Article 275

कुछ राज्यों को संघ से अनुदान

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance, and different sums may be fixed for different States:
Provided that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of a State such capital and recurring sums as may be necessary to enable that State to meet the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of the Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State:
Provided further that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the State of Assam sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to —
(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of this Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and
(b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of the said areas to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State.
(1A) On and from the formation of the autonomous State under article 244A, —
(i) any sums payable under clause (a) of the second proviso to clause (1) shall, if the autonomous State comprises all the tribal areas referred to therein, be paid to the autonomous State, and, if the autonomous State comprises only some of those tribal areas, be apportioned between the State of Assam and the autonomous State as the President may, by order, specify;
(ii) there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the autonomous State sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the autonomous State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of that State to that of the administration of the rest of the State of Assam.
(2) Until provision is made by Parliament under clause (1), the powers conferred on Parliament under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament:
Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 275 के तहत 'कुछ राज्यों को संघ से अनुदान' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 275

Grants from the Union to Certain States

Input:
Premise: (1) Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance, and different sums may be fixed for different States:
Provided that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of a State such capital and recurring sums as may be necessary to enable that State to meet the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of the Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State:
Provided further that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the State of Assam sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to —
(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of this Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and
(b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of the said areas to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State.
(1A) On and from the formation of the autonomous State under article 244A, —
(i) any sums payable under clause (a) of the second proviso to clause (1) shall, if the autonomous State comprises all the tribal areas referred to therein, be paid to the autonomous State, and, if the autonomous State comprises only some of those tribal areas, be apportioned between the State of Assam and the autonomous State as the President may, by order, specify;
(ii) there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the autonomous State sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the autonomous State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of that State to that of the administration of the rest of the State of Assam.
(2) Until provision is made by Parliament under clause (1), the powers conferred on Parliament under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament:
Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Grants from the Union to Certain States'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 275

कुछ राज्यों को संघ से अनुदान

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance, and different sums may be fixed for different States:
Provided that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of a State such capital and recurring sums as may be necessary to enable that State to meet the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of the Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State:
Provided further that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the State of Assam sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to —
(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of this Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and
(b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of the said areas to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State.
(1A) On and from the formation of the autonomous State under article 244A, —
(i) any sums payable under clause (a) of the second proviso to clause (1) shall, if the autonomous State comprises all the tribal areas referred to therein, be paid to the autonomous State, and, if the autonomous State comprises only some of those tribal areas, be apportioned between the State of Assam and the autonomous State as the President may, by order, specify;
(ii) there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the autonomous State sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the autonomous State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of that State to that of the administration of the rest of the State of Assam.
(2) Until provision is made by Parliament under clause (1), the powers conferred on Parliament under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament:
Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ राज्यों को संघ से अनुदान' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 275

Grants from the Union to Certain States

Input:
Premise: (1) Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance, and different sums may be fixed for different States:
Provided that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of a State such capital and recurring sums as may be necessary to enable that State to meet the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of the Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State:
Provided further that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the State of Assam sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to —
(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of this Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and
(b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of the said areas to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State.
(1A) On and from the formation of the autonomous State under article 244A, —
(i) any sums payable under clause (a) of the second proviso to clause (1) shall, if the autonomous State comprises all the tribal areas referred to therein, be paid to the autonomous State, and, if the autonomous State comprises only some of those tribal areas, be apportioned between the State of Assam and the autonomous State as the President may, by order, specify;
(ii) there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the autonomous State sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the autonomous State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of that State to that of the administration of the rest of the State of Assam.
(2) Until provision is made by Parliament under clause (1), the powers conferred on Parliament under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament:
Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 275

कुछ राज्यों को संघ से अनुदान

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Such sums as Parliament may by law provide shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India in each year as grants-in-aid of the revenues of such States as Parliament may determine to be in need of assistance, and different sums may be fixed for different States:
Provided that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of a State such capital and recurring sums as may be necessary to enable that State to meet the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the Scheduled Tribes in that State or raising the level of administration of the Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State:
Provided further that there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the State of Assam sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to —
(a) the average excess of expenditure over the revenues during the two years immediately preceding the commencement of this Constitution in respect of the administration of the tribal areas specified in Part I of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule; and
(b) the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by that State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of the said areas to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State.
(1A) On and from the formation of the autonomous State under article 244A, —
(i) any sums payable under clause (a) of the second proviso to clause (1) shall, if the autonomous State comprises all the tribal areas referred to therein, be paid to the autonomous State, and, if the autonomous State comprises only some of those tribal areas, be apportioned between the State of Assam and the autonomous State as the President may, by order, specify;
(ii) there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India as grants-in-aid of the revenues of the autonomous State sums, capital and recurring, equivalent to the costs of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the autonomous State with the approval of the Government of India for the purpose of raising the level of administration of that State to that of the administration of the rest of the State of Assam.
(2) Until provision is made by Parliament under clause (1), the powers conferred on Parliament under that clause shall be exercisable by the President by order and any order made by the President under this clause shall have effect subject to any provision so made by Parliament:
Provided that after a Finance Commission has been constituted no order shall be made under this clause by the President except after considering the recommendations of the Finance Commission.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 276

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 276.

Explanation: Article 276 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments' under the Constitution of India.


Article 276

पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 276 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 276 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 276

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 276 (Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments).

Output: Article Article 276 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality,.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 276

पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 276 ('पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 276 भारत के संविधान में 'पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality,...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 276

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments' under Article 276.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 276

पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 276 के तहत 'पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 276

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Taxes on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 276

पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 276

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 276

पेशे, व्यापार, आजीविका और रोजगार पर कर

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 246, no law of the Legislature of a State relating to taxes for the benefit of the State or of a municipality, district board, local board or other local authority therein in respect of professions, trades, callings or employments shall be invalid on the ground that it relates to a tax on income.
(2) The total amount payable in respect of any one person to the State or to any one municipality, district board, local board or other local authority in the State by way of taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not exceed two thousand and five hundred rupees per annum.
(3) The power of the Legislature of a State to make laws as aforesaid with respect to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments shall not be construed as limiting in any way the power of Parliament to make laws with respect to taxes on income accruing from or arising out of professions, trades, callings and employments.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 277

Savings

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Savings'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 277.

Explanation: Article 277 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Savings' under the Constitution of India.


Article 277

बचत

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'बचत' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 277 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 277 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'बचत' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 277

Savings

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 277 (Savings).

Output: Article Article 277 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Savings' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 277

बचत

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 277 ('बचत') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 277 भारत के संविधान में 'बचत' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 277

Savings

Input:
Premise: Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Savings' under Article 277.

Output: Entailment


Article 277

बचत

Input:
आधार (Premise): Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 277 के तहत 'बचत' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 277

Savings

Input:
Premise: Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Savings'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 277

बचत

Input:
आधार (Premise): Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'बचत' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 277

Savings

Input:
Premise: Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 277

बचत

Input:
आधार (Premise): Any taxes, duties, cesses or fees which, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, were being lawfully levied by the Government of any State or by any municipality or other local authority or body for the purposes of the State, municipality, district or other local area may, notwithstanding that those taxes, duties, cesses or fees are mentioned in the Union List, continue to be levied and to be applied to the same purposes until provision to the contrary is made by Parliament by law.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 280

Finance Commission

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Finance Commission'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 280.

Explanation: Article 280 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Finance Commission' under the Constitution of India.


Article 280

वित्त आयोग

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'वित्त आयोग' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 280 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 280 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'वित्त आयोग' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 280

Finance Commission

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 280 (Finance Commission).

Output: Article Article 280 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Finance Commission' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such e.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 280

वित्त आयोग

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 280 ('वित्त आयोग') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 280 भारत के संविधान में 'वित्त आयोग' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such e...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 280

Finance Commission

Input:
Premise: (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Finance Commission' under Article 280.

Output: Entailment


Article 280

वित्त आयोग

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 280 के तहत 'वित्त आयोग' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 280

Finance Commission

Input:
Premise: (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Finance Commission'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 280

वित्त आयोग

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'वित्त आयोग' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 280

Finance Commission

Input:
Premise: (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 280

वित्त आयोग

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall, within two years from the commencement of this Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary, by order constitute a Finance Commission which shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
(2) Parliament may by law determine the qualifications which shall be requisite for appointment as members of the Commission and the manner in which they shall be selected.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to —
(a) the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them under this Chapter and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
(b) the principles which should govern the grantsin-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
(bb) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(c) the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
(d) any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
(4) The Commission shall determine their procedure and shall have such powers in the performance of their functions as Parliament may by law confer on them.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 281

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Recommendations of the Finance Commission'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 281.

Explanation: Article 281 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Recommendations of the Finance Commission' under the Constitution of India.


Article 281

वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 281 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 281 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 281

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 281 (Recommendations of the Finance Commission).

Output: Article Article 281 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Recommendations of the Finance Commission' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory m.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 281

वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 281 ('वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 281 भारत के संविधान में 'वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory m...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 281

Input:
Premise: The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Recommendations of the Finance Commission' under Article 281.

Output: Entailment


Article 281

वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें

Input:
आधार (Premise): The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 281 के तहत 'वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 281

Input:
Premise: The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Recommendations of the Finance Commission'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 281

वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें

Input:
आधार (Premise): The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 281

Input:
Premise: The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 281

वित्त आयोग की सिफ़ारिशें

Input:
आधार (Premise): The President shall cause every recommendation made by the Finance Commission under the provisions of this Constitution together with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken thereon to be laid before each House of Parliament.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 283

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 283.

Explanation: Article 283 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts' under the Constitution of India.


Article 283

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 283 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 283 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 283

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 283 (Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts).

Output: Article Article 283 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys t.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 283

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 283 ('समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 283 भारत के संविधान में 'समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys t...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 283

Input:
Premise: (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts' under Article 283.

Output: Entailment


Article 283

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 283 के तहत 'समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 283

Input:
Premise: (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Custody, Etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and Moneys Credited to the Public Accounts'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 283

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'समेकित निधियों, आकस्मिक निधियों और सार्वजनिक खातों में जमा धन की अभिरक्षा, आदि' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 283

Input:
Premise: (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 283

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of India and the Contingency Fund of India, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of India, their payment into the public account of India and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by Parliament, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the President.
(2) The custody of the Consolidated Fund of a State and the Contingency Fund of a State, the payment of moneys into such Funds, the withdrawal of moneys therefrom, the custody of public moneys other than those credited to such Funds received by or on behalf of the Government of the State, their payment into the public account of the State and the withdrawal of moneys from such account and all other matters connected with or ancillary to matters aforesaid shall be regulated by law made by the Legislature of the State, and, until provision in that behalf is so made, shall be regulated by rules made by the Governor of the State.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 284

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 284.

Explanation: Article 284 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts' under the Constitution of India.


Article 284

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 284 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 284 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 284

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 284 (Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts).

Output:
Article Article 284 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such,.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 284

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 284 ('लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output:
अनुच्छेद Article 284 भारत के संविधान में 'लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such,...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 284

Input:
Premise: All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts' under Article 284.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 284

Input:
आधार (Premise): All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 284 के तहत 'लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 284

Input:
Premise: All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Custody of Suitors’ Deposits and Other Moneys Received by Public Servants and Courts'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 284

Input:
आधार (Premise): All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'लोक सेवकों और न्यायालयों द्वारा प्राप्त दावेदारों की जमा राशि और अन्य धन की अभिरक्षा' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 284

Input:
Premise: All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 284

Input:
आधार (Premise): All moneys received by or deposited with —
(a) any officer employed in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State in his capacity as such, other than revenues or public moneys raised or received by the Government of India or the Government of the State, as the case may be, or
(b) any court within the territory of India to the credit of any cause, matter, account or persons, shall be paid into the public account of India or the public account of State, as the case may be.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 286

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 286.

Explanation: Article 286 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods' under the Constitution of India.


Article 286

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 286 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 286 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 286

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 286 (Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods).

Output:
Article Article 286 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 286

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 286 ('माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output:
अनुच्छेद Article 286 भारत के संविधान में 'माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 286

Input:
Premise: (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods' under Article 286.

Output: Entailment


Article 286

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 286 के तहत 'माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 286

Input:
Premise: (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Restrictions as to Imposition of Tax on the Sale or Purchase of Goods'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 286

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'माल की बिक्री या खरीद पर कर लगाने पर प्रतिबंध' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 286

Input:
Premise: (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 286

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) No law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the sale or purchase of goods where such sale or purchase takes place —
(a) outside the State; or
(b) in the course of the import of the goods into, or export of the goods out of, the territory of India.
(2) Parliament may by law formulate principles for determining when a sale or purchase of goods takes place in any of the ways mentioned in clause (1).
(3) Any law of a State shall, in so far as it imposes, or authorises the imposition of, —
(a) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods declared by Parliament by law to be of special importance in inter-State trade or commerce; or
(b) a tax on the sale or purchase of goods, being a tax of the nature referred to in sub-clause (b), subclause (c) or sub-clause (d) of clause (29A) of article 366,
be subject to such restrictions and conditions in regard to the system of levy, rates and other incidents of the tax as Parliament may by law specify.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 287

Exemption from Taxes on Electricity

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Exemption from Taxes on Electricity'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 287.

Explanation: Article 287 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Exemption from Taxes on Electricity' under the Constitution of India.


Article 287

बिजली पर कर से छूट

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'बिजली पर कर से छूट' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 287 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 287 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'बिजली पर कर से छूट' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 287

Exemption from Taxes on Electricity

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 287 (Exemption from Taxes on Electricity).

Output: Article Article 287 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Exemption from Taxes on Electricity' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 287

बिजली पर कर से छूट

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 287 ('बिजली पर कर से छूट') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 287 भारत के संविधान में 'बिजली पर कर से छूट' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 287

Exemption from Taxes on Electricity

Input:
Premise: Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Exemption from Taxes on Electricity' under Article 287.

Output: Entailment


Article 287

बिजली पर कर से छूट

Input:
आधार (Premise): Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 287 के तहत 'बिजली पर कर से छूट' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 287

Exemption from Taxes on Electricity

Input:
Premise: Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Exemption from Taxes on Electricity'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 287

बिजली पर कर से छूट

Input:
आधार (Premise): Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'बिजली पर कर से छूट' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction


Article 287

Exemption from Taxes on Electricity

Input:
Premise: Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral


Article 287

बिजली पर कर से छूट

Input:
आधार (Premise): Save in so far as Parliament may by law otherwise provide, no law of a State shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax on the consumption or sale of electricity (whether produced by a Government or other persons) which is —
(a) consumed by the Government of India, or sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government; or
(b) consumed in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway by the Government of India or a railway company operating that railway, or sold to that Government or any such railway company for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway,
and any such law imposing, or authorising the imposition of, a tax on the sale of electricity shall secure that the price of electricity sold to the Government of India for consumption by that Government, or to any such railway company as aforesaid for consumption in the construction, maintenance or operation of any railway, shall be less by the amount of the tax than the price charged to other consumers of a substantial quantity of electricity.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral


Article 288

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 288.

Explanation: Article 288 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases' under the Constitution of India.


Article 288

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 288 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 288 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 288

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 288 (Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases).

Output: Article Article 288 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitutio.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.


Article 288

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 288 ('कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 288 भारत के संविधान में 'कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitutio...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।


Article 288

Input:
Premise: (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax in respect of any water or electricity stored, generated, consumed, distributed or sold by any authority established by any existing law or any law made by Parliament for regulating or developing any inter-State river or river-valley.
Explanation. — The expression “law of a State in force” in this clause shall include a law of a State passed or made before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that it or parts of it may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.
(2) The Legislature of a State may by law impose, or authorise the imposition of, any such tax as is mentioned in clause (1), but no such law shall have any effect unless it has, after having been reserved for the consideration of the President, received his assent; and if any such law provides for the fixation of the rates and other incidents of such tax by means of rules or orders to be made under the law by any authority, the law shall provide for the previous consent of the President being obtained to the making of any such rule or order.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases' under Article 288.

Output: Entailment


Article 288

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax in respect of any water or electricity stored, generated, consumed, distributed or sold by any authority established by any existing law or any law made by Parliament for regulating or developing any inter-State river or river-valley.
Explanation. — The expression “law of a State in force” in this clause shall include a law of a State passed or made before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that it or parts of it may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.
(2) The Legislature of a State may by law impose, or authorise the imposition of, any such tax as is mentioned in clause (1), but no such law shall have any effect unless it has, after having been reserved for the consideration of the President, received his assent; and if any such law provides for the fixation of the rates and other incidents of such tax by means of rules or orders to be made under the law by any authority, the law shall provide for the previous consent of the President being obtained to the making of any such rule or order.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 288 के तहत 'कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment


Article 288

Input:
Premise: (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax in respect of any water or electricity stored, generated, consumed, distributed or sold by any authority established by any existing law or any law made by Parliament for regulating or developing any inter-State river or river-valley.
Explanation. — The expression “law of a State in force” in this clause shall include a law of a State passed or made before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that it or parts of it may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.
(2) The Legislature of a State may by law impose, or authorise the imposition of, any such tax as is mentioned in clause (1), but no such law shall have any effect unless it has, after having been reserved for the consideration of the President, received his assent; and if any such law provides for the fixation of the rates and other incidents of such tax by means of rules or orders to be made under the law by any authority, the law shall provide for the previous consent of the President being obtained to the making of any such rule or order.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Exemption from Taxation by States in Respect of Water or Electricity in Certain Cases'.

Output: Contradiction


Article 288

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Save in so far as the President may by order otherwise provide, no law of a State in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall impose, or authorise the imposition of, a tax in respect of any water or electricity stored, generated, consumed, distributed or sold by any authority established by any existing law or any law made by Parliament for regulating or developing any inter-State river or river-valley.
Explanation. — The expression “law of a State in force” in this clause shall include a law of a State passed or made before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that it or parts of it may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.
(2) The Legislature of a State may by law impose, or authorise the imposition of, any such tax as is mentioned in clause (1), but no such law shall have any effect unless it has, after having been reserved for the consideration of the President, received his assent; and if any such law provides for the fixation of the rates and other incidents of such tax by means of rules or orders to be made under the law by any authority, the law shall provide for the previous consent of the President being obtained to the making of any such rule or order.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ मामलों में पानी या बिजली के संबंध में राज्यों द्वारा कराधान से छूट' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction