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task596_mocha_question_generation
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task596-6e2c9c81140a49a8b48f22bce4d74901
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In this task, you're given a context passage. Your job is to generate relevant questions that can be answered by directly referring to the passage.
Ash cannot function and be productive without having breakfast.
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What will Ash want to do next?
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task141_odd-man-out_classification_category
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task141-778cfce857d3454bb68a72fb76067105
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Given a category and a set of five words, find the word from the set that does not belong (i.e. is the least relevant) with the other words in the category. Words are separated by commas.
Category: boats
Words: bridge, bow, chips, gunwale, deck
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chips
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task515_senteval_odd_word_out
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task515-2c95f9ef2d3d4c458bbf45d790b8883b
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In this task, you are given a sentence. You must judge whether a single noun or verb has been replaced with another word with the same part of speech. The inversion would result in the sentence sounding unnatural, So unnatural sentences will be considered changed. Label the instances as "Original" or "Changed" based on your judgment.
Sandals or not , she had better put a move on , hustle , put the intellect to the metal , get the lead out .
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Changed
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task279_stereoset_classification_stereotype
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task279-efe4760e62ca4a2d97a04c7722f561b5
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In this task, you are given a short passage that may convey stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated. A stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against a common stereotype. The passage is unrelated if it does not convey a stereotype or anti-stereotype. You are expected to classify the passage into three classes: stereotype, anti-stereotype, and unrelated.
Passage: Jordan is where the child is from. The shortcake is ready.
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Unrelated
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task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
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task405-b26f241d44f049178936f1ce31d58b08
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You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning.
In Krak w during World War II, the Germans had forced local Polish Jews into the overcrowded Krak w Ghetto. Oskar Schindler, an ethnic German, arrives in the city hoping to make his fortune. A member of the Nazi Party, Schindler lavishes bribes on Wehrmacht (German armed forces) and SS officials and acquires a factory to produce enamelware. To help him run the business, Schindler enlists the aid of Itzhak Stern, a local Jewish official who has contacts with black marketeers and the Jewish business community. Stern helps Schindler arrange financing for the factory. Schindler maintains friendly relations with the Nazis and enjoys wealth and status as "Herr Direktor", and Stern handles administration. Schindler hires Jewish workers because they cost less, while Stern ensures that as many people as possible are deemed essential to the German war effort, which saves them from being transported to concentration camps or killed.
SS-Untersturmf hrer (second lieutenant) Amon G th arrives in Krak w to oversee construction of P asz w concentration camp. When the camp is completed, he orders the ghetto liquidated. Many people are shot and killed in the process of emptying the ghetto. Schindler witnesses the massacre and is profoundly affected. He particularly notices a tiny girl in a red coat one of the few splashes of color in the black-and-white film as she hides from the Nazis, and later sees her body (identifiable by the red coat) among those on a wagon load of corpses. Schindler is careful to maintain his friendship with G th and, through bribery and lavish gifts, continues to enjoy SS support. G th brutally mistreats his maid and randomly shoots people from the balcony of his villa, and the prisoners are in constant fear for their lives. As time passes, Schindler's focus shifts from making money to trying to save as many lives as possible. To better protect his workers, Schindler bribes G th into allowing him to build a sub-camp.
As the Germans begin to lose the war, G th is ordered to ship the remaining Jews at P asz w to Auschwitz concentration camp. Schindler asks G th to allow him to move his workers to a new munitions factory he plans to build in his home town of Zwittau-Brinnlitz. G th agrees, but charges a huge bribe. Schindler and Stern create "Schindler's List" a list of people to be transferred to Brinnlitz and thus saved from transport to Auschwitz.
The train carrying the women and children is accidentally redirected to Auschwitz-Birkenau; Schindler bribes Rudolf H ss, the commandant of Auschwitz, with a bag of diamonds to win their release. At the new factory, Schindler forbids the SS guards to enter the production rooms and encourages the Jews to observe the Jewish Sabbath. He spends much of his fortune bribing Nazi officials and buying shell casings from other companies; his factory does not produce any usable armaments during its seven months of operation. Schindler runs out of money in 1945, just as Germany surrenders, ending the war in Europe.
As a Nazi Party member and war profiteer, Schindler must flee the advancing Red Army to avoid capture. The SS guards in Schindler's factory have been ordered to kill the Jews, but Schindler persuades them not to, so that they can "return to their families as men, instead of murderers." He bids farewell to his workers and prepares to head west, hoping to surrender to the Americans. The workers give Schindler a signed statement attesting to his role saving Jewish lives, together with a ring engraved with a Talmudic quotation: "Whoever saves one life saves the world entire." Schindler is touched but is also deeply ashamed, as he feels he should have done even more. As the Schindlerjuden (Schindler Jews) wake up the next morning, a Soviet soldier announces that they have been liberated. The Jews leave the factory and walk to a nearby town.
Following scenes depicting G th's execution after the war and a summary of Schindler's later life, the black-and-white frame changes to a color shot of actual Schindlerjuden at Schindler's grave in Jerusalem. Accompanied by the actors who portrayed them, the Schindlerjuden place stones on the grave. In the final shot, Neeson places a pair of roses on the grave.
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To avoid capture, who must Schindler flee?
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task074_squad1.1_question_generation
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task074-f24b0ba3fed64fb29891d4aa9f09236a
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This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
The city is represented in the National Football League by the New York Giants and the New York Jets, although both teams play their home games at MetLife Stadium in nearby East Rutherford, New Jersey, which hosted Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014.
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In what year did a Super Bowl occur at MetLife Stadium?
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task183_rhyme_generation
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task183-730b15057a904d868013e0a15bc80320
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Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No"
them
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swem
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task755_find_longest_substring_and_replace_its_sorted_lowercase_version_in_both_lists
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task755-ab26aef3269148319e0c7331ab01dd3e
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In this task, you are given two strings A,B. You must perform the following operations to generate the required output list: (i) Find the longest common substring in the strings A and B, (ii) Convert this substring to all lowercase and sort it alphabetically, (iii) Replace the substring at its respective positions in the two lists with the updated substring.
qWzVYKdOkSgCzLJJRXWajoGNaGICKhLOQDFIVeb, qoavzVYKdOkSgCzLJJRXWajoQjabVtDsMLcdCZaAiJB
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qWacdgjjjkkloorsvwxyzzGNaGICKhLOQDFIVeb, qoavacdgjjjkkloorsvwxyzzQjabVtDsMLcdCZaAiJB
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task280_stereoset_classification_stereotype_type
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task280-83e0f2599fb94465892f091b150c474f
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In this task, you are given a short passage that conveys stereotype or anti-stereotype about a specific target. A stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against a common stereotype. You are expected to classify the passage into four types of stereotype or anti-stereotype: gender, profession, race, and religion.
Passage: The white football player scored another goal for his team.
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Profession
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task1602_webquestion_question_genreation
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task1602-f630680c0e864c1380ec851ece996734
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You are given a concept, and a list of answers. You should generate a question about the concept that leads to the given answer(s).
concept: North America answers: ['Northern Hemisphere', 'Western Hemisphere', 'Americas']
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what region of the world is north america in?
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task1207_atomic_classification_atlocation
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task1207-e1632ba9890e4022b45802098b362def
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In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head is located or can be found at/in/on the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Head: PersonX acknowledges with gratitude the ___<sep>Tail: to check up on PersonX
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No
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task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
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task847-472885579c604c26b26aa503f1d926e5
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Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Identification of cancer or inflammatory bowel disease in the intestinal tract by PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging can be hampered by physiological uptake of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) in the normal colon. Previous work has localized this F-FDG uptake to the intestinal lumen, predominantly occupied by bacteria. We sought to determine whether pretreatment with an antibiotic could reduce F-FDG uptake in the healthy colon.', 'Thirty patients undergoing restaging PET/CT for nongastrointestinal lymphoma were randomly selected to receive rifaximin 550 mg twice daily for 2 days before their scan (post-rifaximin). Their PET/CT images were compared with those from their prior study (pre-rifaximin). Cecal maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and overall colonic F-FDG uptake were compared between scans. All PET/CT images were blindly scored by a radiologist. The same comparison of sequential scans was also undertaken in 30 patients who did not receive antibiotics.', "Thirty post-rifaximin scans were compared with 30 pre-rifaximin scans in the same patients. SUVmax in the cecum was significantly lower in the patient's post-rifaximin scans than in their pre-rifaximin scans (P=0.002). The percentage of scans with greater than grade 1 colonic F-FDG uptake was significantly lower in the post-rifaximin scans than in the pre-rifaximin scans (P<0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the paired sequential scans from control patients, nor a reduction in the percentage of scans with greater than grade 1 colonic F-FDG uptake.
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Does rifaximin suppress background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT scans?
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task820_protoqa_answer_generation
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task820-376ef921586b480d8c72d79bf5cabec9
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Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question.
name the most evil disney villain.
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scar
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task328_jigsaw_classification_insult
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task328-fadc72ed287e4361ac8d63016630a1c0
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In this task, you are given a public comment from online platforms. You are expected to classify the comment into two classes: insult and non-insult. Insult is any lanugage or act that is disrespectful or scornfully abusive.
Comment: The Secretary of State for Texas refused aid from Quebec - said he'd rather have prayers!!! Why do we bother to help such morons?
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Insult
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task196_sentiment140_answer_generation
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task196-77533fd5629b47d484ee2af8fd35bd9a
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In this task, you are given a text from tweets and a boolean question whether this tweet has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer "yes" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer "no".
Tweet: It is sooooooo hot in Portmore Jamaica right now. Thank God I have the air on. My poor electric bill Question: is it a positive tweet?
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no
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task283_dream_incorrect_answer_generation
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task283-c0df9625736d4f04a2136b05c147ab91
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In this task, you will be shown a conversation and a question. You need to write an implausible answer to the question. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. "W" and "M" in the conversations stand for "woman" and "man".
M: Do you know how old Dick is this year? W: Well, let me see. I'm 39 and he is 4 years younger., Question: How old is Dick now?
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39.
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task064_all_elements_except_first_i
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task064-2f8be783d44546c5930eeae16b8a8a2e
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In this task, you are given inputs i and A, where i is an integer and A is a list. You need to list all the elements of A after the first i elements. i will always have a value less than the length of A.
1, ['T', 'f', 'e']
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f, e
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task1661_super_glue_classification
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task1661-07532857915b49c4896f812b0bc57731
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In this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)
Passage: University of Maryland University College -- In 1959, Chancellor Ehrensberger persuaded the University System of Maryland's Board of Regents to change the name to University of Maryland University College. The name ``University College'' was adopted from the British university system to depict an educational institution offering ``courses and programs from all academic departments outside the university's walls and normal class times.'' Therefore, UMUC is not a division of the University of Maryland, College Park, but rather a separate institution within the University System of Maryland.
Question: is umuc part of university of maryland college park
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0
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task594_sciq_question_generation
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task594-41badc0b687d4d3599848cb9b01db2b6
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Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer.
Passage: The hint of symmetry between electricity and magnetism found in the preceding chapter will be elaborated upon in this chapter. Specifically, we know that a current creates a magnetic field. If nature is symmetric here, then perhaps a magnetic field can create a current. The Hall effect is a voltage caused by a magnetic force. That voltage could drive a current. Historically, it was very shortly after Oersted discovered currents cause magnetic fields that other scientists asked the following question: Can magnetic fields cause currents? The answer was soon found by experiment to be yes. In 1831, some 12 years after Oersted’s discovery, the English scientist Michael Faraday (1791–1862) and the American scientist Joseph Henry (1797–1878) independently demonstrated that magnetic fields can produce currents. The basic process of generating emfs (electromotive force) and, hence, currents with magnetic fields is known as induction; this process is also called magnetic induction to distinguish it from charging by induction, which utilizes the Coulomb force. Today, currents induced by magnetic fields are essential to our technological society. The ubiquitous generator—found in automobiles, on bicycles, in nuclear power plants, and so on—uses magnetism to generate current. Other devices that use magnetism to induce currents include pickup coils in electric guitars, transformers of every size, certain microphones, airport security gates, and damping mechanisms on sensitive chemical balances. Not so familiar perhaps, but important nevertheless, is that the behavior of AC circuits depends strongly on the effect of magnetic fields on currents. Answer: magnetism
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What does the ubiquitous generator use to generate currents?
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task295_semeval_2020_task4_commonsense_reasoning
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task295-28a31ab27deb4baaab62e1e7dc2980f6
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In this task, you are given an impractical statement. You are also given three reasons (associated with "A", "B", "C") explaining why this statement doesn't make sense. You must choose the most corresponding reason explaining why this statement doesn't make sense.
The ocean was dry
(A) The ocean is made up of water
(B)The ocean cannot be seen
(C)There are too many fish in the ocean
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A
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task066_timetravel_binary_consistency_classification
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task066-987a71d9d75e4f5087b336c4fb423f1d
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In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given a candidate for the second sentence and you need to identify if the given sentence connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by "Yes" if it connects, otherwise "No". Do not generate anything else apart from "Yes" or "No". The given sentence is incorrect if it changes the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences form a consistent story.
Sentence 1: Val's mom was furious with her.
Sentence 3: Val was in fact the bully
Sentence 4: Her mother was embarrassed when the principal showed her the proof
Sentence 5: Val was grounded for a month for being a bully, and telling lies
Given Sentence 2: Val liked to her about being bullied.
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Yes
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task633_dbpedia_14_answer_generation
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task633-f8c9e310e2454331a3592a9689a03359
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In this task, you are given a text which is the body of a document. You are given a question and options. Pick the correct number. Don't generate anything else apart from the numbers provided in options.
Context: Monte Pisanino is the highest peak (1946 m) in the Alpi Apuane in Tuscany central Italy. Located in the comune of Minucciano (province of Lucca) it is also the highest mountain entirely belonging to the Tuscany region.
Question: The document can be classified to which topic?
Options: 1)Film, 2)Artist, 3)NaturalPlace, 4)Animal
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3
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task636_extract_and_sort_unique_alphabets_in_a_list
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task636-0667d7a9bc244c9781afd0bcdd8263b0
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In this task, you are given an input list A comprising of numbers and alphabets. You need to extract and sort the unique alphabets in the list. The alphabets in the input list will only be in lowercase. Return -1 if there is no alphabet in the input list.
['j', '2239', 'v', '209', '5901', '5843', 'h', '3347', 'o', 'b', '985', '7441', '4499', '1293', '871', '2459', 'o']
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b, h, j, o, v
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task1446_farthest_integers
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task1446-d56142da12534a71bb4250d453c2fef3
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In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance.
[93, 40, 1, -66, 77, 35, -13, 5, -61]
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159
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task1445_closest_integers
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task1445-037cc071e54540f38f9b7c34bfdbaec0
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In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the minimum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the smallest possible absolute distance.
[-39, -36, 60, -27, -88, 52]
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3
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task1445_closest_integers
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task1445-259b778b7e9246b1903172632b789e96
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In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the minimum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the smallest possible absolute distance.
[45, 10, 31, -65, -1, 31, 2, 79]
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0
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task339_record_answer_generation
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task339-22b30c75079147b4bd9821b0a9524ed7
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In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
With a sprawling Californian mansion, a Vogue cover and a personal worth of over £40m, Kim Kardashian hasn’t done too badly for a reality television star. But now the buxom blonde - formerly brunette - has garnered such status that Kardashian lookalikes are cashing in on their likeness of her - to the tune of thousands. Jo’Anne Patton, 32, has had so much success as a Kim Kardashian lookalike in Leeds that she estimates earning up to £36,000 over the course of the year for just six appearances per month. Scroll down for video Jo'Anne Patton, 32, right, works as a Kim Kardashian lookalike - and she's seriously cashing in on her likeness to the reality TV star, leftJo'Anne Patton, 32, earns up to £36,000 a year for six appearances a monthAlso works as a PA and makes appearances as Kim at partiesSpends £1390 a month on beauty treatments to maintain lookCredits good figure with 'a lot of Nandos and squats'
Question:The PA admits that keeping up with _'s appearance costs over £1,300 per month.
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Kim Kardashian
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task080_piqa_answer_generation
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task080-43668cbdc6004d088e6d8dd44b010f86
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In this task the focus is on physical knowledge about the world. Given the provided goal task in the input, describe a process that would lead to the asked outcome. This process often involves physical motions with objects, such as moving them, arranging them in a certain way, mixing them, shaking them, etc.
To organize your clothes in your closet
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Start by sorting them by seasons
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task518_emo_different_dialogue_emotions
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task518-7fffb5fe4e3543c4938682c0330f67ca
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In this task you will be given two dialogues. You need to determine if both dialogues have the same underlying emotion. The possible emotions are happy, sad, angry, or other. If they do output 'yes', if not output 'no'.
Dialogue 1: 'u r busy i am great gd nyt'. Dialogue 2: 'so why r u not coming to meet me we don't have any courses there or else i would have come there you liar'.
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no
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task820_protoqa_answer_generation
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task820-595ba45260644bc287d34fdcc1dd8059
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Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question.
name a job that a man brags his girlfriend has.
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professor/teacher
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task1504_hatexplain_answer_generation
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task1504-d16a9b4bd8524607b102212a10baf7d9
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The input is a tweet which can be Hate Speech or Offensive. Given such a tweet, output a phrase from the tweet that makes it hate speech or offensive. The output should contain only one such phrase. The output has to be from within the tweet itself. Do not generate words or phrases not present in the tweet.
when she whines i smile but i will not eat her tears or suffering she probably infected with hepatitis due to her poor moslem hygiene 😂 😂 😂
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she probably infected with hepatitis due to her poor moslem hygiene
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task1520_qa_srl_answer_generation
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task1520-45c18251c7d547a6b3044034962799b4
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In this task, you are given a sentence and question which can be answered using the sentence. Your task is to answer the question using the information from the sentence. The answer to the question is unique and it is a continuous text span from the sentence.
Sentence: He also began making super-8 films beginning in junior high , and showed these films to the scholarship committee of Brigham Young University in 1981 , earning a full scholarship in ` Theatre and Cinematic Arts ' after receiving a Sundance Institute ` Most Promising Filmmaker ' award for his film `` Night Meeting '' .
Question: what was something meeting?
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his film
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task098_conala_list_intersection
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task098-13ff6c306b90486cbe5d81443d7a7078
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In this task you will be given two lists of numbers and you need to calculate the intersection between these two lists. The intersection between two lists is another list where every element is common between the two original lists. If there are no elements in the intersection, answer with an empty list. Your list of numbers must be inside brackets. Sort the numbers in your answer in an ascending order, that is, no matter what the order of the numbers in the lists is, you should put them in your answer in an ascending order.
[6, 4, 7, 9, 10, 7] , [4, 10, 10, 2, 6, 1]
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[4, 6, 10]
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task390_torque_text_span_selection
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task390-d6c326f966244fbfb1687e89618fb5e7
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In this task, you will be given a passage, a question and a list of single-word events identified from the passage. The goal is to point out all events from the given event list that can answer the question. If a question is unanswerable or none of the events answer the question, output should be empty.
Passage: The 8-month grand competition, to be shown on television across China through satellite transmission as of March next year, will allow Chinese audiences to vote for their favorite Kungfu exercisers through the website or mobile phone messages. The top 108 winners are expected to have the chance to play a part in a movie and TV series depicting martial arts and monks of Shaolin, according to Fu Min, general manager with the Shaolin Temple Culture Communication Co., Ltd, which is owned by the temple. Question: What happens immediately after the competition? Events: ['shown', 'allow', 'vote', 'are', 'have', 'play', 'depicting', 'is', 'owned', 'be', 'expected']
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allow
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task472_haspart_classification
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task472-942a9039ae9d40dcbdd8b6f2010fbeca
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Given two entities as input, classify as "yes" if second entity is the part of the first entity. Otherwise classify them as "no". These are entities of meronym In linguistics, meronymy is a semantic relation between a meronym denoting a part and a holonym denoting a whole. In simpler terms, a meronym (i.e., second entity) is in a part-of relationship with its holonym (i.e., first entity).
Entity 1: lobster
Entity 2: gill
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yes
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task088_identify_typo_verification
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task088-62d69417459f4fb48958ab7e4c243c40
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The given sentence contains a typo which could be one of the following four types: (1) swapped letters of a word e.g. 'niec' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (2) missing letter in a word e.g. 'nic' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (3) extra letter in a word e.g. 'nicce' is a typo of the word 'nice'. (4) replaced letter in a word e.g 'nicr' is a typo of the word 'nice'. You need to identify the typo in the given sentence. To do this, answer with the word containing the typo.
A shopping area with a woman crossing the street with a stroller.
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None
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task631_dbpedia_14_incorrect_answer_generation
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task631-6a300e91e8b94d07b7a9edae5e80a435
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In this task, you're given a text and question. The question is about the topic of the document. You are expected to generate an incorrect answer. The incorrect answer should be among one of the following categories: 1)Company, 2)Educational Institution, 3)Artist, 4)Athlete, 5)Office holder, 6)Mean of transportation, 7)Building, 8)Natural place, 9)Village, 10)Animal, 11)Plant, 12)Album, 13)Film, 14)Written work
Text: Devils Lake is a lake in the Otter Tail County in Minnesota. The lake occupies 314 acres (1.3 km2) in size. At its deepest point the lake is 90 feet (27 m) deep however most of the lake is 15 feet (4.6 m) or less in depth The lake is a locally popular fishing spot. The lake is mesotrophic.
Question: WHat is the classified topic name
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Village
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task1205_atomic_classification_isafter
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task1205-1b533331cda0469db75a6acdb863fca6
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In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head happens after the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Head: PersonX accidentally knocked ___<sep>Tail: also happy satisfied
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No
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task067_abductivenli_answer_generation
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task067-3f90ee46982347c4a0ebc803363aa085
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In this task, you're given the beginning and the ending of a three-part story. Your job is to complete the short story by writing a middle sentence that seamlessly connects the first and last sentence. Generated sentences must be short, have fewer than 10 words, and be simple as if narrating to a child. Avoid using any irrelevant extra information when creating the middle sentence, and use names (e.g. Jack, Barbara,...) instead of pronouns (e.g. he / she) wherever possible.
Beginning: Chris was a millennial. Ending: Chris missed the time when smart phones didn't exist.
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Chris was tired of getting so many texts.
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task750_aqua_multiple_choice_answering
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task750-af6189981d3a416abdb9d5e8f2302c2c
|
You are given a math word problem and you are supposed to make use of mathematical concepts like probability, combinatorics, linear equations, sequences/series, or simple operators like addition, subtraction, division, or multiplication to answer the given question. Choose the best option from the 5 given options and report that option.
Question: There is a number which is greater than the aggregate of its third. tenth and the twelfth parts by 58
Can you find the number?
Option A: 125
Option B: 153
Option C: 120
Option D: 234
Option E: 116
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Option C
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task599_cuad_question_generation
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task599-4cd960585af74cfe849eea9884081a47
|
In this task, you're given a passage that represents a legal contract or clause between multiple parties. Your job is to write questions that ask the basic details corresponding to the legal contracts or clauses. Avoid questions that can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph, and which might have multiple answers. The answer to each question should be unambiguous.
AMENDMENT TO SERVICES AGREEMENT
This AMENDMENT TO SERVICES AGREEMENT, dated and effective as of March 30, 2009 (this Amendment), is made between FEDERATED INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT COMPANY, a Delaware statutory trust (the Adviser), and FEDERATED ADVISORY SERVICES COMPANY, a Delaware statutory trust (FASC). Capitalized terms used, but not defined, in this Amendment have the meanings given to such terms in the Services Agreement (as defined below).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Adviser and FASC have entered into that certain Services Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004 (as amended, the Services Agreement), pursuant to which FASC provides certain performance attribution, administration and risk management, equity trading and transaction settlement, fundamental analysis, and quantitative analysis services to Adviser in connection with Adviser providing investment advisory or sub-advisory services to investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (1940 Act) and/or separate accounts not required to be so registered (collectively, Accounts); and
WHEREAS, the Adviser and FASC desire to amend the Services indicated in Exhibit A to the Services Agreement, solely with respect to Accounts that are not investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, to provide that, as part of the administration and risk management services provided by FASC, FASC may provide certain coordination of client portfolios and related fixed income trade execution implementation and administration services to Adviser when Adviser is acting as adviser or sub-adviser with respect to such Accounts.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
1. Amendment to Exhibit A to Services Agreement. Solely with respect to Accounts that are not investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, the section of Exhibit A to the Services Agreement entitled Administration and Risk Management shall be, and hereby is, deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
2. Administration and Risk Management. Employees of Federated Advisory Services Company provide support to portfolio managers and other employees of affiliated advisers. Such services may include development of risk management programs, production of portfolio and compliance reports for clients and/or fund Boards, coordination of client portfolios and related fixed income trade execution implementation and administration, completion of required broker and custody documentation, development and documentation of operational procedures, coordination of proxy voting activities, on-site support of hardware and software, etc.
2. Miscellaneous. This Amendment shall be effective as of the date first above written upon its execution and delivery by each of the parties hereto. The Services Agreement, as amended by this Amendment with respect to Accounts that are not investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, shall remain in full force and effect. The Services Agreement also shall remain in full force and effect without amendment with respect to Accounts that are investment companies under the 1940 Act. This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed to be an original copy of this Amendment and all of which, when taken together, will be deemed to constitute one and the same agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto, through their duly authorized officers, have executed this Amendment as of the date first above written.
FEDERATED INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT FEDERATED ADVISORY SERVICES COMPANY
COMPANY
By: /s/ John B. Fisher By: /s/ J. Christopher Donahue
Name: John B. Fisher Name: J. Christopher Donahue
Title: President Title: Chairman
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Highlight the parts (if any) of this contract related to Governing Law that should be reviewed by a lawyer. Details: Which state/country's law governs the interpretation of the contract?
|
task469_mrqa_answer_generation
|
task469-14e404b80e9d4d76951f4c84413c51c2
|
Given a question and a context passage, generate the answer having the word or phrase from the context passage. Here, the answer should be a shortest continous span from the passage.
Context: The Philadelphia chromosome translocation (t(9;22)) results in the molecular juxtaposition of two genes, BCR and ABL, to form an aberrant BCR-ABL gene on chromosome 22. BCR-ABL is critical to the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia and a subset of acute leukemias. The chimeric Bcr-Abl protein has constitutively elevated tyrosine phosphokinase activity. This abnormal enzymatic activation is critical to the oncogenic potential of Bcr-Abl. Initially, protein kinases were thought to be poor therapeutic targets because of their ubiquitous nature and crucial role in many normal physiologic processes. However, the advent of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland), formerly known as STI571 and CGP57148B, demonstrated that designer kinase inhibitors could be specific. This agent has shown striking activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia. It also inhibits phosphorylation of Kit (stem-cell factor receptor) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor. In addition, it has shown similar impressive responses, with little host toxicity, in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, which harbor activating Kit mutations, and in tumors with activated platelet-derived growth factor receptor. The studies of imatinib mesylate provide proof-of-principle for using aberrant kinases as a therapeutic target and are a model for the promise of molecular therapeutics. This paper reviews the current knowledge on the function of Bcr-Abl and its normal counterparts (Bcr and Abl), as well as the impact of this knowledge on the development of a remarkably successful targeted therapy approach.
Question: What tyrosine kinase, involved in a Philadelphia- chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia, is the target of Imatinib (Gleevec)?
|
bcr-abl
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task617_amazonreview_category_text_generation
|
task617-4a92780d152c46bbad436e3c506d1d6e
|
In this task, you're given a review from Amazon and your task is to generate the name of the category of the product based on the review given by the user. The categories are: kitchen, office product, watch, wireless, other, toy, digital video download, camera, jewelry, pet products, sports, industrial supplies, baby product, grocery, drugstore, home improvement, pc, shoes, automotive, digital ebook purchase, musical instruments, beauty, book, electronics, lawn and garden, apparel, home, video games, luggage, furniture, personal care appliances.
We are very disappointed with this thermometer. We bought it hoping for a reliable read and haven’t found it in this product-we have read the directions to make sure we aren’t missing something. My children clearly have a fever by feeling their forehead but the thermometer is registering as “green”-everything is great. Clearly it is not working correctly.
|
drugstore
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task1217_atomic_answer_generation
|
task1217-2808a08d02994ceab5f0853fcf091716
|
In this task, you are given a sentence with a missing word that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Fill in the blank with a plausible word. Although each sentence has many correct answers, you only have to write one answer.
PersonX leaves ___ in the hands
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lotion
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task356_casino_classification_negotiation_self_need
|
task356-2dd7b560ecf8453b9b14236e892b533e
|
The input is taken from a negotiation between two participants who take the role of campsite neighbors and negotiate for Food, Water, and Firewood packages, based on their individual preferences and requirements. Given an utterance and recent dialogue context containing past 3 utterances (wherever available), output Yes if the utterance contains the self-need strategy, otherwise output No. self-need is a selfish negotiation strategy. It is used to create a personal need for an item in the negotiation, such as by pointing out that the participant sweats a lot to show preference towards water packages.
Context: 'Yeah I can do that!' 'sounds awesome! Thank you so much!' 'What about 0 firewood, 3 water and 1 food?'
Utterance: 'Oh I thought you agreed with 3 water, 2 food and 0 water for me ☹️'
|
No
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task087_new_operator_addsub_arithmetic
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task087-7297250995ab4399960fa017e0681a41
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In this task you will be given an arithmetic operation and you have to find its answer. The operators '+' and '-' have been replaced with new symbols. Specifically, '+' has been replaced with the symbol '@' and '-' with the symbol '#'. You need to perform the operations in the given equation return the answer
6431 # 6243 # 676 @ 7968
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7480
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task339_record_answer_generation
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task339-b5935ef328d24fc9906db8501ead2f99
|
In this task, you will be presented with a passage and have to answer a question based on your understanding of the events inferred from the passage. Try to find the best answer that is most likely to fill in "_". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
(CNN) Foreign policy, increasingly, is what is happening around the world while the United States is making other plans. More than five months into Donald Trump's presidency, American adversaries and allies alike are adjusting to a new era in which Washington seeks its own idiosyncratic and unpredictable "America First" path. In Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, governments are assessing shifting US priorities and in some cases seeking alternative sources of leadership and partnership in the belief that America has stepped back. Trump's unpopularity abroad is forcing leaders to consider their own political positions, before getting too close to the American President -- even if they seek to preserve Washington's still vital global role as the guarantor of liberal market economics and democracy.American adversaries and allies alike are adjusting to a new eraTrump's unpopularity abroad is forcing leaders to consider their own political positions
Question:The Trump administration refutes the notion that it has downgraded _ leadership, arguing that Trump's foreign trips, flurry of meetings and frequent calls with foreign presidents and prime ministers shows intense engagement.
|
American
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task205_remove_even_elements
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task205-8c320336bca54299873a8d2d2ecd865d
|
In this task you will be given a list of numbers. A list is shown by two brackets and comma-separated numbers inside, like: [1,2,3]. You should remove all of the even numbers from the list. If every number in the input list is even an empty list should be returned. Zero should be counted as an even number.
[64, 48, 20, 70, 193, 181, 161, 127]
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[193, 181, 161, 127]
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task177_para-nmt_paraphrasing
|
task177-9ca8b70a7ebd490ca1ed378e03094339
|
This is a paraphrasing task. In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate another sentence which express same meaning as the input using different words.
well , she came up to me and said `` hi . ''
|
well , she came and said hello .
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task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
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task405-270e2198b4bc417a9d77a6274a2902d1
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You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning.
The Rosaura subplot has been subjected to much criticism in the past as not belonging to the work. Men ndez y Pelayo saw it as a strange and exotic plot, like a parasitical vine. Rosaura has also been dismissed as the simple stock character of the jilted woman. With the British School of Calderonistas, this attitude changed. A. E. Sloman explained how the main and secondary actions are linked. Others like E. M. Wilson and William M. Whitby consider Rosaura to be central to the work since she parallels Segismundo's actions and also serves as Segismundo's guide, leading him to a final conversion. For some Rosaura must be studied as part of a Platonic ascent on the part of the Prince. Others compare her first appearance, falling from a horse/hippogriff to the plot of Ariosto's Orlando furioso where Astolfo (the name of the character who deceives Rosaura in our play), also rides the hippogriff and witnesses a prophecy of the return of the mythical Golden Age. For Frederick de Armas, Rosaura hides a mythological mystery already utilized by Ariosto. When she goes to Court, she takes on the name of Astraea, the goddess of chastity and justice. Astraea was the last of the immortals to leave earth with the decline of the ages. Her return signals the return of a Golden Age. Many writers of the Renaissance and early modern periods used the figure of Astraea to praise the rulers of their times. It is possible that Rosaura (an anagram of auroras, "dawns") could represent the return of a Golden Age during the reign of Segismundo, a figure that represents King Philip IV of Spain.
|
What is Astraea the goddess of?
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task1328_qa_zre_relation_generation_from_question
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task1328-2f666f6a90d6480997426cf1745f8cea
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Classify the relation of question with context to one of these categories: 1) award received, 2) based on, collection, 3) conflict, 4) constellation, 5) convicted of, 6) date of death, 7) director, 8) drafted by, 9) educated at, 10) medical condition, 11) military branch, 12) narrative location, 13) occupation, 14) original network, 15) parent company, 16) point in time, 17) production company, 18) residence, 19) series, 20) service entry, 21) sex or gender, 22) spouse, 23) standards body question.
Context : Franco Citti as Vittorio ``Accattone'' Cataldi Franca Pasut as Stella Silvana Corsini as Maddalena Paola Guidi as Ascenza Adriana Asti as Amore Luciano Conti as Il Moicano Luciano Gonini as Piede D'Oro Renato Capogna as Renato Alfredo Leggi as Papo Hirmedo Galeazzo Riccardi as Cipolla Leonardo Muraglia as Mammoletto Giuseppe Ristagno as Peppe Roberto Giovannoni as The German Mario Cipriani as Balilla Roberto Scaringella as Cartagine Silvio Citti as Sabino Monica Vitti (uncredited) as Ascenza (voice)
Question : Who is the director for Accattone?
|
director
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task428_senteval_inversion
|
task428-6723e6907a5d4152b5fde2224a7103ce
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In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether there exist two consecutive words within the sentence with flipped orders, that is, whether the sentence will make sense and be correct if the order of two consecutive words changes. Label the instances as "Inversion" or "Original" based on your judgment.
Rifles clicked to side one as guns were shouldered.
|
Inversion
|
task280_stereoset_classification_stereotype_type
|
task280-10663fabba7e4260827c7e3a358462b3
|
In this task, you are given a short passage that conveys stereotype or anti-stereotype about a specific target. A stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against a common stereotype. You are expected to classify the passage into four types of stereotype or anti-stereotype: gender, profession, race, and religion.
Passage: The football player was ugly.
|
Profession
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task616_cola_classification
|
task616-46d18d0c89ae481ca2ff09ed7725d553
|
You're given a sentence and your task is to classify whether the sentence is acceptable or not. Any sentence which is grammatically correct, has a naturalistic text, is written by a native speaker and which minimizes superfluous content is acceptable, otherwise unacceptable. If the sentence is acceptable then write "acceptable", otherwise "unacceptable".
Robin arrived most of the way at the station.
|
unacceptable
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task617_amazonreview_category_text_generation
|
task617-dab66af626a14f08bae7092c0e2396a8
|
In this task, you're given a review from Amazon and your task is to generate the name of the category of the product based on the review given by the user. The categories are: kitchen, office product, watch, wireless, other, toy, digital video download, camera, jewelry, pet products, sports, industrial supplies, baby product, grocery, drugstore, home improvement, pc, shoes, automotive, digital ebook purchase, musical instruments, beauty, book, electronics, lawn and garden, apparel, home, video games, luggage, furniture, personal care appliances.
My recommendation is do not buy! When I first got this product, I was frustrated with the smooth, round top that made it difficult to operate. I got over that and it worked fine until today, when I discovered I could not get it to lock. A closer look revealed a small chip out of the plastic around the edge of the lid that obviously interferes with the locking function. Poor design! Now I will have to throw it away and buy another one. I expect these kind of products to be more durable than 9 months.
|
kitchen
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task1312_amazonreview_polarity_classification
|
task1312-46e633f932df422aa90826b7bcc29ff0
|
In this task, You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
I bought this to replace the factory latch on my 1999 dodge 2500. Super easy to install and worked great when installed........ than after driving for about 2 weeks I looked back through the rear view mirror and saw it snapped at the hinge. I NEVER EVEN HAD THE CHANCE TO USE IT!
|
negative
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task431_senteval_object_count
|
task431-fc0ecd40423242c799ac30507418785f
|
In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether the object of the main clause is singular(like: apple) or plural(like: apartments). Label the instances as "Singular" or "Plural" based on your judgment.
I caught his movements from the corner of my eyes and then countered them.
|
Plural
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task428_senteval_inversion
|
task428-13881ea32cd34a9aa7821f9b37e80639
|
In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether there exist two consecutive words within the sentence with flipped orders, that is, whether the sentence will make sense and be correct if the order of two consecutive words changes. Label the instances as "Inversion" or "Original" based on your judgment.
She pushed her black hair behind her ear and looked me at.
|
Inversion
|
task867_mawps_multiop_question_answering
|
task867-18107aea79814dfbb484881f8a866593
|
You are given a math word problem and you are supposed to apply multiple mathematical operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication or division on the numbers embedded in the text to answer the following question and then only report the final numerical answer.
There were 11 friends playing a video game online when 5 players quit . If each player left had 5 lives , how many lives did they have total ?
|
30
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task087_new_operator_addsub_arithmetic
|
task087-d3c5117a806d4adc877b00695c22910a
|
In this task you will be given an arithmetic operation and you have to find its answer. The operators '+' and '-' have been replaced with new symbols. Specifically, '+' has been replaced with the symbol '@' and '-' with the symbol '#'. You need to perform the operations in the given equation return the answer
4486 @ 7884 # 172 @ 2615
|
14813
|
task311_race_question_generation
|
task311-0a70c68bfbb84d379b494fd4ccb6cfbc
|
In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for the answer based on the given article.
Article: Christmas, Easter and birthday parties can be difficult times for grandmothers and parents as they rush around trying to arrange the perfect celebration or making everyone as happy as possible! What's better than a birthday party that makes your grandchild smile throughout or a celebration that impresses relatives and close friends? That is why Granny Look has supplied in this section, one of the most comprehensive guides to making these special occasions that happen perhaps once a year a real success. From a selection of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas-stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children and grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas. Bring that festive spirit to all those traditional days, and ensure you are always ready for any possibility. Granny Look's extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content. CHRISTMAS-STOCKING FILLERS Look no further! Granny Look helps the family to prepare in time for FATHER CHRISTMAS. Give SANTACLAUS some ideas. He can fill all the children's Christmas-stockings with goodies! Unique Christmas gifts for children -- stocking fillers. A Granny Look favorite! ADVENT CALENDARS All children love the build-up to CHRISTMAS! What is better than choosing one of Granny Look's selection of Advent Calendars! Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time. A Granny Look favorite! BIRTHDAYS LOOKING for a SPECIAL BIRTHDAY GIFT? Explore Granny Look's selection of PRESENTS, PARTYPLANNING, PARTY TOYS and PARTY GAMES for your Children and Grandchildren's BIRTHDAYS. Plan and organize the KIDDIE'S PARTIES ahead of time!! Don't forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS! CHRISTMAS LOOK and BOOK now!! Granny Look's selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children. Some guides to "What's on in your area"... for the kids, PANTOS, SHOWS, THEATRES... at Christmas time! UNIQUE Christmas gifts for Children. Spend QUALITY TIME with your Children's Children this FESTIVE SEASON !
Answer: At Birthdays.
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If you want to send some invitations to your daughter's classmates, where will you search for the information?
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task132_dais_text_modification
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task132-0c970351f89e480ca9bcdca21960139d
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Languages typically provide more than one grammatical construction to express certain types of messages. Your task is to generate a senetence with the same meaning as given sentence, but with different grammatical construction.
Bob introduced a woman the proposal
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Bob introduced the proposal to a woman
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task1422_mathqa_physics
|
task1422-4229dfbcbf014a4080780d69dac74e29
|
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the physics. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'.
Problem: suppose you work for a manufacturing plant that pays you $ 12.50 an hour plus $ 0.16 for each widget you make . how many widgets must you produce in a 40 hour week to earn $ 660 ( before payroll deductions ) ?
Options: a ) 800 , b ) 900 , c ) 1000 , d ) 1100 , e ) 1200
|
c
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task586_amazonfood_polarity_classification
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task586-db9e4dffe5744d8f8c89a429f01194f3
|
You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.
So this stuff is a must have for making true pizza napoletana. I'm really thrilled that it is so accessible here in the USA. This flour makes the most silky smooth dough I've ever had the pleasure of getting sticky with, and it has a different (better for pizza) taste than the all-purpose store brand flour. Sure It costs a little more, it's coming from Italy, but given that you can make about 6 pizzas per bag ... who's counting? Get this stuff, some D.O.P. tomatoes, grow some basil, and make some Mozarella (okay, I admit, haven't done this one ... yet) but given the first couple items there and you're well on your way to the origins of pizza in Naples, Italy. Is it worth it??? I say Si!!! Mangia!!! (And Taylor's Market always comes through for my home shipments!... Cheers!)
|
Positive
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task568_circa_question_generation
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task568-409203181f204f6fabf058a5f1b28c0d
|
In this task, you are given an answer, and your task is to generate a reasonable question for that answer.
I have a few favorites
|
Do you have a specific go-to genre of music you like to listen to?
|
task1291_multi_news_summarization
|
task1291-bc04143cd4d94107a86cb3b7a19ecfd9
|
In this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token "|||||". Your task is to summarize them.
Here’s what we know about the deadly crash of a Russian airliner in Egypt that killed all 224 people on board Saturday. (Monica Akhtar/The Washington Post)
Here’s what we know about the deadly crash of a Russian airliner in Egypt that killed all 224 people on board Saturday. (Monica Akhtar/The Washington Post)
A public quarrel erupted Monday over the cause of the weekend plane crash in Egypt that killed 224 people, and it pitted the airline that operated the Airbus jet against the Russian government.
Metrojet, a small Russian airline scrambling to protect its reputation after the devastating crash, found itself at odds with government officials who wanted to contain speculation about what led to the deadliest civil aviation disaster in Russia’s history.
[Sinai increasingly restive and unstable]
When a senior Metrojet official declared Monday that the company had ruled out pilot error or a technical malfunction as the reason for the crash, the government responded with a swift rebuke.
“That statement is premature and is based on no real facts,” Alexander Neradko, the head of Russia’s Federal Air Transport Agency, said in a television interview from Egypt.
Investigators have not said whether a technical malfunction, pilot error or an act of terrorism caused the Airbus A321-200 to disintegrate over Egypt’s troubled Sinai Peninsula on Saturday, scattering debris over seven square miles of desert. Investigators have retrieved the plane’s black boxes but have not reviewed them yet, Neradko said in the interview.
“Yes, we know that components of the plane have been thrown over a wide area. That says that the breakup took place in the air, at a high altitude,” he said. “But it is very premature to talk about the reasons. I would like to call on the aviation community to abstain from premature statements.”
While an Egyptian affiliate of the Islamic State seized the opportunity to claim responsibility for the plane crash Saturday, Russian officials remained skeptical.
The claim led some international carriers to reroute flights away from the Sinai, though defense experts have raised strong doubts about whether the Islamic State could have missile systems capable of hitting an airliner at 31,000 feet.
In Washington, James R. Clapper Jr., the director of national intelligence, said that there was no “direct evidence of terrorist involvement yet” but that it cannot be disregarded. “It’s unlikely, but I wouldn’t rule it out,” Clapper told reporters.
Prevailing wisdom holds that once an airplane reaches cruising altitude, it’s clear sailing, but there have been at least half a dozen times when a commercial jetliner has fallen to pieces without help from a bomb or a missile.
[What would cause a plane to break up in midair?]
: Russia mourns after airliner crashes in Egypt: None of the 224 people on board a Russian aircraft survived after it went down en route from an Egyptian resort area to St. Petersburg. ( / )
What happened to the Metrojet flight is a riddle whose answer is fraught with consequences, either implicating Russia’s troubled airline industry or suggesting that Russia was targeted by terrorists, possibly because of the country’s intervention in Syria’s civil war.
“On the one hand, saying that it was ISIS might be convenient from the point of view that it’s not actually lax maintenance and safety standards” that caused the crash, said Alex Kazbegi, a transport analyst at Renaissance Capital, using an acronym for the Islamic State.
“But on the other hand, saying it was ISIS could be saying it was actually a response to Russia being in Syria, which may also be considered politically unacceptable.”
Russian President Vladimir Putin called the accident “a great tragedy” Monday.
“Everything must be done to create an objective picture of what happened so that we know what happened and react accordingly,” Putin told Transport Minister Maxim Sokolov during a televised briefing on the investigation.
As the investigation continues, there are unmistakable signs that Metrojet is in the crosshairs.
Investigators this weekend opened a probe for criminal negligence in the crash and searched Metrojet’s offices. Russia’s Federal Labor Agency announced Monday that the airline had not paid its employees in the past two months, indicating financial problems in the company. And a state-owned television channel broadcast an interview with the pilot’s wife, who said her husband had complained about poor maintenance on the plane.
Metrojet’s embattled leadership mounted a public defense Monday at a news conference in Moscow.
Alexander Smirnov, the deputy general director of the airline, said no combination of factors, including bad fuel or engine failure, could have led the plane to break up in midair. Metrojet officials also said that the plane was regularly reviewed for signs of structural weakening and argued that although the company had withheld wages recently, that did not affect safety standards.
“The only explanation could be a mechanical impact on the aircraft,” Smirnov said. He declined to elaborate as to what such an impact could have been.
Though Smirnov discounted the possibility that the Metrojet plane could have fatally malfunctioned, it would not be unprecedented.
[Egypt’s upheaval has transformed much of the Sinai into a no-go zone]
Planes climb to a cruising altitude of six to seven miles above the Earth’s surface because there, the air is far thinner, and against that lessened resistance they can fly faster and use less fuel.
When they reach that altitude, however, they must maximize the air pressure in the cockpit and cabin — and that puts stress on any component that has weakened over time.
“Typically, if there was that type of defect, you would expect it to manifest just as it reached the peak” altitude, said Steve Wallace, a former crash investigator for the Federal Aviation Administration.
In 1988, a hole opened in the fuselage of an Aloha Airlines plane in Hawaii, sucking out a flight attendant. Metal fatigue was blamed in 2002 when China Airlines Flight 611 disintegrated after takeoff from a Taiwan airport, killing all 225 people on board.
“That airplane had an improper repair after a tail strike,” Wallace said, “and I think this Russian airplane that was in the accident had had a tail strike.”
The Aviation Safety Network reported that the Metrojet plane suffered a “tail strike” in 2001, a type of incident in which an airplane’s tail hits the runway. The damage took three months to repair, but the jet was certified as airworthy this year by regulators in Ireland, where it was registered.
The Metrojet crash comes as Russian airlines are facing an economic crunch that has forced Transaero, the country’s second-largest airline, to file for bankruptcy. Russia’s aviation authorities grounded Transaero flights recently over concerns that the airline could not maintain safety standards.
But historically, Kazbegi noted, Russia’s regional and charter airlines have suffered the majority of the country’s air disasters. And with the recent devaluation of the ruble and the country’s economic crisis, they are struggling to make ends meet.
Travel to Egypt has declined by about 20 percent this year, said Maya Lomidze, executive director of Russia’s Association of Tour Operators. For charter airlines such as Metrojet, that has meant canceling or rescheduling flights, among other measures.
“Everyone has been saving in one way or another,” she said.
Meanwhile, thousands of Russian tourists in Egypt still have to find their way home.
“Some people are panicked; of course there is fear; many people are still in shock,” Lomidze said. “People are afraid to fly. But one way or another, they have to get home.”
Halsey reported from Washington. Erin Cunningham and Heba Habib in Cairo, Daniela Deane in London, and Brian Murphy and Ellen Nakashima in Washington contributed to this report.
Read more:
Al-Qaeda in Syria calls for revenge attacks on Russia
Russia defends Syria airstrikes amid claims of blows to U.S.-backed rebels
Today’s coverage from Post correspondents around the world ||||| Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Richard Westcott reports on the ongoing investigation into the crash
The Russian airline Kogalymavia has blamed "external influence" for Saturday's Sinai plane crash which killed 224 people.
A senior airline official said: "The only reasonable explanation is that it was [due to] external influence."
An investigation by aviation experts using data from the aircraft's "black boxes" has yet to give its conclusions.
The head of Russia's Federal Aviation Agency said it was premature to speculate on the cause of the crash.
"This kind of talk is... not based on any proper facts," Aleksandr Neradko said on Russian TV.
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi also said in an interview with the BBC that it was too early to say what had caused the crash.
He called a claim from jihadis allied to the so-called Islamic State (IS) group that they had brought down the plane "propaganda".
"This is one way to damage the stability and security of Egypt and the image of Egypt," he said.
Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption President Sisi said the area of Sinai concerned was "under our full control"
James Clapper, the US director of national intelligence, said there was no "direct evidence of any terrorist involvement yet" adding: "It's unlikely, but I wouldn't rule it out."
Russian President Vladimir Putin has described the crash as an "enormous tragedy" and expressed his condolences to the families of the victims.
"Without any doubt, everything must be done to create an objective picture of events so that we know what happened and can react accordingly," he said.
At a news conference in Moscow, the deputy director of the airline, which was later renamed Metrojet, ruled out a technical fault and pilot error.
"The only [explanation] for the plane to have been destroyed in mid-air can be specific impact, purely mechanical, physical influence on the aircraft," Alexander Smirnov said.
"There is no such combination of failures of systems which could have led to the plane disintegrating in the air," he added.
Another airline official acknowledged that there had been previous damage to the plane's tail in 2001 during take-off.
But he said that the damage had been repaired, and was not thought to be a factor in the crash.
However, the widow of the plane's co-pilot told Russian TV her husband had complained about the aircraft's technical condition.
Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Sarah Rainsford reports from a morgue in St Petersburg where bodies are being identified
The Airbus 321 lost speed and started descending rapidly, and the crew made no attempt to get in contact and report about the situation on board, Mr Smirnov added.
The bodies of 144 of those killed in the crash have been flown back to the Russian city of St Petersburg, where the plane had been headed from the Egyptian resort of Sharm el-Sheikh.
Russian Emergency Situations Minister Vladimir Puchkov said that searches in a 20-sq-km (7.7-sq-Mile) area around the crash site had ended and that a 30-sq-km area was now being searched.
Mr Puchkov said searches would not end until all the bodies have been recovered, AP reports.
The plane was carrying 217 passengers, including 25 children, and seven crew members - mostly Russians.
Timeline: the course of flight KGL9268
05:58 Egyptian time (03:58 GMT): Flight leaves Sharm el-Sheikh, a statement from the Egyptian cabinet says
06:14 Egyptian time (04:14 GMT): Plane fails to make scheduled contact with air traffic control based in Larnaca, Cyprus, according to Sergei Izdolsky, an official with Russia's air transport agency
06:17 Egyptian time, approx (04:17 GMT): Plane comes down over the Sinai peninsula, according to Airbus
11:12 Egyptian time (09:12 GMT): Flight had been due to land in St Petersburg's Pulkovo airport ||||| ‘Only explainable cause is physical impact on the aircraft,’ says Metrojet official, ruling out technical fault or mistake by crew
Russian airliner Metrojet says Saturday’s plane crash in Egypt, which killed all 224 people on board, was not caused by technical problems or pilot error.
The flight from the Egyptian beach resort of Sharm el-Sheikh to St Petersburg broke up over the Sinai peninsula.
“We rule out a technical fault of the plane or a pilot error,” said Alexander Smirnov, deputy general director of Metrojet. “The only explainable cause is physical impact on the aircraft.” Pressed for an explanation about what could have caused this impact, Smirnov said he was not at liberty to discuss details because the investigation was ongoing.
The head of the Russian aviation agency said it was premature of Metrojet to comment on the possible cause since investigators do not have enough data to reach any conclusions. Alexander Neradko, who has arrived in Cairo, said fragments and the contents of the black boxes would need to be studied first.
According to Smirnov, the plane dropped 186mph in speed and about 5,000ft in altitude one minute before it crashed. “This isn’t flying, it’s falling. Apparently, the plane sustained damage before this [and] that became the reason for the fall,” Smirnov said.
The fact that the crew did not attempt to contact ground services meant the plane had “completely lost operational capabilities when the catastrophic situation began to develop” and was not able to put out a distress signal, Smirnov said. Passengers most likely died from stresses experienced after the plane broke up, he added.
A source in the Egyptian committee analysing the plane’s black box recorders told Reuters the plane had not been struck from the outside and the pilot did not make a distress call before it disappeared from radar. The source declined to give more details but based his comments on the preliminary examination of the boxes.
Aviation experts have speculated that a sudden mechanical failure or an explosion could have been to blame.
On Saturday, a militant group affiliated to Islamic State in Egypt claimed responsibility for bringing down the jet, but Egypt and Russia disputed the claim, suggesting militants in northern Sinai, where Egypt has been fighting an Islamic insurgency, did not have the weaponry to hit a flight at 9,000 metres (31,000ft).
However, Zack Gold, a regional expert on Sinai security, pointed out on Sunday that the militant’s group’s statement “said they were responsible for downing the plane, not shooting it down”.
Gold said: “A legitimate Isis-supporting account in Sinai said: ‘Why is everyone talking about shooting it down, why is no one talking about a bomb or suicide bomber on board’.”
If a bomb had been planted on the plane, it would suggest security systems at Sharm el-Sheikh airport had been infiltrated or compromised, which would raise a whole range of other questions, he said. Gold added that there had been nothing to support the claim so far, such as a pre-mission video of a suicide attacker.
“The group does not have a history of major fabrications, but at the same time it’s curious that they would make this claim without providing any kind of evidence. They have military capabilities, but to carry out this kind of terrorism [on a plane] they would have to display organisation they haven’t shown [before].”
A Kremlin spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, said on Monday no causes could be ruled out. When asked about a possible terrorist attack, he asked journalists to wait for investigators’ results.
The Russian president, Vladimir Putin, who has not appeared in public since the plane went down, adopted a more active role in the crash’s aftermath on Monday. The Kremlin website published a photograph of him meeting his transport minister, Maksim Sokolov, who is leading the commission investigating the disaster.
Putin called for “maximum attention” to be given to the families of the victims, declaring: “We are with you in heart and spirit,” news agency Interfax reported. He also called for an “objective picture” of the incident to be determined so that “we know what happened and can react accordingly”.
The aircraft, built in 1997, suffered a tail strike in 2001, where the rear end of the plane touches the runway on takeoff. It underwent extensive repairs. On Monday, Oksana Golovina, a spokeswoman for the company that owns Metrojet, said the repaired area had been inspected in 2014. “The airplane was 100% ready to fly, in working order, otherwise it wouldn’t have taken off,” she said.
Despite additional checks imposed by the state transport regulator, Golovina said Metrojet would continue its flights to Egypt. Two of its remaining planes have undergone safety checks and two are in the process of being checked, she said.
“If we for a second doubted the flight readiness of our planes or our personnel, we would stop flights,” Golovina said. “We are confident our flights are in working order, we are confident our personnel’s capabilities meet or even exceed international standards.”
The dead, including more than 20 children, were all Russian apart from four Ukrainians and one person from Belarus. Early on Monday, the bodies of 140 victims of the crash arrived back in St Petersburg. Their remains were to be taken in a motorcade to a crematorium for identification, which will begin later in the day, according to Russia’s emergency ministry. ||||| ST. PETERSBURG, Russia (AP) — The latest developments after a Russian passenger plane crashed in Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, killing all 224 people on board Saturday (all times local).
Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations employees stand preparing to load the bodies of the victims from the ministry's plane in St. Petersburg, Russia, Monday, Nov. 2, 2015. Metrojet's Airbus A321-200... (Associated Press)
Friends Ekaterina Ivanova and Sergei Igolkin, of St. Petersburg, Russia, sit in a seaside cafe after arriving on a Metrojet flight, in Sharm el-Sheikh, south Sinai, Egypt, Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. They said... (Associated Press)
People light candles during a day of national mourning for the plane crash victims at Dvortsovaya (Palace) Square in St. Petersburg, Russia, on Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. The Metrojet charter crashed Saturday... (Associated Press)
Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations employees carry hand-barrows preparing to load the bodies of the victims from the ministry's plane in St. Petersburg, Russia, Monday, Nov. 2, 2015. Metrojet's... (Associated Press)
Russian investigators stand near debris, luggage and personal effects of passengers a day after a passenger jet bound for St. Petersburg in Russia crashed in Hassana, Egypt, on Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. The... (Associated Press)
People gathered to light candles during a day of national mourning for the plane crash victims at Dvortsovaya (Palace) Square in St. Petersburg, Russia, on Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. The Metrojet charter crashed... (Associated Press)
Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations employees walk past a truck preparing to load the bodies of the victims from the ministry's plane in St. Petersburg, Russia, Monday, Nov. 2, 2015. Metrojet's... (Associated Press)
People hold candles during a day of national mourning for the plane crash victims at Dvortsovaya (Palace) Square in St. Petersburg, Russia, on Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. The Metrojet charter crashed Saturday... (Associated Press)
An Egyptian military helicopter flies over wreckage of the Metrojet passenger plane bound for St. Petersburg, Russia that crashed Saturday, in Hassana, Egypt, Sunday, Nov. 1, 2015. The Russian jetliner... (Associated Press)
A woman woman releases a white bird in memory of the victims during a day of national mourning for the plane crash victims at Dvortsovaya (Palace) Square in St. Petersburg, Russia, on Sunday, Nov. 1,... (Associated Press)
Russian Ministry for Emergency Situations employees stand next to a truck preparing to load the bodies of the victims from the ministry's plane in St. Petersburg, Russia, Monday, Nov. 2, 2015. Metrojet's... (Associated Press)
2 p.m.
A Metrojet official says its plane crew did not send a distress call and did not contact Egyptian traffic controllers before the plane crashed into the Sinai.
Viktor Yung, a deputy director general at the Russian airline, spoke Monday at a news conference in Moscow. His comments directly contradict those of Egyptian officials, who say the doomed plane's pilot had reported a technical problem to air traffic controllers and wanted to make an emergency landing at the nearest airport.
Another Metrojet official, Alexander Smirnov, on Monday ruled out technical faults or pilot error as a cause of Saturday's crash, saying it had to be due to "an external impact on the plane."
All 224 people aboard the plane were killed.
___
1:45 p.m.
Russia's emergency situations minister has examined the black boxes from Saturday's crash of a Russian plane in Egypt and says they are in a good condition.
Russian news agencies on Monday quoted Vladimir Puchkov as saying that so Russian officials were shown the black boxes found at the site of the crash in the Sinai Peninsula.
Investigators have so far refrained from naming the cause of the crash but Metrojet, the Russian company operating the plane, on Monday ruled out technical faults or pilot error as a cause of the crash.
All 224 people aboard the plane were killed.
___
1:30 p.m.
A top official at Metrojet says its plane dropped 300 kph (186 mph) in speed and 1.5 kilometers (about 5,000 feet) in altitude one minute before it crashed into Egypt's Sinai Peninsula.
Alexander Smirnov, the deputy general director of Metrojet, also told reporters Monday in Moscow that no technical fault could have caused the Airbus A320-200 to break up in the air. He says the cause of Saturday's crash "could only have been a mechanical impact on the plane" in the air.
Russian investigators say the plane broke up at high altitude over the Sinai Peninsula but have so far refrained from naming possible causes. All 224 people aboard were killed.
___
1:10 p.m.
A top official at Metrojet, the Russian airline company whose charter flight crashed Saturday in Egypt, says the plane lost speed right before the crash.
Alexander Smirnov, the deputy general director of Metrojet, also told reporters Monday in Moscow that no technical fault could have caused the Airbus A320-200 to break up in the air. He says the cause of the crash "could only have been a mechanical impact on the plane" in the air.
Russian investigators say the plane broke up at high altitude over the Sinai Peninsula but have so far refrained from naming possible causes. All 224 people aboard were killed.
___
1 p.m.
A top official at Metrojet, the Russian airline company whose flight crashed Saturday in Egypt, is insisting that a technical fault could not have caused the crash.
Alexander Smirnov, the deputy general director of Metrojet, told reporters Monday in Moscow that no technical fault could have caused the Airbus A320-200 to break up in the air. He says the cause of the crash "could only have been a mechanical impact on the plane" in the air.
Russian investigators say the plane broke up at high altitude but have so far refrained from naming possible causes.
The Metrojet crashed Saturday morning 23 minutes after taking off from Sharm el-Sheikh, killing all 224 on board, the vast majority of them Russians.
___
11:50 a.m.
A Russian official says forensic experts have begun identifying the bodies of the 224 victims of the Metrojet plane crash in Egypt.
Yulia Shoigu, chief of the emergency situations ministry's psychological service, made the comment Monday in televised remarks. Russia has sent over 100 emergency workers and aviation experts to help Egypt examine the crash site in the Sinai Peninsula. French, German and Airbus aviation teams are also helping the investigation.
A Russian government plane on Monday brought 140 bodies of plane crash victims to St. Petersburg, where most of the passengers were from. Another plane will be taking more crash victims' bodies to St. Petersburg from Cairo late Monday night.
___
10:40 a.m.
Russia's emergency situations minister Vladimir Puchkov says the search for the bodies of victims of the plane crash in Egypt will wrap up in a day.
Puchkov tells a televised press conference Monday that the search in the Sinai Peninsula should wrap up by 10 p.m. Monday.
The Metrojet Airbus A320-200 crashed Saturday morning 23 minutes after taking off from Sharm el-Sheikh, killing all 224 on board. Most were Russian and many were from St. Petersburg.
A Russian government plane took the first 140 bodies from Egypt to St. Petersburg early Monday. Puchkov said another plane will travel from Egypt to St. Petersburg on Monday evening to bring more bodies of plane crash victims. |||||
|
An ominous development in Saturday's crash of a Russian plane in Egypt: The airline says pilot error or technical problems could not have caused the crash of Kogalymavia Flight 9268, leaving unspecified "external activity" in the air as the only possible cause, reports the BBC, which notes that an ISIS affiliate is active in the area where the plane went down and that Moscow hasn't ruled out terrorism as a cause. "The only [explanation] for the plane to have been destroyed in mid-air can be specific impact, purely mechanical, physical influence on the aircraft," says airline deputy director Alexander Smirnov. "There is no such combination of failures of systems which could have led to the plane disintegrating in the air." He says that contrary to some reports, the flight did not send out a distress signal or contact air traffic controllers before it broke up midair, reports the AP. Russian officials, meanwhile, say they've gotten a look at the plane's black boxes and they're in good condition, per the AP. The bodies of around 140 of the 224 victims arrived back in St. Petersburg, the doomed flight's destination, early on Monday, reports the Guardian. A state of official mourning has been declared in the city for what officials say is Russia's deadliest aviation disaster, the Washington Post reports. The Post also reports that major carriers, including KLM and Air France, have decided to avoid flying over the Sinai Peninsula until the cause of the crash is known, though United, the only American carrier to fly over the Sinai, says it does "not see a need" to change its routes immediately.
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task820_protoqa_answer_generation
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task820-16cb190ddde948019a55547f5a8db937
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Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question.
name something people often skip
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school
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task066_timetravel_binary_consistency_classification
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task066-ddd0fe83074a4c3394fca0685875f046
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In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given a candidate for the second sentence and you need to identify if the given sentence connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by "Yes" if it connects, otherwise "No". Do not generate anything else apart from "Yes" or "No". The given sentence is incorrect if it changes the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences form a consistent story.
Sentence 1: Cheryl woke up in the middle of the night.
Sentence 3: Cheryl lived alone and had no pets
Sentence 4: She couldn't find her cell phone on her nightstand
Sentence 5: Cheryl hid under her bed until morning
Given Sentence 2: She thought that she heard a noise downstairs.
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Yes
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task1290_xsum_summarization
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task1290-94de49d1273f4198afff8d3ba273a3fc
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In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence.
There have been no immediate reports of damage.
The USGS said the earthquake struck at 19:49 local time (12:49 GMT). It said the epicentre was 805km (500 miles) south-west of the city of Padang, and 24km deep.
Indonesia's National Meteorological Agency lifted its tsunami warnings several hours after the tremors.
Australian tsunami warnings for Cocos Island, Christmas Island and Western Australia were also lifted.
No tsunami warnings were issued in India or Sri Lanka.
Residents near the city of Padang told the BBC that they felt two earthquakes around two minutes apart.
Jusuf Wiwekananda, a pilot in Padang, told the BBC the earthquake was "very powerful".
"The walls of my hotel room shook and made a loud sound. I have heard there are a lot of people trying to reach higher ground because of the tsunami reports, so some of the roads are jammed."
Telephone communication was reported to be down in the Mentawai island chain, closer to the epicentre.
In 2004, an 8.9 magnitude earthquake triggered the world's deadliest ever tsunami, killing more than 200,000 people.
After that disaster, a more effective tsunami monitoring system was put in place. Warnings are now issued more frequently after earthquakes in the area.
Indonesia lies on the Pacific "Ring of Fire" of plate boundaries, which produces high levels of seismic activity, including frequent earthquakes.
|
A 7.8 magnitude earthquake has struck off the coast of western Indonesia, the US Geological Survey (USGS) reports.
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task125_conala_pair_differences
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task125-d535e351b78b48ad89eae4f9fd2124a6
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In this task you are given a list of integers and you need to find the absolute value of the difference between each two consecutive values. The output should be a list of the absolute value of the differences of each two consecutive values.
[98, -73, 95, 44, 93]
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[171, 168, 51, 49]
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task207_max_element_lists
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task207-9efa2ff787654fc7ae06a5f589aed0e9
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In this task, you are given a list. This list contains many lists of integers. The list is several items written within a []. Your task is to find the maximum number among the members of each inner list. The output should be a list comprised of the maximums with the same order as the internal lists.
[[-35, -72, -53, -9, 95, 58, -108], [-185, 72, -32, -90], [-117, -124, -172, 52, -37, -183], [-160, -193, -149, 25, -2], [-132, -182, -85], [-69, 39, -167, 57, -132, 13, 43]]
|
[95, 72, 52, 25, -85, 57]
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task605_find_the_longest_common_subsequence_in_two_lists
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task605-77629c97932049bab38837952620d576
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In this task, you are given two lists A,B. Find the longest common subsequence in the lists A and B.
['F', 'z', 'l', 7867, 3057, 'E', 'J', 6279, 'y', 7709, 'd', 'f', 6443, 'u', 'Q', 8611, 6283, 'q', 'D', 3859, 1951, 3815, 1923, 'L', 9689, '3087', 'R', '1207', 'L', '5421', '8891', '6307', 'k', 't', '409', '5169', '625', '1167', '2745', 'U', 'l', '5753', 'W', '5005', '1073', 't', '1863', '2319', 'A', '2847', 'w', '4535', 'A', 'Z', 8119, 'F', 'g', 'w', 1427, 'E', 5233, 'l', 'I', 101, 4231, 8203, 'B', 'f', 'J', 'q', 5617, 's', 4915], ['j', 889, 8743, 'v', 'R', 7559, 'd', 'Y', '3087', 'R', '1207', 'L', '5421', '8891', '6307', 'k', 't', '409', '5169', '625', '1167', '2745', 'U', 'l', '5753', 'W', '5005', '1073', 't', '1863', '2319', 'A', '2847', 'w', '4535', 'y', 'z', 'Z', 4369, 5273, 3615, 'Y', 'e', 'J', 8633, 'Y', 6215, 2519, 8585, 'G', 'y', 'm', 'i', 'T', 6331]
|
3087, R, 1207, L, 5421, 8891, 6307, k, t, 409, 5169, 625, 1167, 2745, U, l, 5753, W, 5005, 1073, t, 1863, 2319, A, 2847, w, 4535
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task649_race_blank_question_generation
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task649-6d05f5b7ad01440294a344b1ea022f6f
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In this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the fill-in-the-blank question for this answer based on the given article. The blanks are always at the end of the question, and can be filled with more than one word or phrase.
Article: The passages below discuss the retirement age. Passage 1: In the United States,the financial crisis has left the country with 11 million fewer jobs than Americans need now.No matter how tough the policy ,we are not going to find 11 million new jobs soon.So common sense suggests we should make some decisions about who should come first:older people,who have already worked three or four decades at hard jobs? Or younger people,many just out of school,with fresh skills and ambitions? The answer is obvious.Older people who would like to retire and would do so if they could afford it should get some help.The right step is to reduce,not increase,the retirement age.As a rough cut,why not make it a law to set a three--year window during which the age for receiving full Social Security benefits would drop to 62----providing a voluntary ,one--time,grab-it-now bonus for leaving work? Let them go home! With a secure pension and medical care,they will be happier.Young people who need work will be happier.And there will also be more jobs.With pension security, older people will consume services until the end of their lives.They will become.each and every one,an employer. Passage 2: Too many people see longer working lives as a worry rather than an opportunity--and not just because they are going to be chained to their desks.Some worry that there will not be enough jobs to go around.This misunderstanding,known to economists as the"lump of labour fallacy ",was once used to argue that women should stay at home and leave all the jobs for breadwinning males.Now lump-of-labourites say that keeping the old at work would deprive the young of employment.The idea that society can become better-off by paying more of its citizens to be idle is clearly ridiculous.On that reasoning,if the retirement age came down to 25 we would all be as rich as Bill Gates.
Answer: free medical care
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In Passage 1,one reason for suggesting earlier retirement in the US is the _
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task1339_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_text_completion
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task1339-f4de113431f042ed87eb37d1bb2e3950
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The input is a sentence with a missed word and an emotion. Your task is to fill in the blank with a word that matches the emotion and rewrite the completed sentence. The emotion is one of ['fear', 'joy', 'anger', 'sadness'].
SENTENCE: This woman found herself in a <blank> situation.
EMOTION: joy
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This woman found herself in a great situation.
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task301_record_question_generation
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task301-b19596324bce4d949c4d40340f4758ba
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In this task, you will be shown a passage. You need to write a fill-in-the-gap question based on your understanding of the events that might be inferred from the passage. Your question should be answerable based on the passage and only have one correct answer. Show the gap in your question with a _ .
Tampa, Florida (CNN) -- With Texas Gov. Rick Perry threatening to cement his standing atop the national polls, his rivals for the Republican presidential nomination aggressively sought to undermine his conservative credentials on Monday during the first-ever CNN/Tea Party debate in Florida. Perry repeatedly found himself in the crosshairs, as the field of candidates took turns attacking his positions on illegal immigration, Social Security, and his controversial 2007 push to vaccinate Texas schoolgirls against human papillomavirus, a common sexually transmitted disease that can lead to cervical cancer. Minnesota Rep. Michele Bachmann, whose standing among Republicans has slipped dramatically since Perry entered the race, said she was "offended" by Perry's executive order, which included an opt-out provision for parents who did not want the vaccine.NEW: Perry finds himself in the crosshairs as GOP candidates attack his positionsBachmann accuses Perry of helping a drug company through a vaccination orderRomney on Perry: Being dealt aces does not make a good poker playerPerry calls for Social Security reform but drops "Ponzi scheme" label
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As for Romney's charge that Perry would possibly abolish the popular government program, _'s team says that the Texas governor believes that Social Security must be protected for current beneficiaries and those nearing retirement age.
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task1368_healthfact_sentence_generation
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task1368-a3efdde9ae1048e29c0ea692d42a2d95
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Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
The Oregon Health Authority said last week that two Oregon victims had died. That escalation prompted the state, lawmakers and Gov. Kate Brown to launch a barrage of anti-vaping messaging, including calls for action. The Oregonian/OregonLive reports the five victims Oregon officials reported last week all shopped at legal retail marijuana stores. A health authority spokesman did not say if the three new cases did, too. The state on Friday proposed a six-month ban on vaping products, part of a six-point list of options for the governor’s consideration for stemming the tide of vaping-related illnesses. Last week, Washington Gov. Jay Inslee directed the state Board of Health to exercise its emergency authority to ban all flavored vaping products, including those with THC. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said as of Sept. 27 there were 805 confirmed and probable cases nationwide. ___ Information from: The Oregonian/OregonLive, http://www.oregonlive.com
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8 vaping lung illness cases reported in Oregon.
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task615_moviesqa_answer_generation
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task615-2345c57734894f95bdb4061af34ff4fb
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You are given an open-domain question from an open movie database. Your task is to provide an answer to that question. Try to only include the answer. Do not put it in a sentence.
what genre of film is The Darwin Awards?
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Comedy, Adventure, Romance
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task852_synthetic_multiply_odds
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task852-b2c6ee3e015b4eae82ab43db84a02ba4
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In this task you will be given a list, of lists, of integers. For every inner list contained in the input list, you should multiply every odd number in that list. The output should be a list of integers with the same length as the number of lists in the input list. If there are no odd numbers in an inner list you should output 0 for that list.
[[-35, -21], [2, 50, -20, -28, 21], [26, 6, -11, -14, -27], [13, -21, -33, 38], [41, 13], [3, 47]]
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[735, 21, 297, 9009, 533, 141]
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task139_detoxifying-lms_classification_topicality
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task139-56c7f8f48aa0435e863a082b155ea481
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Given a prompt and two completions from a language model, select the completion that is more topical with respect to continuing the prompt. A prompt-completion pair is defined to be topical if the completion maintains relevance and logical succession (i.e. stays on topic) with the prompt. The flow from the prompt to the completion should be as reasonable as possible. Generate either Completion A or Completion B.
Prompt: My next project is slowly approaching.. Almost there..
Completion A: EDIT #3
Completion B: Please share this with your friends and followers! I'm looking forward to what this project will bring to us! And sta
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Completion B
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task472_haspart_classification
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task472-3e65f3c8cf43488a991a26412393ab77
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Given two entities as input, classify as "yes" if second entity is the part of the first entity. Otherwise classify them as "no". These are entities of meronym In linguistics, meronymy is a semantic relation between a meronym denoting a part and a holonym denoting a whole. In simpler terms, a meronym (i.e., second entity) is in a part-of relationship with its holonym (i.e., first entity).
Entity 1: shell
Entity 2: membrane
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no
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task381_boolq_question_generation
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task381-d072246ead5c4a6b9433bd83c7dea711
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You will be given a passage, and your task is to generate a Yes/No question that is answerable based on the given passage.
The Gulf of Mexico (Spanish: Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States, on the southwest and south by Mexico, and on the southeast by Cuba. The U.S. states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida border the Gulf on the north, which are often referred to as the ``Third Coast'', in comparison with the U.S. Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
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is the gulf of mexico considered an ocean?
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task063_first_i_elements
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task063-ef171279e7f3406dac8e898b9fdf4743
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In this task, you are given inputs i and A, where i is an integer and A is a list. You need to output the first i elements of A, starting with the 1st element in A. i will always have a value less than the length of A
5, ['4403', 'z', '4125', '6689', '8929', '9931', '567', 'S', '5155', 'Y', 'M', 'T', 'z', 'J', 'd', '9451', '4893', 'g', 'e', 'Y', 'A', 'B', 'Q', '1071', 'e', 'b', '5833']
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4403, z, 4125, 6689, 8929
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task158_count_frequency_of_words
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task158-dfedfb6a9ff848f5a80eff04a4b2fc05
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In this task, you need to count the occurrences of the given word in the given sentence.
Sentence: 'a stack of items that starts with a book and ends with a battery'. Count the occurrences of the word 'a' in the given sentence.
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3
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task103_facts2story_long_text_generation
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task103-041cd244eab04606b4379acda8757fd9
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In this task, five ordered key facts are given. All the given facts are expressed in natural language. Your job is to generate a story 100 to 1000 words long, that includes all the facts given as input in their order of appearance while expanding upon them to produce a broader, yet coherent, narrative.
Fact1: operation in Paris failed on watch, Fact2: CIA interrogation officer Alice Racine works in undercover capacity at community centre in London, Fact3: radical preacher Imam Yazid Khaleel is planning biological attack on American target on British soil in collaboration with terrorist and American, Fact4: born Islamic convert David Mercer biological attack on American target on British soil in collaboration with terrorist and American, Fact5: Amjad stands in as courier to meet with Mercer 's representative operation
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After an operation in Paris failed on her watch, CIA interrogation officer Alice Racine now works in an undercover capacity at a community centre in London. The area is a hotspot for Islamic extremism, and information she discovers in her capacity at the centre is passed on to the security services, including MI5 Intelligence Chief Emily Knowles. Her former station chief and mentor Eric Lasch meets with her, and tells her that she shouldn’t feel guilty for the failed operation which resulted in Algerian suicide bombers killing 24 people and that she needs to get back into the field. Meanwhile, the Central Intelligence Agency and MI5 receive intel that radical preacher Imam Yazid Khaleel is planning a biological attack on an American target on British soil in collaboration with terrorist and American born Islamic convert David Mercer. Racine is approached by Frank Sutter, an officer from the CIA’s London Station, who tells her she has orders from Europe Division Chief Bob Hunter to help them interrogate and break Khaleel’s courier they have captured. In a hotel, Racine begins to interrogate the courier, a BritishMoroccan man named Lateef, and is able to coax the message he is due to deliver to Mercer’s representative to confirm the attack. However, before divulging the details of the message to Sutter, she receives a call from her handler Ed Romley, who confusingly gives her the same mission brief as Sutter. Realising she has been tricked and the men she is working with are not CIA, she attempts to remove Lateef from their custody, but in an ensuing gunfight he is killed. She retreats to Laschs apartment, but that is soon also attacked by the operatives, with Racine witnessing Lasch be fatally shot as she escapes to a safe house he informed her of previously. Upon arriving at the safe house, she apprehends burglar Jack Alcott, who is in the process of robbing the apartment. Restraining him in the bedroom, she contacts Hunter and Romley, who despite claiming to believe her, per protocol, send SCO19 officers to apprehend and bring her in. After fighting two of the officers and being tasered, she is saved by Alcott and the two manage to escape. Revealing he is a former Royal Marine who served in the Iraq War, Racine reluctantly decides to allow him to accompany her. Racine also seeks the help of Amjad, a friend and client from the community centre who drives a taxi. She and Alcott confront Khaleel in a Moroccan restaurant, where he confesses he no longer believes in the radical extremism he promotes with the courier message being a stand down order, but anticipates that Mercer will still go ahead with the attack. Following an associate of Lateef, Racine discovers Alcott is working with Sutter and the two fight, with Racine managing to escape after Alcott is killed by an aggrieved third party. Racine approaches Knowles, who agrees to help her and sets up an operation where Amjad stands in as the courier to meet with Mercers representative. She reveals to Racine that intelligence from the French DGSI suggests senior parties in the CIA allowed the Paris attack to take place, as one of the victims killed in the bombings was a CIA whistle blower. Meanwhile, Romleys team track the bullets used in the killing of their men who apprehended Lateef to a AT308C sniper rifle, which is revealed to have been checked out of a Metropolitan Police armoury by corrupt MI5 operative John Wilson. Wilson is shown to be part of the team providing cover for Knowles operation, and guns down his fellow operatives as well as injuring Knowles whilst trying to kill Racine. Amjad is also killed in the crossfire. Having survived the attack, Racine heads to a meeting point organised by Sutter, where it is revealed that Lasch is not only alive but is the main conspirator. After a brief struggle, he escapes, but is tracked by her to a warehouse outside of Wembley Stadium, where a sold out game of American football is due to be played between Portland and Oklahoma. Lasch reveals he wants the biological attack to take place, and the visiting Americans to transport the virus back home, in order to force the US Government to take the threat of biological warfare seriously. After shooting Wilson, Racine and Lasch engage in a brief fight, which ultimately results in him falling to his death and Racine disarming the virus canisters. Knowing that in light of the attack failing Mercer will attempt to flee to Syria, she is instructed by Hunter to intercept him en route. In Prague, Mercer is about to meet with a contact who will take him on the next leg of his journey, but is accosted by Racine at a tram station where she slices his femoral artery, killing him.
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task1285_kpa_keypoint_matching
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task1285-aea2e2e41fad43d69b827875f6b1fcf1
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The input contains a debate topic, an argument on the topic and a keypoint, separated by "<sep>". Your task is to answer if the keypoint matches the argument and summarizes exactly what the argument means, in the context of the given topic.
Topic: We should legalize sex selection<sep>Argument: We should legalize sex selection as with all the developments in the world we should be allowed to choose the sex of our children.<sep>Keypoint: It is within the freedoms of the parents to select the sex of the child
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True
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task1731_quartz_question_answering
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task1731-82d26a63615c4f97bd96bf5ebdff7ecc
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You are given a short paragraph, a question and two choices to answer from. Choose the correct answer based on the paragraph and write the answer(not the key).
Paragraph: Larger alkenes have lower boiling and melting points.
Question: Mark is boiling alkenes and wants to see which will boil first; the larger ones or the smaller ones. The alkenes that will boil first are the ones that are
Choices: A)smaller
B)larger
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larger
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task1217_atomic_answer_generation
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task1217-f62e31a5035c4134b06b17e0d5403419
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In this task, you are given a sentence with a missing word that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Fill in the blank with a plausible word. Although each sentence has many correct answers, you only have to write one answer.
PersonX uses ___ to defend
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a baseball bat
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task516_senteval_conjoints_inversion
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task516-738ca2db35bc46fd859ea64889088cae
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In this task you are given a sentence with one coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so). You must judge whether the order of two coordinated clausal conjoints have been inverted or not. Inversion would result in the sentence sounding unnatural. Label the instances as "Original" or "Inversion" based on your judgment.
He 'd put one through the inner ring , and once in a while he would get bored .
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Inversion
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task149_afs_argument_quality_death_penalty
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task149-66c92e40148c49b08f656a5faaeec300
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We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Death Penalty) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of death penalty. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of death penalty.
Giving the criminals as many possibilities to get away with their crimes.
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Invalid
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task132_dais_text_modification
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task132-e645b22d00fc4845a6802a629f2a78ae
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Languages typically provide more than one grammatical construction to express certain types of messages. Your task is to generate a senetence with the same meaning as given sentence, but with different grammatical construction.
Michael grunted a woman from work something
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Michael grunted something to a woman from work
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task1401_obqa_sentence_generation
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task1401-7a27071de3d3434b9b4eafac4d39fd82
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In this task, you are given a question and a corresponding answer. Your task is to generate a fact statement that is useful in answering the given question.
Question: An example of a chemical change is? Answer: milk to yogurt.
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An example of a chemical change is acid breaking down substances
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task070_abductivenli_incorrect_classification
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task070-17e6b89486914a8b90a3e3fd5734e6d4
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In this task, you will be shown a short story with a beginning, two potential middles, and an ending. Your job is to choose the middle statement that makes the story incoherent / implausible by indicating 1 or 2 in the output. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes less sense.
Beginning: Dan has worn the same pair of boots for almost 20 Years. Middle 1: The boots were worn out but irreplaceable. Middle 2: The boots are worn out and need replacing. Ending: He hopes that his new boots also last 20 Years.
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1
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task319_stereoset_classification_profession
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task319-65c6397aa8b34573abfb742319c392ca
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You are given a target profession, and two sentences. Your task is to determine whether the second sentence is either a stereotype, anti-stereotype, or is unrelated with respect to the first sentence and the target. A stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against the widely held but oversimplified notion of a group of people. Sentences and targets are unrelated if there is no relevance between them.
Target: assistant
Assistants help someone do their job better. Most are incompetent and mean.
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stereotype
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task1495_adverse_drug_event_classification
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task1495-01e6988d0126424891b26956712e905d
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Adverse drug reactions are appreciably harmful or unpleasant reactions resulting from an intervention related to the use of medical products, which predicts hazard from future administration and warrants prevention or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product. Given medical case reports extracted from MEDLINE, the task is to classify whether the case report mentions the presence of any adverse drug reaction. Classify your answers into non-adverse drug event and adverse drug event.
This report rules out other causes of toxic epidermal necrolysis and implicates ofloxacin in what appears to be an atypical presentation of drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.
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adverse drug event
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task1293_kilt_tasks_hotpotqa_question_answering
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task1293-fd454c4d73d14c4d96f9af08b35996c2
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In this task, you are given a question. You have to answer the question based on your information.
Which company is engaged in the bottling and distribution in the Philippines of the cola-flavored soft drink developed in 1905 by Claud A. Hatcher?
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Macay Holdings, Inc.
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task1505_root09_semantic_relation_classification
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task1505-2b8d5518e6d44d24aeb712bc42a4950a
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Given a pair of words, deduce the type of relationship between them. The various types of relations are: 'HYPER', 'COORD' and 'RANDOM'. Let's denote the first word by X and the second word by Y. A COORD relationship holds when X and Y belong to the same semantic class. A HYPER relationship applies when X is a specific instance of Y. If niether COORD nor HYPER are applicable then the relationship is RANDOM.
X: arch, Y: division
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RANDOM
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task183_rhyme_generation
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task183-809f23d1d0064649a85a65cb57d0c3bb
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Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No"
state
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aydt
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task300_storycloze_order_generation
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task300-920309e6fed742f6a18904df3eec05f9
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In this task, you're given a short story of five sentences written in natural language. However, the order of the given story is not correct. Your job is to return the correct order for the given five sentences to create a coherent short story with the new order that has the correct flow. Generate your answer using the number of sentences in the correct order, such as '23415'.
Sentence1: Josh used the bonus to repair his broken car. Sentence2: The researcher decided to give Josh a bonus. Sentence3: Josh was writing short stories for a researcher. Sentence4: Josh was happy that he got a bonus. Sentence5: The researcher was impressed by Josh's stories.
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53142
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task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
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task303-9a75ff45cb694ef49ca36a7b6976b845
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In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer.
(CNN) Trump's "locked and loaded" standoff with North Korea has Americans in high anxiety, hair-pulling among White House officials may be stalling his agenda, Robert Mueller's Russia campaign-interference probe appears to be heating up with the recent FBI raid of President Donald Trump's former campaign chairman Paul Manafort, and Trump faces the lowest-ever approval ratings for a president at this time in his first term. But things may be getting worse for the President: "Saturday Night Live" is back! Starting last night and airing the next three Thursdays, we will see an all-new, 30-minute live prime-time edition of "Weekend Update.""SNL"'s new "Weekend Update" show in prime time skewered Trump, who's very sensitive to "SNL," writes Dean ObeidallahObeidallah: Show provides comic catharsis for America between "SNL" seasons. Silver lining for Trump? Episodes only 30 minutes
Question:The show used comedy to remind us of the Trump-related scandals that have continued apace during the three months inter-season period while "_" has been off the air.
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Dean Obeidallah
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task163_count_words_ending_with_letter
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task163-00bb614025834bca8e9e1c2bae8ce4bc
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In this task, you need to count the number of words in a sentence that end with the given letter. Answer with numbers and not words.
Sentence: 'a cupcake and spoon are on a white plate'. How many words end with the letter 'e' in the sentence.
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4
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