras of (0,2) models have a rich infinite-dimensional structure described by the cohomology of a sheaf of chiral differential operators. Nonperturbatively, instantons can deform this structure drastically. We show that under some conditions they even annihilate the whole algebra, thereby triggering the spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry. For a certain class of K\"ahler manifolds, this suggests that there are no harmonic spinors on their loop spaces and gives a physical proof of the H\"ohn-Stolz conjecture.
An existing hybrid MPI-OpenMP scheme is augmented with a CUDA-based fine grain parallelization approach for multidimensional distributed Fourier transforms, in a well-characterized pseudospectral fluid turbulence code. Basics of the hybrid scheme are reviewed, and heuristics provided to show a potential benefit of the CUDA implementation. The method draws heavily on the CUDA runtime library to handle memory management, and on the cuFFT library for computing local FFTs. The manner in which the interfaces are constructed to these libraries, and ISO bindings utilized to facilitate platform portability, are discussed. CUDA streams are implemented to overlap data transfer with cuFFT computation. Testing with a baseline solver demonstrates significant aggregate speed-up over the hybrid MPI-OpenMP solver by offloading to GPUs on an NVLink-based test system. While the batch streamed approach provides little benefit with NVLink, we see a performance gain of 30% when tuned for the optimal number of streams on a PCIe-based system. It is found that strong GPU scaling is ideal, or slightly better than ideal, in all cases. In addition to speed-up measurements for the fiducial solver, we also consider several other solvers with different numbers of transform operations and find that aggregate speed-ups are nearly constant for all solvers.
Until now, most members of the Ursa Major (UMa) group of stars have been identified by means of kinematic criteria. However, in many cases kinematic criteria alone are insufficient to ascertain, whether an individual star is really a member of this group. Since photometric criteria are ineffective in the case of cool dwarf members, one must use spectroscopic criteria. Nevertheless, resulting membership criteria are inconclusive. We reanalyse spectroscopic properties of cool UMa group dwarfs. In particular, we study the distribution of iron abundance, the strength of the Li I absorption at 6708 A and the Li abundance, and the infilling of the core of the H alpha line. Twenty-five cool and northern bona-fide members are carefully selected from the literature. Homogeneously measured stellar parameters and iron abundances are given for all Sun-like stars selected, based on spectra of high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, we measure the Li equivalent width and abundance as well as the relative intensity of the H alpha core and the corresponding chromospheric flux. The studied stars infer an average Ursa Major group iron abundance of -0.03+-0.05 dex, which is higher by about 0.06 dex than determined elsewhere. The Li abundance derived of Ursa Major group dwarf stars is higher than in the Hyades at effective temperatures cooler than the Sun, but lower than in the younger Pleiades, a result which is independent of the exact value of the effective temperature adopted. The Sun-like and cooler dwarfs also display chromospheric infilling of the H alpha core. We present spectroscopic criteria that may be used to exclude non-members.
Given an upward directed set $I$ we consider surjective $I$-inverse systems $\{X_\al,f_{\al\be}:X_\be\lra X_\al| \al\leq\be\in I\}$, namely those inverse systems that have all $f_{\al\be}$ surjective. A number of properties of $I$-inverse systems have been investigated; such are the Mittag-Leffler condition, investigated by Grothendieck and flabby and semi-flabby $I$-inverse systems studied by Jensen. We note that flabby implies semi-flabby implies surjective implies Mittag-Leffler. Some of the results about surjective inverse systems have been known for some time. The aim of this note is to give a series of equivalent statements and implications involving surjective inverse systems and the systems satisfying the Mittag-Leffler condition, together with improvements of established results, as well as their relationships with the already known, but scattered facts. The most prominent results relate cardinalities of the index sets with right exactness of the inverse limit functor and the non-vanishing of the inverse limit -- connections related to cohomological dimensions.
We examine the nature and statistical properties of electron-electron collisions in the recollision process in a strong laser field. The separation of the double ionization yield into sequential and nonsequential components leads to a bell-shaped curve for the nonsequential probability and a monotonically rising one for the sequential process. We identify key features of the nonsequential process and connect our findings in a simplified model which reproduces the knee shape for the probability of double ionization with laser intensity and associated trends.
In distributed software-defined networks (SDN), multiple physical SDN controllers, each managing a network domain, are implemented to balance centralized control, scalability and reliability requirements. In such networking paradigm, controllers synchronize with each other to maintain a logically centralized network view. Despite various proposals of distributed SDN controller architectures, most existing works only assume that such logically centralized network view can be achieved with some synchronization designs, but the question of how exactly controllers should synchronize with each other to maximize the benefits of synchronization under the eventual consistency assumptions is largely overlooked. To this end, we formulate the controller synchronization problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and apply reinforcement learning techniques combined with deep neural network to train a smart controller synchronization policy, which we call the Deep-Q (DQ) Scheduler. Evaluation results show that DQ Scheduler outperforms the antientropy algorithm implemented in the ONOS controller by up to 95.2% for inter-domain routing tasks.
Really cool bag and worth the money. The concept of the bag is great. Definitely secure. Better than what I was expecting actually and plenty big. I agree there is a hole the size of a medicine bottle at the top but what are people going to take? Loose change? There is an extra zipper inside to secure small stuff. There is no way someone would be able to pull a Gopro in a waterproof housing out so the hole doesn't matter much. I wouldn't let this bag out of my sight if I can help it because it could be stolen with proper tools but the average public thief is looking for a quick grab and not something he/she has to work for in plain view.
We present a unified general method for the asymptotic study of graphs from the so-called "subcritical"$ $ graph classes, which include the classes of cacti graphs, outerplanar graphs, and series-parallel graphs. This general method works both in the labelled and unlabelled framework. The main results concern the asymptotic enumeration and the limit laws of properties of random graphs chosen from subcritical classes. We show that the number $g_n/n!$ (resp. $g_n$) of labelled (resp. unlabelled) graphs on $n$ vertices from a subcritical graph class ${G}=\cup_n {G_n}$ satisfies asymptotically the universal behaviour $$ g_n = c n^{-5/2} \gamma^n (1+o(1)) $$ for computable constants $c,\gamma$, e.g. $\gamma\approx 9.38527$ for unlabelled series-parallel graphs, and that the number of vertices of degree $k$ ($k$ fixed) in a graph chosen uniformly at random from $G_n$, converges (after rescaling) to a normal law as $n\to\infty$.
Pix Now01/02/2020 1 hour ago Pix Now01/02/2020 2 hours ago PIX NowHere's the latest from the KPIX newsroom. (1-1-20) 7 hours ago Graffiti-Spraying Vandal Desecrates Historically Black Palo Alto ChurchThe pastor of one of the oldest African American churches in the South Bay wants the community to know he's opening his doors to everyone for this Sunday's service after the church was targeted by a vandal over the weekend. Maria Medina reports. (1-1-20) 7 hours ago Oakland Neighborhood Reeling From Starbucks Laptop Theft, HomicideTwo suspects have been arrested in connection with a laptop theft and subsequent vehicular homicide outside the Montclair Starbucks in Oakland on New Year’s Eve. Joe Vazquez reports. (1-1-20) 7 hours ago PIX SPORTS1-1-20 8 hours ago Raw Video: Sonoma County Deputies Hurt in Highway 12 CrashTwo Sonoma County deputies were injured Wednesday evening in a crash on Highway 12 that closed the road for about two hours, according to the California Highway Patrol and the sheriff's office. (1-1-20) 9 hours ago Big Waves Lure Oglers, Surfers CoastsideBig waves hit Bay Area beaches on New Year Day and a high-surf advisory -- issued Wednesday morning -- was in effect until Thursday. Kiet Do reports (1-1-20) 12 hours ago Caught on Camera: Man Swept Off Rocks by Monster WaveA video released by California State Parks shows a man swept from rocks by a wave at Bonny Doon Beach on the Santa Cruz coast last week. Andria Borba reports. (1-1-20) 12 hours ago First Bay Area Baby of 2020 Born in San LeandroIt didn’t take long for the first Bay Area baby to be born in 2020 and it seems he was pretty eager to get here. John Ramos reports. (1-1-20) 12 hours ago Starbucks Laptop Slaying Sets Upscale Oakland Neighborhood on EdgeAlong with the shock and sadness Wednesday, there was frustration among residents and business owners who say property crime has become a day-to-day challenge in Oakland's Montclair neighborhood. Wilson Walker reports. (1-1-20) 12 hours ago Suicide-Prevention Volunteers Assemble at Golden Gate Bridge on New Year DayThe Bridge Walk Angels came to the Golden Gate Bridge on Wednesday to "engage positively with those may have come to the bridge to end their lives." Don Ford reports. (1-1-20) 13 hours ago Wednesday Evening Pinpoint ForecastWednesday night by the bay: partly cloudy with patchy fog overnight. Thursday: sunny in the morning and partly cloudy later in the day. (1-1-20) 13 hours ago Drugs Found During Traffic Stop May Have Sickened San Jose CHP OfficerA San Jose CHP officer was taken to the hospital after being exposed to some kind of drug during a traffic stop, prompting a hazmat investigation Wednesday afternoon. (1-1-2020) 17 hours ago PIX Now1/1/2020 Noon Update 18 hours ago Memorial Set Up For Laptop Theft Victim Killed After Chasing Thieves At Montclair StarbucksThe Starbucks location at Oakland's Montclair neighborhood is closed Wednesday. At the foot of its front door lies one of two memorials for the victim, who was fatally ran over after pursuing the thieves who stole his laptop. Jackie Ward reports. (1-1-2019) 18 hours ago New Year's Eve Fireworks Show 2019 - San FranciscoThe entirety of the 2019 New Year's Eve fireworks display along the Embarcadero in San Francisco on Tuesday evening. Happy New Year! (1-1-2020) 22 hours ago Wednesday Morning Weather Forecast With Mary LeeWe can expect some sunshine for the first few days of 2020, but showers may return on the weekend. (1-1-2020) 23 hours ago San Francisco Crews Begin New Years Cleanup Right When Fireworks EndCleanup crews in San Francisco got right to work after the fireworks show along the Embarcadero on Tuesday evening. Jackie Ward reports. (1-1-2020) 23 hours ago Dedicated Educator Wins Hayward's Teacher Of The Year AwardMia Buljan has spent her whole career teaching in Hayward, yet kids still have a hard time saying her last name. That’s why she prefers to go by “Miss B." As of 2019, she also goes by Teacher of the Year for the Hayward Unified School District. Jackie Ward reports. (12-31-2019) 23 hours ago PIX NOW01/01/2020 1 day ago PIX NOW01/01/2020 1 day ago PIX NOW01/01/2020 1 day ago TONIGHT'S FORECAST: The latest from the KPIX 5 Weather TeamThe latest from the KPIX 5 Weather Team 1 day ago
It is known that the Langevin dynamics used in MCMC is the gradient flow of the KL divergence on the Wasserstein space, which helps convergence analysis and inspires recent particle-based variational inference methods (ParVIs). But no more MCMC dynamics is understood in this way. In this work, by developing novel concepts, we propose a theoretical framework that recognizes a general MCMC dynamics as the fiber-gradient Hamiltonian flow on the Wasserstein space of a fiber-Riemannian Poisson manifold. The "conservation + convergence" structure of the flow gives a clear picture on the behavior of general MCMC dynamics. The framework also enables ParVI simulation of MCMC dynamics, which enriches the ParVI family with more efficient dynamics, and also adapts ParVI advantages to MCMCs. We develop two ParVI methods for a particular MCMC dynamics and demonstrate the benefits in experiments.
Casting aside many of the favorable comments that have obviously come from friends and/or relatives that pepper this and many other low budget independents listed on IMDb, one is lost when it comes to using these reviews as an accurate gauge. So eventually you have to go out and rent the flick just to see for yourself. One of the first things you must understand are the catch phrases that camouflage the reality of the movie. In this case the term "dark psychological thriller." Read: "hack writer/director who thinks he's an auteur, who replaces plot, story, and action, with what he believes is a deep insight into the human soul. His great insight? Festering and repressed childhood traumas emerge to wreck havoc when we become adults. Wow, I bet Freud would be really impressed! Too many would be film makers like Kallio, who were raised on low budget horror flicks of the last few decades, fail to dig their own fresh grave. Instead, they fall into the pre-dug graves of the many other directors that came before them. They are content with rehashing old and tired horror clichés that they borrowed from a dozen or more films. The result is an unoriginal, uninspired, unbelievable waste of film stock.
Terrestrial planets covered globally with thick oceans (termed ocean planets) in the habitable zone were previously inferred to have extremely hot climates in most cases. This is because ${\rm H_2O}$ high-pressure (HP) ice on the seafloor prevents chemical weathering and, thus, removal of atmospheric CO$_2$. Previous studies, however, ignored melting of the HP ice and horizontal variation in heat flux from oceanic crusts. Here we examine whether high heat fluxes near the mid-ocean ridge melts the HP ice and thereby removes atmospheric ${\rm CO_2}$. We develop integrated climate models of an Earth-size ocean planet with plate tectonics for different ocean masses, which include the effects of HP ice melting, seafloor weathering, and the carbonate-silicate geochemical carbon cycle. We find that the heat flux near the mid-ocean ridge is high enough to melt the ice, enabling seafloor weathering. In contrast to the previous theoretical prediction, we show that climates of terrestrial planets with massive oceans lapse into extremely cold ones (or snowball states) with CO$_2$-poor atmospheres. Such extremely cold climates are achieved mainly because the HP ice melting fixes seafloor temperature at the melting temperature, thereby keeping a high weathering flux regardless of surface temperature. We estimate that ocean planets with oceans several tens of the Earth's ocean mass no longer maintain temperate climates. These results suggest that terrestrial planets with extremely cold climates exist even in the habitable zone beyond the solar system, given the frequency of water-rich planets predicted by planet formation theories.
This work is concerned with robust filtering of nonlinear sampled-data systems with and without exact discrete-time models. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) based approach is proposed for the design of robust $H_{\infty}$ observers for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear systems. Two type of systems are considered, Lipschitz nonlinear discrete-time systems and Lipschitz nonlinear sampled-data systems with Euler approximate discrete-time models. Observer convergence when the exact discrete-time model of the system is available is shown. Then, practical convergence of the proposed observer is proved using the Euler approximate discrete-time model. As an additional feature, maximizing the admissible Lipschitz constant, the solution of the proposed LMI optimization problem guaranties robustness against some nonlinear uncertainty. The robust H_infty observer synthesis problem is solved for both cases. The maximum disturbance attenuation level is achieved through LMI optimization. At the end, a path to extending the results to higher-order approximate discretizations is provided.
Software Engineering courses play an important role for preparing students with the right knowledge and attitude for software development in practice. The implication is far reaching, as the quality of the software that we use ultimately depends on the quality of the people that make them. Educating Software Engineering, however, is quite challenging, as the subject is not considered as most exciting by students, while teachers often have to deal with exploding number of students. The EU project IMPRESS seeks to explore the use of gamification in educating software engineering at the university level to improve students' engagement and hence their appreciation for the taught subjects. This paper presents the project, its objectives, and its current progress.
it looked great, until Used as a clear coat to fix my faded headlight issue. After sanding, and spraying the headlight lens, it looked great, until... the second coat when it 'spider-webbed' VERY badly. The can says to wait 5 min. between coats but the paint shop told me you really need to wait at least 20 min. between coats.
We consider continuum one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operators with potentials that are given by a sum of a suitable background potential and an Anderson-type potential whose single-site distribution has a continuous and compactly supported density. We prove exponential decay of the expectation of the finite volume correlators, uniform in any compact energy region, and deduce from this dynamical and spectral localization. The proofs implement a continuum analog of the method Kunz and Souillard developed in 1980 to study discrete one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operators with potentials of the form background plus random.
In [1], Cullen and Feldman proved existence of Lagrangian solutions for the semigeostrophic system in physical variables with initial potential vorticity in $L^p$, $p>1$. Here, we show that a subsequence of the Lagrangian solutions corresponding to a strongly convergent sequence of initial potential vorticities in $L^1$ converges strongly in $L^q$, $q<\infty$, to a Lagrangian solution, in particular extending the existence result of Cullen and Feldman to the case $p=1$. We also present a counterexample for Lagrangian solutions corresponding to a sequence of initial potential vorticities converging in $\mathcal{BM}$. The analytical tools used include techniques from optimal transportation, Ambrosio's results on transport by $BV$ vector fields, and Orlicz spaces. [1] M. Cullen and M. Feldman, {\it Lagrangian solutions of semigeostrophic equations in physical space.} SIAM J. Math. Anal., {\bf 37} (2006), 1371--1395.
In this paper, a novel signature of human action recognition, namely the curvature of a video sequence, is introduced. In this way, the distribution of sequential data is modeled, which enables few-shot learning. Instead of depending on recognizing features within images, our algorithm views actions as sequences on the universal time scale across a whole sequence of images. The video sequence, viewed as a curve in pixel space, is aligned by reparameterization using the arclength of the curve in pixel space. Once such curvatures are obtained, statistical indexes are extracted and fed into a learning-based classifier. Overall, our method is simple but powerful. Preliminary experimental results show that our method is effective and achieves state-of-the-art performance in video-based human action recognition. Moreover, we see latent capacity in transferring this idea into other sequence-based recognition applications such as speech recognition, machine translation, and text generation.
Parts missing. Can't use. Received this as a Christmas gift , BUT just opened it to use today. There are no attachments to connect to the float. I could not use it. Very disappointing as the other folks in my family who received the gift loved it. Would appreciate the attatchments mailed to me, or the machine replaced.
To tackle Named Entity Recognition (NER) tasks, supervised methods need to obtain sufficient cleanly annotated data, which is labor and time consuming. On the contrary, distantly supervised methods acquire automatically annotated data using dictionaries to alleviate this requirement. Unfortunately, dictionaries hinder the effectiveness of distantly supervised methods for NER due to its limited coverage, especially in specific domains. In this paper, we aim at the limitations of the dictionary usage and mention boundary detection. We generalize the distant supervision by extending the dictionary with headword based non-exact matching. We apply a function to better weight the matched entity mentions. We propose a span-level model, which classifies all the possible spans then infers the selected spans with a proposed dynamic programming algorithm. Experiments on all three benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art distantly supervised methods.
Extremely preterm infants commonly require intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation after birth. While the duration of mechanical ventilation should be minimized in order to avoid complications, extubation failure is associated with increases in morbidities and mortality. As part of a prospective observational study aimed at developing an accurate predictor of extubation readiness, Markov and semi-Markov chain models were applied to gain insight into the respiratory patterns of these infants, with more robust time-series modeling using semi-Markov models. This model revealed interesting similarities and differences between newborns who succeeded extubation and those who failed. The parameters of the model were further applied to predict extubation readiness via generative (joint likelihood) and discriminative (support vector machine) approaches. Results showed that up to 84\% of infants who failed extubation could have been accurately identified prior to extubation.
We revisit the Anderson localization problem on Bethe lattices, putting in contact various aspects which have been previously only discussed separately. For the case of connectivity 3 we compute by the cavity method the density of states and the evolution of the mobility edge with disorder. Furthermore, we show that below a certain critical value of the disorder the smallest eigenvalue remains delocalized and separated by all the others (localized) ones by a gap. We also study the evolution of the mobility edge at the center of the band with the connectivity, and discuss the large connectivity limit.
Two dimensional (2D) laminar jet-----a stream of fluid that projected into a surrounding medium with the flow confined in 2D-----has both theoretical and experimental significance. We carried out 2D laminar jet experiments in freely suspended liquid crystal films (FSLCFs) of nanometers thick and centimeters in size, in which individual molecules are confined to single layers thus enable film flows with two degrees of freedom. The experimental observations are found in good agreement with the classic 2D laminar jet theory of ideal cases that assume no external coupling effects, even in fact there exist strong coupling force from the ambient air. We further investigated this air coupling effect in computer simulations, with the results indicated air has little influence on the velocity maps of flow near the nozzle. This astonishing results could be intuitively understood by considering 2D incompressibility of the films. This experiment, together with a series of our previous experiments, show for a wide range of Reynolds number, FSLCFs are excellent testing beds for 2D hydrodynamics.
The bright X-ray transient H 1743-322 was observed daily by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) during most of its 8-month outburst in 2003. We present a detailed spectral analysis and a supporting timing analysis of all of these data, and we discuss the behavior and evolution of the source in terms of the three principal X-ray states defined by Remillard and McClintock. These X-ray results are complemented by Very Large Array (VLA) data obtained at six frequencies that provide quite complete coverage of the entire outburst cycle at 4.860 GHz and 8.460 GHz. We also present photometric data and finding charts for the optical counterpart in both outburst and quiescence. We closely compare H 1743-322 to the well-studied black-hole X-ray transient XTE J1550-564 and find the behaviors of these systems to be very similar. As reported elsewhere, both H 1743-322 and XTE J1550-564 are relativistic jet sources and both exhibit a pair of high-frequency QPO oscillations with a 3:2 frequency ratio. The many striking similarities between these two sources argue strongly that H 1743-322 is a black hole binary, although presently no dynamical data exist to support this conclusion.
Large socio-economic impact of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) extremes motivated numerous attempts at its long range prediction over the past century. However, a rather estimated low potential predictability limit (PPL) of seasonal prediction of the ISM, contributed significantly by 'internal' interannual variability was considered insurmountable. Here we show that the 'internal' variability contributed by the ISM sub-seasonal (synoptic + intra-seasonal) fluctuations, so far considered chaotic, is partly predictable as found to be tied to slowly varying forcing (e.g. El Nino and Southern Oscillation). This provides a scientific basis for predictability of the ISM rainfall beyond the conventional estimates of PPL. We establish a much higher actual limit of predictability (r~0.82) through an extensive re-forecast experiment (1920 years of simulation) by improving two major physics in a global coupled climate model, which raises a hope for a very reliable dynamical seasonal ISM forecasting in the near future.
I would love to leave a 5 start rating I would love to leave a 5 start rating, my grand daughter absolutely loves this. The cup that attaches to the desk is broken, I am currently trying to figure out how to contact for just the cup and not have to send the whole thing back. It is put together and my grand daughter would be so disappointed.
We prove Bitcoin is secure under temporary dishonest majority. We assume the adversary can corrupt a specific fraction of parties and also introduce crash failures, i.e., some honest participants are offline during the execution of the protocol. We demand a majority of honest online participants on expectation. We explore three different models and present the requirements for proving Bitcoin's security in all of them: we first examine a synchronous model, then extend to a bounded delay model and last we consider a synchronous model that allows message losses.
Quantum dots proximity-coupled to superconductors are attractive research platforms due to the intricate interplay between the single-electron nature of the dot and the many body nature of the superconducting state. These have been studied mostly using nanowires and carbon nanotubes, which allow a combination of tunability and proximity. Here we report a new type of quantum dot which allows proximity to a broad range superconducting systems. The dots are realized as embedded defects within semiconducting tunnel barriers in van-der-Waals layers. By placing such layers on top of thin NbSe$_2$, we can probe the Andreev bound state spectra of such dots up to high in-plane magnetic fields without observing effects of a diminishing superconducting gap. As tunnel junctions defined on NbSe$_2$ have a hard gap, we can map the sub-gap spectra without background related to the rest of the junction. We find that the proximitized defect states invariably have a singlet ground state, manifest in the Zeeman splitting of the sub-gap excitation. We also find, in some cases, bound states which converge to zero energy and remain there. We discuss the role of the spin-orbit term, present both in the barrier and the superconductor, in the realization of such topologically trivial zero-energy states.
Antiferromagnetic quantum spin systems can exhibit a transition between collinear and spiral ground states, driven by frustration. Classically this is a smooth crossover and the crossover point is termed a Lifshitz point. Quantum fluctuations change the nature of the transition. In particular it has been argued previously that in the two-dimensional (2D) case a spin liquid (SL) state is developed in the vicinity of the Lifshitz point, termed a Lifshitz SL. In the present work, using a field theory approach, we solve the Lifshitz quantum phase transition problem for the 2D frustrated XY-model. Specifically, we show that, unlike the SU(2) symmetric Lifshitz case, in the XY-model the SL exists only at the critical point. At zero temperature we calculate nonuniversal critical exponents in the Neel and in the spin spiral state and relate these to properties of the SL. We also solve the transition problem at a finite temperature and discuss the role of topological excitations.
"Some forms of Yoga recommend "emptying one's mind. But this recommendation is antithetical to what the Church teaches." What spirituality books [Catholic] have you been reading? Centering Prayer [a valid and approved method of contemplation] highly recommends freeing the mind from distractions and emptying it. Do you even know the difference between meditation and contemplation? In Benedictine spirituality, often beginners are taught to quietly hum one musical note to keep the mind clear.
We present the third installment of HI sources extracted from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA extragalactic survey. This dataset continues the work of the Virgo ALFALFA catalog. The catalogs and spectra published here consist of data obtained during the 2005 and 2006 observing sessions of the survey. The catalog consists of 578 HI detections within the range 11h 36m < R.A.(J2000) < 13h 52m and +08 deg < Dec.(J2000) < +12 deg, and cz_sun < 18000 km/s. The catalog entries are identified with optical counterparts where possible through the examination of digitized optical images. The catalog detections can be classified into three categories: (a) detections of high reliability with S/N > 6.5; (b) high velocity clouds in the Milky Way or its periphery; and (c) signals of lower S/N which coincide spatially with an optical object and known redshift. 75% of the sources are newly published HI detections. Of particular note is a complex of HI clouds projected between M87 and M49 that do not coincide with any optical counterparts. Candidate objects without optical counterparts are few. The median redshift for this sample is 6500 km/s and the cz distribution exhibits the local large scale structure consisting of Virgo and the background void and the A1367-Coma supercluster regime at cz_sun ~7000 km/s. Position corrections for telescope pointing errors are applied to the dataset by comparing ALFALFA continuum centroid with those cataloged in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey. The uncorrected positional accuracy averages 27 arcsec ~(21 arcsec ~median) for all sources with S/N > 6.5 and is of order ~21 arcsec ~(16 arcsec ~median) for signals with S/N > 12. Uncertainties in distances toward the Virgo cluster can affect the calculated HI mass distribution.
Air showers from cosmic rays emit short, intense radio pulses. LOFAR is a new radio telescope, that is being built in the Netherlands and Europe. Designed primarily as a radio interferometer, the core of LOFAR will have a high density of radio antennas, which will be extremely well calibrated. This makes LOFAR a unique tool for the study of the radio properties of single air showers. Triggering on the radio emission from air showers means detecting a short radio pulse and discriminating real events from radio interference. At LOFAR we plan to search for pulses in the digital data stream - either from single antennas or from already beam-formed data - and calculate several parameters characterizing the pulse shape to pick out real events in a second stage. In addition, we will have a small scintillator array to test and confirm the performance of the radio only trigger.
A ballean $\mathcal{B}$ (or a coarse structure) on a set $X$ is a family of subsets of $X$ called balls (or entourages of the diagonal in $X\times X$) defined in such a way that $\mathcal{B}$ can be considered as the asymptotic counterpart of a uniform topological space. The aim of this paper is to study two concrete balleans defined by the ideals in the Boolean algebra of all subsets of $X$ and their hyperballeans, with particular emphasis on their connectedness structure, more specifically the number of their connected components.
We study the near horizon geometry of extremal black holes in five dimensional gauged supergravity using Sen's entropy function formalism. Special attention is paid to the large black hole limit where the near horizon solution exhibits a universal dependence on the rotation. The physical properties of the large black hole solution are shown to agree with predictions from fluid mechanical description of the dual conformal field theory.
Let $(A,\m)$ be a Noetherian local ring, let $M$ be a finitely generated \CM $A$-module of dimension $r \geq 2$ and let $I$ be an ideal of definition for $M$. Set $L^I(M) = \bigoplus_{n\geq 0}M/I^{n+1}M$. In part one of this paper we showed that $L^I(M)$ is a module over $\R$, the Rees algebra of $I$ and we gave many applications of $L^I(M)$ to study the associated graded module, $G_I(M)$. In this paper we give many further applications of our technique; most notable is a reformulation of a classical result due to Narita in terms of the Ratliff-Rush filtration. This reformulation can be extended to all dimensions $\geq 2$.
Anticipating possible behaviors of traffic participants is an essential capability of autonomous vehicles. Many behavior detection and maneuver recognition methods only have a very limited prediction horizon that leaves inadequate time and space for planning. To avoid unsatisfactory reactive decisions, it is essential to count long-term future rewards in planning, which requires extending the prediction horizon. In this paper, we uncover that clues to vehicle behaviors over an extended horizon can be found in vehicle interaction, which makes it possible to anticipate the likelihood of a certain behavior, even in the absence of any clear maneuver pattern. We adopt a recurrent neural network (RNN) for observation encoding, and based on that, we propose a novel vehicle behavior interaction network (VBIN) to capture the vehicle interaction from the hidden states and connection feature of each interaction pair. The output of our method is a probabilistic likelihood of multiple behavior classes, which matches the multimodal and uncertain nature of the distant future. A systematic comparison of our method against two state-of-the-art methods and another two baseline methods on a publicly available real highway dataset is provided, showing that our method has superior accuracy and advanced capability for interaction modeling.
Short gamma-ray bursts result from mergers of two neutron stars or from collapsars, but probably at a smaller rate. In the first case, a kilonova occurs while in the second case a Type Ic supernova is expected. } {Even if future observations of kilonovae in association with gravitational wave events provide better data, detecting a kilonova during an afterglow follow-up would remain useful for exploring the diversity of the kilonova phenomenon. As supernovae produce a weaker gravitational signal, afterglow follow-up will be the only possible method to find one. In this work, we identify the conditions of the burst energy, external density, kilonova mass, supernova luminosity, that are necessary for the detection of a kilonova or supernova in the follow-up of short GRB afterglows.} {We have used a simple kilonova model to obtain the peak luminosities and times as a function of mass, expansion velocity and ejected matter opacity. Afterglow light curves are computed for a uniform medium and a stellar wind, in the kilonova and supernova cases, respectively.} {We represent, using diagrams of the burst kinetic energy vs. density of the external medium, the domains where the kilonova or supernova at maximum is brighter than the afterglow. %\LEt{Please check I have retained your intended meaning -> It's OK
Timing of shipping isn't good The product is very good - this is the second one I have bought. The problem is Amazon's sloppy attitude toward shipping. The order for this item was followed 2 days later by an order to Amazon's biggest competitor (name starting with a "W"). W delivered their order 2 days BEFORE Amazon did - that's a net of 4 days better performance! Amazon is obviously getting ready to dump their delivery in 2 days promise for Prime members.
Ticket assignment/dispatch is a crucial part of service delivery business with lot of scope for automation and optimization. In this paper, we present an end-to-end automated helpdesk email ticket assignment system, which is also offered as a service. The objective of the system is to determine the nature of the problem mentioned in an incoming email ticket and then automatically dispatch it to an appropriate resolver group (or team) for resolution. The proposed system uses an ensemble classifier augmented with a configurable rule engine. While design of classifier that is accurate is one of the main challenges, we also need to address the need of designing a system that is robust and adaptive to changing business needs. We discuss some of the main design challenges associated with email ticket assignment automation and how we solve them. The design decisions for our system are driven by high accuracy, coverage, business continuity, scalability and optimal usage of computational resources. Our system has been deployed in production of three major service providers and currently assigning over 40,000 emails per month, on an average, with an accuracy close to 90% and covering at least 90% of email tickets. This translates to achieving human-level accuracy and results in a net saving of about 23000 man-hours of effort per annum.
It's okay I agree that the frame and back of the frame seem a bit cheaply made, the glass on the front is also, not glass more of a plastic, which I personally did not mind bc the frame will be going into my 5 year olds room. However the frame did not come with holders to put hang it on the wall, and the back stand thing broke with little tug. Thank god I'll be hanging it. you get what you pay for. It's okay for the price I guess. I did paint it white which made it look better to me.
What is it about Liberal supporters who hate Mulroney and Conservatives that compel you to constantly lie, dissemble and exaggerate so obviously and embarrassingly? True, it is a Liberal political tradition but why not leave it to the actual Liberal politicians who are so good at it? Joe Clark was born into a comfortable middle class family who for many years ran a weekly newspaper in the small Alberta town city of High River. But anyone with half a clue would know that running a little weekly newspaper in a town of 12,000 is hardly the ticket to riches and silver spoons. As to The Clark Mansion, there is no Clark Mansion. There is a Clark Residence which is quite large (you can google the pictures of it) but hardly a mansion. It is an historic site but only because it was the residence of three generations of Clark newspaper publishers. Please make some effort to be more truthful. If you ever do, some of us will take you seriously enough to respond to some of your posts.
Glad to see an arrest. But let me get this straight. After a year producing nothing, someone outside the department provided info to detectives leading to the arrest. "Up until Saturday...the suspect was unknown." Glad the detectives were there to answer the phone. I'm happy as well that justice seems to e coming for these two deaths. I only hope that this same "patience" in policing will be shared with KPD patrol officers for them to likewise use their "training" and intelligence to give sufficient time for things to work out appropriately instead of escalating common street crime to a quick conclusion using gun violence to enforce laws, resulting in preventable deaths.
I went to Crooked Earth to see a piece of New Zealand. What I found was a badly scripted and badly acted echo of the people I know.<br /><br />Great moments between characters – including many of Temuera Morrison and Lawrences Makoares scenes together – were often ruined by long and wordy monologues that the actors were forced to stumble through. Beautiful and ill-fitting phrases rattled away from Lawrence in particular as if he were the new Maori Messiah at his pulpit of beer crates.<br /><br />When watching any film with Maori actors, I've found that I can always pick a half dozen characters that remind me of someone in my life. With Crooked Earth I struggled to find one key character that rung true for the entire two hours. Most – including Wiremu and Peka – wound up saying or doing things that I didn't understand and couldn't connect with. By the end of the movie the writer had succeeded in alienating the audience where the Maori weren't able to relate to it and the Pakeha were therefore given license to dismiss it. My feeling is that the movies message – or at least the main one of several that was being lobbed at the audience – is important enough to avoid using character extremities. Unfortunately, no one who read the script before it was filmed thought to pass this piece of advice on.<br /><br />The soundtrack was invasive, and, as irritating as that horrible `bing-bong' noise that they laced through `Eyes Wide Shut'. The audience was not so subtly auto-cued to laugh, cry or be angry when the music changed. It reminded me of Darth Vader's entrance music in Star Wars: obvious and mildly amusing.<br /><br />I think that there are some people out there that might enjoy this film. It's funny in parts, has a fair amount of action and has some really powerful scenes. Calvin Tuteao and Quentin Hita did bang up jobs as well. As a whole though, I didn't enjoy the experience as much as I know I should have. Barb Wire, Speed 2, The Island of Dr Moreau and Crooked Earth look like they're going to be Tem's quartet of crap.
Plot Synopsis: Los Angeles in the future. Crime is kept under control by Core Trackers, android assassins dispatched by the United States Computerized Judicial System to execute the guilty. Secret Service agent Eric Phillips prevents an attack on his boss, Senator Robert Dilly (the man who set up the USCJS), by the Union for Human Rights, a group of anti-machine activists. Dilly attempts to initiate Phillips into his private circle but the SS agent goes on the run after witnessing Dilly murder a UHR agent in cold blood. Dilly sends Core Trackers after him. Phillips joins the UHR group & helps them uncover a conspiracy involving Dilly.<br /><br />"Cyber Tracker" is the first of a number of sci-fi / action hybrids directed by Richard Pepin, co-founder of PM Entertainment, a powerhouse of action films during the 1990s. Other Pepin films include "Hologram Man", "T-Force", "The Silencers" & "Dark Breed". Pepin films typically start with a major action sequence which lasts about 10 minutes before allowing the plot to kick in. The script for this film has a few plot holes – it is never clear what the conspiracy the heroes are trying to stop actually is. As for the acting, Don "The Dragon" Wilson may be tough but cannot act for beans, with little charisma. His co-stars are a lot better. The film's best bet are the action scenes, which throw up some impressive artillery fire, a huge bodycount & not one but three moments where a vehicle flies through the air, flips & hits the ground, exploding. The visual effects border on the cheap side & the musical score is low-key & shrill.
Lovely Lamps These lamps are the perfect size for a small corner. I placed them on either side of my dresser. They are bright even without turning them on. I have yet to get the bulbs for them. Can't wait to see how they light up my antique bureau. Very please with them.
This paper reports main results of the phase noise comparison that has been performed between october 2005 and december 2006, using two oscillators at 5 and 100 MHz and un DRO at 3.5 GHz. The problem is not to compare the performances of several oscillators, but to compare and to make an evaluation of the uncertainties, and of course the resolution and the reproducibility of the measurements. This comparison allow us to determine the ability to get various systems traceable together in order to increase the trust that one can have in phase noise measurements.
Recent advances in structural control during the synthesis of SWCNTs have in common the use of bimetallic nanoparticles as catalysts, despite the fact that their exact role is not fully understood. We therefore analyze the effect of the catalyst' s chemical composition on the structure of the resulting SWCNTs by comparing three bimetallic catalysts (FeRu, CoRu and NiRu). A specific synthesis protocol is designed to impede the catalyst nanoparticle coalescence mechanisms and stabilize their diameter distributions throughout the growth. Owing to the ruthenium component which has a limited carbon solubility, tubes grow in tangential mode and their diameter is close to that of their seeding nanoparticle. By using as-synthesized SWCNTs as a channel material in field effect transistors, we show how the chemical composition of the catalysts and temperature can be used as parameters to tune the diameter distribution and semiconducting-to-metallic ratio of SWCNT samples. Finally, a phenomenological model, based on the dependence of the carbon solubility as a function of catalyst nanoparticle size and nature of the alloying elements, is proposed to interpret the results.
Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding is an efficient scheme that may significantly enhance the communication link. However, this enhancement comes with a cost. Many precoding schemes require channel knowledge at the transmitter that is obtained through feedback from the receiver. Focusing on the natural common fusion of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and MIMO, we exploit the channel correlation in the frequency and spatial domain to reduce the required feedback rate in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system. The proposed feedback method is based on Huffman coding and is employed here for the single stream case. The method leads to a significant reduction in the required feedback rate, without any loss in performance. The proposed method may be extended to the multi-stream case.
We study the existence of a spin-glass phase in a field using Monte Carlo simulations performed along a nontrivial path in the field--temperature plane that must cross any putative de Almeida-Thouless instability line. The method is first tested on the Ising spin glass on a Bethe lattice where the instability line separating the spin glass from the paramagnetic state is also computed analytically. While the instability line is reproduced by our simulations on the mean-field Bethe lattice, no such instability line can be found numerically for the short-range three-dimensional model.
This is one of the greatest sports movies ever made by Hollywood. What a wonderful story about one of the great sports figures of American history. What makes the story of James J. Corbett especially interesting is that Mr. Corbett introduced the style of boxing that continues to this day. In that respect James J. Corbett was truly innovated. But getting back to the movie, all the performances were excellent. Alexis Smith was beautiful. Indeed, she looked like Nicole Kidman. And although it's a period piece, the story withstands the test of time; it has not gone stale. Ward Bond's portrayal of John L. Sullivan has to be one of the great portrayals of an actual sports figure in the history of movies and the boxing scenes are realistic, well-staged and highly effective. That coupled with a great script makes this movie a must.
In this talk I shall start by describing how we set about and carried out the work which led to the publication of B2FH in 1957. I then shall try and relate this work and the circumstances that surrounded it to the larger problem of the origin and formation of the universe. Here it is necessary to look back at the way that ideas developed and how in many situations astronomers went astray. Of course this is a personal view, though I very strongly believe that if he were still here, it is the approach that Fred Hoyle would take. I start by describing the problems originally encountered by Gamow and his associates in trying to decide where the helium was made. This leads me to a modern discussion of the origin of 2D, 3He, 4He and 7Li, originally described by B2FH as due to the x-process. While it is generally argued, following Gamow, Alpher, and Herman, that these isotopes were synthesized in a big bang I shall show that it is equally likely that these isotopes were made in active galactic nuclei, as was the cosmic microwave background (CMB), in a cyclic universe model. The key piece of observational evidence is that the amount of energy carried by the CMB, namely about 4.5 x 10-13 erg cm-3
Demboski smells a lawsuit or a recall coming her way. Demboski is a boldface liar about her divorce from her first husband and who the father was of her first child. Demboski applied for Medicaid and public assistance in-between husbands and now attempts to deny Medicaid to low-income or homeless people. Demboski tried to lie about Mayor Berkowitz supporting incest during her pathetic campaign. I for one don't believe a word Demboski spews out of her rabid mouth. Recall Demboski and be done with it. Public service isn't her calling.
Evidence for the triggering of earthquakes by tides has been largely lacking for the continents but detectable in the oceans where the tides are larger. By far the strongest tidal triggering signals are in volcanic areas of mid-ocean ridges. These areas offer the most promise for the study of this process, but even the most basic mechanism of tidal triggering at the ridges has been elusive. The triggering occurs at low tides, but as the earthquakes are of the normal faulting type, low tides should inhibit rather than encourage faulting. Here, treating the most well documented case, Axial Volcano on the Juan de Fuca ridge, we show that the axial magma chamber inflates or deflates in response to tidal stresses and produces Coulomb stresses on normal faults opposite in sign to those produced by the tidal stresses. If the bulk modulus of the magma chamber is below a critical value, the magma chamber Coulomb stresses will exceed the tidal ones and the phase of tidal triggering will be inverted. The stress dependence of seismicity rate agrees with triggering theory with unprecedented faithfulness, showing that there is no triggering threshold.
We consider the fractional Klein-Gordon equation in one spatial dimension, subjected to a damping coefficient, which is non-trivial and periodic, or more generally strictly positive on a periodic set. We show that the energy of the solution decays at the polynomial rate $O(t^{-\frac{s}{4-2s}})$ for $0< s<2 $ and at some exponential rate when $s\geq 2$. Our approach is based on the asymptotic theory of $C_0$ semigroups in which one can relate the decay rate of the energy in terms of the resolvent growth of the semigroup generator. The main technical result is a new observability estimate for the fractional Laplacian, which may be of independent interest.
Recently a new type of Kramers-Fokker-Planck Equation has been proposed [R. Friedrich et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 96}, 230601 (2006)] describing anomalous diffusion in external potentials. In the present paper the explicit cases of a harmonic potential and a velocity-dependend damping are incorporated. Exact relations for moments for these cases are presented and the asymptotic behaviour for long times is discussed. Interestingly the bounding potential and the additional damping by itself lead to a subdiffussive behaviour, while acting together the particle becomes localized for long times.
The nuclear symmetry energy is a fundamental quantity important for studying the structure of systems as diverse as the atomic nucleus and the neutron star. Considerable efforts are being made to experimentally extract the symmetry energy and its dependence on nuclear density and temperature. In this article, we review experimental studies carried out up-to-date and their current status.
We investigate the effect of strange quark degrees of freedom on the formation of inhomogeneous chiral condensates in a three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model in mean-field approximation. A Ginzburg-Landau study complemented by a stability analysis allow us to determine in a general way the location of the critical and Lifshitz points, together with the phase boundary where the (partially) chirally restored phase becomes unstable against developing inhomogeneities, without resorting to specific assumptions on the shape of the chiral condensate. We discuss the resulting phase structure and study the influence of the bare strange-quark mass $m_s$ and the axial anomaly on the size and location of the inhomogeneous phase compared to the first-order transition associated with homogeneous matter. We find that, as a consequence of the axial anomaly, critical and Lifshitz point split. For realistic strange-quark masses the effect is however very small and becomes sizeable only for small values of $m_s$.
The current state of research on high-energy heavy ion physics, including its motivations and purpose is reviewed from a theorist's perspective. Possible future directions are discussed, in particular the possibility of investigating the regime of small transverse momenta in more detail and an improved interplay between experiments and dedicated theory development.
This paper considers a class of deploy and search strategies for multi-robot systems and evaluates their performance. The application framework used is a system of autonomous mobile robots equipped with required sensors and communication equipment deployed in a search space to gather information. The lack of information about the search space is modeled as an uncertainty density distribution over the search space. A {\em combined deploy and search} (CDS) strategy has been formulated as a modification to {\em sequential deploy and search} (SDS) strategy presented in our previous work. The optimal deployment strategy using Voronoi partition forms the basis for these two search strategies. The strategies are analyzed in presence of constraints on robot speed and limit on sensor range for convergence of trajectories with corresponding control laws responsible for the motion of robots. SDS and CDS strategies are compared with standard greedy and random search strategies on the basis of time taken to achieve reduction in the uncertainty density below a desired level. The simulation experiments reveal several important issues related to the dependence of the relative performances of the strategies on parameters such as number of robots, speed of robots, and their sensor range limits.
Gaia will provide parallaxes and proper motions with accuracy ranging from 10 to 1000 microarcsecond on up to one billion stars. Most of these will be disk stars: for an unreddened K giant at 6 kpc, it will measure the distance accurate to 15% and the transverse velocity to an accuracy of about 1 km/s. Gaia will observe tracers of Galactic structure across the whole HR diagram, including Cepheids, RR Lyrae, white dwarfs, F dwarfs and HB stars. Onboard low resolution spectrophotometry will permit -- in addition to a Teff estimate -- dwarf/giant discrimination, metallicity measurement and extinction determination. For the first time, then, Gaia will provide us with a 3D spatial/properties map and at least a 2D velocity map of these tracers (RVs will be obtained too for brighter stars.) This will be a goldmine of information from which to learn about the origin and evolution of the Galactic disk. I briefly review the Gaia mission, and then show how the expected astrometric accuracies translate into distance and velocity accuracies and statistics. I examine the impact Gaia should have on a few scientific areas relevant to the Galactic disk. I discuss how a better determination of the spiral arm locations and pattern speed, plus a better reconstruction of the Sun's orbit over the past billion years (from integration through the Gaia-measured gravitational potential) will allow us to assess the possible role of spiral arm crossings in ice ages and mass extinctions on the Earth.
The bars are very easily bendable which could possible lead to breaking I do not care for this, the bulb burned out as soon as I pluged it in. The bars are very easily bendable which could possible lead to breaking. Cool idea but could rethink the basket that holds the rocks and would most likely be a great product.
We study the spectral aspects of the graph limit theory. We give a description of graphon convergence in terms of converegnce of eigenvalues and eigenspaces. Along these lines we prove a spectral version of the strong regularity lemma. Using spectral methods we investigate group actions on graphons. As an application we show that the set of isometry invariant graphons on the sphere is closed in terms of graph convergence however the analogous statement does not hold for the circle. This fact is rooted in the representation theory of the orthogonal group.
AgInSe2 nanorods (NRs) with diameter of 15 nm have been investigated for their nonlinear optical responses by using Z-scan and transient absorption techniques with femtosecond laser pulses of photon energy greater than the bandgap. At excitation irradiance of 20 GW/cm2, AgInSe2 NRs reveal saturation in the nonlinear absorption and optical Kerr nonlinearity with a recovery time determined to be a few ten picoseconds. Such large saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity exhibit a third-order susceptibility of 1.2 x 10-8 esu and a figure of merit of 0.04 esu.cm.s-1, making AgInSe2 NRs a promising candidate for saturable absorption devices.
We present a priori and superconvergence error estimates of mixed finite element methods for the pseudostress-velocity formulation of the Oseen equation. In particular, we derive superconvergence estimates for the velocity and a priori error estimates under unstructured grids, and obtain superconvergence results for the pseudostress under certain structured grids. A variety of numerical experiments validate the theoretical results and illustrate the effectiveness of the superconvergent recovery-based adaptive mesh refinement. It is also numerically shown that the proposed postprocessing yields apparent superconvergence in a benchmark problem for the incompressible Navier--Stokes equation.
We describe 'staq', a full-stack quantum processing toolkit written in standard C++. 'staq' is a quantum compiler toolkit, comprising of tools that range from quantum optimizers and translators to physical mappers for quantum devices with restricted connectives. The design of 'staq' is inspired from the UNIX philosophy of "less is more", i.e. 'staq' achieves complex functionality via combining (piping) small tools, each of which performs a single task using the most advanced current state-of-the-art methods. We also provide a set of illustrative benchmarks.
The purpose of this work is to survey what is known about the linear independence of spikes and sines. The paper provides new results for the case where the locations of the spikes and the frequencies of the sines are chosen at random. This problem is equivalent to studying the spectral norm of a random submatrix drawn from the discrete Fourier transform matrix. The proof involves depends on an extrapolation argument of Bourgain and Tzafriri.
When we use video chat, video game, or other video applications, motion-blurred hands often appear. Accurately extracting these hands is very useful for video editing and behavior analysis. However, existing motion-blurred object extraction methods either need user interactions, such as user supplied trimaps and scribbles, or need additional information, such as background images. In this paper, a novel method which can automatically extract the semi-transparent motion-blurred hand just according to the original RGB image is proposed. The proposed method separates the extraction task into two subtasks: alpha matte prediction and foreground prediction. These two subtasks are implemented by Xception based encoder-decoder networks. The extracted motion-blurred hand images can be calculated by multiplying the predicted alpha mattes and foreground images. Experiments on synthetic and real datasets show that the proposed method has promising performance.
This movie had an excellent premise, and could have been a fascinating look at racism, attitudes to women at work and male female relations in England early last century. However, it simply turned into a soppy love story. But what was worse, is that the love story was totally unbelievable. The acting was for the most part poor, the direction confusing, but most of all the screenplay and the story were non-existent. The only thing I liked about the film was how dark it must have been before electric lighting. I really got a sense of just how little light one candle puts out.
Multimaterial heat diffusion can be a challenging numerical problem when the material boundaries are misaligned with the numerical grid. Even when the boundaries start out aligned, they typically become misaligned through hydrodynamic motion. There are usually a number of methods for handling multimaterial cells in any given hydro code. One of the simplest methods is to replace the multimaterial cell by an average single-material cell whose heat capacity and conductivity are averages over the constituent materials. One can further refine this model by using either the arithmetic or harmonic averages, thereby providing two distinct (albeit naive) multimaterial models for the arithmetic and harmonic averages. More sophisticated models typically involve a surrogate mesh of some kind, as with the thin mesh and static condensation methods. In this paper, we perform rigorous code verification of the multiphysics hydrocode FLAG, including grid resolution studies. We employ a number of newly constructed 2D heat flow solutions that generalize the standard {\em planar sandwich} solution, and this paper offers a smorgasbord of exact solutions for heat flow verification. To perform the analyses and to produce the corresponding convergence plots, we employ the code verification tool ExactPack.